SOFI TECHNOLOGIES, INC., 10-Q filed on 5/7/2024
Quarterly Report
v3.24.1.u1
Cover Page - shares
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Apr. 30, 2024
Cover [Abstract]    
Document Type 10-Q  
Document Quarterly Report true  
Document Period End Date Mar. 31, 2024  
Document Transition Report false  
Entity File Number 001-39606  
Entity Registrant Name SoFi Technologies, Inc.  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE  
Entity Tax Identification Number 98-1547291  
Entity Address, Address Line One 234 1st Street  
Entity Address, City or Town San Francisco  
Entity Address, State or Province CA  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 94105  
City Area Code 855  
Local Phone Number 456-7634  
Title of 12(b) Security Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share  
Trading Symbol SOFI  
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ  
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes  
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes  
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer  
Smaller Reporting Company false  
Emerging Growth Company false  
Entity Shell Company false  
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   1,057,223,164
Entity Central Index Key 0001818874  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2024  
Document Fiscal Period Focus Q1  
Amendment Flag false  
v3.24.1.u1
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Assets    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 3,693,390 $ 3,085,020
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 454,518 530,558
Investment securities (includes available-for-sale securities of $838,506 and $595,187 at fair value with associated amortized cost of $839,936 and $596,757, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively) 973,098 701,935
Loans held for sale, at fair value 15,116,482 15,396,771
Loans held for investment, at fair value 6,834,161 6,725,484
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost (less allowance for credit losses of $51,313 and $54,695, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively) 1,250,231 836,159
Servicing rights 240,752 180,469
Property, equipment and software 228,049 216,908
Goodwill 1,393,505 1,393,505
Intangible assets 347,495 364,048
Operating lease right-of-use assets 87,362 89,635
Other assets (less allowance for credit losses of $2,109 and $1,837, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively) 686,717 554,366
Total assets 31,305,760 30,074,858
Deposits:    
Interest-bearing deposits 21,550,137 18,568,993
Noninterest-bearing deposits 54,457 51,670
Total deposits 21,604,594 18,620,663
Accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities 554,185 549,748
Operating lease liabilities 105,556 108,649
Debt 2,891,317 5,233,416
Residual interests classified as debt 4,129 7,396
Total liabilities 25,159,781 24,519,872
Commitments, guarantees, concentrations and contingencies (Note 15)
Temporary equity:    
Redeemable preferred stock, $0.00 par value: 100,000,000 and 100,000,000 shares authorized; 3,234,000 and 3,234,000 shares issued and outstanding, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively [1] 320,374 320,374
Permanent equity:    
Common stock [2] 105 97
Additional paid-in capital 7,543,808 7,039,987
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (2,088) (1,209)
Accumulated deficit (1,716,220) (1,804,263)
Total permanent equity 5,825,605 5,234,612
Total liabilities, temporary equity and permanent equity 31,305,760 30,074,858
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary    
Assets    
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 45,297 50,547
Loans held for sale, at fair value 388,980 502,757
Loans held for investment, at fair value 158,191 221,461
Total assets 592,468 774,765
Deposits:    
Accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities 750 1,773
Debt 255,943 420,974
Residual interests classified as debt 4,129 7,396
Total liabilities $ 260,822 $ 430,143
[1] Redemption amount is $323,400 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
[2] Includes 100,000,000 non-voting common shares authorized and no non-voting common shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. See Note 10. Equity for additional information.
v3.24.1.u1
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Investments in available-for-sale securities, fair value $ 838,506 $ 595,187
Investments in available-for-sale securities, amortized cost 839,936 596,757
Loans held for investment, allowance for credit loss 51,313 54,695
Other assets, allowance for credit loss $ 2,109 $ 1,837
Redeemable preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.00 $ 0.00
Redeemable preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) 100,000,000 100,000,000
Redeemable preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) 3,234,000 3,234,000
Redeemable preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 3,234,000 3,234,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.00 $ 0.00
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 3,100,000,000 3,100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 1,056,491,365 975,861,793
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 1,056,491,365 975,861,793
Redemption amount $ 323,400 $ 323,400
Non-Voting Common Stock    
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 100,000,000 100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 0 0
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 0 0
v3.24.1.u1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Interest income    
Loans and securitizations $ 620,228 $ 360,396
Other 45,683 11,168
Total interest income 665,911 371,564
Interest expense    
Securitizations and warehouses 40,921 54,324
Deposits 211,451 73,116
Corporate borrowings 10,711 8,000
Other 110 114
Total interest expense 263,193 135,554
Net interest income 402,718 236,010
Noninterest income    
Loan origination, sales, and securitizations 57,000 123,334
Servicing 6,974 12,742
Technology products and solutions 85,672 72,801
Other 92,631 27,271
Total noninterest income 242,277 236,148
Total net revenue 644,995 472,158
Noninterest expense    
Technology and product development 130,920 117,059
Sales and marketing 167,366 175,154
Cost of operations 100,061 83,908
General and administrative 145,240 123,689
Provision for credit losses 7,182 8,407
Total noninterest expense 550,769 508,217
Income (loss) before income taxes 94,226 (36,059)
Income tax (expense) benefit (6,183) 1,637
Net income (loss) 88,043 (34,422)
Other comprehensive income (loss)    
Unrealized (losses) gains on available-for-sale securities, net (700) 2,248
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net (179) (293)
Total other comprehensive income (loss) (879) 1,955
Comprehensive income (loss) $ 87,164 $ (32,467)
Earnings (loss) per share (Note 16)    
Earnings (loss) per share - basic (in dollars per share) $ 0.08 $ (0.05)
Earnings (loss) per share - diluted (in dollars per share) $ 0.02 $ (0.05)
Weighted average common stock outstanding - basic (in shares) 982,617,492 929,270,723
Weighted average common stock outstanding - diluted (in shares) 1,042,476,501 929,270,723
v3.24.1.u1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Temporary Equity and Permanent Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Total
Common Stock
Additional Paid-In Capital
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated Deficit
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022   933,896,120      
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 5,208,102 $ 93 $ 6,719,826 $ (8,296) $ (1,503,521)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Share-based compensation expense 70,653   70,653    
Vesting of RSUs (in shares)   6,737,174      
Vesting of RSUs   $ 1 (1)    
Stock withheld related to taxes on vested RSUs (in shares)   (455,690)      
Stock withheld related to taxes on vested RSUs (2,416)   (2,416)    
Exercise of common stock options (in shares)   161,231      
Exercise of common stock options 168   168    
Redeemable preferred stock dividends (9,968)   (9,968)    
Net income (loss) (34,422)       (34,422)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes 1,955     1,955  
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023   940,338,835      
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023 $ 5,234,072 $ 94 6,778,262 (6,341) (1,537,943)
Temporary equity, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022 3,234,000        
Temporary equity, beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 320,374        
Temporary equity, ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023 3,234,000        
Temporary equity, ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023 $ 320,374        
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 975,861,793 975,861,793      
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023 $ 5,234,612 $ 97 7,039,987 (1,209) (1,804,263)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Share-based compensation expense 63,388   63,388    
Vesting of RSUs (in shares)   8,360,975      
Vesting of RSUs   $ 1 (1)    
Stock withheld related to taxes on vested RSUs (in shares)   (524,837)      
Stock withheld related to taxes on vested RSUs $ (3,760)   (3,760)    
Exercise of common stock options (in shares) 171,555 171,555      
Exercise of common stock options $ 466   466    
Extinguishment of convertible notes by issuance of common stock (in shares)   72,621,879      
Extinguishment of convertible notes by issuance of common stock 534,283 $ 7 534,276    
Purchases of capped calls (90,649)   (90,649)    
Unwind of capped calls 10,180   10,180    
Redeemable preferred stock dividends (10,079)   (10,079)    
Net income (loss) 88,043       88,043
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes $ (879)     (879)  
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024 1,056,491,365 1,056,491,365      
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024 $ 5,825,605 $ 105 $ 7,543,808 $ (2,088) $ (1,716,220)
Temporary equity, beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 3,234,000        
Temporary equity, beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023 [1] $ 320,374        
Temporary equity, ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024 3,234,000        
Temporary equity, ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024 [1] $ 320,374        
[1] Redemption amount is $323,400 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
v3.24.1.u1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Operating activities    
Net income (loss) $ 88,043,000 $ (34,422,000)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:    
Share-based compensation expense 55,082,000 64,226,000
Depreciation and amortization 48,539,000 45,321,000
Deferred debt issuance and discount expense 4,232,000 4,852,000
Gain on extinguishment of convertible debt (59,194,000) 0
Provision for credit losses 7,182,000 8,407,000
Deferred income taxes (967,000) 68,000
Fair value changes in loans held for investment (33,257,000) 0
Fair value changes in securitization investments (1,711,000) 100,000
Other (1,713,000) (2,228,000)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:    
Changes in loans held for sale, net 244,672,000 (2,301,031,000)
Changes in loans previously classified as held for sale, net 492,226,000 0
Servicing assets (60,283,000) 3,340,000
Other assets (37,192,000) 15,823,000
Accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities (7,411,000) (17,216,000)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 738,248,000 (2,212,760,000)
Investing activities    
Purchases of property, equipment and software (31,984,000) (23,720,000)
Capitalized software development costs (2,128,000) (2,814,000)
Purchases of available-for-sale investments (368,569,000) (260,608,000)
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale investments 0 265,634,000
Proceeds from maturities and paydowns of available-for-sale investments 131,317,000 20,409,000
Changes in loans held for investment, net (990,605,000) (29,544,000)
Proceeds from securitization investments 9,483,000 15,999,000
Proceeds from non-securitization investments 2,517,000 0
Purchases of non-securitization investments (11,215,000) (7,563,000)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired 0 (17,946,000)
Net cash used in investing activities (1,261,184,000) (40,153,000)
Financing activities    
Net change in deposits 2,896,894,000 2,754,540,000
Net change in debt facilities (2,427,339,000) 444,106,000
Proceeds from other debt issuances 845,250,000 339,995,000
Repayment of other debt (170,447,000) (147,985,000)
Payment of debt issuance costs (5,020,000) (3,865,000)
Purchase of capped calls (90,649,000) 0
Unwind of capped calls 10,180,000 0
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of share-based awards (3,760,000) (2,416,000)
Proceeds from stock option exercises 466,000 168,000
Finance lease principal payments (130,000) (125,000)
Net cash provided by financing activities 1,055,445,000 3,384,418,000
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents (179,000) (293,000)
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 532,330,000 1,131,212,000
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at beginning of period 3,615,578,000 1,846,302,000
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents at end of period 4,147,908,000 2,977,514,000
Reconciliation to amounts on condensed consolidated balance sheets (as of period end)    
Cash and cash equivalents 3,693,390,000 2,487,778,000
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 454,518,000 489,736,000
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 4,147,908,000 2,977,514,000
Supplemental non-cash investing and financing activities    
Extinguishment of convertible notes by issuance of common stock 593,910,000 0
Deposits credited but not yet received in cash 87,038,000 39,701,000
Share-based compensation capitalized related to internally-developed software $ 8,306,000 $ 6,427,000
v3.24.1.u1
Organization, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and New Accounting Standards
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Organization, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and New Accounting Standards
Note 1. Organization, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and New Accounting Standards
Organization
SoFi is a financial services platform that was founded in 2011 to offer an innovative approach to the private student loan market by providing student loan refinancing options. The Company conducts its business through three reportable segments: Lending, Technology Platform and Financial Services. Since its founding, SoFi has expanded its lending and financial services strategy to offer personal loans, home loans and credit cards. The Company has also developed additional financial products, such as money management and investment product offerings, and has also leveraged its financial services platform to empower other businesses. The Company has continued to expand its product offerings through strategic acquisitions. During 2020, the Company expanded its investment product offerings into Hong Kong through the acquisition of 8 Limited, and also began to operate as a platform as a service for a variety of financial service providers, providing the infrastructure to facilitate core client-facing and back-end capabilities, such as account setup, account funding, direct deposit, authorizations and processing, payments functionality and check account balance features through the acquisition of Galileo. During 2022, the Company became a bank holding company and began operating as SoFi Bank, National Association, through its acquisition of Golden Pacific Bancorp, Inc., and expanded its platform to include a cloud-native digital and core banking platform with customers in Latin America through its acquisition of Technisys, allowing the Company to expand its technology platform services to a broader international market. During 2023, the Company acquired Wyndham Capital Mortgage, a fintech mortgage lender. For additional information on our recent business combinations, see Note 2. Business Combinations. For additional information on our reportable segments, see Note 17. Business Segment Information.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries and certain consolidated VIEs. All intercompany accounts were eliminated in consolidation. The condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with GAAP and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. We condensed or omitted certain notes and other financial information from the interim financial statements presented herein.
These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated statements included in our annual filing on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2024 (“Form 10-K”). In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2024.
In our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows, we reclassified amounts related to fair value changes in residual interests classified as debt into other within the adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities. The prior period amount was recast to conform to the current period presentation. There was no impact to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities.
Use of Judgments, Assumptions and Estimates
The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP requires management to make assumptions and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses as well as the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates and assumptions are inherently subjective in nature; therefore, actual results may differ from our estimates and assumptions, and the differences could be material. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other factors it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. These assumptions and estimates include, but are not limited to, the following: (i) fair value measurements, (ii) business combinations, and (iii) goodwill.
Borrowings and Financing Costs
Convertible Senior Notes
In March 2024, we issued $862.5 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2029 (the “2029 convertible notes”). The 2029 convertible notes will mature on March 15, 2029, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. We will settle conversions by paying or delivering cash, and if applicable, shares of our common stock, based on the applicable conversion rate. The 2029 convertible notes will also be redeemable, in whole or in part, at our option at any time, and from time to time, on or after March 15, 2027 through the 30th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, at a cash redemption price equal to the principal amount of the convertible notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if certain liquidity conditions described in the indenture are satisfied and certain conditions are met with respect to the last reported sale price per share of our common stock prior to conversion. See Note 9. Debt for more detailed disclosure of the term and features of the 2029 convertible notes.
We concluded that the conversion rights, optional redemption rights, and contingent repurchase rights did not require bifurcation as derivative instruments, which we reevaluate each reporting period. The additional interest and special interest that accrue on the notes in the event of our failure to comply with certain registration or reporting requirements are required to be bifurcated from the host contract, as the reporting requirement triggering event is not clearly and closely related to the host convertible debt contract. The value was determined to be immaterial; therefore, we accounted for the 2029 convertible notes wholly as debt, which was recognized on the settlement date. Accordingly, we allocated all debt issuance costs to the debt instrument.
In connection with the pricing of the 2029 convertible notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions with certain financial institutions, as defined and further discussed below.
Capped Call Transactions
In March 2024, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “2029 capped call transactions”) with certain financial institutions (the “capped call counterparties”). The 2029 capped call transactions initially cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the convertible notes. The capped call transactions are net purchased call options on our own common stock. The 2029 capped call transactions are separate transactions entered into by the Company with each of the capped call counterparties, are not part of the terms of the 2029 convertible notes, and do not affect any holder’s rights under the 2029 convertible notes. Holders of the 2029 convertible notes do not have any rights with respect to the 2029 capped call transactions. See Note 10. Equity for additional information.
As the 2029 capped call transactions are legally detachable and separately exercisable from the 2029 convertible notes, they were evaluated as freestanding instruments. We concluded that the 2029 capped call transactions meet the scope exceptions for derivative instruments, and as such, the capped call transactions meet the criteria for classification in equity and are included as a reduction to additional paid-in capital.
Recent Accounting Standards Issued, But Not Yet Adopted
Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) — Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The ASU improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The standard should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. We are currently evaluating the impact of this amendment on our consolidated financial statements.
Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) — Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The ASU improves income tax disclosures primarily related to enhancements of the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The standard should be
applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. We are currently evaluating the impact of this amendment on our consolidated financial statements.
v3.24.1.u1
Business Combinations
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]  
Business Combinations
Note 2. Business Combinations
Acquisition of Wyndham Capital Mortgage
On April 3, 2023, we acquired all of the outstanding equity interests in Wyndham for cash consideration. With the acquisition of Wyndham, a fintech mortgage lender, we broadened our suite of home loan products and now manage the technology for a digitized mortgage experience. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination. The purchase consideration was allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the total purchase consideration over the fair value of the net assets acquired is allocated to goodwill, which is deductible for tax purposes. No adjustments were made to the fair value of the net assets during the year subsequent to the acquisition. The acquisition was not determined to be a significant acquisition.
Acquisition of Technisys S.A.
There were 6,305,595 shares issued in the acquisition of Technisys that were held in escrow. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we released 6,259,736 of the escrow shares. The remaining 45,859 shares continue to be held in escrow pending resolution of outstanding indemnification claims by SoFi.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill as of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $1,393,505. As of March 31, 2024, goodwill attributable to the Lending, Technology Platform and Financial Services reportable segments was $17,688, $1,338,658 and $37,159, respectively. Management does not believe that the goodwill in any of the reporting units is impaired as of March 31, 2024.
v3.24.1.u1
Revenue
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue
Note 3. Revenue
In each of our revenue arrangements, revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customer in an amount that reflects our expected consideration in exchange for those goods or services. Our arrangements are discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, with notable updates provided herein.
Disaggregated Revenue
The table below presents revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by type of service, which best depicts how the revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors, and by the reportable segment to which each revenue stream relates, as well as a reconciliation of total revenue from contracts with customers to total noninterest income. Revenue from contracts with customers is presented within noninterest income—technology products and solutions and noninterest income—other in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). There were no revenues from contracts with customers attributable to our Lending segment for any of the periods presented.
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Financial Services
Referrals
$12,736 $9,626 
Interchange
12,002 7,269 
Brokerage
4,034 4,878 
Other(1)
927 487 
Total financial services
$29,699 $22,260 
Technology Platform(2)
Technology services
84,650 72,129 
Other(1)
1,260 1,093 
Total technology platform
85,910 73,222 
Total revenue from contracts with customers
115,609 95,482 
Other Sources of Revenue
Loan origination, sales, and securitizations57,000 123,334 
Servicing6,974 12,742 
Other62,694 4,590 
Total other sources of revenue
$126,668 $140,666 
Total noninterest income$242,277 $236,148 
_____________________
(1) Financial Services includes revenues from enterprise services and equity capital markets services. Technology Platform includes revenues from software licenses and associated services, and payment network fees for serving as a transaction card program manager for enterprise customers that are the program marketers for separate card programs.
(2) Related to these technology platform services, we had deferred revenue of $5,655 and $5,718 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which are presented within accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. We recognized revenue of $1,300 and $2,340 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, associated with deferred revenue within noninterest income—technology products and solutions in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
Contract Balances
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, accounts receivable, net associated with revenue from contracts with customers was $66,323 and $60,466, respectively, reported within other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
v3.24.1.u1
Loans
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans
Note 4. Loans
As of March 31, 2024, our loan portfolio consisted of (i) loans held for sale, including personal loans and home loans, which are measured at fair value under the fair value option, (ii) loans held for investment, including student loans, which are measured at fair value under the fair value option, and (iii) loans held for investment, including senior secured loans, credit cards, and commercial and consumer banking loans, which are measured at amortized cost. Below is a disaggregated presentation of our loans, inclusive of fair market value adjustments and accrued interest income and net of the allowance for credit losses, as applicable:
March 31,
2024
December 31,
2023
Loans held for sale
Personal loans(1)
$15,057,005 $15,330,573 
Home loans
59,477 66,198 
Total loans held for sale, at fair value15,116,482 15,396,771 
Loans held for investment(2)
Student loans(3)
6,834,161 6,725,484 
Total loans held for investment, at fair value
6,834,161 6,725,484 
Senior secured loans
845,794 446,463 
Credit card
272,931 272,628 
Commercial and consumer banking:
Commercial real estate122,612 106,326 
Commercial and industrial5,522 6,075 
Residential real estate and other consumer3,372 4,667 
Total commercial and consumer banking131,506 117,068 
Total loans held for investment, at amortized cost1,250,231 836,159 
Total loans held for investment
8,084,392 7,561,643 
Total loans
$23,200,874 

$22,958,414 
_____________________
(1) Includes $388,980 and $502,757 of personal loans in consolidated VIEs as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
(2) See Note 5. Allowance for Credit Losses for additional information on our loans at amortized cost as it pertains to the allowance for credit losses.
(3) Includes $2,343,557 and $2,459,103 of student loans covered by financial guarantee, and $158,191 and $221,461 of student loans in consolidated VIEs as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Loans Measured at Fair Value
The following table summarizes the aggregate fair value of our loans, for which we elected the fair value option. See Note 12. Fair Value Measurements for the assumptions used in our fair value model.
Personal Loans
Student Loans
Home Loans
Total
March 31, 2024
Unpaid principal
$14,332,874 $6,559,211 $58,304 $20,950,389 
Accumulated interest
116,366 27,414 22 143,802 
Cumulative fair value adjustments
607,765 247,536 1,151 856,452 
Total fair value of loans(1)
$15,057,005 $6,834,161 $59,477 $21,950,643 
December 31, 2023
Unpaid principal
$14,498,629 $6,445,586 $67,406 $21,011,621 
Accumulated interest
114,541 34,357 92 148,990 
Cumulative fair value adjustments
717,403 245,541 (1,300)961,644 
Total fair value of loans(1)
$15,330,573 $6,725,484 $66,198 $22,122,255 
__________________
(1) Each component of the fair value of loans is impacted by charge-offs during the period. Our fair value assumption for annual default rate incorporates fair value markdowns on loans beginning when they are 10 days or more delinquent, with additional markdowns at 30, 60 and 90 days past due.
The following table summarizes the aggregate fair value of loans 90 days or more delinquent. As delinquent personal loans and student loans are charged off after 120 days of delinquency, amounts presented below represent the fair value of loans that are 90 to 120 days delinquent.
Personal Loans
Student Loans
Home Loans
Total
March 31, 2024
Unpaid principal balance
$102,581 $8,735 $198 $111,514 
Accumulated interest
4,313 184 11 4,508 
Cumulative fair value adjustments(1)
(87,603)(5,397)(99)(93,099)
Fair value of loans 90 days or more delinquent (2)
$19,291 $3,522 $110 $22,923 
December 31, 2023
Unpaid principal balance$81,591 $8,446 $495 $90,532 
Accumulated interest4,023 187 4,216 
Cumulative fair value adjustments(1)
(70,191)(5,021)(248)(75,460)
Fair value of loans 90 days or more delinquent (2)
$15,423 $3,612 $253 $19,288 
__________________
(1) Our fair value assumption for annual default rate incorporates fair value markdowns on loans beginning when they are 10 days or more delinquent, with additional markdowns at 30, 60 and 90 days past due. We record the initial fair value measurement and subsequent measurement changes in fair value in the period in which the changes occur within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As such, the $93.1 million fair value adjustment as of March 31, 2024 has been recorded in noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the respective periods in which 10, 30, 60, and 90 days of delinquency occurred. See our Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of the policies for determining the fair value of our loan portfolios.
(2) The fair value incorporates the expected price to be paid by buyers of these delinquent loans after charge-off occurs, implying that potential recoveries are expected to be in excess of these levels based on consistent demonstrated recoverability after a loan becomes delinquent and gets charged off.
Transfers of Financial Assets
We regularly transfer financial assets and account for such transfers as either sales or secured borrowings depending on the facts and circumstances of the transfer. When a transfer of financial assets qualifies as a sale, in many instances we have continuing involvement as the servicer of those financial assets. As we expect the benefits of servicing to be more than just adequate, we recognize a servicing asset. Further, in the case of securitization-related transfers that qualify as sales, we have additional continuing involvement as an investor, albeit at insignificant levels relative to the expected gains and losses of the securitization. In instances where a transfer is accounted for as a secured borrowing, we perform servicing (but we do not
recognize a servicing asset) and typically maintain a significant investment relative to the expected gains and losses of the securitization. In whole loan sales, we do not have a residual financial interest in the loans, nor do we have any other power over the loans that would constrain us from recognizing a sale. Additionally, we generally have no repurchase requirements related to transfers of personal loans, student loans and non-GSE home loans other than standard origination representations and warranties, for which we record a liability based on expected repurchase obligations. For GSE home loans, we have customary GSE repurchase requirements, which do not constrain sale treatment but result in a liability for the expected repurchase requirement.
The following table summarizes our personal loan securitization transfers qualifying for sale accounting treatment during the three months ended March 31, 2024. There were no loan securitization transfers qualifying for sale accounting treatment during the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2024
Personal loans
Fair value of consideration received:
Cash$674,036 
Securitization investments35,615 
Servicing assets recognized27,524 
Repurchase liabilities recognized(280)
Total consideration736,895 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold701,601 
Gain from loan sales$35,294 
Deconsolidation of debt reflects the impacts of previously consolidated VIEs that became deconsolidated during the period because we no longer hold a significant financial interest in the underlying securitization entity, which can fluctuate from period to period. Gains and losses on deconsolidations are presented within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we had deconsolidation of debt on student loans of $42.1 million. The impact on earnings from this deconsolidation was immaterial. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we did not have any deconsolidations of debt.
The following table summarizes our current whole loan sales:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Personal loans
Fair value of consideration received:
Cash$499,751 $— 
Receivable
3,036 — 
Servicing assets recognized33,549 — 
Repurchase liabilities recognized(1,800)— 
Total consideration
534,536 — 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold
503,037 — 
Realized gain$31,499 $— 
Student loans
Fair value of consideration received:
Cash$310,331 $— 
Servicing assets recognized8,249 — 
Repurchase liabilities recognized(46)— 
Total consideration318,534 — 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold
303,578 — 
Realized gain$14,956 $— 
Home loans
Fair value of consideration received:
Cash$344,678 $77,819 
Servicing assets recognized2,832 954 
Repurchase liabilities recognized(505)(96)
Total consideration
347,005 78,677 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold
344,258 77,976 
Realized gain$2,747 $701 
The following table summarizes our delinquent whole loan sales during the three months ended March 31, 2024. There were no delinquent whole loan sales during the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Three Months Ended March 31,
2024
Personal loans
Fair value of consideration received:
Cash$5,000 
Servicing assets recognized
3,400 
Repurchase liabilities recognized(25)
Total consideration
8,375 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold(1)
66,411 
Realized loss$(58,036)
__________________
(1) Includes $62.5 million of aggregate unpaid principal balance sold, related to late-stage delinquent loans for which we retained servicing and portions of recoveries. $43.2 million of the $62.5 million of unpaid principal balance was recorded in prior periods as a write down in noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). These loans were sold prior to charge-off during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and otherwise would have been charged off as of March 31, 2024 consistent with our policy. In our other charged off whole loan sales, we typically do not retain servicing or recoveries.
For certain transferred loans that qualified for sale accounting and are, therefore, off-balance sheet, we have continuing involvement through our servicing agreements. For such loans, our exposure to loss is generally limited to the extent we would be required to repurchase such a loan due to a breach of representations and warranties associated with the loan transfer or servicing contract.
The following table presents information about the unpaid principal balances of loans originated by us and subsequently transferred, but with which we have continuing involvement:
Personal Loans
Student Loans
Home Loans
Total
March 31, 2024
Loans in delinquency (30+ days past due)
$52,858 $57,556 $26,017 $136,431 
Total loans in delinquency87,313 126,247 26,017 239,577 
Total transferred loans serviced(1)
3,019,629 6,117,247 5,746,580 14,883,456 
December 31, 2023
Loans in delinquency (30+ days past due)
$52,813 $60,989 $24,193 $137,995 
Total loans in delinquency
90,582 137,243 24,193 252,018 
Total transferred loans serviced(1)
2,223,785 6,148,800 5,592,793 13,965,378 
_____________________
(1)Total transferred loans serviced includes loans in delinquency, as well as loans in repayment, loans in-school/grace period/deferment (related to student loans), and loans in forbearance. The vast majority of total transferred loans serviced represent loans in repayment as of the dates indicated.
The following table presents additional information about the servicing cash flows received and net charge-offs related to loans originated by us and subsequently transferred, but with which we have a continuing involvement:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Personal loans
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans
$9,445 $6,177 
Charge-offs, net of recoveries, of transferred loans
85,333 46,115 
Student loans
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans
6,146 9,190 
Charge-offs, net of recoveries, of transferred loans
10,853 9,153 
Home loans
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans
4,039 3,160 
Total
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans
$19,630 $18,527 
Charge-offs, net of recoveries, of transferred loans
96,186 55,268 
Loans Measured at Amortized Cost
Loan Portfolio Composition and Aging
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of our credit card and commercial and consumer banking portfolios (excluding accrued interest and before the allowance for credit losses) by either current status or delinquency status:
Delinquent Loans
Current30–59 Days60–89 Days
≥ 90 Days(1)
Total Delinquent Loans
Total Loans(2)
March 31, 2024
Senior secured loans
$844,502 $— $— $— $— $844,502 
Credit card296,182 4,637 4,274 11,878 20,789 316,971 
Commercial and consumer banking:
Commercial real estate123,945 134 — — 134 124,079 
Commercial and industrial5,022 87 244 433 764 5,786 
Residential real estate and other consumer(3)
3,383 — — — — 3,383 
Total commercial and consumer banking132,350 221 244 433 898 133,248 
Total loans
$1,273,034 $4,858 $4,518 $12,311 $21,687 $1,294,721 
December 31, 2023
Senior secured loans
$445,733 $— $— $— $— $445,733 
Credit card297,612 5,451 4,829 11,802 22,082 319,694 
Commercial and consumer banking:
Commercial real estate107,757 — — — — 107,757 
Commercial and industrial6,108 — 439 440 6,548 
Residential real estate and other consumer(3)
4,658 — — — — 4,658 
Total commercial and consumer banking118,523 — 439 440 118,963 
Total loans$861,868 $5,452 $4,829 $12,241 $22,522 $884,390 
______________
(1)All of the credit cards ≥ 90 days past due continued to accrue interest. As of the dates indicated, there were no credit cards on nonaccrual status. As of the dates indicated, commercial and consumer banking loans on nonaccrual status were immaterial.
(2)For credit card, the balance is presented before allowance for credit losses of $49,092 and $52,385 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and accrued interest of $4,937 and $5,288, respectively. For senior secured loans, the balance is presented before accrued interest of $1,292 and $730 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. For commercial and consumer banking, the balance is presented before allowance for credit losses of $2,221 and $2,310 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and accrued interest of $479 and $415, respectively.
(3)Includes residential real estate loans originated by Golden Pacific for which we did not elect the fair value option.
Credit Quality Indicators
Credit Card
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of our credit card portfolio (excluding accrued interest and before the allowance for credit losses) based on FICO scores, which are obtained at origination of the account and are refreshed monthly thereafter. The pools estimate the likelihood of borrowers with similar FICO scores to pay credit obligations based on aggregate credit performance data.
FICOMarch 31, 2024December 31, 2023
≥ 800$29,918 $29,269 
780 – 79919,954 19,350 
760 – 77921,414 20,740 
740 – 75923,084 23,361 
720 – 73928,157 28,621 
700 – 71934,469 35,528 
680 – 69937,492 38,289 
660 – 67933,366 35,443 
640 – 65923,624 25,836 
620 – 63915,007 15,569 
600 – 61910,004 10,063 
≤ 59940,482 37,625 
Total credit card$316,971 $319,694 
Commercial and Consumer Banking
We analyze loans in our commercial and consumer banking portfolio by classification based on their associated credit risk, and perform an analysis on an ongoing basis as new information is obtained. Risk rating classifications are further described below. Loans with a lower expectation of credit losses are classified as Pass, while loans with a higher expectation of credit losses are classified as Substandard.
Pass Loans that management believes will fully repay in accordance with the contractual loan terms.
WatchLoans that management believes will fully repay in accordance with the contractual loan terms, but for which certain credit attributes have changed from origination and warrant further monitoring.
Special mention Loans with a potential weakness or weaknesses that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, the potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or our credit position at some future date.
SubstandardLoans that are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the full repayment. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of our commercial and consumer banking portfolio (excluding accrued interest and before the allowance for credit losses) by origination year and credit quality indicator:
Term Loans by Origination Year
March 31, 202420242023202220212020PriorTotal Term LoansRevolving Loans
Commercial real estate
Pass$18,589 $23,293 $29,593 $5,606 $4,524 $25,781 $107,386 $183 
Watch— 1,229 8,653 1,639 — 2,939 14,460 — 
Special mention— — — — — 523 523 — 
Substandard— — — — — 1,527 1,527 — 
Total commercial real estate18,589 24,522 38,246 7,245 4,524 30,770 123,896 183 
Commercial and industrial
Pass— 51 — — 59 4,268 4,378 530 
Watch— 44 — — — 17 61 — 
Substandard— — — — — 817 817 — 
Total commercial and industrial— 95 — — 59 5,102 5,256 530 
Residential real estate and other consumer
Pass— — — — — 3,111 3,111 233 
Watch— — — — — 39 39 — 
Total residential real estate and other consumer— — — — — 3,150 3,150 233 
Total commercial and consumer banking
$18,589 $24,617 $38,246 $7,245 $4,583 $39,022 $132,302 $946 
v3.24.1.u1
Allowance for Credit Losses
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Allowance for Credit Losses
Note 5. Allowance for Credit Losses
Our allowance for credit losses represents our current estimate of expected credit losses over the remaining contractual life of certain financial assets, including credit cards as well as commercial and consumer banking loans acquired in the Bank Merger, which relate to our Financial Services segment, and accounts receivables primarily related to our Technology Platform segment. Given our methods of collecting funds on servicing receivables, our historical experience of infrequent write offs, and that we have not observed meaningful changes in our counterparties’ abilities to pay, we determined that the future exposure to credit losses on servicing related receivables was immaterial. See our Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of the methodology and policies for determining our allowance for credit losses for each of our loan portfolios.
The following table presents changes in our allowance for credit losses:
Credit Card(1)
Commercial and Consumer Banking(1)
Accounts Receivable(1)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Balance at December 31, 2023
$52,385 $2,310 $1,837 
Provision for credit losses(2)
7,253 (71)2,411 
Write-offs charged against the allowance
(10,546)(18)(2,139)
Balance at March 31, 2024
$49,092 $2,221 $2,109 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Balance at December 31, 2022
$39,110 $1,678 $2,785 
Provision for credit losses(2)
8,237 170 (854)
Write-offs charged against the allowance
(10,258)— (286)
Balance at March 31, 2023
$37,089 $1,848 $1,645 
_____________________
(1)Credit cards and commercial and consumer banking loans measured at amortized cost, net of allowance for credit losses, are presented within loans held for investment, at amortized cost in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Accounts receivable balances, net of allowance for credit losses, are presented within other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)The provision for credit losses on credit cards and commercial and consumer banking loans is presented within noninterest expense—provision for credit losses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). During the three months ended March 31, 2024, recoveries of amounts previously reserved related to credit cards were $1,083, and immaterial during the three months ended March 31, 2023. There were immaterial recoveries of amounts previously reserved related to commercial and consumer banking loans during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The provision for credit losses on accounts receivable is presented within noninterest expense—general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, recoveries of amounts previously reserved related to accounts receivable were $497 and $1,161, respectively.
Credit card: Accrued interest receivables written off by reversing interest income were $2.5 million and $2.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
v3.24.1.u1
Investments Securities
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investments Securities
Note 6. Investment Securities
Investments in AFS Debt Securities
The following table presents our investments in AFS debt securities:
Amortized CostAccrued InterestGross Unrealized Gains
Gross Unrealized Losses(1)
Fair Value
March 31, 2024
U.S. Treasury securities$465,759 $279 $37 $(584)$465,491 
Corporate bonds23,692 153 (911)22,935 
Agency mortgage-backed securities345,451 1,039 269 (1,455)345,304 
Other asset-backed securities4,092 — (92)4,001 
Other(2)
942 — (171)775 
Total investments in AFS debt securities$839,936 $1,476 $307 $(3,213)$838,506 
December 31, 2023
U.S. Treasury securities$518,673 $206 $978 $(780)$519,077 
Multinational securities(3)
8,548 103 — (17)8,634 
Corporate bonds32,609 207 — (1,092)31,724 
Agency mortgage-backed securities28,714 111 33 (1,016)27,842 
Other asset-backed securities7,272 — (154)7,122 
Other(2)
941 — (161)788 
Total investments in AFS debt securities$596,757 $639 $1,011 $(3,220)$595,187 
_____________________
(1) As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we concluded that there was no credit loss attributable to securities in unrealized loss positions, as (i) 97% and 92% of the amortized cost basis of our investments as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, was composed of U.S. Treasury securities and agency mortgage-backed securities, which are of high credit quality and have no risk of credit-related impairment due to the nature of the counterparties and history of no credit losses, and (ii) we have not identified factors indicating credit-related impairment for the remaining investments and expect that the contractual principal and interest payments will be received. Additionally, we do not intend to sell the securities in loss positions nor is it more likely than not that we will be required to sell the securities prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis.
(2) Includes state municipal bond securities.
(3) Includes supranational bonds.
The following table presents information about our investments in AFS debt securities with gross unrealized losses and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
Less than 12 Months12 Months or LongerTotal
Fair ValueGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueGross Unrealized Losses
March 31, 2024
U.S. Treasury securities$337,363 $(97)$29,502 $(487)$366,865 $(584)
Corporate bonds— — 22,425 (911)22,425 (911)
Agency mortgage-backed securities262,792 (563)6,680 (892)269,472 (1,455)
Other asset-backed securities— — 4,001 (92)4,001 (92)
Other— — 775 (171)775 (171)
Total investments in AFS debt securities$600,155 $(660)$63,383 $(2,553)$663,538 $(3,213)
December 31, 2023
U.S. Treasury securities$480,012 $(58)$39,065 $(722)$519,077 $(780)
Multinational securities— — 8,634 (17)8,634 (17)
Corporate bonds— — 31,724 (1,092)31,724 (1,092)
Agency mortgage-backed securities20,930 (157)6,912 (859)27,842 (1,016)
Other asset-backed securities— — 7,122 (154)7,122 (154)
Other— — 788 (161)788 (161)
Total investments in AFS debt securities$500,942 $(215)$94,245 $(3,005)$595,187 $(3,220)
The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of our investments in AFS debt securities by contractual maturity:
Due Within One YearDue After One Year Through Five YearsDue After Five Years Through Ten YearsDue After Ten YearsTotal
March 31, 2024
Investments in AFS debt securities—Amortized cost:
U.S. Treasury securities$459,383 $6,376 $— $— $465,759 
Corporate bonds10,965 9,429 3,298 — 23,692 
Agency mortgage-backed securities— 122 10,721 334,608 345,451 
Other asset-backed securities— 4,092 — — 4,092 
Other— — — 942 942 
Total investments in AFS debt securities$470,348 $20,019 $14,019 $335,550 $839,936 
Weighted average yield for investments in AFS debt securities(1)
6.14 %1.33 %1.47 %2.80 %5.11 %
Investments in AFS debt securities—Fair value(2):
U.S. Treasury securities$459,077 $6,135 $— $— $465,212 
Corporate bonds10,781 9,079 2,922 — 22,782 
Agency mortgage-backed securities— 115 10,555 333,595 344,265 
Other asset-backed securities— 4,000 — — 4,000 
Other— — — 771 771 
Total investments in AFS debt securities$469,858 $19,329 $13,477 $334,366 $837,030 
_____________________
(1) The weighted average yield represents the effective yield for the investment securities owned at the end of the period and is computed based on the amortized cost of each security.
(2) Presentation of fair values of our investments in AFS debt securities by contractual maturity excludes total accrued interest of $1,476 as of March 31, 2024.
Gross realized gains and losses on our investments in AFS debt securities were immaterial during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and were $3,356 and $509, respectively, during the three months ended March 31, 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no transfers between classifications of our investments in AFS debt securities. See Note 10. Equity for unrealized gains and losses on our investments in AFS debt securities and amounts reclassified out of AOCI.
Securitization Investments
The following table presents the aggregate outstanding value of asset-backed bonds and residual interests owned by the Company in nonconsolidated VIEs, which are presented within investment securities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
March 31,
2024
December 31,
2023
Personal loans
$58,752 $27,247 
Student loans
75,840 79,501 
Securitization investments
$134,592 $106,748 
v3.24.1.u1
Securitization and Variable Interest Entities
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Securitization and Variable Interest Entities
Note 7. Securitization and Variable Interest Entities
Consolidated VIEs
We consolidate certain securitization trusts in which we have a variable interest and are deemed to be the primary beneficiary.
The VIEs are SPEs with portfolio loans securing debt obligations. The SPEs were created and designed to transfer credit and interest rate risk associated with consumer loans through the issuance of collateralized notes and trust certificates. We make standard representations and warranties to repurchase or replace qualified portfolio loans. Aside from these representations, the holders of the asset-backed debt obligations have no recourse to the Company if the cash flows from the underlying portfolio loans securing such debt obligations are not sufficient to pay all principal and interest on the asset-backed debt obligations. We hold a significant interest in these financing transactions through our ownership of a portion of the residual interest in certain VIEs. In addition, in some cases, we invest in the debt obligations issued by the VIE. Our investments in consolidated VIEs eliminate in consolidation. The residual interest is the first VIE interest to absorb losses should the loans securing the debt obligations not provide adequate cash flows to satisfy more senior claims and is the interest that we expect to absorb the expected gains and losses of the VIE. Our exposure to credit risk in sponsoring SPEs is limited to our investment in the VIE. VIE creditors have no recourse against our general credit.
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had five and six consolidated VIEs, respectively, on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we exercised a securitization clean up call related to one consolidated VIE. The assets of consolidated VIEs that were included in our condensed consolidated balance sheets may only be used to settle obligations of consolidated VIEs and were in excess of those obligations as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Intercompany balances are eliminated upon consolidation.
Nonconsolidated VIEs
We have created and designed personal loan and student loan trusts to transfer associated credit and interest rate risk associated with the loans through the issuance of collateralized notes and residual certificates. We have a variable interest in the nonconsolidated loan trusts, as we own collateralized notes and residual certificates in the loan trusts that absorb variability. We also have continuing, non-controlling involvement with the trusts as the servicer. As servicer, we may have the power to perform the activities which most impact the economic performance of the VIE, but since either we hold an insignificant financial interest in the trusts or rights held by other variable interest holders convey power, we are not the primary beneficiary. This financial interest represents the equity ownership interest in the loan trusts, wherein there is an obligation to absorb losses
and the right to receive benefits from residual certificate ownership. The maximum exposure to loss as a result of our involvement with the nonconsolidated VIEs is limited to our investment. We did not provide financial support to any nonconsolidated VIEs beyond our initial equity investment. There are no liquidity arrangements, guarantees or other commitments by third parties that may affect the fair value or risk of our variable interests in nonconsolidated VIEs.
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had investments in 24 and 22 nonconsolidated VIEs, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we established two nonconsolidated trusts.
v3.24.1.u1
Deposits
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Deposits [Abstract]  
Deposits
Note 8. Deposits
We offer deposit accounts (referred to as “checking and savings” accounts within SoFi Money) to our members through SoFi Bank, which include interest-bearing deposits and noninterest-bearing deposits.
The following table presents a detail of interest-bearing deposits:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Savings deposits$16,583,020 $12,902,033 
Demand deposits(1)
2,480,456 2,663,335 
Time deposits(1)(2)
2,486,661 3,003,625 
Total interest-bearing deposits $21,550,137 $18,568,993 
_____________________
(1) As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, includes brokered deposits of $2,644,040 and $3,160,414, respectively, of which $2,447,328 and $2,971,462, respectively, are time deposits and $196,712 and $188,952, respectively, are demand deposits.
(2) As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the amount of time deposits that exceeded the insured limit (referred to as “uninsured deposits”) totaled $15,767 and $21,268, respectively.
As of March 31, 2024, future maturities of our total time deposits were as follows:
Remainder of 2024$1,899,335 
2025585,066 
20262,009 
2027— 
2028251 
Thereafter— 
Total$2,486,661 
v3.24.1.u1
Debt
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Debt
Note 9. Debt
The following table summarizes the components of our debt:
March 31, 2024

December 31, 2023
Borrowing Description
Total Collateral(1)
Stated Interest Rate(2)
Termination/Maturity(3)
Total Capacity
Total Outstanding(4)
Total Outstanding
Debt Facilities






Personal loan warehouse facilities

$354,851 

5.47% – 7.23%

June 2024 – October 2026

$4,625,000 

$296,921 

$1,077,444 
Student loan warehouse facilities

517,928 

6.09% – 7.48%

April 2024 – January 2027

3,945,000 

455,328 

2,095,046 
Risk retention warehouse facilities(5)

60,787 

6.84% – 8.69%

November 2024 – October 2027

100,000 

59,941 

67,038 
Revolving credit facility(6)


6.93%

April 2028

645,000 

486,000 

486,000 
Other Debt












Convertible senior notes, due 2026(7)



—%

October 2026



511,972 

1,111,972 
Convertible senior notes, due 2029(8)



1.25%

March 2029



862,500 

— 
Other financing(9)

169,929 



201,032 

— 

— 
Securitizations







Personal loan securitizations

384,246 

1.30% – 6.21%

September 2030 – May 2031


125,990 

239,340 
Student loan securitizations

152,387 

3.09% – 4.21%

July 2040 – August 2048


130,413 

182,744 
Total, before unamortized debt issuance costs, premiums and discounts





$2,929,065 

$5,259,584 
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs, premiums and discounts





(37,748)

(26,168)
Total debt





$2,891,317 

$5,233,416 
_________________
(1)As of March 31, 2024, represents the total of the unpaid principal balances within each debt category, with the exception of the risk retention warehouse facilities, which include securitization-related investments carried at fair value. In addition, certain securitization interests that eliminate in consolidation are pledged to risk retention warehouse facilities. Collateral balances relative to debt balances may vary period to period due to the timing of the next scheduled payment to the warehouse facility.
(2)For variable-rate debt, the ranges of stated interest rates are based on the interest rates in effect as of March 31, 2024. The interest on our variable-rate debt is typically designed as a reference rate plus a spread. Reference rates as of March 31, 2024 included overnight SOFR, one-month SOFR and commercial paper rates determined by the facility lenders. As debt arrangements are renewed, the reference rate and/or spread are subject to change. Unused commitment fees ranging from 0 to 65 bps on our various warehouse facilities are recognized within noninterest expense—general and administrative in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(3)For securitization debt, the maturity of the notes issued by the various trusts occurs upon either the maturity of the loan collateral or full payment of the loan collateral held in the trusts. Our maturity date represents the legal maturity of the last class of maturing notes. Securitization debt matures as loan collateral payments are made.
(4)There were $17.3 million of debt discounts issued during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
(5)For risk retention warehouse facilities, we only state capacity amounts for facilities wherein we can pledge additional asset-backed bonds and residual investments as of the balance sheet date.
(6)As of March 31, 2024, $13.1 million of the revolving credit facility total capacity was not available for general borrowing purposes because it was utilized to secure letters of credit. Refer to our letter of credit disclosures in Note 15. Commitments, Guarantees, Concentrations and Contingencies for more details. Additionally, the interest rate presented is the interest rate on standard withdrawals on our revolving credit facility, while same-day withdrawals incur interest based on the prime rate.
(7)The original issue discount and debt issuance costs related to the convertible senior notes due 2026 are amortized into interest expense—corporate borrowings in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the notes. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, total interest expense on the convertible notes was $1.2 million and $1.3 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, interest expense was related to amortization of debt discount and issuance costs, and the effective interest rate was 0.92% and 0.42%, respectively. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, unamortized debt discount and issuance costs were $5.7 million and $13.3 million, respectively, and the net carrying amount was $506.3 million and $1.1 billion, respectively.
(8)The original issue discount and debt issuance costs related to the convertible senior notes due 2029 are amortized into interest expense—corporate borrowings in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the notes. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, total interest expense on the convertible notes was $1.0 million and the effective interest rate was 1.37%. As of March 31, 2024, unamortized debt discount and issuance costs were $21.5 million, and the net carrying amount was $841.0 million.
(9)Includes $54.3 million of loans and $115.7 million of investment securities pledged as collateral to secure $151.0 million of available borrowing capacity with the FHLB, of which $27.2 million was not available as it was utilized to secure letters of credit. Refer to our letter of credit disclosures in Note 15. Commitments, Guarantees, Concentrations and Contingencies for more details. Also includes unsecured available borrowing capacity of $50.0 million with correspondent banks.
Convertible Senior Notes
Convertible Senior Notes, Due 2026
In October 2021, we issued $1.2 billion aggregate principal amount of convertible notes, pursuant to an indenture, dated October 4, 2021, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (“2026 convertible notes”). The 2026 convertible notes are unsecured, unsubordinated obligations. The 2026 convertible notes do not bear regular interest. The 2026 convertible notes will mature on October 15, 2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted.
In December 2023, the Company entered into separate, privately negotiated repurchase agreements with a limited number of holders of the 2026 convertible notes to repurchase $88.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 convertible notes, which were settled through the issuance of 9,490,000 shares of common stock. In March 2024, the Company entered into separate, privately negotiated repurchase agreements with a limited number of holders of the 2026 convertible notes to repurchase $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 convertible notes, which were settled through the issuance of 72,621,879 shares of common stock. Following these repurchases, $512.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 convertible notes remain outstanding. These transactions were determined to be an extinguishment of debt.
The difference between the consideration used to repurchase the convertible notes and the carrying value of the convertible notes, less retirement of discount and issuance costs, resulted in a gain on extinguishment of $59.2 million recorded within noninterest income—other in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
We used a portion of the net proceeds from the October 2021 offering to fund the cost of entering into the 2026 capped call transactions. In connection with the March 2024 repurchase agreements, the Company entered into unwind agreements to terminate a portion of the 2026 capped call transactions. Refer to Note 10. Equity for additional detail.
As of March 31, 2024, the 2026 convertible notes are potentially convertible into 22,841,631 shares of common stock.
Convertible Senior Notes, Due 2029
In March 2024, we issued $862.5 million aggregate principal amount of convertible notes, pursuant to an indenture, dated March 8, 2024, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (“2029 convertible notes”). The 2029 convertible notes are unsecured, unsubordinated obligations. The 2029 convertible notes will pay interest at a rate of 1.25%, payable semi-annually beginning in September 2024. The 2029 convertible notes will mature on March 15, 2029, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted.
The net proceeds from the offering were $845.3 million, after deducting the 2% initial purchasers’ discount of $17.3 million, and before the cost of the 2029 capped call transactions, as described below, and offering expenses payable by the Company. The debt issuance costs of $4.6 million included third-party legal and accounting fees. The original issue discount and debt issuance costs are amortized into interest expense—corporate borrowings in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the 2029 convertible notes.
We used a portion of the net proceeds from the March 2024 offering to fund the cost of entering into 2029 capped call transactions, as described in Note 10. Equity. The remainder of the net proceeds from the offering, together with cash on hand, were used (i) to pay expenses relating to this offering, (ii) to redeem Series 1 Preferred Stock and (iii) for general corporate purposes.
Conversion
The 2029 convertible notes are convertible by the noteholders prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding September 15, 2028 if certain conditions related to the Company’s share price are met, upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions of the Company’s stock, or the Company calls the notes for redemption,
each as set forth in the indenture. On and after September 15, 2028 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, the 2029 convertible notes are freely convertible by the noteholders. The conversion rate is 105.8089 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2029 convertible notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $9.45 per share of our common stock.
Settlement
We will settle conversions of the 2029 convertible notes by paying or delivering, cash, and if applicable, shares of our common stock for the amount in excess of the cash redemption price, based on the applicable conversion rate. Consideration due upon conversion will be determined over an observation period consisting of 30 “VWAP Trading Days” (as defined in the indenture). The conversion rate and conversion price will be subject to customary adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events. In addition, if certain corporate events that constitute a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” (as defined in the indenture) occur, then the conversion rate will, in certain circumstances, be increased for a specified period of time.
Redemption
The 2029 convertible notes will also be redeemable, in whole or in part, at our option at any time, and from time to time, on or after March 15, 2027 through the 30th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, at a cash redemption price equal to the principal amount of the 2029 convertible notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if certain liquidity conditions described in the indenture are satisfied and certain conditions are met with respect to the last reported sale price per share of our common stock prior to conversion. In addition, calling any note for redemption will also constitute a Make-Whole Fundamental Change with respect to that 2029 convertible note, in which case the conversion rate applicable to the conversion of that 2029 convertible note will be increased in certain circumstances if it is converted after it is called for redemption.
See Note 1. Organization, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and New Accounting Standards for our accounting policy as it relates to the convertible notes.
Material Changes to Debt Arrangements
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we closed two warehouse facilities which had an aggregate maximum available capacity of $400.0 million, and closed one risk retention warehouse facility. We did not open any warehouse facilities.
Our warehouse and securitization debt is secured by a continuing lien and security interest in the loans financed by the proceeds. Within each of our debt facilities, we must comply with certain operating and financial covenants. These financial covenants include, but are not limited to, maintaining: (i) a certain minimum tangible net worth, (ii) minimum unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, (iii) a maximum leverage ratio of total debt to tangible net worth, and (iv) minimum risk-based capital and leverage ratios. Our debt covenants can lead to restricted cash classifications in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Our subsidiaries are restricted in the amount that can be distributed to the parent company only to the extent that such distributions would cause the financial covenants to not be met. We were in compliance with all financial covenants.
We act as a guarantor for our wholly-owned subsidiaries in several arrangements in the case of default. As of March 31, 2024, we have not identified any risks of nonpayment by our wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Maturities of Borrowings
Future maturities of our outstanding debt with scheduled payments, which included our revolving credit facility and convertible notes, were as follows:
March 31, 2024
Remainder of 2024$— 
2025— 
2026511,972 
2027— 
2028486,000 
Thereafter862,500 
Total$1,860,472 
v3.24.1.u1
Equity
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]  
Equity
Note 10. Equity
Temporary Equity
Pursuant to SoFi Technologies’ Certificate of Incorporation dated May 28, 2021, the Company is authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock having a par value of $0.0001 per share (“SoFi Technologies Preferred Stock”) and 100,000,000 shares of redeemable preferred stock having a par value of $0.0000025 per share (“SoFi Technologies Redeemable Preferred Stock”). The Company’s Board of Directors has the authority to issue SoFi Technologies Preferred Stock and SoFi Technologies Redeemable Preferred Stock and to determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, of those shares. The authorized shares of SoFi Technologies Redeemable Preferred Stock is inclusive of 4,500,000 shares of Series 1 redeemable preferred stock (“Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock”), which reflect the conversion on a one-for-one basis of shares of Social Finance Series 1 preferred stock in conjunction with the Business Combination. Shares of SoFi Technologies Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock that are redeemed, purchased or otherwise acquired by the Company will be canceled and may not be reissued by the Company. The Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock remains classified as temporary equity because the Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock is not fully controlled by the issuer, SoFi Technologies.
As of March 31, 2024, there were 3,234,000 shares of Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, which had an original issuance price of $100.00. See Note 18. Subsequent Events for additional information.
Dividends
During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Series 1 preferred stockholders were entitled to dividends of $10,079 and $9,968, respectively. Dividends payable were $10,079 as of March 31, 2024. There were no dividends payable as of December 31, 2023.
Permanent Equity
On June 1, 2021, the Company’s common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol “SOFI”. Pursuant to SoFi Technologies’ Certificate of Incorporation, the Company is authorized to issue 3,000,000,000 shares of common stock, with a par value of $0.0001 per share, and 100,000,000 shares of non-voting common stock, with a par value of $0.0001 per share. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had 1,056,491,365 shares of common stock and no shares of non-voting common stock issued and outstanding.
The Company reserved the following common stock for future issuance:
March 31,
2024
December 31,
2023
Outstanding stock options, restricted stock units and performance stock units
105,777,283 99,016,409 
Outstanding common stock warrants12,170,990 12,170,990 
Conversion of convertible notes(1)
22,841,631 49,610,631 
Possible future issuance under stock plans
78,309,380 45,384,011 
Total common stock reserved for future issuance
219,099,284 206,182,041 
____________________
(1)Represents the number of common stock issuable upon conversion of all convertible notes at the conversion rate in effect at the balance sheet date. As of March 31, 2024, the 2026 convertible notes are potentially convertible into 22,841,631 shares of common stock, and there are no shares of common stock expected to be issued relating to the 2029 convertible notes, as there was no amount in excess of the expected cash redemption price which would require share settlement. See Note 9. Debt for additional information.
Dividends
Common stockholders and non-voting common stockholders are entitled to dividends when and if declared by the Board of Directors and subject to government regulation over banks and bank holding companies. There were no dividends declared or paid to common stockholders during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
Capped Call Transactions
Capped Call Transactions, Due 2026
During 2021, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (“2026 capped call transactions”) for a total cost of $113.8 million. In connection with the March 2024 repurchase agreements of a portion of 2026 convertible notes, the Company entered into unwind agreements to terminate a portion of the 2026 capped call transactions up to the notional amount corresponding to the amount of 2026 convertible notes exchanged of $600.0 million.
The 2026 capped call transactions initially cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the 2026 convertible notes. The 2026 capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilutive effect on the common stock upon any conversion of 2026 convertible notes and/or offset any potential cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted 2026 convertible notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap, subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the 2026 capped call transactions. The 2026 capped call transactions allow the Company to purchase shares of our common stock at a strike price equal to the initial conversion price of approximately $22.41 per share, and are subject to a cap of $32.02 per share, subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the 2026 capped call transactions. 2026 capped call transactions are subject to automatic exercise if they are in-the-money as of certain expiration dates during September and October 2026. Settlement is subject to acceleration pursuant to the occurrence of certain corporate events, as well as postponement no later than January 12, 2027.
Capped Call Transactions, Due 2029
During 2024, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (“2029 capped call transactions”) for a total cost of $90.6 million. The 2029 capped call transactions initially cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the 2029 convertible notes. The 2029 capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilutive effect on the common stock upon any conversion of 2029 convertible notes and/or offset any potential cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted 2029 convertible notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap, subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the 2029 capped call transactions. The 2029 capped call transactions allow the Company to purchase shares of our common stock at a strike price equal to the initial conversion price of approximately $9.45 per share, and are subject to a cap of $14.54 per share, subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the 2029 capped call transactions. 2029 capped call transactions are subject to automatic exercise if they are in-the-money as of certain expiration dates during 2029. Settlement is subject to acceleration pursuant to the occurrence of certain corporate events, as well as postponement no later than June 6, 2029.
See Note 1. Organization, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and New Accounting Standards for our accounting policy as it relates to our capped call transactions.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
AOCI primarily consists of accumulated net unrealized gains or losses associated with our investments in AFS debt securities and foreign currency translation adjustments. The following table presents the rollforward of AOCI, inclusive of the changes in the components of other comprehensive income (loss):
AFS Debt SecuritiesForeign Currency Translation AdjustmentsTotal
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
AOCI, beginning balance$(2,201)$992 $(1,209)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications(1)
(700)(179)(879)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI into earnings— — — 
Net current-period other comprehensive loss(2)
(700)(179)(879)
AOCI, ending balance$(2,901)$813 $(2,088)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
AOCI, beginning balance$(8,611)$315 $(8,296)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(1)
2,076 (293)1,783 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI into earnings172 — 172 
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)(2)
2,248 (293)1,955 
AOCI, ending balance$(6,363)$22 $(6,341)
____________________
(1)Gross realized gains and losses from sales of our investments in AFS debt securities that were reclassified from AOCI to earnings are recorded within noninterest income—other in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). There were no reclassifications related to foreign currency translation adjustments during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
(2)There were no material tax impacts during any of the periods presented due to reserves against deferred tax assets in jurisdictions where other comprehensive loss activity was generated.
v3.24.1.u1
Derivative Financial Instruments
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Financial Instruments
Note 11. Derivative Financial Instruments
The following table presents the gains (losses) recognized on our derivative instruments:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Interest rate swaps(1)
$201,285 $(28,456)
Interest rate caps(1)
(2,283)(1,695)
Home loan pipeline hedges(1)
856 (1,077)
Derivative contracts to manage future loan sale execution risk199,858 (31,228)
Interest rate swaps(2)
6,063 (1,108)
IRLCs(1)
281 418 
Interest rate caps(1)
2,290 1,771 
Purchase price earn-out(1)(3)
— 
Third party warrants(4)
— 24 
Total
$208,492 $(30,114)
_____________________
(1) Recorded within noninterest income—loan origination. sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(2) Represents derivative contracts to manage securitization investment interest rate risk, which are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(3) In conjunction with a loan sale agreement, we are entitled to receive payments from the buyer of the loans underlying the agreement if the internal rate of return (as defined in the loan sale agreement) on such loans exceeds a specified hurdle, subject to a dollar cap.
(4) Includes amounts recorded within noninterest income—other, noninterest expense—cost of operations and noninterest expense—general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), the latter of which represents the amortization of a deferred liability recognized at the initial fair value of the third party warrants acquired, as we are also a customer of the third party.
Certain derivative instruments are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements. Accordingly, we present our net asset or liability position by counterparty in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, since our cash collateral balances do not approximate the fair value of the derivative position, we do not offset our right to reclaim cash collateral or obligation to return cash collateral against recognized derivative assets or liabilities. The following table presents information about derivative instruments subject to enforceable master netting arrangements:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Gross Derivative AssetsGross Derivative LiabilitiesGross Derivative AssetsGross Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate swaps$1,517 $(4,487)$2,208 $(1,347)
Interest rate caps— (986)— (3,276)
Home loan pipeline hedges20 (470)(1,328)
Total, gross1,537 (5,943)2,209 (5,951)
Derivative netting(1,537)1,537 (1,347)1,347 
Total, net(1)
$— $(4,406)$862 $(4,604)
_____________________
(1) As of March 31, 2024, we had a cash collateral requirement related to these instruments of $2,970. We did not have a cash collateral requirement related to these instruments as of December 31, 2023.
The following table presents the notional amount of derivative contracts outstanding:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Derivative contracts to manage future loan sale execution risk:
Interest rate swaps$12,230,700 $12,491,000 
Interest rate caps405,000 405,000 
Home loan pipeline hedges241,000 226,000 
Interest rate caps(1)
405,000 405,000 
Interest rate swaps(2)
79,300 84,000 
IRLCs(3)
169,759 126,388 
Total
$13,530,759 $13,737,388 
_____________________
(1) We sold an interest rate cap that was subject to master netting to offset an interest rate cap purchase made in conjunction with a contract to manage future loan sale execution risk.
(2) Represents interest rate swaps utilized to manage interest rate risk associated with certain of our securitization investments.
(3) Amounts correspond with home loan funding commitments subject to IRLC agreements.
While the notional amounts of derivative instruments give an indication of the volume of our derivative activity, they do not necessarily represent amounts exchanged by parties and are not a direct measure of our financial exposure. See Note 12. Fair Value Measurements for additional information on our derivative assets and liabilities.
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements
Note 12. Fair Value Measurements
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The following table summarizes, by level within the fair value hierarchy, the estimated fair values of our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Fair ValueFair Value
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets
Investments in AFS debt securities(1)(2)
$465,491 $373,015 $— $838,506 $527,711 $67,476 $— $595,187 
Asset-backed bonds(2)(3)
— 98,739 — 98,739 — 70,828 — 70,828 
Residual investments(2)(3)
— — 35,853 35,853 — — 35,920 35,920 
Loans at fair value(4)
— 59,477 21,891,166 21,950,643 — 66,198 22,056,057 22,122,255 
Servicing rights— — 240,752 240,752 — — 180,469 180,469 
Third party warrants(5)(6)
— — 630 630 — — 630 630 
Derivative assets(5)(7)(8)
— 1,537 — 1,537 — 2,209 — 2,209 
IRLCs(5)(9)
— — 2,436 2,436 — — 2,155 2,155 
Student loan commitments(5)(9)
— — 314 314 — — 5,465 5,465 
Interest rate caps(5)(8)
— 986 — 986 — 3,269 — 3,269 
Digital assets safeguarding asset(5)(10)
— — — — — 9,292 — 9,292 
Total assets
$465,491 $533,754 $22,171,151 $23,170,396 $527,711 $219,272 $22,280,696 $23,027,679 
Liabilities
Debt(11)
$— $107,409 $— $107,409 $— $119,641 $— $119,641 
Residual interests classified as debt— — 4,129 4,129 — — 7,396 7,396 
Derivative liabilities(5)(7)(8)
— 5,943 — 5,943 — 5,951 — 5,951 
Digital assets safeguarding liability(5)(10)
— — — — — 9,292 — 9,292 
Total liabilities
$— $113,352 $4,129 $117,481 $— $134,884 $7,396 $142,280 
_____________________
(1)The investments in AFS debt securities that were classified as Level 2 rely upon observable inputs other than quoted prices, dealer quotes in markets that are not active and implied pricing derived from new issuances of similar securities. See Note 6. Investment Securities for additional information.
(2)These assets are presented within investment securities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(3)These assets represent the carrying value of our holdings in VIEs wherein we were not deemed the primary beneficiary. See Note 7. Securitization and Variable Interest Entities for additional information. We classify asset-backed bonds as Level 2 due to the use of quoted prices for similar assets in markets that are not active, as well as certain factors specific to us. The key inputs used to value the asset-backed bonds include the discount rate and conditional prepayment rate. The fair value of our asset-backed bonds was not materially impacted by default assumptions on the underlying securitization loans, as the subordinate residual interests are expected to absorb all estimated losses based on our default assumptions for the period. We classify the residual investments as Level 3 due to the reliance on significant unobservable valuation inputs.
(4)Home loans are classified as Level 2 due to observable pricing sources utilized by management. Personal loans and student loans classified as Level 3 do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices. Personal loans and home loans are presented within loans held for sale, at fair value, and student loans are presented within loans held for investment, at fair value.
(5)These assets and liabilities are presented within other assets and accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities, respectively, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(6)The key unobservable assumption used in the fair value measurement of the third party warrants was the price of the stock underlying the warrants. The fair value was measured as the difference between the stock price and the strike price of the warrants. As the strike price was insignificant, we concluded that the impact of time value on the fair value measure was immaterial.
(7)For certain derivative instruments for which an enforceable master netting agreement exists, we elected to net derivative assets and derivative liabilities by counterparty. These instruments are presented on a gross basis herein. See Note 11. Derivative Financial Instruments for additional information.
(8)Home loan pipeline hedges represent TBAs used as economic hedges of loan fair values and are classified as Level 2, as we rely on quoted market prices from similar loan pools that transact in the marketplace. Interest rate swaps and interest rate caps are classified as Level 2, because these financial instruments do not trade in active markets with observable prices, but rely on observable inputs other than quoted prices. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, interest rate swaps and interest rate caps were valued using the overnight SOFR curve and the implied volatilities suggested by the SOFR rate curve. These were determined to be observable inputs from active markets.
(9)IRLCs and student loan commitments are classified as Level 3 because of our reliance on assumed loan funding probabilities. The assumed probabilities are based on our internal historical experience with home loans and student loans similar to those in the funding pipelines on the measurement date.
(10)The digital assets safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset are classified as Level 2, because they do not trade in active markets, and are valued using quoted prices on an active exchange that has been identified as the principal market for the underlying digital assets that were being held by our third-party custodians for the benefit of our members. In the fourth quarter of 2023, we transferred the crypto services provided by SoFi Digital Assets, LLC, and began closing existing digital assets accounts. This process was completed in the first quarter of 2024, subsequent to which we have no digital assets safeguarding liability and safeguarding asset.
(11)The fair value of our securitization debt was classified as Level 2 and valued using a discounted cash flow model, with key inputs relating to the underlying contractual coupons, terms, discount rate and expectations for defaults and prepayments. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the unpaid principal related to debt measured at fair value was $114,960 and $128,619, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, losses from changes in fair value were $1,427. The estimated amounts of gains (losses) included in earnings attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk, which were derived principally from observable changes in credit spread as observed in the bond market and default assumptions, were immaterial for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023.
Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Rollforward
The following tables present the changes in our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). We did not have any transfers into or out of Level 3 during the periods presented.
Fair Value atFair Value at
January 1,
2024
Impact on EarningsPurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOther ChangesMarch 31,
2024
Assets
Personal loans$15,330,573 $(269,426)$16,580 $(1,262,854)$3,278,882 $(2,035,697)$(1,053)$15,057,005 
Student loans6,725,484 (17,117)— (294,187)751,680 (335,937)4,238 6,834,161 
Loans at fair value(1)
22,056,057 (286,543)16,580 (1,557,041)4,030,562 (2,371,634)3,185 21,891,166 
Servicing rights(2)
180,469 5,226 980 (53)75,554 (21,424)— 240,752 
Residual investments(3)
35,920 732 2,553 — — (3,352)— 35,853 
IRLCs(4)
2,155 2,436 — — — (2,155)— 2,436 
Student loan commitments(4)
5,465 314 — — — (5,465)— 314 
Third party warrants(5)
630 — — — — — — 630 
Liabilities
Residual interests classified as debt(3)
(7,396)(73)— — — 3,340 — (4,129)
Net impact on earnings$(277,908)
Fair Value atFair Value at
January 1,
2023
Impact on EarningsPurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOther ChangesMarch 31,
2023
Assets
Personal loans$8,610,434 $86,200 $40,039 $— $2,951,358 $(1,150,926)$(106)$10,536,999 
Student loans4,877,177 64,699 — — 525,373 (229,681)2,491 5,240,059 
Home loans(6)
69,463 (494)552 (77,880)89,787 (381)— 81,047 
Loans at fair value(1)
13,557,074 150,405 40,591 (77,880)3,566,518 (1,380,988)2,385 15,858,105 
Servicing rights(2)
149,854 12,084 613 (135)954 (16,856)— 146,514 
Residual investments(3)
46,238 1,104 — (306)— (4,076)— 42,960 
Purchase price earn out(7’)
54 — — — (63)— — 
IRLCs(4)
216 634 — — — (216)— 634 
Student loan commitments(4)
(236)75 — — — 236 — 75 
Third party warrants(5)
630 — — — — — — 630 
Liabilities
Residual interests classified as debt(3)
(17,048)(89)— — — 1,572 — (15,565)
Net impact on earnings$164,222 
_____________________
(1)For loans at fair value, purchases reflect unpaid principal balance and relate to previously transferred loans. Purchase activity included elective repurchases of $16.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and securitization clean-up calls of $39.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The remaining purchases during the periods presented related to standard representations and warranties pursuant to our various loan sale agreements. Issuances represent the principal balance of loans originated during the period. Settlements represent principal payments made on loans during the period. Other changes represent fair value adjustments that impact the balance sheet primarily associated with whole loan strategic repurchases, clean up calls and consolidated securitizations. Impacts on earnings for loans at fair value are recorded within interest income—loans and
securitizations, within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations, and within noninterest expense—general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(2)For servicing rights, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—servicing in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(3)For residual investments, sales include the derecognition of investments associated with securitization clean up calls. The estimated amounts of gains and losses for residual investments included in earnings attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk were immaterial during the periods presented. For residual investments and residual interests classified as debt, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), a portion of which is subsequently reclassified to interest expense—securitizations and warehouses for residual interests classified as debt and to interest income—loans and securitizations for residual investments, but does not impact the liability or asset balance, respectively.
(4)For IRLCs and student loan commitments, settlements reflect funded and unfunded adjustments representing the unpaid principal balance of funded and unfunded loans during the quarter multiplied by the IRLC or student loan commitment price in effect at the beginning of the quarter. Purchases of IRLCs during the three months ended March 31, 2024 were associated with our acquisition of Wyndham. For year-to-date periods, amounts represent the summation of the per-quarter effects. For IRLCs and student loan commitments, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(5)For third party warrants, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—other in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(6)During the fourth quarter of 2023, we transferred home loans out of Level 3 into Level 2 relating to an update to observable pricing sources utilized by management, as part of the integration of Wyndham.
(7)For purchase price earn out, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
Loans at Fair Value
Gains and losses recognized in earnings include changes in accumulated interest and fair value adjustments on loans originated during the period and on loans held at the balance sheet date, as well as loan charge-offs. Changes in fair value are primarily impacted by valuation assumption changes as well as sales price execution. The estimated amount of gains (losses) included in earnings attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk were $40,824 during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and $(50,529) during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The gains (losses) attributable to instrument-specific credit risk were estimated by incorporating our current default and loss severity assumptions for the loans. These assumptions are based on historical performance, market trends and performance expectations over the term of the underlying instrument.
Level 3 Significant Inputs
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Level 3 fair value measurements include unobservable inputs for assets or liabilities for which there is little or no market data, which requires us to develop our own assumptions. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include the use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models, or similar techniques, which incorporate management’s own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
Loans
The following key unobservable assumptions were used in the fair value measurement of our loans:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRangeWeighted Average
Personal loans
Conditional prepayment rate
18.4% – 29.5%
24.7%
17.5% – 29.5%
23.2%
Annual default rate
4.7% – 48.7%
4.8%
4.5% – 50.4%
4.8%
Discount rate
5.7% – 8.1%
5.8%
5.5% – 8.1%
5.5%
Student loans
Conditional prepayment rate
7.7% – 12.6%
10.5%
8.4% – 12.6%
10.5%
Annual default rate
0.6% – 6.1%
0.6%
0.4% – 6.4%
0.6%
Discount rate
4.3% – 8.8%
4.3%
4.1% – 8.1%
4.3%
The key assumptions are defined as follows:
Conditional prepayment rate — The monthly annualized proportion of the principal of a pool of loans that is assumed to be paid off prematurely in each period. An increase in the conditional prepayment rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
Annual default rate — The annualized rate of borrowers who do not make loan payments on time. An increase in the annual default rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
Discount rate — The weighted average rate at which the expected cash flows are discounted to arrive at the net present value of the loans. The discount rate is primarily determined based on an underlying benchmark rate curve and spread(s), the latter of which is determined based on factors including, but not limited to, weighted average coupon rate, prepayment rate, default rate and resulting expected duration of the assets. An increase in the discount rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
See Note 4. Loans for additional loan fair value disclosures.
Servicing Rights
Servicing rights for personal loans and student loans do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices. Similarly, home loan servicing rights infrequently trade in an active market. At the time of the underlying loan sale or the assumption of servicing rights, the fair value of servicing rights is determined using a discounted cash flow methodology based on observable and unobservable inputs. Management classifies servicing rights as Level 3 due to the use of significant unobservable inputs in the fair value measurement.
The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurement of our classes of servicing rights:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
Personal loans
Market servicing costs
0.2% – 1.0%
0.2%
0.1% – 1.8%
0.2%
Conditional prepayment rate
8.6% – 38.1%
22.5%
17.9% – 35.5%
22.4%
Annual default rate
3.3% – 16.0%
4.0%
3.3% – 22.5%
4.7%
Discount rate
8.8% – 20.0%
9.1%
8.8% – 8.8%
8.8%
Student loans
Market servicing costs
0.1% – 0.2%
0.1%
0.1% – 0.2%
0.1%
Conditional prepayment rate
8.1% – 15.1%
12.1%
10.9% – 15.3%
12.2%
Annual default rate
0.3% – 3.6%
0.7%
0.3% – 3.7%
0.6%
Discount rate
8.8% – 8.8%
8.8%
8.8% – 8.8%
8.8%
Home loans
Market servicing costs
0.1% – 0.2%
0.2%
0.1% – 0.2%
0.2%
Conditional prepayment rate
5.5% – 23.8%
8.6%
5.6% – 24.0%
8.1%
Annual default rate
0.1% – 0.1%
0.1%
0.1% – 0.1%
0.1%
Discount rate
9.2% – 10.0%
9.3%
9.2% – 10.0%
9.3%
The key assumptions are defined as follows:
Market servicing costs — The fee a willing market participant, which we validate through actual third-party bids for our servicing, would require for the servicing of personal loans, student loans and home loans with similar characteristics as those in our serviced portfolio. An increase in the market servicing cost, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
Conditional prepayment rate — The monthly annualized proportion of the principal of a pool of loans that is assumed to be paid off prematurely in each period. An increase in the conditional prepayment rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
Annual default rate — The annualized rate of default within the total serviced loan balance. An increase in the annual default rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
Discount rate — The weighted average rate at which the expected cash flows are discounted to arrive at the net present value of the servicing rights. An increase in the discount rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
The following table presents the estimated decrease to the fair value of our servicing rights if the key assumptions had each of the below adverse changes:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Market servicing costs
2.5 basis points increase
$(6,466)$(6,176)
5.0 basis points increase
(12,931)(12,351)
Conditional prepayment rate
10% increase
$(6,881)$(5,189)
20% increase
(13,400)(10,098)
Annual default rate
10% increase
$(550)$(480)
20% increase
(1,094)(921)
Discount rate
100 basis points increase
$(5,409)$(4,674)
200 basis points increase
(10,498)(9,054)
The sensitivity calculations above are hypothetical and should not be considered to be predictive of future performance. The effect on fair value of a variation in assumptions generally cannot be determined because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the fair value may not be linear. Additionally, the effect of an adverse variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of our servicing rights is calculated while holding the other assumptions constant. In reality, changes in one factor may lead to changes in other factors, which could impact the above hypothetical effects.
Residual Investments and Residual Interests Classified as Debt
Residual investments and residual interests classified as debt do not trade in active markets with readily observable prices, and there is limited observable market data for reference. The fair values of residual investments and residual interests classified as debt are determined using a discounted cash flow methodology. Management classifies residual investments and residual interests classified as debt as Level 3 due to the use of significant unobservable inputs in the fair value measurements.
The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurements of our residual investments and residual interests classified as debt:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
Residual investments
Conditional prepayment rate
12.4% – 29.9%
15.5%
12.2% – 28.3%
14.8%
Annual default rate
0.5% – 6.9%
1.5%
0.5% – 6.9%
1.4%
Discount rate
5.8% – 13.5%
8.8%
5.8% – 15.5%
8.7%
Residual interests classified as debt
Conditional prepayment rate
12.7% – 12.8%
12.8%
12.3% – 12.6%
12.4%
Annual default rate
0.8% – 0.8%
0.8%
0.7% – 0.7%
0.7%
Discount rate
10.0% – 10.3%
10.0%
10.0% – 10.3%
10.0%
The key assumptions are defined as follows:
Conditional prepayment rate — The monthly annualized proportion of the principal of a pool of loans that is assumed to be paid off prematurely in each period for the pool of loans in the securitization. An increase in the conditional prepayment rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
Annual default rate — The annualized rate of borrowers who fail to remain current on their loans for the pool of loans in the securitization. An increase in the annual default rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
Discount rate — The weighted average rate at which the expected cash flows are discounted to arrive at the net present value of the residual investments and residual interests classified as debt. An increase in the discount rate, in isolation, would result in a decrease in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumption was weighted based on relative fair value.
Loan Commitments
We classify student loan commitments as Level 3 because the assets do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices and, as such, our valuations utilize significant unobservable inputs. Additionally, we classify IRLCs as Level 3, as our IRLCs are inherently uncertain and unobservable given that a home loan origination is contingent on a plethora of factors. The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurements of our IRLCs and student loan commitments:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
IRLCs
Loan funding probability(1)
48.9% – 85.8%
79.2%
71.9% – 77.2%
76.3%
Student loan commitments
Loan funding probability(1)
95.0% – 95.0%
95.0%
95.0% – 95.0%
95.0%
___________________
(1)The aggregate amount of student loans we committed to fund was $6,459 as of March 31, 2024. See Note 11. Derivative Financial Instruments for the aggregate notional amount associated with IRLCs.
The key assumption is defined as follows:
Loan funding probability — Our expectation of the percentage of IRLCs or student loan commitments which will become funded loans. A significant difference between the actual funded rate and the assumed funded rate at the measurement date could result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement of our IRLCs and student loan commitments. An increase in the loan funding probabilities, in isolation, would result in an increase in a fair value measurement. The weighted average assumptions were weighted based on relative fair values.
Financial Instruments Not Measured at Fair Value
The following table summarizes the carrying values and estimated fair values, by level within the fair value hierarchy, of our assets and liabilities that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
Fair Value
Carrying ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
March 31, 2024
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents(1)
$3,693,390 $3,693,390 $— $— $3,693,390 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents(1)
454,518 454,518 — — 454,518 
Loans at amortized cost(2)
1,250,231 — — 1,281,749 1,281,749 
Other investments(3)
92,805 — 92,805 — 92,805 
Total assets
$5,490,944 $4,147,908 $92,805 $1,281,749 $5,522,462 
Liabilities
Deposits(4)
$21,604,594 $— $21,602,954 $— $21,602,954 
Debt(5)
2,783,908 1,311,986 1,445,303 — 2,757,289 
Total liabilities
$24,388,502 $1,311,986 $23,048,257 $— $24,360,243 
December 31, 2023
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents(1)
$3,085,020 $3,085,020 $— $— $3,085,020 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents(1)
530,558 530,558 — — 530,558 
Loans at amortized cost(2)
836,159 — — 864,312 864,312 
Other investments(3)
83,551 — 83,551 — 83,551 
Total assets
$4,535,288 $3,615,578 $83,551 $864,312 $4,563,441 
Liabilities
Deposits(4)
$18,620,663 $— $18,612,822 $— $18,612,822 
Debt(5)
5,113,775 955,306 4,024,516 — 4,979,822 
Total liabilities
$23,734,438 $955,306 $22,637,338 $— $23,592,644 
___________________
(1)The carrying amounts of our cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturities and highly liquid nature of these accounts.
(2)The fair value of our credit cards was determined using a discounted cash flow model with key inputs relating to weighted average lives, expected lifetime loss rates and discount rate. The fair value of our commercial and consumer banking and senior secured loans was determined using a discounted cash flow model with key inputs relating to the underlying contractual coupons, terms, discount rate and expectations for defaults.
(3)Other investments include FRB stock and FHLB stock, which are presented within other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(4)The fair values of our deposits without contractually defined maturities (such as demand and savings deposits) and our noninterest-bearing deposits approximate their carrying values. The fair value of our time-based deposits was determined using a discounted cash flow model based on rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.
(5)The carrying value of our debt is net of unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs. The fair value of our convertible notes was classified as Level 1, as it was based on an observable market quote. The fair values of our warehouse facility debt and revolving credit facility debt were classified as Level 2 based on market factors and credit factors specific to these financial instruments. The fair value of our securitization debt was classified as Level 2 and valued using a discounted cash flow model, with key inputs relating to the underlying contractual coupons, terms, discount rate and expectations for defaults and prepayments.
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
Investments in equity securities of $23,085 and $22,920 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which are presented within other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, include investments for which fair values are not readily determinable, which we elect to measure using the measurement alternative method of accounting. The fair value measurements are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of unobservable inputs in the fair value measurements. The balances were primarily composed of a $19,739 investment valued under the measurement alternative method during 2022 that was a former equity method investment.
v3.24.1.u1
Share-Based Compensation
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Share-Based Compensation
Note 13. Share-Based Compensation
The 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”) allows for the issuance of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, RSUs (including PSUs), dividend equivalents and other stock or cash based awards for issuance to its employees, non-employee directors and non-employee third parties. Shares associated with option exercises and RSU vesting are issued from the authorized pool.
Effective January 1, 2023, we approved a plan to allow our non-employee directors to elect, on an annual basis, to defer their cash retainers into equity awards, and/or to defer their RSU grants, which vest in accordance with the grant terms (collectively referred to as DSUs). DSUs are equity awards that entitle the holder to shares of our common stock when the awards vest. Directors may choose to receive their deferred stock distributions in a lump sum or in installments over different time periods. DSUs are measured based on the fair value of our common stock on the date of grant. DSU activity is presented with RSUs in the disclosures below.
Share-based compensation expense related to stock options, RSUs and PSUs is presented within the following line items in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss):
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Technology and product development$19,279 $18,228 
Sales and marketing4,962 6,587 
Cost of operations2,918 1,500 
General and administrative27,923 37,911 
Total
$55,082 $64,226 
Total compensation and benefits, inclusive of share-based compensation expense, was $208,246 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and $216,415 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Compensation and benefits expenses are presented within the following categories of expenses within noninterest expense: (i) technology and product development, (ii) sales and marketing, (iii) cost of operations, and (iv) general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
Stock Options
The following is a summary of stock option activity:
Number of
Stock Options
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
(in years)
Outstanding as of January 1, 202417,896,732 $7.70 3.8
Exercised(171,555)2.71 
Expired
(3,267)6.23 
Outstanding as of March 31, 202417,721,910 $7.75 3.5
Exercisable as of March 31, 202417,721,910 $7.75 3.5
Total compensation cost related to unvested stock options not yet recognized as of March 31, 2024 was immaterial.
Restricted Stock Units
RSUs, inclusive of DSUs, are equity awards granted to employees that entitle the holder to shares of our common stock when the awards vest. RSUs are measured based on the fair value of our common stock on the date of grant.
The following table summarizes RSU activity:
Number of
RSUs
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding as of January 1, 202464,879,496 $7.95 
Granted
22,501,316 7.49 
Vested(1)
(8,360,975)8.25 
Forfeited
(5,878,073)8.36 
Outstanding as of March 31, 2024
73,141,764$7.74 
________________________
(1)The total fair value, based on grant date fair value, of RSUs that vested during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $69.0 million.
As of March 31, 2024, there was $525.4 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested RSUs, inclusive of DSUs, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.3 years.
Performance Stock Units
The following table summarizes PSU activity:
Number of
PSUs
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding as of January 1, 202416,240,181 $10.29 
Granted
726,217 9.17 
Forfeited
(2,052,789)7.52 
Outstanding as of March 31, 2024
14,913,609 $10.61 
Compensation cost associated with PSUs is recognized using the accelerated attribution method for each of the three vesting tranches over the respective derived service period. We determined the grant-date fair value of PSUs utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation model.
During 2024, we granted PSUs that will vest, if at all, in January 2027, subject to the achievement of specified performance goals, such as growth in total book value and maintaining a minimum total risk weighted capital ratio during a three-year measurement period commencing January 2024.
We determined the grant-date fair value of PSUs utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation model. The following table summarizes the inputs used for estimating the fair value of PSUs granted:
InputThree Months Ended
March 31, 2024
Risk-free interest rate
4.5%
Expected volatility
73.0%
Fair value of common stock
$8.02
Dividend yield
—%
Our use of a Monte Carlo simulation model requires the use of subjective assumptions:
Risk-free interest rate — Based on the U.S. Treasury rate at the time of grant commensurate with the remaining term of the PSUs.
Expected volatility — Based on the implied volatility of our common stock from a set of comparable publicly-traded companies.
Fair value of common stock — Based on the closing stock price on the date of grant.
Dividend yield — We assumed no dividend yield because we have historically not paid out dividends to common stockholders.
As of March 31, 2024, there was $8.8 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested PSUs, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.2 years.
v3.24.1.u1
Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Note 14. Income Taxes
For interim periods, we follow the general recognition approach whereby tax expense is recognized using an estimated annual effective tax rate, which is applied to the year-to-date operating results. Additionally, we recognize tax expense or benefit for any discrete items occurring within the interim period that were excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate. Our effective tax rate may be subject to fluctuations during the year due to impacts from the following items: (i) changes in forecasted pre-tax and taxable income or loss, (ii) changes in statutory law or regulations in jurisdictions where we operate, (iii) audits or settlements with taxing authorities, (iv) the tax impact of expanded product offerings or business acquisitions, and (v) changes in valuation allowance assumptions.
For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, we recorded income tax (expense) benefit of $(6,183) and $1,637, respectively. Our income tax positions in both the 2024 and 2023 periods were impacted by income tax expenses associated with the profitability of SoFi Bank in state jurisdictions where separate filings are required, as well as federal taxes where our tax credits and loss carryforwards may be limited. Our income tax benefit position in the 2023 period was primarily attributable to income tax benefits from foreign losses in jurisdictions with net deferred tax liabilities related to Technisys.
There were no material changes to our unrecognized tax benefits during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and we do not expect any other significant increases or decreases to unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.
Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts that are more likely than not expected to be realized. In making such a determination of whether a valuation allowance is necessary, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence supporting the allowance (e.g., the results of recent operations and future forecasts). If the Company determines that it is able to realize its deferred tax assets in the future in excess of the net recorded amount, the Company decreases the deferred tax asset valuation allowance, which reduces the provision for income taxes. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we maintained a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets in applicable jurisdictions. In certain foreign and state jurisdictions where sufficient deferred tax liabilities exist, no valuation allowance is recognized. We will continue to recognize a full valuation allowance until there is sufficient positive evidence to support its release.
v3.24.1.u1
Commitments, Guarantees, Concentrations and Contingencies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments, Guarantees, Concentrations and Contingencies
Note 15. Commitments, Guarantees, Concentrations and Contingencies
Leases and Occupancy
Our leases consist of operating and finance leases, the latter of which expire in 2040.
Operating Leases
We primarily lease our office premises under multi-year, non-cancelable operating leases. Our operating leases have terms expiring from 2024 to 2040, exclusive of renewal option periods. Our office leases contain renewal option periods ranging from one to ten years from the expiration dates. These options were not recognized as part of our ROU assets and operating lease liabilities, as we did not conclude at the commencement date of the leases that we were reasonably certain to exercise these options. However, in our normal course of business, we expect our office leases to be renewed, amended or replaced by other leases. Associated with these leases, we obtained non-cash operating lease ROU assets in exchange for operating lease liabilities of $1,666 during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Occupancy
Occupancy-related costs, which primarily relate to the operations of our leased office spaces, were $7,758 and $7,207 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Occupancy-related expenses are presented within the following categories of expenses within noninterest expense: (i) technology and product development, (ii) sales and marketing, (iii) cost of operations, and (iv) general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
Concentrations
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents, residual investments and loans. We hold cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in accounts at regulated domestic financial institutions in amounts that may exceed FDIC insured amounts. We believe these institutions are of high credit quality.
We are dependent on third-party funding sources and deposit balances to originate loans. Additionally, we sell loans to various third parties. We have historically sold loans to a limited pool of third-party buyers. No individual third-party buyer accounted for 10% or more of consolidated total net revenues for the periods presented.
Within our Technology Platform segment, we have a relatively smaller number of clients compared to our lending and financial services businesses. As such, the loss of one or a few of our top clients could be significant to that portion of our business. No individual client accounted for 10% or more of consolidated total net revenues for the periods presented.
The Company is exposed to default risk on borrower loans originated and financed by us. There is no single borrower or group of borrowers that comprise a significant concentration of the Company’s loan portfolio. Likewise, the Company is not overly concentrated within a group of channel partners or other customers, with the exception of our distribution of personal loan residual interests in our sponsored personal loan securitizations, which we market to third parties, and the aforementioned whole loan buyers. Given we have a limited number of prospective buyers for our personal loan securitization residual interests, this might result in our utilization of a significant amount of deposits or our own capital to fund future residual interests in personal loan securitizations, or impact the execution of future securitizations if we are limited in our own ability to invest in the residual interest portion of future securitizations, or find willing buyers for securitization residual interests.
Contingencies
Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may be subject to a variety of pending legal proceedings. While we are unable to predict the ultimate outcome of these actions, we believe that any ultimate liability arising from any of these actions will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, many of these matters are in various stages of proceedings and further developments could cause management to revise its assessment of these matters. Our assessments are based on our knowledge and historical experience, as well as the specific facts and circumstances asserted, but the ultimate outcome of any matter could require payment substantially in excess of the amount that we have accrued and/or disclosed. Regardless of the final outcome, defending lawsuits, claims, government and self-regulatory organization investigations, and proceedings in which we are involved is costly and can impose a significant burden on management and employees, and there can be no assurances that we will receive favorable final outcomes.
Guarantees
We have three types of repurchase obligations that we account for as financial guarantees, which are disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the event of a repurchase, we are typically required to pay the purchase price of the loans transferred.
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we accrued liabilities within accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets of $7.1 million and $5.9 million, respectively, related to our estimated repurchase obligation. The corresponding charges for changes in the estimated obligation are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the amounts associated with loans sold that were subject to the terms and conditions of our repurchase obligations totaled $8.3 billion and $6.7 billion, respectively.
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had a total of $6.4 million in letters of credit outstanding with financial institutions, which were issued for the purpose of securing certain of our operating lease obligations. A portion of the letters of credit was collateralized by $1.3 million of our cash as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, which is included within restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had a total of $27.2 million in letters of credit outstanding with the FHLB, which serve as collateral for public deposits and were collateralized by loans.
Commitments
As part of our community reinvestment initiatives, we have a commitment to fund a line of credit to be used to finance housing and stimulate economic development in low- to moderate-income communities. As of March 31, 2024, we funded $2.8 million of loans, which are presented within loans held for investment, at amortized cost in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and had $17.2 million of the total $20.0 million commitment outstanding.
Mortgage Banking Regulatory Mandates
We are subject to certain state-imposed minimum net worth requirements for the states in which we are engaged in the business of a residential mortgage lender. Noncompliance with these requirements on an annual basis could result in potential fines or penalties imposed by the applicable state. Future events or changes in mandates may affect our ability to meet mortgage banking regulatory requirements. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all minimum net worth requirements; therefore, we have not accrued any liabilities related to fines or penalties.
v3.24.1.u1
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Note 16. Earnings (Loss) Per Share
We compute earnings (loss) per share attributable to common stock using the two-class method required for participating interests. Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock has preferential cumulative dividend rights. For each period presented, we increased net income (loss) by the contractual amount of dividends payable to holders of Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock.
Basic loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net income (loss), adjusted for the impact of Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock dividends, by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.
Diluted earnings (loss) per share of common stock is computed by dividing net income, adjusted for the impact of Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock dividends, by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period plus amounts representing the dilutive effect of contingently issuable shares including PSU awards which require future service as a condition of delivery of the underlying common stock, RSUs, outstanding options, outstanding warrants and dilution resulting from the conversion of convertible notes, if applicable. The adjustment for convertible notes reflects the conversion price at the end of the reporting period. We excluded the effect of all potentially dilutive common stock elements from the denominator in the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share in the periods where their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.
The calculations of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share were as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Numerator:
Net income (loss)$88,043 $(34,422)
Less: Redeemable preferred stock dividends
(10,079)(9,968)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders – basic
$77,964 $(44,390)
Plus: Dilutive effect of convertible notes, net(1)
(55,441)— 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders – diluted(1)(2)
$22,523 $(44,390)
Denominator:
Weighted average common stock outstanding – basic
982,617,492 929,270,723 
Effect of dilutive securities(2):
Convertible notes47,845,642 — 
Unvested RSUs9,752,440 — 
Common stock options2,260,927 — 
Weighted average common stock outstanding – diluted
1,042,476,501 929,270,723 
Earnings (loss) per share – basic
$0.08 $(0.05)
Earnings (loss) per share – diluted
$0.02 $(0.05)
________________________
(1)For the three months ended March 31, 2024, diluted earnings per share of $0.02 and diluted net income attributable to common stockholders of $22,523 exclude gain on extinguishment of debt, net of tax, associated with convertible note activity during the period, as well as interest expense incurred, net of tax, related to convertible notes due 2026.
(2)During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, 81.0 million and 194.8 million shares, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share, as the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
The following table presents all potentially dilutive stock elements, and reflect the number of instruments outstanding at the end of the period.
March 31,
20242023
Common stock options
17,721,910 18,569,877 
Common stock warrants
12,170,990 12,170,990 
Unvested RSUs(1)
73,141,764 86,139,377 
Unvested PSUs
14,913,609 18,073,029 
Convertible notes(2)
22,841,631 53,538,000 
Contingent common stock(3)
45,859 6,305,595 
________________________
(1)As of March 31, 2024, includes DSUs granted to non-employee directors. See Note 13. Share-Based Compensation for additional information.
(2)Represents the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of all convertible notes at the conversion rate in effect at the date indicated. As of March 31, 2024, the 2026 convertible notes are potentially convertible into 22,841,631 shares of common stock, and there are no shares of common stock expected to be issued relating to the 2029 convertible notes, as there was no amount in excess of the expected cash redemption price which would require share settlement. See Note 9. Debt for additional information.
(3)Represents contingently returnable common stock in connection with the Technisys Merger, which consists of shares that continue to be held in escrow pending resolution of outstanding indemnification claims by SoFi. These shares were issued in 2022 and partially released in 2023. See Note 2. Business Combinations for additional information.
v3.24.1.u1
Business Segment Information
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Business Segment Information
Note 17. Business Segment Information
Segment Organization and Reporting Framework
We have three reportable segments: Lending, Technology Platform and Financial Services. Each of our reportable segments is a strategic business unit that serves specific needs of our members based on the products and services provided. The segments are based on the manner in which management views the financial performance of the business. The reportable segments also reflect our organizational structure. Each segment has a segment manager who reports directly to the CODM. The CODM has ultimate authority and responsibility over resource allocation decisions and performance assessment.
The operations of acquired businesses have been integrated into, or managed as part of, our existing reportable segments. Activities that are not part of a reportable segment, such as management of our corporate investment portfolio and asset/liability management by our centralized treasury function (as further discussed below), are included in the Corporate/Other non-reportable segment.
Contribution profit (loss) is the primary measure of segment profit and loss reviewed by the CODM and is intended to measure the direct profitability of each segment in the manner in which management evaluates performance and makes decisions about funding our operations and allocating resources. Contribution profit (loss) is defined as total net revenue for each reportable segment less:
fair value changes in servicing rights and residual interests classified as debt that are attributable to assumption changes, which impact the contribution profit within the Lending segment. These fair value changes are non-cash in nature and are not realized in the period; therefore, they do not impact the amounts available to fund our operations; and
expenses directly attributable to the corresponding reportable segment. Directly attributable expenses primarily include compensation and benefits and sales and marketing, and vary based on the amount of activity within each segment. Directly attributable expenses also include loan origination and servicing expenses, professional services, product fulfillment, lead generation and occupancy-related costs. Expenses are attributed to the reportable segments using either direct costs of the segment or labor costs that can be attributed based upon the allocation of employee time for individual products.
We apply an FTP framework to attribute net interest income to our business segments based on their usage and/or provision of funding. The primary objective of the FTP framework is to transfer interest rate risk from the business segments by providing matched duration of funding of assets and liabilities to allocate interest income and interest expense to each segment. Therefore, the financial impact, management and reporting of interest rate risk is centralized in Corporate/Other, where it is monitored and managed. The application of the FTP framework impacts the measure of net interest income and, thereby, total net revenue and contribution profit (loss) for our reportable segments, as well as the total net revenue of Corporate/Other, but has no impact on our consolidated results of operations.
Assets are not allocated to reportable segments, as our CODM does not evaluate reportable segments using discrete asset information.
Segment Information
Lending. The Lending segment includes our personal loan, student loan and home loan products and the related servicing activities. Revenues in the Lending segment are driven by changes in the fair value of our whole loans and securitization interests (inclusive of our economic hedging activities), gains or losses recognized on transfers that meet the true sale requirements, and our servicing-related activities, which mainly consist of servicing fees and the changes in our servicing assets over time. In our Lending segment, we also earn the difference between interest income earned on our loans and interest expense, as determined using the FTP framework. Our CODM considers net interest income in addition to contribution profit in evaluating the performance of our Lending segment and making resource allocation decisions. Therefore, we present interest income net of interest expense.
Technology Platform. The Technology Platform segment includes: (i) technology products and solutions revenue, which is primarily related to our platform as a service through Galileo, which provides the infrastructure to facilitate core client-
facing and back-end capabilities, such as account setup, account funding, direct deposit, authorizations and processing, payments functionality and check account balance features, (ii) beginning in March 2022, revenue earned by Technisys, which expanded our segment to include a cloud-native digital and core banking platform offering and which results in the sale of software licenses and the provision of related technology solutions, and (iii) beginning in the third quarter of 2023, interest income earned on segment cash balances, for which prior period amounts were determined to be immaterial. See Note 2. Business Combinations for additional information on the Technisys Merger.
Financial Services. The Financial Services segment primarily includes our SoFi Money product (primarily inclusive of checking and savings accounts, as well as cash management accounts), SoFi Invest product, SoFi Credit Card product, SoFi Relay personal finance management product and other financial services, such as lead generation and content for other financial services institutions and our members. Checking and savings provides members a digital banking experience that offers no account fees, 2-day early paycheck and a competitive annual percentage yield. SoFi Money cash management provides members a digital cash management experience. SoFi Invest provides investment features and financial planning services that we offer to our members. Revenues in the Financial Services segment include interest income earned and interest expense incurred under the FTP framework, interchange fees on our member debit and credit transactions, and fees related to pay for order flow and share lending arrangements in SoFi Invest. We also earn referral fees in connection with referral activity we facilitate through our platform.
Our CODM considers net interest income in addition to contribution profit (loss) in evaluating the performance of our Financial Services segment and making resource allocation decisions. Under the FTP framework, the Financial Services segment earns interest income that is reflective of an FTP credit for deposits provided to the overall business, as well as incurs interest expense that is reflective of an FTP charge related to the use of funding for SoFi Credit Card.
Corporate/Other. Non-segment operations are classified as Corporate/Other, which includes net revenues associated with corporate functions that are not directly related to a reportable segment. Net interest income (expense) within Corporate/Other reflects the residual impact from FTP charges and FTP credits allocated to our reportable segments under our FTP framework. These non-segment net revenue (loss) also include interest income earned on corporate cash balances, nonrecurring income on certain investments from available cash on hand, such as our investments in AFS debt securities (which investments are not interconnected with our core business lines and, thereby, reportable segments), noninterest income related to gains and losses on extinguishment of corporate borrowings including our convertible notes, and interest expense on other corporate borrowings, such as our revolving credit facility and the amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discount on our convertible notes.
Segment Results
The following tables present financial information, including the measure of contribution profit (loss), for each reportable segment:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Lending
Technology
Platform
Financial Services
Reportable Segments Total(1)
Corporate/Other(1)
Total
Net revenue
Net interest income
$266,536 $501 $119,713 $386,750 $15,968 $402,718 
Noninterest income(2)
63,940 93,865 30,838 188,643 53,634 242,277 
Total net revenue
$330,476 $94,366 $150,551 $575,393 $69,602 $644,995 
Servicing rights – change in valuation inputs or assumptions(3)
(5,226)— — (5,226)
Residual interests classified as debt – change in valuation inputs or assumptions(4)
73 — — 73 
Directly attributable expenses
(117,604)(63,624)(113,377)(294,605)
Contribution profit
$207,719 $30,742 $37,174 $275,635 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023Lending
Technology
Platform
Financial Services
Reportable Segments Total(1)
Corporate/Other(1)
Total
Net revenue
Net interest income (expense)$201,047 $— $58,037 $259,084 $(23,074)$236,010 
Noninterest income (expense)(2)
136,034 77,887 23,064 236,985 (837)236,148 
Total net revenue (loss)$337,081 $77,887 $81,101 $496,069 $(23,911)$472,158 
Servicing rights – change in valuation inputs or assumptions(3)
(12,084)— — (12,084)
Residual interests classified as debt – change in valuation inputs or assumptions(4)
89 — — 89 
Directly attributable expenses
(115,188)(63,030)(105,336)(283,554)
Contribution profit (loss)$209,898 $14,857 $(24,235)$200,520 
____________________
(1)Within the Technology Platform segment, intercompany fees were $7,001 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and $3,741 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The equal and offsetting intercompany expenses are reflected within all three segments’ directly attributable expenses, as well as within expenses not allocated to segments. The intercompany revenues and expenses are eliminated in consolidation. The revenues are eliminated within Corporate/Other and the expenses are adjusted in our reconciliation of directly attributable expenses below.
(2)Refer to Note 3. Revenue for a reconciliation of revenue from contracts with customers to total noninterest income (expense).
(3)Reflects changes in fair value inputs and assumptions, including market servicing costs, conditional prepayment, default rates and discount rates. This non-cash change, which is recorded within noninterest income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), is unrealized during the period and, therefore, has no impact on our cash flows from operations. As such, the changes in fair value attributable to assumption changes are adjusted to provide management and financial users with better visibility into the cash flows available to finance our operations.
(4)Reflects changes in fair value inputs and assumptions, including conditional prepayment, default rates and discount rates. When third parties finance our consolidated VIEs through purchasing residual interests, we receive proceeds at the time of the securitization close and, thereafter, pass along contractual cash flows to the residual interest owner. These obligations are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, with fair value changes recorded within noninterest income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The fair value change attributable to assumption changes has no impact on our initial financing proceeds, our future obligations to the residual interest owner (because future residual interest claims are limited to securitization collateral cash flows), or the general operations of our business. As such, this non-cash change in fair value during the period is adjusted to provide management and financial users with better visibility into the cash flows available to finance our operations.
The following table reconciles reportable segments total contribution profit to income (loss) before income taxes. Expenses not allocated to reportable segments represent items that are not considered by our CODM in evaluating segment performance or allocating resources.
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Reportable segments total contribution profit $275,635 $200,520 
Corporate/Other total net income (loss)

69,602 (23,911)
Intercompany expenses7,001 3,741 
Servicing rights – change in valuation inputs or assumptions5,226 12,084 
Residual interests classified as debt – change in valuation inputs or assumptions(73)(89)
Expenses not allocated to segments:
Share-based compensation expense(55,082)(64,226)
Employee-related costs(1)
(62,384)(61,814)
Depreciation and amortization expense(48,539)(45,321)
Other corporate and unallocated expenses(2)
(97,160)(57,043)
Income (loss) before income taxes$94,226 $(36,059)
__________________
(1)Includes compensation, benefits, restructuring charges, recruiting, certain occupancy-related costs and various travel costs of executive management, certain technology groups and general and administrative functions that are not directly attributable to the reportable segments.
(2)Represents corporate overhead costs that are not allocated to reportable segments, which primarily includes corporate marketing and advertising costs, tools and subscription costs, professional services costs, corporate and FDIC insurance costs, foreign currency translation adjustments and transaction-related expenses.
v3.24.1.u1
Subsequent Events
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]  
Subsequent Events
Note 18. Subsequent Events
On April 22, 2024, the Company notified holders of its Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock that it intends to redeem all of the 3,234,000 shares of Series 1 Preferred Stock outstanding on May 29, 2024 at the “Series 1 Redemption Price”, determined in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation, of (i) $100 per share of Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock plus (ii) an amount in cash equal to any accumulated and compounded (if applicable) and unpaid dividends on the Series 1 Redeemable Preferred Stock to, but excluding, the payment date, which is equal to approximately $105.1027 per share and an aggregate payment of $339.9 million.
v3.24.1.u1
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure    
Net income (loss) $ 88,043 $ (34,422)
v3.24.1.u1
Insider Trading Arrangements
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
v3.24.1.u1
Organization, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and New Accounting Standards (Policies)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries and certain consolidated VIEs. All intercompany accounts were eliminated in consolidation. The condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with GAAP and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. We condensed or omitted certain notes and other financial information from the interim financial statements presented herein.
These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated statements included in our annual filing on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2024 (“Form 10-K”). In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2024.
In our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows, we reclassified amounts related to fair value changes in residual interests classified as debt into other within the adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities. The prior period amount was recast to conform to the current period presentation. There was no impact to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities.
Use of Judgments, Assumptions and Estimates The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP requires management to make assumptions and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses as well as the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates and assumptions are inherently subjective in nature; therefore, actual results may differ from our estimates and assumptions, and the differences could be material. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other factors it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. These assumptions and estimates include, but are not limited to, the following: (i) fair value measurements, (ii) business combinations, and (iii) goodwill.
Borrowing and Financing Costs
Convertible Senior Notes
In March 2024, we issued $862.5 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2029 (the “2029 convertible notes”). The 2029 convertible notes will mature on March 15, 2029, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. We will settle conversions by paying or delivering cash, and if applicable, shares of our common stock, based on the applicable conversion rate. The 2029 convertible notes will also be redeemable, in whole or in part, at our option at any time, and from time to time, on or after March 15, 2027 through the 30th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, at a cash redemption price equal to the principal amount of the convertible notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if certain liquidity conditions described in the indenture are satisfied and certain conditions are met with respect to the last reported sale price per share of our common stock prior to conversion. See Note 9. Debt for more detailed disclosure of the term and features of the 2029 convertible notes.
We concluded that the conversion rights, optional redemption rights, and contingent repurchase rights did not require bifurcation as derivative instruments, which we reevaluate each reporting period. The additional interest and special interest that accrue on the notes in the event of our failure to comply with certain registration or reporting requirements are required to be bifurcated from the host contract, as the reporting requirement triggering event is not clearly and closely related to the host convertible debt contract. The value was determined to be immaterial; therefore, we accounted for the 2029 convertible notes wholly as debt, which was recognized on the settlement date. Accordingly, we allocated all debt issuance costs to the debt instrument.
In connection with the pricing of the 2029 convertible notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions with certain financial institutions, as defined and further discussed below.
Capped Call Transactions
In March 2024, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “2029 capped call transactions”) with certain financial institutions (the “capped call counterparties”). The 2029 capped call transactions initially cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the convertible notes. The capped call transactions are net purchased call options on our own common stock. The 2029 capped call transactions are separate transactions entered into by the Company with each of the capped call counterparties, are not part of the terms of the 2029 convertible notes, and do not affect any holder’s rights under the 2029 convertible notes. Holders of the 2029 convertible notes do not have any rights with respect to the 2029 capped call transactions. See Note 10. Equity for additional information.
As the 2029 capped call transactions are legally detachable and separately exercisable from the 2029 convertible notes, they were evaluated as freestanding instruments. We concluded that the 2029 capped call transactions meet the scope exceptions for derivative instruments, and as such, the capped call transactions meet the criteria for classification in equity and are included as a reduction to additional paid-in capital.
Recent Accounting Standards Issued, But Not Yet Adopted
Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) — Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The ASU improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The standard should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. We are currently evaluating the impact of this amendment on our consolidated financial statements.
Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) — Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The ASU improves income tax disclosures primarily related to enhancements of the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The standard should be
applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. We are currently evaluating the impact of this amendment on our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
In each of our revenue arrangements, revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customer in an amount that reflects our expected consideration in exchange for those goods or services. Our arrangements are discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, with notable updates provided herein.
v3.24.1.u1
Revenue (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Schedule of Revenues
The table below presents revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by type of service, which best depicts how the revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors, and by the reportable segment to which each revenue stream relates, as well as a reconciliation of total revenue from contracts with customers to total noninterest income. Revenue from contracts with customers is presented within noninterest income—technology products and solutions and noninterest income—other in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). There were no revenues from contracts with customers attributable to our Lending segment for any of the periods presented.
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Financial Services
Referrals
$12,736 $9,626 
Interchange
12,002 7,269 
Brokerage
4,034 4,878 
Other(1)
927 487 
Total financial services
$29,699 $22,260 
Technology Platform(2)
Technology services
84,650 72,129 
Other(1)
1,260 1,093 
Total technology platform
85,910 73,222 
Total revenue from contracts with customers
115,609 95,482 
Other Sources of Revenue
Loan origination, sales, and securitizations57,000 123,334 
Servicing6,974 12,742 
Other62,694 4,590 
Total other sources of revenue
$126,668 $140,666 
Total noninterest income$242,277 $236,148 
_____________________
(1) Financial Services includes revenues from enterprise services and equity capital markets services. Technology Platform includes revenues from software licenses and associated services, and payment network fees for serving as a transaction card program manager for enterprise customers that are the program marketers for separate card programs.
(2) Related to these technology platform services, we had deferred revenue of $5,655 and $5,718 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which are presented within accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. We recognized revenue of $1,300 and $2,340 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, associated with deferred revenue within noninterest income—technology products and solutions in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
v3.24.1.u1
Loans (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Schedule of Loans Below is a disaggregated presentation of our loans, inclusive of fair market value adjustments and accrued interest income and net of the allowance for credit losses, as applicable:
March 31,
2024
December 31,
2023
Loans held for sale
Personal loans(1)
$15,057,005 $15,330,573 
Home loans
59,477 66,198 
Total loans held for sale, at fair value15,116,482 15,396,771 
Loans held for investment(2)
Student loans(3)
6,834,161 6,725,484 
Total loans held for investment, at fair value
6,834,161 6,725,484 
Senior secured loans
845,794 446,463 
Credit card
272,931 272,628 
Commercial and consumer banking:
Commercial real estate122,612 106,326 
Commercial and industrial5,522 6,075 
Residential real estate and other consumer3,372 4,667 
Total commercial and consumer banking131,506 117,068 
Total loans held for investment, at amortized cost1,250,231 836,159 
Total loans held for investment
8,084,392 7,561,643 
Total loans
$23,200,874 

$22,958,414 
_____________________
(1) Includes $388,980 and $502,757 of personal loans in consolidated VIEs as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
(2) See Note 5. Allowance for Credit Losses for additional information on our loans at amortized cost as it pertains to the allowance for credit losses.
(3) Includes $2,343,557 and $2,459,103 of student loans covered by financial guarantee, and $158,191 and $221,461 of student loans in consolidated VIEs as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
The following table summarizes the aggregate fair value of our loans, for which we elected the fair value option. See Note 12. Fair Value Measurements for the assumptions used in our fair value model.
Personal Loans
Student Loans
Home Loans
Total
March 31, 2024
Unpaid principal
$14,332,874 $6,559,211 $58,304 $20,950,389 
Accumulated interest
116,366 27,414 22 143,802 
Cumulative fair value adjustments
607,765 247,536 1,151 856,452 
Total fair value of loans(1)
$15,057,005 $6,834,161 $59,477 $21,950,643 
December 31, 2023
Unpaid principal
$14,498,629 $6,445,586 $67,406 $21,011,621 
Accumulated interest
114,541 34,357 92 148,990 
Cumulative fair value adjustments
717,403 245,541 (1,300)961,644 
Total fair value of loans(1)
$15,330,573 $6,725,484 $66,198 $22,122,255 
__________________
(1) Each component of the fair value of loans is impacted by charge-offs during the period. Our fair value assumption for annual default rate incorporates fair value markdowns on loans beginning when they are 10 days or more delinquent, with additional markdowns at 30, 60 and 90 days past due.
The following table summarizes the aggregate fair value of loans 90 days or more delinquent. As delinquent personal loans and student loans are charged off after 120 days of delinquency, amounts presented below represent the fair value of loans that are 90 to 120 days delinquent.
Personal Loans
Student Loans
Home Loans
Total
March 31, 2024
Unpaid principal balance
$102,581 $8,735 $198 $111,514 
Accumulated interest
4,313 184 11 4,508 
Cumulative fair value adjustments(1)
(87,603)(5,397)(99)(93,099)
Fair value of loans 90 days or more delinquent (2)
$19,291 $3,522 $110 $22,923 
December 31, 2023
Unpaid principal balance$81,591 $8,446 $495 $90,532 
Accumulated interest4,023 187 4,216 
Cumulative fair value adjustments(1)
(70,191)(5,021)(248)(75,460)
Fair value of loans 90 days or more delinquent (2)
$15,423 $3,612 $253 $19,288 
__________________
(1) Our fair value assumption for annual default rate incorporates fair value markdowns on loans beginning when they are 10 days or more delinquent, with additional markdowns at 30, 60 and 90 days past due. We record the initial fair value measurement and subsequent measurement changes in fair value in the period in which the changes occur within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As such, the $93.1 million fair value adjustment as of March 31, 2024 has been recorded in noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the respective periods in which 10, 30, 60, and 90 days of delinquency occurred. See our Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of the policies for determining the fair value of our loan portfolios.
Schedule of Loan Securitization Transfers and Whole Loan Sales
The following table summarizes our personal loan securitization transfers qualifying for sale accounting treatment during the three months ended March 31, 2024. There were no loan securitization transfers qualifying for sale accounting treatment during the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2024
Personal loans
Fair value of consideration received:
Cash$674,036 
Securitization investments35,615 
Servicing assets recognized27,524 
Repurchase liabilities recognized(280)
Total consideration736,895 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold701,601 
Gain from loan sales$35,294 
The following table summarizes our current whole loan sales:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Personal loans
Fair value of consideration received:
Cash$499,751 $— 
Receivable
3,036 — 
Servicing assets recognized33,549 — 
Repurchase liabilities recognized(1,800)— 
Total consideration
534,536 — 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold
503,037 — 
Realized gain$31,499 $— 
Student loans
Fair value of consideration received:
Cash$310,331 $— 
Servicing assets recognized8,249 — 
Repurchase liabilities recognized(46)— 
Total consideration318,534 — 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold
303,578 — 
Realized gain$14,956 $— 
Home loans
Fair value of consideration received:
Cash$344,678 $77,819 
Servicing assets recognized2,832 954 
Repurchase liabilities recognized(505)(96)
Total consideration
347,005 78,677 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold
344,258 77,976 
Realized gain$2,747 $701 
The following table summarizes our delinquent whole loan sales during the three months ended March 31, 2024. There were no delinquent whole loan sales during the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Three Months Ended March 31,
2024
Personal loans
Fair value of consideration received:
Cash$5,000 
Servicing assets recognized
3,400 
Repurchase liabilities recognized(25)
Total consideration
8,375 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold(1)
66,411 
Realized loss$(58,036)
__________________
(1) Includes $62.5 million of aggregate unpaid principal balance sold, related to late-stage delinquent loans for which we retained servicing and portions of recoveries. $43.2 million of the $62.5 million of unpaid principal balance was recorded in prior periods as a write down in noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). These loans were sold prior to charge-off during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and otherwise would have been charged off as of March 31, 2024 consistent with our policy. In our other charged off whole loan sales, we typically do not retain servicing or recoveries.
Schedule of Unpaid Principal Balances of Transferred Loans and Cash Flows Received
The following table presents information about the unpaid principal balances of loans originated by us and subsequently transferred, but with which we have continuing involvement:
Personal Loans
Student Loans
Home Loans
Total
March 31, 2024
Loans in delinquency (30+ days past due)
$52,858 $57,556 $26,017 $136,431 
Total loans in delinquency87,313 126,247 26,017 239,577 
Total transferred loans serviced(1)
3,019,629 6,117,247 5,746,580 14,883,456 
December 31, 2023
Loans in delinquency (30+ days past due)
$52,813 $60,989 $24,193 $137,995 
Total loans in delinquency
90,582 137,243 24,193 252,018 
Total transferred loans serviced(1)
2,223,785 6,148,800 5,592,793 13,965,378 
_____________________
(1)Total transferred loans serviced includes loans in delinquency, as well as loans in repayment, loans in-school/grace period/deferment (related to student loans), and loans in forbearance. The vast majority of total transferred loans serviced represent loans in repayment as of the dates indicated.
The following table presents additional information about the servicing cash flows received and net charge-offs related to loans originated by us and subsequently transferred, but with which we have a continuing involvement:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Personal loans
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans
$9,445 $6,177 
Charge-offs, net of recoveries, of transferred loans
85,333 46,115 
Student loans
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans
6,146 9,190 
Charge-offs, net of recoveries, of transferred loans
10,853 9,153 
Home loans
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans
4,039 3,160 
Total
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans
$19,630 $18,527 
Charge-offs, net of recoveries, of transferred loans
96,186 55,268 
Schedule of Aging Analysis for Credit Card Loans
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of our credit card and commercial and consumer banking portfolios (excluding accrued interest and before the allowance for credit losses) by either current status or delinquency status:
Delinquent Loans
Current30–59 Days60–89 Days
≥ 90 Days(1)
Total Delinquent Loans
Total Loans(2)
March 31, 2024
Senior secured loans
$844,502 $— $— $— $— $844,502 
Credit card296,182 4,637 4,274 11,878 20,789 316,971 
Commercial and consumer banking:
Commercial real estate123,945 134 — — 134 124,079 
Commercial and industrial5,022 87 244 433 764 5,786 
Residential real estate and other consumer(3)
3,383 — — — — 3,383 
Total commercial and consumer banking132,350 221 244 433 898 133,248 
Total loans
$1,273,034 $4,858 $4,518 $12,311 $21,687 $1,294,721 
December 31, 2023
Senior secured loans
$445,733 $— $— $— $— $445,733 
Credit card297,612 5,451 4,829 11,802 22,082 319,694 
Commercial and consumer banking:
Commercial real estate107,757 — — — — 107,757 
Commercial and industrial6,108 — 439 440 6,548 
Residential real estate and other consumer(3)
4,658 — — — — 4,658 
Total commercial and consumer banking118,523 — 439 440 118,963 
Total loans$861,868 $5,452 $4,829 $12,241 $22,522 $884,390 
______________
(1)All of the credit cards ≥ 90 days past due continued to accrue interest. As of the dates indicated, there were no credit cards on nonaccrual status. As of the dates indicated, commercial and consumer banking loans on nonaccrual status were immaterial.
(2)For credit card, the balance is presented before allowance for credit losses of $49,092 and $52,385 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and accrued interest of $4,937 and $5,288, respectively. For senior secured loans, the balance is presented before accrued interest of $1,292 and $730 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. For commercial and consumer banking, the balance is presented before allowance for credit losses of $2,221 and $2,310 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and accrued interest of $479 and $415, respectively.
(3)Includes residential real estate loans originated by Golden Pacific for which we did not elect the fair value option.
Schedule of Internal Risk Tier Categories
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of our credit card portfolio (excluding accrued interest and before the allowance for credit losses) based on FICO scores, which are obtained at origination of the account and are refreshed monthly thereafter. The pools estimate the likelihood of borrowers with similar FICO scores to pay credit obligations based on aggregate credit performance data.
FICOMarch 31, 2024December 31, 2023
≥ 800$29,918 $29,269 
780 – 79919,954 19,350 
760 – 77921,414 20,740 
740 – 75923,084 23,361 
720 – 73928,157 28,621 
700 – 71934,469 35,528 
680 – 69937,492 38,289 
660 – 67933,366 35,443 
640 – 65923,624 25,836 
620 – 63915,007 15,569 
600 – 61910,004 10,063 
≤ 59940,482 37,625 
Total credit card$316,971 $319,694 
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of our commercial and consumer banking portfolio (excluding accrued interest and before the allowance for credit losses) by origination year and credit quality indicator:
Term Loans by Origination Year
March 31, 202420242023202220212020PriorTotal Term LoansRevolving Loans
Commercial real estate
Pass$18,589 $23,293 $29,593 $5,606 $4,524 $25,781 $107,386 $183 
Watch— 1,229 8,653 1,639 — 2,939 14,460 — 
Special mention— — — — — 523 523 — 
Substandard— — — — — 1,527 1,527 — 
Total commercial real estate18,589 24,522 38,246 7,245 4,524 30,770 123,896 183 
Commercial and industrial
Pass— 51 — — 59 4,268 4,378 530 
Watch— 44 — — — 17 61 — 
Substandard— — — — — 817 817 — 
Total commercial and industrial— 95 — — 59 5,102 5,256 530 
Residential real estate and other consumer
Pass— — — — — 3,111 3,111 233 
Watch— — — — — 39 39 — 
Total residential real estate and other consumer— — — — — 3,150 3,150 233 
Total commercial and consumer banking
$18,589 $24,617 $38,246 $7,245 $4,583 $39,022 $132,302 $946 
v3.24.1.u1
Allowance for Credit Losses (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Schedule of Allowance for Credit Losses, Accounts Receivable
The following table presents changes in our allowance for credit losses:
Credit Card(1)
Commercial and Consumer Banking(1)
Accounts Receivable(1)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Balance at December 31, 2023
$52,385 $2,310 $1,837 
Provision for credit losses(2)
7,253 (71)2,411 
Write-offs charged against the allowance
(10,546)(18)(2,139)
Balance at March 31, 2024
$49,092 $2,221 $2,109 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Balance at December 31, 2022
$39,110 $1,678 $2,785 
Provision for credit losses(2)
8,237 170 (854)
Write-offs charged against the allowance
(10,258)— (286)
Balance at March 31, 2023
$37,089 $1,848 $1,645 
_____________________
(1)Credit cards and commercial and consumer banking loans measured at amortized cost, net of allowance for credit losses, are presented within loans held for investment, at amortized cost in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Accounts receivable balances, net of allowance for credit losses, are presented within other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)The provision for credit losses on credit cards and commercial and consumer banking loans is presented within noninterest expense—provision for credit losses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). During the three months ended March 31, 2024, recoveries of amounts previously reserved related to credit cards were $1,083, and immaterial during the three months ended March 31, 2023. There were immaterial recoveries of amounts previously reserved related to commercial and consumer banking loans during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The provision for credit losses on accounts receivable is presented within noninterest expense—general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, recoveries of amounts previously reserved related to accounts receivable were $497 and $1,161, respectively.
Schedule of Allowance for Credit Losses, Credit Card Loans
The following table presents changes in our allowance for credit losses:
Credit Card(1)
Commercial and Consumer Banking(1)
Accounts Receivable(1)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Balance at December 31, 2023
$52,385 $2,310 $1,837 
Provision for credit losses(2)
7,253 (71)2,411 
Write-offs charged against the allowance
(10,546)(18)(2,139)
Balance at March 31, 2024
$49,092 $2,221 $2,109 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Balance at December 31, 2022
$39,110 $1,678 $2,785 
Provision for credit losses(2)
8,237 170 (854)
Write-offs charged against the allowance
(10,258)— (286)
Balance at March 31, 2023
$37,089 $1,848 $1,645 
_____________________
(1)Credit cards and commercial and consumer banking loans measured at amortized cost, net of allowance for credit losses, are presented within loans held for investment, at amortized cost in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Accounts receivable balances, net of allowance for credit losses, are presented within other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)The provision for credit losses on credit cards and commercial and consumer banking loans is presented within noninterest expense—provision for credit losses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). During the three months ended March 31, 2024, recoveries of amounts previously reserved related to credit cards were $1,083, and immaterial during the three months ended March 31, 2023. There were immaterial recoveries of amounts previously reserved related to commercial and consumer banking loans during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The provision for credit losses on accounts receivable is presented within noninterest expense—general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, recoveries of amounts previously reserved related to accounts receivable were $497 and $1,161, respectively.
v3.24.1.u1
Investments Securities (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Schedule of Investments in Debt Securities
The following table presents our investments in AFS debt securities:
Amortized CostAccrued InterestGross Unrealized Gains
Gross Unrealized Losses(1)
Fair Value
March 31, 2024
U.S. Treasury securities$465,759 $279 $37 $(584)$465,491 
Corporate bonds23,692 153 (911)22,935 
Agency mortgage-backed securities345,451 1,039 269 (1,455)345,304 
Other asset-backed securities4,092 — (92)4,001 
Other(2)
942 — (171)775 
Total investments in AFS debt securities$839,936 $1,476 $307 $(3,213)$838,506 
December 31, 2023
U.S. Treasury securities$518,673 $206 $978 $(780)$519,077 
Multinational securities(3)
8,548 103 — (17)8,634 
Corporate bonds32,609 207 — (1,092)31,724 
Agency mortgage-backed securities28,714 111 33 (1,016)27,842 
Other asset-backed securities7,272 — (154)7,122 
Other(2)
941 — (161)788 
Total investments in AFS debt securities$596,757 $639 $1,011 $(3,220)$595,187 
_____________________
(1) As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we concluded that there was no credit loss attributable to securities in unrealized loss positions, as (i) 97% and 92% of the amortized cost basis of our investments as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, was composed of U.S. Treasury securities and agency mortgage-backed securities, which are of high credit quality and have no risk of credit-related impairment due to the nature of the counterparties and history of no credit losses, and (ii) we have not identified factors indicating credit-related impairment for the remaining investments and expect that the contractual principal and interest payments will be received. Additionally, we do not intend to sell the securities in loss positions nor is it more likely than not that we will be required to sell the securities prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis.
(2) Includes state municipal bond securities.
(3) Includes supranational bonds.
Schedule of Investment Securities in Gross Unrealized Loss Position
The following table presents information about our investments in AFS debt securities with gross unrealized losses and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
Less than 12 Months12 Months or LongerTotal
Fair ValueGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueGross Unrealized Losses
March 31, 2024
U.S. Treasury securities$337,363 $(97)$29,502 $(487)$366,865 $(584)
Corporate bonds— — 22,425 (911)22,425 (911)
Agency mortgage-backed securities262,792 (563)6,680 (892)269,472 (1,455)
Other asset-backed securities— — 4,001 (92)4,001 (92)
Other— — 775 (171)775 (171)
Total investments in AFS debt securities$600,155 $(660)$63,383 $(2,553)$663,538 $(3,213)
December 31, 2023
U.S. Treasury securities$480,012 $(58)$39,065 $(722)$519,077 $(780)
Multinational securities— — 8,634 (17)8,634 (17)
Corporate bonds— — 31,724 (1,092)31,724 (1,092)
Agency mortgage-backed securities20,930 (157)6,912 (859)27,842 (1,016)
Other asset-backed securities— — 7,122 (154)7,122 (154)
Other— — 788 (161)788 (161)
Total investments in AFS debt securities$500,942 $(215)$94,245 $(3,005)$595,187 $(3,220)
Schedule of Investments by Contractual Maturity
The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of our investments in AFS debt securities by contractual maturity:
Due Within One YearDue After One Year Through Five YearsDue After Five Years Through Ten YearsDue After Ten YearsTotal
March 31, 2024
Investments in AFS debt securities—Amortized cost:
U.S. Treasury securities$459,383 $6,376 $— $— $465,759 
Corporate bonds10,965 9,429 3,298 — 23,692 
Agency mortgage-backed securities— 122 10,721 334,608 345,451 
Other asset-backed securities— 4,092 — — 4,092 
Other— — — 942 942 
Total investments in AFS debt securities$470,348 $20,019 $14,019 $335,550 $839,936 
Weighted average yield for investments in AFS debt securities(1)
6.14 %1.33 %1.47 %2.80 %5.11 %
Investments in AFS debt securities—Fair value(2):
U.S. Treasury securities$459,077 $6,135 $— $— $465,212 
Corporate bonds10,781 9,079 2,922 — 22,782 
Agency mortgage-backed securities— 115 10,555 333,595 344,265 
Other asset-backed securities— 4,000 — — 4,000 
Other— — — 771 771 
Total investments in AFS debt securities$469,858 $19,329 $13,477 $334,366 $837,030 
_____________________
(1) The weighted average yield represents the effective yield for the investment securities owned at the end of the period and is computed based on the amortized cost of each security.
(2) Presentation of fair values of our investments in AFS debt securities by contractual maturity excludes total accrued interest of $1,476 as of March 31, 2024.
Schedule of Consolidated and Nonconsolidated VIEs
The following table presents the aggregate outstanding value of asset-backed bonds and residual interests owned by the Company in nonconsolidated VIEs, which are presented within investment securities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
March 31,
2024
December 31,
2023
Personal loans
$58,752 $27,247 
Student loans
75,840 79,501 
Securitization investments
$134,592 $106,748 
v3.24.1.u1
Deposits (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Deposits [Abstract]  
Schedule of Interest-Bearing Deposits
The following table presents a detail of interest-bearing deposits:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Savings deposits$16,583,020 $12,902,033 
Demand deposits(1)
2,480,456 2,663,335 
Time deposits(1)(2)
2,486,661 3,003,625 
Total interest-bearing deposits $21,550,137 $18,568,993 
_____________________
(1) As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, includes brokered deposits of $2,644,040 and $3,160,414, respectively, of which $2,447,328 and $2,971,462, respectively, are time deposits and $196,712 and $188,952, respectively, are demand deposits.
(2) As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the amount of time deposits that exceeded the insured limit (referred to as “uninsured deposits”) totaled $15,767 and $21,268, respectively.
Schedule of Future Maturities of Time Deposits
As of March 31, 2024, future maturities of our total time deposits were as follows:
Remainder of 2024$1,899,335 
2025585,066 
20262,009 
2027— 
2028251 
Thereafter— 
Total$2,486,661 
v3.24.1.u1
Debt (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Debt
The following table summarizes the components of our debt:
March 31, 2024

December 31, 2023
Borrowing Description
Total Collateral(1)
Stated Interest Rate(2)
Termination/Maturity(3)
Total Capacity
Total Outstanding(4)
Total Outstanding
Debt Facilities






Personal loan warehouse facilities

$354,851 

5.47% – 7.23%

June 2024 – October 2026

$4,625,000 

$296,921 

$1,077,444 
Student loan warehouse facilities

517,928 

6.09% – 7.48%

April 2024 – January 2027

3,945,000 

455,328 

2,095,046 
Risk retention warehouse facilities(5)

60,787 

6.84% – 8.69%

November 2024 – October 2027

100,000 

59,941 

67,038 
Revolving credit facility(6)


6.93%

April 2028

645,000 

486,000 

486,000 
Other Debt












Convertible senior notes, due 2026(7)



—%

October 2026



511,972 

1,111,972 
Convertible senior notes, due 2029(8)



1.25%

March 2029



862,500 

— 
Other financing(9)

169,929 



201,032 

— 

— 
Securitizations







Personal loan securitizations

384,246 

1.30% – 6.21%

September 2030 – May 2031


125,990 

239,340 
Student loan securitizations

152,387 

3.09% – 4.21%

July 2040 – August 2048


130,413 

182,744 
Total, before unamortized debt issuance costs, premiums and discounts





$2,929,065 

$5,259,584 
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs, premiums and discounts





(37,748)

(26,168)
Total debt





$2,891,317 

$5,233,416 
_________________
(1)As of March 31, 2024, represents the total of the unpaid principal balances within each debt category, with the exception of the risk retention warehouse facilities, which include securitization-related investments carried at fair value. In addition, certain securitization interests that eliminate in consolidation are pledged to risk retention warehouse facilities. Collateral balances relative to debt balances may vary period to period due to the timing of the next scheduled payment to the warehouse facility.
(2)For variable-rate debt, the ranges of stated interest rates are based on the interest rates in effect as of March 31, 2024. The interest on our variable-rate debt is typically designed as a reference rate plus a spread. Reference rates as of March 31, 2024 included overnight SOFR, one-month SOFR and commercial paper rates determined by the facility lenders. As debt arrangements are renewed, the reference rate and/or spread are subject to change. Unused commitment fees ranging from 0 to 65 bps on our various warehouse facilities are recognized within noninterest expense—general and administrative in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(3)For securitization debt, the maturity of the notes issued by the various trusts occurs upon either the maturity of the loan collateral or full payment of the loan collateral held in the trusts. Our maturity date represents the legal maturity of the last class of maturing notes. Securitization debt matures as loan collateral payments are made.
(4)There were $17.3 million of debt discounts issued during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
(5)For risk retention warehouse facilities, we only state capacity amounts for facilities wherein we can pledge additional asset-backed bonds and residual investments as of the balance sheet date.
(6)As of March 31, 2024, $13.1 million of the revolving credit facility total capacity was not available for general borrowing purposes because it was utilized to secure letters of credit. Refer to our letter of credit disclosures in Note 15. Commitments, Guarantees, Concentrations and Contingencies for more details. Additionally, the interest rate presented is the interest rate on standard withdrawals on our revolving credit facility, while same-day withdrawals incur interest based on the prime rate.
(7)The original issue discount and debt issuance costs related to the convertible senior notes due 2026 are amortized into interest expense—corporate borrowings in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the notes. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, total interest expense on the convertible notes was $1.2 million and $1.3 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, interest expense was related to amortization of debt discount and issuance costs, and the effective interest rate was 0.92% and 0.42%, respectively. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, unamortized debt discount and issuance costs were $5.7 million and $13.3 million, respectively, and the net carrying amount was $506.3 million and $1.1 billion, respectively.
(8)The original issue discount and debt issuance costs related to the convertible senior notes due 2029 are amortized into interest expense—corporate borrowings in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the notes. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, total interest expense on the convertible notes was $1.0 million and the effective interest rate was 1.37%. As of March 31, 2024, unamortized debt discount and issuance costs were $21.5 million, and the net carrying amount was $841.0 million.
(9)Includes $54.3 million of loans and $115.7 million of investment securities pledged as collateral to secure $151.0 million of available borrowing capacity with the FHLB, of which $27.2 million was not available as it was utilized to secure letters of credit. Refer to our letter of credit disclosures in Note 15. Commitments, Guarantees, Concentrations and Contingencies for more details. Also includes unsecured available borrowing capacity of $50.0 million with correspondent banks.
Schedule of Maturities of Borrowings
Future maturities of our outstanding debt with scheduled payments, which included our revolving credit facility and convertible notes, were as follows:
March 31, 2024
Remainder of 2024$— 
2025— 
2026511,972 
2027— 
2028486,000 
Thereafter862,500 
Total$1,860,472 
v3.24.1.u1
Equity (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]  
Schedule of Common Stock, Reserved for Future Issuance
The Company reserved the following common stock for future issuance:
March 31,
2024
December 31,
2023
Outstanding stock options, restricted stock units and performance stock units
105,777,283 99,016,409 
Outstanding common stock warrants12,170,990 12,170,990 
Conversion of convertible notes(1)
22,841,631 49,610,631 
Possible future issuance under stock plans
78,309,380 45,384,011 
Total common stock reserved for future issuance
219,099,284 206,182,041 
____________________
(1)Represents the number of common stock issuable upon conversion of all convertible notes at the conversion rate in effect at the balance sheet date. As of March 31, 2024, the 2026 convertible notes are potentially convertible into 22,841,631 shares of common stock, and there are no shares of common stock expected to be issued relating to the 2029 convertible notes, as there was no amount in excess of the expected cash redemption price which would require share settlement. See Note 9. Debt for additional information.
Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) The following table presents the rollforward of AOCI, inclusive of the changes in the components of other comprehensive income (loss):
AFS Debt SecuritiesForeign Currency Translation AdjustmentsTotal
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
AOCI, beginning balance$(2,201)$992 $(1,209)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications(1)
(700)(179)(879)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI into earnings— — — 
Net current-period other comprehensive loss(2)
(700)(179)(879)
AOCI, ending balance$(2,901)$813 $(2,088)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
AOCI, beginning balance$(8,611)$315 $(8,296)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(1)
2,076 (293)1,783 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI into earnings172 — 172 
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)(2)
2,248 (293)1,955 
AOCI, ending balance$(6,363)$22 $(6,341)
____________________
(1)Gross realized gains and losses from sales of our investments in AFS debt securities that were reclassified from AOCI to earnings are recorded within noninterest income—other in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). There were no reclassifications related to foreign currency translation adjustments during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
(2)There were no material tax impacts during any of the periods presented due to reserves against deferred tax assets in jurisdictions where other comprehensive loss activity was generated.
v3.24.1.u1
Derivative Financial Instruments (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Derivative Instruments
The following table presents the gains (losses) recognized on our derivative instruments:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Interest rate swaps(1)
$201,285 $(28,456)
Interest rate caps(1)
(2,283)(1,695)
Home loan pipeline hedges(1)
856 (1,077)
Derivative contracts to manage future loan sale execution risk199,858 (31,228)
Interest rate swaps(2)
6,063 (1,108)
IRLCs(1)
281 418 
Interest rate caps(1)
2,290 1,771 
Purchase price earn-out(1)(3)
— 
Third party warrants(4)
— 24 
Total
$208,492 $(30,114)
_____________________
(1) Recorded within noninterest income—loan origination. sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(2) Represents derivative contracts to manage securitization investment interest rate risk, which are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(3) In conjunction with a loan sale agreement, we are entitled to receive payments from the buyer of the loans underlying the agreement if the internal rate of return (as defined in the loan sale agreement) on such loans exceeds a specified hurdle, subject to a dollar cap.
(4) Includes amounts recorded within noninterest income—other, noninterest expense—cost of operations and noninterest expense—general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), the latter of which represents the amortization of a deferred liability recognized at the initial fair value of the third party warrants acquired, as we are also a customer of the third party.
Schedule of Offsetting Liabilities The following table presents information about derivative instruments subject to enforceable master netting arrangements:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Gross Derivative AssetsGross Derivative LiabilitiesGross Derivative AssetsGross Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate swaps$1,517 $(4,487)$2,208 $(1,347)
Interest rate caps— (986)— (3,276)
Home loan pipeline hedges20 (470)(1,328)
Total, gross1,537 (5,943)2,209 (5,951)
Derivative netting(1,537)1,537 (1,347)1,347 
Total, net(1)
$— $(4,406)$862 $(4,604)
_____________________
(1) As of March 31, 2024, we had a cash collateral requirement related to these instruments of $2,970. We did not have a cash collateral requirement related to these instruments as of December 31, 2023.
Schedule of Offsetting Assets The following table presents information about derivative instruments subject to enforceable master netting arrangements:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Gross Derivative AssetsGross Derivative LiabilitiesGross Derivative AssetsGross Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate swaps$1,517 $(4,487)$2,208 $(1,347)
Interest rate caps— (986)— (3,276)
Home loan pipeline hedges20 (470)(1,328)
Total, gross1,537 (5,943)2,209 (5,951)
Derivative netting(1,537)1,537 (1,347)1,347 
Total, net(1)
$— $(4,406)$862 $(4,604)
_____________________
(1) As of March 31, 2024, we had a cash collateral requirement related to these instruments of $2,970. We did not have a cash collateral requirement related to these instruments as of December 31, 2023.
Schedule of Notional Amounts of Derivatives
The following table presents the notional amount of derivative contracts outstanding:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Derivative contracts to manage future loan sale execution risk:
Interest rate swaps$12,230,700 $12,491,000 
Interest rate caps405,000 405,000 
Home loan pipeline hedges241,000 226,000 
Interest rate caps(1)
405,000 405,000 
Interest rate swaps(2)
79,300 84,000 
IRLCs(3)
169,759 126,388 
Total
$13,530,759 $13,737,388 
_____________________
(1) We sold an interest rate cap that was subject to master netting to offset an interest rate cap purchase made in conjunction with a contract to manage future loan sale execution risk.
(2) Represents interest rate swaps utilized to manage interest rate risk associated with certain of our securitization investments.
(3) Amounts correspond with home loan funding commitments subject to IRLC agreements.
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
The following table summarizes, by level within the fair value hierarchy, the estimated fair values of our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Fair ValueFair Value
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets
Investments in AFS debt securities(1)(2)
$465,491 $373,015 $— $838,506 $527,711 $67,476 $— $595,187 
Asset-backed bonds(2)(3)
— 98,739 — 98,739 — 70,828 — 70,828 
Residual investments(2)(3)
— — 35,853 35,853 — — 35,920 35,920 
Loans at fair value(4)
— 59,477 21,891,166 21,950,643 — 66,198 22,056,057 22,122,255 
Servicing rights— — 240,752 240,752 — — 180,469 180,469 
Third party warrants(5)(6)
— — 630 630 — — 630 630 
Derivative assets(5)(7)(8)
— 1,537 — 1,537 — 2,209 — 2,209 
IRLCs(5)(9)
— — 2,436 2,436 — — 2,155 2,155 
Student loan commitments(5)(9)
— — 314 314 — — 5,465 5,465 
Interest rate caps(5)(8)
— 986 — 986 — 3,269 — 3,269 
Digital assets safeguarding asset(5)(10)
— — — — — 9,292 — 9,292 
Total assets
$465,491 $533,754 $22,171,151 $23,170,396 $527,711 $219,272 $22,280,696 $23,027,679 
Liabilities
Debt(11)
$— $107,409 $— $107,409 $— $119,641 $— $119,641 
Residual interests classified as debt— — 4,129 4,129 — — 7,396 7,396 
Derivative liabilities(5)(7)(8)
— 5,943 — 5,943 — 5,951 — 5,951 
Digital assets safeguarding liability(5)(10)
— — — — — 9,292 — 9,292 
Total liabilities
$— $113,352 $4,129 $117,481 $— $134,884 $7,396 $142,280 
_____________________
(1)The investments in AFS debt securities that were classified as Level 2 rely upon observable inputs other than quoted prices, dealer quotes in markets that are not active and implied pricing derived from new issuances of similar securities. See Note 6. Investment Securities for additional information.
(2)These assets are presented within investment securities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(3)These assets represent the carrying value of our holdings in VIEs wherein we were not deemed the primary beneficiary. See Note 7. Securitization and Variable Interest Entities for additional information. We classify asset-backed bonds as Level 2 due to the use of quoted prices for similar assets in markets that are not active, as well as certain factors specific to us. The key inputs used to value the asset-backed bonds include the discount rate and conditional prepayment rate. The fair value of our asset-backed bonds was not materially impacted by default assumptions on the underlying securitization loans, as the subordinate residual interests are expected to absorb all estimated losses based on our default assumptions for the period. We classify the residual investments as Level 3 due to the reliance on significant unobservable valuation inputs.
(4)Home loans are classified as Level 2 due to observable pricing sources utilized by management. Personal loans and student loans classified as Level 3 do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices. Personal loans and home loans are presented within loans held for sale, at fair value, and student loans are presented within loans held for investment, at fair value.
(5)These assets and liabilities are presented within other assets and accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities, respectively, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(6)The key unobservable assumption used in the fair value measurement of the third party warrants was the price of the stock underlying the warrants. The fair value was measured as the difference between the stock price and the strike price of the warrants. As the strike price was insignificant, we concluded that the impact of time value on the fair value measure was immaterial.
(7)For certain derivative instruments for which an enforceable master netting agreement exists, we elected to net derivative assets and derivative liabilities by counterparty. These instruments are presented on a gross basis herein. See Note 11. Derivative Financial Instruments for additional information.
(8)Home loan pipeline hedges represent TBAs used as economic hedges of loan fair values and are classified as Level 2, as we rely on quoted market prices from similar loan pools that transact in the marketplace. Interest rate swaps and interest rate caps are classified as Level 2, because these financial instruments do not trade in active markets with observable prices, but rely on observable inputs other than quoted prices. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, interest rate swaps and interest rate caps were valued using the overnight SOFR curve and the implied volatilities suggested by the SOFR rate curve. These were determined to be observable inputs from active markets.
(9)IRLCs and student loan commitments are classified as Level 3 because of our reliance on assumed loan funding probabilities. The assumed probabilities are based on our internal historical experience with home loans and student loans similar to those in the funding pipelines on the measurement date.
(10)The digital assets safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset are classified as Level 2, because they do not trade in active markets, and are valued using quoted prices on an active exchange that has been identified as the principal market for the underlying digital assets that were being held by our third-party custodians for the benefit of our members. In the fourth quarter of 2023, we transferred the crypto services provided by SoFi Digital Assets, LLC, and began closing existing digital assets accounts. This process was completed in the first quarter of 2024, subsequent to which we have no digital assets safeguarding liability and safeguarding asset.
(11)The fair value of our securitization debt was classified as Level 2 and valued using a discounted cash flow model, with key inputs relating to the underlying contractual coupons, terms, discount rate and expectations for defaults and prepayments. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the unpaid principal related to debt measured at fair value was $114,960 and $128,619, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, losses from changes in fair value were $1,427. The estimated amounts of gains (losses) included in earnings attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk, which were derived principally from observable changes in credit spread as observed in the bond market and default assumptions, were immaterial for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023.
Schedule of Changes in Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following tables present the changes in our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). We did not have any transfers into or out of Level 3 during the periods presented.
Fair Value atFair Value at
January 1,
2024
Impact on EarningsPurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOther ChangesMarch 31,
2024
Assets
Personal loans$15,330,573 $(269,426)$16,580 $(1,262,854)$3,278,882 $(2,035,697)$(1,053)$15,057,005 
Student loans6,725,484 (17,117)— (294,187)751,680 (335,937)4,238 6,834,161 
Loans at fair value(1)
22,056,057 (286,543)16,580 (1,557,041)4,030,562 (2,371,634)3,185 21,891,166 
Servicing rights(2)
180,469 5,226 980 (53)75,554 (21,424)— 240,752 
Residual investments(3)
35,920 732 2,553 — — (3,352)— 35,853 
IRLCs(4)
2,155 2,436 — — — (2,155)— 2,436 
Student loan commitments(4)
5,465 314 — — — (5,465)— 314 
Third party warrants(5)
630 — — — — — — 630 
Liabilities
Residual interests classified as debt(3)
(7,396)(73)— — — 3,340 — (4,129)
Net impact on earnings$(277,908)
Fair Value atFair Value at
January 1,
2023
Impact on EarningsPurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOther ChangesMarch 31,
2023
Assets
Personal loans$8,610,434 $86,200 $40,039 $— $2,951,358 $(1,150,926)$(106)$10,536,999 
Student loans4,877,177 64,699 — — 525,373 (229,681)2,491 5,240,059 
Home loans(6)
69,463 (494)552 (77,880)89,787 (381)— 81,047 
Loans at fair value(1)
13,557,074 150,405 40,591 (77,880)3,566,518 (1,380,988)2,385 15,858,105 
Servicing rights(2)
149,854 12,084 613 (135)954 (16,856)— 146,514 
Residual investments(3)
46,238 1,104 — (306)— (4,076)— 42,960 
Purchase price earn out(7’)
54 — — — (63)— — 
IRLCs(4)
216 634 — — — (216)— 634 
Student loan commitments(4)
(236)75 — — — 236 — 75 
Third party warrants(5)
630 — — — — — — 630 
Liabilities
Residual interests classified as debt(3)
(17,048)(89)— — — 1,572 — (15,565)
Net impact on earnings$164,222 
_____________________
(1)For loans at fair value, purchases reflect unpaid principal balance and relate to previously transferred loans. Purchase activity included elective repurchases of $16.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and securitization clean-up calls of $39.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The remaining purchases during the periods presented related to standard representations and warranties pursuant to our various loan sale agreements. Issuances represent the principal balance of loans originated during the period. Settlements represent principal payments made on loans during the period. Other changes represent fair value adjustments that impact the balance sheet primarily associated with whole loan strategic repurchases, clean up calls and consolidated securitizations. Impacts on earnings for loans at fair value are recorded within interest income—loans and
securitizations, within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations, and within noninterest expense—general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(2)For servicing rights, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—servicing in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(3)For residual investments, sales include the derecognition of investments associated with securitization clean up calls. The estimated amounts of gains and losses for residual investments included in earnings attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk were immaterial during the periods presented. For residual investments and residual interests classified as debt, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), a portion of which is subsequently reclassified to interest expense—securitizations and warehouses for residual interests classified as debt and to interest income—loans and securitizations for residual investments, but does not impact the liability or asset balance, respectively.
(4)For IRLCs and student loan commitments, settlements reflect funded and unfunded adjustments representing the unpaid principal balance of funded and unfunded loans during the quarter multiplied by the IRLC or student loan commitment price in effect at the beginning of the quarter. Purchases of IRLCs during the three months ended March 31, 2024 were associated with our acquisition of Wyndham. For year-to-date periods, amounts represent the summation of the per-quarter effects. For IRLCs and student loan commitments, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(5)For third party warrants, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—other in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(6)During the fourth quarter of 2023, we transferred home loans out of Level 3 into Level 2 relating to an update to observable pricing sources utilized by management, as part of the integration of Wyndham.
(7)For purchase price earn out, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
Schedule of Changes in Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following tables present the changes in our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). We did not have any transfers into or out of Level 3 during the periods presented.
Fair Value atFair Value at
January 1,
2024
Impact on EarningsPurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOther ChangesMarch 31,
2024
Assets
Personal loans$15,330,573 $(269,426)$16,580 $(1,262,854)$3,278,882 $(2,035,697)$(1,053)$15,057,005 
Student loans6,725,484 (17,117)— (294,187)751,680 (335,937)4,238 6,834,161 
Loans at fair value(1)
22,056,057 (286,543)16,580 (1,557,041)4,030,562 (2,371,634)3,185 21,891,166 
Servicing rights(2)
180,469 5,226 980 (53)75,554 (21,424)— 240,752 
Residual investments(3)
35,920 732 2,553 — — (3,352)— 35,853 
IRLCs(4)
2,155 2,436 — — — (2,155)— 2,436 
Student loan commitments(4)
5,465 314 — — — (5,465)— 314 
Third party warrants(5)
630 — — — — — — 630 
Liabilities
Residual interests classified as debt(3)
(7,396)(73)— — — 3,340 — (4,129)
Net impact on earnings$(277,908)
Fair Value atFair Value at
January 1,
2023
Impact on EarningsPurchasesSalesIssuancesSettlementsOther ChangesMarch 31,
2023
Assets
Personal loans$8,610,434 $86,200 $40,039 $— $2,951,358 $(1,150,926)$(106)$10,536,999 
Student loans4,877,177 64,699 — — 525,373 (229,681)2,491 5,240,059 
Home loans(6)
69,463 (494)552 (77,880)89,787 (381)— 81,047 
Loans at fair value(1)
13,557,074 150,405 40,591 (77,880)3,566,518 (1,380,988)2,385 15,858,105 
Servicing rights(2)
149,854 12,084 613 (135)954 (16,856)— 146,514 
Residual investments(3)
46,238 1,104 — (306)— (4,076)— 42,960 
Purchase price earn out(7’)
54 — — — (63)— — 
IRLCs(4)
216 634 — — — (216)— 634 
Student loan commitments(4)
(236)75 — — — 236 — 75 
Third party warrants(5)
630 — — — — — — 630 
Liabilities
Residual interests classified as debt(3)
(17,048)(89)— — — 1,572 — (15,565)
Net impact on earnings$164,222 
_____________________
(1)For loans at fair value, purchases reflect unpaid principal balance and relate to previously transferred loans. Purchase activity included elective repurchases of $16.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and securitization clean-up calls of $39.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The remaining purchases during the periods presented related to standard representations and warranties pursuant to our various loan sale agreements. Issuances represent the principal balance of loans originated during the period. Settlements represent principal payments made on loans during the period. Other changes represent fair value adjustments that impact the balance sheet primarily associated with whole loan strategic repurchases, clean up calls and consolidated securitizations. Impacts on earnings for loans at fair value are recorded within interest income—loans and
securitizations, within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations, and within noninterest expense—general and administrative in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(2)For servicing rights, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—servicing in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(3)For residual investments, sales include the derecognition of investments associated with securitization clean up calls. The estimated amounts of gains and losses for residual investments included in earnings attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk were immaterial during the periods presented. For residual investments and residual interests classified as debt, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), a portion of which is subsequently reclassified to interest expense—securitizations and warehouses for residual interests classified as debt and to interest income—loans and securitizations for residual investments, but does not impact the liability or asset balance, respectively.
(4)For IRLCs and student loan commitments, settlements reflect funded and unfunded adjustments representing the unpaid principal balance of funded and unfunded loans during the quarter multiplied by the IRLC or student loan commitment price in effect at the beginning of the quarter. Purchases of IRLCs during the three months ended March 31, 2024 were associated with our acquisition of Wyndham. For year-to-date periods, amounts represent the summation of the per-quarter effects. For IRLCs and student loan commitments, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(5)For third party warrants, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—other in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
(6)During the fourth quarter of 2023, we transferred home loans out of Level 3 into Level 2 relating to an update to observable pricing sources utilized by management, as part of the integration of Wyndham.
(7)For purchase price earn out, impacts on earnings are recorded within noninterest income—loan origination, sales, and securitizations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
Schedule of Valuation Inputs and Assumptions
The following key unobservable assumptions were used in the fair value measurement of our loans:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRangeWeighted Average
Personal loans
Conditional prepayment rate
18.4% – 29.5%
24.7%
17.5% – 29.5%
23.2%
Annual default rate
4.7% – 48.7%
4.8%
4.5% – 50.4%
4.8%
Discount rate
5.7% – 8.1%
5.8%
5.5% – 8.1%
5.5%
Student loans
Conditional prepayment rate
7.7% – 12.6%
10.5%
8.4% – 12.6%
10.5%
Annual default rate
0.6% – 6.1%
0.6%
0.4% – 6.4%
0.6%
Discount rate
4.3% – 8.8%
4.3%
4.1% – 8.1%
4.3%
The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurement of our classes of servicing rights:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
Personal loans
Market servicing costs
0.2% – 1.0%
0.2%
0.1% – 1.8%
0.2%
Conditional prepayment rate
8.6% – 38.1%
22.5%
17.9% – 35.5%
22.4%
Annual default rate
3.3% – 16.0%
4.0%
3.3% – 22.5%
4.7%
Discount rate
8.8% – 20.0%
9.1%
8.8% – 8.8%
8.8%
Student loans
Market servicing costs
0.1% – 0.2%
0.1%
0.1% – 0.2%
0.1%
Conditional prepayment rate
8.1% – 15.1%
12.1%
10.9% – 15.3%
12.2%
Annual default rate
0.3% – 3.6%
0.7%
0.3% – 3.7%
0.6%
Discount rate
8.8% – 8.8%
8.8%
8.8% – 8.8%
8.8%
Home loans
Market servicing costs
0.1% – 0.2%
0.2%
0.1% – 0.2%
0.2%
Conditional prepayment rate
5.5% – 23.8%
8.6%
5.6% – 24.0%
8.1%
Annual default rate
0.1% – 0.1%
0.1%
0.1% – 0.1%
0.1%
Discount rate
9.2% – 10.0%
9.3%
9.2% – 10.0%
9.3%
The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurements of our residual investments and residual interests classified as debt:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
Residual investments
Conditional prepayment rate
12.4% – 29.9%
15.5%
12.2% – 28.3%
14.8%
Annual default rate
0.5% – 6.9%
1.5%
0.5% – 6.9%
1.4%
Discount rate
5.8% – 13.5%
8.8%
5.8% – 15.5%
8.7%
Residual interests classified as debt
Conditional prepayment rate
12.7% – 12.8%
12.8%
12.3% – 12.6%
12.4%
Annual default rate
0.8% – 0.8%
0.8%
0.7% – 0.7%
0.7%
Discount rate
10.0% – 10.3%
10.0%
10.0% – 10.3%
10.0%
The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurements of our IRLCs and student loan commitments:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
IRLCs
Loan funding probability(1)
48.9% – 85.8%
79.2%
71.9% – 77.2%
76.3%
Student loan commitments
Loan funding probability(1)
95.0% – 95.0%
95.0%
95.0% – 95.0%
95.0%
___________________
(1)The aggregate amount of student loans we committed to fund was $6,459 as of March 31, 2024. See Note 11. Derivative Financial Instruments for the aggregate notional amount associated with IRLCs.
The following table summarizes the inputs used for estimating the fair value of PSUs granted:
InputThree Months Ended
March 31, 2024
Risk-free interest rate
4.5%
Expected volatility
73.0%
Fair value of common stock
$8.02
Dividend yield
—%
Schedule of Sensitivity Analysis for Servicing Rights
The following table presents the estimated decrease to the fair value of our servicing rights if the key assumptions had each of the below adverse changes:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Market servicing costs
2.5 basis points increase
$(6,466)$(6,176)
5.0 basis points increase
(12,931)(12,351)
Conditional prepayment rate
10% increase
$(6,881)$(5,189)
20% increase
(13,400)(10,098)
Annual default rate
10% increase
$(550)$(480)
20% increase
(1,094)(921)
Discount rate
100 basis points increase
$(5,409)$(4,674)
200 basis points increase
(10,498)(9,054)
Fair Value Disclosure of Asset and Liability Not Measured at Fair Value
The following table summarizes the carrying values and estimated fair values, by level within the fair value hierarchy, of our assets and liabilities that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
Fair Value
Carrying ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
March 31, 2024
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents(1)
$3,693,390 $3,693,390 $— $— $3,693,390 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents(1)
454,518 454,518 — — 454,518 
Loans at amortized cost(2)
1,250,231 — — 1,281,749 1,281,749 
Other investments(3)
92,805 — 92,805 — 92,805 
Total assets
$5,490,944 $4,147,908 $92,805 $1,281,749 $5,522,462 
Liabilities
Deposits(4)
$21,604,594 $— $21,602,954 $— $21,602,954 
Debt(5)
2,783,908 1,311,986 1,445,303 — 2,757,289 
Total liabilities
$24,388,502 $1,311,986 $23,048,257 $— $24,360,243 
December 31, 2023
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents(1)
$3,085,020 $3,085,020 $— $— $3,085,020 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents(1)
530,558 530,558 — — 530,558 
Loans at amortized cost(2)
836,159 — — 864,312 864,312 
Other investments(3)
83,551 — 83,551 — 83,551 
Total assets
$4,535,288 $3,615,578 $83,551 $864,312 $4,563,441 
Liabilities
Deposits(4)
$18,620,663 $— $18,612,822 $— $18,612,822 
Debt(5)
5,113,775 955,306 4,024,516 — 4,979,822 
Total liabilities
$23,734,438 $955,306 $22,637,338 $— $23,592,644 
___________________
(1)The carrying amounts of our cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturities and highly liquid nature of these accounts.
(2)The fair value of our credit cards was determined using a discounted cash flow model with key inputs relating to weighted average lives, expected lifetime loss rates and discount rate. The fair value of our commercial and consumer banking and senior secured loans was determined using a discounted cash flow model with key inputs relating to the underlying contractual coupons, terms, discount rate and expectations for defaults.
(3)Other investments include FRB stock and FHLB stock, which are presented within other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(4)The fair values of our deposits without contractually defined maturities (such as demand and savings deposits) and our noninterest-bearing deposits approximate their carrying values. The fair value of our time-based deposits was determined using a discounted cash flow model based on rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.
(5)The carrying value of our debt is net of unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs. The fair value of our convertible notes was classified as Level 1, as it was based on an observable market quote. The fair values of our warehouse facility debt and revolving credit facility debt were classified as Level 2 based on market factors and credit factors specific to these financial instruments. The fair value of our securitization debt was classified as Level 2 and valued using a discounted cash flow model, with key inputs relating to the underlying contractual coupons, terms, discount rate and expectations for defaults and prepayments.
v3.24.1.u1
Share-Based Compensation (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation
Share-based compensation expense related to stock options, RSUs and PSUs is presented within the following line items in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss):
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Technology and product development$19,279 $18,228 
Sales and marketing4,962 6,587 
Cost of operations2,918 1,500 
General and administrative27,923 37,911 
Total
$55,082 $64,226 
Schedule of Stock Option Activity
The following is a summary of stock option activity:
Number of
Stock Options
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
(in years)
Outstanding as of January 1, 202417,896,732 $7.70 3.8
Exercised(171,555)2.71 
Expired
(3,267)6.23 
Outstanding as of March 31, 202417,721,910 $7.75 3.5
Exercisable as of March 31, 202417,721,910 $7.75 3.5
Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity
The following table summarizes RSU activity:
Number of
RSUs
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding as of January 1, 202464,879,496 $7.95 
Granted
22,501,316 7.49 
Vested(1)
(8,360,975)8.25 
Forfeited
(5,878,073)8.36 
Outstanding as of March 31, 2024
73,141,764$7.74 
________________________
(1)The total fair value, based on grant date fair value, of RSUs that vested during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $69.0 million.
Schedule of Performance Stock Unit Activity
The following table summarizes PSU activity:
Number of
PSUs
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding as of January 1, 202416,240,181 $10.29 
Granted
726,217 9.17 
Forfeited
(2,052,789)7.52 
Outstanding as of March 31, 2024
14,913,609 $10.61 
Schedule of Valuation Inputs and Assumptions
The following key unobservable assumptions were used in the fair value measurement of our loans:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRangeWeighted Average
Personal loans
Conditional prepayment rate
18.4% – 29.5%
24.7%
17.5% – 29.5%
23.2%
Annual default rate
4.7% – 48.7%
4.8%
4.5% – 50.4%
4.8%
Discount rate
5.7% – 8.1%
5.8%
5.5% – 8.1%
5.5%
Student loans
Conditional prepayment rate
7.7% – 12.6%
10.5%
8.4% – 12.6%
10.5%
Annual default rate
0.6% – 6.1%
0.6%
0.4% – 6.4%
0.6%
Discount rate
4.3% – 8.8%
4.3%
4.1% – 8.1%
4.3%
The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurement of our classes of servicing rights:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
Personal loans
Market servicing costs
0.2% – 1.0%
0.2%
0.1% – 1.8%
0.2%
Conditional prepayment rate
8.6% – 38.1%
22.5%
17.9% – 35.5%
22.4%
Annual default rate
3.3% – 16.0%
4.0%
3.3% – 22.5%
4.7%
Discount rate
8.8% – 20.0%
9.1%
8.8% – 8.8%
8.8%
Student loans
Market servicing costs
0.1% – 0.2%
0.1%
0.1% – 0.2%
0.1%
Conditional prepayment rate
8.1% – 15.1%
12.1%
10.9% – 15.3%
12.2%
Annual default rate
0.3% – 3.6%
0.7%
0.3% – 3.7%
0.6%
Discount rate
8.8% – 8.8%
8.8%
8.8% – 8.8%
8.8%
Home loans
Market servicing costs
0.1% – 0.2%
0.2%
0.1% – 0.2%
0.2%
Conditional prepayment rate
5.5% – 23.8%
8.6%
5.6% – 24.0%
8.1%
Annual default rate
0.1% – 0.1%
0.1%
0.1% – 0.1%
0.1%
Discount rate
9.2% – 10.0%
9.3%
9.2% – 10.0%
9.3%
The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurements of our residual investments and residual interests classified as debt:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
Residual investments
Conditional prepayment rate
12.4% – 29.9%
15.5%
12.2% – 28.3%
14.8%
Annual default rate
0.5% – 6.9%
1.5%
0.5% – 6.9%
1.4%
Discount rate
5.8% – 13.5%
8.8%
5.8% – 15.5%
8.7%
Residual interests classified as debt
Conditional prepayment rate
12.7% – 12.8%
12.8%
12.3% – 12.6%
12.4%
Annual default rate
0.8% – 0.8%
0.8%
0.7% – 0.7%
0.7%
Discount rate
10.0% – 10.3%
10.0%
10.0% – 10.3%
10.0%
The following key unobservable inputs were used in the fair value measurements of our IRLCs and student loan commitments:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
RangeWeighted AverageRange
Weighted Average
IRLCs
Loan funding probability(1)
48.9% – 85.8%
79.2%
71.9% – 77.2%
76.3%
Student loan commitments
Loan funding probability(1)
95.0% – 95.0%
95.0%
95.0% – 95.0%
95.0%
___________________
(1)The aggregate amount of student loans we committed to fund was $6,459 as of March 31, 2024. See Note 11. Derivative Financial Instruments for the aggregate notional amount associated with IRLCs.
The following table summarizes the inputs used for estimating the fair value of PSUs granted:
InputThree Months Ended
March 31, 2024
Risk-free interest rate
4.5%
Expected volatility
73.0%
Fair value of common stock
$8.02
Dividend yield
—%
v3.24.1.u1
Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Schedule of Earnings Per Share
The calculations of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share were as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Numerator:
Net income (loss)$88,043 $(34,422)
Less: Redeemable preferred stock dividends
(10,079)(9,968)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders – basic
$77,964 $(44,390)
Plus: Dilutive effect of convertible notes, net(1)
(55,441)— 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders – diluted(1)(2)
$22,523 $(44,390)
Denominator:
Weighted average common stock outstanding – basic
982,617,492 929,270,723 
Effect of dilutive securities(2):
Convertible notes47,845,642 — 
Unvested RSUs9,752,440 — 
Common stock options2,260,927 — 
Weighted average common stock outstanding – diluted
1,042,476,501 929,270,723 
Earnings (loss) per share – basic
$0.08 $(0.05)
Earnings (loss) per share – diluted
$0.02 $(0.05)
________________________
(1)For the three months ended March 31, 2024, diluted earnings per share of $0.02 and diluted net income attributable to common stockholders of $22,523 exclude gain on extinguishment of debt, net of tax, associated with convertible note activity during the period, as well as interest expense incurred, net of tax, related to convertible notes due 2026.
(2)During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, 81.0 million and 194.8 million shares, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share, as the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share
The following table presents all potentially dilutive stock elements, and reflect the number of instruments outstanding at the end of the period.
March 31,
20242023
Common stock options
17,721,910 18,569,877 
Common stock warrants
12,170,990 12,170,990 
Unvested RSUs(1)
73,141,764 86,139,377 
Unvested PSUs
14,913,609 18,073,029 
Convertible notes(2)
22,841,631 53,538,000 
Contingent common stock(3)
45,859 6,305,595 
________________________
(1)As of March 31, 2024, includes DSUs granted to non-employee directors. See Note 13. Share-Based Compensation for additional information.
(2)Represents the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of all convertible notes at the conversion rate in effect at the date indicated. As of March 31, 2024, the 2026 convertible notes are potentially convertible into 22,841,631 shares of common stock, and there are no shares of common stock expected to be issued relating to the 2029 convertible notes, as there was no amount in excess of the expected cash redemption price which would require share settlement. See Note 9. Debt for additional information.
(3)Represents contingently returnable common stock in connection with the Technisys Merger, which consists of shares that continue to be held in escrow pending resolution of outstanding indemnification claims by SoFi. These shares were issued in 2022 and partially released in 2023. See Note 2. Business Combinations for additional information.
v3.24.1.u1
Business Segment Information (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Schedule of Reportable Segments
The following tables present financial information, including the measure of contribution profit (loss), for each reportable segment:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Lending
Technology
Platform
Financial Services
Reportable Segments Total(1)
Corporate/Other(1)
Total
Net revenue
Net interest income
$266,536 $501 $119,713 $386,750 $15,968 $402,718 
Noninterest income(2)
63,940 93,865 30,838 188,643 53,634 242,277 
Total net revenue
$330,476 $94,366 $150,551 $575,393 $69,602 $644,995 
Servicing rights – change in valuation inputs or assumptions(3)
(5,226)— — (5,226)
Residual interests classified as debt – change in valuation inputs or assumptions(4)
73 — — 73 
Directly attributable expenses
(117,604)(63,624)(113,377)(294,605)
Contribution profit
$207,719 $30,742 $37,174 $275,635 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023Lending
Technology
Platform
Financial Services
Reportable Segments Total(1)
Corporate/Other(1)
Total
Net revenue
Net interest income (expense)$201,047 $— $58,037 $259,084 $(23,074)$236,010 
Noninterest income (expense)(2)
136,034 77,887 23,064 236,985 (837)236,148 
Total net revenue (loss)$337,081 $77,887 $81,101 $496,069 $(23,911)$472,158 
Servicing rights – change in valuation inputs or assumptions(3)
(12,084)— — (12,084)
Residual interests classified as debt – change in valuation inputs or assumptions(4)
89 — — 89 
Directly attributable expenses
(115,188)(63,030)(105,336)(283,554)
Contribution profit (loss)$209,898 $14,857 $(24,235)$200,520 
____________________
(1)Within the Technology Platform segment, intercompany fees were $7,001 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and $3,741 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The equal and offsetting intercompany expenses are reflected within all three segments’ directly attributable expenses, as well as within expenses not allocated to segments. The intercompany revenues and expenses are eliminated in consolidation. The revenues are eliminated within Corporate/Other and the expenses are adjusted in our reconciliation of directly attributable expenses below.
(2)Refer to Note 3. Revenue for a reconciliation of revenue from contracts with customers to total noninterest income (expense).
(3)Reflects changes in fair value inputs and assumptions, including market servicing costs, conditional prepayment, default rates and discount rates. This non-cash change, which is recorded within noninterest income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), is unrealized during the period and, therefore, has no impact on our cash flows from operations. As such, the changes in fair value attributable to assumption changes are adjusted to provide management and financial users with better visibility into the cash flows available to finance our operations.
(4)Reflects changes in fair value inputs and assumptions, including conditional prepayment, default rates and discount rates. When third parties finance our consolidated VIEs through purchasing residual interests, we receive proceeds at the time of the securitization close and, thereafter, pass along contractual cash flows to the residual interest owner. These obligations are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, with fair value changes recorded within noninterest income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The fair value change attributable to assumption changes has no impact on our initial financing proceeds, our future obligations to the residual interest owner (because future residual interest claims are limited to securitization collateral cash flows), or the general operations of our business. As such, this non-cash change in fair value during the period is adjusted to provide management and financial users with better visibility into the cash flows available to finance our operations.
The following table reconciles reportable segments total contribution profit to income (loss) before income taxes. Expenses not allocated to reportable segments represent items that are not considered by our CODM in evaluating segment performance or allocating resources.
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Reportable segments total contribution profit $275,635 $200,520 
Corporate/Other total net income (loss)

69,602 (23,911)
Intercompany expenses7,001 3,741 
Servicing rights – change in valuation inputs or assumptions5,226 12,084 
Residual interests classified as debt – change in valuation inputs or assumptions(73)(89)
Expenses not allocated to segments:
Share-based compensation expense(55,082)(64,226)
Employee-related costs(1)
(62,384)(61,814)
Depreciation and amortization expense(48,539)(45,321)
Other corporate and unallocated expenses(2)
(97,160)(57,043)
Income (loss) before income taxes$94,226 $(36,059)
__________________
(1)Includes compensation, benefits, restructuring charges, recruiting, certain occupancy-related costs and various travel costs of executive management, certain technology groups and general and administrative functions that are not directly attributable to the reportable segments.
(2)Represents corporate overhead costs that are not allocated to reportable segments, which primarily includes corporate marketing and advertising costs, tools and subscription costs, professional services costs, corporate and FDIC insurance costs, foreign currency translation adjustments and transaction-related expenses.
v3.24.1.u1
Organization, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and New Accounting Standards (Details)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
day
segment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Number of reportable segments | segment 3
Convertible senior notes due 2029 | Convertible Debt  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Face amount | $ $ 862.5
Convertible debt, threshold, trading days preceding maturity date | day 30
v3.24.1.u1
Business Combinations - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Goodwill $ 1,393,505 $ 1,393,505  
Lending      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Goodwill 17,688    
Technology Platform      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Goodwill 1,338,658    
Financial Services      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Goodwill $ 37,159    
Technisys S.A. | Common Stock      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Shares held in escrow, released (in shares)   6,259,736  
Shares held in escrow (in shares) 45,859   6,305,595
v3.24.1.u1
Revenue - Schedule of Revenues (Details) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue from contracts with customers $ 115,609,000 $ 95,482,000  
Loan origination, sales, and securitizations 57,000,000 123,334,000  
Servicing 6,974,000 12,742,000  
Other 62,694,000 4,590,000  
Total other sources of revenue 126,668,000 140,666,000  
Total noninterest income 242,277,000 236,148,000  
Deferred revenue 5,655,000   $ 5,718,000
Deferred revenue, amount recognized 1,300,000 2,340,000  
Lending      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue from contracts with customers 0 0  
Financial Services      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue from contracts with customers 29,699,000 22,260,000  
Technology Platform      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue from contracts with customers 85,910,000 73,222,000  
Referrals | Financial Services      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue from contracts with customers 12,736,000 9,626,000  
Interchange | Financial Services      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue from contracts with customers 12,002,000 7,269,000  
Brokerage | Financial Services      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue from contracts with customers 4,034,000 4,878,000  
Other | Financial Services      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue from contracts with customers 927,000 487,000  
Technology services | Technology Platform      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue from contracts with customers 84,650,000 72,129,000  
Other | Technology Platform      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue from contracts with customers $ 1,260,000 $ 1,093,000  
v3.24.1.u1
Revenue - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]    
Accounts receivable associated with revenue from contracts with customer, net $ 66,323 $ 60,466
v3.24.1.u1
Loans - Schedule of Loan Portfolio (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale, at fair value $ 15,116,482 $ 15,396,771
Loans held for investment, at fair value 6,834,161 6,725,484
Loans held for investment, after allowance for credit loss 1,250,231 836,159
Total loans held for investment 8,084,392 7,561,643
Total loans 23,200,874 22,958,414
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale, at fair value 388,980 502,757
Loans held for investment, at fair value 158,191 221,461
Senior Secured Loans Portfolio Segment    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for investment, after allowance for credit loss 845,794 446,463
Commercial and Consumer Banking    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for investment, after allowance for credit loss 131,506 117,068
Personal loans | Personal loans    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale, at fair value 15,057,005 15,330,573
Personal loans | Personal loans | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale, at fair value 388,980 502,757
Home loans | Home Loans    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale, at fair value 59,477 66,198
Student loans | Student Loans    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for investment, at fair value 6,834,161 6,725,484
Covered by financial guarantees 2,343,557 2,459,103
Student loans | Student Loans | Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale, at fair value 158,191 221,461
Credit card | Credit card    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for investment, after allowance for credit loss 272,931 272,628
Commercial real estate | Commercial and Consumer Banking    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for investment, after allowance for credit loss 122,612 106,326
Commercial and industrial | Commercial and Consumer Banking    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for investment, after allowance for credit loss 5,522 6,075
Residential real estate and other consumer | Commercial and Consumer Banking    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Loans held for investment, after allowance for credit loss $ 3,372 $ 4,667
v3.24.1.u1
Loans - Schedule of Loans Measured at Fair Value (Details) - Fair Value, Recurring - Fair Value - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance $ 20,950,389 $ 21,011,621
Accumulated interest 143,802 148,990
Cumulative fair value adjustments 856,452 961,644
Total fair value of loans 21,950,643 22,122,255
Fair value of loans 90 days or more delinquent    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance 111,514 90,532
Accumulated interest 4,508 4,216
Cumulative fair value adjustments (93,099) (75,460)
Total fair value of loans 22,923 19,288
Personal Loans | Personal loans    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance 14,332,874 14,498,629
Accumulated interest 116,366 114,541
Cumulative fair value adjustments 607,765 717,403
Total fair value of loans 15,057,005 15,330,573
Personal Loans | Fair value of loans 90 days or more delinquent | Personal loans    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance 102,581 81,591
Accumulated interest 4,313 4,023
Cumulative fair value adjustments (87,603) (70,191)
Total fair value of loans 19,291 15,423
Student Loans | Student Loans    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance 6,559,211 6,445,586
Accumulated interest 27,414 34,357
Cumulative fair value adjustments 247,536 245,541
Total fair value of loans 6,834,161 6,725,484
Student Loans | Fair value of loans 90 days or more delinquent | Student Loans    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance 8,735 8,446
Accumulated interest 184 187
Cumulative fair value adjustments (5,397) (5,021)
Total fair value of loans 3,522 3,612
Home Loans | Home Loans    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance 58,304 67,406
Accumulated interest 22 92
Cumulative fair value adjustments 1,151 (1,300)
Total fair value of loans 59,477 66,198
Home Loans | Fair value of loans 90 days or more delinquent | Home Loans    
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance 198 495
Accumulated interest 11 6
Cumulative fair value adjustments (99) (248)
Total fair value of loans $ 110 $ 253
v3.24.1.u1
Loans - Schedule of Loan Securitizations Accounted for as Sales (Details) - Personal loans - Other asset-backed securities
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]  
Cash $ 674,036
Securitization investments 35,615
Servicing assets recognized 27,524
Transfers of Financial Assets Accounted for as Sale, Initial Fair Value of Repurchase Liabilities Recognized (280)
Total consideration 736,895
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold 701,601
Realized gain (loss) $ 35,294
v3.24.1.u1
Loans - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]    
Deconsolidation of debt $ 42,100,000 $ 0
v3.24.1.u1
Loans - Schedule of Whole Loan Sales (Details) - Whole loans - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Personal loans    
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]    
Cash $ 499,751 $ 0
Receivable 3,036 0
Servicing assets recognized 33,549 0
Repurchase liabilities recognized (1,800) 0
Total consideration 534,536 0
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold 503,037 0
Realized gain (loss) 31,499 0
Student Loans    
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]    
Cash 310,331 0
Servicing assets recognized 8,249 0
Repurchase liabilities recognized (46) 0
Total consideration 318,534 0
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold 303,578 0
Realized gain (loss) 14,956 0
Home Loans    
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]    
Cash 344,678 77,819
Servicing assets recognized 2,832 954
Repurchase liabilities recognized (505) (96)
Total consideration 347,005 78,677
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold 344,258 77,976
Realized gain (loss) $ 2,747 $ 701
v3.24.1.u1
Loans - Schedule of Delinquent Whole Loan Sales (Details) - Whole loans - Personal loans - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]    
Cash $ 499,751 $ 0
Servicing assets recognized 33,549 0
Repurchase liabilities recognized (1,800) 0
Total consideration 534,536 0
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold 503,037 0
Realized gain (loss) 31,499 0
Loans In Delinquency    
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]    
Cash 5,000  
Servicing assets recognized 3,400  
Repurchase liabilities recognized (25)  
Total consideration 8,375  
Aggregate unpaid principal balance and accrued interest of loans sold 66,411  
Realized gain (loss) (58,036) $ 0
Aggregate unpaid principal balance sold 62,500  
Aggregate unpaid principal balance sold, prior period write-down $ 43,200  
v3.24.1.u1
Loans - Schedule of Transferred Loans with Continued Involvement but Not Recorded on Consolidated Balance Sheet and Cash Flows Received (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2023
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Contractually Specified Servicing Fee Income, Statement Of Income Or Comprehensive Income, Extensible Enumeration, Not Disclosed Flag Servicing fees collected from transferred loans    
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced $ 14,883,456   $ 13,965,378
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans 19,630 $ 18,527  
Charge-offs, net of recoveries, of transferred loans 96,186 55,268  
Loans In Delinquency | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced 239,577   252,018
Loans In Delinquency | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Loans in delinquency (30+ days past due)      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced 136,431   137,995
Personal loans | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced 3,019,629   2,223,785
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans 9,445 6,177  
Charge-offs, net of recoveries, of transferred loans 85,333 46,115  
Personal loans | Loans In Delinquency | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced 87,313   90,582
Personal loans | Loans In Delinquency | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Loans in delinquency (30+ days past due)      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced 52,858   52,813
Student Loans | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced 6,117,247   6,148,800
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans 6,146 9,190  
Charge-offs, net of recoveries, of transferred loans 10,853 9,153  
Student Loans | Loans In Delinquency | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced 126,247   137,243
Student Loans | Loans In Delinquency | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Loans in delinquency (30+ days past due)      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced 57,556   60,989
Home Loans | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced 5,746,580   5,592,793
Servicing fees collected from transferred loans 4,039 $ 3,160  
Home Loans | Loans In Delinquency | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced 26,017   24,193
Home Loans | Loans In Delinquency | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary | Loans in delinquency (30+ days past due)      
Securitization or Asset-backed Financing Arrangement, Financial Asset for which Transfer is Accounted as Sale [Line Items]      
Total loans serviced $ 26,017   $ 24,193
v3.24.1.u1
Loans - Schedule of Loans by Status (Details) - USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Loans held for investment, allowance for credit loss $ 51,313,000 $ 54,695,000    
Total Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 1,294,721,000 884,390,000    
Current        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 1,273,034,000 861,868,000    
Total Delinquent Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 21,687,000 22,522,000    
30–59 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 4,858,000 5,452,000    
60–89 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 4,518,000 4,829,000    
≥ 90 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 12,311,000 12,241,000    
Senior Secured Loans Portfolio Segment        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Accumulated accrued interest 1,292,000 730,000    
Senior Secured Loans Portfolio Segment | Total Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 844,502,000 445,733,000    
Senior Secured Loans Portfolio Segment | Current        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 844,502,000 445,733,000    
Senior Secured Loans Portfolio Segment | Total Delinquent Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 0 0    
Senior Secured Loans Portfolio Segment | 30–59 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 0 0    
Senior Secured Loans Portfolio Segment | 60–89 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 0 0    
Senior Secured Loans Portfolio Segment | ≥ 90 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 0 0    
Credit card | Credit card loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Loans on nonaccrual status 0 0    
Loans held for investment, allowance for credit loss 49,092,000 52,385,000 $ 37,089,000 $ 39,110,000
Accumulated accrued interest 4,937,000 5,288,000    
Credit card | Credit card loans | Total Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 316,971,000 319,694,000    
Credit card | Credit card loans | Current        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 296,182,000 297,612,000    
Credit card | Credit card loans | Total Delinquent Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 20,789,000 22,082,000    
Credit card | Credit card loans | 30–59 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 4,637,000 5,451,000    
Credit card | Credit card loans | 60–89 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 4,274,000 4,829,000    
Credit card | Credit card loans | ≥ 90 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 11,878,000 11,802,000    
Commercial and consumer banking        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 132,302,000      
Loans held for investment, allowance for credit loss 2,221,000 2,310,000 $ 1,848,000 $ 1,678,000
Accumulated accrued interest 479,000 415,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Total Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 133,248,000 118,963,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Current        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 132,350,000 118,523,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Total Delinquent Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 898,000 440,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | 30–59 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 221,000 1,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | 60–89 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 244,000 0    
Commercial and consumer banking | ≥ 90 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 433,000 439,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial real estate        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 123,896,000      
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial real estate | Total Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 124,079,000 107,757,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial real estate | Current        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 123,945,000 107,757,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial real estate | Total Delinquent Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 134,000 0    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial real estate | 30–59 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 134,000 0    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial real estate | 60–89 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 0 0    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial real estate | ≥ 90 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 0 0    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial and industrial        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 5,256,000      
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial and industrial | Total Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 5,786,000 6,548,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial and industrial | Current        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 5,022,000 6,108,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial and industrial | Total Delinquent Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 764,000 440,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial and industrial | 30–59 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 87,000 1,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial and industrial | 60–89 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 244,000 0    
Commercial and consumer banking | Commercial and industrial | ≥ 90 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 433,000 439,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Residential real estate and other consumer        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 3,150,000      
Commercial and consumer banking | Residential real estate and other consumer | Total Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 3,383,000 4,658,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Residential real estate and other consumer | Current        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 3,383,000 4,658,000    
Commercial and consumer banking | Residential real estate and other consumer | Total Delinquent Loans        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 0 0    
Commercial and consumer banking | Residential real estate and other consumer | 30–59 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 0 0    
Commercial and consumer banking | Residential real estate and other consumer | 60–89 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans 0 0    
Commercial and consumer banking | Residential real estate and other consumer | ≥ 90 Days        
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]        
Total loans $ 0 $ 0    
v3.24.1.u1
Loans - Schedule of Internal Risk Tier Categories (Details) - Total Loans - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans $ 1,294,721 $ 884,390
Credit card | Credit card loans    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 316,971 319,694
Credit card | Credit card loans | ≥ 800    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 29,918 29,269
Credit card | Credit card loans | 780 – 799    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 19,954 19,350
Credit card | Credit card loans | 760 – 779    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 21,414 20,740
Credit card | Credit card loans | 740 – 759    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 23,084 23,361
Credit card | Credit card loans | 720 – 739    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 28,157 28,621
Credit card | Credit card loans | 700 – 719    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 34,469 35,528
Credit card | Credit card loans | 680 – 699    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 37,492 38,289
Credit card | Credit card loans | 660 – 679    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 33,366 35,443
Credit card | Credit card loans | 640 – 659    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 23,624 25,836
Credit card | Credit card loans | 620 – 639    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 15,007 15,569
Credit card | Credit card loans | 600 – 619    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans 10,004 10,063
Credit card | Credit card loans | ≤ 599    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total loans $ 40,482 $ 37,625
v3.24.1.u1
Loans - Schedule of Risk Categories of Loans by Class of Loans (Details) - Commercial and Consumer Banking
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 $ 18,589
2023 24,617
2022 38,246
2021 7,245
2020 4,583
Prior 39,022
Total Term Loans 132,302
Revolving Loans 946
Commercial real estate  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 18,589
2023 24,522
2022 38,246
2021 7,245
2020 4,524
Prior 30,770
Total Term Loans 123,896
Revolving Loans 183
Commercial and industrial  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 0
2023 95
2022 0
2021 0
2020 59
Prior 5,102
Total Term Loans 5,256
Revolving Loans 530
Residential real estate and other consumer  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 0
2023 0
2022 0
2021 0
2020 0
Prior 3,150
Total Term Loans 3,150
Revolving Loans 233
Pass | Commercial real estate  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 18,589
2023 23,293
2022 29,593
2021 5,606
2020 4,524
Prior 25,781
Total Term Loans 107,386
Revolving Loans 183
Pass | Commercial and industrial  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 0
2023 51
2022 0
2021 0
2020 59
Prior 4,268
Total Term Loans 4,378
Revolving Loans 530
Pass | Residential real estate and other consumer  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 0
2023 0
2022 0
2021 0
2020 0
Prior 3,111
Total Term Loans 3,111
Revolving Loans 233
Watch | Commercial real estate  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 0
2023 1,229
2022 8,653
2021 1,639
2020 0
Prior 2,939
Total Term Loans 14,460
Revolving Loans 0
Watch | Commercial and industrial  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 0
2023 44
2022 0
2021 0
2020 0
Prior 17
Total Term Loans 61
Revolving Loans 0
Watch | Residential real estate and other consumer  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 0
2023 0
2022 0
2021 0
2020 0
Prior 39
Total Term Loans 39
Revolving Loans 0
Special mention | Commercial real estate  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 0
2023 0
2022 0
2021 0
2020 0
Prior 523
Total Term Loans 523
Revolving Loans 0
Substandard | Commercial real estate  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 0
2023 0
2022 0
2021 0
2020 0
Prior 1,527
Total Term Loans 1,527
Revolving Loans 0
Substandard | Commercial and industrial  
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]  
2024 0
2023 0
2022 0
2021 0
2020 0
Prior 817
Total Term Loans 817
Revolving Loans $ 0
v3.24.1.u1
Allowance for Credit Losses (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance $ 54,695  
Provision for credit losses 7,182 $ 8,407
Ending balance 51,313  
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance 1,837 2,785
Provision for credit losses 2,411 (854)
Write-offs charged against the allowance (2,139) (286)
Ending balance 2,109 1,645
Recovery of previously reserved related to accounts receivable 497 1,161
Credit Card Loans | Credit card loans    
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance 52,385 39,110
Provision for credit losses 7,253 8,237
Write-offs charged against the allowance (10,546) (10,258)
Ending balance 49,092 37,089
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]    
Recovery of previously reserved related to credit cards 1,083 0
Accrued interest receivable written off 2,500 2,200
Commercial and Consumer Banking    
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance 2,310 1,678
Provision for credit losses (71) 170
Write-offs charged against the allowance (18) 0
Ending balance $ 2,221 $ 1,848
v3.24.1.u1
Investments Securities - Schedule of Investments in Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost $ 839,936 $ 596,757
Accrued Interest $ 1,476 639
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accrued Interest, after Allowance for Credit Loss, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Fair Value  
Gross Unrealized Gains $ 307 1,011
Gross Unrealized Losses (3,213) (3,220)
Fair Value $ 838,506 $ 595,187
Percentage of high credit quality on amortized cost basis of investments 97.00% 92.00%
U.S. Treasury securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost $ 465,759 $ 518,673
Accrued Interest 279 206
Gross Unrealized Gains 37 978
Gross Unrealized Losses (584) (780)
Fair Value 465,491 519,077
Multinational securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost   8,548
Accrued Interest   103
Gross Unrealized Gains   0
Gross Unrealized Losses   (17)
Fair Value   8,634
Corporate bonds    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 23,692 32,609
Accrued Interest 153 207
Gross Unrealized Gains 1 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (911) (1,092)
Fair Value 22,935 31,724
Agency mortgage-backed securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 345,451 28,714
Accrued Interest 1,039 111
Gross Unrealized Gains 269 33
Gross Unrealized Losses (1,455) (1,016)
Fair Value 345,304 27,842
Other asset-backed securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 4,092 7,272
Accrued Interest 1 4
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (92) (154)
Fair Value 4,001 7,122
Other    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 942 941
Accrued Interest 4 8
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (171) (161)
Fair Value $ 775 $ 788
v3.24.1.u1
Investments Securities - Schedule of Investment Securities in Gross Unrealized Loss Position (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, fair value $ 600,155 $ 500,942
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, gross unrealized losses (660) (215)
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, fair value 63,383 94,245
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, gross unrealized losses (2,553) (3,005)
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, fair value 663,538 595,187
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, gross unrealized losses (3,213) (3,220)
U.S. Treasury securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, fair value 337,363 480,012
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, gross unrealized losses (97) (58)
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, fair value 29,502 39,065
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, gross unrealized losses (487) (722)
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, fair value 366,865 519,077
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, gross unrealized losses (584) (780)
Multinational securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, fair value   0
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, gross unrealized losses   0
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, fair value   8,634
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, gross unrealized losses   (17)
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, fair value   8,634
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, gross unrealized losses   (17)
Corporate bonds    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, fair value 0 0
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, gross unrealized losses 0 0
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, fair value 22,425 31,724
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, gross unrealized losses (911) (1,092)
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, fair value 22,425 31,724
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, gross unrealized losses (911) (1,092)
Agency mortgage-backed securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, fair value 262,792 20,930
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, gross unrealized losses (563) (157)
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, fair value 6,680 6,912
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, gross unrealized losses (892) (859)
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, fair value 269,472 27,842
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, gross unrealized losses (1,455) (1,016)
Other asset-backed securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, fair value 0 0
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, gross unrealized losses 0 0
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, fair value 4,001 7,122
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, gross unrealized losses (92) (154)
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, fair value 4,001 7,122
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, gross unrealized losses (92) (154)
Other    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, fair value 0 0
Investments in AFS debt securities, less than 12 months, gross unrealized losses 0 0
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, fair value 775 788
Investments in AFS debt securities, 12 months or longer, gross unrealized losses (171) (161)
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, fair value 775 788
Investments in AFS debt securities, total, gross unrealized losses $ (171) $ (161)
v3.24.1.u1
Investments Securities - Schedule of Investments by Contractual Maturity (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Investments in AFS debt securities—Amortized cost:    
Due Within One Year $ 470,348  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 20,019  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 14,019  
Due After Ten Years 335,550  
Amortized Cost $ 839,936 $ 596,757
Weighted average yield for investments in AFS debt securities    
Due Within One Year 6.14%  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 1.33%  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 1.47%  
Due After Ten Years 2.80%  
Total 5.11%  
AFS investment securities—Fair value:    
Due Within One Year $ 469,858  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 19,329  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 13,477  
Due After Ten Years 334,366  
Total 837,030  
Accrued Interest 1,476 639
U.S. Treasury securities    
Investments in AFS debt securities—Amortized cost:    
Due Within One Year 459,383  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 6,376  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 0  
Due After Ten Years 0  
Amortized Cost 465,759 518,673
AFS investment securities—Fair value:    
Due Within One Year 459,077  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 6,135  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 0  
Due After Ten Years 0  
Total 465,212  
Accrued Interest 279 206
Corporate bonds    
Investments in AFS debt securities—Amortized cost:    
Due Within One Year 10,965  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 9,429  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 3,298  
Due After Ten Years 0  
Amortized Cost 23,692 32,609
AFS investment securities—Fair value:    
Due Within One Year 10,781  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 9,079  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 2,922  
Due After Ten Years 0  
Total 22,782  
Accrued Interest 153 207
Agency mortgage-backed securities    
Investments in AFS debt securities—Amortized cost:    
Due Within One Year 0  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 122  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 10,721  
Due After Ten Years 334,608  
Amortized Cost 345,451 28,714
AFS investment securities—Fair value:    
Due Within One Year 0  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 115  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 10,555  
Due After Ten Years 333,595  
Total 344,265  
Accrued Interest 1,039 111
Other asset-backed securities    
Investments in AFS debt securities—Amortized cost:    
Due Within One Year 0  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 4,092  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 0  
Due After Ten Years 0  
Amortized Cost 4,092 7,272
AFS investment securities—Fair value:    
Due Within One Year 0  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 4,000  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 0  
Due After Ten Years 0  
Total 4,000  
Accrued Interest 1 4
Other    
Investments in AFS debt securities—Amortized cost:    
Due Within One Year 0  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 0  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 0  
Due After Ten Years 942  
Amortized Cost 942 941
AFS investment securities—Fair value:    
Due Within One Year 0  
Due After One Year Through Five Years 0  
Due After Five Years Through Ten Years 0  
Due After Ten Years 771  
Total 771  
Accrued Interest $ 4 $ 8
v3.24.1.u1
Investments Securities - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]    
Gross realized gains on investments in available-for-sale debt securities $ 0 $ 3,356
Gross realized losses on investments in available-for-sale debt securities $ 0 $ 509
v3.24.1.u1
Investment Securities - Schedule of Securitization of Investments (Details) - Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]    
Securitization investments $ 134,592 $ 106,748
Personal loans    
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]    
Securitization investments 58,752 27,247
Student Loans    
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]    
Securitization investments $ 75,840 $ 79,501
v3.24.1.u1
Securitization and Variable Interest Entities (Details)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
trust
entity
Dec. 31, 2023
entity
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]    
Number of consolidated VIEs (in entities) 5 6
Number of consolidated VIEs exercised securitization clean up calls (in entities) 1  
Number of nonconsolidated entities in which investments are held 24 22
Number of nonconsolidated trusts established | trust 2  
v3.24.1.u1
Deposits - Schedule of Interest-Bearing Deposits (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Interest-bearing deposits:    
Savings deposits $ 16,583,020 $ 12,902,033
Demand deposits 2,480,456 2,663,335
Time deposits 2,486,661 3,003,625
Total interest-bearing deposits 21,550,137 18,568,993
Brokered deposits 2,644,040 3,160,414
Brokered time deposits 2,447,328 2,971,462
Brokered demand deposits 196,712 188,952
Uninsured deposits $ 15,767 $ 21,268
v3.24.1.u1
Deposits - Schedule of Maturities of Time Deposits (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Time Deposits, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]    
2024 $ 1,899,335  
2025 585,066  
2026 2,009  
2027 0  
2028 251  
Thereafter 0  
Total $ 2,486,661 $ 3,003,625
v3.24.1.u1
Debt - Schedule of Debt (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total Outstanding $ 2,929,065   $ 5,259,584
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs, premiums and discounts (37,748)   (26,168)
Total debt 2,891,317   5,233,416
Debt discounts issued 17,300    
Amount not available for general borrowing purposes to secure letter of credit 6,400   6,400
Asset Pledged as Collateral      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Amount not available for general borrowing purposes to secure letter of credit 27,200   27,200
Personal Loan Securitizations      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total Collateral 384,246    
Total Outstanding 125,990   239,340
Student loan securitizations      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total Collateral 152,387    
Total Outstanding 130,413   182,744
Secured Debt | Asset Pledged as Collateral      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total Capacity 151,000    
Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total Capacity $ 50,000    
Minimum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Unused commitment fee percentage 0.00%    
Minimum | Personal Loan Securitizations      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 1.30%    
Minimum | Student loan securitizations      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 3.09%    
Maximum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Unused commitment fee percentage 0.65%    
Maximum | Personal Loan Securitizations      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 6.21%    
Maximum | Student loan securitizations      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 4.21%    
Personal loan warehouse facilities | Line of Credit      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total Collateral $ 354,851    
Total Capacity 4,625,000    
Total Outstanding $ 296,921   1,077,444
Personal loan warehouse facilities | Minimum | Line of Credit      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 5.47%    
Personal loan warehouse facilities | Maximum | Line of Credit      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 7.23%    
Student loan warehouse facilities | Line of Credit      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total Collateral $ 517,928    
Total Capacity 3,945,000    
Total Outstanding $ 455,328   2,095,046
Student loan warehouse facilities | Minimum | Line of Credit      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 6.09%    
Student loan warehouse facilities | Maximum | Line of Credit      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 7.48%    
Risk retention warehouse facilities | Line of Credit      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total Collateral $ 60,787    
Total Capacity 100,000    
Total Outstanding $ 59,941   67,038
Risk retention warehouse facilities | Minimum | Line of Credit      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 6.84%    
Risk retention warehouse facilities | Maximum | Line of Credit      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 8.69%    
Revolving credit facility | Line of Credit      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Amount not available for general borrowing purposes to secure letter of credit $ 13,100    
Revolving credit facility | Revolving credit facility      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 6.93%    
Total Capacity $ 645,000    
Total Outstanding $ 486,000   486,000
Convertible senior notes due 2026 | Convertible Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 0.00%    
Total Outstanding $ 511,972   1,111,972
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs, premiums and discounts (5,700)   (13,300)
Interest expense $ 1,200 $ 1,300  
Effective interest rate 0.92% 0.42%  
Net carrying amount $ 506,300   1,100,000
Convertible senior notes due 2029 | Convertible Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Interest Rate 1.25%    
Total Outstanding $ 862,500   0
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs, premiums and discounts (21,500)    
Debt discounts issued 17,300    
Interest expense $ 1,000    
Effective interest rate 1.37%    
Net carrying amount $ 841,000    
Other financing | Other Financings      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total Collateral 169,929    
Total Capacity 201,032    
Total Outstanding 0   $ 0
Other financing | Other Financings | Loans at fair value      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total Collateral 54,300    
Other financing | Other Financings | Securities Investment      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total Collateral $ 115,700    
v3.24.1.u1
Debt - Narrative (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
shares
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
facility
day
$ / shares
shares
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Oct. 04, 2021
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Gain on extinguishment of convertible debt     $ 59,194 $ 0  
Debt discounts issued     $ 17,300    
Common Stock          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Extinguishment of convertible notes by issuance of common stock (in shares) | shares 72,621,879 9,490,000 72,621,879    
Line of Credit | Loan Warehouse Facilities          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Number of facilities closed | facility     2    
Maximum available capacity of closed facilities $ 400,000   $ 400,000    
Number of new loans opened | facility     0    
Line of Credit | Risk retention warehouse facilities          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Number of facilities closed | facility     1    
Convertible senior notes due 2026 | Convertible Debt          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Face amount 512,000   $ 512,000   $ 1,200,000
Debt repurchased, face amount $ 600,000 $ 88,000 600,000    
Gain on extinguishment of convertible debt     $ 59,200    
Shares available for conversion (in shares) | shares 22,841,631   22,841,631    
Specified rate 0.00%   0.00%    
Convertible senior notes due 2029 | Convertible Debt          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Face amount $ 862,500   $ 862,500    
Shares available for conversion (in shares) | shares 0   0    
Specified rate 1.25%   1.25%    
Net proceeds from offering     $ 845,300    
Purchasers' discount percentage 2.00%   2.00%    
Debt discounts issued     $ 17,300    
Deferred loan origination costs $ 4,600   $ 4,600    
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 9.45   $ 9.45    
Observation period | day     30    
Convertible debt, threshold, trading days preceding maturity date | day     30    
Conversion rate     0.1058089    
v3.24.1.u1
Debt - Schedule of Maturities of Borrowings (Details) - Debt with Scheduled Payments
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
2024 $ 0
2025 0
2026 511,972
2027 0
2028 486,000
Thereafter 862,500
Total $ 1,860,472
v3.24.1.u1
Equity - Narrative (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
shares
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
$ / shares
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2022
shares
Jun. 01, 2021
$ / shares
shares
May 28, 2021
$ / shares
shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]              
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)             100,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares             $ 0.0001
Redeemable preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) 100,000,000     100,000,000     100,000,000
Redeemable preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.0000025
Redeemable preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) 3,234,000     3,234,000      
Redeemable preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 3,234,000 3,234,000   3,234,000 3,234,000    
Dividends payable | $ $ 10,079     $ 0      
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 3,100,000,000     3,100,000,000      
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 0.00     $ 0.00      
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 1,056,491,365     975,861,793      
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 1,056,491,365     975,861,793      
Purchases of capped calls | $ $ 90,649            
Convertible senior notes due 2026 | Convertible Debt              
Class of Stock [Line Items]              
Purchases of capped calls | $     $ 113,800        
Debt repurchased, face amount | $ 600,000     $ 88,000      
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares     $ 22.41        
Cap price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares     $ 32.02        
Convertible senior notes due 2029 | Convertible Debt              
Class of Stock [Line Items]              
Purchases of capped calls | $ $ 90,600            
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 9.45            
Cap price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 14.54            
Series 1              
Class of Stock [Line Items]              
Redeemable preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)             4,500,000
Redeemable preferred stock, conversion ratio             1
Redeemable preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) 3,234,000            
Redeemable preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 3,234,000            
Redeemable preferred stock, original issuance price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 100.00            
Series 1 | Dividend Paid              
Class of Stock [Line Items]              
Dividends declared and paid | $ $ 10,079 $ 9,968          
Common Stock              
Class of Stock [Line Items]              
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)           3,000,000,000  
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares           $ 0.0001  
Non-Voting Common Stock              
Class of Stock [Line Items]              
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 100,000,000     100,000,000   100,000,000  
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares           $ 0.0001  
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 0     0      
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 0     0      
v3.24.1.u1
Equity - Schedule of Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance (Details) - shares
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Class of Stock [Line Items]    
Total common stock reserved for future issuance (in shares) 219,099,284 206,182,041
Possible future issuance under stock plans    
Class of Stock [Line Items]    
Total common stock reserved for future issuance (in shares) 78,309,380 45,384,011
Conversion of convertible notes    
Class of Stock [Line Items]    
Total common stock reserved for future issuance (in shares) 22,841,631 49,610,631
Outstanding common stock warrants    
Class of Stock [Line Items]    
Total common stock reserved for future issuance (in shares) 12,170,990 12,170,990
Outstanding stock options, restricted stock units and performance stock units    
Class of Stock [Line Items]    
Total common stock reserved for future issuance (in shares) 105,777,283 99,016,409
v3.24.1.u1
Equity - Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Rollforward (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
AOCI Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance $ 5,234,612 $ 5,208,102
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (879) 1,783
Amounts reclassified from AOCI into earnings 0 172
Total other comprehensive income (loss) (879) 1,955
Ending balance 5,825,605 5,234,072
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)    
AOCI Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance (1,209) (8,296)
Total other comprehensive income (loss) (879) 1,955
Ending balance (2,088) (6,341)
AFS Debt Securities    
AOCI Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance (2,201) (8,611)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (700) 2,076
Amounts reclassified from AOCI into earnings 0 172
Total other comprehensive income (loss) (700) 2,248
Ending balance (2,901) (6,363)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments    
AOCI Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance 992 315
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (179) (293)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI into earnings 0 0
Total other comprehensive income (loss) (179) (293)
Ending balance $ 813 $ 22
v3.24.1.u1
Derivative Financial Instruments - Schedule of Gains (Losses) Recognized on Derivative Instruments (Details) - Not designated as hedging instrument - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Gain (loss) from fair value changes on derivatives $ 208,492 $ (30,114)
Derivative contracts to manage future loan sale execution risk    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Gain (loss) from fair value changes on derivatives 199,858 (31,228)
Interest rate swaps | Derivative contracts to manage future loan sale execution risk    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Gain (loss) from fair value changes on derivatives 201,285 (28,456)
Interest rate swaps | Derivative contracts not designed to manage future loan sale execution risk    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Gain (loss) from fair value changes on derivatives 6,063 (1,108)
Interest rate caps | Derivative contracts to manage future loan sale execution risk    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Gain (loss) from fair value changes on derivatives (2,283) (1,695)
Interest rate caps | Derivative contracts not designed to manage future loan sale execution risk    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Gain (loss) from fair value changes on derivatives 2,290 1,771
Home loan pipeline hedges | Derivative contracts to manage future loan sale execution risk    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Gain (loss) from fair value changes on derivatives 856 (1,077)
IRLCs    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Gain (loss) from fair value changes on derivatives 281 418
Purchase price earn out    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Gain (loss) from fair value changes on derivatives 0 9
Third party warrants    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Gain (loss) from fair value changes on derivatives $ 0 $ 24
v3.24.1.u1
Derivative Financial Instruments - Schedule of Derivative Instruments Subject to Enforceable Master Netting Arrangements (Details) - USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Gross Derivative Assets    
Total, gross $ 1,537,000 $ 2,209,000
Derivative netting (1,537,000) (1,347,000)
Total, net 0 862,000
Gross Derivative Liabilities    
Total, gross (5,943,000) (5,951,000)
Derivative netting 1,537,000 1,347,000
Total, net (4,406,000) (4,604,000)
Cash collateral 2,970,000 0
Interest rate swaps    
Gross Derivative Assets    
Total, gross 1,517,000 2,208,000
Gross Derivative Liabilities    
Total, gross (4,487,000) (1,347,000)
Interest rate caps    
Gross Derivative Assets    
Total, gross 0 0
Gross Derivative Liabilities    
Total, gross (986,000) (3,276,000)
Home loan pipeline hedges    
Gross Derivative Assets    
Total, gross 20,000 1,000
Gross Derivative Liabilities    
Total, gross $ (470,000) $ (1,328,000)
v3.24.1.u1
Derivative Financial Instruments - Schedule of Notional Amounts of Derivative Contracts Outstanding (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative [Line Items]    
Notional amount $ 13,530,759 $ 13,737,388
IRLCs    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Notional amount 169,759 126,388
Derivative contracts to manage future loan sale execution risk | Interest rate swaps    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Notional amount 12,230,700 12,491,000
Derivative contracts to manage future loan sale execution risk | Interest rate caps    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Notional amount 405,000 405,000
Derivative contracts to manage future loan sale execution risk | Home loan pipeline hedges    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Notional amount 241,000 226,000
Derivative contracts not designed to manage future loan sale execution risk | Interest rate swaps    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Notional amount 79,300 84,000
Derivative contracts not designed to manage future loan sale execution risk | Interest rate caps    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Notional amount $ 405,000 $ 405,000
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Assets    
Investments in AFS debt securities $ 838,506 $ 595,187
Servicing rights 240,752 180,469
Liabilities    
Residual interests classified as debt 4,129 7,396
Unpaid principal related to debt measured at fair value 114,960 128,619
Losses from changes in fair value 1,427  
Fair Value    
Assets    
Total assets 5,522,462 4,563,441
Liabilities    
Debt 2,757,289 4,979,822
Total liabilities 24,360,243 23,592,644
Fair Value | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Investments in AFS debt securities 838,506 595,187
Loans at fair value 21,950,643 22,122,255
Servicing rights 240,752 180,469
Digital assets safeguarding asset 0 9,292
Total assets 23,170,396 23,027,679
Liabilities    
Debt 107,409 119,641
Digital assets safeguarding liability 0 9,292
Total liabilities 117,481 142,280
Fair Value | Asset-backed bonds | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Asset-backed bonds and residual investments 98,739 70,828
Fair Value | Residual investments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Asset-backed bonds and residual investments 35,853 35,920
Fair Value | Third party warrants | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 630 630
Fair Value | Derivative assets | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 1,537 2,209
Fair Value | IRLCs | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 2,436 2,155
Fair Value | Student loan commitments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Student loan commitments 314 5,465
Fair Value | Interest rate caps | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 986 3,269
Fair Value | Residual interests classified as debt | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities    
Residual interests classified as debt 4,129 7,396
Fair Value | Derivative liabilities | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities    
Derivative liabilities 5,943 5,951
Level 1    
Assets    
Total assets 4,147,908 3,615,578
Liabilities    
Debt 1,311,986 955,306
Total liabilities 1,311,986 955,306
Level 1 | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Investments in AFS debt securities 465,491 527,711
Loans at fair value 0 0
Servicing rights 0 0
Digital assets safeguarding asset 0 0
Total assets 465,491 527,711
Liabilities    
Debt 0 0
Digital assets safeguarding liability 0 0
Total liabilities 0 0
Level 1 | Asset-backed bonds | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Asset-backed bonds and residual investments 0 0
Level 1 | Residual investments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Asset-backed bonds and residual investments 0 0
Level 1 | Third party warrants | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 0 0
Level 1 | Derivative assets | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 0 0
Level 1 | IRLCs | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 0 0
Level 1 | Student loan commitments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Student loan commitments 0 0
Level 1 | Interest rate caps | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 0 0
Level 1 | Residual interests classified as debt | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities    
Residual interests classified as debt 0 0
Level 1 | Derivative liabilities | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities    
Derivative liabilities 0 0
Level 2    
Assets    
Total assets 92,805 83,551
Liabilities    
Debt 1,445,303 4,024,516
Total liabilities 23,048,257 22,637,338
Level 2 | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Investments in AFS debt securities 373,015 67,476
Loans at fair value 59,477 66,198
Servicing rights 0 0
Digital assets safeguarding asset 0 9,292
Total assets 533,754 219,272
Liabilities    
Debt 107,409 119,641
Digital assets safeguarding liability 0 9,292
Total liabilities 113,352 134,884
Level 2 | Asset-backed bonds | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Asset-backed bonds and residual investments 98,739 70,828
Level 2 | Residual investments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Asset-backed bonds and residual investments 0 0
Level 2 | Third party warrants | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 0 0
Level 2 | Derivative assets | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 1,537 2,209
Level 2 | IRLCs | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 0 0
Level 2 | Student loan commitments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Student loan commitments 0 0
Level 2 | Interest rate caps | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 986 3,269
Level 2 | Residual interests classified as debt | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities    
Residual interests classified as debt 0 0
Level 2 | Derivative liabilities | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities    
Derivative liabilities 5,943 5,951
Level 3    
Assets    
Total assets 1,281,749 864,312
Liabilities    
Debt 0 0
Total liabilities 0 0
Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Investments in AFS debt securities 0 0
Loans at fair value 21,891,166 22,056,057
Servicing rights 240,752 180,469
Digital assets safeguarding asset 0 0
Total assets 22,171,151 22,280,696
Liabilities    
Debt 0 0
Digital assets safeguarding liability 0 0
Total liabilities 4,129 7,396
Level 3 | Asset-backed bonds | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Asset-backed bonds and residual investments 0 0
Level 3 | Residual investments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Asset-backed bonds and residual investments 35,853 35,920
Level 3 | Third party warrants | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 630 630
Level 3 | Derivative assets | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 0 0
Level 3 | IRLCs | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 2,436 2,155
Level 3 | Student loan commitments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Student loan commitments 314 5,465
Level 3 | Interest rate caps | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets    
Derivative assets 0 0
Level 3 | Residual interests classified as debt | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities    
Residual interests classified as debt 4,129 7,396
Level 3 | Derivative liabilities | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities    
Derivative liabilities $ 0 $ 0
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Changes in Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Liabilities    
Net impact on earnings $ (277,908) $ 164,222
Elective repurchases 16,600  
Securitization clean-up calls   39,900
Residual interests classified as debt    
Liabilities    
Fair value at beginning of period (7,396) (17,048)
Impact on Earnings (73) (89)
Purchases 0 0
Sales 0 0
Issuances 0 0
Settlements 3,340 1,572
Other Changes 0 0
Fair value at end of period (4,129) (15,565)
Loans at fair value    
Assets    
Fair value at beginning of period 22,056,057 13,557,074
Impact on Earnings (286,543) 150,405
Purchases 16,580 40,591
Sales (1,557,041) (77,880)
Issuances 4,030,562 3,566,518
Settlements (2,371,634) (1,380,988)
Other Changes 3,185 2,385
Fair value at end of period 21,891,166 15,858,105
Personal loans    
Assets    
Fair value at beginning of period 15,330,573 8,610,434
Impact on Earnings (269,426) 86,200
Purchases 16,580 40,039
Sales (1,262,854) 0
Issuances 3,278,882 2,951,358
Settlements (2,035,697) (1,150,926)
Other Changes (1,053) (106)
Fair value at end of period 15,057,005 10,536,999
Student loans    
Assets    
Fair value at beginning of period 6,725,484 4,877,177
Impact on Earnings (17,117) 64,699
Purchases 0 0
Sales (294,187) 0
Issuances 751,680 525,373
Settlements (335,937) (229,681)
Other Changes 4,238 2,491
Fair value at end of period 6,834,161 5,240,059
Home loans    
Assets    
Fair value at beginning of period   69,463
Impact on Earnings   (494)
Purchases   552
Sales   (77,880)
Issuances   89,787
Settlements   (381)
Other Changes   0
Fair value at end of period   81,047
Servicing rights    
Assets    
Fair value at beginning of period 180,469 149,854
Impact on Earnings 5,226 12,084
Purchases 980 613
Sales (53) (135)
Issuances 75,554 954
Settlements (21,424) (16,856)
Other Changes 0 0
Fair value at end of period 240,752 146,514
Residual investments    
Assets    
Fair value at beginning of period 35,920 46,238
Impact on Earnings 732 1,104
Purchases 2,553 0
Sales 0 (306)
Issuances 0 0
Settlements (3,352) (4,076)
Other Changes 0 0
Fair value at end of period 35,853 42,960
Purchase price earn out    
Assets    
Fair value at beginning of period   54
Impact on Earnings   9
Purchases   0
Sales   0
Issuances   0
Settlements   (63)
Other Changes   0
Fair value at end of period   0
IRLCs    
Assets    
Fair value at beginning of period 2,155 216
Impact on Earnings 2,436 634
Purchases 0 0
Sales 0 0
Issuances 0 0
Settlements (2,155) (216)
Other Changes 0 0
Fair value at end of period 2,436 634
Student loan commitments    
Assets    
Fair value at beginning of period 5,465 (236)
Impact on Earnings 314 75
Purchases 0 0
Sales 0 0
Issuances 0 0
Settlements (5,465) 236
Other Changes 0 0
Fair value at end of period 314 75
Third party warrants    
Assets    
Fair value at beginning of period 630 630
Impact on Earnings 0 0
Purchases 0 0
Sales 0 0
Issuances 0 0
Settlements 0 0
Other Changes 0 0
Fair value at end of period $ 630 $ 630
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Gain (loss) included in earnings from changes in instrument-specific credit risk $ 40,824 $ (50,529)  
Fair Value | Fair Value, Nonrecurring | Non-Securitization Investments – Other      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair value of non-securitization investments, other 23,085   $ 22,920
Fair Value | Fair Value, Nonrecurring | Other Security Investments, Investment Four | Level 3      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Fair value of non-securitization investments, other $ 19,739   $ 19,739
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Valuation Inputs and Assumptions (Details)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Aggregate amount committed $ 6,459  
Conditional prepayment rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Residual investments 0.124 0.122
Residual interests classified as debt 0.127 0.123
Conditional prepayment rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Residual investments 0.299 0.283
Residual interests classified as debt 0.128 0.126
Conditional prepayment rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Residual investments 0.155 0.148
Residual interests classified as debt 0.128 0.124
Annual default rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Residual investments 0.005 0.005
Residual interests classified as debt 0.008 0.007
Annual default rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Residual investments 0.069 0.069
Residual interests classified as debt 0.008 0.007
Annual default rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Residual investments 0.015 0.014
Residual interests classified as debt 0.008 0.007
Discount rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Residual investments 0.058 0.058
Residual interests classified as debt 0.100 0.100
Discount rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Residual investments 0.135 0.155
Residual interests classified as debt 0.103 0.103
Discount rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Residual investments 0.088 0.087
Residual interests classified as debt 0.100 0.100
Loan funding probability | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Interest rate lock commitments 0.489 0.719
Student loan commitments 0.950 0.950
Loan funding probability | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Interest rate lock commitments 0.858 0.772
Student loan commitments 0.950 0.950
Loan funding probability | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Interest rate lock commitments 0.792 0.763
Student loan commitments 0.950 0.950
Personal loans | Conditional prepayment rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.184 0.175
Servicing rights 0.086 0.179
Personal loans | Conditional prepayment rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.295 0.295
Servicing rights 0.381 0.355
Personal loans | Conditional prepayment rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.247 0.232
Servicing rights 0.225 0.224
Personal loans | Annual default rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.047 0.045
Servicing rights 0.033 0.033
Personal loans | Annual default rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.487 0.504
Servicing rights 0.160 0.225
Personal loans | Annual default rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.048 0.048
Servicing rights 0.040 0.047
Personal loans | Discount rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.057 0.055
Servicing rights 0.088 0.088
Personal loans | Discount rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.081 0.081
Servicing rights 0.200 0.088
Personal loans | Discount rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.058 0.055
Servicing rights 0.091 0.088
Personal loans | Market servicing costs | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.002 0.001
Personal loans | Market servicing costs | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.010 0.018
Personal loans | Market servicing costs | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.002 0.002
Student loans | Conditional prepayment rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.077 0.084
Servicing rights 0.081 0.109
Student loans | Conditional prepayment rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.126 0.126
Servicing rights 0.151 0.153
Student loans | Conditional prepayment rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.105 0.105
Servicing rights 0.121 0.122
Student loans | Annual default rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.006 0.004
Servicing rights 0.003 0.003
Student loans | Annual default rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.061 0.064
Servicing rights 0.036 0.037
Student loans | Annual default rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.006 0.006
Servicing rights 0.007 0.006
Student loans | Discount rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.043 0.041
Servicing rights 0.088 0.088
Student loans | Discount rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.088 0.081
Servicing rights 0.088 0.088
Student loans | Discount rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Loans 0.043 0.043
Servicing rights 0.088 0.088
Student loans | Market servicing costs | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.001 0.001
Student loans | Market servicing costs | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.002 0.002
Student loans | Market servicing costs | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.001 0.001
Home loans | Conditional prepayment rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.055 0.056
Home loans | Conditional prepayment rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.238 0.240
Home loans | Conditional prepayment rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.086 0.081
Home loans | Annual default rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.001 0.001
Home loans | Annual default rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.001 0.001
Home loans | Annual default rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.001 0.001
Home loans | Discount rate | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.092 0.092
Home loans | Discount rate | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.100 0.100
Home loans | Discount rate | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.093 0.093
Home loans | Market servicing costs | Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.001 0.001
Home loans | Market servicing costs | Maximum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.002 0.002
Home loans | Market servicing costs | Weighted Average    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Servicing rights 0.002 0.002
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Sensitivity Analysis for Servicing Rights (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Market servicing costs    
2.5 basis points increase $ (6,466) $ (6,176)
5.0 basis points increase (12,931) (12,351)
Conditional prepayment rate    
10% increase (6,881) (5,189)
20% increase (13,400) (10,098)
Annual default rate    
10% increase (550) (480)
20% increase (1,094) (921)
Discount rate    
100 basis points increase (5,409) (4,674)
200 basis points increase $ (10,498) $ (9,054)
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Assets and Liabilities not Measured at Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Level 1    
Assets    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 3,693,390 $ 3,085,020
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 454,518 530,558
Loans at amortized cost 0 0
Other investments 0 0
Total assets 4,147,908 3,615,578
Liabilities    
Deposits 0 0
Debt 1,311,986 955,306
Total liabilities 1,311,986 955,306
Level 2    
Assets    
Cash and cash equivalents 0 0
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 0 0
Loans at amortized cost 0 0
Other investments 92,805 83,551
Total assets 92,805 83,551
Liabilities    
Deposits 21,602,954 18,612,822
Debt 1,445,303 4,024,516
Total liabilities 23,048,257 22,637,338
Level 3    
Assets    
Cash and cash equivalents 0 0
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 0 0
Loans at amortized cost 1,281,749 864,312
Other investments 0 0
Total assets 1,281,749 864,312
Liabilities    
Deposits 0 0
Debt 0 0
Total liabilities 0 0
Carrying Value    
Assets    
Cash and cash equivalents 3,693,390 3,085,020
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 454,518 530,558
Loans at amortized cost 1,250,231 836,159
Other investments 92,805 83,551
Total assets 5,490,944 4,535,288
Liabilities    
Deposits 21,604,594 18,620,663
Debt 2,783,908 5,113,775
Total liabilities 24,388,502 23,734,438
Fair Value    
Assets    
Cash and cash equivalents 3,693,390 3,085,020
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 454,518 530,558
Loans at amortized cost 1,281,749 864,312
Other investments 92,805 83,551
Total assets 5,522,462 4,563,441
Liabilities    
Deposits 21,602,954 18,612,822
Debt 2,757,289 4,979,822
Total liabilities $ 24,360,243 $ 23,592,644
v3.24.1.u1
Share-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
tranche
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Compensation and benefits, inclusive of share-based compensation expense $ 208,246,000 $ 216,415,000
Compensation cost related to unvested stock options not yet recognized 0  
Restricted stock units    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Unrecognized compensation $ 525,400,000  
Compensation cost related to share based awards, period for recognition 2 years 3 months 18 days  
Performance stock units    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Unrecognized compensation $ 8,800,000  
Compensation cost related to share based awards, period for recognition 2 years 2 months 12 days  
Number of vesting tranches | tranche 3  
Share award vesting rights, period 3 years  
v3.24.1.u1
Share-Based Compensation - Schedule of Share-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Share-based compensation expense $ 55,082 $ 64,226
Technology and product development    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Share-based compensation expense 19,279 18,228
Sales and marketing    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Share-based compensation expense 4,962 6,587
Cost of operations    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Share-based compensation expense 2,918 1,500
General and administrative    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Share-based compensation expense $ 27,923 $ 37,911
v3.24.1.u1
Share-Based Compensation - Schedule of Option Activity (Details) - $ / shares
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Number of Stock Options    
Beginning balance (in shares) 17,896,732  
Exercised (in shares) (171,555)  
Expired (in shares) (3,267)  
Ending balance (in shares) 17,721,910 17,896,732
Exercisable (in shares) 17,721,910  
Weighted Average Exercise Price    
Beginning balance (in dollars per share) $ 7.70  
Exercised (in dollars per share) 2.71  
Expired (in dollars per share) 6.23  
Ending balance (in dollars per share) 7.75 $ 7.70
Exercisable (in dollars per share) $ 7.75  
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)    
Weighted average remaining contractual term, outstanding 3 years 6 months 3 years 9 months 18 days
Weighted average remaining contractual term, exercisable 3 years 6 months  
v3.24.1.u1
Share-Based Compensation - Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit and Performance Stock Unit Activity (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Restricted stock units  
Number of RSUs  
Beginning balance (in shares) | shares 64,879,496
Granted (in shares) | shares 22,501,316
Vested (in shares) | shares (8,360,975)
Forfeited (in shares) | shares (5,878,073)
Ending balance (in shares) | shares 73,141,764
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value  
Beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 7.95
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 7.49
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 8.25
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 8.36
Ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 7.74
Total fair value, RSUs granted | $ $ 69.0
Performance Stock Units  
Number of RSUs  
Beginning balance (in shares) | shares 16,240,181
Granted (in shares) | shares 726,217
Forfeited (in shares) | shares (2,052,789)
Ending balance (in shares) | shares 14,913,609
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value  
Beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 10.29
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 9.17
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 7.52
Ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 10.61
v3.24.1.u1
Share-Based Compensation - Summary of Fair Value Inputs for PSUs (Details) - Performance Stock Units
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
$ / shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Risk-free interest rate 4.50%
Expected volatility 73.00%
Fair value of common stock (in dollars per share) $ 8.02
Dividend yield 0.00%
v3.24.1.u1
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]    
Income tax benefit $ (6,183) $ 1,637
v3.24.1.u1
Commitments, Guarantees, Concentrations and Contingencies (Details)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
repurchase_obligation
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]      
Non-cash operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities $ 1,666,000    
Occupancy expense $ 7,758,000 $ 7,207,000  
Number of repurchase obligations | repurchase_obligation 3    
Estimated repurchase obligations $ 7,100,000   $ 5,900,000
Loans sold, subject to terms and conditions of repurchase obligations 8,300,000,000   6,700,000,000
Letters of credit outstanding with financial institutions 6,400,000   6,400,000
Collateral amount 1,300,000   1,300,000
Minimum net worth noncompliance, fines and penalties accrued 0   0
Commitments to Extend Credit      
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]      
Commitment to fund a line of credit 20,000,000    
Unfunded Loan Commitment      
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]      
Loans held for investment, after allowance for credit loss 2,800,000    
Commitment to fund a line of credit 17,200,000    
Asset Pledged as Collateral      
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]      
Letters of credit outstanding with financial institutions $ 27,200,000   $ 27,200,000
Minimum      
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]      
Operating lease, renewal term 1 year    
Maximum      
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]      
Operating lease, renewal term 10 years    
v3.24.1.u1
Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Schedule of Earnings per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Numerator:    
Net income (loss) $ 88,043 $ (34,422)
Less: Redeemable preferred stock dividends (10,079) (9,968)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders – basic 77,964 (44,390)
Plus: dilutive effect of convertible notes, net (55,441) 0
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders – diluted $ 22,523 $ (44,390)
Denominator:    
Weighted average common stock outstanding - basic (in shares) 982,617,492 929,270,723
Dilutive effects, convertible notes (in shares) 47,845,642 0
Weighted average common stock outstanding - diluted (in shares) 1,042,476,501 929,270,723
Earnings (loss) per share - basic (in dollars per share) $ 0.08 $ (0.05)
Earnings (loss) per share - diluted (in dollars per share) $ 0.02 $ (0.05)
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 81,000,000 194,800,000
Unvested RSUs    
Denominator:    
Dilutive effects, common stock and unvested RSUs (in shares) 9,752,440 0
Common stock options    
Denominator:    
Dilutive effects, common stock and unvested RSUs (in shares) 2,260,927 0
v3.24.1.u1
Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Schedule of Anti-Dilutive Elements (Details) - shares
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]    
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 81,000,000 194,800,000
Convertible senior notes due 2026 | Convertible Debt    
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]    
Shares available for conversion (in shares) 22,841,631  
Convertible senior notes due 2029 | Convertible Debt    
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]    
Shares available for conversion (in shares) 0  
Common stock options    
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]    
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 17,721,910 18,569,877
Common stock warrants    
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]    
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 12,170,990 12,170,990
Unvested RSUs    
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]    
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 73,141,764 86,139,377
Unvested PSUs    
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]    
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 14,913,609 18,073,029
Convertible Debt    
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]    
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 22,841,631 53,538,000
Contingent common stock    
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]    
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 45,859 6,305,595
v3.24.1.u1
Business Segment Information - Narrative (Details)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Number of reportable segments 3
v3.24.1.u1
Business Segment Information - Schedule of Financial Results (Details)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
segment
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest income (expense) $ 402,718 $ 236,010
Noninterest income (expense) 242,277 236,148
Total net revenue $ 644,995 472,158
Number of reportable segments | segment 3  
Reportable Segments Total(1)    
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest income (expense) $ 386,750 259,084
Noninterest income (expense) 188,643 236,985
Total net revenue 575,393 496,069
Servicing rights – change in valuation inputs or assumptions (5,226) (12,084)
Residual interests classified as debt – change in valuation inputs or assumptions 73 89
Directly attributable expenses (294,605) (283,554)
Contribution profit (loss) 275,635 200,520
Intercompany expenses 7,001 3,741
Reportable Segments Total(1) | Lending    
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest income (expense) 266,536 201,047
Noninterest income (expense) 63,940 136,034
Total net revenue 330,476 337,081
Servicing rights – change in valuation inputs or assumptions (5,226) (12,084)
Residual interests classified as debt – change in valuation inputs or assumptions 73 89
Directly attributable expenses (117,604) (115,188)
Contribution profit (loss) 207,719 209,898
Reportable Segments Total(1) | Technology Platform    
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest income (expense) 501 0
Noninterest income (expense) 93,865 77,887
Total net revenue 94,366 77,887
Servicing rights – change in valuation inputs or assumptions 0 0
Residual interests classified as debt – change in valuation inputs or assumptions 0 0
Directly attributable expenses (63,624) (63,030)
Contribution profit (loss) 30,742 14,857
Reportable Segments Total(1) | Financial Services    
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest income (expense) 119,713 58,037
Noninterest income (expense) 30,838 23,064
Total net revenue 150,551 81,101
Servicing rights – change in valuation inputs or assumptions 0 0
Residual interests classified as debt – change in valuation inputs or assumptions 0 0
Directly attributable expenses (113,377) (105,336)
Contribution profit (loss) 37,174 (24,235)
Corporate/Other    
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Net interest income (expense) 15,968 (23,074)
Noninterest income (expense) 53,634 (837)
Total net revenue $ 69,602 $ (23,911)
v3.24.1.u1
Business Segment Information - Schedule of Reconciliation of Contribution Profit (Loss) to Loss Before Tax (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Corporate/Other total net income (loss) $ 644,995 $ 472,158
Share-based compensation expense (55,082) (64,226)
Depreciation and amortization expense (48,539) (45,321)
Income (loss) before income taxes 94,226 (36,059)
Reportable segments    
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Reportable segments total contribution profit 275,635 200,520
Corporate/Other total net income (loss) 575,393 496,069
Intercompany expenses 7,001 3,741
Servicing rights – change in valuation inputs or assumptions 5,226 12,084
Residual interests classified as debt – change in valuation inputs or assumptions (73) (89)
Expenses not allocated to segments    
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Corporate/Other total net income (loss) 69,602 (23,911)
Share-based compensation expense (55,082) (64,226)
Employee-related costs (62,384) (61,814)
Depreciation and amortization expense (48,539) (45,321)
Other corporate and unallocated expenses    
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]    
Other corporate and unallocated expenses $ (97,160) $ (57,043)
v3.24.1.u1
Subsequent Events (Details) - Series 1 - Subsequent Event
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
Apr. 22, 2024
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Subsequent Event [Line Items]  
Number of shares called during period (in shares) | shares 3,234,000
Redemption price, not including dividends (in dollars per share) $ 100
Redemption price (in dollars per share) $ 105.1027
Redemption payment amount | $ $ 339.9