Document and Entity Information	12 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information	Dec. 31, 2021 shares
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	20-F
Document Registration Statement	false
Document Annual Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2021
Entity File Number	001-40541
Entity Registrant Name	DiDi Global Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	E9
Entity Address, Address Line One	No. 1 Block B
Entity Address, Adress Line Two	Shangdong Digital Valley
Entity Address, Address Line Three	No. 8 Dongbeiwang West Road
Entity Address, City or Town	Beijing
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Central Index Key	0001764757
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2021
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Auditor Name	PricewaterhouseCoopers Zhong Tian LLP
Auditor Location	Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
Auditor Firm ID	1424
Entity Address, Country	CN
Document Accounting Standard	U.S. GAAP
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	false
Document Shell Company Report	false
Business Contact [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Address, Address Line One	No. 1 Block B
Entity Address, Adress Line Two	Shangdong Digital Valley
Entity Address, Address Line Three	No. 8 Dongbeiwang West Road
Entity Address, City or Town	Beijing
City Area Code	86 10
Local Phone Number	8304-3181
Entity Address, Country	CN
Contact Personnel Name	Alan Yue Zhuo
Contact Personnel Email Address	ir@didiglobal.com
American depositary shares (four American depositary shares representing one Class A ordinary share, par value US$0.00002 per share)
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	American depositary shares (fourAmerican depositary sharesrepresenting one Class A ordinaryshare, par value US$0.00002 pershare)
Trading Symbol	DIDI
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Class A ordinary shares
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A ordinary shares, par valueUS$0.00002 per share*
Trading Symbol	DIDI
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	1,088,474,533
Class B ordinary Shares
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	117,335,836

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	¥ 43,429,717	$ 6,815,070	¥ 19,372,084
Restricted cash	443,758	69,635	2,237,693
Short-term investments	13,343,754	2,093,926	37,688,535
Accounts and notes receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of RMB556,360 and RMB650,888, respectively	2,831,123	444,265	2,437,821
Loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of RMB146,432 and RMB604,506, respectively	4,644,298	728,792	2,878,229
Amounts due from related parties	115,239	18,084	103,130
Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net	3,957,975	621,093	3,913,165
Total current assets	68,765,864	10,790,865	68,630,657
Non current assets:
Investment securities and other investments	18,634,493	2,924,159	4,260,564
Long-term investments, net	4,614,724	724,151	7,105,022
Operating lease right-of-use assets	1,287,550	202,045	1,931,308
Property and equipment, net	8,000,218	1,255,409	9,759,718
Intangible assets, net	3,286,145	515,668	5,357,118
Goodwill	46,377,583	7,277,655	49,124,172
Non current restricted cash	107,597	16,884	20,962
Deferred tax assets, net	224,491	35,228	190,951
Other non-current assets, net	1,699,470	266,682	884,923
Total non-current assets	84,232,271	13,217,881	78,634,738
Total assets	152,998,135	24,008,746	147,265,395
Current liabilities (including amounts of the VIEs and their subsidiaries without recourse to the primary beneficiary of RMB18,768,179 and RMB10,601,697 as of December 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively):
Short-term borrowings	6,838,328	1,073,083	5,826,562
Accounts and notes payable	4,624,953	725,756	7,352,977
Deferred revenue and customer advances	546,003	85,680	915,430
Operating lease liabilities, current portion	516,877	81,109	678,863
Amounts due to related parties	249,402	39,137	281,873
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	11,647,222	1,827,703	11,303,960
Total current liabilities	24,422,785	3,832,468	26,359,665
Noncurrent liabilities (including amounts of the VIEs and their subsidiaries without recourse to the primary beneficiary of RMB779,517 and RMB262,183 as of December 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively):
Long-term borrowings	1,681,370	263,844	1,453,222
Operating lease liabilities, non-current portion	654,877	102,764	1,171,642
Deferred tax liabilities	485,778	76,229	843,715
Other non-current liabilities	306,575	48,108	287,554
Total non-current liabilities	3,128,600	490,945	3,756,133
Total liabilities	27,551,385	4,323,413	30,115,798
Commitments and contingencies
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			189,838,979
Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests	12,257,889	1,923,530	3,345,265
Convertible non-controlling interests	1,069,357	167,806	99,851
Total Mezzanine Equity	13,327,246	2,091,336	193,284,095
DiDi Global Inc. shareholders' equity (deficit):
Ordinary shares			16
Treasury shares	(3)		(2)
Additional paid-in capital	251,384,835	39,447,766	12,177,849
Statutory reserves	27,917	4,381	16,503
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(3,599,745)	(564,879)	(2,001,200)
Accumulated deficit	(135,766,257)	(21,304,688)	(86,411,179)
Total DiDi Global Inc. shareholders' equity (deficit)	112,046,903	17,582,604	(76,218,013)
Non-controlling interests	72,601	11,393	83,515
Total shareholders' equity (deficit)	112,119,504	17,593,997	(76,134,498)
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and shareholders' equity (deficit)	152,998,135	24,008,746	147,265,395
Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			851,990
Series A-2 Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			641,634
Series A-3 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			748,498
Series A-4 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			2,237,896
Series A-5 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			1,561,239
Series A-6 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			2,912,703
Series A-7 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			1,399,356
Series A-8 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			1,216,500
Series A-9 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			340,933
Series A-10 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			1,710,976
Series A-11 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			2,749,110
Series A-12 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			907,676
Series A-13 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			1,506,907
Series A-14 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			1,316,637
Series A-15 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			3,876,873
Series A-16 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			1,476,708
Series A-17 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			18,054,207
Series A-18 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			27,795,281
Series B-1 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			46,190,436
Series B-2 Convertible Preferred Shares [Member]
Mezzanine equity
Convertible preferred shares			¥ 72,343,419
Common Class A [Member]
DiDi Global Inc. shareholders' equity (deficit):
Ordinary shares	141	22
Common Class B [Member]
DiDi Global Inc. shareholders' equity (deficit):
Ordinary shares	¥ 15	$ 2

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥) shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥) shares	Dec. 31, 2020 $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2019 $ / shares
Accounts and notes receivable, allowance for credit losses \| ¥	¥ 650,888		¥ 556,360
Loans receivable, allowance for credit losses \| ¥	604,506		146,432
Current liabilities	24,422,785	$ 3,832,468	26,359,665
Non-current liabilities	¥ 3,128,600	$ 490,945	¥ 3,756,133
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued			816,245,752
Common stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		$ 0.00002
Common stock, shares authorized	5,000,000,000	5,000,000,000	1,617,583,821
Common stock, shares issued	1,205,810,369	1,205,810,369	124,067,444
Common stock, shares outstanding	1,182,633,848	1,182,633,848	108,531,508
VIE \| Nonrecourse [Member]
Current liabilities \| ¥	¥ 10,601,697		¥ 18,768,179
Non-current liabilities \| ¥	¥ 262,183		¥ 779,517
Series A-1 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002	$ 0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	12,180,250
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	12,180,250
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	12,180,250
Series A-2 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002	0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	9,145,501
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	9,145,501
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	9,145,501
Series A-3 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002	0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	10,668,684
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	10,668,684
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	10,668,684
Series A-4 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002	$ 0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	33,711,135
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	31,230,930
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	31,230,930
Series A-5 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	21,161,516
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	21,161,516
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	21,161,516
Series A-6 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	41,028,543
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	37,347,909
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	37,347,909
Series A-7 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	20,000,000
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	20,000,000
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	20,000,000
Series A-8 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	19,472,617
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	17,379,861
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	17,379,861
Series A-9 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	4,868,156
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	4,868,156
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	4,868,156
Series A-10 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	24,340,774
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	24,340,774
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	24,340,774
Series A-11 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	27,045,302
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	24,857,612
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	24,857,612
Series A-12 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	14,401,625
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	12,785,758
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	12,785,758
Series A-13 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	20,915,034
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	20,915,034
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	20,915,034
Series A-14 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	17,777,778
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	17,777,778
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	17,777,778
Series A-15 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	54,592,596
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	50,668,208
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	50,668,208
Series A-16 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	12,756,674
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	12,756,674
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	12,756,674
Series A-17 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares				0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	116,676,790
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	105,526,193
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	105,526,193
Series A-18 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares				0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	117,717,535
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	111,420,744
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	111,420,744
Series B-1 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares				0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	58,530,879
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	58,530,879
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	58,530,879
Series B-2 convertible preferred shares
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value \| $ / shares				0.00002
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized	0	0	245,424,790
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued	0	0	212,683,291
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0	212,683,291
Common Class A [Member]
Common stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		0.00002
Common stock, shares authorized	4,000,000,000	4,000,000,000	0
Common stock, shares issued	1,088,474,533	1,088,474,533	0
Common stock, shares outstanding	1,074,091,492	1,074,091,492	0
Common Class B [Member]
Common stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		$ 0.00002
Common stock, shares authorized	500,000,000	500,000,000	0
Common stock, shares issued	117,335,836	117,335,836	0
Common stock, shares outstanding	108,542,356	108,542,356	0

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥) ¥ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥) ¥ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥) ¥ / shares shares
Revenues
Total revenues	¥ 173,827,382	$ 27,277,309	¥ 141,736,152	¥ 154,786,128
Costs and expenses
Cost of revenues	(156,863,229)	(24,615,264)	(125,824,104)	(139,664,754)
Operations and support	(7,525,398)	(1,180,899)	(4,695,716)	(4,077,917)
Sales and marketing	(16,961,328)	(2,661,602)	(11,136,486)	(7,494,528)
Research and development	(9,414,646)	(1,477,363)	(6,316,802)	(5,347,420)
General and administrative	(28,715,206)	(4,506,043)	(7,550,986)	(6,214,886)
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets	(2,789,321)	(437,705)
Total costs and expenses	(222,269,128)	(34,878,876)	(155,524,094)	(162,799,505)
Loss from operations	(48,441,746)	(7,601,567)	(13,787,942)	(8,013,377)
Interest income	818,522	128,444	1,228,580	1,361,129
Interest expense	(277,596)	(43,561)	(136,347)	(70,317)
Investment income (loss), net	(167,121)	(26,225)	2,833,334	(476,347)
Impairment loss for equity investments accounted for using Measurement Alternative \| ¥			(1,022,098)	(1,450,840)
Loss from equity method investments, net	(475,851)	(74,671)	(1,057,427)	(979,177)
Other income (loss), net	(624,466)	(97,992)	1,031,160	(452,120)
Loss before income taxes	(49,168,258)	(7,715,572)	(10,910,740)	(10,081,049)
Income tax benefits (expenses)	(166,320)	(26,099)	303,202	348,008
Net loss	(49,334,578)	(7,741,671)	(10,607,538)	(9,733,041)
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to non controlling interest shareholders	9,086	1,426	(93,040)	(4,582)
Net loss attributable to DiDi Global Inc.	(49,343,664)	(7,743,097)	(10,514,498)	(9,728,459)
Accretion of convertible redeemable noncontrolling interests to redemption value	(687,617)	(107,902)	(165,047)
Deemed dividends to preferred shareholders upon repurchases of convertible preferred shares \| ¥			(872)
Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of DiDi Global Inc.	(50,031,281)	(7,850,999)	(10,680,417)	(9,728,459)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax of nil	(1,593,734)	(250,092)	(5,926,301)	1,225,463
Share of other comprehensive income (loss) of equity method investees	(4,811)	(755)	190	895
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,598,545)	(250,847)	(5,926,111)	1,226,358
Total comprehensive loss	(50,933,123)	(7,992,518)	(16,533,649)	(8,506,683)
Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest shareholders	9,086	1,426	(93,040)	(4,582)
Comprehensive loss attributable to DiDi Global Inc.	(50,942,209)	(7,993,944)	(16,440,609)	(8,502,101)
Accretion of convertible redeemable noncontrolling interests to redemption value	(687,617)	(107,902)	(165,047)
Deemed dividends to preferred shareholders upon repurchases of convertible preferred shares \| ¥			(872)
Comprehensive loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of DiDi Global Inc.	¥ (51,629,826)	$ (8,101,846)	¥ (16,606,528)	¥ (8,502,101)
Weighted average number of ADS used in computing net loss per ADS
- Basic	657,996,437	657,996,437	106,694,420	100,684,581
- Diluted	657,996,437	657,996,437	106,694,420	100,684,581
Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders
- Basic \| (per share)	¥ (76.04)	$ (11.93)	¥ (100.10)	¥ (96.62)
- Diluted \| (per share)	¥ (76.04)	$ (11.93)	¥ (100.10)	¥ (96.62)
ADS
Weighted average number of ADS used in computing net loss per ADS
- Basic	2,631,985,748	2,631,985,748	426,777,680	402,738,324
- Diluted	2,631,985,748	2,631,985,748	426,777,680	402,738,324
Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders
- Basic \| (per share)	¥ (19.01)	$ (2.98)	¥ (25.03)	¥ (24.16)
- Diluted \| (per share)	¥ (19.01)	$ (2.98)	¥ (25.03)	¥ (24.16)
China Mobility
Revenues
Total revenues	¥ 160,520,747	$ 25,189,208	¥ 133,645,113	¥ 147,939,618
International
Revenues
Total revenues	3,622,366	568,428	2,333,113	1,974,723
Other Initiatives
Revenues
Total revenues	¥ 9,684,269	$ 1,519,673	¥ 5,757,926	¥ 4,871,787

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (Parenthetical) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Foreign currency translation adjustments, tax	¥ 0	¥ 0	¥ 0

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Ordinary Shares CNY (¥) shares	Ordinary Shares USD ($) shares	Treasury Shares CNY (¥) shares	Additional paid-in capital CNY (¥)	Additional paid-in capital USD ($)	Statutory reserves CNY (¥)	Statutory reserves USD ($)	Accumulated Other Comprehensive (loss) income Impact of adoption of new accounting standards CNY (¥)	Accumulated Other Comprehensive (loss) income CNY (¥)	Accumulated Other Comprehensive (loss) income USD ($)	Accumulated deficit Impact of adoption of new accounting standards CNY (¥)	Accumulated deficit CNY (¥)	Accumulated deficit USD ($)	Non-controlling interests CNY (¥)	Non-controlling interests USD ($)	Impact of adoption of new accounting standards CNY (¥)	CNY (¥)	USD ($)
Balance, beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2018	¥ 13		¥ (1)	¥ 5,804,571		¥ 3,415			¥ 2,503,954			¥ (65,815,884)		¥ 36,337			¥ (57,467,595)
Balance, beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018 \| shares	105,796,976	105,796,976	(8,734,532)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share based compensation				3,140,016													3,140,016
Release of shares from trusts			¥ 1	(1)
Release of shares from trusts (in shares) \| shares			4,775,362
Appropriation to statutory reserves						3,929						(3,929)
Capital injection from non-controlling interests shareholders														144,800			144,800
Share of other comprehensive income of equity method investees									895								895
Foreign currency translation adjustments									1,225,463								1,225,463
Net loss												(9,728,459)		(4,582)			(9,733,041)
Balance, end of period at Dec. 31, 2019	¥ 13			8,944,586		7,344		¥ 194,599	3,924,911		¥ (194,599)	(75,742,871)		176,555			(62,689,462)
Balance, end of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019 \| shares	105,796,976	105,796,976	(3,959,170)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share based compensation				3,413,292													3,413,292
Issuance of shares to trusts upon exercise of share options	¥ 3		¥ (2)	2,170,238													2,170,239
Issuance of shares to trusts upon exercise of share options (in shares) \| shares	25,905,827	25,905,827	(13,379,655)
Settlement for net exercise of share options				(2,184,348)													(2,184,348)
Settlement for net exercise of share options (in shares) \| shares	(7,635,359)	(7,635,359)
Release of shares from trusts (in shares) \| shares			1,802,889
Deemed dividends to preferred shareholders upon repurchases of convertible preferred shares				(872)													(872)
Appropriation to statutory reserves						9,159						(9,159)
Share of other comprehensive income of equity method investees									190								190
Foreign currency translation adjustments									(5,926,301)								(5,926,301)
Accretion of convertible redeemable non-controlling interests to redemption value				(165,047)													(165,047)
Net loss												(10,514,498)		(93,040)			(10,607,538)
Balance, end of period at Dec. 31, 2020	¥ 16		¥ (2)	12,177,849		16,503			(2,001,200)		¥ (144,651)	(86,411,179)		83,515		¥ (144,651)	(76,134,498)
Balance, end of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020 \| shares	124,067,444	124,067,444	(15,535,936)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share based compensation				24,654,583													24,654,583
Share-based awards granted to employees of an equity investee				178,506													178,506
Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering, net of issuance cost	¥ 10			28,033,096													28,033,106
Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering, net of issuance cost (in shares) \| shares	79,200,000	79,200,000
Conversion of convertible preferred shares to ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering	¥ 121			189,838,858													189,838,979
Conversion of convertible preferred shares to ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering (in shares) \| shares	933,307,510	933,307,510
Issuance of shares to trusts upon exercise of share options	¥ 10		¥ (9)	91													92
Issuance of shares to trusts upon exercise of share options (in shares) \| shares	78,257,584	78,257,584	(68,616,887)
Settlement for net exercise of share options	¥ (1)			(2,591,520)													(2,591,521)
Settlement for net exercise of share options (in shares) \| shares	(8,324,699)	(8,324,699)
Release of shares from trusts			¥ 8	(8)
Release of shares from trusts (in shares) \| shares			60,976,302
Repurchase of ordinary shares				(219,003)													(219,003)
Repurchase of ordinary shares (in shares) \| shares	(697,470)	(697,470)
Appropriation to statutory reserves						11,414						(11,414)
Share of other comprehensive income of equity method investees									(4,811)								(4,811)	$ (755)
Foreign currency translation adjustments									(1,593,734)								(1,593,734)	(250,092)
Accretion of convertible redeemable non-controlling interests to redemption value				(687,617)													(687,617)
Repurchase of non-controlling interests														(20,000)			(20,000)
Net loss												(49,343,664)		9,086			(49,334,578)	(7,741,671)
Balance, end of period at Dec. 31, 2021	¥ 156	$ 24	¥ (3)	¥ 251,384,835	$ 39,447,766	¥ 27,917	$ 4,381		¥ (3,599,745)	$ (564,879)		¥ (135,766,257)	$ (21,304,688)	¥ 72,601	$ 11,393		¥ 112,119,504	$ 17,593,997
Balance, end of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021 \| shares	1,205,810,369	1,205,810,369	(23,176,521)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	¥ (49,334,578)	$ (7,741,671)	¥ (10,607,538)	¥ (9,733,041)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Sharebased compensation	24,654,583	3,868,842	3,413,292	3,140,016
Depreciation and amortization	6,045,283	948,637	5,269,089	4,011,688
Allowances for credit losses	1,260,356	197,777	684,795	679,097
Interest income and investment loss (income), net	263,814	41,398	(2,634,106)	571,207
Impairment loss for equity investments accounted for using Measurement Alternative			1,022,098	1,450,840
Loss from equity method investments, net	475,851	74,671	1,057,427	979,177
Loss on disposal of property and equipment, net and other assets	289,677	45,457	81,780	43,249
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets	2,789,321	437,705
Impairment of property and equipment and other assets	2,303,403	361,454	896,071	125,013
Deferred income taxes, net	(391,477)	(61,431)	(473,704)	(493,243)
Foreign exchange loss (gain)	(116,289)	(18,248)	(1,055,139)	166,393
Accretion of discount on shortterm and longterm borrowings and others	114,864	18,025	52,759	11,172
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts and notes receivable	(713,034)	(111,891)	(477,036)	(1,182,810)
Amounts due from related parties	68,372	10,729	(59,699)	12,133
Prepayments, receivables and other current assets	(777,739)	(122,044)	(903,360)	(629,341)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	96,318	15,114	(507,201)	(1,424,107)
Other non-current assets	(1,152,538)	(180,858)	112,286	(280,324)
Accounts and notes payable	(1,080,270)	(169,518)	1,225,952	249,902
Amounts due to related parties	(42,561)	(6,679)	194,498	54,238
Deferred revenue and customer advances	(366,141)	(57,456)	195,672	261,278
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	2,343,141	367,690	3,141,307	2,065,146
Operating lease liabilities	(139,512)	(21,892)	484,165	1,366,340
Other non-current liabilities	(4,704)	(740)	24,214	627
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	(13,413,860)	(2,104,929)	1,137,622	1,444,650
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment and intangible assets	(6,620,191)	(1,038,852)	(5,799,097)	(2,252,488)
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment and intangible assets	187,259	29,385	8,950	4,470
Purchase of long-term investments	(2,006,985)	(314,940)	(775,455)	(2,770,855)
Proceeds from disposal of longterm investments	3,381,019	530,556	45,828	120,685
Purchase of investment securities and other investments	(21,513,993)	(3,376,015)	(2,974,779)	(1,331,482)
Proceeds from disposal of investment securities and other investments	88,868	13,945	6,740,451	2,258,896
Purchase of shortterm investments	(12,945,705)	(2,031,464)	(68,645,911)	(54,033,523)
Proceeds from maturities of shortterm investments	37,778,943	5,928,341	71,021,617	51,623,822
Loan receivable originated from related parties	(389,988)	(61,198)
Cash received from loan repayments of related parties	6,106,358	958,221
Loan receivable originated from third parties	(15,063,874)	(2,363,851)	(6,496,009)	(5,972,090)
Cash received from loan repayments of third parties	12,736,307	1,998,604	4,928,082	6,201,787
De-consolidation of Chengxin	(593,334)	(93,107)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	1,144,684	179,625	(1,946,323)	(6,150,778)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from short-term borrowings and long-term borrowings.	7,871,821	1,235,261	7,009,277	1,490,571
Repayments of short-term borrowings and long-term borrowings	(7,235,716)	(1,135,442)	(976,886)	(2,053,143)
Repurchase of non-controlling interest	(20,000)	(3,138)
Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred shares, net of issuance cost				3,569,189
Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares upon initial public offering, net of issuance cost	28,033,106	4,399,006
Proceeds from issuance of convertible redeemable non-controlling interest and convertible non-controlling interest, net of issuance cost	9,192,838	1,442,557	3,280,069
Repurchase of convertible preferred shares and ordinary shares	(206,169)	(32,352)	(12,389)	(199,655)
Taxes paid related to net exercise of share options	(2,375,663)	(372,793)	(14,110)
Capital injection from non-controlling interests shareholders				144,800
Other financing activities	(68,735)	(10,786)	(11,911)
Net cash provided by financing activities	35,191,482	5,522,313	9,274,050	2,951,762
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	(571,973)	(89,755)	(514,434)	510,824
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	22,350,333	3,507,254	7,950,915	(1,243,542)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year	19,372,084	3,039,903	12,790,790	14,462,888
Restricted cash at the beginning of the year	2,258,655	354,432	889,034	460,478
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the year	21,630,739	3,394,335	13,679,824	14,923,366
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year	43,429,717	6,815,070	19,372,084	12,790,790
Restricted cash at the end of the year	551,355	86,519	2,258,655	889,034
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the year	43,981,072	6,901,589	21,630,739	13,679,824
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest expenses	(251,853)	(39,521)	(88,149)	(82,910)
Cash paid for income tax expenses	(331,488)	(52,018)	(158,082)	(118,078)
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities
Changes in payables related to property and equipment and intangible assets	¥ 1,048,022	$ 164,458	¥ 1,732,222	¥ 585,956

Organization and principle activities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Organization and principle activities

Organization and principle activities

1 Organization and principal activities

DiDi Global Inc. (the ‘‘Company’’), previously named Xiaoju Science and Technology Limited, was incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands on January 11, 2013 and is primarily engaged in operating its global mobility technology platform that provides a range of mobility services as well as other services in the People’s Republic of China (‘‘PRC’’ or ‘‘China’’) and across overseas countries including Brazil, Mexico, etc. through its consolidated subsidiaries, variable interest entities (‘‘VIE’’s) and VIEs’ subsidiaries (collectively, the ‘‘Group”).

The Company’s major subsidiaries, VIEs and VIEs’ subsidiaries are described as follows:

=
	Country/Place	Percentage of direct or
	and	indirect
	date of	economic ownership
	incorporation/	December 31,
Companies	establishment	2020	2021
Major Subsidiaries
Marvelous Yarra Limited	BVI, March 20, 2017	100%	100%
Holly Universal Limited	BVI, January 6, 2017	100%	100%
DiDi (HK) Science and Technology Limited	Hong Kong, August 2, 2013	100%	100%
Xiaoju Science and Technology (Hong Kong) Limited	Hong Kong, January 29, 2013	100%	100%
Beijing DiDi Infinity Technology and Development Co., Ltd. (“Beijing DiDi”)	PRC, May 6, 2013	100%	100%

Major VIEs (Including VIEs’ Subsidiaries)
Beijing Xiaoju Science and Technology Co., Ltd.	PRC, July 10, 2012	100%	100%
DiDi Chuxing Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (“DiDi Chuxing”)	PRC, July 29, 2015	100%	100%
Beijing DiDi Chuxing Technology Co., Ltd.	PRC, December 5, 2018	100%	100%
Chengzi (Shanghai) Internet Technology Co., Ltd.	PRC, June 14, 2016	100%	100%

Variable interest entities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Variable interest entities

Variable interest entities

2 Variable interest entities

Due to the restrictions imposed by PRC laws and regulations on foreign ownership of companies engaged in value added telecommunication services and certain other internet-based businesses, the Group operates its platforms and other restricted business in the PRC through certain PRC domestic companies, whose equity interests are held by certain management members of the Group (“Nominee Shareholders”). The Company obtained control over these PRC domestic companies by entering into a series of contractual arrangements with these PRC domestic companies and their respective Nominee Shareholders. These contractual agreements include power of attorney, exclusive option agreement, exclusive business cooperation agreements, equity pledge agreements, and other operating agreements. These contractual agreements can be extended at the relevant PRC subsidiaries’ options prior to the expiration date. As a result, the Company maintains the ability to control these PRC domestic companies, is entitled to substantially all of the economic benefits from these PRC domestic companies and is obligated to absorb all expected losses of these PRC domestic companies. Management concluded that these PRC domestic companies are VIEs of the Company, of which the Company is the ultimate primary beneficiary. As such, the Group consolidated the financial results of these PRC domestic companies and their subsidiaries in the Group’s consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 3.2 to the consolidated financial statements for the basis of consolidation.

The following is a summary of the major contractual agreements (collectively, “Contractual Agreements”) that the Company, through its subsidiaries, entered into with the PRC domestic companies and their nominee shareholders:

a Contractual agreements with VIEs

Power of Attorney

Pursuant to the power of attorney agreements among the Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprises (“WFOE”s), the VIEs and their respective Nominee Shareholders, each Nominee Shareholder of the VIEs irrevocably undertakes to appoint the WFOE, as the attorney-in-fact to exercise all of the rights as a shareholder of the VIEs, including, but not limited to, the right to convene and attend shareholders’ meeting, vote on any resolution that requires a shareholder vote, such as appoint or remove directors and other senior management, and other voting rights pursuant to the articles of association (subject to the amendments) of the VIEs. Each power of attorney agreement is irrevocable and remains in effect as long as the Nominee Shareholder continues to be a shareholder of the VIEs. Unless otherwise required by PRC Laws, none of the VIEs or its shareholders can unilaterally terminate this agreement.

Exclusive Option Agreements

Pursuant to the exclusive option agreements among WFOEs, the VIEs and their respective Nominee Shareholders, the Nominee Shareholders granted WFOEs exclusive right to purchase, when and to the extent permitted under PRC law, all or part of the equity interests from shareholders of VIEs. The exercise price for the options to purchase all or part of the equity interests shall be the minimum amount of consideration permissible under then applicable PRC law. The agreement shall be valid until WFOEs or its designated party purchases all the shares from shareholders of VIEs. The terms of the exclusive option agreement are 10 years and can be automatically extended until such time WFOEs delivers a confirmation letter specifying the renewal term of this agreement. Unless otherwise required by PRC Laws, the VIEs or its shareholders shall not unilaterally terminate this agreement.

2 Variable interest entities (Continued)

Exclusive Business Corporation Agreement

Pursuant to the exclusive business cooperation agreements among the WFOEs and the VIEs, respectively, the WFOEs have the exclusive right to provide the VIEs with services related to, among other things, comprehensive technical support, professional training, consulting, marketing and promotional services. Without prior written consent of the WFOEs, the VIEs agree not to directly or indirectly accept the same or any similar services provided by any others regarding the matters ascribed by the exclusive business cooperation agreements. The VIEs agree to pay the WFOEs services fees, which shall be determined by the WFOEs. The WFOEs have the exclusive ownership of intellectual property rights created as a result of the performance of the agreements. The agreements shall remain effective except that the WFOEs are entitled to terminate the agreements in writing. Unless otherwise required by PRC Laws, the VIEs shall not unilaterally terminate this agreement.

Equity Pledge Agreements

Pursuant to the equity pledge agreements among the WFOEs, the VIEs and their respective Nominee Shareholders, the Nominee Shareholders of the VIEs pledged all of their respective equity interests in the VIEs to the WFOEs as collaterals for performance of the obligations of the VIEs and their Nominee Shareholders under the exclusive business cooperation agreements, the power of attorney agreements, and the exclusive option agreements. The Nominee Shareholders of the VIEs also undertake that, during the term of the equity pledge agreements, unless otherwise approved by the WFOEs in writing, they will not transfer the pledged equity interests or create or allow any new pledge or other encumbrance on the pledged equity interests. These equity pledge agreements remain in force until VIEs and their respective Nominee Shareholders discharge all their obligations under the contractual agreements.

Spousal Consent Letters

Pursuant to the spousal consent letters, the spouses of some of the individual Nominee Shareholders of the VIEs unconditionally and irrevocably agree that the equity interest in the VIEs held by and registered in the name of his or her respective spouse will be disposed of pursuant to the relevant exclusive business cooperation agreements, equity pledge agreements, the exclusive option agreements and the power of attorney agreements, without his or her consent. In addition, each of them agrees not to assert any rights over the equity interest in the VIEs held by their respective spouses. In addition, in the event that any of them obtains any equity interest in the VIEs held by their respective spouses for any reason, such spouses agree to be bound by similar obligations and agreed to enter into similar contractual arrangements.

b Risks in relation to the VIE structure

Part of the Group’s business is conducted through the VIEs of the Group, of which the Company is the ultimate primary beneficiary. The Company has concluded that (i) the ownership structure of the VIEs is not in violation of any applicable PRC laws or regulations currently in effect and (ii) each of the VIE Contractual Agreements is valid, binding and enforceable in accordance with their terms and applicable PRC laws or regulations currently in effect. However, uncertainties in the PRC legal system could cause the relevant regulatory authorities to find the current VIE Contractual Agreements and business to be in violation of any existing or future PRC laws or regulations.

2 Variable interest entities (Continued)

On March 15, 2019, the National People’s Congress adopted the Foreign Investment Law of the PRC, which became effective on January 1, 2020, together with their implementation rules and ancillary regulations. The Foreign Investment Law does not explicitly classify contractual arrangements as a form of foreign investment, but it contains a catch-all provision under the definition of “foreign investment”, which includes investments made by foreign investors through means stipulated in laws or administrative regulations or other methods prescribed by the State Council. It is unclear whether the Group’s corporate structure will be seen as violating the foreign investment rules as the Group is currently leveraging the contractual arrangements to operate certain business in which foreign investors are prohibited from or restricted to investing. If variable interest entities fall within the definition of foreign investment entities, the Group’s ability to use the contractual arrangements with its VIEs and the Group’s ability to conduct business through the VIEs could be severely limited.

In addition, if the Group’s corporate structure and the contractual arrangements with the VIEs through which the Group conducts its business in the PRC were found to be in violation of any existing or future PRC laws and regulations, the Group’s relevant PRC regulatory authorities could:

●

revoke the business licenses and/or operating licenses of the Group’s PRC entities;

●

impose fines;

●

confiscate any income that they deem to be obtained through illegal operations, or impose other requirements with which the Group may not be able to comply;

●

discontinue or place restrictions or onerous conditions on the Group’s operations;

●

place restrictions on the right to collect revenues;

●

shut down the Group’s servers or block the Group’s mobile app;

●

require the Group to restructure ownership structure or operations, including terminating the contractual arrangements with the VIEs and deregistering the equity pledges of the VIEs, which in turn would affect the ability to consolidate, derive economic interests from, or exert effective control over the VIEs and their subsidiaries;

●

restrict or prohibit the use of the proceeds from financing activities to finance the business and operations of the VIEs and their subsidiaries; or

●

take other regulatory or enforcement actions that could be harmful to the Group’s business.

2 Variable interest entities (Continued)

The imposition of any of these penalties may result in a material and adverse effect on the Group’s ability to conduct the Group’s business. In addition, if the imposition of any of these penalties causes the Group to lose the rights to direct the activities of the VIEs or the right to receive its economic benefits, the Group would no longer be able to consolidate the VIEs. The management believes that the likelihood for the Group to lose such ability is remote based on current facts and circumstances. However, the interpretation and implementation of the laws and regulations in the PRC and their application to an effect on the legality, binding effect and enforceability of contracts are subject to the discretion of competent PRC authorities, and therefore there is no assurance that relevant PRC authorities will take the same position as the Group herein in respect of the legality, binding effect and enforceability of each of the contractual arrangements. Meanwhile, since the PRC legal system continues to rapidly evolve, it may lead to changes in PRC laws, regulations and policies or in the interpretation and application of existing laws, regulations and policies, which may limit legal protections available to the Group to enforce the contractual arrangements should the VIEs or the Nominee Shareholders of the VIEs fail to perform their obligations under those arrangements. The enforceability, and therefore the benefits, of the contractual agreements between the Company and the VIE depend on Nominee Shareholders enforcing the contracts. There is a risk that Nominee shareholders of VIEs, who in some cases are also shareholders of the Company may have conflict of interests with the Company in the future or fails to perform their contractual obligations. Given the significance and importance of the VIEs, there would be a significant negative impact to the Company if these contracts were not enforced.

The Group’s operations depend on the VIEs to honor their contractual agreements with the Group and the Company’s ability to control the VIEs also depends on the authorization by the shareholders of the VIEs to exercise voting rights on all matters requiring shareholder approval in the VIEs. The Company believes that the agreements on authorization to exercise shareholder’s voting power are enforceable against each party thereto in accordance with their terms and applicable PRC laws or regulations currently in effect and the possibility that it will no longer be able to control and consolidate the VIEs as a result of the aforementioned risks and uncertainties is remote.

c Summary financial information of the Group’s VIEs (inclusive of VIEs’ subsidiaries)

In accordance with VIE Contractual Agreements, the Company (1) could exercise all shareholder’s rights of the VIEs and has power to direct the activities that most significantly affects the economic performance of the VIEs, and (2) receive the economic benefits of the VIEs that could be significant to the VIEs. Accordingly, the Company is considered as the ultimate primary beneficiary of the VIEs and has consolidated the VIEs’ financial results of operations, assets and liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Therefore, the Company considers that there are no assets in the VIEs that can be used only to settle obligations of the VIEs, except for the registered capital of the VIEs amounting to approximately RMB11,965,369 and RMB13,444,434 as of December 31, 2020 and 2021, as well as certain non-distributable statutory reserves amounting to approximately RMB13,606 and RMB23,808 as of December 31, 2020 and 2021. As the VIEs are incorporated as limited liability companies under the PRC Company Law, creditors do not have recourse to the general credit of the Company for the liabilities of the VIEs. There is currently no contractual arrangement that would require the Company to provide additional financial support to the VIEs. As the Group is conducting certain business in the PRC through the VIEs, the Group may provide additional financial support on a discretionary basis in the future, which could expose the Group to a loss.

The VIEs hold assets with no carrying value in the consolidated balance sheet that are important to the Company’s ability to produce revenue (referred to as unrecognized revenue-producing assets). Unrecognized revenue-producing assets held by the VIEs include online ride hailing operation permits for certain cities, Internet Content Provision License (“ICP licenses”), certain value-added telecommunications service licenses for internet data center services, etc, the domain names of didiglobal.com and so on. Recognized revenue-producing assets including non-compete agreements, patents and trademark which were acquired through the previous acquisitions are also held by WOFEs or other subsidiaries.

2 Variable interest entities (Continued)

The following tables set forth the financial statement balances and amounts of the VIEs and their subsidiaries included in the consolidated financial statements after the elimination of intercompany balances and transactions among VIEs and their subsidiaries within the Group.


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB
Cash and cash equivalents	9,674,912	18,499,058
Restricted cash	106,223	108,223
Short‑term investments	3,074,128	764,343
Accounts and notes receivable, net	1,928,636	1,622,379
Loans receivable,net	202,076	1,426,244
Amounts due from the Company and its non-VIE subsidiaries	17,136,259	20,730,377
Investment securities and other investments	3,396,426	4,708,537
Long-term investments, net	1,680,083	3,064,399
Property and equipment, net	73,978	349,510
Intangible assets, net	323,083	514,838
Other assets	1,959,459	1,329,105
Total assets	39,555,263	53,117,013
Short‑term borrowings	4,000,000	824,964
Accounts and notes payable	6,353,170	3,706,079
Amounts due to the Company and its non-VIE subsidiaries	35,269,949	58,675,506
Operating lease liabilities	674,185	238,261
Other liabilities	8,520,341	6,094,576
Total liabilities	54,817,645	69,539,386
Shareholders' deficit of VIEs	(15,262,382)	(16,422,373)
Total liabilities and shareholders' deficit of VIEs	39,555,263	53,117,013

2 Variable interest entities (Continued)


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB
Inter-company revenues	152	1,067,752	1,708,159
Third-party revenues	150,816,817	136,817,570	166,603,236
Total revenues	150,816,969	137,885,322	168,311,395
Inter-company costs and expenses	(9,557,049)	(12,895,784)	(15,320,699)
Third-party costs and expenses	(140,022,924)	(127,117,980)	(158,286,885)
Total costs and expenses	(149,579,973)	(140,013,764)	(173,607,584)
Income (loss) from operations	1,236,996	(2,128,442)	(5,296,189)
Income (loss) from non-operations	(688,178)	1,652,386	(358,813)
Income (loss) before income tax expenses	548,818	(476,056)	(5,655,002)
Income tax expenses	(9,786)	(66,808)	(302,047)
Net income (loss)	539,032	(542,864)	(5,957,049)
Net income (loss) attributable to DiDi Global Inc.	539,032	(542,864)	(5,957,049)

	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB
Net cash used in inter-company transactions	(7,880,749)	(13,313,253)	(1,212,002)
Net cash provided by operating activities with external parties	12,378,698	13,972,703	2,843,996
Net cash provided by operating activities	4,497,949	659,450	1,631,994
Net cash provided by investing activities with non-VIE subsidiaries	—	2,785,392	—
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities with external parties	(2,780,009)	(3,627,564)	2,688,546
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(2,780,009)	(842,172)	2,688,546
Inter-company loan financing from non-VIE subsidiaries	—	1,003,320	10,921,871
Inter-company loan financing to non-VIE subsidiaries	(1,000,000)	(1,000,000)	(3,000,000)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities with external parties	(100,000)	4,034,180	(3,416,265)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(1,100,000)	4,037,500	4,505,606

Summary of significant accounting policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Summary of significant accounting policies

Summary of significant accounting policies

3 Summary of significant accounting policies

3.1 Basis of presentation

The consolidated financial statements of the Group have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Significant accounting policies followed by the Group in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements are summarized below.

3.2 Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company, its subsidiaries, the VIEs and VIEs’ subsidiaries for which the Company is the ultimate primary beneficiary.

A subsidiary is an entity in which the Company, directly or indirectly, controls more than one half of the voting power, has the power to appoint or remove the majority of the members of the board of directors, to cast a majority of votes at the meeting of the board of directors or to govern the financial and operating policies of the investee under a statute or agreement among the shareholders or equity holders.

A VIE is an entity in which the Company’s subsidiary, through contractual arrangements, has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, bears the risks of and enjoys the rewards normally associated with ownership of the entity, and therefore the Company is the ultimate primary beneficiary of the entity.

All transactions and balances among the Company, its subsidiaries and the VIEs and VIEs’ subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation. The results of subsidiaries and VIEs acquired or disposed of during the year are recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss from the effective dates of acquisition or up to the effective dates of disposal, as appropriate.

3.3 Comparative information

The Company reclassified certain balances in prior years to conform to the current year presentation to relating to short-term investments and investment securities and other investments. Refer to note 3.11 and 3.16, respectively.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.4 Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic starting in January 2020 had an adverse impact on the Group’s business and operations including reduced demand for China Mobility and International business. During 2021, China also experienced increases in cases that have prompted the government to apply selective restrictions to movement of people within affected areas. As a result, the Group’s operating and financial performance for China Mobility have been adversely affected. The global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic may also result in global economic distress. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may affect the Group’s results of operations will depend on its future developments, which are difficult to predict.

As part of Chinese government’s effort to ease the burden of business affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration temporarily reduced or exempted contributions to the government-mandated employee welfare benefit plans from February 2020 to December 2020. In addition, the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration temporarily reduced VAT rate of 3% to zero on revenues derived from the provision of certain transportation services from January 2020 to March 2021 and from January 2022 to December 2022, respectively.

The Group continues to assess the impact from the COVID-19 pandemic. It is difficult to accurately predict the ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Group’s future business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows due to the uncertainty of numerous factors including the severity of the disease, the duration of the outbreak, additional actions that may be taken by governmental authorities, the further impact on the business of drivers, riders, and business partners, all of which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.

3.5 Use of estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of the assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date, and the reported revenues and expenses during the reported periods.

The Group believes that (i) revenue recognition, (ii) assessment for impairment of goodwill, long-lived assets, intangible assets, (iii) determination of the estimated useful lives of long-lived assets, (iv) fair value of short-term, long-term investments and other financial instruments, (v) provision for credit losses of time deposits, accounts and notes receivable, loans receivable, contract assets, finance lease receivables and other receivables, (vi) determination of the fair value of ordinary shares, (vii) the purchase price allocation with respect to business combination and acquisition of equity method investees, (viii) valuation and recognition of share-based compensation expenses, (ix) provision for income tax and realization of deferred tax assets reflect the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. These estimates are inherently subject to judgment and actual results could differ from those estimates.

The Group considers the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (note 3.4) as well as the suspension of new user registration and takedown of 26 apps that the Group operates in China (note 3.42) on the assumptions and inputs (including market data) supporting certain of these estimates and judgments, in particular, in the impairment determination of the fair values of certain investments and goodwill and the recoverability of long-lived assets. The level of uncertainties and volatilities in the global financial markets and economies resulting from the pandemic as well as the uncertainties related to the outcome of the cybersecurity review means that these estimates may change in future periods, as new events occur and additional information is obtained.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Based on current assessment of these estimates, the Group did not identify additional impairment related to its goodwill or other long-lived assets except for the impairment charges described in Notes 12, 15 and 28 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

3.6 Functional currency and foreign currency translation

The Group uses Renminbi (“RMB”) as its reporting currency. The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiaries incorporated in the Cayman Islands,BVI and Hong Kong is United States dollars (“US$”) and the functional currency of the PRC entities in the Group is RMB. The Company’s subsidiaries with operations in other jurisdictions generally use their respective local currencies as their functional currencies. The determination of the respective functional currency is based on the criteria of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 830, Foreign Currency Matters.

Transactions denominated in currencies other than functional currency are translated into functional currency at the exchange rates quoted by authoritative banks prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Exchange gains and losses resulting from those foreign currency transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are recorded as other income (loss), net in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The foreign exchange loss amounted to RMB222,684 for the year ended December 31, 2019; and the foreign exchange gain amounted to RMB1,156,606 and RMB70,265 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

The financial statements of the Group are translated from the functional currency into RMB. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates at the balance sheet date. Equity accounts other than earnings generated in the current period are translated into RMB using the appropriate historical rates. Revenues and expenses, gains and losses are translated into RMB using the periodic average exchange rates. Translation adjustments are reported as foreign currency translation adjustments and are shown as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

3.7 Convenience translation

Translations of the consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of comprehensive loss and consolidated statements of cash flows from RMB into US$ as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021 are solely for the convenience of the reader and were calculated at the rate of US$1.00 = RMB6.3726, representing the index rates stipulated by the federal reserve board/the noon buying rate set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the U.S. Federal Reserve Board on December 30, 2021. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into US$ at that rate on December 30, 2021, or at any other rate.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.8 Fair value measurement

Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Accounting guidance establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

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Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

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Level 2 — Observable, market-based inputs, other than quoted prices, in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

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Level 3 — Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Accounting guidance also describes three main approaches to measure the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset.

When available, the Group uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of an asset or liability. If quoted market prices are not available, the Group will measure fair value using valuation techniques that use, when possible, current market-based sourced market parameters, such as interest rates and currency exchange rates.

3.9 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents represent cash on hand, time deposits and highly liquid investments placed with banks or other financial institutions, which are unrestricted as to withdrawal for use, and which have original maturities less than three months. As of December 31, 2020 and 2021, cash held in accounts managed by online payment platforms such as Alipay and WeChat Pay amounted to RMB1,266,695 and RMB2,212,704 respectively, which have been classified as cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated balance sheets.

3.10 Restricted cash and non-current restricted cash

Cash on hand, time deposits and highly liquid investments placed with banks or other financial institutions, which have original maturities less than three months, and which are restricted as to withdrawal for use or pledged as security are reported separately as restricted cash. The Group’s restricted cash is classified into current and non-current based on the length of restricted period. The Group's restricted cash primarily represents security deposits for the bank acceptance bills.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.11 Short-term investments

Short-term investments mainly consist of time deposits, structured deposits and other investments with maturities within 12 months. Time deposits include the balances placed with the banks with original maturities over three months, but less than one year and the long-term time deposits with a maturity date within one year. The investments that are expected to be realized in cash during the next twelve months are also included in short-term investments.

Structured deposits refer to the financial instruments with variable interest rates indexed to performance of underlying assets. The Group elected the fair value option (“FVO”) at the date of initial recognition to measure structured deposits at fair value. Changes in the fair value are reflected in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss as investment income (loss), net.

As discussed in Note 3.3, the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 have been adjusted to report “interest receivable” totalling RMB290,966 in short-term investments. That amount was previously reported in “Prepayments,receivables and other current assets, net”.

3.12 Accounts and notes receivable, net

Accounts receivable, net represent uncollected fare payments from individual customers and enterprise customers and primarily consist of (i) uncollected fare payments from individual customers for completed transactions, (ii) fare amounts not yet settled with enterprise customers, (iii) uncollected invoiced amounts from enterprise customers for other services completed.

Notes receivable, net represent short-term notes receivable issued by reputable financial institutions that entitle the Group to receive the full-face amount from the financial institutions at maturity, which generally range from one to twelve months from the date of issuance.

The Group records an allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable to the amounts that may not be collected. Before January 1, 2020, the Group estimated the allowance based on historical experience, the age of the amount due, the customer payment and the customers’ creditworthiness, which were reviewed periodically and as needed, and amounts were written off when determined to be uncollectable.

From January 1, 2020, the Group determines the expected credit losses provisions based on ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASC 326”), detailed as Note 3.15.

3.13 Loans receivable, net

Loans receivable, net primarily represent micro loans the Group offers to individual borrowers who are registered as riders, end-users or drivers via the Group’s platforms.

Measurement of loans receivable

Loans receivable are measured at amortized cost and reported on the consolidated balance sheets at outstanding principal adjusted for allowances for credit losses as the Group undertakes substantially all the risks and rewards for such loans offered.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Accrued interest receivable

Accrued interest income on loans receivable is calculated based on the contractual interest rate of the loan and recorded as revenue in Other Initiatives as earned in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Loans receivable are impaired and placed on non-accrual status upon reaching 90 days past due. When a loan receivable is placed on non-accrual status, the Group stops accruing interest and reverses all accrued but unpaid interest as of such date. Cash payment received on non-accrual loans receivable would be first applied to any unpaid principal and late payment fees, if any, before recognizing interest income.

Allowance for credit losses

The provision for credit losses reflects the best estimate of the losses inherent in the outstanding portfolio of loans. The Group considers a loan receivable to be delinquent when a monthly payment is one day past due. The Group writes off the loan receivable against the related allowance when management determines that full repayment of a loan is not probable. Generally, write-off occurs after the 180^th day of delinquency. The primary factor in making such determination is the assessment of potential recoverable amounts from the delinquent debtor.

Before January 1, 2020, the Group provided allowances for credit losses for loan and accrued interest receivables based primarily on historical loss experience using a rolling rate-based model applied to the loans receivable portfolios. The Group considered many factors, including but not limited to, the age of the amounts due, the payment history, the month of origination, the purpose of the loans, customers’ creditworthiness, financial conditions of the individual borrowers, terms of the loans, regulatory environment, and the general economic conditions, into the assessment of allowance for credit losses. From January 1, 2020, the Group determines the expected credit losses provisions based on ASC 326, detailed as Note 3.15.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.14 Short-term and long-term finance lease receivables, net

The Group provides automobile finance lease services to individual customers and rental companies. The net investment of the lease is recorded as finance lease receivables upon the inception of the lease. The net investment in a lease consists of the minimum lease payments, net of executory costs plus the unguaranteed residual value, less the unearned interest income plus the unamortized initial direct costs related to the lease. The accrued interest is also included in the finance lease receivables balance. Over the period of a lease, each lease payment received is allocated between the repayment of the net investment in the lease and lease income based on the effective interest method so as to produce a constant rate of return on the net investment in the lease. The lease income is recorded as the Group’s revenues in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Initial direct costs of the finance leases are amortized over the lease term by adjusting against the related lease income. The investment in the leases, net of allowance for credit losses, is presented as finance lease receivables and classified as current or non-current assets in the balance sheets based on the duration of the remaining lease terms.

Before January 1, 2020, the Group estimated the balance of provision for credit losses of its finance lease receivables at each balance sheet date by applying an incurred loss model, mainly based on customer repayment activities, such as the historical loss rate and days past due information. The total balance of finance lease receivable was considered contractually past due if the minimum required payment was not received by the contractual repayment day. From January 1, 2020, the Group determines the expected credit losses provisions based on ASC 326, detailed as Note 3.15

Accrued lease income on finance lease receivables is calculated based on the effective interest rate of the net investment. Finance lease receivables are placed on non-accrual status upon reaching past due status for more than 90 days. When a finance lease receivable is placed on non-accrual status, the Group stopped accruing interest. Lease income is subsequently recognized only upon the receipt of cash payments.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.15 Expected credit losses

In 2016, the FASB issued ASC 326, which amends previously issued guidance regarding the impairment of financial instruments by creating an impairment model that is based on expected losses. The Group adopted ASC 326 on January 1, 2020 using a modified retrospective approach which did not have a material impact on the opening balance of accumulated deficit.

The Group’s time deposits, accounts and notes receivable, loans receivable, contract assets, finance lease receivables and other receivables are within the scope of ASC 326. The Group has identified the relevant risk characteristics of its customers and the related receivables and other receivables which include size, type of the services or the products the Group provides, or a combination of these characteristics. Receivables with similar risk characteristics have been grouped into pools. For each pool, the Group considers the historical credit losses experience, current economic conditions, supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and any recoveries in assessing the lifetime expected credit losses. Other key factors that influence the expected credit losses analysis include customer demographics, payment terms offered in the normal course of business to customers, and industry-specific factors that could impact the Group’s receivables. Additionally, external data and macroeconomic factors are also considered. This is assessed at each quarter based on the Group’s specific facts and circumstances.

All forward-looking statements are, by their nature, subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Group’s control. Primarily as a result of the macroeconomic and market turmoil caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Group updated the model based on the continuously monitoring result and took the latest available information into consideration.

3.16 Investment securities and other investments

Investment securities and other investments consist of equity securities with readily determinable fair value as well as other investments which primarily consist of debt investments.

Equity securities with readily determinable fair value

The Group invests in marketable equity securities, which are publicly traded stock.

The Group carries these equity securities at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Debt investments

Debt investments are accounted for at amortized cost or under the fair value option. The Group has elected the fair value option for certain debt investments primarily consisting of convertible bonds with maturities of over one year. The fair value option permits the irrevocable election on an instrument-by-instrument basis at initial recognition of an asset or liability or upon an event that gives rise to a new basis of accounting for that instrument. The investments accounted for under the fair value option are carried at fair value with realized or unrealized gains (losses) recorded as investment income (loss), net in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Other debt investments, primarily consist of long term time deposits, which the balance placed with the bank with original maturities over 12 months, are measured at amortized cost. Interest income from debt investments is recognized using the effective interest method which is reviewed and adjusted periodically based on changes in estimated cash flows. As discussed in Note 3.3, comparative information have been adjusted to the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 to report “long-term time deposits” totaling RMB3,460,000 in investment securities and other investments, which was previously reported in “other non-current assets, net”.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.17 Long-term investments

The Group’s long-term investments consist of equity investments without readily determinable fair value and equity investments over which the Group has ability to exercise significant influence.

Equity securities without readily determinable fair value measured at Measurement Alternative

Equity securities except for those over which the Group has the ability to exercise significant influence, are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, according to ASC 321 “Investments — Equity Securities”, which the Group adopted beginning April 1, 2018. The Group elected to record the equity investments without readily determinable fair value using the Measurement Alternative at cost, less impairment, with subsequent adjustments for observable price changes resulting from orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer, if any. All realized and unrealized gains (losses) on the investments, are recognized in investment income (loss), net or impairment loss for equity investments accounted for using Measurement Alternative in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

For investments under the Measurement Alternative, the Group makes a qualitative assessment of whether the investment is impaired at each reporting date based on performance and financial position of the investee as well as other evidence of market value. Such assessment includes, but is not limited to, reviewing the investee’s cash position, recent financing, as well as the financial and business performance, and other significant judgment in considering various factors and events.

If a qualitative assessment indicates that the investment is impaired, the Group estimates the investment’s fair value in accordance with the principles of ASC 820. If the fair value is less than the investment’s carrying value, the Group recognizes an impairment loss in net loss equal to the difference between the carrying value and fair value. Significant judgment is applied by the Group in estimating the fair value to determine if an impairment exists, and if so, to measure the impairment losses for these equity security investments. These judgments include the selection of valuation methods in estimating fair value and the determination of key valuation assumptions used in cash flow forecasts.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Equity investments accounted for using the equity method

The Group applies the equity method to account for equity investments in common stock or in-substance common stock, according to ASC 323 “Investments — Equity Method and Joint Ventures”, over which it has significant influence but does not own a majority equity interest or otherwise control, unless the fair value option is elected. An investment in in-substance common stock is an investment in an entity that has risk and reward characteristics that are substantially similar to that entity’s common stock. The Group considers subordination, risks and rewards of ownership and obligation to transfer value when determining whether an investment in an entity is substantially similar to an investment in that entity’s common stock.

Under the equity method, the Group initially records its investment at cost and subsequently records its share of the results of the equity investees within a one quarter in arrears basis. The excess of the carrying amount of the investment over the underlying equity in net assets of the equity investee generally represents goodwill and intangible assets acquired. The Group subsequently adjusts the carrying amount of the investment to recognize the Group’s proportionate share of each equity investee’s net income or loss into the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss and recognize its share of post-acquisition movements in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a component of shareholders’ equity (deficit). When the Group’s share of losses in the equity investees equals or exceeds its interest in the equity investee, the Group does not recognize further losses, unless the Group has incurred obligations or made payments or guarantees on behalf of the equity investee, or the Group holds other investments in the equity investee.

The Group continuously reviews its investments in equity investees to determine whether a decline in fair value below the carrying value is other-than-temporary. The primary factors the Group considers in its determination are the duration and severity of the decline in fair value, the financial condition, operating performance and the prospects of the equity investee, and other company specific information such as recent financing rounds. If any impairment is considered other-than-temporary, the Group writes down the investment to its fair value and recognizes the impairment charge to the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

The Group elected to apply the fair value option to the investments in ordinary shares of Chengxin Technology Inc. (“Chengxin”) upon the closing of the deconsolidation of Chengxin,for which the equity method otherwise would be required. Refer to Note 5- Financing transaction of Chengxin for further information.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.18 Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Depreciation is primarily computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.

Bikes and e-bikes

Bikes and e-bikes are depreciated over the estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis. The initial estimated useful lives of such bikes and e-bikes are generally from 2 to 3 years.

Vehicles

Vehicles are depreciated over the estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis or accelerated basis. The initial estimated useful lives of such vehicles are 5 years. The Group also estimates the residual value of the vehicles at the expected time of disposal. The estimated residual values for vehicles are based on factors including model, age, and mileage. The Group makes annual assessments to the depreciation rates of vehicles in response to the latest market conditions and their effect on residual values as well as the estimated time of disposal. Changes made to estimates are reflected in vehicle-related depreciation expense on a prospective basis.

Other property and equipment

Other property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The gain or loss on the disposal of property and equipment is the difference between the net sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the relevant assets and is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Property and equipment have estimated useful lives as follows:


Categories		Estimated useful lives
Bikes and e‑bikes		2‑3 years
Vehicles		5 years
Computers and equipment		2‑5 years
Leasehold improvement		Lesser of estimated useful life or remaining lease terms
Others		5‑40 years

Construction in progress

Direct costs that are related to the construction of property and equipment and are incurred in connection with bringing the assets to their intended use are capitalized as construction in progress. Construction in progress is transferred to specific property or equipment, which are primarily relating to vehicles and bikes and e-bikes which are not ready for lease or use, and the depreciation of these assets commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.19 Intangible assets, net

Intangible assets are primarily acquired through business combinations or purchased from third parties. Intangible assets arising from business combinations are recognized and measured at fair value upon acquisition. Purchased intangible assets are initially recognized and measured at cost upon acquisition. Separately identifiable intangible assets that have determinable lives continue to be amortized over their estimated useful lives based upon the usage of the asset, which is approximated using a straight-line method as follows:


Categories		Estimated useful lives
Non‑compete agreements		6‑7 years
Trademark, patents and others		3‑20 years
Driver lists		5 years
Customer lists		5 years
Software		3-5 years
Online payment license*		Indefinite live
Others		Indefinite live

*

Acquired online payment license is considered to be an indefinite live and is carried at cost less any subsequent impairment loss. The Group is required to apply for the renewal of the license issued from government authorities each five years and the Group considered that there were no practical difficulties in the renewal process according to the industry practice.

3.20 Impairment of long-lived assets other than goodwill

Long-lived assets including property and equipment, intangible assets and other non-current assets other than goodwill are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of any impairment loss for long-lived assets that management expects to hold, or use is based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the asset. Judgment is used in estimating future cash flows, determining appropriate discount rates and making other assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of the long-live assets’ fair value. Refer to Note 12- Property and equipment, net and Note 14-Intangible assets, net for further information.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.21 Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination.

Goodwill is not depreciated or amortized but is tested for impairment on an annual basis, and between annual tests when an event occurs, or circumstances change that could indicate that the asset might be impaired. The Group first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. In the qualitative assessment, the Group considers primary factors such as industry and market considerations, overall financial performance of the reporting unit, and other specific information related to the operations. If the Group decides, as a result of its qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is mandatory. Otherwise, no further testing is required. The quantitative impairment test consists of a comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss equal to the difference will be recorded. Application of a goodwill impairment test requires significant management judgment, including the identification of reporting units, assigning assets and liabilities to reporting units, assigning goodwill to reporting units, and determining the fair value of each reporting unit. The judgment in estimating the fair value of reporting units includes estimating future cash flows, determining appropriate discount rates and making other assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value for each reporting unit. The Group performs goodwill impairment testing at the reporting unit level on December 31 annually and more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. Nil, nil and RMB2,501,100 of impairment loss of goodwill was recognized for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020 and 2021, respectively. Refer to Note 15- Goodwill for further information.

3.22 Leases

The Group adopted ASC 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”) on January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective transition method through a cumulative-effect adjustment in the period of adoption rather than retrospectively adjusting prior periods and the package of practical expedient. The Group categorized leases with contractual terms longer than twelve months as either operating or finance lease.

Right-of-use (“ROU’) assets represent the Group’s rights to use underlying assets for the lease terms and lease liabilities represent the Group’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the leases. Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, reduced by lease incentives received, plus any initial direct costs, using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. If the implicit rate in lease is not readily determinable for the Group’s operating leases, the Group generally uses the incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. The Group’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Group will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Group elected not to separate non-lease components from lease components; therefore, it will account for lease components and the non-lease components as a single lease component when there is only one vendor in the lease contract for the office leases. Lease payments may be fixed or variable; however, only fixed payments or in-substance fixed payments are included in the lease liability calculation. Variable lease payments mainly include costs related to certain IDC facilities leases which are determined based on actual number of usages. Variable lease payments are recognized in operating expenses in the period in which the obligation for those payments are incurred.

For operating leases, lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For finance leases, lease expense is recognized as depreciation on a straight-line basis over the lease term and interest using the effective interest method.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Any lease with a term of 12 months or less is considered short-term. As permitted by ASC 842, short-term leases are excluded from the ROU asset and lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Consistent with all other operating leases, short-term lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

3.23 Short-term and long-term borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognized at fair value, net of upfront fees incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognized in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

3.24 Statutory reserves

In accordance with the relevant regulations and their articles of association, subsidiaries of the Group incorporated in the PRC are required to allocate at least 10% of their after-tax profit determined based on the PRC accounting standards and regulations to the general reserve until the reserve has reached 50% of the relevant subsidiary’s registered capital. Appropriations to the enterprise expansion fund and staff welfare and bonus fund are at the discretion of the respective company. These reserves can only be used for specific purposes and are not transferable to the Group in the form of loans, advances or cash dividends. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020 and 2021, appropriations to the general reserve amounted to RMB3,929, RMB9,159 and RMB11,414, respectively. No appropriations to the enterprise expansion fund or staff welfare and bonus fund have been made by the Group.

3.25 Revenue recognition

The Group adopted ASC 606 — “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” for all periods presented. According to ASC 606, revenues from contracts with customers are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Group’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Group expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services, after considering allowances for refund, price concession, discount and value added tax (“VAT”).

China Mobility

The Group generates revenues from providing a variety of mobility services through its mobility platform in the PRC (“China Mobility Platform”). The Group’s revenues from its ride hailing services in the PRC presented on a gross basis accounted for more than 97% of the total revenues from China Mobility for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. The Group also generates revenues from providing other mobility services such as taxi hailing, chauffeur, hitch and other services in the PRC.

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Ride hailing services in the PRC

The Group provides a variety of ride hailing services on its China Mobility Platform, mainly including Express, Premium, Luxe, Select, Piggy Express and Carpooling service lines in the PRC, and considers itself as the ride service provider according to the relevant regulations in the PRC and the ride service agreements entered into with riders. For all ride hailing services offered, names of the services and the service providers with the corresponding service agreements are displayed on the Group’s China Mobility Platform. Riders can choose ride hailing services from the Group’s China Mobility Platform based on their mobility needs and preferences. When a rider selects and initiates a ride service request, an estimated service fee is displayed and the rider can further decide whether to place the service request or not. Once the rider places the ride service request and the Group accepts the service request, a ride service agreement is entered into between the rider and the Group. Upon completion of the ride services, the Group recognizes ride hailing services revenues on a gross basis.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

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Principal versus agent considerations of ride hailing services in the PRC

According to the relevant regulations in the PRC, online ride hailing services platforms are required to obtain licenses and take full responsibility of the ride services. The relevant regulations also require the licensed platforms to ensure that the drivers and cars engaged in providing ride services meet the requirements stipulated by the regulations. Accordingly, the Group as an online ride hailing services platform considers itself as the principal for its ride services because it controls the services provided to riders. The control over the services provided to riders is demonstrated through: a) the Group is able to direct registered drivers to deliver ride services on its behalf based on the ride service agreement it entered into with riders. If the assigned driver is not able to deliver the service in limited circumstances, the Group will assign another registered driver to deliver the service; b) in accordance with the agreements entered into between the Group and the drivers, the drivers are obligated to comply with service standards and implementation rules set by the Group when providing the ride services on behalf of the Group; c) the Group evaluates drivers’ performance regularly in accordance with standards set by the Group. Other indicators of the Group being the principal are demonstrated by: a) the Group is obligated to fulfill the promise to provide the ride hailing services to riders in accordance with the above regulations in the PRC and the above service agreements; b) according to applicable necessary procedures, the Group has the discretion in setting the prices for the services.

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Taxi hailing, chauffeur and hitch services in the PRC

The Group provides a variety of other services on its China Mobility Platform, mainly including taxi hailing, chauffeur and hitch services. The Group considers itself as the agent for taxi hailing, chauffeur and hitch services and recognizes agency revenue earned from the service providers such as taxi drivers, chauffeur service providers and car owners from the hitch service.

International

The Group derives the revenues principally from ride hailing services in overseas countries, including Brazil and Mexico. The Group also generates revenues from food delivery services in overseas countries.

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Ride hailing services in overseas countries

The Group contracts with individual drivers to offer ride services on the Group’s mobility platform in overseas countries (“Overseas Mobility Platform”). When a rider raises a ride service request through the Group’s Overseas Mobility Platform, an estimated service fee is displayed and the rider can further decide whether to place the service request or not. Once the rider places the ride service request and a driver accepts the service request, a ride service agreement is entered into between the rider and the driver. The Group’s performance obligation is to facilitate and arrange the ride services between riders and drivers. The Group recognizes revenues from its service contracts with drivers upon completion of the ride services provided by drivers. In addition, in most overseas countries riders access the Group’s Overseas Mobility Platform for free and the Group has no performance obligation to the riders. As a result, in general, drivers are the Group’s customers, while riders are not.

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Principal versus agent considerations of ride hailing services in overseas countries

The Group considers itself as an agent for ride hailing services provided through its Overseas Mobility Platform because the Group does not control the services provided by drivers to riders as 1) the Group does not obtain control of the drivers’ services prior to its transfer to the riders; 2) the Group does not have the power to direct drivers to perform the service on its behalf; and 3) the Group does not integrate services provided by drivers with the Group’s other services and then provide them to riders. Other indicator of the Group being the agent is demonstrated by the drivers being obligated to fulfill the promise to provide the ride services according to the service agreements entered into between drivers and riders.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

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Food delivery services in overseas countries

The Group derives its food delivery revenue primarily from service fees paid by merchants and delivery persons for use of the platform and related services to successfully complete the services on the platform. The Group recognizes revenue when services provided to merchants and delivery persons are completed.

Other Initiatives

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Bike and e-bike sharing

The Group enters into rental agreements, with the users at the inception of each trip. The Group is responsible for providing access to the bikes and e-bikes over the user’s desired period of use. The Group derives a majority of the revenues from rental agreements, which are classified as operating leases as defined within ASC 842, and records the rental payments received as revenues upon the completion of each trip.

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Auto solutions

Auto solutions mainly include the leasing business through which the Group primarily leases vehicles to drivers who use them to provide ride hailing services in the PRC. The Group leases vehicles to drivers and end-users, and as a result, the Group generally considers itself to be the accounting lessor, as applicable, in these arrangements in accordance with ASC 842. The Group provides financial lease services and operating lease services to drivers and end-users through its platform as detailed below.

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Finance lease service in auto solutions

The Group primarily enters into lease arrangements with drivers, who lease vehicles from the Group to provide ride hailing services on the platform. The lease arrangements normally have three-year lease term and contain lessee bargain purchase options at prices substantially below the subject asset’s estimated residual value at the exercise date for the option. Consequently, the Group has classified these leases as finance leases for accounting purposes.

For such finance leases, the Group reports the discounted present value of (i) future minimum lease payments (including the bargain purchase option) and (ii) any unguaranteed residual value not subject to a bargain purchase option, as finance lease receivables on its balance sheet. The Group accrues interest on the balance of the finance lease receivables based on the effective interest rate inherent in the applicable lease over the term of the lease.

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Operating lease service in auto solutions

The Group provides operating lease service to drivers and end-users on its platform. Revenue from these services is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease period.

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Others

The Group provides a variety of other initiatives services on its platform, including intra-city freight and other services. The Group generally recognizes revenues when services are provided to its customers.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Contract balances

The Group classifies its right to consideration in exchange for services transferred to a customer as either a receivable or a contract asset. A receivable is a right to consideration that is unconditional as compared to a contract asset which is a right to consideration that is conditional upon factors other than the passage of time. The Group recognizes accounts receivable in its consolidated balance sheets when it performs a service in advance of receiving consideration and it has the unconditional right to receive consideration. A contract asset is recorded when the Group has transferred services to the customer before payment is received or is due, and the Group’s right to consideration is conditional on future performance or other factors in the contract. Contract assets amounting to RMB222,591 and RMB242,231 were recorded in accounts and notes receivable, net in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2021 respectively.

Contract liabilities are recognized if the Group receives consideration prior to satisfying the performance obligations, which typically include advance payments from ride hailing services in the PRC. Contract liabilities as of December 31, 2020 and 2021 were RMB915,430 and RMB546,003, respectively, recognized as deferred revenue and customer advances in the consolidated balance sheets. Substantially all of contract liabilities at each reporting period end are expected to be recognized as revenues during the following year. The differences between the opening and closing balances of the Group’s contract liabilities primarily result from the timing difference between the Group’s satisfaction of the performance obligation and the customer’s payment.

Incentive Programs

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Incentives to consumers considered as customers from an accounting perspective

For China Mobility segment, riders using ride haling service, taxi drivers, chauffeur service providers and car owners providing hitch service are considered as the customers of the Group. For International segment, drivers providing ride hailing services, merchants and delivery persons in food delivery service are considered as the customers of the Group. For Other Initiatives segment, users in bike and e-bike sharing, lessees in auto solutions and drivers providing intra-city freight service are considered as the customers of the Group.

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Customer incentives

The Group offers various incentive programs to the Group’s customers, including fixed amount discounts, performance-based bonus payment, etc. Incentives provided to customers are recorded as a reduction of revenue if the Group does not receive a distinct good or service or cannot reasonably estimate the fair value of the good or service received. Incentives to customers that are not provided in exchange for a distinct good or service are evaluated as variable consideration, in the most likely amount to be earned by the customers at the time or as they are earned by customers, depending on the type of incentives. Since incentives are earned over a short period of time, there is limited uncertainty when estimating variable consideration.

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Referring new customers

Incentives earned by customers for referring new customers are paid in exchange for a distinct service and are accounted for as customer acquisition costs. The Group expenses such referral payments as incurred in sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The Group applies the practical expedient under ASC 340-40-25-4 and expenses costs to acquire new customer contracts as incurred because the amortization period would be one year or less. The amount recorded as an expense is the lesser of the amount of the incentive paid or the established fair value of the service received. Fair value of the service is established using amounts paid to vendors for similar services.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

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Customer loyalty program

The Group’s riders participate in a reward program, which provides service discount vouchers and other gifts based on accumulated membership points that vary depending on the services received and fees paid, timing, and distances of each trip taken by the riders. The riders may redeem the amount of points in their membership points accounts in vouchers or other physical products via Didi Online Mall. Because the Group has an obligation to provide such vouchers and other gifts, the Group recognizes liabilities and accounts for the estimated cost of future usage of vouchers as contra-revenues when the membership points are awarded. As members redeem their points or their entitlements expire, the accrued liability is reduced correspondingly. The Group estimates the liabilities under customer loyalty program based on accumulated membership points and management’s estimate of probability of redemption in accordance with the historical redemption pattern. If actual redemption differs significantly from the estimate, it will result in an adjustment to the liability and the corresponding revenue.

Incentive Programs

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Incentives to consumers not considered as customers from an accounting perspective

For the China Mobility segment, the end-users of taxi hailing, chauffeur and hitch service are not considered to be the customers of the Group from an accounting perspective. For International segment, in general, the riders using ride hailing services and end-users in food delivery services are not considered to be the customers of the Group from an accounting perspective. For Other Initiatives, end-users of intra-city freight services are not considered to be the customers of the Group from an accounting perspective.

The Group at its own discretion offers incentives to such consumers to encourage their uses of its platform. These are offered in various forms that include:

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Customized consumer discounts and promotions

These discounts and promotions are offered to some consumers in a market to acquire, re-engage or generally increase the uses of the Group’s platform by such consumers, and are akin to a coupon. An example is an offer providing a discount on a limited number of rides during a limited time period. The Group records the cost of these discounts and promotions to such consumers as sales and marketing expenses at the time they are redeemed by the consumers.

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Consumer referrals

These referrals are earned when an existing consumer (“the referring consumer”) refers a new consumer (“the referred consumer”) to the Group and the referred consumer uses services offered by the Group’s platform. These consumer referrals incentives are typically paid in the form of a credit given to the referring consumer. These referrals are offered to attract new consumer to the Group. The Group records the liability for these referrals and corresponding expenses as sales and marketing expenses at the time the referral is earned by the referring consumer.

Practical Expedients

The Group utilizes the practical expedient available under ASC 606-10-50-14 and does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.

The effect of a significant financing component has not been adjusted for contracts when the Group expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the Group transfers a promised good or service to the customer and the collection of the payments from the customers will be one year or less.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.26 Cost of revenues

Cost of revenues, which are directly related to revenue generating transactions on the Group’s platform, primarily consists of driver earnings and driver incentives in ride hailing services of China Mobility segment, depreciation and impairment of vehicles, bikes and e-bikes, insurance cost related to service offering, payment processing charges, and bandwidth and server related costs.

3.27 Operations and support

Operations and support expenses consist primarily of personnel-related compensation expenses, including share-based compensation for the Group’s operations and support personnel, third party customer service fees, driver operation fees, other outsourcing fees and expenses related to general operations.

3.28 Sales and marketing expenses

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising and promotion expenses, certain incentives paid to consumers not considered as customers from an accounting perspective, amortization of acquired intangible assets utilized by sales and marketing functions, and personnel related compensation expenses, including share-based compensation for the Group’s sales and marketing staff. Advertising and promotion expenses are recorded as sales and marketing expenses when incurred, and totaled RMB2,541,379, RMB5,088,880 and RMB5,401,408 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. Incentives provided to consumers amounted to RMB1,083,868, RMB2,100,671 and RMB7,465,226 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

3.29 Research and development expenses

Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel-related compensation expenses, including share-based compensation for employees in engineering, design and product development, depreciation of property and equipment utilized by research and development functions, and bandwidth and server related costs incurred by research and development functions. The Group expenses all research and development expenses as incurred.

3.30 General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related compensation expenses, including share-based compensation for the Group’s managerial and administrative staff, allowances for doubtful accounts, office rental and property management fees, professional services fees, depreciation and amortization related to assets used for managerial functions, and other administrative office expenses.

3.31 Government grants

Government grants are recognized as income in other income (loss), net or as a reduction of specific costs and expenses for which the grants are intended to compensate. Such amounts are recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss upon receipt and when all conditions attached to the grants are fulfilled.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.32 Share-based compensation

The Group accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718 Compensation-Stock compensation (“ASC 718”). On January 1, 2019, the Group adopted ASU 2018-07, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718) Improvement to non-employee Share-based Payment Accounting to amend the accounting for share-based payment awards issued to non-employees. Under ASU 2018-07, the accounting for awards to non-employees are similar to the model for employee awards. Share-based awards issued to non-employees are generally recognized as general and administrative expenses, except to the extent the share-based compensation is recognized in the Group’s investment income (loss), net as certain share-based awards are issued to the employees of the certain equity investee.

Share-based awards with service conditions only are measured at the grant date fair value of the awards and recognized as expenses using the graded-vesting method, net of estimated forfeitures, if any, over the requisite service period. Share-based awards that are subject to both service conditions and the occurrence of an initial public offering (“IPO”) or deemed liquidation events as performance condition are measured at the grant date fair value. Cumulative share-based compensation expenses for the awards that have satisfied the service condition were recorded on June 30, 2021, which was very close to the completion of the Group’s IPO, using the graded-vesting method.

The Group, with the assistance of an independent third-party valuation firm, determined fair value of share-based awards granted to employees and non-employees. Prior to the IPO, the fair value of the restricted share units (“RSUs”) was assessed using the income approach/discounted cash flow method, with a discount for lack of marketability given that the shares underlying the awards were not publicly traded at the time of grant. This assessment requires complex and subjective judgments regarding the Group’s projected financial and operating results, its unique business risks, the liquidity of its ordinary shares and its operating history and prospects at the time the grants were made. The fair value of share options is estimated on the grant date using the Binomial option pricing model. The assumptions used in share-based compensation expenses recognition represent management’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and application of management judgment. Subsequent to the completion of the Group’s IPO, the fair value of ordinary shares and share-based awards were determined based on the market price of the Group’s publicly traded ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange.

According to ASC 718, a change in any of the terms or conditions of share-based awards shall be accounted for as a modification of the plan. Therefore, the Group calculates incremental compensation cost of a modification as the excess of the fair value of the modified option over the fair value of the original option immediately before its terms are modified, measured based on the fair value and other pertinent factors at the modification date. For vested options, the Group would recognize incremental compensation cost in the period the modification occurs and for unvested options, the Group would recognize, over the remaining requisite service period, the sum of the incremental compensation cost and the remaining unrecognized compensation cost for the original award on the modification date.

3.33 Segment reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise engaging in businesses activities for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the Group’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance.

The Group’s internal organizational structure and business segments are more fully described in Note 19.

3.34 Taxation

Income taxes

Current income tax is recorded in accordance with the laws of the relevant tax jurisdictions.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

The Group applies the liability method of income taxes in accordance of ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are provided based on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and the financial statements, using enacted tax rates that will be in effect in the period in which the differences are expected to reverse.

Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that such assets are more-likely-than-not to be realized. In making such a determination, the Group considers all positive and negative evidences, including results of recent operations and expected reversals of taxable income. Valuation allowances are provided to offset deferred tax assets if it is considered more-likely-than-not that amount of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Uncertain tax positions

The Group applies the provisions of ASC 740, in accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. ASC 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes by prescribing the recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. The Group has elected to classify interest and penalties related to an uncertain tax position (if and when required) as part of “income tax expenses” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The Group did not have any significant unrecognized uncertain tax positions or any unrecognized liabilities as of December 31, 2020 and 2021. The Group did not have any interest or penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefit for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021.

3.35 Employee benefits

Employees of the Group in the PRC are entitled to staff welfare benefits including pension, work-related injury benefits, maternity insurance, medical insurance, unemployment benefit and housing fund plans through a PRC government-mandated multiemployer defined contribution plan. The Group is required to accrue for these benefits based on certain percentages of the employees’ salaries, up to a maximum amount specified by the local government. The Group is required to make contributions to the plans out of the amounts accrued. The PRC government is responsible for the medical benefits and the pension liability to be paid to these employees, and the Group’s obligations are limited to the amounts contributed with no legal obligation beyond the contributions made. Total amounts for such employee benefits, which were expensed as incurred, were RMB1,116,105, RMB1,030,111 and RMB1,808,321 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. The Group also makes payments to other defined contribution plans for the benefit of employees employed by subsidiaries outside of the PRC. Amounts contributed for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 were insignificant.

3.36 Comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) is defined to include all changes in equity (deficit) of the Group during a period arising from transactions and other events and circumstances excluding transactions resulting from investments by shareholders and distributions to shareholders. Comprehensive income (loss) includes net loss and currency translation adjustments of the Group and share of other comprehensive income (loss) of equity method investees.

3.37 Net loss per share

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period using the two-class method. Under the two-class method, net loss is not allocated to other participating securities if based on their contractual terms they are not obligated to share in the loss.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Diluted loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders, as adjusted for the effect of dilutive ordinary equivalent shares, if any, by the weighted average number of ordinary and dilutive ordinary equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Ordinary equivalent shares consist of unvested restricted shares and RSUs, ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding share options using the treasury stock method, and ordinary shares issuable upon the conversion of preferred shares using the if-converted method, for periods prior to the completion of the IPO. Ordinary equivalent shares are not included in the denominator of the diluted earnings per share calculation when inclusion of such shares would be antidilutive. After the completion of the IPO, net loss per ordinary share is computed on Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares on the combined basis, because both classes have the same dividend rights in the Company’s undistributed net income.

3.38 Treasury shares

The Group accounts for treasury shares using the cost method. Under this method, the cost incurred to purchase the shares is recorded in the treasury shares account in shareholders’ equity (deficit). The ordinary shares issued to trusts upon exercise of options, which are still subject to original conditions, are also accounted for as treasury shares in shareholders’ equity (deficit).

3.39 Business combinations and non-controlling interests

The Group accounts for its business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805 — “Business Combinations”. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the aggregate of the acquisition date fair value of the assets transferred to the sellers, liabilities incurred by the Group and equity instruments issued by the Group. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition are expensed as incurred. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured separately at their fair values as of the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any non-controlling interests. The excess of (i) the total costs of acquisition, fair value of the non-controlling interests and acquisition date fair value of any previously held equity interest in the acquiree over (ii) the fair value of the identifiable net assets of the acquiree is recorded as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognized directly in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. During the measurement period, which can be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Group may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Subsequent to the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any further adjustments are recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

In a business combination achieved in stages, the Group re-measures the previously held equity interest in the acquiree immediately before obtaining control at its acquisition date fair value and the re-measurement gain or loss, if any, is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

For the Group’s majority-owned subsidiaries, non-controlling interests are recognized to reflect the portion of their equity which is not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the Group.

When there is a change in ownership interests or a change in contractual arrangements that results in a loss of control of a subsidiary, the Group deconsolidates the subsidiary from the date control is lost. Any retained non-controlling investment in the former subsidiary is measured at fair value and is included in the calculation of the gain or loss upon deconsolidation of the subsidiary.

The Group allocates the acquisition cost to the assets and liabilities of the Group acquired, including separately identifiable intangible assets, based on their estimated fair values. The Group makes estimates and judgments in determining the fair value of acquired assets and liabilities, with the assistance of an independent valuation firm and management’s experience with similar assets and liabilities. In performing the purchase price allocation, the Group considers the analyses of historical financial performance and estimates of future performance of these companies acquired.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.40 Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests

Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests represent preferred shares financing by subsidiaries of the Group from preferred shareholders. As the preferred shares could be redeemed by such shareholders upon the occurrence of certain events that are not solely within the control of the Group, these preferred shares are accounted for as redeemable non-controlling interests. The Group accounts for the changes in accretion to the redemption value in accordance with ASC topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. The Group elects to use the effective interest method to account for the changes of redemption value over the period from the date of issuance to the earliest redemption date of the non-controlling interests. The Group determined that the redemption features embedded in the convertible redeemable non-controlling interests do not meet the definition of a derivative as they cannot be net settled. Therefore, such feature was not bifurcated from the mezzanine classified as non-controlling interests.

Convertible non-controlling interests represent preferred share financing by subsidiaries of the Group from preferred shareholders, which are contingently redeemable upon certain deemed liquidation events occur. Such deemed liquidation events require the redemption of those preferred shares and cause them being classified outside of permanent equity.

3.41 Commitments and contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to contingencies, such as legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business, that cover a wide range of matters. The Group assesses these contingent liabilities, which inherently involves judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against the Group or unasserted claims that may result in legal proceedings, the Group, in consultation with its legal counsel, evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or unasserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein. An accrual for a loss contingency is recognized if it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of liability can be reasonably estimated. If a potential loss is not probable, but reasonably possible, or is probable but the amount of liability cannot be reasonably estimated, then the nature of contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of the reasonably possible loss, if determinable and material, is disclosed.

Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the nature of guarantee would be disclosed.

3.42 Significant risks and uncertainties

Cybersecurity review and apps takedown in China

On July 2, 2021, the PRC Cybersecurity Review Office posted an announcement to state that the Group was subject to a cybersecurity review and that the Cybersecurity Review Office required the Group to suspend new user registration in China during the review. On July 4, 2021, the Cyberspace Administration of China (the “CAC”) posted an announcement to state that the Group's DiDi Chuxing app collected personal information in serious violation of PRC laws and regulations. Pursuant to the PRC Cybersecurity Law, the CAC notified app stores to take down the DiDi Chuxing app in China and required the Group to strictly comply with relevant laws and regulations, follow the relevant standards set by the PRC government authorities, and rectify the problem to ensure the security of users’ personal information. On July 9, 2021, the CAC posted an announcement to state that it was confirmed that 25 apps that the Group operates in China, including the apps used by users and drivers, had the problem of collecting personal information in serious violation of relevant PRC laws and regulations. Pursuant to the PRC Cybersecurity Law, the CAC notified app stores to take down these apps in China, and required the Group to strictly comply with relevant laws and regulations, follow the relevant standards set by the PRC government authorities, and rectify the problem to ensure the security of users’ personal information.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Pursuant to the Cybersecurity Law, if a cyberspace operator or a cyberspace product or service provider infringes upon the legal rights of individuals’ personal information in violation of the relevant provisions under the Cybersecurity Law, it may be ordered by a competent authority to make rectifications, and may, depending on the seriousness of the case, be subject to warnings, confiscation of illegal gains, and/or monetary fines. In serious cases, the competent authority may order it to suspend the relevant business, suspend the business for rectification, close the website or revoke the relevant business permit or license. In addition, violation of the PRC Personal Information Protection Law may give rise to an order to rectify, warnings, confiscation of illegal gains, suspension or termination of services through the app illegally processing the personal information, monetary fines, and/or the suspension of business or revocation of business licenses or operating permits.

As of the issuance date of the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, the Group is currently unable to estimate the possible loss or range of possible loss associated with the fines or other penalties, if any, as a result of the cybersecurity review. The Group’s future business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows may be materially and adversely impacted by the suspension of new users registration and the takedown of 26 apps that the Group is operating in China. As of the issuance date of the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, the Group does not have information on whether or when the suspension of new users registration in China will be removed and whether or when the prohibition on the download of 26 apps that the Group is operating in China will be lifted.

The Group will continue to fully cooperate with the PRC government authorities relating to the cybersecurity review and rectification measures. The final outcome is subject to uncertainty. It is possible that the Group’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows could be materially affected by an unfavorable outcome as a result of the review or any violation of the relevant PRC laws and regulations. As no amount is reasonably estimable, no loss contingencies were accrued in the accompanying financial statements for the uncertain outcome.

Concentration of customers and suppliers

There are no customers or suppliers from whom revenues or purchases individually represent greater than 10% of the total revenues or the total purchases of the Group for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021.

Concentration of credit risk

Assets that potentially subject the Group to significant concentrations of credit risk primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other receivables, short-term investments and long-term investments. The maximum exposure of such assets to credit risk is their carrying amounts as of the balance sheet dates. As of December 31, 2020 and 2021, substantially all of the Group’s cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments were held by major financial institutions located in the Mainland of China and Hong Kong, which the management believes are of high credit quality. On May 1, 2015, China’s new Deposit Insurance Regulation came into effect, pursuant to which banking financial institutions, such as commercial banks, established in the PRC are required to purchase deposit insurance for deposits in RMB and in foreign currency placed with them. This Deposit Insurance Regulation would not be effective in providing complete protection for the Group’s accounts, as the Group’s aggregate deposits are much higher than the compensation limit. However, the Group believes that the risk of failure of any of these PRC banks is remote. The Group expects that there is no significant credit risk associated with cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments which are held by reputable financial institutions in the jurisdictions where the Company, its subsidiaries and VIEs are located. The Group believes that it is not exposed to unusual risks as these financial institutions have high credit quality. The Group has no significant concentrations of credit risk with respect to the assets mentioned above.

The Group relies on a limited number of third parties to provide payment processing services (“payment service providers”) to collect amounts due from customers. Payment service providers are financial institutions, credit card companies and mobile payment platforms such as Alipay and WeChat Pay, which the Company believes are of high credit quality.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Accounts receivable are typically unsecured and are derived from revenues earned from customers in the PRC. The credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is mitigated by credit control policies the Group carries out on its customers and its ongoing monitoring process of outstanding balances.

Foreign currency exchange rate risks

The conversion of Renminbi into foreign currencies, including U.S. dollars, is based on rates set by the People’s Bank of China. The Renminbi has fluctuated against the U.S. dollar, at times significantly and unpredictably. The value of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and other currencies is affected by changes in China’s political and economic conditions and by China’s foreign exchange policies, among other things. It is difficult to predict how market forces or PRC or U.S. government policy may impact the exchange rate between Renminbi and the U.S. dollar in the future.

The Group is also exposed to foreign currency risk because of its international operations, particularly in Brazil and Mexico. While the Group generally expects to use any cash from operations in the same country where the Group receives that cash, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currency of that country and the Renminbi will be recorded as foreign currency translation adjustments in the Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Currency convertibility risk

The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of RMB into foreign currencies. The value of RMB is subject to changes in the central government policies and to international economic and political developments affecting supply and demand in the PRC foreign exchange trading system market. In the PRC, certain foreign exchange transactions are required by law to be transacted only by authorized financial institutions at exchange rates set by the People’s Bank of China (the “PBOC”). Remittances in currencies other than RMB by the Group in the PRC must be processed through PBOC or other Chinese foreign exchange regulatory bodies which require certain supporting documentation in order to process the remittance.

Operation and compliance risk

On July 27, 2016, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Commerce, the State Administration for Market Regulation and the CAC jointly promulgated the Interim Measures for the Management of Online Ride Hailing Operation and Service (“Interim Measures”), which took effect on November 1, 2016 and was last amended on December 28, 2019, to regulate the business activities of online ride hailing services by establishing a regulatory system for the platforms, vehicles and drivers engaged in online ride hailing services. In accordance with the Interim Measures, the platform that conducts the online ride hailing services is subject to obtain the necessary permit. The vehicles used for online ride hailing services must also obtain the transportation permit for vehicles, and the drivers engaged in online ride hailing services are required to meet certain requirements and pass the relevant exams.

The Group has not obtained the required permits for certain cities when the Group is required to do so, and not all drivers or vehicles on the platforms have the required licenses or permits. Therefore, the Group has been and may continue to be subject to fines as a result. If the Group fails to remediate the non-compliance with relevant law and regulation requirements, the Group could be subject to penalties and/or an order of correction, and as a result, the Group’s business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

In an effort to ensure compliance with applicable Interim Measures, the Group has continuously conducted the process to obtain the necessary licenses or permits in different cities. The Group is continuously making efforts to obtain necessary licenses or permits to mitigate the relevant compliance risk.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

3.43 Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

On January 1, 2021, the Group adopted Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740) (ASU 2019-12), which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The adoption of this new standard did not have a material impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

On January 1, 2021, the Group adopted Accounting Standards Update No. 2020-01, Investments — Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments — Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) (ASU 2020-01), which clarifies the interaction of the accounting for equity securities under Topic 321, the accounting for equity method investments in Topic 323, and the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options in Topic 815. The adoption of this new standard did not have a material impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

Business combinations

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Business combinations

Business combination

4 Business combinations

Acquisition of Kuaidi

On February 11, 2015, the Group acquired 100% of the equity of Kuaidi for a total consideration of RMB13,550,534 (US$2,209,987). Kuaidi was mainly engaged in the business of providing taxi hailing services in China. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination, resulting in the recognition of RMB8,383,084 (US$1,367,216) in goodwill in China Mobility segment and RMB1,770,093 (US$288,688) in intangible assets on the acquisition date.

Acquisition of Uber (China) Ltd. (“Uber China”)

On August 1, 2016, the Group acquired 100% of the equity of Uber (China) Ltd. (“Uber China”) for a total consideration of RMB46,531,937 (US$7,020,827). Uber China was mainly engaged in the business of providing ride hailing services in China. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination, resulting in the recognition of RMB37,900,795 (US$5,718,544) in goodwill in China Mobility segment and RMB11,633,403 (US$1,755,270) in intangible assets on the acquisition date.

Acquisition of 99 Taxis

On January 2, 2018, the Group acquired all of the outstanding equity interest in 99 Taxis not previously owned by the Group for a total consideration of RMB3,635,273 (US$566,863). 99 Taxis is a company engaged in business of providing ride hailing services in Brazil. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination, resulting in the recognition of RMB4,297,053 (US$670,058) in goodwill in International segment and RMB983,992 (US$153,438) in intangible assets on the acquisition date.

There were no material acquisitions for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021.

Financing transaction of Chengxin

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Financing transaction of Chengxin

Financing transaction of Chengxin

5 Financing transaction of Chengxin

In March 2021, Chengxin, the Group’s subsidiary engaged in community group buying business, entered into a series of agreements (“Agreements”) with external investors and the Group, pursuant to which,

a) Chengxin issued 92,367,521 number of Series A-1 Preferred Shares for a total consideration of US$923,675 to certain external investors, including an entity controlled by Softbank Group Corp., (“Softbank”) of US$43,162 (Note 26).

b) Chengxin issued 20,000,000 number of Series A-2 preferred shares to certain senior management of the Group and Chengxin, for a total consideration of US$200,000. To finance the purchase of Chengxin A-2 preferred shares, the senior management investment entity entered into secured term loans with Chengxin’s A-1-round investors for an aggregate amount of US$160,000.

5 Financing transaction of Chengxin (Continued)

c) Chengxin issued a zero-coupon seven-year convertible note due 2028 (“Convertible Note”) for an aggregate principal amount of US$3,000,000 to the Group.

As a result of the intense competition and tightening regulatory environment, Chengxin experienced an adverse change in its operating and financial performance during the third quarter of 2021. In light of the further adverse change during the fourth quarter of 2021 and challenge of obtaining additional financing, Chengxin revised its business plan to scale down significantly and undertake a strategic business model transition, aiming for a more sustainable operation in the near future. The fair value of the Group’s total investment in Chengxin was reduced to RMB 686,124 at December 31,2021 due to the above reason.

Accounting for the financing transaction of Chengxin

Pursuant to the Agreements and upon the completion of the above transaction on March 30, 2021 (“closing date”), the Group no longer holds the controlling financial interest in Chengxin. Accordingly, Chengxin was deconsolidated from the Group after March 30, 2021.

The financing transaction for Chengxin did not meet the discontinued operation criteria as it did not represent a strategic shift that has a major effect on the Group’s financial results. Upon the completion of the financing transaction of Chengxin, an unrealized gain of RMB9,058,144 was recognized in the investment income (loss), net on the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss for year ended December 31, 2021, measured as the difference between the fair value of its retained non-controlling equity investment in ordinary shares in Chengxin in the amount of RMB2,628,520, and the carrying amount of net liabilities of Chengxin of RMB6,429,624 as of March 30, 2021.

Given the Group’s investment in Chengxin’s ordinary shares and right to nominate three board members out of six, the Group had the ability to exercise significant influence over Chengxin. The Group elected to apply the fair value option to the Group’s investments in ordinary shares (Note 11). The Group also applies fair value accounting to the Group’s investments on the Convertible Note (Note 10), thereby providing consistency of accounting treatment. The investments in ordinary shares and in Convertible Note (collectively, the “Investment in Chengxin”) are measured at fair value on a recurring basis with changes in fair value reflected in earnings.

The fair value of the Investments in Chengxin upon the closing of the deconsolidation of RMB16,428,250 was determined by the Group with assistance of a third-party independent appraiser, using option-pricing model (“OPM”) and back-solve method. The fair value of the investments in Chengxin on December 31, 2021 of RMB686,124 was determined by the Group with the assistance of a third-party independent appraiser, using scenario-based model. Accordingly, the Group recognized the downward adjustments of fair value changes of RMB21,259,814 in Investments in Chengxin. Refer to Note 28 - Fair value measurement for the valuation approach and key inputs for the determination of the fair value of the Group’s Investments in Chengxin.

The Group determined that the fair value of exchange feature and call option aforementioned respectively were not significant to the consolidated financial statements.

Short-term investments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Short-term Investments.

Short-term Investments

6 Short-term investments

The following is a summary of short-term investments:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Time deposits stated at amortized cost	34,100,365	13,154,020
Structured deposits under fair value option	3,588,170	4,622
Other debt investments stated at amortized cost	—	185,112
Total	37,688,535	13,343,754

Accounts and notes receivable, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Accounts and notes receivable, net

Accounts and notes receivable, net

7 Accounts and notes receivable, net

Accounts and notes receivable, net consist of the following:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Accounts and notes receivable	2,994,181	3,482,011
Allowance for credit losses	(556,360)	(650,888)
Accounts and notes receivable, net	2,437,821	2,831,123

On January 1, 2020, the Group adopted ASC 326 using a modified retrospective method for accounts and notes receivable measured at amortized cost.

The operating lease receivable generated from lease vehicles to drivers and end-users, is recorded as accounts and notes receivable, net in the consolidated balance sheets. The operating lease receivable is subject to ASC 842 mentioned in Note 3.22.

The movement of the allowances for credit losses is as follows:



	For the Year Ended December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Beginning balance prior to ASC 326	(437,266)	(556,360)
Impact of adoption of ASC 326	(71,498)	—
Balance at beginning of the year	(508,764)	(556,360)
Provision	(448,720)	(596,908)
Write-offs	401,124	502,380
Balance at end of the year	(556,360)	(650,888)

Loans receivable, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Loans receivable, net

Loans receivable, net

8 Loans receivable, net

Loans receivable, net consists of the following:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Loans receivable	3,024,661	5,248,804
Allowance for credit losses	(146,432)	(604,506)
Loans receivable, net	2,878,229	4,644,298

The movement of the allowances for credit losses is as follows:



	For the Year Ended December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Beginning balance prior to ASC 326	(100,643)	(146,432)
Impact of adoption of ASC 326	(50,569)	—
Balance at beginning of the year	(151,212)	(146,432)
Provision	(153,560)	(557,129)
Write‑offs	158,340	99,055
Balance at end of the year	(146,432)	(604,506)

The aging analysis of loans receivable by due date as of December 31, 2020 and 2021 is as follows:


	Past Due
				91 Days
				or	Total Past
	1‑30 Days	31‑60 Days	61‑90 Days	Greater	Due	Current	Total
As of December 31, 2020	22,056	14,537	10,701	33,909	81,203	2,943,458	3,024,661
As of December 31, 2021	75,785	59,394	51,035	200,759	386,973	4,861,831	5,248,804

Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net and other non-current assets, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net and other non-current assets, net

Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net and other non-current assets, net

9 Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net and other non-current assets, net

Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net consist of the following:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Deductible VAT-input	1,871,768	1,553,800
Prepayments for promotion and advertising expenses and other operation expenses	175,267	371,149
Advances to employees	200,698	303,050
Prepayments for insurance costs	288,858	239,417
Inventories, net	261,550	197,957
Rental deposits and other deposits, net	346,032	189,840
Payments to drivers and partners on behalf of end-users	157,653	148,971
Short-term finance lease receivables, net	91,067	44,020
Interest receivables	13,142	13,293
Others, net	507,130	896,478
Total	3,913,165	3,957,975

Other non-current assets, net consist of the following:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB


Deductible VAT-input	—	1,070,370
Rental deposits and other deposits, net-noncurrent portion	—	203,154
Prepayments for long-term investments	107,283	200,000
Prepayments for purchase of property and equipment, net, and other non-current assets, net	650,771	166,425
Long-term finance lease receivables, net	94,508	41,579
Others, net	32,361	17,942
Total	884,923	1,699,470

The movement of the allowances for credit losses of short-term and long-term finance lease receivables is as follows:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Beginning balance prior to ASC 326	(3,871)	(72,167)
Impact of adoption of ASC 326	—	—
Balance at beginning of the year	(3,871)	(72,167)
(Provision)/ Reversal	(73,004)	12,757
Write‑offs	4,708	48,005
Balance at end of the year	(72,167)	(11,405)

Investment securities and other investments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Investment securities and other investments

Investment securities and other investments

10 Investment securities and other investments

As of December 31, 2020 and 2021, the Group’s investment securities and other investments comprised of i) marketable equity securities, which are publicly traded stocks or funds measured at fair value, ii) debt investments, which are accounted for at amortized cost, iii) debt investments, which the fair value option was selected.

The following table summarizes the carrying value and fair value of the investment securities:


	As of December 31, 2020
		Gross	Gross
		Unrealized/	Unrealized/	Foreign
		unrecognized	unrecognized	Currency
	Cost/Amortized	holding	holding	Translation	Fair
	cost	Gains	Losses	Adjustments	Value
	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB
Listed equity securities	814,452	37,516	(285,567)	6,562	572,963
— Investee A	600,000	—	(208,199)	—	391,801
— Others	214,452	37,516	(77,368)	6,562	181,162
Debt investments	3,687,601	—	—	—	3,687,601
—Time deposits stated at amortized cost	3,510,822	—	—	—	3,510,822
—Other debt investments stated at amortized cost	176,779	—	—	—	176,779
Total	4,502,053	37,516	(285,567)	6,562	4,260,564


	As of December 31, 2021
		Gross	Gross
		Unrealized/	Unrealized/	Foreign
		unrecognized	unrecognized	Currency
	Cost/Amortized	holding	holding	Translation	Fair
	cost	Gains	Losses	Adjustments	Value
	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB
Listed equity securities	7,661,212	6,300,946	(394,796)	(224,416)	13,342,946
— Investee A	600,000	—	(254,758)	—	345,242
— Investee B (Note 11)	6,751,890	5,573,162	—	(225,456)	12,099,596
— Others	309,322	727,784	(140,038)	1,040	898,108
Debt investments	24,202,483	14,383	(18,722,033)	(203,286)	5,291,547
— Convertible Note of Chengxin (Note 5)	19,563,591	—	(18,691,719)	(198,515)	673,357
—Time deposits stated at amortized cost	3,722,640	—	—	—	3,722,640
—Other debt investments stated at amortized cost	156,104	—	—	—	156,104
—Other debt investments under fair value option	760,148	14,383	(30,314)	(4,771)	739,446
Total	31,863,695	6,315,329	(19,116,829)	(427,702)	18,634,493

The following table summarizes debt investments stated at amortized cost classified by the contractual maturity date of the investments:


		As of December 31
		2021
		RMB
Due in 1 year through 2 years		2,932,717
Due in 2 years through 3 years		789,615
Thereafter		156,412
Total		3,878,744

Long term investments, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Long-term investments, net

Long term investments, net

11 Long-term investments, net


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Measurement Alternative method
Investment in Investee B (i)	3,828,560	—
Others	523,728	568,555
Total	4,352,288	568,555
Equity investments accounted for using equity method	2,752,734	4,033,402
Equity investment in Chengxin under fair value option (Note 5)	—	12,767
Total	7,105,022	4,614,724

a Measurement Alternative Method

The Group invested in multiple private companies which may have operational synergy with the Group’s core business. The Group’s equity investments without readily determinable fair value were accounted for using the Measurement Alternative method.

Impairment charges in connection with the Measurement Alternative investments of RMB1,450,840, RMB1,022,098 and nil were recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively, resulting from impairment assessments, considering various factors and events including adverse performance of investees, adverse industry conditions affecting investees, etc. The Group recognized a disposal gain of RMB60,089, RMB40,613 and RMB2,493,381 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

(i)Investment in Investee B

As of January 1, 2020 the Group held certain percentage of ordinary shares and preferred shares from Investee B, which were purchased in prior years. The investment in Investee B was accounted for Measurement Alternative as the Group could not impose significant influence in Investment B. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Investee B completed its initial public offering in NASDAQ Stock Exchange. As a result, the investment in Investee B was transferred from investments accounted for using the Measurement Alternative method to Investment securities and other investments, with the fair value determined based on the quoted price in the active market, adjusted by a discount for lack of marketability due to restrictions on trading the shares. As of December 31, 2021, the fair value of the Investment in Investee B was RMB 12,099,596.

b Equity method

The Group recorded proportionate share of losses of RMB685,903, RMB977,552 and RMB211,559 from equity investments accounted for using equity method for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. The Group also recognized impairment losses of RMB293,274, RMB79,875 and RMB264,292 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. The Group records both proportionate share of losses and impairment losses of its equity method investments as loss from equity method investments, net in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. In addition, the Group also recognized disposal gains of RMB756,301 in investment income (loss), net in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2021.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Group and SoftBank each made an additional investment amounted to RMB161,720 (JPY2,600,000) in Didi Mobility Japan Corporation (“Didi Japan”), an equity method investee of the Group established in 2018. Upon the closing of this transaction, the Group’s accumulated investment in Didi Japan increased to RMB433,950 (JPY6,950,000).

11 Long-term investments, net (Continued)

The Group summarizes the condensed financial information of the Group’s equity investments under equity method as a group below in accordance with Rule 4-08 of Regulation S-X:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB
Operating data:
Revenue	4,086,285	9,721,658	7,549,918
Gross profit (loss)	913,899	3,819,309	(4,257,022)
Income (loss) from operations	(1,718,998)	2,880,369	(16,489,595)
Net income (loss), net	(1,622,043)	2,881,779	1,999,569
Balance sheet data:
Current assets	9,930,387	14,591,256	54,810,598
Non‑current assets	10,596,081	16,999,044	17,656,885
Current liabilities	2,736,257	2,158,751	31,611,814
Non‑current liabilities	5,335,743	6,696,509	5,536,458
Convertible redeemable preferred shares and non‑controlling interests	1,536,299	2,703,764	7,160,924

The condensed financial information of the Group’s equity investments under equity method or under fair value option, for which the equity method otherwise would be required was summarized in the aggregate amount. As the Group’s shareholding interests in these investees vary among different equity method investees, which includes 3% to 5% interests in certain funds in the form of partnership, the Group recognized small proportionate share of gain or loss accordingly from these entities. In addition, the Group did not recognize the proportionate share of gain from Chengxin as the fair value option was selected for the equity investment of Chengxin. As a result, the loss from equity method investments, net in the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss is not comparable with the above table.

Property and equipment, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment, net

12 Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment, net consist of the following:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Bikes and e‑bikes	9,773,868	11,774,212
Vehicles	3,372,391	3,538,274
Computers and equipment	2,603,896	3,723,744
Leasehold improvement	522,789	644,251
Construction in progress	386,590	393,540
Others	42,417	35,057
Total	16,701,951	20,109,078
Less: Accumulated depreciation	(5,898,422)	(8,960,129)
Less: Accumulated impairment loss	(1,043,811)	(3,148,731)
Property and equipment, net	9,759,718	8,000,218

Depreciation expenses recognized for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 were RMB1,902,567, RMB3,275,144, and RMB4,220,521, respectively.

12 Property and equipment, net (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, the impairment losses for property and equipment were RMB125,134, RMB855,988 and RMB2,247,738, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the impairment charge of RMB751,065 on the vehicles leased to drivers in the PRC was mainly caused by the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Group’s China Mobility business. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the impairment charge of RMB2,164,409 on bikes and e-bikes was mainly caused by the adverse change in the operating and financial performance of the Group’s bikes and e-bikes business during the third quarter of 2021.

Operating leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Operating leases

Operating leases

13 Operating leases

Operating leases of the Group primarily consist of leases of offices, warehouses and data centers. The recognition of whether a contract arrangement contains a lease is made by evaluating whether the arrangement conveys the right to use an identified asset and whether the Group obtains substantially all the economic benefits from and has the ability to direct the use of the asset.

Operating lease assets and liabilities are included in the items of operating lease right-of-use assets, operating lease liabilities, current portion, and operating lease liabilities, non-current portion on the consolidated balance sheets.

The components of lease expenses for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 are as follows:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

Operating lease cost	580,613	681,841	726,359
Short‑term lease cost	83,509	128,865	467,384
Variable lease cost	89,284	80,015	121,353
Total lease cost	753,406	890,721	1,315,096

Supplemental cash flows information related to leases is as follows:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

Cash payments for operating leases	584,660	707,140	761,352
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	349,432	1,158,347	910,144

13 Operating leases (Continued)

As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s operating leases had a weighted average remaining lease term of 2.44 years and a weighted average discount rate of 4.75%.

Maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:


		As of December 31
		2021
		RMB

2022		583,947
2023		387,385
2024		164,561
2025		94,593
Thereafter		15,590
Total undiscounted lease payments		1,246,076
Less: imputed interest		(74,322)
Total lease liabilities		1,171,754

Intangible assets, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Intangible assets, net

Intangible assets, net

14 Intangible assets, net

The Group’s intangible assets, net consist of following:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB
Finite‑lived intangible assets
Non‑compete agreements	7,183,773	7,183,773
Trademarks, patents, software and others	5,250,164	5,268,168
Customer lists	1,562,198	1,553,507
Driver lists	304,784	296,332
Total	14,300,919	14,301,780
Less: accumulated amortization	(9,398,365)	(11,182,929)
Less: accumulated impairment loss	—	(287,270)
Net book value	4,902,554	2,831,581
Indefinite‑lived intangible assets
Online payment license	398,085	398,085
Others	56,479	56,479
Total	454,564	454,564
Finite and indefinite‑lived intangible assets	5,357,118	3,286,145

14 Intangible assets, net (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, amortization expenses amounted to RMB2,109,121, RMB1,993,945 and RMB1,824,762, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2021, impairment loss with the amount of RMB288,221 was recorded for the intangible assets generated from the acquisition of 99 Taxis. Refer to Note 15 Goodwill for further information.

As of December 31, 2021, amortization expenses related to intangible assets for future periods are estimated to be as follows:


		Amortization Expenses
		RMB
2022		1,604,324
2023		987,341
2024		124,115
2025		44,898
Thereafter		70,903
Total expected amortization expenses		2,831,581

Goodwill

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Goodwill.

Goodwill

15 Goodwill

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, the changes in the carrying value of goodwill by segment are as follows:


	China		Other
	Mobility⁽ⁱ⁾	International⁽ⁱⁱ⁾	Initiatives	Total
	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB
Balance as of January 1, 2019	46,283,879	3,877,445	93,704	50,255,028
Foreign currency translation adjustments	—	(91,786)	—	(91,786)
Balance as of December 31, 2019	46,283,879	3,785,659	93,704	50,163,242
Foreign currency translation adjustments	—	(1,039,070)	—	(1,039,070)
Balance as of December 31, 2020	46,283,879	2,746,589	93,704	49,124,172
Less: accumulated impairment loss	—	(2,492,826)	—	(2,492,826)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	—	(253,763)	—	(253,763)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	46,283,879	—	93,704	46,377,583

(i)	The Group performed qualitative impairment assessments for the goodwill arising from the acquisition of Kuaidi and Uber China in China Mobility and concluded that there was no impairment on its goodwill as of December 31, 2019, and 2020.

15 Goodwill (Continued)

Considering the adverse change in the operating and financial performance of China Mobility, the Group determined that a quantitative assessment was required at December 31, 2021. The impairment test compared the fair value of China Mobility to its carrying amount. The Group estimated the fair value by using the income approach, which considered a number of factors, including expected future cash flows and discount rate. Expected future cash flows are dependent on certain key assumptions including compound annual growth rate of revenue. These factors are subject to high degree of judgment and complexity. Based on the quantitative assessment results, the fair value of China Mobility exceeded its carrying amount by more than 30% as of December 31, 2021. In order to assess the impact of changes in certain significant inputs the Group performed a sensitivity analysis decreasing the annual growth rate and increasing the discount rate by 1%. This analysis still resulted in the fair value of China Mobility exceeding its carrying amount by a sufficient amount. Therefore, the Group concluded that there was no impairment of goodwill as of December 31, 2021. The significant decrease in the Group’s share price subsequent to December 31, 2021 is an indicator of possible goodwill impairment for China Mobility in 2022. As of the issuance date of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, the subsequent goodwill impairment assessment is still ongoing.

(ii)	The Group performed a qualitative impairment assessment for the goodwill arising from the acquisition of 99 Taxis in International and concluded that there was no impairment on its goodwill as of December 31, 2019.

As the global COVID-19 pandemic has increased the uncertainty on the ride hailing services in overseas countries, the Group performed a quantitative analysis on the reporting unit of 99 Taxis and concluded that there was no impairment of goodwill based on the quantitative assessment results as of December 31, 2020. Due to the longer-term trajectory of COVID-19 pandemic and complex and volatile market environment in Brazil, the Group performed a quantitative analysis on 99 Taxis as of December 31, 2021. The Group estimated the fair value by using the income approach, which considered a number of factors, including expected future cash flows and discount rate. Expected future cash flows are dependent on certain key assumptions including compound annual growth rate of revenue. Based on the quantitative assessment results, the fair value of the reporting unit was below its carrying amount as of December 31, 2021. Therefore, the Group recognized impairment of goodwill and intangible asset with the amount of RMB2,501,100 and RMB288,221, respectively for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Borrowings

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Borrowings

Borrowings

16 Borrowings

Short-term and long-term borrowings consist of the followings:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Short‑term borrowings	5,826,562	6,838,328
Long‑term borrowings	1,453,222	1,681,370
Total	7,279,784	8,519,698

16 Borrowings (continued)

Short-term borrowings

For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Group, through its subsidiary, issued three one-year asset-backed securitized debts, totaling RMB1,275,000 via certain securitization vehicles in the forms of asset backed security arrangement (the “ABSs”) established by the Group. The ABSs vehicle is considered as variable interest entities under ASC 810. As the Group has power to direct the activities that most significantly impact economic performance of the ABSs vehicle by providing the loan servicing and default loan collection services, and the Group has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE as the Group purchased all subordinated tranche securities, and the Group is obligated to bear the risk arising from any loans that are delinquent for more than certain days, accordingly, the Group is considered as the primary beneficiary of the ABSs and has consolidated the ABSs’ assets, liabilities, results of operations, and cash flows in the Group’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with ASC 810. Therefore, loans funded by the asset-backed securitized debts remain at the Group and are recorded as “loans receivable, net” on the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2021, the balance of the ABSs amounted to RMB629,013.

Other short-term borrowings were RMB dominated borrowings by the Group’s subsidiaries from financial institutions in the PRC and were pledged by vehicles and short-term investments or guaranteed by the subsidiaries of the Group. The weighted average interest rate for short-term borrowings as of December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 were approximately 4%, 3% and 3%, respectively.

Long-term borrowings

The Group has entered several borrowing agreements with credit facilities with banks, which allowed the Group to draw borrowings up to RMB11,616,192 from these facilities as of December 31, 2021. The borrowings drawn from these facilities bear annual interest rate of Loan Prime Rate (“LPR”) plus 35 to 75 points and were guaranteed by certain subsidiaries of the Group. The unused credit limits under these facilities was RMB10,520,636 as of December 31, 2021, out of which the facilities amount of US$1,650,000 under a revolving credit facility agreement was cancelled in March 2022 without any previous drawn-down.

The Group also entered into several borrowing agreements with certain banks and financial institutions pursuant to which the outstanding borrowings balance was RMB1,084,920 and RMB585,814 as of December 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively. These borrowings are guaranteed by certain subsidiaries of the Group or pledged by vehicles owned by the Group’s subsidiaries and bear interest at a range of 4%-7% per annum.

The Group’s short-term and long-term borrowings will be due according to the following schedule:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Within 1 year	5,826,562	6,838,328
Between 1 to 2 years	799,840	1,567,890
Between 2 to 3 years	653,382	113,480
Total	7,279,784	8,519,698

- Definition

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
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+ Details

Accounts and notes payable

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Accounts and notes payable

Accounts and notes payable

17 Accounts and notes payable

Accounts and notes payable consist of the following:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Payables related to service fees and incentives to drivers	4,487,439	3,306,362
Payables related to driver management fees	185,207	157,421
Other accounts payable	556,063	439,707
Notes payable	2,124,268	721,463
Total	7,352,977	4,624,953

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

18 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Employee compensation and welfare payables	1,977,077	2,253,437
Payables to merchants and other partners	1,732,060	1,664,684
Tax payables	497,297	1,645,335
Deposits	1,376,384	1,422,300
Payables and accruals for other cost and expenses	1,470,755	1,331,785
Payables related to service fees	626,934	883,770
Payables related to market and promotion expenses	1,655,578	842,558
Payables related to property and equipment	535,413	358,464
Payables related to warehouse rental and delivery cost	436,026	15,292
Others	996,436	1,229,597
Total	11,303,960	11,647,222

Segment reporting

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Segment reporting

Segment reporting

19 Segment reporting

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The chief operating decision maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments, has been identified as certain members of the Group’s management team, including the chief executive officer (“CEO”).

The Group operates in three operating segments: (i) China Mobility; (ii) International; (iii) Other Initiatives. The following summary describes the operations in each of the Group’s reportable segments:

●

China Mobility: China Mobility segment mainly includes (i) The Group acts as the principal in providing ride hailing services to riders; (ii) The Group acts as an agent by connecting end-users to service providers who provide taxi hailing, chauffeur, hitch and other services.

●

International: International segment includes ride hailing services and food delivery services offered in international markets.

19 Segment reporting (Continued)

●

Other Initiatives: Other Initiatives mainly consist of bike and e-bike sharing, certain auto solutions, intra-city freight, autonomous driving, etc.

The Group does not include inter-company transactions between segments for management reporting purposes. In general, revenues, cost of revenues and operating expenses are directly attributable, or are allocated, to each segment. The Group allocates costs and expenses that are not directly attributable to a specific segment, such as those that support infrastructure across different segments, to different segments mainly on the basis of usage or headcount, depending on the nature of the relevant costs and expenses. The Group currently does not allocate the assets to its segments, as its CODM does not use such information to allocate resources or evaluate the performance of the operating segments. The Group currently does not allocate other long-lived assets to the geographic operations as substantially all of the Group’s long-lived assets are located in the PRC. In addition, substantially all of the Group’s revenue is derived from within the PRC, therefore, no geographical information is presented.

The Group’s segment operating performance measure is segment Adjusted EBITA, which represents net income or loss before (a) certain non-cash expenses, consisting of share-based compensation expenses, amortization of intangible assets, and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets, which are not reflective of the Group’s core operating performance, and (b) interest income, interest expenses, investment income (loss), net, impairment loss for equity investments accounted for using Measurement Alternative, loss from equity method investments, net, other income (loss), net, and income tax benefits (expenses). The following table presents information about Adjusted EBITA and a reconciliation from the segment Adjusted EBITA to total consolidated loss from operations for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB
Revenues:
China Mobility	147,939,618	133,645,113	160,520,747
International	1,974,723	2,333,113	3,622,366
Other Initiatives	4,871,787	5,757,926	9,684,269
Total segment revenues	154,786,128	141,736,152	173,827,382
Adjusted EBITA:
China Mobility	3,844,176	3,959,902	6,129,122
International	(3,152,253)	(3,533,836)	(5,787,976)
Other Initiatives	(3,456,163)	(8,806,771)	(19,514,226)
Total Adjusted EBITA	(2,764,240)	(8,380,705)	(19,173,080)
Share‑based compensation expenses	(3,140,016)	(3,413,292)	(24,654,583)
Amortization of intangible assets⁽ⁱ⁾	(2,109,121)	(1,993,945)	(1,824,762)
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets (Note 15)	—	—	(2,789,321)
Total consolidated loss from operations	(8,013,377)	(13,787,942)	(48,441,746)

(i)	Amortization expenses in connection with business combinations were RMB2,093,941, RMB1,977,400 and RMB1,799,508 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

19 Segment reporting (Continued)

The following table presents the total depreciation expenses of property and equipment by segment for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

China Mobility	300,781	260,179	306,382
International	65,260	63,025	124,633
Other Initiatives	1,536,526	2,951,940	3,789,506
Total depreciation of property and equipment	1,902,567	3,275,144	4,220,521

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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+ Details

Income taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income taxes

Income taxes

20 Income taxes

Cayman Islands (“Cayman”)

The Cayman Islands currently levies no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, gains or appreciation and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance or estate duty. There are no other taxes likely to be material to the Group levied by the government of the Cayman Islands except for stamp duties which may be applicable on instruments executed in, or brought within the jurisdiction of the Cayman Islands. In addition, the Cayman Islands does not impose withholding tax on dividend payments.

British Virgin Islands (“BVI”)

Under the current laws of the British Virgin Islands, entities incorporated in British Virgin Islands are not subject to tax on their income or capital gains. In addition, payment of dividends by the British Virgin Islands subsidiaries to their respective shareholders who are not resident in the British Virgin Islands, if any, is not subject to withholding tax in the British Virgin Islands.

Hong Kong

Under the current Hong Kong Inland Revenue Ordinance, the Group’s subsidiaries in Hong Kong are subject to 16.5% Hong Kong profit tax on their taxable income generated from operations in Hong Kong. Additionally, payments of dividends by the subsidiaries incorporated in Hong Kong to the Company are not subject to any Hong Kong withholding tax.

PRC

The Company’s subsidiaries and VIEs in the PRC are governed by the Enterprise Income Tax Law (“EIT Law”), which became effective on January 1, 2008. Pursuant to the EIT Law and its implementation rules, enterprises in the PRC are generally subject to tax at a statutory rate of 25%. Certified High and New Technology Enterprises (“HNTE”) are entitled to a preferential tax rate of 15%. The HNTE certificate is effective for a period of three years. One of the Group’s subsidiary obtained the HNTE certificate in December 2019 and thereby enjoys a reduced tax rate of 15% for the three years ended December 31, 2021.

According to the relevant laws and regulations in the PRC, enterprises engaging in research and development activities were entitled to claim 150% of their research and development expenses incurred as tax deductible expenses when determining their assessable profits for that year (the “R&D Deduction”). The State Taxation Administration of the PRC announced in September 2018 that enterprises engaging in research and development activities would be entitled to claim 175% of their research and development expenses as R&D Deduction from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2023.

20 Income taxes (Continued)

The EIT Law also provides that enterprises established under the laws of foreign countries or regions and whose “place of effective management” is located within the PRC are considered PRC tax resident enterprises and subject to the PRC income tax at the rate of 25% on worldwide income. The definition of “place of effective management” refers to an establishment that exercises, in substance, overall management and control over the production and business, personnel, accounting, properties, and other aspects of an enterprise. If the Company is deemed as a PRC tax resident, it would be subject to the PRC tax under the EIT Law. The Company has analyzed the applicability of this law and believes that the chance of being recognized as a tax resident enterprise is remote for the PRC tax purposes.

The Company’s subsidiaries incorporated in other jurisdictions were subject to income tax charges calculated according to the tax laws enacted or substantially enacted in the countries where they operate and generate income.

Withholding tax on undistributed dividends

According to the current EIT Law and its implementation rules, foreign enterprises, which have no establishment or place in China but derive dividends, interest, rents, royalties and other income (including capital gains) from sources in China or which have an establishment or place in China but the aforementioned incomes are not connected with the establishment or place shall be subject to the PRC withholding tax (“WHT”) at 10% (a further reduced WHT rate may be available according to the applicable double tax treaty or arrangement provided that the foreign enterprise is the tax resident of the jurisdiction where it is located and it is the beneficial owner of the dividends, interest and royalties income).

The Group did not record any dividend withholding tax, as there were no taxable outside basis differences noted as of the end of the periods presented.

Income (loss) before income taxes consists of:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

Income (loss) from overseas entities	(4,172,691)	3,020,403	(7,665,988)
Loss from PRC entities	(5,908,358)	(13,931,143)	(41,502,270)
Loss before income taxes	(10,081,049)	(10,910,740)	(49,168,258)

Income tax expenses (benefits) consists of:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

Current income tax expenses	145,235	170,502	557,797
Deferred tax benefits	(493,243)	(473,704)	(391,477)
Total income tax expenses (benefits)	(348,008)	(303,202)	166,320

20 Income taxes (Continued)

Reconciliation of the differences between the PRC statutory tax rate and the Group’s effective tax rate is as below:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019		2020		2021
	RMB		RMB		RMB

PRC statutory tax rate	25.00	%	25.00	%	25.00	%
Tax effect of preferential tax treatments	(1.31)	%	(2.53)	%	(0.38)	%
Tax effect of permanent difference	(5.53)	%	(9.03)	%	(15.54)	%
Effect on tax rates in different tax jurisdiction	(7.30)	%	5.18	%	(0.50)	%
Changes in valuation allowance and others	(7.41)	%	(15.84)	%	(8.92)	%
Effective tax rate	3.45	%	2.78	%	(0.34)	%

The permanent differences mainly arose from share-based compensation expenses, R&D Deduction, and non-taxable interest income etc.

Significant components of the Group’s deferred tax balances are as follows:


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB
Deferred tax assets
Tax losses carryforwards	4,993,187	8,528,736
Advertising expenses in excess of deduct limit	1,045,473	1,830,543
Asset impairment and allowances for credit losses	749,373	1,575,404
Accrued expenses and others	2,176,173	1,732,080
Total deferred tax assets	8,964,206	13,666,763
Less: valuation allowance	(8,019,931)	(13,065,611)
Deferred tax assets, net	944,275	601,152
Deferred tax liabilities
Amortization expense of intangible assets	1,314,213	659,926
Depreciation expense of property and equipment, and others	282,826	202,513
Deferred tax liabilities	1,597,039	862,439

The Group does not recognise the deferred tax asset, net, from tax losses carryforwards as of December 31, 2021. The Group has tax losses in mainland China of RMB 34,586,000 that will expire in one to ten years for deduction against future taxable profits:


		As of December 31,
		2021
		RMB
Loss expiring in 2022		1,266,874
Loss expiring in 2023		2,217,239
Loss expiring in 2024		1,636,420
Loss expiring in 2025		7,707,475
Loss expiring in 2026 and thereafter		21,757,992
Total		34,586,000

As of December 31, 2021, the accumulated tax losses carryforwards of subsidiaries incorporated in Brazil of RMB 3,340,229 are allowed to be carried forward to offset against future taxable profits. The tax losses carryforwards in Brazil generally have no time limit.

20 Income taxes (Continued)

The Group offsets deferred tax assets and liabilities pertaining to a particular tax-paying component of the Group within a particular jurisdiction.


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Classification in the consolidated balance sheets:
Deferred tax assets, net	190,951	224,491
Deferred tax liabilities	843,715	485,778

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
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+ Details

Share based compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Share based compensation

Share based compensation

21 Share-based compensation

The table below presents a summary of the Group’s share-based compensation for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

Operations and support	85,083	80,139	193,552
Sales and marketing	196,042	210,513	326,332
Research and development	678,268	777,888	2,258,705
General and administrative	2,180,623	2,344,752	21,875,994
Total share-based compensation expenses	3,140,016	3,413,292	24,654,583
Investment income (loss), net*	—	—	178,506
Total share-based compensation	3,140,016	3,413,292	24,833,089

* The Company granted share-based awards under the 2017 Plan and 2021 Plan (as defined below) to the employees of an equity investee with no increase in the relative ownership percentage of the investee and no proportionate funding by other investors. Accordingly, the Company recognized the entire cost of the share-based awards as incurred, amounting to RMB178,506 in investment income (loss), net in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2021.

(a)

Share Incentive Plan

In December 2017, the Company adopted the Equity Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”), approved by the Board of Directors, which was subsequently amended. Share options, restricted shares and restricted share units (“RSUs”) under 2017 Plan may be granted to employees, directors and consultants of the Group and other related entities stipulated in the 2017 Plan. As of December 31, 2021, the maximum aggregate number of ordinary shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards under the 2017 Plan was 195,127,549 shares.

In June 2021, the Company adopted the 2021 Share Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”), approved by the Board of Directors under which share options, restricted shares and RSUs may be granted to its employees, directors and consultants of the Group and other related entities stipulated in the 2021 Plan. As of December 31, 2021, the maximum aggregate number of ordinary shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards under the 2021 Plan was 116,906,908 shares.

21 Share-based compensation (Continued)

Share-based awards granted under the 2017 Plan and the 2021 Plan have a contractual term of seven years from the stated grant date and are generally subject to a four-year vesting schedule as determined by the administrator of the plans. Depending on the nature and the purpose of the grant, share-based awards generally vest 15% upon the first anniversary of the vesting commencement date, and 25%, 25% and 35% in following years thereafter. In January 2022, the Company extended the contractual term for share options from seven years to ten years, effective as January 2022.

In April 2021, the Company approved granting 66,711,066 share options under the 2017 Plan to certain then directors and executive officers with a nominal exercise price per share, of which 63,501,066 share options granted to certain senior management were fully vested as the result of accelerated vesting. This resulted in share-based compensation expenses of RMB19,572,000 recognised in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021.

(b)Modification

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, 16,279,092, 20,280,382 and 1,020,551 existing share options were exchanged for 11,131,297, 25,905,827, and 688,826 new options, respectively, with different exercise prices, leading to incremental costs of RMB294,247, RMB98,153 and RMB5,678 on the respective modification dates.

(c)Share Options

A summary of activities of the share options for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020 and 2021 is presented as follows:


			Weighted
		Weighted	Average		Weighted
		Average	Remaining	Aggregate	Average
	Number of	Exercise	Contractual	Intrinsic	Grant Date
	Options	Price	Life	Value	Fair Value
		US$	In Years	US$	US$
Outstanding as of January 1, 2019	41,743,856	12.28	4.81	1,052,084	16.95
Granted	27,021,656	2.79			35.69
Modification	(5,147,795)	0.0001823			39.87
Forfeited/canceled	(5,216,527)	13.99			25.36
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019	58,401,190	5.45	4.54	2,010,425	27.59
Granted	12,981,876	0.62			38.30
Modification	5,625,445	11.80			28.45
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	(13,379,655)	11.80		405,191	28.45
Exercise of share options	(12,526,172)	11.80		379,344	28.45
Forfeited/canceled	(4,304,441)	5.86			34.20
Outstanding as of December 31, 2020	46,798,243	6.04	3.74	1,686,640	26.16
Granted	88,434,809	0.0001823			47.47
Modification	(331,725)	0.0001823			47.71
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	(68,616,887)	0.0001823		1,366,836	47.71
Exercise of share options	(9,640,697)	0.0001823		192,041	47.71
Forfeited/canceled	(4,067,894)	2.44			41.29
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021	52,575,849	4.90	3.40	789,898	30.18
Exercisable as of December 31, 2021	32,195,548	7.07	1.90	413,555	22.80
Vested and Expected to Vest at 31/12/2021	47,122,860	5.40	3.09	684,439	28.69

21 Share-based compensation (Continued)

The Group uses the binomial option pricing model to determine fair value of the share-based awards. The estimated fair value of each option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the binomial option-pricing model with the following assumptions:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
Fair value of ordinary shares (US$)	37.48 ‑ 39.87	37.65 ‑ 42.08	30.32 – 65.60
Expected volatility	32.8% ‑ 35.0%	31.0% ‑ 34.8%	33.6% - 37.8%
Risk‑free interest rate (per annum)	1.60% ‑ 2.40%	1.16% ‑ 1.69%	0.94% - 1.26%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%	0%
Expected term (in years)	7	7	7

Risk-free interest rate is estimated based on the yield curve of US Sovereign Bond as of the option valuation date. The expected volatility at the grant date and each option valuation date is estimated based on annualized standard deviation of daily stock price return of comparable companies with a time horizon close to the expected expiry of the term of the options. The Group has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its capital stock, and the Group does not anticipate any dividend payments in the foreseeable future. Expected term is the contract life of the options.

(d) Restricted shares and RSUs

A summary of activities of restricted shares and RSUs for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 is presented as follows:


			Weighted
		Weighted	Average
		Average	Remaining
	Number of	Grant Date	Contractual
	Shares	Fair Value	Life
		US$	In Years
Unvested at January 1, 2019	11,927,116	32.63	4.79
Granted	1,886,042	38.10
Vested	(4,775,362)	26.67
Forfeited/canceled	(1,311,125)	38.41
Unvested at December 31, 2019	7,726,671	36.64	4.82
Granted	1,249,178	38.74
Vested	(1,802,889)	39.14
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	13,379,655	39.87
Forfeited/canceled	(1,790,178)	39.05
Unvested at December 31, 2020	18,762,437	38.60	4.60
Granted	3,137,540	48.47
Vested	(64,990,673)	45.36
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	68,616,887	47.71
Forfeited/canceled	(2,248,496)	48.40
Unvested at December 31, 2021	23,277,695	41.21	5.28
Expected to vest at December 31, 2021	18,243,800	39.94	5.10

The share-based awards granted have 1) only service condition; 2) both service and performance conditions, where awards granted are only vested or exercisable upon the occurrence of an IPO or deemed liquidation events by the Group.

The Group recognized share-based compensation, net of estimated forfeitures, using the graded vesting attribution method over the vesting term of the awards for the service condition awards.

21 Share-based compensation (Continued)

The Group considered it is improbable that the IPO or deemed liquidation events performance conditions would be satisfied until the event occurred. As a result, the share-based compensation expenses of RMB1,235,497 for these awards were not recognized until June 30, 2021, which was near the completion of the Group’s IPO by using the graded-vesting method.

As of December 31, 2021, there were RMB2,361,592 of unrecognized compensation expenses related to the share options expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.88 years.

As of December 31, 2021, there were RMB2,374,164 of unrecognized compensation expenses related to restricted shares and RSUs, expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.81 years.

(e) Voyager’s share-based awards

In the first quarter of 2021, Voyager Group Inc. (“Voyager”), a subsidiary of the Group, adopted 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (“Voyager Incentive Plan”) under which share options, restricted shares and RSUs may be granted to employees, directors and consultants of Voyager, its subsidiaries, the VIEs and VIEs’ subsidiaries and other related entities stipulated in the Voyager Incentive Plan. As of December 31, 2021, the maximum aggregate number of ordinary shares which could be issued pursuant to all awards under the Plan was 16,666,667 shares. The share-based compensation expenses of RMB221,178 were recognized in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Share-based awards granted under the Voyager Incentive Plan have a contractual term of seven years from the stated grant date and are generally subject to a four-year or five-year vesting schedule as determined by the administrator of the plans. Depending on the nature, share-based awards generally vest 25% or 20% upon the first anniversary of the vesting commencement date, and 25% or 20% every year thereafter. Furthermore, certain share-based awards are both service and performance condition, where awards granted are only vested upon the occurrence of an IPO or deemed liquidation events by Voyager.

Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests

Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests

22 Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests

Financing transaction of Soda Technology Inc.

For the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, Soda Technology Inc. (“Soda”), the Group’s subsidiary, issued Series A preferred shares and B preferred shares (collectively as the “Soda Preferred Shares”) to external investors, including an entity controlled by Softbank (Note 26) and the Group with an aggregate cash consideration of US$1,264,000. Soda, through its subsidiaries and VIE, primarily engages in bike and e-bike sharing business. As of December 31, 2021, the Group still held the majority of total equity interests in Soda on a fully-diluted basis.

Financing transaction of Voyager Group Inc.

For the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, Voyager, the Group’s subsidiary, issued Series A preferred shares and Series B preferred shares (the “Voyager Preferred Shares”) to external investors, including an entity controlled by Softbank (Note 26) and the Group with an aggregate cash consideration of with an aggregate amount of US$825,000. Voyager, through its subsidiaries and VIE, primarily engages in the development and commercialization of autonomous vehicles. As of December 31, 2021, the Group continued to hold the majority of total equity interests on a fully diluted basis.

Financing transaction of City Puzzle Holding Limited

For the year ended December 31, 2021, City Puzzle Holdings Limited (“City Puzzle”), the Group’s subsidiary, issued Series A and Series A+ preferred shares (collectively as the “City Puzzle Preferred Shares”) to external investors and the Group with an aggregate cash consideration of US$1,340,000. City Puzzle primarily engaged in providing intra-city freight services. As of December 31, 2021, the Group held the majority of total equity interests on a fully diluted basis.

22 Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests (continued)

The Group determined that the Preferred Shares issued from the financing transactions aforementioned should be classified as mezzanine equity since they are contingently redeemable upon certain events. The convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests consist of the following:


	Convertible redeemable	Convertible non‑
	non‑controlling interests	controlling interests
	RMB	RMB
Balance as of December 31, 2019	—	—
Issuance of convertible redeemable non‑controlling interests and convertible non‑controlling interests, net of issuance costs	3,180,218	99,851
Accretion of convertible redeemable non‑controlling interests to redemption value	165,047	—
Balance as of December 31, 2020	3,345,265	99,851
Issuance of convertible redeemable non‑controlling interests and convertible non‑controlling interests, net of issuance costs	8,225,007	969,506
Accretion of convertible redeemable non‑controlling interests to redemption value	687,617	—
Balance as of December 31, 2021	12,257,889	1,069,357

Convertible preferred shares

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Convertible preferred shares

Convertible preferred shares

23 Convertible preferred shares

The following table summarizes the issuances of convertible preferred shares immediately before the conversion upon the Group’s IPO.


		Issuance	Total
		price	number of
Series	Issuance date	per share	shares issued
		US$
Series A‑1 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	11.3970	12,180,250
Series A‑2 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	11.4423	9,145,501
Series A‑3 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	11.4423	10,668,684
Series A‑4 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	11.6866	33,711,135
Series A‑5 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	12.0325	21,161,516
Series A‑6 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	12.7193	41,028,543
Series A‑7 convertible preferred shares	March 2013	0.0080	20,000,000
Series A‑8 convertible preferred shares	April 2013	0.1600	12,500,000
Series A‑9 convertible preferred shares	May 2013	0.9600	3,125,000
Series A‑10 convertible preferred shares	May 2013	0.9600	15,625,000
Series A‑11 convertible preferred shares	January 2014	2.9160	21,654,327	⁽ⁱ⁾
Series A‑12 convertible preferred shares	January 2014	3.2400	10,956,791
Series A‑13 convertible preferred shares	April 2014	3.8250	20,915,034
Series A‑14 convertible preferred shares	July 2014	7.3125	17,777,778
Series A‑15 convertible preferred shares	December 2014 to January 2015	12.2727	54,592,596
Series A‑16 convertible preferred shares	May 2015	18.9705	12,756,674
Series A‑17 convertible preferred shares	July 2015 to March 2016	27.4262	116,312,175
Series A‑18 convertible preferred shares	April 2016 to August 2017	38.2271	111,432,959
Series B‑1 convertible preferred shares	August 2016 to October 2017	119.0705	58,530,879
Series B‑2 convertible preferred shares	April 2017 to August 2019	50.9321	212,683,291

(i)	Including 4,507,550 Series A-11 preferred shares legally issued in 2018 upon the exercise of the warrant.

23 Convertible preferred shares (Continued)

The major rights, preferences and privileges of the preferred shares are as follows:

Conversion rights

All series except for Series B-1 preferred shares

Each of the preferred shares is convertible, at the option of the holder, into the Company’s ordinary shares at an initial conversion ratio of 1:1 at any time after the date of issuance of such preferred shares.

The preferred shares shall be automatically converted into ordinary shares (i) immediately prior to the consummation of a Qualified IPO or (ii) specified by written consent of Series A-1 to A-15 preferred shares holders, and at least 75% of voting power of the outstanding Series A-16 preferred shares holders, at least 75% of voting power of the outstanding Series A-17 preferred shares holders, at least 75% of voting power of the outstanding Series A-18 preferred shares holders, and at least 75% of voting power of the outstanding Series B-2 preferred shares holders.

Series B-1 preferred shares

Each of the preferred shares is convertible, at the option of the holder, into the 3 ordinary shares at the option of the Series B-1 preferred shares holders upon: 1) the consummation of an Qualified IPO, 2) the transfer of Such Series B-1 preferred shares pursuant to the certain agreement; 3) liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Company; 4) other extraordinary corporate transaction for which the Series B-1 preferred shareholders receive different treatment relative to the treatment applicable to Series A-18 preferred shareholders as if each Series B-1 Preferred Share shall have been converted into three Series A-18 Preferred Shares.

Dividend rights

The holders of preferred shares are entitled to receive non-cumulative dividends at a simple rate of 8% of original issuance price of preferred shares per annum as and when declared by the Board of Directors.

No dividends on preferred shares and ordinary shares have been declared for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021.

Liquidation preferences

In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, either voluntarily or involuntarily, the holders of preferred shares have preference over holders of ordinary shares with respect to payment dividends and distribution of assets. Upon liquidation, each preferred shareholder is entitled to be on parity with each other, and prior and in preference to any distribution of any of assets or funds of the Company to the ordinary shareholders.

The holders of Series A-4 to A-18 and B-1 to B-2 preferred shares shall receive an amount equal to 100% of original issuance price with respect to Series A-4 to A-18 and B-1 to B-2 preferred shares on an as-converted basis, plus all dividends declared and unpaid with respect thereto per share, then held by holders. The holders of Series A-1 to A-3 preferred shares shall receive an amount equal to 140% of original issuance price with respect to Series A-1 to A-3 preferred shares on an as-converted basis, plus all dividends declared and unpaid with respect thereto per share, then held by holders.

23 Convertible preferred shares (Continued)

Voting rights

The holder of each ordinary share issued and outstanding has one vote for each ordinary share held and the holder of each preferred shares (except for Series B-1 preferred shares) has the number of votes as equals to the number of ordinary shares then issuable upon their conversion into ordinary shares. The holder of each Series B-1 preferred shares has the number of votes as equal to one-third of the whole number of ordinary shares then issuable upon their conversion into ordinary shares except some specific matters.

Conversion upon IPO

In July, 2021, upon the completion of the Company’s IPO, all the issued and outstanding preferred shares were automatically converted into ordinary shares based on aforementioned conversion price.

Accounting for preferred shares

The Group has classified the preferred shares in the mezzanine equity of the consolidated balance sheets as they are considered as contingently redeemable upon a deemed liquidation events occurs in accordance with ASC 480-10-S99-3A (f).

The Group has determined that there was no beneficial conversion feature attributable to the preferred shares because the initial effective conversion prices of these preferred shares were higher than the fair value of the Company’s ordinary shares determined by the Company taking into account independent valuations.

The movement of preferred shares for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 is as follows:


	Total
	number of	Total
	shares	amount
		RMB
Balance as of January 1, 2019	805,979,968	186,278,055
Issuance of Series B‑2 convertible preferred shares, net of issuance costs	10,307,841	3,569,189
Balance as of December 31, 2019	816,287,809	189,847,244
Repurchase of Series A‑17 convertible preferred shares	(29,842)	(5,198)
Repurchase of Series A‑18 convertible preferred shares	(12,215)	(3,067)
Balance as of December 31, 2020	816,245,752	189,838,979
Conversion of preferred shares to ordinary shares	(816,245,752)	(189,838,979)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	—	—

The Group accounted for repurchases of preferred shares as retirements of treasury shares whereby the difference between the repurchase price and the carrying value of the repurchased preferred shares is accounted for as deemed dividend to the holders of preferred shares which were recorded against additional paid-in capital. The deemed dividend resulting from repurchases of preferred shares was RMB872 and nil for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

Ordinary shares

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Ordinary shares

Ordinary shares

24 Ordinary shares

As of December 31, 2021, the authorised share capital of the Company is US$100,000 divided into 5,000,000,000 shares, comprising of (i) 4,000,000,000 Class A ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.00002 each, (ii) 500,000,000 Class B ordinary shares with a par value of US$0.00002 each, and (iii) 500,000,000 shares with a par value of US$0.00002 each of such class or classes (however designated) as the board of directors may determine in accordance with the post-offering memorandum and articles of association. Holders of Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares have the same rights except for voting and conversion rights. Each Class A ordinary share is entitled to one vote, and is not convertible into Class B ordinary shares under any circumstances. Each Class B ordinary share is entitled to ten votes and is convertible into one Class A ordinary share at any time by the holder thereof.

In July 2021, the Company completed its IPO and 79,200,000 Class A ordinary shares were issued, with proceeds of RMB28,033,106 (US$4,331,978), net of underwriter commissions and relevant offering expenses. All of the preferred shares were automatically converted into 933,307,510 Class A ordinary shares immediately upon the completion of IPO. As of December 31, 2021, 1,074,091,492 Class A Ordinary Shares and 108,542,356 Class B Ordinary Shares were issued and outstanding by the Company.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
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Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Publisher FASB
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (i)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496158-112644

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(e)(1))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

+ Details

Loss per share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Loss per share

Loss per share

25 Loss per share

Basic loss per share and diluted loss per share have been calculated in accordance with ASC 260 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 as follows:


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to DiDi Global Inc.	(9,728,459)	(10,514,498)	(49,343,664)
Accretion of convertible redeemable non‑controlling interests to redemption value	—	(165,047)	(687,617)
Deemed dividends to preferred shareholders upon repurchases of convertible preferred shares	—	(872)	—
Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of DiDi Global Inc.	(9,728,459)	(10,680,417)	(50,031,281)
Denominator:
Weighted average number of Class A and Class B ordinary shares outstanding*	100,684,581	106,694,420	657,996,437
Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders
— Basic	(96.62)	(100.10)	(76.04)
— Diluted	(96.62)	(100.10)	(76.04)

*	Vested restricted shares and RSUs and vested shares options with minimal exercise price are considered outstanding in the computation of basic loss per share.

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, the Company had ordinary equivalent shares, including preferred shares, share options, restricted shares and RSUs granted. As the Group incurred loss for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, these ordinary equivalent shares were antidilutive and excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share of the Company. The weighted average numbers of preferred shares using the if converted method excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share of the Company were 927,108,381, 933,318,197 and 467,932,258 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. The weighted average numbers of share options, restricted shares and RSUs granted using the treasury stock method excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share of the Company were 22,825,892, 34,318,101and 68,967,807 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

Related party transactions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Related party transactions

Related party transactions

26 Related party transactions

Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operational decisions. Parties are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control. Related parties may be individuals or corporate entities.

Transactions with certain shareholders

The Group has commercial arrangements with two of the Group’s shareholders in the ordinary course of business, namely Alibaba and its subsidiaries (“Alibaba Group”), and Tencent and its subsidiaries (“Tencent Group”).

●

Transactions with Alibaba Group

The Group has commercial arrangements with Alibaba Group primarily related to ride hailing and enterprise solutions service within the China Mobility segment. The ride hailing and enterprise solutions services provided to Alibaba Group are conducted on an arm’s length basis compared with similar unrelated parties. All the revenues generated from Alibaba Group accounted for less than 0.2% of the Group’s total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

The Group also has commercial arrangement with Alibaba Group primarily related to cloud communication services and information technology platform services. The costs and expenses related to these services that were provided by Alibaba Group accounted for less than 0.3% of the Group’s total costs and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

●

Transactions with Tencent Group

The Group has commercial arrangements with Tencent Group primarily related to ride hailing and enterprise solutions services, as well as online advertising services. The services provided to Tencent Group are conducted on an arm’s length basis compared with similar unrelated parties. All the revenues generated from Tencent Group accounted for less than 0.1% of the Group’s total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

The Group also has commercial arrangements with Tencent Group primarily related to payment processing services, colocation services and cloud communication services. The costs and expenses related to these services that were provided by Tencent Group accounted for less than 0.7% of the Group’s total costs and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

Amounts due from Alibaba Group and Tencent Group related to the above services were RMB26,857 and RMB66,641 as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Amounts due to the Alibaba Group and Tencent Group related to the above services were RMB278,178 and RMB140,557as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

In addition, the Group has made certain financing transactions and an equity investment together with Softbank. The agreements for Softbank’s investments in those financing transactions and the equity investment were conducted on fair value basis and are disclosed in Note 5, Note 11 and Note 22.

26 Related party transactions (Continued)

Transactions with directors and executive officers

The Group provided certain loans to directors and executive officers of the Group. As of December 31, 2020 and 2021, the aggregate outstanding balances of these loans were RMB65,306 and nil, respectively.

Transactions with Chengxin

Revenues generated from intra-city freight and ride hailing and enterprise solution services provided to Chengxin were RMB277,350 for the year ended December 31, 2021 subsequent to Chengxin’s deconsolidation from the Group. The amount due from Chengxin relating to such services was RMB7,363 as of December 31, 2021.

The Group has a commercial framework arrangement with Chengxin under which the Group procured certain services from third vendors on behalf of Chengxin and charged Chengxin based on the actual cost of services provided by third party vendors, and shared a series of services with Chengxin, including services for middle and back offices, based on reasonable actual cost of the service agreed by both the Group and Chengxin. The procurement was accounted for as a settlement of liabilities by the Group on behalf of Chengxin. The share of services was accounted for as an allocation of costs and expenses from the Group to Chengxin. The amount due from Chengxin and advance payment made by Chengxin under the commercial framework arrangement above amounted to RMB10,750 and RMB87,961 as of December 31, 2021, respectively.

Transactions with other investees

Other than the transactions disclosed above or elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements, the Group has commercial arrangements with certain of its investees to provide or receive technical support and other services. The amounts relating to these services provided or received represented less than 0.2% of the Group’s revenues or total costs and expenses, for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

Commitments and contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Commitments and contingencies.

Commitments and contingencies

27 Commitments and contingencies

a Operating lease commitments

The Group has outstanding commitments on non-cancelable operating lease agreements which are expected to commence after December 31, 2021. Operating lease commitments contracted but not yet reflected in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2021 are as follows:


		Less than			Over 5
	Total	1 year	1-3 Years	3-5 Years	Years
Operating lease commitments	42,264	15,347	23,451	3,182	284

These operating leases will commence after December 31, 2021 with lease terms from 1 year to 6 years.

b Investment commitments

The Group’s investment commitments primarily relate to capital contribution obligations under certain arrangements which do not have contractual maturity date. Total investment commitments contracted but not yet reflected in the consolidated financial statements amounted to RMB24,534 as of December 31, 2021.

27 Commitments and contingencies (Continued)

c Litigation and other contingencies

From time to time, the Group is involved in claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Based on currently available information, the Group does not believe that the ultimate outcome of any unresolved matters, individually and in the aggregate, is reasonably possible to have a material adverse effect on the Group’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and the Group’s view of these matters may change in the future. The Group records a liability when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Group reviews the need for any such liability on a regular basis.

Starting in July 2021, the Company and certain of its officers and directors were named as defendants in several putative securities class actions filed in federal court and state court in the United States. These actions alleged, in sum and substance, that the registration statement and prospectus the Group prepared for its initial public offering contained material misstatements and omissions. Upon the issuance date of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, both the consolidated federal action and the state court action remain in their preliminary stages. The Group intends to vigorously defend itself against these claims and is currently unable to predict the timing, outcome or consequences of these actions, or estimate the possible loss or possible range of loss, if any, associated with the resolution of these lawsuits. The results from the lawsuits could have an adverse effect on the Group’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows in the future.

After our initial public offering in the United States, the SEC contacted the Company and made inquiries in relation to the offering. The Company are cooperating with the investigation, subject to strict compliance with applicable PRC laws and regulations. The Group is currently unable to predict the timing, outcome or consequences of such an investigation.

Fair value measurement

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Fair value measurement

Fair value measurement

28 Fair value measurement

The following table sets forth the financial instruments, measured at fair value, by level within the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2020 and 2021.


		Fair value measurement at reporting date using
		Quoted Prices
		in Active
		Markets for		Significant
		Identical	Significant Other	Unobservable
	December 31	Assets	Observable Inputs	Inputs
Items	2020	(Level 1)	(Level 2)	(Level 3)
	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB
Structured deposits under fair value option	3,588,170	—	3,588,170	—
Listed equity securities	572,963	572,963	—	—
Total	4,161,133	572,963	3,588,170	—

28 Fair value measurement (Continued)


		Fair value measurement at reporting date using
		Quoted Prices
		in Active
		Markets for		Significant
		Identical	Significant Other	Unobservable
	December 31	Assets	Observable Inputs	Inputs
Items	2021	(Level 1)	(Level 2)	(Level 3)
	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB
Structured deposits under fair value option	4,622	—	4,622	—
Listed equity securities	13,342,946	451,679	12,891,267	—
Equity investments in Chengxin	12,767	—	—	12,767
Convertible Note of Chengxin	673,357	—	—	673,357
Other debt investments under fair value option	739,446	—	739,446	—
Total	14,773,138	451,679	13,635,335	686,124

Recurring

When available, the Group uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of an asset or liability. If quoted market prices are not available, the Group will measure fair value using valuation techniques that use, when possible, current market-based or independently sourced market parameters, such as interest rates and currency rates. Following is a description of the valuation techniques that the Company uses to measure the fair value of assets that the Group reports in its consolidated balance sheets at fair value on a recurring basis.

Short-term investments

As there are no quoted prices in active markets for the investment at the reporting date, the Group classifies the valuation techniques that use these inputs as Level 2 of fair value measurement to estimate the fair value of investments in short-term investments with variable interest rates indexed to the performance of underlying assets,

Investments in Chengxin

The Group applies fair value accounting to both equity investment and investment in Convertible Note (Level 3) with assistance of a third-party independent appraiser. The Group applies significant judgments in estimating fair values of Chengxin including selection of valuation methods and significant assumptions used in valuation. The fair value of the Investments in Chengxin upon the deconsolidation was determined by referencing the most recent financing transaction in preferred shares aforementioned in Note 5 and used as an input to an OPM. Other key inputs to the OPM were discounts for lack of marketability(DLOM) relating to the ordinary shares and preferred shares of Chengxin ranging from 12% to 25%, volatility of 55% and time to liquidity of 5.0 years.

At December 31, 2021, the Group, with the assistance of third-party independent appraiser, remeasured the fair value of the Investment in Chengxin by using scenario-based model, which incorporates various estimates, including scenario probability estimates, projected cash flow for each scenario, discount rates and other factors. Two scenarios were considered, including a scenario in which Chengxin will continue to operate normally and complete an initial public offering (“Scenario I”) and a scenario in which Chengxin remains private with limited operating period (“Scenario II”), which were determined by the Company based on an analysis of performance and market conditions at the time. Under both scenarios, the total equity value was determined by using the income approach, specifically a discounted cash flow analysis with unobservable inputs including the discount rates of 22% and 20% respectively for Scenario I and Scenario II. The equity value under Scenario I was allocated on an as-if-fully-converted basis whereas under Scenario II equity value was allocated to each class of shares according to their seniority.

28 Fair value measurement (Continued)

Other investment securities

The Group values its listed equity securities in active markets using quoted prices for the underlying securities, the Group classifies the valuation techniques that use these inputs as Level 1. The Group values its listed equity securities under restrictions for trading based on quoted prices for the underlying securities, adjusted by a discount for lack of marketability, the Group classifies the valuation techniques that uses these inputs as Level 2. The fair value of the Group’s investments in convertible bonds is measured based on quoted market interest rates of similar instruments and other significant inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data. The Group classifies the valuation techniques that use these inputs as Level 2 of fair value measurement.

Cash equivalent, restricted cash, time deposits, short-term receivables and payables

Cash equivalent, restricted cash, time deposits, accounts and notes receivable, prepayments, receivables and other current assets are financial assets with carrying values that approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. Accounts and notes payables, customer advances and deferred revenue, accrued expenses and other current liabilities are financial liabilities with carrying values that approximate fair value due to their short-term nature.

Non-recurring

The Group measures equity investments without readily determinable fair values at fair value on a nonrecurring basis when an impairment charge is to be recognized. As of December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, certain investments were measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) and written down from their respective carrying values to fair values, considering the stage of development, the business plan, the financial condition, the sufficiency of funding and the operating performance of the investee companies, with impairment charges incurred and recorded in earnings for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021. The Group recognized impairment charges of RMB1,450,840 and RMB1,022,098, and nil for those investments without readily determinable fair values for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively, as well as impairment loss of RMB 293,274, RMB 79,875 and RMB 264,292 for equity method investments, for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. The fair value of the privately held investments is valued based on the discount cash flow model with unobservable inputs including the discount rate from 19% to 20%, or valued based on market approach with unobservable inputs including selection of comparable companies and multiples and estimated discount for lack of marketability.

The Group purchased a warrant from an investee which was not traded in an active market with readily observable quoted prices and measured at the fair value at the inception date by using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). Subsequently, the warrant expired during the year ended December 31, 2019, and the carrying value of warrant was reduced to nil.

The Group’s non-financial assets, such as intangible assets, goodwill and property and equipment, would be measured at fair value only if they were determined to be impaired. The Group reviews the long-lived assets and identifiable intangible assets other than goodwill for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, the Group recognized RMB125,134, RMB891,180 and RMB 2,535,959 of impairment loss on the long-lived assets other than goodwill based on management’s assessment (Level 3). In accordance with the Group policy to perform an impairment assessment of its goodwill on an annual basis as of the balance sheet date or when facts and circumstances warrant a review, the Group performed an impairment assessment on its goodwill of reporting units annually. The Group concluded that no write down was warranted for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020. For the year ended December 31, 2021, impairment loss with the amount of RMB2,501,100 was recorded for goodwill generated from the acquisition of 99 Taxis. The inputs used to measure the estimated fair value of the long-lived assets and goodwill are classified as Level 3 fair value measurement due to the significance of unobservable inputs using company-specific information. The valuation methodology used to estimate the fair value of the long-lived assets is discussed in Note 12 Property and equipment, net and Note 15 Goodwill for further information.

28 Fair value measurement (Continued)

As a result of the adverse change in the operating and financial performance of the Group’s bikes and e-bikes business during the third quarter of 2021, a quantitative impairment assessment was first performed based on the undiscounted future cash flows for each identifiable asset group within bikes and e-bikes business with unobservable inputs. The impairment was measured using the discount curve of discount rate of 16% for asset groups that failed the first step impairment test.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Restricted net assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Restricted net assets

Restricted net assets

29 Restricted net assets

PRC laws and regulations permit payments of dividends by the Group’s subsidiaries incorporated in the PRC only out of their retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. In addition, the Group’s subsidiaries incorporated in the PRC are required to annually appropriate 10% of their net income to the statutory reserve prior to payment of any dividends, unless the reserve has reached 50% of their respective registered capital. Furthermore, registered share capital and capital reserve accounts are also restricted from distribution. As a result of the restrictions described above and elsewhere under PRC laws and regulations, the Group’s subsidiaries incorporated in the PRC are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets to the Group in the form of dividends. Furthermore, cash transfers from the Company’s PRC subsidiaries to their parent companies outside of China are subject to PRC government control of currency conversion. Shortages in the availability of foreign currency may temporarily delay the ability of the PRC subsidiaries and consolidated affiliated entities to remit sufficient foreign currency to pay dividends or other payments to the Company, or otherwise satisfy their foreign currency denominated obligations. The restriction amounted to RMB16,900,585 as of December 31, 2021. Except for the above or disclosed elsewhere, there is no other restriction on the use of proceeds generated by the Group’s subsidiaries to satisfy any obligations of the Group.

The Group performed a test on the restricted net assets of its subsidiaries and VIEs in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-X Rule 4-08 (e) (3), “General Notes to Financial Statements” and concluded that the restricted net assets do not exceed 25% of the consolidated net assets of the Group as of December 31, 2021 and the condensed financial information of the parent company are not required to be presented.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of presentation

3.1 Basis of presentation

The consolidated financial statements of the Group have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Significant accounting policies followed by the Group in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements are summarized below.

Basis of consolidation

3.2 Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company, its subsidiaries, the VIEs and VIEs’ subsidiaries for which the Company is the ultimate primary beneficiary.

A subsidiary is an entity in which the Company, directly or indirectly, controls more than one half of the voting power, has the power to appoint or remove the majority of the members of the board of directors, to cast a majority of votes at the meeting of the board of directors or to govern the financial and operating policies of the investee under a statute or agreement among the shareholders or equity holders.

A VIE is an entity in which the Company’s subsidiary, through contractual arrangements, has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, bears the risks of and enjoys the rewards normally associated with ownership of the entity, and therefore the Company is the ultimate primary beneficiary of the entity.

All transactions and balances among the Company, its subsidiaries and the VIEs and VIEs’ subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation. The results of subsidiaries and VIEs acquired or disposed of during the year are recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss from the effective dates of acquisition or up to the effective dates of disposal, as appropriate.

Comparative information

3.3 Comparative information

The Company reclassified certain balances in prior years to conform to the current year presentation to relating to short-term investments and investment securities and other investments. Refer to note 3.11 and 3.16, respectively.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

3.4 Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic starting in January 2020 had an adverse impact on the Group’s business and operations including reduced demand for China Mobility and International business. During 2021, China also experienced increases in cases that have prompted the government to apply selective restrictions to movement of people within affected areas. As a result, the Group’s operating and financial performance for China Mobility have been adversely affected. The global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic may also result in global economic distress. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may affect the Group’s results of operations will depend on its future developments, which are difficult to predict.

As part of Chinese government’s effort to ease the burden of business affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration temporarily reduced or exempted contributions to the government-mandated employee welfare benefit plans from February 2020 to December 2020. In addition, the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration temporarily reduced VAT rate of 3% to zero on revenues derived from the provision of certain transportation services from January 2020 to March 2021 and from January 2022 to December 2022, respectively.

The Group continues to assess the impact from the COVID-19 pandemic. It is difficult to accurately predict the ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Group’s future business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows due to the uncertainty of numerous factors including the severity of the disease, the duration of the outbreak, additional actions that may be taken by governmental authorities, the further impact on the business of drivers, riders, and business partners, all of which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.

Use of estimates

3.5 Use of estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of the assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date, and the reported revenues and expenses during the reported periods.

The Group believes that (i) revenue recognition, (ii) assessment for impairment of goodwill, long-lived assets, intangible assets, (iii) determination of the estimated useful lives of long-lived assets, (iv) fair value of short-term, long-term investments and other financial instruments, (v) provision for credit losses of time deposits, accounts and notes receivable, loans receivable, contract assets, finance lease receivables and other receivables, (vi) determination of the fair value of ordinary shares, (vii) the purchase price allocation with respect to business combination and acquisition of equity method investees, (viii) valuation and recognition of share-based compensation expenses, (ix) provision for income tax and realization of deferred tax assets reflect the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. These estimates are inherently subject to judgment and actual results could differ from those estimates.

The Group considers the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (note 3.4) as well as the suspension of new user registration and takedown of 26 apps that the Group operates in China (note 3.42) on the assumptions and inputs (including market data) supporting certain of these estimates and judgments, in particular, in the impairment determination of the fair values of certain investments and goodwill and the recoverability of long-lived assets. The level of uncertainties and volatilities in the global financial markets and economies resulting from the pandemic as well as the uncertainties related to the outcome of the cybersecurity review means that these estimates may change in future periods, as new events occur and additional information is obtained.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Based on current assessment of these estimates, the Group did not identify additional impairment related to its goodwill or other long-lived assets except for the impairment charges described in Notes 12, 15 and 28 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

Functional currency and foreign currency translation

3.6 Functional currency and foreign currency translation

The Group uses Renminbi (“RMB”) as its reporting currency. The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiaries incorporated in the Cayman Islands,BVI and Hong Kong is United States dollars (“US$”) and the functional currency of the PRC entities in the Group is RMB. The Company’s subsidiaries with operations in other jurisdictions generally use their respective local currencies as their functional currencies. The determination of the respective functional currency is based on the criteria of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 830, Foreign Currency Matters.

Transactions denominated in currencies other than functional currency are translated into functional currency at the exchange rates quoted by authoritative banks prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Exchange gains and losses resulting from those foreign currency transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are recorded as other income (loss), net in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The foreign exchange loss amounted to RMB222,684 for the year ended December 31, 2019; and the foreign exchange gain amounted to RMB1,156,606 and RMB70,265 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

The financial statements of the Group are translated from the functional currency into RMB. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates at the balance sheet date. Equity accounts other than earnings generated in the current period are translated into RMB using the appropriate historical rates. Revenues and expenses, gains and losses are translated into RMB using the periodic average exchange rates. Translation adjustments are reported as foreign currency translation adjustments and are shown as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Convenience translation

3.7 Convenience translation

Translations of the consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of comprehensive loss and consolidated statements of cash flows from RMB into US$ as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021 are solely for the convenience of the reader and were calculated at the rate of US$1.00 = RMB6.3726, representing the index rates stipulated by the federal reserve board/the noon buying rate set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the U.S. Federal Reserve Board on December 30, 2021. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into US$ at that rate on December 30, 2021, or at any other rate.

Fair value measurement

3.8 Fair value measurement

Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Accounting guidance establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

●

Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

●

Level 2 — Observable, market-based inputs, other than quoted prices, in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

●

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Accounting guidance also describes three main approaches to measure the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset.

When available, the Group uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of an asset or liability. If quoted market prices are not available, the Group will measure fair value using valuation techniques that use, when possible, current market-based sourced market parameters, such as interest rates and currency exchange rates.

Cash and cash equivalents

3.9 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents represent cash on hand, time deposits and highly liquid investments placed with banks or other financial institutions, which are unrestricted as to withdrawal for use, and which have original maturities less than three months. As of December 31, 2020 and 2021, cash held in accounts managed by online payment platforms such as Alipay and WeChat Pay amounted to RMB1,266,695 and RMB2,212,704 respectively, which have been classified as cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated balance sheets.

Restricted cash and non-current restricted cash

3.10 Restricted cash and non-current restricted cash

Cash on hand, time deposits and highly liquid investments placed with banks or other financial institutions, which have original maturities less than three months, and which are restricted as to withdrawal for use or pledged as security are reported separately as restricted cash. The Group’s restricted cash is classified into current and non-current based on the length of restricted period. The Group's restricted cash primarily represents security deposits for the bank acceptance bills.

Short-term investments

3.11 Short-term investments

Short-term investments mainly consist of time deposits, structured deposits and other investments with maturities within 12 months. Time deposits include the balances placed with the banks with original maturities over three months, but less than one year and the long-term time deposits with a maturity date within one year. The investments that are expected to be realized in cash during the next twelve months are also included in short-term investments.

Structured deposits refer to the financial instruments with variable interest rates indexed to performance of underlying assets. The Group elected the fair value option (“FVO”) at the date of initial recognition to measure structured deposits at fair value. Changes in the fair value are reflected in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss as investment income (loss), net.

As discussed in Note 3.3, the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 have been adjusted to report “interest receivable” totalling RMB290,966 in short-term investments. That amount was previously reported in “Prepayments,receivables and other current assets, net”.

Accounts and notes receivable, net

3.12 Accounts and notes receivable, net

Accounts receivable, net represent uncollected fare payments from individual customers and enterprise customers and primarily consist of (i) uncollected fare payments from individual customers for completed transactions, (ii) fare amounts not yet settled with enterprise customers, (iii) uncollected invoiced amounts from enterprise customers for other services completed.

Notes receivable, net represent short-term notes receivable issued by reputable financial institutions that entitle the Group to receive the full-face amount from the financial institutions at maturity, which generally range from one to twelve months from the date of issuance.

The Group records an allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable to the amounts that may not be collected. Before January 1, 2020, the Group estimated the allowance based on historical experience, the age of the amount due, the customer payment and the customers’ creditworthiness, which were reviewed periodically and as needed, and amounts were written off when determined to be uncollectable.

From January 1, 2020, the Group determines the expected credit losses provisions based on ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASC 326”), detailed as Note 3.15.

Loans receivable, net

3.13 Loans receivable, net

Loans receivable, net primarily represent micro loans the Group offers to individual borrowers who are registered as riders, end-users or drivers via the Group’s platforms.

Measurement of loans receivable

Loans receivable are measured at amortized cost and reported on the consolidated balance sheets at outstanding principal adjusted for allowances for credit losses as the Group undertakes substantially all the risks and rewards for such loans offered.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Accrued interest receivable

Accrued interest income on loans receivable is calculated based on the contractual interest rate of the loan and recorded as revenue in Other Initiatives as earned in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Loans receivable are impaired and placed on non-accrual status upon reaching 90 days past due. When a loan receivable is placed on non-accrual status, the Group stops accruing interest and reverses all accrued but unpaid interest as of such date. Cash payment received on non-accrual loans receivable would be first applied to any unpaid principal and late payment fees, if any, before recognizing interest income.

Allowance for credit losses

The provision for credit losses reflects the best estimate of the losses inherent in the outstanding portfolio of loans. The Group considers a loan receivable to be delinquent when a monthly payment is one day past due. The Group writes off the loan receivable against the related allowance when management determines that full repayment of a loan is not probable. Generally, write-off occurs after the 180^th day of delinquency. The primary factor in making such determination is the assessment of potential recoverable amounts from the delinquent debtor.

Before January 1, 2020, the Group provided allowances for credit losses for loan and accrued interest receivables based primarily on historical loss experience using a rolling rate-based model applied to the loans receivable portfolios. The Group considered many factors, including but not limited to, the age of the amounts due, the payment history, the month of origination, the purpose of the loans, customers’ creditworthiness, financial conditions of the individual borrowers, terms of the loans, regulatory environment, and the general economic conditions, into the assessment of allowance for credit losses. From January 1, 2020, the Group determines the expected credit losses provisions based on ASC 326, detailed as Note 3.15.

Short-term and long-term finance lease receivables, net

3.14 Short-term and long-term finance lease receivables, net

The Group provides automobile finance lease services to individual customers and rental companies. The net investment of the lease is recorded as finance lease receivables upon the inception of the lease. The net investment in a lease consists of the minimum lease payments, net of executory costs plus the unguaranteed residual value, less the unearned interest income plus the unamortized initial direct costs related to the lease. The accrued interest is also included in the finance lease receivables balance. Over the period of a lease, each lease payment received is allocated between the repayment of the net investment in the lease and lease income based on the effective interest method so as to produce a constant rate of return on the net investment in the lease. The lease income is recorded as the Group’s revenues in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Initial direct costs of the finance leases are amortized over the lease term by adjusting against the related lease income. The investment in the leases, net of allowance for credit losses, is presented as finance lease receivables and classified as current or non-current assets in the balance sheets based on the duration of the remaining lease terms.

Before January 1, 2020, the Group estimated the balance of provision for credit losses of its finance lease receivables at each balance sheet date by applying an incurred loss model, mainly based on customer repayment activities, such as the historical loss rate and days past due information. The total balance of finance lease receivable was considered contractually past due if the minimum required payment was not received by the contractual repayment day. From January 1, 2020, the Group determines the expected credit losses provisions based on ASC 326, detailed as Note 3.15

Accrued lease income on finance lease receivables is calculated based on the effective interest rate of the net investment. Finance lease receivables are placed on non-accrual status upon reaching past due status for more than 90 days. When a finance lease receivable is placed on non-accrual status, the Group stopped accruing interest. Lease income is subsequently recognized only upon the receipt of cash payments.

Expected credit losses

3.15 Expected credit losses

In 2016, the FASB issued ASC 326, which amends previously issued guidance regarding the impairment of financial instruments by creating an impairment model that is based on expected losses. The Group adopted ASC 326 on January 1, 2020 using a modified retrospective approach which did not have a material impact on the opening balance of accumulated deficit.

The Group’s time deposits, accounts and notes receivable, loans receivable, contract assets, finance lease receivables and other receivables are within the scope of ASC 326. The Group has identified the relevant risk characteristics of its customers and the related receivables and other receivables which include size, type of the services or the products the Group provides, or a combination of these characteristics. Receivables with similar risk characteristics have been grouped into pools. For each pool, the Group considers the historical credit losses experience, current economic conditions, supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and any recoveries in assessing the lifetime expected credit losses. Other key factors that influence the expected credit losses analysis include customer demographics, payment terms offered in the normal course of business to customers, and industry-specific factors that could impact the Group’s receivables. Additionally, external data and macroeconomic factors are also considered. This is assessed at each quarter based on the Group’s specific facts and circumstances.

All forward-looking statements are, by their nature, subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Group’s control. Primarily as a result of the macroeconomic and market turmoil caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Group updated the model based on the continuously monitoring result and took the latest available information into consideration.

Investment securities and other investments

3.16 Investment securities and other investments

Investment securities and other investments consist of equity securities with readily determinable fair value as well as other investments which primarily consist of debt investments.

Equity securities with readily determinable fair value

The Group invests in marketable equity securities, which are publicly traded stock.

The Group carries these equity securities at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Debt investments

Debt investments are accounted for at amortized cost or under the fair value option. The Group has elected the fair value option for certain debt investments primarily consisting of convertible bonds with maturities of over one year. The fair value option permits the irrevocable election on an instrument-by-instrument basis at initial recognition of an asset or liability or upon an event that gives rise to a new basis of accounting for that instrument. The investments accounted for under the fair value option are carried at fair value with realized or unrealized gains (losses) recorded as investment income (loss), net in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Other debt investments, primarily consist of long term time deposits, which the balance placed with the bank with original maturities over 12 months, are measured at amortized cost. Interest income from debt investments is recognized using the effective interest method which is reviewed and adjusted periodically based on changes in estimated cash flows. As discussed in Note 3.3, comparative information have been adjusted to the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 to report “long-term time deposits” totaling RMB3,460,000 in investment securities and other investments, which was previously reported in “other non-current assets, net”.

Long-term investments

3.17 Long-term investments

The Group’s long-term investments consist of equity investments without readily determinable fair value and equity investments over which the Group has ability to exercise significant influence.

Equity securities without readily determinable fair value measured at Measurement Alternative

Equity securities except for those over which the Group has the ability to exercise significant influence, are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, according to ASC 321 “Investments — Equity Securities”, which the Group adopted beginning April 1, 2018. The Group elected to record the equity investments without readily determinable fair value using the Measurement Alternative at cost, less impairment, with subsequent adjustments for observable price changes resulting from orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer, if any. All realized and unrealized gains (losses) on the investments, are recognized in investment income (loss), net or impairment loss for equity investments accounted for using Measurement Alternative in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

For investments under the Measurement Alternative, the Group makes a qualitative assessment of whether the investment is impaired at each reporting date based on performance and financial position of the investee as well as other evidence of market value. Such assessment includes, but is not limited to, reviewing the investee’s cash position, recent financing, as well as the financial and business performance, and other significant judgment in considering various factors and events.

If a qualitative assessment indicates that the investment is impaired, the Group estimates the investment’s fair value in accordance with the principles of ASC 820. If the fair value is less than the investment’s carrying value, the Group recognizes an impairment loss in net loss equal to the difference between the carrying value and fair value. Significant judgment is applied by the Group in estimating the fair value to determine if an impairment exists, and if so, to measure the impairment losses for these equity security investments. These judgments include the selection of valuation methods in estimating fair value and the determination of key valuation assumptions used in cash flow forecasts.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Equity investments accounted for using the equity method

The Group applies the equity method to account for equity investments in common stock or in-substance common stock, according to ASC 323 “Investments — Equity Method and Joint Ventures”, over which it has significant influence but does not own a majority equity interest or otherwise control, unless the fair value option is elected. An investment in in-substance common stock is an investment in an entity that has risk and reward characteristics that are substantially similar to that entity’s common stock. The Group considers subordination, risks and rewards of ownership and obligation to transfer value when determining whether an investment in an entity is substantially similar to an investment in that entity’s common stock.

Under the equity method, the Group initially records its investment at cost and subsequently records its share of the results of the equity investees within a one quarter in arrears basis. The excess of the carrying amount of the investment over the underlying equity in net assets of the equity investee generally represents goodwill and intangible assets acquired. The Group subsequently adjusts the carrying amount of the investment to recognize the Group’s proportionate share of each equity investee’s net income or loss into the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss and recognize its share of post-acquisition movements in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a component of shareholders’ equity (deficit). When the Group’s share of losses in the equity investees equals or exceeds its interest in the equity investee, the Group does not recognize further losses, unless the Group has incurred obligations or made payments or guarantees on behalf of the equity investee, or the Group holds other investments in the equity investee.

The Group continuously reviews its investments in equity investees to determine whether a decline in fair value below the carrying value is other-than-temporary. The primary factors the Group considers in its determination are the duration and severity of the decline in fair value, the financial condition, operating performance and the prospects of the equity investee, and other company specific information such as recent financing rounds. If any impairment is considered other-than-temporary, the Group writes down the investment to its fair value and recognizes the impairment charge to the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

The Group elected to apply the fair value option to the investments in ordinary shares of Chengxin Technology Inc. (“Chengxin”) upon the closing of the deconsolidation of Chengxin,for which the equity method otherwise would be required. Refer to Note 5- Financing transaction of Chengxin for further information.

Property and equipment, net

3.18 Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Depreciation is primarily computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.

Bikes and e-bikes

Bikes and e-bikes are depreciated over the estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis. The initial estimated useful lives of such bikes and e-bikes are generally from 2 to 3 years.

Vehicles

Vehicles are depreciated over the estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis or accelerated basis. The initial estimated useful lives of such vehicles are 5 years. The Group also estimates the residual value of the vehicles at the expected time of disposal. The estimated residual values for vehicles are based on factors including model, age, and mileage. The Group makes annual assessments to the depreciation rates of vehicles in response to the latest market conditions and their effect on residual values as well as the estimated time of disposal. Changes made to estimates are reflected in vehicle-related depreciation expense on a prospective basis.

Other property and equipment

Other property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The gain or loss on the disposal of property and equipment is the difference between the net sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the relevant assets and is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Property and equipment have estimated useful lives as follows:


Categories		Estimated useful lives
Bikes and e‑bikes		2‑3 years
Vehicles		5 years
Computers and equipment		2‑5 years
Leasehold improvement		Lesser of estimated useful life or remaining lease terms
Others		5‑40 years

Construction in progress

Direct costs that are related to the construction of property and equipment and are incurred in connection with bringing the assets to their intended use are capitalized as construction in progress. Construction in progress is transferred to specific property or equipment, which are primarily relating to vehicles and bikes and e-bikes which are not ready for lease or use, and the depreciation of these assets commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.

Intangible assets, net

3.19 Intangible assets, net

Intangible assets are primarily acquired through business combinations or purchased from third parties. Intangible assets arising from business combinations are recognized and measured at fair value upon acquisition. Purchased intangible assets are initially recognized and measured at cost upon acquisition. Separately identifiable intangible assets that have determinable lives continue to be amortized over their estimated useful lives based upon the usage of the asset, which is approximated using a straight-line method as follows:


Categories		Estimated useful lives
Non‑compete agreements		6‑7 years
Trademark, patents and others		3‑20 years
Driver lists		5 years
Customer lists		5 years
Software		3-5 years
Online payment license*		Indefinite live
Others		Indefinite live

*

Acquired online payment license is considered to be an indefinite live and is carried at cost less any subsequent impairment loss. The Group is required to apply for the renewal of the license issued from government authorities each five years and the Group considered that there were no practical difficulties in the renewal process according to the industry practice.

Impairment of long-lived assets other than goodwill

3.20 Impairment of long-lived assets other than goodwill

Long-lived assets including property and equipment, intangible assets and other non-current assets other than goodwill are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of any impairment loss for long-lived assets that management expects to hold, or use is based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the asset. Judgment is used in estimating future cash flows, determining appropriate discount rates and making other assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of the long-live assets’ fair value. Refer to Note 12- Property and equipment, net and Note 14-Intangible assets, net for further information.

Goodwill

3.21 Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination.

Goodwill is not depreciated or amortized but is tested for impairment on an annual basis, and between annual tests when an event occurs, or circumstances change that could indicate that the asset might be impaired. The Group first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. In the qualitative assessment, the Group considers primary factors such as industry and market considerations, overall financial performance of the reporting unit, and other specific information related to the operations. If the Group decides, as a result of its qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is mandatory. Otherwise, no further testing is required. The quantitative impairment test consists of a comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss equal to the difference will be recorded. Application of a goodwill impairment test requires significant management judgment, including the identification of reporting units, assigning assets and liabilities to reporting units, assigning goodwill to reporting units, and determining the fair value of each reporting unit. The judgment in estimating the fair value of reporting units includes estimating future cash flows, determining appropriate discount rates and making other assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value for each reporting unit. The Group performs goodwill impairment testing at the reporting unit level on December 31 annually and more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. Nil, nil and RMB2,501,100 of impairment loss of goodwill was recognized for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020 and 2021, respectively. Refer to Note 15- Goodwill for further information.

Leases

3.22 Leases

The Group adopted ASC 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”) on January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective transition method through a cumulative-effect adjustment in the period of adoption rather than retrospectively adjusting prior periods and the package of practical expedient. The Group categorized leases with contractual terms longer than twelve months as either operating or finance lease.

Right-of-use (“ROU’) assets represent the Group’s rights to use underlying assets for the lease terms and lease liabilities represent the Group’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the leases. Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, reduced by lease incentives received, plus any initial direct costs, using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. If the implicit rate in lease is not readily determinable for the Group’s operating leases, the Group generally uses the incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. The Group’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Group will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Group elected not to separate non-lease components from lease components; therefore, it will account for lease components and the non-lease components as a single lease component when there is only one vendor in the lease contract for the office leases. Lease payments may be fixed or variable; however, only fixed payments or in-substance fixed payments are included in the lease liability calculation. Variable lease payments mainly include costs related to certain IDC facilities leases which are determined based on actual number of usages. Variable lease payments are recognized in operating expenses in the period in which the obligation for those payments are incurred.

For operating leases, lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For finance leases, lease expense is recognized as depreciation on a straight-line basis over the lease term and interest using the effective interest method.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Any lease with a term of 12 months or less is considered short-term. As permitted by ASC 842, short-term leases are excluded from the ROU asset and lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Consistent with all other operating leases, short-term lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Short-term and long-term borrowings

3.23 Short-term and long-term borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognized at fair value, net of upfront fees incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognized in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

Statutory reserves

3.24 Statutory reserves

In accordance with the relevant regulations and their articles of association, subsidiaries of the Group incorporated in the PRC are required to allocate at least 10% of their after-tax profit determined based on the PRC accounting standards and regulations to the general reserve until the reserve has reached 50% of the relevant subsidiary’s registered capital. Appropriations to the enterprise expansion fund and staff welfare and bonus fund are at the discretion of the respective company. These reserves can only be used for specific purposes and are not transferable to the Group in the form of loans, advances or cash dividends. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020 and 2021, appropriations to the general reserve amounted to RMB3,929, RMB9,159 and RMB11,414, respectively. No appropriations to the enterprise expansion fund or staff welfare and bonus fund have been made by the Group.

Revenue recognition

3.25 Revenue recognition

The Group adopted ASC 606 — “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” for all periods presented. According to ASC 606, revenues from contracts with customers are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Group’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Group expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services, after considering allowances for refund, price concession, discount and value added tax (“VAT”).

China Mobility

The Group generates revenues from providing a variety of mobility services through its mobility platform in the PRC (“China Mobility Platform”). The Group’s revenues from its ride hailing services in the PRC presented on a gross basis accounted for more than 97% of the total revenues from China Mobility for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. The Group also generates revenues from providing other mobility services such as taxi hailing, chauffeur, hitch and other services in the PRC.

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Ride hailing services in the PRC

The Group provides a variety of ride hailing services on its China Mobility Platform, mainly including Express, Premium, Luxe, Select, Piggy Express and Carpooling service lines in the PRC, and considers itself as the ride service provider according to the relevant regulations in the PRC and the ride service agreements entered into with riders. For all ride hailing services offered, names of the services and the service providers with the corresponding service agreements are displayed on the Group’s China Mobility Platform. Riders can choose ride hailing services from the Group’s China Mobility Platform based on their mobility needs and preferences. When a rider selects and initiates a ride service request, an estimated service fee is displayed and the rider can further decide whether to place the service request or not. Once the rider places the ride service request and the Group accepts the service request, a ride service agreement is entered into between the rider and the Group. Upon completion of the ride services, the Group recognizes ride hailing services revenues on a gross basis.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

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Principal versus agent considerations of ride hailing services in the PRC

According to the relevant regulations in the PRC, online ride hailing services platforms are required to obtain licenses and take full responsibility of the ride services. The relevant regulations also require the licensed platforms to ensure that the drivers and cars engaged in providing ride services meet the requirements stipulated by the regulations. Accordingly, the Group as an online ride hailing services platform considers itself as the principal for its ride services because it controls the services provided to riders. The control over the services provided to riders is demonstrated through: a) the Group is able to direct registered drivers to deliver ride services on its behalf based on the ride service agreement it entered into with riders. If the assigned driver is not able to deliver the service in limited circumstances, the Group will assign another registered driver to deliver the service; b) in accordance with the agreements entered into between the Group and the drivers, the drivers are obligated to comply with service standards and implementation rules set by the Group when providing the ride services on behalf of the Group; c) the Group evaluates drivers’ performance regularly in accordance with standards set by the Group. Other indicators of the Group being the principal are demonstrated by: a) the Group is obligated to fulfill the promise to provide the ride hailing services to riders in accordance with the above regulations in the PRC and the above service agreements; b) according to applicable necessary procedures, the Group has the discretion in setting the prices for the services.

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Taxi hailing, chauffeur and hitch services in the PRC

The Group provides a variety of other services on its China Mobility Platform, mainly including taxi hailing, chauffeur and hitch services. The Group considers itself as the agent for taxi hailing, chauffeur and hitch services and recognizes agency revenue earned from the service providers such as taxi drivers, chauffeur service providers and car owners from the hitch service.

International

The Group derives the revenues principally from ride hailing services in overseas countries, including Brazil and Mexico. The Group also generates revenues from food delivery services in overseas countries.

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Ride hailing services in overseas countries

The Group contracts with individual drivers to offer ride services on the Group’s mobility platform in overseas countries (“Overseas Mobility Platform”). When a rider raises a ride service request through the Group’s Overseas Mobility Platform, an estimated service fee is displayed and the rider can further decide whether to place the service request or not. Once the rider places the ride service request and a driver accepts the service request, a ride service agreement is entered into between the rider and the driver. The Group’s performance obligation is to facilitate and arrange the ride services between riders and drivers. The Group recognizes revenues from its service contracts with drivers upon completion of the ride services provided by drivers. In addition, in most overseas countries riders access the Group’s Overseas Mobility Platform for free and the Group has no performance obligation to the riders. As a result, in general, drivers are the Group’s customers, while riders are not.

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Principal versus agent considerations of ride hailing services in overseas countries

The Group considers itself as an agent for ride hailing services provided through its Overseas Mobility Platform because the Group does not control the services provided by drivers to riders as 1) the Group does not obtain control of the drivers’ services prior to its transfer to the riders; 2) the Group does not have the power to direct drivers to perform the service on its behalf; and 3) the Group does not integrate services provided by drivers with the Group’s other services and then provide them to riders. Other indicator of the Group being the agent is demonstrated by the drivers being obligated to fulfill the promise to provide the ride services according to the service agreements entered into between drivers and riders.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

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Food delivery services in overseas countries

The Group derives its food delivery revenue primarily from service fees paid by merchants and delivery persons for use of the platform and related services to successfully complete the services on the platform. The Group recognizes revenue when services provided to merchants and delivery persons are completed.

Other Initiatives

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Bike and e-bike sharing

The Group enters into rental agreements, with the users at the inception of each trip. The Group is responsible for providing access to the bikes and e-bikes over the user’s desired period of use. The Group derives a majority of the revenues from rental agreements, which are classified as operating leases as defined within ASC 842, and records the rental payments received as revenues upon the completion of each trip.

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Auto solutions

Auto solutions mainly include the leasing business through which the Group primarily leases vehicles to drivers who use them to provide ride hailing services in the PRC. The Group leases vehicles to drivers and end-users, and as a result, the Group generally considers itself to be the accounting lessor, as applicable, in these arrangements in accordance with ASC 842. The Group provides financial lease services and operating lease services to drivers and end-users through its platform as detailed below.

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Finance lease service in auto solutions

The Group primarily enters into lease arrangements with drivers, who lease vehicles from the Group to provide ride hailing services on the platform. The lease arrangements normally have three-year lease term and contain lessee bargain purchase options at prices substantially below the subject asset’s estimated residual value at the exercise date for the option. Consequently, the Group has classified these leases as finance leases for accounting purposes.

For such finance leases, the Group reports the discounted present value of (i) future minimum lease payments (including the bargain purchase option) and (ii) any unguaranteed residual value not subject to a bargain purchase option, as finance lease receivables on its balance sheet. The Group accrues interest on the balance of the finance lease receivables based on the effective interest rate inherent in the applicable lease over the term of the lease.

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Operating lease service in auto solutions

The Group provides operating lease service to drivers and end-users on its platform. Revenue from these services is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease period.

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Others

The Group provides a variety of other initiatives services on its platform, including intra-city freight and other services. The Group generally recognizes revenues when services are provided to its customers.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Contract balances

The Group classifies its right to consideration in exchange for services transferred to a customer as either a receivable or a contract asset. A receivable is a right to consideration that is unconditional as compared to a contract asset which is a right to consideration that is conditional upon factors other than the passage of time. The Group recognizes accounts receivable in its consolidated balance sheets when it performs a service in advance of receiving consideration and it has the unconditional right to receive consideration. A contract asset is recorded when the Group has transferred services to the customer before payment is received or is due, and the Group’s right to consideration is conditional on future performance or other factors in the contract. Contract assets amounting to RMB222,591 and RMB242,231 were recorded in accounts and notes receivable, net in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2021 respectively.

Contract liabilities are recognized if the Group receives consideration prior to satisfying the performance obligations, which typically include advance payments from ride hailing services in the PRC. Contract liabilities as of December 31, 2020 and 2021 were RMB915,430 and RMB546,003, respectively, recognized as deferred revenue and customer advances in the consolidated balance sheets. Substantially all of contract liabilities at each reporting period end are expected to be recognized as revenues during the following year. The differences between the opening and closing balances of the Group’s contract liabilities primarily result from the timing difference between the Group’s satisfaction of the performance obligation and the customer’s payment.

Incentive Programs

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Incentives to consumers considered as customers from an accounting perspective

For China Mobility segment, riders using ride haling service, taxi drivers, chauffeur service providers and car owners providing hitch service are considered as the customers of the Group. For International segment, drivers providing ride hailing services, merchants and delivery persons in food delivery service are considered as the customers of the Group. For Other Initiatives segment, users in bike and e-bike sharing, lessees in auto solutions and drivers providing intra-city freight service are considered as the customers of the Group.

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Customer incentives

The Group offers various incentive programs to the Group’s customers, including fixed amount discounts, performance-based bonus payment, etc. Incentives provided to customers are recorded as a reduction of revenue if the Group does not receive a distinct good or service or cannot reasonably estimate the fair value of the good or service received. Incentives to customers that are not provided in exchange for a distinct good or service are evaluated as variable consideration, in the most likely amount to be earned by the customers at the time or as they are earned by customers, depending on the type of incentives. Since incentives are earned over a short period of time, there is limited uncertainty when estimating variable consideration.

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Referring new customers

Incentives earned by customers for referring new customers are paid in exchange for a distinct service and are accounted for as customer acquisition costs. The Group expenses such referral payments as incurred in sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The Group applies the practical expedient under ASC 340-40-25-4 and expenses costs to acquire new customer contracts as incurred because the amortization period would be one year or less. The amount recorded as an expense is the lesser of the amount of the incentive paid or the established fair value of the service received. Fair value of the service is established using amounts paid to vendors for similar services.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

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Customer loyalty program

The Group’s riders participate in a reward program, which provides service discount vouchers and other gifts based on accumulated membership points that vary depending on the services received and fees paid, timing, and distances of each trip taken by the riders. The riders may redeem the amount of points in their membership points accounts in vouchers or other physical products via Didi Online Mall. Because the Group has an obligation to provide such vouchers and other gifts, the Group recognizes liabilities and accounts for the estimated cost of future usage of vouchers as contra-revenues when the membership points are awarded. As members redeem their points or their entitlements expire, the accrued liability is reduced correspondingly. The Group estimates the liabilities under customer loyalty program based on accumulated membership points and management’s estimate of probability of redemption in accordance with the historical redemption pattern. If actual redemption differs significantly from the estimate, it will result in an adjustment to the liability and the corresponding revenue.

Incentive Programs

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Incentives to consumers not considered as customers from an accounting perspective

For the China Mobility segment, the end-users of taxi hailing, chauffeur and hitch service are not considered to be the customers of the Group from an accounting perspective. For International segment, in general, the riders using ride hailing services and end-users in food delivery services are not considered to be the customers of the Group from an accounting perspective. For Other Initiatives, end-users of intra-city freight services are not considered to be the customers of the Group from an accounting perspective.

The Group at its own discretion offers incentives to such consumers to encourage their uses of its platform. These are offered in various forms that include:

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Customized consumer discounts and promotions

These discounts and promotions are offered to some consumers in a market to acquire, re-engage or generally increase the uses of the Group’s platform by such consumers, and are akin to a coupon. An example is an offer providing a discount on a limited number of rides during a limited time period. The Group records the cost of these discounts and promotions to such consumers as sales and marketing expenses at the time they are redeemed by the consumers.

●

Consumer referrals

These referrals are earned when an existing consumer (“the referring consumer”) refers a new consumer (“the referred consumer”) to the Group and the referred consumer uses services offered by the Group’s platform. These consumer referrals incentives are typically paid in the form of a credit given to the referring consumer. These referrals are offered to attract new consumer to the Group. The Group records the liability for these referrals and corresponding expenses as sales and marketing expenses at the time the referral is earned by the referring consumer.

Practical Expedients

The Group utilizes the practical expedient available under ASC 606-10-50-14 and does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.

The effect of a significant financing component has not been adjusted for contracts when the Group expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the Group transfers a promised good or service to the customer and the collection of the payments from the customers will be one year or less.

Cost of revenues

3.26 Cost of revenues

Cost of revenues, which are directly related to revenue generating transactions on the Group’s platform, primarily consists of driver earnings and driver incentives in ride hailing services of China Mobility segment, depreciation and impairment of vehicles, bikes and e-bikes, insurance cost related to service offering, payment processing charges, and bandwidth and server related costs.

Operations and support

3.27 Operations and support

Operations and support expenses consist primarily of personnel-related compensation expenses, including share-based compensation for the Group’s operations and support personnel, third party customer service fees, driver operation fees, other outsourcing fees and expenses related to general operations.

Sales and marketing expenses

3.28 Sales and marketing expenses

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising and promotion expenses, certain incentives paid to consumers not considered as customers from an accounting perspective, amortization of acquired intangible assets utilized by sales and marketing functions, and personnel related compensation expenses, including share-based compensation for the Group’s sales and marketing staff. Advertising and promotion expenses are recorded as sales and marketing expenses when incurred, and totaled RMB2,541,379, RMB5,088,880 and RMB5,401,408 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. Incentives provided to consumers amounted to RMB1,083,868, RMB2,100,671 and RMB7,465,226 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

Research and development expenses

3.29 Research and development expenses

Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel-related compensation expenses, including share-based compensation for employees in engineering, design and product development, depreciation of property and equipment utilized by research and development functions, and bandwidth and server related costs incurred by research and development functions. The Group expenses all research and development expenses as incurred.

General and administrative expenses

3.30 General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related compensation expenses, including share-based compensation for the Group’s managerial and administrative staff, allowances for doubtful accounts, office rental and property management fees, professional services fees, depreciation and amortization related to assets used for managerial functions, and other administrative office expenses.

Government grants

3.31 Government grants

Government grants are recognized as income in other income (loss), net or as a reduction of specific costs and expenses for which the grants are intended to compensate. Such amounts are recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss upon receipt and when all conditions attached to the grants are fulfilled.

Share-based compensation

3.32 Share-based compensation

The Group accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718 Compensation-Stock compensation (“ASC 718”). On January 1, 2019, the Group adopted ASU 2018-07, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718) Improvement to non-employee Share-based Payment Accounting to amend the accounting for share-based payment awards issued to non-employees. Under ASU 2018-07, the accounting for awards to non-employees are similar to the model for employee awards. Share-based awards issued to non-employees are generally recognized as general and administrative expenses, except to the extent the share-based compensation is recognized in the Group’s investment income (loss), net as certain share-based awards are issued to the employees of the certain equity investee.

Share-based awards with service conditions only are measured at the grant date fair value of the awards and recognized as expenses using the graded-vesting method, net of estimated forfeitures, if any, over the requisite service period. Share-based awards that are subject to both service conditions and the occurrence of an initial public offering (“IPO”) or deemed liquidation events as performance condition are measured at the grant date fair value. Cumulative share-based compensation expenses for the awards that have satisfied the service condition were recorded on June 30, 2021, which was very close to the completion of the Group’s IPO, using the graded-vesting method.

The Group, with the assistance of an independent third-party valuation firm, determined fair value of share-based awards granted to employees and non-employees. Prior to the IPO, the fair value of the restricted share units (“RSUs”) was assessed using the income approach/discounted cash flow method, with a discount for lack of marketability given that the shares underlying the awards were not publicly traded at the time of grant. This assessment requires complex and subjective judgments regarding the Group’s projected financial and operating results, its unique business risks, the liquidity of its ordinary shares and its operating history and prospects at the time the grants were made. The fair value of share options is estimated on the grant date using the Binomial option pricing model. The assumptions used in share-based compensation expenses recognition represent management’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and application of management judgment. Subsequent to the completion of the Group’s IPO, the fair value of ordinary shares and share-based awards were determined based on the market price of the Group’s publicly traded ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange.

According to ASC 718, a change in any of the terms or conditions of share-based awards shall be accounted for as a modification of the plan. Therefore, the Group calculates incremental compensation cost of a modification as the excess of the fair value of the modified option over the fair value of the original option immediately before its terms are modified, measured based on the fair value and other pertinent factors at the modification date. For vested options, the Group would recognize incremental compensation cost in the period the modification occurs and for unvested options, the Group would recognize, over the remaining requisite service period, the sum of the incremental compensation cost and the remaining unrecognized compensation cost for the original award on the modification date.

Segment reporting

3.33 Segment reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise engaging in businesses activities for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the Group’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance.

The Group’s internal organizational structure and business segments are more fully described in Note 19.

Taxation

3.34 Taxation

Income taxes

Current income tax is recorded in accordance with the laws of the relevant tax jurisdictions.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

The Group applies the liability method of income taxes in accordance of ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are provided based on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and the financial statements, using enacted tax rates that will be in effect in the period in which the differences are expected to reverse.

Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that such assets are more-likely-than-not to be realized. In making such a determination, the Group considers all positive and negative evidences, including results of recent operations and expected reversals of taxable income. Valuation allowances are provided to offset deferred tax assets if it is considered more-likely-than-not that amount of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Uncertain tax positions

The Group applies the provisions of ASC 740, in accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. ASC 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes by prescribing the recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. The Group has elected to classify interest and penalties related to an uncertain tax position (if and when required) as part of “income tax expenses” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The Group did not have any significant unrecognized uncertain tax positions or any unrecognized liabilities as of December 31, 2020 and 2021. The Group did not have any interest or penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefit for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021.

Employee benefits

3.35 Employee benefits

Employees of the Group in the PRC are entitled to staff welfare benefits including pension, work-related injury benefits, maternity insurance, medical insurance, unemployment benefit and housing fund plans through a PRC government-mandated multiemployer defined contribution plan. The Group is required to accrue for these benefits based on certain percentages of the employees’ salaries, up to a maximum amount specified by the local government. The Group is required to make contributions to the plans out of the amounts accrued. The PRC government is responsible for the medical benefits and the pension liability to be paid to these employees, and the Group’s obligations are limited to the amounts contributed with no legal obligation beyond the contributions made. Total amounts for such employee benefits, which were expensed as incurred, were RMB1,116,105, RMB1,030,111 and RMB1,808,321 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. The Group also makes payments to other defined contribution plans for the benefit of employees employed by subsidiaries outside of the PRC. Amounts contributed for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 were insignificant.

Comprehensive income (loss)

3.36 Comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) is defined to include all changes in equity (deficit) of the Group during a period arising from transactions and other events and circumstances excluding transactions resulting from investments by shareholders and distributions to shareholders. Comprehensive income (loss) includes net loss and currency translation adjustments of the Group and share of other comprehensive income (loss) of equity method investees.

Net loss per share

3.37 Net loss per share

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period using the two-class method. Under the two-class method, net loss is not allocated to other participating securities if based on their contractual terms they are not obligated to share in the loss.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Diluted loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders, as adjusted for the effect of dilutive ordinary equivalent shares, if any, by the weighted average number of ordinary and dilutive ordinary equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Ordinary equivalent shares consist of unvested restricted shares and RSUs, ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding share options using the treasury stock method, and ordinary shares issuable upon the conversion of preferred shares using the if-converted method, for periods prior to the completion of the IPO. Ordinary equivalent shares are not included in the denominator of the diluted earnings per share calculation when inclusion of such shares would be antidilutive. After the completion of the IPO, net loss per ordinary share is computed on Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares on the combined basis, because both classes have the same dividend rights in the Company’s undistributed net income.

Treasury shares

3.38 Treasury shares

The Group accounts for treasury shares using the cost method. Under this method, the cost incurred to purchase the shares is recorded in the treasury shares account in shareholders’ equity (deficit). The ordinary shares issued to trusts upon exercise of options, which are still subject to original conditions, are also accounted for as treasury shares in shareholders’ equity (deficit).

Business combinations and non-controlling interests

3.39 Business combinations and non-controlling interests

The Group accounts for its business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805 — “Business Combinations”. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the aggregate of the acquisition date fair value of the assets transferred to the sellers, liabilities incurred by the Group and equity instruments issued by the Group. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition are expensed as incurred. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured separately at their fair values as of the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any non-controlling interests. The excess of (i) the total costs of acquisition, fair value of the non-controlling interests and acquisition date fair value of any previously held equity interest in the acquiree over (ii) the fair value of the identifiable net assets of the acquiree is recorded as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognized directly in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. During the measurement period, which can be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Group may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Subsequent to the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any further adjustments are recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

In a business combination achieved in stages, the Group re-measures the previously held equity interest in the acquiree immediately before obtaining control at its acquisition date fair value and the re-measurement gain or loss, if any, is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

For the Group’s majority-owned subsidiaries, non-controlling interests are recognized to reflect the portion of their equity which is not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the Group.

When there is a change in ownership interests or a change in contractual arrangements that results in a loss of control of a subsidiary, the Group deconsolidates the subsidiary from the date control is lost. Any retained non-controlling investment in the former subsidiary is measured at fair value and is included in the calculation of the gain or loss upon deconsolidation of the subsidiary.

The Group allocates the acquisition cost to the assets and liabilities of the Group acquired, including separately identifiable intangible assets, based on their estimated fair values. The Group makes estimates and judgments in determining the fair value of acquired assets and liabilities, with the assistance of an independent valuation firm and management’s experience with similar assets and liabilities. In performing the purchase price allocation, the Group considers the analyses of historical financial performance and estimates of future performance of these companies acquired.

Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests

3.40 Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests

Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests represent preferred shares financing by subsidiaries of the Group from preferred shareholders. As the preferred shares could be redeemed by such shareholders upon the occurrence of certain events that are not solely within the control of the Group, these preferred shares are accounted for as redeemable non-controlling interests. The Group accounts for the changes in accretion to the redemption value in accordance with ASC topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. The Group elects to use the effective interest method to account for the changes of redemption value over the period from the date of issuance to the earliest redemption date of the non-controlling interests. The Group determined that the redemption features embedded in the convertible redeemable non-controlling interests do not meet the definition of a derivative as they cannot be net settled. Therefore, such feature was not bifurcated from the mezzanine classified as non-controlling interests.

Convertible non-controlling interests represent preferred share financing by subsidiaries of the Group from preferred shareholders, which are contingently redeemable upon certain deemed liquidation events occur. Such deemed liquidation events require the redemption of those preferred shares and cause them being classified outside of permanent equity.

Commitments and contingencies

3.41 Commitments and contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to contingencies, such as legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business, that cover a wide range of matters. The Group assesses these contingent liabilities, which inherently involves judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against the Group or unasserted claims that may result in legal proceedings, the Group, in consultation with its legal counsel, evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or unasserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein. An accrual for a loss contingency is recognized if it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of liability can be reasonably estimated. If a potential loss is not probable, but reasonably possible, or is probable but the amount of liability cannot be reasonably estimated, then the nature of contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of the reasonably possible loss, if determinable and material, is disclosed.

Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the nature of guarantee would be disclosed.

Significant risks and uncertainties

3.42 Significant risks and uncertainties

Cybersecurity review and apps takedown in China

On July 2, 2021, the PRC Cybersecurity Review Office posted an announcement to state that the Group was subject to a cybersecurity review and that the Cybersecurity Review Office required the Group to suspend new user registration in China during the review. On July 4, 2021, the Cyberspace Administration of China (the “CAC”) posted an announcement to state that the Group's DiDi Chuxing app collected personal information in serious violation of PRC laws and regulations. Pursuant to the PRC Cybersecurity Law, the CAC notified app stores to take down the DiDi Chuxing app in China and required the Group to strictly comply with relevant laws and regulations, follow the relevant standards set by the PRC government authorities, and rectify the problem to ensure the security of users’ personal information. On July 9, 2021, the CAC posted an announcement to state that it was confirmed that 25 apps that the Group operates in China, including the apps used by users and drivers, had the problem of collecting personal information in serious violation of relevant PRC laws and regulations. Pursuant to the PRC Cybersecurity Law, the CAC notified app stores to take down these apps in China, and required the Group to strictly comply with relevant laws and regulations, follow the relevant standards set by the PRC government authorities, and rectify the problem to ensure the security of users’ personal information.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Pursuant to the Cybersecurity Law, if a cyberspace operator or a cyberspace product or service provider infringes upon the legal rights of individuals’ personal information in violation of the relevant provisions under the Cybersecurity Law, it may be ordered by a competent authority to make rectifications, and may, depending on the seriousness of the case, be subject to warnings, confiscation of illegal gains, and/or monetary fines. In serious cases, the competent authority may order it to suspend the relevant business, suspend the business for rectification, close the website or revoke the relevant business permit or license. In addition, violation of the PRC Personal Information Protection Law may give rise to an order to rectify, warnings, confiscation of illegal gains, suspension or termination of services through the app illegally processing the personal information, monetary fines, and/or the suspension of business or revocation of business licenses or operating permits.

As of the issuance date of the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, the Group is currently unable to estimate the possible loss or range of possible loss associated with the fines or other penalties, if any, as a result of the cybersecurity review. The Group’s future business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows may be materially and adversely impacted by the suspension of new users registration and the takedown of 26 apps that the Group is operating in China. As of the issuance date of the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, the Group does not have information on whether or when the suspension of new users registration in China will be removed and whether or when the prohibition on the download of 26 apps that the Group is operating in China will be lifted.

The Group will continue to fully cooperate with the PRC government authorities relating to the cybersecurity review and rectification measures. The final outcome is subject to uncertainty. It is possible that the Group’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows could be materially affected by an unfavorable outcome as a result of the review or any violation of the relevant PRC laws and regulations. As no amount is reasonably estimable, no loss contingencies were accrued in the accompanying financial statements for the uncertain outcome.

Concentration of customers and suppliers

There are no customers or suppliers from whom revenues or purchases individually represent greater than 10% of the total revenues or the total purchases of the Group for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021.

Concentration of credit risk

Assets that potentially subject the Group to significant concentrations of credit risk primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other receivables, short-term investments and long-term investments. The maximum exposure of such assets to credit risk is their carrying amounts as of the balance sheet dates. As of December 31, 2020 and 2021, substantially all of the Group’s cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments were held by major financial institutions located in the Mainland of China and Hong Kong, which the management believes are of high credit quality. On May 1, 2015, China’s new Deposit Insurance Regulation came into effect, pursuant to which banking financial institutions, such as commercial banks, established in the PRC are required to purchase deposit insurance for deposits in RMB and in foreign currency placed with them. This Deposit Insurance Regulation would not be effective in providing complete protection for the Group’s accounts, as the Group’s aggregate deposits are much higher than the compensation limit. However, the Group believes that the risk of failure of any of these PRC banks is remote. The Group expects that there is no significant credit risk associated with cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments which are held by reputable financial institutions in the jurisdictions where the Company, its subsidiaries and VIEs are located. The Group believes that it is not exposed to unusual risks as these financial institutions have high credit quality. The Group has no significant concentrations of credit risk with respect to the assets mentioned above.

The Group relies on a limited number of third parties to provide payment processing services (“payment service providers”) to collect amounts due from customers. Payment service providers are financial institutions, credit card companies and mobile payment platforms such as Alipay and WeChat Pay, which the Company believes are of high credit quality.

3 Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

Accounts receivable are typically unsecured and are derived from revenues earned from customers in the PRC. The credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is mitigated by credit control policies the Group carries out on its customers and its ongoing monitoring process of outstanding balances.

Foreign currency exchange rate risks

The conversion of Renminbi into foreign currencies, including U.S. dollars, is based on rates set by the People’s Bank of China. The Renminbi has fluctuated against the U.S. dollar, at times significantly and unpredictably. The value of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and other currencies is affected by changes in China’s political and economic conditions and by China’s foreign exchange policies, among other things. It is difficult to predict how market forces or PRC or U.S. government policy may impact the exchange rate between Renminbi and the U.S. dollar in the future.

The Group is also exposed to foreign currency risk because of its international operations, particularly in Brazil and Mexico. While the Group generally expects to use any cash from operations in the same country where the Group receives that cash, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currency of that country and the Renminbi will be recorded as foreign currency translation adjustments in the Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Currency convertibility risk

The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of RMB into foreign currencies. The value of RMB is subject to changes in the central government policies and to international economic and political developments affecting supply and demand in the PRC foreign exchange trading system market. In the PRC, certain foreign exchange transactions are required by law to be transacted only by authorized financial institutions at exchange rates set by the People’s Bank of China (the “PBOC”). Remittances in currencies other than RMB by the Group in the PRC must be processed through PBOC or other Chinese foreign exchange regulatory bodies which require certain supporting documentation in order to process the remittance.

Operation and compliance risk

On July 27, 2016, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Commerce, the State Administration for Market Regulation and the CAC jointly promulgated the Interim Measures for the Management of Online Ride Hailing Operation and Service (“Interim Measures”), which took effect on November 1, 2016 and was last amended on December 28, 2019, to regulate the business activities of online ride hailing services by establishing a regulatory system for the platforms, vehicles and drivers engaged in online ride hailing services. In accordance with the Interim Measures, the platform that conducts the online ride hailing services is subject to obtain the necessary permit. The vehicles used for online ride hailing services must also obtain the transportation permit for vehicles, and the drivers engaged in online ride hailing services are required to meet certain requirements and pass the relevant exams.

The Group has not obtained the required permits for certain cities when the Group is required to do so, and not all drivers or vehicles on the platforms have the required licenses or permits. Therefore, the Group has been and may continue to be subject to fines as a result. If the Group fails to remediate the non-compliance with relevant law and regulation requirements, the Group could be subject to penalties and/or an order of correction, and as a result, the Group’s business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

In an effort to ensure compliance with applicable Interim Measures, the Group has continuously conducted the process to obtain the necessary licenses or permits in different cities. The Group is continuously making efforts to obtain necessary licenses or permits to mitigate the relevant compliance risk.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

3.43 Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

On January 1, 2021, the Group adopted Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740) (ASU 2019-12), which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The adoption of this new standard did not have a material impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

On January 1, 2021, the Group adopted Accounting Standards Update No. 2020-01, Investments — Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments — Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) (ASU 2020-01), which clarifies the interaction of the accounting for equity securities under Topic 321, the accounting for equity method investments in Topic 323, and the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options in Topic 815. The adoption of this new standard did not have a material impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

Organization and principle activities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Organization and principle activities

Schedule of the Company's major subsidiaries and VIEs

=
	Country/Place	Percentage of direct or
	and	indirect
	date of	economic ownership
	incorporation/	December 31,
Companies	establishment	2020	2021
Major Subsidiaries
Marvelous Yarra Limited	BVI, March 20, 2017	100%	100%
Holly Universal Limited	BVI, January 6, 2017	100%	100%
DiDi (HK) Science and Technology Limited	Hong Kong, August 2, 2013	100%	100%
Xiaoju Science and Technology (Hong Kong) Limited	Hong Kong, January 29, 2013	100%	100%
Beijing DiDi Infinity Technology and Development Co., Ltd. (“Beijing DiDi”)	PRC, May 6, 2013	100%	100%

Major VIEs (Including VIEs’ Subsidiaries)
Beijing Xiaoju Science and Technology Co., Ltd.	PRC, July 10, 2012	100%	100%
DiDi Chuxing Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (“DiDi Chuxing”)	PRC, July 29, 2015	100%	100%
Beijing DiDi Chuxing Technology Co., Ltd.	PRC, December 5, 2018	100%	100%
Chengzi (Shanghai) Internet Technology Co., Ltd.	PRC, June 14, 2016	100%	100%

Variable interest entities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Variable interest entities

Schedule of financial positions and operation results of the VIEs


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB
Cash and cash equivalents	9,674,912	18,499,058
Restricted cash	106,223	108,223
Short‑term investments	3,074,128	764,343
Accounts and notes receivable, net	1,928,636	1,622,379
Loans receivable,net	202,076	1,426,244
Amounts due from the Company and its non-VIE subsidiaries	17,136,259	20,730,377
Investment securities and other investments	3,396,426	4,708,537
Long-term investments, net	1,680,083	3,064,399
Property and equipment, net	73,978	349,510
Intangible assets, net	323,083	514,838
Other assets	1,959,459	1,329,105
Total assets	39,555,263	53,117,013
Short‑term borrowings	4,000,000	824,964
Accounts and notes payable	6,353,170	3,706,079
Amounts due to the Company and its non-VIE subsidiaries	35,269,949	58,675,506
Operating lease liabilities	674,185	238,261
Other liabilities	8,520,341	6,094,576
Total liabilities	54,817,645	69,539,386
Shareholders' deficit of VIEs	(15,262,382)	(16,422,373)
Total liabilities and shareholders' deficit of VIEs	39,555,263	53,117,013

2 Variable interest entities (Continued)


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB
Inter-company revenues	152	1,067,752	1,708,159
Third-party revenues	150,816,817	136,817,570	166,603,236
Total revenues	150,816,969	137,885,322	168,311,395
Inter-company costs and expenses	(9,557,049)	(12,895,784)	(15,320,699)
Third-party costs and expenses	(140,022,924)	(127,117,980)	(158,286,885)
Total costs and expenses	(149,579,973)	(140,013,764)	(173,607,584)
Income (loss) from operations	1,236,996	(2,128,442)	(5,296,189)
Income (loss) from non-operations	(688,178)	1,652,386	(358,813)
Income (loss) before income tax expenses	548,818	(476,056)	(5,655,002)
Income tax expenses	(9,786)	(66,808)	(302,047)
Net income (loss)	539,032	(542,864)	(5,957,049)
Net income (loss) attributable to DiDi Global Inc.	539,032	(542,864)	(5,957,049)

	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB
Net cash used in inter-company transactions	(7,880,749)	(13,313,253)	(1,212,002)
Net cash provided by operating activities with external parties	12,378,698	13,972,703	2,843,996
Net cash provided by operating activities	4,497,949	659,450	1,631,994
Net cash provided by investing activities with non-VIE subsidiaries	—	2,785,392	—
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities with external parties	(2,780,009)	(3,627,564)	2,688,546
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(2,780,009)	(842,172)	2,688,546
Inter-company loan financing from non-VIE subsidiaries	—	1,003,320	10,921,871
Inter-company loan financing to non-VIE subsidiaries	(1,000,000)	(1,000,000)	(3,000,000)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities with external parties	(100,000)	4,034,180	(3,416,265)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(1,100,000)	4,037,500	4,505,606

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of the significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether a variable interest (as defined) held by the entity requires the variable interest entity (VIE) (as defined) to be consolidated and (or) disclose information about its involvement with the VIE, individually or in aggregate (as applicable); the nature of restrictions, if any, on the consolidated VIE's assets and on the settlement of its liabilities reported by an entity in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets and liabilities; the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with involvement in the VIE; how involvement with the VIE affects the entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; the lack of recourse if creditors (or beneficial interest holders) of the consolidated VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary (if applicable); the terms of arrangements, giving consideration to both explicit arrangements and implicit variable interests, if any, that could require the entity to provide financial support to the VIE, including events or circumstances that could expose the entity to a loss; the methodology used by the entity for determining whether or not it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity; the significant factors considered and judgments made in determining that the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance are shared (as defined); the carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of the VIE included in the statement of financial position; the entity's maximum exposure to loss, if any, as a result of its involvement with the VIE, including how the maximum exposure is determined and significant sources of the entity's exposure to the VIE; a comparison of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities and the entity's maximum exposure to loss; information about any liquidity arrangements, guarantees, and (or) other commitments by third parties that may affect the fair value or risk of the entity's variable interest in the VIE; whether or not the entity has provided financial support or other support (explicitly or implicitly) to the VIE that it was not previously contractually required to provide or whether the entity intends to provide that support, including the type and amount of the support and the primary reasons for providing the support; and supplemental information the entity determines necessary to provide.

+ References + Details

Summary of significant accounting policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Summary of significant accounting policies

Schedule of estimated useful lives of property and equipment


Categories		Estimated useful lives
Bikes and e‑bikes		2‑3 years
Vehicles		5 years
Computers and equipment		2‑5 years
Leasehold improvement		Lesser of estimated useful life or remaining lease terms
Others		5‑40 years

Schedule of estimated useful lives of identifiable intangible assets


Categories		Estimated useful lives
Non‑compete agreements		6‑7 years
Trademark, patents and others		3‑20 years
Driver lists		5 years
Customer lists		5 years
Software		3-5 years
Online payment license*		Indefinite live
Others		Indefinite live

*

Acquired online payment license is considered to be an indefinite live and is carried at cost less any subsequent impairment loss. The Group is required to apply for the renewal of the license issued from government authorities each five years and the Group considered that there were no practical difficulties in the renewal process according to the industry practice.

Short-term Investments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Short-term Investments.

Schedule of short-term investments


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Time deposits stated at amortized cost	34,100,365	13,154,020
Structured deposits under fair value option	3,588,170	4,622
Other debt investments stated at amortized cost	—	185,112
Total	37,688,535	13,343,754

Accounts and notes receivable, net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Accounts and notes receivable, net

Schedule of accounts and notes receivable, net


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Accounts and notes receivable	2,994,181	3,482,011
Allowance for credit losses	(556,360)	(650,888)
Accounts and notes receivable, net	2,437,821	2,831,123

Schedule of movement of the allowances for credit losses



	For the Year Ended December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Beginning balance prior to ASC 326	(437,266)	(556,360)
Impact of adoption of ASC 326	(71,498)	—
Balance at beginning of the year	(508,764)	(556,360)
Provision	(448,720)	(596,908)
Write-offs	401,124	502,380
Balance at end of the year	(556,360)	(650,888)

Loans receivable, net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Loans receivable, net

Schedule of loans receivable, net


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Loans receivable	3,024,661	5,248,804
Allowance for credit losses	(146,432)	(604,506)
Loans receivable, net	2,878,229	4,644,298

Schedule of movement of the allowances for credit losses



	For the Year Ended December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Beginning balance prior to ASC 326	(100,643)	(146,432)
Impact of adoption of ASC 326	(50,569)	—
Balance at beginning of the year	(151,212)	(146,432)
Provision	(153,560)	(557,129)
Write‑offs	158,340	99,055
Balance at end of the year	(146,432)	(604,506)

Schedule of aging analysis of loans receivable by due date


	Past Due
				91 Days
				or	Total Past
	1‑30 Days	31‑60 Days	61‑90 Days	Greater	Due	Current	Total
As of December 31, 2020	22,056	14,537	10,701	33,909	81,203	2,943,458	3,024,661
As of December 31, 2021	75,785	59,394	51,035	200,759	386,973	4,861,831	5,248,804

Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net and other non-current assets, net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net and other non-current assets, net

Schedule of prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Deductible VAT-input	1,871,768	1,553,800
Prepayments for promotion and advertising expenses and other operation expenses	175,267	371,149
Advances to employees	200,698	303,050
Prepayments for insurance costs	288,858	239,417
Inventories, net	261,550	197,957
Rental deposits and other deposits, net	346,032	189,840
Payments to drivers and partners on behalf of end-users	157,653	148,971
Short-term finance lease receivables, net	91,067	44,020
Interest receivables	13,142	13,293
Others, net	507,130	896,478
Total	3,913,165	3,957,975

Schedule of other non-current assets, net


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB


Deductible VAT-input	—	1,070,370
Rental deposits and other deposits, net-noncurrent portion	—	203,154
Prepayments for long-term investments	107,283	200,000
Prepayments for purchase of property and equipment, net, and other non-current assets, net	650,771	166,425
Long-term finance lease receivables, net	94,508	41,579
Others, net	32,361	17,942
Total	884,923	1,699,470

Schedule of movement of the allowances for credit losses of short-term and long-term finance lease receivables


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Beginning balance prior to ASC 326	(3,871)	(72,167)
Impact of adoption of ASC 326	—	—
Balance at beginning of the year	(3,871)	(72,167)
(Provision)/ Reversal	(73,004)	12,757
Write‑offs	4,708	48,005
Balance at end of the year	(72,167)	(11,405)

Investment securities and other investments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Investment securities and other investments

Schedule of carrying value and fair value of the investment securities


	As of December 31, 2020
		Gross	Gross
		Unrealized/	Unrealized/	Foreign
		unrecognized	unrecognized	Currency
	Cost/Amortized	holding	holding	Translation	Fair
	cost	Gains	Losses	Adjustments	Value
	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB
Listed equity securities	814,452	37,516	(285,567)	6,562	572,963
— Investee A	600,000	—	(208,199)	—	391,801
— Others	214,452	37,516	(77,368)	6,562	181,162
Debt investments	3,687,601	—	—	—	3,687,601
—Time deposits stated at amortized cost	3,510,822	—	—	—	3,510,822
—Other debt investments stated at amortized cost	176,779	—	—	—	176,779
Total	4,502,053	37,516	(285,567)	6,562	4,260,564


	As of December 31, 2021
		Gross	Gross
		Unrealized/	Unrealized/	Foreign
		unrecognized	unrecognized	Currency
	Cost/Amortized	holding	holding	Translation	Fair
	cost	Gains	Losses	Adjustments	Value
	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB
Listed equity securities	7,661,212	6,300,946	(394,796)	(224,416)	13,342,946
— Investee A	600,000	—	(254,758)	—	345,242
— Investee B (Note 11)	6,751,890	5,573,162	—	(225,456)	12,099,596
— Others	309,322	727,784	(140,038)	1,040	898,108
Debt investments	24,202,483	14,383	(18,722,033)	(203,286)	5,291,547
— Convertible Note of Chengxin (Note 5)	19,563,591	—	(18,691,719)	(198,515)	673,357
—Time deposits stated at amortized cost	3,722,640	—	—	—	3,722,640
—Other debt investments stated at amortized cost	156,104	—	—	—	156,104
—Other debt investments under fair value option	760,148	14,383	(30,314)	(4,771)	739,446
Total	31,863,695	6,315,329	(19,116,829)	(427,702)	18,634,493

Schedule of debt investments stated at amortized cost, classified by the contractual maturity date of the investments


		As of December 31
		2021
		RMB
Due in 1 year through 2 years		2,932,717
Due in 2 years through 3 years		789,615
Thereafter		156,412
Total		3,878,744

Long-term investments, net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Long-term investments, net

Schedule of long-term investments, net


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Measurement Alternative method
Investment in Investee B (i)	3,828,560	—
Others	523,728	568,555
Total	4,352,288	568,555
Equity investments accounted for using equity method	2,752,734	4,033,402
Equity investment in Chengxin under fair value option (Note 5)	—	12,767
Total	7,105,022	4,614,724

Schedule of condensed financial information of the Group's equity investments under equity method


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB
Operating data:
Revenue	4,086,285	9,721,658	7,549,918
Gross profit (loss)	913,899	3,819,309	(4,257,022)
Income (loss) from operations	(1,718,998)	2,880,369	(16,489,595)
Net income (loss), net	(1,622,043)	2,881,779	1,999,569
Balance sheet data:
Current assets	9,930,387	14,591,256	54,810,598
Non‑current assets	10,596,081	16,999,044	17,656,885
Current liabilities	2,736,257	2,158,751	31,611,814
Non‑current liabilities	5,335,743	6,696,509	5,536,458
Convertible redeemable preferred shares and non‑controlling interests	1,536,299	2,703,764	7,160,924

Property and equipment, net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Property and equipment, net

Schedule of property and equipment, net


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Bikes and e‑bikes	9,773,868	11,774,212
Vehicles	3,372,391	3,538,274
Computers and equipment	2,603,896	3,723,744
Leasehold improvement	522,789	644,251
Construction in progress	386,590	393,540
Others	42,417	35,057
Total	16,701,951	20,109,078
Less: Accumulated depreciation	(5,898,422)	(8,960,129)
Less: Accumulated impairment loss	(1,043,811)	(3,148,731)
Property and equipment, net	9,759,718	8,000,218

Operating leases (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Operating leases

Schedule of components of lease expenses


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

Operating lease cost	580,613	681,841	726,359
Short‑term lease cost	83,509	128,865	467,384
Variable lease cost	89,284	80,015	121,353
Total lease cost	753,406	890,721	1,315,096

Schedule of supplemental cash flows information related to leases


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

Cash payments for operating leases	584,660	707,140	761,352
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	349,432	1,158,347	910,144

Schedule of maturities of lease liabilities


		As of December 31
		2021
		RMB

2022		583,947
2023		387,385
2024		164,561
2025		94,593
Thereafter		15,590
Total undiscounted lease payments		1,246,076
Less: imputed interest		(74,322)
Total lease liabilities		1,171,754

Intangible assets, net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Intangible assets, net

Schedule of intangible assets, net


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB
Finite‑lived intangible assets
Non‑compete agreements	7,183,773	7,183,773
Trademarks, patents, software and others	5,250,164	5,268,168
Customer lists	1,562,198	1,553,507
Driver lists	304,784	296,332
Total	14,300,919	14,301,780
Less: accumulated amortization	(9,398,365)	(11,182,929)
Less: accumulated impairment loss	—	(287,270)
Net book value	4,902,554	2,831,581
Indefinite‑lived intangible assets
Online payment license	398,085	398,085
Others	56,479	56,479
Total	454,564	454,564
Finite and indefinite‑lived intangible assets	5,357,118	3,286,145

Schedule of amortization expenses related to intangible assets for future periods


		Amortization Expenses
		RMB
2022		1,604,324
2023		987,341
2024		124,115
2025		44,898
Thereafter		70,903
Total expected amortization expenses		2,831,581

Goodwill (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Goodwill.

Schedule of changes in the carrying value of goodwill by segment


	China		Other
	Mobility⁽ⁱ⁾	International⁽ⁱⁱ⁾	Initiatives	Total
	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB
Balance as of January 1, 2019	46,283,879	3,877,445	93,704	50,255,028
Foreign currency translation adjustments	—	(91,786)	—	(91,786)
Balance as of December 31, 2019	46,283,879	3,785,659	93,704	50,163,242
Foreign currency translation adjustments	—	(1,039,070)	—	(1,039,070)
Balance as of December 31, 2020	46,283,879	2,746,589	93,704	49,124,172
Less: accumulated impairment loss	—	(2,492,826)	—	(2,492,826)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	—	(253,763)	—	(253,763)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	46,283,879	—	93,704	46,377,583

(i)	The Group performed qualitative impairment assessments for the goodwill arising from the acquisition of Kuaidi and Uber China in China Mobility and concluded that there was no impairment on its goodwill as of December 31, 2019, and 2020.

Short-term and Long-term borrowings (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Borrowings

Schedule of shortterm and Longterm borrowings


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Short‑term borrowings	5,826,562	6,838,328
Long‑term borrowings	1,453,222	1,681,370
Total	7,279,784	8,519,698

Schedule of short-term and long-term borrowings maturities


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Within 1 year	5,826,562	6,838,328
Between 1 to 2 years	799,840	1,567,890
Between 2 to 3 years	653,382	113,480
Total	7,279,784	8,519,698

Accounts and notes payable (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Accounts and notes payable

Schedule of accounts and notes payable


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Payables related to service fees and incentives to drivers	4,487,439	3,306,362
Payables related to driver management fees	185,207	157,421
Other accounts payable	556,063	439,707
Notes payable	2,124,268	721,463
Total	7,352,977	4,624,953

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Schedule of accrued expenses and other current liabilities


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Employee compensation and welfare payables	1,977,077	2,253,437
Payables to merchants and other partners	1,732,060	1,664,684
Tax payables	497,297	1,645,335
Deposits	1,376,384	1,422,300
Payables and accruals for other cost and expenses	1,470,755	1,331,785
Payables related to service fees	626,934	883,770
Payables related to market and promotion expenses	1,655,578	842,558
Payables related to property and equipment	535,413	358,464
Payables related to warehouse rental and delivery cost	436,026	15,292
Others	996,436	1,229,597
Total	11,303,960	11,647,222

Segment reporting (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Segment reporting

Schedule of Adjusted EBITA and a reconciliation from the segment Adjusted EBITA to total consolidated loss from operations


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB
Revenues:
China Mobility	147,939,618	133,645,113	160,520,747
International	1,974,723	2,333,113	3,622,366
Other Initiatives	4,871,787	5,757,926	9,684,269
Total segment revenues	154,786,128	141,736,152	173,827,382
Adjusted EBITA:
China Mobility	3,844,176	3,959,902	6,129,122
International	(3,152,253)	(3,533,836)	(5,787,976)
Other Initiatives	(3,456,163)	(8,806,771)	(19,514,226)
Total Adjusted EBITA	(2,764,240)	(8,380,705)	(19,173,080)
Share‑based compensation expenses	(3,140,016)	(3,413,292)	(24,654,583)
Amortization of intangible assets⁽ⁱ⁾	(2,109,121)	(1,993,945)	(1,824,762)
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets (Note 15)	—	—	(2,789,321)
Total consolidated loss from operations	(8,013,377)	(13,787,942)	(48,441,746)

(i)	Amortization expenses in connection with business combinations were RMB2,093,941, RMB1,977,400 and RMB1,799,508 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

Schedule of total depreciation expenses of property and equipment by segment


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

China Mobility	300,781	260,179	306,382
International	65,260	63,025	124,633
Other Initiatives	1,536,526	2,951,940	3,789,506
Total depreciation of property and equipment	1,902,567	3,275,144	4,220,521

Income taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income taxes

Schedule of income (loss) before income taxes


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

Income (loss) from overseas entities	(4,172,691)	3,020,403	(7,665,988)
Loss from PRC entities	(5,908,358)	(13,931,143)	(41,502,270)
Loss before income taxes	(10,081,049)	(10,910,740)	(49,168,258)

Schedule of income tax expenses (benefits)


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

Current income tax expenses	145,235	170,502	557,797
Deferred tax benefits	(493,243)	(473,704)	(391,477)
Total income tax expenses (benefits)	(348,008)	(303,202)	166,320

Reconciliation of the differences between the statutory tax rate and the effective tax rate


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019		2020		2021
	RMB		RMB		RMB

PRC statutory tax rate	25.00	%	25.00	%	25.00	%
Tax effect of preferential tax treatments	(1.31)	%	(2.53)	%	(0.38)	%
Tax effect of permanent difference	(5.53)	%	(9.03)	%	(15.54)	%
Effect on tax rates in different tax jurisdiction	(7.30)	%	5.18	%	(0.50)	%
Changes in valuation allowance and others	(7.41)	%	(15.84)	%	(8.92)	%
Effective tax rate	3.45	%	2.78	%	(0.34)	%

Schedule of significant components of the Group's deferred tax balances


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB
Deferred tax assets
Tax losses carryforwards	4,993,187	8,528,736
Advertising expenses in excess of deduct limit	1,045,473	1,830,543
Asset impairment and allowances for credit losses	749,373	1,575,404
Accrued expenses and others	2,176,173	1,732,080
Total deferred tax assets	8,964,206	13,666,763
Less: valuation allowance	(8,019,931)	(13,065,611)
Deferred tax assets, net	944,275	601,152
Deferred tax liabilities
Amortization expense of intangible assets	1,314,213	659,926
Depreciation expense of property and equipment, and others	282,826	202,513
Deferred tax liabilities	1,597,039	862,439

Schedule of future expirations of tax losses arising in PRC


		As of December 31,
		2021
		RMB
Loss expiring in 2022		1,266,874
Loss expiring in 2023		2,217,239
Loss expiring in 2024		1,636,420
Loss expiring in 2025		7,707,475
Loss expiring in 2026 and thereafter		21,757,992
Total		34,586,000

Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities classification in the consolidated balance sheets


	As of December 31
	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB

Classification in the consolidated balance sheets:
Deferred tax assets, net	190,951	224,491
Deferred tax liabilities	843,715	485,778

Share based compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Share based compensation

Summary of the Group's share-based compensation expense


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB

Operations and support	85,083	80,139	193,552
Sales and marketing	196,042	210,513	326,332
Research and development	678,268	777,888	2,258,705
General and administrative	2,180,623	2,344,752	21,875,994
Total share-based compensation expenses	3,140,016	3,413,292	24,654,583
Investment income (loss), net*	—	—	178,506
Total share-based compensation	3,140,016	3,413,292	24,833,089

* The Company granted share-based awards under the 2017 Plan and 2021 Plan (as defined below) to the employees of an equity investee with no increase in the relative ownership percentage of the investee and no proportionate funding by other investors. Accordingly, the Company recognized the entire cost of the share-based awards as incurred, amounting to RMB178,506 in investment income (loss), net in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2021.

(a)

Share Incentive Plan

Summary of activities of the share options


			Weighted
		Weighted	Average		Weighted
		Average	Remaining	Aggregate	Average
	Number of	Exercise	Contractual	Intrinsic	Grant Date
	Options	Price	Life	Value	Fair Value
		US$	In Years	US$	US$
Outstanding as of January 1, 2019	41,743,856	12.28	4.81	1,052,084	16.95
Granted	27,021,656	2.79			35.69
Modification	(5,147,795)	0.0001823			39.87
Forfeited/canceled	(5,216,527)	13.99			25.36
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019	58,401,190	5.45	4.54	2,010,425	27.59
Granted	12,981,876	0.62			38.30
Modification	5,625,445	11.80			28.45
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	(13,379,655)	11.80		405,191	28.45
Exercise of share options	(12,526,172)	11.80		379,344	28.45
Forfeited/canceled	(4,304,441)	5.86			34.20
Outstanding as of December 31, 2020	46,798,243	6.04	3.74	1,686,640	26.16
Granted	88,434,809	0.0001823			47.47
Modification	(331,725)	0.0001823			47.71
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	(68,616,887)	0.0001823		1,366,836	47.71
Exercise of share options	(9,640,697)	0.0001823		192,041	47.71
Forfeited/canceled	(4,067,894)	2.44			41.29
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021	52,575,849	4.90	3.40	789,898	30.18
Exercisable as of December 31, 2021	32,195,548	7.07	1.90	413,555	22.80
Vested and Expected to Vest at 31/12/2021	47,122,860	5.40	3.09	684,439	28.69

Schedule of assumptions to determine fair value of the share based awards


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
Fair value of ordinary shares (US$)	37.48 ‑ 39.87	37.65 ‑ 42.08	30.32 – 65.60
Expected volatility	32.8% ‑ 35.0%	31.0% ‑ 34.8%	33.6% - 37.8%
Risk‑free interest rate (per annum)	1.60% ‑ 2.40%	1.16% ‑ 1.69%	0.94% - 1.26%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%	0%
Expected term (in years)	7	7	7

Summary of activities of restricted shares and RSUs


			Weighted
		Weighted	Average
		Average	Remaining
	Number of	Grant Date	Contractual
	Shares	Fair Value	Life
		US$	In Years
Unvested at January 1, 2019	11,927,116	32.63	4.79
Granted	1,886,042	38.10
Vested	(4,775,362)	26.67
Forfeited/canceled	(1,311,125)	38.41
Unvested at December 31, 2019	7,726,671	36.64	4.82
Granted	1,249,178	38.74
Vested	(1,802,889)	39.14
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	13,379,655	39.87
Forfeited/canceled	(1,790,178)	39.05
Unvested at December 31, 2020	18,762,437	38.60	4.60
Granted	3,137,540	48.47
Vested	(64,990,673)	45.36
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	68,616,887	47.71
Forfeited/canceled	(2,248,496)	48.40
Unvested at December 31, 2021	23,277,695	41.21	5.28
Expected to vest at December 31, 2021	18,243,800	39.94	5.10

Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests

Schedule of convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests


	Convertible redeemable	Convertible non‑
	non‑controlling interests	controlling interests
	RMB	RMB
Balance as of December 31, 2019	—	—
Issuance of convertible redeemable non‑controlling interests and convertible non‑controlling interests, net of issuance costs	3,180,218	99,851
Accretion of convertible redeemable non‑controlling interests to redemption value	165,047	—
Balance as of December 31, 2020	3,345,265	99,851
Issuance of convertible redeemable non‑controlling interests and convertible non‑controlling interests, net of issuance costs	8,225,007	969,506
Accretion of convertible redeemable non‑controlling interests to redemption value	687,617	—
Balance as of December 31, 2021	12,257,889	1,069,357

Convertible preferred shares (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Convertible preferred shares

Schedule of convertible preferred shares immediately before the conversion upon the Group's IPO


		Issuance	Total
		price	number of
Series	Issuance date	per share	shares issued
		US$
Series A‑1 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	11.3970	12,180,250
Series A‑2 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	11.4423	9,145,501
Series A‑3 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	11.4423	10,668,684
Series A‑4 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	11.6866	33,711,135
Series A‑5 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	12.0325	21,161,516
Series A‑6 convertible preferred shares	February 2015	12.7193	41,028,543
Series A‑7 convertible preferred shares	March 2013	0.0080	20,000,000
Series A‑8 convertible preferred shares	April 2013	0.1600	12,500,000
Series A‑9 convertible preferred shares	May 2013	0.9600	3,125,000
Series A‑10 convertible preferred shares	May 2013	0.9600	15,625,000
Series A‑11 convertible preferred shares	January 2014	2.9160	21,654,327	⁽ⁱ⁾
Series A‑12 convertible preferred shares	January 2014	3.2400	10,956,791
Series A‑13 convertible preferred shares	April 2014	3.8250	20,915,034
Series A‑14 convertible preferred shares	July 2014	7.3125	17,777,778
Series A‑15 convertible preferred shares	December 2014 to January 2015	12.2727	54,592,596
Series A‑16 convertible preferred shares	May 2015	18.9705	12,756,674
Series A‑17 convertible preferred shares	July 2015 to March 2016	27.4262	116,312,175
Series A‑18 convertible preferred shares	April 2016 to August 2017	38.2271	111,432,959
Series B‑1 convertible preferred shares	August 2016 to October 2017	119.0705	58,530,879
Series B‑2 convertible preferred shares	April 2017 to August 2019	50.9321	212,683,291

(i)	Including 4,507,550 Series A-11 preferred shares legally issued in 2018 upon the exercise of the warrant.

Schedule of movement of convertible preferred shares


	Total
	number of	Total
	shares	amount
		RMB
Balance as of January 1, 2019	805,979,968	186,278,055
Issuance of Series B‑2 convertible preferred shares, net of issuance costs	10,307,841	3,569,189
Balance as of December 31, 2019	816,287,809	189,847,244
Repurchase of Series A‑17 convertible preferred shares	(29,842)	(5,198)
Repurchase of Series A‑18 convertible preferred shares	(12,215)	(3,067)
Balance as of December 31, 2020	816,245,752	189,838,979
Conversion of preferred shares to ordinary shares	(816,245,752)	(189,838,979)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	—	—

Loss per share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Loss per share

Schedule of basic loss per share and diluted loss per share


	For the Year Ended December 31
	2019	2020	2021
	RMB	RMB	RMB
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to DiDi Global Inc.	(9,728,459)	(10,514,498)	(49,343,664)
Accretion of convertible redeemable non‑controlling interests to redemption value	—	(165,047)	(687,617)
Deemed dividends to preferred shareholders upon repurchases of convertible preferred shares	—	(872)	—
Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of DiDi Global Inc.	(9,728,459)	(10,680,417)	(50,031,281)
Denominator:
Weighted average number of Class A and Class B ordinary shares outstanding*	100,684,581	106,694,420	657,996,437
Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders
— Basic	(96.62)	(100.10)	(76.04)
— Diluted	(96.62)	(100.10)	(76.04)

*	Vested restricted shares and RSUs and vested shares options with minimal exercise price are considered outstanding in the computation of basic loss per share.

Commitments and contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Commitments and contingencies.

Schedule of operating lease commitments

The Group has outstanding commitments on non-cancelable operating lease agreements which are expected to commence after December 31, 2021. Operating lease commitments contracted but not yet reflected in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2021 are as follows:


		Less than			Over 5
	Total	1 year	1-3 Years	3-5 Years	Years
Operating lease commitments	42,264	15,347	23,451	3,182	284

Fair value measurement (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Fair value measurement

Schedule of financial instruments, measured at fair value, by level within the fair value hierarchy


		Fair value measurement at reporting date using
		Quoted Prices
		in Active
		Markets for		Significant
		Identical	Significant Other	Unobservable
	December 31	Assets	Observable Inputs	Inputs
Items	2020	(Level 1)	(Level 2)	(Level 3)
	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB
Structured deposits under fair value option	3,588,170	—	3,588,170	—
Listed equity securities	572,963	572,963	—	—
Total	4,161,133	572,963	3,588,170	—

28 Fair value measurement (Continued)


		Fair value measurement at reporting date using
		Quoted Prices
		in Active
		Markets for		Significant
		Identical	Significant Other	Unobservable
	December 31	Assets	Observable Inputs	Inputs
Items	2021	(Level 1)	(Level 2)	(Level 3)
	RMB	RMB	RMB	RMB
Structured deposits under fair value option	4,622	—	4,622	—
Listed equity securities	13,342,946	451,679	12,891,267	—
Equity investments in Chengxin	12,767	—	—	12,767
Convertible Note of Chengxin	673,357	—	—	673,357
Other debt investments under fair value option	739,446	—	739,446	—
Total	14,773,138	451,679	13,635,335	686,124

Organization and principle activities (Details)	12 Months Ended
Organization and principle activities (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Beijing Xiaoju Science and Technology Co., Ltd.
Organization and principle activities
Percentage of direct/indirect economic interest in VIEs	100.00%	100.00%
DiDi Chuxing Science and Technology Co., Ltd. ("DiDi Chuxing")
Organization and principle activities
Percentage of direct/indirect economic interest in VIEs	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing DiDi Chuxing Technology Co., Ltd.
Organization and principle activities
Percentage of direct/indirect economic interest in VIEs	100.00%	100.00%
Chengzi (Shanghai) Internet Technology Co., Ltd.
Organization and principle activities
Percentage of direct/indirect economic interest in VIEs	100.00%	100.00%
Marvelous Yarra Limited
Organization and principle activities
Percentage of direct/indirect economic interest	100.00%	100.00%
Holly Universal Limited
Organization and principle activities
Percentage of direct/indirect economic interest	100.00%	100.00%
Didi (HK) Science and Technology Limited
Organization and principle activities
Percentage of direct/indirect economic interest	100.00%	100.00%
Xiaoju Science and Technology (Hong Kong) Limited
Organization and principle activities
Percentage of direct/indirect economic interest	100.00%	100.00%
Beijing DiDi Infinity Technology and Development Co., Ltd. ("Beijing DiDi")
Organization and principle activities
Percentage of direct/indirect economic interest	100.00%	100.00%

Variable interest entities (Details) - VIE - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Variable interest entities
Terms of the exclusive option agreement	10 years
Registered capital funds of the VIEs and its subsidiaries	¥ 13,444,434	¥ 11,965,369
Non-distributable statutory reserves of the VIEs and its subsidiaries	¥ 23,808	¥ 13,606

Variable interest entities - financial positions (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2018 CNY (¥)
Variable interest entities
Cash and cash equivalents	¥ 43,429,717	$ 6,815,070	¥ 19,372,084	$ 3,039,903	¥ 12,790,790	¥ 14,462,888
Short-term investments	13,343,754	2,093,926	37,688,535
Accounts and notes receivable, net	2,831,123	444,265	2,437,821
Loans receivable, net	4,644,298	728,792	2,878,229
Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net	3,957,975	621,093	3,913,165
Total current assets	68,765,864	10,790,865	68,630,657
Investment securities and other investments	18,634,493	2,924,159	4,260,564
Long-term investments, net	4,614,724		7,105,022
Property and equipment, net	8,000,218	1,255,409	9,759,718
Intangible assets, net	3,286,145	515,668	5,357,118
Total non-current assets	84,232,271	13,217,881	78,634,738
Total assets	152,998,135	24,008,746	147,265,395
Short-term borrowings	6,838,328	1,073,083	5,826,562
Accounts and notes payable	4,624,953	725,756	7,352,977
Operating lease liabilities	1,171,754
Total current liabilities	24,422,785	3,832,468	26,359,665
Deferred tax liabilities	485,778	76,229	843,715
Other non-current liabilities	306,575	48,108	287,554
Total non-current liabilities	3,128,600	490,945	3,756,133
Total liabilities	27,551,385	4,323,413	30,115,798
Total shareholders' equity (deficit)	112,119,504	17,593,997	(76,134,498)		¥ (62,689,462)	¥ (57,467,595)
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and shareholders' equity (deficit)	152,998,135	$ 24,008,746	147,265,395
VIE
Variable interest entities
Cash and cash equivalents	18,499,058		9,674,912
Restricted cash	108,223		106,223
Short-term investments	764,343		3,074,128
Accounts and notes receivable, net	1,622,379		1,928,636
Loans receivable, net	1,426,244		202,076
Amounts due from the Company and its non-VIE subsidiaries	20,730,377		17,136,259
Investment securities and other investments	4,708,537		3,396,426
Long-term investments, net	3,064,399		1,680,083
Property and equipment, net	349,510		73,978
Intangible assets, net	514,838		323,083
Other assets	1,329,105		1,959,459
Total assets	53,117,013		39,555,263
Short-term borrowings	824,964		4,000,000
Accounts and notes payable	3,706,079		6,353,170
Amounts due to the Company and its non-VIE subsidiaries	58,675,506		35,269,949
Operating lease liabilities	238,261		674,185
Other liabilities	6,094,576		8,520,341
Total liabilities	69,539,386		54,817,645
Total shareholders' equity (deficit)	(16,422,373)		(15,262,382)
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and shareholders' equity (deficit)	¥ 53,117,013		¥ 39,555,263

Variable interest entities - operation results (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Variable interest entities
Total revenues	¥ 173,827,382	$ 27,277,309	¥ 141,736,152	¥ 154,786,128
Costs and expenses	222,269,128	34,878,876	155,524,094	162,799,505
Income (loss) from operations	(48,441,746)	(7,601,567)	(13,787,942)	(8,013,377)
Income (loss) before income tax expenses	(49,168,258)	(7,715,572)	(10,910,740)	(10,081,049)
Income tax expenses	166,320	26,099	(303,202)	(348,008)
Net income (loss)	(49,334,578)	(7,741,671)	(10,607,538)	(9,733,041)
Net income (loss) attributable to DiDi Global Inc.	(49,343,664)	(7,743,097)	(10,514,498)	(9,728,459)
Net cash provided by operating activities	(13,413,860)	(2,104,929)	1,137,622	1,444,650
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	1,144,684	179,625	(1,946,323)	(6,150,778)
Inter-company loan financing from non-VIE subsidiaries	6,106,358	958,221
Inter-company loan financing to non-VIE subsidiaries	(389,988)	(61,198)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	35,191,482	$ 5,522,313	9,274,050	2,951,762
VIE
Variable interest entities
Total revenues	168,311,395		137,885,322	150,816,969
Costs and expenses	(173,607,584)		(140,013,764)	(149,579,973)
Income (loss) from operations	(5,296,189)		(2,128,442)	1,236,996
Income (loss) from non-operations	(358,813)		1,652,386	(688,178)
Income (loss) before income tax expenses	(5,655,002)		(476,056)	548,818
Income tax expenses	(302,047)		(66,808)	(9,786)
Net income (loss)	(5,957,049)		(542,864)	539,032
Net income (loss) attributable to DiDi Global Inc.	(5,957,049)		(542,864)	539,032
Net cash provided by operating activities	1,631,994		659,450	4,497,949
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	2,688,546		(842,172)	(2,780,009)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	4,505,606		4,037,500	(1,100,000)
Inter-company / Group companies
Variable interest entities
Inter-company revenues	1,708,159		1,067,752	152
Costs and expenses	(15,320,699)		(12,895,784)	(9,557,049)
Net cash provided by operating activities	(1,212,002)		(13,313,253)	(7,880,749)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities			2,785,392
Inter-company loan financing from non-VIE subsidiaries	10,921,871		1,003,320
Inter-company loan financing to non-VIE subsidiaries	(3,000,000)		(1,000,000)	(1,000,000)
Third-party / External parties
Variable interest entities
Third-party revenues	166,603,236		136,817,570	150,816,817
Costs and expenses	(158,286,885)		(127,117,980)	(140,022,924)
Net cash provided by operating activities	2,843,996		13,972,703	12,378,698
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	2,688,546		(3,627,564)	(2,780,009)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	¥ (3,416,265)		¥ 4,034,180	¥ (100,000)

Summary of significant accounting policies - Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (Details)	15 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021
Minimum
VAT rate on revenues derived from the provision of certain transportation services	0.00%
Maximum
VAT rate on revenues derived from the provision of certain transportation services	3.00%

Summary of significant accounting policies - Use of estimates (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Summary of significant accounting policies
Number of apps	26

Summary of significant accounting policies - Functional currency and foreign currency translation (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Summary of significant accounting policies
Foreign exchange gain	¥ 70,265	¥ 1,156,606
Foreign exchange loss			¥ 222,684

Summary of significant accounting policies - Convenience translation (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021
Summary of significant accounting policies
Exchange rate	6.3726

Summary of significant accounting policies - Cash and cash equivalents (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash Held In Accounts Managed By Online Payment Platforms	¥ 2,212,704	¥ 1,266,695

Summary of significant accounting policies - Property and equipment, net (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021
Vehicles
Property and equipment, net
Estimated useful lives	5 years
Maximum \| Bikes and e-bikes
Property and equipment, net
Estimated useful lives	3 years
Maximum \| Computers and equipment
Property and equipment, net
Estimated useful lives	5 years
Maximum \| Other
Property and equipment, net
Estimated useful lives	40 years
Minimum \| Bikes and e-bikes
Property and equipment, net
Estimated useful lives	2 years
Minimum \| Computers and equipment
Property and equipment, net
Estimated useful lives	2 years
Minimum \| Other
Property and equipment, net
Estimated useful lives	5 years

Summary of significant accounting policies - Intangible assets, net (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021
Driver lists
Intangible assets, net
Estimated Useful Lives of the Assets	5 years
Customer lists
Intangible assets, net
Estimated Useful Lives of the Assets	5 years
Online payment license
Intangible assets, net
Period to apply online payment license renewal	5 years
Maximum \| Noncompete agreements
Intangible assets, net
Estimated Useful Lives of the Assets	7 years
Maximum \| Trademark, patents and others
Intangible assets, net
Estimated Useful Lives of the Assets	20 years
Maximum \| Software
Intangible assets, net
Estimated Useful Lives of the Assets	5 years
Minimum \| Noncompete agreements
Intangible assets, net
Estimated Useful Lives of the Assets	6 years
Minimum \| Trademark, patents and others
Intangible assets, net
Estimated Useful Lives of the Assets	3 years
Minimum \| Software
Intangible assets, net
Estimated Useful Lives of the Assets	3 years

Summary of significant accounting policies - Goodwill (Details) - CNY (¥)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Summary of significant accounting policies
Impairment of goodwill	¥ 2,501,100,000	¥ 0	¥ 0

Summary of significant accounting policies - Statutory reserves (Details) - CNY (¥)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Summary of significant accounting policies
Minimum of percentage to allocate after-tax profit	10.00%
Maximum percentage criteria for appropriation of after-tax profit of Chinese subsidiaries to general reserve fund	50.00%
Appropriations to the general reserve	¥ 11,414,000	¥ 9,159,000	¥ 3,929,000
Appropriations to the enterprise expansion fund and staff welfare and bonus fund	¥ 0	¥ 0	¥ 0

Summary of significant accounting policies - Revenue recognition - China Mobility (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark \| Product Concentration Risk \| China Mobility \| Minimum
China Mobility
Percent of the total revenues	97.00%	97.00%	97.00%

Summary of significant accounting policies - Revenue recognition - Other initiatives (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	¥ 173,827,382	$ 27,277,309	¥ 141,736,152	¥ 154,786,128
Lessor, Direct Financing Lease, Description [Abstract]
Lease arrangement lease term	3 years	3 years
Other Initiatives [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	¥ 9,684,269	$ 1,519,673	¥ 5,757,926	¥ 4,871,787

- Definition

Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8906-108599

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 40
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9031-108599

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 41
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9038-108599

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130543-203045

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8736-108599

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8736-108599

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 42
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9054-108599

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 5
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130545-203045

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 924
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.L)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6472922&loc=d3e499488-122856

+ Details

Summary of significant accounting policies - Revenue recognition - Contract balances (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Summary of significant accounting policies
Contract assets	¥ 242,231	¥ 222,591
Contract liabilities	¥ 546,003	¥ 915,430
Revenue, Practical Expedient, Incremental Cost of Obtaining Contract [true false]	true

Summary of significant accounting policies - Sales and marketing expenses (Details) - Sales and marketing expenses - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Advertising and promotion expenses	¥ 5,401,408	¥ 5,088,880	¥ 2,541,379
Incentives provided to consumers	¥ 7,465,226	¥ 2,100,671	¥ 1,083,868

Summary of significant accounting policies - Employee benefits (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Summary of significant accounting policies
Employee benefits expensed	¥ 1,808,321	¥ 1,030,111	¥ 1,116,105

Summary of significant accounting policies - Additional Information (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)
Short-term Investments	¥ 13,343,754	$ 2,093,926	¥ 37,688,535
Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net	3,957,975	621,093	3,913,165
Investment securities and other investments	¥ 18,634,493	$ 2,924,159	4,260,564
Financial Asset Past Due
Loans receivable, non-accrual status upon reaching, number of days	90 days
Maximum
Short-term Investment Maturity Term	12 months
Reclassification of Interest Receivable \| Adjustment
Short-term Investments			290,966
Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net			(290,966)
Reclassification of Long-term Time Deposits \| Adjustment
Investment securities and other investments			¥ 3,460,000

Business combinations (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Jan. 02, 2018 CNY (¥)	Jan. 02, 2018 USD ($)	Aug. 01, 2016 CNY (¥)	Aug. 01, 2016 USD ($)	Feb. 11, 2015 CNY (¥)	Feb. 11, 2015 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2018 CNY (¥)	Jan. 02, 2018 USD ($)	Aug. 01, 2016 USD ($)	Feb. 11, 2015 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Recognition of goodwill							¥ 46,377,583	$ 7,277,655	¥ 49,124,172	¥ 50,163,242	¥ 50,255,028
Kuaidi
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percentage of the equity acquired					100.00%									100.00%
Total consideration					¥ 13,550,534	$ 2,209,987
Recognition of goodwill					8,383,084									$ 1,367,216
Recognition of intangible assets					¥ 1,770,093									$ 288,688
Uber China
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percentage of the equity acquired			100.00%										100.00%
Total consideration			¥ 46,531,937	$ 7,020,827
Recognition of goodwill			37,900,795										$ 5,718,544
Recognition of intangible assets			¥ 11,633,403										$ 1,755,270
99 Taxis
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percentage of the equity acquired	100.00%											100.00%
Total consideration	¥ 3,635,273	$ 566,863
Recognition of goodwill	4,297,053											$ 670,058
Recognition of intangible assets	¥ 983,992											$ 153,438

Financing transaction of Chengxin - The rights, preferences and privileges of the Chengxin's holders of ordinary shares, preferred shares and Convertible Note (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021
Deconsolidation With Related Disclosures [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred shares, net of issuance cost \| ¥		¥ 3,569,189
Series A-1 convertible preferred shares
Deconsolidation With Related Disclosures [Line Items]
Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares			1
Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation			140.00%
Series A-2 convertible preferred shares
Deconsolidation With Related Disclosures [Line Items]
Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares			1
Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation			140.00%
Chengxin Technology Inc. \| Convertible Note due 2028
Deconsolidation With Related Disclosures [Line Items]
Principal amount	$ 3,000,000
Interest (as a percent)	0.00%
Term of borrowing (in year)	7 years
Chengxin Technology Inc. \| Series A-1 convertible preferred shares
Deconsolidation With Related Disclosures [Line Items]
Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering, net of issuance cost (in shares) \| shares	92,367,521
Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred shares, net of issuance cost	$ 923,675
Chengxin Technology Inc. \| Series A-1 convertible preferred shares \| An entity controlled by Softbank Group Corp.
Deconsolidation With Related Disclosures [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred shares, net of issuance cost	43,162
Chengxin Technology Inc. \| Series A-1 convertible preferred shares \| Secured term loans
Deconsolidation With Related Disclosures [Line Items]
Principal amount	$ 160,000
Chengxin Technology Inc. \| Series A-2 convertible preferred shares
Deconsolidation With Related Disclosures [Line Items]
Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering, net of issuance cost (in shares) \| shares	20,000,000
Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred shares, net of issuance cost	$ 200,000

Financing transaction of Chengxin - Accounting for the financing transaction of Chengxin (Details) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)	Mar. 30, 2021 CNY (¥)
Short-term Investments
Impairment losses from equity investments accounted for using equity method	¥ 264,292	¥ 79,875	¥ 293,274
Investments in Chengxin
Short-term Investments
Gain recorded upon the completion of deconsolidation	9,058,144
Fair value of retained investment in the form of ordinary shares				¥ 2,628,520
Carrying amount of net liabilities of investee				¥ 6,429,624
Number of board members of the investee for which the company has right to nominate				3
Number of board members of the investee				6
The fair value of the Investments	686,124			¥ 16,428,250
Impairment losses from equity investments accounted for using equity method	¥ 21,259,814

Short-term investments (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)
Short-term Investments
Short-term investments	¥ 13,343,754	$ 2,093,926	¥ 37,688,535
Time deposits stated at amortized cost
Short-term Investments
Short-term investments	13,154,020		34,100,365
Structured deposits under fair value option
Short-term Investments
Short-term investments	4,622		3,588,170
Other debt investments stated at amortized cost
Short-term Investments
Short-term investments	¥ 185,112		¥ 0

Accounts and notes receivable, net - Accounts and notes receivable, net table (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Accounts and notes receivable, net
Accounts and notes receivable	¥ 3,482,011		¥ 2,994,181
Allowance for credit losses	(650,888)		(556,360)	¥ (437,266)
Accounts and notes receivable, net	¥ 2,831,123	$ 444,265	¥ 2,437,821

Accounts and notes receivable, net - Movement of the allowances for credit losses (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts
Balance at beginning of the year	¥ 556,360	¥ 437,266
Provision	(596,908)	(448,720)
Write-offs	(502,380)	(401,124)
Balance at end of the year	650,888	556,360
Impact of adoption
Movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts
Balance at beginning of the year		71,498
Adjusted Balance
Movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts
Balance at beginning of the year	¥ 556,360	508,764
Balance at end of the year		¥ 556,360

Loans receivable, net - Loans receivable, net table (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)
Loans receivable, net
Loans receivable	¥ 5,248,804		¥ 3,024,661
Allowance for credit losses	(604,506)		(146,432)
Loans receivable, net	¥ 4,644,298	$ 728,792	¥ 2,878,229

Loans receivable, net - Movement of the allowances for credit losses (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Movement in the allowances for credit losses
Balance at beginning of the year	¥ (146,432)	¥ (100,643)
Provision	(557,129)	(153,560)
Write-offs	99,055	158,340
Balance at end of the year	(604,506)	(146,432)
Impact of adoption
Movement in the allowances for credit losses
Balance at beginning of the year		(50,569)
Adjusted Balance
Movement in the allowances for credit losses
Balance at beginning of the year	¥ (146,432)	(151,212)
Balance at end of the year		¥ (146,432)

- Definition

Amount of allowance for credit loss on financing receivable. Excludes allowance for financing receivable covered under loss sharing agreement.

+ References + Details

Loans receivable, net - Aging analysis of loans receivable (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Loans receivable, net
Loans receivable	¥ 5,248,804	¥ 3,024,661
Current
Loans receivable, net
Loans receivable	4,861,831	2,943,458
Past Due
Loans receivable, net
Loans receivable	386,973	81,203
1-30 Days
Loans receivable, net
Loans receivable	75,785	22,056
31-60 Days
Loans receivable, net
Loans receivable	59,394	14,537
61-90 Days
Loans receivable, net
Loans receivable	51,035	10,701
91 Days or Greater
Loans receivable, net
Loans receivable	¥ 200,759	¥ 33,909

- Definition

Amount, before allowance for credit loss, of financing receivable.

+ References + Details

Prepayments, receivables, and other current assets, net and other non-current assets, net - Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net and non current assets, net table (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)
Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net and other non-current assets net
Deductible VAT-input	¥ 1,553,800		¥ 1,871,768
Prepayments for promotion and advertising expenses and other operation expenses	371,149		175,267
Advances to employees	303,050		200,698
Prepayments for insurance costs	239,417		288,858
Inventories, net	197,957		261,550
Rental deposits and other deposits, net	189,840		346,032
Payments to drivers and partners on behalf of end users	148,971		157,653
Short-term finance lease receivables, net	44,020		91,067
Interest receivables	13,293		13,142
Other current assets, net	896,478		507,130
Total	3,957,975	$ 621,093	3,913,165
Deductible VAT-input	1,070,370
Rental deposits and other deposits, net-noncurrent portion	203,154
Prepayments for long-term investments	200,000		107,283
Prepayments for purchase of property and equipment, net, and other non-current assets, net	166,425		650,771
Long-term finance lease receivables, net	41,579		94,508
Others	17,942		32,361
Total	¥ 1,699,470	$ 266,682	¥ 884,923

Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net and other non-current assets, net - Movement of the allowances for credit losses (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Movement in the allowances for credit losses
Balance at beginning of the year	¥ (72,167)	¥ (3,871)
(Provision)/ Reversal	12,757	(73,004)
Write-offs	48,005	4,708
Balance at end of the year	(11,405)	(72,167)
Cumulative Effect Period Of Adoption Adjusted Balance [Member]
Movement in the allowances for credit losses
Balance at beginning of the year	¥ (72,167)	(3,871)
Balance at end of the year		¥ (72,167)

Investment securities and other investments - Summary of carrying values and fair values of the investment securities (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)
Equity Securities And Other Investments [Line Items]
Cost/Amortized cost	¥ 31,863,695		¥ 4,502,053
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Gains	6,315,329		37,516
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Losses	(19,116,829)		(285,567)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments	(427,702)		6,562
Equity securities and other investments	18,634,493	$ 2,924,159	4,260,564
Listed equity securities
Equity Securities And Other Investments [Line Items]
Cost/Amortized cost	7,661,212		814,452
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Gains	6,300,946		37,516
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Losses	(394,796)		(285,567)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments	(224,416)		6,562
Equity securities and other investments	13,342,946		572,963
Investee A
Equity Securities And Other Investments [Line Items]
Cost/Amortized cost	600,000		600,000
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Losses	(254,758)		(208,199)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments	0
Equity securities and other investments	345,242		391,801
Investee B
Equity Securities And Other Investments [Line Items]
Cost/Amortized cost	6,751,890
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Gains	5,573,162
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments	(225,456)
Equity securities and other investments	12,099,596
Others.
Equity Securities And Other Investments [Line Items]
Cost/Amortized cost	309,322		214,452
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Gains	727,784		37,516
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Losses	(140,038)		(77,368)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments	1,040		6,562
Equity securities and other investments	898,108		181,162
Debt investments
Equity Securities And Other Investments [Line Items]
Cost/Amortized cost	24,202,483		3,687,601
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Gains	14,383
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Losses	(18,722,033)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments	(203,286)
Equity securities and other investments	5,291,547		3,687,601
Convertible Note of Chengxin
Equity Securities And Other Investments [Line Items]
Cost/Amortized cost	19,563,591
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Losses	(18,691,719)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments	(198,515)
Equity securities and other investments	673,357
Time deposits stated at amortized cost
Equity Securities And Other Investments [Line Items]
Cost/Amortized cost	3,722,640		3,510,822
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments	0
Equity securities and other investments	3,722,640		3,510,822
Other debt investments stated at amortized cost
Equity Securities And Other Investments [Line Items]
Cost/Amortized cost	156,104		176,779
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments	0
Equity securities and other investments	156,104		¥ 176,779
Other debt investments under fair value option
Equity Securities And Other Investments [Line Items]
Cost/Amortized cost	760,148
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Gains	14,383
Gross Unrealized/ unrecognized holding Losses	(30,314)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments	(4,771)
Equity securities and other investments	¥ 739,446

Investment securities and other investments - Summary of amortized cost of debt investments (Details) ¥ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)
Investment securities and other investments
Due in 1 year through 2 years - old	¥ 2,932,717
Due in 2 years through 3 years - old	789,615
Thereafter - old	156,412
Total - old	¥ 3,878,744

Long-term investments, net (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Annual Amount And Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Measurement Alternative method	¥ 568,555	¥ 4,352,288
Total	4,614,724	7,105,022
Impairment loss for equity investments accounted for using Measurement Alternative		1,022,098	¥ 1,450,840
Measurement Alternative method
Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Annual Amount And Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Impairment loss for equity investments accounted for using Measurement Alternative	0	1,022,098	1,450,840
Gain on sale of investments	2,493,381	40,613	¥ 60,089
Investment in Investee B [Member]
Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Annual Amount And Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Measurement Alternative method		3,828,560
fair value of the investment	12,099,596
Investment in Others [Member]
Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Annual Amount And Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Measurement Alternative method	568,555	523,728
Equity investments accounted for using equity method
Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Annual Amount And Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method	4,033,402	¥ 2,752,734
Equity investments in Chengxin
Equity Securities Without Readily Determinable Fair Value Annual Amount And Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity method	¥ 12,767

Long term investments, net - Equity method (Details) ¥ in Thousands, ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 JPY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 JPY (¥)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Loss from equity method investments, excluding impairment	¥ 211,559		¥ 977,552	¥ 685,903
Impairment losses from equity investments accounted for using equity method	264,292		¥ 79,875	¥ 293,274
Disposal gains from equity investments accounted for using equity method	756,301
Didi Mobility Japan Corporation ("Didi Japan")
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Additional investment made during period	161,720	¥ 2,600,000
The fair value of the Investments	¥ 433,950				¥ 6,950,000

Long-term investments, net - Summary of the condensed financial information of the Group's equity investment under equity method (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Net income (loss)	¥ (49,334,578)	$ (7,741,671)	¥ (10,607,538)	¥ (9,733,041)
Current assets	68,765,864		68,630,657		$ 10,790,865
Non-current assets	84,232,271		78,634,738		13,217,881
Current liabilities	24,422,785		26,359,665		3,832,468
Non-current liabilities	3,128,600		3,756,133		490,945
Convertible redeemable preferred shares and noncontrolling interests	¥ 13,327,246		193,284,095		$ 2,091,336
Various equity method investees \| Minimum
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Shareholding interests	3.00%				3.00%
Various equity method investees \| Maximum
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Shareholding interests	5.00%				5.00%
Equity investments under equity method
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Revenue	¥ 7,549,918		9,721,658	4,086,285
Gross profit (loss)	(4,257,022)		3,819,309	913,899
Income (loss) from operations	(16,489,595)		2,880,369	(1,718,998)
Net income (loss)	1,999,569		2,881,779	(1,622,043)
Current assets	54,810,598		14,591,256	9,930,387
Non-current assets	17,656,885		16,999,044	10,596,081
Current liabilities	31,611,814		2,158,751	2,736,257
Non-current liabilities	5,536,458		6,696,509	5,335,743
Convertible redeemable preferred shares and noncontrolling interests	¥ 7,160,924		¥ 2,703,764	¥ 1,536,299

Property and equipment, net (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Property and equipment, net
Total	¥ 20,109,078	¥ 16,701,951
Less: Accumulated depreciation	(8,960,129)	(5,898,422)
Less: Accumulated impairment loss	(3,148,731)	(1,043,811)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	8,000,218	9,759,718		$ 1,255,409
Depreciation expenses	4,220,521	3,275,144	¥ 1,902,567
Impairment losses for property and equipment	2,247,738	855,988	¥ 125,134
Bikes and e-bikes
Property and equipment, net
Total	11,774,212	9,773,868
Impairment charge on bikes and e bikes	2,164,409	751,065
Vehicles
Property and equipment, net
Total	3,538,274	3,372,391
Computers and equipment
Property and equipment, net
Total	3,723,744	2,603,896
Leasehold improvement
Property and equipment, net
Total	644,251	522,789
Construction in progress
Property and equipment, net
Total	393,540	386,590
Other
Property and equipment, net
Total	¥ 35,057	¥ 42,417

Operating leases - Components of lease expenses (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Operating leases
Operating lease cost	¥ 726,359	¥ 681,841	¥ 580,613
Short-term lease cost	467,384	128,865	83,509
Variable lease cost	121,353	80,015	89,284
Total lease cost	¥ 1,315,096	¥ 890,721	¥ 753,406

Operating leases - Supplemental cash flows information (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Operating leases
Cash payments for operating leases	¥ 761,352	¥ 707,140	¥ 584,660
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	¥ 910,144	¥ 1,158,347	¥ 349,432
Weighted average remaining lease term	2 years 5 months 8 days
Weighted average discount rate	4.75%

Operating leases - Maturities of lease liabilities (Details) ¥ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)
Operating leases
2022	¥ 583,947
2023	387,385
2024	164,561
2025	94,593
Thereafter	15,590
Total undiscounted lease payments	1,246,076
Less: imputed interest	(74,322)
Total lease liabilities	¥ 1,171,754

Intangible assets, net (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Total	¥ 14,301,780		¥ 14,300,919
Less: accumulated amortization	(11,182,929)		(9,398,365)
Less: accumulated impairment loss	(287,270)
Net book value	2,831,581		4,902,554
Indefinitelived intangible assets
Total	454,564		454,564
Finite and indefinitelived intangible assets	3,286,145	$ 515,668	5,357,118
Noncompete agreements
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Total	7,183,773		7,183,773
Trademarks, patents, software and others
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Total	5,268,168		5,250,164
Customer lists
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Total	1,553,507		1,562,198
Driver lists
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Total	296,332		304,784
Online payment license
Indefinitelived intangible assets
Total	398,085		398,085
Others
Indefinitelived intangible assets
Total	¥ 56,479		¥ 56,479

Intangible assets, net - amortization expenses (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Amortization expenses	¥ 1,824,762		¥ 1,993,945	¥ 2,109,121
impairment loss	288,221
2022	1,604,324
2023	987,341
2024	124,115
2025	44,898
Thereafter	70,903
Total expected amortization expenses	¥ 2,831,581		¥ 4,902,554
International
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
impairment loss \| $		$ 288,221

Goodwill (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Goodwill (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Goodwill
Beginning balance	¥ 49,124,172		¥ 50,163,242	¥ 50,255,028
Less: accumulated impairment loss	(2,492,826)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(253,763)		(1,039,070)	(91,786)
Ending balance	46,377,583	$ 7,277,655	49,124,172	50,163,242
China Mobility
Goodwill
Beginning balance	46,283,879		46,283,879	46,283,879
Ending balance	46,283,879		46,283,879	46,283,879
International
Goodwill
Beginning balance	2,746,589		3,785,659	3,877,445
Less: accumulated impairment loss	(2,492,826)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(253,763)		(1,039,070)	(91,786)
Ending balance			2,746,589	3,785,659
Other Initiatives
Goodwill
Beginning balance	93,704		93,704	93,704
Ending balance	¥ 93,704		¥ 93,704	¥ 93,704

Goodwill - Narratives (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Goodwill - Narratives (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Goodwill [Line Items]
Impairment of goodwill	¥ 2,501,100,000		¥ 0	¥ 0
Impairment of intangible assets (excluding goodwill)	288,221,000
China Mobility
Goodwill [Line Items]
Impairment of goodwill	¥ 0		¥ 0
Percentage of increasing the discount rate	1.00%	1.00%
International
Goodwill [Line Items]
Impairment of goodwill \| $		$ 2,501,100
Impairment of intangible assets (excluding goodwill) \| $		$ 288,221

Borrowings (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)
Borrowings
Short-term borrowings	¥ 6,838,328	$ 1,073,083	¥ 5,826,562
Long-term borrowings	1,681,370	$ 263,844	1,453,222
Total	¥ 8,519,698		¥ 7,279,784

Borrowings - Narratives (Details) ¥ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
Borrowings - Narratives (Details) ¥ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥) item	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019
Shortterm and Longterm borrowings
Unused credit limits		¥ 10,520,636
Revolving credit facility agreement cancelled	¥ 1,650,000
Outstanding borrowings balance		¥ 585,814	¥ 1,084,920
Minimum
Shortterm and Longterm borrowings
Interest (as a percent)		4.00%
Maximum
Shortterm and Longterm borrowings
Interest (as a percent)		7.00%
Three one-year asset-backed securitized debts
Shortterm and Longterm borrowings
Number of debt agreements \| item		3
Term of borrowing (in year)		1 year
Asset-backed securitized debts issued, each		¥ 1,275,000
Balance of ABSs		¥ 629,013
Weighted average interest rate for shortterm borrowings		3.00%	3.00%	4.00%
Several borrowing agreements with credit facilities
Shortterm and Longterm borrowings
Maximum borrowings		¥ 11,616,192
Several borrowing agreements with credit facilities \| Loan Prime Rate ("LPR") \| Minimum
Shortterm and Longterm borrowings
Annual interest rate		35.00%
Several borrowing agreements with credit facilities \| Loan Prime Rate ("LPR") \| Maximum
Shortterm and Longterm borrowings
Annual interest rate		75.00%

Borrowings - Maturities (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Borrowings
Within 1 year	¥ 6,838,328	¥ 5,826,562
Between 1 to 2 years	1,567,890	799,840
Between 2 to 3 years	113,480	653,382
Total	¥ 8,519,698	¥ 7,279,784

Accounts and notes payable (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)
Accounts and notes payable
Payables related to service fees and incentives to drivers	¥ 3,306,362		¥ 4,487,439
Payables related to driver management fees	157,421		185,207
Other accounts payable	439,707		556,063
Notes payable	721,463		2,124,268
Total	¥ 4,624,953	$ 725,756	¥ 7,352,977

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Employee compensation and welfare payable	¥ 2,253,437		¥ 1,977,077
Payables to merchants and other partners	1,664,684		1,732,060
Tax payable	1,645,335		497,297
Deposits	1,422,300		1,376,384
Payables and accruals for other cost and expenses	1,331,785		1,470,755
Payables related to service fees	883,770		626,934
Payables related to market and promotion expenses	842,558		1,655,578
Payables related to property and equipment	358,464		535,413
Payables related to warehouse rental and delivery cost	15,292		436,026
Others	1,229,597		996,436
Total	¥ 11,647,222	$ 1,827,703	¥ 11,303,960

Segment reporting (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Segment reporting (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥) segment	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Revenues:
Number of Operating Segments \| segment	3	3
Total segment revenues	¥ 173,827,382	$ 27,277,309	¥ 141,736,152	¥ 154,786,128
Adjusted EBITA:
Total Adjusted EBITA	(19,173,080)		(8,380,705)	(2,764,240)
Sharebased compensation expenses	(24,654,583)	(3,868,842)	(3,413,292)	(3,140,016)
Amortization of intangible assets	(1,824,762)		(1,993,945)	(2,109,121)
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets	(2,789,321)	(437,705)
Loss from operations	(48,441,746)	$ (7,601,567)	(13,787,942)	(8,013,377)
Amortization expenses in connection with business combinations	1,799,508		1,977,400	2,093,941
China Mobility
Revenues:
Total segment revenues	160,520,747		133,645,113	147,939,618
Adjusted EBITA:
Total Adjusted EBITA	6,129,122		3,959,902	3,844,176
International
Revenues:
Total segment revenues	3,622,366		2,333,113	1,974,723
Adjusted EBITA:
Total Adjusted EBITA	(5,787,976)		(3,533,836)	(3,152,253)
Other Initiatives
Revenues:
Total segment revenues	9,684,269		5,757,926	4,871,787
Adjusted EBITA:
Total Adjusted EBITA	¥ (19,514,226)		¥ (8,806,771)	¥ (3,456,163)

Segment reporting - Depreciation expenses (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Total depreciation expenses of property and equipment by segment
Total depreciation of property and equipment	¥ 4,220,521	¥ 3,275,144	¥ 1,902,567
China Mobility
Total depreciation expenses of property and equipment by segment
Total depreciation of property and equipment	306,382	260,179	300,781
International
Total depreciation expenses of property and equipment by segment
Total depreciation of property and equipment	124,633	63,025	65,260
Other Initiatives
Total depreciation expenses of property and equipment by segment
Total depreciation of property and equipment	¥ 3,789,506	¥ 2,951,940	¥ 1,536,526

Income taxes - Hong Kong, PRC, Withholding tax on undistributed dividends (Details)	12 Months Ended			72 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]
PRC statutory tax rate	25.00%	25.00%	25.00%
Preferential tax rate	15.00%
Effective period of preferential tax treatment	3 years
Percentage of R&D deduction entitled by enterprises engaging in research and development activities	150.00%
Percentage of withholding tax rate	10.00%
Forecast
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]
Percentage of R&D deduction entitled by enterprises engaging in research and development activities within limited time				175.00%
Hong Kong
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]
Tax rate	16.50%

Income taxes - Summary of income (loss) before income taxes, income tax expenses (benefits) (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Equity Method Investments, Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]
Income (loss) from overseas entities	¥ (7,665,988)		¥ 3,020,403	¥ (4,172,691)
Loss from PRC entities	(41,502,270)		(13,931,143)	(5,908,358)
Loss before income taxes	(49,168,258)	$ (7,715,572)	(10,910,740)	(10,081,049)
Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Continuing Operations [Abstract]
Current income tax expenses	557,797		170,502	145,235
Deferred tax benefits	(391,477)	(61,431)	(473,704)	(493,243)
Total income tax expenses (benefits)	¥ 166,320	$ 26,099	¥ (303,202)	¥ (348,008)

- Definition

Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8906-108599

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 940
-SubTopic 20
-Section 25
-Paragraph 1
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123384075&loc=d3e41242-110953

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8736-108599

Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(10))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123367319&loc=SL114868664-224227

Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 220
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(8))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120400993&loc=SL114874131-224263

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 235
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120399901&loc=d3e537907-122884

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 31
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8924-108599

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 220
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(15))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120399700&loc=SL114874048-224260

+ Details

- Definition

Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.

+ References + Details

Income taxes - Summary of effective tax rate (Details)	12 Months Ended
Income taxes - Summary of effective tax rate (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent [Abstract]
PRC statutory tax rate	25.00%	25.00%	25.00%
Tax effect of preferential tax treatments	(0.38%)	(2.53%)	(1.31%)
Tax effect of permanent difference	(15.54%)	(9.03%)	(5.53%)
Effect on tax rates in different tax jurisdiction	(0.50%)	5.18%	(7.30%)
Changes in valuation allowance and others	(8.92%)	(15.84%)	(7.41%)
Effective tax rate	(0.34%)	2.78%	3.45%

Income taxes - Summary of deferred tax balances (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Deferred tax assets
Tax losses carryforwards	¥ 8,528,736	¥ 4,993,187
Advertising expenses in excess of deduct limit	1,830,543	1,045,473
Asset impairment and allowances for credit losses	1,575,404	749,373
Accrued expenses and others	1,732,080	2,176,173
Total deferred tax assets	13,666,763	8,964,206
Less: valuation allowance	(13,065,611)	(8,019,931)
Deferred tax assets, net	601,152	944,275
Deferred tax liabilities
Amortization expense of intangible assets	659,926	1,314,213
Depreciation expense of property and equipment, and others	202,513	282,826
Deferred tax liabilities	¥ 862,439	¥ 1,597,039

Income taxes - Accumulated tax losses carryforwards (Details) ¥ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)
Domestic
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Accumulated tax losses carryforwards	¥ 34,586,000
Brazil
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Accumulated tax losses carryforwards	¥ 3,340,229

Incomes taxes - Future expirations (Details) - Domestic Tax Authority [Member] ¥ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Loss expiring in 2022	¥ 1,266,874
Loss expiring in 2023	2,217,239
Loss expiring in 2024	1,636,420
Loss expiring in 2025	7,707,475
Loss expiring in 2026 and thereafter	21,757,992
Total	¥ 34,586,000

Incomes taxes - Classification in the consolidated balance sheets (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)
Income taxes
Deferred tax assets, net	¥ 224,491	$ 35,228	¥ 190,951
Deferred tax liabilities	¥ 485,778	$ 76,229	¥ 843,715

Share based compensation - Summary of the Group's share based compensation expense (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	¥ 1,235,497,000	¥ 24,833,089,000		¥ 3,413,292,000	¥ 3,140,016,000
Total share-based compensation expense		24,654,583,000	$ 3,868,842	3,413,292,000	3,140,016,000
Employees of an equity investee
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense		¥ 178,506,000
Increase in the relative ownership percentage of the investee after granting stock-based awards		0.00%	0.00%
Proportionate funding by other investors after granting stock-based awards		¥ 0
Operations and support
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense		193,552,000		80,139,000	85,083,000
Sales and marketing expenses
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense		326,332,000		210,513,000	196,042,000
Research and development
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense		2,258,705,000		777,888,000	678,268,000
General and administrative
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense		21,875,994,000		¥ 2,344,752,000	¥ 2,180,623,000
Investment income (loss), net
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense		¥ 178,506,000

Share based compensation - Share incentive plan, modification (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jan. 31, 2022	Apr. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted				88,434,809	12,981,876	27,021,656
Share-based compensation expense			¥ 1,235,497	¥ 24,833,089	¥ 3,413,292	¥ 3,140,016
Number of original options affected by modification of award				1,020,551	20,280,382	16,279,092
Number of new options issued in connection with modification of award				688,826	25,905,827	11,131,297
Incremental costs on modification of terms of awards				¥ 5,678	¥ 98,153	¥ 294,247
The 2017 Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum aggregate number of ordinary shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards				195,127,549
Contractual term of share-based awards	P10Y			P7Y
Vesting period of share-based awards				4 years
Vesting percentage of of share-based awards, first anniversary of the vesting commencement date				15.00%
Vesting percentage of of share-based awards, second anniversary of the vesting commencement date				25.00%
Vesting percentage of of share-based awards, third anniversary of the vesting commencement date				25.00%
Vesting percentage of of share-based awards, fourth anniversary of the vesting commencement date				35.00%
The 2017 Plan \| Directors and executive officers
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted		66,711,066
The 2017 Plan \| Certain senior management
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted		63,501,066
Share-based compensation expense				¥ 19,572,000
The 2021 Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum aggregate number of ordinary shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards				116,906,908
Contractual term of share-based awards	P10Y			P7Y
Vesting period of share-based awards				4 years
Vesting percentage of of share-based awards, first anniversary of the vesting commencement date				15.00%
Vesting percentage of of share-based awards, second anniversary of the vesting commencement date				25.00%
Vesting percentage of of share-based awards, third anniversary of the vesting commencement date				25.00%
Vesting percentage of of share-based awards, fourth anniversary of the vesting commencement date				35.00%

Share based compensation - Summary of share options (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Number of Options
Outstanding, beginning balance	46,798,243	58,401,190	41,743,856
Granted	88,434,809	12,981,876	27,021,656
Modification	(331,725)	5,625,445	(5,147,795)
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	(68,616,887)	(13,379,655)
Exercise of share options	(9,640,697)	(12,526,172)
Forfeited/canceled	(4,067,894)	(4,304,441)	(5,216,527)
Outstanding, ending balance	52,575,849	46,798,243	58,401,190	41,743,856
Exercisable	32,195,548
Vested and Expected to Vest	47,122,860
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding, beginning balance	$ 6.04	$ 5.45	$ 12.28
Granted	0.0001823	0.62	2.79
Modification	0.0001823	11.80	0.0001823
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	0.0001823	11.80
Exercise of share options	0.0001823	11.80
Forfeited/canceled	2.44	5.86	13.99
Outstanding, ending balance	4.90	$ 6.04	$ 5.45	$ 12.28
Exercisable	7.07
Vested and Expected to Vest	$ 5.40
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life	3 years 4 months 24 days	3 years 8 months 26 days	4 years 6 months 14 days	4 years 9 months 21 days
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life, Exercisable	1 year 10 months 24 days
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life, Vested and Expected to Vest	3 years 1 month 2 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Options, Outstanding	$ 789,898	$ 1,686,640	$ 2,010,425	$ 1,052,084
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Options, exercised with shares issued to trusts	1,366,836	405,191
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Options, exercised excluding shares issued to trusts	192,041	$ 379,344
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Options, Exercisable	413,555
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Options, Vested and Expected to Vest	$ 684,439
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning balance	$ 26.16	$ 27.59	$ 16.95
Granted	47.47	38.30	35.69
Modification	47.71	28.45	39.87
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	47.71	28.45
Exercise of share options	47.71	28.45
Forfeited/canceled	41.29	34.20	25.36
Outstanding, ending balance	30.18	$ 26.16	$ 27.59	$ 16.95
Exercisable	22.80
Vested and Expected to Vest	$ 28.69

Share based compensation - pricing assumptions (Details) - Options - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Expected term (in years)	7 years	7 years	7 years
Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Fair value of ordinary shares (US$)	$ 30.32	$ 37.65	$ 37.48
Expected volatility	33.60%	31.00%	32.80%
Risk free interest rate (per annum)	0.94%	1.16%	1.60%
Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Fair value of ordinary shares (US$)	$ 65.60	$ 42.08	$ 39.87
Expected volatility	37.80%	34.80%	35.00%
Risk free interest rate (per annum)	1.26%	1.69%	2.40%

Share based compensation - Summary of activities of restricted shares and RSUs (Details) - Restricted shares and RSUs - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Number of Shares
Unvested, beginning balance	18,762,437	7,726,671	11,927,116
Granted	3,137,540	1,249,178	1,886,042
Vested	(64,990,673)	(1,802,889)	(4,775,362)
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	68,616,887	13,379,655
Forfeited/canceled	(2,248,496)	(1,790,178)	(1,311,125)
Unvested, ending balance	23,277,695	18,762,437	7,726,671	11,927,116
Expected to vest, Number of Shares	18,243,800
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested, beginning balance	$ 38.60	$ 36.64	$ 32.63
Granted	48.47	38.74	38.10
Vested	45.36	39.14	26.67
Exercise of share options with shares issued to trusts	47.71	39.87
Forfeited/canceled	48.40	39.05	38.41
Unvested, ending balance	41.21	$ 38.60	$ 36.64	$ 32.63
Expected to vest, Weighted Average Grant Date	$ 39.94
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life	5 years 4 months 21 days	4 years 7 months 6 days	4 years 9 months 25 days	4 years 9 months 14 days
Expected to vest, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual	5 years 2 months 6 days

Share based compensation - Restricted shares and RSUs (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	¥ 1,235,497	¥ 24,833,089	¥ 3,413,292	¥ 3,140,016
Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation expenses		¥ 2,361,592
Period for which unrecognized compensation expenses expected to be recognized		2 years 10 months 17 days
Restricted shares and RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation expenses		¥ 2,374,164
Period for which unrecognized compensation expenses expected to be recognized		2 years 9 months 21 days

Share based compensation - Voyager's share based awards (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	¥ 1,235,497	¥ 24,833,089	¥ 3,413,292	¥ 3,140,016
Voyager Group Inc. ("Voyager") \| Voyager Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum aggregate number of ordinary shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards		16,666,667
Share-based compensation expense		¥ 221,178
Contractual term of share-based awards		P7Y
Voyager Group Inc. ("Voyager") \| Voyager Incentive Plan \| Vesting Scenario One
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period of share-based awards		4 years
Vesting percentage of of share-based awards, first anniversary of the vesting commencement date		25.00%
Annual vesting percentage of of share-based awards, after first anniversary of the vesting commencement date		25.00%
Voyager Group Inc. ("Voyager") \| Voyager Incentive Plan \| Vesting Scenario Two
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period of share-based awards		5 years
Vesting percentage of of share-based awards, first anniversary of the vesting commencement date		20.00%
Annual vesting percentage of of share-based awards, after first anniversary of the vesting commencement date		20.00%

Convertible redeemable non-controlling interests and convertible non-controlling interests (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Convertible redeemable noncontrolling interests, beginning balance	¥ 3,345,265
Issuance of convertible redeemable non-controlling interests, net of issuance costs	8,225,007		¥ 3,180,218
Accretion of convertible redeemable non controlling interests to redemption value	687,617		165,047
Convertible redeemable noncontrolling interests, ending balance	12,257,889	$ 1,923,530	3,345,265
Convertible noncontrolling interests, beginning balance	99,851
Issuance of convertible non-controlling interests, net of issuance costs	969,506		99,851
Convertible noncontrolling interests, ending balance	¥ 1,069,357	167,806	¥ 99,851
Soda Technology Inc. ("Soda")
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Proceeds of redeemable and contingently redeemable shares issued by subsidiaries \| $		1,264,000		$ 1,264,000
Voyager Group Inc. ("Voyager")
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Proceeds of redeemable and contingently redeemable shares issued by subsidiaries \| $		825,000		$ 825,000
City Puzzle Holding Limited ("City Puzzle")
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Proceeds of redeemable and contingently redeemable shares issued by subsidiaries \| $		$ 1,340,000

Convertible preferred shares (Details)
¥ in Thousands

1 Months Ended

2 Months Ended

9 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

15 Months Ended

17 Months Ended

29 Months Ended

May 31, 2015

$ / shares

Feb. 28, 2015

$ / shares

Jul. 31, 2014

$ / shares

Apr. 30, 2014

$ / shares

Jan. 31, 2014

$ / shares

May 31, 2013

$ / shares

Apr. 30, 2013

$ / shares

Mar. 31, 2013

$ / shares

Jan. 31, 2015

$ / shares

Mar. 31, 2016

$ / shares

Dec. 31, 2021

$ / shares

shares

Dec. 31, 2021

CNY (¥)

shares

Dec. 31, 2020

$ / shares

shares

Dec. 31, 2020

CNY (¥)

shares

Dec. 31, 2019

$ / shares

shares

Dec. 31, 2019

CNY (¥)

shares

Dec. 31, 2018

CNY (¥)

shares

Oct. 31, 2017

$ / shares

Aug. 31, 2017

$ / shares

Aug. 31, 2019

$ / shares

Jun. 30, 2021

shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Total number of shares issued

816,245,752

816,287,809

805,979,968

Non-cumulative dividends rate

8.00%

Dividends on preferred shares declared | $ / shares

$ 0

Dividends on ordinary shares declared | $ / shares

$ 0

Beneficial conversion feature attributable to the preferred shares | ¥

¥ 0

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

816,245,752

816,287,809

805,979,968

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 189,838,979

¥ 189,847,244

¥ 186,278,055

Conversion of preferred shares to ordinary shares (in shares)

(816,245,752)

Conversion of preferred shares to ordinary shares | ¥

¥ (189,838,979)

Balance, end of year (in shares)

816,245,752

816,287,809

805,979,968

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 189,838,979

¥ 189,847,244

¥ 186,278,055

Deemed dividend resulting from repurchases of preferred shares | ¥

¥ 0

¥ 872

Ordinary shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Voting right for each share

1

Series A-1 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

February 2015

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 11.3970

Total number of shares issued

0

12,180,250

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

140.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

12,180,250

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 851,990

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

12,180,250

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 851,990

Series A-2 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

February 2015

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 11.4423

Total number of shares issued

0

9,145,501

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

140.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

9,145,501

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 641,634

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

9,145,501

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 641,634

Series A-3 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

February 2015

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 11.4423

Total number of shares issued

0

10,668,684

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

140.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

10,668,684

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 748,498

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

10,668,684

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 748,498

Series A-4 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

February 2015

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 11.6866

Total number of shares issued

0

31,230,930

33,711,135

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

31,230,930

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 2,237,896

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

31,230,930

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 2,237,896

Series A-5 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

February 2015

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 12.0325

Total number of shares issued

0

21,161,516

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

21,161,516

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 1,561,239

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

21,161,516

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 1,561,239

Series A-6 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

February 2015

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 12.7193

Total number of shares issued

0

37,347,909

41,028,543

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

37,347,909

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 2,912,703

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

37,347,909

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 2,912,703

Series A-7 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

March 2013

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 0.0080

Total number of shares issued

0

20,000,000

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

20,000,000

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 1,399,356

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

20,000,000

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 1,399,356

Series A-8 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

April 2013

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 0.1600

Total number of shares issued

0

17,379,861

12,500,000

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

17,379,861

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 1,216,500

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

17,379,861

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 1,216,500

Series A-9 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

May 2013

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 0.9600

Total number of shares issued

0

4,868,156

3,125,000

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

4,868,156

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 340,933

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

4,868,156

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 340,933

Series A-10 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

May 2013

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 0.9600

Total number of shares issued

0

24,340,774

15,625,000

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

24,340,774

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 1,710,976

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

24,340,774

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 1,710,976

Series A-11 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

January 2014

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 2.9160

Total number of shares issued

0

24,857,612

21,654,327

^[1]

Shares issued upon the exercise of the warrant

4,507,550

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

24,857,612

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 2,749,110

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

24,857,612

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 2,749,110

Series A-12 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

January 2014

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 3.2400

Total number of shares issued

0

12,785,758

10,956,791

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

12,785,758

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 907,676

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

12,785,758

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 907,676

Series A-13 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

April 2014

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 3.8250

Total number of shares issued

0

20,915,034

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

20,915,034

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 1,506,907

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

20,915,034

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 1,506,907

Series A-14 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

July 2014

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 7.3125

Total number of shares issued

0

17,777,778

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

17,777,778

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 1,316,637

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

17,777,778

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 1,316,637

Series A-15 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

December 2014 to January 2015

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 12.2727

Total number of shares issued

0

50,668,208

54,592,596

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

50,668,208

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 3,876,873

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

50,668,208

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 3,876,873

Series A-16 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

May 2015

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 18.9705

Total number of shares issued

0

12,756,674

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Threshold percentage of voting power of the outstanding preferred shares holders under which the convertible shares shall be automatically converted into ordinary shares

75.00%

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

12,756,674

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 1,476,708

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

12,756,674

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 1,476,708

Series A-17 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

July 2015 to March 2016

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 27.4262

Total number of shares issued

0

105,526,193

116,312,175

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

0

Threshold percentage of voting power of the outstanding preferred shares holders under which the convertible shares shall be automatically converted into ordinary shares

75.00%

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

105,526,193

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 18,054,207

Repurchase of convertible preferred shares (in shares)

(29,842)

Repurchase of convertible preferred shares | ¥

¥ (5,198)

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

105,526,193

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 18,054,207

Series A-18 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

April 2016 to August 2017

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 38.2271

Total number of shares issued

0

111,420,744

111,432,959

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Threshold percentage of voting power of the outstanding preferred shares holders under which the convertible shares shall be automatically converted into ordinary shares

75.00%

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

111,420,744

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 27,795,281

Repurchase of convertible preferred shares (in shares)

(12,215)

Repurchase of convertible preferred shares | ¥

¥ (3,067)

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

111,420,744

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 27,795,281

Series B-1 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

August 2016 to October 2017

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 119.0705

Total number of shares issued

0

58,530,879

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

3

Conversion ratio in event of extraordinary corporate transaction

3

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Voting right for each share

0.33

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

58,530,879

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 46,190,436

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

58,530,879

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 46,190,436

Series B-2 convertible preferred shares

Temporary Equity [Line Items]

Issuance date

April 2017 to August 2019

Issuance price per share | $ / shares

$ 50.9321

Total number of shares issued

0

212,683,291

Conversion ratio of preferred shares to ordinary shares

1

Threshold percentage of voting power of the outstanding preferred shares holders under which the convertible shares shall be automatically converted into ordinary shares

75.00%

Percentage of original issuance price for which the preferred share holders shall be entitled to receive plus other distributions in the event of any liquidation

100.00%

Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]

Balance, beginning of year (in shares)

212,683,291

Balance, beginning of year | ¥

¥ 72,343,419

Issuance of convertible preferred shares, net of issuance costs (in shares)

10,307,841

Issuance of convertible preferred shares, net of issuance costs | ¥

¥ 3,569,189

Balance, end of year (in shares)

0

212,683,291

Balance, end of year | ¥

¥ 72,343,419

[1]	Including 4,507,550 Series A-11 preferred shares legally issued in 2018 upon the exercise of the warrant.

Ordinary shares (Details) $ / shares in Units, ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2021 CNY (¥) shares	Jul. 31, 2021 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥) shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) Vote $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2020 $ / shares shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Authorized share capital \| $				$ 100,000
Common stock, shares authorized				5,000,000,000	1,617,583,821
Common stock, par value \| $ / shares				$ 0.00002	$ 0.00002
Number of Class A ordinary shares issuable in conversion				1
Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering, net of issuance cost \| ¥			¥ 28,033,106
Common stock, shares issued				1,205,810,369	124,067,444
Common stock, shares outstanding				1,182,633,848	108,531,508
Class A ordinary shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized				4,000,000,000	0
Common stock, par value \| $ / shares				$ 0.00002	$ 0.00002
Common Stock, Number Of Votes Per Share \| Vote				1
Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering, net of issuance cost \| $		$ 4,331,978
Common stock, shares issued				1,088,474,533	0
Common stock, shares outstanding				1,074,091,492	0
Class B ordinary Shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized				500,000,000	0
Common stock, par value \| $ / shares				$ 0.00002	$ 0.00002
Common Stock, Number Of Votes Per Share \| Vote				10
Common stock, shares issued				117,335,836	0
Common stock, shares outstanding				108,542,356	0
Ordinary shares, class not yet designated
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized				500,000,000
Common stock, par value \| $ / shares				$ 0.00002
Ordinary Shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering, net of issuance cost (in shares)			79,200,000
Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering, net of issuance cost \| ¥			¥ 10
Conversion of convertible preferred shares to ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering (in shares)			933,307,510
Ordinary Shares \| Class A ordinary shares \| IPO
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering, net of issuance cost (in shares)	79,200,000	79,200,000
Issuance of ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering, net of issuance cost \| ¥	¥ 28,033,106
Conversion of convertible preferred shares to ordinary shares in connection with initial public offering (in shares)	933,307,510	933,307,510

Loss per share (Details) ¥ / shares in Units, $ / shares in Units, ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥) ¥ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥) ¥ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥) ¥ / shares shares
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to DiDi Global Inc.	¥ (49,343,664)	$ (7,743,097)	¥ (10,514,498)	¥ (9,728,459)
Accretion of convertible redeemable noncontrolling interests to redemption value	(687,617)	(107,902)	(165,047)
Deemed dividends to preferred shareholders upon repurchases of convertible preferred shares \| ¥	0		(872)
Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of DiDi Global Inc.	¥ (50,031,281)	$ (7,850,999)	¥ (10,680,417)	¥ (9,728,459)
Denominator:
Weighted average number of Class A and Class B ordinary shares outstanding*	657,996,437	657,996,437	106,694,420	100,684,581
Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders
- Basic \| (per share)	¥ (76.04)	$ (11.93)	¥ (100.10)	¥ (96.62)
- Diluted \| (per share)	¥ (76.04)	$ (11.93)	¥ (100.10)	¥ (96.62)
Share Options, Share options, restricted shares and RSUs
Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders
Shares on a weighted average basis are excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share	68,967,807	68,967,807	34,318,101	22,825,892
Preferred shares
Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders
Shares on a weighted average basis are excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share	467,932,258	467,932,258	933,318,197	927,108,381

Related party transactions (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Related party transactions
Amounts due to related to services	¥ 249,402	¥ 281,873		$ 39,137
Aggregate balance of unsecured loans to directors and executive officers	¥ 0	65,306
Commercial Arrangements [Member]
Related party transactions
Number of shareholders	2
Alibaba Group
Related party transactions
Amounts due from related to services	¥ 66,641	26,857
Amounts due to related to services	¥ 140,557	¥ 278,178
Alibaba Group \| Maximum
Related party transactions
Percentage of revenues generated from	0.20%	0.20%	0.20%
Percentage of total costs and expenses	0.30%	0.30%	0.30%
Tencent Group
Related party transactions
Amounts due from related to services	¥ 66,641	¥ 26,857
Amounts due to related to services	¥ 140,557	¥ 278,178
Tencent Group \| Maximum
Related party transactions
Percentage of revenues generated from	0.10%	0.10%	0.10%
Percentage of total costs and expenses	0.70%	0.70%	0.70%
Chengxin
Related party transactions
Amounts due from related to services	¥ 7,363
Revenues generated from intra-city freight and ride hailing and enterprise solution services provided to Chengxin	277,350
Chengxin \| Commercial Arrangements [Member]
Related party transactions
Amounts due from related to services	10,750
Amounts due to related to services	¥ 87,961
Other investees \| Maximum
Related party transactions
Percentage of revenues generated from	0.20%	0.20%	0.20%
Percentage of total costs and expenses	0.10%	0.10%	0.10%

Commitments and contingencies (Details) ¥ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)
Operating lease commitments
Total	¥ 42,264
Less than 1 year	15,347
1-3 Years	23,451
3-5 years	3,182
Over 5 years	¥ 284
Operating lease \| Minimum
Operating lease commitments
Lease terms	1 year
Operating lease \| Maximum
Operating lease commitments
Lease terms	6 years
Investment
Operating lease commitments
Total	¥ 24,534

Fair value measurement - Summary of the financial instruments measured by level within the fair value hierarchy (Details) - CNY (¥) ¥ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	¥ 14,773,138	¥ 4,161,133
Structured deposits under fair value option
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total		3,588,170
Listed equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total		572,963
Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	451,679	572,963
Level 1 \| Listed equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total		572,963
Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	13,635,335	3,588,170
Level 2 \| Structured deposits under fair value option
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total		¥ 3,588,170
Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	686,124
Recurring \| Structured deposits under fair value option
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	4,622
Recurring \| Listed equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	13,342,946
Recurring \| Equity investments in Chengxin
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	12,767
Recurring \| Convertible Note of Chengxin
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	673,357
Recurring \| Other debt investments under fair value option
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	739,446
Recurring \| Level 1 \| Listed equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	451,679
Recurring \| Level 2 \| Structured deposits under fair value option
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	4,622
Recurring \| Level 2 \| Listed equity securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	12,891,267
Recurring \| Level 2 \| Other debt investments under fair value option
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	739,446
Recurring \| Level 3 \| Equity investments in Chengxin
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	12,767
Recurring \| Level 3 \| Convertible Note of Chengxin
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total	¥ 673,357

Fair value measurement - Investments in Chengxin (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021
Discount for Lack of Marketability \| Level 3 \| Equity investments in Chengxin \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Measurement input		12
Volatility \| Level 3 \| Equity investments in Chengxin
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Measurement input		55
Time to liquidity \| Level 3 \| Equity investments in Chengxin
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Measurement input		5.0
Discount rate \| Level 3 \| Scenario I [Member] \| Investments in Chengxin \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Measurement input	22
Discount rate \| Level 3 \| Scenario II [Member] \| Investments in Chengxin \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Measurement input	20
Recurring \| Discount for Lack of Marketability \| Convertible Note of Chengxin \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Measurement input		25

Fair value measurement - Non-recurring (Details) shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥) shares
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Impariment charges for equity investments without readily determinable fair value		¥ 1,022,098,000	¥ 1,450,840,000
Impairment losses from equity investments accounted for using equity method	¥ 264,292,000	79,875,000	¥ 293,274,000
Warrants outstanding \| shares			0
Impairment loss on the long-lived assets	2,247,738,000	855,988,000	¥ 125,134,000
Impairment of goodwill	2,501,100,000	0	0
Nonrecurring \| Level 3
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Impariment charges for equity investments without readily determinable fair value	0	1,022,098,000	1,450,840,000
Impairment losses from equity investments accounted for using equity method	264,292,000	79,875,000	293,274,000
Impairment loss on the long-lived assets	¥ 2,535,959,000	¥ 891,180,000	¥ 125,134,000
Value of input used to measure goodwill	16
Impairment of goodwill	¥ 2,501,100,000
Nonrecurring \| Level 3 \| Privately held investments \| Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Measurement input	19
Nonrecurring \| Level 3 \| Privately held investments \| Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Measurement input	20

Restricted net assets (Details) ¥ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Restricted net assets (Details) ¥ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)
Restricted net assets
Minimum of percentage to allocate after-tax profit	10.00%
Maximum percentage criteria for appropriation of after-tax profit of Chinese subsidiaries to general reserve fund	50.00%
Net assets subject to restriction on the distribution of share capital	¥ 16,900,585

Parent company condensed financial information - Condensed balance sheets of the parent company (Details) $ / shares in Units, ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥) shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥) shares	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2018 CNY (¥)
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	¥ 43,429,717	$ 6,815,070	¥ 19,372,084	$ 3,039,903	¥ 12,790,790	¥ 14,462,888
Amounts due from related parties	115,239	18,084	103,130
Prepayments, receivables and other current assets, net	3,957,975	621,093	3,913,165
Total current assets	68,765,864	10,790,865	68,630,657
Non current assets:
Investment securities and other investments	18,634,493	2,924,159	4,260,564
Total non-current assets	84,232,271	13,217,881	78,634,738
Total assets	152,998,135	24,008,746	147,265,395
Current liabilities:
Accounts and notes payable	4,624,953	725,756	7,352,977
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	11,647,222	1,827,703	11,303,960
Total current liabilities	24,422,785	3,832,468	26,359,665
Total liabilities	27,551,385	4,323,413	30,115,798
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			189,838,979		¥ 189,847,244	¥ 186,278,055
DiDi Global Inc. shareholders' equity (deficit):
Ordinary shares			16
Treasury shares	(3)		(2)
Additional paid-in capital	251,384,835	39,447,766	12,177,849
Accumulated deficit	(135,766,257)	(21,304,688)	(86,411,179)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(3,599,745)	(564,879)	(2,001,200)
Total shareholder's equity (deficit)	112,046,903	17,582,604	(76,218,013)
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and shareholders' equity (deficit)	¥ 152,998,135	$ 24,008,746	¥ 147,265,395
Common stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		$ 0.00002
Common stock, shares authorized \| shares	5,000,000,000	5,000,000,000	1,617,583,821	1,617,583,821
Common stock, shares issued \| shares	1,205,810,369	1,205,810,369	124,067,444	124,067,444
Common stock, shares outstanding \| shares	1,182,633,848	1,182,633,848	108,531,508	108,531,508
Series A-1 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			¥ 851,990
Series A-2 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			641,634
Series A-3 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			748,498
Series A-4 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			2,237,896
Series A-5 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			1,561,239
Series A-6 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			2,912,703
Series A-7 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			1,399,356
Series A-8 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			1,216,500
Series A-9 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			340,933
Series A-10 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			1,710,976
Series A-11 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			2,749,110
Series A-12 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			907,676
Series A-13 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			1,506,907
Series A-14 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			1,316,637
Series A-15 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			3,876,873
Series A-16 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			1,476,708
Series A-17 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			18,054,207
Series A-18 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			27,795,281
Series B-1 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			46,190,436
Series B-2 convertible preferred shares
Mezzanine equity
Total mezzanine equity			¥ 72,343,419
Class A ordinary shares
DiDi Global Inc. shareholders' equity (deficit):
Ordinary shares	¥ 141	$ 22
Common stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		$ 0.00002
Common stock, shares authorized \| shares	4,000,000,000	4,000,000,000	0	0
Common stock, shares issued \| shares	1,088,474,533	1,088,474,533	0	0
Common stock, shares outstanding \| shares	1,074,091,492	1,074,091,492	0	0
Class B ordinary Shares
DiDi Global Inc. shareholders' equity (deficit):
Ordinary shares	¥ 15	$ 2
Common stock, par value \| $ / shares		$ 0.00002		$ 0.00002
Common stock, shares authorized \| shares	500,000,000	500,000,000	0	0
Common stock, shares issued \| shares	117,335,836	117,335,836	0	0
Common stock, shares outstanding \| shares	108,542,356	108,542,356	0	0

Parent company condensed financial information - Condensed statements of comprehensive loss of the parent company (Details) ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 CNY (¥)	Dec. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Parent company condensed financial information
Total costs and expenses	¥ 222,269,128	$ 34,878,876	¥ 155,524,094	¥ 162,799,505
Income (loss) from non-operations	(624,466)	(97,992)	1,031,160	(452,120)
Share of loss of subsidiaries and VIE's	(475,851)	(74,671)	(1,057,427)	(979,177)
Loss before income taxes	(49,168,258)	(7,715,572)	(10,910,740)	(10,081,049)
Net loss attributable to DiDi Global Inc.	(49,343,664)	(7,743,097)	(10,514,498)	(9,728,459)
Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of DiDi Global Inc.	(50,031,281)	(7,850,999)	(10,680,417)	(9,728,459)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	(13,413,860)	(2,104,929)	1,137,622	1,444,650
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	1,144,684	179,625	(1,946,323)	(6,150,778)
Net cash provided by financing activities	¥ 35,191,482	$ 5,522,313	¥ 9,274,050	¥ 2,951,762