DOORDASH, INC., 10-K filed on 3/5/2021
Annual Report
v3.20.4
Cover - USD ($)
$ in Billions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Feb. 26, 2021
Entity Information [Line Items]    
Document Type 10-K  
Document Annual Report true  
Document Transition Report false  
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2020  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
Entity File Number 001-39759  
Entity Registrant Name DOORDASH, INC.  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE  
Entity Tax Identification Number 46-2852392  
Entity Address, Address Line One 303 2nd Street, South Tower, 8th Floor  
Entity Address, City or Town San Francisco  
Entity Address, State or Province CA  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 94107  
City Area Code 650  
Local Phone Number 487-3970  
Title of 12(b) Security Class A common stock, par value of $0.00001 per share  
Trading Symbol DASH  
Security Exchange Name NYSE  
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer No  
Entity Voluntary Filers No  
Entity Current Reporting Status No  
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes  
Entity Filer Category Non-accelerated Filer  
Entity Small Business false  
Entity Emerging Growth Company false  
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag false  
Entity Shell Company false  
Entity Public Float $ 19.9  
Documents Incorporated by Reference Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated. Such Definitive Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.  
Entity Central Index Key 0001792789  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2020  
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY  
Amendment Flag false  
Class A Common Stock    
Entity Information [Line Items]    
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   290,150,290
Class B Common Stock    
Entity Information [Line Items]    
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   31,313,450
Class C Common Stock    
Entity Information [Line Items]    
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   0
v3.20.4
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Statement) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Current assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 4,345 $ 257
Marketable securities 514 508
Funds held at payment processors 146 50
Accounts receivable, net 291 58
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 221 125
Total current assets 5,517 998
Restricted cash 0 30
Operating lease right-of-use assets 203 166
Property and equipment, net 210 101
Intangible assets, net 74 103
Goodwill 316 306
Other assets 33 28
Total assets 6,353 1,732
Current liabilities:    
Accounts payable 80 20
Operating lease liabilities 15 17
Convertible notes 364 0
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 943 345
Total current liabilities 1,402 382
Operating lease liabilities 238 167
Other liabilities 13 1
Total liabilities 1,653 550
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.00001 par value, 235,860 and zero shares authorized, 230,667 and zero shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively; liquidation preference of $2,197 and zero as of December 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively 0 2,264
Stockholders’ (deficit) equity:    
Common stock, par value, Class A, Class B and Class C shares authorized, issued and outstanding 0 0
Additional paid-in capital 6,313 70
Accumulated deficit (1,613) (1,152)
Total stockholders’ (deficit) equity 4,700 (1,082)
Total liabilities, redeemable convertible preferred stock, and stockholders’ (deficit) equity $ 6,353 $ 1,732
v3.20.4
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Class of Stock [Line Items]    
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value ($ per share) $ 0.00001 $ 0.00001
Rebeemable convertible preferred, authorized (shares) 0 235,860,000
Redeemable convertible preferred, issued (shares) 0 230,667,000
Redeemable convertible preferred, outstanding (shares) 0 230,667,000
Redeemable convertible preferred liquidation preference $ 0 $ 2,197,000,000
Common stock, par value ($ per share) $ 0.00001 $ 0.00001
Class A Common Stock    
Class of Stock [Line Items]    
Common stock, authorized (shares) 6,000,000,000 360,000,000
Common stock, issued (shares) 287,190,000 43,937,000
Common stock, outstanding (shares) 287,190,000 43,937,000
Class B Common Stock    
Class of Stock [Line Items]    
Common stock, authorized (shares) 200,000,000 0
Common stock, issued (shares) 31,313,000 0
Common stock, outstanding (shares) 31,313,000 0
Class C Common Stock    
Class of Stock [Line Items]    
Common stock, authorized (shares) 2,000,000,000 0
Common stock, issued (shares) 0 0
Common stock, outstanding (shares) 0 0
v3.20.4
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Statement) - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Income Statement [Abstract]      
Revenue $ 2,886 $ 885 $ 291
Costs and expenses:      
Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below 1,368 523 228
Sales and marketing 957 594 135
Research and development 321 107 51
General and administrative 556 245 78
Depreciation and amortization 120 32 9
Total costs and expenses 3,322 1,501 501
Loss from operations (436) (616) (210)
Interest income 7 18 7
Interest expense (32) 0 (1)
Other (expense) income, net 3 (68) 0
Loss before income taxes (458) (666) (204)
Provision for income taxes 3 1 0
Net loss (461) (667) (204)
Premium paid on repurchase of redeemable convertible preferred stock 0 0 (3)
Deemed dividend to preferred stockholders 0 (1) 0
Net loss attributable to common stockholders $ (461) $ (668) $ (207)
Net loss per share attributabe to common stockholders, basic and diluted ($ per share) $ (7.39) $ (15.44) $ (4.67)
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted (in shares) 62,390 43,252 44,305
v3.20.4
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss (Statement) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]      
Net loss $ (461) $ (667) $ (204)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:      
Change in unrealized (loss) gain on marketable securities 0 1 (1)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income 0 1 (1)
Comprehensive loss $ (461) $ (666) $ (205)
v3.20.4
Consolidated Statements of Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) (Statement) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Total
Common Stock
Additional Paid-in Capital
Accumulated Deficit
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
Additional Paid-in Capital
Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock
Series E redeemable convertible preferred stock
Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock
Series G redeemable convertible preferred stock
Series H redeemable convertible preferred stock
Common stock, outstanding (shares), beginning at Dec. 31, 2017   44,128,000                    
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2017 $ (198) $ 0 $ 23 $ (221) $ 0              
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                        
Repurchase and retirement of stock (shares)   (7,208,000)                    
Repurchase and retirement of stock (60)     (60)   $ (3) $ (3)          
Other comprehensive loss (1)       (1)              
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Conversion of Convertible Securities               11,752,000        
Conversion of promissory notes to Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock               $ 60        
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options (shares)   4,882,000                    
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options 5   5                  
Stock-based compensation 25   25                  
Net loss (204) $ (204)   (204)                
Common stock, outstanding (shares), ending at Dec. 31, 2018   41,802,000                    
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2018 (436) $ 0 50 (485) (1)              
Preferred stock, outstanding (shares), beginning at Dec. 31, 2017           75,550,000            
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2017           $ 200            
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]                        
Issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock, net of issuance costs (shares)               86,256,000 18,055,000      
Issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock, net of issuance costs               $ 475 $ 250      
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Conversion of Convertible Securities               11,752,000        
Conversion of promissory notes to Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock               $ 60        
Repurchase and retirement of preferred stock (shares)           (297,000)            
Preferred stock, outstanding (shares), ending at Dec. 31, 2018           191,316,000            
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2018           $ 985            
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                        
Deemed dividend to preferred stockholders (1)   (1)                  
Other comprehensive loss 1       1              
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options (shares)   2,135,000                    
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options 3   3                  
Stock-based compensation 18   18                  
Net loss (667) $ (667)   (667)                
Common stock, outstanding (shares), ending at Dec. 31, 2019   43,937,000                    
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2019 $ (1,082) $ 0 70 (1,152) 0              
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]                        
Issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock, net of issuance costs (shares)                   18,186,000 18,529,000  
Issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock, net of issuance costs                   $ 408 $ 703  
Forward contract liability recognized in connection with Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock                   $ 68    
Issuance of Series G redeemable convertible preferred stock in connection with the acquisition of Caviar (shares)                     2,636,000  
Issuance of Series G redeemable convertible preferred stock in connection with the acquisition of Caviar                     $ 100  
Preferred stock, outstanding (shares), ending at Dec. 31, 2019 230,667,000         230,667,000            
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2019 $ 2,264         $ 2,264            
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                        
Other comprehensive loss 0                      
Issuance of common stock in connection with initial public offering, net of offering costs, underwriting discounts and commissions (shares)   33,000,000                    
Issuance of common stock in connection with initial public offering, net of offering costs, underwriting discounts and commissions 3,269   3,269                  
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Conversion of Convertible Securities   239,270,000       (238,984,000)            
Conversion of promissory notes to Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock $ 2,646   2,646     $ (2,646)            
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock warrants (shares)   105,000                    
Issuance of common stock upon settlement of RSUs (shares)   65,000                    
Shares withheld related to net share settlement (shares) (65,000) (65,000)                    
Shares withheld related to net share settlement $ (7)   (7)                  
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options (shares) 2,191,000 2,191,000                    
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options $ 5   5                  
Stock-based compensation 330   330                  
Net loss (461)     (461)                
Common stock, outstanding (shares), ending at Dec. 31, 2020   318,503,000                    
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2020 4,700 $ 0 6,313 $ (1,613) $ 0              
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]                        
Issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock, net of issuance costs (shares)                       8,322,000
Issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock, net of issuance costs                       $ 382
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Conversion of Convertible Securities   239,270,000       (238,984,000)            
Conversion of promissory notes to Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock $ 2,646   $ 2,646     $ (2,646)            
Repurchase and retirement of preferred stock (shares)           (5,000)            
Preferred stock, outstanding (shares), ending at Dec. 31, 2020 0         0            
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2020 $ 0         $ 0            
v3.20.4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Statement) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities      
Net loss $ (461) $ (667) $ (204)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization 120 32 9
Change in fair value of forward contract liability 0 67 0
Non-cash interest expense 31 0 0
Stock-based compensation 322 18 24
Reduction of operating lease right-of-use assets and accretion of operating lease liabilities 40 22 0
Bad debt expense 16 4 0
Other 18 0 0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Funds held at payment processors (96) (9) (19)
Accounts receivable, net (248) (40) (17)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (96) (88) (30)
Other assets (20) (18) (5)
Accounts payable 54 (13) 25
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 587 251 48
Payments for operating lease liabilities (26) (3) 0
Other liabilities 11 (23) 10
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities 252 (467) (159)
Cash flows from investing activities      
Purchases of property and equipment (106) (78) (13)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (28) (315) 0
Capitalized software and website development costs (53) (14) (3)
Purchases of marketable securities (593) (762) (390)
Sales of marketable securities 4 160 0
Maturities of marketable securities 583 440 49
Other investing activities 1 (1) 0
Net cash used in investing activities (192) (570) (357)
Cash flows from financing activities      
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon initial public offering, net of underwriter discounts 3,289 0 0
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of issuance costs 382 1,111 725
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes, net of issuance costs 333 0 0
Proceeds from exercise of stock options 5 3 5
Repurchase of common stock 0 0 (60)
Deferred offering costs paid (6) (3) 0
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards (7) 0 0
Other financing activities 0 (2) (4)
Net cash provided by financing activities 3,996 1,109 666
Foreign currency effect on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 2 0 0
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 4,058 72 150
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period 287 215 65
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period $ 4,345 $ 287 $ 215
v3.20.4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]      
Cash and cash equivalents $ 4,345 $ 257 $ 215
Restricted cash 0 30 0
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 4,345 287 215
Non-cash investing and financing activities      
Conversion of redeemable convertible preferred stock to common stock upon initial public offering 2,646 0 0
Purchases of property and equipment not yet settled 17 14 3
Conversion of convertible promissory notes to preferred stock 0 0 60
Redeemable convertible preferred stock issued in connection with an acquisition 0 100 0
Leasehold improvements acquired through tenant improvement allowance 9 0 0
Deferred offering costs not yet paid 10 2 0
Stock-based compensation included in capitalized software and website development costs 8 0 0
Holdback consideration for acquisitions $ 3 $ 0 $ 0
v3.20.4
Organization and Description of Business
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Organization and Description of Business Organization and Description of Business
Description of Business
DoorDash, Inc. (the “Company”), is incorporated in Delaware with headquarters in San Francisco, California. The Company provides a local logistics platform that enables local brick-and-mortar businesses to address consumers’ expectations of ease and immediacy and thrive in today’s convenience economy.
The Company’s local logistics platform connects merchants, consumers, and Dashers. The Company operates the DoorDash Marketplace, which enables merchants to establish an online presence and expand their reach by connecting them with consumers (the “Marketplace”). Merchants can either fulfill this demand with independent contractors who use the Company’s platform to deliver orders (“Dashers”) or by in-person pickup by consumers. As part of the Marketplace, the Company also offers Pickup, which allows consumers to place advance orders, skip lines, and pick up their orders conveniently with no consumer fees, as well as DoorDash for Work, which provides merchants on the Company’s platform with large group orders and catering orders for businesses and events. The Marketplace also includes DashPass, the Company’s subscription product, which provides consumers with unlimited access to eligible merchants with zero delivery fees and reduced service fees. In addition to the Marketplace, the Company offers DoorDash Drive, a white-label logistics service that enables merchants that have generated consumer demand through their own channels to fulfill this demand using the Company’s local logistics platform (“Drive”), and DoorDash Storefront that enables merchants to create their own branded online ordering experience, providing them with a turnkey solution to offer consumers on-demand access to e-commerce without investing in in-house engineering or logistics capabilities.
Initial Public Offering
On December 9, 2020, the Company completed its initial public offering ("IPO") in which it issued and sold 33 million shares of its Class A common stock at the public offering price of $102.00 per share. The Company received net proceeds of $3.3 billion after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs.
Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO, all shares of the Company’s outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock automatically converted into 239 million shares of its common stock. Additionally, immediately prior to the completion of the IPO, the Company filed its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, which authorizes a total of 6.0 billion shares of Class A common stock, 200 million shares of Class B common stock, 2.0 billion shares of Class C common stock, and 600 million shares of preferred stock. Upon the filing of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, 285 million shares of the Company’s common stock were automatically reclassified into an equivalent number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (the “Reclassification”). Immediately after the Reclassification and prior to the completion of the IPO, a total of 31 million shares of Class A common stock held by Tony Xu, Andy Fang, Stanley Tang, and their respective affiliated trusts were exchanged for an equivalent number of shares of Class B common stock pursuant to the terms of certain exchange agreements. As a result, following the completion of the IPO, the Company has three classes of authorized common stock: Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock, of which Class A common stock and Class B common stock were outstanding as of December 31, 2020.
The Company granted certain employees restricted stock units (“RSUs”) with both service-based and liquidity event-related performance vesting conditions ("IPO Vested RSUs"). Upon the consummation of the Company’s IPO, the Company recognized $279 million of stock-based compensation expense for IPO Vested RSUs as the performance vesting condition was satisfied. One share of Class A common stock for each of the IPO Vested RSUs will be delivered on the applicable settlement date, which is approximately 180 days after the IPO. The future tax benefits on settlement of the above RSUs is not expected to be material as currently the Company has established valuation allowances to reduce its net deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.
To meet the related tax withholding requirements related to IPO Vested RSUs, for stockholders who elected to net share settle, the Company withheld 65,058 shares of Class A common stock subject to the vesting of the IPO Vested RSUs and paid $7 million to the relevant tax authorities in cash to satisfy such tax obligations as well as any income tax withholding obligations arising as a result of settlement of such shares. Certain employees elected to receive a short-term loan from the Company, with interest that will accrue at the applicable federal rate. The short-term loan extended to employees totaled $10 million as of December 31, 2020 and is included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the
Company's consolidated balance sheets. The balance of the loan is repayable from the proceeds of sale of shares into the market on the settlement date.
Stock Splits
In November 2020, the Company’s board of directors and the stockholders of the Company approved a five-for-one forward stock split of the Company’s common stock and redeemable convertible preferred stock (collectively, the “Capital Stock”), which became effective on November 9, 2020. The authorized number of each class and series of Capital Stock was proportionally increased in accordance with the five-for-one stock split and the par value of each class of Capital Stock was not adjusted as a result of this forward stock split. All common stock, redeemable convertible preferred stock, stock options, RSUs, warrants, and per share information presented within these consolidated financial statements have been adjusted to reflect this forward stock split on a retroactive basis for all periods presented.
v3.20.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of DoorDash, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts from prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
Segments
Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer is the Company’s CODM. The CODM reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance. As such, the Company has determined that it operates in one reportable segment. See Note 3 for revenue by geography. As of December 31, 2019, long-lived assets located outside of the United States were not material. As of December 31, 2020, long-lived assets located outside of the United States were $21 million.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period presented. Estimates include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, allowances for credit losses, estimated useful lives of property and equipment, capitalized software and website development costs, intangible assets, stock-based compensation, valuation of investments and other financial instruments, valuation of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, the incremental borrowing rate applied in lease accounting, insurance reserves, loss contingencies, and income and indirect taxes. Actual results could differ from these estimates. 
Business Combinations
The Company accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, allocation of the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to the valuation of intangible assets. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, the Company may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with a corresponding offset to goodwill if new information is obtained related to facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. Upon the conclusion of
the measurement period or final determination of the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. Acquisition costs, such as legal and consulting fees, are expensed as incurred.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash includes demand deposits with banks or financial institutions as well as cash in transit from payment processors. Cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less and their carrying values approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. Restricted cash consists of collateral provided for letters of credit established primarily for real estate leases and insurance policies. As of December 31, 2020, the restricted cash balance was not material.
Marketable Securities
Marketable securities primarily consist of commercial paper, U.S. government agency securities, U.S. Treasury securities, and corporate bonds. The Company invests in a diversified portfolio of marketable securities and limits the concentration of its investment in any particular security. Securities with original maturities greater than three months, but less than one year, are included in current assets and securities with original maturities greater than one year are included in non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. All marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value.
If the estimated fair value of an available-for-sale debt security is below its amortized cost basis, then the Company evaluates the security for impairment. The Company considers its intent to sell the security or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized basis. If either of these criteria are met, the debt security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. If neither of these criteria are met, the Company evaluates whether unrealized losses have resulted from a credit loss or other factors. The factors considered in determining whether a credit loss exists can include the extent to which fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, any adverse conditions specifically related to the security, as well as other factors. An impairment relating to credit losses is recorded through an allowance for credit losses reported in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. The allowance is limited by the amount that the fair value of the debt security is below its amortized cost basis. When a credit loss exists, the Company compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security with the amortized cost basis of the security to determine what allowance amount, if any, should be recorded. Unrealized losses not resulting from credit losses are recorded through accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Funds Held at Payment Processors
Funds held at payment processors represent cash due from the Company’s payment processors for cleared transactions with merchants and consumers, as well as funds transferred to payment processors for Dasher payout.
Accounts Receivable, Net and Allowance for Credit Losses
Accounts receivable, net primarily represents receivables from merchants generated through the Company’s Drive offering. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses, which is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectability of accounts. The Company regularly reviews the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses on a collective basis by considering the age of each outstanding invoice, each customer’s expected ability to pay and collection history, current market conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions to determine whether the allowance is appropriate. Accounts receivable deemed uncollectible are charged against the allowance for credit losses when identified.
The Company recorded $16 million of bad debt expense in the year ended December 31, 2020. Write-off in the year ended December 31, 2020 totaled $5 million. Bad debt expense was not material in the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019.
As of December 31, 2019 and 2020, allowance for credit losses on accounts receivable was $2 million and $13 million, respectively.
Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. The useful lives are as follows:
   Estimated Useful Life
Equipment for merchants  2 years
Computer equipment and software  2 years
Office equipment  5 years
Capitalized software and website development costs  2 years
Leasehold improvements  Shorter of estimated useful life or lease term
Maintenance and repair costs are charged to expense as incurred. Upon disposal of a fixed asset, the Company records a gain or loss based on the difference between the proceeds received and the net book value of the disposed asset. There were no disposals during the year ended December 31, 2018 and disposals were not material for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The Company’s impairment tests are based on a single operating segment and reporting unit structure. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge is recognized for the excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit over its fair value.
The Company conducted its annual goodwill impairment test during the fourth quarter of 2020 and determined that the fair value of the reporting unit significantly exceeded its carrying value. No impairment charge was recorded in any of the periods presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Intangible Assets, Net
Intangible assets are recorded at fair value as of the date of acquisition and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The Company reviews identifiable amortizable intangible assets to be held and used for impairment under the long-lived asset model described under “Impairment of Long-Lived Assets” below.
Capitalized Software and Website Development Costs
The Company incurred costs relating to the development of the Company’s technology platform, which includes Dasher and merchant tools, mobile apps, and website and content development. Software development costs related to software acquired, developed, or modified solely to meet the Company’s internal requirements, with no substantive plans to market such software at the time of development, are capitalized during the application development stage of the project. Costs incurred during the preliminary planning and evaluation stage of the project and during the post implementation operational stage are expensed as incurred. Costs to develop the Company’s technology platform are capitalized when preliminary development efforts are successfully completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used as intended. Costs incurred for enhancements that are expected to result in additional functionality are capitalized and expensed over the estimated useful life of the upgrades on a per project basis.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company evaluates its long-lived assets or asset groups for indicators of possible impairment by comparison of the carrying amount to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by such asset or asset group when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Should an impairment exist, the impairment loss would be measured based on the excess carrying value of the asset or asset group over the asset’s or asset group’s fair value generally determined by estimates of future discounted cash flows. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized an impairment of $11 million related to an operating lease right-of-use asset associated with its former headquarters, which the Company subleased to another company.
Insurance Reserves
The Company utilizes a combination of third-party insurance and self-insurance programs to insure costs including auto liability related to both bodily injury and physical damage, and uninsured and underinsured motorists up to a certain dollar retention limit. The recorded self-insurance reserves reflect the estimated cost for claims incurred but not paid and claims that have been incurred but not yet reported. The estimate of the Company’s self-insured ultimate obligation utilizes actuarial techniques applied to historical claim and loss experience. The Company utilizes assumptions based on actuarial judgment with consideration toward relevant industry claim and loss development factors, which includes the development time frame and settlement patterns, and expected loss rates. To limit exposure to some risks, the Company maintains additional insurance coverage with varying limits and retentions. The Company cannot predict whether this insurance will be adequate to cover all potential hazards incidental to its business. Reserves are periodically reviewed and adjusted as necessary as experience develops or new information becomes known. However, ultimate results may differ from the Company’s estimates, which could result in losses over the Company’s reserved amounts.
Loss Contingencies
The Company is involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations, and proceedings that arise in connection with its business. Certain of these matters include speculative claims for substantial or indeterminate amounts of damages. The Company records a liability in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets when the Company believes that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount or range can be reasonably estimated. The Company discloses material contingencies when it believes that a loss is not probable but reasonably possible. Significant judgment is required to determine both probability and the estimated amount. The Company reviews these provisions on a quarterly basis and adjusts these provisions accordingly to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and updated information.
Sales and Indirect Taxes
The Company records sales and indirect tax liabilities when they become probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Sales and indirect tax liabilities are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consists of foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale marketable securities. The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated from their functional currency, which is typically the local currency, into U.S. dollars. Assets and liabilities are translated at period end rates of exchange, and revenue and expenses are translated using average monthly exchange rates. The resulting gain or loss is included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the consolidated balance sheets.
Available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included as a separate component of stockholders’ deficit within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted to employees and directors using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of stock options is recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is typically four years.
The Black-Scholes model considers several variables and assumptions in estimating the fair value of stock-based awards. These variables include:
 
•per share fair value of the underlying common stock;
•exercise price;
•expected term;
•risk-free interest rate;
•expected stock price volatility over the expected term; and
•expected annual dividend yield.
For all stock options granted, the Company calculated the expected term using the simplified method for “plain vanilla” stock option awards. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues similar in duration to the expected term of the stock-based award. The Company’s common stock is not publicly traded, and therefore, the Company used the historical volatility of the stock price of similar publicly traded peer companies. The Company utilized a dividend yield of zero, as it had no history or plan of declaring dividends on its common stock.
The fair value of RSUs is estimated based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Prior to November 2020, RSUs granted by the Company vest upon the satisfaction of both a service-based vesting condition, which is typically four years, and a liquidity event-related performance vesting condition. The liquidity event-related performance vesting condition was achieved upon the consummation of the Company's IPO, and the Company recorded a cumulative stock-based compensation expense of $279 million as of the IPO date for those RSUs for which the service-based vesting condition has been satisfied. Stock-based compensation related to the remaining service-based period after the liquidity event-related performance vesting condition was satisfied will be recorded over the remaining requisite service period using the accelerated attribution method. Since November 2020, with the exception of the CEO Performance Award (as discussed further in Note 12), the Company only granted RSUs that vest upon the satisfaction of a service-based vesting condition and the compensation expense for these RSUs is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.
For the CEO Performance Award that includes a market condition, the fair value of the award is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The associated stock-based compensation is recorded over the derived service period, using the accelerated attribution method. If the stock price goals are met sooner than the derived service period, the Company will adjust the stock-based compensation expense to reflect the cumulative expense associated with the vested award. Provided that Tony Xu continues to be the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, Stock-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period, regardless of whether the stock price goals are achieved.
Prior to the IPO, the fair value of the shares of common stock underlying the stock options and RSUs has historically been determined by the Company’s board of directors as there is no public market for the underlying common stock. The Company’s board of directors determined the fair value of the Company’s common stock by considering a number of objective and subjective factors including: contemporaneous third-party valuations of its common stock, the valuation of comparable companies, sales of the Company’s common and redeemable convertible preferred stock to outside investors in arms-length transactions (including the IPO), the Company’s operating and financial performance, the lack of marketability, and the general and industry specific economic outlook, amongst other factors. After the completion of the IPO, the fair value of the Company's Class A common stock is determined based on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") closing price on the date of grant.
The Company records forfeitures when they occur for all share-based payment awards.
Provision for Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial statement and income tax basis of existing assets and liabilities. These differences are measured using the enacted statutory tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income for the years in which differences are expected to reverse. The Company recognizes the effect on deferred income taxes of a change in tax rates in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets to the net amount that it believes is more-likely-than-not to be realized. Management considers all available evidence, both positive and negative, including historical levels of income, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future taxable income, and ongoing tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation allowance.
The Company operates in various tax jurisdictions and is subject to audit by tax authorities. The Company recognizes the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more-likely-than-not that the position is sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority, based on the technical merits. The tax benefit recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit which is greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes.
Fair Value
The Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis based on an expected exit price, which represents the amount that would be received on the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly
transaction between market participants. As such, fair value may be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis, whereby inputs used in valuation techniques, are assigned a hierarchical level. The following are the hierarchical levels of inputs to measure fair value:
Level 1Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2Inputs reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities; or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
Level 3Unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s own assumptions incorporated in valuation techniques used to determine fair value. These assumptions are required to be consistent with market participant assumptions that are reasonably available.
The carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, which include cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. The carrying value of the Company’s convertible promissory notes entered into in February 2020, which are recorded at amortized cost, approximates fair value as the stated interest rate approximates market rates for similar loans.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company’s cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, funds held at payment processors, and accounts receivable are potentially subject to concentration of credit risk. Although the Company deposits its cash with multiple financial institutions, the deposits, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. Management believes that the institutions are financially stable and, accordingly, minimal credit risk exists. The Company limits purchases of debt securities to investment-grade securities. The Company has not experienced any significant credit losses historically.
The Company relies on a limited number of third parties to provide payment processing services (“payment processors”) including collecting amounts due from end-users and processing Dasher payouts. Payment processors are financial institutions or credit card companies that the Company believes are of high credit quality. The Company retains the risk of collecting such amounts from the payment processor, which are included in funds held at payment processors for the unsettled portion at each period end. The portion of the payments to be remitted to Dashers and merchants is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities. Although the Company pre-authorizes forms of payment to mitigate its exposure, the Company absorbs all credit card losses.
Accounts receivable, net primarily represents receivables from merchants that were generated through the Company’s Drive offering. As of December 31, 2019, two entities individually accounted for 26% and 11% of accounts receivable, net, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, three entities individually accounted for 20%, 14%, and 10% of accounts receivable, net, respectively. No customer accounted for 10% or more of revenue for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with its Customers. The Company generates a substantial majority of its revenue from orders completed through the DoorDash Marketplace and the related commissions charged to partner merchants and fees charged to consumers. A partner merchant represents a merchant that has entered into a contractual agreement with DoorDash. Revenue from the DoorDash Marketplace is recognized at the point in time when the consumer obtains control of the merchant’s products. The Company also generates revenue from membership fees paid by consumers for DashPass, which is recognized as part of the DoorDash Marketplace. Revenue generated from the Company’s DashPass subscriptions is recognized on a ratable basis over the contractual period, which is generally one month to one year depending on the type of subscription purchased by the consumer. In addition, the Company also generates revenue from its Drive offering by collecting per-order fees from merchants that use its local logistics platform to arrange for delivery services that fulfill demand generated through their own channels. Revenue from Drive is recognized at the point in time when the consumer obtains control of the merchant’s products.
When determining the appropriate accounting for the fees collected in exchange for the use of the Company’s local logistics platform, the Company considered its contractual arrangements with the parties involved as well as its customary business practices. Under the Company’s agreements with partner merchants, the Company agrees to a commission to be earned as a percentage of the total dollar value of goods ordered. When a consumer signs up to use the Company’s local logistics platform, the consumer agrees to be charged certain fees, at the time an order is placed, in exchange for use of the platform. The Company has concluded that a contract exists between the Company and a partner merchant when the partner merchant accepts each consumer’s order, and a contract exists between the Company and a consumer when the consumer places the order and requests delivery services. The duration of a contract is typically equal to the time between when the order is placed and a Dasher picks up the food from the merchant. Contracts including variable consideration with partner merchants were not material for the periods presented.
The Company’s local logistics platform facilitates orders between consumers and partner merchants. Separately, the Company’s platform arranges for consumers to obtain delivery service from Dashers. The Company has determined that the order facilitation service and delivery facilitation service are distinct performance obligations and has therefore considered whether it is a principal or agent separately for each of these items. The order facilitation service and the delivery facilitation service are distinct given that the consumer can benefit from each item separately. Further, the order facilitation service and delivery facilitation service are separately identifiable as the nature of the promises are to transfer the order facilitation service and delivery facilitation service individually, rather than as a combined item.
Principal vs. Agent Considerations
Judgment is required in determining whether the Company is the principal or the agent in transactions with partner merchants, consumers, and Dashers. As it relates to the accounting for order facilitation services and delivery facilitation services, the Company evaluated whether to present revenue on a gross versus net basis based on whether it controls each specified good or service before it is provided to the consumer in DoorDash Marketplace transactions.
With respect to order facilitation services, the Company has determined it is an agent for partner merchants in facilitating the sale of products to the consumer through the DoorDash Marketplace. The consumer accesses the Company’s local logistics platform to identify merchants and places an order for merchants’ products. These orders are picked up from partner merchants and delivered to consumers by Dashers. The Company does not control the products prior to them being transferred to the consumer as it neither has the ability to redirect the products to another consumer nor does it obtain any economic benefit from the products.
With respect to delivery facilitation services, the Company has determined it is acting as an agent for the consumer in facilitating the delivery of products by connecting consumers with Dashers. As the Company’s role with the delivery facilitation service is only to arrange for a delivery opportunity to be offered to prospective Dashers, it does not control how the delivery service is ultimately provided to the consumer.
As the Company is an agent in facilitating the sale of products and delivery services, the Company reports revenue on a net basis, reflecting amounts collected from consumers, less amounts remitted to merchants and Dashers. Dasher payout represents the amounts paid to Dashers for deliveries, including incentives and tips, except for certain referral bonuses. From time to time, Dashers may request an earlier payment settlement in exchange for a reduction in Dasher payout. The amounts payable to merchants and Dashers are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as payments are typically settled on a weekly basis.
The Company recognizes revenue from both partner merchants and consumers for each successfully completed transaction. The Company satisfies its performance obligations to a partner merchant when there is a successful sale of the merchant’s products and meets its performance obligation to a consumer once the Dasher has picked up the products from the merchant for delivery to the consumer.
DoorDash also provides value-add services to merchants. These services are generally considered separate performance obligations and revenue is recognized over the period in which services are provided. Revenue generated from such services is not material in all periods presented.
Gift Cards
The Company sells gift cards to consumers that can be redeemed through its Marketplace. Proceeds from the sale of gift cards are deferred and recorded as contract liabilities until consumers use the card to place orders on its platform. When gift cards are redeemed, revenue is recognized on a net basis as the difference between the amounts collected from consumers less amounts remitted to merchants and Dashers.
Refunds and Credits
From time to time the Company issues credits or refunds to merchants and consumers to ameliorate issues that may arise with orders. The Company accounts for such refunds as variable consideration and therefore records the amount of each refund or credit issued as a reduction of revenue.
Incentive Programs
The Company offers incentives to attract consumers and Dashers to use its local logistics platform. Consumers typically receive credits or discounted delivery fees while Dashers typically receive cash incentives. Each of the incentives are described below:
Consumer Promotions
The Company uses promotions in tandem with sales and marketing spend to attract new consumers to its platform. Promotions offered to consumers are primarily recorded as a reduction of revenue and include the following:
New consumer incentives: The Company records discounts and incentives provided to new consumers as a promotion and reduces revenue on the date that the corresponding revenue transaction is recorded.
Consumer referrals: The Company offers referral credits to its existing consumers for referrals of new consumers. These referral credits are paid in exchange for a distinct marketing service and therefore the portion of these credits that is equal to or less than the fair value of acquiring a new consumer are accounted for as a consumer acquisition cost. These new consumer acquisition costs are expensed as incurred and reflected as sales and marketing expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The portion of these credits in excess of the fair value of acquiring a new consumer is accounted for as a reduction of revenue.
Existing consumer incentives: On occasion, the Company offers promotional discounts to existing consumers. The Company records incentives provided to existing consumers as a promotion and reduces revenue on the date that the corresponding revenue transaction is recorded.
Dasher Incentives and Referrals
The Company offers various incentives to Dashers, which are primarily recorded within Dasher payout and reduce revenue. These are offered in various forms and include:
Peak pay: The Company makes additional payments to Dashers to incentivize them to accept delivery opportunities during peak demand time.
Dasher referrals: The Company offers referral bonuses to referring Dashers, as well as to referred Dashers, once the new Dasher has met certain qualifying conditions. The Company expenses the fair value of payments made to the referring Dashers as incurred in sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of operations, since the marketing of the Company’s platform to acquire new Dashers represents a distinct benefit to the Company. The portion of these referral bonuses in excess of the fair value of payments made to the referring Dashers is accounted for as a reduction of revenue. Payments made to the referred Dashers are recorded within Dasher payout and reduce revenue at the time the corresponding revenue transaction is recorded.
Cost of Revenue, Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization
Cost of revenue primarily consists of (i) order management costs, which include payment processing charges, net of rebates issued from payment processors, costs associated with cancelled orders, costs related to placing orders with non-partner merchants, and insurance expenses, (ii) platform costs, which include costs for onboarding merchants and Dashers, costs for providing support for consumers, merchants, and Dashers, and technology platform infrastructure costs, and (iii) personnel costs, which include personnel-related compensation expenses related to the Company’s local operations, support, and other teams, and allocated overhead. Personnel-related compensation expenses primarily include salary, bonus, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense. Allocated overhead is determined based on an allocation of shared costs, such as facilities (including rent and utilities) and information technology costs, among all departments based on employee headcount. As such, allocated shared costs are reflected in each of the expense categories.
Sales and Marketing
Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of advertising and other ancillary expenses related to merchant, consumer, and Dasher acquisition, including certain consumer referral credits and Dasher referral fees paid to the referrers to the extent they represent fair value of acquiring a new consumer or a new Dasher, brand marketing expenses, personnel-related compensation expenses for sales and marketing employees, and commissions expense including amortization of deferred contract costs, as well as allocated overhead. Advertising expenses were $81 million, $446 million, and $698 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses primarily consist of personnel-related compensation expenses related to data analytics and the design of, product development of, and improvements to the Company’s platform, as well as expenses associated with the licensing of third-party software and allocated overhead.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses primarily consist of legal, tax, and regulatory expenses, which include litigation settlement expenses and sales and indirect taxes, personnel-related compensation expenses related to administrative employees, which include finance and accounting, human resources and legal, chargebacks associated with fraudulent credit card transactions, professional services fees, acquisition-related expenses, and allocated overhead.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expenses primarily consist of depreciation and amortization expenses associated with the Company’s property and equipment and intangible assets. Depreciation includes expenses associated with equipment for merchants, including equipment for merchants under finance leases, computer equipment and software, office equipment, and leasehold improvements. Amortization includes expenses associated with the Company’s capitalized software and website development costs, as well as acquired intangible assets. Depreciation and amortization are excluded from cost of revenue and operating expenses.
Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
The Company computes net loss per common share following the two-class method required for multiple classes of common stock and participating securities. The Company considers its previously outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock to be participating securities. The two-class method requires income (loss) available to common stockholders for the period to be allocated between multiple classes of common stock and participating securities based upon their respective rights to receive dividends as if all income (loss) for the period had been distributed. The holders of the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock would be entitled to dividends in preference to common stockholders, at specified rates, if declared. Such dividends are not cumulative. Any remaining earnings would be distributed among the holders of redeemable convertible preferred stock and common stock pro rata on an as-converted basis. These holders of the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock are not contractually obligated to participate in the Company’s losses. As such, the Company’s net losses for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020 were not allocated to these participating securities. The rights, including the liquidation and dividend rights, of the Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock are substantially identical, other than voting rights. Accordingly, the Class A common stock and Class B common stock shared proportionately in the Company’s net losses. No shares of Class C common stock were issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020. Prior to the completion of the IPO, there were no shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding.
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, less shares subject to repurchase. The diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period. For periods in which the Company reports net losses, diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share, because all potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive. Vested RSUs that have not been settled have been included in the appropriate common share class used to calculate basic net loss per share.
Upon completion of the Company's IPO, all of the Company’s outstanding shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock were automatically converted into 239 million shares of common stock and their carrying amount reclassified into stockholders' (deficit) equity. As of December 31, 2020, there were no shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock issued and outstanding.
Deferred Offering Costs
Deferred offering costs, which consist of direct incremental legal, consulting, accounting, and other fees relating to the anticipated sale of the Company’s common stock in the IPO, are initially capitalized and recorded in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2019, deferred offering costs capitalized was $5 million. After the IPO, all deferred offering costs were reclassified into stockholders' (deficit) equity as a reduction of the IPO proceeds on the consolidated balance sheets.
Leases
The Company applies the guidance in Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASC 842”). The Company adopted ASC 842 on January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective transition method and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Consequently, financial information is not updated and the disclosures required under ASC 842 are not provided for dates and periods before January 1, 2019. The Company elected the package of practical expedients available in the leasing transition guidance, and therefore did not reassess whether existing or expired contracts contain leases, lease classification, or initial direct costs. Additionally, the Company has elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for all of the Company’s leases. The Company also has elected the short-term lease exception for all classes of assets, and therefore does not apply the recognition requirements for leases of 12 months or less. Expense related to short-term leases is recognized either straight-line over the lease term or as incurred depending on whether the lease payments are fixed or variable. Variable lease payments were not material for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020. The Company did not utilize the practical expedient allowing the use of hindsight in determining the lease term and in assessing impairment of its operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets.
The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. A contract is or contains a lease if it conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company’s classes of assets that are leased include real estate leases and equipment leases. Operating leases consist of real estate leases and are included in operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases consist of equipment leases and are included in property and equipment, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.
The Company’s real estate leases are for an initial period between one and 15 years, and typically include renewal options, the election of which is at the option of the Company. The Company includes renewal options in the measurement of lease liabilities only to the extent the option is reasonably certain to be exercised. For leases that provide the option to terminate, the lease term includes periods covered by such options to the extent the Company is reasonably certain not to exercise the option.
The Company subleases certain portions of buildings subject to operating leases. The terms and conditions of the subleases are commensurate with the terms and conditions within the original operating leases. The term of the subleases generally range from four to five years, payments are fixed within the contracts, and there are no residual value guarantees or other restrictions or covenants in the leases.
When the discount rate implicit in the lease cannot be readily determined, the Company uses the applicable incremental borrowing rate at lease commencement in order to discount lease payments to present value for purposes of performing lease classification tests and measuring the lease liability. The incremental borrowing rate represents the rate of interest the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Because the Company does not generally borrow on a collateralized basis, it uses a derived unsecured synthetic credit rating adjusted for collateralization, current available yield curves, and the lease term as inputs to derive an appropriate incremental borrowing rate.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” ("ASU 2016-13"). The new guidance requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized costs. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model which requires the use of forward-looking information to calculate credit loss estimates. It also eliminates the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to certain available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. Effective on December 31, 2020, the Company lost its emerging growth company ("EGC") status which accelerated the requirement of the adoption of ASU 2016-13. As a result, the Company adopted 2016-13 using the modified retrospective approach as of January 1, 2020. The cumulative effect upon adoption was not material to its consolidated financial statement.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes", which eliminates certain exceptions related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The new guidance also simplifies aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. For public business entities, this standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2021 and is not expected to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, "Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40)" which removes separation models for convertible debt with a cash conversion feature and convertible instruments with a beneficial conversion feature. Such convertible debt will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost and convertible preferred stock will be accounted for as a single equity instrument measured at its historical cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. The update also requires the if-converted method to be used for convertible instruments and the effect of potential share settlement be included in the diluted earnings per share calculation when an instrument may be settled in cash or shares. For public business entities, the standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of the update on its consolidated financial statements.
In October 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-10, "Codification Improvements", which improves the Codification by having all disclosure-related guidance available in the Disclosure Sections of the Codification and also contains Codification improvements that vary in nature. For public business entities, this amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The amendments in this Update should be applied retrospectively. The Company does not believe the amendments will have a material impact on the disclosures to its consolidated financial statement.
v3.20.4
Revenue
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Revenue
The following tables present the Company’s revenue disaggregated by offering and by geographical region.
Revenue by offering was as follows (in millions):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
Core business$282 $876 $2,886 
Other revenue9 9 — 
Total revenue$291 $885 $2,886 
Core business is primarily comprised of Marketplace, which includes Pickup and DoorDash for Work, and Drive.
Revenue by geographic area is determined based on the address of the merchant, or in the case of DashPass, the address of the consumer. Revenue by geographic area was as follows (in millions):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
United States$282 $877 $2,875 
International9 8 11 
Total revenue$291 $885 $2,886 
Contract Liabilities
The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to or collections from customers. The Company’s contract liabilities balance, which is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, is primarily comprised of unredeemed gift cards, prepayments received from consumers for DashPass subscriptions, certain consumer credits as well as other transactions for which the revenue is recognized over time. The contract liabilities balance was $13 million and $108 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively, and the increase was primarily driven by increased sales of gift card in the year ended December 31, 2020.
Deferred Contract Costs
Deferred contract costs represent direct and incremental costs incurred to acquire or fulfill the Company’s contracts, consisting of sales commissions and costs related to merchant onboarding, which the Company expects to recover. Deferred contract costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit, which the Company determined by considering historical attrition rates and other factors. Deferred contract costs are recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of deferred contract costs related to sales commissions is recognized in sales and marketing expense and amortization of deferred contract costs related to merchant onboarding is recognized in cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization in the consolidated statements of operations. A summary of activities related to deferred contract costs was as follows (in millions):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
Beginning balance$2 $6 $21 
Capitalization of deferred contract costs5 19 32 
Amortization of deferred contract costs(1)(4)(10)
Ending balance$6 $21 $43 
Deferred contract costs, current$2 $4 $16 
Deferred contract costs, non-current4 17 27 
Total deferred contract costs$6 $21 $43 
v3.20.4
Acquisitions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combinations [Abstract]  
Acquisitions Acquisitions
Caviar Acquisition
On October 31, 2019, the Company acquired Caviar in an effort to help grow its business, advance its strategy of offering consumers differentiated merchant selection, and enable the Company to cater to even more food preferences and occasions. The acquisition has been accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred was $411 million, which consisted of $311 million in cash, including $1 million in seller transaction costs settled at closing, and $100 million of the Company’s Series G redeemable convertible preferred stock. The Company’s acquisition-related costs were $5 million and all costs were recorded as general and administrative expenses on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations during the period in which they were incurred.
The total purchase consideration of the Caviar acquisition was allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired, and liabilities assumed, based upon their respective fair values as of the date of the acquisition. Management determined the fair values based on a number of factors, including a valuation from an independent third-party valuation firm. The excess of the purchase price over the net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is attributable to the assembled workforce and anticipated synergies from the future growth and strategic advantages in the food delivery industry. The goodwill recorded in connection with the acquisition of Caviar is deductible for tax purposes.
The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in millions):
 October 31, 2019
Prepaid expenses and other current assets$4 
Intangible assets106 
Goodwill305 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities(3)
Other liabilities(1)
Total purchase price$411 
The following table sets forth the components of identifiable intangible assets acquired (in millions) and their estimated useful lives as of the date of acquisition (in years):
Estimated
Useful
Life		October 31, 2019
Existing technology1.5$45 
Vendor relationships13.045 
Courier relationships1.51 
Customer relationships3.09 
Trade name and trademarks3.06 
Total acquired intangible assets$106 
Existing technology acquired primarily consists of Caviar’s online and mobile platform for restaurant pickup and delivery orders. The estimated fair value of the existing technology and vendor relationships was determined based on the present value of the expected cash flows to be generated by each existing technology and existing vendor respectively. The Company expects to amortize the fair value of these intangible assets on a straight-line basis over their respective estimated useful lives.
Included within the prepaid expenses and other current assets acquired is an indemnification asset of $3 million, which relates to a corresponding assumed liability of $3 million related to a probable and estimable legal settlement for which Square, Inc. has provided an indemnification to the Company.
The amount of revenue from Caviar included in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $15 million.
The following unaudited pro forma results presents the combined revenue and net loss as if the Caviar acquisition had been completed on January 1, 2018, the beginning of the comparable annual reporting period. The unaudited pro forma information is based on estimates and assumptions which the Company believes are reasonable and primarily reflects adjustments for the pro forma impact of additional amortization related to the fair value of acquired intangible assets and transaction costs. The unaudited pro forma results are presented for informational purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of what the actual results of operations of the combined company would have been if the acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the periods presented, nor are they indicative of future results of operations. The unaudited pro forma results were as follows (in millions):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 20182019
Revenue$361 $971 
Net loss(291)(726)
Other Acquisitions
During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of Scotty Labs, Inc., which was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred was $5 million. The total purchase consideration was allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired, and liabilities assumed, which primarily consisted of $4 million of intangible assets. The identifiable intangible assets acquired consisted entirely of existing technology, which has an estimated remaining useful life of 2 years as of December 31, 2019. Additionally, the Company recorded $1 million of goodwill, which represented the excess of the purchase price over the net assets acquired.
In December 2020, the Company completed the acquisition of all outstanding shares of a technology manufacturing company, which was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. The total purchase consideration was approximately $30 million, of which $3 million was recorded in accrued expenses and other current liabilities. The total purchase consideration was allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired, and liabilities assumed, which primarily consisted of $22 million of intangible assets. The intangible assets acquired consisted entirely of existing technology, which has an estimated remaining useful life of 8 years as of the date of the acquisition. Additionally, the Company recorded $10 million of goodwill, which represented the excess of the purchase price over the net assets acquired.
These acquisitions are not material to the Company for the periods presented and therefore, pro forma information has not been presented.
v3.20.4
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the periods presented were as follows (in millions):
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2018$— 
Acquisitions306 
Balance as of December 31, 2019306 
Acquisitions10 
Balance as of December 31, 2020$316 
There was no goodwill impairment during the periods presented. See Note 4 for further details of goodwill recorded.
Intangible assets, net consisted of the following as of December 31, 2019 (in millions):
Weighted-average
Remaining Useful
Life (in years)		Gross Carrying
Value		Accumulated
Amortization		Net Carrying
Value
Existing technology1.4$49 $(6)$43 
Vendor relationships12.845 (1)44 
Courier relationships1.31 — 1 
Customer relationships2.89 — 9 
Trade name and trademarks2.86 — 6 
Balance as of December 31, 2019
$110 $(7)$103 
Intangible assets, net consisted of the following as of year ended December 31, 2020 (in millions):
Weighted-average
Remaining Useful
Life (in years)		Gross Carrying
Value		Accumulated
Amortization		Net Carrying
Value
Existing technology7.6$71 $(48)$23 
Vendor relationships11.845 (4)41 
Courier relationships0.31 (1)— 
Customer relationships1.89 (3)6 
Trade name and trademarks1.86 (2)4 
Balance as of December 31, 2020$132 $(58)$74 
As a result of the Company’s progress of integrating Caviar into its existing technology platform, the Company evaluated the remaining useful life of existing technology in February 2020 and determined there was a change in the estimated useful life of this asset that would require an acceleration of the amortization expense. The useful life of Caviar existing technology was reduced to 0.7 years at the time of the change in estimate, resulting in additional amortization expense of $15 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Amortization expense associated with intangible assets was zero, $7 million, and $51 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2019 and 2020, respectively.
The estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 was as follows (in millions):
Year Ending December 31,
Amortization
Expense
2021$13 
202210 
20236 
20246 
20256 
Thereafter33 
Total estimated future amortization expense$74 
v3.20.4
Fair Value Measurements
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
The following tables set forth the Company’s financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy (in millions):
 December 31, 2019
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Cash equivalents
Corporate bonds$— $2 $— $2 
Short-term marketable securities
Commercial paper— 8 — 8 
Corporate bonds— 110 — 110 
U.S. government agency securities— 43 — 43 
U.S. Treasury securities— 347 — 347 
Total$— $510 $— $510 
 December 31, 2020
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Cash equivalents
U.S. Treasury securities$— $3 $— $3 
Short-term marketable securities
Commercial paper— 76 — 76 
Corporate bonds— 51 — 51 
U.S. government agency securities— 23 — 23 
U.S. Treasury securities— 364 — 364 
Total$— $517 $— $517 
The fair value of the Company’s Level 1 financial instruments is based on quoted market prices for identical instruments in active markets. The fair value of the Company’s Level 2 fixed income securities is obtained from an independent pricing service, which may use quoted market prices for identical or comparable instruments in less active markets or model driven valuations using observable market data or inputs corroborated by observable market data. The forward contract that was entered into and settled during the year ended December 31, 2019 was a Level 3 financial instrument. See Note 11 for more information regarding the forward contract.
There were no Level 3 assets or liabilities as of December 31, 2019 and 2020.
v3.20.4
Balance Sheet Components
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Balance Sheet Related Disclosures [Abstract]  
Balance Sheet Components Balance Sheet Components
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
The following tables summarize the cost or amortized cost, gross unrealized gain, gross unrealized loss, and fair value of the Company’s cash equivalents and marketable securities (in millions):
 December 31, 2019
 Cost or
Amortized
Cost		UnrealizedEstimated
Fair
Value
 GainsLosses
Cash equivalents
Corporate bonds$1 $1 $— $2 
Short-term marketable securities
Commercial paper8 — — 8 
Corporate bonds110 — — 110 
U.S. government agency securities43 — — 43 
U.S. Treasury securities347 — — 347 
Total$509 $1 $— $510 
 December 31, 2020
 Cost or
Amortized
Cost		UnrealizedEstimated
Fair
Value
 GainsLosses
Cash equivalents
U.S. Treasury securities$3 $— $— $3 
Short-term marketable securities
Commercial paper76 — — 76 
Corporate bonds51 — — 51 
U.S. government agency securities23 — — 23 
U.S. Treasury securities364 — — 364 
Total$517 $— $— $517 
No individual security incurred continuous unrealized losses for greater than twelve months as of December 31, 2019 and 2020.
Property and Equipment, net
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in millions):
December 31, 2019December 31, 2020
Equipment for merchants$55 $111 
Computer equipment and software12 22 
Capitalized software and website development costs25 86 
Leasehold improvements31 57 
Office equipment7 11 
Construction in progress10 27 
Total140 314 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(39)(104)
Property and equipment, net$101 $210 
Included within equipment for merchants was $4 million of assets under finance leases, which was fully amortized as of December 31, 2019. No new finance leases were entered during the year ended December 31, 2020. Depreciation expense on finance leases was not material in the periods presented.
Depreciation expenses were $6 million, $20 million, and $52 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively.
The Company capitalized $4 million, $15 million, and $61 million in capitalized software and website development costs during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. Capitalized software and website development costs are included in property and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of capitalized software and website development costs was $3 million, $5 million, and $17 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. Construction in progress primarily included leasehold improvements on premises that are not ready for use and equipment for merchants that are not placed in service.
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in millions):
December 31, 2019December 31, 2020
Litigation reserves$99 $178 
Sales tax payable and accrued sales and indirect taxes51 149 
Accrued operations related expenses40 139 
Accrued advertising24 62 
Dasher and merchant payable27 110 
Credits issued to consumers14 28 
Insurance reserves15 55 
Contract liabilities13 108 
Other62 114 
Total$345 $943 
v3.20.4
Leases
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases
The Company leases its facilities under non-cancelable lease agreements which expire between 2021 and 2035. Certain of these arrangements have free rent, escalating rent payment provisions, lease renewal options, and tenant allowances. Under such arrangements, the Company recognizes a ROU asset and lease liability on the consolidated balance sheets. Rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the non-cancelable lease term. The Company also leased equipment for merchants under finance lease agreements and such assets were recorded within property and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets. Most of the Company’s leases are operating leases, and activities related to finance leases were not material for the periods presented.
Rent expense, net of sublease income, was $10 million, $29 million, and $46 million during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively.
In June 2019, the Company subleased its previous headquarters office space to another company (the “Sublessee”). The sublease required Sublessee to pay 100% of any rent and other related expenses due and payable under the existing lease with the landlord (the “Head Lease”), however the Company was not relieved from its legal obligation to the landlord under the Head Lease. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2019, an operating lease liability and an operating lease ROU asset was reflected on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets related to the Head Lease. Prior to April 2020, all payments due and payable by Sublessee were made timely.
In early April 2020, as a result of a disruption to Sublessee’s business due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Sublessee informed the Company that it would not be making any future monthly rent payments. Accordingly, the Company ceased recognizing sublease income beginning in April 2020, and further determined that an impairment existed and recognized an impairment charge of $11 million during the year ended December 31, 2020, reducing the carrying value of the ROU asset to its estimated fair value. Fair value of the ROU asset was estimated using an income-approach based on forecasted future cash flows expected to be derived from the property based on current sublease market rent. As of December 31, 2020, the Company was continuing its efforts to obtain a subtenant for this space.
The components of lease costs related to the Company’s operating leases included in the consolidated statements of operations for the periods presented were as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
20192020
Operating lease cost$22 $40 
Short-term lease cost10 11 
Sublease income(3)(5)
Total lease cost$29 $46 
Lease terms and discount rates for operating leases were as follows:
December 31, 2019December 31, 2020
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)10.210.7
Weighted-average discount rate7.12%8.06%
Supplemental cash flow and non-cash information was as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
20192020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows for operating leases$12 $32 
Financing cash flows for finance leases$1 $— 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities
Operating leases$137 $69 
As of December 31, 2019 and 2020, the Company had entered into long term non-cancelable real estate lease contracts of $246 million and $120 million, respectively, for which leases have not yet commenced. Such leases are not included in the operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
As of December 31, 2020, the future minimum lease payments required under operating leases were as follows (in millions):
Year Ending December 31,Amount
2021$36 
202246 
202346 
202444 
202542 
Thereafter319 
Total future minimum lease payments533 
Less: Lease not commenced(120)
Less: Imputed interest(145)
Less: Tenant improvement receivable(15)
Present value of future minimum lease payments$253 
Future minimum sublease income as of December 31, 2020 is not material.
v3.20.4
Promissory Notes
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Promissory Notes Promissory Notes
2017 Convertible Promissory Notes
In September and December 2017, the Company entered into Note Purchase Agreements pursuant to which the Company issued convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal amount of $60 million (the “Notes”) to two existing investors and one new investor. The Notes accrued interest at the rate of 1.29% per annum. The Notes could be redeemed or converted into redeemable convertible preferred stock upon either, (i) a change in control, or (ii) an equity financing of at least $50 million. The Notes could also be accelerated upon the occurrence of a customary event of default. In 2018, the Company issued Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock, thereby satisfying the Notes’ conversion condition. As a result, the outstanding principal and accrued interest of $60 million converted into a total of 11,752,210 shares of Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock, which were converted into Class A common stock upon the Company's IPO.
Promissory Note Issued to Not-for-Profit Organization
In October 2019, the Company entered into a $30 million promissory note (the “Promissory Note”) with a third-party not-for-profit organization to support a 2020 ballot initiative in California. The Promissory Note does not bear interest, and the Company has rights to demand repayment to the extent such funds have not been spent by the not-for-profit organization. The Promissory Note, less any amounts spent, is payable to the Company upon the earlier of (i) the Company demanding a repayment or (ii) by December 31, 2020. The Company initially recorded the Promissory Note as a prepaid expense and other current asset on the consolidated balance sheet and the Company’s portion of amounts spent by the not-for-profit organization are recorded as general and administrative expenses as the funds are spent. As of December 31, 2019, the carrying value of the Promissory Note was $29 million, and was recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2020, the carrying value of the Promissory Note was zero as it was spent in full. During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, the Company recorded $1 million and $29 million, respectively, in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
2020 Convertible Promissory Notes
In February 2020, the Company issued convertible notes for an aggregate principal amount of $340 million with an initial maturity date in March 2025 (the “2020 Notes”). The Company received net proceeds of $333 million, net of $2 million in debt issuance costs, reflecting an original issue discount on the principal of $5 million. The interest rate is 10.00% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears. At the election of the Company, interest is to be paid in cash or by increasing the principal amount of the 2020 Notes by payment-in-kind. The 2020 Notes will be automatically converted upon the later of (i) the one-year anniversary of the issuance date of the 2020 Notes and (ii) the trading day that is the tenth trading day immediately following the date of a Qualified Public Company Event ((i) and (ii), in either case, the “initial conversion date”). A Qualified Public Company Event for purposes of the 2020 Notes means any transaction, including a direct listing or an initial public offering, that (a) results in the Company’s common stock being registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and listed on the NYSE, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, or the Nasdaq Global Market and (b) in connection with a firm commitment underwritten initial public offering with net proceeds of at least $100 million. If, following a Qualified Public Company Event, the conversion reference price for the 2020 Notes implies a market capitalization for the Company that is less than $10 billion, the 2020 Notes will automatically convert into a new non-convertible note bearing identical terms to the 2020 Notes (other than with respect to conversion), which is prepayable without penalty at the Company’s option at any time. For purposes of the 2020 Notes, the “conversion reference price” means the arithmetic average of the daily volume-weighted average price of the Company’s common stock for the ten trading days immediately prior to the initial conversion date. If, following a Qualified Public Company Event, the conversion reference price for the 2020 Notes implies a market capitalization for the Company greater than $10 billion, the 2020 Notes will automatically convert into shares of the Company’s common stock over a 40-trading day period based on the daily volume-weighted average price per share of the Company’s common stock during such period; provided, the Company may, in its sole discretion, elect to deliver cash in lieu of shares of common stock in connection with such conversion.
As of December 31, 2020, the 2020 Notes had a carrying value of $364 million on the consolidated balance sheets, consisting of the unpaid principal balance of $340 million, plus unpaid accrued payment-in-kind interest of $30 million, net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $1 million and unamortized original issue discount of $5 million. The Company amortizes the debt issuance costs and the original issue discount over the period until the initial maturity date of the 2020 Notes. Amortization of debt issuance costs and the original issue discount were not material for the year ended December 31, 2020.
v3.20.4
Commitments and Contingencies
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, the Company may be a party to litigation and subject to claims incidental to its business. Although the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company currently believes that the final outcome of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on its business. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on the Company because of judgment, defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources, and other factors. At each reporting period, the Company evaluates whether or not a potential loss amount or a potential range of loss is probable and reasonably estimable, requiring recognition of a loss accrual, or whether the potential loss is reasonably possible, requiring potential disclosure. Legal fees are expensed as incurred.
The Company has been and continues to be involved in numerous legal proceedings related to Dasher classification, and such proceedings have increased in volume since the California Supreme Court’s 2018 ruling in Dynamex Operations West, Inc. v. Superior Court (“Dynamex”). The California Legislature passed legislation (“AB 5”), that was signed into law in September 2019 and became effective on January 1, 2020. AB 5 codified the Dynamex standard regarding contractor classification, expanded its application and created numerous carve-outs, which may have an adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations, and may lead to increased legal proceedings and related expenses and may require the Company to significantly alter its existing business model and operations. Further, an increasing number of jurisdictions are considering implementing standards similar to the test set forth in Dynamex to determine worker classification.
On November 19, 2019, the District of Columbia filed an action in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia alleging violations of the District of Columbia’s Consumer Protection Procedures Act with respect to the Company’s Dasher pay model that was in effect from approximately September 2017 through September 2019. On November 24, 2020, the Company agreed to a Consent Order and Judgment that resolved the matter with the Company paying $3 million. The Consent Order and Judgment was signed by the Court on November 30, 2020. The Company recorded a $3 million expense in the consolidated statements of operations within general and administrative expense during the year ended December 31, 2020 for this case.
The Company is currently the subject of regulatory and administrative investigations, audits, and inquiries conducted by federal, state, or local governmental agencies concerning the Company’s business practices, the classification and compensation of delivery providers, the Dasher pay model, and other matters.
In October 2019, the Company made an offer, and in December 2019 it filed a settlement agreement, of $40 million with the representatives of Dashers that had filed actions in the States of California and Massachusetts in order to settle claims under the Private Attorney General Act and class action claims alleging worker misclassification of Dashers against the Company. These actions were filed by and on behalf of Massachusetts Dashers that utilized the DoorDash platform since September 2014 and California Dashers that utilized the DoorDash platform since August 2016. On June 8, 2020, the Company entered into an amended settlement agreement to increase the total amount to be paid by the Company from $40 million to $41 million. In October 2020, the Company entered into an amended settlement agreement to increase the total amount to be paid by the Company from $41 million to $89 million.
In March 2020, the Company reached an agreement to resolve worker misclassification claims associated with certain Dashers and Caviar delivery providers who have entered into arbitration agreements with the Company. Under the agreement, certain Dashers and Caviar delivery providers are eligible for settlement payments, subject to a threshold number of the covered individuals entering into individual settlement agreements. The Company anticipates that the aggregate amount of payments to Dashers and Caviar delivery providers under these individual settlement agreements, including attorneys’ fees, will be approximately $70 million. In July 2020, the Company transferred $69 million into an escrow account, the settlement amount will be released and paid to claimants and claimants’ attorneys if a minimum number of claimants agree to release their claims against the Company by the date specified within the settlement agreement. In December 2020, the number of claimants who agreed to release their claims against the Company exceeded the minimum and the Company is committed to release the settlement amount in the escrow account to claimants and claimants' attorneys in the first quarter of 2021. As of December 31, 2020, the settlement amount was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
In July and August 2020, the Company reached additional agreements to resolve worker misclassification claims associated with certain Dashers and Caviar delivery providers who have entered into arbitration agreements with the Company. Under these agreements, certain Dashers and Caviar delivery providers are eligible for settlement payments, subject to a threshold number of the covered individuals entering into individual settlement agreements. The Company
anticipates that the aggregate amount of payments to Dashers and Caviar delivery providers under these individual settlement agreements, including attorneys’ fees, will be approximately $16 million.
The Company recorded the impact of these worker misclassification settlements in the respective period in which the claims relate, resulting in general and administrative expense of $11 million, $68 million, and $83 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively.
In June 2020, the San Francisco District Attorney filed an action in the Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco, alleging that the Company misclassified Dashers as independent contractors as opposed to employees in violation of the California Labor Code and the California Unfair Competition Law, among other allegations. This action is seeking both restitutionary damages and a permanent injunction that would bar the Company from continuing to classify Dashers as independent contractors. In August 2020, the San Francisco District Attorney filed a motion for preliminary injunction that would bar the Company from continuing to classify Dashers in California as independent contractors during the pendency of this case. In December 2020, the San Francisco District Attorney withdrew its request for preliminary injunction. It is a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred; however, the possible range of losses is not estimable given the status of the case.
Indemnification
The Company enters into standard indemnification arrangements in the ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these arrangements, the Company indemnifies, holds harmless, and agrees to reimburse the indemnified parties for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, in connection with any trade secret, copyright, patent, or other intellectual property infringement claim by any third-party with respect to its technology. The terms of these indemnification agreements are generally perpetual any time after the execution of the agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these agreements is not determinable because it involves claims that may be made against the Company in the future, but have not yet been made. The Company has not incurred costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements.
The Company has entered into or will enter into indemnification agreements with its directors and officers that may require the Company to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors or officers, other than liabilities arising from willful misconduct of the individual.
No liability associated with such indemnifications was recorded as of December 31, 2019 and 2020.
Non-cancelable Purchase Commitments
The Company has non-cancelable purchase commitments, which primarily relate to the purchase of onboarding, data processing, technology platform infrastructure, and advertising services. These purchase commitments are not recorded as liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2019 and 2020 as the Company has not yet received the related services. As of December 31, 2020, the future minimum payments under the Company’s non-cancelable purchase commitments were as follows (in millions):
Year Ending December 31,
Amount
2021$119 
2022112 
2023104 
202479 
20252 
Total future minimum payments$416 
Bank Commitments and Letters of Credit
In October 2019, the Company entered into letters of credit, established primarily for real estate leases and insurance policies. The reimbursement obligations under these letters of credit are secured by cash held in restricted depository accounts. As of December 31, 2019 the Company had $30 million of letters of credit outstanding. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company terminated these letters of credit.
Additionally, in November 2019, the Company entered into a revolving credit and guaranty agreement which provides for a $300 million unsecured revolving credit facility maturing on November 19, 2024. Loans under the credit facility bear interest, at the Company’s option, at (i) a base rate equal to the highest of (A) the prime rate, (B) the higher of the federal
funds rate or a composite overnight bank borrowing rate plus 0.50%, or (C) an adjusted LIBOR rate for a one-month interest period plus 1.00%, or (ii) an adjusted LIBOR rate plus a margin equal to 1.00%. The Company is also obligated to pay other customary fees for a credit facility of this size and type, including letter of credit fees, an upfront fee, and an unused commitment fee of 0.10%. The credit agreement contains customary affirmative covenants, such as financial statement reporting requirements and restrictions on the use of proceeds, as well as customary negative covenants that restrict its ability and its subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, incur liens, declare cash dividends in the entirety or make certain other distributions, merge or consolidate with other companies or sell substantially all of its assets, make investments, loans and acquisitions, and engage in transactions with affiliates.
In August 2020, the Company amended and restated its existing revolving credit and guaranty agreement to provide for $100 million of incremental revolving loan commitments, effective upon consummation of an IPO of the Company’s common stock on or prior to August 7, 2021, for total revolving commitments of $400 million. The amendment and restatement also extended the maturity date for the revolving credit facility from November 19, 2024 to August 7, 2025.
As of December 31, 2019 and 2020, the Company was in compliance with the covenants under the credit agreement. As of December 31, 2019, there were no amounts drawn related to this agreement. As of December 31, 2020, no amounts were drawn and the Company had $44 million of issued letters of credit outstanding from the revolving credit and guaranty agreement.
v3.20.4
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Temporary Equity Disclosure [Abstract]  
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
In June 2020, the Company entered into a Series H redeemable convertible preferred stock purchase agreement pursuant to which it issued a total of 8,321,395 shares of Series H redeemable convertible preferred stock at $45.9062 per share for gross proceeds of $382 million. The preferred stock issuance costs were not material.
The Company previously issued Series A-1, Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E, Series F, and Series G prior to 2020. Immediately prior to the completion of the IPO on December 9, 2020, all outstanding shares of the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock converted into an aggregate of 239,269,631 shares of Class A common stock.
The following table summarizes the redeemable convertible preferred stock outstanding immediately prior to the conversion into common stock, and the rights and preferences of the Company’s respective series preceding the Company’s IPO in December 2020 (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, and per share data):

SeriesShares
Authorized		Shares
Issued and
Outstanding		Issuance PricePer Share
Conversion
Price		Aggregate
Liquidation
Preference		Carrying
Value
Series A-113,330 13,330 $0.15 $0.15 $2 $7 
Series A27,159 27,159 0.73 0.73 20 20 
Series B7,925 7,925 5.68 5.48 45 45 
Series C26,839 26,839 4.79 4.79 128 128 
Series D98,008 98,008 5.51 
(1)
5.51 540 535 
Series E18,055 18,055 13.85 13.85 250 250 
Series F18,186 18,186 22.48 22.48 409 476 
Series G21,165 21,165 37.94 37.94 803 803 
Series H9,351 8,316 45.91 45.91 382 382 
Total240,018 238,983 $2,579 $2,646 

(1) The issuance price for Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock was $5.50688, except for shares issued via the conversion of certain of the outstanding convertible promissory notes issued in 2017, for which the conversion price was $4.78778 per share.
Forward Contract In Connection with Issuance of Series F Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
In February 2019, the Company issued a total of 13,736,615 shares of Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock at $22.4751 per share for gross proceeds of $309 million. To accommodate the timing of regulatory approvals required by an existing investor (who did not participate in the initial issuance of Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock), the Company committed to sell 4,449,370 shares of Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock at $22.4751 per share for gross proceeds of $100 million to this investor in a subsequent closing, which ultimately occurred in May 2019. The preferred stock issuance costs were not material. At the date of the initial closing, the Company determined that the
commitment to defer the sale of shares of Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock to this investor represented a freestanding instrument that should be classified as a liability and measured at fair value on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value recognized in other expense, net in the consolidated statements of operations. The initial measurement of the liability at its fair value of $1 million was recorded with a corresponding reduction recognized in additional paid-in capital as a deemed dividend distributed to the investor. Immediately prior to the subsequent closing in May 2019, the fair value of the liability was determined to be $68 million, resulting in an expense of $67 million recorded to other (expense) income, net in the consolidated statements of operations which was attributable to the increase in the fair value of Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock. Upon the subsequent closing, the carrying amount of the liability was reclassified to mezzanine equity.
The fair value of the liability (valued as a forward contract) at issuance and as of subsequent closing was determined with the following assumptions:
As of
February 22,
2019		As of
May 14,
2019
Current forward price per share$22.48 $37.76 
Contractual forward price per share$22.48 $22.48 
Risk-free rate2.46 %2.41 %
Expected years until subsequent closing0.23— 
Present value of contractual forward price per share$22.35 $22.48 
Value of the forward contract per share$0.13 $15.28 
Number of preferred shares issued in the subsequent closing4,449,370 4,449,370 
Fair value of forward contract liability (in millions)
$1 $68 
As of December 31, 2020, there was no preferred stock issued and outstanding.
v3.20.4
Common Stock
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Equity [Abstract]  
Common Stock Common Stock
Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance
The following table summarizes the Company’s shares of common stock reserved for future issuance on an as-converted basis (in thousands):
December 31, 2019December 31, 2020
Conversion of outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock230,953 — 
Stock options issued and outstanding under the 2014 Plan36,247 33,802 
RSUs outstanding under the 2014 and 2020 Plan15,924 34,939 
Remaining shares available for future issuance10,478 32,210 
Shares available for issuance under the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan— 6,499 
Total293,602 107,450 
2014 Equity Incentive Plan
In March 2014, the Company adopted the 2014 Stock Option Plan, as amended, or the 2014 Plan, which provided for the granting of stock options to employees, consultants, and advisors of the Company. Options granted under the 2014 Plan are either incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options. Options under the 2014 Plan were granted for a term of up to ten years (or five years if the option was an incentive stock option granted to a greater than 10% stockholder) and at prices no less than 100% of the estimated fair value of the shares on the date of grant as determined by the Company’s board of directors; provided, however, that the exercise price of an incentive stock option granted to a greater than 10% stockholder could not be less than 110% of the estimated fair value of the shares on the date of grant. Options granted generally vest over four years.
The 2014 Plan allowed for the early exercise of options. Under the terms of the 2014 Plan, option holders, upon early exercise, were required to sign a restricted stock purchase agreement that gave the Company the right to repurchase any unvested shares, at the original exercise price, in the event the grantees’ employment terminated for any reason. The repurchase right lapses over time as the shares vest at the same rate as the original option vesting schedule. Stock-based
awards forfeited, cancelled, or repurchased generally were returned to the pool of shares of common stock available for issuance.
In connection with the IPO, the 2014 Plan was terminated effective immediately prior to the effectiveness of the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan ("2020 Plan") and the Company ceased granting any additional awards under the 2014 Plan. All outstanding awards under the 2014 Plan at the time of the termination of the 2014 Plan remain subject to the terms of the 2014 Plan, and any shares underlying stock options that expire or terminate or are forfeited or repurchased by the Company under the 2014 Plan were automatically transferred to the 2020 Plan.
2020 Equity Incentive Plan
In November 2020, the Company's board of directors adopted, and the Company's stockholders approved, the 2020 Plan, which became effective one business day prior to the effective date of the IPO Registration Statement. The 2020 Plan provides for the granting of nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock, RSUs, stock appreciation rights, performance units, and performance shares for the Company's Class A common stock to the Company's employees, directors, and consultants. Stock-based awards under the 2020 Plan that expire or are forfeited, canceled, or repurchased generally are returned to the pool of shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under the 2020 Plan. In addition, the number of shares of the Company's Class A common stock reserved for issuance under the 2020 Plan will automatically increase on January 1 of each calendar year, starting on January 1, 2021 in an amount equal to the least of (i) 32,493,000 shares, (ii) five percent (5%) of the total number of all classes of common stock outstanding on December 31 of the fiscal year before the date of each automatic increase, or (iii) such other number of shares determined by the Company's board of directors prior to the applicable January 1.
The exercise price of the options granted under the 2020 Plan will at least be equal to the fair market value of our Class A common stock on the date of grant. The options may be granted for a term of up to ten years (or five years if the option is an incentive stock option granted to a greater than 10% stockholder) and at prices no less than 100% of the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant, provided, however, that the exercise price of an incentive stock option granted to a greater than 10% stockholder shall not be less than 110% of the estimated fair value of the shares on the date of grant. Options granted under the 2020 Plan generally vest over four years.
RSUs
Prior to November 2020, the Company granted RSUs that vest only upon the satisfaction of both service-based and liquidity event-related performance vesting conditions. The service-based vesting condition for these awards generally is satisfied over four years. The liquidity event-related performance vesting condition was satisfied upon the effectiveness of the IPO Registration Statement. The liquidity event-related performance vesting condition was achieved upon the effectiveness of the Company’s IPO, resulting in the Company recording cumulative stock-based compensation expense of $279 million for those RSUs for which the service-based vesting condition has been satisfied. Stock-based compensation related to the remaining service-based period after the liquidity event-related performance vesting condition was satisfied will be recorded over the remaining requisite service period. Since November 2020, with the exception of the CEO Performance Award discussed below, the Company granted RSUs that vest only upon the satisfaction of a service-based vesting condition which is generally four years.
CEO Performance Award
In November 2020, the Company’s board of directors approved the grant of 10,379,000 RSUs to the CEO (the “CEO Performance Award”). The CEO Performance Award vests upon the satisfaction of a service condition and achievement of certain stock price goals. The CEO Performance Award is excluded from Class A common stock issued and outstanding until the satisfaction of these vesting conditions. The CEO Performance Award also provides the holder with certain stockholder rights, such as the right to vote the shares with the other holders of Class A common stock and a right to cumulative declared dividends. However, the CEO Performance Award is not considered a participating security for purposes of calculating net loss per share attributable to common stockholders as the right to the cumulative declared dividends is forfeitable if the service condition is not met.
The CEO Performance Award is eligible to vest beginning on the first trading day 18 months following the day Company’s IPO date, and expiring seven years after the IPO date. The CEO Performance Award comprises nine tranches that are eligible to vest based on the achievement of stock price goals, ranging from $187.60 to $501.00 per share, each of which are referred to as a Company Stock Price Target, measured over a consecutive 180-day trading period during the performance period as set forth below. This measurement period was designed to reward the CEO only if the Company achieved sustained growth in the stock price.
Company Stock 
Price Target		Number of RSUs
Eligible to Vest
1$187.60518,950
2$226.80518,950
3$265.801,037,900
4$305.001,037,900
5$344.001,037,900
6$383.001,556,850
7$422.201,556,850
8$461.201,556,850
9$501.001,556,850
The Company calculated the grant date fair value of the CEO Performance Award based on multiple stock price paths developed through the use of a Monte Carlo simulation model. A Monte Carlo simulation model also calculates a derived service period for each of the nine vesting tranches, which is the measure of the expected time to achieve each Company Stock Price Target. A Monte Carlo simulation model requires the use of various assumptions, including the underlying stock price, volatility, and the risk-free interest rate as of the valuation date, corresponding to the length of time remaining in the performance period, and expected dividend yield. The weighted-average grant date fair value of the CEO Performance Award was $39.8275 per share. The Company will recognize total stock-based compensation expense of $413 million over the derived service period of each tranche, which is between 2.53 to 4.42 years, using the accelerated attribution method as long as the CEO satisfies the service-based vesting condition. If the Company Stock Price Targets are met sooner than the derived service period, the Company will adjust its stock-based compensation to reflect the cumulative expense associated with the vested awards. Provided that Tony Xu continues to be the Company's CEO, the Company will recognize stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period, regardless of whether the Company Stock Price Targets are achieved.
The Company recorded $12 million of stock-based compensation expense related to the CEO Performance Award during the year ended December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2020, unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to the CEO Performance Award was $401 million.
Stock Award Activities
A summary of activity under the 2014 and 2020 Plan and related information was as follows (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, and per share data):
Options Outstanding
Shares
Available
for Grant		Shares
subject to
Options
Outstanding		Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price		Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(in years)		Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Balance as of December 31, 201910,478 36,247 $2.38 6.92$1,070 
Shares authorized40,493 — 
Options granted— — $— 
Options exercised— (2,191)$1.90 129 
Options forfeited254 (254)$1.94 
RSUs granted(20,126)— 
RSUs forfeited1,046 — 
Shares withheld related to net share settlement, returned to the 2020 Plan65 
Balance as of December 31, 202032,210 33,802 $2.42 5.92$4,744 
Exercisable as of December 31, 202028,291 $1.95 5.61$3,983 
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 202033,802 $2.42 5.92$4,744 
The aggregate intrinsic value disclosed in the above table is based on the difference between the exercise price of the stock option and the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock as of the respective period-end dates. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020 was $24 million, $47 million, and $129 million, respectively. The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options granted
during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019 was $2.74 and $11.78 per share, respectively. There were no stock options granted during the year ended December 31, 2020.
The summary of RSU activity was as follows (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, and per share data):
Number of
Shares		Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value		Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Unvested units as of December 31, 201915,924 $508 
Granted20,126 $56.27 
Vested(6,573)$17.40 
Vested and settled(65)$10.68 
Forfeited(1,046)$29.14 
Unvested units as of December 31, 202028,366 $4,049 
The aggregate intrinsic value disclosed in the above table is based on the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock, or after the IPO, based on the closing price on the NYSE, as of the respective period-end dates. The weighted-average fair value per share of RSUs granted during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020 was $7.86, $27.31, and $56.27, respectively. No RSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019.
Early Exercise of Unvested Stock Options
Shares purchased by employees pursuant to the early exercise of stock options are not deemed, for accounting purposes, to be outstanding shares until those shares vest according to their respective vesting schedules. Cash received from employee exercises of unvested options is treated as a refundable deposit included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Amounts recorded are reclassified to common stock and additional paid-in capital as the shares vest. As of December 31, 2019 and 2020, there were no unvested shares related to early option exercises.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted for the periods presented were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
201820192020
Expected volatility
54.10% - 57.64%
53.73% - 53.85%
—
Risk-free rate
2.49% - 3.08%
2.35% - 2.36%
—
Dividend yield———
Expected term (in years)
5.00 - 6.10
5.91 - 6.03
—
There were no stock options granted during the year ended December 31, 2020.
The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of operations as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
201820192020
Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization$3 $2 $31 
Sales and marketing3 2 37 
Research and development11 8 171 
General and administrative7 6 83 
Total stock-based compensation expense$24 $18 $322 
As of December 31, 2020, there was $20 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.31 years.
As of December 31, 2020, there was $710 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested RSUs, excluding the unrecognized stock-based compensation expense associated with the CEO Performance
Award granted in November 2020. The Company expects to recognize this expense over the remaining weighted-average period of 2.91 years.
2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Company's board of directors adopted, and the Company's stockholders approved, the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("the ESPP"), which became effective on the business day immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement on Form S-1 related to the IPO. A total of 6,498,600 shares of Class A common stock were initially reserved for sale under the ESPP. The number of shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under the ESPP will be increased on the first day of each fiscal year beginning with the fiscal year following the fiscal year in which the first enrollment date (if any) occurs equal to the least of (i) 6,498,600 shares of Class A common stock, (ii) one and one-half percent (1.5%) of the outstanding shares of all classes of common stock on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, or (iii) an amount determined by the administrator of the ESPP.
The ESPP includes two components: a component that allows the Company to make offerings intended to qualify under Section 423 of the Code and a component that allows the Company to make offerings not intended to qualify under Section 423 of the Code to designated companies. Subject to any limitations contained therein, the ESPP allows eligible employees to contribute (in the form of payroll deductions or otherwise to the extent permitted by the administrator) an amount established by the administrator from time to time in its discretion to purchase Class A common stock at a discounted price per share.
As of December 31, 2020, there had been no offering period or purchase period under the ESPP, and no such period will begin unless and until determined by the administrator
v3.20.4
Tender Offer and Stock Repurchases
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Equity [Abstract]  
Tender Offer and Stock Repurchases Tender Offer and Stock Repurchases
In September 2018, the Company was authorized to repurchase up to an aggregate of $100 million in shares of preferred and common stock for $9.60 per share for redeemable convertible preferred stock and $8.40 per share for common stock from certain holders. The tender offer transaction was completed in October 2018 and an aggregate of 189,685 shares of Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock, 107,600 shares of Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock, and 7,014,335 shares of common stock were repurchased by the Company for a total consideration of $62 million.
The purchase price in excess of the carrying value of repurchased Series A and A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock of $3 million was recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital, while the carrying value of the shares repurchased was recorded as a reduction of redeemable convertible preferred stock. The redeemable convertible preferred stock repurchased was retired immediately thereafter. For common stock repurchased from employees, the excess of the purchase price paid by the Company over the fair value of the common stock totaled $9 million and was recorded as stock-based compensation expense during the year ended December 31, 2018. The common stock was retired immediately upon repurchase.
Additionally, in 2018, the Company repurchased 193,775 shares of common stock from two employees as part of the separation arrangement at a price in excess of the fair value on the date of repurchase. Stock-based compensation expense as a result of the repurchase was not material during the year ended December 31, 2018. These shares were retired immediately upon repurchase.
Repurchased common stock from exercised options under the 2014 Plan were returned to the pool of shares reserved for future issuance.
During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, stock repurchase activities were not material.
v3.20.4
Income Taxes
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
U.S. and foreign components of consolidated income (loss) before income taxes was as follows (in millions):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
United States$(204)$(666)$(463)
Foreign— — 5 
Loss before income taxes$(204)$(666)$(458)
The Company’s provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020 was zero, $1 million, and $3 million, respectively. The provision for income taxes primarily consisted of franchise tax and U.S. federal and state income tax, as well as international taxes from foreign operations.
The reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate was as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
201820192020
Federal tax (benefit) at statutory rate21 %21 %21 %
State tax (benefit) at statutory rate, net of federal benefit4 4 3 
Change in valuation allowance(25)(23)(21)
Stock-based compensation(1)— (2)
Research and development credits1 1 3 
Change in fair value of forward contract liability— (3)— 
Non-deductible expenses— — (3)
Non-deductible interest expense— — (2)
Provision for income taxes— %— %(1)%
No deferred tax liabilities for foreign withholding taxes have been recorded relating to the earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries since all such earnings are intended to be indefinitely reinvested. The Company also elected to record the taxes for Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income as a period cost.
The significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in millions):
December 31,
20192020
Deferred tax assets
Accruals and reserves$44 $95 
Stock-based compensation5 72 
Tax credits carryforward12 23 
Operating leases46 64 
Net operating losses carryforward200 180 
Total gross deferred tax assets307 434 
Less: Valuation allowance(260)(357)
Total deferred tax assets net of valuation allowance47 77 
Deferred tax liabilities
Property and equipment and intangible assets— (19)
ROU assets(42)(51)
Deferred contract costs(5)(10)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities(47)(80)
Net deferred tax liabilities$— $(3)
The Company accounts for deferred taxes under ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires a reduction of the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized. Accordingly, the need to establish valuation allowances for deferred tax assets is assessed periodically based on the ASC 740 more-likely-than-not realization threshold criterion. This assessment
considers matters such as future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. The evaluation of the recoverability of the deferred tax assets requires that the Company weigh all positive and negative evidence to reach a conclusion that it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The weight given to the evidence is commensurate with the extent to which it can be objectively verified. Due to the lack of U.S. earnings history, the U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets have been fully offset by a valuation allowance. Overall, the valuation allowance increased by $154 million and $97 million in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had accumulated federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of $689 million and $547 million, respectively. Of the $689 million of federal net operating losses, $629 million is carried forward indefinitely but is limited to 80% of taxable income. The remaining federal and state net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire in 2033 and 2023, respectively.
The Company also had $19 million of federal and $12 million of California research and development tax credit carryforwards as of December 31, 2020. The federal research and development tax credits expire in varying amounts starting in 2033. The California research credits do not expire and may be carried forward indefinitely.
The Company’s ability to utilize the net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards in the future may be subject to substantial restrictions in the event of past or future ownership changes as defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and similar state tax law. The most recent analysis of the Company’s historical ownership changes was completed through December 31, 2019. Based on the analysis, the Company does not anticipate a current limitation on the tax attributes.
On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act permits employers to defer the payment of the employer share of social security taxes due for the period beginning March 27, 2020 and ending December 31, 2020. The Company deferred the employer share of social security taxes from April 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020. Of the amounts deferred, 50% are required to be paid by December 31, 2021 and the remaining 50% are required to be paid by December 31, 2022. The Company completed its evaluation of the impact of the CARES Act, and with the exception of the expected impact from the payroll tax deferral, does not expect the provisions of the legislation to have a significant impact on the effective tax rate, deferred tax assets and liabilities, or income tax payable of the Company.
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of both December 31, 2019 and 2020 was $7 million of tax benefits, that, if recognized, would result in adjustments to the valuation allowance.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits is included in the table below (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
201820192020
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year$1 $3 $7 
Increases related to current year tax positions2 4 3 
Decreases related to prior year tax positions— — (3)
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year$3 $7 $7 
The Company’s policy is to recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within provision for income taxes. The Company did not accrue any interest expense or penalties during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020.
The Company files U.S. federal and state income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction as well as foreign jurisdictions. The Company’s income tax returns generally remain subject to examination by United States federal and state and foreign tax authorities.
v3.20.4
Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common StockholdersThe Company computes net loss per share using the two-class method required for multiple classes of common stock and participating securities. The rights, including the liquidation and dividend rights, of the Class A common stock and Class B
common stock are identical, other than voting rights. Accordingly, the Class A common stock and Class B common stock share equally in the Company’s net losses. Before the IPO, the Company’s outstanding securities also included convertible preferred stock. The holders of redeemable convertible preferred stock did not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company’s losses, and as a result, net losses were not allocated to these securities.
The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders during the periods presented. The shares issued in the IPO and the shares of Class A common stock issued upon conversion of the outstanding shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock in the IPO, as well as vested RSUs that have not been settled are included in the table below weighted for the period outstanding in the year ended December 31, 2020 (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, and per share data):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
 Common CommonClass AClass B
Net loss$(204)$(667)$(446)$(15)
Less: Premium paid on repurchase of redeemable convertible preferred stock(3)— — — 
Less: Deemed dividend to preferred stockholders— (1)— — 
Net loss attributable to common stockholders$(207)$(668)$(446)$(15)
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted44,305 43,252 60,422 1,968 
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted$(4.67)$(15.44)$(7.39)$(7.39)
The following outstanding shares of potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect (in thousands):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
Redeemable convertible preferred stock (on an as-converted basis)191,602 230,953 — 
Stock options to purchase common stock39,191 36,247 33,802 
Unvested restricted stock units(1)
6,065 15,924 17,987 
Common stock subject to repurchase25 — — 
Convertible promissory notes— — 2,595 
Total236,883 283,124 54,384 

(1) The CEO Performance Award is excluded from the above table because the Company Stock Price Target had not been met as of December 31, 2020.
v3.20.4
401(k) Plan
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
401(k) Plan 401(k) PlanThe Company has a 401(k) Plan that qualifies as a deferred salary arrangement under Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code. Under the 401(k) Plan, eligible and participating employees may defer a portion of their pretax earnings not to exceed the maximum amount allowable. The Company does not make contributions for eligible employees.
v3.20.4
Subsequent Events
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Subsequent Events [Abstract]  
Subsequent Events Subsequent EventsRepayment of Convertible NotesIn February 2021, the Company repaid the outstanding principal and accrued interest of the 2020 Notes in full for $375 million.
v3.20.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of DoorDash, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Segments SegmentsOperating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer is the Company’s CODM. The CODM reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance. As such, the Company has determined that it operates in one reportable segment.
Use of Estimates Use of EstimatesThe preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period presented. Estimates include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, allowances for credit losses, estimated useful lives of property and equipment, capitalized software and website development costs, intangible assets, stock-based compensation, valuation of investments and other financial instruments, valuation of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, the incremental borrowing rate applied in lease accounting, insurance reserves, loss contingencies, and income and indirect taxes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Business Combinations
Business Combinations
The Company accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, allocation of the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to the valuation of intangible assets. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, the Company may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with a corresponding offset to goodwill if new information is obtained related to facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. Upon the conclusion of
the measurement period or final determination of the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. Acquisition costs, such as legal and consulting fees, are expensed as incurred.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash includes demand deposits with banks or financial institutions as well as cash in transit from payment processors. Cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less and their carrying values approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. Restricted cash consists of collateral provided for letters of credit established primarily for real estate leases and insurance policies. As of December 31, 2020, the restricted cash balance was not material.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash includes demand deposits with banks or financial institutions as well as cash in transit from payment processors. Cash equivalents include short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less and their carrying values approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. Restricted cash consists of collateral provided for letters of credit established primarily for real estate leases and insurance policies. As of December 31, 2020, the restricted cash balance was not material.
Marketable Securities
Marketable Securities
Marketable securities primarily consist of commercial paper, U.S. government agency securities, U.S. Treasury securities, and corporate bonds. The Company invests in a diversified portfolio of marketable securities and limits the concentration of its investment in any particular security. Securities with original maturities greater than three months, but less than one year, are included in current assets and securities with original maturities greater than one year are included in non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. All marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value.
If the estimated fair value of an available-for-sale debt security is below its amortized cost basis, then the Company evaluates the security for impairment. The Company considers its intent to sell the security or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized basis. If either of these criteria are met, the debt security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. If neither of these criteria are met, the Company evaluates whether unrealized losses have resulted from a credit loss or other factors. The factors considered in determining whether a credit loss exists can include the extent to which fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, any adverse conditions specifically related to the security, as well as other factors. An impairment relating to credit losses is recorded through an allowance for credit losses reported in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. The allowance is limited by the amount that the fair value of the debt security is below its amortized cost basis. When a credit loss exists, the Company compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security with the amortized cost basis of the security to determine what allowance amount, if any, should be recorded. Unrealized losses not resulting from credit losses are recorded through accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Funds Held at Payment Processors
Funds Held at Payment Processors
Funds held at payment processors represent cash due from the Company’s payment processors for cleared transactions with merchants and consumers, as well as funds transferred to payment processors for Dasher payout.
Accounts Receivable, Net and Allowance for Credit Losses
Accounts Receivable, Net and Allowance for Credit Losses
Accounts receivable, net primarily represents receivables from merchants generated through the Company’s Drive offering. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses, which is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectability of accounts. The Company regularly reviews the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses on a collective basis by considering the age of each outstanding invoice, each customer’s expected ability to pay and collection history, current market conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions to determine whether the allowance is appropriate. Accounts receivable deemed uncollectible are charged against the allowance for credit losses when identified.
Property and Equipment, Net
Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. The useful lives are as follows:
   Estimated Useful Life
Equipment for merchants  2 years
Computer equipment and software  2 years
Office equipment  5 years
Capitalized software and website development costs  2 years
Leasehold improvements  Shorter of estimated useful life or lease term
Maintenance and repair costs are charged to expense as incurred. Upon disposal of a fixed asset, the Company records a gain or loss based on the difference between the proceeds received and the net book value of the disposed asset.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. The Company’s impairment tests are based on a single operating segment and reporting unit structure. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge is recognized for the excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit over its fair value.
The Company conducted its annual goodwill impairment test during the fourth quarter of 2020 and determined that the fair value of the reporting unit significantly exceeded its carrying value. No impairment charge was recorded in any of the periods presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Intangible Assets, Net
Intangible assets are recorded at fair value as of the date of acquisition and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The Company reviews identifiable amortizable intangible assets to be held and used for impairment under the long-lived asset model described under “Impairment of Long-Lived Assets” below.
Capitalized Software and Website Development Costs
The Company incurred costs relating to the development of the Company’s technology platform, which includes Dasher and merchant tools, mobile apps, and website and content development. Software development costs related to software acquired, developed, or modified solely to meet the Company’s internal requirements, with no substantive plans to market such software at the time of development, are capitalized during the application development stage of the project. Costs incurred during the preliminary planning and evaluation stage of the project and during the post implementation operational stage are expensed as incurred. Costs to develop the Company’s technology platform are capitalized when preliminary development efforts are successfully completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used as intended. Costs incurred for enhancements that are expected to result in additional functionality are capitalized and expensed over the estimated useful life of the upgrades on a per project basis.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Impairment of Long-Lived AssetsThe Company evaluates its long-lived assets or asset groups for indicators of possible impairment by comparison of the carrying amount to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by such asset or asset group when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Should an impairment exist, the impairment loss would be measured based on the excess carrying value of the asset or asset group over the asset’s or asset group’s fair value generally determined by estimates of future discounted cash flows. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell
Insurance Reserves
Insurance Reserves
The Company utilizes a combination of third-party insurance and self-insurance programs to insure costs including auto liability related to both bodily injury and physical damage, and uninsured and underinsured motorists up to a certain dollar retention limit. The recorded self-insurance reserves reflect the estimated cost for claims incurred but not paid and claims that have been incurred but not yet reported. The estimate of the Company’s self-insured ultimate obligation utilizes actuarial techniques applied to historical claim and loss experience. The Company utilizes assumptions based on actuarial judgment with consideration toward relevant industry claim and loss development factors, which includes the development time frame and settlement patterns, and expected loss rates. To limit exposure to some risks, the Company maintains additional insurance coverage with varying limits and retentions. The Company cannot predict whether this insurance will be adequate to cover all potential hazards incidental to its business. Reserves are periodically reviewed and adjusted as necessary as experience develops or new information becomes known. However, ultimate results may differ from the Company’s estimates, which could result in losses over the Company’s reserved amounts.
Loss Contingencies
Loss Contingencies
The Company is involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations, and proceedings that arise in connection with its business. Certain of these matters include speculative claims for substantial or indeterminate amounts of damages. The Company records a liability in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets when the Company believes that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount or range can be reasonably estimated. The Company discloses material contingencies when it believes that a loss is not probable but reasonably possible. Significant judgment is required to determine both probability and the estimated amount. The Company reviews these provisions on a quarterly basis and adjusts these provisions accordingly to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and updated information.
Sales and Indirect Taxes
Sales and Indirect Taxes
The Company records sales and indirect tax liabilities when they become probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Sales and indirect tax liabilities are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consists of foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale marketable securities. The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated from their functional currency, which is typically the local currency, into U.S. dollars. Assets and liabilities are translated at period end rates of exchange, and revenue and expenses are translated using average monthly exchange rates. The resulting gain or loss is included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the consolidated balance sheets.
Available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included as a separate component of stockholders’ deficit within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted to employees and directors using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of stock options is recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is typically four years.
The Black-Scholes model considers several variables and assumptions in estimating the fair value of stock-based awards. These variables include:
 
•per share fair value of the underlying common stock;
•exercise price;
•expected term;
•risk-free interest rate;
•expected stock price volatility over the expected term; and
•expected annual dividend yield.
For all stock options granted, the Company calculated the expected term using the simplified method for “plain vanilla” stock option awards. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues similar in duration to the expected term of the stock-based award. The Company’s common stock is not publicly traded, and therefore, the Company used the historical volatility of the stock price of similar publicly traded peer companies. The Company utilized a dividend yield of zero, as it had no history or plan of declaring dividends on its common stock.
The fair value of RSUs is estimated based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Prior to November 2020, RSUs granted by the Company vest upon the satisfaction of both a service-based vesting condition, which is typically four years, and a liquidity event-related performance vesting condition. The liquidity event-related performance vesting condition was achieved upon the consummation of the Company's IPO, and the Company recorded a cumulative stock-based compensation expense of $279 million as of the IPO date for those RSUs for which the service-based vesting condition has been satisfied. Stock-based compensation related to the remaining service-based period after the liquidity event-related performance vesting condition was satisfied will be recorded over the remaining requisite service period using the accelerated attribution method. Since November 2020, with the exception of the CEO Performance Award (as discussed further in Note 12), the Company only granted RSUs that vest upon the satisfaction of a service-based vesting condition and the compensation expense for these RSUs is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.
For the CEO Performance Award that includes a market condition, the fair value of the award is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The associated stock-based compensation is recorded over the derived service period, using the accelerated attribution method. If the stock price goals are met sooner than the derived service period, the Company will adjust the stock-based compensation expense to reflect the cumulative expense associated with the vested award. Provided that Tony Xu continues to be the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, Stock-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period, regardless of whether the stock price goals are achieved.
Prior to the IPO, the fair value of the shares of common stock underlying the stock options and RSUs has historically been determined by the Company’s board of directors as there is no public market for the underlying common stock. The Company’s board of directors determined the fair value of the Company’s common stock by considering a number of objective and subjective factors including: contemporaneous third-party valuations of its common stock, the valuation of comparable companies, sales of the Company’s common and redeemable convertible preferred stock to outside investors in arms-length transactions (including the IPO), the Company’s operating and financial performance, the lack of marketability, and the general and industry specific economic outlook, amongst other factors. After the completion of the IPO, the fair value of the Company's Class A common stock is determined based on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") closing price on the date of grant.
The Company records forfeitures when they occur for all share-based payment awards.
Provision for Income Taxes
Provision for Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial statement and income tax basis of existing assets and liabilities. These differences are measured using the enacted statutory tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income for the years in which differences are expected to reverse. The Company recognizes the effect on deferred income taxes of a change in tax rates in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets to the net amount that it believes is more-likely-than-not to be realized. Management considers all available evidence, both positive and negative, including historical levels of income, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future taxable income, and ongoing tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation allowance.
The Company operates in various tax jurisdictions and is subject to audit by tax authorities. The Company recognizes the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more-likely-than-not that the position is sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority, based on the technical merits. The tax benefit recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit which is greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes.
Fair Value
Fair Value
The Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis based on an expected exit price, which represents the amount that would be received on the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly
transaction between market participants. As such, fair value may be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis, whereby inputs used in valuation techniques, are assigned a hierarchical level. The following are the hierarchical levels of inputs to measure fair value:
Level 1Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2Inputs reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities; or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
Level 3Unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s own assumptions incorporated in valuation techniques used to determine fair value. These assumptions are required to be consistent with market participant assumptions that are reasonably available.
The carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, which include cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. The carrying value of the Company’s convertible promissory notes entered into in February 2020, which are recorded at amortized cost, approximates fair value as the stated interest rate approximates market rates for similar loans.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company’s cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, funds held at payment processors, and accounts receivable are potentially subject to concentration of credit risk. Although the Company deposits its cash with multiple financial institutions, the deposits, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. Management believes that the institutions are financially stable and, accordingly, minimal credit risk exists. The Company limits purchases of debt securities to investment-grade securities. The Company has not experienced any significant credit losses historically.
The Company relies on a limited number of third parties to provide payment processing services (“payment processors”) including collecting amounts due from end-users and processing Dasher payouts. Payment processors are financial institutions or credit card companies that the Company believes are of high credit quality. The Company retains the risk of collecting such amounts from the payment processor, which are included in funds held at payment processors for the unsettled portion at each period end. The portion of the payments to be remitted to Dashers and merchants is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities. Although the Company pre-authorizes forms of payment to mitigate its exposure, the Company absorbs all credit card losses.
Accounts receivable, net primarily represents receivables from merchants that were generated through the Company’s Drive offering.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with its Customers. The Company generates a substantial majority of its revenue from orders completed through the DoorDash Marketplace and the related commissions charged to partner merchants and fees charged to consumers. A partner merchant represents a merchant that has entered into a contractual agreement with DoorDash. Revenue from the DoorDash Marketplace is recognized at the point in time when the consumer obtains control of the merchant’s products. The Company also generates revenue from membership fees paid by consumers for DashPass, which is recognized as part of the DoorDash Marketplace. Revenue generated from the Company’s DashPass subscriptions is recognized on a ratable basis over the contractual period, which is generally one month to one year depending on the type of subscription purchased by the consumer. In addition, the Company also generates revenue from its Drive offering by collecting per-order fees from merchants that use its local logistics platform to arrange for delivery services that fulfill demand generated through their own channels. Revenue from Drive is recognized at the point in time when the consumer obtains control of the merchant’s products.
When determining the appropriate accounting for the fees collected in exchange for the use of the Company’s local logistics platform, the Company considered its contractual arrangements with the parties involved as well as its customary business practices. Under the Company’s agreements with partner merchants, the Company agrees to a commission to be earned as a percentage of the total dollar value of goods ordered. When a consumer signs up to use the Company’s local logistics platform, the consumer agrees to be charged certain fees, at the time an order is placed, in exchange for use of the platform. The Company has concluded that a contract exists between the Company and a partner merchant when the partner merchant accepts each consumer’s order, and a contract exists between the Company and a consumer when the consumer places the order and requests delivery services. The duration of a contract is typically equal to the time between when the order is placed and a Dasher picks up the food from the merchant. Contracts including variable consideration with partner merchants were not material for the periods presented.
The Company’s local logistics platform facilitates orders between consumers and partner merchants. Separately, the Company’s platform arranges for consumers to obtain delivery service from Dashers. The Company has determined that the order facilitation service and delivery facilitation service are distinct performance obligations and has therefore considered whether it is a principal or agent separately for each of these items. The order facilitation service and the delivery facilitation service are distinct given that the consumer can benefit from each item separately. Further, the order facilitation service and delivery facilitation service are separately identifiable as the nature of the promises are to transfer the order facilitation service and delivery facilitation service individually, rather than as a combined item.
Principal vs. Agent Considerations
Judgment is required in determining whether the Company is the principal or the agent in transactions with partner merchants, consumers, and Dashers. As it relates to the accounting for order facilitation services and delivery facilitation services, the Company evaluated whether to present revenue on a gross versus net basis based on whether it controls each specified good or service before it is provided to the consumer in DoorDash Marketplace transactions.
With respect to order facilitation services, the Company has determined it is an agent for partner merchants in facilitating the sale of products to the consumer through the DoorDash Marketplace. The consumer accesses the Company’s local logistics platform to identify merchants and places an order for merchants’ products. These orders are picked up from partner merchants and delivered to consumers by Dashers. The Company does not control the products prior to them being transferred to the consumer as it neither has the ability to redirect the products to another consumer nor does it obtain any economic benefit from the products.
With respect to delivery facilitation services, the Company has determined it is acting as an agent for the consumer in facilitating the delivery of products by connecting consumers with Dashers. As the Company’s role with the delivery facilitation service is only to arrange for a delivery opportunity to be offered to prospective Dashers, it does not control how the delivery service is ultimately provided to the consumer.
As the Company is an agent in facilitating the sale of products and delivery services, the Company reports revenue on a net basis, reflecting amounts collected from consumers, less amounts remitted to merchants and Dashers. Dasher payout represents the amounts paid to Dashers for deliveries, including incentives and tips, except for certain referral bonuses. From time to time, Dashers may request an earlier payment settlement in exchange for a reduction in Dasher payout. The amounts payable to merchants and Dashers are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as payments are typically settled on a weekly basis.
The Company recognizes revenue from both partner merchants and consumers for each successfully completed transaction. The Company satisfies its performance obligations to a partner merchant when there is a successful sale of the merchant’s products and meets its performance obligation to a consumer once the Dasher has picked up the products from the merchant for delivery to the consumer.
DoorDash also provides value-add services to merchants. These services are generally considered separate performance obligations and revenue is recognized over the period in which services are provided. Revenue generated from such services is not material in all periods presented.
Gift Cards
The Company sells gift cards to consumers that can be redeemed through its Marketplace. Proceeds from the sale of gift cards are deferred and recorded as contract liabilities until consumers use the card to place orders on its platform. When gift cards are redeemed, revenue is recognized on a net basis as the difference between the amounts collected from consumers less amounts remitted to merchants and Dashers.
Refunds and Credits
From time to time the Company issues credits or refunds to merchants and consumers to ameliorate issues that may arise with orders. The Company accounts for such refunds as variable consideration and therefore records the amount of each refund or credit issued as a reduction of revenue.
Incentive Programs
The Company offers incentives to attract consumers and Dashers to use its local logistics platform. Consumers typically receive credits or discounted delivery fees while Dashers typically receive cash incentives. Each of the incentives are described below:
Consumer Promotions
The Company uses promotions in tandem with sales and marketing spend to attract new consumers to its platform. Promotions offered to consumers are primarily recorded as a reduction of revenue and include the following:
New consumer incentives: The Company records discounts and incentives provided to new consumers as a promotion and reduces revenue on the date that the corresponding revenue transaction is recorded.
Consumer referrals: The Company offers referral credits to its existing consumers for referrals of new consumers. These referral credits are paid in exchange for a distinct marketing service and therefore the portion of these credits that is equal to or less than the fair value of acquiring a new consumer are accounted for as a consumer acquisition cost. These new consumer acquisition costs are expensed as incurred and reflected as sales and marketing expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The portion of these credits in excess of the fair value of acquiring a new consumer is accounted for as a reduction of revenue.
Existing consumer incentives: On occasion, the Company offers promotional discounts to existing consumers. The Company records incentives provided to existing consumers as a promotion and reduces revenue on the date that the corresponding revenue transaction is recorded.
Dasher Incentives and Referrals
The Company offers various incentives to Dashers, which are primarily recorded within Dasher payout and reduce revenue. These are offered in various forms and include:
Peak pay: The Company makes additional payments to Dashers to incentivize them to accept delivery opportunities during peak demand time.
Dasher referrals: The Company offers referral bonuses to referring Dashers, as well as to referred Dashers, once the new Dasher has met certain qualifying conditions. The Company expenses the fair value of payments made to the referring Dashers as incurred in sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of operations, since the marketing of the Company’s platform to acquire new Dashers represents a distinct benefit to the Company. The portion of these referral bonuses in excess of the fair value of payments made to the referring Dashers is accounted for as a reduction of revenue. Payments made to the referred Dashers are recorded within Dasher payout and reduce revenue at the time the corresponding revenue transaction is recorded.
Cost of Revenue, Exclusive of Depreciation and Amortization
Cost of revenue primarily consists of (i) order management costs, which include payment processing charges, net of rebates issued from payment processors, costs associated with cancelled orders, costs related to placing orders with non-partner merchants, and insurance expenses, (ii) platform costs, which include costs for onboarding merchants and Dashers, costs for providing support for consumers, merchants, and Dashers, and technology platform infrastructure costs, and (iii) personnel costs, which include personnel-related compensation expenses related to the Company’s local operations, support, and other teams, and allocated overhead. Personnel-related compensation expenses primarily include salary, bonus, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense. Allocated overhead is determined based on an allocation of shared costs, such as facilities (including rent and utilities) and information technology costs, among all departments based on employee headcount. As such, allocated shared costs are reflected in each of the expense categories.
Sales and Marketing and General and Administrative Sales and MarketingSales and marketing expenses primarily consist of advertising and other ancillary expenses related to merchant, consumer, and Dasher acquisition, including certain consumer referral credits and Dasher referral fees paid to the referrers to the extent they represent fair value of acquiring a new consumer or a new Dasher, brand marketing expenses, personnel-related compensation expenses for sales and marketing employees, and commissions expense including amortization of deferred contract costs, as well as allocated overhead.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses primarily consist of legal, tax, and regulatory expenses, which include litigation settlement expenses and sales and indirect taxes, personnel-related compensation expenses related to administrative employees, which include finance and accounting, human resources and legal, chargebacks associated with fraudulent credit card transactions, professional services fees, acquisition-related expenses, and allocated overhead.
Research and Development
Research and Development
Research and development expenses primarily consist of personnel-related compensation expenses related to data analytics and the design of, product development of, and improvements to the Company’s platform, as well as expenses associated with the licensing of third-party software and allocated overhead.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expenses primarily consist of depreciation and amortization expenses associated with the Company’s property and equipment and intangible assets. Depreciation includes expenses associated with equipment for merchants, including equipment for merchants under finance leases, computer equipment and software, office equipment, and leasehold improvements. Amortization includes expenses associated with the Company’s capitalized software and website development costs, as well as acquired intangible assets. Depreciation and amortization are excluded from cost of revenue and operating expenses.
Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
The Company computes net loss per common share following the two-class method required for multiple classes of common stock and participating securities. The Company considers its previously outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock to be participating securities. The two-class method requires income (loss) available to common stockholders for the period to be allocated between multiple classes of common stock and participating securities based upon their respective rights to receive dividends as if all income (loss) for the period had been distributed. The holders of the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock would be entitled to dividends in preference to common stockholders, at specified rates, if declared. Such dividends are not cumulative. Any remaining earnings would be distributed among the holders of redeemable convertible preferred stock and common stock pro rata on an as-converted basis. These holders of the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock are not contractually obligated to participate in the Company’s losses. As such, the Company’s net losses for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2019, and 2020 were not allocated to these participating securities. The rights, including the liquidation and dividend rights, of the Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock are substantially identical, other than voting rights. Accordingly, the Class A common stock and Class B common stock shared proportionately in the Company’s net losses. No shares of Class C common stock were issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020. Prior to the completion of the IPO, there were no shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding.
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, less shares subject to repurchase. The diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period. For periods in which the Company reports net losses, diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share, because all potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive. Vested RSUs that have not been settled have been included in the appropriate common share class used to calculate basic net loss per share.
Upon completion of the Company's IPO, all of the Company’s outstanding shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock were automatically converted into 239 million shares of common stock and their carrying amount reclassified into stockholders' (deficit) equity. As of December 31, 2020, there were no shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock issued and outstanding.
Deferred Offering Costs Deferred Offering CostsDeferred offering costs, which consist of direct incremental legal, consulting, accounting, and other fees relating to the anticipated sale of the Company’s common stock in the IPO, are initially capitalized and recorded in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
Leases
Leases
The Company applies the guidance in Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASC 842”). The Company adopted ASC 842 on January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective transition method and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Consequently, financial information is not updated and the disclosures required under ASC 842 are not provided for dates and periods before January 1, 2019. The Company elected the package of practical expedients available in the leasing transition guidance, and therefore did not reassess whether existing or expired contracts contain leases, lease classification, or initial direct costs. Additionally, the Company has elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for all of the Company’s leases. The Company also has elected the short-term lease exception for all classes of assets, and therefore does not apply the recognition requirements for leases of 12 months or less. Expense related to short-term leases is recognized either straight-line over the lease term or as incurred depending on whether the lease payments are fixed or variable. Variable lease payments were not material for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020. The Company did not utilize the practical expedient allowing the use of hindsight in determining the lease term and in assessing impairment of its operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets.
The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. A contract is or contains a lease if it conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company’s classes of assets that are leased include real estate leases and equipment leases. Operating leases consist of real estate leases and are included in operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases consist of equipment leases and are included in property and equipment, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.
The Company’s real estate leases are for an initial period between one and 15 years, and typically include renewal options, the election of which is at the option of the Company. The Company includes renewal options in the measurement of lease liabilities only to the extent the option is reasonably certain to be exercised. For leases that provide the option to terminate, the lease term includes periods covered by such options to the extent the Company is reasonably certain not to exercise the option.
The Company subleases certain portions of buildings subject to operating leases. The terms and conditions of the subleases are commensurate with the terms and conditions within the original operating leases. The term of the subleases generally range from four to five years, payments are fixed within the contracts, and there are no residual value guarantees or other restrictions or covenants in the leases.
When the discount rate implicit in the lease cannot be readily determined, the Company uses the applicable incremental borrowing rate at lease commencement in order to discount lease payments to present value for purposes of performing lease classification tests and measuring the lease liability. The incremental borrowing rate represents the rate of interest the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Because the Company does not generally borrow on a collateralized basis, it uses a derived unsecured synthetic credit rating adjusted for collateralization, current available yield curves, and the lease term as inputs to derive an appropriate incremental borrowing rate.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” ("ASU 2016-13"). The new guidance requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized costs. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model which requires the use of forward-looking information to calculate credit loss estimates. It also eliminates the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to certain available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. Effective on December 31, 2020, the Company lost its emerging growth company ("EGC") status which accelerated the requirement of the adoption of ASU 2016-13. As a result, the Company adopted 2016-13 using the modified retrospective approach as of January 1, 2020. The cumulative effect upon adoption was not material to its consolidated financial statement.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes", which eliminates certain exceptions related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The new guidance also simplifies aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. For public business entities, this standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2021 and is not expected to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, "Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40)" which removes separation models for convertible debt with a cash conversion feature and convertible instruments with a beneficial conversion feature. Such convertible debt will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost and convertible preferred stock will be accounted for as a single equity instrument measured at its historical cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. The update also requires the if-converted method to be used for convertible instruments and the effect of potential share settlement be included in the diluted earnings per share calculation when an instrument may be settled in cash or shares. For public business entities, the standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of the update on its consolidated financial statements.
In October 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-10, "Codification Improvements", which improves the Codification by having all disclosure-related guidance available in the Disclosure Sections of the Codification and also contains Codification improvements that vary in nature. For public business entities, this amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The amendments in this Update should be applied retrospectively. The Company does not believe the amendments will have a material impact on the disclosures to its consolidated financial statement.
v3.20.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Useful Lives of Property and Equipment The useful lives are as follows:
   Estimated Useful Life
Equipment for merchants  2 years
Computer equipment and software  2 years
Office equipment  5 years
Capitalized software and website development costs  2 years
Leasehold improvements  Shorter of estimated useful life or lease term
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in millions):
December 31, 2019December 31, 2020
Equipment for merchants$55 $111 
Computer equipment and software12 22 
Capitalized software and website development costs25 86 
Leasehold improvements31 57 
Office equipment7 11 
Construction in progress10 27 
Total140 314 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(39)(104)
Property and equipment, net$101 $210 
v3.20.4
Revenue (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenue by offering was as follows (in millions):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
Core business$282 $876 $2,886 
Other revenue9 9 — 
Total revenue$291 $885 $2,886 
Core business is primarily comprised of Marketplace, which includes Pickup and DoorDash for Work, and Drive.
Revenue by geographic area is determined based on the address of the merchant, or in the case of DashPass, the address of the consumer. Revenue by geographic area was as follows (in millions):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
United States$282 $877 $2,875 
International9 8 11 
Total revenue$291 $885 $2,886 
Deferred Contract Costs A summary of activities related to deferred contract costs was as follows (in millions):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
Beginning balance$2 $6 $21 
Capitalization of deferred contract costs5 19 32 
Amortization of deferred contract costs(1)(4)(10)
Ending balance$6 $21 $43 
Deferred contract costs, current$2 $4 $16 
Deferred contract costs, non-current4 17 27 
Total deferred contract costs$6 $21 $43 
v3.20.4
Acquisitions (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combinations [Abstract]  
Schedule of Recognized Identified Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed
The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in millions):
 October 31, 2019
Prepaid expenses and other current assets$4 
Intangible assets106 
Goodwill305 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities(3)
Other liabilities(1)
Total purchase price$411 
Finite-Lived and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets Acquired as Part of Business Combination The following table sets forth the components of identifiable intangible assets acquired (in millions) and their estimated useful lives as of the date of acquisition (in years):
Estimated
Useful
Life		October 31, 2019
Existing technology1.5$45 
Vendor relationships13.045 
Courier relationships1.51 
Customer relationships3.09 
Trade name and trademarks3.06 
Total acquired intangible assets$106 
Pro Forma Information The unaudited pro forma results were as follows (in millions):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 20182019
Revenue$361 $971 
Net loss(291)(726)
v3.20.4
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Goodwill
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the periods presented were as follows (in millions):
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2018$— 
Acquisitions306 
Balance as of December 31, 2019306 
Acquisitions10 
Balance as of December 31, 2020$316 
Schedule of Intangible Assets
Intangible assets, net consisted of the following as of December 31, 2019 (in millions):
Weighted-average
Remaining Useful
Life (in years)		Gross Carrying
Value		Accumulated
Amortization		Net Carrying
Value
Existing technology1.4$49 $(6)$43 
Vendor relationships12.845 (1)44 
Courier relationships1.31 — 1 
Customer relationships2.89 — 9 
Trade name and trademarks2.86 — 6 
Balance as of December 31, 2019
$110 $(7)$103 
Intangible assets, net consisted of the following as of year ended December 31, 2020 (in millions):
Weighted-average
Remaining Useful
Life (in years)		Gross Carrying
Value		Accumulated
Amortization		Net Carrying
Value
Existing technology7.6$71 $(48)$23 
Vendor relationships11.845 (4)41 
Courier relationships0.31 (1)— 
Customer relationships1.89 (3)6 
Trade name and trademarks1.86 (2)4 
Balance as of December 31, 2020$132 $(58)$74 
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense The estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 was as follows (in millions):
Year Ending December 31,
Amortization
Expense
2021$13 
202210 
20236 
20246 
20256 
Thereafter33 
Total estimated future amortization expense$74 
v3.20.4
Fair Value Measures and Disclosures (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis
The following tables set forth the Company’s financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy (in millions):
 December 31, 2019
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Cash equivalents
Corporate bonds$— $2 $— $2 
Short-term marketable securities
Commercial paper— 8 — 8 
Corporate bonds— 110 — 110 
U.S. government agency securities— 43 — 43 
U.S. Treasury securities— 347 — 347 
Total$— $510 $— $510 
 December 31, 2020
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Cash equivalents
U.S. Treasury securities$— $3 $— $3 
Short-term marketable securities
Commercial paper— 76 — 76 
Corporate bonds— 51 — 51 
U.S. government agency securities— 23 — 23 
U.S. Treasury securities— 364 — 364 
Total$— $517 $— $517 
v3.20.4
Balance Sheet Components (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Balance Sheet Related Disclosures [Abstract]  
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
The following tables summarize the cost or amortized cost, gross unrealized gain, gross unrealized loss, and fair value of the Company’s cash equivalents and marketable securities (in millions):
 December 31, 2019
 Cost or
Amortized
Cost		UnrealizedEstimated
Fair
Value
 GainsLosses
Cash equivalents
Corporate bonds$1 $1 $— $2 
Short-term marketable securities
Commercial paper8 — — 8 
Corporate bonds110 — — 110 
U.S. government agency securities43 — — 43 
U.S. Treasury securities347 — — 347 
Total$509 $1 $— $510 
 December 31, 2020
 Cost or
Amortized
Cost		UnrealizedEstimated
Fair
Value
 GainsLosses
Cash equivalents
U.S. Treasury securities$3 $— $— $3 
Short-term marketable securities
Commercial paper76 — — 76 
Corporate bonds51 — — 51 
U.S. government agency securities23 — — 23 
U.S. Treasury securities364 — — 364 
Total$517 $— $— $517 
Schedule of Property and Equipment, net The useful lives are as follows:
   Estimated Useful Life
Equipment for merchants  2 years
Computer equipment and software  2 years
Office equipment  5 years
Capitalized software and website development costs  2 years
Leasehold improvements  Shorter of estimated useful life or lease term
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in millions):
December 31, 2019December 31, 2020
Equipment for merchants$55 $111 
Computer equipment and software12 22 
Capitalized software and website development costs25 86 
Leasehold improvements31 57 
Office equipment7 11 
Construction in progress10 27 
Total140 314 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(39)(104)
Property and equipment, net$101 $210 
Schedule of Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in millions):
December 31, 2019December 31, 2020
Litigation reserves$99 $178 
Sales tax payable and accrued sales and indirect taxes51 149 
Accrued operations related expenses40 139 
Accrued advertising24 62 
Dasher and merchant payable27 110 
Credits issued to consumers14 28 
Insurance reserves15 55 
Contract liabilities13 108 
Other62 114 
Total$345 $943 
v3.20.4
Leases (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Leases [Abstract]  
Lease Cost The components of lease costs related to the Company’s operating leases included in the consolidated statements of operations for the periods presented were as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
20192020
Operating lease cost$22 $40 
Short-term lease cost10 11 
Sublease income(3)(5)
Total lease cost$29 $46 
Lease terms and discount rates for operating leases were as follows:
December 31, 2019December 31, 2020
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)10.210.7
Weighted-average discount rate7.12%8.06%
Supplemental cash flow and non-cash information was as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
20192020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows for operating leases$12 $32 
Financing cash flows for finance leases$1 $— 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities
Operating leases$137 $69 
Future Minimum Lease Payments Required under Operating Leases
As of December 31, 2020, the future minimum lease payments required under operating leases were as follows (in millions):
Year Ending December 31,Amount
2021$36 
202246 
202346 
202444 
202542 
Thereafter319 
Total future minimum lease payments533 
Less: Lease not commenced(120)
Less: Imputed interest(145)
Less: Tenant improvement receivable(15)
Present value of future minimum lease payments$253 
v3.20.4
Commitment and Contingencies (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Unrecorded Non-cancelable Purchase Agreements As of December 31, 2020, the future minimum payments under the Company’s non-cancelable purchase commitments were as follows (in millions):
Year Ending December 31,
Amount
2021$119 
2022112 
2023104 
202479 
20252 
Total future minimum payments$416 
v3.20.4
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Temporary Equity Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
The following table summarizes the redeemable convertible preferred stock outstanding immediately prior to the conversion into common stock, and the rights and preferences of the Company’s respective series preceding the Company’s IPO in December 2020 (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, and per share data):

SeriesShares
Authorized		Shares
Issued and
Outstanding		Issuance PricePer Share
Conversion
Price		Aggregate
Liquidation
Preference		Carrying
Value
Series A-113,330 13,330 $0.15 $0.15 $2 $7 
Series A27,159 27,159 0.73 0.73 20 20 
Series B7,925 7,925 5.68 5.48 45 45 
Series C26,839 26,839 4.79 4.79 128 128 
Series D98,008 98,008 5.51 
(1)
5.51 540 535 
Series E18,055 18,055 13.85 13.85 250 250 
Series F18,186 18,186 22.48 22.48 409 476 
Series G21,165 21,165 37.94 37.94 803 803 
Series H9,351 8,316 45.91 45.91 382 382 
Total240,018 238,983 $2,579 $2,646 

(1) The issuance price for Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock was $5.50688, except for shares issued via the conversion of certain of the outstanding convertible promissory notes issued in 2017, for which the conversion price was $4.78778 per share.
Schedule of Fair Value of the Liability (Valued as a Forward Contract)
The fair value of the liability (valued as a forward contract) at issuance and as of subsequent closing was determined with the following assumptions:
As of
February 22,
2019		As of
May 14,
2019
Current forward price per share$22.48 $37.76 
Contractual forward price per share$22.48 $22.48 
Risk-free rate2.46 %2.41 %
Expected years until subsequent closing0.23— 
Present value of contractual forward price per share$22.35 $22.48 
Value of the forward contract per share$0.13 $15.28 
Number of preferred shares issued in the subsequent closing4,449,370 4,449,370 
Fair value of forward contract liability (in millions)
$1 $68 
v3.20.4
Common Stock (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Equity [Abstract]  
Schedule of Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance on an As-converted Basis
The following table summarizes the Company’s shares of common stock reserved for future issuance on an as-converted basis (in thousands):
December 31, 2019December 31, 2020
Conversion of outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock230,953 — 
Stock options issued and outstanding under the 2014 Plan36,247 33,802 
RSUs outstanding under the 2014 and 2020 Plan15,924 34,939 
Remaining shares available for future issuance10,478 32,210 
Shares available for issuance under the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan— 6,499 
Total293,602 107,450 
Schedule of Non-vested Performance Shares
Company Stock 
Price Target		Number of RSUs
Eligible to Vest
1$187.60518,950
2$226.80518,950
3$265.801,037,900
4$305.001,037,900
5$344.001,037,900
6$383.001,556,850
7$422.201,556,850
8$461.201,556,850
9$501.001,556,850
Schedule of Activity under the 2014 and 2020 Plans
A summary of activity under the 2014 and 2020 Plan and related information was as follows (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, and per share data):
Options Outstanding
Shares
Available
for Grant		Shares
subject to
Options
Outstanding		Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price		Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(in years)		Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Balance as of December 31, 201910,478 36,247 $2.38 6.92$1,070 
Shares authorized40,493 — 
Options granted— — $— 
Options exercised— (2,191)$1.90 129 
Options forfeited254 (254)$1.94 
RSUs granted(20,126)— 
RSUs forfeited1,046 — 
Shares withheld related to net share settlement, returned to the 2020 Plan65 
Balance as of December 31, 202032,210 33,802 $2.42 5.92$4,744 
Exercisable as of December 31, 202028,291 $1.95 5.61$3,983 
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 202033,802 $2.42 5.92$4,744 
Summary of RSU Activity
The summary of RSU activity was as follows (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, and per share data):
Number of
Shares		Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value		Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Unvested units as of December 31, 201915,924 $508 
Granted20,126 $56.27 
Vested(6,573)$17.40 
Vested and settled(65)$10.68 
Forfeited(1,046)$29.14 
Unvested units as of December 31, 202028,366 $4,049 
Schedule of Assumptions used to Estimate the Fair Value of Stock Options Granted
The assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted for the periods presented were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
201820192020
Expected volatility
54.10% - 57.64%
53.73% - 53.85%
—
Risk-free rate
2.49% - 3.08%
2.35% - 2.36%
—
Dividend yield———
Expected term (in years)
5.00 - 6.10
5.91 - 6.03
—
Schedule of Stock-based compensation Expense
The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of operations as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
201820192020
Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization$3 $2 $31 
Sales and marketing3 2 37 
Research and development11 8 171 
General and administrative7 6 83 
Total stock-based compensation expense$24 $18 $322 
v3.20.4
Income Taxes (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign
U.S. and foreign components of consolidated income (loss) before income taxes was as follows (in millions):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
United States$(204)$(666)$(463)
Foreign— — 5 
Loss before income taxes$(204)$(666)$(458)
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
The reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate was as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
201820192020
Federal tax (benefit) at statutory rate21 %21 %21 %
State tax (benefit) at statutory rate, net of federal benefit4 4 3 
Change in valuation allowance(25)(23)(21)
Stock-based compensation(1)— (2)
Research and development credits1 1 3 
Change in fair value of forward contract liability— (3)— 
Non-deductible expenses— — (3)
Non-deductible interest expense— — (2)
Provision for income taxes— %— %(1)%
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in millions):
December 31,
20192020
Deferred tax assets
Accruals and reserves$44 $95 
Stock-based compensation5 72 
Tax credits carryforward12 23 
Operating leases46 64 
Net operating losses carryforward200 180 
Total gross deferred tax assets307 434 
Less: Valuation allowance(260)(357)
Total deferred tax assets net of valuation allowance47 77 
Deferred tax liabilities
Property and equipment and intangible assets— (19)
ROU assets(42)(51)
Deferred contract costs(5)(10)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities(47)(80)
Net deferred tax liabilities$— $(3)
Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits is included in the table below (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
201820192020
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year$1 $3 $7 
Increases related to current year tax positions2 4 3 
Decreases related to prior year tax positions— — (3)
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year$3 $7 $7 
v3.20.4
Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common StockholdersEarnings Per Share (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted
The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders during the periods presented. The shares issued in the IPO and the shares of Class A common stock issued upon conversion of the outstanding shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock in the IPO, as well as vested RSUs that have not been settled are included in the table below weighted for the period outstanding in the year ended December 31, 2020 (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, and per share data):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
 Common CommonClass AClass B
Net loss$(204)$(667)$(446)$(15)
Less: Premium paid on repurchase of redeemable convertible preferred stock(3)— — — 
Less: Deemed dividend to preferred stockholders— (1)— — 
Net loss attributable to common stockholders$(207)$(668)$(446)$(15)
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted44,305 43,252 60,422 1,968 
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted$(4.67)$(15.44)$(7.39)$(7.39)
Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share
The following outstanding shares of potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect (in thousands):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 201820192020
Redeemable convertible preferred stock (on an as-converted basis)191,602 230,953 — 
Stock options to purchase common stock39,191 36,247 33,802 
Unvested restricted stock units(1)
6,065 15,924 17,987 
Common stock subject to repurchase25 — — 
Convertible promissory notes— — 2,595 
Total236,883 283,124 54,384 

(1) The CEO Performance Award is excluded from the above table because the Company Stock Price Target had not been met as of December 31, 2020.
v3.20.4
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 09, 2020
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 08, 2020
shares
Nov. 09, 2020
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
shares
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
shares
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Preferred stock, authorized (shares) 600,000,000          
Stock-based compensation expense | $       $ 322 $ 18 $ 24
Settlement period required prior to issuance of common stock for RSUs 180 days          
Shares withheld related to net share settlement (shares)       65,000    
Shares withheld related to net share settlement | $       $ 7 $ 0 $ 0
Forward stock split ratio     5      
Common Stock            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Common stock, shares converted (shares) 285,000,000          
Shares withheld related to net share settlement (shares)       65,000    
Employees            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Short-term loan extended to employees | $       $ 10    
Unvested restricted stock units            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Stock-based compensation expense | $ $ 279          
Class A Common Stock            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Shares issued upon conversion of outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock (shares) 239,000,000          
Common stock, authorized (shares) 6,000,000,000.0     6,000,000,000 360,000,000  
Common stock, shares converted (shares) 31,000,000          
Common stock, shares issued upon conversion (shares) 285,000,000 239,269,631        
Shares withheld related to net share settlement (shares) 65,058          
Shares withheld related to net share settlement | $ $ 7          
Class A Common Stock | IPO            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Shares issued in initial public offering (shares) 33,000,000          
Sale of stock, price per share (in USD) | $ / shares $ 102.00          
Proceeds from issuance in IPO | $ $ 3,300          
Class B Common Stock            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Common stock, authorized (shares) 200,000,000     200,000,000 0  
Common stock, shares issued upon conversion (shares) 31,000,000          
Class C Common Stock            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Common stock, authorized (shares) 2,000,000,000.0     2,000,000,000 0  
v3.20.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
segment
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Number of reportable segments | segment 1    
Bad debt expense $ 16,000,000    
Direct write-offs of uncollectible accounts 5,000,000    
Allowance for doubtful accounts 13,000,000 $ 2,000,000  
Goodwill, impairment loss 0 0 $ 0
Operating lease impairment charge 11,000,000    
Advertising expense $ 698,000,000 $ 446,000,000 $ 81,000,000
Minimum      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Subscription revenue recognition period 1 month    
Maximum      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Subscription revenue recognition period 1 year    
International      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Long-lived assets $ 21,000,000    
v3.20.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Property and Equipment, Net (Details)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Equipment for Merchants  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Useful life of property and equipment 2 years
Computer Equipment and Software  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Useful life of property and equipment 2 years
Office Equipment  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Useful life of property and equipment 5 years
Capitalized Software and Website Development Costs  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Useful life of property and equipment 2 years
v3.20.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Stock-based Compensation (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 09, 2020
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Stock-based compensation expense   $ 322 $ 18 $ 24
Dividend yield   0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
RSUs        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Award vesting period   4 years    
Stock-based compensation expense $ 279      
Stock Options        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Award vesting period   4 years    
v3.20.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Concentration of Credit Risk (Details) - Accounts Receivable - Customer Concentration Risk
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Customer One    
Concentration Risk [Line Items]    
Concentration risk (percent) 20.00% 26.00%
Customer Two    
Concentration Risk [Line Items]    
Concentration risk (percent) 14.00% 11.00%
Customer Three    
Concentration Risk [Line Items]    
Concentration risk (percent) 10.00%  
v3.20.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Net Loss Atributable to Common Stockholders (Details) - shares
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 09, 2020
Dec. 08, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Redeemable convertible preferred, issued (shares) 0     230,667,000    
Redeemable convertible preferred, outstanding (shares) 0     230,667,000    
Class C Common Stock            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Common stock, issued (shares) 0     0    
Common stock, outstanding (shares) 0     0    
Class B Common Stock            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Common stock, issued (shares) 31,313,000   0 0    
Common stock, outstanding (shares) 31,313,000   0 0    
Class A Common Stock            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Common stock, issued (shares) 287,190,000     43,937,000    
Common stock, outstanding (shares) 287,190,000     43,937,000    
Shares issued upon conversion of outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock (shares)   239,000,000        
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Redeemable convertible preferred, issued (shares) 0   238,983,000      
Redeemable convertible preferred, outstanding (shares) 0   238,983,000 230,667,000 191,316,000 75,550,000
v3.20.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Deferred Offering Costs (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
IPO | Other Assets  
Sale of Stock [Line Items]  
Deferred offering costs $ 5
v3.20.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Leases (Details)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Minimum  
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]  
Initial lease term 1 year
Term of sublease 4 years
Maximum  
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]  
Initial lease term 15 years
Term of sublease 5 years
v3.20.4
Revenue - Disaggregated Revenue (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue $ 2,886 $ 885 $ 291
United States      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue 2,875 877 282
International      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue 11 8 9
Core business      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue 2,886 876 282
Other revenue      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue $ 0 $ 9 $ 9
v3.20.4
Revenue - Contract Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]    
Contract liabilities $ 108 $ 13
v3.20.4
Revenue - Rollforward of Deferred Contract Costs (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Capitalized Contract Cost [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance $ 21 $ 6 $ 2
Capitalization of deferred contract costs 32 19 5
Amortization of deferred contract costs (10) (4) (1)
Ending balance $ 43 $ 21 $ 6
v3.20.4
Revenue - Deferred Contract Costs (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]        
Deferred contract costs, current $ 16 $ 4 $ 2  
Deferred contract costs, non-current 27 17 4  
Total deferred contract costs $ 43 $ 21 $ 6 $ 2
v3.20.4
Acquisitions (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Revenue     $ 2,886 $ 885 $ 291
Goodwill   $ 316 316 306 $ 0
Caviar          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Consideration transferred $ 411        
Revenue included in consolidated statements of operations       15  
Consideration recorded in accrued expenses and other current liabilities 3        
Cash paid for acquisition 311        
Transaction costs 1        
Acquisition-related costs       5  
Indemnification asset 3        
Estimable legal settlement 3        
Intangible assets 106        
Goodwill 305        
Caviar | Series G Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Redeemable convertible preferred stock issued in connection with an acquisition $ 100        
Scotty Labs, Inc.          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Consideration transferred       5  
Intangible assets       $ 4  
Estimated useful life       2 years  
Goodwill       $ 1  
Technology Manufacturing Company          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Consideration transferred   30      
Consideration recorded in accrued expenses and other current liabilities   3 3    
Intangible assets   $ 22 22    
Estimated useful life   8 years      
Goodwill   $ 10 $ 10    
v3.20.4
Acquisitions - Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Oct. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Goodwill $ 316 $ 306   $ 0
Caviar        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Prepaid expenses and other current assets     $ 4  
Intangible assets     106  
Goodwill     305  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities     (3)  
Other liabilities     (1)  
Total purchase price     $ 411  
v3.20.4
Acquisitions - Identifiable Intangible Assets Acquired (Details) - Caviar
$ in Millions
Oct. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Total acquired intangible assets $ 106
Existing Technology  
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 1 year 6 months
Total acquired intangible assets $ 45
Vendor Relationships  
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 13 years
Total acquired intangible assets $ 45
Courier Relationships  
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 1 year 6 months
Total acquired intangible assets $ 1
Customer Relationships  
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 3 years
Total acquired intangible assets $ 9
Trade Name and Trademarks  
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 3 years
Total acquired intangible assets $ 6
v3.20.4
Acquisitions - Pro Forma Information (Details) - Caviar - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]    
Revenue $ 971 $ 361
Net loss $ (726) $ (291)
v3.20.4
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Goodwill (Details) - USD ($)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill [Roll Forward]      
Goodwill, Beginning Balance $ 306,000,000 $ 0  
Acquisitions 10,000,000 306,000,000  
Goodwill, Ending Balance 316,000,000 306,000,000 $ 0
Goodwill, impairment loss $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
v3.20.4
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Feb. 29, 2020
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Gross Carrying Value   $ 132 $ 110  
Accumulated Amortization   (58) (7)  
Net Carrying Value   74 103  
Amortization of intangible assets   $ 51 $ 7 $ 0
Existing Technology        
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Weighted-average Remaining Useful Life (in years)   7 years 7 months 6 days 1 year 4 months 24 days  
Gross Carrying Value   $ 71 $ 49  
Accumulated Amortization   (48) (6)  
Net Carrying Value   23 $ 43  
Existing Technology | Caviar        
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Weighted-average Remaining Useful Life (in years) 8 months 12 days      
Amortization of intangible assets   $ 15    
Vendor Relationships        
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Weighted-average Remaining Useful Life (in years)   11 years 9 months 18 days 12 years 9 months 18 days  
Gross Carrying Value   $ 45 $ 45  
Accumulated Amortization   (4) (1)  
Net Carrying Value   $ 41 $ 44  
Courier Relationships        
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Weighted-average Remaining Useful Life (in years)   3 months 18 days 1 year 3 months 18 days  
Gross Carrying Value   $ 1 $ 1  
Accumulated Amortization   (1) 0  
Net Carrying Value   $ 0 $ 1  
Customer Relationships        
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Weighted-average Remaining Useful Life (in years)   1 year 9 months 18 days 2 years 9 months 18 days  
Gross Carrying Value   $ 9 $ 9  
Accumulated Amortization   (3) 0  
Net Carrying Value   $ 6 $ 9  
Trade Name and Trademarks        
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Weighted-average Remaining Useful Life (in years)   1 year 9 months 18 days 2 years 9 months 18 days  
Gross Carrying Value   $ 6 $ 6  
Accumulated Amortization   (2) 0  
Net Carrying Value   $ 4 $ 6  
v3.20.4
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Future Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]    
2021 $ 13  
2022 10  
2023 6  
2024 6  
2025 6  
Thereafter 33  
Net Carrying Value $ 74 $ 103
v3.20.4
Fair Value Measures and Disclosures (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Commercial Paper    
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities $ 76 $ 8
Corporate bonds    
Cash equivalents    
Cash equivalents   2
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 51 110
U.S. government agency securities    
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 23 43
U.S. Treasury securities    
Cash equivalents    
Cash equivalents 3  
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 364 347
Fair Value, Recurring    
Short-term marketable securities    
Total 517 510
Fair Value, Recurring | Commercial Paper    
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 76 8
Fair Value, Recurring | Corporate bonds    
Cash equivalents    
Cash equivalents   2
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 51 110
Fair Value, Recurring | U.S. government agency securities    
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 23 43
Fair Value, Recurring | U.S. Treasury securities    
Cash equivalents    
Cash equivalents 3  
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 364 347
Level 1 | Fair Value, Recurring    
Short-term marketable securities    
Total 0 0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Recurring | Commercial Paper    
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 0 0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Recurring | Corporate bonds    
Cash equivalents    
Cash equivalents   0
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 0 0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Recurring | U.S. government agency securities    
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 0 0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Recurring | U.S. Treasury securities    
Cash equivalents    
Cash equivalents 0  
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 0 0
Level 2 | Fair Value, Recurring    
Short-term marketable securities    
Total 517 510
Level 2 | Fair Value, Recurring | Commercial Paper    
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 76 8
Level 2 | Fair Value, Recurring | Corporate bonds    
Cash equivalents    
Cash equivalents   2
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 51 110
Level 2 | Fair Value, Recurring | U.S. government agency securities    
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 23 43
Level 2 | Fair Value, Recurring | U.S. Treasury securities    
Cash equivalents    
Cash equivalents 3  
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 364 347
Level 3    
Short-term marketable securities    
Total 0 0
Liabilities 0 0
Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring    
Short-term marketable securities    
Total 0 0
Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring | Commercial Paper    
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 0 0
Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring | Corporate bonds    
Cash equivalents    
Cash equivalents   0
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 0 0
Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring | U.S. government agency securities    
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities 0 0
Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring | U.S. Treasury securities    
Cash equivalents    
Cash equivalents 0  
Short-term marketable securities    
Short-term marketable securities $ 0 $ 0
v3.20.4
Balance Sheet Components - Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
security
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
security
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Cash equivalents      
Cash equivalents, cost or amortized cost $ 4,345 $ 257 $ 215
Short-term marketable securities      
Total 517 509  
Total, unrealized gains 0 1  
Total, unrealized losses 0 0  
Total, estimated fair value $ 517 $ 510  
Number of individual securities that incurred continuous unrealized losses for greater than 12 months | security 0 0  
Corporate bonds      
Cash equivalents      
Cash equivalents, cost or amortized cost   $ 1  
Cash equivalents, unrealized gain   1  
Cash equivalents paper, unrealized loss   0  
Cash equivalents, estimated fair value   2  
Short-term marketable securities      
Short-term marketable securities, cost or amortized cost $ 51 110  
Short-term marketable securities, unrealized gains 0 0  
Short-term marketable securities, unrealized losses 0 0  
Short-term marketable securities, estimated fair value 51 110  
Commercial Paper      
Short-term marketable securities      
Short-term marketable securities, cost or amortized cost 76 8  
Short-term marketable securities, unrealized gains 0 0  
Short-term marketable securities, unrealized losses 0 0  
Short-term marketable securities, estimated fair value 76 8  
U.S. government agency securities      
Short-term marketable securities      
Short-term marketable securities, cost or amortized cost 23 43  
Short-term marketable securities, unrealized gains 0 0  
Short-term marketable securities, unrealized losses 0 0  
Short-term marketable securities, estimated fair value 23 43  
U.S. Treasury securities      
Cash equivalents      
Cash equivalents, cost or amortized cost 3    
Cash equivalents, unrealized gain 0    
Cash equivalents paper, unrealized loss 0    
Cash equivalents, estimated fair value 3    
Short-term marketable securities      
Short-term marketable securities, cost or amortized cost 364 347  
Short-term marketable securities, unrealized gains 0 0  
Short-term marketable securities, unrealized losses 0 0  
Short-term marketable securities, estimated fair value $ 364 $ 347  
v3.20.4
Balance Sheet Components - Property and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total $ 314 $ 140  
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (104) (39)  
Property and equipment, net 210 101  
Depreciation expense 52 20 $ 6
Capitalized software and website development costs 61 15 4
Amortization of capitalized software and website development costs 17 5 $ 3
Equipment for Merchants      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total 111 55  
Assets under finance leases 0 4  
Computer Equipment and Software      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total 22 12  
Capitalized Software and Website Development Costs      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total 86 25  
Leasehold Improvements      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total 57 31  
Office Equipment      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total 11 7  
Construction in Progress      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total $ 27 $ 10  
v3.20.4
Balance Sheet Components - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Balance Sheet Related Disclosures [Abstract]    
Litigation reserves $ 178 $ 99
Sales tax payable and accrued sales and indirect taxes 149 51
Accrued operations related expenses 139 40
Accrued advertising 62 24
Dasher and merchant payable 110 27
Credits issued to consumers 28 14
Insurance reserves 55 15
Contract liabilities 108 13
Other 114 62
Total $ 943 $ 345
v3.20.4
Leases (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Leases [Abstract]        
Rent expense, net of sublease income   $ 46 $ 29 $ 10
Sublease rental income as a percent of lease expense 100.00%      
Operating lease impairment charge   11    
Leases not yet commenced   $ 120 $ 246  
v3.20.4
Leases - Components of Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Leases [Abstract]    
Operating lease cost $ 40 $ 22
Short-term lease cost 11 10
Sublease income (5) (3)
Total lease cost $ 46 $ 29
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) 10 years 8 months 12 days 10 years 2 months 12 days
Weighted average discount rate (percent) 8.06% 7.12%
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities    
Operating cash flows for operating leases $ 32 $ 12
Financing cash flows for finance leases 0 1
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities    
Operating leases $ 69 $ 137
v3.20.4
Leases - Future Minimum Lease Payments under Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Leases [Abstract]    
2021 $ 36  
2022 46  
2023 46  
2024 44  
2025 42  
Thereafter 319  
Total future minimum lease payments 533  
Less: Lease not commenced (120) $ (246)
Less: Imputed interest (145)  
Less: Tenant improvement receivable (15)  
Present value of future minimum lease payments $ 253  
v3.20.4
Promissory Notes (Details)
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Feb. 29, 2020
USD ($)
day
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
shares
Oct. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2017
USD ($)
investor
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
General and administrative   $ 556,000,000 $ 245,000,000 $ 78,000,000    
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes, net of issuance costs   333,000,000 0 0    
Promissory Note Issued to Not-for-Profit Organization            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Promissory note receivable         $ 30,000,000  
General and administrative   29,000,000 1,000,000      
Promissory Note Issued to Not-for-Profit Organization | Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Promissory note receivable   0 $ 29,000,000      
2020 Convertible Promissory Notes | Convertible Promissory Notes            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Debt issued $ 340,000,000          
Stated interest rate (percent) 10.00%          
Equity financing minimum for conversion of convertible promissory notes $ 100,000,000          
Convertible debt, carrying amount   364,000,000        
Convertible debt principal   340,000,000        
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes, net of issuance costs 333,000,000          
Debt issuance costs 2,000,000          
Original issue discount $ 5,000,000 5,000,000        
Period before automatic conversion of debt, if latest 1 year          
Number of trading days following a Qualified Public Company Event for automatic conversion of debt, if latest | day 10          
Market capitalization ceiling to trigger conversion of convertible debt to non-convertible debt $ 10,000,000,000          
Market capitalization floor to trigger conversion of convertible debt to shares of common stock $ 10,000,000,000          
Number of trading days for conversion of convertible debt into shares of common stock | day 40          
Unpaid accrued payment-in-kind interest   30,000,000        
Unamortized debt issuance costs   $ 1,000,000        
Convertible Promissory Notes | 2017 Convertible Promissory Notes            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Debt issued           $ 60,000,000
Number of existing investors | investor           2
Number of new investors | investor           1
Stated interest rate (percent)           1.29%
Equity financing minimum for conversion of convertible promissory notes           $ 50,000,000
Converted principal and interest       $ 60,000,000    
Convertible Promissory Notes | 2017 Convertible Promissory Notes | Series D Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]            
Shares issued upon conversion of debt (shares) | shares       11,752,210    
v3.20.4
Commitment and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Nov. 24, 2020
Jun. 08, 2020
Oct. 31, 2020
Mar. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Jul. 31, 2020
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                  
General and administrative           $ 556 $ 245 $ 78  
Indemnification liability         $ 0 0 0    
Dasher Pay Model | General and administrative                  
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                  
Litigation settlement paid $ 3                
Loss contingency           3      
Dasher California and Massachusetts Actions                  
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                  
Litigation settlement   $ 41 $ 89   $ 40        
Dasher and Caviar Delivery Providers Arbitration                  
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                  
Litigation settlement       $ 70          
Escrow deposit                 $ 69
Dasher and Caviar Delivery Providers Arbitration, Additional Agreements                  
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                  
Estimate of litigation settlement           16      
Dasher Worker Misclassification Cases                  
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                  
General and administrative           $ 83 $ 68 $ 11  
v3.20.4
Commitment and Contingencies - Noncancelable Purchase Commitments (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
2021 $ 119
2022 112
2023 104
2024 79
2025 2
Total future minimum payments $ 416
v3.20.4
Commitment and Contingencies - Credit Agreements (Details) - USD ($)
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Nov. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Aug. 31, 2020
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Letters of credit outstanding     $ 30,000,000  
Revolving Credit Facility | Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility Maturing November 19, 2024        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Revolving credit facility, maximum borowing capacity $ 300,000,000      
Unused commitment fee (percent) 0.10%      
Revolving Credit Facility | Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility Maturing November 19, 2024 | Higher of Federal Funds Rate or Composite Overnight Bank Borrowing Rate        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Basis spread on variable rate (percent) 0.50%      
Revolving Credit Facility | Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility Maturing November 19, 2024 | Adjusted One-month LIBOR        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Basis spread on variable rate (percent) 1.00%      
Revolving Credit Facility | Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility Maturing November 19, 2024 | Adjusted LIBOR        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Basis spread on variable rate (percent) 1.00%      
Revolving Credit Facility | Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Guaranty Agreement Maturing August 7, 2025        
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]        
Letters of credit outstanding   $ 44,000,000    
Revolving credit facility, maximum borowing capacity       $ 400,000,000
Incremental revolving loan commitments       $ 100,000,000
Drawn from the revolving credit facility   $ 0 $ 0  
v3.20.4
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock (Details) - USD ($)
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 09, 2020
Dec. 08, 2020
Jun. 30, 2020
May 31, 2019
Feb. 28, 2019
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
May 14, 2019
Feb. 22, 2019
Dec. 31, 2017
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Shares Authorized           0 235,860,000        
Shares Issued           0 230,667,000        
Shares Outstanding           0 230,667,000        
Aggregate Liquidation Preference           $ 0 $ 2,197,000,000        
Carrying Value           0 2,264,000,000        
Adjustments to additional paid in capital for deferral of sale of shares         $ 1,000,000            
Change in fair value of forward contract liability           $ 0 $ 67,000,000 $ 0      
Forward Contracts                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Fair value of forward contract liability       $ 68,000,000 $ 1,000,000            
Other Expense, Net                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Change in fair value of forward contract liability       $ 67,000,000              
Class A common stock                      
Class of Stock [Line Items]                      
Conversion of redeemable convertible preferred stock to common stock in connection with initial publuc offering (shares) 285,000,000 239,269,631                  
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Shares Authorized   240,018,000                  
Shares Issued   238,983,000       0          
Shares Outstanding   238,983,000       0 230,667,000 191,316,000     75,550,000
Aggregate Liquidation Preference   $ 2,579,000,000                  
Carrying Value   $ 2,646,000,000       $ 0 $ 2,264,000,000 $ 985,000,000     $ 200,000,000
Series A-1 redeemable convertible preferred stock                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Shares Authorized   13,330,000                  
Shares Issued   13,330,000                  
Shares Outstanding   13,330,000                  
Shares issued, price per share (in USD)   $ 0.15                  
Per Share Conversion Price   $ 0.15                  
Aggregate Liquidation Preference   $ 2,000,000                  
Carrying Value   $ 7,000,000                  
Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Shares Authorized   27,159,000                  
Shares Issued   27,159,000                  
Shares Outstanding   27,159,000                  
Shares issued, price per share (in USD)   $ 0.73                  
Per Share Conversion Price   $ 0.73                  
Aggregate Liquidation Preference   $ 20,000,000                  
Carrying Value   $ 20,000,000                  
Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Shares Authorized   7,925,000                  
Shares Issued   7,925,000                  
Shares Outstanding   7,925,000                  
Shares issued, price per share (in USD)   $ 5.68                  
Per Share Conversion Price   $ 5.48                  
Aggregate Liquidation Preference   $ 45,000,000                  
Carrying Value   $ 45,000,000                  
Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Shares Authorized   26,839,000                  
Shares Issued   26,839,000                  
Shares Outstanding   26,839,000                  
Shares issued, price per share (in USD)   $ 4.79                  
Per Share Conversion Price   $ 4.79                  
Aggregate Liquidation Preference   $ 128,000,000                  
Carrying Value   $ 128,000,000                  
Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Shares Authorized   98,008,000                  
Shares Issued   98,008,000                  
Shares Outstanding   98,008,000                  
Shares issued, price per share (in USD) $ 5.50688 $ 5.51                  
Per Share Conversion Price   $ 5.51                  
Aggregate Liquidation Preference   $ 540,000,000                  
Carrying Value   $ 535,000,000                  
Shares issued via conversion of convertible promissory notes issued in 2017 (in USD) $ 4.78778                    
Series E redeemable convertible preferred stock                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Shares Authorized   18,055,000                  
Shares Issued   18,055,000                  
Shares Outstanding   18,055,000                  
Shares issued, price per share (in USD)   $ 13.85                  
Per Share Conversion Price   $ 13.85                  
Aggregate Liquidation Preference   $ 250,000,000                  
Carrying Value   $ 250,000,000                  
Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Shares Authorized   18,186,000                  
Shares Issued   18,186,000                  
Shares Outstanding   18,186,000                  
Shares issued, price per share (in USD)   $ 22.48                  
Per Share Conversion Price   $ 22.48                  
Aggregate Liquidation Preference   $ 409,000,000                  
Carrying Value   $ 476,000,000                  
Number of preferred shares issued in subsequent transaction (in shares)       4,449,370 13,736,615            
Sale of stock, price per share (in USD)         $ 22.4751            
Gross proceeds from sale of shares     $ 382,000,000   $ 309,000,000            
Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock | Forward Contracts                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Fair value of forward contract liability                 $ 68,000,000 $ 1,000,000  
Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock | Investor                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Number of preferred shares issued in subsequent transaction (in shares)       4,449,370              
Gross proceeds from sale of shares       $ 100,000,000              
Series G redeemable convertible preferred stock                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Shares Authorized   21,165,000                  
Shares Issued   21,165,000                  
Shares Outstanding   21,165,000                  
Shares issued, price per share (in USD)   $ 37.94                  
Per Share Conversion Price   $ 37.94                  
Aggregate Liquidation Preference   $ 803,000,000                  
Carrying Value   $ 803,000,000                  
Series H redeemable convertible preferred stock                      
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock [Abstract]                      
Shares Authorized   9,351,000                  
Shares Issued   8,316,000                  
Shares Outstanding   8,316,000                  
Shares issued, price per share (in USD)   $ 45.91                  
Per Share Conversion Price   $ 45.91                  
Aggregate Liquidation Preference   $ 382,000,000                  
Carrying Value   $ 382,000,000                  
Number of preferred shares issued in subsequent transaction (in shares)     8,321,395                
Sale of stock, price per share (in USD)     $ 45.9062                
v3.20.4
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock - Forward Contract Liability (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 1 Months Ended
May 14, 2019
USD ($)
forwardContractPerShare
$ / shares
Feb. 22, 2019
USD ($)
forwardContractPerShare
$ / shares
May 31, 2019
USD ($)
shares
Feb. 28, 2019
USD ($)
shares
Dec. 31, 2020
shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]          
Preferred stock, issued (shares)         0
Preferred stock, outstanding (shares)         0
Forward Contracts          
Class of Stock [Line Items]          
Fair value of forward contract liability | $     $ 68 $ 1  
Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock          
Class of Stock [Line Items]          
Current forward price per share (in USD per share) | $ / shares $ 37.76 $ 22.48      
Contractual forward price per share (in USD per share) | $ / shares $ 22.48 $ 22.48      
Number of preferred shares issued in subsequent transaction (in shares)     4,449,370 13,736,615  
Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock | Forward Contracts          
Class of Stock [Line Items]          
Fair value of forward contract liability | $ $ 68 $ 1      
Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock | Contract Value | Forward Contracts          
Class of Stock [Line Items]          
Derivative liability, measurement input | forwardContractPerShare 15.28 0.13      
Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock | Risk-Free Interest Rate | Forward Contracts          
Class of Stock [Line Items]          
Derivative liability, measurement input 0.0241 0.0246      
Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock | Expected Term | Forward Contracts          
Class of Stock [Line Items]          
Expected years until subsequent closing 0 years 2 months 23 days      
Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock | Present Value | Forward Contracts          
Class of Stock [Line Items]          
Derivative liability, measurement input | forwardContractPerShare 22.48 22.35      
v3.20.4
Common Stock - Reserved for Future Issuance (Details) - shares
shares in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Common stock reserved for future issuance on an as-converted basis (in shares) 107,450 293,602
Conversion of outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Common stock reserved for future issuance on an as-converted basis (in shares) 0 230,953
Stock options issued and outstanding under the 2014 Plan    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Common stock reserved for future issuance on an as-converted basis (in shares) 33,802 36,247
RSUs outstanding under the 2014 and 2020 Plan    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Common stock reserved for future issuance on an as-converted basis (in shares) 34,939 15,924
Remaining shares available for future issuance    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Common stock reserved for future issuance on an as-converted basis (in shares) 32,210 10,478
Shares available for issuance under the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Common stock reserved for future issuance on an as-converted basis (in shares) 6,499 0
v3.20.4
Common Stock - Additional Information (Details)
$ in Millions
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 01, 2021
shares
Dec. 09, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 08, 2020
day
Nov. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
shares
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Stock-based compensation expense         $ 322 $ 18 $ 24
Options granted (in shares) | shares         0    
Stock Options              
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Award vesting period         4 years    
Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options         $ 20    
Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options, remaining period for recognition         1 year 3 months 21 days    
RSUs              
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Award vesting period         4 years    
Stock-based compensation expense   $ 279          
Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options         $ 710    
Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options, remaining period for recognition         2 years 10 months 28 days    
RSUs | Service-based Vesting Condition              
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Award vesting period       4 years 4 years    
2014 Stock Option Plan | Stock Options              
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Option term         10 years    
Option grant price as percent of fair value of stock price (not less than)         100.00%    
Award vesting period         4 years    
2014 Stock Option Plan | Incentive Stock Option Grant to a Greater than 10% Stockholder              
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Option term         5 years    
Option grant price as percent of fair value of stock price (not less than)         110.00%    
2020 Equity Incentive Plan              
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Number of business days prior to effective date of registration statement that the 2020 Plan became effective | day     1        
2020 Equity Incentive Plan | Class A Common Stock | Subsequent Event              
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Additional shares authorized (in shares) | shares 32,493,000            
Percent of outstanding shares 5.00%            
2020 Equity Incentive Plan | Stock Options              
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Option term         10 years    
Option grant price as percent of fair value of stock price (not less than)         100.00%    
Award vesting period         4 years    
2020 Equity Incentive Plan | Incentive Stock Option Grant to a Greater than 10% Stockholder              
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Option term         5 years    
Option grant price as percent of fair value of stock price (not less than)         110.00%    
v3.20.4
Common Stock - Shares Available for Grant (Details)
shares in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Options forfeited (in shares) 254
Shares withheld related to net share settlement (shares) 65
RSUs  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Stock units granted (in shares) (20,126)
Forfeited (in shares) 1,046
2014 and 2020 Plans  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Shares Available for Grant, beginning balance (in shares) 10,478
Shares authorized (in shares) 40,493
Options forfeited (in shares) 254
Shares Available for Grant, ending balance (in shares) 32,210
2014 and 2020 Plans | RSUs  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Stock units granted (in shares) (20,126)
Forfeited (in shares) 1,046
v3.20.4
Common Stock - CEO Performance Awards (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 09, 2020
USD ($)
Nov. 30, 2020
USD ($)
tranche
employee
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
$ / shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Stock-based compensation expense | $     $ 322 $ 18 $ 24
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Grants (in shares) | shares   10,379,000      
Award vesting period   18 months      
Award contractual term   7 years      
Number of vesting tranches | tranche   9      
Number of consecutive trading days included in stock target price measurement period | employee   180      
Grants (in dollars per share)   $ 39.8275      
Stock compensation expense to be recognized over the derived service period of each tranche | $     401    
Stock-based compensation expense | $     $ 12    
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer | Tranche 1          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Company stock price target (in dollars per share)   $ 187.60      
Number of RSUs eligible to vest (in shares) | shares   518,950      
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer | Tranche 2          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Company stock price target (in dollars per share)   $ 226.80      
Number of RSUs eligible to vest (in shares) | shares   518,950      
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer | Tranche 3          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Company stock price target (in dollars per share)   $ 265.80      
Number of RSUs eligible to vest (in shares) | shares   1,037,900      
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer | Tranche 4          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Company stock price target (in dollars per share)   $ 305.00      
Number of RSUs eligible to vest (in shares) | shares   1,037,900      
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer | Tranche 5          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Company stock price target (in dollars per share)   $ 344.00      
Number of RSUs eligible to vest (in shares) | shares   1,037,900      
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer | Tranche 6          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Company stock price target (in dollars per share)   $ 383.00      
Number of RSUs eligible to vest (in shares) | shares   1,556,850      
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer | Tranche 7          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Company stock price target (in dollars per share)   $ 422.20      
Number of RSUs eligible to vest (in shares) | shares   1,556,850      
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer | Tranche 8          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Company stock price target (in dollars per share)   $ 461.20      
Number of RSUs eligible to vest (in shares) | shares   1,556,850      
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer | Tranche 9          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Company stock price target (in dollars per share)   $ 501.00      
Number of RSUs eligible to vest (in shares) | shares   1,556,850      
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer | Minimum          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Company stock price target (in dollars per share)   $ 187.60      
Derived service period of award   2 years 6 months 10 days      
CEO Performance Award | 2014 Equity Incentive Plan | Chief Executive Officer | Maximum          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Company stock price target (in dollars per share)   $ 501.00      
Derived service period of award   4 years 5 months 1 day      
RSUs          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Grants (in shares) | shares     20,126,000    
Award vesting period     4 years    
Number of RSUs eligible to vest (in shares) | shares     28,366,000 15,924,000  
Grants (in dollars per share)     $ 56.27 $ 27.31 $ 7.86
Stock compensation expense to be recognized over the derived service period of each tranche | $     $ 710    
Stock-based compensation expense | $ $ 279        
Unrecognized stock-based compensation, remaining period for recognition     2 years 10 months 28 days    
RSUs | Chief Executive Officer          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Aggregate grant date fair value | $   $ 413      
v3.20.4
Common Stock - Options Outstanding (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward]      
Shares subject to options outstanding, beginning balance (in shares) 36,247,000    
Options granted (in shares) 0    
Options exercised (in shares) (2,191,000)    
Options forfeited (in shares) (254,000)    
Shares subject to options outstanding, ending balance (in shares) 33,802,000 36,247,000  
Exercisable (in shares) 28,291,000    
Vested and expected to vest (in shares) 33,802,000    
Weighted Average Exercise Price [Abstract]      
Shares subject to options outstanding, weighted-average exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 2.42 $ 2.38  
Options granted (in dollars per share) 0    
Options exercised (in dollars per share) 1.90    
Options forfeited (in dollars per share) 1.94    
Exercisable (in dollars per share) 1.95    
Vested and expected to vest (in dollars per share) $ 2.42    
Options outstanding, weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) 5 years 11 months 1 day 6 years 11 months 1 day  
Exercisable, weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) 5 years 7 months 9 days    
Vested and expected to vest, weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) 5 years 11 months 1 day    
Options outstanding, aggregate instrinsic value $ 4,744 $ 1,070  
Options exercised, aggregate intrinsic value 129 $ 47 $ 24
Exercisable, aggregate intrinsic value 3,983    
Vested and expected to vest, aggregate intrinsic value $ 4,744    
Options granted, weighted-average grant date fair value (in dollars per share) $ 0 $ 11.78 $ 2.74
Unvested shares related to early option exercises (in shares) 0 0  
v3.20.4
Common Stock - Restricted Stock unit Activity (Details) - Unvested restricted stock units - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Non-Option Equity Instruments, Outstanding [Roll Forward]      
Unvested units, beginning balance (in shares) 15,924    
Grants (in shares) 20,126    
Vested (in shares) (6,573) 0 0
Vested and settled (in shares) (65)    
Restricted stock units forfeited (in shares) (1,046)    
Unvested units, ending balance (in shares) 28,366 15,924  
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Abstract]      
Grants (in dollars per share) $ 56.27 $ 27.31 $ 7.86
Vested (in dollars per share) 17.40    
Vested and settled (in dollars per share) 10.68    
Forfeited (in dollars per share) $ 29.14    
Aggregate instrinsic value $ 4,049 $ 508  
v3.20.4
Common Stock - Assumptions Used to Estimate Fair Value of Stock Options (Details)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Expected volatility, minimum   53.73% 54.10%
Expected volatility, maximum   53.85% 57.64%
Risk-free rate, minimum   2.35% 2.49%
Risk-free rate, maximum   2.36% 3.08%
Dividend yield 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Minimum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Expected term (in years)   5 years 10 months 28 days 5 years
Maximum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Expected term (in years)   6 years 10 days 6 years 1 month 6 days
v3.20.4
Common Stock - Stock-based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Total stock-based compensation expense $ 322 $ 18 $ 24
Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Total stock-based compensation expense 31 2 3
Sales and marketing      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Total stock-based compensation expense 37 2 3
Research and development      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Total stock-based compensation expense 171 8 11
General and administrative      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Total stock-based compensation expense $ 83 $ 6 $ 7
v3.20.4
Common Stock - Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Details)
Jan. 01, 2021
shares
Dec. 31, 2020
purchasePeriod
shares
Dec. 31, 2019
shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Common stock reserved for sales under the ESPP (in shares)   107,450,000 293,602,000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Number of open purchase periods under the ESPP | purchasePeriod   0  
2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Class A Common Stock | Employee Stock Purchase Plan      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Common stock reserved for sales under the ESPP (in shares)   6,498,600  
2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Subsequent Event | Class A Common Stock | Employee Stock Purchase Plan      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Additional shares authorized (in shares) 6,498,600    
Percent of outstanding shares 1.50%    
v3.20.4
Tender Offer and Stock Repurchases (Details)
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2018
USD ($)
shares
Sep. 30, 2018
USD ($)
$ / shares
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
employee
shares
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]      
Repurchase and retirement of stock     $ 60,000,000
Common Stock      
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]      
Repurchase and retirement of stock (shares) | shares     7,208,000
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock      
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]      
Repurchase and retirement of stock     $ 3,000,000
September 2018 Repurchase Program      
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]      
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount   $ 100,000,000  
Repurchase and retirement of stock $ 62,000,000    
September 2018 Repurchase Program | Common Stock      
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]      
Stock repurchase program, price per share (USD per share) | $ / shares   $ 8.40  
Repurchase and retirement of stock (shares) | shares 7,014,335    
Purchase price of shares in excess of fair value $ 9,000,000    
September 2018 Repurchase Program | Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock      
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]      
Stock repurchase program, price per share (USD per share) | $ / shares   $ 9.60  
September 2018 Repurchase Program | Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock      
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]      
Repurchase and retirement of stock (shares) | shares 189,685    
Purchase price of shares in excess of carrying value $ 3,000,000    
September 2018 Repurchase Program | Series A-1 Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock      
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]      
Repurchase and retirement of stock (shares) | shares 107,600    
Separation Arrangement      
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]      
Repurchase and retirement of stock (shares) | shares     193,775
Number of employees included in stock repurchase arrangement | employee     2
v3.20.4
Income Taxes - Components of Consolidated Income (Loss) before Taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]      
United States $ (463) $ (666) $ (204)
Foreign 5 0 0
Loss before income taxes (458) (666) (204)
Provision for income taxes $ 3 $ 1 $ 0
v3.20.4
Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Federal Income Tax Rate (Details)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]      
Federal tax (benefit) at statutory rate 21.00% 21.00% 21.00%
State tax (benefit) at statutory rate, net of federal benefit 3.00% 4.00% 4.00%
Change in valuation allowance (21.00%) (23.00%) (25.00%)
Stock-based compensation (2.00%) 0.00% (1.00%)
Research and development credits 3.00% 1.00% 1.00%
Change in fair value of forward contract liability 0.00% (3.00%) 0.00%
Non-deductible expenses (3.00%) 0.00% 0.00%
Non-deductible interest expense 2.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Provision for income taxes (1.00%) 0.00% 0.00%
v3.20.4
Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Deferred Income Tax [Line Items]    
Deferred tax liabilities for foreign withholding taxes $ 0  
Deferred tax assets    
Accruals and reserves 95 $ 44
Stock-based compensation 72 5
Tax credits carryforward 23 12
Operating leases 64 46
Net operating losses carryforward 180 200
Total gross deferred tax assets 434 307
Less: Valuation allowance (357) (260)
Total deferred tax assets net of valuation allowance 77 47
Deferred tax liabilities    
Property and equipment and intangible assets (19) 0
ROU assets (51) (42)
Deferred contract costs (10) (5)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities (80) (47)
Other Liabilities    
Deferred tax liabilities    
Net deferred tax liabilities $ (3) $ 0
v3.20.4
Income Taxes - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]    
Increase in valuation allowance $ 97 $ 154
Federal net operating loss carryforward 689  
State net operating loss carryforward 547  
Federal net operating loss carryforward not subject to expiration 629  
California | Research and Development Tax Credit Carryforward    
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]    
Tax credit carryforwards $ 12  
Federal    
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]    
Net operating loss carryforward, limitation, as percent of net income 80.00%  
Federal | Research and Development Tax Credit Carryforward    
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]    
Tax credit carryforwards $ 19  
v3.20.4
Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]      
Unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would result in adjustments to the valuation allowance $ 7 $ 7  
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]      
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year 7 3 $ 1
Increases related to current year tax positions 3 4 2
Decreases related to prior year tax positions (3) 0 0
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year 7 7 3
Unrecognized tax benefits, income tax penalties and interest accrued $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
v3.20.4
Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Class of Stock [Line Items]      
Net loss $ (461) $ (667) $ (204)
Less: Premium paid on repurchase of redeemable convertible preferred stock 0 0 (3)
Less: Deemed dividend to preferred stockholders 0 (1) 0
Net loss attributable to common stockholders $ (461) $ (668) $ (207)
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted (in shares) 62,390 43,252 44,305
Net loss per share attributabe to common stockholders, basic and diluted ($ per share) $ (7.39) $ (15.44) $ (4.67)
Common Stock      
Class of Stock [Line Items]      
Net loss   $ (667) $ (204)
Less: Premium paid on repurchase of redeemable convertible preferred stock   0 (3)
Less: Deemed dividend to preferred stockholders   (1) 0
Net loss attributable to common stockholders   $ (668) $ (207)
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted (in shares)   43,252 44,305
Net loss per share attributabe to common stockholders, basic and diluted ($ per share)   $ (15.44) $ (4.67)
Common Stock | Class A Common Stock      
Class of Stock [Line Items]      
Net loss $ (446)    
Less: Premium paid on repurchase of redeemable convertible preferred stock 0    
Less: Deemed dividend to preferred stockholders 0    
Net loss attributable to common stockholders $ (446)    
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted (in shares) 60,422    
Net loss per share attributabe to common stockholders, basic and diluted ($ per share) $ (7.39)    
Common Stock | Class B Common Stock      
Class of Stock [Line Items]      
Net loss $ (15)    
Less: Premium paid on repurchase of redeemable convertible preferred stock 0    
Less: Deemed dividend to preferred stockholders 0    
Net loss attributable to common stockholders $ (15)    
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted (in shares) 1,968    
Net loss per share attributabe to common stockholders, basic and diluted ($ per share) $ (7.39)    
v3.20.4
Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders - Antidilutive Securities (Details) - shares
shares in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Potential dilutive securities (shares) 54,384 283,124 236,883
Redeemable convertible preferred stock (on an as-converted basis)      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Potential dilutive securities (shares) 0 230,953 191,602
Stock options to purchase common stock      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Potential dilutive securities (shares) 33,802 36,247 39,191
Unvested restricted stock units      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Potential dilutive securities (shares) 17,987 15,924 6,065
Common stock subject to repurchase      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Potential dilutive securities (shares) 0 0 25
Convertible promissory notes      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Potential dilutive securities (shares) 2,595 0 0
v3.20.4
Subsequent Events (Details)
$ in Millions
 1 Months Ended
Feb. 28, 2021
USD ($)
Subsequent Event | Convertible Promissory Notes | 2020 Convertible Promissory Notes  
Subsequent Event [Line Items]  
Outstanding principal and accrued interest repaid $ 375