ROCKET COMPANIES, INC., 10-K filed on 3/3/2025
Annual Report
v3.25.0.1
Cover - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Feb. 24, 2025
Jun. 30, 2024
Entity Listings [Line Items]      
Document Type 10-K    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2024    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
Document Transition Report false    
Entity File Number 001-39432    
Entity Registrant Name Rocket Companies, Inc.    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE    
Entity Tax Identification Number 84-4946470    
Entity Address, Address Line One 1050 Woodward Avenue    
Entity Address, City or Town Detroit    
Entity Address, State or Province MI    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 48226    
City Area Code 313    
Local Phone Number 373-7990    
Title of 12(b) Security Class A common stock, par value $0.00001 per share    
Trading Symbol RKT    
Security Exchange Name NYSE    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer    
Entity Small Business false    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true    
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag] false    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Public Float     $ 1,917,501,087
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for use in connection with its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which is to be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2024, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
   
Entity Central Index Key 0001805284    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2024    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
Amendment Flag false    
Class A common stock      
Entity Listings [Line Items]      
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   147,306,839  
Class D common stock      
Entity Listings [Line Items]      
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   1,848,879,483  
v3.25.0.1
Audit Information
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Audit Information [Abstract]  
Auditor Name Ernst & Young LLP
Auditor Location Detroit, Michigan
Auditor Firm ID 42
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Assets    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,272,853 $ 1,108,466
Restricted cash 16,468 28,366
Mortgage loans held for sale, at fair value 9,020,176 6,542,232
Mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), at fair value 7,633,371 6,439,787
Notes receivable and due from affiliates 14,245 19,530
Property and equipment, net 213,848 250,856
Deferred tax asset, net 521,824 550,149
Lease right of use assets 281,770 347,696
Loans subject to repurchase right from Ginnie Mae 2,785,146 1,533,387
Goodwill and intangible assets, net 1,227,517 1,236,765
Other assets 1,330,412 1,015,022
Total assets 24,510,063 19,231,740
Liabilities:    
Funding facilities 6,708,186 3,367,383
Other financing facilities and debt:    
Senior Notes, net 4,038,926 4,033,448
Early buy out facility 92,949 203,208
Accounts payable 181,713 171,350
Lease liabilities 319,296 393,882
Forward commitments, at fair value 11,209 142,988
Investor reserves 99,998 92,389
Tax receivable agreement liability 581,183 584,695
Loans subject to repurchase right from Ginnie Mae 2,785,146 1,533,387
Total liabilities 15,466,683 10,930,030
Equity:    
Additional paid-in capital 389,695 340,532
Retained earnings 312,834 284,296
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (48) 52
Non-controlling interest 8,340,879 7,676,810
Total equity 9,043,380 8,301,710
Total liabilities and equity 24,510,063 19,231,740
Class A common stock    
Equity:    
Common stock 1 1
Class B common stock    
Equity:    
Common stock 0 0
Class C common stock    
Equity:    
Common stock 0 0
Class D common stock    
Equity:    
Common stock 19 19
Related Party    
Other financing facilities and debt:    
Other liabilities 31,280 31,006
Nonrelated Party    
Other financing facilities and debt:    
Other liabilities 616,797 376,294
IRLCs    
Assets    
Derivatives, at fair value 103,101 132,870
Forward commitments    
Assets    
Derivatives, at fair value $ 89,332 $ 26,614
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Class A common stock    
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.00001 $ 0.00001
Common stock authorized (in shares) 10,000,000,000 10,000,000,000
Common stock issued (in shares) 146,028,193 135,814,173
Common stock outstanding (in shares) 146,028,193 135,814,173
Class B common stock    
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.00001 $ 0.00001
Common stock authorized (in shares) 6,000,000,000 6,000,000,000
Common stock issued (in shares) 0 0
Common stock outstanding (in shares) 0 0
Class C common stock    
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.00001 $ 0.00001
Common stock authorized (in shares) 6,000,000,000 6,000,000,000
Common stock issued (in shares) 0 0
Common stock outstanding (in shares) 0 0
Class D common stock    
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.00001 $ 0.00001
Common stock authorized (in shares) 6,000,000,000 6,000,000,000
Common stock issued (in shares) 1,848,879,483 1,848,879,483
Common stock outstanding (in shares) 1,848,879,483 1,848,879,483
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Gain on sale of loans:      
Gain on sale of loans excluding fair value of MSRs, net $ 1,682,697 $ 973,960 $ 1,166,770
Fair value of originated MSRs 1,330,216 1,092,332 1,970,647
Gain on sale of loans, net 3,012,913 2,066,292 3,137,417
Loan servicing income:      
Servicing fee income 1,462,173 1,401,780 1,458,637
Change in fair value of MSRs (578,681) (700,982) 185,036
Loan servicing income, net 883,492 700,798 1,643,673
Interest income:      
Interest income 413,159 327,448 350,591
Interest expense on funding facilities (315,593) (206,588) (166,388)
Interest income, net 97,566 120,860 184,203
Other income 1,106,827 911,319 873,200
Total revenue, net 5,100,798 3,799,269 5,838,493
Expenses      
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits 2,261,245 2,257,291 2,797,868
General and administrative expenses 893,154 802,865 906,195
Marketing and advertising expenses 824,042 736,676 945,694
Depreciation and amortization 112,917 110,271 94,020
Interest and amortization expense on non-funding debt 153,637 153,386 153,596
Other expenses 187,751 141,677 199,209
Total expenses 4,432,746 4,202,166 5,096,582
Income (loss) before income taxes 668,052 (402,897) 741,911
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes (32,224) 12,817 (41,978)
Net income (loss) 635,828 (390,080) 699,933
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interest (606,458) 374,566 (653,512)
Net income (loss) attributable to Rocket Companies $ 29,370 $ (15,514) $ 46,421
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock      
Basic (in dollars per share) $ 0.21 $ (0.12) $ 0.39
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ 0.21 $ (0.15) $ 0.28
Weighted average shares outstanding      
Basic (in shares) 141,037,083 128,641,762 120,577,548
Diluted (in shares) 141,037,083 1,980,523,690 1,971,620,573
Comprehensive income (loss)      
Net income (loss) $ 635,828 $ (390,080) $ 699,933
Cumulative translation adjustment (1,364) (191) (950)
Unrealized gain on investment securities 0 0 516
Comprehensive income (loss) 634,464 (390,271) 699,499
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interest (605,193) 374,744 (653,101)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Rocket Companies $ 29,271 $ (15,527) $ 46,398
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Total
Common Stock
Class A common stock
Common Stock
Class D common stock
Additional Paid-in Capital
Retained Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Total Non-controlling Interest
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021   126,437,703 1,848,879,483        
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2021 $ 9,759,532 $ 1 $ 19 $ 287,558 $ 378,005 $ 81 $ 9,093,868
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Net income (loss) 699,933       46,421   653,512
Cumulative translation adjustment (950)         (48) (902)
Unrealized gain on investment securities 516         25 491
Stock based compensation, net (in shares)   10,142,678          
Share-based compensation, net 210,484     13,643     196,841
Distributions for state taxes on behalf of unit holders (members), net of refunds (30,778)       (373)   (30,405)
Distributions to unit holders (members) from subsidiary investment, net (1,831,137)     717     (1,831,854)
Special Dividend to Class A Shareholders, net of forfeitures (154,035)       (123,659)   (30,376)
Taxes withheld on team members' restricted share award vesting $ (43,748)     (2,529)     (41,219)
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of stock options (in shares) 0            
Issuance of Class A common stock under share-based compensation plans (in shares)   4,609,697          
Issuance of Class A common stock under share-based compensation plans $ 43,474     2,722     40,752
Repurchase of Class A common Shares (in shares)   (17,698,472)          
Repurchase of Class A common Shares (177,700)     (177,700)      
Change in controlling interest of investment, net (42)     151,810   11 (151,863)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022   123,491,606 1,848,879,483        
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2022 8,475,549 $ 1 $ 19 276,221 300,394 69 7,898,845
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Net income (loss) (390,080)       (15,514)   (374,566)
Cumulative translation adjustment (191)         (13) (178)
Unrealized gain on investment securities 0            
Stock based compensation, net (in shares)   9,036,125          
Share-based compensation, net 176,165     11,424     164,741
Distributions for state taxes on behalf of unit holders (members), net of refunds 2,464       (50)   2,514
Contributions from unit holders (members) to subsidiary investment, net 61,351           61,351
Special Dividend to Class A Shareholders, net of forfeitures 2,394       154   2,240
Taxes withheld on team members' restricted share award vesting $ (47,551)     (3,148)     (44,403)
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of stock options (in shares) 0            
Issuance of Class A common stock under share-based compensation plans (in shares)   3,286,442          
Issuance of Class A common stock under share-based compensation plans $ 29,149     1,881     27,268
Change in controlling interest of investment, net (7,540)     54,154 (688) (4) (61,002)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023   135,814,173 1,848,879,483        
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2023 8,301,710 $ 1 $ 19 340,532 284,296 52 7,676,810
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Net income (loss) 635,828       29,370   606,458
Cumulative translation adjustment (1,364)         (99) (1,265)
Unrealized gain on investment securities 0            
Stock based compensation, net (in shares)   7,175,159          
Share-based compensation, net 140,451     9,978     130,473
Distributions for state taxes on behalf of unit holders (members), net of refunds 167       (20)   187
Distributions to unit holders (members) from subsidiary investment, net (13,853)       (838)   (13,015)
Special Dividend to Class A Shareholders, net of forfeitures 371       26   345
Taxes withheld on team members' restricted share award vesting $ (64,695)     (4,636)     (60,059)
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of stock options (in shares) 814,371 814,371          
Issuance of Class A common stock upon exercise of stock options $ 14,670     1,053     13,617
Issuance of Class A common stock under share-based compensation plans (in shares)   2,224,490          
Issuance of Class A common stock under share-based compensation plans $ 30,951     2,185     28,766
Repurchase of Class A common Shares (in shares) 0            
Change in controlling interest of investment, net $ (856)     40,583   (1) (41,438)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024   146,028,193 1,848,879,483        
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2024 $ 9,043,380 $ 1 $ 19 $ 389,695 $ 312,834 $ (48) $ 8,340,879
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Operating activities      
Net income (loss) $ 635,828 $ (390,080) $ 699,933
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization 112,917 110,271 94,020
Provision for (benefit from) deferred income taxes 29,352 (17,781) 36,174
Origination of MSRs (1,330,216) (1,092,332) (1,970,647)
Change in fair value of MSRs, net 584,387 678,672 (259,647)
Gain on sale of loans excluding fair value of MSRs, net (1,682,697) (973,960) (1,166,770)
Disbursements of mortgage loans held for sale (100,480,868) (78,280,730) (134,326,580)
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale 99,491,927 80,232,343 147,980,499
Disbursements of non-mortgage loans held for sale (280,655) (168,573) 0
Change in fair value of non-mortgage loans held for sale 12,136 5,555 0
Share-based compensation expense 145,483 180,134 216,001
Change in assets and liabilities:      
Due from affiliates 5,285 (8,734) (1,043)
Other assets 14,012 (62,804) 22,758
Accounts payable 10,363 55,018 (155,213)
Due to affiliates 2,024 (2,641) (907)
Other liabilities 101,483 (154,029) (345,083)
Total adjustments (3,265,067) 500,409 10,123,562
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities (2,629,239) 110,329 10,823,495
Investing activities      
Proceeds from sale of MSRs 297,884 1,011,897 671,917
Net purchase of MSRs (737,603) (101,218) (14,640)
Decrease in mortgage loans held for investment 11,755 9,803 12,534
Purchases of investment securities, available for sale 0 (5,472) 0
Sales of investment securities, available for sale 0 6,479 0
Net decrease in investment securities, held to maturity 0 0 2,055
Purchase and other additions of property and equipment, net of disposals (67,509) (60,336) (93,124)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (495,473) 861,153 578,742
Financing activities      
Net borrowings (payments) on funding facilities 3,340,803 (181,316) (9,202,893)
Net payments on lines of credit 0 0 (75,000)
Net payments on early buy out facility (110,259) (469,674) (1,223,902)
Net (payments) borrowings on notes payable from unconsolidated affiliates (1,750) 184 720
Proceeds from consolidated CFE, net 92,650 0 0
Stock issuance 40,603 24,878 37,760
Share repurchase 0 0 (177,700)
Taxes withheld on employees' restricted share award vesting (64,695) (47,551) (43,748)
Increase in controlling interest in subsidiaries 0 (2,630) 0
(Distributions to) contributions from other unit holders (members) and Class A shareholders (18,787) 52,551 (2,139,023)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 3,278,565 (623,558) (12,823,786)
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (1,364) (191) (949)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash 152,489 347,733 (1,422,498)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 1,136,832 789,099 2,211,597
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period 1,289,321 1,136,832 789,099
Non-cash activities      
Loans transferred to other real estate owned 3,476 2,357 1,312
Supplemental disclosures      
Cash paid for interest on related party borrowings 1,725 1,853 6,408
Cash paid for interest, net 479,344 378,927 321,176
Cash paid (received) for income taxes, net $ 5,657 $ (856) $ 12,544
v3.25.0.1
Business, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Business, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies Business, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies
Rocket Companies, Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, is referred to throughout this report as the "Company", “Rocket Companies”, “we”, “us” and “our”) was incorporated in Delaware on February 26, 2020 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Rock Holdings Inc. (“RHI”) for the purpose of facilitating an initial public offering (“IPO”) of its Class A common stock, $0.00001 par value (the “Class A common stock”) and other related transactions in order to carry on the business of Rocket, LLC (“Holdings”) and its wholly owned subsidiaries.

We are a Detroit‑based fintech company including mortgage, real estate and personal finance businesses. We are committed to delivering industry-best client experiences through our AI-fueled homeownership strategy. Our full suite of products empowers our clients across financial wellness, personal loans, home search, mortgage finance, title and closing. We believe our widely recognized “Rocket” brand is synonymous with simple, fast and trusted digital experiences. Through these businesses, we seek to deliver innovative client solutions leveraging our Rocket platform. Our business operations are organized into the following two segments: (1) Direct to Consumer and (2) Partner Network, refer to Note 16, Segments.

Rocket Companies, Inc. is a holding company. Its primary material asset is the equity interest in Holdings which, including through its direct and indirect subsidiaries, conducts the Company's operations. Holdings is a Michigan limited liability company and wholly owns the following entities, with each entity's subsidiaries identified in parentheses: Rocket Mortgage, LLC, Amrock Holdings, LLC, Rocket Title Insurance Company (“RTIC”), LMB HoldCo LLC (“Core Digital Media”), RCRA Holdings LLC (Rock Connections LLC dba “Rocket Connections”), Rocket Homes Real Estate LLC (“Rocket Homes”), RockLoans Holdings LLC (“Rocket Loans”), Rocket Money, Inc. (“Rocket Money”), Rocket Worldwide Holdings, Inc. (EFB Holdings Inc. (“Rocket Mortgage Canada”) and Lendesk Canada Holdings Inc. (“Lendesk Technologies”)), Woodward Capital Management LLC and Rocket Card, LLC. As used herein, “Rocket Mortgage” refers to either the Rocket Mortgage brand or platform, or the Rocket Mortgage business, as the context allows.

Effective February 10, 2025, Amrock, LLC amended its name to Rocket Close, LLC.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

As the sole managing member of Holdings, the Company operates and controls all of the business affairs of Holdings, and through Holdings and its subsidiaries, conducts its business. Holdings is considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and we consolidate the financial results of Holdings under the guidance of ASC 810, Consolidation. A portion of our Net income (loss) is allocated to Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interest. For further details, refer below to Variable Interest Entities and Note 17, Non-controlling Interest.

For further details on the Company's other consolidated VIE, refer below to Consolidation of Collateralized Financing Entity.

All significant intercompany transactions and accounts between the businesses comprising the Company have been eliminated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

The Company's derivatives, IRLCs, MSRs, mortgage and non-mortgage loans held for sale and trading investment securities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, other assets may be required to be measured at fair value in the consolidated financial statements on a nonrecurring basis. For further details of the Company's transactions refer to Note 2, Fair Value Measurements.

All transactions and accounts between RHI and other related parties with the Company have a history of settlement or will be settled for cash and are reflected as related party transactions. For further details of the Company’s related party transactions refer to Note 7, Transactions with Related Parties.
Our consolidated financial statements are audited and presented in U.S. dollars. They have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period financial statement presentation.

Management Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management is not aware of any factors that would significantly change its estimates and assumptions as of December 31, 2024. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Subsequent Events

In preparing these consolidated financial statements, the Company evaluated events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure through the date the accompanying consolidated financial statements were issued. Refer to Note 6, Borrowings and Note 7, Transactions with Related Parties for disclosure of changes to the Company’s debt agreements and Note 14, Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees for disclosure of legal updates that occurred subsequent to December 31, 2024.

Special Dividends

On February 24, 2022, our board of directors authorized and declared a cash dividend (the “2022 Special Dividend”) of $1.01 per share to the holders of our Class A common stock. The 2022 Special Dividend was paid on March 22, 2022 to holders of the Class A common stock of record as of the close of business on March 8, 2022. The Company funded the 2022 Special Dividend from cash distributions of approximately $2.0 billion by Rocket, LLC to all of its members, including the Company.

There was no dividend authorized or declared during 2024 or 2023.

Share Repurchase Authorization

On November 10, 2020, our board of directors approved a share repurchase program of up to $1.0 billion of our Common Stock, including both Class A and Class D, which authorized repurchases, from time to time, in privately negotiated transactions or in the open market, in accordance with applicable securities laws (the “Share Repurchase Program”). The Share Repurchase Program was renewed on November 11, 2022 and expired on November 11, 2024. During the Share Repurchase Program period, Rocket Companies repurchased 32.1 million shares at a weighted average price of $12.73. There were no share repurchases during 2024. We returned $409.3 million to shareholders in aggregate under the $1.0 billion Share Repurchase Program. At the time of its expiration, approximately $590.7 million remained available under the Share Repurchase Program.

Revenue Recognition

Gain on sale of loans, net — includes all components related to the origination and sale of mortgage loans, including (1) net gain on sale of loans, which represents the premium we receive in excess of the loan principal amount and certain fees charged by investors upon sale of loans into the secondary market, (2) loan origination fees (credits), points and certain costs, (3) provision for or benefit from investor reserves, (4) the change in fair value of interest rate locks and loans held for sale, (5) the gain or loss on forward commitments hedging loans held for sale and interest rate lock commitments (IRLCs) and (6) the fair value of originated MSRs. An estimate of the Gain on sale of loans, net is recognized at the time an IRLC is issued, net of a pull-through factor. Subsequent changes in the fair value of IRLCs and mortgage loans held for sale are recognized in current period earnings. When the mortgage loan is sold into the secondary market, any difference between the proceeds received and the current fair value of the loan is recognized in current period earnings in Gain on sale of loans, net. Fair value of originated MSRs represents the estimated fair value of MSRs related to loans which we have sold and retained the right to service.
Loan servicing income, net — includes income from servicing, sub-servicing and ancillary fees and is recorded to income as earned, which is upon collection of payments from borrowers. This amount also includes the Change in fair value of MSRs, which is the adjustment for the fair value measurement of the MSR asset as of the respective balance sheet date. Refer to Note 3, Mortgage Servicing Rights for information related to the gain/(loss) on changes in the fair value of MSRs.

Interest income, net — includes interest earned on mortgage loans held for sale and mortgage loans held for investment net of the interest expense paid on our loan funding facilities. Interest income is recorded as earned and interest expense is recorded as incurred. Interest income is accrued and credited to income daily based on the unpaid principal balance (“UPB”) outstanding. The accrual of interest income is generally discontinued when a loan becomes 90 days past due.

Other incomeincludes revenues generated from Deposit income related to revenue earned on deposits, including escrow deposits, Rocket Close (title, closing and appraisal fees), Rocket Money (subscription revenue and other service-based fees), Rocket Homes (real estate network referral fees) and Rocket Loans (personal loan interest earned and other income) and Other (additional subsidiary and miscellaneous revenue).

The following significant revenue streams fall within the scope of ASC Topic 606 — Revenue from Contracts with Customers and are disaggregated hereunder. The remaining revenue streams within the scope of ASC 606 are immaterial, both individually and in aggregate.
    
Rocket Money subscription revenue — The Company recognizes subscription revenue ratably over the contract term beginning on the commencement date of each contract. We have determined that subscriptions represent a stand-ready obligation to perform over the subscription term. These performance obligations are satisfied over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits. Contracts are one month to one year in length. Subscription revenues were $266,938, $178,769 and $118,344 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 respectively.

Rocket Close closing fees — The Company recognizes closing fees for non-recurring services provided in connection with the origination of the loan. These fees are recognized at the time of loan closing for purchase transactions or at the end of a client's three-day rescission period for refinance transactions, which represents the point in time the loan closing services performance obligation is satisfied. The consideration received for closing services is a fixed fee per loan that varies by state and loan type. Closing fees were $106,450, $77,901 and $157,853 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Rocket Close appraisal revenue — The Company recognizes appraisal revenue when the appraisal service is completed. The Company may choose to deliver appraisal services directly to its client or subcontract such services to a third-party licensed and/or certified appraiser. In instances where the Company performs the appraisal, revenue is recognized as the gross amount of consideration received at a fixed price per appraisal. The Company is an agent in instances where a third-party appraiser is involved in the delivery of appraisal services and revenue is recognized net of third-party appraisal expenses. Appraisal revenue was $35,530, $39,909 and $65,082 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Rocket Homes real estate network referral fees — The Company recognizes real estate network referral fee revenue based on arrangements with partner agencies contingent on the closing of a transaction. As this revenue stream is variable and is contingent on the successful transaction close, the revenue is constrained until the occurrence of the transaction. At this point, the constraint on recognizing revenue is deemed to have been lifted and revenue is recognized for the consideration expected to be received. Real estate network referral fees were $53,548, $49,670 and $48,207 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Marketing and Advertising Costs

Marketing and advertising costs for direct and non-direct response advertising are expensed as incurred. The costs of brand marketing and advertising are expensed in the period the advertising space or airtime is used.

The Company incurred marketing and advertising costs related to the naming rights for the Rocket Arena, which is paid to a related party. Refer to Note 7. Transactions with Related Parties for further information.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. We maintain our bank accounts with a relatively small number of high-quality financial institutions.

Restricted cash as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 consisted of cash on deposit for a repurchase facility, client application deposits, title premiums collected from the insured that are due to the underwriter, and principal and interest received in collection accounts for purchased assets. In 2022, the Company also had a $25,000 bond, which was redeemed as of December 31, 2023.
December 31,
202420232022
Cash and cash equivalents$1,272,853 $1,108,466 $722,293 
Restricted cash16,468 28,366 66,806 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the statement of cash flows
$1,289,321 $1,136,832 $789,099 

Mortgage Loans Held for Sale

The Company has elected the fair value option for accounting for mortgage loans held for sale.

Included in mortgage loans held for sale are loans originated as held for sale that are expected to be sold into the secondary market and loans that have been previously sold and repurchased from investors that management intends to resell into the secondary market. Refer to Note 4, Mortgage Loans Held for Sale, for further information.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company enters into interest rate lock commitments, forward commitments to sell and purchase mortgage loans, which are considered derivative financial instruments. These items are accounted for as free-standing derivatives and are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. The Company treats all of its derivative instruments as economic hedges; therefore, none of its derivative instruments are designated as accounting hedges.

The Company enters into IRLCs to fund residential mortgage loans with its potential borrowers. These commitments are binding agreements to lend funds to these potential borrowers at specified interest rates within specified periods of time. The fair value of IRLCs is derived from the fair value of similar mortgage loans or bonds, which is based on observable market data. Changes to the fair value of IRLCs are recognized based on changes in interest rates, changes in the probability that the commitment will be exercised and the passage of time. The expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan and direct costs to close the loan are included in the fair value measurement of rate locks.

IRLCs and uncommitted mortgage loans held for sale expose the Company to the risk that the value of the mortgage loans held and mortgage loans underlying the commitments may decline due to increases in mortgage interest rates during the life of the commitments. To protect against this risk, the Company uses forward loan sale commitments to economically hedge the risk of potential changes in the value of the loans. These derivative instruments are recorded at fair value. The Company expects that the changes in fair value of these derivative financial instruments will either fully or partially offset the changes in fair value of the IRLCs and uncommitted mortgage loans held for sale. The changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recorded in Gain on sale of loans, net and Salaries, commissions and team member benefits in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

MSR assets (including the MSR value associated with outstanding IRLCs) that the Company plans to sell expose the Company to the risk that the value of the MSR asset may decline due to decreases in mortgage interest rates prior to the sale of these assets. To protect against this risk, the Company uses forward loan purchase commitments to economically hedge the risk of potential changes in the value of MSR assets that have been identified for sale. These derivative instruments are recorded at fair value. The Company expects that the changes in fair value of these derivative financial instruments will either fully or partially offset the changes in fair value of the MSR assets the Company intends to sell. The changes in fair value of these derivatives are recorded in the Change in fair value of MSRs in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Forward commitments include To-Be-Announced (“TBA”) mortgage-backed securities that have been aggregated at the counterparty level for presentation and disclosure purposes. Counterparty agreements contain a legal right to offset amounts due to and from the same counterparty under legally enforceable master netting agreements to settle with the same counterparty, on a net basis, as well as the right to obtain cash collateral. Forward commitments also include commitments to sell loans to counterparties and to purchase loans from counterparties at determined prices. The changes in fair value of these derivatives are recorded in gain on sale of loans, net and the change in fair value of MSRs. In addition, the cash flows are included within the Gain on sale of loans excluding fair value of MSRs, net and Change in fair value of MSRs, net in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Refer to Note 13, Derivative Financial Instruments for further information.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

Mortgage servicing rights are recognized as assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets when loans are sold and the associated servicing rights are retained. The Company maintains one class of MSR asset and has elected the fair value option. These MSRs are recorded at fair value, which is determined using an internal valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing fee income. The model includes estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rate, cost to service, float earnings and contractual servicing fee income, among others. These estimates are supported by market and economic data collected from various outside sources. Refer to Note 3, Mortgage Servicing Rights for further information.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation of property and equipment is generally computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful lives or the remaining lease terms. Depreciation is not recorded on projects-in-process until the project is complete and the associated assets are placed into service or are ready for the intended use. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts; any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to operations. Costs of maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Refer to Note 5, Property and Equipment for further information.

Intangible Assets

Definite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of customer relationships and technology acquired through business combinations and are recorded at their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition. These assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives and are tested for impairment only if events or circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired.

Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of licenses to perform title insurance services acquired through business combinations and are recorded at their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition. The Company tests indefinite-lived intangible assets consistent with the policy described below for goodwill.

Goodwill

Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations. The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently when indications of potential impairment exist. The Company monitors the existence of potential impairment indicators throughout the fiscal year. Goodwill impairment testing is performed at the reporting unit level. The Company may elect to perform either a qualitative test or a quantitative test to determine if it is more likely than not that the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. Fair value reflects the price a market participant would be willing to pay in a potential sale of the reporting unit. If the estimated fair value exceeds carrying value, then we conclude the goodwill is not impaired. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, the Company recognizes an impairment loss in an amount equal to the excess, not to exceed the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. Refer to Note 9, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, for further information on the goodwill attributable to the Company’s acquisitions.
Loans subject to repurchase right from Ginnie Mae

For certain loans sold to Ginnie Mae, the Company as the servicer has the unilateral right to repurchase any individual loan in a Ginnie Mae securitization pool if that loan meets defined criteria, including being delinquent more than 90 days. Once the Company has the unilateral right to repurchase the delinquent loan, the Company has effectively regained control over the loan and must re-recognize the loan on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and establish a corresponding liability regardless of the Company's intention to repurchase the loan. The asset and corresponding liability are recorded at the unpaid principal balance of the loan, which approximates its fair value.

Non-controlling interests

We are the sole managing member of Holdings and consolidate the financial results of Holdings. Therefore, we report a non-controlling interest based on the Holdings Units of Holdings held by Dan Gilbert, our founder and Chairman (our “Chairman”) and RHI (the “non-controlling interest holders”) on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Income or loss is attributed to the non-controlling interests based on the weighted average Holdings Units outstanding during the period and is presented on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Refer to Note 17, Non-controlling Interest for more information.

Share-based Compensation

Equity-based awards are issued under the Rocket Companies, Inc. 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan including restricted stock units, performance stock units and stock options. Share-based compensation expense is recorded as a component of Salaries, commissions and team member benefits. Share-based compensation expense is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period based on the fair value of the award on the date of grant, refer to Note 18, Share-based Compensation for additional information.

Income taxes

Our income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits reflect management’s best assessment of estimated current and future taxes to be paid. We are subject to income taxes predominantly in the United States and Canada. These tax laws are often complex and may be subject to different interpretations.

Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amount and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. In evaluating our ability to recover our deferred tax assets within the jurisdiction from which they arise, we consider all available positive and negative evidence. If based upon all available positive and negative evidence, it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is established. The valuation allowance may be reversed in a subsequent reporting period if the Company determines that it is more likely than not that all or part of the deferred tax asset will become realizable.

Our interpretations of tax laws are subject to review and examination by various taxing authorities and jurisdictions where the Company operates and disputes may occur regarding its view on a tax position. These disputes over interpretations with the various tax authorities may be settled by audit, administrative appeals or adjudication in the court systems of the tax jurisdictions in which the Company operates. We regularly review whether we may be assessed additional income taxes as a result of the resolution of these matters and the Company records additional reserves as appropriate. In addition, the Company may revise its estimate of income taxes due to changes in income tax laws, legal interpretations and business strategies. We recognize the financial statement effects of uncertain income tax positions when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. We record interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions in income tax expense. For additional information regarding our provision for income taxes refer to Note 12, Income Taxes.
Tax Receivable Agreement

The Company has a Tax Receivable Agreement with RHI and our Chairman (“LLC Members”) that will obligate the Company to make payments to the LLC Members generally equal to 90% of the applicable cash tax savings that the Company actually realizes or in some cases is deemed to realize as a result of the tax attributes generated by (i) certain increases in our allocable share of the tax basis in Holdings’ assets resulting from (a) the purchases of Holdings Units (along with the corresponding shares of our Class D common stock or Class C common stock) from the LLC Members (or their transferees of Holdings Units or other assignees) using the net proceeds from our initial public offering or in any future offering, (b) exchanges by the LLC Members (or their transferees of Holdings Units or other assignees) of Holdings Units (along with the corresponding shares of our Class D common stock or Class C common stock) for cash or shares of our Class B common stock or Class A common stock, as applicable, or (c) payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement; (ii) tax benefits related to imputed interest deemed arising as a result of payments made under the Tax Receivable Agreement and (iii) disproportionate allocations (if any) of tax benefits to Holdings as a result of section 704(c) of the Code that relate to the reorganization transactions. The Company will retain the benefit of the remaining 10% of these tax savings. For additional information regarding our Tax Receivable Agreement, refer to Note 12, Income Taxes.

The Company recognized a liability for the Tax Receivable Agreement based upon the estimate of future TRA payments. The amounts payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the amount, character and timing of the taxable income of Rocket Companies in the future. Any such changes in these factors or changes in the Company’s determination of the need for a valuation allowance related to the tax benefits acquired under the Tax Receivable Agreement could adjust the Tax receivable agreement liability recognized and recorded within earnings in future periods.

Variable Interest Entities

Rocket Companies, Inc. is the managing member of Holdings with 100% of the management and voting power in Holdings. In its capacity as managing member, Rocket Companies, Inc. has the sole authority to make decisions on behalf of Holdings and bind Holdings to signed agreements. Further, Holdings maintains separate capital accounts for its investors as a mechanism for tracking earnings and subsequent distribution rights. Accordingly, management concluded that Holdings is a limited partnership or similar legal entity as contemplated in ASC 810, Consolidation.

Management concluded that Rocket Companies, Inc. is Holdings’ primary beneficiary. As the primary beneficiary, Rocket Companies, Inc. consolidates Holdings' financial position and results of operations for financial reporting purposes under the variable interest consolidation model guidance in ASC 810, Consolidation.

Rocket Companies, Inc.’s relationship with Holdings results in no recourse to the general credit of Rocket Companies, Inc. Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries represents Rocket Companies, Inc.’s sole investment. Rocket Companies, Inc. shares in the income and losses of Holdings in direct proportion to Rocket Companies, Inc.'s ownership percentage. Rocket Companies, Inc. has no contractual requirement to provide financial support to Holdings.

Rocket Companies, Inc.’s financial position, performance and cash flows effectively represent those of Holdings and its subsidiaries as of and for the period ended December 31, 2024.

Consolidation of the Collateralized Financing Entity

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company transferred financial assets to a trust for which the Company holds a variable interest. Management concluded the Company has power to direct activities impacting the trust’s economic performance and has an economic interest in the entity that could result in benefits or losses, therefore is the primary beneficiary of the trust. As the primary beneficiary, the Company consolidates the trust's financial position and results of operations for financial reporting purposes under the variable interest consolidation model guidance in ASC 810, Consolidation. The Company has elected to account for the assets and liabilities of the VIE as a collateralized financing entity (“CFE”). A CFE is a VIE that holds financial assets, issues beneficial interests in those assets and has no more than nominal equity. The related assets are not available for general use by the Company and creditors have no recourse to the Company for the related liabilities.
Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

The Company applies the two-class method for calculating and presenting earnings per share by separately presenting earnings per share for Class A common stock and Class B common stock. In applying the two-class method, the Company allocates undistributed earnings equally on a per share basis between Class A and Class B common stock. According to the Company’s certificate of incorporation, the holders of the Class A and Class B common stock are entitled to participate in earnings equally on a per-share basis, as if all shares of common stock were of a single class and in dividends as may be declared by the board of directors. Holders of the Class A and Class B common stock also have equal priority in liquidation. Shares of Class C and Class D common stock do not participate in earnings of Rocket Companies, Inc. As a result, the shares of Class C and Class D common stock are not considered participating securities and are not included in the weighted-average shares outstanding for purposes of earnings per share. Restricted stock units and performance stock units awarded as part of the Company’s compensation program, described in Note 18, Share-based Compensation are included in the weighted-average Class A shares outstanding in the calculation of basic earnings per share once the units are fully vested. Refer to Note 19, Earnings Per Share for more information.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-01: Leases (Topic 842) – Common Control Arrangements. The new guidance requires all lessees in a lease with a lessor under common control to amortize leasehold improvements over the useful life of the common control group and provides new guidance for recognizing a transfer of assets between entities under common control as an adjustment to equity when the lessee no longer controls the use of the underlying asset. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. There was no impact to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures upon adoption in January of 2024.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07: Segment Reporting (Topic 280) – Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The new guidance requires additional disclosures around significant segment expenses and the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted the update in 2024 on a retrospective basis, resulting in expanded disclosures around the significant segment expenses and the CODM's assessment of performance in Note 16, Segments.

Accounting Standards Issued but Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09: Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The new guidance requires additional disclosures relating to the tax rate reconciliation and the income taxes paid information. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is in the process of evaluating the requirements of the update, which is expected to result in expanded disclosures upon adoption.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03: Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosure (Subtopic 220-40) – Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The new guidance requires companies to disclose information about specific expenses at each interim and annual reporting period. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is in the process of evaluating the requirements of the update, which may result in expanded disclosures upon adoption.
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is the price that would be received if an asset were sold or the price that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between willing market participants at the measurement date. Required disclosures include classification of fair value measurements within a three-level hierarchy (Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3). Classification of a fair value measurement within the hierarchy is dependent on the classification and significance of the inputs used to determine the fair value measurement. Observable inputs are those that are observed, implied from, or corroborated with externally available market information. Unobservable inputs represent the Company’s estimates of market participants’ assumptions.
Fair value measurements are classified in the following manner:

Level 1—Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2—Valuation is based on either observable prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets, observable prices for similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are derived directly from, or through correlation to, observable market data at the measurement date.

Level 3—Valuation is based on the Company’s internal models using assumptions at the measurement date that a market participant would use.

In determining fair value measurement, the Company uses observable inputs whenever possible. The level of a fair value measurement within the hierarchy is dependent on the lowest level of input that has a significant impact on the measurement as a whole. If quoted market prices are available at the measurement date or are available for similar instruments, such prices are used in the measurements. If observable market data is not available at the measurement date, judgment is required to measure fair value.

The following is a description of measurement techniques for items recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. There were no material items recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

Mortgage loans held for sale: Loans held for sale that trade in active secondary markets are valued using Level 2 measurements derived from observable market data, including: (i) securities backed by similar mortgage loans, adjusted for certain factors to approximate the fair value of a whole mortgage loan, including the value attributable to mortgage servicing and credit risk, and (ii) recent observable market trades from similar loans, adjusted for credit risk and other individual loan characteristics. Loans held for sale for which there is little to no observable trading activity of similar instruments are valued using Level 3 measurements based upon internal models using assumptions at the measurement date that a market participant would use.

IRLCs: The fair value of IRLCs is based on current market prices of securities backed by similar mortgage loans (as determined above under mortgage loans held for sale), net of costs to close the loans, subject to the estimated loan funding probability, or “pull-through factor”. Given the significant and unobservable nature of the pull-through factor, IRLCs are classified as Level 3.

MSRs: The fair value of MSRs is determined using an internal valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated net future cash flows. The model includes estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rate, cost to service, float earnings and contractual servicing fee income, among others. MSRs are classified as Level 3.

Forward commitments: The Company’s forward commitments are valued based on quoted prices for similar assets in an active market with inputs that are observable and are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

Investment securities: Investment securities are trading debt securities that are recorded at fair value using observable market prices for similar securities or identical securities that are traded in less active markets, which are classified as Level 2 and include highly rated municipal, government and corporate bonds.

Non-mortgage loans held for sale: Non-mortgage loans held for sale are personal loans. The fair value of non-mortgage loans is determined using an internal valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated net future cash flows. Non-mortgage loans are classified as Level 3.

Assets and Liabilities of the consolidated CFE: Assets and liabilities represent non-mortgage loans and investment debt certificates at the consolidated CFE, respectively. The Company has elected the fair value option and to measure both the assets and liabilities of the consolidated CFE using the more observable of the fair value of the financial assets or the fair value of the financial liabilities. The Company determined inputs to the fair value measurement of the financial assets to be more observable. The fair value of the assets and liabilities of the consolidated CFE are determined using an internal valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated net future cash flows and are classified as Level 3. The net equity in the consolidated CFE represents the fair value of the Company’s beneficial interest in the entity.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The table below shows a summary of financial statement items that are measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis, including assets measured under the fair value option. There were no material transfers of assets or liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis between Levels 1, 2 or 3 during the years ended December 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Balance at December 31, 2024
Assets:
Mortgage loans held for sale (1)
$ $8,778,087 $242,089 $9,020,176 
IRLCs  103,101 103,101 
MSRs  7,633,371 7,633,371 
Forward commitments 89,332  89,332 
Investment securities (2)
 40,841  40,841 
Non-mortgage loans held for sale (2)
  261,702 261,702 
Assets of the consolidated CFE (3)
  112,238 112,238 
Total assets$ $8,908,260 $8,352,501 $17,260,761 
Liabilities:
Forward commitments$ $11,209 $ $11,209 
Liabilities of the consolidated CFE (3)
  92,650 92,650 
Total liabilities$ $11,209 $92,650 $103,859 
Balance at December 31, 2023
Assets:
Mortgage loans held for sale (1)
$— $6,103,714 $438,518 $6,542,232 
IRLCs— — 132,870 132,870 
MSRs— — 6,439,787 6,439,787 
Forward commitments— 26,614 — 26,614 
Investment securities (2)
— 39,518 — 39,518 
Non-mortgage loans held for sale (2)
— — 163,018 163,018 
Total assets$— $6,169,846 $7,174,193 $13,344,039 
Liabilities:
Forward commitments$— $142,988 $— $142,988 
Total liabilities$— $142,988 $— $142,988 

(1)    As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $114.5 million and $195.6 million of unpaid principal balance of the level 3 mortgage loans held for sale were 90 days or more delinquent and were considered in non-accrual status. The fair value of these level 3 mortgage loans held for sale was $99.7 million and $166.1 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

(2)    Included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3)    Asset and Liabilities of the consolidated CFE are included in Other assets and Other liabilities, respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. These financial instruments transferred into Level 3 during the year ended December 31, 2024.
The following tables present the quantitative information about material recurring Level 3 fair value financial instruments and the fair value measurements as of:
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Unobservable InputRangeWeighted AverageRangeWeighted Average
Mortgage loans held for sale
Model pricing
69% - 104%
89 %
68% - 100%
87%
IRLCs
Pull-through probability
0% - 100%
73 %
0% - 100%
72%
MSRs
Discount rate
9.5% - 12.5%
9.9 %
9.5% - 12.5%
9.9%
Conditional prepayment rate
6.7% - 21.8%
7.6 %
6.6% - 37.0%
7.5%
Non-mortgage loans held for sale
Discount rate
0% - 9.3%
7.6 %
8.5% - 9.3%
8.6%
Assets and Liabilities of the consolidated CFE
Discount rate
8.0% - 8.0%
8.0 %
N/A
N/A

The table below presents a reconciliation of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Mortgage servicing rights are also classified as a Level 3 asset measured at fair value on a recurring basis and its reconciliation is found in Note 3, Mortgage Servicing Rights.

Mortgage
Loans
Held for Sale
IRLCs
Non-Mortgage Loans
Held for Sale
Assets of the consolidated CFE
Liabilities of the consolidated CFE
Balance at December 31, 2023
$438,518 $132,870 $163,018 $ $ 
Transfers in (1)
418,274  280,655 128,314 107,456 
Transfers out/principal reductions (1)
(605,132) (169,835)(15,835)(14,806)
Net transfers and revaluation losses
 (29,769)   
Total losses included in net income (loss) for assets held at the end of the reporting date
(9,571) (12,136)(241) 
Balance at December 31, 2024
$242,089 $103,101 $261,702 $112,238 $92,650 
Balance at December 31, 2022
$1,082,730 $90,635 $— $— $— 
Transfers in (1)
714,213 — 168,573 — — 
Transfers out/principal reductions (1)
(1,274,893)— — — — 
Net transfers and revaluation gains
— 42,235 — — — 
Total losses included in net income (loss) for assets held at the end of the reporting date
(83,532)— (5,555)— — 
Balance at December 31, 2023
$438,518 $132,870 $163,018 $— $— 

(1)    Transfers in represent loans repurchased from investors or loans originated for which an active market currently does not exist. Transfers out primarily represent loans sold or transferred to third parties and loans paid in full.
Investment Securities

Investment securities consist of debt securities that are classified as trading securities. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company transferred these investments from available for sale classification to the trading securities classification. The trading classification reflects the more active buying and selling of these investment securities. As a result of the transfer of classification, the Company recognized $1,589 of unrealized losses to Net Income on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss) from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) within Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity. The Company used the specific identification as the basis of recording trades of investment securities. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company had $191 of realized losses recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss). As of December 31, 2024 there was $566 of unrealized losses on trading securities held.

Fair Value Option

The following is the estimated fair value and UPB of mortgage and non-mortgage loans held for sale that have contractual principal amounts and for which the Company has elected the fair value option. The fair value option was elected for mortgage and non-mortgage loans held for sale as the Company believes fair value best reflects their expected future economic performance:
Fair ValuePrincipal Amount Due Upon Maturity
Difference (1)
Balance at December 31, 2024
Mortgage loans held for sale$9,020,176 $8,889,199 $130,977 
Non-mortgage loans held for sale$261,702 $268,877 $(7,175)
Balance at December 31, 2023
Mortgage loans held for sale$6,542,232 $6,418,082 $124,150 
Non-mortgage loans held for sale$163,018 $168,573 $(5,555)

(1)    Represents the amount of gains (losses) included in Gain on sale of loans, net for Mortgage loans held for sale and Other income for Non-mortgage loans held for sale on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss), due to changes in fair value of items accounted for using the fair value option.

Disclosures of the fair value of certain financial instruments are required when it is practical to estimate the value. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques.

The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair value of financial liabilities that are not recorded at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. This table excludes Cash and cash equivalents, Restricted cash, Loans subject to repurchase right from Ginnie Mae, Funding facilities and Other financing facilities as these financial instruments are highly liquid or short-term in nature and as a result, their carrying amounts approximate fair value:

December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Carrying AmountEstimated Fair ValueCarrying AmountEstimated Fair Value
Senior Notes, due 10/15/2026$1,146,001 $1,091,385 $1,143,716 $1,064,520 
Senior Notes, due 1/15/202861,596 58,912 61,463 60,469 
Senior Notes, due 3/1/2029745,823 680,295 744,819 679,455 
Senior Notes, due 3/1/20311,241,663 1,093,100 1,240,311 1,105,088 
Senior Notes, due 10/15/2033843,843 708,195 843,139 725,458 
Total Senior Notes, net$4,038,926 $3,631,887 $4,033,448 $3,634,990 
The fair value of Senior Notes was calculated using the observable bond price at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Senior Notes are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Servicing Rights
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]  
Mortgage Servicing Rights Mortgage Servicing Rights
The following table summarizes changes to the MSR assets:
Year Ended December 31,
20242023
Fair value, beginning of period$6,439,787 $6,946,940 
MSRs originated1,330,216 1,092,332 
MSRs sales(305,212)(1,016,745)
MSRs purchases760,174 103,115 
Changes in fair value (1):
Due to changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions210,881 44,971 
Due to collection/realization of cash flows(802,475)(730,826)
Total changes in fair value(591,594)(685,855)
Fair value, end of period$7,633,371 $6,439,787 

(1)    Reflects changes in market interest rates and assumptions, including discount rates and prepayment speeds, and the gains or losses on sales of MSRs during the period. It does not include the change in fair value of derivatives that economically hedge MSRs identified for sale or the effects of contractual prepayment protection resulting from sales or purchases of MSRs.

The Company retains the right to service a majority of these loans upon sale through ownership of servicing rights. The total UPB of mortgage loans serviced, excluding subserviced loans, at December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $525,517,829 and $468,237,971, respectively. The portfolio primarily consists of high-quality performing agency and government (FHA and VA) loans. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, delinquent loans (defined as 60-plus days past-due) were 1.54% and 1.23%, respectively, of our total portfolio. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company sold excess servicing cash flows on certain agency loans for total proceeds of $383,694. During the year ended December 31, 2024, no excess servicing was sold.
The following is a summary of the weighted average discount rate and prepayment speed assumptions used to determine the fair value of MSRs as well as the expected life of the loans in the servicing portfolio:

December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Discount rate9.9 %9.9 %
Prepayment speeds7.6 %7.5 %
Life (in years)7.827.83

The key assumptions used to estimate the fair value of MSRs are prepayment speeds and the discount rate. Increases in prepayment speeds generally have an adverse effect on the value of MSRs as the underlying loans prepay faster. In a declining interest rate environment, the fair value of MSRs generally decreases as prepayments increase and therefore, the estimated life of the MSRs and related cash flows decrease. Decreases in prepayment speeds generally have a positive effect on the value of MSRs as the underlying loans prepay less frequently. In a rising interest rate environment, the fair value of MSRs generally increases as prepayments decrease and therefore, the estimated life of the MSRs and related cash flows increase. Increases in the discount rate result in a lower MSRs value and decreases in the discount rate result in a higher MSRs value. MSRs uncertainties are hypothetical and do not always have a direct correlation with each assumption. Changes in one assumption may result in changes to another assumption, which might magnify or counteract the uncertainties.
The following sensitivity analysis shows the potential impact on the fair value of the Company’s MSRs based on hypothetical changes in key assumptions, including the discount rate and prepayment speeds:

Discount RatePrepayment Speeds
100 BPS Adverse Change200 BPS Adverse Change10% Adverse Change20% Adverse Change
December 31, 2024
Mortgage servicing rights
$(332,019)$(636,988)$(202,607)$(416,387)
December 31, 2023
Mortgage servicing rights$(279,493)$(536,573)$(183,254)$(356,871)
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
The Company sells substantially all of its originated mortgage loans into the secondary market. Mortgage loans held for sale are loans originated that are expected to be sold into the secondary market. Below is a roll forward of the activity in mortgage loans held for sale:

Year Ended December 31,
20242023
Balance at the beginning of period$6,542,232 $7,343,475 
Disbursements of mortgage loans held for sale100,480,868 78,280,730 
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held for sale(99,491,927)(80,188,850)
Gain on sale of mortgage loans excluding fair value of other financial instruments, net (1)
1,489,003 1,106,877 
Balance at the end of period
$9,020,176 $6,542,232 

(1)    The Gain on sale of loans excluding fair value of MSRs, net on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows includes income related to interest rate lock commitments, forward commitments and provision for investor reserves.

Credit Risk

The Company is subject to credit risk associated with mortgage loans that it purchases and originates during the period of time prior to the sale of these loans. The Company considers credit risk associated with these loans to be minimal as it holds the loans for a short period of time, which for the year ended December 31, 2024 is generally less than 45 days from the date of borrowing and the market for these loans continues to be highly liquid. The Company is also subject to credit risk associated with mortgage loans it has repurchased as a result of breaches of representations and warranties during the period of time between repurchase and resale.
v3.25.0.1
Property and Equipment
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Property and Equipment Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are depreciated over lives primarily ranging from 3 to 7 years for office furniture, equipment, computer software and leasehold improvements. Property and equipment consist of the following:
December 31,
20242023
Office furniture, equipment and technology
$297,583 $294,754 
Leasehold improvements264,583 261,304 
Internally-developed software252,676 201,842 
Projects-in-process19,258 29,152 
Total cost$834,100 $787,052 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(620,252)(536,196)
Total property and equipment, net$213,848 $250,856 
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Borrowings Borrowings
The Company maintains various funding facilities, financing facilities and unsecured senior notes, as shown in the tables below. Interest rates typically have two main components; a base rate - most commonly SOFR, which is sometimes subject to a minimum floor - plus a spread. Some funding facilities have a commitment fee, which can be up to 50 basis points per year. The commitment fee charged by lenders is calculated based on the committed line amount multiplied by a negotiated rate. The Company is required to maintain certain covenants, including minimum tangible net worth, minimum liquidity, maximum total debt or liabilities to net worth ratio, pretax net income requirements and other customary debt covenants, as defined in the agreements. The Company was in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

The amount owed and outstanding on the Company’s mortgage loan funding facilities fluctuates based on its origination volume, the amount of time it takes the Company to sell the loans it originates and the Company’s ability to use its cash to self-fund loans. In addition to self-funding, the Company may use surplus cash to “buy-down” the effective interest rate of certain mortgage loan funding facilities or to self-fund a portion of our loan originations. Buy-down funds are included in Cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We have the ability to withdraw these funds at any time, unless a margin call has been made or a default has occurred under the relevant facilities. We will also deploy cash to self-fund loan originations, a portion of which can be transferred to a mortgage loan funding facility or the early buy out line, provided that such loans meet the eligibility criteria to be placed on such lines. The remaining portion will be funded in normal course over a short period of time, generally less than 45 days.

The terms of the Senior Notes restrict our ability and the ability of our subsidiary guarantors among other things to: (1) merge, consolidate or sell, transfer or lease assets and; (2) create liens on assets.
Funding Facilities
Facility TypeCollateralMaturityLine AmountCommitted Line Amount
Outstanding Balance as of
 December 31, 2024
Outstanding Balance as of
 December 31, 2023
Mortgage Loan Funding:
1) Master Repurchase Agreement (1)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
11/24/2026$1,000,000 $100,000 $406,484 $397,265 
2) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
8/1/20261,000,000 — 10,853 429,976 
3) Master Repurchase Agreement (2)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
10/27/20251,500,000 250,000 252,133 552,079 
4) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
10/1/20262,500,000 250,000 601,904 547,016 
5) Master Repurchase Agreement (3)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
12/10/20261,500,000 250,000 106,686 106,063 
6) Master Repurchase Agreement (4)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
N/AN/AN/A 241,574 
7) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
10/2/2026800,000 100,000 764,342 507,302 
8) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
12/23/20261,500,000 100,000 1,400,097 — 
9) Master Repurchase Agreement (5)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
5/29/20262,000,000 250,000 1,015,035 — 
10) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
6/12/2026750,000 — 730,410 — 
11) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
10/2/20261,000,000 200,000 566,905 — 
$13,550,000 $1,500,000 $5,854,849 $2,781,275 
Mortgage Loan Early Funding:
12) Early Funding Facility (6)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
(6)
$5,000,000 — $402,462 $286,594 
13) Early Funding Facility (7)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
(7)
2,000,000 — 290,475 183,414 
$7,000,000 $— $692,937 $470,008 
Total Mortgage Funding Facilities$20,550,000 $1,500,000 $6,547,786 $3,251,283 
Personal Loan Funding:
14) Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (8)(11)
Personal loans held for sale
1/30/2025$175,000 $175,000 $160,400 $116,100 
15) Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (9)
Personal loans held for sale
N/AN/AN/AN/AN/A
Total Funding Facilities$20,725,000 $1,675,000 $6,708,186 $3,367,383 

(1)    This facility also includes a $150,000 sublimit for early buy out financing; capacity is fully fungible and is not restricted by these allocations.
(2)    This facility has a 12-month initial term, which can be extended for 3-months at each subsequent 3-month anniversary from the initial start date. Subsequent to December 31, 2024 this facility was extended to January 26, 2026.

(3)    This facility includes a $1,500,000 sublimit for MSR financing. Capacity is fully fungible and is not restricted by these allocations.

(4)    This facility was voluntarily paid off and terminated in August 2024.

(5)    This facility is a sublimit of Early Buyout Financing Facility 6, found below in Financing Facilities. Refer to Subfootnote 3, Financing Facilities for additional details regarding this facility.

(6)    This facility is an evergreen agreement with no stated termination or expiration date. This agreement can be terminated by either party upon written notice.

(7)    This facility will be reviewed every 90 days. This facility is an evergreen agreement with no stated termination or expiration date. This agreement can be terminated by either party upon written notice.

(8)    Subsequent to December 31, 2024, this facility entered into its amortization period with a final maturity date of July 17, 2025.

(9)    Subsequent to December 31, 2024, a new facility was closed. The new facility has an overall line size of $150,000, is fully committed, and has a maturity date of August 19, 2027.

(10)    The Company has multiple borrowing facilities in the form of asset sales under agreements to repurchase. These borrowing facilities are secured by mortgage loans held for sale at fair value as the first priority security interest.

(11)    The interest rates charged by lenders of the funding facilities included the applicable base rate plus a spread ranging from 1.00% to 1.80%, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.    

Financing Facilities
Facility TypeCollateralMaturityLine AmountCommitted Line Amount
Outstanding Balance as of December 31, 2024
Outstanding Balance as of December 31, 2023
Line of Credit Financing Facilities
1) Unsecured line of credit (1)
7/27/2025$2,000,000 $— $ $— 
2) Unsecured line of credit (1)
7/31/2025100,000 —  — 
3) Revolving credit facility (5)
7/2/20271,150,000 1,150,000  — 
4) MSR line of credit (5)
MSRs11/7/2025500,000 —  — 
5) MSR line of credit (2)(5)
MSRs12/10/20261,500,000 250,000  — 
$5,250,000 $1,400,000 $ $— 
Early Buyout Financing Facility
6) Early buy out facility (3)(5)
Loans/ Advances5/29/2026$2,000,000 $250,000 $92,949 $203,208 
7) Early buy out facility (4)(5)
Loans/ Advances11/24/2026150,000 100,000  — 
$2,150,000 $350,000 $92,949 $203,208 

(1)    Refer to Note 7, Transactions with Related Parties for additional details regarding this unsecured line of credit.

(2)    This facility is a sublimit of Master Repurchase Agreement 5, found above in Funding Facilities. Refer to subfootnote 3, Funding Facilities for additional details regarding this financing facility.
(3)    This facility includes a $2,000,000 sublimit for newly originated mortgage loans held for sale. Capacity is fully fungible and not restricted by these allocations.

(4)    This facility is a sublimit of Master Repurchase Agreement 1, found above in Funding Facilities. Refer to subfootnote 1, Funding Facilities for additional details regarding this financing facility.

(5)    The interest rates charged by lenders on the other funding facilities included the applicable base rate, plus a spread ranging from 1.45% to 3.25% for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 1.45% to 4.00% for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Unsecured Senior Notes
Facility TypeMaturityInterest Rate
Outstanding Principal as of December 31, 2024
Outstanding Principal as of December 31, 2023
Unsecured Senior Notes (1)
10/15/20262.875 %$1,150,000 $1,150,000 
Unsecured Senior Notes (2)
1/15/20285.250 %61,985 61,985 
Unsecured Senior Notes (3)
3/1/20293.625 %750,000 750,000 
Unsecured Senior Notes (4)
3/1/20313.875 %1,250,000 1,250,000 
Unsecured Senior Notes (5)
10/15/20334.000 %850,000 850,000 
Total Senior Notes
$4,061,985 $4,061,985 
Weighted Average Interest Rate3.59 %3.59 %

(1)    The 2026 Senior Notes are unsecured obligation notes with no requirement to pledge collateral for this borrowing. Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts are presented net against the Senior Notes reducing the $1,150,000 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $3,999 and $6,284, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. At any time on or after October 15, 2023, the Company may redeem the note at its option, in whole or in part, upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices set forth below.
YearPercentage
2025 and thereafter100.000 %

(2)    The 2028 Senior Notes are unsecured obligation notes with no requirement to pledge collateral for this borrowing. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we purchased $948,015 of the outstanding principal amount of the 2028 Senior Notes in a Tender Offer and Consent Solicitation. Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts are presented net against the Senior Notes reducing the $61,985 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $212 and $177 as of December 31, 2024, respectively and reducing the $61,985 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $285 and $237, as of December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company may redeem the notes at its option, in whole or in part, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days' notice, at the redemption prices equal to the percentage of principal amount set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to but excluding the redemption date, in cash, if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on January 15 in the years indicated below.
YearPercentage
2025100.875 %
2026 and thereafter100.000 %
(3)    The 2029 Senior Notes are unsecured obligation notes with no requirement to pledge collateral for this borrowing. Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts are presented net against the Senior Notes reducing the $750,000 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $4,177 and $5,181, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. At any time on or after March 1, 2024, the Company may redeem the note at its option, in whole or in part, upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices set forth below.
YearPercentage
2025100.906 %
2026 and thereafter100.000 %

(4)    The 2031 Senior Notes are unsecured obligation notes with no requirement to pledge collateral for this borrowing. Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts are presented net against the Senior Notes reducing the $1,250,000 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $8,337 and $9,689 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Prior to March 1, 2026 the Company may redeem the notes at its option, in whole or in part upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount redeemed, plus a “make whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest. At any time on or after March 1, 2026, the Company may redeem the note at its option, in whole or in part, upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices set forth below.

YearPercentage
2026101.938 %
2027101.292 %
2028100.646 %
2029 and thereafter100.000 %

(5)    The 2033 Senior Notes are unsecured obligation notes with no requirement to pledge collateral for this borrowing. Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts are presented net against the Senior Notes reducing the $850,000 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $6,157 and $6,861, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Prior to October 15, 2027 the Company may redeem the notes at its option, in whole or in part upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount redeemed, plus a “make whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest. At any time on or after October 15, 2027, the Company may redeem the note at its option, in whole or in part, upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices set forth below.
YearPercentage
2027102.000 %
2028101.333 %
2029100.667 %
2030 and thereafter100.000 %

The following table outlines the contractual maturities (by unpaid principal balance) of unsecured senior notes (excluding interest and debt discount) for the years ended.

YearAmount
2025$— 
20261,150,000 
2027— 
202861,985 
2029750,000 
Thereafter2,100,000 
Total$4,061,985 
Refer to Note 2, Fair Value Measurements for information pertaining to the fair value of the Company’s debt as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
v3.25.0.1
Transactions with Related Parties
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Transactions with Related Parties Transactions with Related Parties
The Company has entered into various transactions and agreements with RHI, its subsidiaries, certain other affiliates and related parties (collectively, “Related Parties”). These transactions include providing financing and services as well as obtaining financing and services from these Related Parties.

Financing Arrangements

On June 9, 2017, Rocket Mortgage and RHI entered into an unsecured line of credit, as further amended and restated on September 16, 2021 (“RHI Line of Credit”), pursuant to which Rocket Mortgage has a borrowing capacity of $2,000,000. The RHI Line of Credit matures on July 27, 2025. Borrowings under the line of credit bear interest at a rate per annum of the applicable base rate, plus a spread of 1.25%. The line of credit is uncommitted and RHI has sole discretion over advances. The RHI Line of Credit also contains negative covenants which restrict the ability of the Company to incur debt and create liens on certain assets. It also requires Rocket Mortgage to maintain a quarterly consolidated net income before taxes if adjusted tangible net worth meets certain requirements. The Company did not draw on the RHI Line of Credit during the period and there were no outstanding amounts due as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

RHI and RTIC are parties to a surplus debenture, effective as of December 28, 2015 and as further amended and restated on July 31, 2023 (the “RHI/RTIC Debenture”), pursuant to which RTIC is indebted to RHI for an aggregate principal amount of $21,500. The RHI/RTIC Debenture matures on December 31, 2030. Interest under the RHI/RTIC Debenture accrues at an annual rate of 8%. Principal and interest under the RHI/RTIC Debenture are due and payable quarterly, in each case subject to RTIC achieving a certain amount of surplus and payments of all interest before principal payments begin. Any unpaid amounts of principal and interest shall be due and payable upon the maturity of the RHI/RTIC Debenture. RTIC repaid an aggregate of $3,475 and $1,536 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The total amount of interest accrued under the RHI/RTIC Debenture was $1,725 and $1,720 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The aggregate amount due to RHI was $28,514 and $30,264 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Subsequent to December 31, 2024, the aggregate amount due to RHI was paid in full.

On July 31, 2020, Holdings and RHI entered into an agreement for an uncommitted, unsecured revolving line of credit (“RHI 2nd Line of Credit”), which will provide for financing from RHI to the Company of up to $100,000. The RHI 2nd Line of Credit matures on July 31, 2025. Borrowings under the line of credit will bear interest at a rate per annum of the applicable base rate plus a spread of 1.25%. The negative covenants of the line of credit restrict the ability of the Company to incur debt and create liens on certain assets. The line of credit also contains customary events of default. The Company did not draw on the RHI 2nd Line of Credit during the period and there were no amounts outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

The Notes receivable and due from affiliates was $14,245 and $19,530 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Notes payable and due to affiliates was $31,280 and $31,006 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Services, Products and Other Transactions

We have entered into transactions and agreements to provide certain services to Related Parties. We recognized revenue of $6,117, $8,628 and $12,661 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 respectively for the performance of these services, which was included in Other income on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss). We have also entered into transactions and agreements to purchase certain services, products and other transactions from Related Parties. We incurred expenses of $2,816, $2,413 and $2,757, which are included in Salaries, commissions and team member benefits; $49,685, $52,919 and $97,246, which are included in General and administrative expenses; and $10,764, $11,926 and $11,958, which are included in Marketing and advertising expenses, for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

As further described in Note 18, Share-based Compensation, the Company has allocated compensation costs associated with awards granted by RHI in years prior to the reorganization and IPO. During the year ended December 31, 2022, all RHI restricted stock units and options were cancelled and replaced with cash or a modified award denominated in RKT shares.
The Company has also entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement with RHI and our Chairman as described further in Note 12, Income Taxes. The Company has also guaranteed the debt of a related party as described further in Note 14, Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees.

Lease Transactions with Related Parties

The Company is a party to lease agreements for certain offices, including our headquarters in Detroit, with various affiliates of Bedrock Management Services LLC (“Bedrock”), a related party and other related parties of the Company. The Company incurred expenses related to these arrangements of $74,936, $74,241 and $74,562 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These amounts are included in General and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
v3.25.0.1
Leases
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases
The Company enters into lease arrangements with independent third parties and with related parties. The Company determines whether an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. Leases are classified as either finance or operating at the commencement date of the lease, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

The Company’s operating leases, in which the Company is the lessee, include real estate for our office facilities and a significant portion of operating lease expense is paid to a related party. The Company currently does not have any finance leases. Refer to Note 7, Transactions with Related Parties for information regarding lease transaction expenses with related parties.

For lease arrangements where the Company is the lessee, the Company does not separate non-lease components of a contract from the lease component to which they relate. The Company elected that leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss) and not recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Some leases include options to extend or terminate the lease at the Company’s sole discretion on a lease-by-lease basis and the Company evaluates whether those options are “reasonably certain” of being exercised considering contractual and economic-based factors. The Company used its periodic incremental borrowing rate, based on the information available at commencement date, to determine the present value of future lease payments.

The components of lease expense for the years ended:
December 31,
20242023
Operating Lease Cost:
Fixed lease expense$76,486 $81,172 
Variable lease expense (1)
10,204 10,981 
Total operating lease cost $86,690 $92,153 

(1)    Variable lease payments are expensed in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred. These variable lease costs are payments that vary in amount beyond commencement date, for reasons other than passage of time. The Company’s variable payments mainly include common area maintenance and building utility fees.

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the years ended:
December 31,
20242023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases$84,037 $87,348 

During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the right of use assets are recorded for new and modified operating leases at the time of their commencement was $13,131 and $50,350, respectively.
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases for the year ended:
December 31,
20242023
Operating Leases:
Total lease right-of-use assets$281,770 $347,696 
Total lease liabilities$319,296 $393,882 
Weighted average lease term 5.0 years5.2 years
Weighted average discount rate4.98 %4.23 %

Maturities of lease liabilities for the year ended:

Operating Leases:
2025$75,833 
202681,871 
202776,653 
202859,372 
202930,022 
Thereafter46,116 
Total lease payments$369,867 
Less imputed interest50,571 
Total$319,296 

When applying the requirements of ASC 842, the Company made assumptions about the determination of whether a contract contains a lease and the determination of the discount rate for the lease.

Lessor

While the Company is the sublessor in certain leasing arrangements, the majority of such lease arrangements are intercompany and eliminated in consolidation.
v3.25.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, there was approximately $1.1 billion of goodwill recorded in Goodwill and intangible assets, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The total carrying value by reporting unit was approximately $718.7 million and $417.6 million for Direct to Consumer and All Other, respectively, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. The goodwill is primarily attributable to the acquisition of Rocket Money in 2021.

Goodwill Impairment Test

The Company completed a qualitative impairment assessment of goodwill for each reporting unit as of October 1, 2024. The qualitative assessment did not identify indicators of impairment. The Company concluded that it was more likely than not that each respective reporting unit had a fair value in excess of its carrying value. As such, further impairment assessment was not necessary.

Intangible Assets

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, there was approximately $91.2 million and $100.5 million of intangible assets recorded in Goodwill and intangible assets, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, which primarily consist of customer relationships and developed technology recorded in connection with the acquisition of Rocket Money.
The following table summarizes changes to the carrying value of intangible assets:

December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Definite-lived
intangible assets
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Customer relationships$90,868 $28,532 $62,336 $90,877 $19,623 $71,254 
Developed technology54,507 47,395 7,112 56,213 35,081 21,132 
Other22,024 6,097 15,927 7,038 4,801 2,237 
Total$167,399 $82,024 $85,375 $154,128 $59,505 $94,623 
Indefinite-lived
intangible assets
Title insurance assets$5,850 $ $5,850 $5,850 $— $5,850 
Total intangible assets$173,249 $82,024 $91,225 $159,978 $59,505 $100,473 

Weighted average amortization period for customer relationships, developed technology and other is 10 years, 8 years and 15 years, respectively.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 the aggregate amortization expense for the period was $23,544, $22,460 and $24,744, respectively.

The following table outlines the estimated aggregate amortization expense of intangible assets for the years ended.

YearAmount
2025$13,058 
2026$12,750 
2027$11,836 
2028$11,450 
2029$10,455 
v3.25.0.1
Other Assets
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Other Assets Other Assets
Other assets consist of the following:
December 31,
20242023
Mortgage production related receivables$553,537 $472,330 
Non-mortgage loans held for sale261,702 163,018 
Assets of the consolidated CFE112,238 — 
Prepaid expenses105,031 99,105 
Non-production-related receivables65,236 20,758 
Ginnie Mae buyouts52,204 50,211 
Disbursement funds advanced46,913 59,155 
Investment securities40,841 39,518 
Real estate owned2,786 1,534 
Margin call receivables from counterparties 66,598 
Other89,924 42,795 
Total other assets$1,330,412$1,015,022
v3.25.0.1
Team Member Benefit Plan
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Team Member Benefit Plan Team Member Benefit Plan
The Company maintains a defined contribution 401(k) plan which is sponsored by RHI, covering substantially all full-time and part-time team members of the Company. Team members can make elective contributions to the plan. The Company makes discretionary matching contributions of 50% of team members’ contributions to the plan generally up to an annual maximum of $2.5 per team member. The Company’s contributions to the plan, net of team member forfeitures, for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 amounted to $24,756, $26,837 and $40,664, respectively, and are included in Salaries, commissions and team member benefits in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
Income (loss) before income taxes consists of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
U.S.$689,512 $(380,052)$763,400 
Canada(21,460)(22,845)(21,489)
Total Income (loss) before income taxes
$668,052 $(402,897)$741,911 

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes consists of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Current
U.S. Federal$2,519 $3,286 $4,669 
State and local345 1,268 575 
Canada
8 410 560 
Total current$2,872 $4,964 $5,804 
Deferred
U.S. Federal$7,891 $(8,559)$3,671 
State and local21,649 (9,159)32,659 
Canada(188)(63)(156)
Total deferred$29,352 $(17,781)$36,174 
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes
$32,224 $(12,817)$41,978 

The reconciliation of the U.S. Federal statutory corporate income tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate consists of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
U.S. Federal statutory tax rate21.00 %21.00 %21.00 %
Income/loss attributable to non-controlling interest
(20.26)(12.21)(23.77)
State and local taxes, net of U.S. Federal tax benefit2.70 1.57 3.70 
Valuation allowance1.69 (5.01)3.15 
Nondeductible expenses1.19 (1.90)1.21 
Share-based compensation
(1.81)(0.49)0.48 
Other0.31 0.22 (0.11)
Effective tax rate4.82 %3.18 %5.66 %
For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s effective tax rate varies from the U.S. Federal statutory tax rate due to its organizational structure, state and local taxes inclusive of updates in its state and local deferred tax rate and valuation allowances for deferred tax benefits the Company does not believe are more likely than not to be realized.

Rocket Companies owns a portion of the units of Holdings, which is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes and in most applicable jurisdictions for state and local income tax purposes. The remaining portion of Holdings is owned by the LLC Members. As a partnership, Holdings is not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by Holdings is passed through and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including Rocket Companies, in accordance with the terms of the operating agreement of Holdings (the “Holdings Operating Agreement”). Rocket Companies is a C Corporation and is subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes with respect to its allocable share of any taxable income of Holdings.

Several subsidiaries of Holdings, such as Rocket Mortgage, Rocket Close and other subsidiaries, are single member LLC entities. As single member LLCs of Holdings, all taxable income or loss generated by these subsidiaries passes through and is included in the income or loss of Holdings. A provision for state and local income taxes is required for certain jurisdictions that tax single member LLCs as regarded entities. Other subsidiaries of Holdings, such as Rocket Title Insurance Company, LMB Mortgage Services and others, are treated as C Corporations and separately file and pay taxes apart from Holdings in various jurisdictions including U.S. federal, state, local and Canada.

The Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) was enacted on August 16, 2022. The IRA includes several provisions, one of which was the enactment of the corporate alternative minimum tax, which imposes a minimum tax on the adjusted financial statement income for an ‘applicable corporation’ as defined in the IRA. The corporate alternative minimum tax is effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2022. There has been no material impact on the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2024 from the enactment of the corporate alternative minimum tax.

Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amount and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. The Company’s deferred tax assets (liabilities) arise from the following components of temporary differences and carryforwards:
December 31,
20242023
Investment in partnership$464,276 $484,519 
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards207,004 172,818 
Other deferred tax assets and liabilities, net
(8,704)(20,678)
Valuation allowance(158,197)(102,069)
Net deferred tax assets$504,379 $534,590 

Deferred income taxes are presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets based on their tax jurisdictions as follows:
December 31,
20242023
Deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance$521,824 $550,149 
Deferred tax liability (included in Other liabilities)(17,445)(15,559)
Net deferred tax asset$504,379 $534,590 

As of December 31, 2024, the Company has a deferred tax asset before any valuation allowance of $680,021 and a deferred tax liability of $17,445. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had a deferred tax asset before any valuation allowance of $652,218 and a deferred tax liability of $15,559. The Company's deferred tax asset relates primarily to the difference in the tax and book basis of Rocket Companies’ investment in Holdings. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent it believes these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent results of operations. After considering all those factors, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, management has recorded $158,197 and $102,069 of a valuation allowance for certain deferred tax assets the Company has determined are not more likely than not to be realized.
Changes in the deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance for the investment in partnership recorded against Additional Paid-in Capital that occurred during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are included within Change in controlling interest of investment, net in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity.

Of the $207,004 deferred tax assets related to the net operating loss and credit carryforwards at December 31, 2024, $47,977 will expire between 2031 and 2044 and $159,027 has no expiration.

The Company recognizes uncertain income tax positions when it is not more likely than not a tax position will be sustained upon examination. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company has not recognized any material uncertain tax positions. The Company accrues interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of the income tax provision. No interest or penalties were recognized in income tax expense and no accrued interest or penalty was recorded for uncertain tax positions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Tax positions taken in tax years that remain open under the statute of limitations will be subject to examinations by tax authorities. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to state or local examinations by tax authorities for tax years ended December 31, 2018 or prior.

Tax Receivable Agreement

The Company expects to obtain an increase in its share of the tax basis in the net assets of Holdings when Holdings Units are redeemed from or exchanged by the LLC Members. The Company intends to treat any redemptions and exchanges of Holdings Units as direct purchases of Holdings Units for U.S. federal income tax purposes. These increases in tax basis may reduce the amounts that the Company would otherwise pay in the future to various tax authorities. They may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on future dispositions of certain capital assets to the extent tax basis is allocated to those capital assets.

The Company has a Tax Receivable Agreement with the LLC Members that will obligate the Company to make payments to the LLC Members generally equal to 90% of the applicable cash tax savings that the Company actually realizes or in some cases is deemed to realize as a result of the tax attributes generated by (i) certain increases in our allocable share of the tax basis in Holdings’ assets resulting from (a) the purchases of Holdings Units (along with the corresponding shares of our Class D common stock or Class C common stock) from the LLC Members (or their transferees of Holdings Units or other assignees) using the net proceeds from our initial public offering or in any future offering, (b) exchanges by the LLC Members (or their transferees of Holdings Units or other assignees) of Holdings Units (along with the corresponding shares of our Class D common stock or Class C common stock) for cash or shares of our Class B common stock or Class A common stock, as applicable, or (c) payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement; (ii) tax benefits related to imputed interest deemed arising as a result of payments made under the Tax Receivable Agreement and (iii) disproportionate allocations (if any) of tax benefits to Holdings as a result of section 704(c) of the Code that relate to the reorganization transactions. The Company will retain the benefit of the remaining 10% of these tax savings.

The Company anticipates funding payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement from cash flows from operations, available cash and available borrowings. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, the Company recognized a liability of $581,183 and $584,695 under the Tax Receivable Agreement after concluding that is the estimate of such TRA payments that would be paid based on its estimates of future taxable income. No payment was made to the LLC Members pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement during the year ended December 31, 2024. A payment of $35,697 was made to the LLC Members pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement during the year ended December 31, 2023.

The amounts payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the amount, character and timing of the taxable income of Rocket Companies in the future. Any such changes in these factors or changes in the Company’s determination of the need for a valuation allowance related to the tax benefits acquired under the Tax Receivable Agreement could adjust the Tax receivable agreement liability recognized and recorded within earnings in future periods.
In addition, the Tax Receivable Agreement provides that upon certain changes of control of the Company or a material breach of our obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement, the Company is required to make a payment to the LLC Members in an amount equal to the present value of future payments (calculated using a discount rate equal to the lesser of 6.50% or the applicable base rate plus 100 basis points, which may differ from our, or a potential acquirer’s, then-current cost of capital) under the Tax Receivable Agreement, which payment would be based on certain assumptions (described in assumptions (i) through (v) in the following paragraph), including those relating to our future taxable income. In these situations, our obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement could have a substantial negative impact on our, or a potential acquirer’s, liquidity and could have the effect of delaying, deferring, modifying or preventing certain mergers, asset sales, other forms of business combinations or other changes of control. These provisions of the Tax Receivable Agreement may result in situations where the LLC Members have interests that differ from or are in addition to those of our other stockholders. In addition, the Company could be required to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement that are substantial, significantly in advance of any potential actual realization of such further tax benefits, and in excess of our, or a potential acquirer’s, actual cash savings in income tax.

Furthermore, Rocket Companies may elect to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement early by making an immediate payment equal to the present value of the anticipated future cash tax savings (calculated using a discount rate equal to the lesser of 6.50% or the applicable base rate plus 100 basis points.) In determining such anticipated future cash tax savings, the Tax Receivable Agreement includes several assumptions, including that (i) any Holdings Units that have not been exchanged are deemed exchanged for the market value of the shares of Class A common stock at the time of termination, (ii) Rocket Companies will have sufficient taxable income in each future taxable year to fully realize all potential tax savings, (iii) Rocket Companies will have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize any remaining net operating losses subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement in the taxable year of the election or future taxable years, (iv) the tax rates for future years will be those specified in the law as in effect at the time of termination and (v) certain non-amortizable assets are deemed disposed of within specified time periods.

As a result of the change in control provisions and the early termination right, Rocket Companies could be required to make payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement that are greater than or less than the specified percentage of the actual cash tax savings that Rocket Companies realizes in respect of the tax attributes subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement (although any such overpayment would be taken into account in calculating future payments, if any, under the Tax Receivable Agreement) or that are prior to the actual realization, if any, of such future tax benefits. Also, the obligations of Rocket Companies would be automatically accelerated and be immediately due and payable in the event that Rocket Companies breaches any of its material obligations under the agreement and in certain events of bankruptcy or liquidation. In these situations, our obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement could have a substantial negative impact on our liquidity.

Tax Distributions

The holders of Holdings’ Units, including Rocket Companies Inc., incur U.S. federal, state and local income taxes on their share of any taxable income of Holdings. The Holdings Operating Agreement provides for pro rata cash distributions (“tax distributions”) to the holders of the Holdings Units in an amount generally calculated to provide each holder of Holdings Units with sufficient cash to cover its tax liability in respect of the Holdings Units. In general, these tax distributions are computed based on Holdings’ estimated taxable income, multiplied by an assumed tax rate as set forth in the Holdings Operating Agreement.

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, Holdings paid tax distributions totaling $14,222 and $1,504, respectively, to holders of Holdings Units other than Rocket Companies.
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Financial Instruments Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company uses forward commitments to hedge the interest rate risk exposure on certain fixed and adjustable rate commitments. Utilization of forward commitments involves some degree of basis risk. Basis risk is defined as the risk that the hedging instrument’s price does not offset the increase or decrease in the market price of the underlying financial instrument being hedged. The Company calculates an expected hedge ratio to mitigate a portion of this risk. The Company’s derivative instruments are not designated as accounting hedging instruments, and therefore, changes in fair value are recorded in current period Net income (loss). Hedging gains and losses are included in Gain on sale of loans, net and Change in the fair value of MSRs in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Net hedging gains were as follows:
Year ended December 31,
202420232022
Hedging gains (1)
$233,595 $161,254 $2,577,902 

(1)    Includes the change in fair value related to derivatives economically hedging MSRs identified for sale.

Refer to Note 2, Fair Value Measurements, for additional information on the fair value of derivative financial instruments.


Notional and Fair Value

The notional and fair values of derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments were as follows:

Notional ValueDerivative AssetDerivative Liability
Balance at December 31, 2024
IRLCs, net of loan funding probability (1)
$5,094,135 $103,101 $ 
Forward commitments (2)
$12,826,939 $89,332 $11,209 
Balance at December 31, 2023
IRLCs, net of loan funding probability (1)
$4,728,040 $132,870 $— 
Forward commitments (2)
$9,650,041 $26,614 $142,988 

(1)    IRLCs are also discussed in Note 14, Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees.

(2)    Includes the fair value and net notional value related to derivatives economically hedging MSRs identified for sale.

Counterparty agreements for forward commitments contain master netting agreements. The table below presents the gross amounts of recognized assets and liabilities subject to master netting agreements. Margin cash is cash that is exchanged by counterparties to be held as collateral related to these derivative financial instruments. Margin cash held on behalf of counterparties is recorded in Cash and cash equivalents and the related liability is classified in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Margin cash pledged to counterparties is excluded from Cash and cash equivalents and instead recorded in Other assets as a margin call receivable from counterparties in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company had zero and $66,598 of margin cash pledged to counterparties related to these forward commitments at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023 there was $63,377 and $250 of margin cash held on behalf of counterparties, respectively.
Gross Amount of Recognized Assets or LiabilitiesGross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Net Amounts Presented in the
 Consolidated Balance Sheets
Offsetting of Derivative Assets
Balance at December 31, 2024
Forward commitments$117,730 $(28,398)$89,332 
Balance at December 31, 2023
Forward commitments$37,647 $(11,033)$26,614 
Offsetting of Derivative Liabilities
Balance at December 31, 2024
Forward commitments$(13,487)$2,278 $(11,209)
Balance at December 31, 2023
Forward commitments$(174,545)$31,557 $(142,988)
Counterparty Credit Risk

Credit risk is defined as the possibility that a loss may occur from the failure of another party to perform in accordance with the terms of the contract, which exceeds the value of existing collateral, if any. The Company attempts to limit its credit risk by dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining collateral where appropriate.

The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of contractual nonperformance by its trading counterparties and counterparties to its various over-the-counter derivative financial instruments noted in the above Notional and Fair Value discussion. The Company manages this credit risk by selecting only counterparties that it believes to be financially strong, spreading the credit risk among many such counterparties, placing contractual limits on the amount of unsecured credit extended to any single counterparty and entering into netting agreements with the counterparties as appropriate.

Certain counterparties have master netting agreements. The master netting agreements contain a legal right to offset amounts due to and from the same counterparty. Derivative assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets represent derivative contracts in a gain position, net of loss positions with the same counterparty and, therefore, also represent the Company’s maximum counterparty credit risk. The Company incurred no credit losses due to nonperformance of any of its counterparties during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.
v3.25.0.1
Commitments, Contingencies, and Guarantees
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments, Contingencies, and Guarantees Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
Interest Rate Lock Commitments

IRLCs are agreements to lend to a client as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. The Company evaluates each client’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis.

The number of days from the date of the IRLC to expiration of fixed and variable rate lock commitments outstanding at December 31, 2024 and 2023 was 41 days, on average.

The UPB of IRLCs was as follows:
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Fixed RateVariable RateFixed RateVariable Rate
IRLCs$6,562,026 $393,175 $6,317,330 $258,045 

Commitments to Sell Mortgage Loans

In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into contracts to sell existing mortgage loans held for sale into the secondary market at specified future dates. The amount of commitments to sell existing loans at December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $1,120 and zero, respectively.

Commitments to Sell Loans with Servicing Released

In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into contracts to sell the MSRs of certain newly originated loans on a servicing released basis. In the event that a forward commitment is not filled and there has been an unfavorable market shift from the date of commitment to the date of settlement, the Company is contractually obligated to pay a pair-off fee on the undelivered balance. There were $162,610 and $226,535 of loans committed to be sold servicing released at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Investor Reserves

The following presents the activity in the investor reserves:
Year Ended December 31,
20242023
Balance at beginning of period$92,389 $110,147 
Provision for investor reserves36,248 112,372 
Realized losses(28,639)(130,130)
Balance at end of period$99,998 $92,389 

The maximum exposure under the Company’s representations and warranties would be the outstanding principal balance and any premium received on all loans ever sold by the Company, less (i) loans that have already been paid in full by the mortgagee, (ii) loans that have defaulted without a breach of representations and warranties, (iii) loans that have been indemnified via settlement or make-whole, or (iv) loans that have been repurchased. Additionally, the Company may receive relief of certain representation and warranty obligations on loans sold to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac on or after January 1, 2013 if Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac satisfactorily concludes a quality control loan file review or if the borrower meets certain acceptable payment history requirements within 12 or 36 months after the loan is sold to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac.

Purchase Commitments

Future purchase commitments include various non-cancelable agreements primarily related to our apps and websites, cloud computing services and certain marketing arrangements. As of December 31, 2024, future purchase commitments primarily span a four year period, from 2025 through 2028, and aggregate to $486,873 in total.

Escrow Deposits

As a service to its clients, the Company administers escrow deposits representing undisbursed amounts received for payment of property taxes, insurance, funds for title services, and principal and interest on mortgage loans held for sale. Cash held by the Company for property taxes, insurance and settlement funds for title services was $3,915,456 and $3,469,770, and for principal and interest was $3,386,251 and $2,225,625 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These amounts are not considered assets of the Company and, therefore, are excluded from the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company remains contingently liable for the disposition of these deposits.

Guarantees

As of December 31, 2023, the Company guaranteed the debt of a related party consisting of three separate guarantees, totaling $1,770, for which the Company did not record a liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets because it was not probable that the Company would be required to make payments under these guarantees. The guaranteed debt obligation of these three separate guarantees expired December 31, 2024.

Tax Receivable Agreement

As indicated in Note 12, Income Taxes, the Company is party to a Tax Receivable Agreement.
Legal

The Company engages in, among other things, mortgage lending, title and settlement services and other financial technology services and products. The Company operates in highly regulated industries and are routinely subject to various legal and administrative proceedings concerning matters that arise in the normal and ordinary course of business, including inquiries, complaints, subpoenas, audits, examinations, investigations and potential enforcement actions from regulatory agencies and state attorneys general; state and federal lawsuits and putative collective and class actions; and other litigation. Periodically, we assess our potential liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal and administrative proceedings utilizing the latest information available. While it is not possible to predict the outcome of any of these matters, based on our assessment of the facts and circumstances, we do not believe any of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, actual outcomes may differ from those expected and could have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows in a future period. Rocket Companies accrues for losses when they are probable to occur and such losses are reasonably estimable. Legal costs are expensed as they are incurred.

In 2022, a judgment was entered against Rocket Mortgage, formerly known as Quicken Loans Inc., and Rocket Close, formerly known as Title Source, Inc., for a certified class action lawsuit in the U.S. District Court of the Northern District of West Virginia. The lawsuit alleged Rocket Mortgage and Rocket Close violated West Virginia state law by unconscionably inducing the plaintiffs (and a class of other West Virginians who received loans through Rocket Mortgage and appraisals through Rocket Close) into loans by including the borrower’s own estimated home values on appraisal order forms. On January 23, 2025, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit reversed the class certification and award of classwide damages and ordered the case to proceed only as to the four individual named plaintiffs. The Company believes the ultimate resolution of this matter is not material to the consolidated financial statements.

Rocket Close is currently involved in civil litigation related to a business dispute between Rocket Close and HouseCanary, Inc. (“HouseCanary”) in Bexar County, Texas. The lawsuit was filed on April 12, 2016, by Rocket Close and included claims against HouseCanary for breach of contract and fraudulent inducement stemming from a contract between Rocket Close and HouseCanary whereby HouseCanary was obligated to provide Rocket Close with appraisal and valuation software and services. HouseCanary filed counterclaims against Rocket Close for, among other things, breach of contract, fraud and misappropriation of trade secrets. On March 14, 2018, following trial of the claims in the lawsuit, a jury awarded damages in favor of HouseCanary and rejected Rocket Close's claims against HouseCanary. The district court entered judgment for HouseCanary on its misappropriation and fraud claims. On appeal, the Fourth Court of Appeals in San Antonio affirmed judgment of no-cause on Rocket Close’s claim for breach of contract, but reversed judgment on HouseCanary’s misappropriation of trade secrets and fraud claims and remanded the case for a new trial on HouseCanary’s claims. In November 2020, HouseCanary filed a petition requesting the Supreme Court of Texas review the court of appeals’ decision. The Supreme Court denied the petition on June 17, 2022, and the case was remanded to district court for a new trial. The outcome of this matter remains uncertain, and the ultimate resolution of the litigation may be several years in the future. At the new trial, Rocket Close intends to present new evidence, including evidence revealed by whistleblowers who came forward after the conclusion of the original trial with evidence that undermined HouseCanary’s claims and to vigorously defend this case and any subsequent actions.

Rocket Mortgage and Rocket Homes are defending themselves against a tagalong lawsuit filed by HouseCanary that also includes claims for misappropriation of trade secrets. That case is in its early stages and is stayed pending a resolution of Rocket Mortgage and Rocket Homes’ dispositive motion.
On June 29, 2021, and July 13, 2021, two putative securities class action lawsuits were filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan asserting claims pursuant to Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 against Rocket Companies, Rock Holdings and certain executive officers and directors. These two putative class actions, later consolidated into one case, challenged particular positive statements about Rocket Companies’ operations and prospects, alleged Rock Holdings sold Rocket Companies Class A common stock on the basis of material nonpublic information, and purported to bring claims on behalf of all persons who purchased Rocket Companies Class A common stock between February 25, 2021, and May 5, 2021. The lawsuit does not claim a specific amount of damages. On September 30, 2024, the district court denied class certification. One named plaintiff moved for limited reconsideration of the order denying class certification, and concurrently filed an appeal with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. On December 2, 2024, the district court dismissed the positive statement claims with prejudice. On August 19, 2021, and August 12, 2022, two alleged shareholders filed shareholder derivative actions, later consolidated, asserting claims purportedly on behalf of Rocket Companies for breach of fiduciary duty, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment against certain executive officers, the members of Rocket Companies’ Board, Rock Holdings, and, nominally, Rocket Companies in the Michigan State Circuit Court for the Third Judicial Circuit, Wayne County. On November 23, 2021, and February 2, 2022, two alleged shareholders filed shareholder derivative actions asserting claims purportedly on behalf of Rocket Companies for breach of fiduciary duty against Rock Holdings, Daniel Gilbert, and, nominally, Rocket Companies in the Delaware Court of Chancery. The two Delaware derivative actions were also later consolidated, and on January 22, 2024, Daniel Gilbert was dismissed from the consolidated case. Trial of the claims remaining against Rock Holdings was held in May 2024, with closing argument on November 18, 2024. On May 22, 2023, an alleged shareholder filed a shareholder derivative action asserting claims purportedly on behalf of Rocket Companies for breach of fiduciary duty, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment against certain executive officers, the members of Rocket Companies’ Board, Rock Holdings, and, nominally, Rocket Companies in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan. On October 3, 2023, the federal derivative lawsuit was stayed pending final resolution of the putative securities class action lawsuit. The derivative lawsuits allege Rock Holdings sold Rocket Companies Class A common stock on the basis of material nonpublic information and, in the federal and Michigan state lawsuits, that certain positive statements about Rocket Companies’ business operations and prospects were false. None of the derivative lawsuits claim a specific amount of damages. Due to the stages of these proceedings and the lack of specific damages requests, Rocket Companies is unable to estimate a range of reasonably possible losses for any of these matters.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we have recorded reserves related to potential damages in connection with legal proceedings of $4,500 and $15,000, respectively. The ultimate outcome of these or other actions or proceedings, including any monetary awards against Rocket Companies or one or more of its subsidiaries, is uncertain and there can be no assurance as to the amount of any such potential awards. Rocket Companies and its subsidiaries will incur defense costs and other expenses in connection with these proceedings. Plus, if a judgment for money that exceeds specified thresholds is rendered against Rocket Companies or any of its subsidiaries and it or they fail to timely pay, discharge, bond or obtain a stay of execution of such judgment, it is possible that one or more of the companies could be deemed in default of loan funding facilities and other agreements governing indebtedness. If the final resolution in one or more of these proceedings is unfavorable, it could have a material adverse effect on the business, liquidity, financial condition, cash flows, and results of operations of Rocket Companies.
v3.25.0.1
Regulatory Minimum Net Worth, Capital Ratio and Liquidity Requirements
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Mortgage Banking [Abstract]  
Regulatory Minimum Net Worth, Capital Ratio and Liquidity Requirements Regulatory Minimum Net Worth, Capital Ratio and Liquidity Requirements
Certain secondary market investors and state regulators require the Company to maintain minimum net worth, liquidity and capital requirements. To the extent that these requirements are not met, secondary market investors and/or the state regulators may utilize a range of remedies including sanctions and/or suspension or termination of selling and servicing agreements, which may prohibit the Company from originating, securitizing or servicing these specific types of mortgage loans.

Rocket Mortgage is subject to certain minimum net worth, capital ratio and liquidity requirements and risk-based capital ratio established by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (collectively defined as "GSEs") Seller/Servicers and Ginnie Mae (together with GSEs, the "Agencies") for single family issuers. The effective requirements as of December 31, 2024 are listed below. Furthermore, refer to Note 6, Borrowings for additional information regarding compliance with all funding and financing facilities related covenant requirements. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, Rocket Mortgage was in compliance with these requirements.
Minimum Net Worth

The minimum net worth requirement for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac is defined as follows:

•    Base of $2,500 plus 25 basis points of total GSE Residential First Lien Mortgage Servicing UPB, plus 25 basis points of total non-agency single family outstanding servicing portfolio, plus 35 basis points of the Ginnie Mae Residential First Lien Mortgage Servicing UPB.

•    Adjusted/Tangible Net Worth is defined as total equity less goodwill and other intangible assets (excluding mortgage servicing rights), affiliate receivables, deferred tax assets net of associated deferred tax liabilities and pledged assets net of associated liabilities.

The minimum net worth requirement for Ginnie Mae is defined as follows:

•    Base of $2,500, plus 35 basis points of the Ginnie Mae total single-family effective outstanding obligations, plus 25 basis points of total GSE single-family outstanding servicing portfolio balance, plus 25 basis points of total non-agency single-family outstanding serving portfolio.

•    Adjusted Net Worth is defined as total equity less goodwill and other intangible assets, affiliate receivables net of associated liabilities, deferred tax assets net of associated deferred tax liabilities and valuation adjustment of certain assets.

Minimum Capital/Leverage Ratio

The minimum capital ratio requirement for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac is defined as follows:

•    The Company is also required to hold a ratio of Adjusted/Tangible Net Worth to Total Assets greater than 6%.

The minimum leverage ratio requirement for Ginnie Mae is defined as follows:

•    The Company is also required to hold a ratio of Adjusted Net Worth to Total Assets greater than 6%. Ginnie Mae Total Assets excludes the Ginnie Mae loans eligible for repurchase.

Risk Based Capital Ratio (RBCR)

The minimum risk-based capital ratio requirement for Ginnie Mae is defined as follows:

•    The Company is also required to maintain a RBCR of Adjusted Net Worth less excess MSRs to total Risk-Based Assets greater than 6%.

•    For purpose of RBCR only, excess MSRs are defined as MSRs in excess of the Company’s Adjusted Net Worth.

•    Total Risk-Based Assets are defined as total assets that are risk weighted according to the following: 0% of the Company's cash and cash equivalents, Ginne Mae Loans eligible for repurchase, prepaid expenses and leases and items deducted from equity to compute adjusted net worth. 20% of the government loans and conforming loans held for sale, 50% of other loans held for sale, 250% of gross MSRs (not to exceed Adjusted Net Worth) and 100% of all other assets not included.
Minimum Total Liquidity

The minimum liquidity requirement for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac is defined as follows:

•    Base liquidity; 7 basis points of the portion of the servicing UPB for GSEs if the Company remits interest or principal, or both, as scheduled, regardless of whether interest or principal has been collected from the borrower, plus 3.5 basis points of total UPB of GSE servicing if the Company remits interest and principal as actually collected, plus 3.5 basis points of our other servicing UPB, plus 10 basis points of our servicing UPB for Ginnie Mae.

•    Origination liquidity; 50 basis points of the sum of mortgage loans held for sale at lower cost or market, mortgage loans held for sale at fair value and UPB of interest rate lock commitments after fallout adjustment.

•    Supplemental liquidity; 2 basis points of our UPB serviced for GSEs, plus 5 basis points of our UPB serviced for Ginnie Mae.

•    Allowable assets for liquidity may include cash and cash equivalents (unrestricted), unpledged available for sale or held for trading investment grade securities (limited to Agency MBS, Obligations of GSEs, US Treasury Obligations) and 50% of committed/unused Agency Mortgage Servicing advance lines of credit.

The minimum liquidity requirement for Ginnie Mae is defined as follows:

•    7 basis points of the portion of the servicing UPB for GSEs if the Company remits interest or principal, or both, as scheduled, plus 3.5 basis points of total UPB of GSE servicing if the Company remits interest and principal as actually collected, plus 3.5 basis points of our non-agency servicing UPB, plus 10 basis points of our servicing UPB for Ginnie Mae, plus 50 basis points of the sum of loans held for sale and UPB of interest rate lock commitments after fallout adjustment.

•    Allowable assets for liquidity may include cash and cash equivalents (unrestricted), available for sale or held for trading investment grade securities (e.g., Agency MBS, Obligations of GSEs, US Treasury Obligations) and outstanding principal and interest, taxes and insurance and foreclosure servicing advances.

Since Rocket Mortgage’s single-family servicing portfolio exceeds $150 billion in UPB, we are also required to obtain an external primary servicer rating or master servicing rating and long-term senior unsecured or long-term corporate family credit ratings from two different rating agencies. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, Rocket Mortgage was in compliance with these requirements.

The most restrictive of these regulatory requirements require the Company to maintain a minimum net worth of approximately $1,500,000, minimum liquidity of approximately $600,000 and capital/leverage ratio and risk-based capital ratio of 6% as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, Rocket Mortgage was in compliance with these requirements.
v3.25.0.1
Segments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segments Segments
The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who has been identified as its Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), has evaluated how the Company views and measures its performance. ASC 280, Segment Reporting establishes the standards for reporting information about segments in financial statements. In applying the criteria set forth in that guidance, the Company has determined that it has two reportable segments - Direct to Consumer and Partner Network. The key factors used to identify these reportable segments are the Company’s internal operations and the nature of its marketing channels, which drive client acquisition into the mortgage platform. This determination reflects how its CODM monitors performance, allocates capital and makes strategic and operational decisions. Management continues to reassess and enhance the methodologies and processes used to calculate financial results by reportable segment. The financial results by reportable segment may be revised as periodic enhancements are made.
Direct to Consumer

In the Direct to Consumer segment, clients have the ability to interact with Rocket Mortgage digitally and/or with the Company’s mortgage bankers. The Company markets to potential clients in this segment through various brand campaigns and performance marketing channels. The Direct to Consumer segment generates revenue from originating, closing, selling and servicing predominantly agency-conforming loans, which are pooled and sold to the secondary market. This segment also produces revenue by providing title and settlement services and appraisal management to these clients as part of our end-to-end mortgage origination experience. Servicing activities are fully allocated to the Direct to Consumer segment as they are viewed as an extension of the client experience, which positions us to have high retention and recapture the clients’ next refinance, purchase and personal loan transactions.

Revenues in the Direct to Consumer segment are generated primarily from the gain on sale of loans, which includes loan origination fees, revenues associated with title, closing and appraisal fees and revenues from sales of loans into the secondary market, as well as the fair value of originated MSRs and hedging gains and losses. Loan servicing income consists of the contractual fees earned for servicing loans and other ancillary servicing fees, as well as changes in the fair value of MSRs due to changes in valuation assumptions and realization of cash flows.

Partner Network

We provide industry-leading client service and leverage our widely recognized brand to strengthen our wholesale relationships, through Rocket Pro, as well as enterprise partnerships, both driving growth in our Partner Network segment. Rocket Pro works exclusively with mortgage brokers, community banks and credit unions, enabling them to maintain their own brand and client relationships while leveraging Rocket Mortgage's expertise, technology and award-winning process. Our enterprise partnerships include financial institutions and well-known consumer-focused companies that value our award-winning client experience and offer their clients mortgage solutions through our trusted brand. These organizations connect their clients directly to us through marketing channels and referrals.

Revenues in the Partner Network segment are generated primarily from the gain on sale of loans, which includes loan origination fees, revenues associated with title, closing and appraisal fees and revenues from sales of loans into the secondary market, as well as the fair value of originated MSRs and hedging gains and losses.

Other Information About Our Segments

The Company measures the performance of the segments primarily on a contribution margin basis. The CODM uses the total revenue and profitability metrics of each segment to assess performance and allocation of resources by segment. The accounting policies applied by our segments are described in Note 1, Business, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies. Directly attributable expenses include Salaries, commissions and team member benefits, General and administrative expenses, Marketing and advertising expenses and Other expenses, such as mortgage servicing related expenses and expenses generated from Rocket Close (title and settlement services).

The Company does not allocate assets to its reportable segments as they are not included in the review performed by the CODM for purposes of assessing segment performance and allocating resources. The Consolidated Balance Sheet is managed on a consolidated basis and is not used in the context of segment reporting.

The Company also reports an “All Other” category that includes operations from Rocket Money, Rocket Loans and Rocket Homes and includes professional service fee revenues from related parties. These operations are neither significant individually nor in aggregate and therefore do not constitute a reportable segment.
Key operating data for our business segments for the years ended:

Year Ended December 31, 2024
Direct to ConsumerPartner NetworkSegments Total
All Other (1)
Total
Revenues
Gain on sale of loans, net
$2,362,879 $605,373 $2,968,252 $44,661 $3,012,913 
Interest income223,826 189,333 413,159  413,159 
Interest expense on funding facilities(170,844)(144,749)(315,593) (315,593)
Servicing fee income1,456,348  1,456,348 5,825 1,462,173 
Changes in fair value of MSRs(578,681) (578,681) (578,681)
Other income599,019 19,871 618,890 487,937 1,106,827 
Total U.S. GAAP Revenue, net3,892,547 669,828 4,562,375 538,423 5,100,798 
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges)
(199,188) (199,188) (199,188)
Adjusted revenue
3,693,359 669,828 4,363,187 538,423 4,901,610 
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits1,065,202 196,831 1,262,033 178,586 1,440,619 
General and administrative expenses279,141 25,278 304,419 60,456 364,875 
Marketing and advertising expenses653,132 9,327 662,459 160,615 823,074 
Other expenses145,573 8,880 154,453 4,818 159,271 
Total directly attributable expenses
2,143,048 240,316 2,383,364 404,475 2,787,839 
Contribution margin$1,550,311 $429,512 $1,979,823 $133,948 $2,113,771 

Year Ended December 31, 2023
Direct to ConsumerPartner NetworkSegments Total
All Other (1)
Total
Revenues
Gain on sale of loans, net
$1,660,038 $371,392 $2,031,430 $34,862 $2,066,292 
Interest income182,097 145,351 327,448 — 327,448 
Interest expense on funding facilities(114,447)(91,793)(206,240)(348)(206,588)
Servicing fee income1,396,639 — 1,396,639 5,141 1,401,780 
Changes in fair value of MSRs(700,982)— (700,982)— (700,982)
Other income565,882 13,902 579,784 331,535 911,319 
Total U.S. GAAP Revenue, net2,989,227 438,852 3,428,079 371,190 3,799,269 
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges)
(29,007)— (29,007)— (29,007)
Adjusted revenue
2,960,220 438,852 3,399,072 371,190 3,770,262 
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits1,014,178 200,958 1,215,136 179,289 1,394,425 
General and administrative expenses189,294 21,477 210,771 16,399 227,170 
Marketing and advertising expenses601,841 10,309 612,150 123,047 735,197 
Other expenses118,960 7,658 126,618 8,793 135,411 
Total directly attributable expenses1,924,273 240,402 2,164,675 327,528 2,492,203 
Contribution margin$1,035,947 $198,450 $1,234,397 $43,662 $1,278,059 
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Direct to ConsumerPartner NetworkSegments Total
All Other (1)
Total
Revenues
Gain on sale of loans, net
$2,573,970 $540,234 $3,114,204 $23,213 $3,137,417 
Interest income222,621 125,034 347,655 2,936 350,591 
Interest expense on funding facilities(106,561)(59,818)(166,379)(9)(166,388)
Servicing fee income1,455,121 — 1,455,121 3,516 1,458,637 
Changes in fair value of MSRs185,036 — 185,036 — 185,036 
Other income449,813 33,163 482,976 390,224 873,200 
Total U.S. GAAP Revenue, net4,780,000 638,613 5,418,613 419,880 5,838,493 
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions, (net of hedges)
(1,210,947)— (1,210,947)— (1,210,947)
Adjusted revenue
3,569,053 638,613 4,207,666 419,880 4,627,546 
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits1,310,069 276,756 1,586,825 242,334 1,829,159 
General and administrative expenses208,867 40,923 249,790 24,060 273,850 
Marketing and advertising expenses808,822 33,449 842,271 101,798 944,069 
Other expenses190,092 11,189 201,281 (9,118)192,163 
Total directly attributable expenses2,517,850 362,317 2,880,167 359,074 3,239,241 
Contribution margin$1,051,203 $276,296 $1,327,499 $60,806 $1,388,305 

(1)    All Other includes certain intercompany eliminations, as a portion of expense generated through intercompany transactions is allocated to our segments.

The following table represents a reconciliation of segment contribution margin to consolidated U.S. GAAP Income (loss) before income taxes for the years ended:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Contribution margin, excluding change in MSRs due to valuation assumptions$2,113,771 $1,278,059 $1,388,305 
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges)
199,188 29,007 1,210,947 
Contribution margin, including change in MSRs due to valuation assumptions2,312,959 1,307,066 2,599,252 
Less expenses not allocated to segments:
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits820,626 862,864 968,709 
General and administrative expenses528,279 575,696 632,344 
Depreciation and amortization112,917 110,271 94,020 
Interest and amortization expense on non-funding debt153,637 153,386 153,596 
Other expenses29,448 7,746 8,672 
Income (loss) before income taxes
$668,052 $(402,897)$741,911 
v3.25.0.1
Non-controlling Interest
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]  
Non-controlling Interest Non-controlling Interest
The non-controlling interest balance represents the economic interest in Holdings held by our Chairman and RHI. The following table summarizes the ownership of Holdings Units in Holdings as of:

December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Holdings
 Units
Ownership
 Percentage
Holdings
 Units
Ownership
 Percentage
Rocket Companies, Inc.'s ownership of Holdings Units146,028,193 7.32 %135,814,173 6.84 %
Holdings Units held by our Chairman1,101,822 0.06 %1,101,822 0.06 %
Holdings Units held by RHI1,847,777,661 92.62 %1,847,777,661 93.10 %
Balance at end of period1,994,907,676 100.00 %1,984,693,656 100.00 %

The non-controlling interest holders have the right to exchange Holdings Units, together with a corresponding number of shares of our Class D common stock or Class C common stock (together referred to as “Paired Interests”), for, at our option, (i) shares of our Class B common stock or Class A common stock or (ii) cash from a substantially concurrent public offering or private sale (based on the price of our Class A common stock). As such, future exchanges of Paired Interests by non-controlling interest holders will result in a change in ownership and reduce or increase the amount recorded as non-controlling interest and increase or decrease additional paid-in-capital when Holdings has positive or negative net assets, respectively. During the periods presented, neither our Chairman nor RHI has exchanged any Paired Interests.
v3.25.0.1
Share-based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Share-based Compensation Share-based Compensation
Restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance stock units ("PSUs") and stock options are granted to team members and directors of the Company and its affiliates under the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan. Share-based compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period based on the fair value of the award on the date of grant, with forfeitures recognized as they occur.
Stock Options

The Company has granted Stock Options to certain team members that generally vest and become exercisable over a three year period, with 33.33% vesting on the first anniversary of the grant date and the remaining 66.67% vesting ratably on a monthly basis over the 24 month period following the first anniversary of the grant date, subject to the grantee's employment or service with the Company through each applicable vesting date. The Stock Options will be exercisable, subject to vesting, for a period of 10 years after the grant date. The Stock Options activity for the period from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2024 was as follows:

Number of
Stock Options
Weighted Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Remaining Contractual TermAggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021
24,500,416$18.01 8.6 years$— 
Granted60,0008.38 — 
Exercised— — 
Expired1,652,40818.01 — 
Forfeited1,253,25817.99 — 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022
21,654,750$17.98 8.5 years$— 
Granted— — 
Exercised— — 
Expired4,445,09818.00 — 
Forfeited333,55217.98 — 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023
16,876,100$17.97 6.4 years$366,000 
Granted  
Exercised814,37118.00  
Expired1,489,47518.04  
Forfeited20,0008.38  
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
14,552,254$17.98 5.5 years$115,200 

There were no Stock Options granted for the period ending December 31, 2024. The Company had 14,552,254, 16,837,767 and 16,919,368 stock options exercisable as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company estimates the fair value of the Stock Options at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The inputs to the Black-Scholes option pricing model are as follows:

Year Ended December 31, 2024
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Expected volatilityN/AN/A
34.0% - 36.4%
Expected dividend yieldN/AN/A1.5 %
Risk-free interest ratesN/AN/A
0.3% - 3.9%
Expected termN/AN/A5.85 years

The weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted during 2022 was $3.11.

Expected volatility - This is a measure of the amount by which the price of the equity instrument has fluctuated or is expected to fluctuate. The expected volatility was based on the historical volatility of a group of guideline companies. An increase in expected volatility would increase compensation expense.

Expected dividend yield - An increase in the expected dividend yield would decrease compensation expense.

Risk-free interest rate - This is the U.S. Treasury rate as of the measurement date having a term approximating the expected life of the award. An increase in the risk-free interest rate would increase compensation expense.
Expected term - The period of time over which the awards are expected to remain outstanding. The Company estimates the expected term as the mid-point between actual or expected vesting date and the contractual term. An increase in the expected term would increase compensation expense.

Restricted Stock Units

The Company has granted RSUs to certain team members and certain non-employee directors that generally vest annually or semi-annually over a three year period with 33% vesting on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date, subject, in each case, to the grantee's employment or service with the Company through each applicable vesting date.

In connection with the acquisition of Rocket Money, the Company granted RSUs to certain team members that generally vest quarterly over an accelerated four-year period, subject to the grantee’s employment service with the Company through each applicable vesting date.

During the year-ended December 31, 2023, the Company made a one-time grant of RSUs to vest over a nine-month period, subject to the grantee’s employment with the Company through the applicable vesting date, for a total expense of approximately $34,700 that was fully vested as of December 31, 2023.

The RSU activity for the period from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2024 was as follows:
Number of UnitsWeighted Average Grant Date Fair ValueWeighted
Average Remaining
Service Period
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021
13,357,317 $17.90 1.2 years
Granted24,382,033 13.22 — 
Vested15,199,692 15.54 — 
Forfeited1,743,308 16.37 — 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022
20,796,350 $14.28 2.1 years
Granted16,816,637 8.41 — 
Vested14,006,419 12.54 — 
Forfeited2,583,262 12.62 — 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023
21,023,306 $10.96 2.1 years
Granted13,678,351 13.44  
Vested11,144,556 11.85  
Forfeited1,664,710 11.27  
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
21,892,391 $12.02 1.8 years

Performance Stock Units

The Company authorized 1,055,408 PSUs at target during the year ended December 31, 2024, that will vest based on the satisfaction of certain market, performance and service conditions.

The Company granted 527,704 PSUs that will cliff vest at the end of a three-year period based on the satisfaction of certain service and market conditions. The grant date fair value of these awards is $18.22 which was determined based on a Monte Carlo valuation model. No forfeitures had occurred as of December 31, 2024.

The Company granted 527,704 PSUs that will cliff vest at the end of a three-year period based on the satisfaction of certain service and performance conditions, which will be established by the Company at a future date. The Company has determined that the service inception date precedes the grant date and the fair value of these awards will be remeasured quarterly based on the current period share price until the awards are granted. This portion of the PSUs is not considered contingently issuable and is excluded from the calculation of earnings per share as of December 31, 2024.
Team Member Stock Purchase Plan

The Company has an employee stock purchase plan, also referred to as the Team Member Stock Purchase Plan (“TMSPP”), under which eligible team members may direct the Company to withhold up to 15% of their gross pay to purchase shares of common stock at a price equal to 85% of the closing market price on the exercise date. The TMSPP is a liability classified compensatory plan and the Company recognizes compensation expense over the offering period based on the fair value of the purchase discount. Under the TMSPP, the Company is authorized to issue up to 20,526,316 shares of its common stock to qualifying team members. There were 2,524,819, 3,286,442 and 4,609,697 shares purchased during the year ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, under the TMSPP.

Other Awards

We allocated costs associated with awards granted by Rock Holdings, Inc. (“RHI”) in the years prior to the reorganization and IPO. During the year ended December 31, 2022, all remaining RHI restricted stock units and options were cancelled and replaced with cash or a modified award denominated in Rocket Companies, Inc. shares. This resulted in RHI contributing approximately $42,000 in cash to the Company and its subsidiaries in exchange for the share-based compensation award modifications.

Additionally, certain of our subsidiaries have individual compensation plans that include equity awards and stock appreciation rights.

Share-based Compensation Expense

The components of share-based compensation expense included in Salaries, commissions and team member benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss) is as follows:
Year ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
Rocket Companies, Inc. sponsored plans
Restricted stock units (1)
$135,491 $156,841 $170,768 
Performance stock units (2)
4,525 — — 
Stock options (3)
52 18,940 36,583 
Team Member Stock Purchase Plan5,018 4,271 5,714 
Subtotal Rocket Companies, Inc. sponsored plans$145,086 $180,052 $213,065 
Rock Holdings, Inc sponsored plans
Restricted stock units — 14,451 
Stock options — 1,295 
Subtotal Rock Holdings, Inc. sponsored plans$ $— $15,746 
Subsidiary plans397 82 123 
Total share-based compensation expense$145,483 $180,134 $228,934 

(1)    Unrecognized compensation expense as of December 31, 2024 related to these RSUs was $214,346 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years.

(2)    Unrecognized compensation expense as of December 31, 2024 related to these PSUs was $11,032 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.2 years.

(3)    Unrecognized compensation expense as of December 31, 2024 related to these Stock Options was zero.
v3.25.0.1
Earnings Per Share
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings Per Share Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to Rocket Companies by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to Rocket Companies by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive securities. There was no Class B common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. See Note 17, Non-controlling Interest for a description of Paired Interests and their potential impact on Class A and Class B share ownership.

Diluted earnings per share reflects the dilutive effect of potential common shares from share-based awards and Class D common stock. The treasury stock method is used to calculate the dilutive effect of outstanding share-based awards, which assumes the proceeds upon vesting or exercise of awards would be used to purchase common stock at the average price for the period. The if-converted method is used to calculate the dilutive effect of converting Class D common stock to Class A common stock.

The following table sets forth the calculation of the basic and diluted earnings per share for the period:
Years Ended December 31,
202420232022
Net income (loss)$635,828 $(390,080)$699,933 
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interest(606,458)374,566 (653,512)
Net income (loss) attributable to Rocket Companies29,370 (15,514)46,421 
Add: Reallocation of Net income attributable to vested, undelivered stock awards — 22 
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders
$29,370 $(15,514)$46,443 
Numerator:
Net income (loss) attributable to Class A common shareholders - basic
$29,370 $(15,514)$46,443 
Add: Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to dilutive impact of pro-forma conversion of Class D shares to Class A shares (1)
 (283,042)503,007 
Add: Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards (2)
 (457)545 
Net income (loss) attributable to Class A common shareholders - diluted
$29,370 $(299,013)$549,995 
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic141,037,083128,641,762120,577,548
Add: Dilutive impact of conversion of Class D shares to Class A shares 1,848,879,4831,848,879,483
Add: Dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards (3)
 3,002,4452,163,542
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted141,037,0831,980,523,6901,971,620,573
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock outstanding - basic
$0.21 $(0.12)$0.39 
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted
$0.21 $(0.15)$0.28 

(1)    Net income (loss) calculated using the estimated annual effective tax rate of Rocket Companies, Inc.
(2)    Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 comprised of zero, $(441) and $491 related to RSUs and zero, $(16) and $54 related to TMSPP, respectively.

(3)    Dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 comprised of zero, 2,895,229 and 1,948,608 related to RSUs and zero, 107,216 and 214,934 related to TMSPP, respectively.

A portion of the Company RSUs, stock options, PSUs and shares issuable under the TMSPP were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share as the weighted portion for the period they were outstanding was determined to have an anti-dilutive effect.

RSUs excluded from the computation for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were 21,892,391, 8,892,219, and 19,165,177 respectively. Stock options excluded from the computation for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were 14,552,254, 16,876,100 and 21,654,750, respectively. PSUs excluded from the computation for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were 770,448, zero and zero, respectively. Shares issuable under the TMSPP excluded from the computation for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were 77,057, zero and zero.

For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, 1,848,879,483 Holdings Units were outstanding, together with a corresponding number of shares of our Class D common stock, which were exchangeable, at our option, for shares of our Class A common stock. After evaluating the potential dilutive effect under the if-converted method, the outstanding Holdings Units for the assumed exchange of non-controlling interests were determined to be anti-dilutive and thus were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2024. The Holding Units were determined to be dilutive for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 and therefore were included in the earnings per share calculation.
v3.25.0.1
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure      
Net income (loss) attributable to Rocket Companies $ 29,370 $ (15,514) $ 46,421
v3.25.0.1
Insider Trading Arrangements
3 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
v3.25.0.1
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]  
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted true
v3.25.0.1
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]  
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block]
Safeguarding information by securing our systems, data, and networks is a key priority for our business. Rocket Companies relies on our technology networks and systems, as well as those of certain third parties and affiliates, to collect, process, transmit and store information. We require the secure, efficient, and uninterrupted operation of those networks and systems to provide our clients with the best possible experience. With this in mind, we maintain an Information Security Program to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of client information.

The Rocket Companies Information Security Program (“Program”) is managed by the Rocket Companies Chief Information Security Officer (“CISO”), who is responsible for the creation and execution of our information security strategy. The CISO has more than 30 years’ experience managing business risk and developing and implementing information security strategy.

Rocket Companies aligns its Program to the National Institute of Standards (NIST) Cyber Security framework. The Program is reviewed and updated by regular risk assessments, which identify reasonable and foreseeable internal and external risks. The Company performs ongoing assessments of its Program to measure both the sufficiency of the safeguards to control risk and the design and operating effectiveness of our security requirements and controls. We implement information security policies throughout our operations, and our enterprise risk management (“ERM”) process considers information security risks alongside other company risks as part of our overall risk assessment process.

The Rocket Companies Vendor Risk Management Program performs initial and ongoing information security safeguards of our third-party service providers. Our Vendor Risk Management Program includes a robust due diligence process to review and affirm on an initial and periodic basis that our third-party service providers protect our information with the same rigor we require of ourselves.
As far as internal training and compliance, we spend significant time and resources to communicate the Program to all team members via annual trainings, ongoing communications, and periodic testing of team member capabilities.

The CISO is charged with the continuous evolution of the Program to address emerging threats and new technologies, ensuring that we can adapt to the everchanging risk environment and those who seek to compromise our information. As such, the Program is regularly evaluated by both internal and external assessors to ensure its effectiveness by measuring its ability to prevent risk realization.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block]
Rocket Companies aligns its Program to the National Institute of Standards (NIST) Cyber Security framework. The Program is reviewed and updated by regular risk assessments, which identify reasonable and foreseeable internal and external risks. The Company performs ongoing assessments of its Program to measure both the sufficiency of the safeguards to control risk and the design and operating effectiveness of our security requirements and controls. We implement information security policies throughout our operations, and our enterprise risk management (“ERM”) process considers information security risks alongside other company risks as part of our overall risk assessment process.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag] false
Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block]
Our Board oversees our Information Security Program and cybersecurity risks, this includes receiving periodic management reports on cybersecurity and information security trends and regulatory updates, technology risks, and the implications for our business strategy.

On a periodic basis, the CISO provides reports and presentations to the board of directors, Audit Committee, and Rocket Senior Leadership, including the Rocket Risk Council. These CISO updates include recent industry developments, evolving standards, vulnerability assessments and technological trends. During 2024, the CISO updates included information regarding areas of increasing cybersecurity threats, the ongoing enhancements to our information security framework, deployment of security tools, processes to mitigate threats, and the results of a simulated cybersecurity incident tabletop exercise.
As of the date of this report, we are not aware of any material risks from cybersecurity threats that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect Rocket Companies. However, there is no guarantee that we will not be subject to future threats or incidents. We deploy a monitoring program to detect potential threats and keep an incident response plan in place to respond if a security incident occurs. Additional information on cybersecurity risks we face can be found in Item 1A, Risk Factors, which should be read in conjunction with the foregoing information.
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] Our Board oversees our Information Security Program and cybersecurity risks, this includes receiving periodic management reports on cybersecurity and information security trends and regulatory updates, technology risks, and the implications for our business strategy.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] On a periodic basis, the CISO provides reports and presentations to the board of directors, Audit Committee, and Rocket Senior Leadership, including the Rocket Risk Council. These CISO updates include recent industry developments, evolving standards, vulnerability assessments and technological trends. During 2024, the CISO updates included information regarding areas of increasing cybersecurity threats, the ongoing enhancements to our information security framework, deployment of security tools, processes to mitigate threats, and the results of a simulated cybersecurity incident tabletop exercise.
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block] The Rocket Companies Information Security Program (“Program”) is managed by the Rocket Companies Chief Information Security Officer (“CISO”), who is responsible for the creation and execution of our information security strategy.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block]
Our Board oversees our Information Security Program and cybersecurity risks, this includes receiving periodic management reports on cybersecurity and information security trends and regulatory updates, technology risks, and the implications for our business strategy.
On a periodic basis, the CISO provides reports and presentations to the board of directors, Audit Committee, and Rocket Senior Leadership, including the Rocket Risk Council. These CISO updates include recent industry developments, evolving standards, vulnerability assessments and technological trends. During 2024, the CISO updates included information regarding areas of increasing cybersecurity threats, the ongoing enhancements to our information security framework, deployment of security tools, processes to mitigate threats, and the results of a simulated cybersecurity incident tabletop exercise.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block] The Rocket Companies Information Security Program (“Program”) is managed by the Rocket Companies Chief Information Security Officer (“CISO”), who is responsible for the creation and execution of our information security strategy. The CISO has more than 30 years’ experience managing business risk and developing and implementing information security strategy.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block] On a periodic basis, the CISO provides reports and presentations to the board of directors, Audit Committee, and Rocket Senior Leadership, including the Rocket Risk Council. These CISO updates include recent industry developments, evolving standards, vulnerability assessments and technological trends.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag] true
v3.25.0.1
Business, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Consolidation
As the sole managing member of Holdings, the Company operates and controls all of the business affairs of Holdings, and through Holdings and its subsidiaries, conducts its business. Holdings is considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and we consolidate the financial results of Holdings under the guidance of ASC 810, Consolidation. A portion of our Net income (loss) is allocated to Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interest. For further details, refer below to Variable Interest Entities and Note 17, Non-controlling Interest.

For further details on the Company's other consolidated VIE, refer below to Consolidation of Collateralized Financing Entity.

All significant intercompany transactions and accounts between the businesses comprising the Company have been eliminated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

The Company's derivatives, IRLCs, MSRs, mortgage and non-mortgage loans held for sale and trading investment securities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, other assets may be required to be measured at fair value in the consolidated financial statements on a nonrecurring basis. For further details of the Company's transactions refer to Note 2, Fair Value Measurements.
All transactions and accounts between RHI and other related parties with the Company have a history of settlement or will be settled for cash and are reflected as related party transactions.
Basis of Presentation
Our consolidated financial statements are audited and presented in U.S. dollars. They have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period financial statement presentation.
Management Estimates
Management Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management is not aware of any factors that would significantly change its estimates and assumptions as of December 31, 2024. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Subsequent Events
Subsequent Events
In preparing these consolidated financial statements, the Company evaluated events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure through the date the accompanying consolidated financial statements were issued.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition

Gain on sale of loans, net — includes all components related to the origination and sale of mortgage loans, including (1) net gain on sale of loans, which represents the premium we receive in excess of the loan principal amount and certain fees charged by investors upon sale of loans into the secondary market, (2) loan origination fees (credits), points and certain costs, (3) provision for or benefit from investor reserves, (4) the change in fair value of interest rate locks and loans held for sale, (5) the gain or loss on forward commitments hedging loans held for sale and interest rate lock commitments (IRLCs) and (6) the fair value of originated MSRs. An estimate of the Gain on sale of loans, net is recognized at the time an IRLC is issued, net of a pull-through factor. Subsequent changes in the fair value of IRLCs and mortgage loans held for sale are recognized in current period earnings. When the mortgage loan is sold into the secondary market, any difference between the proceeds received and the current fair value of the loan is recognized in current period earnings in Gain on sale of loans, net. Fair value of originated MSRs represents the estimated fair value of MSRs related to loans which we have sold and retained the right to service.
Loan servicing income, net — includes income from servicing, sub-servicing and ancillary fees and is recorded to income as earned, which is upon collection of payments from borrowers. This amount also includes the Change in fair value of MSRs, which is the adjustment for the fair value measurement of the MSR asset as of the respective balance sheet date. Refer to Note 3, Mortgage Servicing Rights for information related to the gain/(loss) on changes in the fair value of MSRs.

Interest income, net — includes interest earned on mortgage loans held for sale and mortgage loans held for investment net of the interest expense paid on our loan funding facilities. Interest income is recorded as earned and interest expense is recorded as incurred. Interest income is accrued and credited to income daily based on the unpaid principal balance (“UPB”) outstanding. The accrual of interest income is generally discontinued when a loan becomes 90 days past due.

Other incomeincludes revenues generated from Deposit income related to revenue earned on deposits, including escrow deposits, Rocket Close (title, closing and appraisal fees), Rocket Money (subscription revenue and other service-based fees), Rocket Homes (real estate network referral fees) and Rocket Loans (personal loan interest earned and other income) and Other (additional subsidiary and miscellaneous revenue).

The following significant revenue streams fall within the scope of ASC Topic 606 — Revenue from Contracts with Customers and are disaggregated hereunder. The remaining revenue streams within the scope of ASC 606 are immaterial, both individually and in aggregate.
    
Rocket Money subscription revenue — The Company recognizes subscription revenue ratably over the contract term beginning on the commencement date of each contract. We have determined that subscriptions represent a stand-ready obligation to perform over the subscription term. These performance obligations are satisfied over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits. Contracts are one month to one year in length. Subscription revenues were $266,938, $178,769 and $118,344 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 respectively.

Rocket Close closing fees — The Company recognizes closing fees for non-recurring services provided in connection with the origination of the loan. These fees are recognized at the time of loan closing for purchase transactions or at the end of a client's three-day rescission period for refinance transactions, which represents the point in time the loan closing services performance obligation is satisfied. The consideration received for closing services is a fixed fee per loan that varies by state and loan type. Closing fees were $106,450, $77,901 and $157,853 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Rocket Close appraisal revenue — The Company recognizes appraisal revenue when the appraisal service is completed. The Company may choose to deliver appraisal services directly to its client or subcontract such services to a third-party licensed and/or certified appraiser. In instances where the Company performs the appraisal, revenue is recognized as the gross amount of consideration received at a fixed price per appraisal. The Company is an agent in instances where a third-party appraiser is involved in the delivery of appraisal services and revenue is recognized net of third-party appraisal expenses. Appraisal revenue was $35,530, $39,909 and $65,082 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Rocket Homes real estate network referral fees — The Company recognizes real estate network referral fee revenue based on arrangements with partner agencies contingent on the closing of a transaction. As this revenue stream is variable and is contingent on the successful transaction close, the revenue is constrained until the occurrence of the transaction. At this point, the constraint on recognizing revenue is deemed to have been lifted and revenue is recognized for the consideration expected to be received. Real estate network referral fees were $53,548, $49,670 and $48,207 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Marketing and Advertising Costs
Marketing and Advertising Costs

Marketing and advertising costs for direct and non-direct response advertising are expensed as incurred. The costs of brand marketing and advertising are expensed in the period the advertising space or airtime is used.
The Company incurred marketing and advertising costs related to the naming rights for the Rocket Arena, which is paid to a related party.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. We maintain our bank accounts with a relatively small number of high-quality financial institutions.

Restricted cash as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 consisted of cash on deposit for a repurchase facility, client application deposits, title premiums collected from the insured that are due to the underwriter, and principal and interest received in collection accounts for purchased assets. In 2022, the Company also had a $25,000 bond, which was redeemed as of December 31, 2023.
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale

The Company has elected the fair value option for accounting for mortgage loans held for sale.
Included in mortgage loans held for sale are loans originated as held for sale that are expected to be sold into the secondary market and loans that have been previously sold and repurchased from investors that management intends to resell into the secondary market.
Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company enters into interest rate lock commitments, forward commitments to sell and purchase mortgage loans, which are considered derivative financial instruments. These items are accounted for as free-standing derivatives and are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. The Company treats all of its derivative instruments as economic hedges; therefore, none of its derivative instruments are designated as accounting hedges.

The Company enters into IRLCs to fund residential mortgage loans with its potential borrowers. These commitments are binding agreements to lend funds to these potential borrowers at specified interest rates within specified periods of time. The fair value of IRLCs is derived from the fair value of similar mortgage loans or bonds, which is based on observable market data. Changes to the fair value of IRLCs are recognized based on changes in interest rates, changes in the probability that the commitment will be exercised and the passage of time. The expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan and direct costs to close the loan are included in the fair value measurement of rate locks.

IRLCs and uncommitted mortgage loans held for sale expose the Company to the risk that the value of the mortgage loans held and mortgage loans underlying the commitments may decline due to increases in mortgage interest rates during the life of the commitments. To protect against this risk, the Company uses forward loan sale commitments to economically hedge the risk of potential changes in the value of the loans. These derivative instruments are recorded at fair value. The Company expects that the changes in fair value of these derivative financial instruments will either fully or partially offset the changes in fair value of the IRLCs and uncommitted mortgage loans held for sale. The changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recorded in Gain on sale of loans, net and Salaries, commissions and team member benefits in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

MSR assets (including the MSR value associated with outstanding IRLCs) that the Company plans to sell expose the Company to the risk that the value of the MSR asset may decline due to decreases in mortgage interest rates prior to the sale of these assets. To protect against this risk, the Company uses forward loan purchase commitments to economically hedge the risk of potential changes in the value of MSR assets that have been identified for sale. These derivative instruments are recorded at fair value. The Company expects that the changes in fair value of these derivative financial instruments will either fully or partially offset the changes in fair value of the MSR assets the Company intends to sell. The changes in fair value of these derivatives are recorded in the Change in fair value of MSRs in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Forward commitments include To-Be-Announced (“TBA”) mortgage-backed securities that have been aggregated at the counterparty level for presentation and disclosure purposes. Counterparty agreements contain a legal right to offset amounts due to and from the same counterparty under legally enforceable master netting agreements to settle with the same counterparty, on a net basis, as well as the right to obtain cash collateral. Forward commitments also include commitments to sell loans to counterparties and to purchase loans from counterparties at determined prices. The changes in fair value of these derivatives are recorded in gain on sale of loans, net and the change in fair value of MSRs. In addition, the cash flows are included within the Gain on sale of loans excluding fair value of MSRs, net and Change in fair value of MSRs, net in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Mortgage Servicing Rights
Mortgage Servicing Rights
Mortgage servicing rights are recognized as assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets when loans are sold and the associated servicing rights are retained. The Company maintains one class of MSR asset and has elected the fair value option. These MSRs are recorded at fair value, which is determined using an internal valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing fee income. The model includes estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rate, cost to service, float earnings and contractual servicing fee income, among others. These estimates are supported by market and economic data collected from various outside sources.
Property and Equipment
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation of property and equipment is generally computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful lives or the remaining lease terms. Depreciation is not recorded on projects-in-process until the project is complete and the associated assets are placed into service or are ready for the intended use. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts; any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to operations. Costs of maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred.
Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets

Definite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of customer relationships and technology acquired through business combinations and are recorded at their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition. These assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives and are tested for impairment only if events or circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of licenses to perform title insurance services acquired through business combinations and are recorded at their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition. The Company tests indefinite-lived intangible assets consistent with the policy described below for goodwill.
Goodwill
Goodwill
Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations. The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently when indications of potential impairment exist. The Company monitors the existence of potential impairment indicators throughout the fiscal year. Goodwill impairment testing is performed at the reporting unit level. The Company may elect to perform either a qualitative test or a quantitative test to determine if it is more likely than not that the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. Fair value reflects the price a market participant would be willing to pay in a potential sale of the reporting unit. If the estimated fair value exceeds carrying value, then we conclude the goodwill is not impaired. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, the Company recognizes an impairment loss in an amount equal to the excess, not to exceed the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.
Loans subject to repurchase right from Ginnie Mae
Loans subject to repurchase right from Ginnie Mae

For certain loans sold to Ginnie Mae, the Company as the servicer has the unilateral right to repurchase any individual loan in a Ginnie Mae securitization pool if that loan meets defined criteria, including being delinquent more than 90 days. Once the Company has the unilateral right to repurchase the delinquent loan, the Company has effectively regained control over the loan and must re-recognize the loan on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and establish a corresponding liability regardless of the Company's intention to repurchase the loan. The asset and corresponding liability are recorded at the unpaid principal balance of the loan, which approximates its fair value.
Non-controlling Interests
Non-controlling interests
We are the sole managing member of Holdings and consolidate the financial results of Holdings. Therefore, we report a non-controlling interest based on the Holdings Units of Holdings held by Dan Gilbert, our founder and Chairman (our “Chairman”) and RHI (the “non-controlling interest holders”) on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Income or loss is attributed to the non-controlling interests based on the weighted average Holdings Units outstanding during the period and is presented on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Share-based Compensation
Share-based Compensation
Equity-based awards are issued under the Rocket Companies, Inc. 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan including restricted stock units, performance stock units and stock options. Share-based compensation expense is recorded as a component of Salaries, commissions and team member benefits. Share-based compensation expense is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period based on the fair value of the award on the date of grant
Income Taxes
Income taxes

Our income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits reflect management’s best assessment of estimated current and future taxes to be paid. We are subject to income taxes predominantly in the United States and Canada. These tax laws are often complex and may be subject to different interpretations.

Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amount and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. In evaluating our ability to recover our deferred tax assets within the jurisdiction from which they arise, we consider all available positive and negative evidence. If based upon all available positive and negative evidence, it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is established. The valuation allowance may be reversed in a subsequent reporting period if the Company determines that it is more likely than not that all or part of the deferred tax asset will become realizable.

Our interpretations of tax laws are subject to review and examination by various taxing authorities and jurisdictions where the Company operates and disputes may occur regarding its view on a tax position. These disputes over interpretations with the various tax authorities may be settled by audit, administrative appeals or adjudication in the court systems of the tax jurisdictions in which the Company operates. We regularly review whether we may be assessed additional income taxes as a result of the resolution of these matters and the Company records additional reserves as appropriate. In addition, the Company may revise its estimate of income taxes due to changes in income tax laws, legal interpretations and business strategies. We recognize the financial statement effects of uncertain income tax positions when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. We record interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions in income tax expense. For additional information regarding our provision for income taxes refer to Note 12, Income Taxes.
Tax Receivable Agreement

The Company has a Tax Receivable Agreement with RHI and our Chairman (“LLC Members”) that will obligate the Company to make payments to the LLC Members generally equal to 90% of the applicable cash tax savings that the Company actually realizes or in some cases is deemed to realize as a result of the tax attributes generated by (i) certain increases in our allocable share of the tax basis in Holdings’ assets resulting from (a) the purchases of Holdings Units (along with the corresponding shares of our Class D common stock or Class C common stock) from the LLC Members (or their transferees of Holdings Units or other assignees) using the net proceeds from our initial public offering or in any future offering, (b) exchanges by the LLC Members (or their transferees of Holdings Units or other assignees) of Holdings Units (along with the corresponding shares of our Class D common stock or Class C common stock) for cash or shares of our Class B common stock or Class A common stock, as applicable, or (c) payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement; (ii) tax benefits related to imputed interest deemed arising as a result of payments made under the Tax Receivable Agreement and (iii) disproportionate allocations (if any) of tax benefits to Holdings as a result of section 704(c) of the Code that relate to the reorganization transactions. The Company will retain the benefit of the remaining 10% of these tax savings. For additional information regarding our Tax Receivable Agreement, refer to Note 12, Income Taxes.

The Company recognized a liability for the Tax Receivable Agreement based upon the estimate of future TRA payments. The amounts payable under the Tax Receivable Agreement will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the amount, character and timing of the taxable income of Rocket Companies in the future. Any such changes in these factors or changes in the Company’s determination of the need for a valuation allowance related to the tax benefits acquired under the Tax Receivable Agreement could adjust the Tax receivable agreement liability recognized and recorded within earnings in future periods.
Variable Interest Entities and Consolidation of the Collateralized Financing Entity
Variable Interest Entities

Rocket Companies, Inc. is the managing member of Holdings with 100% of the management and voting power in Holdings. In its capacity as managing member, Rocket Companies, Inc. has the sole authority to make decisions on behalf of Holdings and bind Holdings to signed agreements. Further, Holdings maintains separate capital accounts for its investors as a mechanism for tracking earnings and subsequent distribution rights. Accordingly, management concluded that Holdings is a limited partnership or similar legal entity as contemplated in ASC 810, Consolidation.

Management concluded that Rocket Companies, Inc. is Holdings’ primary beneficiary. As the primary beneficiary, Rocket Companies, Inc. consolidates Holdings' financial position and results of operations for financial reporting purposes under the variable interest consolidation model guidance in ASC 810, Consolidation.

Rocket Companies, Inc.’s relationship with Holdings results in no recourse to the general credit of Rocket Companies, Inc. Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries represents Rocket Companies, Inc.’s sole investment. Rocket Companies, Inc. shares in the income and losses of Holdings in direct proportion to Rocket Companies, Inc.'s ownership percentage. Rocket Companies, Inc. has no contractual requirement to provide financial support to Holdings.

Rocket Companies, Inc.’s financial position, performance and cash flows effectively represent those of Holdings and its subsidiaries as of and for the period ended December 31, 2024.

Consolidation of the Collateralized Financing Entity

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company transferred financial assets to a trust for which the Company holds a variable interest. Management concluded the Company has power to direct activities impacting the trust’s economic performance and has an economic interest in the entity that could result in benefits or losses, therefore is the primary beneficiary of the trust. As the primary beneficiary, the Company consolidates the trust's financial position and results of operations for financial reporting purposes under the variable interest consolidation model guidance in ASC 810, Consolidation. The Company has elected to account for the assets and liabilities of the VIE as a collateralized financing entity (“CFE”). A CFE is a VIE that holds financial assets, issues beneficial interests in those assets and has no more than nominal equity. The related assets are not available for general use by the Company and creditors have no recourse to the Company for the related liabilities.
Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share
Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share
The Company applies the two-class method for calculating and presenting earnings per share by separately presenting earnings per share for Class A common stock and Class B common stock. In applying the two-class method, the Company allocates undistributed earnings equally on a per share basis between Class A and Class B common stock. According to the Company’s certificate of incorporation, the holders of the Class A and Class B common stock are entitled to participate in earnings equally on a per-share basis, as if all shares of common stock were of a single class and in dividends as may be declared by the board of directors. Holders of the Class A and Class B common stock also have equal priority in liquidation. Shares of Class C and Class D common stock do not participate in earnings of Rocket Companies, Inc. As a result, the shares of Class C and Class D common stock are not considered participating securities and are not included in the weighted-average shares outstanding for purposes of earnings per share. Restricted stock units and performance stock units awarded as part of the Company’s compensation program, described in Note 18, Share-based Compensation are included in the weighted-average Class A shares outstanding in the calculation of basic earnings per share once the units are fully vested.Basic earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to Rocket Companies by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to Rocket Companies by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive securities.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards and Accounting Standards Issued but Not Yet Adopted
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-01: Leases (Topic 842) – Common Control Arrangements. The new guidance requires all lessees in a lease with a lessor under common control to amortize leasehold improvements over the useful life of the common control group and provides new guidance for recognizing a transfer of assets between entities under common control as an adjustment to equity when the lessee no longer controls the use of the underlying asset. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. There was no impact to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures upon adoption in January of 2024.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07: Segment Reporting (Topic 280) – Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The new guidance requires additional disclosures around significant segment expenses and the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted the update in 2024 on a retrospective basis, resulting in expanded disclosures around the significant segment expenses and the CODM's assessment of performance in Note 16, Segments.

Accounting Standards Issued but Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09: Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The new guidance requires additional disclosures relating to the tax rate reconciliation and the income taxes paid information. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is in the process of evaluating the requirements of the update, which is expected to result in expanded disclosures upon adoption.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03: Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosure (Subtopic 220-40) – Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The new guidance requires companies to disclose information about specific expenses at each interim and annual reporting period. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is in the process of evaluating the requirements of the update, which may result in expanded disclosures upon adoption.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is the price that would be received if an asset were sold or the price that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between willing market participants at the measurement date. Required disclosures include classification of fair value measurements within a three-level hierarchy (Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3). Classification of a fair value measurement within the hierarchy is dependent on the classification and significance of the inputs used to determine the fair value measurement. Observable inputs are those that are observed, implied from, or corroborated with externally available market information. Unobservable inputs represent the Company’s estimates of market participants’ assumptions.
Fair value measurements are classified in the following manner:

Level 1—Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2—Valuation is based on either observable prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets, observable prices for similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are derived directly from, or through correlation to, observable market data at the measurement date.

Level 3—Valuation is based on the Company’s internal models using assumptions at the measurement date that a market participant would use.

In determining fair value measurement, the Company uses observable inputs whenever possible. The level of a fair value measurement within the hierarchy is dependent on the lowest level of input that has a significant impact on the measurement as a whole. If quoted market prices are available at the measurement date or are available for similar instruments, such prices are used in the measurements. If observable market data is not available at the measurement date, judgment is required to measure fair value.

The following is a description of measurement techniques for items recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. There were no material items recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

Mortgage loans held for sale: Loans held for sale that trade in active secondary markets are valued using Level 2 measurements derived from observable market data, including: (i) securities backed by similar mortgage loans, adjusted for certain factors to approximate the fair value of a whole mortgage loan, including the value attributable to mortgage servicing and credit risk, and (ii) recent observable market trades from similar loans, adjusted for credit risk and other individual loan characteristics. Loans held for sale for which there is little to no observable trading activity of similar instruments are valued using Level 3 measurements based upon internal models using assumptions at the measurement date that a market participant would use.

IRLCs: The fair value of IRLCs is based on current market prices of securities backed by similar mortgage loans (as determined above under mortgage loans held for sale), net of costs to close the loans, subject to the estimated loan funding probability, or “pull-through factor”. Given the significant and unobservable nature of the pull-through factor, IRLCs are classified as Level 3.

MSRs: The fair value of MSRs is determined using an internal valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated net future cash flows. The model includes estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rate, cost to service, float earnings and contractual servicing fee income, among others. MSRs are classified as Level 3.

Forward commitments: The Company’s forward commitments are valued based on quoted prices for similar assets in an active market with inputs that are observable and are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

Investment securities: Investment securities are trading debt securities that are recorded at fair value using observable market prices for similar securities or identical securities that are traded in less active markets, which are classified as Level 2 and include highly rated municipal, government and corporate bonds.

Non-mortgage loans held for sale: Non-mortgage loans held for sale are personal loans. The fair value of non-mortgage loans is determined using an internal valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated net future cash flows. Non-mortgage loans are classified as Level 3.

Assets and Liabilities of the consolidated CFE: Assets and liabilities represent non-mortgage loans and investment debt certificates at the consolidated CFE, respectively. The Company has elected the fair value option and to measure both the assets and liabilities of the consolidated CFE using the more observable of the fair value of the financial assets or the fair value of the financial liabilities. The Company determined inputs to the fair value measurement of the financial assets to be more observable. The fair value of the assets and liabilities of the consolidated CFE are determined using an internal valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated net future cash flows and are classified as Level 3. The net equity in the consolidated CFE represents the fair value of the Company’s beneficial interest in the entity.
v3.25.0.1
Business, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. We maintain our bank accounts with a relatively small number of high-quality financial institutions.

Restricted cash as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 consisted of cash on deposit for a repurchase facility, client application deposits, title premiums collected from the insured that are due to the underwriter, and principal and interest received in collection accounts for purchased assets. In 2022, the Company also had a $25,000 bond, which was redeemed as of December 31, 2023.
December 31,
202420232022
Cash and cash equivalents$1,272,853 $1,108,466 $722,293 
Restricted cash16,468 28,366 66,806 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the statement of cash flows
$1,289,321 $1,136,832 $789,099 
Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. We maintain our bank accounts with a relatively small number of high-quality financial institutions.

Restricted cash as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 consisted of cash on deposit for a repurchase facility, client application deposits, title premiums collected from the insured that are due to the underwriter, and principal and interest received in collection accounts for purchased assets. In 2022, the Company also had a $25,000 bond, which was redeemed as of December 31, 2023.
December 31,
202420232022
Cash and cash equivalents$1,272,853 $1,108,466 $722,293 
Restricted cash16,468 28,366 66,806 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the statement of cash flows
$1,289,321 $1,136,832 $789,099 
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Schedule of Financial Statement Items Measured at Estimated Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The table below shows a summary of financial statement items that are measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis, including assets measured under the fair value option. There were no material transfers of assets or liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis between Levels 1, 2 or 3 during the years ended December 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Balance at December 31, 2024
Assets:
Mortgage loans held for sale (1)
$ $8,778,087 $242,089 $9,020,176 
IRLCs  103,101 103,101 
MSRs  7,633,371 7,633,371 
Forward commitments 89,332  89,332 
Investment securities (2)
 40,841  40,841 
Non-mortgage loans held for sale (2)
  261,702 261,702 
Assets of the consolidated CFE (3)
  112,238 112,238 
Total assets$ $8,908,260 $8,352,501 $17,260,761 
Liabilities:
Forward commitments$ $11,209 $ $11,209 
Liabilities of the consolidated CFE (3)
  92,650 92,650 
Total liabilities$ $11,209 $92,650 $103,859 
Balance at December 31, 2023
Assets:
Mortgage loans held for sale (1)
$— $6,103,714 $438,518 $6,542,232 
IRLCs— — 132,870 132,870 
MSRs— — 6,439,787 6,439,787 
Forward commitments— 26,614 — 26,614 
Investment securities (2)
— 39,518 — 39,518 
Non-mortgage loans held for sale (2)
— — 163,018 163,018 
Total assets$— $6,169,846 $7,174,193 $13,344,039 
Liabilities:
Forward commitments$— $142,988 $— $142,988 
Total liabilities$— $142,988 $— $142,988 

(1)    As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $114.5 million and $195.6 million of unpaid principal balance of the level 3 mortgage loans held for sale were 90 days or more delinquent and were considered in non-accrual status. The fair value of these level 3 mortgage loans held for sale was $99.7 million and $166.1 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

(2)    Included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3)    Asset and Liabilities of the consolidated CFE are included in Other assets and Other liabilities, respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. These financial instruments transferred into Level 3 during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Schedule of Quantitative Information About Fair Value Measurements of Level 3 Financial Instruments
The following tables present the quantitative information about material recurring Level 3 fair value financial instruments and the fair value measurements as of:
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Unobservable InputRangeWeighted AverageRangeWeighted Average
Mortgage loans held for sale
Model pricing
69% - 104%
89 %
68% - 100%
87%
IRLCs
Pull-through probability
0% - 100%
73 %
0% - 100%
72%
MSRs
Discount rate
9.5% - 12.5%
9.9 %
9.5% - 12.5%
9.9%
Conditional prepayment rate
6.7% - 21.8%
7.6 %
6.6% - 37.0%
7.5%
Non-mortgage loans held for sale
Discount rate
0% - 9.3%
7.6 %
8.5% - 9.3%
8.6%
Assets and Liabilities of the consolidated CFE
Discount rate
8.0% - 8.0%
8.0 %
N/A
N/A
Schedule of Reconciliation of Level 3 Assets
The table below presents a reconciliation of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Mortgage servicing rights are also classified as a Level 3 asset measured at fair value on a recurring basis and its reconciliation is found in Note 3, Mortgage Servicing Rights.

Mortgage
Loans
Held for Sale
IRLCs
Non-Mortgage Loans
Held for Sale
Assets of the consolidated CFE
Liabilities of the consolidated CFE
Balance at December 31, 2023
$438,518 $132,870 $163,018 $ $ 
Transfers in (1)
418,274  280,655 128,314 107,456 
Transfers out/principal reductions (1)
(605,132) (169,835)(15,835)(14,806)
Net transfers and revaluation losses
 (29,769)   
Total losses included in net income (loss) for assets held at the end of the reporting date
(9,571) (12,136)(241) 
Balance at December 31, 2024
$242,089 $103,101 $261,702 $112,238 $92,650 
Balance at December 31, 2022
$1,082,730 $90,635 $— $— $— 
Transfers in (1)
714,213 — 168,573 — — 
Transfers out/principal reductions (1)
(1,274,893)— — — — 
Net transfers and revaluation gains
— 42,235 — — — 
Total losses included in net income (loss) for assets held at the end of the reporting date
(83,532)— (5,555)— — 
Balance at December 31, 2023
$438,518 $132,870 $163,018 $— $— 

(1)    Transfers in represent loans repurchased from investors or loans originated for which an active market currently does not exist. Transfers out primarily represent loans sold or transferred to third parties and loans paid in full.
Schedule of Fair Value Option for Mortgage Loans Held For Sale
The following is the estimated fair value and UPB of mortgage and non-mortgage loans held for sale that have contractual principal amounts and for which the Company has elected the fair value option. The fair value option was elected for mortgage and non-mortgage loans held for sale as the Company believes fair value best reflects their expected future economic performance:
Fair ValuePrincipal Amount Due Upon Maturity
Difference (1)
Balance at December 31, 2024
Mortgage loans held for sale$9,020,176 $8,889,199 $130,977 
Non-mortgage loans held for sale$261,702 $268,877 $(7,175)
Balance at December 31, 2023
Mortgage loans held for sale$6,542,232 $6,418,082 $124,150 
Non-mortgage loans held for sale$163,018 $168,573 $(5,555)

(1)    Represents the amount of gains (losses) included in Gain on sale of loans, net for Mortgage loans held for sale and Other income for Non-mortgage loans held for sale on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss), due to changes in fair value of items accounted for using the fair value option.
Schedule of Liabilities not Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring or Nonrecurring Basis
The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair value of financial liabilities that are not recorded at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. This table excludes Cash and cash equivalents, Restricted cash, Loans subject to repurchase right from Ginnie Mae, Funding facilities and Other financing facilities as these financial instruments are highly liquid or short-term in nature and as a result, their carrying amounts approximate fair value:

December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Carrying AmountEstimated Fair ValueCarrying AmountEstimated Fair Value
Senior Notes, due 10/15/2026$1,146,001 $1,091,385 $1,143,716 $1,064,520 
Senior Notes, due 1/15/202861,596 58,912 61,463 60,469 
Senior Notes, due 3/1/2029745,823 680,295 744,819 679,455 
Senior Notes, due 3/1/20311,241,663 1,093,100 1,240,311 1,105,088 
Senior Notes, due 10/15/2033843,843 708,195 843,139 725,458 
Total Senior Notes, net$4,038,926 $3,631,887 $4,033,448 $3,634,990 
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Servicing Rights (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]  
Schedule of Changes to MSR Assets
The following table summarizes changes to the MSR assets:
Year Ended December 31,
20242023
Fair value, beginning of period$6,439,787 $6,946,940 
MSRs originated1,330,216 1,092,332 
MSRs sales(305,212)(1,016,745)
MSRs purchases760,174 103,115 
Changes in fair value (1):
Due to changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions210,881 44,971 
Due to collection/realization of cash flows(802,475)(730,826)
Total changes in fair value(591,594)(685,855)
Fair value, end of period$7,633,371 $6,439,787 

(1)    Reflects changes in market interest rates and assumptions, including discount rates and prepayment speeds, and the gains or losses on sales of MSRs during the period. It does not include the change in fair value of derivatives that economically hedge MSRs identified for sale or the effects of contractual prepayment protection resulting from sales or purchases of MSRs.
Schedule of Assumptions Used to Determine Fair Value of MSRs
The following is a summary of the weighted average discount rate and prepayment speed assumptions used to determine the fair value of MSRs as well as the expected life of the loans in the servicing portfolio:

December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Discount rate9.9 %9.9 %
Prepayment speeds7.6 %7.5 %
Life (in years)7.827.83
Schedule of Discount Rate and Prepayment Speeds at Two Different Data Points
The following sensitivity analysis shows the potential impact on the fair value of the Company’s MSRs based on hypothetical changes in key assumptions, including the discount rate and prepayment speeds:

Discount RatePrepayment Speeds
100 BPS Adverse Change200 BPS Adverse Change10% Adverse Change20% Adverse Change
December 31, 2024
Mortgage servicing rights
$(332,019)$(636,988)$(202,607)$(416,387)
December 31, 2023
Mortgage servicing rights$(279,493)$(536,573)$(183,254)$(356,871)
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Schedule of Reconciliation of Changes in Mortgage Loans Held for Sale Below is a roll forward of the activity in mortgage loans held for sale:
Year Ended December 31,
20242023
Balance at the beginning of period$6,542,232 $7,343,475 
Disbursements of mortgage loans held for sale100,480,868 78,280,730 
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held for sale(99,491,927)(80,188,850)
Gain on sale of mortgage loans excluding fair value of other financial instruments, net (1)
1,489,003 1,106,877 
Balance at the end of period
$9,020,176 $6,542,232 

(1)    The Gain on sale of loans excluding fair value of MSRs, net on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows includes income related to interest rate lock commitments, forward commitments and provision for investor reserves.
v3.25.0.1
Property and Equipment (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Schedule of Property and Equipment Property and equipment consist of the following:
December 31,
20242023
Office furniture, equipment and technology
$297,583 $294,754 
Leasehold improvements264,583 261,304 
Internally-developed software252,676 201,842 
Projects-in-process19,258 29,152 
Total cost$834,100 $787,052 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(620,252)(536,196)
Total property and equipment, net$213,848 $250,856 
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Funding Facilities
Funding Facilities
Facility TypeCollateralMaturityLine AmountCommitted Line Amount
Outstanding Balance as of
 December 31, 2024
Outstanding Balance as of
 December 31, 2023
Mortgage Loan Funding:
1) Master Repurchase Agreement (1)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
11/24/2026$1,000,000 $100,000 $406,484 $397,265 
2) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
8/1/20261,000,000 — 10,853 429,976 
3) Master Repurchase Agreement (2)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
10/27/20251,500,000 250,000 252,133 552,079 
4) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
10/1/20262,500,000 250,000 601,904 547,016 
5) Master Repurchase Agreement (3)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
12/10/20261,500,000 250,000 106,686 106,063 
6) Master Repurchase Agreement (4)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
N/AN/AN/A 241,574 
7) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
10/2/2026800,000 100,000 764,342 507,302 
8) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
12/23/20261,500,000 100,000 1,400,097 — 
9) Master Repurchase Agreement (5)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
5/29/20262,000,000 250,000 1,015,035 — 
10) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
6/12/2026750,000 — 730,410 — 
11) Master Repurchase Agreement (11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
10/2/20261,000,000 200,000 566,905 — 
$13,550,000 $1,500,000 $5,854,849 $2,781,275 
Mortgage Loan Early Funding:
12) Early Funding Facility (6)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
(6)
$5,000,000 — $402,462 $286,594 
13) Early Funding Facility (7)(11)
Mortgage loans held for sale (10)
(7)
2,000,000 — 290,475 183,414 
$7,000,000 $— $692,937 $470,008 
Total Mortgage Funding Facilities$20,550,000 $1,500,000 $6,547,786 $3,251,283 
Personal Loan Funding:
14) Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (8)(11)
Personal loans held for sale
1/30/2025$175,000 $175,000 $160,400 $116,100 
15) Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (9)
Personal loans held for sale
N/AN/AN/AN/AN/A
Total Funding Facilities$20,725,000 $1,675,000 $6,708,186 $3,367,383 

(1)    This facility also includes a $150,000 sublimit for early buy out financing; capacity is fully fungible and is not restricted by these allocations.
(2)    This facility has a 12-month initial term, which can be extended for 3-months at each subsequent 3-month anniversary from the initial start date. Subsequent to December 31, 2024 this facility was extended to January 26, 2026.

(3)    This facility includes a $1,500,000 sublimit for MSR financing. Capacity is fully fungible and is not restricted by these allocations.

(4)    This facility was voluntarily paid off and terminated in August 2024.

(5)    This facility is a sublimit of Early Buyout Financing Facility 6, found below in Financing Facilities. Refer to Subfootnote 3, Financing Facilities for additional details regarding this facility.

(6)    This facility is an evergreen agreement with no stated termination or expiration date. This agreement can be terminated by either party upon written notice.

(7)    This facility will be reviewed every 90 days. This facility is an evergreen agreement with no stated termination or expiration date. This agreement can be terminated by either party upon written notice.

(8)    Subsequent to December 31, 2024, this facility entered into its amortization period with a final maturity date of July 17, 2025.

(9)    Subsequent to December 31, 2024, a new facility was closed. The new facility has an overall line size of $150,000, is fully committed, and has a maturity date of August 19, 2027.

(10)    The Company has multiple borrowing facilities in the form of asset sales under agreements to repurchase. These borrowing facilities are secured by mortgage loans held for sale at fair value as the first priority security interest.
(11)    The interest rates charged by lenders of the funding facilities included the applicable base rate plus a spread ranging from 1.00% to 1.80%, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Schedule of Other Financing Facilities
Financing Facilities
Facility TypeCollateralMaturityLine AmountCommitted Line Amount
Outstanding Balance as of December 31, 2024
Outstanding Balance as of December 31, 2023
Line of Credit Financing Facilities
1) Unsecured line of credit (1)
7/27/2025$2,000,000 $— $ $— 
2) Unsecured line of credit (1)
7/31/2025100,000 —  — 
3) Revolving credit facility (5)
7/2/20271,150,000 1,150,000  — 
4) MSR line of credit (5)
MSRs11/7/2025500,000 —  — 
5) MSR line of credit (2)(5)
MSRs12/10/20261,500,000 250,000  — 
$5,250,000 $1,400,000 $ $— 
Early Buyout Financing Facility
6) Early buy out facility (3)(5)
Loans/ Advances5/29/2026$2,000,000 $250,000 $92,949 $203,208 
7) Early buy out facility (4)(5)
Loans/ Advances11/24/2026150,000 100,000  — 
$2,150,000 $350,000 $92,949 $203,208 

(1)    Refer to Note 7, Transactions with Related Parties for additional details regarding this unsecured line of credit.

(2)    This facility is a sublimit of Master Repurchase Agreement 5, found above in Funding Facilities. Refer to subfootnote 3, Funding Facilities for additional details regarding this financing facility.
(3)    This facility includes a $2,000,000 sublimit for newly originated mortgage loans held for sale. Capacity is fully fungible and not restricted by these allocations.

(4)    This facility is a sublimit of Master Repurchase Agreement 1, found above in Funding Facilities. Refer to subfootnote 1, Funding Facilities for additional details regarding this financing facility.

(5)    The interest rates charged by lenders on the other funding facilities included the applicable base rate, plus a spread ranging from 1.45% to 3.25% for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 1.45% to 4.00% for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Schedule of Unsecured Senior Notes
Unsecured Senior Notes
Facility TypeMaturityInterest Rate
Outstanding Principal as of December 31, 2024
Outstanding Principal as of December 31, 2023
Unsecured Senior Notes (1)
10/15/20262.875 %$1,150,000 $1,150,000 
Unsecured Senior Notes (2)
1/15/20285.250 %61,985 61,985 
Unsecured Senior Notes (3)
3/1/20293.625 %750,000 750,000 
Unsecured Senior Notes (4)
3/1/20313.875 %1,250,000 1,250,000 
Unsecured Senior Notes (5)
10/15/20334.000 %850,000 850,000 
Total Senior Notes
$4,061,985 $4,061,985 
Weighted Average Interest Rate3.59 %3.59 %

(1)    The 2026 Senior Notes are unsecured obligation notes with no requirement to pledge collateral for this borrowing. Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts are presented net against the Senior Notes reducing the $1,150,000 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $3,999 and $6,284, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. At any time on or after October 15, 2023, the Company may redeem the note at its option, in whole or in part, upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices set forth below.
YearPercentage
2025 and thereafter100.000 %

(2)    The 2028 Senior Notes are unsecured obligation notes with no requirement to pledge collateral for this borrowing. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we purchased $948,015 of the outstanding principal amount of the 2028 Senior Notes in a Tender Offer and Consent Solicitation. Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts are presented net against the Senior Notes reducing the $61,985 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $212 and $177 as of December 31, 2024, respectively and reducing the $61,985 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $285 and $237, as of December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company may redeem the notes at its option, in whole or in part, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days' notice, at the redemption prices equal to the percentage of principal amount set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to but excluding the redemption date, in cash, if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on January 15 in the years indicated below.
YearPercentage
2025100.875 %
2026 and thereafter100.000 %
(3)    The 2029 Senior Notes are unsecured obligation notes with no requirement to pledge collateral for this borrowing. Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts are presented net against the Senior Notes reducing the $750,000 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $4,177 and $5,181, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. At any time on or after March 1, 2024, the Company may redeem the note at its option, in whole or in part, upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices set forth below.
YearPercentage
2025100.906 %
2026 and thereafter100.000 %

(4)    The 2031 Senior Notes are unsecured obligation notes with no requirement to pledge collateral for this borrowing. Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts are presented net against the Senior Notes reducing the $1,250,000 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $8,337 and $9,689 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Prior to March 1, 2026 the Company may redeem the notes at its option, in whole or in part upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount redeemed, plus a “make whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest. At any time on or after March 1, 2026, the Company may redeem the note at its option, in whole or in part, upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices set forth below.

YearPercentage
2026101.938 %
2027101.292 %
2028100.646 %
2029 and thereafter100.000 %

(5)    The 2033 Senior Notes are unsecured obligation notes with no requirement to pledge collateral for this borrowing. Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts are presented net against the Senior Notes reducing the $850,000 carrying amount on the Consolidated Balance Sheets by $6,157 and $6,861, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Prior to October 15, 2027 the Company may redeem the notes at its option, in whole or in part upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount redeemed, plus a “make whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest. At any time on or after October 15, 2027, the Company may redeem the note at its option, in whole or in part, upon not less than 10 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices set forth below.
YearPercentage
2027102.000 %
2028101.333 %
2029100.667 %
2030 and thereafter100.000 %
Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Unsecured Senior Notes
The following table outlines the contractual maturities (by unpaid principal balance) of unsecured senior notes (excluding interest and debt discount) for the years ended.

YearAmount
2025$— 
20261,150,000 
2027— 
202861,985 
2029750,000 
Thereafter2,100,000 
Total$4,061,985 
v3.25.0.1
Leases (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Lease Expense and Supplemental Cash Flow Information
The components of lease expense for the years ended:
December 31,
20242023
Operating Lease Cost:
Fixed lease expense$76,486 $81,172 
Variable lease expense (1)
10,204 10,981 
Total operating lease cost $86,690 $92,153 

(1)    Variable lease payments are expensed in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred. These variable lease costs are payments that vary in amount beyond commencement date, for reasons other than passage of time. The Company’s variable payments mainly include common area maintenance and building utility fees.

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the years ended:
December 31,
20242023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases$84,037 $87,348 
Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Related to Leases
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases for the year ended:
December 31,
20242023
Operating Leases:
Total lease right-of-use assets$281,770 $347,696 
Total lease liabilities$319,296 $393,882 
Weighted average lease term 5.0 years5.2 years
Weighted average discount rate4.98 %4.23 %
Schedule of Maturities of Lease Liabilities
Maturities of lease liabilities for the year ended:

Operating Leases:
2025$75,833 
202681,871 
202776,653 
202859,372 
202930,022 
Thereafter46,116 
Total lease payments$369,867 
Less imputed interest50,571 
Total$319,296 
v3.25.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
The following table summarizes changes to the carrying value of intangible assets:

December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Definite-lived
intangible assets
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Customer relationships$90,868 $28,532 $62,336 $90,877 $19,623 $71,254 
Developed technology54,507 47,395 7,112 56,213 35,081 21,132 
Other22,024 6,097 15,927 7,038 4,801 2,237 
Total$167,399 $82,024 $85,375 $154,128 $59,505 $94,623 
Indefinite-lived
intangible assets
Title insurance assets$5,850 $ $5,850 $5,850 $— $5,850 
Total intangible assets$173,249 $82,024 $91,225 $159,978 $59,505 $100,473 
Schedule of Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
The following table summarizes changes to the carrying value of intangible assets:

December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Definite-lived
intangible assets
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Customer relationships$90,868 $28,532 $62,336 $90,877 $19,623 $71,254 
Developed technology54,507 47,395 7,112 56,213 35,081 21,132 
Other22,024 6,097 15,927 7,038 4,801 2,237 
Total$167,399 $82,024 $85,375 $154,128 $59,505 $94,623 
Indefinite-lived
intangible assets
Title insurance assets$5,850 $ $5,850 $5,850 $— $5,850 
Total intangible assets$173,249 $82,024 $91,225 $159,978 $59,505 $100,473 
Schedule of Estimated Aggregate Amortization Expense of Intangible Assets
The following table outlines the estimated aggregate amortization expense of intangible assets for the years ended.

YearAmount
2025$13,058 
2026$12,750 
2027$11,836 
2028$11,450 
2029$10,455 
v3.25.0.1
Other Assets (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Other Assets
Other assets consist of the following:
December 31,
20242023
Mortgage production related receivables$553,537 $472,330 
Non-mortgage loans held for sale261,702 163,018 
Assets of the consolidated CFE112,238 — 
Prepaid expenses105,031 99,105 
Non-production-related receivables65,236 20,758 
Ginnie Mae buyouts52,204 50,211 
Disbursement funds advanced46,913 59,155 
Investment securities40,841 39,518 
Real estate owned2,786 1,534 
Margin call receivables from counterparties 66,598 
Other89,924 42,795 
Total other assets$1,330,412$1,015,022
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Income (Loss) before Income Taxes and Noncontrolling interest
Income (loss) before income taxes consists of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
U.S.$689,512 $(380,052)$763,400 
Canada(21,460)(22,845)(21,489)
Total Income (loss) before income taxes
$668,052 $(402,897)$741,911 
Schedule of Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes consists of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Current
U.S. Federal$2,519 $3,286 $4,669 
State and local345 1,268 575 
Canada
8 410 560 
Total current$2,872 $4,964 $5,804 
Deferred
U.S. Federal$7,891 $(8,559)$3,671 
State and local21,649 (9,159)32,659 
Canada(188)(63)(156)
Total deferred$29,352 $(17,781)$36,174 
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes
$32,224 $(12,817)$41,978 
Schedule of Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
The reconciliation of the U.S. Federal statutory corporate income tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate consists of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
U.S. Federal statutory tax rate21.00 %21.00 %21.00 %
Income/loss attributable to non-controlling interest
(20.26)(12.21)(23.77)
State and local taxes, net of U.S. Federal tax benefit2.70 1.57 3.70 
Valuation allowance1.69 (5.01)3.15 
Nondeductible expenses1.19 (1.90)1.21 
Share-based compensation
(1.81)(0.49)0.48 
Other0.31 0.22 (0.11)
Effective tax rate4.82 %3.18 %5.66 %
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities The Company’s deferred tax assets (liabilities) arise from the following components of temporary differences and carryforwards:
December 31,
20242023
Investment in partnership$464,276 $484,519 
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards207,004 172,818 
Other deferred tax assets and liabilities, net
(8,704)(20,678)
Valuation allowance(158,197)(102,069)
Net deferred tax assets$504,379 $534,590 

Deferred income taxes are presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets based on their tax jurisdictions as follows:
December 31,
20242023
Deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance$521,824 $550,149 
Deferred tax liability (included in Other liabilities)(17,445)(15,559)
Net deferred tax asset$504,379 $534,590 
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Net Hedging Gains
Net hedging gains were as follows:
Year ended December 31,
202420232022
Hedging gains (1)
$233,595 $161,254 $2,577,902 

(1)    Includes the change in fair value related to derivatives economically hedging MSRs identified for sale.
Schedule of Notional and Fair Values of Derivative Financial Instruments
The notional and fair values of derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments were as follows:

Notional ValueDerivative AssetDerivative Liability
Balance at December 31, 2024
IRLCs, net of loan funding probability (1)
$5,094,135 $103,101 $ 
Forward commitments (2)
$12,826,939 $89,332 $11,209 
Balance at December 31, 2023
IRLCs, net of loan funding probability (1)
$4,728,040 $132,870 $— 
Forward commitments (2)
$9,650,041 $26,614 $142,988 

(1)    IRLCs are also discussed in Note 14, Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees.

(2)    Includes the fair value and net notional value related to derivatives economically hedging MSRs identified for sale.
Schedule of Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets Subject to Master Netting Agreements The table below presents the gross amounts of recognized assets and liabilities subject to master netting agreements. Margin cash is cash that is exchanged by counterparties to be held as collateral related to these derivative financial instruments. Margin cash held on behalf of counterparties is recorded in Cash and cash equivalents and the related liability is classified in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Margin cash pledged to counterparties is excluded from Cash and cash equivalents and instead recorded in Other assets as a margin call receivable from counterparties in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company had zero and $66,598 of margin cash pledged to counterparties related to these forward commitments at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023 there was $63,377 and $250 of margin cash held on behalf of counterparties, respectively.
Gross Amount of Recognized Assets or LiabilitiesGross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Net Amounts Presented in the
 Consolidated Balance Sheets
Offsetting of Derivative Assets
Balance at December 31, 2024
Forward commitments$117,730 $(28,398)$89,332 
Balance at December 31, 2023
Forward commitments$37,647 $(11,033)$26,614 
Offsetting of Derivative Liabilities
Balance at December 31, 2024
Forward commitments$(13,487)$2,278 $(11,209)
Balance at December 31, 2023
Forward commitments$(174,545)$31,557 $(142,988)
Schedule of Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities Subject to Master Netting Agreements The table below presents the gross amounts of recognized assets and liabilities subject to master netting agreements. Margin cash is cash that is exchanged by counterparties to be held as collateral related to these derivative financial instruments. Margin cash held on behalf of counterparties is recorded in Cash and cash equivalents and the related liability is classified in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Margin cash pledged to counterparties is excluded from Cash and cash equivalents and instead recorded in Other assets as a margin call receivable from counterparties in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company had zero and $66,598 of margin cash pledged to counterparties related to these forward commitments at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023 there was $63,377 and $250 of margin cash held on behalf of counterparties, respectively.
Gross Amount of Recognized Assets or LiabilitiesGross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Net Amounts Presented in the
 Consolidated Balance Sheets
Offsetting of Derivative Assets
Balance at December 31, 2024
Forward commitments$117,730 $(28,398)$89,332 
Balance at December 31, 2023
Forward commitments$37,647 $(11,033)$26,614 
Offsetting of Derivative Liabilities
Balance at December 31, 2024
Forward commitments$(13,487)$2,278 $(11,209)
Balance at December 31, 2023
Forward commitments$(174,545)$31,557 $(142,988)
v3.25.0.1
Commitments, Contingencies, and Guarantees (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of IRLC Unpaid Principal Balance
The UPB of IRLCs was as follows:
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Fixed RateVariable RateFixed RateVariable Rate
IRLCs$6,562,026 $393,175 $6,317,330 $258,045 
Schedule of Investor Reserves Activity
The following presents the activity in the investor reserves:
Year Ended December 31,
20242023
Balance at beginning of period$92,389 $110,147 
Provision for investor reserves36,248 112,372 
Realized losses(28,639)(130,130)
Balance at end of period$99,998 $92,389 
v3.25.0.1
Segments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Schedule of Key Operating Data for Business Segments
Key operating data for our business segments for the years ended:

Year Ended December 31, 2024
Direct to ConsumerPartner NetworkSegments Total
All Other (1)
Total
Revenues
Gain on sale of loans, net
$2,362,879 $605,373 $2,968,252 $44,661 $3,012,913 
Interest income223,826 189,333 413,159  413,159 
Interest expense on funding facilities(170,844)(144,749)(315,593) (315,593)
Servicing fee income1,456,348  1,456,348 5,825 1,462,173 
Changes in fair value of MSRs(578,681) (578,681) (578,681)
Other income599,019 19,871 618,890 487,937 1,106,827 
Total U.S. GAAP Revenue, net3,892,547 669,828 4,562,375 538,423 5,100,798 
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges)
(199,188) (199,188) (199,188)
Adjusted revenue
3,693,359 669,828 4,363,187 538,423 4,901,610 
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits1,065,202 196,831 1,262,033 178,586 1,440,619 
General and administrative expenses279,141 25,278 304,419 60,456 364,875 
Marketing and advertising expenses653,132 9,327 662,459 160,615 823,074 
Other expenses145,573 8,880 154,453 4,818 159,271 
Total directly attributable expenses
2,143,048 240,316 2,383,364 404,475 2,787,839 
Contribution margin$1,550,311 $429,512 $1,979,823 $133,948 $2,113,771 

Year Ended December 31, 2023
Direct to ConsumerPartner NetworkSegments Total
All Other (1)
Total
Revenues
Gain on sale of loans, net
$1,660,038 $371,392 $2,031,430 $34,862 $2,066,292 
Interest income182,097 145,351 327,448 — 327,448 
Interest expense on funding facilities(114,447)(91,793)(206,240)(348)(206,588)
Servicing fee income1,396,639 — 1,396,639 5,141 1,401,780 
Changes in fair value of MSRs(700,982)— (700,982)— (700,982)
Other income565,882 13,902 579,784 331,535 911,319 
Total U.S. GAAP Revenue, net2,989,227 438,852 3,428,079 371,190 3,799,269 
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges)
(29,007)— (29,007)— (29,007)
Adjusted revenue
2,960,220 438,852 3,399,072 371,190 3,770,262 
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits1,014,178 200,958 1,215,136 179,289 1,394,425 
General and administrative expenses189,294 21,477 210,771 16,399 227,170 
Marketing and advertising expenses601,841 10,309 612,150 123,047 735,197 
Other expenses118,960 7,658 126,618 8,793 135,411 
Total directly attributable expenses1,924,273 240,402 2,164,675 327,528 2,492,203 
Contribution margin$1,035,947 $198,450 $1,234,397 $43,662 $1,278,059 
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Direct to ConsumerPartner NetworkSegments Total
All Other (1)
Total
Revenues
Gain on sale of loans, net
$2,573,970 $540,234 $3,114,204 $23,213 $3,137,417 
Interest income222,621 125,034 347,655 2,936 350,591 
Interest expense on funding facilities(106,561)(59,818)(166,379)(9)(166,388)
Servicing fee income1,455,121 — 1,455,121 3,516 1,458,637 
Changes in fair value of MSRs185,036 — 185,036 — 185,036 
Other income449,813 33,163 482,976 390,224 873,200 
Total U.S. GAAP Revenue, net4,780,000 638,613 5,418,613 419,880 5,838,493 
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions, (net of hedges)
(1,210,947)— (1,210,947)— (1,210,947)
Adjusted revenue
3,569,053 638,613 4,207,666 419,880 4,627,546 
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits1,310,069 276,756 1,586,825 242,334 1,829,159 
General and administrative expenses208,867 40,923 249,790 24,060 273,850 
Marketing and advertising expenses808,822 33,449 842,271 101,798 944,069 
Other expenses190,092 11,189 201,281 (9,118)192,163 
Total directly attributable expenses2,517,850 362,317 2,880,167 359,074 3,239,241 
Contribution margin$1,051,203 $276,296 $1,327,499 $60,806 $1,388,305 
(1)    All Other includes certain intercompany eliminations, as a portion of expense generated through intercompany transactions is allocated to our segments.
Schedule of Reconciliation of Segment Contribution Margin to Combined U.S. GAAP Income (Loss) Before Taxes
The following table represents a reconciliation of segment contribution margin to consolidated U.S. GAAP Income (loss) before income taxes for the years ended:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Contribution margin, excluding change in MSRs due to valuation assumptions$2,113,771 $1,278,059 $1,388,305 
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges)
199,188 29,007 1,210,947 
Contribution margin, including change in MSRs due to valuation assumptions2,312,959 1,307,066 2,599,252 
Less expenses not allocated to segments:
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits820,626 862,864 968,709 
General and administrative expenses528,279 575,696 632,344 
Depreciation and amortization112,917 110,271 94,020 
Interest and amortization expense on non-funding debt153,637 153,386 153,596 
Other expenses29,448 7,746 8,672 
Income (loss) before income taxes
$668,052 $(402,897)$741,911 
v3.25.0.1
Non-controlling Interest (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]  
Schedule of Non-controlling Interest The following table summarizes the ownership of Holdings Units in Holdings as of:
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Holdings
 Units
Ownership
 Percentage
Holdings
 Units
Ownership
 Percentage
Rocket Companies, Inc.'s ownership of Holdings Units146,028,193 7.32 %135,814,173 6.84 %
Holdings Units held by our Chairman1,101,822 0.06 %1,101,822 0.06 %
Holdings Units held by RHI1,847,777,661 92.62 %1,847,777,661 93.10 %
Balance at end of period1,994,907,676 100.00 %1,984,693,656 100.00 %
v3.25.0.1
Share-based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Schedule of Stock Option Activity The Stock Options activity for the period from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2024 was as follows:
Number of
Stock Options
Weighted Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Remaining Contractual TermAggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021
24,500,416$18.01 8.6 years$— 
Granted60,0008.38 — 
Exercised— — 
Expired1,652,40818.01 — 
Forfeited1,253,25817.99 — 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022
21,654,750$17.98 8.5 years$— 
Granted— — 
Exercised— — 
Expired4,445,09818.00 — 
Forfeited333,55217.98 — 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023
16,876,100$17.97 6.4 years$366,000 
Granted  
Exercised814,37118.00  
Expired1,489,47518.04  
Forfeited20,0008.38  
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
14,552,254$17.98 5.5 years$115,200 
Schedule of Fair Value Estimates
The Company estimates the fair value of the Stock Options at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The inputs to the Black-Scholes option pricing model are as follows:

Year Ended December 31, 2024
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Expected volatilityN/AN/A
34.0% - 36.4%
Expected dividend yieldN/AN/A1.5 %
Risk-free interest ratesN/AN/A
0.3% - 3.9%
Expected termN/AN/A5.85 years
Schedule of RSU Activity
The RSU activity for the period from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2024 was as follows:
Number of UnitsWeighted Average Grant Date Fair ValueWeighted
Average Remaining
Service Period
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021
13,357,317 $17.90 1.2 years
Granted24,382,033 13.22 — 
Vested15,199,692 15.54 — 
Forfeited1,743,308 16.37 — 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022
20,796,350 $14.28 2.1 years
Granted16,816,637 8.41 — 
Vested14,006,419 12.54 — 
Forfeited2,583,262 12.62 — 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023
21,023,306 $10.96 2.1 years
Granted13,678,351 13.44  
Vested11,144,556 11.85  
Forfeited1,664,710 11.27  
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
21,892,391 $12.02 1.8 years
Schedule of Share-based Compensation Expense
The components of share-based compensation expense included in Salaries, commissions and team member benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss) is as follows:
Year ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
Rocket Companies, Inc. sponsored plans
Restricted stock units (1)
$135,491 $156,841 $170,768 
Performance stock units (2)
4,525 — — 
Stock options (3)
52 18,940 36,583 
Team Member Stock Purchase Plan5,018 4,271 5,714 
Subtotal Rocket Companies, Inc. sponsored plans$145,086 $180,052 $213,065 
Rock Holdings, Inc sponsored plans
Restricted stock units — 14,451 
Stock options — 1,295 
Subtotal Rock Holdings, Inc. sponsored plans$ $— $15,746 
Subsidiary plans397 82 123 
Total share-based compensation expense$145,483 $180,134 $228,934 

(1)    Unrecognized compensation expense as of December 31, 2024 related to these RSUs was $214,346 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years.

(2)    Unrecognized compensation expense as of December 31, 2024 related to these PSUs was $11,032 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.2 years.

(3)    Unrecognized compensation expense as of December 31, 2024 related to these Stock Options was zero.
v3.25.0.1
Earnings Per Share (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Schedule of Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share
The following table sets forth the calculation of the basic and diluted earnings per share for the period:
Years Ended December 31,
202420232022
Net income (loss)$635,828 $(390,080)$699,933 
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interest(606,458)374,566 (653,512)
Net income (loss) attributable to Rocket Companies29,370 (15,514)46,421 
Add: Reallocation of Net income attributable to vested, undelivered stock awards — 22 
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders
$29,370 $(15,514)$46,443 
Numerator:
Net income (loss) attributable to Class A common shareholders - basic
$29,370 $(15,514)$46,443 
Add: Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to dilutive impact of pro-forma conversion of Class D shares to Class A shares (1)
 (283,042)503,007 
Add: Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards (2)
 (457)545 
Net income (loss) attributable to Class A common shareholders - diluted
$29,370 $(299,013)$549,995 
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic141,037,083128,641,762120,577,548
Add: Dilutive impact of conversion of Class D shares to Class A shares 1,848,879,4831,848,879,483
Add: Dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards (3)
 3,002,4452,163,542
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted141,037,0831,980,523,6901,971,620,573
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock outstanding - basic
$0.21 $(0.12)$0.39 
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted
$0.21 $(0.15)$0.28 

(1)    Net income (loss) calculated using the estimated annual effective tax rate of Rocket Companies, Inc.
(2)    Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 comprised of zero, $(441) and $491 related to RSUs and zero, $(16) and $54 related to TMSPP, respectively.

(3)    Dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 comprised of zero, 2,895,229 and 1,948,608 related to RSUs and zero, 107,216 and 214,934 related to TMSPP, respectively.
v3.25.0.1
Business, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 24 Months Ended
Mar. 22, 2022
$ / shares
Feb. 24, 2022
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2022
$ / shares
Dec. 31, 2024
segment
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2023
$ / shares
Nov. 11, 2024
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Nov. 11, 2022
USD ($)
Nov. 10, 2020
USD ($)
Basis of Presentation [Line Items]                
Number of operating segments | segment       2        
Share repurchase program authorization | $               $ 1,000.0
Share repurchases (in shares) | shares       0   32,100,000    
Share repurchases (in dollar per share) | $ / shares           $ 12.73    
Amount return to shareholders | $             $ 409.3  
Share repurchase program remaining availability | $           $ 590.7    
Percentage of applicable tax savings payable per tax receivable agreement       90.00%        
Percentage of applicable tax savings retained by the Company per tax receivable agreement       10.00%        
Holdings                
Basis of Presentation [Line Items]                
Management and voting interest as managing member in Holdings (percent)       100.00%        
Holdings                
Basis of Presentation [Line Items]                
Cash distribution | $   $ 2,000.0            
Class A common stock                
Basis of Presentation [Line Items]                
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares       $ 0.00001 $ 0.00001      
Common stock dividend declared (in dollars per share) | $ / shares     $ 1.01 $ 0 $ 0      
Common stock dividend paid (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 1.01              
v3.25.0.1
Business, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies - Revenue Recognition (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Subscription revenue      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contract with customer $ 266,938 $ 178,769 $ 118,344
Closing fees      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contract with customer 106,450 77,901 157,853
Appraisal revenue      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contract with customer 35,530 39,909 65,082
Real estate network referral fees      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contract with customer $ 53,548 $ 49,670 $ 48,207
v3.25.0.1
Business, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Details)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Bond  
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents Items [Line Items]  
Bond in restricted cash $ 25,000
v3.25.0.1
Business, Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]        
Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,272,853 $ 1,108,466 $ 722,293  
Restricted cash 16,468 28,366 66,806  
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the statement of cash flows $ 1,289,321 $ 1,136,832 $ 789,099 $ 2,211,597
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements - Measured at Estimated Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Assets:      
Non-mortgage loans held for sale $ 9,020,176 $ 6,542,232  
MSRs 7,633,371 6,439,787 $ 6,946,940
Liabilities:      
Derivative Liability 11,209 142,988  
Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Non-mortgage loans held for sale 9,020,176 6,542,232  
MSRs 7,633,371 6,439,787  
Total assets 17,260,761 13,344,039  
Liabilities:      
Total liabilities 103,859 142,988  
IRLCs      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 103,101 132,870  
IRLCs | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 103,101 132,870  
Forward commitments      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 89,332 26,614  
Forward commitments | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 89,332 26,614  
Liabilities:      
Derivative Liability 11,209 142,988  
Investment securities | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 40,841 39,518  
Non-mortgage loans held for sale | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 261,702 163,018  
Consolidated CFE | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 112,238    
Liabilities:      
Derivative Liability 92,650    
Level 1 | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Non-mortgage loans held for sale 0 0  
MSRs 0 0  
Total assets 0 0  
Liabilities:      
Total liabilities 0 0  
Level 1 | IRLCs | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 0 0  
Level 1 | Forward commitments | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 0 0  
Liabilities:      
Derivative Liability 0 0  
Level 1 | Investment securities | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 0 0  
Level 1 | Non-mortgage loans held for sale | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 0 0  
Level 1 | Consolidated CFE | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 0    
Liabilities:      
Derivative Liability 0    
Level 2 | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Non-mortgage loans held for sale 8,778,087 6,103,714  
MSRs 0 0  
Total assets 8,908,260 6,169,846  
Liabilities:      
Total liabilities 11,209 142,988  
Level 2 | IRLCs | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 0 0  
Level 2 | Forward commitments | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 89,332 26,614  
Liabilities:      
Derivative Liability 11,209 142,988  
Level 2 | Investment securities | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 40,841 39,518  
Level 2 | Non-mortgage loans held for sale | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 0 0  
Level 2 | Consolidated CFE | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 0    
Liabilities:      
Derivative Liability 0    
Level 3 | Financial Asset, Equal to or Greater than 90 Days Past Due      
Liabilities:      
Unpaid principal balance 114,500 195,600  
Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Non-mortgage loans held for sale 242,089 438,518  
MSRs 7,633,371 6,439,787  
Total assets 8,352,501 7,174,193  
Liabilities:      
Total liabilities 92,650 0  
Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring | Financial Asset, Equal to or Greater than 90 Days Past Due      
Liabilities:      
Unpaid principal balance 99,700 166,100  
Level 3 | IRLCs | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 103,101 132,870  
Level 3 | Forward commitments | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 0 0  
Liabilities:      
Derivative Liability 0 0  
Level 3 | Investment securities | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 0 0  
Level 3 | Non-mortgage loans held for sale | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 261,702 $ 163,018  
Level 3 | Consolidated CFE | Fair Value, Recurring      
Assets:      
Derivative Asset 112,238    
Liabilities:      
Derivative Liability $ 92,650    
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements - Quantitative Information for Level 3 Measurements (Details) - Level 3
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Minimum | Model pricing    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Mortgage loans held for sale 0.69 0.68
Minimum | Pull-through probability | IRLCs    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
IRLCs 0 0
Minimum | Discount rate    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
MSRs 0.095 0.095
Non-mortgage loans held for sale 0 0.085
Assets and Liabilities of the consolidated CFE 0.080  
Minimum | Conditional prepayment rate    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
MSRs 0.067 0.066
Maximum | Model pricing    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Mortgage loans held for sale 1.04 1
Maximum | Pull-through probability | IRLCs    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
IRLCs 1 1
Maximum | Discount rate    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
MSRs 0.125 0.125
Non-mortgage loans held for sale 0.093 0.093
Assets and Liabilities of the consolidated CFE 0.080  
Maximum | Conditional prepayment rate    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
MSRs 0.218 0.370
Weighted Average | Model pricing    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Mortgage loans held for sale 0.89 0.87
Weighted Average | Pull-through probability | IRLCs    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
IRLCs 0.73 0.72
Weighted Average | Discount rate    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
MSRs 0.099 0.099
Non-mortgage loans held for sale 0.076 0.086
Assets and Liabilities of the consolidated CFE 0.080  
Weighted Average | Conditional prepayment rate    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
MSRs 0.076 0.075
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements - Reconciliation of Level 3 Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale    
Reconciliation of Level 3 Assets:    
Beginning balance $ 438,518 $ 1,082,730
Transfers in 418,274 714,213
Transfers out/principal reductions (605,132) (1,274,893)
Net transfers and revaluation losses 0 0
Total losses included in net income (loss) for assets held at the end of the reporting date (9,571) (83,532)
Ending balance 242,089 438,518
IRLCs    
Reconciliation of Level 3 Assets:    
Beginning balance 132,870 90,635
Transfers in 0 0
Transfers out/principal reductions 0 0
Net transfers and revaluation losses (29,769) 42,235
Total losses included in net income (loss) for assets held at the end of the reporting date 0 0
Ending balance 103,101 132,870
Non-Mortgage Loans Held for Sale    
Reconciliation of Level 3 Assets:    
Beginning balance 163,018 0
Transfers in 280,655 168,573
Transfers out/principal reductions (169,835) 0
Net transfers and revaluation losses 0 0
Total losses included in net income (loss) for assets held at the end of the reporting date (12,136) (5,555)
Ending balance 261,702 163,018
Assets of the consolidated CFE    
Reconciliation of Level 3 Assets:    
Beginning balance 0 0
Transfers in 128,314 0
Transfers out/principal reductions (15,835) 0
Net transfers and revaluation losses 0 0
Total losses included in net income (loss) for assets held at the end of the reporting date (241) 0
Ending balance 112,238 0
Liabilities of the consolidated CFE    
Reconciliation of Level 3 Assets:    
Beginning balance 0 0
Transfers in 107,456 0
Transfers out/principal reductions (14,806) 0
Net transfers and revaluation losses 0 0
Total losses included in net income (loss) for assets held at the end of the reporting date 0 0
Ending balance $ 92,650 $ 0
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]    
Unrealized losses to net income   $ 1,589
Realized losses on debt securities $ 191  
Unrealized losses on debt securities $ 566  
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements - Fair Value Option for Mortgage Loans Held for Sale (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]    
Fair Value $ 9,020,176 $ 6,542,232
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale    
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]    
Fair Value 9,020,176 6,542,232
Principal Amount Due Upon Maturity 8,889,199 6,418,082
Difference 130,977 124,150
Non-mortgage loans held for sale    
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]    
Fair Value 261,702 163,018
Principal Amount Due Upon Maturity 268,877 168,573
Difference $ (7,175) $ (5,555)
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements - Liabilities not Recorded at Fair Value on Recurring or Nonrecurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Carrying Amount    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes $ 4,038,926 $ 4,033,448
Carrying Amount | 2026 Senior Notes    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes 1,146,001 1,143,716
Carrying Amount | 2028 Senior Notes    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes 61,596 61,463
Carrying Amount | 2029 Senior Notes    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes 745,823 744,819
Carrying Amount | 2031 Senior Notes    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes 1,241,663 1,240,311
Carrying Amount | 2033 Senior Notes    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes 843,843 843,139
Estimated Fair Value    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes 3,631,887 3,634,990
Estimated Fair Value | 2026 Senior Notes    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes 1,091,385 1,064,520
Estimated Fair Value | 2028 Senior Notes    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes 58,912 60,469
Estimated Fair Value | 2029 Senior Notes    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes 680,295 679,455
Estimated Fair Value | 2031 Senior Notes    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes 1,093,100 1,105,088
Estimated Fair Value | 2033 Senior Notes    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Senior Notes $ 708,195 $ 725,458
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Servicing Rights - Changes to MSR Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Changes to MSR Assets    
Fair value, beginning of period $ 6,439,787 $ 6,946,940
MSRs originated 1,330,216 1,092,332
MSRs sales (305,212) (1,016,745)
MSRs purchases 760,174 103,115
Changes in fair value:    
Due to changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions 210,881 44,971
Due to collection/realization of cash flows (802,475) (730,826)
Total changes in fair value (591,594) (685,855)
Fair value, end of period $ 7,633,371 $ 6,439,787
Servicing asset, fair value, change in fair value, other, statement of income or comprehensive income Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Servicing Rights - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]      
UPB of mortgage loans serviced $ 525,517,829 $ 468,237,971  
Delinquent loans as a percentage of total portfolio (as percent) 1.54% 1.23%  
Proceeds from sale of MSRs $ 297,884 $ 1,011,897 $ 671,917
Mortgage Servicing Rights      
Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]      
Proceeds from sale of MSRs $ 0 $ 383,694  
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Servicing Rights - Fair Value Assumptions (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]    
Discount rate 9.90% 9.90%
Prepayment speeds 7.60% 7.50%
Life (in years) 7 years 9 months 25 days 7 years 9 months 29 days
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Servicing Rights - Discount Rate and Prepayment Speeds at Two Different Data Points (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Discount Rate    
100 BPS Adverse Change $ (332,019) $ (279,493)
200 BPS Adverse Change (636,988) (536,573)
Prepayment Speeds    
10% Adverse Change (202,607) (183,254)
20% Adverse Change $ (416,387) $ (356,871)
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - Reconciliation of Changes in Mortgage Loans Held for Sale (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Loans Receivable Held-for-sale, Net, Reconciliation to Cash Flow [Roll Forward]    
Balance at the beginning of period $ 6,542,232 $ 7,343,475
Disbursements of mortgage loans held for sale 100,480,868 78,280,730
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held for sale (99,491,927) (80,188,850)
Gain on sale of mortgage loans excluding fair value of other financial instruments, net 1,489,003 1,106,877
Balance at the end of period $ 9,020,176 $ 6,542,232
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - Narrative (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Mortgage loans held for sale average holding period (in days) 45 days
v3.25.0.1
Property and Equipment - Narrative (Details) - Office furniture, equipment, computer software, and leasehold improvements
Dec. 31, 2024
Minimum  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Property and equipment useful life (in years) 3 years
Maximum  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Property and equipment useful life (in years) 7 years
v3.25.0.1
Property and Equipment - Schedule of Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total cost $ 834,100 $ 787,052
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (620,252) (536,196)
Total property and equipment, net 213,848 250,856
Office furniture, equipment and technology    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total cost 297,583 294,754
Leasehold improvements    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total cost 264,583 261,304
Internally-developed software    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total cost 252,676 201,842
Projects-in-process    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total cost $ 19,258 $ 29,152
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings - Narrative (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Mortgage loans held for sale average holding period (in days) 45 days
Funding facilities and Other financing facilities  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Commitment fees (percent) 0.50%
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings - Funding Facilities (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Mar. 03, 2025
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Total Funding Facilities $ 6,708,186,000 $ 3,367,383,000  
Mortgage Funding Facilities      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 20,550,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 1,500,000,000    
Total Funding Facilities 6,547,786,000 3,251,283,000  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | MRA funding      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 13,550,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 1,500,000,000    
Outstanding Balance 5,854,849,000 2,781,275,000  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due Nov 24 2026      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 1,000,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 100,000,000    
Outstanding Balance 406,484,000 397,265,000  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due Nov 24 2026 | Mortgages      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Committed Line Amount 150,000,000    
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due Aug 1 2026      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 1,000,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 0    
Outstanding Balance 10,853,000 429,976,000  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due Oct 27, 2025      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 1,500,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 250,000,000    
Outstanding Balance $ 252,133,000 552,079,000  
Facility term (in months) 12 months    
Extension term (in months) 3 months    
Timing option for extending facility (in months) 3 months    
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due Oct 1 2026      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount $ 2,500,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 250,000,000    
Outstanding Balance 601,904,000 547,016,000  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due Dec 10 2026      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 1,500,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 250,000,000    
Outstanding Balance 106,686,000 106,063,000  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due Dec 10 2026 | Mortgages      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Committed Line Amount 1,500,000,000    
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Terminated August 2024      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Outstanding Balance 0 241,574,000  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due Oct 2 2026      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 800,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 100,000,000    
Outstanding Balance 764,342,000 507,302,000  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due Dec 23 2026      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 1,500,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 100,000,000    
Outstanding Balance 1,400,097,000 0  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due May 29 2026      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 2,000,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 250,000,000    
Outstanding Balance 1,015,035,000 0  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due June 12 2026      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 750,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 0    
Outstanding Balance 730,410,000 0  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Master Repurchase Agreement Due Oct 2 2026      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 1,000,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 200,000,000    
Outstanding Balance 566,905,000 0  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Early Funding      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 7,000,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 0    
Early Funding Facilities 692,937,000 470,008,000  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Early Funding Facility, one      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 5,000,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 0    
Early Funding Facilities 402,462,000 286,594,000  
Mortgage Funding Facilities | Early Funding Facility, two      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 2,000,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 0    
Early Funding Facilities $ 290,475,000 183,414,000  
Timing for review of agreement (in days) 90 days    
Revolving Credit Facility and Security Agreement | Personal Loans Held for Sale Maturing Jan 30 2025      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount $ 175,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 175,000,000    
Lines of credit 160,400,000 116,100,000  
Revolving Credit Facility and Security Agreement | Personal Loans Held for Sale Maturing August 2027 | Subsequent event      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount     $ 150,000,000
Funding Facility      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Line Amount 20,725,000,000    
Committed Line Amount 1,675,000,000    
Lines of credit $ 6,708,186,000 $ 3,367,383,000  
Debt instrument, variable interest rate, type Base Rate [Member] Base Rate [Member]  
Funding Facility | Minimum      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent) 1.00% 1.00%  
Funding Facility | Maximum      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent) 1.80% 1.80%  
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings - Other Financing Facilities (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Sep. 16, 2021
Jul. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Early Buyout Financing Facilities     $ 92,949,000 $ 203,208,000
Line of Credit Financing Facilities        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Line Amount     5,250,000,000  
Committed Line Amount     1,400,000,000  
Line of Credit Financing Facilities     $ 0 $ 0
Debt instrument, variable interest rate, type     Base Rate [Member] Base Rate [Member]
Line of Credit Financing Facilities | Minimum        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent)       1.45%
Line of Credit Financing Facilities | Maximum        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent)       4.00%
Line of Credit | Unsecured line of credit, maturing Jul 27 2025, RHI | Related Party        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Line Amount $ 2,000,000,000   $ 2,000,000,000  
Committed Line Amount     0  
Line of Credit Financing Facilities     0 $ 0
Debt instrument, variable interest rate, type Base Rate [Member]      
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent) 1.25%      
Line of Credit | Unsecured line of credit, maturing Jul 31 2025, RHI | Related Party        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Line Amount   $ 100,000,000 100,000,000  
Committed Line Amount     0  
Line of Credit Financing Facilities     0 0
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent)   1.25%    
Line of Credit | MSR line of credit, maturing Nov 07 2025        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Line Amount     500,000,000  
Committed Line Amount     0  
Line of Credit Financing Facilities     0 0
Line of Credit | MSR line of credit maturing Dec 10 2026        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Line Amount     1,500,000,000  
Committed Line Amount     250,000,000  
Line of Credit Financing Facilities     0 0
Revolving Credit Facility | Revolving credit facility due Aug 10 2025        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Line Amount     1,150,000,000  
Committed Line Amount     1,150,000,000  
Line of Credit Financing Facilities     0 0
Early Buyout Financing Facility        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Line Amount     2,150,000,000  
Committed Line Amount     350,000,000  
Early Buyout Financing Facilities     $ 92,949,000 $ 203,208,000
Debt instrument, variable interest rate, type     Base Rate [Member] Base Rate [Member]
Early Buyout Financing Facility | Minimum        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent)     1.45%  
Early Buyout Financing Facility | Maximum        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent)     3.25%  
Early Buyout Financing Facility | Early Buy Out Facility Maturing May 29, 2026        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Line Amount     $ 2,000,000,000  
Committed Line Amount     250,000,000  
Early Buyout Financing Facilities     92,949,000 $ 203,208,000
Early Buyout Financing Facility | Early Buy Out Facility Maturing May 29, 2026 | Mortgages        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Committed Line Amount     2,000,000  
Early Buyout Financing Facility | Early Buy Out Facility Maturing Nov 24 2026        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Line Amount     150,000,000  
Committed Line Amount       100,000,000
Early Buyout Financing Facilities     $ 0 $ 0
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings - Unsecured Senior Notes (Details) - Unsecured Senior Notes - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Outstanding Principal $ 4,061,985 $ 4,061,985  
Weighted Average Interest Rate (as percent) 3.59% 3.59%  
2026 Senior Notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest Rate (as percent) 2.875%    
Outstanding Principal $ 1,150,000 $ 1,150,000  
Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts $ 3,999 6,284  
2026 Senior Notes | Minimum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 10 days    
2026 Senior Notes | Maximum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 60 days    
2026 Senior Notes | Redemption period one      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 100.00%    
2028 Senior Notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest Rate (as percent) 5.25%    
Outstanding Principal $ 61,985 61,985  
Purchase of debt     $ 948,015
Unamortized debt issuance costs 212 285  
Unamortized discounts $ 177 237  
2028 Senior Notes | Minimum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 30 days    
2028 Senior Notes | Maximum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 60 days    
2028 Senior Notes | Redemption period one      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 100.875%    
2028 Senior Notes | Redemption period two      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 100.00%    
2029 Senior Notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest Rate (as percent) 3.625%    
Outstanding Principal $ 750,000 750,000  
Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts $ 4,177 5,181  
Redemption period start date Mar. 01, 2024    
2029 Senior Notes | Minimum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 10 days    
2029 Senior Notes | Maximum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 60 days    
2029 Senior Notes | Redemption period one      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 100.906%    
2029 Senior Notes | Redemption period two      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 100.00%    
2031 Senior Notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest Rate (as percent) 3.875%    
Outstanding Principal $ 1,250,000 1,250,000  
Unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts   9,689  
Redemption period start date Mar. 01, 2026    
Unamortized debt issuance costs $ 8,337    
2031 Senior Notes | Minimum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 10 days    
2031 Senior Notes | Maximum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 60 days    
2031 Senior Notes | Redemption period one      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 101.938%    
2031 Senior Notes | Redemption period two      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 101.292%    
2031 Senior Notes | Redemption period three      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 100.646%    
2031 Senior Notes | Redemption period four      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 100.00%    
2031 Senior Notes | Redemption with makewhole premium      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption period end date Mar. 01, 2026    
Redemption price (as percent) 100.00%    
2031 Senior Notes | Redemption with makewhole premium | Minimum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 10 days    
2031 Senior Notes | Redemption with makewhole premium | Maximum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 60 days    
2033 Senior Notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest Rate (as percent) 4.00%    
Outstanding Principal $ 850,000 850,000  
Redemption period start date Oct. 15, 2027    
Unamortized debt issuance costs $ 6,157 $ 6,861  
2033 Senior Notes | Minimum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 10 days    
2033 Senior Notes | Maximum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 60 days    
2033 Senior Notes | Redemption period one      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 102.00%    
2033 Senior Notes | Redemption period two      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 101.333%    
2033 Senior Notes | Redemption period three      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 100.667%    
2033 Senior Notes | Redemption period four      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption price (as percent) 100.00%    
2033 Senior Notes | Redemption with makewhole premium      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption period end date Oct. 15, 2027    
Redemption price (as percent) 100.00%    
2033 Senior Notes | Redemption with makewhole premium | Minimum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 10 days    
2033 Senior Notes | Redemption with makewhole premium | Maximum      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Redemption notice period (in days) 60 days    
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings - Contractual Maturities of Unsecured Senior Notes (Details) - Unsecured Senior Notes - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Contractual Maturities of Unsecured Senior Notes    
2025 $ 0  
2026 1,150,000  
2027 0  
2028 61,985  
2029 750,000  
Thereafter 2,100,000  
Total $ 4,061,985 $ 4,061,985
v3.25.0.1
Transactions with Related Parties (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Sep. 16, 2021
Jul. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Jul. 31, 2023
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Cash paid for interest on related party borrowings     $ 1,725,000 $ 1,853,000 $ 6,408,000  
Notes receivable and due from affiliates     14,245,000 19,530,000    
Other income     1,106,827,000 911,319,000 873,200,000  
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits     2,261,245,000 2,257,291,000 2,797,868,000  
General and administrative expenses     893,154,000 802,865,000 906,195,000  
Marketing and advertising expenses     824,042,000 736,676,000 945,694,000  
Expenses incurred     74,936,000 74,241,000 74,562,000  
Amrock Title Insurance Company            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Cash paid for interest on related party borrowings     3,475,000 1,536,000    
Related Party            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Interest rate           8.00%
Interest accrued     1,725,000 1,720,000    
Other liabilities     31,280,000 31,006,000    
Other income     6,117,000 8,628,000 12,661,000  
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits     2,816,000 2,413,000 2,757,000  
General and administrative expenses     49,685,000 52,919,000 97,246,000  
Marketing and advertising expenses     10,764,000 11,926,000 $ 11,958,000  
RHI and Amrock Title Insurance Company Debenture | Related Party            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Aggregate amount due           $ 21,500,000
RHI credit agreement | Related Party            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Aggregate amount due     28,514,000 30,264,000    
Line of Credit | Unsecured line of credit, maturing Jul 27 2025, RHI            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Net payments on lines of credit     0 0    
Line of Credit | Unsecured line of credit, maturing Jul 27 2025, RHI | Related Party            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Line amount $ 2,000,000,000   2,000,000,000      
Debt instrument, variable interest rate, type Base Rate [Member]          
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent) 1.25%          
Lines of credit     0 0    
Line of Credit | Unsecured line of credit, maturing Jul 31 2025, RHI | Related Party            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Line amount   $ 100,000,000 100,000,000      
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent)   1.25%        
Lines of credit     $ 0 $ 0    
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Operating Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Lease Cost:    
Fixed lease expense $ 76,486 $ 81,172
Variable lease expense 10,204 10,981
Total operating lease cost $ 86,690 $ 92,153
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Supplemental Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:    
Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 84,037 $ 87,348
Total lease right-of-use assets 281,770 347,696
Total lease liabilities $ 319,296 $ 393,882
Weighted average lease term 5 years 5 years 2 months 12 days
Weighted average discount rate 4.98% 4.23%
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]    
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations $ 13,131 $ 50,350
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Leases:    
2025 $ 75,833  
2026 81,871  
2027 76,653  
2028 59,372  
2029 30,022  
Thereafter 46,116  
Total lease payments 369,867  
Less imputed interest 50,571  
Total lease liabilities $ 319,296 $ 393,882
v3.25.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Goodwill $ 1,100,000 $ 1,100,000  
Intangible assets, net 91,225 100,473  
Amortization expense $ 23,544 22,460 $ 24,744
Weighted Average | Customer relationships      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Weighted average amortization period (in years) 10 years    
Weighted Average | Developed technology      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Weighted average amortization period (in years) 8 years    
Weighted Average | Other      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Weighted average amortization period (in years) 15 years    
Rocket Money (formerly known as Truebill Inc)      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Intangible assets, net $ 91,200 100,500  
Direct to Consumer      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Goodwill 718,700 718,700  
All Other      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Goodwill $ 417,600 $ 417,600  
v3.25.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount $ 167,399 $ 154,128
Accumulated Amortization 82,024 59,505
Net Carrying Amount 85,375 94,623
Indefinite-lived intangible assets    
Gross Carrying Amount 173,249 159,978
Accumulated Amortization 82,024 59,505
Net Carrying Amount 91,225 100,473
Title insurance assets    
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Title insurance assets 5,850 5,850
Customer relationships    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount 90,868 90,877
Accumulated Amortization 28,532 19,623
Net Carrying Amount 62,336 71,254
Indefinite-lived intangible assets    
Accumulated Amortization 28,532 19,623
Developed technology    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount 54,507 56,213
Accumulated Amortization 47,395 35,081
Net Carrying Amount 7,112 21,132
Indefinite-lived intangible assets    
Accumulated Amortization 47,395 35,081
Other    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount 22,024 7,038
Accumulated Amortization 6,097 4,801
Net Carrying Amount 15,927 2,237
Indefinite-lived intangible assets    
Accumulated Amortization $ 6,097 $ 4,801
v3.25.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Estimated Aggregate Amortization Expense of Intangible Assets (Details)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
2025 $ 13,058
2026 12,750
2027 11,836
2028 11,450
2029 $ 10,455
v3.25.0.1
Other Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]    
Mortgage production related receivables $ 553,537 $ 472,330
Non-mortgage loans held for sale 261,702 163,018
Assets of the consolidated CFE 112,238 0
Prepaid expenses 105,031 99,105
Non-production-related receivables 65,236 20,758
Ginnie Mae buyouts 52,204 50,211
Disbursement funds advanced 46,913 59,155
Investment securities 40,841 39,518
Real estate owned 2,786 1,534
Margin call receivables from counterparties 0 66,598
Other 89,924 42,795
Total other assets $ 1,330,412 $ 1,015,022
v3.25.0.1
Team Member Benefit Plan (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]      
Discretionary matching contribution as percentage of team members' contributions 50.00%    
Annual maximum discretionary matching contribution per team member $ 2,500    
Discretionary contributions to the plan $ 24,756,000 $ 26,837,000 $ 40,664,000
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Income (loss) before income taxes      
U.S. $ 689,512 $ (380,052) $ 763,400
Canada (21,460) (22,845) (21,489)
Income (loss) before income taxes $ 668,052 $ (402,897) $ 741,911
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Components of Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Current      
U.S. Federal $ 2,519 $ 3,286 $ 4,669
State and local 345 1,268 575
Canada 8 410 560
Total current 2,872 4,964 5,804
Deferred      
U.S. Federal 7,891 (8,559) 3,671
State and local 21,649 (9,159) 32,659
Canada (188) (63) (156)
Total deferred 29,352 (17,781) 36,174
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ 32,224 $ (12,817) $ 41,978
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Income Tax Rate Reconciliation (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Rate Reconciliation      
U.S. Federal statutory tax rate 21.00% 21.00% 21.00%
Income/loss attributable to non-controlling interest (20.26%) (12.21%) (23.77%)
State and local taxes, net of U.S. Federal tax benefit 2.70% 1.57% 3.70%
Valuation allowance 1.69% (5.01%) 3.15%
Nondeductible expenses 1.19% (1.90%) 1.21%
Share-based compensation (1.81%) (0.49%) 0.48%
Other 0.31% 0.22% (0.11%)
Effective tax rate 4.82% 3.18% 5.66%
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Deferred Tax Assets (Liabilities)    
Investment in partnership $ 464,276 $ 484,519
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards 207,004 172,818
Other deferred tax assets and liabilities, net (8,704) (20,678)
Valuation allowance (158,197) (102,069)
Net deferred tax asset 504,379 534,590
Deferred tax balance in the Consolidated Balance Sheets    
Deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance 521,824 550,149
Deferred tax liability (included in Other liabilities) (17,445) (15,559)
Net deferred tax asset $ 504,379 $ 534,590
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]    
Deferred tax asset before valuation allowance $ 680,021,000 $ 652,218,000
Deferred tax liability 17,445,000 15,559,000
Tax valuation allowance 158,197,000 102,069,000
Deferred tax assets related to the net operating loss and credit carryforwards 207,004,000 172,818,000
Carryforwards subject to expiration 47,977,000  
Carryforwards not subject to expiration 159,027,000  
Interest or penalties expense 0 0
Accrued interest or penalties $ 0 0
Percentage of applicable tax savings payable per tax receivable agreement 90.00%  
Percentage of applicable tax savings retained by the Company per tax receivable agreement 10.00%  
Tax receivable agreement liability $ 581,183,000 584,695,000
Payments pursuant to tax receivable agreement $ 0 35,697,000
Discount rate for payment valuation if change of control or material breach 6.50%  
Basis points upon base rate for payment valuation if change of control or material breach 0.0100  
Discount rate for payment valuation if early termination of agreement 6.50%  
Basis points upon base rate for payment valuation if early termination of agreement 0.0100  
Tax distributions to holders of Holdings Units $ 14,222,000 $ 1,504,000
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments - Net Hedging Gains (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Forward commitments      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Hedging gains $ 233,595 $ 161,254 $ 2,577,902
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments - Notional and Fair Values (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability $ 11,209 $ 142,988
IRLCs, net of loan funding probability    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset 103,101 132,870
Derivative Liability 0 0
Forward commitments    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset 89,332 26,614
Derivative Liability 11,209 142,988
Not Designated | IRLCs, net of loan funding probability    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Notional Value 5,094,135 4,728,040
Not Designated | Forward commitments    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Notional Value $ 12,826,939 $ 9,650,041
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]      
Cash pledged to counterparties $ 0 $ 66,598,000  
Cash pledged from counterparties 63,377,000 250,000  
Credit losses due to nonperformance of counterparty $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments - Gross Amounts Recognized Subject to Master Netting Agreements (Details) - Not Designated - Forward commitments - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Offsetting Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Amount of Recognized Assets $ 117,730 $ 37,647
Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets (28,398) (11,033)
Net Assets Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets 89,332 26,614
Gross Amount of Recognized Liabilities (13,487) (174,545)
Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets 2,278 31,557
Net Liabilities Presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets $ (11,209) $ (142,988)
v3.25.0.1
Commitments, Contingencies, and Guarantees - Narrative (Details)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
lawsuit
guarantee
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
guarantee
Aug. 12, 2022
lawsuit
Feb. 02, 2022
lawsuit
Nov. 23, 2021
lawsuit
Aug. 19, 2021
lawsuit
Jul. 13, 2021
lawsuit
Jun. 29, 2021
lawsuit
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Future purchase commitments, term (in years) 4 years              
Future purchase commitments $ 486,873              
Administrated escrow deposits for property taxes and insurance 3,915,456 $ 3,469,770            
Administrated escrow deposits for principal and interest 3,386,251 2,225,625            
Recorded reserves related to potential damages in connection with legal proceedings $ 4,500 $ 15,000            
Putative securities class action lawsuits                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Number of lawsuits | lawsuit 2           2 2
Shareholder derivative actions                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Number of lawsuits | lawsuit 1   2 2 2 2    
Financial Guarantee                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Number of separate guarantees | guarantee 3 3            
Guaranteed debt total amount   $ 1,770            
IRLCs                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Average number of days until expiration of interest rate lock commitments (in days) 41 days 41 days            
Mortgages                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Commitments to sell loans $ 1,120 $ 0            
MSRs with Servicing Released                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Commitments to sell loans $ 162,610 $ 226,535            
v3.25.0.1
Commitments, Contingencies, and Guarantees - Interest Rate Lock Commitments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]    
IRLCs UPB, Fixed Rate $ 6,562,026 $ 6,317,330
IRLCs UPB, Variable Rate $ 393,175 $ 258,045
v3.25.0.1
Commitments, Contingencies, and Guarantees - Investor Reserves Activity (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Movement In Loan Representation And Warranty Reserve [Roll Forward]    
Balance at beginning of period $ 92,389 $ 110,147
Provision for investor reserves 36,248 112,372
Realized losses (28,639) (130,130)
Balance at end of period $ 99,998 $ 92,389
v3.25.0.1
Regulatory Minimum Net Worth, Capital Ratio and Liquidity Requirements (Details)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements for Mortgage Companies [Line Items]    
Minimum risk based capital ratio, servicing portfolio exceeds $ 150,000,000,000  
Minimum adjusted net worth balance $ 1,500,000,000 $ 600,000,000
Minimum risk based capital ratio, and capital leverage ratio 0.06 0.06
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac    
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements for Mortgage Companies [Line Items]    
Minimum base net worth requirement $ 2,500,000  
Minimum net worth requirement, basis point component per outstanding UPB 0.25%  
Minimum net worth required for compliance, basis point component per total non-agency single-family outstanding serving portfolio 0.25%  
Minimum net worth requirement, basis point component per single-family effective outstanding obligations 0.35%  
Minimum capital ratio requirement, adjusted/tangible net worth to total assets 0.06  
Minimum liquidity requirement, basis points per servicing UPB 0.07%  
Minimum liquidity requirement, basis points per GSE servicing actually collected 0.035%  
Minimum liquidity requirement, basis points per other servicing UPB 0.035%  
Minimum liquidity requirement, basis points per sum of mortgage 0.50%  
Minimum liquidity requirement, basis points of UPB serviced for GSEs 0.02%  
Minimum liquidity requirement, committed/unused agency mortgage servicing advance lines of credit, threshold percentage 50.00%  
Ginnie Mae    
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements for Mortgage Companies [Line Items]    
Minimum base net worth requirement $ 2,500,000  
Minimum net worth required for compliance, basis point component per total non-agency single-family outstanding serving portfolio 0.25%  
Minimum net worth requirement, basis point component per single-family effective outstanding obligations 0.35%  
Minimum net worth required for compliance, basis point component per total GSE single-family outstanding servicing portfolio balance 0.25%  
Minimum capital ratio requirement, adjusted/tangible net worth to total assets 0.06  
Minimum risk based capital ratio, adjusted tangible net worth to total assets 0.06  
Minimum risk based capital ratio, government loans and conforming loans held for sale 0.20  
Minimum risk based capital ratio, other loans held for sale 0.50  
Minimum risk based capital ratio, gross mortgage servicing rights 2.50  
Minimum risk based capital ratio, all other assets not included 1  
Minimum liquidity requirement, basis points per servicing UPB 0.10%  
Minimum liquidity requirement, basis points of UPB serviced for GSEs 0.10%  
Minimum liquidity requirement, basis points of UPB serviced 0.05%  
Minimum liquidity requirement, liquid assets, basis points per outstanding GSE single-family servicing UPB 0.07%  
Minimum liquidity requirement, liquid assets, basis points per outstanding GSE single-family servicing UPB actually collected 0.035%  
Minimum liquidity requirement, liquid assets as basis points per outstanding single-family MBS 0.50%  
v3.25.0.1
Segments - Key Operating Data for Business Segments (Details)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
segment
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Segment Reporting [Abstract]      
Number of reportable segments | segment 2    
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Gain on sale of loans, net $ 3,012,913 $ 2,066,292 $ 3,137,417
Interest income 413,159 327,448 350,591
Interest expense on funding facilities (315,593) (206,588) (166,388)
Servicing fee income 1,462,173 1,401,780 1,458,637
Changes in fair value of MSRs (578,681) (700,982) 185,036
Other income 1,106,827 911,319 873,200
Total revenue, net 5,100,798 3,799,269 5,838,493
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges) (199,188) (29,007) (1,210,947)
Adjusted revenue 4,901,610 3,770,262 4,627,546
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits 1,440,619 1,394,425 1,829,159
General and administrative expenses 364,875 227,170 273,850
Marketing and advertising expenses 823,074 735,197 944,069
Other expenses 159,271 135,411 192,163
Total directly attributable expenses 2,787,839 2,492,203 3,239,241
Contribution margin 2,113,771 1,278,059 1,388,305
Reportable Segments      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Gain on sale of loans, net 2,968,252 2,031,430 3,114,204
Interest income 413,159 327,448 347,655
Interest expense on funding facilities (315,593) (206,240) (166,379)
Servicing fee income 1,456,348 1,396,639 1,455,121
Changes in fair value of MSRs (578,681) (700,982) 185,036
Other income 618,890 579,784 482,976
Total revenue, net 4,562,375 3,428,079 5,418,613
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges) (199,188) (29,007) (1,210,947)
Adjusted revenue 4,363,187 3,399,072 4,207,666
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits 1,262,033 1,215,136 1,586,825
General and administrative expenses 304,419 210,771 249,790
Marketing and advertising expenses 662,459 612,150 842,271
Other expenses 154,453 126,618 201,281
Total directly attributable expenses 2,383,364 2,164,675 2,880,167
Contribution margin 1,979,823 1,234,397 1,327,499
Reportable Segments | Direct to Consumer      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Gain on sale of loans, net 2,362,879 1,660,038 2,573,970
Interest income 223,826 182,097 222,621
Interest expense on funding facilities (170,844) (114,447) (106,561)
Servicing fee income 1,456,348 1,396,639 1,455,121
Changes in fair value of MSRs (578,681) (700,982) 185,036
Other income 599,019 565,882 449,813
Total revenue, net 3,892,547 2,989,227 4,780,000
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges) (199,188) (29,007) (1,210,947)
Adjusted revenue 3,693,359 2,960,220 3,569,053
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits 1,065,202 1,014,178 1,310,069
General and administrative expenses 279,141 189,294 208,867
Marketing and advertising expenses 653,132 601,841 808,822
Other expenses 145,573 118,960 190,092
Total directly attributable expenses 2,143,048 1,924,273 2,517,850
Contribution margin 1,550,311 1,035,947 1,051,203
Reportable Segments | Partner Network      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Gain on sale of loans, net 605,373 371,392 540,234
Interest income 189,333 145,351 125,034
Interest expense on funding facilities (144,749) (91,793) (59,818)
Servicing fee income 0 0 0
Changes in fair value of MSRs 0 0 0
Other income 19,871 13,902 33,163
Total revenue, net 669,828 438,852 638,613
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges) 0 0 0
Adjusted revenue 669,828 438,852 638,613
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits 196,831 200,958 276,756
General and administrative expenses 25,278 21,477 40,923
Marketing and advertising expenses 9,327 10,309 33,449
Other expenses 8,880 7,658 11,189
Total directly attributable expenses 240,316 240,402 362,317
Contribution margin 429,512 198,450 276,296
All Other      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Gain on sale of loans, net 44,661 34,862 23,213
Interest income 0 0 2,936
Interest expense on funding facilities 0 (348) (9)
Servicing fee income 5,825 5,141 3,516
Changes in fair value of MSRs 0 0 0
Other income 487,937 331,535 390,224
Total revenue, net 538,423 371,190 419,880
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges) 0 0 0
Adjusted revenue 538,423 371,190 419,880
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits 178,586 179,289 242,334
General and administrative expenses 60,456 16,399 24,060
Marketing and advertising expenses 160,615 123,047 101,798
Other expenses 4,818 8,793 (9,118)
Total directly attributable expenses 404,475 327,528 359,074
Contribution margin $ 133,948 $ 43,662 $ 60,806
v3.25.0.1
Segments - Reconciliation of Segment Contribution Margin to U.S. GAAP Net Income (Loss) Before Taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Segment reporting reconciliation [Line Items]      
Contribution margin, excluding change in MSRs due to valuation assumptions $ 2,113,771 $ 1,278,059 $ 1,388,305
Change in fair value of MSRs due to valuation assumptions (net of hedges) 199,188 29,007 1,210,947
Contribution margin, including change in MSRs due to valuation assumptions 2,312,959 1,307,066 2,599,252
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits 2,261,245 2,257,291 2,797,868
General and administrative expenses 893,154 802,865 906,195
Depreciation and amortization 112,917 110,271 94,020
Interest and amortization expense on non-funding debt 153,637 153,386 153,596
Other expenses 187,751 141,677 199,209
Income (loss) before income taxes 668,052 (402,897) 741,911
Expenses not allocated to segments      
Segment reporting reconciliation [Line Items]      
Salaries, commissions and team member benefits 820,626 862,864 968,709
General and administrative expenses 528,279 575,696 632,344
Depreciation and amortization 112,917 110,271 94,020
Interest and amortization expense on non-funding debt 153,637 153,386 153,596
Other expenses $ 29,448 $ 7,746 $ 8,672
v3.25.0.1
Non-controlling Interest - Schedule of Non-controlling Interest (Details) - Holdings - shares
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]    
Holdings Units (in shares) 1,994,907,676 1,984,693,656
Ownership Percentage 100.00% 100.00%
Rocket Companies Inc.    
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]    
Holdings Units (in shares) 146,028,193 135,814,173
Ownership Percentage 7.32% 6.84%
Chairman    
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]    
Holdings Units (in shares) 1,101,822 1,101,822
Ownership Percentage 0.06% 0.06%
RHI    
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]    
Holdings Units (in shares) 1,847,777,661 1,847,777,661
Ownership Percentage 92.62% 93.10%
v3.25.0.1
Share-based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Granted (in shares) 0    
Exercisable (in shares) 14,552,254 16,837,767 16,919,368
Share-based compensation expense $ 145,483 $ 180,134 $ 228,934
Contributions from unit holders (members) to subsidiary investment, net   $ 61,351  
RHI | Related Party      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Contributions from unit holders (members) to subsidiary investment, net $ 42,000    
TMSPP      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Percentage of gross pay eligible for utilization 15.00%    
Percentage of closing market price for purchases 85.00%    
Common stock authorized for issuance (in shares) 20,526,316    
Shares purchased under the TMSPP (in shares) 2,524,819 3,286,442 4,609,697
Stock options      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting period (in years) 3 years    
Award expiration period (in years) 10 years    
Weighted-average fair value (in dollars per share)     $ 3.11
Stock options | Tranche one      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Vesting rights (as percent) 33.33%    
Stock options | Tranche two      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting period (in years) 24 months    
Vesting rights (as percent) 66.67%    
RSUs      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting period (in years) 3 years    
Granted (in units) 13,678,351 16,816,637 24,382,033
Forfeited (in units) 1,664,710 2,583,262 1,743,308
RSUs | Rocket Money (formerly known as Truebill Inc)      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting period (in years) 4 years    
RSUs | Tranche one      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Vesting rights (as percent) 33.00%    
RSUs | Tranche two      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Vesting rights (as percent) 33.00%    
RSUs | Tranche three      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Vesting rights (as percent) 33.00%    
One-Time Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting period (in years)   9 months  
Share-based compensation expense   $ 34,700  
Performance Shares      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Granted (in units) 1,055,408    
Forfeited (in units) 0    
Performance Shares Based On Service And Market Conditions      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting period (in years) 3 years    
Weighted-average fair value (in dollars per share) $ 18.22    
Granted (in units) 527,704    
Performance Shares Based On Service And Performance Conditions      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting period (in years) 3 years    
Granted (in units) 527,704    
v3.25.0.1
Share-based Compensation - Stock Option Activity (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Number of Stock Options        
Outstanding, beginning balance (in shares) 16,876,100 21,654,750 24,500,416  
Granted (in shares) 0 0 60,000  
Exercised (in shares) 814,371 0 0  
Expired (in shares) 1,489,475 4,445,098 1,652,408  
Forfeited (in shares) 20,000 333,552 1,253,258  
Outstanding, ending balance (in shares) 14,552,254 16,876,100 21,654,750 24,500,416
Weighted Average Exercise Price        
Outstanding, beginning balance (in dollars per share) $ 17.97 $ 17.98 $ 18.01  
Granted (in dollars per share) 0 0 8.38  
Exercised (in dollars per share) 18.00 0 0  
Expired (in dollars per share) 18.04 18.00 18.01  
Forfeited (in dollars per share) 8.38 17.98 17.99  
Outstanding, ending balance (in dollars per share) $ 17.98 $ 17.97 $ 17.98 $ 18.01
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term        
Outstanding (in years) 5 years 6 months 6 years 4 months 24 days 8 years 6 months 8 years 7 months 6 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value        
Outstanding $ 115,200 $ 366,000 $ 0 $ 0
Exercised     0  
Forfeited     $ 0  
v3.25.0.1
Share-based Compensation - Fair Value of Stock Options (Details) - Stock options
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Expected volatility, minimum 34.00%
Expected volatility, maximum 36.40%
Expected dividend yield 1.50%
Risk-free interest rates, minimum 0.30%
Risk-free interest rates, maximum 3.90%
Expected term 5 years 10 months 6 days
v3.25.0.1
Share-based Compensation - Restricted Stock Unit Activity (Details) - RSUs - $ / shares
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Number of Units        
Outstanding, beginning balance (in units) 21,023,306 20,796,350 13,357,317  
Granted (in units) 13,678,351 16,816,637 24,382,033  
Vested (in units) 11,144,556 14,006,419 15,199,692  
Forfeited (in units) 1,664,710 2,583,262 1,743,308  
Outstanding, ending balance (in units) 21,892,391 21,023,306 20,796,350 13,357,317
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value        
Outstanding, beginning balance (in dollars per share) $ 10.96 $ 14.28 $ 17.90  
Granted (in dollars per share) 13.44 8.41 13.22  
Vested (in dollars per share) 11.85 12.54 15.54  
Forfeited (in dollars per share) 11.27 12.62 16.37  
Outstanding, ending balance (in dollars per share) $ 12.02 $ 10.96 $ 14.28 $ 17.90
Weighted Average Remaining Service Period        
Outstanding (in years) 1 year 9 months 18 days 2 years 1 month 6 days 2 years 1 month 6 days 1 year 2 months 12 days
v3.25.0.1
Share-based Compensation - Share-based Compensation Expense RKT and RHI (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense $ 145,483 $ 180,134 $ 228,934
RKT-denominated awards      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense 145,086 180,052 213,065
RHI-denominated awards      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense 0 0 15,746
Restricted stock units      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Unrecognized compensation expense $ 214,346    
Period for expected expense recognition (in years) 1 year 9 months 18 days    
Restricted stock units | RKT-denominated awards      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense $ 135,491 156,841 170,768
Restricted stock units | RHI-denominated awards      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense 0 0 14,451
Performance Shares      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Unrecognized compensation expense $ 11,032    
Period for expected expense recognition (in years) 2 years 2 months 12 days    
Performance Shares | RKT-denominated awards      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense $ 4,525 0 0
Stock options      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Unrecognized compensation expense 0    
Stock options | RKT-denominated awards      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense 52 18,940 36,583
Stock options | RHI-denominated awards      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense 0 0 1,295
Team Member Stock Purchase Plan | RKT-denominated awards      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense 5,018 4,271 5,714
Subsidiary plans | Other Sponsored Plans      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense $ 397 $ 82 $ 123
v3.25.0.1
Earnings Per Share - Narrative (Details) - shares
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]        
Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, options, outstanding, number 14,552,254 16,876,100 21,654,750 24,500,416
Holdings Units        
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]        
Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, options, outstanding, number 1,848,879,483 1,848,879,483 1,848,879,483  
RSUs        
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]        
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of diluted EPS (in shares) 21,892,391 8,892,219 19,165,177  
Stock options        
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]        
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of diluted EPS (in shares) 14,552,254 16,876,100 21,654,750  
Performance Shares        
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]        
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of diluted EPS (in shares) 770,448 0 0  
Team Member Stock Purchase Plan        
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]        
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of diluted EPS (in shares) 77,057 0 0  
Class B common stock        
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]        
Common stock outstanding (in shares) 0 0 0  
v3.25.0.1
Earnings Per Share - Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share Reconciliation      
Net income (loss) $ 635,828 $ (390,080) $ 699,933
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interest (606,458) 374,566 (653,512)
Net income (loss) attributable to Rocket Companies 29,370 (15,514) 46,421
Add: Reallocation of Net income attributable to vested, undelivered stock awards 0 0 22
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders 29,370 (15,514) 46,443
Numerator:      
Net income (loss) attributable to Class A common shareholders - basic 29,370 (15,514) 46,443
Add: Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to dilutive impact of pro-forma conversion of Class D shares to Class A shares 0 (283,042) 503,007
Add: Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards 0 (457) 545
Net income (loss) attributable to Class A common shareholders - diluted $ 29,370 $ (299,013) $ 549,995
Denominator:      
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic (in shares) 141,037,083 128,641,762 120,577,548
Add: Dilutive impact of conversion of Class D shares to Class A shares (in shares) 0 1,848,879,483 1,848,879,483
Add: Dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards (in shares) 0 3,002,445 2,163,542
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted (in shares) 141,037,083 1,980,523,690 1,971,620,573
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock outstanding - basic (in dollars per share) $ 0.21 $ (0.12) $ 0.39
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted (in dollars per share) $ 0.21 $ (0.15) $ 0.28
Restricted stock units      
Numerator:      
Add: Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards $ 0 $ (441) $ 491
Denominator:      
Add: Dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards (in shares) 0 2,895,229 1,948,608
TMSPP      
Numerator:      
Add: Reallocation of Net income (loss) attributable to dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards $ 0 $ (16) $ 54
Denominator:      
Add: Dilutive impact of share-based compensation awards (in shares) 0 107,216 214,934