ROYALTY PHARMA PLC, 10-K filed on 2/11/2026
Annual Report
v3.25.4
Cover - USD ($)
$ in Billions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Feb. 06, 2026
Jun. 30, 2025
Document Information [Line Items]      
Document Type 10-K    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2025    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
Document Transition Report false    
Entity File Number 001-39329    
Entity Registrant Name Royalty Pharma plc    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code X0    
Entity Tax Identification Number 98-1535773    
Entity Address, Address Line One 110 East 59th Street    
Entity Address, City or Town New York    
Entity Address, State or Province NY    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 10022    
City Area Code 212    
Local Phone Number 883-0200    
Title of 12(b) Security Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.0001    
Trading Symbol RPRX    
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer    
Entity Small Business false    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true    
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag] false    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Public Float     $ 16.7
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the 2026 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders, or Proxy Statement, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated. Such Proxy Statement will be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. Except with respect to information specifically incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Proxy Statement shall not be deemed to be filed as part hereof.
   
Entity Central Index Key 0001802768    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2025    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
Amendment Flag false    
Class A Ordinary Shares      
Document Information [Line Items]      
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   428,418,612  
Class B Ordinary Shares      
Document Information [Line Items]      
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   148,438,141  
v3.25.4
Audit Information
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Audit Information [Abstract]  
Auditor Firm ID 42
Auditor Name Ernst & Young LLP
Auditor Location Boston, Massachusetts
v3.25.4
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Current assets    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 618,696 $ 929,026
Financial royalty assets 854,386 783,770
Available for sale debt securities 18,800 58,200
Other royalty income receivable 29,316 26,956
Other current assets 6,893 4,187
Total current assets 1,528,091 1,802,139
Financial royalty assets, net 16,208,482 15,127,158
Equity securities 171,312 186,960
Available for sale debt securities 419,000 693,500
Equity method investments 289,968 379,424
Goodwill 924,634 0
Other assets 79,293 33,534
Total assets 19,620,780 18,222,715
Current liabilities    
Distributions payable to legacy non-controlling interests 72,825 75,811
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 19,404 13,370
Interest payable 110,818 98,062
Current portion of long-term debt 380,000 997,773
Other current liabilities 53,164 68,600
Total current liabilities 636,211 1,253,616
Long-term debt 8,570,917 6,614,653
Accrued compensation liabilities 577,870 0
Other liabilities 120,843 12,080
Total liabilities 9,905,841 7,880,349
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders’ equity    
Deferred shares, $0.000001 par value; issued and outstanding: 2025–411,475 and 2024–392,255 0 0
Additional paid-in capital 4,123,088 4,103,482
Retained earnings 2,356,318 2,845,653
Non-controlling interests 3,238,039 3,395,785
Treasury interests (2,612) (2,662)
Total shareholders’ equity 9,714,939 10,342,366
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 19,620,780 18,222,715
Class A Ordinary Shares    
Shareholders’ equity    
Common stock 43 45
Class B Ordinary Shares    
Shareholders’ equity    
Common stock 0 0
Class R Redeemable Shares    
Shareholders’ equity    
Common stock $ 63 $ 63
v3.25.4
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical)
shares in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2025
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2025
£ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2024
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2024
£ / shares
shares
Deferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 0.000001   $ 0.000001  
Deferred stock, issued (in shares) 411,475 411,475 392,255 392,255
Deferred stock, outstanding (in shares) 411,475 411,475 392,255 392,255
Class A Ordinary Shares        
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 0.0001   $ 0.0001  
Common stock, issued (in shares) 428,669 428,669 445,985 445,985
Common stock, outstanding (in shares) 428,669 428,669 445,985 445,985
Class B Ordinary Shares        
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 0.000001   $ 0.000001  
Common stock, issued (in shares) 148,438 148,438 143,128 143,128
Common stock, outstanding (in shares) 148,438 148,438 143,128 143,128
Class R Redeemable Shares        
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | £ / shares   £ 1   £ 1
Common stock, issued (in shares) 50 50 50 50
Common stock, outstanding (in shares) 50 50 50 50
v3.25.4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Total income and other revenues $ 2,378,193 $ 2,263,576 $ 2,354,554
Operating (income)/expense      
Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets (295,838) 732,461 560,656
Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments 89,032 0 0
Research and development funding expense 452,000 2,000 52,000
General and administrative expenses (includes $290,890, $3,224, and $3,302 of share-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively; see Note 4) 573,481 236,671 249,748
Total operating expense, net 818,675 971,132 862,404
Operating income 1,559,518 1,292,444 1,492,150
Other (income)/expense      
Equity in earnings of equity method investees (29,089) (29,611) (28,882)
Interest expense 307,664 225,512 187,187
Losses on derivative financial instruments 0 6,000 2,290
Losses/(gains) on equity securities 21,852 (39,549) (87,139)
Gains on available for sale debt securities (45,859) (154,906) (230,840)
Interest income (33,591) (47,343) (72,291)
Other non-operating expenses, net 14,349 1,528 21,737
Total other expense/(income), net 235,326 (38,369) (207,938)
Consolidated net income before tax 1,324,192 1,330,813 1,700,088
Income tax expense 0 0 0
Consolidated net income 1,324,192 1,330,813 1,700,088
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests 553,245 471,830 565,254
Net income attributable to Royalty Pharma plc $ 770,947 $ 858,983 $ 1,134,834
Earnings per Class A ordinary share:      
Basic (in dollars per share) $ 1.79 $ 1.92 $ 2.54
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ 1.78 $ 1.91 $ 2.53
Weighted average Class A ordinary shares outstanding:      
Basic (in shares) 429,801 448,185 447,601
Diluted (in shares) 564,455 594,108 602,900
Income from financial royalty assets      
Total income and other revenues $ 2,261,152 $ 2,149,422 $ 2,197,754
Other royalty income and revenues      
Total income and other revenues $ 117,041 $ 114,154 $ 156,800
v3.25.4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]      
Share-based compensation expense $ 290,890 $ 3,224 $ 3,302
v3.25.4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
Total
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Deferred Shares
Additional Paid-in Capital
Retained Earnings
Retained Earnings
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Non-Controlling Interests
Treasury Interests
Class A Ordinary Shares
Class A Ordinary Shares
Common Stock
Class B Ordinary Shares
Common Stock
Class R Redeemable Shares
Common Stock
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022     371,325             443,166 164,058 50
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 9,525,373   $ 0 $ 3,666,160 $ 1,964,689   $ 3,897,223 $ (2,806)   $ 44 $ 0 $ 63
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                        
Contributions 11,855           11,855          
Distributions (487,721)           (487,721)          
Dividends (358,327)       (358,327)              
Other exchanges (in shares)     13,315             13,315 (13,315)  
Other exchanges 0     428,629     (428,808) 177   $ 2    
Share based compensation and related issuance of Class A ordinary shares (in shares)                   57    
Share-based compensation and related issuances of Class A ordinary shares 2,357     2,357                
Repurchases of Class A ordinary shares (in shares)                   (9,846)    
Repurchases of Class A ordinary shares (304,759)     (85,711) (219,047)         $ (1)    
Net income 1,700,088       1,134,834   565,254          
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT (4,577)       (4,566)   (11)          
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023     384,640             446,692 150,743 50
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023 10,084,289   $ 0 4,011,435 2,517,583   3,557,792 (2,629)   $ 45 $ 0 $ 63
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                        
Contributions 9,038           9,038          
Distributions (476,632)           (476,632)          
Dividends (376,465)       (376,465)              
Other exchanges (in shares)     7,615             7,615 (7,615)  
Other exchanges 0     166,275     (166,243) (33)   $ 1    
Share based compensation and related issuance of Class A ordinary shares (in shares)                   81    
Share-based compensation and related issuances of Class A ordinary shares 2,344     2,344                
Repurchases of Class A ordinary shares (in shares)                 (8,400) (8,403)    
Repurchases of Class A ordinary shares (229,913)     (76,572) (153,340)       $ (229,900) $ (1)    
Net income 1,330,813       858,983   471,830          
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT (1,108)       (1,108)              
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024     392,255             445,985 143,128 50
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2024 10,342,366 $ (12,000) $ 0 4,103,482 2,845,653 $ (12,000) 3,395,785 (2,662)   $ 45 $ 0 $ 63
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                        
Contributions 9,983           9,983          
Distributions (541,262)           (541,262)          
Dividends (378,317)       (378,317)              
Other exchanges (in shares)     19,220             19,220 (19,220)  
Other exchanges 0     345,605     (345,657) 50   $ 2    
Share issuances for EPAs, Equity Incentive Plans and related share-based compensation (in shares)                   877    
Share issuances for EPAs, Equity Incentive Plans and related share-based compensation 136,283     27,889 (551)   108,945          
Shares and share-based awards issued for Internalization (in shares)                     24,530  
Shares and share-based awards issued for Internalization 60,778     3,778     57,000          
Repurchases of Class A ordinary shares (in shares)                 (37,400) (37,413)    
Repurchases of Class A ordinary shares (1,227,084)     (357,666) (869,414)       $ (1,200,000) $ (4)    
Net income 1,324,192       770,947   553,245          
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2025     411,475             428,669 148,438 50
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2025 $ 9,714,939   $ 0 $ 4,123,088 $ 2,356,318   $ 3,238,039 $ (2,612)   $ 43 $ 0 $ 63
v3.25.4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Parenthetical)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
$ / shares
Accounting Standards Update [Extensible Enumeration] Accounting Standards Update 2025 07 [Member]
Class A Ordinary Shares  
Dividends paid (in dollars per share) $ 0.84
v3.25.4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Cash collections from financial royalty assets $ 3,354,750 $ 2,983,410 $ 3,201,410
Cash collections from intangible royalty assets 720 14,647 1,302
Other royalty cash collections 114,021 108,846 158,843
Distributions from equity method investees 13,396 13,396 18,823
Interest received 34,308 46,482 71,604
Development-stage funding payments (452,000) (2,000) (52,000)
Payments for operating and professional costs (288,138) (236,225) (243,012)
Payments for Employee EPAs (10,943) 0 0
Interest paid (276,291) (159,570) (169,168)
Net cash provided by operating activities 2,489,823 2,768,986 2,987,802
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired (74,416) 0 0
Distributions from equity method investees 105,149 23,641 43,882
Investments in equity method investees 0 (10,955) (12,542)
Purchases of equity securities (58,427) (62,500) 0
Proceeds from equity securities 34,723 98,575 0
Purchases of available for sale debt securities (175,000) (150,000) 0
Proceeds from available for sale debt securities 21,226 19,786 1,440
Proceeds from sales of available for sale debt securities 510,553 0 0
Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities 0 0 24,391
Acquisitions of financial royalty assets (1,697,729) (2,505,701) (2,115,522)
Acquisitions of other financial assets 0 (18,000) 0
Milestone payments (271,313) (75,000) (12,400)
Other (8,946) 2,039 (2,038)
Net cash used in investing activities (1,614,180) (2,678,115) (2,072,789)
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Distributions to legacy non-controlling interests - Portfolio Receipts (354,901) (362,280) (376,987)
Distributions to continuing non-controlling interests (167,475) (125,159) (119,534)
Dividends to shareholders (378,253) (376,465) (358,327)
Repurchases of Class A ordinary shares (1,227,383) (229,651) (304,759)
Contributions from legacy non-controlling interests - R&D 220 747 543
Contributions from non-controlling interests - other 5,697 4,360 6,933
Cash acquired in connection with purchase of non-controlling interest 0 0 4,973
Proceeds from revolving credit facility 1,275,000 0 350,000
Repayment of revolving credit facility (1,275,000) 0 (350,000)
Repayment of long-term debt (1,000,000) 0 (1,000,000)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of discount 1,954,475 1,471,235 0
Debt issuance costs and other (16,563) (12,616) (1,596)
Other (1,790) (9,026) 0
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities (1,185,973) 361,145 (2,148,754)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (310,330) 452,016 (1,233,741)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 929,026 477,010 1,710,751
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 618,696 $ 929,026 $ 477,010
v3.25.4
Organization and Purpose
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Organization and Purpose Organization and Purpose
Royalty Pharma plc is a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales. “Royalty Pharma,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Royalty Pharma plc and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. We are the largest buyer of biopharmaceutical royalties and a leading funder of innovation across the biopharmaceutical industry. Our principal asset is a controlling equity interest in Royalty Pharma Holdings Ltd (“RP Holdings”), a private limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales. We conduct our business through RP Holdings and its subsidiaries.

Prior to May 16, 2025, we were externally managed by RP Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Legacy Manager” or “RPM”), pursuant to advisory and management agreements (collectively, the “Legacy Management Agreement”). On May 16, 2025, we completed the Internalization (as defined below) and became an integrated company with the former employees of RPM becoming employees of Royalty Pharma, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of RP Holdings. Refer to Note 3-Internalization for additional discussion.
v3.25.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Preparation and Use of Estimates

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of income, revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Basis of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Royalty Pharma and all majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries, as well as variable interest entities, where we are the primary beneficiary. We consolidate based upon evaluation of our power, through voting rights or similar rights, to direct the activities of another entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance. For consolidated entities where we own or are exposed to less than 100% of the economics, we record Net income attributable to non-controlling interests in our consolidated statements of operations equal to the percentage of the economic or ownership interest retained in such entities by the respective non-controlling parties, except for the RP Holdings Class C Interests (as defined below), which are recorded based on their rights.

RP Holdings is owned by Royalty Pharma plc, and, indirectly, by various partnerships (the “Continuing Investors Partnerships”) and, post-Internalization, by the Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests (as defined below). RP Holdings is the sole owner of Royalty Pharma Investments 2019 ICAV (“RPI 2019 ICAV”), which is an Irish collective asset management vehicle and is the successor to Royalty Pharma Investments, an Irish unit trust. In 2022, we became an indirect owner of an 82% economic interest in Royalty Pharma Investments ICAV, which was previously owned directly by Royalty Pharma Investments. In connection with the Internalization, Royalty Pharma Investments distributed all of its assets to Royalty Pharma Investments 2011 ICAV (together with Royalty Pharma Investments ICAV, “Old RPI”).

We consummated an exchange offer on February 11, 2020 (the “Exchange Offer”) to facilitate our initial public offering (“IPO”). Prior to the Exchange Offer, Royalty Pharma Investments was owned by various partnerships (the “Legacy Investors Partnerships”). Through the Exchange Offer, investors which represented 82% of the aggregate limited partnership in the Legacy Investors Partnerships exchanged their limited partnership interests in the Legacy Investors Partnerships for limited partnership interests in RPI US Partners 2019, LP and RPI International Holdings 2019, LP which are part of the Continuing Investors Partnerships. Following the Exchange Offer, we became the indirect owner of an 82% economic interest in Royalty Pharma Investments which entitled us to 82% of the economics of its wholly-owned subsidiary RPI Finance Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (“RPIFT”), and 66% of Royalty Pharma Collection Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (“RPCT”). In December 2023, we acquired the remaining 34% interest in RPCT owned by Royalty Pharma Select Finance Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (“RPSFT”).
We report four non-controlling interests:

1.The Legacy Investors Partnerships’ ownership of approximately 18% in Old RPI, which is the only remaining historical non-controlling interest that existed prior to our IPO.
2.The Continuing Investors Partnerships’ indirect ownership in RP Holdings through their indirect ownership of RP Holdings’ Class B ordinary shares (the “RP Holdings Class B Interests”).
3.Pablo Legorreta’s ultimate ownership of the RP Holdings’ Class C ordinary share (the “RP Holdings Class C Special Interest”) which entitles him to receive Equity Performance Awards (the “Founder’s Equity”). See discussion in Note 5-Shareholders’ Equity.
4.The Sellers’ (as defined in Note 3-Internalization) indirect ownership in RP Holdings through their indirect ownership of RP Holdings’ Class E ordinary shares (the “RP Holdings Class E Interests”). In connection with the Internalization, we issued 24.5 million RP Holdings Class E Interests to the Sellers (the “Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests”), subject to vesting conditions, as part of the transaction consideration.

The Continuing Investors Partnerships, the Founder’s Equity and the Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests, collectively, are referred to as the “continuing non-controlling interests.”

All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reclassification

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of financial royalty assets, available for sale debt securities and receivables. The majority of our financial royalty assets and receivables arise from contractual royalty agreements that entitle us to royalties on the sales of underlying biopharmaceutical products in the United States, Europe and the rest of the world, with concentrations of credit risk limited due to the broad range of marketers responsible for paying royalties to us and the variety of geographies from which our royalties on product sales are derived. The products in which we hold royalties are marketed by leading industry participants, including, among others, Vertex, GSK, Biogen, Roche, Astellas, Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, AbbVie, Servier, Gilead, Amgen and Alnylam. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, Vertex, as the marketer and payor of our royalties on the cystic fibrosis franchise, accounted for 32% and 34% of our current portion of financial royalty assets, respectively, and represented the largest individual marketer and payor of our royalties.

We monitor the financial performance and creditworthiness of the counterparties to our royalty agreements so that we can properly assess and respond to changes in their credit profile. To date, we have not experienced any significant credit losses with respect to the collection of income or revenue on our royalty assets.

Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Standards

In September 2025, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued amendments which refine the scope of the guidance on derivatives in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815 and clarify the guidance on share-based payments from a customer in ASC 606 (“ASU 2025-07”). ASU 2025-07 adds a new scope exception to the derivative guidance for contracts, such as certain research and development funding arrangements, that are not traded on an exchange and contain an underlying that is based on the operations or activities specific to one of the parties involved. ASU 2025-07 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, with early adoption permitted in any interim or annual period for which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance.
We adopted ASU 2025-07 in 2025 using the modified retrospective transition method, effective January 1, 2025. The only impact of adopting this standard related to the CK-586 R&D funding arrangement, which we entered into in 2024 and had previously accounted for as a derivative. As of December 31, 2024, this derivative had a carrying amount of $12.0 million recorded within Other Assets. Upon reassessment under the new guidance, we concluded that the CK-586 funding arrangement qualifies for the derivative scope exception. Accordingly, we recorded a $12.0 million cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2025 to derecognize the derivative asset and reflect the CK-586 funding arrangement as R&D expense.

The scope clarification for share-based non-cash consideration from a customer in a revenue contract is not applicable to us. As such, we adopted this update on December 31, 2025 on a prospective method.

In November 2023, the FASB issued a new accounting standard that amends the guidance for required disclosures related to a public entity’s reportable segments (“ASU 2023-07”). The ASU expands public entities’ segment disclosures by requiring disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss. It also requires disclosure of the amount and description of the composition of other segment items and interim disclosures of a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets. Public entities with a single reportable segment are required to provide the new disclosures and all the disclosures required under ASC 280. This update became effective for us in 2024 and our expanded disclosures are included below under “Segment Information.”

Segment Information

Our CODM is our Chief Executive Officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis to allocate resources, evaluate financial performance and make overall operating decisions. As such, we concluded that we operate as one single reportable segment, which is primarily focused on acquiring biopharmaceutical royalties. The measure of segment profit or loss that is most consistent with our consolidated financial statements is consolidated net income. The accounting policies of our single reportable segment are the same as those for the consolidated financial statements. The level of disaggregation and amounts of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM are the same as those presented in the consolidated statements of operations. Likewise, the measure of segment assets is reported on the consolidated balance sheets as total assets.

Royalty Assets

An acquisition of a royalty asset provides the buyer with contractual rights to cash flows from the sale of patent-protected biopharmaceutical products by unrelated biopharmaceutical companies. The majority of our royalties provide us with rights that are protective and passive in nature. In other words, we do not own the intellectual property or have the right to commercialize the underlying products. These contractual cash flow rights are classified as financial royalty assets.

In the limited instances where we possess rights to exploit the underlying patents, rights to the intellectual property related to the biopharmaceutical products, or the ability to influence the amount or duration of future royalty payments, these royalties are classified as intangible royalty assets. The cost of an intangible royalty asset is amortized over the expected life of the asset on a straight-line basis.

Financial Royalty Assets, Net

Although financial royalty assets do not have the contractual terms typical of a loan (such as principal and interest), we account for them under ASC Topic 310 Receivables. In limited instances, our royalty assets may be classified as contract assets and recorded as part of financial royalty assets because they are accounted for in the same manner. Our financial royalty assets are classified similar to loans receivable and are measured at amortized cost using the prospective effective interest method described in ASC 835-30 Imputation of Interest.
The effective interest rate is calculated by forecasting the expected cash flows to be received over the life of the asset relative to the initial invested amount. The effective interest rate is recalculated each reporting period as differences between expected cash flows and actual cash flows are realized and as there are changes to expected future cash flows. Income is calculated by multiplying the carrying value of the financial royalty asset by the periodic effective interest rate. The carrying value of a financial royalty asset is made up of the opening balance, or net purchase price for a new financial royalty asset, which is increased by accrued interest income and decreased by cash receipts in the period to arrive at the ending balance. If the ending balance is greater than the net present value of the expected future cash flows, a provision is recorded to reduce the asset balance to the net present value. The provision is recorded through the statements of operations as Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets and the carrying value of Financial royalty assets, net is presented net of the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows.

The application of the prospective approach to measure our financial royalty assets at amortized cost requires management’s judgment in forecasting the expected future cash flows of the underlying royalties. The amounts and duration of forecasted expected future cash flows used to calculate and measure interest income are largely impacted by sell-side equity research analyst coverage, commercial performance of the product, and royalty duration, each discussed in further detail below.

Analyst coverage. Expected future cash flows are derived from sales projections for the underlying biopharmaceutical products, based primarily on sell-side equity research analyst consensus forecasts. These forecasts incorporate market research on global economic conditions, industry trends and product life cycles. Our policy is to rely on sell-side research analysts’ consensus sales forecasts to derive annual sales projections for each financial royalty asset over the periods for which we are entitled to royalties or milestones. When analyst estimates do not extend through the full royalty term, we project future sales using statistical curves which are modelled using a combination of historical product trends and available consensus estimates. Depending on the level of details provided in analyst models, management may apply additional assumptions to allocate annual sales to quarterly periods and by geographic regions, determine product and pricing mix for franchises, or exclude sales for unapproved products. Contractual royalty rates, terms and milestones are then applied to the adjusted sales projections to estimate the royalty or milestone payments over the asset’s life, forming the basis for expected future cash flows used in calculating and measuring interest income.

Commercial performance. The approval of a product for use in new indications can extend the date through which we are entitled to royalties or milestones on that product. For certain financial royalty assets, such as the cystic fibrosis franchise, we are entitled to royalties on approved combination products and on future combination products, which create new cash flow streams that were previously not reflected. We generally do not recognize income from, or forecast sales for, unapproved products unless they are incorporated into analyst consensus forecasts in such a way that we cannot isolate the probability of regulatory success that is built into the analyst’s estimates. If a product is removed from all or a portion of a market, subsequent sell-side equity research analysts’ consensus sales forecasts will reflect the expected drop in sales. Both the new cash flow streams and the cessation of cash flow streams related to a product’s performance in the market over the royalty term can materially affect our forecast of expected future cash flows, which directly impacts the measurement of interest income.
Royalty duration. The duration of a royalty can be based on a variety of factors, such as regulatory and marketing approval dates, patent expiration dates, the number of years from first commercial sale, the first date of manufacture of the patent-protected product, the entry of generics or a contractual date arising from litigation, which are all impacted by the point in time in the product’s life cycle at which we acquire the royalty. Royalty durations vary by geography as the United States, European Union and other jurisdictions may be subject to different country-specific patent protection terms or exclusivity based on contractual terms. Products may be covered by a number of patents and, where a royalty term is linked to the existence of valid patents, management is required to make judgments about the patent providing the strongest protection to align the period over which management forecasts expected future cash flows to the royalty term. It is common for the latest expiring patent in effect at the date we acquire a financial royalty asset to be extended, adjusted or replaced with newer dated patents subsequent to our acquisition of a royalty due to new information, resulting in changes to the royalty duration in later periods. Patents may expire earlier than expected at the time of the acquisition due to the loss of patent protection, loss of data exclusivity on intellectual property, contractual licensing terms limiting royalty payments based on time from product launch, recent legal developments or litigation. Macroeconomic factors, such as changes in economies or the competitive landscape, including the unexpected loss of exclusivity to the products underlying our portfolio of royalties, changes in government legislation, product life cycles, industry consolidations and other changes beyond our control could result in a positive or negative impact on our forecast of expected future cash flows and the related measurement of interest income.

As part of the preparation of the forecasted expected future cash flows, which relies on the sources and variables discussed above, management is required to make assumptions around the following forecast inputs: (1) estimates of the duration of the royalty, which includes consideration of the strength of patent protection and anticipated timing for entry of generics, (2) product growth rates and sales trends in outer years, generally projected through statistical curves, (3) the product and pricing mix for franchised products, (4) the geographical allocation of annual sales data from sell-side equity research analysts’ models, and (5) the portion of sales that are subject to royalties, which is referred to as royalty bearing sales. The most sensitive of these assumptions relates to management’s estimate of the royalty duration in the final years of an asset’s life. In some cases, patent protection may extend to a later period than the expiration date management has estimated. Management may apply a shorter royalty term in this situation if, based on its experience and expertise, it believes that it is more likely that the associated patents are subject to opposition or infringement, that the market for a particular product may shift based on pipeline approvals and products, or that product sales may be harmed by competition from generics. For products providing perpetual royalties, management applies judgment in establishing the duration over which it forecasts expected future cash flows.

A shortened royalty term can result in a reduction in the effective interest rate, lower income from financial royalty assets, a decline in the carrying value of the financial royalty asset and recognition of provision expense, reductions in royalty payments compared to expectations, or a permanent impairment. Additionally, royalty payments may occasionally continue beyond the estimated royalty expiration date for such reasons we cannot foresee such as excess inventory in the channel or additional scope of patent protection identified after expiry, including royalties we may become entitled to from new indications, new compounds, or for new regulatory jurisdictional approvals.

Certain acquisition agreements provide for future incoming or outgoing contingent payments based on the commercial, regulatory or clinical performance of the related biopharmaceutical product generally over a multi-year period. For purposes of measuring income from financial royalty assets, commercial milestones payable or receivable are reflected in the forecasted expected future cash flows in the period in which the milestone criteria is projected to be satisfied based on sell-side equity research analysts’ consensus sales forecasts. Milestones based on regulatory approval or clinical criteria are generally not reflected in the expected future cash flows until such approval or criteria is achieved. We assess all milestone payments to determine whether we must account for these arrangements as derivatives instruments under ASC 815 – Derivatives and Hedging.

Amounts related to outgoing contingent milestone payments are not considered contractual obligations as they are contingent on the successful completion of the defined milestones. Payments under these agreements generally become due and payable upon achievement of certain commercial milestones, or when the contingency is resolved.

The current portion of financial royalty assets represents an estimation for current quarter royalty receipts which are collected during the subsequent quarter and for which the estimates are derived from the latest external publicly available sell-side equity research analyst reports, reported in arrears.
Cumulative Allowance and Provision for Changes in Expected Cash Flows from Financial Royalty Assets

We evaluate financial royalty assets for impairment on an individual basis by comparing the effective interest rate at each reporting date to that of the prior period. If the effective interest rate is lower for the current period than the prior period, and if the gross cash flows have declined (expected and collected), we record provision expense for the change in expected cash flows. The provision is measured as the difference between the financial royalty asset’s amortized cost basis and the net present value of the expected future cash flows, calculated using the prior period’s effective interest rate. The amount recognized as provision expense increases the financial royalty asset’s cumulative allowance, which reduces the net carrying value of the financial royalty asset.

In a subsequent period, if there is an increase in expected future cash flows, or if actual cash flows are greater than cash flows previously expected, we reduce the previously established cumulative allowance in part or in full, resulting in a non-cash credit to the provision recorded through the Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets on the consolidated statements of operations. We also recalculate the amount of accretable yield to be recognized based on the revised remaining future cash flows. The adjustment to the accretable yield is treated as a change in estimate and is recognized prospectively over the remaining life of the financial royalty asset by adjusting the effective interest rate used to calculate income.

Movements in the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows, which forms part of the Financial royalty assets, net line item on the consolidated balance sheets, are accompanied by corresponding provision income or expense. Amounts not expected to be collected are written off against the allowance at the time that such a determination is made. In some cases, when a financial royalty asset’s contractual cash flows expire, the final royalty payment may differ from the remaining net carrying value. We account for this non-cash true-up at the end of the royalty term as either Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets or as Income from financial royalty assets on the consolidated statements of operations.

Allowance for Current Expected Credit Losses

We recognize an allowance for current expected credit losses under ASC 326 – Financial Instruments – Credit Losses on (1) our portfolio of financial royalty assets for which we have limited protective rights and (2) on the unfunded portions of certain funding commitments for which we have limited protective rights once funded. The credit loss allowance is estimated using the probability of default and loss given default method. The credit rating, which is assessed primarily based on publicly available data and updated quarterly, is the primary credit quality indicator used to determine the probability of default of the marketers responsible for paying our royalties and the resulting loss given default.

The allowance for current expected credit losses related to financial royalty assets is presented net within the non-current portion of financial royalty assets on the consolidated balance sheets, and changes to such allowance are recorded within Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets on the consolidated statements of operations. The allowance for current expected credit losses related to the unfunded portions of relevant funding arrangements is recorded within Other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet, with changes to such allowance reflected within Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments in the consolidated statements of operations.

Income from Financial Royalty Assets

We recognize income from financial royalty assets when there is a reasonable expectation about the timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected. The accretable yield is recognized as income at the effective rate of return over the expected life of financial royalty assets. An acquisition of a royalty on a development-stage product classified as a financial royalty asset is generally placed in non-accrual status where income is not recognized until we are able to reliably estimate expected cash flows, generally when the product receives regulatory approval.

We evaluate such financial royalty assets held at cost for impairment based on, among other factors, a review of development progress and publicly available information around regulatory discussions, clinical trial results and approval status. An impairment loss is recognized if it is probable that we will be unable to recover the carrying value of the financial royalty asset held at cost and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated.
Other Royalty Income and Revenues

Other royalty income and revenues includes income from financial royalty assets that have been fully amortized and income from synthetic royalties and milestones arising out of research and development (“R&D”) funding arrangements. Other royalty income and revenues also includes revenues from intangible royalty assets.

Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements

Our financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, equity securities, available for sale debt securities, royalty interests, Employee EPAs (as defined in Note 5-Shareholders’ Equity) and long-term debt. Cash and cash equivalents, equity securities, available for sale debt securities, Employee EPAs and certain royalty interests are reported at their respective fair values on our consolidated balance sheets. Outstanding borrowings under our senior unsecured notes, term loan and non-current financial royalty assets are reported at amortized cost on our consolidated balance sheets, for which fair values are disclosed. The remaining financial instruments are reported on our consolidated balance sheets at amounts that approximate fair value.

For financial instruments carried at fair value, the level in the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of inputs that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. We determine the fair value of assets and liabilities using the fair value hierarchy, which establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value as follows:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active or financial instruments for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3: Prices or valuation that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash held at financial institutions and all highly liquid financial instruments with original maturities of 90 days or less.

Equity Securities and Available for Sale Debt Securities

Our equity securities primarily consist of investments in publicly traded equity securities and are measured and recorded at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recorded in earnings. For equity securities without a readily determinable fair value, recorded within Other assets on the consolidated balance sheets, we use the fair value measurement alternative and measure the securities at cost less impairment, if any.

Investments classified as available for sale debt securities are recorded at fair value. We elect to apply the fair value option for available for sale debt securities when the fair value option better aligns with the economics of the investment. Upon such election, the entire investment is measured at fair value on a recurring basis, with movements in fair value recognized in earnings.
Investment in Non-Consolidated Affiliates

Investments in entities that provide us with the ability to exercise significant influence, but not a controlling financial interest, and where we are not the primary beneficiary are accounted for under the equity method or as equity securities under the fair value option. Investments accounted for under the equity method are initially recorded at fair value. If there is a difference between the fair value and the carrying amount of the equity method investment at inception, we quantify the basis difference and amortize it in a rational manner over the life of the investment. Subsequently, we recognize through earnings our proportionate share of the investee’s net income or loss, net of any adjustment to reflect the amortization of basis differences. We generally record our share of the results of our investees one quarter in arrears within Equity in earnings of equity method investees in the consolidated statements of operations. The investment is reflected as Equity method investments on the consolidated balance sheets.

We have variable interests in entities formed for the purposes of entering into co-development arrangements for potential biopharmaceutical products (the “Avillion entities”). The Avillion entities are variable interest entities for which we are not the primary beneficiary as we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly influence the economic performance of the entity. In determining whether we are the primary beneficiary of an entity, management applies a qualitative approach that determines whether it has both (1) the power to direct the economically significant activities of the entity and (2) the obligation to absorb losses of, or the right to receive benefits from, the entity that could potentially be significant. Management continuously assesses whether we are the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity as changes to existing relationships or future transactions may result in the consolidation or deconsolidation of one or more of its investees.

When we have committed to provide further support to the investee through capital call commitments and the investment has been reduced to zero, we provide for additional losses, resulting in a negative equity method investment, which is presented as a liability on the consolidated balance sheets.

Acquisitions

We first determine whether a set of assets acquired constitutes a business and should be accounted for as a business combination. If the assets acquired do not constitute a business, we account for the transaction as an asset acquisition. Business combinations are accounted for by means of the acquisition method of accounting. The acquisition method of accounting for business combinations requires us to use significant estimates and assumptions, including fair value estimates, as of the business combination date and to refine those estimates as necessary during the measurement period, which is defined as the period, not to exceed one year, in which we may adjust the provisional amounts recognized for a business combination. Under the acquisition method of accounting, we recognize separately from goodwill the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed, generally at the acquisition date fair value. The excess of the fair value of consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill.

Goodwill

As a result of the Internalization (as defined below), we recorded goodwill which represents the excess of the total purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired. Goodwill has an indefinite life and therefore is not amortized under the provisions of ASC 350 – IntangiblesGoodwill and Other. We have one reporting unit and assess goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently if there are indicators of impairment.

Research and Development Funding Expense

We enter into transactions where we agree to fund a portion of the R&D performed by our partners for products undergoing late-stage clinical trials in exchange for future royalties or milestones if the products are successfully developed and commercialized. In accordance with ASC 730 – Research and Development, we account for the funded amounts as R&D expense when we have the ability to obtain the results of the R&D, the transfer of financial risk is genuine and substantive and, at the time of entering into the transaction, it is not yet probable that the product will receive regulatory approval. If these conditions are not met, we may record the funded amounts as a financial royalty asset. We may fund R&D upfront or over time as the underlying products undergo clinical trials.
Royalties earned on successfully commercialized products generated from R&D arrangements are recognized as Other royalty income and revenues in the same period in which the sale of the product occurs. Fixed or milestone payments receivable based on the achievement of contractual criteria for products arising out of our R&D arrangements are also recognized as Other royalty income and revenues in the period that the milestone threshold is met. Milestone thresholds are typically not triggered until after all funding obligations have been completed.

Share-based Compensation

We account for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718 – Share-based Compensation. We have share-based compensation arrangements in the form of (1) Employee EPAs (as defined in Note 5–Shareholders’ Equity), which are liability classified, (2) RP Holdings Class E Interests, which were issued as part of the Internalization consideration, and (3) RSUs, which are issued to directors and employees. RP Holdings Class E Interests and RSUs are both equity classified. Share-based compensation expense for equity-classified awards is measured at grant-date fair value and recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period within General and administrative expenses. We have elected to account for forfeitures as they occur. The fair value of the Employee EPAs is remeasured at each reporting date using a Monte Carlo simulation methodology, with changes in the fair value recognized as part of the share-based compensation expense.

Income Taxes

We periodically assess if our activities, as conducted through our subsidiaries, and as currently contemplated, constitute being engaged in the conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Neither the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (“the Code”) nor the applicable Treasury regulations provide a general definition of what constitutes as being engaged in the conduct of a trade or business within the United States, and the limited case law on the subject does not provide definitive guidance. Based on our periodic assessment, we believe that we are not engaged in the conduct of a trade or business within the United States, and as such, we do not record a provision for U.S. income taxes with respect to effectively connected income for the years presented in the consolidated financial statements.

We have funding arrangements in place where our counterparties have drawn on capital or are allowed to draw on capital over a prescribed period of time. Income from these funding arrangements is subject to U.S. taxation and we record a provision for U.S. income taxes within General and administrative expenses in accordance with ASC 740 – Income Taxes, with respect to this income. We expect the associated income tax provision expense to become more significant in the future as we enter into more funding arrangements.

We operate so as to be treated solely as resident in the U.K. for tax purposes. As a U.K. tax resident company, we are subject to U.K. corporation tax on our worldwide taxable profits and gains. U.K. tax resident companies are subject to U.K. corporation tax on dividend receipts or other income distributions in respect of shares held by them, unless those dividends or other distributions fall within an exempt class. We believe that dividends received by us from RP Holdings, and dividends received by RP Holdings from RPI 2019 ICAV, should fall within such an exempt class and therefore should not be subject to U.K. corporation tax. As such, we do not record a provision for U.K. income taxes with respect to the dividends received from RP Holdings or with respect to the dividends received by RP Holdings from RPI 2019 ICAV.

We are also subject to the U.K.’s “controlled foreign companies” rules (the “U.K. CFC Rules”). The U.K. CFC Rules, broadly, apply to U.K. tax resident companies that have, alone or together with certain other persons, interests in a non-U.K. tax resident company (the “Controlled Foreign Company”) which is controlled by a U.K. person or persons. The charge under the U.K. CFC Rules applies by reference to certain types of chargeable profit arising to the Controlled Foreign Company, whether or not that profit is distributed, subject to specific exemptions. Certain non-U.K. entities in which we hold a greater than 25% interest, including RPI 2019 ICAV (which is an Irish tax resident) and Old RPI (which is an Irish tax resident and is held indirectly by us through our participation in RP Holdings), are considered Controlled Foreign Companies for U.K. tax purposes. We are therefore required to apply the U.K. CFC Rules in respect of our direct and indirect interests in these entities on an ongoing basis. We do not expect material tax charges to arise under the U.K. CFC Rules with respect to our direct and indirect interests in these entities and we therefore do not record a provision for U.K. income taxes related to this matter.
Other Taxation Matters

We are subject to U.S. federal withholding tax on certain fixed or determinable annual or periodic gains, profits and income, such as royalties from sources within the United States, unless reduced or eliminated under an applicable tax treaty or provision of the Code. Generally, this tax is imposed by withholding 30% of the payments, or deemed payments, that are subject to this tax. We believe our subsidiaries are eligible for benefits under the U.S.-Ireland income tax treaty, and, under that treaty, are not subject to any U.S. withholding taxes on U.S.-source royalty, interest or other income payments.

Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income attributable to us by the weighted average number of Class A ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net income attributable to us by the weighted average number of Class A ordinary shares outstanding during the period, including the number of Class A ordinary shares that would have been outstanding if the potentially dilutive securities had been issued.

Our Class B ordinary shares, Class R redeemable shares and deferred shares do not share in the earnings or losses attributable to us and are therefore not participating securities.

Our outstanding Class B ordinary shares are considered potentially dilutive shares of Class A ordinary shares because Class B ordinary shares, together with the related RP Holdings Class B Interests and vested RP Holdings Class E Interests, are exchangeable into Class A ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis. In addition, potentially dilutive securities include Class B ordinary shares contingently issuable for the EPAs and Class A ordinary shares issuable upon vesting of RSUs issued to directors and employees.

We include potentially dilutive shares in the denominator to compute diluted EPS if (i) the inclusion of the ordinary shares is dilutive for the respective reporting periods, and (ii) contingencies are satisfied as of the end of the reporting period for ordinary shares that are contingently issuable. We use the “if-converted” method to determine the potentially dilutive effect of our outstanding Class B ordinary shares, and the treasury stock method to determine the potentially dilutive effect of the unvested RSUs.

Shares Repurchases

Amounts paid to repurchase shares in excess of the par value are allocated between Additional paid-in capital and Retained earnings.
v3.25.4
Internalization
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, Transaction between Entities under Common Control, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]  
Internalization Internalization
On January 10, 2025, we entered into an agreement (as amended, the “Purchase Agreement”) with RPM, Royalty Pharma Manager, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“RP Manager”) and the sellers named therein (the “Sellers”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, RPM contributed substantially all of its previously held assets and liabilities to RP Manager and we agreed to acquire all of the equity interests of RP Manager from the Sellers (the “Internalization”). The Sellers included our founder, chief executive officer and chairman, Pablo Legorreta, RPM I, LLC and RP MIP Holdings, LLC (“RP MIP Holdings”), as the former equity owners of RPM. The equity interest holders of RP MIP Holdings include our named executive officers and certain employees of the Legacy Manager, who became employees of Royalty Pharma, LLC, a subsidiary of RP Manager, in connection with the Internalization. We completed the acquisition of RP Manager on May 16, 2025 and accounted for the transaction as a business combination in accordance with ASC 805.

The announced transaction value for the Internalization of $1.1 billion included cash and 24.5 million newly issued RP Holdings Class E Interests, of which 1.7 million shares were recognized as part of the purchase price and 22.8 million shares were subject to vesting, with related share-based compensation expense to be recognized over the vesting period post-Internalization. The announced transaction value also included the assumption of a $380 million term loan. In accordance with ASC 805, the $380 million term loan was not recognized as part of the purchase price. Instead, it was recorded as a liability acquired in the preliminary allocation of purchase price below.
In addition, we issued replacement equity awards in the form of RSUs to employees and recognized a liability related to the Employee EPAs. As described and each term as defined in Note 5-Shareholders’ Equity, the Employee EPAs represent the participation of certain employees in the economic returns of the EPAs for a specific Portfolio, which exclude Founder’s Equity, which represents Mr. Legorreta’s retained EPAs. Accordingly, at the closing of the Internalization, the portions of each of these components attributable to the pre-Internalization service period were included as part of the purchase price.

The following table presents the components of the total purchase price to acquire RP Manager (in thousands):

Cash$81,950 
Fair value of equity attributable to pre-Internalization service period:
RP Holdings Class E Interests57,000 
Employee RSUs3,778 
Employee EPAs
422,479 
Total purchase price
$565,207 

RP Holdings Class E Interests

We issued 24.5 million RP Holdings Class E Interests and an equal number of Royalty Pharma plc Class B ordinary shares to the Sellers, with an aggregate fair value of $812.4 million based on our stock price of $33.12 upon the closing of the Internalization. Approximately 1.7 million of the RP Holdings Class E Interests valued at approximately $57.0 million, were considered to be attributable to services rendered pre-Internalization and were included as part of the purchase price. The remaining 22.8 million RP Holdings Class E Interests with an aggregate fair value of approximately $755.4 million are subject to straight-line vesting generally over five to nine years and forfeiture if vesting conditions are not met. We recognize the related share-based compensation expense over the corresponding vesting periods.

Employee RSUs

We issued approximately 316 thousand Class A ordinary shares as replacement awards to certain employees (the “Employee RSUs”) valued at $10.5 million based on our stock price of $33.12 upon the closing of the Internalization. Approximately $3.8 million of the Employee RSUs were considered to be attributable to service rendered pre-Internalization and were included as part of the purchase price. The remaining Employee RSUs are subject to straight-line vesting generally over a period up to four years and forfeiture if vesting conditions are not met.

Employee EPAs

As described and each term as defined in Note 5-Shareholders’ Equity, after the Internalization, employees who participate in the EPAs became employees of Royalty Pharma, LLC and the service required for vesting became service required to be rendered to the Company. Accordingly, we began to account for the Employee EPAs under ASC 718 as compensation arrangements and began recognizing share-based compensation expense over the remaining post-Internalization service period. The Employee EPAs exclude Founder’s Equity, which represents Mr. Legorreta’s retained EPAs. The periodic cash distributions as tax advances related to the Employee EPAs are presented as an operating activity in the consolidated statement of cash flows.

As a result of the Internalization, we recognized a liability for the Employee EPAs. The fair value of approximately $422.5 million, measured as of the closing of the Internalization, was considered attributable to service rendered pre-Internalization and was included as part of the purchase price. The fair value of the remaining Employee EPAs is recorded as share-based compensation expense over the remaining vesting period. The fair value of the Employee EPAs is recognized as a liability within Accrued compensation liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet and is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation methodology. See Note 4-Share-Based Compensation for additional discussion.
Preliminary Allocation of the Purchase Price

We allocated the purchase price to the estimated fair values of assets and liabilities acquired. The purchase price allocation is based on management’s estimates and assumptions, as well as information compiled by management. Our estimates and assumptions are subject to change during the measurement period of up to twelve months from the date of the Internalization as further information becomes available. The excess of the total purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired was allocated to goodwill. The goodwill recorded as part of the Internalization includes the assembled workforce and synergies resulting from the Internalization.

The following is a summary of a preliminary allocation of the purchase price (in thousands):

Preliminary allocation of purchase priceLocation on Consolidated Balance Sheet
Cash and cash equivalents$7,535 Cash and cash equivalents
Other current assets1,458 Other current assets
Property, plant and equipment23,085 Other assets
Operating lease right of use asset20,967 Other assets
Other assets172 Other assets
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(1,867)Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Interest payable(3,822)Interest payable
Term Loan(380,000)Long-term debt
Operating lease liabilities, current(2,749)Other current liabilities
Operating lease liabilities(18,218)Other liabilities
Other liabilities(5,988)Other liabilities
Goodwill924,634 Goodwill
Total purchase price
$565,207 

Following the Internalization, we no longer pay Management Fees (as defined in Note 16-Related Party Transactions). The Internalization did not result in the recognition of gains or losses in the consolidated statements of operations.

In 2025, we recorded approximately $28.9 million of acquisition-related costs within General and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations, all of which were paid and included within Payments for operating and professional costs on the consolidated statement of cash flows. These costs are primarily related to legal, advisory and professional services.

In 2025, approximately 62% of the total General and administrative expenses were related to costs incurred by RP Manager and its subsidiaries. These costs primarily consisted of employee compensation expenses, including share-based compensation.

Pro Forma Information (Unaudited)

The unaudited pro forma results presented below are for informational purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of what our actual results of operations would have been had the Internalization occurred at the beginning of 2024 nor are they indicative of our results of operations for future periods. The following table summarizes the pro forma consolidated information assuming we had completed the Internalization on January 1, 2024 (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,
20252024
Pro forma revenue$2,378,193 $2,263,576 
Pro forma net income(1)
1,395,756 1,136,623 
(1)Pro forma net income in 2024 reflects a $28.9 million adjustment for non-recurring acquisition-related expenses.
v3.25.4
Share-Based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Share-Based Compensation Share-Based Compensation
We record share-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the corresponding service-based vesting periods within General and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

Prior to the Internalization, our share-based awards consisted only of RSUs issued to directors, for which we recognized immaterial share-based compensation expense. As a result of the Internalization, we began to recognize share-based compensation expense related to RP Holdings Class E Interests that were issued as part of the Internalization consideration, Employee EPAs and Employee RSUs. The share-based compensation expense is comprised of the following (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,
202520242023
RP Holdings Class E Interests$108,945 $— $— 
Employee EPAs176,334 — — 
Employee and Director RSUs5,611 3,224 3,302 
Total Share-Based Compensation$290,890 $3,224 $3,302 

RP Holdings Class E Interests

In connection with the Internalization, approximately 22.8 million RP Holdings Class E Interests with an aggregate fair value of approximately $755.4 million will be expensed generally over vesting periods ranging from five to nine years.

In 2025, we recorded $108.9 million of share-based compensation expense related to the RP Holdings Class E Interests. As of December 31, 2025, we had $646.5 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to 19.5 million RP Holdings Class E Interests that is expected to vest over a weighted average period of 5.5 years.

Employee EPAs

In accordance with ASC 718, we accounted for the Employee EPAs as liability-classified share-based compensation arrangements. The Employee EPAs are subject to a service-based vesting period, generally four years, commencing at the start of each respective Portfolio (as defined in Note 5-Shareholders’ Equity).

We recognized a liability of approximately $422.5 million related to Employee EPAs as of the date of the Internalization. The fair value of the remaining Employee EPAs is recognized as share-based compensation expense over the remaining vesting period. We remeasure the fair value of the Employee EPAs at each reporting date with changes in the fair value recognized as part of share-based compensation expense. As of December 31, 2025, the fair value of Employee EPAs was $577.9 million as recorded within Accrued compensation liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. We estimated the fair value of the Employee EPAs using a Monte Carlo simulation methodology under the option pricing framework. Using the Monte Carlo model, we first simulate cash flows for all underlying investments within the respective portfolio, incorporating a range of potential outcomes driven primarily by projected product sales and reflecting features such as milestone payments, royalty tiers, caps, and floors, as well as sales-level volatility. Based on these simulated portfolio outcomes, the Monte Carlo model estimates the probability of satisfying the applicable performance and return thresholds that determine Employee EPA payouts.

In 2025, we recorded $176.3 million of share-based compensation expense related to the Employee EPAs. As of December 31, 2025, we had $80.5 million of unrecognized expense related to the Employee EPAs that is expected to vest over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.
Employee and Directors RSUs

We issue RSUs to employees and independent directors under the 2025 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2020 Independent Director Equity Incentive Plan, respectively. The 2025 Equity Incentive Plan became effective on May 16, 2025 in connection with the Internalization and 2 million Class A ordinary shares were authorized for issuance. The 2020 Independent Director Equity Incentive Plan was effective on June 15, 2020, whereby 800 thousand Class A ordinary shares were authorized for issuance. As of December 31, 2025, approximately 1.6 million and 321 thousand shares remain available for future issuance under the 2025 Equity Incentive Plan and 2020 Independent Director Equity Incentive Plan, respectively.

In 2025, 2024 and 2023, we recorded $5.6 million, $3.2 million and $3.3 million of share-based compensation expense related to the employee and directors RSUs, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, we had $7.6 million of unrecognized expense related to the employee RSUs that are expected to vest over a weighted average period of 2.4 years and the total unrecognized expense related to the outstanding directors’ RSUs was not material.
v3.25.4
Shareholders' Equity
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Equity [Abstract]  
Shareholders' Equity Shareholders’ Equity
Capital Structure

Royalty Pharma plc has two classes of voting shares: Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares, each of which has one vote per ordinary share. The Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders, except as otherwise required by applicable law. The Class B ordinary shares are not publicly traded and holders of Class B ordinary shares only have limited rights to receive a distribution equal to their nominal value upon a liquidation, dissolution or winding up. As of December 31, 2025, Royalty Pharma plc had 428,669 thousand Class A ordinary shares and 148,438 thousand Class B ordinary shares outstanding.

An exchange agreement entered into by, among others, Royalty Pharma plc, RP Holdings, the Continuing Investors Partnerships, RPI International Partners 2019, LP, RPI US Feeder 2019, LP, RPI International Feeder 2019, LP, RPI EPA Vehicle, LLC and certain recipients nominated by the Sellers (as amended from time to time, the “Exchange Agreement”) facilitates the exchange of RP Holdings Class E Interests and the exchange of RP Holdings Class B Interests for Class A ordinary shares. Pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, RP Holdings Class B Interests are exchangeable on a one-for-one basis for Class A ordinary shares on a quarterly basis. Each such exchange also results in the re-designation of the same number of Class B ordinary shares as deferred shares. Such deferred shares are non-voting and do not confer a right to participate in our profits or any right to receive dividends. As of December 31, 2025, Royalty Pharma plc had 411,475 thousand deferred shares outstanding.

In addition, Royalty Pharma plc issued 50 thousand Class R redeemable shares, which do not entitle the holder to voting or dividend rights. As required by the U.K. Companies Act 2006, the Class R redeemable shares were issued to ensure sufficient sterling denominated share capital. The Class R redeemable shares may be redeemed at our option in the future. Any such redemption would be at the nominal value of £1 each.

Class A Ordinary Share Repurchases

In January 2025, our board of directors authorized a new share repurchase program, which replaced the share repurchase program announced on March 27, 2023, under which we may repurchase up to $3.0 billion of our Class A ordinary shares. The repurchases may be made in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The new share repurchase program has been approved by our board of directors through June 2027 and shareholders have approved the terms of our share repurchase contracts and counterparties thereto through May 2030. In 2025, we repurchased 37.4 million shares at a cost of approximately $1.2 billion. In 2024, we repurchased 8.4 million shares at a cost of approximately $229.9 million. As of December 31, 2025, approximately $1.8 billion remained available under the new share repurchase program.

In connection with our repurchase of Class A ordinary shares that began in the second quarter of 2023, RP Holdings also began to retire a corresponding number of RP Holdings’ Class A ordinary shares (“RP Holdings Class A Interests”) held by us which reduces our ownership in RP Holdings and which is reflected through Other exchanges in the tables below and in our consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity.
Non-Controlling Interests

The changes in the balances of our non-controlling interests are as follows (in thousands):

RPSFTLegacy Investors PartnershipsContinuing Investors Partnerships
Founder’s Equity(1)
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders
Total
December 31, 2022$(597)$1,527,887 $2,369,933 $ $ $3,897,223 
Contributions— 7,981 3,874 — — 11,855 
Distributions(4,437)(363,635)(119,649)— — (487,721)
Other exchanges— — (428,808)— — (428,808)
Net income5,045 167,483 392,726 — — 565,254 
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT(11)— — — — (11)
December 31, 2023$ $1,339,716 $2,218,076 $ $ $3,557,792 
Contributions— 5,161 3,877 — — 9,038 
Distributions— (351,474)(125,158)— — (476,632)
Other exchanges— — (166,243)— — (166,243)
Net income— 194,937 276,893 — — 471,830 
December 31, 2024$ $1,188,340 $2,207,445 $ $ $3,395,785 
Contributions 7,643 2,340 — — 9,983 
Distributions— (345,188)(119,683)(60,243)(16,148)(541,262)
Other exchanges— — (521,579)— 175,922 (345,657)
Share-based compensation— — — — 108,945 108,945 
Internalization— — — — 57,000 57,000 
Net income— 232,524 231,260 60,243 29,218 553,245 
December 31, 2025$ $1,083,319 $1,799,783 $ $354,937 $3,238,039 
(1)Amounts represent the entirety of the EPAs prior to the Internalization and only the Founder’s Equity portion after the Internalization.

Continuing Investors Partnerships

The Continuing Investors Partnerships hold the number of Class B ordinary shares equal to the number of RP Holdings Class B Interests indirectly held by them. As the Continuing Investors Partnerships exchange RP Holdings Class B Interests indirectly held by them for Class A ordinary shares, the Continuing Investors Partnerships’ indirect ownership in RP Holdings decreases.

RPSFT

We historically reported a non-controlling interest related to a de minimis interest in RPCT held by RPSFT. In December 2023, we acquired the remaining interest in RPCT held by RPSFT by effectively purchasing the net assets of RPSFT and its parent entities, which primarily consisted of cash and RPSFT’s right to receive a portion of royalties received by RPCT. The estimated purchase price, subject to post-closing adjustments, was approximately $11.4 million and was unpaid as of December 31, 2023. In 2024, we paid the finalized purchase price of approximately $12.5 million. Following this December 2023 transaction, RPSFT no longer holds a non-controlling interest in RPCT.

Founder’s Equity

In 2020, RP Holdings issued the RP Holdings Class C Special Interest which entitles the holder, through RPI EPA Vehicle, LLC and other intermediary entities that are ultimately controlled by our founder and Chief Executive Officer, Pablo Legorreta, to receive distributions of Equity Performance Awards (the “Founder’s Equity”).
Equity Performance Awards (“EPAs”) represent 20% of the Net Economic Profit (as defined below) generated from investments made during each two-year investment period (each, a “Portfolio”). Net Economic Profit is defined as the aggregate cash receipts for all new investments in a Portfolio, less Total Expenses, which is defined as interest expense, operating expense, and recovery of acquisition cost related to that Portfolio. Distributions of EPAs occur only upon the satisfaction of specified performance and return thresholds. EPAs are generally settled in RP Holdings Class B Interests, which are immediately exchanged upon issuance for Class A ordinary shares. A portion of the EPAs may be paid in cash as a tax advance to cover income tax obligations incurred by the beneficial owners of the RP Holdings Class C Special Interest.

Mr. Legorreta granted ownership units in the entities that hold the RP Holdings Class C Special Interest to certain employees of RPM. These grants allow such employees to participate on a pro rata basis in the economic returns of the EPAs for a specific Portfolio (the “Employee EPAs”). In exchange for participation in the EPAs, these employees agreed to render services to RPM for generally four years, commencing at the beginning of each Portfolio.

Prior to the Internalization, the service requirement for employee participation in the EPAs was previously tied to services rendered to RPM, which was not a consolidated entity. Accordingly, Founder’s Equity, including the employee participation in the EPAs, was accounted for as non-controlling interest. Post-Internalization, Founder’s Equity only includes Mr. Legorreta’s retained EPAs which continues to be accounted for as non-controlling interest.

Prior to 2025, no payments for EPAs were made as certain performance and return thresholds had not been met. In the first quarter of 2025, we began making payments for EPAs as these thresholds were met during the period. In 2025, total EPAs earned were $81.2 million, attributable to Founder’s Equity and Employee EPAs, with settlement consisting of a combination of approximately equal amounts in Class A ordinary shares and cash payments provided as tax advances. The table presented below summarizes the breakdown of total EPAs earned in 2025 (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31, 2025
Location Recorded in Consolidated Financial Statements
Founder’s Equity(1)
$60,243 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
Employee EPAs
20,943 
Accrued compensation liabilities (reduction of Employee EPAs liability)
Total$81,186 
Form of Settlement
Cash
$42,585 
Distributions to continuing non-controlling interests (Founder’s Equity)
Payments for Employee EPAs (Employee EPAs)
Shares(2)
$38,601 
Total$81,186 
(1)Founder’s Equity includes $38.4 million for Mr. Legorreta’s retained EPAs encompassing all of the 2025 period and $21.8 million attributable to employees’ participation in the EPAs, which were considered part of Founder’s Equity prior to the closing of the Internalization.
(2)Amount represents shares earned in 2025, substantially all of which were settled during the year except for $14.3 million payable as of December 31, 2025, which is expected to be settled in shares during the first quarter of 2026.

Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests

We issued 24.5 million RP Holdings Class E Interests as part of the transaction consideration for the Internalization, all of which were outstanding as of closing of the Internalization and approximately 24.45 million remained outstanding as of December 31, 2025. The Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests represent a non-controlling interest. The change in RP Holdings ownership following the issuance of RP Holdings Class E Interests is reflected through Other exchanges in the above table and in our consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity. The Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests are entitled to any dividends and distributions from RP Holdings pro rata (on a per share basis) and on a pari passu basis with each RP Holdings Class A Interest and RP Holdings Class B Interest. They are also entitled to a pro rata portion (on a per share basis) and on a pari passu basis with each RP Holdings Class A Interest and RP Holdings Class B Interest of RP Holdings’ net assets. Accordingly, we record Net income attributable to non-controlling interests for Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests based on the weighted average number of RP Holdings Class E Interests outstanding during the period. Upon vesting, the RP Holdings Class E Interests are exchangeable on a one-for-one basis for Royalty Pharma plc Class A ordinary shares. As of December 31, 2025, approximately 2.8 million of RP Holdings Class E Interests have legally vested.
Non-Controlling Interests Ownership

The changes in RP Holdings ownership among the Continuing Investors Partnerships, the Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests and us are reflected through Other exchanges in the above tables and in our consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity. These changes typically result from activities during the period, including (1) the exchanges of RP Holding Class B Interests for Class A ordinary shares, (2) retirement of RP Holdings Class A Interests in connection with our repurchase of Class A ordinary shares and (3) the exchanges of RP Holding Class E Interests for Class A ordinary shares.

As of December 31, 2025, the ownership of RP Holdings was as follows: 4% by the Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests, 22% by the Continuing Investors Partnerships and 74% by Royalty Pharma plc. As of December 31, 2024, the ownership of RP Holdings was as follows: 24% by the Continuing Investors Partnerships and 76% by Royalty Pharma plc. As of December 31, 2023 the ownership of RP Holdings was as follows: 25% by the Continuing Investors Partnerships and 75% by Royalty Pharma plc.

Dividends
The holders of Class A ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends subject to approval by our board of directors. The holders of Class B ordinary shares do not have any rights to receive dividends; however, RP Holdings Class B Interests and RP Holdings Class E Interests are entitled to dividends and distributions from RP Holdings. During 2025, we declared and paid four quarterly cash dividends of $0.22 per Class A ordinary share in an aggregate amount of $378.3 million to holders of our Class A ordinary shares.
v3.25.4
Available for Sale Debt Securities
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Available for Sale Debt Securities Available for Sale Debt Securities
Funding Arrangements with Cytokinetics

In May 2024, we expanded our funding collaboration with Cytokinetics, Incorporated (“Cytokinetics”). As part of the expanded funding collaboration, we provided funding of $100 million for Cytokinetics’ Phase 3 clinical trial of omecamtiv mecarbil (“Cytokinetics Development Funding”) and amended the funding agreement that we entered into with Cytokinetics in 2022 to provide two additional funding tranches (as amended, “Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding”). Following the amendment in May 2024, the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding is comprised of seven tranches with total funding of up to $525 million.

Our return on the Cytokinetics Development Funding depends on the outcome of omecamtiv mecarbil’s Phase 3 clinical trial and approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”). If omecamtiv mecarbil’s Phase 3 clinical trial is successful and approval by the FDA is received within a specific timeframe, we will receive a return of $100 million and the greater of an incremental 2.0% royalty on annual net sales of omecamtiv mecarbil or quarterly fixed payments for 18 quarters and an incremental 2.0% royalty thereafter. If FDA approval is not received within a specific timeframe, we will receive a return of 2.4 times the Cytokinetics Development Funding over 18 quarters. If the Phase 3 clinical trial is not successful within a specific timeframe, we will receive a return of 2.3 times the Cytokinetics Development Funding over 22 quarters.

Out of the seven tranches of the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding, we have funded a total of $275 million under tranches one, four, five and six as of December 31, 2025, including the required minimum draw in April 2025. Tranches two and three are no longer available because the related regulatory milestones were not met. In the fourth quarter of 2025, the contingency for tranche seven was met and up to $175 million became available for Cytokinetics to draw (“Cytokinetics Funding Commitments”) through the fourth quarter of 2026. For tranches one, four, five, six and seven, we expect a return of 1.9 times the amount drawn over 34 consecutive quarterly payments beginning on the last business day of the seventh quarter following the quarter each tranche was funded. In the fourth quarter of 2023, we began receiving quarterly repayments on tranche one.
We elected the fair value option to account for the Cytokinetics Development Funding and the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding (collectively the “Cytokinetics Funding Arrangements”) as it most accurately reflects the nature of the funding arrangements. The funded Cytokinetics Funding Arrangements are recorded within Available for sale debt securities on the consolidated balance sheets. The Cytokinetics Funding Commitments are recognized at fair value within Other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The changes in the fair value of the funded Cytokinetics Funding Arrangements and Cytokinetics Funding Commitments are recorded within Gains on available for sale debt securities in the consolidated statements of operations.

Further, as part of the expanded funding collaboration in May 2024, we purchased Cytokinetics common stock and provided funding for clinical trials of CK-586 in exchange for a royalty. Lastly, the funding collaboration also included the restructuring of our royalty on Myqorzo, formerly known as aficamten.

MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds

In September 2022, we provided MorphoSys funding of $300 million (“MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds”) for which we began receiving quarterly repayments in the fourth quarter of 2024. MorphoSys was acquired by Novartis in 2024. In January 2025, the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds were sold for approximately $511 million.

We elected the fair value option to account for the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds as it most accurately reflects the nature of the instrument. The MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds were recorded within Available for sale debt securities on the consolidated balance sheet. The changes in the fair value of the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds were recorded within Gains on available for sale debt securities in the consolidated statement of operations.

The table below summarizes our available for sale debt securities recorded at fair value (in thousands):

CostUnrealized GainsFair Value Current AssetsNon-Current AssetsNon-Current LiabilitiesTotal
As of December 31, 2025
Debt securities(1)
$382,378 $55,422 $437,800 $18,800 $419,000 $— $437,800 
Funding commitments(2)
(14,500)5,400 (9,100)— — (9,100)(9,100)
Total
$367,878 $60,822 $428,700 $18,800 $419,000 $(9,100)$428,700 
As of December 31, 2024
Debt securities(1)
$516,329 $235,371 $751,700 $58,200 $693,500 $— $751,700 
Funding commitments(2)
(12,300)220 (12,080)— — (12,080)(12,080)
Total$504,029 $235,591 $739,620 $58,200 $693,500 $(12,080)$739,620 
(1)The cost related to tranches one and six of the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding and the cost for the Cytokinetics Development Funding reflect the fair values on their respective funding dates. As of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the costs related to tranche four and five of the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding and the cost of the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds, respectively, represent the amounts funded. The costs are amortized as quarterly repayments are received. The MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds were sold in January 2025.
(2)The costs associated with the Cytokinetics Funding Commitments represent the fair values on their respective transaction dates.
v3.25.4
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table summarizes assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

As of December 31, 2025As of December 31, 2024
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets:
Money market funds(1)
$383,568 $ $ $383,568 $568,317 $— $— $568,317 
Available for sale debt securities(2)
— — 18,800 18,800 — — 58,200 58,200 
Total current assets$383,568 $ $18,800 $402,368 $568,317 $ $58,200 $626,517 
Equity securities(3)
171,312 — — 171,312 184,719 — 2,241 186,960 
Available for sale debt securities(2)
— — 419,000 419,000 — — 693,500 693,500 
Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative(4)
— — — — — — 12,000 12,000 
Royalty at fair value(3)
— — — — — — 5,323 5,323 
Total non-current assets$171,312 $ $419,000 $590,312 $184,719 $ $713,064 $897,783 
Liabilities:
Cytokinetics Funding Commitments
— — (9,100)(9,100)— — (12,080)(12,080)
Total non-current liabilities$ $ $(9,100)$(9,100)$ $ $(12,080)$(12,080)
(1)Recorded within Cash and cash equivalents on the consolidated balance sheets.
(2)Related to the funded Cytokinetics Funding Arrangements as of respective balance sheet dates. As of December 31, 2024, amount also included the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds, which were sold in January 2025.
(3)The amounts reflected within Level 3 as of December 31, 2024 relate to equity securities and a revenue participation right, recorded within Other assets on the consolidated balance sheet, that we acquired from ApiJect Holdings, Inc. (“ApiJect”), a private company. We elected the fair value option to account for our investments in ApiJect because it is more reflective of current values for such investments. We estimated the fair values related to both instruments using a discounted cash flow with Level 3 inputs, including forecasted cash flows and the weighted average cost of capital. In 2025, we wrote off the related balances. No amounts were due from or to ApiJect as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.
(4)Recorded within Other assets on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024. Upon adoption of ASU 2025-07 in 2025, the Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative qualified for the derivative scope exception and the related derivative asset was derecognized as of January 1, 2025. See Note 2-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional discussion.

For 2025, 2024 and 2023, we recognized losses of $39.6 million and $8.6 million and gains of $55.6 million, respectively, on equity securities still held as of December 31, 2025.
The tables presented below summarize the change in the combined fair value (current and non-current) of Level 3 financial instruments (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31, 2025
Equity SecuritiesDebt SecuritiesFunding CommitmentsDerivative InstrumentRoyalty at Fair Value
Balance at the beginning of the period$2,241 $751,700 $(12,080)$12,000 $5,323 
Purchases— 175,000 — — — 
Changes in fair value(1)
(2,241)42,679 3,180 — (5,323)
Sales(2)
— (510,553)— — — 
Settlement of options and forward(3)
— 200 (200)— — 
Redemptions(4)
— (21,226)— — — 
ASU 2025-07 adoption impact(5)
— — — (12,000)— 
Balance at the end of the period$ $437,800 $(9,100)$ $ 
(1)Changes in fair value of the financial instruments are recorded within their respective financial statement line items in the Other (income)/expense section of the consolidated statements of operations.
(2)The MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds were sold in January 2025.
(3)Amount reflects the fair value attributable to the draws under tranche four and five of the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding that were settled upon funding.
(4)Amount relates to the quarterly repayments on the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds prior to the sale and on the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding.
(5)Upon adoption of ASU 2025-07 in 2025, the Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative qualified for the derivative scope exception and the related derivative asset was derecognized as of January 1, 2025. See Note 2-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional discussion.

Year Ended December 31, 2024
Equity SecuritiesDebt SecuritiesFunding CommitmentsDerivative InstrumentRoyalty at Fair Value
Balance at the beginning of the period$297 $455,400 $(900)$ $1,778 
Purchases46,500 150,000 — 18,000 — 
Gains/(losses) on initial recognition(1)
— 5,000 (5,000)— — 
Changes in fair value(2)
1,562 161,086 (6,180)(6,000)3,545 
Transfer out of Level 3(3)
(46,118)— — — — 
Redemptions(4)
— (19,786)— — — 
Balance at the end of the period$2,241 $751,700 $(12,080)$12,000 $5,323 
(1)Represents purchase price allocation to arrive at the appropriate fair value on initial recognition.
(2)Changes in fair value of the financial instruments are recorded within their respective financial statement line items in the Other (income)/expense section of the consolidated statement of operations.
(3)Related to the expiration of the transfer restriction on Cytokinetics common stock.
(4)Amount relates to quarterly repayments on tranche one of the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding and the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds.

Valuation Inputs for Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Below is a discussion of the valuation inputs used for financial instruments classified as Level 3 measurement as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 in the fair value hierarchy. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, we did not have any financial instruments recorded at fair value using Level 2 inputs.
Cytokinetics Research & Development (“R&D”) Funding Derivative

In May 2024, we funded $50 million upfront in exchange for a royalty on CK-586. We have an option to fund up to an additional $150 million for which we would be eligible to receive milestone payments of up to $150 million upon regulatory approvals and an incremental royalty on CK-586. Upon a change of control event, we have the option to cause Cytokinetics to pay us 1.5 times the initial and additional funding amounts in a lump sum to terminate our rights to receive royalties and milestone payments. This funding arrangement was accounted for as a derivative instrument and recorded at fair value (“Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative”) as of December 31, 2024. We adopted ASU 2025-07 in 2025, effective January 1, 2025 and concluded that the Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative qualifies for the derivative scope exception. Accordingly, we recorded a $12.0 million cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2025 to derecognize the derivative asset and reflect the CK-586 funding arrangement as R&D expense. See Note 2-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional discussion.

We estimated the fair value of the Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative as of December 31, 2024 by utilizing probability-adjusted discounted cash flow calculations using Level 3 inputs, including the probabilities of us exercising the additional funding option, regulatory approvals and the occurrence of a change of control event during the duration of the arrangement. We also assumed a risk-adjusted discount rate of 11.1% as of December 31, 2024. Our estimate of expectation of timing and probabilities of us exercising the additional funding option, regulatory approvals and a change of control event, the risk-adjusted discount rate and the interest rate volatility could reasonably be different than the assumptions selected by a market participant, which would mean that the estimated fair value could be significantly higher or lower.

Cytokinetics Funding Arrangements and Cytokinetics Funding Commitments

We estimated the fair values of the funded Cytokinetics Funding Arrangements as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 by utilizing probability-adjusted discounted cash flow calculations using Level 3 inputs, including an estimated risk-adjusted discount rate and the probability that there will be a change of control event, which would result in accelerated payments. Developing a risk-adjusted discount rate and assessing the probability that there will be a change of control event over the duration of the Cytokinetics Funding Arrangements require significant judgment. Our estimate of the risk-adjusted discount rate could reasonably be different than the discount rate selected by a market participant, which would mean that the estimated fair value could be significantly higher or lower. Our expectation of the probability and timing of the occurrence of a change of control event could reasonably be different than the timing of an actual change of control event, and if so, would mean that the estimated fair value could be significantly higher or lower than the fair value determined by management at any particular date.

We estimated the fair value of the Cytokinetics Funding Commitments as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 using a Monte Carlo simulation methodology that includes simulating the interest rate movements using a Geometric Brownian Motion-based pricing model. This methodology simulates the likelihood of future discount rates exceeding the counterparty’s assumed cost of debt, which would impact Cytokinetics’ decision to exercise its option to draw on each respective tranche. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024 this methodology incorporates Level 3 inputs, including the probability of a change of control event occurring during the investment term, an assumed interest rate volatility of 42.5% and 40.0%, respectively, and an assumed risk-adjusted discount rate of 10.9% and 11.1%, respectively. We also assumed probabilities for the occurrence of each regulatory or clinical milestone, which impacts the availability of each future tranche of funding. Our estimate of expectation of the probability and timing of the occurrence of a change of control event, the risk-adjusted discount rate, the interest rate volatility and the probabilities of each underlying milestone could reasonably be different than the assumptions selected by a market participant, which would mean that the estimated fair value could be significantly higher or lower.

MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds

We estimated the fair value of the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds as of December 31, 2024 based on a discounted cash flow calculation using estimated risk-adjusted discount rates, which are Level 3 inputs. Our estimate of the risk adjusted discount rates could reasonably be different than the discount rates selected by a market participant, which would mean that the estimated fair value could be significantly higher or lower. The MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds were sold in January 2025.
Fair Value Disclosure of Financial Assets Not Measured at Fair Value

Financial royalty assets are not measured at fair value. Instead, they are measured and carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method on the consolidated balance sheets. Financial royalty assets do not include our entire portfolio of investments and specifically exclude the following:

1.development-stage product candidates where the funding was (i) expensed as upfront R&D upon acquisition (e.g., Trodelvy and Nurtec ODT) or (ii) expensed as ongoing R&D (e.g., our funding arrangement for litifilimab with Biogen); and
2.contractual funding arrangements (e.g., the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds and the Cytokinetics Funding Arrangements), which are accounted for as available for sale debt securities.

We used a Monte Carlo simulation under the option pricing framework to calculate the fair value of our portfolio of financial royalty assets for disclosure given the complexity of our royalty investments, which may include features such as milestone payments, royalty tiers, caps, and floors that could alter the cash flows based on future commercial, clinical or regulatory outcomes. The Monte Carlo model allows us to simulate a range of different outcomes based on various inputs, primarily the underlying projected product sales of each royalty bearing product, to project the cash flows, including royalty receipts and milestone payments, based on each of the simulated sales scenarios. The Monte Carlo methodology also takes volatility at the sales level into consideration. The fair value of financial royalty assets disclosed herein is classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy since it is determined based on inputs that are both significant and unobservable.

As of December 31, 2025, the estimated fair values of the current and non-current portions of financial royalty assets were $0.9 billion and $23.4 billion, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, approximately 7% of the current portion and 7% of the non-current portion of the financial royalty assets was attributable to the legacy non-controlling interests.

As of December 31, 2024, the estimated fair values of the current and non-current portions of financial royalty assets were $0.8 billion and $21.4 billion, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, approximately 9% of the current portion and 8% of the non-current portion of the financial royalty assets was attributable to the legacy non-controlling interests.
v3.25.4
Financial Royalty Assets
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Receivables [Abstract]  
Financial Royalty Assets Financial Royalty Assets
Financial royalty assets consist of contractual rights to cash flows relating to royalties derived from the expected sales of patent-protected biopharmaceutical products that entitle us and our subsidiaries to receive a portion of income from the sale of such products by third parties.
The gross carrying value, cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows, exclusive of the allowance for credit losses, and net carrying value for the current and non-current portion of financial royalty assets are as follows (in thousands):

As of December 31, 2025
Estimated Royalty Duration(1)
Gross Carrying Value
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9)
Net Carrying Value(3)
Cystic fibrosis franchise
2039-2041(2)
$4,901,121 $— $4,901,121 
Evrysdi2035-20362,331,262 (494,123)1,837,139 
Voranigo
2038
982,802 — 982,802 
Trelegy
2029-2030
993,629 (17,356)976,273 
Imdelltra
2038-2041
924,239 — 924,239 
Tremfya
2031-2032
909,607 — 909,607 
Other
2025-2042
9,417,689 (2,674,043)6,743,646 
Total$20,460,349 $(3,185,522)$17,274,827 
Less: Cumulative allowance for credit losses (Note 9)
(211,959)
Total current and non-current financial royalty assets, net$17,062,868 
(1)Durations shown represent our estimates as of the current reporting date of when a royalty will substantially end, which may vary by geography and may depend on clinical trial results, regulatory approvals, contractual terms, commercial developments, estimates of regulatory exclusivity and patent expiration dates (which may include estimated patent term extensions) or other factors. There can be no assurances that our royalties will expire when expected.
(2)Royalty is perpetual. We estimate royalty duration of 2039-2041 due to expected Alyftrek patent expiration and potential generic entry thereafter leading to sales decline.
(3)The net carrying value by asset is presented before the allowance for credit losses. Refer to Note 9-Cumulative Allowance and the Provision for Changes in Expected Cash Flows from Financial Royalty Assets for additional information.

As of December 31, 2025, the balance of $17.1 billion above for total current and non-current financial royalty assets, net included $1.4 billion in unapproved financial royalty assets held at cost related to frexalimab for $522.6 million and other assets, including primarily olpasiran, pelacarsen, neladalkib and olanzapine (TEV-’749).

As of December 31, 2024
Estimated Royalty Duration(1)
Gross Carrying Value
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9)
Net Carrying Value(4)
Cystic fibrosis franchise
2039-2041(2)
$5,126,521 $(259,353)$4,867,168 
Evrysdi2035-20362,085,851 (378,565)1,707,286 
Trelegy2029-20301,121,980 (66,647)1,055,333 
Tysabri
(3)
1,319,298 (276,134)1,043,164 
Voranigo
2038
946,588 — 946,588 
Tremfya
2031-2032
935,069 (77,895)857,174 
Other
2025-2042
8,164,902 (2,492,565)5,672,337 
Total$19,700,209 $(3,551,159)$16,149,050 
Less: Cumulative allowance for credit losses (Note 9)
(238,122)
Total current and non-current financial royalty assets, net$15,910,928 
(1)Durations shown represent our estimates as of December 31, 2024 of when a royalty will substantially end, which may vary by geography and may depend on clinical trial results, regulatory approvals, contractual terms, commercial developments, estimates of regulatory exclusivity and patent expiration dates (which may include estimated patent term extensions) or other factors. There can be no assurances that our royalties will expire when expected.
(2)Royalty is perpetual. We estimate royalty duration of 2039-2041 due to expected Alyftrek patent expiration and potential generic entry thereafter leading to sales decline.
(3)Royalty is perpetual. We have applied an end date of 2035 for purposes of accreting income over the royalty term, which is periodically reviewed based on our estimates of impact from biosimilars.
(4)The net carrying value by asset is presented before the allowance for credit losses. Refer to Note 9-Cumulative Allowance and the Provision for Changes in Expected Cash Flows from Financial Royalty Assets for additional information.
v3.25.4
Cumulative Allowance and the Provision for Changes in Expected Cash Flows from Financial Royalty Assets
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Credit Loss [Abstract]  
Cumulative Allowance and the Provision for Changes in Expected Cash Flows from Financial Royalty Assets Cumulative Allowance and the Provision for Changes in Expected Cash Flows from Financial Royalty Assets
The cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets is presented net within the non-current portion of financial royalty assets on the consolidated balance sheets and includes the following:

the movement in the cumulative allowance related to changes in forecasted royalty payments to be received based on royalty bearing products’ projected sales which are primarily derived from sell-side equity research analysts’ consensus sales forecasts,
the write-off of cumulative allowance at the end of a royalty asset’s life which only impacts the consolidated balance sheets, and
the movement in the cumulative allowance for current expected credit losses, primarily associated with new financial royalty assets with limited protective rights and changes in the underlying cash flow forecasts of financial royalty assets with limited protective rights.

The following table sets forth the activity in the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets, inclusive of the cumulative allowance for credit losses (in thousands):

Activity for the Year
Balance at December 31, 2022(1)
$(2,591,882)
Increases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets(1,006,933)
Decreases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets468,562 
Write-off of cumulative allowance87,393 
Provision for credit losses, net(2)
(22,285)
Balance at December 31, 2023$(3,065,145)
Increases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets(1,438,001)
Decreases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets805,955 
Write-off of cumulative allowance8,325 
Provision for credit losses, net(2)
(100,415)
Balance at December 31, 2024
$(3,789,281)
Increases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets(687,269)
Decreases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets956,944 
Write-off of cumulative allowance95,962 
Provision for credit losses, net(2)
26,163 
Balance at December 31, 2025$(3,397,481)
(1)Includes $115.4 million related to cumulative allowance for credit losses.
(2)In 2023, the provision expense for credit losses was primarily related to the additions of Adstiladrin and Skytrofa to our portfolio. In 2024, the provision expense for credit losses was primarily related to the addition of Niktimvo to our portfolio. In 2025, the provision income for credit losses was primarily related to Niktimvo as a result of changes in sell-side equity research analysts’ consensus sales forecasts, partially offset by the addition of Imdelltra to our portfolio.
v3.25.4
Non-Consolidated Affiliates
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Non-Consolidated Affiliates Non-Consolidated Affiliates
We have equity investments in certain entities at a level that provide us with significant influence. We account for such investments as equity method investments or as equity securities over which we have elected the fair value option.
The Legacy SLP Interest

In connection with the Exchange Offer, we acquired a special limited partnership interest in the Legacy Investors Partnerships (the “Legacy SLP Interest”) from the Continuing Investors Partnerships for $303.7 million in exchange for issuing shares in our subsidiary. As a result, we became a special limited partner in the Legacy Investors Partnerships. The Legacy SLP Interest entitles us to the equivalent of performance distribution payments that would have been paid to the general partner of the Legacy Investors Partnerships and an income allocation on a similar basis. Our income allocation is equal to the general partner’s former contractual rights to the income of the Legacy Investors Partnerships, net of amortization of the basis difference. The Legacy SLP Interest is accounted for under the equity method as we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the Legacy Investors Partnerships. The Legacy Investors Partnerships no longer participate in investment opportunities from June 30, 2020 and, as such, the value of the Legacy SLP Interest is expected to decline over time. The Legacy Investors Partnerships also indirectly own a non-controlling interest in Old RPI.

The income allocation from the Legacy SLP Interest is based on an estimate as the Legacy Investors Partnerships are private partnerships that report on a lag. Management’s estimate of equity in earnings from the Legacy SLP Interest for the current period will be updated for historical results in the subsequent period. Equity in earnings from the Legacy SLP Interest is recorded within Equity in earnings of equity method investees. We recorded income allocations of $17.0 million, $10.4 million and $4.3 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. We collected cash receipts from the Legacy SLP Interest of $74.8 million, $22.7 million and $14.3 million during 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The Avillion Entities

We account for our partnership interests in Avillion Financing I, LP and its related entities (“Avillion I”) and BAv Financing II, LP and its related entities (“Avillion II” and, together with Avillion I, the “Avillion Entities”) as equity method investments because RPIFT has the ability to exercise significant influence over the Avillion Entities. Equity in earnings from the Avillion Entities is recorded within Equity in earnings of equity method investees. We recorded income allocations of $12.1 million, $19.2 million and $24.6 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

On December 19, 2017, the FDA approved a supplemental New Drug Application (“NDA”) for Pfizer’s Bosulif. Avillion I is eligible to receive fixed payments from Pfizer based on this approval under its co-development agreement with Pfizer. The only operations of Avillion I are the collection of cash and unwinding of the discount on the series of fixed annual payments due from Pfizer. We received distributions from Avillion I of $13.4 million in each of 2025 and 2024, and $13.6 million in 2023.

In May 2018, we entered into an agreement with Avillion II, which was subsequently amended, to fund a total of $155 million over multiple years for a portion of the costs of Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials to advance Airsupra, formerly known as PT027, which was approved by the FDA in January 2023. Avillion II is a party to a co-development agreement with AstraZeneca to develop Airsupra for the treatment of asthma in exchange for royalties, a series of success-based milestones and other potential payments. In the first quarter of 2023, AstraZeneca notified Avillion II that it elected to pay a fee of $80 million to Avillion II to exercise an option to commercialize Airsupra in the United States and we received our pro rata portion of the exercise fee of $34.8 million from Avillion II. In the fourth quarter of 2024, Airsupra met the primary endpoint in the Phase 3 clinical trial and triggered a milestone payment of $55 million from AstraZeneca to Avillion II, of which we received our pro rata share of approximately $27.4 million in the first quarter of 2025. In the third quarter of 2025, the FDA approval of a supplemental NDA for Airsupra triggered a milestone payable of $22 million from AstraZeneca to Avillion II, of which we received our pro rata share of approximately $10 million in January 2026. We received distributions of $3.0 million and $1.0 million from Avillion II related to the Airsupra royalty in 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Our maximum exposure to loss at any particular reporting date is limited to the carrying value of our equity method investments plus the unfunded commitments. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, we had unfunded commitments related to the Avillion Entities of $10.3 million.
v3.25.4
Research and Development Funding Expense
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Research and Development [Abstract]  
Research and Development Funding Expense Research and Development Funding Expense
R&D funding expense consists of certain development-stage funding payments that we have made to counterparties to acquire royalties or milestones on product candidates. The payments can be made upfront as milestones upon the achievement of certain predefined criteria, or over time as the related product candidates undergo clinical trials. In the first quarter of 2025, we entered into an R&D funding arrangement with Biogen to provide $250 million over six quarters, including $50 million upfront for the development of litifilimab. We did not enter into any new ongoing R&D funding arrangements in 2024 or 2023.

We recognized R&D funding expense of $452.0 million, $2.0 million and $52.0 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The R&D expense in 2025 is primarily related to an upfront payment of $250.0 million to acquire royalties on daraxonrasib and the R&D funding arrangement for litifilimab. The R&D expense in 2024 related to ongoing development-stage funding payments. The R&D expense in 2023 primarily related to a $50.0 million clinical milestone payment to Cytokinetics for Myqorzo, formerly known as aficamten.

As of December 31, 2025, we had an unfunded commitment of $50 million related to the R&D funding arrangement with Biogen for litifilimab.
v3.25.4
Borrowings
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Borrowings Borrowings
Our borrowings consisted of the following (in thousands):

Type of BorrowingDate of IssuanceMaturityAs of December 31, 2025As of December 31, 2024
Senior Unsecured Notes:
$1,000,000, 1.20% (issued at 98.875% of par)
9/20209/2025$— $1,000,000 
$1,000,000, 1.75% (issued at 98.284% of par)
9/20209/20271,000,000 1,000,000 
$500,000, 5.15% (issued at 98.758% of par)
6/20249/2029500,000 500,000 
$1,000,000, 2.20% (issued at 97.760% of par)
9/20209/20301,000,000 1,000,000 
$600,000, 4.45% (issued at 98.909% of par)
9/20253/2031600,000 — 
$600,000, 2.15% (issued at 98.263% of par)
7/20219/2031600,000 600,000 
$500,000, 5.40% (issued at 97.872% of par)
6/20249/2034500,000 500,000 
$900,000, 5.20% (issued at 97.989% of par)
9/20259/2035900,000 — 
$1,000,000, 3.30% (issued at 95.556% of par)
9/20209/20401,000,000 1,000,000 
$1,000,000, 3.55% (issued at 95.306% of par)
9/20209/20501,000,000 1,000,000 
$700,000, 3.35% (issued at 97.565% of par)
7/20219/2051700,000 700,000 
$500,000, 5.90% (issued at 97.617% of par)
6/20249/2054500,000 500,000
$500,000, 5.95% (issued at 95.824% of par)
9/20259/2055500,000 
Term LoanSee below7/2026380,000 
Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs(229,083)(187,574)
Total debt carrying value8,950,917 7,612,426
Less: Current portion of long-term debt(380,000)(997,773)
Total long-term debt$8,570,917 $6,614,653 

Senior Unsecured Notes

In September 2025, we issued $2.0 billion of senior unsecured notes (the “2025 Notes”). The 2025 Notes were issued at a total discount of $45.5 million and we capitalized approximately $16.2 million in debt issuance costs, primarily composed of underwriting fees. The 2025 Notes were issued with a weighted average coupon rate and a weighted average effective interest rate of 5.16% and 5.61%, respectively.

In June 2024, we issued $1.5 billion of senior unsecured notes (the “2024 Notes”). The 2024 Notes were issued at a total discount of $28.8 million and we capitalized approximately $12.6 million in debt issuance costs primarily composed of underwriting fees. The 2024 Notes were issued with a weighted average coupon rate and a weighted average effective interest rate of 5.48% and 5.92%, respectively.
We issued $1.3 billion and $6.0 billion of senior unsecured notes in 2021 (the “2021 Notes”) and 2020 (the “2020 Notes” and, collectively with the “2021 Notes”, “2024 Notes” and “2025 Notes”, the “Notes”), respectively. The 2021 Notes and 2020 Notes were issued at a total discount of $176.4 million and we capitalized approximately $52.7 million in debt issuance costs primarily composed of underwriting fees. The 2021 Notes were issued with a weighted average coupon rate and a weighted average effective interest rate of 2.80% and 3.06%, respectively. The 2020 Notes were issued with a weighted average coupon rate and a weighted average effective interest rate of 2.13% and 2.50%, respectively. Through December 31, 2025, we have repaid $2.0 billion of the 2020 Notes upon maturity.

Interest on each series of the Notes accrues at the respective rate per annum and is payable semi-annually in arrears in March and September of each year. The first interest payment for the 2025 Notes will be in March 2026.

The Notes may be redeemed at our option at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed and (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the Notes to be redeemed (exclusive of interest accrued to the date of redemption) discounted to the redemption date on a semiannual basis at the treasury rate, plus a make-whole premium as defined in the indenture. In each case, accrued and unpaid interest is also required to be redeemed to the date of redemption.

Upon the occurrence of a change of control triggering event and downgrade in the rating of our Notes by two of three credit agencies, the holders may require us to repurchase all or part of their Notes at a price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of repurchase.

Our obligations under the Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by RP Holdings and RP Manager, our non-wholly-owned subsidiaries. We are required to comply with certain covenants under our Notes and as of December 31, 2025, we were in compliance with all applicable covenants.

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the fair value of our outstanding Notes using Level 2 inputs was approximately $7.9 billion and $6.5 billion, respectively.

Term Loan

In connection with the Internalization, RP Holdings and RP Manager were each joined as a borrower under RPM’s then existing $380 million term loan (the “Term Loan”) with Bank of America, N.A (as amended, the “Loan Agreement”). Pablo Legorreta, Legorreta Investments, LLC and Legorreta Investments II LLC are guarantors under the Term Loan. Upon the closing of the Internalization, RPM was released as a borrower under the Term Loan. In the third quarter of 2025, the Loan Agreement was amended to accelerate the maturity of the Term Loan to July 31, 2026 and decrease the applicable interest rate. Following the amendment, the Term Loan is subject to an interest rate, at our option, of either (i) the Daily SOFR plus 1.25% or (ii) Term SOFR plus 1.25%, each as defined in the Loan Agreement. Interest is payable in arrears quarterly. We made the first interest payment in the third quarter of 2025. As of December 31, 2025, the carrying value of the Term Loan approximates fair value, as the interest rate is variable and reflects current market rates. The Term Loan is subject to certain customary covenants, that among other things, require us to maintain (i) a Consolidated Leverage Ratio, (ii) a Consolidated Coverage Ratio, and (iii) a Consolidated Portfolio Cash Flow Ratio, each as described further below under the description of the Credit Agreement that governs the Revolving Credit Facility.

Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility

Our subsidiary, RP Holdings, as borrower, initially entered into the Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) on September 15, 2021, which provides for an unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). Amendment No. 3 to the Credit Agreement, which was entered into on December 22, 2023, increased the borrowing capacity to $1.8 billion for general corporate purposes with $1.69 billion of the revolving commitments maturing on December 22, 2028 and the remaining $110.0 million of revolving commitments maturing on October 31, 2027. On January 24, 2024 and April 8, 2025, we entered into Amendments No. 4 and 5, respectively, to the Credit Agreement to make certain technical modifications. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, there were no outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility.
The Revolving Credit Facility is subject to an interest rate, at our option, of either (a) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (1) the administrative agent’s prime rate, (2) the federal funds rate plus 0.5% and (3) Term SOFR plus 1% or (b) Daily SOFR, Term SOFR, the Alternative Currency Term Rate or the Alternative Currency Daily Rate (each as defined in the Credit Agreement), plus in each case, the applicable margin. The applicable margin for the Revolving Credit Facility varies based on our public debt rating. Accordingly, the interest rates for the Revolving Credit Facility fluctuate during the term of the facility based on changes in the applicable interest rate and future changes in our public debt rating.

The Credit Agreement that governs the Revolving Credit Facility and the amended loan agreement that governs the Term Loan contain certain customary covenants, that among other things, require us to maintain (i) a Consolidated Leverage Ratio at or below 4.00 to 1.00 (or at or below 4.50 to 1.00 following a qualifying material acquisition) of consolidated funded debt to Adjusted EBITDA, each as defined and calculated as set forth in the Credit Agreement, (ii) a Consolidated Coverage Ratio at or above 2.50 to 1.00 of Adjusted EBITDA to consolidated interest expense, each as defined and calculated as set forth in the Credit Agreement and (iii) a Consolidated Portfolio Cash Flow Ratio at or below 5.00 to 1.00 (or at or below 5.50 to 1.00 following a qualifying material acquisition) of consolidated funded debt to Portfolio Cash Flow, each as defined and calculated as set forth in the Credit Agreement. All obligations under the Revolving Credit Facility are unconditionally guaranteed by us. Noncompliance with the leverage ratio, Portfolio Cash Flow ratio and interest coverage ratio covenants under the Credit Agreement could result in our lenders requiring us to immediately repay all amounts borrowed. The Credit Agreement includes customary covenants for credit facilities of this type that limit our ability to engage in certain activities, such as incurring additional indebtedness, paying dividends, making certain payments and acquiring and disposing of assets. We were in compliance with the financial covenants as of December 31, 2025.

Uncommitted Credit Facility

In August 2025, we entered into an uncommitted line of credit agreement with Société Générale (the “Uncommitted Credit Facility”) which provides for an aggregate borrowing capacity of up to $350.0 million for general corporate purposes within a quarter. As of December 31, 2025, there were no outstanding borrowings under the Uncommitted Credit Facility.

Principal Payments on the Borrowings

The future principal payments for our borrowings as of December 31, 2025 are as follows (in thousands):

YearPrincipal Payments
2026$380,000 
20271,000,000 
2028
2029500,000
20301,000,000
Thereafter6,300,000
Total(1)
$9,180,000 
(1)Excludes unamortized debt discount and issuance costs of $229.1 million as of December 31, 2025, which are amortized through interest expense over the remaining life of the underlying debt obligations.
v3.25.4
Earnings per Share
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings per Share Earnings per Share
In 2025, Class B ordinary shares contingently issuable for the EPAs were evaluated and included in the diluted earnings per share computation as certain conditions were met. In 2024 and 2023, Class B ordinary shares contingently issuable for the EPA were evaluated and were determined not to have any dilutive impact.

In the second quarter of 2025, we issued 24.5 million RP Holdings Class E Interests and an equal number of Royalty Pharma plc Class B ordinary shares which, upon vesting, are exchangeable on a one-for-one basis for Royalty Pharma plc Class A ordinary shares. We use the “if-converted” method to determine the potentially dilutive effect related to the RP Holdings Class E Interests.
The following table sets forth the reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per Class A ordinary share (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Years Ended December 31,
202520242023
Numerator
Consolidated net income$1,324,192 $1,330,813 $1,700,088 
Less: Net income attributable to the Continuing Investors Partnerships231,260 276,893 392,726
Less: Net income attributable to the Legacy Investors Partnerships232,524 194,937 172,528
Less: Net income attributable to the Founder’s Equity(1)
60,243 — — 
Less: Net income attributable to the RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders29,218 — — 
Net income attributable to Royalty Pharma plc - basic770,947 858,983 1,134,834
Add: Reallocation of net income attributable to the Continuing Investors Partnerships from the assumed exchanges of Class B ordinary shares231,260 276,893 392,726
Add: Reallocation of net income attributable to the Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests from the assumed exchanges of eligible Class B ordinary shares3,315 — — 
Net income attributable to Royalty Pharma plc - diluted$1,005,522 $1,135,876 $1,527,560 
Denominator
Weighted average Class A ordinary shares outstanding - basic429,801 448,185 447,601
Add: Dilutive effects as shown separately below
Assumed exchanges of Class B ordinary shares by Continuing Investors Partnerships132,616 145,911 155,292
Unvested RSUs14 12 7
Shares contingently issuable for the Equity Performance Awards270 — — 
Assumed exchanges of eligible Class B ordinary shares by Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests1,754 — — 
Weighted average Class A ordinary shares outstanding - diluted564,455 594,108 602,900
Earnings per Class A ordinary share - basic$1.79 $1.92 $2.54 
Earnings per Class A ordinary share - diluted$1.78 $1.91 $2.53 
(1)Amounts represent the entirety of the EPAs prior to the Internalization and only the Founder’s Equity portion after the Internalization.
v3.25.4
Indirect Cash Flow
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]  
Indirect Cash Flow Indirect Cash Flow
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities are summarized below (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,
202520242023
Cash flow from operating activities:
Consolidated net income$1,324,192 $1,330,813 $1,700,088 
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Income from financial royalty assets(2,261,152)(2,149,422)(2,197,754)
Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets(295,838)732,461 560,656 
Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments89,032 — — 
Share-based compensation289,894 2,344 2,357 
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs22,440 19,562 20,499 
Losses on derivative financial instruments— 6,000 2,290 
Losses/(gains) on equity securities21,852 (39,549)(87,139)
Equity in earnings of equity method investees(29,089)(29,611)(28,882)
Distributions from equity method investees13,396 13,396 18,823 
Amortization of prepaid expenses6,197 — — 
Gains on available for sale debt securities(45,859)(154,906)(230,840)
Depreciation3,852 — — 
Other13,307 1,105 20,912 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Cash collected on financial royalty assets3,354,750 2,983,410 3,201,410 
Other royalty income receivable(2,360)(4,551)(1,521)
Other current assets(7,723)13,844 3,147 
Other assets276 — — 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(13,928)(2,290)6,236 
Interest payable8,934 46,380 (2,480)
Other liabilities(2,350)— — 
Net cash provided by operating activities$2,489,823 $2,768,986 $2,987,802 

Non-cash investing and financing activities are summarized below (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,
202520242023
Milestone payable - Trelegy(1)
$50,000 $50,000 $— 
Milestone payable - Erleada(1)
— 18,600 — 
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT(2)
— — 11,375 
(1)Related to the achievement of sales-based milestones that were not paid as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.
(2)Related to the purchase of the remaining interest in RPCT held by RPSFT that was not paid as of December 31, 2023. Refer to Note 5-Shareholders’ Equity for additional discussion.
v3.25.4
Commitments and Contingencies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies Commitments and Contingencies
Revolution Medicines Funding Commitments

In June 2025, we entered into a two part funding arrangement for up to $2 billion with Revolution Medicines, Inc. (“Revolution Medicines”). The funding arrangement is comprised of the purchase of a royalty on daraxonrasib and a senior secured term loan.
The royalty purchase is comprised of five $250 million tranches, totaling up to $1.25 billion. Out of the five tranches, the first tranche was funded upon closing which was recorded as R&D funding expense. Revolution Medicines is required to draw the second tranche upon the occurrence of a certain clinical milestone and has the option to draw the remaining tranches upon the achievement of certain clinical, regulatory, or sales-based milestones. As of December 31, 2025, $1 billion of the royalty remained unfunded.

The term loan is comprised of three $250 million tranches, totaling up to $750 million. Out of the three tranches, Revolution Medicines is required to draw the first tranche upon the occurrence of a certain regulatory milestone and has the option to draw the remaining tranches upon the achievement of certain sales-based milestones. As of December 31, 2025, $750 million of the term loan remained unfunded.

We recorded an allowance for credit losses of $89.0 million within Other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet and a corresponding provision for credit losses in 2025 within Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments in the consolidated statements of operations, related to the unfunded portions of the funding arrangements with Revolution Medicines.

Cytokinetics Funding Commitments

As of December 31, 2025, $175 million remained available under the Cytokinetics Funding Commitments.

Leases

In connection with the Internalization, we entered into an operating lease agreement for our office space. The lease agreement has a non-cancelable term through October 31, 2031 and a five-year extension option. The extension option is not recognized as part of our right of use asset and lease liability. As of December 31, 2025, we have recognized $19.1 million of right of use asset within Other assets and $16.1 million of lease liability within Other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.

As of December 31, 2025, the future minimum lease payments under the non-cancelable operating lease are as follows (in thousands):

YearPayments
2026$4,053 
20273,776 
20283,721 
20293,726 
20303,755 
Thereafter3,129 
Total lease payments22,160
Less: imputed interest(2,903)
Present value of lease liabilities$19,257 

Other Commitments

We have commitments to advance funds to counterparties through our investment in the Avillion Entities and R&D arrangements. Please refer to Note 10-Non-Consolidated Affiliates and Note 11-Research and Development Funding Expense for details of these arrangements.

Indemnifications

In the ordinary course of our business, we may enter into contracts or agreements that contain customary indemnifications relating to such things as confidentiality agreements and representations as to corporate existence and authority to enter into contracts. The maximum exposure under such agreements is indeterminable until a claim, if any, is made. However, no such claims have been made against us to date and we believe that the likelihood of such proceedings taking place in the future is remote.
Legal Proceedings

We are a party to legal actions with respect to a variety of matters in the ordinary course of business. Some of these proceedings may be based on complex claims involving substantial uncertainties and unascertainable damages. Unless otherwise noted, it is not possible to determine the probability of loss or estimate damages, and therefore we have not established accruals for any of these proceedings on our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. When we determine that a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable, we record a liability, and, if the liability is material, we disclose the amount of the liability reserved. We do not believe the outcome of any existing legal proceedings to which we are a party, either individually or in the aggregate, will adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Beginning in the second quarter of 2025, we did not receive from Vertex the full amount of royalty receipts on Alyftrek net sales to which we believe that we are contractually entitled. Accordingly, we commenced the dispute resolution procedures contemplated by the agreements relating to our royalties on Vertex’s cystic fibrosis products. Any amounts receivable by us, if any, in connection with this dispute will be recognized only upon the resolution of the matter in our favor.
v3.25.4
Related Party Transactions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions Related Party Transactions
Internalization

On May 16, 2025, we acquired from the Sellers all of the equity interests in RP Manager. The Sellers included Pablo Legorreta, RPM I, LLC and RP MIP Holdings. Pablo Legorreta was the managing member of the Legacy Manager, holds an interest in us and serves as our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of our board of directors. The equity interest holders of RP MIP Holdings include our named executive officers. The Sellers received cash and equity consideration, with the equity consideration subject to vesting conditions. Refer to Note 3-Internalization for additional discussion.

Payments to Legacy Manager

Prior to the Internalization, we paid a quarterly operating and personnel payment to RPM or its affiliates pursuant to the Legacy Management Agreement equal to 6.5% of the cash receipts from Royalty Investments (as defined in the Legacy Management Agreement) for such quarter and 0.25% of the value of our security investments under GAAP as of the end of such quarter (“Management Fees”). We also paid certain costs and expenses of RPM. After the Internalization, we no longer pay Management Fees or RPM’s costs and expenses.

Total operating and personnel payments incurred, including the amounts attributable to Old RPI, which is an obligation of Legacy Investors Partnerships, are recognized within General and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. During 2025, 2024 and 2023, total operating and personnel payments incurred were $115.7 million, $188.6 million and $204.6 million, respectively.

Payments from Legacy Manager

After the Internalization, we entered into an agreement with RPM to provide administrative services in exchange for a fee. In 2025, we did not recognize material income related to this agreement.
Distributions Payable to Non-Controlling Interests

The Distributions to continuing non-controlling interests includes the contractual cash flows required to be distributed to the Legacy Investors Partnerships based on their non-controlling interest in Old RPI and the unpaid portion of the distributions for Equity Performance Awards attributable to the Founder’s Equity as of quarter end. Refer to Note 5-Shareholders’ Equity for additional discussion of the Equity Performance Awards. The distributions payable to non-controlling interests consists of the following (in thousands):

As of December 31, 2025As of December 31, 2024
Payable to Founder
$6,733 $— 
Payable to Legacy Investors Partnerships66,092 75,811 
Total distributions payable to non-controlling interests
$72,825 $75,811 

Acquisition from Bristol Myers Squibb

In November 2017, RPI Acquisitions (Ireland), Limited (“RPI Acquisitions”), a consolidated subsidiary, entered into a purchase agreement with Bristol Myers Squibb (“BMS”) to acquire from BMS a percentage of its future royalties on worldwide sales of Onglyza, Farxiga and related diabetes products marketed by AstraZeneca (the “BMS Purchase Agreement”). On December 8, 2017, RPI Acquisitions entered into a purchase, sale and assignment agreement (“Assignment Agreement”) with a wholly-owned subsidiary of BioPharma Credit PLC (“BPCR”), an entity related to us. Under the terms of the Assignment Agreement, RPI Acquisitions assigned the benefit of 50% of the payment stream acquired from BMS to BPCR in consideration for BPCR meeting 50% of the funding obligations owed to BMS under the BMS Purchase Agreement.

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the financial royalty asset of $9.4 million and $44.7 million, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets represented only our right to the future payment streams acquired from BMS.

Other Transactions

In October 2025, we acquired preferred stock in Kailera Therapeutics Inc. (“Kailera”) which was recorded within Other Assets on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2025. Christopher Hite, our Executive Vice President & Vice Chairman, has served as a director of Kailera since June 2025. This acquisition was conducted in the ordinary course of business and Mr. Hite’s role as a director of Kailera is unrelated to this acquisition. No amounts were due from or to Kailera as of December 31, 2025.

In January 2024, we acquired a royalty interest in ecopipam which was previously owned by Psyadon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Psyadon”). Errol De Souza, Ph.D., an independent director on our board of directors, was a shareholder of Psyadon. In connection with this transaction, Dr. De Souza received an upfront payment of $2.5 million and could receive milestone payments of up to $2.22 million in the future.

In connection with the Exchange Offer, we acquired the Legacy SLP Interest from the Continuing Investors Partnerships in exchange for issuing shares in our subsidiary. As a result, we became a special limited partner in the Legacy Investors Partnerships. The Legacy Investors Partnerships own a non-controlling interest in Old RPI. Refer to Note 10-Non-Consolidated Affiliates for additional discussion of the Legacy SLP Interest and our investments in other non-consolidated entities.

RPIFT owns 27,210 limited partnership interests in the Continuing Investors Partnerships, whose only substantive operations are their investment in our subsidiaries. The total investment of $4.3 million was recorded as treasury interests, of which $1.7 million and $1.6 million were held by non-controlling interests as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Each Continuing Investor Partnership and the Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests is responsible for a pro rata portion based on its ownership percentage of RP Holdings of any costs and expenses in connection with the contemplation of, formation of, listing and ongoing operation of us and any of our subsidiaries, including any third-party expenses of managing us and any of our subsidiaries, such as accounting, audit, legal, reporting, compliance, administration (including directors’ fees), financial advisory, consulting, investor relations and insurance expenses relating to our affairs and those of any subsidiary.
v3.25.4
Subsequent Events
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Subsequent Events [Abstract]  
Subsequent Events Subsequent EventsIn January 2026, we entered into a funding agreement with Teva Pharmaceuticals, a U.S. affiliate of Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. (“Teva”) to fund up to $500 million to support the development of TEV-‘408, including $75 million to co-fund a Phase 2b study for vitiligo targeted to start in 2026 and, based on future results from Phase 2b in vitiligo, an option to fund an additional $425 million to co-fund the Phase 3 development program.
v3.25.4
Insider Trading Arrangements
3 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
v3.25.4
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]  
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted true
v3.25.4
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]    
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block]
Risk Management and Strategy

We have a dedicated team focused on cybersecurity and we maintain a cybersecurity program designed to protect our systems, technology infrastructure, operations and the data entrusted to us by our employees and counterparties. Our cybersecurity program is led by our Chief Technology Officer, who is a part of our senior leadership team and works closely with our team to develop and advance our cybersecurity strategy and regularly reports to our board of directors and the audit committee of our board of directors on cybersecurity matters.

Cybersecurity threats are assessed as part of our enterprise risk management assessments. Our cybersecurity strategy includes procedures for identifying material cybersecurity risks, and prioritizing appropriate risk mitigations. Our cybersecurity strategy also includes developing and implementing policies, procedures, and controls, escalating issues as necessary that present a material risk, and ensuring that all employees have sufficient cybersecurity training. We have engaged consultants and other third parties in connection with our enterprise risk management assessments, including with respect to cybersecurity.

We conduct regular testing to identify vulnerabilities before they can be exploited by attackers. We examine and validate our program with third parties, measuring it against industry standards and established frameworks to help identify areas for focus, improvement and compliance. We have comprehensive incident response plans to ensure that any non-routine events are properly escalated and addressed. These plans are validated through cyber incident exercises to consider the types of decisions that would need to be made in the event of a cyber incident. We have engaged in scenario planning exercises around cyber incidents with cybersecurity consultants in this process.

Our security awareness program utilizes simulations of attacks coupled with employee training in order to reduce risks to our systems if they are the target of phishing or social engineering. We assess third party vendors who have access to our data or systems to measure their adherence to relevant industry practices and standards, including due diligence and monitoring compliance with security assessments.

In 2025, 2024 and 2023, we did not identify any risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any previous cybersecurity incidents, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. Despite our efforts, we cannot eliminate all risks from cybersecurity threats, or provide assurance that we have not experienced an undetected cybersecurity incident. For more information about these risks, please see “Risk Factors—Cybersecurity vulnerabilities, failures in information systems or risks associated with the use of artificial intelligence could result in information theft, data corruption and significant disruption of our business operations.”
 
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag] true  
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block]
We have a dedicated team focused on cybersecurity and we maintain a cybersecurity program designed to protect our systems, technology infrastructure, operations and the data entrusted to us by our employees and counterparties. Our cybersecurity program is led by our Chief Technology Officer, who is a part of our senior leadership team and works closely with our team to develop and advance our cybersecurity strategy and regularly reports to our board of directors and the audit committee of our board of directors on cybersecurity matters.
Cybersecurity threats are assessed as part of our enterprise risk management assessments. Our cybersecurity strategy includes procedures for identifying material cybersecurity risks, and prioritizing appropriate risk mitigations. Our cybersecurity strategy also includes developing and implementing policies, procedures, and controls, escalating issues as necessary that present a material risk, and ensuring that all employees have sufficient cybersecurity training.
 
Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag] true  
Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag] true  
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag] false false
Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block] The board of directors has adopted a Cyber Security and Personal Data Breach Policy in order to reflect the importance of appropriate security, processes and procedures to the protection of data and assets, and in an effort to establish a foundation for successful protection against cyber-crime and to minimize any potential negative impacts of a successful cyber-attack. Our cybersecurity program is overseen by our Chief Technology Officer who reports directly to our Chief Executive Officer and periodically briefs the audit committee and the board of directors on our cybersecurity program and cybersecurity issues. Our Chief Technology Officer has over 25 years of professional experience in various roles across multiple industries involving leading strategic technology initiatives. Several of our directors have experience with managing and mitigating cybersecurity and technology risks, which provides our board of directors with insight into such risks and aid in overseeing our information security, operations and systems, as well as our continuing investment in and development of our cybersecurity program. The board of directors receives updates or training, as necessary, on cybersecurity issues from management, experts and legal advisors, as required. The audit committee is responsible for overseeing our enterprise risk management program, which includes consideration of technology and cybersecurity risks. The audit committee receives updates about the results of assessments conducted by outside advisors who provide independent assessments of our technology systems.  
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] The audit committee is responsible for overseeing our enterprise risk management program, which includes consideration of technology and cybersecurity risks.  
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] The audit committee is responsible for overseeing our enterprise risk management program, which includes consideration of technology and cybersecurity risks. The audit committee receives updates about the results of assessments conducted by outside advisors who provide independent assessments of our technology systems.  
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block] Several of our directors have experience with managing and mitigating cybersecurity and technology risks, which provides our board of directors with insight into such risks and aid in overseeing our information security, operations and systems, as well as our continuing investment in and development of our cybersecurity program. The board of directors receives updates or training, as necessary, on cybersecurity issues from management, experts and legal advisors, as required. The audit committee is responsible for overseeing our enterprise risk management program, which includes consideration of technology and cybersecurity risks. The audit committee receives updates about the results of assessments conducted by outside advisors who provide independent assessments of our technology systems.  
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag] true  
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block] The board of directors has adopted a Cyber Security and Personal Data Breach Policy in order to reflect the importance of appropriate security, processes and procedures to the protection of data and assets, and in an effort to establish a foundation for successful protection against cyber-crime and to minimize any potential negative impacts of a successful cyber-attack. Our cybersecurity program is overseen by our Chief Technology Officer who reports directly to our Chief Executive Officer and periodically briefs the audit committee and the board of directors on our cybersecurity program and cybersecurity issues. Our Chief Technology Officer has over 25 years of professional experience in various roles across multiple industries involving leading strategic technology initiatives. Several of our directors have experience with managing and mitigating cybersecurity and technology risks, which provides our board of directors with insight into such risks and aid in overseeing our information security, operations and systems, as well as our continuing investment in and development of our cybersecurity program. The board of directors receives updates or training, as necessary, on cybersecurity issues from management, experts and legal advisors, as required. The audit committee is responsible for overseeing our enterprise risk management program, which includes consideration of technology and cybersecurity risks. The audit committee receives updates about the results of assessments conducted by outside advisors who provide independent assessments of our technology systems.  
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block] Our Chief Technology Officer has over 25 years of professional experience in various roles across multiple industries involving leading strategic technology initiatives.  
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block] The board of directors receives updates or training, as necessary, on cybersecurity issues from management, experts and legal advisors, as required. The audit committee is responsible for overseeing our enterprise risk management program, which includes consideration of technology and cybersecurity risks. The audit committee receives updates about the results of assessments conducted by outside advisors who provide independent assessments of our technology systems.  
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag] true  
v3.25.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Preparation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of income, revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
Basis of Consolidation
Basis of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Royalty Pharma and all majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries, as well as variable interest entities, where we are the primary beneficiary. We consolidate based upon evaluation of our power, through voting rights or similar rights, to direct the activities of another entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance. For consolidated entities where we own or are exposed to less than 100% of the economics, we record Net income attributable to non-controlling interests in our consolidated statements of operations equal to the percentage of the economic or ownership interest retained in such entities by the respective non-controlling parties, except for the RP Holdings Class C Interests (as defined below), which are recorded based on their rights.

RP Holdings is owned by Royalty Pharma plc, and, indirectly, by various partnerships (the “Continuing Investors Partnerships”) and, post-Internalization, by the Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests (as defined below). RP Holdings is the sole owner of Royalty Pharma Investments 2019 ICAV (“RPI 2019 ICAV”), which is an Irish collective asset management vehicle and is the successor to Royalty Pharma Investments, an Irish unit trust. In 2022, we became an indirect owner of an 82% economic interest in Royalty Pharma Investments ICAV, which was previously owned directly by Royalty Pharma Investments. In connection with the Internalization, Royalty Pharma Investments distributed all of its assets to Royalty Pharma Investments 2011 ICAV (together with Royalty Pharma Investments ICAV, “Old RPI”).

We consummated an exchange offer on February 11, 2020 (the “Exchange Offer”) to facilitate our initial public offering (“IPO”). Prior to the Exchange Offer, Royalty Pharma Investments was owned by various partnerships (the “Legacy Investors Partnerships”). Through the Exchange Offer, investors which represented 82% of the aggregate limited partnership in the Legacy Investors Partnerships exchanged their limited partnership interests in the Legacy Investors Partnerships for limited partnership interests in RPI US Partners 2019, LP and RPI International Holdings 2019, LP which are part of the Continuing Investors Partnerships. Following the Exchange Offer, we became the indirect owner of an 82% economic interest in Royalty Pharma Investments which entitled us to 82% of the economics of its wholly-owned subsidiary RPI Finance Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (“RPIFT”), and 66% of Royalty Pharma Collection Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (“RPCT”). In December 2023, we acquired the remaining 34% interest in RPCT owned by Royalty Pharma Select Finance Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (“RPSFT”).
We report four non-controlling interests:

1.The Legacy Investors Partnerships’ ownership of approximately 18% in Old RPI, which is the only remaining historical non-controlling interest that existed prior to our IPO.
2.The Continuing Investors Partnerships’ indirect ownership in RP Holdings through their indirect ownership of RP Holdings’ Class B ordinary shares (the “RP Holdings Class B Interests”).
3.Pablo Legorreta’s ultimate ownership of the RP Holdings’ Class C ordinary share (the “RP Holdings Class C Special Interest”) which entitles him to receive Equity Performance Awards (the “Founder’s Equity”). See discussion in Note 5-Shareholders’ Equity.
4.The Sellers’ (as defined in Note 3-Internalization) indirect ownership in RP Holdings through their indirect ownership of RP Holdings’ Class E ordinary shares (the “RP Holdings Class E Interests”). In connection with the Internalization, we issued 24.5 million RP Holdings Class E Interests to the Sellers (the “Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests”), subject to vesting conditions, as part of the transaction consideration.

The Continuing Investors Partnerships, the Founder’s Equity and the Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests, collectively, are referred to as the “continuing non-controlling interests.”
All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reclassification
Reclassification

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of financial royalty assets, available for sale debt securities and receivables. The majority of our financial royalty assets and receivables arise from contractual royalty agreements that entitle us to royalties on the sales of underlying biopharmaceutical products in the United States, Europe and the rest of the world, with concentrations of credit risk limited due to the broad range of marketers responsible for paying royalties to us and the variety of geographies from which our royalties on product sales are derived. The products in which we hold royalties are marketed by leading industry participants, including, among others, Vertex, GSK, Biogen, Roche, Astellas, Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, AbbVie, Servier, Gilead, Amgen and Alnylam. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, Vertex, as the marketer and payor of our royalties on the cystic fibrosis franchise, accounted for 32% and 34% of our current portion of financial royalty assets, respectively, and represented the largest individual marketer and payor of our royalties.

We monitor the financial performance and creditworthiness of the counterparties to our royalty agreements so that we can properly assess and respond to changes in their credit profile. To date, we have not experienced any significant credit losses with respect to the collection of income or revenue on our royalty assets.
Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Standards
Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Standards

In September 2025, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued amendments which refine the scope of the guidance on derivatives in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815 and clarify the guidance on share-based payments from a customer in ASC 606 (“ASU 2025-07”). ASU 2025-07 adds a new scope exception to the derivative guidance for contracts, such as certain research and development funding arrangements, that are not traded on an exchange and contain an underlying that is based on the operations or activities specific to one of the parties involved. ASU 2025-07 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, with early adoption permitted in any interim or annual period for which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance.
We adopted ASU 2025-07 in 2025 using the modified retrospective transition method, effective January 1, 2025. The only impact of adopting this standard related to the CK-586 R&D funding arrangement, which we entered into in 2024 and had previously accounted for as a derivative. As of December 31, 2024, this derivative had a carrying amount of $12.0 million recorded within Other Assets. Upon reassessment under the new guidance, we concluded that the CK-586 funding arrangement qualifies for the derivative scope exception. Accordingly, we recorded a $12.0 million cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2025 to derecognize the derivative asset and reflect the CK-586 funding arrangement as R&D expense.

The scope clarification for share-based non-cash consideration from a customer in a revenue contract is not applicable to us. As such, we adopted this update on December 31, 2025 on a prospective method.

In November 2023, the FASB issued a new accounting standard that amends the guidance for required disclosures related to a public entity’s reportable segments (“ASU 2023-07”). The ASU expands public entities’ segment disclosures by requiring disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss. It also requires disclosure of the amount and description of the composition of other segment items and interim disclosures of a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets. Public entities with a single reportable segment are required to provide the new disclosures and all the disclosures required under ASC 280. This update became effective for us in 2024 and our expanded disclosures are included below under “Segment Information.”
Segment Information
Segment Information
Our CODM is our Chief Executive Officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis to allocate resources, evaluate financial performance and make overall operating decisions. As such, we concluded that we operate as one single reportable segment, which is primarily focused on acquiring biopharmaceutical royalties. The measure of segment profit or loss that is most consistent with our consolidated financial statements is consolidated net income. The accounting policies of our single reportable segment are the same as those for the consolidated financial statements. The level of disaggregation and amounts of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM are the same as those presented in the consolidated statements of operations. Likewise, the measure of segment assets is reported on the consolidated balance sheets as total assets.
Royalty Assets
Royalty Assets

An acquisition of a royalty asset provides the buyer with contractual rights to cash flows from the sale of patent-protected biopharmaceutical products by unrelated biopharmaceutical companies. The majority of our royalties provide us with rights that are protective and passive in nature. In other words, we do not own the intellectual property or have the right to commercialize the underlying products. These contractual cash flow rights are classified as financial royalty assets.

In the limited instances where we possess rights to exploit the underlying patents, rights to the intellectual property related to the biopharmaceutical products, or the ability to influence the amount or duration of future royalty payments, these royalties are classified as intangible royalty assets. The cost of an intangible royalty asset is amortized over the expected life of the asset on a straight-line basis.
Financial Royalty Assets, Net and Income from Financial Royalty Assets
Financial Royalty Assets, Net

Although financial royalty assets do not have the contractual terms typical of a loan (such as principal and interest), we account for them under ASC Topic 310 Receivables. In limited instances, our royalty assets may be classified as contract assets and recorded as part of financial royalty assets because they are accounted for in the same manner. Our financial royalty assets are classified similar to loans receivable and are measured at amortized cost using the prospective effective interest method described in ASC 835-30 Imputation of Interest.
The effective interest rate is calculated by forecasting the expected cash flows to be received over the life of the asset relative to the initial invested amount. The effective interest rate is recalculated each reporting period as differences between expected cash flows and actual cash flows are realized and as there are changes to expected future cash flows. Income is calculated by multiplying the carrying value of the financial royalty asset by the periodic effective interest rate. The carrying value of a financial royalty asset is made up of the opening balance, or net purchase price for a new financial royalty asset, which is increased by accrued interest income and decreased by cash receipts in the period to arrive at the ending balance. If the ending balance is greater than the net present value of the expected future cash flows, a provision is recorded to reduce the asset balance to the net present value. The provision is recorded through the statements of operations as Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets and the carrying value of Financial royalty assets, net is presented net of the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows.

The application of the prospective approach to measure our financial royalty assets at amortized cost requires management’s judgment in forecasting the expected future cash flows of the underlying royalties. The amounts and duration of forecasted expected future cash flows used to calculate and measure interest income are largely impacted by sell-side equity research analyst coverage, commercial performance of the product, and royalty duration, each discussed in further detail below.

Analyst coverage. Expected future cash flows are derived from sales projections for the underlying biopharmaceutical products, based primarily on sell-side equity research analyst consensus forecasts. These forecasts incorporate market research on global economic conditions, industry trends and product life cycles. Our policy is to rely on sell-side research analysts’ consensus sales forecasts to derive annual sales projections for each financial royalty asset over the periods for which we are entitled to royalties or milestones. When analyst estimates do not extend through the full royalty term, we project future sales using statistical curves which are modelled using a combination of historical product trends and available consensus estimates. Depending on the level of details provided in analyst models, management may apply additional assumptions to allocate annual sales to quarterly periods and by geographic regions, determine product and pricing mix for franchises, or exclude sales for unapproved products. Contractual royalty rates, terms and milestones are then applied to the adjusted sales projections to estimate the royalty or milestone payments over the asset’s life, forming the basis for expected future cash flows used in calculating and measuring interest income.

Commercial performance. The approval of a product for use in new indications can extend the date through which we are entitled to royalties or milestones on that product. For certain financial royalty assets, such as the cystic fibrosis franchise, we are entitled to royalties on approved combination products and on future combination products, which create new cash flow streams that were previously not reflected. We generally do not recognize income from, or forecast sales for, unapproved products unless they are incorporated into analyst consensus forecasts in such a way that we cannot isolate the probability of regulatory success that is built into the analyst’s estimates. If a product is removed from all or a portion of a market, subsequent sell-side equity research analysts’ consensus sales forecasts will reflect the expected drop in sales. Both the new cash flow streams and the cessation of cash flow streams related to a product’s performance in the market over the royalty term can materially affect our forecast of expected future cash flows, which directly impacts the measurement of interest income.
Royalty duration. The duration of a royalty can be based on a variety of factors, such as regulatory and marketing approval dates, patent expiration dates, the number of years from first commercial sale, the first date of manufacture of the patent-protected product, the entry of generics or a contractual date arising from litigation, which are all impacted by the point in time in the product’s life cycle at which we acquire the royalty. Royalty durations vary by geography as the United States, European Union and other jurisdictions may be subject to different country-specific patent protection terms or exclusivity based on contractual terms. Products may be covered by a number of patents and, where a royalty term is linked to the existence of valid patents, management is required to make judgments about the patent providing the strongest protection to align the period over which management forecasts expected future cash flows to the royalty term. It is common for the latest expiring patent in effect at the date we acquire a financial royalty asset to be extended, adjusted or replaced with newer dated patents subsequent to our acquisition of a royalty due to new information, resulting in changes to the royalty duration in later periods. Patents may expire earlier than expected at the time of the acquisition due to the loss of patent protection, loss of data exclusivity on intellectual property, contractual licensing terms limiting royalty payments based on time from product launch, recent legal developments or litigation. Macroeconomic factors, such as changes in economies or the competitive landscape, including the unexpected loss of exclusivity to the products underlying our portfolio of royalties, changes in government legislation, product life cycles, industry consolidations and other changes beyond our control could result in a positive or negative impact on our forecast of expected future cash flows and the related measurement of interest income.

As part of the preparation of the forecasted expected future cash flows, which relies on the sources and variables discussed above, management is required to make assumptions around the following forecast inputs: (1) estimates of the duration of the royalty, which includes consideration of the strength of patent protection and anticipated timing for entry of generics, (2) product growth rates and sales trends in outer years, generally projected through statistical curves, (3) the product and pricing mix for franchised products, (4) the geographical allocation of annual sales data from sell-side equity research analysts’ models, and (5) the portion of sales that are subject to royalties, which is referred to as royalty bearing sales. The most sensitive of these assumptions relates to management’s estimate of the royalty duration in the final years of an asset’s life. In some cases, patent protection may extend to a later period than the expiration date management has estimated. Management may apply a shorter royalty term in this situation if, based on its experience and expertise, it believes that it is more likely that the associated patents are subject to opposition or infringement, that the market for a particular product may shift based on pipeline approvals and products, or that product sales may be harmed by competition from generics. For products providing perpetual royalties, management applies judgment in establishing the duration over which it forecasts expected future cash flows.

A shortened royalty term can result in a reduction in the effective interest rate, lower income from financial royalty assets, a decline in the carrying value of the financial royalty asset and recognition of provision expense, reductions in royalty payments compared to expectations, or a permanent impairment. Additionally, royalty payments may occasionally continue beyond the estimated royalty expiration date for such reasons we cannot foresee such as excess inventory in the channel or additional scope of patent protection identified after expiry, including royalties we may become entitled to from new indications, new compounds, or for new regulatory jurisdictional approvals.

Certain acquisition agreements provide for future incoming or outgoing contingent payments based on the commercial, regulatory or clinical performance of the related biopharmaceutical product generally over a multi-year period. For purposes of measuring income from financial royalty assets, commercial milestones payable or receivable are reflected in the forecasted expected future cash flows in the period in which the milestone criteria is projected to be satisfied based on sell-side equity research analysts’ consensus sales forecasts. Milestones based on regulatory approval or clinical criteria are generally not reflected in the expected future cash flows until such approval or criteria is achieved. We assess all milestone payments to determine whether we must account for these arrangements as derivatives instruments under ASC 815 – Derivatives and Hedging.

Amounts related to outgoing contingent milestone payments are not considered contractual obligations as they are contingent on the successful completion of the defined milestones. Payments under these agreements generally become due and payable upon achievement of certain commercial milestones, or when the contingency is resolved.

The current portion of financial royalty assets represents an estimation for current quarter royalty receipts which are collected during the subsequent quarter and for which the estimates are derived from the latest external publicly available sell-side equity research analyst reports, reported in arrears.
Cumulative Allowance and Provision for Changes in Expected Cash Flows from Financial Royalty Assets

We evaluate financial royalty assets for impairment on an individual basis by comparing the effective interest rate at each reporting date to that of the prior period. If the effective interest rate is lower for the current period than the prior period, and if the gross cash flows have declined (expected and collected), we record provision expense for the change in expected cash flows. The provision is measured as the difference between the financial royalty asset’s amortized cost basis and the net present value of the expected future cash flows, calculated using the prior period’s effective interest rate. The amount recognized as provision expense increases the financial royalty asset’s cumulative allowance, which reduces the net carrying value of the financial royalty asset.

In a subsequent period, if there is an increase in expected future cash flows, or if actual cash flows are greater than cash flows previously expected, we reduce the previously established cumulative allowance in part or in full, resulting in a non-cash credit to the provision recorded through the Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets on the consolidated statements of operations. We also recalculate the amount of accretable yield to be recognized based on the revised remaining future cash flows. The adjustment to the accretable yield is treated as a change in estimate and is recognized prospectively over the remaining life of the financial royalty asset by adjusting the effective interest rate used to calculate income.

Movements in the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows, which forms part of the Financial royalty assets, net line item on the consolidated balance sheets, are accompanied by corresponding provision income or expense. Amounts not expected to be collected are written off against the allowance at the time that such a determination is made. In some cases, when a financial royalty asset’s contractual cash flows expire, the final royalty payment may differ from the remaining net carrying value. We account for this non-cash true-up at the end of the royalty term as either Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets or as Income from financial royalty assets on the consolidated statements of operations.
Income from Financial Royalty Assets

We recognize income from financial royalty assets when there is a reasonable expectation about the timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected. The accretable yield is recognized as income at the effective rate of return over the expected life of financial royalty assets. An acquisition of a royalty on a development-stage product classified as a financial royalty asset is generally placed in non-accrual status where income is not recognized until we are able to reliably estimate expected cash flows, generally when the product receives regulatory approval.

We evaluate such financial royalty assets held at cost for impairment based on, among other factors, a review of development progress and publicly available information around regulatory discussions, clinical trial results and approval status. An impairment loss is recognized if it is probable that we will be unable to recover the carrying value of the financial royalty asset held at cost and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated.
Allowance for Current Expected Credit Losses
Allowance for Current Expected Credit Losses

We recognize an allowance for current expected credit losses under ASC 326 – Financial Instruments – Credit Losses on (1) our portfolio of financial royalty assets for which we have limited protective rights and (2) on the unfunded portions of certain funding commitments for which we have limited protective rights once funded. The credit loss allowance is estimated using the probability of default and loss given default method. The credit rating, which is assessed primarily based on publicly available data and updated quarterly, is the primary credit quality indicator used to determine the probability of default of the marketers responsible for paying our royalties and the resulting loss given default.

The allowance for current expected credit losses related to financial royalty assets is presented net within the non-current portion of financial royalty assets on the consolidated balance sheets, and changes to such allowance are recorded within Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets on the consolidated statements of operations. The allowance for current expected credit losses related to the unfunded portions of relevant funding arrangements is recorded within Other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet, with changes to such allowance reflected within Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments in the consolidated statements of operations.
Other Royalty Income and Revenue
Other Royalty Income and Revenues

Other royalty income and revenues includes income from financial royalty assets that have been fully amortized and income from synthetic royalties and milestones arising out of research and development (“R&D”) funding arrangements. Other royalty income and revenues also includes revenues from intangible royalty assets.
Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements
Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements

Our financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, equity securities, available for sale debt securities, royalty interests, Employee EPAs (as defined in Note 5-Shareholders’ Equity) and long-term debt. Cash and cash equivalents, equity securities, available for sale debt securities, Employee EPAs and certain royalty interests are reported at their respective fair values on our consolidated balance sheets. Outstanding borrowings under our senior unsecured notes, term loan and non-current financial royalty assets are reported at amortized cost on our consolidated balance sheets, for which fair values are disclosed. The remaining financial instruments are reported on our consolidated balance sheets at amounts that approximate fair value.

For financial instruments carried at fair value, the level in the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of inputs that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. We determine the fair value of assets and liabilities using the fair value hierarchy, which establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value as follows:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Quoted prices in markets that are not active or financial instruments for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3: Prices or valuation that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash held at financial institutions and all highly liquid financial instruments with original maturities of 90 days or less.
Equity Securities and Available for Sale Debt Securities
Equity Securities and Available for Sale Debt Securities

Our equity securities primarily consist of investments in publicly traded equity securities and are measured and recorded at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recorded in earnings. For equity securities without a readily determinable fair value, recorded within Other assets on the consolidated balance sheets, we use the fair value measurement alternative and measure the securities at cost less impairment, if any.
Investments classified as available for sale debt securities are recorded at fair value. We elect to apply the fair value option for available for sale debt securities when the fair value option better aligns with the economics of the investment. Upon such election, the entire investment is measured at fair value on a recurring basis, with movements in fair value recognized in earnings.
Investments in Non-Consolidated Affiliates
Investment in Non-Consolidated Affiliates

Investments in entities that provide us with the ability to exercise significant influence, but not a controlling financial interest, and where we are not the primary beneficiary are accounted for under the equity method or as equity securities under the fair value option. Investments accounted for under the equity method are initially recorded at fair value. If there is a difference between the fair value and the carrying amount of the equity method investment at inception, we quantify the basis difference and amortize it in a rational manner over the life of the investment. Subsequently, we recognize through earnings our proportionate share of the investee’s net income or loss, net of any adjustment to reflect the amortization of basis differences. We generally record our share of the results of our investees one quarter in arrears within Equity in earnings of equity method investees in the consolidated statements of operations. The investment is reflected as Equity method investments on the consolidated balance sheets.

We have variable interests in entities formed for the purposes of entering into co-development arrangements for potential biopharmaceutical products (the “Avillion entities”). The Avillion entities are variable interest entities for which we are not the primary beneficiary as we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly influence the economic performance of the entity. In determining whether we are the primary beneficiary of an entity, management applies a qualitative approach that determines whether it has both (1) the power to direct the economically significant activities of the entity and (2) the obligation to absorb losses of, or the right to receive benefits from, the entity that could potentially be significant. Management continuously assesses whether we are the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity as changes to existing relationships or future transactions may result in the consolidation or deconsolidation of one or more of its investees.

When we have committed to provide further support to the investee through capital call commitments and the investment has been reduced to zero, we provide for additional losses, resulting in a negative equity method investment, which is presented as a liability on the consolidated balance sheets.
Acquisitions
Acquisitions

We first determine whether a set of assets acquired constitutes a business and should be accounted for as a business combination. If the assets acquired do not constitute a business, we account for the transaction as an asset acquisition. Business combinations are accounted for by means of the acquisition method of accounting. The acquisition method of accounting for business combinations requires us to use significant estimates and assumptions, including fair value estimates, as of the business combination date and to refine those estimates as necessary during the measurement period, which is defined as the period, not to exceed one year, in which we may adjust the provisional amounts recognized for a business combination. Under the acquisition method of accounting, we recognize separately from goodwill the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed, generally at the acquisition date fair value. The excess of the fair value of consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill.
Goodwill
Goodwill

As a result of the Internalization (as defined below), we recorded goodwill which represents the excess of the total purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired. Goodwill has an indefinite life and therefore is not amortized under the provisions of ASC 350 – IntangiblesGoodwill and Other. We have one reporting unit and assess goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently if there are indicators of impairment.
Research and Development Funding Expense
Research and Development Funding Expense

We enter into transactions where we agree to fund a portion of the R&D performed by our partners for products undergoing late-stage clinical trials in exchange for future royalties or milestones if the products are successfully developed and commercialized. In accordance with ASC 730 – Research and Development, we account for the funded amounts as R&D expense when we have the ability to obtain the results of the R&D, the transfer of financial risk is genuine and substantive and, at the time of entering into the transaction, it is not yet probable that the product will receive regulatory approval. If these conditions are not met, we may record the funded amounts as a financial royalty asset. We may fund R&D upfront or over time as the underlying products undergo clinical trials.
Royalties earned on successfully commercialized products generated from R&D arrangements are recognized as Other royalty income and revenues in the same period in which the sale of the product occurs. Fixed or milestone payments receivable based on the achievement of contractual criteria for products arising out of our R&D arrangements are also recognized as Other royalty income and revenues in the period that the milestone threshold is met. Milestone thresholds are typically not triggered until after all funding obligations have been completed.
Share-based Compensation and Share Repurchases
Share-based Compensation

We account for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718 – Share-based Compensation. We have share-based compensation arrangements in the form of (1) Employee EPAs (as defined in Note 5–Shareholders’ Equity), which are liability classified, (2) RP Holdings Class E Interests, which were issued as part of the Internalization consideration, and (3) RSUs, which are issued to directors and employees. RP Holdings Class E Interests and RSUs are both equity classified. Share-based compensation expense for equity-classified awards is measured at grant-date fair value and recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period within General and administrative expenses. We have elected to account for forfeitures as they occur. The fair value of the Employee EPAs is remeasured at each reporting date using a Monte Carlo simulation methodology, with changes in the fair value recognized as part of the share-based compensation expense.
Shares Repurchases

Amounts paid to repurchase shares in excess of the par value are allocated between Additional paid-in capital and Retained earnings.
Income Taxes and Other Taxation Matters
Income Taxes

We periodically assess if our activities, as conducted through our subsidiaries, and as currently contemplated, constitute being engaged in the conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Neither the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (“the Code”) nor the applicable Treasury regulations provide a general definition of what constitutes as being engaged in the conduct of a trade or business within the United States, and the limited case law on the subject does not provide definitive guidance. Based on our periodic assessment, we believe that we are not engaged in the conduct of a trade or business within the United States, and as such, we do not record a provision for U.S. income taxes with respect to effectively connected income for the years presented in the consolidated financial statements.

We have funding arrangements in place where our counterparties have drawn on capital or are allowed to draw on capital over a prescribed period of time. Income from these funding arrangements is subject to U.S. taxation and we record a provision for U.S. income taxes within General and administrative expenses in accordance with ASC 740 – Income Taxes, with respect to this income. We expect the associated income tax provision expense to become more significant in the future as we enter into more funding arrangements.

We operate so as to be treated solely as resident in the U.K. for tax purposes. As a U.K. tax resident company, we are subject to U.K. corporation tax on our worldwide taxable profits and gains. U.K. tax resident companies are subject to U.K. corporation tax on dividend receipts or other income distributions in respect of shares held by them, unless those dividends or other distributions fall within an exempt class. We believe that dividends received by us from RP Holdings, and dividends received by RP Holdings from RPI 2019 ICAV, should fall within such an exempt class and therefore should not be subject to U.K. corporation tax. As such, we do not record a provision for U.K. income taxes with respect to the dividends received from RP Holdings or with respect to the dividends received by RP Holdings from RPI 2019 ICAV.

We are also subject to the U.K.’s “controlled foreign companies” rules (the “U.K. CFC Rules”). The U.K. CFC Rules, broadly, apply to U.K. tax resident companies that have, alone or together with certain other persons, interests in a non-U.K. tax resident company (the “Controlled Foreign Company”) which is controlled by a U.K. person or persons. The charge under the U.K. CFC Rules applies by reference to certain types of chargeable profit arising to the Controlled Foreign Company, whether or not that profit is distributed, subject to specific exemptions. Certain non-U.K. entities in which we hold a greater than 25% interest, including RPI 2019 ICAV (which is an Irish tax resident) and Old RPI (which is an Irish tax resident and is held indirectly by us through our participation in RP Holdings), are considered Controlled Foreign Companies for U.K. tax purposes. We are therefore required to apply the U.K. CFC Rules in respect of our direct and indirect interests in these entities on an ongoing basis. We do not expect material tax charges to arise under the U.K. CFC Rules with respect to our direct and indirect interests in these entities and we therefore do not record a provision for U.K. income taxes related to this matter.
Other Taxation Matters

We are subject to U.S. federal withholding tax on certain fixed or determinable annual or periodic gains, profits and income, such as royalties from sources within the United States, unless reduced or eliminated under an applicable tax treaty or provision of the Code. Generally, this tax is imposed by withholding 30% of the payments, or deemed payments, that are subject to this tax. We believe our subsidiaries are eligible for benefits under the U.S.-Ireland income tax treaty, and, under that treaty, are not subject to any U.S. withholding taxes on U.S.-source royalty, interest or other income payments.
Earnings per Share
Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income attributable to us by the weighted average number of Class A ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net income attributable to us by the weighted average number of Class A ordinary shares outstanding during the period, including the number of Class A ordinary shares that would have been outstanding if the potentially dilutive securities had been issued.

Our Class B ordinary shares, Class R redeemable shares and deferred shares do not share in the earnings or losses attributable to us and are therefore not participating securities.

Our outstanding Class B ordinary shares are considered potentially dilutive shares of Class A ordinary shares because Class B ordinary shares, together with the related RP Holdings Class B Interests and vested RP Holdings Class E Interests, are exchangeable into Class A ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis. In addition, potentially dilutive securities include Class B ordinary shares contingently issuable for the EPAs and Class A ordinary shares issuable upon vesting of RSUs issued to directors and employees.

We include potentially dilutive shares in the denominator to compute diluted EPS if (i) the inclusion of the ordinary shares is dilutive for the respective reporting periods, and (ii) contingencies are satisfied as of the end of the reporting period for ordinary shares that are contingently issuable. We use the “if-converted” method to determine the potentially dilutive effect of our outstanding Class B ordinary shares, and the treasury stock method to determine the potentially dilutive effect of the unvested RSUs.
v3.25.4
Internalization (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, Transaction between Entities under Common Control, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]  
Summary of Total Purchase Consideration
The following table presents the components of the total purchase price to acquire RP Manager (in thousands):

Cash$81,950 
Fair value of equity attributable to pre-Internalization service period:
RP Holdings Class E Interests57,000 
Employee RSUs3,778 
Employee EPAs
422,479 
Total purchase price
$565,207 
Summary of Preliminary Allocation of Purchase Price
The following is a summary of a preliminary allocation of the purchase price (in thousands):

Preliminary allocation of purchase priceLocation on Consolidated Balance Sheet
Cash and cash equivalents$7,535 Cash and cash equivalents
Other current assets1,458 Other current assets
Property, plant and equipment23,085 Other assets
Operating lease right of use asset20,967 Other assets
Other assets172 Other assets
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(1,867)Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Interest payable(3,822)Interest payable
Term Loan(380,000)Long-term debt
Operating lease liabilities, current(2,749)Other current liabilities
Operating lease liabilities(18,218)Other liabilities
Other liabilities(5,988)Other liabilities
Goodwill924,634 Goodwill
Total purchase price
$565,207 
Summary of Pro Forma Consolidated Information The following table summarizes the pro forma consolidated information assuming we had completed the Internalization on January 1, 2024 (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
20252024
Pro forma revenue$2,378,193 $2,263,576 
Pro forma net income(1)
1,395,756 1,136,623 
(1)Pro forma net income in 2024 reflects a $28.9 million adjustment for non-recurring acquisition-related expenses.
v3.25.4
Share-Based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense As a result of the Internalization, we began to recognize share-based compensation expense related to RP Holdings Class E Interests that were issued as part of the Internalization consideration, Employee EPAs and Employee RSUs. The share-based compensation expense is comprised of the following (in thousands):
Years Ended December 31,
202520242023
RP Holdings Class E Interests$108,945 $— $— 
Employee EPAs176,334 — — 
Employee and Director RSUs5,611 3,224 3,302 
Total Share-Based Compensation$290,890 $3,224 $3,302 
v3.25.4
Shareholders' Equity (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Equity [Abstract]  
Summary of Balance Of Non-controlling Interests
The changes in the balances of our non-controlling interests are as follows (in thousands):

RPSFTLegacy Investors PartnershipsContinuing Investors Partnerships
Founder’s Equity(1)
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders
Total
December 31, 2022$(597)$1,527,887 $2,369,933 $ $ $3,897,223 
Contributions— 7,981 3,874 — — 11,855 
Distributions(4,437)(363,635)(119,649)— — (487,721)
Other exchanges— — (428,808)— — (428,808)
Net income5,045 167,483 392,726 — — 565,254 
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT(11)— — — — (11)
December 31, 2023$ $1,339,716 $2,218,076 $ $ $3,557,792 
Contributions— 5,161 3,877 — — 9,038 
Distributions— (351,474)(125,158)— — (476,632)
Other exchanges— — (166,243)— — (166,243)
Net income— 194,937 276,893 — — 471,830 
December 31, 2024$ $1,188,340 $2,207,445 $ $ $3,395,785 
Contributions 7,643 2,340 — — 9,983 
Distributions— (345,188)(119,683)(60,243)(16,148)(541,262)
Other exchanges— — (521,579)— 175,922 (345,657)
Share-based compensation— — — — 108,945 108,945 
Internalization— — — — 57,000 57,000 
Net income— 232,524 231,260 60,243 29,218 553,245 
December 31, 2025$ $1,083,319 $1,799,783 $ $354,937 $3,238,039 
(1)Amounts represent the entirety of the EPAs prior to the Internalization and only the Founder’s Equity portion after the Internalization.
Summary of Breakdown of Total EPAs The table presented below summarizes the breakdown of total EPAs earned in 2025 (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31, 2025
Location Recorded in Consolidated Financial Statements
Founder’s Equity(1)
$60,243 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
Employee EPAs
20,943 
Accrued compensation liabilities (reduction of Employee EPAs liability)
Total$81,186 
Form of Settlement
Cash
$42,585 
Distributions to continuing non-controlling interests (Founder’s Equity)
Payments for Employee EPAs (Employee EPAs)
Shares(2)
$38,601 
Total$81,186 
(1)Founder’s Equity includes $38.4 million for Mr. Legorreta’s retained EPAs encompassing all of the 2025 period and $21.8 million attributable to employees’ participation in the EPAs, which were considered part of Founder’s Equity prior to the closing of the Internalization.
(2)Amount represents shares earned in 2025, substantially all of which were settled during the year except for $14.3 million payable as of December 31, 2025, which is expected to be settled in shares during the first quarter of 2026.
v3.25.4
Available for Sale Debt Securities (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Summary of Available for Sale Debt Securities
The table below summarizes our available for sale debt securities recorded at fair value (in thousands):

CostUnrealized GainsFair Value Current AssetsNon-Current AssetsNon-Current LiabilitiesTotal
As of December 31, 2025
Debt securities(1)
$382,378 $55,422 $437,800 $18,800 $419,000 $— $437,800 
Funding commitments(2)
(14,500)5,400 (9,100)— — (9,100)(9,100)
Total
$367,878 $60,822 $428,700 $18,800 $419,000 $(9,100)$428,700 
As of December 31, 2024
Debt securities(1)
$516,329 $235,371 $751,700 $58,200 $693,500 $— $751,700 
Funding commitments(2)
(12,300)220 (12,080)— — (12,080)(12,080)
Total$504,029 $235,591 $739,620 $58,200 $693,500 $(12,080)$739,620 
(1)The cost related to tranches one and six of the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding and the cost for the Cytokinetics Development Funding reflect the fair values on their respective funding dates. As of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the costs related to tranche four and five of the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding and the cost of the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds, respectively, represent the amounts funded. The costs are amortized as quarterly repayments are received. The MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds were sold in January 2025.
(2)The costs associated with the Cytokinetics Funding Commitments represent the fair values on their respective transaction dates.
v3.25.4
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Summary of Fair Value Hierarchy
The following table summarizes assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

As of December 31, 2025As of December 31, 2024
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets:
Money market funds(1)
$383,568 $ $ $383,568 $568,317 $— $— $568,317 
Available for sale debt securities(2)
— — 18,800 18,800 — — 58,200 58,200 
Total current assets$383,568 $ $18,800 $402,368 $568,317 $ $58,200 $626,517 
Equity securities(3)
171,312 — — 171,312 184,719 — 2,241 186,960 
Available for sale debt securities(2)
— — 419,000 419,000 — — 693,500 693,500 
Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative(4)
— — — — — — 12,000 12,000 
Royalty at fair value(3)
— — — — — — 5,323 5,323 
Total non-current assets$171,312 $ $419,000 $590,312 $184,719 $ $713,064 $897,783 
Liabilities:
Cytokinetics Funding Commitments
— — (9,100)(9,100)— — (12,080)(12,080)
Total non-current liabilities$ $ $(9,100)$(9,100)$ $ $(12,080)$(12,080)
(1)Recorded within Cash and cash equivalents on the consolidated balance sheets.
(2)Related to the funded Cytokinetics Funding Arrangements as of respective balance sheet dates. As of December 31, 2024, amount also included the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds, which were sold in January 2025.
(3)The amounts reflected within Level 3 as of December 31, 2024 relate to equity securities and a revenue participation right, recorded within Other assets on the consolidated balance sheet, that we acquired from ApiJect Holdings, Inc. (“ApiJect”), a private company. We elected the fair value option to account for our investments in ApiJect because it is more reflective of current values for such investments. We estimated the fair values related to both instruments using a discounted cash flow with Level 3 inputs, including forecasted cash flows and the weighted average cost of capital. In 2025, we wrote off the related balances. No amounts were due from or to ApiJect as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.
(4)Recorded within Other assets on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024. Upon adoption of ASU 2025-07 in 2025, the Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative qualified for the derivative scope exception and the related derivative asset was derecognized as of January 1, 2025. See Note 2-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional discussion.
Summary of Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
The tables presented below summarize the change in the combined fair value (current and non-current) of Level 3 financial instruments (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31, 2025
Equity SecuritiesDebt SecuritiesFunding CommitmentsDerivative InstrumentRoyalty at Fair Value
Balance at the beginning of the period$2,241 $751,700 $(12,080)$12,000 $5,323 
Purchases— 175,000 — — — 
Changes in fair value(1)
(2,241)42,679 3,180 — (5,323)
Sales(2)
— (510,553)— — — 
Settlement of options and forward(3)
— 200 (200)— — 
Redemptions(4)
— (21,226)— — — 
ASU 2025-07 adoption impact(5)
— — — (12,000)— 
Balance at the end of the period$ $437,800 $(9,100)$ $ 
(1)Changes in fair value of the financial instruments are recorded within their respective financial statement line items in the Other (income)/expense section of the consolidated statements of operations.
(2)The MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds were sold in January 2025.
(3)Amount reflects the fair value attributable to the draws under tranche four and five of the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding that were settled upon funding.
(4)Amount relates to the quarterly repayments on the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds prior to the sale and on the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding.
(5)Upon adoption of ASU 2025-07 in 2025, the Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative qualified for the derivative scope exception and the related derivative asset was derecognized as of January 1, 2025. See Note 2-Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional discussion.

Year Ended December 31, 2024
Equity SecuritiesDebt SecuritiesFunding CommitmentsDerivative InstrumentRoyalty at Fair Value
Balance at the beginning of the period$297 $455,400 $(900)$ $1,778 
Purchases46,500 150,000 — 18,000 — 
Gains/(losses) on initial recognition(1)
— 5,000 (5,000)— — 
Changes in fair value(2)
1,562 161,086 (6,180)(6,000)3,545 
Transfer out of Level 3(3)
(46,118)— — — — 
Redemptions(4)
— (19,786)— — — 
Balance at the end of the period$2,241 $751,700 $(12,080)$12,000 $5,323 
(1)Represents purchase price allocation to arrive at the appropriate fair value on initial recognition.
(2)Changes in fair value of the financial instruments are recorded within their respective financial statement line items in the Other (income)/expense section of the consolidated statement of operations.
(3)Related to the expiration of the transfer restriction on Cytokinetics common stock.
(4)Amount relates to quarterly repayments on tranche one of the Cytokinetics Commercial Launch Funding and the MorphoSys Development Funding Bonds.
v3.25.4
Financial Royalty Assets (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Receivables [Abstract]  
Summary of Financial Royalty Assets, Net
The gross carrying value, cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows, exclusive of the allowance for credit losses, and net carrying value for the current and non-current portion of financial royalty assets are as follows (in thousands):

As of December 31, 2025
Estimated Royalty Duration(1)
Gross Carrying Value
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9)
Net Carrying Value(3)
Cystic fibrosis franchise
2039-2041(2)
$4,901,121 $— $4,901,121 
Evrysdi2035-20362,331,262 (494,123)1,837,139 
Voranigo
2038
982,802 — 982,802 
Trelegy
2029-2030
993,629 (17,356)976,273 
Imdelltra
2038-2041
924,239 — 924,239 
Tremfya
2031-2032
909,607 — 909,607 
Other
2025-2042
9,417,689 (2,674,043)6,743,646 
Total$20,460,349 $(3,185,522)$17,274,827 
Less: Cumulative allowance for credit losses (Note 9)
(211,959)
Total current and non-current financial royalty assets, net$17,062,868 
(1)Durations shown represent our estimates as of the current reporting date of when a royalty will substantially end, which may vary by geography and may depend on clinical trial results, regulatory approvals, contractual terms, commercial developments, estimates of regulatory exclusivity and patent expiration dates (which may include estimated patent term extensions) or other factors. There can be no assurances that our royalties will expire when expected.
(2)Royalty is perpetual. We estimate royalty duration of 2039-2041 due to expected Alyftrek patent expiration and potential generic entry thereafter leading to sales decline.
(3)The net carrying value by asset is presented before the allowance for credit losses. Refer to Note 9-Cumulative Allowance and the Provision for Changes in Expected Cash Flows from Financial Royalty Assets for additional information.
As of December 31, 2024
Estimated Royalty Duration(1)
Gross Carrying Value
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9)
Net Carrying Value(4)
Cystic fibrosis franchise
2039-2041(2)
$5,126,521 $(259,353)$4,867,168 
Evrysdi2035-20362,085,851 (378,565)1,707,286 
Trelegy2029-20301,121,980 (66,647)1,055,333 
Tysabri
(3)
1,319,298 (276,134)1,043,164 
Voranigo
2038
946,588 — 946,588 
Tremfya
2031-2032
935,069 (77,895)857,174 
Other
2025-2042
8,164,902 (2,492,565)5,672,337 
Total$19,700,209 $(3,551,159)$16,149,050 
Less: Cumulative allowance for credit losses (Note 9)
(238,122)
Total current and non-current financial royalty assets, net$15,910,928 
(1)Durations shown represent our estimates as of December 31, 2024 of when a royalty will substantially end, which may vary by geography and may depend on clinical trial results, regulatory approvals, contractual terms, commercial developments, estimates of regulatory exclusivity and patent expiration dates (which may include estimated patent term extensions) or other factors. There can be no assurances that our royalties will expire when expected.
(2)Royalty is perpetual. We estimate royalty duration of 2039-2041 due to expected Alyftrek patent expiration and potential generic entry thereafter leading to sales decline.
(3)Royalty is perpetual. We have applied an end date of 2035 for purposes of accreting income over the royalty term, which is periodically reviewed based on our estimates of impact from biosimilars.
(4)The net carrying value by asset is presented before the allowance for credit losses. Refer to Note 9-Cumulative Allowance and the Provision for Changes in Expected Cash Flows from Financial Royalty Assets for additional information.
v3.25.4
Cumulative Allowance and the Provision for Changes in Expected Cash Flows from Financial Royalty Assets (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Credit Loss [Abstract]  
Summary of Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows
The following table sets forth the activity in the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets, inclusive of the cumulative allowance for credit losses (in thousands):

Activity for the Year
Balance at December 31, 2022(1)
$(2,591,882)
Increases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets(1,006,933)
Decreases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets468,562 
Write-off of cumulative allowance87,393 
Provision for credit losses, net(2)
(22,285)
Balance at December 31, 2023$(3,065,145)
Increases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets(1,438,001)
Decreases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets805,955 
Write-off of cumulative allowance8,325 
Provision for credit losses, net(2)
(100,415)
Balance at December 31, 2024
$(3,789,281)
Increases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets(687,269)
Decreases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets956,944 
Write-off of cumulative allowance95,962 
Provision for credit losses, net(2)
26,163 
Balance at December 31, 2025$(3,397,481)
(1)Includes $115.4 million related to cumulative allowance for credit losses.
(2)In 2023, the provision expense for credit losses was primarily related to the additions of Adstiladrin and Skytrofa to our portfolio. In 2024, the provision expense for credit losses was primarily related to the addition of Niktimvo to our portfolio. In 2025, the provision income for credit losses was primarily related to Niktimvo as a result of changes in sell-side equity research analysts’ consensus sales forecasts, partially offset by the addition of Imdelltra to our portfolio.
v3.25.4
Borrowings (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Summary of Borrowings
Our borrowings consisted of the following (in thousands):

Type of BorrowingDate of IssuanceMaturityAs of December 31, 2025As of December 31, 2024
Senior Unsecured Notes:
$1,000,000, 1.20% (issued at 98.875% of par)
9/20209/2025$— $1,000,000 
$1,000,000, 1.75% (issued at 98.284% of par)
9/20209/20271,000,000 1,000,000 
$500,000, 5.15% (issued at 98.758% of par)
6/20249/2029500,000 500,000 
$1,000,000, 2.20% (issued at 97.760% of par)
9/20209/20301,000,000 1,000,000 
$600,000, 4.45% (issued at 98.909% of par)
9/20253/2031600,000 — 
$600,000, 2.15% (issued at 98.263% of par)
7/20219/2031600,000 600,000 
$500,000, 5.40% (issued at 97.872% of par)
6/20249/2034500,000 500,000 
$900,000, 5.20% (issued at 97.989% of par)
9/20259/2035900,000 — 
$1,000,000, 3.30% (issued at 95.556% of par)
9/20209/20401,000,000 1,000,000 
$1,000,000, 3.55% (issued at 95.306% of par)
9/20209/20501,000,000 1,000,000 
$700,000, 3.35% (issued at 97.565% of par)
7/20219/2051700,000 700,000 
$500,000, 5.90% (issued at 97.617% of par)
6/20249/2054500,000 500,000
$500,000, 5.95% (issued at 95.824% of par)
9/20259/2055500,000 
Term LoanSee below7/2026380,000 
Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs(229,083)(187,574)
Total debt carrying value8,950,917 7,612,426
Less: Current portion of long-term debt(380,000)(997,773)
Total long-term debt$8,570,917 $6,614,653 
Summary of Repayments of Debt by Year
The future principal payments for our borrowings as of December 31, 2025 are as follows (in thousands):

YearPrincipal Payments
2026$380,000 
20271,000,000 
2028
2029500,000
20301,000,000
Thereafter6,300,000
Total(1)
$9,180,000 
(1)Excludes unamortized debt discount and issuance costs of $229.1 million as of December 31, 2025, which are amortized through interest expense over the remaining life of the underlying debt obligations.
v3.25.4
Earnings per Share (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Summary of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted
The following table sets forth the reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per Class A ordinary share (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Years Ended December 31,
202520242023
Numerator
Consolidated net income$1,324,192 $1,330,813 $1,700,088 
Less: Net income attributable to the Continuing Investors Partnerships231,260 276,893 392,726
Less: Net income attributable to the Legacy Investors Partnerships232,524 194,937 172,528
Less: Net income attributable to the Founder’s Equity(1)
60,243 — — 
Less: Net income attributable to the RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders29,218 — — 
Net income attributable to Royalty Pharma plc - basic770,947 858,983 1,134,834
Add: Reallocation of net income attributable to the Continuing Investors Partnerships from the assumed exchanges of Class B ordinary shares231,260 276,893 392,726
Add: Reallocation of net income attributable to the Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests from the assumed exchanges of eligible Class B ordinary shares3,315 — — 
Net income attributable to Royalty Pharma plc - diluted$1,005,522 $1,135,876 $1,527,560 
Denominator
Weighted average Class A ordinary shares outstanding - basic429,801 448,185 447,601
Add: Dilutive effects as shown separately below
Assumed exchanges of Class B ordinary shares by Continuing Investors Partnerships132,616 145,911 155,292
Unvested RSUs14 12 7
Shares contingently issuable for the Equity Performance Awards270 — — 
Assumed exchanges of eligible Class B ordinary shares by Holders of RP Holdings Class E Interests1,754 — — 
Weighted average Class A ordinary shares outstanding - diluted564,455 594,108 602,900
Earnings per Class A ordinary share - basic$1.79 $1.92 $2.54 
Earnings per Class A ordinary share - diluted$1.78 $1.91 $2.53 
(1)Amounts represent the entirety of the EPAs prior to the Internalization and only the Founder’s Equity portion after the Internalization.
v3.25.4
Indirect Cash Flow (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]  
Summary of Cash Flow, Supplemental Disclosures
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities are summarized below (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,
202520242023
Cash flow from operating activities:
Consolidated net income$1,324,192 $1,330,813 $1,700,088 
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Income from financial royalty assets(2,261,152)(2,149,422)(2,197,754)
Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets(295,838)732,461 560,656 
Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments89,032 — — 
Share-based compensation289,894 2,344 2,357 
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs22,440 19,562 20,499 
Losses on derivative financial instruments— 6,000 2,290 
Losses/(gains) on equity securities21,852 (39,549)(87,139)
Equity in earnings of equity method investees(29,089)(29,611)(28,882)
Distributions from equity method investees13,396 13,396 18,823 
Amortization of prepaid expenses6,197 — — 
Gains on available for sale debt securities(45,859)(154,906)(230,840)
Depreciation3,852 — — 
Other13,307 1,105 20,912 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Cash collected on financial royalty assets3,354,750 2,983,410 3,201,410 
Other royalty income receivable(2,360)(4,551)(1,521)
Other current assets(7,723)13,844 3,147 
Other assets276 — — 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(13,928)(2,290)6,236 
Interest payable8,934 46,380 (2,480)
Other liabilities(2,350)— — 
Net cash provided by operating activities$2,489,823 $2,768,986 $2,987,802 

Non-cash investing and financing activities are summarized below (in thousands):

Years Ended December 31,
202520242023
Milestone payable - Trelegy(1)
$50,000 $50,000 $— 
Milestone payable - Erleada(1)
— 18,600 — 
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT(2)
— — 11,375 
(1)Related to the achievement of sales-based milestones that were not paid as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.
(2)Related to the purchase of the remaining interest in RPCT held by RPSFT that was not paid as of December 31, 2023. Refer to Note 5-Shareholders’ Equity for additional discussion.
v3.25.4
Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Future Lease Payments
As of December 31, 2025, the future minimum lease payments under the non-cancelable operating lease are as follows (in thousands):

YearPayments
2026$4,053 
20273,776 
20283,721 
20293,726 
20303,755 
Thereafter3,129 
Total lease payments22,160
Less: imputed interest(2,903)
Present value of lease liabilities$19,257 
v3.25.4
Related Party Transactions (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Summary of Related Party Transactions The distributions payable to non-controlling interests consists of the following (in thousands):
As of December 31, 2025As of December 31, 2024
Payable to Founder
$6,733 $— 
Payable to Legacy Investors Partnerships66,092 75,811 
Total distributions payable to non-controlling interests
$72,825 $75,811 
v3.25.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
noncontrolling_interest
shares
May 16, 2025
shares
Jan. 10, 2025
shares
Feb. 11, 2020
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
segment
noncontrolling_interest
shares
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Number of noncontrolling interests created | noncontrolling_interest 4       4      
Shareholders' equity | $ $ 9,714,939       $ 9,714,939 $ 10,342,366 $ 10,084,289 $ 9,525,373
Number of reportable segments | segment         1      
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Share exchange basis | shares         1      
Retained Earnings                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Shareholders' equity | $ $ 2,356,318       $ 2,356,318 2,845,653 $ 2,517,583 $ 1,964,689
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Shareholders' equity | $           (12,000)    
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment | Retained Earnings                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Shareholders' equity | $           $ (12,000)    
Vertex | Current portion of Financial royalty assets | Customer Concentration Risk                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Individual licensees exceeding 10% or more of revenue (as a percent)         32.00% 34.00%    
RP Holdings | RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Number of equity shares | shares   24,500,000 24,500,000          
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Holdings                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Number of equity shares | shares 24,450,000 24,500,000            
Share exchange basis | shares         1      
Exchange Offer | Legacy Investors Partnerships                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Exchange offering, ownership percentage       82.00%        
Royalty Pharma Investments                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Ownership percentage (as a percent)               82.00%
Old RPI | Legacy Investors Partnerships                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Noncontrolling interest (as a percent) 18.00%       18.00%      
Old RPI | Exchange Offer                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Ownership percentage (as a percent)       82.00%        
RPCT                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Ownership percentage (as a percent)       66.00%        
RPSFT | Exchange Offer                
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]                
Ownership percentage (as a percent)             34.00%  
v3.25.4
Internalization - Narrative (Details)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
May 16, 2025
USD ($)
shares
Jan. 10, 2025
USD ($)
shares
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
May 15, 2025
USD ($)
$ / shares
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Stock price | $ / shares       $ 33.12
Acquisition-related expenses     $ 28,900  
Acquisition costs incurred, percentage     0.62  
RP Manager        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Recognized liability assumed   $ 380,000    
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Manager        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Transaction value   $ 1,100,000    
Internalization, fair value $ 57,000      
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Holdings        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Number of equity shares | shares 24,500 24,500    
Shares subject to vesting (in shares) | shares 22,800      
Aggregate value $ 812,400      
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Holdings | Pre-Internalization        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Number of equity shares | shares 1,700      
Aggregate value $ 57,000     $ 57,000
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Holdings | Subject to Vesting        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Remaining aggregate amount subject to vesting $ 755,400      
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | Minimum | RP Holdings | Subject to Vesting        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Award vesting period (in years) 5 years      
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | Maximum | RP Holdings | Subject to Vesting        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Award vesting period (in years) 9 years      
Employee RSUs        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Award vesting period (in years) 4 years      
Employee RSUs | RP Manager        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Aggregate value $ 3,800      
Internalization, fair value $ 3,778      
Employee RSUs | Class A Ordinary Shares | RP Manager        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Number of equity shares | shares 316      
Aggregate value $ 10,500      
Employee EPAs        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Award vesting period (in years) 4 years      
Employee EPAs | RP Manager        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Internalization, fair value $ 422,479      
v3.25.4
Internalization - Summary of Total Purchase Consideration (Details) - RP Manager
$ in Thousands
May 16, 2025
USD ($)
Business Combination [Line Items]  
Cash $ 81,950
Total purchase price 565,207
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders  
Business Combination [Line Items]  
Fair value of equity attributable to pre-Internalization service period: 57,000
Employee RSUs  
Business Combination [Line Items]  
Fair value of equity attributable to pre-Internalization service period: 3,778
Employee EPAs  
Business Combination [Line Items]  
Fair value of equity attributable to pre-Internalization service period: $ 422,479
v3.25.4
Internalization - Summary of Preliminary Allocation of Purchase Price (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2025
May 16, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Business Combination [Line Items]      
Goodwill $ 924,634   $ 0
RP Manager      
Business Combination [Line Items]      
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 7,535  
Other current assets   1,458  
Property, plant and equipment   23,085  
Operating lease right of use asset   20,967  
Other assets   172  
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities   (1,867)  
Interest payable   (3,822)  
Term Loan   (380,000)  
Operating lease liabilities, current   (2,749)  
Operating lease liabilities   (18,218)  
Other liabilities   (5,988)  
Goodwill   924,634  
Total purchase price   $ 565,207  
v3.25.4
Internalization - Summary of Pro Forma Consolidated Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, Transaction between Entities under Common Control, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]    
Pro forma revenue $ 2,378,193 $ 2,263,576
Pro forma net income 1,395,756 $ 1,136,623
Acquisition-related expenses $ 28,900  
v3.25.4
Share-Based Compensation - Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total Share-Based Compensation $ 290,890 $ 3,224 $ 3,302
RP Holdings Class E Interests      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total Share-Based Compensation 108,945 0 0
Employee EPAs      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total Share-Based Compensation 176,334 0 0
Employee and Director RSUs      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total Share-Based Compensation $ 5,611 $ 3,224 $ 3,302
v3.25.4
Share-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
May 16, 2025
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Jun. 15, 2020
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Share-based compensation expense   $ 290,890 $ 3,224 $ 3,302  
2025 Equity Incentive Plan          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Number of shares authorized (in shares) 2,000        
2025 Equity Incentive Plan | Class A Ordinary Shares          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)   1,600      
2020 Equity Incentive Plan | Class A Ordinary Shares          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Number of shares authorized (in shares)         800
Shares reserved for future issuance (in shares)   321      
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Share-based compensation expense   $ 108,945 0 0  
Recognized amount   $ 646,500      
Vested (in shares)   19,500      
Weighted average period (in years)   5 years 6 months      
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Holdings          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Shares subject to vesting (in shares) 22,800        
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Holdings | Subject to Vesting          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Remaining aggregate amount subject to vesting $ 755,400        
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Holdings | Subject to Vesting | Minimum          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Award vesting period (in years) 5 years        
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Holdings | Subject to Vesting | Maximum          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Award vesting period (in years) 9 years        
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Manager          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Fair value of equity attributable to pre-Internalization service period: $ 57,000        
Employee EPAs          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Award vesting period (in years) 4 years        
Share-based compensation expense   $ 176,334 0 0  
Recognized amount   $ 80,500      
Weighted average period (in years)   2 years      
Fair value of EPAs $ 422,500 $ 577,900      
Employee EPAs | RP Manager          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Fair value of equity attributable to pre-Internalization service period: $ 422,479        
Employee and Director RSUs          
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Share-based compensation expense   5,611 $ 3,224 $ 3,302  
Recognized amount   $ 7,600      
Weighted average period (in years)   2 years 4 months 24 days      
v3.25.4
Shareholders' Equity - Narrative (Details)
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
class
vote
shares
May 16, 2025
shares
Jan. 10, 2025
shares
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
quarterly_dividend
class
vote
$ / shares
shares
Sep. 30, 2025
quarterly_dividend
$ / shares
Jun. 30, 2025
quarterly_dividend
$ / shares
Mar. 31, 2025
quarterly_dividend
$ / shares
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
class
vote
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
class
vote
£ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Jan. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Number of classes of voting shares | class 2     2       2 2        
Voting rights, number of shares | vote 1     1       1 1        
Common stock conversion basis 1     1       1 1        
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount | $                       $ 3,000,000,000  
Value of stock repurchased and retired | $               $ 1,227,084,000   $ 229,913,000 $ 304,759,000    
Share repurchase program, remaining authorized, amount | $ $ 1,800,000,000     $ 1,800,000,000       $ 1,800,000,000 $ 1,800,000,000        
Purchase of non-controlling interest | $                   $ 12,500,000 $ 11,400,000    
Percentage of net economic profit (as a percent)               20.00%          
Portfolio investment period               2 years          
Requisite service period (in years)               4 years          
Number of quarterly cash dividends | quarterly_dividend       4 4 4 4            
Dividends paid (in dollars per share) | $ / shares       $ 0.22 $ 0.22 $ 0.22 $ 0.22            
Dividends declared and paid | $               $ 378,300,000          
Royalty Pharma plc                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Ownership percentage (as a percent) 74.00%     74.00%       74.00% 74.00% 76.00% 75.00%    
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Vested (in shares) 2,800,000     2,800,000       2,800,000 2,800,000        
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Holdings                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Noncontrolling interest (as a percent) 4.00%     4.00%       4.00% 4.00%        
Continuing Investors Partnerships | RP Holdings                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Noncontrolling interest (as a percent) 22.00%     22.00%       22.00% 22.00% 24.00% 25.00%    
RP Holdings | RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Number of equity shares 24,450,000 24,500,000                      
Share exchange basis               1          
Equity Performance Awards                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Total awards earned | $               $ 81,186,000          
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Share exchange basis               1          
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders | RP Holdings                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Number of equity shares   24,500,000 24,500,000                    
Deferred Shares                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Shares, outstanding (in shares) 411,475,000     411,475,000       411,475,000 411,475,000 392,255,000 384,640,000   371,325,000
Class A Ordinary Shares                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Number of stock repurchased and retired (in shares)               37,400,000   8,400,000      
Value of stock repurchased and retired | $               $ 1,200,000,000   $ 229,900,000      
Dividends paid (in dollars per share) | $ / shares               $ 0.88   $ 0.84 $ 0.80    
Class A Ordinary Shares | Common Stock                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Shares, outstanding (in shares) 428,669,000     428,669,000       428,669,000 428,669,000 445,985,000 446,692,000   443,166,000
Number of stock repurchased and retired (in shares)               37,413,000   8,403,000 9,846,000    
Value of stock repurchased and retired | $               $ 4,000   $ 1,000 $ 1,000    
Class B Ordinary Shares | Common Stock                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Shares, outstanding (in shares) 148,438,000     148,438,000       148,438,000 148,438,000 143,128,000 150,743,000   164,058,000
Class R Redeemable Shares                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Redeemable stock, redemption price (in pound per share) | £ / shares                 $ 1        
Class R Redeemable Shares | Common Stock                          
Class of Stock [Line Items]                          
Shares, outstanding (in shares) 50,000     50,000       50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000   50,000
v3.25.4
Shareholders' Equity - Summary of Non-controlling Interests (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance $ 10,342,366 $ 10,084,289 $ 9,525,373
Contributions 9,983 9,038 11,855
Distributions (541,262) (476,632) (487,721)
Other exchanges 0 0 0
Internalization 60,778    
Net income 1,324,192 1,330,813 1,700,088
Ending balance 9,714,939 10,342,366 10,084,289
Non-Controlling Interests      
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance 3,395,785 3,557,792 3,897,223
Contributions 9,983 9,038 11,855
Distributions (541,262) (476,632) (487,721)
Other exchanges (345,657) (166,243) (428,808)
Share-based compensation 108,945    
Internalization 57,000    
Net income 553,245 471,830 565,254
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT     (11)
Ending balance 3,238,039 3,395,785 3,557,792
Non-Controlling Interests | RPSFT      
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance 0 0 (597)
Contributions 0 0 0
Distributions 0 0 (4,437)
Other exchanges 0 0 0
Share-based compensation 0    
Internalization 0    
Net income 0 0 5,045
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT     (11)
Ending balance 0 0 0
Non-Controlling Interests | Legacy Investors Partnerships      
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance 1,188,340 1,339,716 1,527,887
Contributions 7,643 5,161 7,981
Distributions (345,188) (351,474) (363,635)
Other exchanges 0 0 0
Share-based compensation 0    
Internalization 0    
Net income 232,524 194,937 167,483
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT     0
Ending balance 1,083,319 1,188,340 1,339,716
Non-Controlling Interests | Continuing Investors Partnerships      
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance 2,207,445 2,218,076 2,369,933
Contributions 2,340 3,877 3,874
Distributions (119,683) (125,158) (119,649)
Other exchanges (521,579) (166,243) (428,808)
Share-based compensation 0    
Internalization 0    
Net income 231,260 276,893 392,726
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT     0
Ending balance 1,799,783 2,207,445 2,218,076
Non-Controlling Interests | Founder’s Equity      
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance 0 0 0
Contributions 0 0 0
Distributions (60,243) 0 0
Other exchanges 0 0 0
Share-based compensation 0    
Internalization 0    
Net income 60,243 0 0
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT     0
Ending balance 0 0 0
Non-Controlling Interests | RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders      
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance 0 0 0
Contributions 0 0 0
Distributions (16,148) 0 0
Other exchanges 175,922 0 0
Share-based compensation 108,945    
Internalization 57,000    
Net income 29,218 0 0
Purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT     0
Ending balance $ 354,937 $ 0 $ 0
v3.25.4
Shareholders' Equity - Summary of Breakdown of Total EPAs (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Founder's Equity $ 553,245 $ 471,830 $ 565,254
Equity Performance Awards      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Founder's Equity 60,243    
Employee EPAs 20,943    
Total 81,186    
Cash 42,585    
Shares 38,601    
Total 81,186    
Unpaid amount expected to be settled in shares 14,300    
Equity Performance Awards | Mr. Legorreta      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Founder's Equity 38,400    
Equity Performance Awards | Employees With Award Participation Prior To Internalization      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Founder's Equity $ 21,800    
v3.25.4
Available for Sale Debt Securities - Narrative (Details)
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2025
USD ($)
May 31, 2024
USD ($)
tranche
quarter
payment
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
tranche
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Cytokinetics          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Long term funding partnership, amount   $ 50      
Installment repayments, percentage of amount drawn   1.5      
Cytokinetics | Development Funding          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Long term funding partnership, amount   $ 100      
Long term funding partnership, royalty installment repayments, amount   $ 100      
Long term funding partnership, royalty percentage on annual net sales   2.00%      
Number of quarters | quarter   18      
Installment repayments, percentage of amount drawn   2.4      
Cytokinetics | Development Funding | Phase 3 Trial          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Number of quarters | quarter   22      
Installment repayments, percentage of amount drawn   2.3      
Cytokinetics | Commercial Launch Funding          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Long term funding partnership, amount   $ 525      
Number of additional funding tranches | tranche   2      
Long term funding partnership, number of tranches | tranche   7      
Cytokinetics | Commercial Launch Funding | Tranches One, Four, Five and Six          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Long term funding partnership, amount         $ 275
Cytokinetics | Commercial Launch Funding | Tranche 2          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Number of tranches no longer available | tranche   2      
Cytokinetics | Commercial Launch Funding | Tranche 3          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Number of tranches no longer available | tranche   3      
Cytokinetics | Commercial Launch Funding | Tranche 7          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Number of tranches available for draw | tranche       7  
Cytokinetics | Commercial Launch Funding | Tranches One, Four, Five, Six, And Seven          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Installment repayments, percentage of amount drawn   1.9      
Number of consecutive quarterly payments | payment   34      
Cytokinetics | Commercial Launch Funding | Cytokinetics Funding Commitments | Tranche 7          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Future draw amount       $ 175  
MorphoSys | Development Funding          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Collaborative commitment to fund collaborative arrangement     $ 300    
Development fund bond          
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]          
Proceeds from sale $ 511        
v3.25.4
Available for Sale Debt Securities - Summary of Available for Sale Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]    
Cost $ 367,878 $ 504,029
Unrealized Gains 60,822 235,591
Fair Value 428,700 739,620
Current Assets 18,800 58,200
Non-Current Assets 419,000 693,500
Non-Current Liabilities (9,100) (12,080)
Debt Securities    
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]    
Cost 382,378 516,329
Unrealized Gains 55,422 235,371
Fair Value 437,800 751,700
Current Assets 18,800 58,200
Non-Current Assets 419,000 693,500
Non-Current Liabilities 0 0
Funding Commitments    
Debt and Equity Securities, FV-NI [Line Items]    
Cost (14,500) (12,300)
Unrealized Gains 5,400 220
Fair Value (9,100) (12,080)
Current Assets 0 0
Non-Current Assets 0 0
Non-Current Liabilities $ (9,100) $ (12,080)
v3.25.4
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments - Summary of Fair Value Hierarchy (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Assets:    
Available for sale debt securities $ 18,800 $ 58,200
Equity securities 171,312 186,960
Available for sale debt securities 419,000 693,500
Liabilities:    
Cytokinetics Funding Commitments $ (9,100) $ (12,080)
Fair Value Asset Liability Recurring Basis Still Held Unrealized Gain Loss Statement Of Income Extensible List Not Disclosed Flag fair value fair value
Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Total current assets $ 402,368 $ 626,517
Equity securities 171,312 186,960
Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative 0 12,000
Total non-current assets 590,312 897,783
Liabilities:    
Total non-current liabilities $ (9,100) $ (12,080)
Derivative Asset, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other assets Other assets
Royalty Investments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Royalty at fair value $ 0 $ 5,323
Cytokinetics Funding Commitment | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities:    
Cytokinetics Funding Commitments (9,100) (12,080)
Available for sale debt securities    
Assets:    
Available for sale debt securities 18,800 58,200
Available for sale debt securities 419,000 693,500
Liabilities:    
Cytokinetics Funding Commitments 0 0
Available for sale debt securities | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Available for sale debt securities 18,800 58,200
Available for sale debt securities 419,000 693,500
Money market funds | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Money market funds 383,568 568,317
Level 1 | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Total current assets 383,568 568,317
Equity securities 171,312 184,719
Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative 0 0
Total non-current assets 171,312 184,719
Liabilities:    
Total non-current liabilities 0 0
Level 1 | Royalty Investments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Royalty at fair value 0 0
Level 1 | Cytokinetics Funding Commitment | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities:    
Cytokinetics Funding Commitments 0 0
Level 1 | Available for sale debt securities | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Available for sale debt securities 0 0
Available for sale debt securities 0 0
Level 1 | Money market funds | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Money market funds 383,568 568,317
Level 2 | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Total current assets 0 0
Equity securities 0 0
Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative 0 0
Total non-current assets 0 0
Liabilities:    
Total non-current liabilities 0 0
Level 2 | Royalty Investments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Royalty at fair value 0 0
Level 2 | Cytokinetics Funding Commitment | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities:    
Cytokinetics Funding Commitments 0 0
Level 2 | Available for sale debt securities | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Available for sale debt securities 0 0
Available for sale debt securities 0 0
Level 2 | Money market funds | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Money market funds 0 0
Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Total current assets 18,800 58,200
Equity securities 0 2,241
Cytokinetics R&D Funding Derivative 0 12,000
Total non-current assets 419,000 713,064
Liabilities:    
Total non-current liabilities (9,100) (12,080)
Level 3 | Royalty Investments | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Royalty at fair value 0 5,323
Level 3 | Cytokinetics Funding Commitment | Fair Value, Recurring    
Liabilities:    
Cytokinetics Funding Commitments (9,100) (12,080)
Level 3 | Available for sale debt securities | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Available for sale debt securities 18,800 58,200
Available for sale debt securities 419,000 693,500
Level 3 | Money market funds | Fair Value, Recurring    
Assets:    
Money market funds $ 0 $ 0
v3.25.4
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments - Narrative (Details)
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
May 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]        
Gain (losses) on equity securities still held   $ (39.6) $ (8.6) $ 55.6
Financial Royalty Assets, Current        
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]        
Financial royalty asset, percentage of non-controlling interest   7.00% 9.00%  
Financial Royalty Assets, Non-current        
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]        
Financial royalty asset, percentage of non-controlling interest   7.00% 8.00%  
Level 3 | Estimate of Fair Value Measurement        
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]        
Financing receivables, fair value disclosure, current   $ 900.0 $ 800.0  
Financing receivables, fair value disclosure, non-current   $ 23,400.0 $ 21,400.0  
Level 3 | Measurement Input, Option Volatility        
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]        
Measurement input   0.425 0.400  
Cytokinetics        
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]        
Long term funding partnership, amount $ 50.0      
Optional additional amount 150.0      
Milestone payments $ 150.0      
Installment repayments, percentage of amount drawn 1.5      
Cytokinetics | Level 3 | Measurement Input, Discount Rate        
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]        
Measurement input   0.109 0.111  
v3.25.4
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments - Summary of Change in Carrying Value of Level 3 Financial Instruments (Details) - Level 3 - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Equity Securities    
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]    
Balance at the beginning of the period $ 2,241 $ 297
Purchases   46,500
Changes in fair value   1,562
Changes in fair value (2,241)  
Transfer out of level 3   (46,118)
Balance at the end of the period 0 2,241
Debt Securities    
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]    
Balance at the beginning of the period 751,700 455,400
Purchases 175,000 150,000
Gains/(losses) on initial recognition   5,000
Changes in fair value 42,679 161,086
Sales (510,553)  
Settlement of options and forward 200  
Redemptions (21,226) (19,786)
Balance at the end of the period 437,800 751,700
Funding Commitments    
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]    
Balance at the beginning of the period (12,080) (900)
Gains/(losses) on initial recognition   (5,000)
Changes in fair value 3,180  
Changes in fair value   (6,180)
Settlement of options and forward (200)  
Balance at the end of the period (9,100) (12,080)
Derivative Instrument    
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]    
Balance at the beginning of the period 12,000 0
Purchases   18,000
Changes in fair value   (6,000)
Balance at the end of the period 0 12,000
Derivative Instrument | Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment    
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]    
Balance at the beginning of the period (12,000)  
Balance at the end of the period   (12,000)
Royalty at Fair Value    
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]    
Balance at the beginning of the period 5,323 1,778
Changes in fair value   3,545
Changes in fair value (5,323)  
Balance at the end of the period $ 0 $ 5,323
v3.25.4
Financial Royalty Assets - Summary of Financial Royalty Assets, Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value $ 20,460,349 $ 19,700,209
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9) (3,185,522) (3,551,159)
Net Carrying Value 17,274,827 16,149,050
Less: Cumulative allowance for credit losses (Note 9) (211,959) (238,122)
Total current and non-current financial royalty assets, net 17,062,868 15,910,928
Cystic fibrosis franchise    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value 4,901,121 5,126,521
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9) 0 (259,353)
Net Carrying Value 4,901,121 4,867,168
Evrysdi    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value 2,331,262 2,085,851
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9) (494,123) (378,565)
Net Carrying Value 1,837,139 1,707,286
Voranigo    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value 982,802 946,588
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9) 0 0
Net Carrying Value 982,802 946,588
Trelegy    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value 993,629 1,121,980
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9) (17,356) (66,647)
Net Carrying Value 976,273 1,055,333
Imdelltra    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value 924,239  
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9) 0  
Net Carrying Value 924,239  
Tremfya    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value 909,607 935,069
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9) 0 (77,895)
Net Carrying Value 909,607 857,174
Other    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value 9,417,689 8,164,902
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9) (2,674,043) (2,492,565)
Net Carrying Value $ 6,743,646 5,672,337
Tysabri    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value   1,319,298
Cumulative Allowance for Changes in Expected Cash Flows (Note 9)   (276,134)
Net Carrying Value   $ 1,043,164
v3.25.4
Financial Royalty Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Financial royalty asset, net $ 17,062,868 $ 15,910,928
Unapproved Assets    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Financing receivable, unapproved financial assets held at cost 1,400,000  
Financial Royalty Asset, Fexalimab    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Financial royalty asset, net $ 522,600  
v3.25.4
Cumulative Allowance and the Provision for Changes in Expected Cash Flows from Financial Royalty Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]        
Beginning balance $ (3,789,281) $ (3,065,145) $ (2,591,882)  
Increases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets (687,269) (1,438,001) (1,006,933)  
Decreases to the cumulative allowance for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets 956,944 805,955 468,562  
Write-off of cumulative allowance 95,962 8,325 87,393  
Provision for credit losses, net 26,163 (100,415) (22,285)  
Ending balance $ (3,397,481) $ (3,789,281) $ (3,065,145) $ (2,591,882)
Writeoff related to financial royalty asset       $ 115,400
v3.25.4
Non-Consolidated Affiliates (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Feb. 11, 2020
May 31, 2018
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                  
Equity method investments     $ 379,424   $ 289,968 $ 379,424      
Equity in income/(losses) of equity method investees         29,089 29,611 $ 28,882    
Distributions from equity method investees         105,149 23,641 43,882    
Distributions from equity method investees         13,396 13,396 18,823    
AstraZeneca | Avillion II                  
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                  
Milestone payment received $ 22,000   55,000            
Legacy Investors Partnerships                  
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                  
Equity method investments               $ 303,700  
Equity in income/(losses) of equity method investees         17,000 10,400 4,300    
Distributions from equity method investees         74,800 22,700 14,300    
Avillion Entities                  
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                  
Equity in income/(losses) of equity method investees         12,100 19,200 24,600    
Avillion I                  
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                  
Distributions from equity method investees         13,400 13,400 $ 13,600    
Avillion II                  
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                  
Distributions from equity method investees         3,000 1,000      
Other commitment                 $ 155,000
Proceeds exercise fee       $ 80,000          
Exercise fee, pro rata amount       $ 34,800          
Milestone payment received, pro rata amount $ 10,000 $ 27,400              
Unfunded Commitments Related To Avillion Entities                  
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                  
Other commitment     $ 10,300   $ 10,300 $ 10,300      
v3.25.4
Research and Development Funding Expense (Details)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2025
USD ($)
quarter
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]        
Research and development funding expense $ 452,000 $ 2,000 $ 52,000  
Litifilimab | R&D Funding Arrangement With Biogen        
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]        
Unfunded R&D commitment 50,000      
Daraxonrasib        
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]        
Research and development funding expense $ 250,000      
Biogen        
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]        
Aggregate payments       $ 250,000
Number of quarters | quarter       6
Biogen | Litifilimab        
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]        
Upfront payment       $ 50,000
Cytokinetics        
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]        
Research and development funding expense     $ 50,000  
v3.25.4
Borrowings - Summary of Borrowings (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
May 16, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs $ (229,083,000)   $ (187,574,000)
Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs 8,950,917,000   7,612,426,000
Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs (380,000,000)   (997,773,000)
Less: Current portion of long-term debt $ 8,570,917,000   6,614,653,000
$1,000,000, 1.20% (issued at 98.875% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 1.20%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 98.875%    
Debt issued, amount $ 1,000,000,000   1,000,000,000
$1,000,000, 1.75% (issued at 98.284% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 1.75%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 98.284%    
Debt issued, amount $ 1,000,000,000   1,000,000,000
$500,000, 5.15% (issued at 98.758% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 5.15%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 98.758%    
Debt issued, amount $ 500,000,000   500,000,000
$1,000,000, 2.20% (issued at 97.760% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 2.20%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 97.76%    
Debt issued, amount $ 1,000,000,000   1,000,000,000
$600,000, 4.45% (issued at 98.909% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 4.45%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 98.909%    
Debt issued, amount $ 600,000,000   0
$600,000, 2.15% (issued at 98.263% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 2.15%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 98.263%    
Debt issued, amount $ 600,000,000   600,000,000
$500,000, 5.40% (issued at 97.872% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 5.40%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 97.872%    
Debt issued, amount $ 500,000,000   500,000,000
$900,000, 5.20% (issued at 97.989% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 5.20%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 97.989%    
Debt issued, amount $ 900,000,000   0
$1,000,000, 3.30% (issued at 95.556% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 3.30%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 95.556%    
Debt issued, amount $ 1,000,000,000   1,000,000,000
$1,000,000, 3.55% (issued at 95.306% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 3.55%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 95.306%    
Debt issued, amount $ 1,000,000,000   1,000,000,000
$700,000, 3.35% (issued at 97.565% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 3.35%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 97.565%    
Debt issued, amount $ 700,000,000   700,000,000
$500,000, 5.90% (issued at 97.617% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 5.90%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 97.617%    
Debt issued, amount $ 500,000,000   500,000,000
$500,000, 5.95% (issued at 95.824% of par) | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt instrument, stated rate (as percent) 5.95%    
Debt issued as a percent of par value (as percent) 95.824%    
Debt issued, amount $ 500,000,000   0
Term Loan | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Debt issued, amount $ 380,000,000 $ 380,000,000 $ 0
v3.25.4
Borrowings - Narrative (Details)
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended
Dec. 22, 2028
USD ($)
Oct. 31, 2027
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Jan. 24, 2024
Jul. 26, 2021
USD ($)
Sep. 02, 2020
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Aug. 31, 2025
USD ($)
May 16, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 22, 2023
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Long-term debt, carrying value     $ 8,950,917,000                 $ 7,612,426,000  
The Notes | Unsecured Debt | Level 2                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Fair value of outstanding notes     7,900,000,000                 6,500,000,000  
2024 Notes | Unsecured Debt                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Debt issued, amount               $ 1,500,000,000          
Unamortized discount and loan issuance costs on long-term debt               28,800,000          
Debt issuances costs capitalized               $ 12,600,000          
Weighted average coupon rate (as percent)               5.48%          
Weighted average effective interest rate (as percent)               5.92%          
2024 Notes | Unsecured Debt | Prior to the applicable par call date                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Redemption price (as percent)               100.00%          
2024 Notes | Unsecured Debt | Upon occurrence of a change of control triggering event                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Redemption price (as percent)               101.00%          
2021 Notes | Unsecured Debt                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Debt issued, amount         $ 1,300,000,000                
Unamortized discount and loan issuance costs on long-term debt         176,400,000                
Debt issuances costs capitalized         $ 52,700,000                
Weighted average coupon rate (as percent)         2.80%                
Weighted average effective interest rate (as percent)         3.06%                
2021 Notes | Unsecured Debt | Prior to the applicable par call date                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Redemption price (as percent)         100.00%                
2021 Notes | Unsecured Debt | Upon occurrence of a change of control triggering event                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Redemption price (as percent)         101.00%                
2020 Notes | Unsecured Debt                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Debt issued, amount           $ 6,000,000,000              
Unamortized discount and loan issuance costs on long-term debt           176,400,000              
Debt issuances costs capitalized           $ 52,700,000              
Weighted average coupon rate (as percent)           2.13%              
Weighted average effective interest rate (as percent)           2.50%              
Proceeds from revolving credit facility     2,000,000,000                    
2020 Notes | Unsecured Debt | Prior to the applicable par call date                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Redemption price (as percent)           100.00%              
2020 Notes | Unsecured Debt | Upon occurrence of a change of control triggering event                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Redemption price (as percent)           101.00%              
Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility And Term Loan | Unsecured Debt | Revolving Credit Facility                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Maximum consolidated leverage ratio       4.00                  
Maximum consolidated leverage ratio following qualifying material acquisition       4.50                  
Minimum consolidated coverage ratio       2.50                  
Maximum consolidated cash flow ratio       5.00                  
Maximum consolidated cash flow ratio, following qualifying material acquisition       5.50                  
Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility | Unsecured Debt | Revolving Credit Facility                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity                         $ 1,800,000,000
Long-term debt, carrying value     0                 0  
Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility | Unsecured Debt | Revolving Credit Facility | Overnight Bank Funding Rate                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent)       0.50%                  
Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility | Unsecured Debt | Revolving Credit Facility | Federal Funds Rate                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent)       0.50%                  
Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility | Unsecured Debt | Revolving Credit Facility | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR)                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent)       1.00%                  
Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility | Unsecured Debt | Revolving Credit Facility | Forecast                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Maturities of revolving commitments $ 1,690,000,000 $ 110,000,000                      
Term Loan | Unsecured Debt                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Debt issued, amount     $ 380,000,000               $ 380,000,000 $ 0  
Term Loan | Unsecured Debt | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR)                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Basis spread on variable rate (as percent)                 1.25%        
Uncommitted Credit Facility | Unsecured Debt | Revolving Credit Facility                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity                   $ 350,000,000      
2025 Notes | Unsecured Debt                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Debt issued, amount             $ 2,000,000,000   $ 2,000,000,000        
Unamortized discount and loan issuance costs on long-term debt             45,500,000   45,500,000        
Debt issuances costs capitalized             $ 16,200,000   $ 16,200,000        
Weighted average coupon rate (as percent)             5.16%   5.16%        
Weighted average effective interest rate (as percent)             5.61%   5.61%        
2025 Notes | Unsecured Debt | Prior to the applicable par call date                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Redemption price (as percent)             100.00%            
2025 Notes | Unsecured Debt | Upon occurrence of a change of control triggering event                          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                          
Redemption price (as percent)             101.00%            
v3.25.4
Borrowings - Summary of Repayments of Debt by Year (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs $ 229,083 $ 187,574
Unsecured Debt | The Notes and Term Loan    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
2026 380,000  
2027 1,000,000  
2028 0  
2029 500,000  
2030 1,000,000  
Thereafter 6,300,000  
Total $ 9,180,000  
v3.25.4
Earnings Per Share - Narrative (Details) - RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders - shares
12 Months Ended
May 16, 2025
Jan. 10, 2025
Dec. 31, 2025
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]      
Share exchange basis     1
RP Holdings      
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]      
Number of equity shares 24,500,000 24,500,000  
v3.25.4
Earnings per Share - Summary of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic [Abstract]      
Consolidated net income $ 1,324,192 $ 1,330,813 $ 1,700,088
Less: net income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interests 553,245 471,830 565,254
Net income attributable to Royalty Pharma plc - basic 770,947 858,983 1,134,834
Net income attributable to Royalty Pharma plc - diluted $ 1,005,522 $ 1,135,876 $ 1,527,560
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic [Abstract]      
Weighted average Class A ordinary shares outstanding - basic (in shares) 429,801 448,185 447,601
Unvested RSUs (in shares) 14 12 7
Shares contingently issuable attributable to EPA Vehicle (in shares) 270 0 0
Weighted average Class A ordinary shares outstanding - diluted (in shares) 564,455 594,108 602,900
Earnings per Class A ordinary share - basic (in dollars per share) $ 1.79 $ 1.92 $ 2.54
Earnings per Class A ordinary share - diluted (in dollars per share) $ 1.78 $ 1.91 $ 2.53
Continuing Investors Partnerships      
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic [Abstract]      
Less: net income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interests $ 231,260 $ 276,893 $ 392,726
Add: Reallocation of net income attributable from the assumed exchanges of Class B ordinary shares $ 231,260 $ 276,893 $ 392,726
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic [Abstract]      
Assumed exchanges of Class B ordinary shares (in shares) 132,616 145,911 155,292
Legacy Investors Partnerships      
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic [Abstract]      
Less: net income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interests $ 232,524 $ 194,937 $ 172,528
Founder's Equity      
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic [Abstract]      
Less: net income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interests 60,243 0 0
RP Holdings Class E Interests Holders      
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic [Abstract]      
Less: net income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interests 29,218 0 0
Add: Reallocation of net income attributable from the assumed exchanges of Class B ordinary shares $ 3,315 $ 0 $ 0
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic [Abstract]      
Assumed exchanges of Class B ordinary shares (in shares) 1,754 0 0
v3.25.4
Indirect Cash Flow (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Cash flow from operating activities:      
Consolidated net income $ 1,324,192 $ 1,330,813 $ 1,700,088
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Income from financial royalty assets (2,261,152) (2,149,422) (2,197,754)
Provision for changes in expected cash flows from financial royalty assets (295,838) 732,461 560,656
Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments 89,032 0 0
Share-based compensation 289,894 2,344 2,357
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs 22,440 19,562 20,499
Losses on derivative financial instruments 0 6,000 2,290
Losses/(gains) on equity securities 21,852 (39,549) (87,139)
Equity in earnings of equity method investees (29,089) (29,611) (28,882)
Distributions from equity method investees 13,396 13,396 18,823
Amortization of prepaid expenses 6,197 0 0
Gains on available for sale debt securities (45,859) (154,906) (230,840)
Depreciation 3,852 0 0
Other 13,307 1,105 20,912
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Cash collected on financial royalty assets 3,354,750 2,983,410 3,201,410
Other royalty income receivable (2,360) (4,551) (1,521)
Other current assets (7,723) 13,844 3,147
Other assets 276 0 0
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (13,928) (2,290) 6,236
Interest payable 8,934 46,380 (2,480)
Other liabilities (2,350) 0 0
Net cash provided by operating activities 2,489,823 2,768,986 2,987,802
Condensed Statement of Income Captions [Line Items]      
Unpaid purchase of non-controlling interest in RPCT 0 0 11,375
Trelegy      
Condensed Statement of Income Captions [Line Items]      
Milestone payable 50,000 50,000 0
Erleada      
Condensed Statement of Income Captions [Line Items]      
Milestone payable $ 0 $ 18,600 $ 0
v3.25.4
Commitments and Contingencies - Narrative (Details)
$ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
USD ($)
tranche
part
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]        
Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments   $ 89,032 $ 0 $ 0
Lease extension term   5 years    
Lease liability   $ 19,257    
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]   Other liabilities    
RP Manager        
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]        
Right of use assets   $ 19,100    
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]   Other assets    
Lease liability   $ 16,100    
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]   Other liabilities    
Revolution Medicines Funding Commitments        
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]        
Number of parts to funding arrangement | part 2      
Revolution Medicines, Inc | Senior Secured Term Loan | Revolution Medicines Funding Commitments        
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]        
Long term funding partnership, number of tranches | tranche 3      
Long term funding partnership, amount $ 250,000      
Revolution Medicines, Inc | Maximum | Revolution Medicines Funding Commitments        
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]        
Other commitment $ 2,000,000      
Revolution Medicines, Inc | Maximum | Senior Secured Term Loan | Revolution Medicines Funding Commitments        
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]        
Other commitment   $ 750,000    
Royalty Purchase | Revolution Medicines, Inc | Revolution Medicines Funding Commitments        
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]        
Long term funding partnership, number of tranches | tranche 5      
Long term funding partnership, amount $ 250,000      
Funding commitment remained unfunded   1,000,000    
Royalty Purchase | Revolution Medicines, Inc | Maximum | Revolution Medicines Funding Commitments        
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]        
Other commitment $ 1,250,000      
Cytokinetics Funding Commitments        
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]        
Long term funding partnership, remaining availability   $ 175,000    
v3.25.4
Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Future Lease Payments (Details)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
2026 $ 4,053
2027 3,776
2028 3,721
2029 3,726
2030 3,755
Thereafter 3,129
Total lease payments 22,160
Less: imputed interest (2,903)
Present value of lease liabilities $ 19,257
v3.25.4
Related Party Transactions - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 08, 2017
Jan. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Financial royalty asset, net     $ 17,062,868 $ 15,910,928    
Upfront payment for financial royalty assets     1,697,729 2,505,701 $ 2,115,522  
Shareholders' equity     9,714,939 10,342,366 10,084,289 $ 9,525,373
Treasury Interests            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Shareholders' equity     (2,612) (2,662) (2,629) (2,806)
Non-Controlling Interests            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Shareholders' equity     3,238,039 3,395,785 3,557,792 $ 3,897,223
Related Party | Bristol-Myers Squibb            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Financial royalty asset, net     $ 9,400 44,700    
Related Party | Errol De Souza            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Upfront payment for financial royalty assets   $ 2,500        
Milestone payment received   $ 2,220        
Operating and Personnel Payments | Related Party            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Quarterly payments to affiliates, percent of adjusted cash receipts (as percent)     6.50%      
Quarterly payments to affiliates, percent of security investment (as percent)     0.25%      
Operating and personnel payments incurred     $ 115,700 188,600 $ 204,600  
Assignment Agreement - Benefit of Payment Stream | Bristol-Myers Squibb            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Related party, rate (as percent) 50.00%          
Assignment Agreement - Funding Obligations | Bristol-Myers Squibb            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Related party, rate (as percent) 50.00%          
Acquisition Of Limited Partnership Interests In Affiliate | Related Party            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Number of limited partnership interest acquired (in shares)     27,210      
Acquisition Of Limited Partnership Interests In Affiliate | Related Party | Treasury Interests            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Shareholders' equity     $ 4,300      
Acquisition Of Limited Partnership Interests In Affiliate | Related Party | Non-Controlling Interests            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Shareholders' equity       $ 1,600    
v3.25.4
Related Party Transactions - Summary of Distributions Payable to Non-controlling Interests (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]    
Total distributions payable to non-controlling interests $ 72,825 $ 75,811
Payable to Founder | Related Party    
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]    
Total distributions payable to non-controlling interests 6,733 0
Payable to Legacy Investors Partnerships | Related Party    
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]    
Total distributions payable to non-controlling interests $ 66,092 $ 75,811
v3.25.4
Subsequent Events (Details) - Subsequent Event - Teva Pharmaceuticals
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2026
USD ($)
Subsequent Event [Line Items]  
Long term funding partnership, maximum commitment $ 500
Phase 2b  
Subsequent Event [Line Items]  
Long term funding partnership, maximum commitment 75
Phase 3  
Subsequent Event [Line Items]  
Long term funding partnership, maximum commitment $ 425