UNITY SOFTWARE INC., 10-Q filed on 11/5/2025
Quarterly Report
v3.25.3
Cover - shares
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Oct. 28, 2025
Cover [Abstract]    
Document Type 10-Q  
Document Quarterly Report true  
Document Period End Date Sep. 30, 2025  
Document Transition Report false  
Entity File Number 001-39497  
Entity Registrant Name UNITY SOFTWARE INC.  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE  
Entity Tax Identification Number 27-0334803  
Entity Address, Address Line One 116 New Montgomery Street  
Entity Address, City or Town San Francisco  
Entity Address, State or Province CA  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 94105-3607  
City Area Code 415  
Local Phone Number 638-9950  
Title of 12(b) Security Common stock, $0.000005 par value  
Trading Symbol U  
Security Exchange Name NYSE  
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes  
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes  
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer  
Entity Small Business false  
Entity Emerging Growth Company false  
Entity Shell Company false  
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   427,912,843
Amendment Flag false  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2025  
Document Fiscal Period Focus Q3  
Entity Central Index Key 0001810806  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
v3.25.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Current assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,898,558 $ 1,517,672
Accounts receivable, net 600,117 573,884
Prepaid expenses and other 123,885 133,795
Total current assets 2,622,560 2,225,351
Property and equipment, net 76,626 98,819
Goodwill 3,166,304 3,166,304
Intangible assets, net 769,022 1,066,235
Other assets 148,785 180,698
Total assets 6,783,297 6,737,407
Current liabilities:    
Accounts payable 20,006 13,948
Accrued expenses and other 299,394 294,951
Publisher payables 397,190 394,284
Deferred revenue 225,645 186,304
Total current liabilities 942,235 889,487
Convertible notes 2,234,307 2,238,922
Long-term deferred revenue 16,749 16,846
Other long-term liabilities 135,376 165,004
Total liabilities 3,328,667 3,310,259
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 7)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests 245,160 230,627
Stockholders' equity:    
Common stock, $0.000005 par value: Authorized shares - 1,000,000 and 1,000,000 Issued and outstanding shares - 427,778 and 409,393 2 2
Additional paid-in capital 7,257,519 6,936,038
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (5,278) (9,425)
Accumulated deficit (4,048,746) (3,735,944)
Total Unity Software Inc. stockholders' equity 3,203,497 3,190,671
Noncontrolling interest 5,973 5,850
Total stockholders' equity 3,209,470 3,196,521
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 6,783,297 $ 6,737,407
v3.25.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]    
Common stock, par value (USD per share) $ 0.000005 $ 0.000005
Common stock, authorized (in shares) 1,000,000,000 1,000,000,000
Common stock, issued (in shares) 427,778,000 409,393,000
Common stock, outstanding (in shares) 427,778,000 409,393,000
v3.25.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Income Statement [Abstract]        
Revenue $ 470,615 $ 446,517 $ 1,346,559 $ 1,356,156
Cost of revenue 120,332 112,054 348,500 365,316
Gross profit 350,283 334,463 998,059 990,840
Operating expenses        
Research and development 244,357 215,197 679,789 706,860
Sales and marketing 165,869 176,423 489,395 576,902
General and administrative 65,913 69,989 201,418 338,573
Total operating expenses 476,139 461,609 1,370,602 1,622,335
Loss from operations (125,856) (127,146) (372,543) (631,495)
Interest expense (6,043) (5,839) (17,964) (17,703)
Interest income and other income (expense), net 14,448 15,350 92,396 102,450
Loss before income taxes (117,451) (117,635) (298,111) (546,748)
Provision for (benefit from) Income taxes 9,377 6,913 13,989 (4,984)
Net loss (126,828) (124,548) (312,100) (541,764)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests (466) 191 702 (377)
Net loss attributable to Unity Software Inc. $ (126,362) $ (124,739) $ (312,802) $ (541,387)
Basic net loss per share attributable to Unity Software Inc. (USD per share) $ (0.30) $ (0.31) $ (0.75) $ (1.38)
Diluted net loss per share attributable to Unity Software Inc. (USD per share) $ (0.30) $ (0.31) $ (0.75) $ (1.38)
Weighted-average shares used in computation of basic net loss per share (in shares) 424,296 398,810 417,919 392,855
Weighted-average shares used in computation of diluted net loss per share (in shares) 424,296 398,810 417,919 392,855
v3.25.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]        
Net loss $ (126,828) $ (124,548) $ (312,100) $ (541,764)
Other comprehensive income, net of taxes:        
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment 1,353 7,412 5,247 2,558
Other comprehensive income 1,353 7,412 5,247 2,558
Comprehensive loss (125,475) (117,136) (306,853) (539,206)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests (466) 191 702 (377)
Foreign currency translation attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests 282 1,501 1,100 536
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests (184) 1,692 1,802 159
Comprehensive loss attributable to Unity Software Inc. $ (125,291) $ (118,828) $ (308,655) $ (539,365)
v3.25.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Total
Unity Software Inc. Stockholders' Equity
Common Stock
Additional Paid-In Capital
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated Deficit
Noncontrolling Interest
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023     384,871,561        
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023 $ 3,188,581 $ 3,182,642 $ 2 $ 6,259,479 $ (5,009) $ (3,071,830) $ 5,939 [1]
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans (in shares)     7,009,462        
Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans 57,302 57,302   57,302      
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs (in shares)     10,697,117        
Stock‑based compensation expense 494,086 494,086   494,086      
Net loss (541,413) (541,387)       (541,387) (26) [1]
Adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interest (10,968) (10,968)   (10,968)      
Other comprehensive income (loss) 2,058 2,022     2,022   36 [1]
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024     402,578,140        
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024 3,189,646 3,183,697 $ 2 6,799,899 (2,987) (3,613,217) 5,949 [1],[2]
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024     395,444,298        
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2024 3,190,520 3,184,686 $ 2 6,682,060 (8,898) (3,488,478) 5,834 [2]
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans (in shares)     2,592,849        
Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans 20,000 20,000   20,000      
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs (in shares)     4,540,993        
Stock‑based compensation expense 107,120 107,120   107,120      
Net loss (124,726) (124,739)       (124,739) 13 [2]
Adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interest (9,281) (9,281)   (9,281)      
Other comprehensive income (loss) 6,013 5,911     5,911   102 [2]
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024     402,578,140        
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024 $ 3,189,646 3,183,697 $ 2 6,799,899 (2,987) (3,613,217) 5,949 [1],[2]
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024 409,393,000   409,392,524        
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2024 $ 3,196,521 3,190,671 $ 2 6,936,038 (9,425) (3,735,944) 5,850 [1]
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans (in shares) 7,581,636   8,714,707        
Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans $ 85,476 85,476   85,476      
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs (in shares)     9,670,853        
Purchase of capped calls (44,436) (44,436)   (44,436)      
Stock‑based compensation expense 293,295 293,295   293,295      
Net loss (312,754) (312,802)       (312,802) 48 [1]
Adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interest (12,854) (12,854)   (12,854)      
Other comprehensive income (loss) $ 4,222 4,147     4,147   75 [1]
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2025 427,778,000   427,778,084        
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2025 $ 3,209,470 3,203,497 $ 2 7,257,519 (5,278) (4,048,746) 5,973 [1],[2]
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2025     420,440,864        
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2025 3,193,378 3,187,393 $ 2 7,116,124 (6,349) (3,922,384) 5,985 [2]
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans (in shares)     4,577,455        
Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans 54,082 54,082   54,082      
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs (in shares)     2,759,765        
Stock‑based compensation expense 91,948 91,948   91,948      
Net loss (126,394) (126,362)       (126,362) (32) [2]
Adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interest (4,635) (4,635)   (4,635)      
Other comprehensive income (loss) $ 1,091 1,071     1,071   20 [2]
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2025 427,778,000   427,778,084        
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2025 $ 3,209,470 $ 3,203,497 $ 2 $ 7,257,519 $ (5,278) $ (4,048,746) $ 5,973 [1],[2]
[1]
(1)    Excludes redeemable noncontrolling interests.
[2]
(1)    Excludes redeemable noncontrolling interests.
v3.25.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Operating activities    
Net loss $ (312,100) $ (541,764)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:    
Depreciation and amortization 329,038 305,819
Stock-based compensation expense 292,362 485,893
Gain on repayment of convertible note (42,744) (61,371)
Impairment of property and equipment 4,911 22,874
Other (4,520) 14,735
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:    
Accounts receivable, net (25,834) 35,463
Prepaid expenses and other 10,087 (11,949)
Other assets 30,558 4,367
Accounts payable 5,899 90
Accrued expenses and other 4,289 (15,367)
Publisher payables 2,906 (2,561)
Other long-term liabilities (31,656) (46,782)
Deferred revenue 38,324 13,914
Net cash provided by operating activities 301,520 203,361
Investing activities    
Purchases of non-marketable investments (2,000) 0
Purchases of intangible assets 0 (12,860)
Purchases of property and equipment (16,271) (23,107)
Net cash used in investing activities (18,271) (35,967)
Financing activities    
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes 690,000 0
Purchase of capped calls (44,436) 0
Payment of debt issuance costs (13,236) 0
Repayments of convertible note (641,691) (414,999)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from employee equity plans 85,476 57,302
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 76,113 (357,697)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 21,845 2,004
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 381,207 (188,299)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period 1,527,881 1,604,267
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period 1,909,088 1,415,968
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:    
Cash paid for interest 10,000 10,000
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds 6,868 19,341
Cash paid for operating leases 33,015 39,027
Supplemental disclosures of non‑cash investing and financing activities:    
Assets acquired under operating lease $ 6,987 $ 14,586
v3.25.3
Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Accounting Policies Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
We prepared the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States ("U.S.") generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for interim financial reporting. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Unity Software Inc., its wholly owned subsidiaries, and entities consolidated under the voting interest model. We have eliminated all intercompany balances and transactions. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, all adjustments, which include normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. The results of operations for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or other periods. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to our financial position and results of operations.
We review the useful lives of assets with a finite life on a recurring basis. Effective July 1, 2025, we revised our estimate of the remaining useful life for certain intangible assets from four to seven years, down to one to three years. These assets are included in “Intangible assets, net” on our consolidated balance sheets, are primarily “developed technology” within intangible assets, and primarily relate to assets arising from our acquisition of Wētā FX Limited in 2021. The shortened useful lives are due to certain assets no longer being actively developed and absence of currently established plans for incorporation into future Unity offerings. The effect of this change in estimate for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, was an increase in amortization expense and decrease in operating income of approximately $39 million, an increase in net loss of approximately $30 million, and an increase in our basic and diluted net loss per share of approximately $0.08 per share.
Employee Separation and Restructuring Costs
In the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we incurred incremental employee separation costs of approximately $23 million, primarily within sales and marketing and research and development. In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we incurred incremental employee separation costs of approximately $205 million, which included $127 million of incremental stock-based compensation. Of the incremental employee separation costs we incurred in the nine months ended September 30, 2024, $15 million are within cost of revenue, $46 million are within research and development, $52 million are within sales and marketing, and $92 million are within general and administrative. Additionally, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we incurred $16 million and $45 million, respectively, of other restructuring costs, primarily related to office closures.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In July 2025, the FASB issued a new Accounting Standards Update ("ASU 2025-05") amending the guidance around estimation of credit losses on current accounts receivable and current contract assets to
allow entities to elect a practical expedient to assume that the current conditions as of the balance sheet date will remain unchanged for the remaining life of the asset when developing a reasonable and supportable forecast. ASU 2025-05 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted and should be applied on a prospective basis. We are currently evaluating ASU 2025-05 to determine its impact on our financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued a new Accounting Standards Update ("ASU 2025-06") amending existing internal-use software guidance, changing the timing and thresholds for capitalizing these software costs. ASU 2025-06 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted and can be applied on either a prospective, modified, or retrospective basis. We are currently evaluating ASU 2025-06 to determine its impact on our financial statements.
v3.25.3
Revenue
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Revenue
The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by source, which also have similar economic characteristics (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Create Solutions$152,359 $147,369 $456,519 $461,816 
Grow Solutions318,256 299,148 890,040 894,340 
Total revenue$470,615 $446,517 $1,346,559 $1,356,156 
The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by geography, based on the invoice address of our customers (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
United States$130,741 $128,114 $379,396 $398,076 
Greater China (1)
90,458 65,679 239,235 187,432 
EMEA (2)
147,953 157,369 441,262 488,203 
APAC (3)
89,359 81,691 252,735 246,846 
Other Americas (4)
12,104 13,664 33,931 35,599 
Total revenue$470,615 $446,517 $1,346,559 $1,356,156 
(1)    Greater China includes China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.
(2)    Europe, the Middle East, and Africa ("EMEA")
(3)    Asia-Pacific, excluding Greater China ("APAC")
(4)    Canada and Latin America ("Other Americas")
Accounts Receivable, Net
Accounts receivable are recorded at the original invoiced amount, net of allowances for uncollectible amounts. We estimate losses on uncollectible amounts based on expected losses, including our historical experience of actual losses. The estimated losses on uncollectible amounts are recorded in general and administrative expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the allowance for uncollectible amounts was $11.4 million and $17.3 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the provision for uncollectible amounts was $0.9 million and $6.5 million, respectively.
Sales Commissions
Sales commissions that have a benefit beyond one year are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line method over the expected period of benefit, which is generally three years. As of September 30, 2025, capitalized commissions, net of amortization, included in prepaid expenses and
other and other assets were $5.8 million and $3.2 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, capitalized commissions, net of amortization, included in prepaid expenses and other and other assets were $6.5 million and $5.4 million, respectively.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recorded amortization costs of $1.7 million and $5.5 million in sales and marketing expenses, as compared to $2.2 million and $6.9 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. We did not incur any impairment losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
Contract Balances and Remaining Performance Obligations
Contract assets (unbilled receivables), primarily included in accounts receivable, net, are recorded when revenue is earned in advance of customer billing schedules. Unbilled receivables totaled $19.7 million and $20.5 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The long term portion of those unbilled receivables was included in other long-term assets on our consolidated balance sheets, and was not material as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Contract liabilities (deferred revenue) relate to payments received in advance of performance under the contract. Revenue recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 that was included in the deferred revenue balances at January 1, 2025 was $160 million.
Additionally, we have performance obligations associated with commitments in customer contracts to perform in the future that had not yet been recognized in our consolidated financial statements. For contracts with original terms that exceed one year, those commitments not yet recognized as of September 30, 2025, were $441 million and relate primarily to Create Solutions subscriptions, Enterprise Support, and Strategic Partnerships. These commitments generally extend over the next one to five years and we expect to recognize approximately $197 million or 45% of this revenue during the next 12 months.
v3.25.3
Financial Instruments
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Financial Instruments Financial Instruments
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are recorded at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. To increase the comparability of fair value measures, the following hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation methodologies used to measure fair value:
Level 1—Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2—Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration.
Level 3—Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. These valuations require significant judgment.
The following table summarizes, by major security type, our cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):
September 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Fair Value (1)
Cash$793,660 $995,802 
Level 1:
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Restricted cash$10,530 $10,209 
Money market funds401,902 327,333 
Time deposits702,996 194,537 
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents$1,115,428 $532,079 
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$1,909,088 $1,527,881 
(1)    Due to the highly liquid nature of our investments, amortized cost approximates fair value.
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
We hold equity investments in certain unconsolidated entities without a readily determinable fair value. These strategic investments represent less than a 20% ownership interest in each of the entities, and we do not have significant influence over or control of the entities. We use the measurement alternative to account for adjustments to these investments for observable transactions for the same or similar investments of the same issuer in any given quarter. If we determine an impairment has occurred, the investment is written down to the estimated fair value. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, such equity investments totaled $35.0 million and $33.0 million, respectively. No material adjustments to the carrying value of these equity investments were recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
v3.25.3
Investment in Unity China
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]  
Investment in Unity China Investment in Unity China
The results of Unity China, of which third-party investors hold a 20.5% ownership interest, are included in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Under certain conditions we may be required to repurchase the third-party interest in Unity China. The redeemable noncontrolling interests in Unity China are recorded as temporary equity on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.
The following table presents the changes in redeemable noncontrolling interests (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
20252024
2025
2024
Balance at beginning of period$240,697 $226,056 $230,627 $225,797 
Net gain/(loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests(434)178 654 (351)
Accretion for redeemable noncontrolling interests3,410 2,698 8,001 8,640 
Foreign currency translation and foreign exchange adjustments for redeemable noncontrolling interests1,487 7,982 5,878 2,828 
Balance at end of period$245,160 $236,914 $245,160 $236,914 
v3.25.3
Leases
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases
We have operating leases for offices, which have remaining lease terms of up to eight years.
Components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Operating lease expense$8,661 $10,695 $24,233 $31,527 
Variable lease expense1,680 1,395 4,254 4,613 
Sublease income(1,148)(671)(2,661)(1,467)
Total lease expense$9,193 $11,419 $25,826 $34,673 
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands, except weighted-average figures):
As of
ClassificationSeptember 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Operating lease assetsOther assets$58,407 $78,562 
Current operating lease liabilitiesAccrued expenses and other$29,463 $33,703 
Long-term operating lease liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities65,893 81,093 
Total operating lease liabilities$95,356 $114,796 
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our operating leases had a weighted-average remaining lease term of 4.1 years and 4.3 years, respectively, and a weighted-average discount rate of 5.5% and 5.4%, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded $12.2 million of impairment charges on operating lease assets, primarily within general and administrative.
As of September 30, 2025, our lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):
Operating Leases
Gross lease liabilities$106,143 
Less: imputed interest10,787 
Present value of lease liabilities$95,356 
v3.25.3
Borrowings
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Borrowings Borrowings
Convertible Notes
In February 2025, we issued an aggregate of $690 million principal amount of 0% Convertible Senior Notes due 2030 (the "2030 Notes"). Proceeds from the issuance of the 2030 Notes were $677 million, net of debt issuance costs and the cash was used to purchase capped call transactions, and repurchase convertible notes as discussed below. The debt issuance costs are amortized to interest expense using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective interest method.
As of September 30, 2025, we had $2.2 billion of unsecured convertible notes outstanding including $690 million of the 2030 Notes, $1.0 billion issued in November 2022 (the "2027 Notes"), $558 million issued in November 2021 (the "2026 Notes", together with the 2027 Notes and 2030 Notes, the "Notes"). The table below summarizes the principal and unamortized debt issuance costs and other material features of the Notes (in thousands):
Carrying Amount as of
Conversion Rate per
$1,000 Principal
Conversion Price (1)
MaturitiesStated Interest RatesSeptember 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Convertible notes:
Principal – 2026 Notes
3.2392 $308.72 20260.0%$557,724 $1,245,232 
Principal – 2027 Notes
20.4526 $48.89 20272.0%1,000,000 1,000,000 
Principal – 2030 Notes
27.6656 $36.15 20300.0%690,000 — 
Unamortized debt issuance costs, net(13,417)(6,310)
Net carrying amount$2,234,307 $2,238,922 
1)    We entered into capped call transactions in connection with the 2026 and 2030 Notes. The cap price of the capped call transactions relating to the Notes was initially $343.02 and $47.74, respectively, subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the capped call transactions. See below "--Capped Call Transactions."
Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears. The combined interest expense on the Notes related to regular interest and the amortization of debt issuance cost was $6.1 million and $18.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, and $5.8 million and $17.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.
As of September 30, 2025, the estimated fair value of the 2030 Notes was approximately $1.0 billion. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the estimated fair value of the 2027 Notes was approximately $1.2 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively, and the estimated fair value of the 2026 Notes was approximately $531 million and $1.1 billion, respectively. The fair value of the 2027 Notes was based on a combination of a discounted cash flow and Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of the 2030 Notes and 2026 Notes was based on quoted prices as of that date.
The 2027 Notes may be converted at the election of the holders thereof at any time prior to maturity. The 2026 Notes and 2030 Notes are convertible at the option of the respective holders thereof if a conversion condition applicable to such series of Notes is triggered. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, none of the conversion conditions of the 2026 Notes or the 2030 Notes were triggered, and the 2026 Notes were not convertible as of September 30, 2025.
Any such conversion of the Notes noted above, may be satisfied at our election with either cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. The conversion rates for the Notes are subject to customary adjustments for certain events as described in the relevant indenture governing the Notes.
The Notes are subject to additional terms. In connection with certain corporate events, as described in the indentures governing the Notes, we will increase the conversion rate for a holder of the applicable series of Notes who elects to convert those Notes in connection with the event. Additionally, upon the occurrence of certain corporate events and subject to certain exceptions, as described in the indenture governing the applicable series of Notes, holders of those Notes may require us to repurchase all or a portion of their notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to date. The 2026 Notes and 2030 Notes are also redeemable at our option if certain conditions are met, as described in the indentures governing the 2026 Notes and 2030 Notes respectively.
As of September 30, 2025, no holders of the Notes have exercised the conversion rights, and the if-converted value of the Notes did not exceed the principal amount.
Convertible Note Repurchase
During the first quarter of 2025, and the first quarter of 2024, the Company repurchased in privately negotiated transactions and extinguished a portion of the 2026 Notes, with a total principal balance of $688 million and $480 million, respectively. The aggregate repurchase price for these notes was $642 million and $415 million, respectively, resulting in pre-tax gains of $42.7 million and $61.4 million, net of
the write-off of unamortized issuance costs, respectively. These gains were included in Interest income and other income (expense), net, in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.
Capped Call Transactions
We entered into capped call transactions (the "Capped Call Transactions"), to reduce the potential dilutive effect of the 2026 Notes (the "2026 Capped Call Transactions"), and 2030 Notes (the "2030 Capped Call Transactions"), in connection with their pricing. The 2026 Capped Call Transactions, and the 2030 Capped Call Transactions, had net costs of $48.1 million and $44.4 million, respectively, with call options totaling approximately 5.6 million and 19.1 million of our common stock, and with expiration dates ranging from September 18, 2026 to November 12, 2026, and January 15, 2030 to March 13, 2030, respectively. The strike price of the 2026 Capped Call Transactions, and the 2030 Capped Call Transactions are $308.72 and $36.15, respectively, and the cap prices are initially $343.02 and $47.74 per share, respectively, subject to adjustments in certain circumstances. The Capped Call Transactions are freestanding, are considered separately exercisable from the 2026 Notes and 2030 Notes, and meet the conditions for equity classification.
v3.25.3
Commitments and Contingencies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies Commitments and Contingencies
The following table summarizes our non-cancelable contractual commitments as of September 30, 2025 (in thousands):
Total
Remainder of 2025
2026‑2027
2028‑2029
Thereafter
Operating leases (1)
$124,279 $11,107 $59,893 $35,378 $17,901 
Purchase commitments (2)
811,568 174,531 380,700 256,337 — 
Convertible note principal and interest (3)
2,297,724 10,000 1,597,724 — 690,000 
Total$3,233,571 $195,638 $2,038,317 $291,715 $707,901 
(1)    Operating leases consist of obligations for real estate, including leases that are not yet commenced or reflected on our consolidated balance sheet with future minimum lease payments of $18.1 million. These leases will commence in 2025 with lease terms of approximately three to seven years.
(2)    The substantial majority of our purchase commitments are related to agreements with our data center hosting providers.
(3)    Convertible notes due 2026, 2027, and 2030. See Note 6, "Borrowings," above for further discussion.
We expect to meet our remaining commitments.
Legal Matters
In the normal course of business, we are subject to various legal matters. We accrue a liability when management believes that it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. We also disclose material contingencies when we believe a loss is not probable but reasonably possible. Legal costs related to such potential losses are expensed as incurred. In addition, recoveries are shown as a reduction in legal costs in the period in which they are realized. With respect to our outstanding matters, based on our current knowledge, we believe that the resolution of such matters will not, either individually or in aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business or our condensed consolidated financial statements. However, litigation is inherently uncertain, and the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty. Accordingly, cash flows or results of operations could be materially affected in any particular period by the resolution of one or more of these matters. From time to time, we may be subject to other legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business.
Indemnifications
In the ordinary course of business, we may provide indemnifications of varying scope and terms to customers, vendors, lessors, investors, directors, officers, employees and other parties with respect to certain matters. Indemnification may include losses from our breach of such agreements, services we
provide, or third-party intellectual property infringement claims. These indemnifications may survive termination of the underlying agreement and the maximum potential amount of future indemnification payments may not be subject to a cap. As of September 30, 2025, there were no known events or circumstances that have resulted in a material indemnification liability to us and we did not incur material costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnifications.
Letters of Credit
We had $10.5 million and $10.2 million of secured letters of credit outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. These primarily relate to our office space leases and are fully collateralized by certificates of deposit which we record in restricted cash as other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
v3.25.3
Stock-Based Compensation
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation Stock‑Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation expense is as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Cost of revenue$9,111 $10,334 $28,084 $35,051 
Research and development46,061 58,582 147,706 203,228 
Sales and marketing17,894 21,885 57,063 108,138 
General and administrative18,902 13,816 59,509 139,476 
Total stock-based compensation expense$91,968 $104,617 $292,362 $485,893 
Included in the above expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, is $94 million of incremental stock-based compensation expense from modifications, primarily within general and administrative. These amounts predominately relate to the modification of awards held by the founders of ironSource Ltd. that departed in the first quarter of 2024.
Stock Options
A summary of our stock option, including price-vested options ("PVO"), activity is as follows:
Options Outstanding
Stock
Options
Outstanding
Weighted-Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(In Years)
Balance as of December 31, 202423,158,212 $21.10 4.24
Granted206,244 $24.72 
Exercised(7,581,636)$8.81 
Forfeited, cancelled, or expired(1,388,140)$46.72 
Balance as of September 30, 202514,394,680 $25.15 4.64
Restricted Stock Units
A summary of our restricted stock units ("RSU"), including price-vested units ("PVU"), and performance-based restricted stock units ("PSU"), activity is as follows:
Unvested RSUs
Number of
Shares
Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 202430,013,275 $26.03 
Granted14,140,701 $23.59 
Vested(9,588,758)$29.18 
Forfeited(6,264,133)$23.90 
Unvested as of September 30, 202528,301,085 $24.21 
Price-Vested Units and Price-Vested Options
The vesting for each of the PVOs and PVUs is subject to the fulfillment of both a service period that extends up to four years and the achievement of a stock price hurdle during the relevant performance period that extends up to six and seven years, respectively. The fair value of each PVO and PVU award is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation that uses assumptions determined on the date of grant. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the price hurdle on 420,000 outstanding PVO units were met, resulting in those units vesting. No other outstanding options or units, which had not already met their price hurdle in a prior period, attained their price hurdle in this period.
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units
Starting in the first quarter of 2025, we have issued PSUs to certain executives as part of their compensation. The vesting for each PSU is subject to the fulfillment of both a service period of 3 years, and the level of achievement of certain performance goals (revenue and EBITDA metrics), over three annual performance periods ("tranche"). These goals are set as a range of target outcomes, in the first quarter of each year, and can be attained at a rate between 0% and 150%, based on where in the range the final results fall. The fair value of each PSU is estimated separately for each tranche of the award, using the closing price of Unity's common stock on the day the performance goals are set for that tranche. The expense is the fair value of the award multiplied by the expected attainment of the related performance goals as of the balance sheet date, recognized ratably for each tranche over the period between the day the performance goal is set, and the end of the service period. The expense is adjusted each period for any changes in the expected attainment of the performance goals.
Fair Value Assumptions
The calculated grant-date fair value of stock options, PVUs, and PVOs granted, were estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for stock options, and a Monte Carlo stimulation for the PVUs and PVOs, with the following assumptions:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
202420252024
Expected dividend yield
Risk-free interest rate
3.5% - 4.2%
4.1%
3.5% - 4.4%
Expected volatility
60.0% - 67.3%
69.5%
60.0% - 67.3%
Expected term (in years)
6.25 - 10.00
6.25
6.25 - 10.00
Fair value of underlying common stock
$15.60 - $16.75
$24.72
$15.60 - $26.89
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The fair value of shares offered under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") was determined on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following table summarizes the assumptions used and the resulting grant-date fair values of our ESPP:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Expected dividend yield
Risk-free interest rate4.0%4.9%
4.0% - 4.3%
4.9% - 5.3%
Expected volatility72.4%49.3%
72.4% - 73.4%
49.3% - 56.0%
Expected term (in years)0.500.500.500.50
Grant-date fair value per share$14.03$4.82
$9.26 - $14.03
$4.82 - $9.11
Additional information related to the ESPP is provided below (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Shares issued under the ESPP438,133610,4581,132,0061,161,604
Weighted-average price per share issued$20.14$13.91$16.49$19.13
v3.25.3
Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
Our tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimated annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items arising in that quarter. In each quarter, we update the estimated annual effective tax rate and make a year-to-date adjustment to the provision. The estimated annual effective tax rate is subject to volatility due to several factors, including variability in accurately predicting our pre-tax income or loss and the mix of jurisdictions to which they relate, intercompany transactions, changes in how we do business, and tax law developments.
Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 differs from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the need to record a valuation allowance on U.S. losses and to a lesser extent tax expense on foreign earnings taxed at different rates. Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 differed from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the need to record a valuation allowance in the U.S. on losses, a tax benefit on foreign losses in connection with employee separation costs, and to a lesser extent, tax expense on foreign earnings taxed at different rates. In addition, during the first quarter of 2024, the Company restructured its tax operations which resulted in a reduction to the U.S. valuation allowance.
The realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character in future periods. We regularly assess the ability to realize our deferred tax assets and establish a valuation allowance if it is more-likely-than-not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In performing this assessment with respect to each jurisdiction, we review all available positive and negative evidence. Primarily due to our history of losses, we believe that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets of our U.S. federal, certain U.S. states, Denmark, U.K., and other non-U.S. jurisdictions will not be realized and we have maintained a full valuation allowance against such deferred tax assets.
As of September 30, 2025, we had $182.9 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, of which $34.3 million would impact the effective tax rate, if recognized. It is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2025 could increase or decrease significantly as the timing of the resolution, settlement, and closure of audits is highly uncertain. We believe that we have adequately provided for any reasonably foreseeable outcome related to our tax audits and that any settlement will not have a material impact on our financial condition and operating results at this time.
v3.25.3
Net Loss per Share of Common Stock
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Net Loss per Share of Common Stock Net Loss per Share of Common Stock
Basic and diluted net loss per share is the same for all periods presented because the effects of potentially dilutive items were antidilutive given our net loss in each period.
The following table presents potentially dilutive common stock excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share (in thousands) because the impact of including them would have been antidilutive:
As of September 30,
20252024
Convertible notes41,348 24,488 
Stock options and PVOs14,395 26,235 
Unvested RSUs, PVUs, and PSUs28,301 34,952 
v3.25.3
Segment Information
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information Segment Information
We have one reportable segment, software solutions. See "Revenue Recognition" in Note 1 of our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K, for detailed information regarding our products and services.
Our chief operating decision maker is the chief executive officer, who on a consolidated basis, assess the performance of, drives improvements in, and decides how to allocate resources in the reportable segment, based on multiple measures of performance including consolidated net income, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted gross margin, and adjusted EPS. As such, consolidated net income, which is reported and reconciled with all significant segment expenses on our consolidated statement of operations, is the measure that is most consistent with GAAP, while adjusted EBITDA, adjusted gross margin, and adjusted EPS are additional measures of our segment profitability.
The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheet as total consolidated assets. We do not have material intra-entity sales or transfers.
v3.25.3
Insider Trading Arrangements
3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
v3.25.3
Accounting Policies (Policies)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
We prepared the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States ("U.S.") generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for interim financial reporting.
Consolidation The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Unity Software Inc., its wholly owned subsidiaries, and entities consolidated under the voting interest model. We have eliminated all intercompany balances and transactions. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, all adjustments, which include normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. The results of operations for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or other periods. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to our financial position and results of operations.
We review the useful lives of assets with a finite life on a recurring basis. Effective July 1, 2025, we revised our estimate of the remaining useful life for certain intangible assets from four to seven years, down to one to three years. These assets are included in “Intangible assets, net” on our consolidated balance sheets, are primarily “developed technology” within intangible assets, and primarily relate to assets arising from our acquisition of Wētā FX Limited in 2021. The shortened useful lives are due to certain assets no longer being actively developed and absence of currently established plans for incorporation into future Unity offerings. The effect of this change in estimate for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, was an increase in amortization expense and decrease in operating income of approximately $39 million, an increase in net loss of approximately $30 million, and an increase in our basic and diluted net loss per share of approximately $0.08 per share.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In July 2025, the FASB issued a new Accounting Standards Update ("ASU 2025-05") amending the guidance around estimation of credit losses on current accounts receivable and current contract assets to
allow entities to elect a practical expedient to assume that the current conditions as of the balance sheet date will remain unchanged for the remaining life of the asset when developing a reasonable and supportable forecast. ASU 2025-05 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted and should be applied on a prospective basis. We are currently evaluating ASU 2025-05 to determine its impact on our financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued a new Accounting Standards Update ("ASU 2025-06") amending existing internal-use software guidance, changing the timing and thresholds for capitalizing these software costs. ASU 2025-06 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted and can be applied on either a prospective, modified, or retrospective basis. We are currently evaluating ASU 2025-06 to determine its impact on our financial statements.
Accounts Receivable, Net
Accounts Receivable, Net
Accounts receivable are recorded at the original invoiced amount, net of allowances for uncollectible amounts. We estimate losses on uncollectible amounts based on expected losses, including our historical experience of actual losses.
Sales Commissions and Contract Balances and Remaining Performance Obligations
Sales Commissions
Sales commissions that have a benefit beyond one year are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line method over the expected period of benefit, which is generally three years.Contract assets (unbilled receivables), primarily included in accounts receivable, net, are recorded when revenue is earned in advance of customer billing schedules.Contract liabilities (deferred revenue) relate to payments received in advance of performance under the contract.Additionally, we have performance obligations associated with commitments in customer contracts to perform in the future that had not yet been recognized in our consolidated financial statements. For contracts with original terms that exceed one year, those commitments not yet recognized as of September 30, 2025, were $441 million and relate primarily to Create Solutions subscriptions, Enterprise Support, and Strategic Partnerships.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are recorded at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. To increase the comparability of fair value measures, the following hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation methodologies used to measure fair value:
Level 1—Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2—Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration.
Level 3—Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. These valuations require significant judgment.
v3.25.3
Revenue (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Schedule of Revenue Disaggregated by Source
The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by source, which also have similar economic characteristics (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Create Solutions$152,359 $147,369 $456,519 $461,816 
Grow Solutions318,256 299,148 890,040 894,340 
Total revenue$470,615 $446,517 $1,346,559 $1,356,156 
Schedule of Revenue Disaggregated by Geography
The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by geography, based on the invoice address of our customers (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
United States$130,741 $128,114 $379,396 $398,076 
Greater China (1)
90,458 65,679 239,235 187,432 
EMEA (2)
147,953 157,369 441,262 488,203 
APAC (3)
89,359 81,691 252,735 246,846 
Other Americas (4)
12,104 13,664 33,931 35,599 
Total revenue$470,615 $446,517 $1,346,559 $1,356,156 
(1)    Greater China includes China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.
(2)    Europe, the Middle East, and Africa ("EMEA")
(3)    Asia-Pacific, excluding Greater China ("APAC")
(4)    Canada and Latin America ("Other Americas")
v3.25.3
Financial Instruments (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following table summarizes, by major security type, our cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):
September 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Fair Value (1)
Cash$793,660 $995,802 
Level 1:
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Restricted cash$10,530 $10,209 
Money market funds401,902 327,333 
Time deposits702,996 194,537 
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents$1,115,428 $532,079 
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$1,909,088 $1,527,881 
(1)    Due to the highly liquid nature of our investments, amortized cost approximates fair value.
v3.25.3
Investment in Unity China (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]  
Schedule of Changes in Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
The following table presents the changes in redeemable noncontrolling interests (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
20252024
2025
2024
Balance at beginning of period$240,697 $226,056 $230,627 $225,797 
Net gain/(loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests(434)178 654 (351)
Accretion for redeemable noncontrolling interests3,410 2,698 8,001 8,640 
Foreign currency translation and foreign exchange adjustments for redeemable noncontrolling interests1,487 7,982 5,878 2,828 
Balance at end of period$245,160 $236,914 $245,160 $236,914 
v3.25.3
Leases (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Leases [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Lease Expense
Components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Operating lease expense$8,661 $10,695 $24,233 $31,527 
Variable lease expense1,680 1,395 4,254 4,613 
Sublease income(1,148)(671)(2,661)(1,467)
Total lease expense$9,193 $11,419 $25,826 $34,673 
Schedule of Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Related to Leases
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands, except weighted-average figures):
As of
ClassificationSeptember 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Operating lease assetsOther assets$58,407 $78,562 
Current operating lease liabilitiesAccrued expenses and other$29,463 $33,703 
Long-term operating lease liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities65,893 81,093 
Total operating lease liabilities$95,356 $114,796 
Schedule of Lease Liabilities
As of September 30, 2025, our lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):
Operating Leases
Gross lease liabilities$106,143 
Less: imputed interest10,787 
Present value of lease liabilities$95,356 
v3.25.3
Borrowings (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Principal and Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs and Other Material Features of Notes The table below summarizes the principal and unamortized debt issuance costs and other material features of the Notes (in thousands):
Carrying Amount as of
Conversion Rate per
$1,000 Principal
Conversion Price (1)
MaturitiesStated Interest RatesSeptember 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Convertible notes:
Principal – 2026 Notes
3.2392 $308.72 20260.0%$557,724 $1,245,232 
Principal – 2027 Notes
20.4526 $48.89 20272.0%1,000,000 1,000,000 
Principal – 2030 Notes
27.6656 $36.15 20300.0%690,000 — 
Unamortized debt issuance costs, net(13,417)(6,310)
Net carrying amount$2,234,307 $2,238,922 
1)    We entered into capped call transactions in connection with the 2026 and 2030 Notes. The cap price of the capped call transactions relating to the Notes was initially $343.02 and $47.74, respectively, subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the capped call transactions. See below "--Capped Call Transactions."
v3.25.3
Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Non-Cancelable Contractual Commitments
The following table summarizes our non-cancelable contractual commitments as of September 30, 2025 (in thousands):
Total
Remainder of 2025
2026‑2027
2028‑2029
Thereafter
Operating leases (1)
$124,279 $11,107 $59,893 $35,378 $17,901 
Purchase commitments (2)
811,568 174,531 380,700 256,337 — 
Convertible note principal and interest (3)
2,297,724 10,000 1,597,724 — 690,000 
Total$3,233,571 $195,638 $2,038,317 $291,715 $707,901 
(1)    Operating leases consist of obligations for real estate, including leases that are not yet commenced or reflected on our consolidated balance sheet with future minimum lease payments of $18.1 million. These leases will commence in 2025 with lease terms of approximately three to seven years.
(2)    The substantial majority of our purchase commitments are related to agreements with our data center hosting providers.
(3)    Convertible notes due 2026, 2027, and 2030. See Note 6, "Borrowings," above for further discussion.
v3.25.3
Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Stock-based compensation expense is as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Cost of revenue$9,111 $10,334 $28,084 $35,051 
Research and development46,061 58,582 147,706 203,228 
Sales and marketing17,894 21,885 57,063 108,138 
General and administrative18,902 13,816 59,509 139,476 
Total stock-based compensation expense$91,968 $104,617 $292,362 $485,893 
Schedule of Stock Option Activity
A summary of our stock option, including price-vested options ("PVO"), activity is as follows:
Options Outstanding
Stock
Options
Outstanding
Weighted-Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(In Years)
Balance as of December 31, 202423,158,212 $21.10 4.24
Granted206,244 $24.72 
Exercised(7,581,636)$8.81 
Forfeited, cancelled, or expired(1,388,140)$46.72 
Balance as of September 30, 202514,394,680 $25.15 4.64
Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity
A summary of our restricted stock units ("RSU"), including price-vested units ("PVU"), and performance-based restricted stock units ("PSU"), activity is as follows:
Unvested RSUs
Number of
Shares
Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 202430,013,275 $26.03 
Granted14,140,701 $23.59 
Vested(9,588,758)$29.18 
Forfeited(6,264,133)$23.90 
Unvested as of September 30, 202528,301,085 $24.21 
Schedule of Grant-Date Fair Value of Stock Options Granted
The calculated grant-date fair value of stock options, PVUs, and PVOs granted, were estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for stock options, and a Monte Carlo stimulation for the PVUs and PVOs, with the following assumptions:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
202420252024
Expected dividend yield
Risk-free interest rate
3.5% - 4.2%
4.1%
3.5% - 4.4%
Expected volatility
60.0% - 67.3%
69.5%
60.0% - 67.3%
Expected term (in years)
6.25 - 10.00
6.25
6.25 - 10.00
Fair value of underlying common stock
$15.60 - $16.75
$24.72
$15.60 - $26.89
Schedule of Grant-Date Fair Values of ESPP The following table summarizes the assumptions used and the resulting grant-date fair values of our ESPP:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Expected dividend yield
Risk-free interest rate4.0%4.9%
4.0% - 4.3%
4.9% - 5.3%
Expected volatility72.4%49.3%
72.4% - 73.4%
49.3% - 56.0%
Expected term (in years)0.500.500.500.50
Grant-date fair value per share$14.03$4.82
$9.26 - $14.03
$4.82 - $9.11
Schedule of Additional Information Related to ESPP
Additional information related to the ESPP is provided below (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Shares issued under the ESPP438,133610,4581,132,0061,161,604
Weighted-average price per share issued$20.14$13.91$16.49$19.13
v3.25.3
Net Loss per Share of Common Stock (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Diluted Net Loss Per Share
The following table presents potentially dilutive common stock excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share (in thousands) because the impact of including them would have been antidilutive:
As of September 30,
20252024
Convertible notes41,348 24,488 
Stock options and PVOs14,395 26,235 
Unvested RSUs, PVUs, and PSUs28,301 34,952 
v3.25.3
Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Jul. 01, 2025
Jun. 30, 2025
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Decrease in operating income $ 125,856 $ 127,146 $ 372,543 $ 631,495    
Increase in net loss $ 126,362 $ 124,739 $ 312,802 $ 541,387    
Increase in basic net loss per share (USD per Share) $ 0.30 $ 0.31 $ 0.75 $ 1.38    
Increase in diluted net loss per share (USD per Share) $ 0.30 $ 0.31 $ 0.75 $ 1.38    
Cost of revenue            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Employee separation costs       $ 15,000    
Research and development            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Employee separation costs       46,000    
Sales and marketing            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Employee separation costs       52,000    
General and administrative            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Employee separation costs       92,000    
Employee Severance            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Employee separation costs     $ 23,000 205,000    
Stock-Based Compensation            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Employee separation costs       127,000    
Facility Closing            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Restructuring costs     16,000 $ 45,000    
Intangible Assets, Amortization Period            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Increase in intangible assets amortization expense $ 39,000   39,000      
Decrease in operating income 39,000   39,000      
Increase in net loss $ 30,000   $ 30,000      
Increase in basic net loss per share (USD per Share) $ 0.08   $ 0.08      
Increase in diluted net loss per share (USD per Share) $ 0.08   $ 0.08      
Minimum            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Useful life for intangible assets (in years)         1 year 4 years
Maximum            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Useful life for intangible assets (in years)         3 years 7 years
v3.25.3
Revenue - Schedule of Revenue Disaggregated by Source (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenue $ 470,615 $ 446,517 $ 1,346,559 $ 1,356,156
Create Solutions        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenue 152,359 147,369 456,519 461,816
Grow Solutions        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenue $ 318,256 $ 299,148 $ 890,040 $ 894,340
v3.25.3
Revenue - Schedule of Revenue Disaggregated by Geography (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenue $ 470,615 $ 446,517 $ 1,346,559 $ 1,356,156
United States        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenue 130,741 128,114 379,396 398,076
Greater China        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenue 90,458 65,679 239,235 187,432
EMEA        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenue 147,953 157,369 441,262 488,203
APAC        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenue 89,359 81,691 252,735 246,846
Other Americas        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenue $ 12,104 $ 13,664 $ 33,931 $ 35,599
v3.25.3
Revenue - Accounts Receivable, Net (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]      
Accounts receivable, allowances $ 11.4   $ 17.3
Provision for uncollectible amounts $ 0.9 $ 6.5  
v3.25.3
Revenue - Sales Commissions (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]          
Capitalized contract cost, amortization period 3 years   3 years    
Capitalized contract cost, amortization $ 1,700,000 $ 2,200,000 $ 5,500,000 $ 6,900,000  
Capitalized contract cost, impairment loss     0 $ 0  
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets          
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]          
Capitalized contract costs 5,800,000   5,800,000   $ 6,500,000
Other Assets          
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]          
Capitalized contract costs $ 3,200,000   $ 3,200,000   $ 5,400,000
v3.25.3
Revenue - Contract Balances (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]    
Unbilled receivables $ 19.7 $ 20.5
Revenue recognized $ 160.0  
v3.25.3
Revenue - Remaining Performance Obligations (Narrative) (Details)
$ in Millions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]  
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, amount $ 441
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-10-01  
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]  
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, amount $ 197
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, percentage 45.00%
Recognition period 12 months
Minimum  
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]  
Commitment term 1 year
Maximum  
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]  
Commitment term 5 years
v3.25.3
Financial Instruments - Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]        
Cash $ 793,660 $ 995,802    
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:        
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 1,909,088 1,527,881 $ 1,415,968 $ 1,604,267
Level 1:        
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:        
Restricted cash 10,530 10,209    
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents 1,115,428 532,079    
Level 1: | Money market funds        
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:        
Cash equivalents 401,902 327,333    
Level 1: | Time deposits        
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:        
Cash equivalents $ 702,996 $ 194,537    
v3.25.3
Financial Instruments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Equity investments $ 35.0 $ 33.0
Maximum    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Ownership interest less than 20.00%  
v3.25.3
Investment in Unity China - Narrative (Details)
Sep. 30, 2025
Third Party Investors | Unity China  
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]  
Noncontrolling interest, percentage sold 20.50%
v3.25.3
Investment in Unity China - Schedule of Changes in Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]        
Balance at beginning of period $ 240,697 $ 226,056 $ 230,627 $ 225,797
Net gain/(loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests (434) 178 654 (351)
Accretion for redeemable noncontrolling interests 3,410 2,698 8,001 8,640
Foreign currency translation and foreign exchange adjustments for redeemable noncontrolling interests 1,487 7,982 5,878 2,828
Balance at end of period $ 245,160 $ 236,914 $ 245,160 $ 236,914
v3.25.3
Leases - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]      
Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term   4 years 1 month 6 days 4 years 3 months 18 days
Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent   5.50% 5.40%
Operating lease, impairment loss $ 12.2    
Maximum      
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]      
Operating lease term (up to)   8 years  
v3.25.3
Leases - Schedule of Components of Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Leases [Abstract]        
Operating lease expense $ 8,661 $ 10,695 $ 24,233 $ 31,527
Variable lease expense 1,680 1,395 4,254 4,613
Sublease income (1,148) (671) (2,661) (1,467)
Total lease expense $ 9,193 $ 11,419 $ 25,826 $ 34,673
v3.25.3
Leases - Schedule of Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Related to Leases (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]    
Operating lease, right-of-use asset, statement of financial position [extensible enumeration] Other assets Other assets
Operating lease assets $ 58,407 $ 78,562
Operating lease, liability, current, statement of financial position [extensible enumeration] Accrued expenses and other Accrued expenses and other
Current operating lease liabilities $ 29,463 $ 33,703
Operating lease, liability, noncurrent, statement of financial position [extensible enumeration] Other long-term liabilities Other long-term liabilities
Long-term operating lease liabilities $ 65,893 $ 81,093
Total operating lease liabilities $ 95,356 $ 114,796
v3.25.3
Leases - Schedule of Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]    
Gross lease liabilities $ 106,143  
Less: imputed interest 10,787  
Present value of lease liabilities $ 95,356 $ 114,796
v3.25.3
Borrowings - Convertible Notes (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Feb. 28, 2025
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes       $ 690,000 $ 0  
Convertible Debt            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Debt outstanding   $ 2,200,000   2,200,000    
2026, 2027 and 2030 Notes | Convertible Debt            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Interest expense related to amortization of debt   $ 6,100 $ 5,800 $ 18,000 $ 17,700  
Principal – 2030 Notes | Convertible Debt            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Debt face amount $ 690,000          
Stated interest rates 0.00% 0.00%   0.00%    
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes $ 677,000          
Debt outstanding   $ 690,000   $ 690,000   $ 0
Debt instrument, fair value   $ 1,000,000   $ 1,000,000    
Principal – 2027 Notes | Convertible Debt            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Stated interest rates   2.00%   2.00%    
Debt outstanding   $ 1,000,000   $ 1,000,000   1,000,000
Debt instrument, fair value   1,200,000   $ 1,200,000   1,000,000
Redemption price percentage       100.00%    
Principal – 2026 Notes            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Debt outstanding   $ 558,000   $ 558,000    
Principal – 2026 Notes | Convertible Debt            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Stated interest rates   0.00%   0.00%    
Debt outstanding   $ 557,724   $ 557,724   1,245,232
Debt instrument, fair value   $ 531,000   $ 531,000   $ 1,100,000
v3.25.3
Borrowings - Schedule of Principal and Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs and Other Material Features of Notes (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
$ / shares
Feb. 28, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Net carrying amount $ 2,234,307   $ 2,238,922
Convertible Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Principal 2,200,000    
2026, 2027 and 2030 Notes | Convertible Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Unamortized debt issuance costs, net (13,417)   (6,310)
Net carrying amount 2,234,307   2,238,922
Principal – 2026 Notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Principal $ 558,000    
Cap price (USD per share) | $ / shares $ 343.02    
Principal – 2026 Notes | Convertible Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Conversion ratio 0.0032392    
Conversion price (USD per share) | $ / shares $ 308.72    
Stated Interest Rates 0.00%    
Principal $ 557,724   1,245,232
Principal – 2027 Notes | Convertible Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Conversion ratio 0.0204526    
Conversion price (USD per share) | $ / shares $ 48.89    
Stated Interest Rates 2.00%    
Principal $ 1,000,000   1,000,000
Principal – 2030 Notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Cap price (USD per share) | $ / shares $ 47.74    
Principal – 2030 Notes | Convertible Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Conversion ratio 0.0276656    
Conversion price (USD per share) | $ / shares $ 36.15    
Stated Interest Rates 0.00% 0.00%  
Principal $ 690,000   $ 0
v3.25.3
Borrowings - Convertible Note Repurchase (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Pre-tax gains     $ 42,744 $ 61,371
Principal – 2026 Notes | Convertible Debt        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Repurchased principal amount $ 688,000 $ 480,000    
Aggregate repurchase price 642,000 415,000    
Pre-tax gains $ 42,700 $ 61,400    
v3.25.3
Borrowings - Capped Call Transactions (Narrative) (Details)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Principal – 2026 Notes  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Net cost incurred | $ $ 48.1
Number of common shares (in shares) | shares 5.6
Strike price (USD per share) $ 308.72
Cap price (USD per share) $ 343.02
Principal – 2030 Notes  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Net cost incurred | $ $ 44.4
Number of common shares (in shares) | shares 19.1
Strike price (USD per share) $ 36.15
Cap price (USD per share) $ 47.74
v3.25.3
Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Non-Cancelable Contractual Commitments (Details)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Operating leases  
Total $ 124,279
Remainder of 2025 11,107
2026‑2027 59,893
2028‑2029 35,378
Thereafter 17,901
Purchase commitments  
Total 811,568
Remainder of 2025 174,531
2026‑2027 380,700
2028‑2029 256,337
Thereafter 0
Convertible note principal and interest  
Total 2,297,724
Remainder of 2025 10,000
2026‑2027 1,597,724
2028‑2029 0
Thereafter 690,000
Total  
Total 3,233,571
Remainder of 2025 195,638
2026‑2027 2,038,317
2028‑2029 291,715
Thereafter 707,901
Leases not yet commenced $ 18,100
Minimum  
Total  
Lessee, operating lease, lease not yet commenced, term 3 years 2 months
Maximum  
Total  
Lessee, operating lease, lease not yet commenced, term 7 years
v3.25.3
Commitments and Contingencies - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Letter of Credit    
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]    
Letter of credit outstanding $ 10.5 $ 10.2
v3.25.3
Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]        
Total stock-based compensation expense $ 91,968 $ 104,617 $ 292,362 $ 485,893
Cost of revenue        
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]        
Total stock-based compensation expense 9,111 10,334 28,084 35,051
Research and development        
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]        
Total stock-based compensation expense 46,061 58,582 147,706 203,228
Sales and marketing        
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]        
Total stock-based compensation expense 17,894 21,885 57,063 108,138
General and administrative        
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]        
Total stock-based compensation expense $ 18,902 $ 13,816 $ 59,509 $ 139,476
v3.25.3
Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details)
shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
shares
Mar. 31, 2025
annual_performance_period
Sep. 30, 2025
shares
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]        
Incremental stock expense | $       $ 94
Price-Vested Options        
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]        
Award requisite service period     4 years  
Award performance period     6 years  
Number of options vested (in shares) | shares 420   420  
Price-Vested Units        
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]        
Award requisite service period     4 years  
Award performance period     7 years  
Performance Shares        
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]        
Award requisite service period   3 years    
Number of annual performance periods | annual_performance_period   3    
Performance Shares | Minimum        
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]        
Award vesting rights (in percent)   0    
Performance Shares | Maximum        
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]        
Award vesting rights (in percent)   1.50    
v3.25.3
Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Stock Option Activity (Details) - $ / shares
9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Stock Options Outstanding    
Beginning balance (in shares) 23,158,212  
Granted (in shares) 206,244  
Exercised (in shares) (7,581,636)  
Forfeited, cancelled, or expired (in shares) (1,388,140)  
Ending balance (in shares) 14,394,680 23,158,212
Weighted-Average Exercise Price    
Beginning balance (USD per share) $ 21.10  
Granted (USD per share) 24.72  
Exercised (USD per share) 8.81  
Forfeited, cancelled, or expired (USD per share) 46.72  
Ending balance (USD per share) $ 25.15 $ 21.10
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)    
Options outstanding, Weighted average remaining contractual term 4 years 7 months 20 days 4 years 2 months 26 days
v3.25.3
Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity (Details) - Unvested RSUs, PVUs and PSUs
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
$ / shares
shares
Number of Shares  
Unvested at beginning of period (in shares) | shares 30,013,275
Granted (in shares) | shares 14,140,701
Vested (in shares) | shares (9,588,758)
Forfeited (in shares) | shares (6,264,133)
Unvested at end of period (in shares) | shares 28,301,085
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value  
Unvested at beginning of period (USD per share) | $ / shares $ 26.03
Granted (USD per share) | $ / shares 23.59
Vested (USD per share) | $ / shares 29.18
Forfeited (USD per share) | $ / shares 23.90
Unvested at end of period (USD per share) | $ / shares $ 24.21
v3.25.3
Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Grant-Date Fair Value of Stock Options Granted (Details) - Stock options and PVUs, and PVOs - $ / shares
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Expected dividend yield 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Risk-free interest rate, minimum 3.50%   3.50%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum 4.20%   4.40%
Risk-free interest rate   4.10%  
Expected volatility, minimum 60.00%   60.00%
Expected volatility, maximum 67.30%   67.30%
Expected volatility   69.50%  
Expected term (in years)   6 years 3 months  
Fair value of underlying common stock (USD per share)   $ 24.72  
Minimum      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Expected term (in years) 6 years 3 months   6 years 3 months
Fair value of underlying common stock (USD per share) $ 15.60   $ 15.60
Maximum      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Expected term (in years) 10 years   10 years
Fair value of underlying common stock (USD per share) $ 16.75   $ 26.89
v3.25.3
Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Grant-Date Fair Values of ESPP (Details) - Employee Stock Purchase Plan - $ / shares
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Expected dividend yield 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Risk-free interest rate 4.00% 4.90%    
Risk-free interest rate, minimum     4.00% 4.90%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum     4.30% 5.30%
Expected volatility 72.40% 49.30%    
Expected volatility, minimum     72.40% 49.30%
Expected volatility, maximum     73.40% 56.00%
Expected term (in years) 6 months 6 months 6 months 6 months
Grant-date fair value per share (USD per share) $ 14.03 $ 4.82    
Minimum        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Grant-date fair value per share (USD per share)     $ 9.26 $ 4.82
Maximum        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Grant-date fair value per share (USD per share)     $ 14.03 $ 9.11
v3.25.3
Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Additional Information Related to ESPP (Details) - Employee Stock Purchase Plan - $ / shares
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Shares issued under the ESPP (in shares) 438,133 610,458 1,132,006 1,161,604
Weighted-average price per share issued (USD per share) $ 20.14 $ 13.91 $ 16.49 $ 19.13
v3.25.3
Income Taxes (Details)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Unrecognized tax benefits $ 182.9
Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate $ 34.3
v3.25.3
Net Loss per Share of Common Stock (Details) - shares
shares in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Convertible notes    
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]    
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 41,348 24,488
Stock options and PVOs    
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]    
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 14,395 26,235
Unvested RSUs, PVUs, and PSUs    
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]    
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 28,301 34,952
v3.25.3
Segment Information (Details)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Number of reportable segments 1