CLARIVATE PLC, 10-K filed on 2/24/2026
Annual Report
v3.25.4
Cover - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Jan. 31, 2026
Jun. 30, 2025
Cover [Abstract]      
Document Type 10-K    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2025    
Document Transition Report false    
Entity File Number 001-38911    
Entity Registrant Name CLARIVATE PLC    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code Y9    
Entity Address, Address Line One 70 St. Mary Axe    
Entity Address, City or Town London    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code EC3A 8BE    
Entity Address, Country GB    
Country Region 44    
City Area Code 207    
Local Phone Number 4334000    
Title of 12(b) Security Ordinary Shares, no par value    
Trading Symbol CLVT    
Security Exchange Name NYSE    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer    
Entity Small Business false    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true    
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag] false    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   640,698,582  
Entity Central Index Key 0001764046    
Amendment Flag false    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2025    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
Entity Tax Identification Number 00-0000000    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Public Float     $ 1,300.0
v3.25.4
Audit Information
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Audit Information [Abstract]  
Auditor Firm ID 238
Auditor Name PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Auditor Location Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
v3.25.4
Cover
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Cover [Abstract]  
Documents Incorporated by Reference The information required by Part III of this Form 10-K, to the extent not set forth herein, is incorporated herein by reference to the
registrant’s definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A for the 2026 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the close of the registrant’s fiscal year.
v3.25.4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Current assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash $ 329.2 $ 295.2
Accounts receivable, net 821.7 798.3
Prepaid expenses 94.2 85.9
Other current assets 64.9 65.2
Total current assets 1,310.0 1,244.6
Property and equipment, net 52.7 53.5
Other intangible assets, net 8,008.1 8,441.2
Goodwill 1,566.7 1,566.6
Other non-current assets 68.1 82.2
Deferred income taxes 17.2 48.5
Operating lease right-of-use assets 46.6 53.6
Total assets 11,069.4 11,490.2
Current liabilities:    
Accounts payable 150.6 124.5
Accrued compensation 146.7 119.2
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 273.0 308.8
Current portion of deferred revenues 878.6 859.1
Current portion of operating lease liability 18.4 20.6
Total current liabilities 1,568.8 1,433.5
Long-term debt 4,321.5 4,518.7
Other non-current liabilities 86.2 72.5
Deferred income taxes 212.1 273.3
Operating lease liabilities 37.9 53.2
Total liabilities 6,226.5 6,351.2
Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)
Shareholders' equity:    
Ordinary Shares, no par value; unlimited shares authorized; 640.7 and 691.4 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively 12,810.6 12,978.8
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (453.1) (526.3)
Accumulated deficit (7,514.6) (7,313.5)
Total shareholders' equity 4,842.9 5,139.0
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 11,069.4 11,490.2
Current portion of long-term debt(1) $ 101.5 $ 1.3
v3.25.4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares
shares in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]    
Ordinary shares, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0 $ 0
Ordinary shares, issued (in shares) 640.7 691.4
Ordinary shares, outstanding (in shares) 640.7 691.4
Common Stock, Shares Authorized, Unlimited [Fixed List] Unlimited Unlimited
v3.25.4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]      
Revenues $ 2,455.2 $ 2,556.7 $ 2,628.8
Operating Expenses:      
Cost of revenues 833.6 869.2 906.4
Selling, general and administrative costs 708.6 727.6 739.7
Depreciation and amortization 757.2 727.0 708.3
Goodwill and intangible asset impairments 15.0 540.7 979.9
Restructuring and other impairments 50.7 19.6 40.0
Other operating expense (income), net 18.6 (51.8) (10.8)
Total operating expenses 2,383.7 2,832.3 3,363.5
Income (loss) from operations 71.5 (275.6) (734.7)
Fair value adjustment of warrants 0.0 (5.2) (15.9)
Interest expense, net 265.4 283.4 293.7
Income (loss) before income taxes (193.9) (553.8) (1,012.5)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 7.2 82.9 (101.3)
Net income (loss) (201.1) (636.7) (911.2)
Dividends on preferred shares 0.0 31.3 75.4
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shares $ (201.1) $ (668.0) $ (986.6)
Per share      
Basic (in dollars per share) $ (0.30) $ (0.96) $ (1.47)
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ (0.30) $ (0.96) $ (1.47)
Weighted average shares used to compute earnings per share:      
Basic (in shares) 673.3 693.6 671.6
Diluted (in shares) 673.3 693.6 671.6
v3.25.4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]      
Net income (loss) $ (201.1) $ (636.7) $ (911.2)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:      
Interest rate swaps (8.4) (5.5) (21.9)
Defined benefit pension plans, net of tax (0.7) (0.8) (1.1)
Foreign currency translation adjustment 82.3 (24.7) 193.6
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 73.2 (31.0) 170.6
Comprehensive income (loss) $ (127.9) $ (667.7) $ (740.6)
v3.25.4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]      
Interest rate swaps, tax $ (2.5) $ (1.7) $ (7.2)
Net income (loss) $ (201.1) $ (636.7) $ (911.2)
v3.25.4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Total
Ordinary Shares
Preferred Shares
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Accumulated deficit
Balance at beginning of the period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022   674,400,000 14,400,000    
Balance at beginning of the period at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 6,812.5 $ 11,744.7 $ 1,392.6 $ (665.9) $ (5,658.9)
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity          
Exercise of stock options (in shares)   300,000      
Exercise of stock options 1.6 $ 1.6      
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)   7,600,000      
Share-based award activity (in shares)   (2,400,000)      
APIC, Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition 94.2 $ 94.2      
Stock repurchased and retired (in shares)   (13,800,000)      
Stock Repurchased and Retired During Period, Value (100.0) $ (100.0)      
Dividends, Preferred Stock (75.4)       (75.4)
Net income (loss) (911.2)       (911.2)
Other comprehensive income (loss) 170.6     170.6  
Balance at end of the period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023   666,100,000 14,400,000    
Balance at end of the period at Dec. 31, 2023 5,992.3 $ 11,740.5 $ 1,392.6 (495.3) (6,645.5)
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity          
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)   6,700,000      
Share-based award activity (in shares)   (2,300,000)      
APIC, Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition $ 45.7 $ 45.7      
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Conversion of Convertible Securities   $ 1,392.6 $ (1,392.6)    
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Conversion of Convertible Securities   55,300,000 (14,400,000)    
Stock repurchased and retired (in shares) (34,400,000) (34,400,000)      
Stock Repurchased and Retired During Period, Value $ (200.0) $ (200.0)      
Dividends, Preferred Stock (31.3)       (31.3)
Net income (loss) (636.7)       (636.7)
Other comprehensive income (loss) (31.0)     (31.0)  
Balance at end of the period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024   691,400,000 0    
Balance at end of the period at Dec. 31, 2024 5,139.0 $ 12,978.8 $ 0.0 (526.3) (7,313.5)
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity          
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)   7,800,000      
Share-based award activity (in shares)   (2,500,000)      
APIC, Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition $ 56.3 $ 56.3      
Stock repurchased and retired (in shares) (56,000,000.0) (56,000,000.0)      
Stock Repurchased and Retired During Period, Value $ (224.5) $ (224.5)      
Net income (loss) (201.1)       (201.1)
Other comprehensive income (loss) 73.2     73.2  
Balance at end of the period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2025   640,700,000 0    
Balance at end of the period at Dec. 31, 2025 $ 4,842.9 $ 12,810.6 $ 0.0 $ (453.1) $ (7,514.6)
v3.25.4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Cash Flows From Operating Activities      
Net income (loss) $ (201.1) $ (636.7) $ (911.2)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization 757.2 727.0 708.3
Share-based compensation 63.1 59.9 109.0
Restructuring and other impairments, including goodwill 18.6 540.3 986.2
Gain on sale from divestitures 0.0 (54.7) 0.0
Gain on legal settlement 0.0 0.0 (49.4)
Deferred income taxes (41.5) 21.2 (78.4)
Amortization and write-off of debt issuance costs 14.3 16.4 18.2
Other operating activities 14.4 (1.9) 21.9
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Accounts receivable (5.0) 92.6 (25.5)
Prepaid expenses (7.5) 1.5 1.7
Other assets 3.2 (0.8) 35.1
Accounts payable 22.8 (15.0) 41.2
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (11.3) 3.8 (44.4)
Deferred revenues (2.6) (106.2) 20.3
Operating leases, net (5.4) (9.6) (8.0)
Other liabilities 9.3 8.8 (80.8)
Net cash provided by operating activities 628.5 646.6 744.2
Cash Flows From Investing Activities      
Capital expenditures (263.2) (289.1) (242.5)
Payments to Acquire Businesses, Net of Cash Acquired 0.0 (32.0) (5.4)
Proceeds from divestitures, net of cash divested 0.0 84.4 10.5
Net cash used for investing activities (263.2) (236.7) (237.4)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities      
Principal payments on debt (600.0) (198.1) (300.0)
Proceeds from Issuance of Debt 500.0 0.0 0.0
Payment of debt issuance and extinguishment costs (9.4) (20.1) 0.1
Payments for Repurchase of Equity 224.5 200.0 100.0
Cash dividends on preferred shares 0.0 (37.7) (75.5)
Payments related to tax withholding for share-based compensation (10.4) (15.6) (20.6)
Other financing activities 1.2 1.4 (0.5)
Net cash used for financing activities (343.1) (470.1) (496.5)
Effects of exchange rates 11.8 (15.3) 3.6
Net change in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash 34.0 (75.5) 13.9
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, beginning of period 295.2 370.7 356.8
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, end of period 329.2 295.2 370.7
Cash paid for interest 256.3 265.3 273.5
Cash paid for income tax $ 42.1 $ 52.9 $ 42.9
v3.25.4
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Clarivate Plc (“Clarivate,” “us,” “we,” “our,” or the “Company”) is a public limited company incorporated under the laws of
Jersey, Channel Islands.
We are a leading global provider of transformative intelligence. We support the entire innovation lifecycle, from cultivating
curiosity to protecting the world’s critical intellectual property assets. We offer intelligence solutions, workflow solutions,
and tech-enabled services to our customers in the Academia & Government (“A&G”), Intellectual Property (“IP”), and Life
Sciences & Healthcare (“LS&H”) end markets, which form the basis of our three reportable segments, organized by the
different products and services we offer and the markets we serve. For additional information on our reportable segments, see
Note 15 - Segment Information.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles (“GAAP”) and include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant
intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Certain reclassifications of prior period amounts have been made to conform to the current period presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could
differ from those estimates. The most significant of these estimates relate to our asset impairment analyses and income taxes.
We evaluate these estimates, assumptions, and judgments on an ongoing basis by reference to our historical experience and
other factors, including expectations of future events that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Accounts receivable are the primary financial instrument that potentially subjects us to significant concentrations of credit
risk. Accounts receivable represent arrangements in which services were transferred to a customer before the customer pays
consideration or before payment is due. We do not require collateral or other securities to support customer receivables. We
perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and limit the amount of credit extended when deemed appropriate.
We maintain our cash and cash equivalent balances with high-quality financial institutions and consequently, we believe that
such funds are subject to minimal credit risk.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. We
utilize the following fair value hierarchy in determining fair values:
Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and
liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active;
or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity. This includes certain pricing models,
discounted cash flow methodologies, and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.
The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other accruals readily
convertible into cash approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of the instruments. As further discussed in Note
2 - Acquisitions and Divestitures, we have classified the contingent consideration associated with the Valipat divestiture
within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. As further discussed in Note 9 - Debt, we have classified our debt instruments
within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. We have also classified our derivative instruments described in Note 8 - Derivative
Instruments within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents is comprised of cash on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity at the date of
purchase of three months or less, and includes restricted cash of $12.6 and $10.5 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024,
respectively.
Allowance for Credit Losses
We estimate credit losses for trade receivables by using a current expected credit loss model. The credit loss allowance is
determined through an analysis of historical collection experience, the aging of accounts receivable, and an evaluation of the
impact of current and projected economic conditions. Trade and other receivables are written off when there is no reasonable
expectation of recovery, such as a past due status greater than 360 days or bankruptcy of the debtor.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is recorded at cost, and depreciation is recorded using the straight‑line method over the estimated
useful lives of the assets, as follows:
Computer hardware
3 years
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment
5 - 7 years
Leasehold improvements
Lesser of lease term or estimated useful life
Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
Internally Developed Software and Content
Internally Developed Software — Development costs related to internally generated software are capitalized once a project
has progressed to the application development stage. Costs of significant improvements or enhancements on existing software
for internal use, both internally developed and purchased, are also capitalized. Costs related to the preliminary project stage,
data conversion, and the post-implementation/operation stage of an internal-use software development project are expensed
as incurred. Capitalized costs are amortized over five years, which is the estimated useful life of the related software.
Purchased software is amortized over three years, which is the estimated useful life of the related software.
Content — Costs related to the acquisition of source materials, content selection, document processing, editing, abstracting,
and indexing are capitalized. We also capitalize internal and external costs associated with the development of product-
related software that adds functionality and improves the customer’s ability to search our content. These capitalized costs are
amortized over a two to five year useful life.
We do not capitalize any costs associated with research and development or marketing.
Leases
We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in Operating lease right-of-use
(“ROU”) assets, Current portion of operating lease liability, and Operating lease liabilities on our Consolidated Balance
Sheets. Our finance lease asset is included within Property and equipment, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note
5 - Property and Equipment, Net) and the related finance lease liability is included as an item of indebtedness (see Note 9 -
Debt) on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum
lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. The initial valuation of finance lease assets and liabilities is
calculated in the same way. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate
based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. The operating
lease ROU asset also includes initial direct costs incurred and any lease payments made before lease commencement, minus
any lease incentives received. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably
certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis
over the lease term.
We account for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
We account for our business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting. We allocate the purchase price of an
acquisition to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. As part of this allocation
process, we identify and attribute values and estimated lives to the intangible assets acquired. The excess of the purchase
price over the fair values of identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill.
Definite-lived intangible assets are generally amortized on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:
Customer relationships
2 - 23 years
Technology and content
2 - 20 years
Computer software
5 years
Trade names and other
2 - 18 years
Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but instead are tested for impairment annually as of the first
day of the fourth quarter, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.
Asset Impairment Evaluation
We evaluate property and equipment, definite-lived intangible assets, and operating lease ROU assets for impairment
whenever circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. We determine the recoverability of an asset, or a
group of assets, by comparing the carrying value to the future undiscounted cash flows that the asset is expected to generate
over its remaining life. Any impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the
asset.
Goodwill impairment testing is performed at the reporting unit level. For goodwill impairment testing purposes, we have
determined that our business segments are our reporting units. As part of our annual goodwill impairment testing, we have
the option to first perform qualitative testing to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting
unit is less than its carrying value. If we bypass the qualitative assessment, or if the qualitative assessment indicates that
quantitative analysis should be performed, we evaluate goodwill for impairment by comparing the estimated fair value of a
reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. We estimate the fair value of a reporting unit using a discounted
cash flow (“DCF”) analysis based on the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at an appropriate risk-
adjusted rate. We use our internal forecasts to estimate future cash flows and include an estimate of long-term future growth
rates.
Our indefinite-lived intangible assets are related to trade names. Similar to goodwill, as part of our annual indefinite-lived
intangible asset impairment testing, we have the option to first perform qualitative testing by evaluating whether any events
and circumstances occurred that provide evidence that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived assets are impaired. If
we do not believe that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived assets are impaired, no quantitative impairment test is
required. If we choose not to complete a qualitative assessment, or if the qualitative assessment indicates that a quantitative
analysis should be performed, we estimate the fair value of the indefinite-lived asset by using the relief-from-royalty method
based on the present value of estimated future cash flows that the indefinite-lived asset is expected to generate in the future.
Any impairment charge is recognized in full in the reporting period in which it has been identified. For discussion of the
analysis and results of our impairment tests, see Note 6 - Other Intangible Assets, Net and Goodwill and Note 12 -
Restructuring and Other Impairments.
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following:
December 31,
2025
2024
Liabilities due to customers
$62.8
$84.8
Accrued royalties
72.4
79.3
Miscellaneous accruals
137.8
144.7
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
$273.0
$308.8
Income Taxes
We recognize income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities arise from
temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements,
which will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded at the
enacted tax rate expected to apply to the temporary difference when settled or realized. We record U.S. tax expense resulting
from Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (“GILTI”) as a current period expense.
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider all available positive and negative evidence factors. Evidence
considered includes historical and projected future taxable income by tax jurisdiction, character and timing of income or loss,
and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. We record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the net
realizable value that is more likely than not to be realized.
We record tax benefits when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including
resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. The amount of tax
benefit recorded is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement. We then
record a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax
return. Uncertain tax positions are reassessed quarterly and liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits are adjusted when our
judgment changes as a result of the evaluation of new information, such as developments in case law, new regulations or tax
law, or changes in the status of ongoing audits. These adjustments will be reflected as increases or decreases to income tax
expense in the period in which new information is available. Accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax
benefits are included within the Provision (benefit) for income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Revenue Recognition
We derive revenue through subscriptions to our product offerings, re-occurring contracts in our IP segment, and transactional
sales that are typically quoted on a product, data set, or project basis.
Subscription-based revenues are recurring revenues that we typically earn under annual contracts, pursuant to which
we license the right to use our products to our customers or provide maintenance services over a contractual term.
We invoice and collect the subscription fee at the beginning of the subscription period. For multi-year agreements,
we generally invoice customers annually at the beginning of each annual coverage period. Cash received or
receivable in advance of completing the performance obligations is included in deferred revenue. We recognize
subscription revenue ratably over the contract term as the access or service is provided.
Re-occurring revenues are derived solely from the patent and trademark renewal services provided by our IP
segment. Our services help customers maintain and protect their patents and trademarks in multiple jurisdictions
around the world. Because of the re-occurring nature of the patent and trademark lifecycle, our customers engage us
on a regular basis to ensure their intellectual property rights remain protected. These contracts typically include
evergreen clauses or are multi-year agreements. We invoice and recognize revenue upon delivery of the service.
Transactional revenues are earned for specific deliverables that are typically quoted on a product, data set, or project
basis. Transactional revenues include content sales (including single-document and aggregated collection sales),
consulting engagements, and other professional services such as software implementation services. We typically
invoice and record revenue for this revenue stream upon delivery of the product, data set, project, or related
performance obligations.
When multiple performance obligations exist in a single contract, the transaction price is allocated to each performance
obligation in proportion to the standalone selling price of each performance obligation. The standalone selling price is
typically determined by reference to our standard price lists and is a reflection of our normal pricing practices when sold
separately with consideration of market conditions and other factors, including customer demographics and geographic
location. Discounts applied to the contract are allocated based on the same proportion of standalone selling prices.
For transactions that involve a third party, we evaluate whether we are acting as the principal or the agent in the transaction
by considering factors such as control of the specified goods or services before they are transferred to the customer,
fulfillment responsibility, collection risk, and discretion in establishing price. If we determine that we control the good or
service before it is transferred to the customer, we recognize revenue on a gross basis. Conversely, if we determine that we do
not control the good or service before it is transferred to the customer, we recognize revenue on a net basis.
We pay commissions to sales colleagues for obtaining new customers and renewing contracts with existing customers. We
treat these commission costs as costs to obtain a contract and are therefore considered contract assets. We capitalize certain of
these commission costs within Prepaid expenses and Other non-current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The costs
are amortized to Selling, general and administrative costs within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The
amortization period is between one and seven years based on the estimated length of the customer relationship.
Share-based Compensation
We recognize compensation expense for share-based awards based on grant date fair value. The fair value of restricted share
units (“RSUs”) is based on the fair value of our common shares on the date of grant, and we use a Monte Carlo simulation to
determine the fair value of our performance share units (“PSUs”) at grant date. We use the graded vesting method to amortize
the value of share-based awards to expense. We recognize forfeitures as they occur.
Defined Contribution Plans
Employees participate in various defined contribution savings plans that provide for Company-matching contributions. Costs
for future employee benefits are accrued over the periods in which employees earn the benefits. Total expense related to
defined contribution plans was $39.7, $37.3, and $34.9 for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively,
which approximates the cash outlays related to the plans.
Restructuring
Restructuring expense includes costs associated with involuntary termination benefits provided to employees, certain contract
termination costs, and other costs associated with an exit or disposal activity. Involuntary termination benefits are recognized
within restructuring charges at the time that the program was approved and all necessary communications were made. The
liabilities are recorded within Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The
corresponding expenses are recorded within Restructuring and other impairments in the Consolidated Statements of
Operations. For further details, see Note 12 - Restructuring and Other Impairments.
Legal Costs
Legal costs expected to be incurred in connection with a loss contingency are expensed and accrued at the outset of the legal
matter giving rise to the estimated legal costs. We reassess the sufficiency of the accrual each reporting period.
Other Operating Expense (Income), Net
Other operating expense (income), net consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Gain on sale from divestitures
Note 2
$
$(54.7)
$
Gain on legal settlement
Note 16
(49.4)
Net foreign exchange loss
34.9
4.2
38.9
Miscellaneous, net
(16.3)
(1.3)
(0.3)
Total
$18.6
$(51.8)
$(10.8)
Foreign Currency Translation
The operations of each of our entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the
subsidiary operates (“functional currency”). Assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is the
local currency are translated into U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates. Revenues and expenses are translated at the
average exchange rate in effect during each fiscal month during the year. The effects of foreign currency translation
adjustments are included as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the accompanying Consolidated
Balance Sheets.
Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shares by the weighted
average number of ordinary shares outstanding for the applicable period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income
(loss) attributable to ordinary shares, adjusted for the change in fair value of the private placement warrants, by the weighted
average number of ordinary shares and dilutive potential ordinary shares outstanding for the applicable period. Diluted EPS
reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities were exercised or converted into ordinary shares, as calculated
using the treasury stock method.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires footnote
disclosure that disaggregates relevant expense captions, including the total amount of selling expenses. The amendments in
this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after
December 15, 2027 on a prospective basis, with the option for retrospective application. Early adoption is permitted. We are
currently assessing the impact of this update on our financial statement disclosures.
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets,
which provides a practical expedient to measure credit losses on current accounts receivable and current contract assets. The
practical expedient allows entities to assume that current conditions as of the balance sheet date do not change for the
remaining life of the asset when measuring credit losses. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years,
including interim reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted. We are currently
assessing the impact of this update on our financial statements and related disclosures.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software,
which removes all references to project stages and clarifies the threshold that entities apply to begin capitalizing costs. The
update further specifies required disclosures for all capitalized internal-use software costs. The amendments in this update are
effective for fiscal years, including interim reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption
permitted as of the beginning of an annual reporting period. Entities are permitted to apply the new guidance using a
prospective, modified, or retrospective transition approach. We are currently assessing the impact of this update on our
financial statements and related disclosures.
v3.25.4
Acquisitions and Divestitures
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, Transaction between Entities under Common Control, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]  
Acquisitions and Divestitures Acquisitions and Divestitures
2024 Divestiture of ScholarOne
In the fourth quarter of 2024, in connection with focusing our efforts on our core A&G business assets, we sold our
ScholarOne product group for net cash proceeds of $103.6. As a result of the divestiture, we recognized a gain of $69.5,
which is included in Other operating expense (income), net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended
December 31, 2024.
2024 Divestiture of Valipat
In the second quarter of 2023, we agreed to sell Valipat, a small product group within our IP segment, for $33.8, payable in
annual installments over ten years. The transaction closed in April 2024, and we recognized a loss of $14.8, included in Other
operating expense (income), net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Prior to classifying Valipat as held-for-sale in the second quarter of 2023, the assets to be sold consisted almost entirely of
customer relationship intangible assets. These assets were reduced to an estimated fair value of $26.1 based on the present
value of the consideration to be received over ten years. The resulting impairment charge of $132.2 is included in Goodwill
and intangible asset impairments in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2023.
As of December 31, 2025, the fair value of the related contingent consideration receivable was $30.8, net of cash receipts,
reported primarily within Other non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We remeasure this receivable on a
recurring basis using Level 3 inputs, specifically discounted revenue projections.
v3.25.4
Revenue
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Revenues
We disaggregate our revenues by transaction type, by segment (see Note 15 - Segment Information), and by geography.
The following table presents revenues by transaction type, based on revenue recognition pattern:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Subscription
$1,605.5
$1,626.8
$1,618.1
Re-occurring
434.2
429.8
444.6
Recurring revenues
2,039.7
2,056.6
2,062.7
Transactional
415.5
500.1
566.1
Revenues
$2,455.2
$2,556.7
$2,628.8
The following table presents revenues by geography, based on customer location:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Americas
$1,303.0
$1,381.4
$1,405.5
EMEA
654.8
667.8
707.5
APAC
497.4
507.5
515.8
Revenues
$2,455.2
$2,556.7
$2,628.8
For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, approximately 49%, 50%, and 49% of our revenues were attributed
to customers in the U.S., respectively. No other country accounted for more than 10% of our revenues.
As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the capitalized amount of sales commissions included within Prepaid expenses was
$15.2 and $15.4, respectively, and the capitalized amount included in Other non-current assets was $18.7 and $21.4,
respectively. We have not recorded any impairments against these capitalized commission costs.
The following table presents our contract balances:
December 31,
2025
2024
Accounts receivable, net
$821.7
$798.3
Current portion of deferred revenues
$878.6
$859.1
Non-current portion of deferred revenues
$17.0
$16.6
During the year ended December 31, 2025, we recognized revenues of $737.8 attributable to deferred revenues recorded at
the beginning of the period, primarily consisting of subscription revenues recognized ratably over the contractual term.
Our remaining performance obligations are included in the current or non-current portion of deferred revenues on the
Consolidated Balance Sheets. The majority of these obligations relate to customer contracts where we license the right to use
our products or provide maintenance services over a contractual term, generally one year or less.
v3.25.4
Accounts Receivable
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Receivables [Abstract]  
Accounts Receivable Accounts Receivable
Our Accounts receivable, net balance consisted of the following:
December 31,
2025
2024
Accounts receivable
$833.6
$814.5
Accounts receivable allowance
(11.9)
(16.2)
Accounts receivable, net
$821.7
$798.3
The change in our accounts receivable allowance related to the following activity during each of the years presented:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Balance at beginning of year
$16.2
$26.6
$27.1
Additional provisions
2.7
3.2
7.0
Write-offs
(7.9)
(12.9)
(9.3)
Exchange rate change
0.9
(0.7)
1.8
Balance at end of year
$11.9
$16.2
$26.6
v3.25.4
Property and Equipment, Net
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Property and Equipment, Net Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:
December 31,
2025
2024
Computer hardware
$77.1
$64.3
Leasehold improvements
21.3
21.6
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment
44.4
46.6
Finance lease
8.0
8.0
Other
2.3
2.2
Property and equipment, gross
$153.1
$142.7
Accumulated depreciation
(100.4)
(89.2)
Property and equipment, net
$52.7
$53.5
Depreciation expense was $21.9, $19.0, and $23.2 for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
v3.25.4
Other Intangible Assets, Net
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Other Intangible Assets, Net and Goodwill Other Intangible Assets, Net and Goodwill
Other intangible assets, net
The following table summarizes the gross carrying amounts and accumulated amortization of our identifiable intangible
assets by major class:
December 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
Gross
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Gross
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Customer relationships
$7,828.2
$(1,875.4)
$5,952.8
$7,773.9
$(1,515.9)
$6,258.0
Technology and content
2,832.2
(1,453.1)
1,379.1
2,748.8
(1,204.6)
1,544.2
Computer software
1,252.1
(758.8)
493.3
1,060.6
(609.2)
451.4
Trade names and other
89.3
(63.3)
26.0
88.4
(57.7)
30.7
Definite-lived intangible assets
$12,001.8
$(4,150.6)
$7,851.2
$11,671.7
$(3,387.4)
$8,284.3
Indefinite-lived trade names
156.9
156.9
156.9
156.9
Other intangible assets, net
$12,158.7
$(4,150.6)
$8,008.1
$11,828.6
$(3,387.4)
$8,441.2
Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $735.3, $708.0, and $685.1 during the years ended December 31, 2025,
2024, and 2023, respectively.
In December 2024, the Board approved the wind-down of three product groups within the LS&H and A&G segments in
connection with the Value Creation Plan and we recorded an intangible assets impairment charge of $75.0 to write down the
carrying values of the associated intangibles, primarily technology and content assets, to their respective estimated net book
values.
In connection with the Valipat divestiture and related assets and liabilities held-for-sale as of December 31, 2023 (see Note 2
- Acquisitions and Divestitures for further details), we recorded an intangible assets impairment charge of $132.2 during the
year ended December 31, 2023, primarily associated with purchase-related customer relationships.
As of December 31, 2025, the remaining weighted-average estimated useful life (in years) of our definite-lived intangible
assets, by major class and in total, was as follows:
Customer relationships
18
Technology and content
8
Computer software
5
Trade names and other
6
Total
15
As of December 31, 2025, estimated future amortization expense related to definite-lived intangible assets was as follows:
2026
$697.0
2027
665.0
2028
627.4
2029
574.2
2030
516.4
Thereafter
4,755.5
Amortizing intangible assets
$7,835.5
Internally developed software projects in process
15.7
Definite-lived intangible assets
$7,851.2
Goodwill
The change in the carrying amount of Goodwill by segment was as follows:
A&G
IP
LS&H
Total
Consolidated
Balance as of December 31, 2023
$1,109.8
$
$913.9
$2,023.7
Acquisition
13.8
15.8
29.6
Goodwill impairment
(13.8)
(451.9)
(465.7)
Divestiture(1)
(20.6)
(20.6)
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations
(0.4)
(0.4)
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$1,088.8
$
$477.8
$1,566.6
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations
0.1
0.1
Balance as of December 31, 2025
$1,088.9
$
$477.8
$1,566.7
(1) Related to the ScholarOne divestiture and its allocated portion of the A&G segment reporting unit’s goodwill balance. For further details, see Note 2 -
Acquisitions and Divestitures.
In 2025, 2024, and 2023, we completed quantitative goodwill impairment assessments using a DCF analysis to estimate the
fair value of each of our reporting units. For additional information related to our goodwill impairment testing policy and
procedures, see Note 1 - Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
In the fourth quarter of 2023, we performed our annual goodwill impairment assessment and determined that the carrying
value of the IP and LS&H segment reporting units exceeded their respective fair values, resulting in a goodwill impairment
charge of $847.7. The impairments were primarily due to worsening macroeconomic and market conditions.
In the second quarter of 2024, primarily due to sustained declines in our share price, we determined that it was appropriate to
perform an interim quantitative goodwill impairment assessment and concluded that the estimated fair value of the A&G
reporting unit was substantially in excess of its carrying value. For the LS&H reporting unit, we determined the carrying
value exceeded its fair value; consequently, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $302.8.
In the third quarter of 2024, we recorded $13.8 of goodwill associated with a small acquisition within the IP reporting unit.
We recorded an impairment to the goodwill because the IP reporting unit’s fair value was significantly below its carrying
value based on the results of our second quarter 2024 interim quantitative impairment assessment.
In the fourth quarter of 2024, we performed our annual goodwill impairment assessment and, while the estimated fair value
decreased for all reporting units, we concluded that the estimated fair value of the A&G reporting unit continued to be
substantially in excess of its carrying value. For the LS&H reporting unit, we determined the carrying value exceeded its fair
value; consequently, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $149.1. The impairment was primarily due to sustained
declines in our share price.
In the fourth quarter of 2025, we performed our annual goodwill impairment assessment and concluded that the estimated fair
values of the A&G and LS&H reporting units were in excess of their respective carrying values and therefore, no impairment
charge was required.
v3.25.4
Leases
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases
We currently lease office space and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. We also have one
financing lease for office space. Some of our leases include renewal options, which we do not consider with respect to the
lease term used for calculating the lease liability because the renewal options allow us to maintain operational flexibility, and
we are not reasonably certain we will exercise the renewal options.
The following table presents the components of our lease cost, supplemental cash flow disclosures, and other information
related to our lease arrangements:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Lease Cost
Operating lease cost
$20.5
$20.2
$22.4
Variable and short-term lease cost
6.4
4.8
6.0
Finance lease cost
2.5
2.4
2.6
Total lease cost
$29.4
$27.4
$31.0
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases
$26.7
$30.3
$31.9
Operating cash flows for finance leases
2.0
2.1
2.1
Financing cash flows for finance leases
1.3
1.2
1.0
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases
$8.0
$16.8
$16.2
Other Information
Weighted-average remaining lease term:
Operating leases
4
5
5
Finance leases
11
12
13
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases
6.5%
6.2%
5.2%
Finance leases
6.9%
6.9%
6.9%
The following table presents an analysis of our lease liability maturities as of December 31, 2025:
Year Ending December 31,
Operating Leases
Finance Leases
2026
$21.3
$3.4
2027
15.3
3.4
2028
8.5
3.5
2029
7.2
3.6
2030
4.6
3.7
Thereafter
7.7
22.6
Total undiscounted cash flows
$64.6
$40.2
Present value:
Current lease liabilities
18.4
1.5
Non-current lease liabilities
37.9
26.6
Total lease liabilities
$56.3
$28.1
Interest on lease liabilities
$8.3
$12.1
Leases Leases
We currently lease office space and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. We also have one
financing lease for office space. Some of our leases include renewal options, which we do not consider with respect to the
lease term used for calculating the lease liability because the renewal options allow us to maintain operational flexibility, and
we are not reasonably certain we will exercise the renewal options.
The following table presents the components of our lease cost, supplemental cash flow disclosures, and other information
related to our lease arrangements:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Lease Cost
Operating lease cost
$20.5
$20.2
$22.4
Variable and short-term lease cost
6.4
4.8
6.0
Finance lease cost
2.5
2.4
2.6
Total lease cost
$29.4
$27.4
$31.0
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases
$26.7
$30.3
$31.9
Operating cash flows for finance leases
2.0
2.1
2.1
Financing cash flows for finance leases
1.3
1.2
1.0
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases
$8.0
$16.8
$16.2
Other Information
Weighted-average remaining lease term:
Operating leases
4
5
5
Finance leases
11
12
13
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases
6.5%
6.2%
5.2%
Finance leases
6.9%
6.9%
6.9%
The following table presents an analysis of our lease liability maturities as of December 31, 2025:
Year Ending December 31,
Operating Leases
Finance Leases
2026
$21.3
$3.4
2027
15.3
3.4
2028
8.5
3.5
2029
7.2
3.6
2030
4.6
3.7
Thereafter
7.7
22.6
Total undiscounted cash flows
$64.6
$40.2
Present value:
Current lease liabilities
18.4
1.5
Non-current lease liabilities
37.9
26.6
Total lease liabilities
$56.3
$28.1
Interest on lease liabilities
$8.3
$12.1
v3.25.4
Derivative Instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Instruments Derivative Instruments
We are exposed to various market risks, including foreign currency exchange rate risk and interest rate risk. We use
derivative instruments to manage these risk exposures. We enter into foreign currency contracts and cross-currency swaps to
help manage our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate risk and we use interest rate swaps to mitigate interest rate risk.
We assess the fair value of these instruments by considering current and anticipated movements in future interest rates and
the relevant currency spot and future rates available in the market. Accordingly, these instruments are classified within Level
2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Cash flow hedges
We have interest rate swap arrangements with counterparties to reduce our exposure to variability in cash flows related to
interest payments on our outstanding term loans. These swaps are designated as cash flow hedges of the risk associated with
floating interest rates on designated future monthly interest payments. We determine the fair value of our interest rate swaps
by comparing the present value of the remaining fixed payments to the present value of the remaining floating payments,
using discount factors based on interest rate yield curves.
As of December 31, 2025, we have outstanding interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional value of $1,756.9. This amount
includes five swap arrangements currently in effect and two forward-starting swaps that are scheduled to commence on the
October 2026 maturity date of the May 2023 swaps, as further summarized in the table below:
Type
Notional Value
Effective Date
Maturity Date
Swaps entered May 2023
$739.2
May 2023
October 2026
Swaps entered June 2025
402.7
June 2025
January 2031
Swap entered December 2025
115.0
December 2025
January 2031
Forward-starting swaps entered Aug 2025
500.0
October 2026
January 2030
Total
$1,756.9
Changes in fair value are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”) in the Consolidated Balance Sheets,
with a corresponding adjustment to the derivative asset or liability. Amounts recorded in AOCL are reclassified to Interest
expense, net in the same period during which the hedged transactions affect earnings. As of December 31, 2025, we estimate
that approximately $2.1 of pre-tax gain related to interest rate swaps recorded in AOCL will be reclassified into earnings
within the next 12 months. For additional information on changes recorded in AOCL, see Note 10 - Shareholders' Equity.
Fair value hedges
In June and December 2025, we entered into three cross-currency swaps with a combined notional value of €448.0, maturing
in January 2031, to mitigate foreign currency exposure related to intercompany loans and economically reduce interest
expense. We have designated these swaps as fair value hedges. We elected to assess the effectiveness of these hedges based
on changes in spot rates. We determine the fair value of our cross-currency swaps by comparing the present value of the
remaining cash flows in the non-valuation currency (converted using the month-end spot rate) to the present value of the
remaining cash flows in the valuation currency.
Changes in fair value are recognized as foreign exchange gains or losses within Other operating expense (income), net, and
are intended to offset the foreign exchange gains or losses arising from the remeasurement of the hedged intercompany loans.
Unrealized gains or losses on components excluded from the hedge effectiveness assessment are recorded in AOCL and are
reclassified into earnings over the life of the swaps. For additional information on changes recorded in AOCL, see Note 10 -
Shareholders' Equity.
Net investment hedge
In July 2023, we entered into a €100.0 cross-currency swap maturing in November 2026 to mitigate foreign currency
exposure related to our net investment in various euro-functional-currency consolidated subsidiaries. We have designated this
swap as a net investment hedge. We elected to assess the effectiveness of this net investment hedge based on changes in spot
rates and we amortize the portion of the hedge excluded from the effectiveness assessment to Interest expense, net over the
life of the swap.
Changes in fair value related to the effective portion of the hedge are recorded in AOCL as part of the foreign currency
translation adjustment, with a corresponding adjustment to the derivative asset or liability. Any accumulated gain or loss will
be reclassified into earnings when the hedged net investment is either sold or substantially liquidated. For additional
information on changes recorded in AOCL, see Note 10 - Shareholders' Equity.
Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges
We periodically enter into foreign currency forward contracts, generally with maturities of 180 days or less, to reduce our
exposure to foreign exchange rate risks. These contracts are not designated as accounting hedges. As of December 31, 2025
and December 31, 2024, the notional amount of our outstanding foreign currency forward contracts was $162.1 and $91.1,
respectively.
We initially recognize these contracts at fair value on the execution date and subsequently remeasure them at the end of each
reporting period. We determine the fair value of these instruments by comparing the notional value of the trade using the
current month-end exchange rate to the notional value of the trade using the trade date exchange rate.
The gain or loss related to the change in fair value for these contracts is recognized within Other operating expense (income),
net. We recognized a (gain) loss from the fair value adjustment of $(2.2), $2.3 and $(0.8) for the years ended December 31,
2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
The following table provides the location and the fair value of our derivative instruments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
Balance Sheet Location
December 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
Cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate swaps
Other current assets
$3.2
$
Interest rate swaps
Other non-current assets
1.8
14.7
Interest rate swaps
Other non-current liabilities
3.6
Fair value hedging relationships:
Cross-currency swaps
Other non-current liabilities
5.8
Net investment hedge:
Cross-currency swap
Other non-current assets
3.7
Cross-currency swap
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
8.0
Not designated as accounting hedges:
Foreign currency forwards
Other current assets
1.2
Foreign currency forwards
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
0.1
1.1
Total derivative assets
$6.2
$18.4
Total derivative liabilities
$17.5
$1.1
v3.25.4
Debt
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Debt Debt
The following table summarizes our total indebtedness:
December 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
Type
Maturity
Effective
Interest
Rate
Carrying
Value
Effective
Interest
Rate
Carrying
Value
Senior Secured Notes
2026
4.500%
$100.0
4.500%
$700.0
Senior Secured Notes
2028
3.875%
921.2
3.875%
921.2
Senior Notes
2029
4.875%
921.4
4.875%
921.4
Revolving Credit Facility
2029
6.466%
7.107%
Term Loan Facility (Tranche 1)
2031
6.466%
1,999.2
7.107%
1,999.2
Term Loan Facility (Tranche 2)
2031
6.966%
500.0
%
Finance lease
2036
6.936%
28.1
6.936%
29.3
Total debt outstanding
$4,469.9
$4,571.1
Debt discounts and issuance costs
(46.9)
(51.1)
Current portion of long-term debt(1)
(101.5)
(1.3)
Long-term debt
$4,321.5
$4,518.7
(1) $100.0 relates to the Senior Secured Notes due November 2026.
Senior Secured Notes (2026)
In May 2025, we used the proceeds from the incremental Tranche 2 term loans under the Credit Facilities (described below)
to redeem $500.0 aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Senior Secured Notes due 2026, plus accrued and unpaid
interest through the May 30, 2025 redemption date. In September 2025, we redeemed an additional $100.0 aggregate
principal amount of the outstanding Senior Secured Notes due 2026, plus accrued and unpaid interest through the September
30, 2025 redemption date, and in January 2026, we redeemed the remaining $100.0 aggregate principal amount, plus accrued
and unpaid interest through the January 30, 2026 redemption date.
Interest on the Senior Secured Notes due 2026 was payable semi-annually to holders of record on May 1 and November 1 of
each year. The Senior Secured Notes due 2026 were secured on a first-lien pari passu basis with borrowings under our credit
facilities and Senior Secured Notes due 2028. These Notes were guaranteed on a joint and several basis by each of our
indirect subsidiaries that was an obligor or guarantor under our credit facilities and were secured on a first-priority basis by
the collateral owned or subsequently acquired by Camelot Finance S.A. (the issuer) and each of the guarantors that secured
the issuer’s and such guarantor’s obligations under our credit facilities (subject to permitted liens and other exceptions).
Senior Notes (2029) and Senior Secured Notes (2028)
Interest on the Senior Notes due 2029 and Senior Secured Notes due 2028 is payable semi-annually to holders of record on
June 30 and December 30 of each year. The Senior Secured Notes due 2028 are secured on a first-lien pari passu basis with
borrowings under our credit facilities. Both series of Notes are guaranteed on a joint and several basis by each of our indirect
subsidiaries that is an obligor or guarantor under our credit facilities.
The Senior Notes due 2029 and Senior Secured Notes due 2028 are subject to redemption as a result of certain changes in
control at 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of purchase. Additionally, at our
election, both series of Notes may be redeemed during the 12 month period commencing on June 30 of each of the years
based on the call premiums listed below, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.
Redemption Price
(as a percentage of principal)
Period
Senior Notes (2029)
Senior Secured Notes (2028)
2025
101.219%
100.969%
2026 and thereafter
100.000%
100.000%
The indentures governing these Notes contain covenants which, among other things, limit the incurrence of additional
indebtedness (including acquired indebtedness), issuance of certain preferred stock, the payment of dividends, making
restricted payments and investments, the purchase or acquisition or retirement for value of any equity interests, the provision
of loans or advances to restricted subsidiaries, the sale or lease or transfer of any properties to any restricted subsidiaries, the
transfer or sale of assets, and the creation of certain liens. As of December 31, 2025, we were in compliance with all of the
indenture covenants.
The Credit Facilities
We have a revolving credit facility and a term loan facility (together, the “Credit Facilities”), as further described below. The
Credit Facilities are secured by substantially all of our assets and the assets of all of our U.S. restricted subsidiaries and
certain of our non-U.S. subsidiaries, including those that are or may be borrowers or guarantors under the Credit Facilities,
subject to customary exceptions. The credit agreement governing the Credit Facilities contains customary events of default
and restrictive covenants that limit us from, among other things, incurring certain additional indebtedness, issuing preferred
stock, making certain restricted payments and investments, certain transfers or sales of assets, entering into certain affiliate
transactions, or incurring certain liens.
The Credit Facilities provide that, upon the occurrence of certain events of default, our obligations thereunder may be
accelerated and the lending commitments terminated. Such events of default include payment defaults to the lenders, material
inaccuracies of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to other material indebtedness (including the
Senior Secured Notes due 2028 and the Senior Notes due 2029), voluntary and involuntary bankruptcy proceedings, material
money judgments, loss of perfection over a material portion of collateral, material ERISA/pension plan events, certain change
of control events, and other customary events of default, in each case subject to threshold, notice, and grace period
provisions.
We may be subject to certain negative covenants, including either a fixed charge coverage ratio, total first lien net leverage
ratio, or total net leverage ratio if certain conditions are met. As of December 31, 2025, we were in compliance with the
covenants for the credit facilities.
Revolving Credit Facility (2029)
Our $775.0 revolving credit facility provides for revolving loans, same-day borrowings, and letters of credit (with a sublimit
of $77.0). Proceeds of loans made under the revolving credit facility may be borrowed, repaid, and reborrowed prior to its
maturity in January 2029 (subject to a “springing” maturity date that is 91 days prior to the maturity date of the Senior
Secured Notes due 2028, but only to the extent that those notes have not been refinanced or extended prior to their original
maturity date).
In August 2025, we increased the availability under our revolving credit facility from $700.0 to $775.0. All other terms
related to the revolving credit facility were substantively unchanged. As of December 31, 2025, letters of credit totaling $6.5
were collateralized by the revolving credit facility.
The revolving credit facility carries a base interest rate at Term SOFR, plus 3.25% per annum (which decreases to 3.00% or
2.75% per annum upon the achievement of certain first lien leverage ratios as defined in the credit agreement governing the
Credit Facilities). The revolving credit facility is subject to a commitment fee rate of 0.5% per annum (or 0.375% per annum,
based on first lien leverage ratios) times the unutilized amount of total revolving commitments.
Term Loan Facility (2031)
Our term loan facility matures in January 2031 and consists of two tranches of term loans. Our Tranche 1 term loans carry a
base interest rate at Term SOFR, plus 2.75% per annum. In May 2025, we entered into an incremental $500.0 tranche of term
loans. These Tranche 2 term loans carry a base interest rate at Term SOFR, plus 3.25% per annum. The issuance proceeds
were used to redeem a portion of the Senior Secured Notes due 2026 described above.
The carrying value of our variable interest rate debt, excluding unamortized debt issuance costs, approximates fair value due
to the short-term nature of the interest rate benchmark rates. The fair value of the fixed rate debt is estimated based on market
observable data for debt with similar prepayment features. The fair value of our debt was $4,369.9 and $4,423.2 at December
31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and is considered Level 2 under the fair value hierarchy.
Amounts due under our outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2025 are as follows:
2026
$101.5
2027
1.7
2028
923.1
2029
923.5
2030
2.3
Thereafter
2,517.8
Total maturities
$4,469.9
Less: capitalized debt issuance costs and original issue discount
(46.9)
Total, including the current portion of long-term debt
$4,423.0
v3.25.4
Shareholders' Equity
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Equity [Abstract]  
Shareholders' Equity Shareholders' Equity
Share Repurchase Program
In February 2022, the Board approved the purchase of up to $1,000.0 of our ordinary shares through open-market purchases,
to be executed through December 31, 2023. In May 2023, the Board approved the extension of the share repurchase
authorization, but reduced the authorization from $1,000.0 to $500.0, to be executed through December 31, 2024. In
December 2024, the Board authorized a new share repurchase program of up to $500.0 of our ordinary shares for a period of
two years, from January 1, 2025 through December 31, 2026.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately 13.8 million ordinary shares for $100.0 at an
average price of $7.22 per share. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased approximately 34.4 million
ordinary shares for $200.0 at an average price of $5.81 per share. During the year ended December 31, 2025, we repurchased
approximately 56.0 million ordinary shares for $224.5 at an average price of $4.01 per share. All repurchased shares were
immediately retired and restored as authorized but unissued ordinary shares.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (“AOCL”)
The table below provides information about the changes in AOCL by component and the related amounts reclassified to net
earnings during the periods indicated (net of tax).
Hedging
relationships(1)
Defined benefit
pension plans
Foreign currency
translation
adjustment(2)
AOCL
Balance as of December 31, 2022
$38.1
$1.5
$(705.5)
$(665.9)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
14.9
(1.1)
194.2
208.0
Reclassifications from AOCL to net earnings
(36.8)
(0.6)
(37.4)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)
(21.9)
(1.1)
193.6
170.6
Balance as of December 31, 2023
$16.2
$0.4
$(511.9)
$(495.3)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
16.1
(0.8)
(40.4)
(25.1)
Reclassifications from AOCL to net earnings
(21.6)
15.7
(5.9)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)
(5.5)
(0.8)
(24.7)
(31.0)
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$10.7
$(0.4)
$(536.6)
$(526.3)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
3.1
(0.7)
83.2
85.6
Reclassifications from AOCL to net earnings
(11.5)
(0.9)
(12.4)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)
(8.4)
(0.7)
82.3
73.2
Balance as of December 31, 2025
$2.3
$(1.1)
$(454.3)
$(453.1)
(1) Includes amounts related to our interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges, and for the year ended December 31, 2025, also includes the
excluded component of our cross-currency swaps designated as fair value hedges. Refer to Note 8 - Derivative Instruments for further information.
(2) Includes the impact of translating foreign subsidiary assets and liabilities from their functional currency to USD, as well as amounts related to our cross-
currency swap designated as a net investment hedge.
Conversion of Preferred Shares into Ordinary Shares
On June 3, 2024, all 14.4 million outstanding shares of our 5.25% Series A Mandatory Convertible Preferred Shares
(“MCPS”) automatically converted into 55.3 million ordinary shares at a conversion rate of 3.8462 ordinary shares per MCPS
share. All accumulated preferred dividends were paid prior to the conversion.
v3.25.4
Share-based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Share-based Compensation Share-based Compensation
We grant share-based awards under the Clarivate Plc 2019 Incentive Award Plan (“the Plan”). A maximum aggregate amount
of 85.0 million ordinary shares are reserved for issuance under the Plan. The Plan provides for the issuance of options, share
appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted share units, and cash awards. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024,
approximately 32.1 million and 20.7 million shares, respectively, of our ordinary shares were available for share-based
awards.
Total share-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, comprised the following:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Cost of revenues
$17.4
$14.6
$39.9
Selling, general and administrative costs
45.6
46.0
69.0
Total share-based compensation expense
$63.0
$60.6
$108.9
Total income tax provision (benefit) recognized for stock-based compensation arrangements were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
$(1.8)
$(2.2)
$(8.7)
RSUs and PSUs
RSUs typically vest from one to three years under a graded vesting method. RSUs do not have nonforfeitable rights to
dividends or dividend equivalents. The fair value of RSUs is based on the fair value of our common shares on the date of
grant.
PSUs typically either cliff vest over three years or vest ratably between three and five years. Payout percentages are based on
accomplishing certain levels of growth and profitability, subsequently adjusted for our total shareholder return (“TSR”)
compared to the TSR of the S&P 500. We use a Monte Carlo simulation to determine the fair value of our PSUs at grant date.
Each quarter, we evaluate the likelihood that the performance criteria will be met. As the number of PSUs expected to vest
increases or decreases, compensation expense is also adjusted up or down to reflect the number of shares expected to vest and
the cumulative vesting period met to date.
A summary of RSU and PSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2025, is presented below:
Year Ended December 31, 2025
RSUs
RSUs Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
PSUs
PSUs Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2024
12.3
$8.27
4.0
$10.48
Granted
18.4
4.14
2.9
4.68
Vested
(7.2)
8.41
(0.6)
10.91
Forfeited
(2.6)
5.63
(1.3)
9.03
Outstanding at December 31, 2025
20.9
$4.91
5.0
$7.39
Total remaining unamortized compensation costs
$41.1
$20.4
Weighted average remaining service period
1.0 years
1.6 years
The 2025, 2024, and 2023 weighted average grant date fair value for RSUs was $4.14, $6.89, and $10.34 and for PSUs was
$4.68, $7.77, and $13.55, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, the fair value of RSUs vested was $30.3, $45.3, and $62.4,
respectively, and the fair value of PSUs vested was insignificant.
Stock Options
No stock option awards have been granted to plan participants since 2019. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, there was no
unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding stock options. As of December 31, 2025, we have 0.6 million options
vested and exercisable at a weighted average exercise price per share of $11.71 with a weighted-average remaining
contractual life of 1.6 years.
v3.25.4
Restructuring and Other Impairments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
Restructuring and Other Impairments Restructuring and Other Impairments
We have engaged in various restructuring programs to strengthen our business and streamline our operations, including
taking actions related to the location and use of leased facilities. Our recent restructuring programs include the following:
Value Creation Plan - During the fourth quarter of 2024, we approved a broad-based plan to optimize our business
model, which includes a cost rationalization component. We have extended this program to include additional
reductions in force and lease rationalization activities in 2026. We expect to incur approximately $25 of additional
costs associated with this plan, primarily in 2026.
Segment Optimization - During the second quarter of 2023, we approved a restructuring plan to reduce operational
costs within targeted areas of the Company, with the primary cost savings driver being from a reduction in
workforce. This program is complete.
ProQuest Acquisition Integration - During the fourth quarter of 2021, we approved a restructuring plan to reduce
operational costs within targeted areas of the Company, with the primary cost savings driver being from a reduction
in workforce. This program is complete.
The following table summarizes the pre-tax charges by activity and program during the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Severance and related benefit costs:
Value Creation Plan
$48.5
$0.5
$
Segment Optimization
0.4
19.9
13.4
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
(0.1)
16.7
Total Severance and related benefit costs
48.9
20.3
30.1
Exit and disposal costs:
Value Creation Plan
1.8
0.1
Segment Optimization Program
0.3
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
0.2
Total Exit and disposal costs
1.8
0.4
0.2
Lease abandonment costs:
Value Creation Plan
Segment Optimization
(1.1)
3.7
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
(0.1)
Total Lease abandonment costs
(1.1)
3.6
Restructuring costs
$50.7
$19.6
$33.9
The following table summarizes the pre-tax charges by program and segment during the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Academia & Government:
Value Creation Plan
$21.2
$0.1
$
Segment Optimization
7.0
4.8
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
(0.1)
9.0
Total A&G
21.2
7.0
13.8
Intellectual Property:
Value Creation Plan
15.4
0.5
Segment Optimization
0.3
5.3
4.6
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
4.6
Total IP
15.7
5.8
9.2
Life Sciences & Healthcare:
Value Creation Plan
13.7
Segment Optimization
0.1
6.8
7.7
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
3.2
Total LS&H
13.8
6.8
10.9
Restructuring costs
$50.7
$19.6
$33.9
The table below summarizes the changes in our restructuring reserves by activity during the periods indicated:
Severance and
related benefit costs
Exit, disposal, and
abandonment costs
Total
Reserve balance as of December 31, 2023
$5.9
$1.4
$7.3
Expenses recorded
20.3
(0.7)
19.6
Payments made
(22.4)
(4.8)
(27.2)
Noncash items
(1.5)
4.1
2.6
Reserve balance as of December 31, 2024
$2.3
$
$2.3
Expenses recorded
48.9
1.8
50.7
Payments made
(41.3)
(1.8)
(43.1)
Noncash items
(3.4)
(3.4)
Reserve balance as of December 31, 2025
$6.5
$
$6.5
Other impairments
In the fourth quarter of 2023, we recorded a charge of approximately $6.1 related to the impairment of two equity
investments, both of which were fully impaired.
v3.25.4
Income Taxes
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The components of the Provision (benefit) for income taxes by jurisdiction were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Current
U.K.
$3.1
$2.3
$(1.2)
U.S. federal
(5.6)
19.0
14.5
U.S. state
(2.0)
3.1
4.4
Other
53.0
36.8
(40.8)
Total current
48.5
61.2
(23.1)
Deferred
U.K.
1.9
0.8
(0.4)
U.S. federal
(1.4)
(20.0)
(30.5)
U.S. state
(5.5)
(3.2)
(4.4)
Other
(36.3)
44.1
(42.9)
Total deferred
(41.3)
21.7
(78.2)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
$7.2
$82.9
$(101.3)
The components of Income (loss) before income taxes were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
U.K. income (loss)
$(123.6)
$(155.4)
$(180.1)
U.S. income (loss)
(80.9)
(437.8)
(477.9)
Other income (loss)
10.6
39.4
(354.5)
Income (loss) before income taxes
$(193.9)
$(553.8)
$(1,012.5)
Effective tax rate reconciliation
While we are a public limited company incorporated under the laws of Jersey, Channel Islands, we are a tax resident of the
United Kingdom.
The following tables present reconciliations between the statutory U.K. income tax rate and our effective tax rate (“ETR”) for
the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023. The 2025 reconciliation is presented in accordance with ASU 2023-09,
Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which we adopted on a prospective basis during the year ended December 31,
2025.
Year Ended December 31, 2025
Amount
Percent
U.K. statutory tax rate
$(48.5)
25.0%
Foreign tax effects:
United States:
Legal entity restructuring
(51.7)
26.7%
Waived deductions under Section 59A
43.8
(22.6)%
Valuation allowance
15.0
(7.7)%
BEAT
(7.1)
3.7%
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit
(7.1)
3.7%
Share-based compensation
6.6
(3.4)%
R&D credits
(5.4)
2.8%
Foreign branch
4.8
(2.5)%
Statutory income tax rate differential
3.2
(1.7)%
Subpart F income
2.7
(1.4)%
Other
0.8
(0.4)%
Germany:
Local trade tax
(10.9)
5.6%
Effect of different tax rates
7.9
(4.1)%
Other
1.7
(0.9)%
Israel:
Effect of different tax rates
(4.9)
2.5%
Other
0.6
(0.3)%
Mexico:
Valuation allowance
3.7
(1.9)%
Other
(0.6)
0.3%
Brazil:
Withholding tax
2.8
(1.4)%
Other
(0.4)
0.2%
Other foreign jurisdictions
5.6
(2.9)%
Changes in valuation allowances
31.1
(16.0)%
Effect of cross-border tax laws
2.5
(1.3)%
Nontaxable or nondeductible items
2.2
(1.1)%
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits
9.6
(5.0)%
Other adjustments
(0.8)
0.4%
Effective tax rate
$7.2
(3.7)%
Year Ended December 31,
2024
2023
Income (loss) before income taxes
$(553.8)
$(1,012.5)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
82.9
(101.3)
Statutory rate
25.0%
23.5%
Effect of different tax rates
(0.6)%
%
BEAT
(1.2)%
(0.7)%
Change in tax law
(9.6)%
%
Valuation allowances
(2.2)%
(4.4)%
Share-based compensation
(2.4)%
(1.3)%
Other permanent differences
(1.2)%
(0.6)%
Withholding tax
(0.7)%
(0.5)%
Uncertain tax positions
(0.9)%
7.0%
Outside basis difference in foreign subsidiary
(1.6)%
2.1%
Impairments
(18.8)%
(15.4)%
Divestitures
(1.1)%
%
Tax credits
1.8%
0.6%
Other
(1.5)%
(0.3)%
Effective tax rate
(15.0)%
10.0%
The income tax provision of $7.2 for the year ended December 31, 2025 was primarily driven by the mix of tax jurisdictions
in which pre-tax profits and losses were recognized. These were partially offset by income tax benefits of $21.7 and $10.9 in
the U.S. and U.K., respectively, that resulted from intra-entity transactions, as well as a $7.1 benefit due to a reduction in the
Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax (“BEAT”).
The income tax provision of $82.9 for the year ended December 31, 2024 was driven by a $53.9 expense related to a new
15% corporate income tax enacted by a tax law change in Jersey, Channel Islands, a $10.2 expense to establish valuation
allowances, and expenses from the mix of tax jurisdictions in which pre-tax profits and losses were recognized. These were
partially offset by benefits of $16.6 and $14.2 associated with the impairment of intangible assets and goodwill, respectively.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities
The tax effects of the significant components of temporary differences giving rise to our deferred income tax assets and
liabilities were as follows:
December 31,
2025
2024
Accounts receivable
$1.3
$1.9
Accrued expenses
18.4
12.2
Deferred revenue
2.1
0.9
Partnerships outside basis difference
143.9
40.9
Other assets
19.0
24.0
Debt issuance costs
7.9
10.4
Lease liabilities
11.3
8.4
Goodwill
422.0
527.4
Operating losses and tax attributes
938.2
835.4
Fixed assets, net
1.3
Total deferred tax assets
1,565.4
1,461.5
Valuation allowances
(1,340.4)
(1,279.7)
Net deferred tax assets
225.0
181.8
Other identifiable intangible assets, net
(385.6)
(365.1)
Other liabilities
(25.1)
(20.9)
Right-of-use assets
(9.2)
(5.4)
Fixed assets, net
(15.2)
Total deferred tax liabilities
(419.9)
(406.6)
Net deferred tax liabilities
$(194.9)
$(224.8)
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented net in the Consolidated Balance Sheets if they are in the same jurisdiction.
The components of the net deferred tax liability, as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, were as follows:
December 31,
2025
2024
Deferred tax asset
$17.2
$48.5
Deferred tax liability
(212.1)
(273.3)
Net deferred tax liability
$(194.9)
$(224.8)
We are required to assess the realization of our deferred tax assets and the need for a valuation allowance. The assessment
requires judgment on the part of management with respect to benefits that could be realized from future taxable income. The
valuation allowance was $1,340.4 and $1,279.7 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, against certain deferred tax
assets, as it more likely than not that such amounts will not be fully realized. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and
2024, the valuation allowance increased by $60.7 and $23.1, respectively.
As of December 31, 2025, we had gross U.S. federal tax loss carryforwards of $2,115.7, U.K. tax loss carryforwards of
$592.0, U.S. state tax loss carryforwards of $1,001.6, and tax loss carryforwards in other foreign jurisdictions of $59.8. The
carryforward period for U.S. federal tax losses is twenty years for losses generated in tax years ended prior to December 31,
2017. The expiration period for these losses begins in 2036. For U.S. losses generated in tax years beginning after January 1,
2018, the carryforward period is indefinite. The carryforward period for the U.K. tax losses is indefinite. The carryforward
period for U.S. state losses varies, and the expiration period is between 2026 and 2044. The carryforward period of other
losses varies by jurisdiction. As of December 31, 2025, we also had R&D and other tax credit carryforwards of $32.3 that
have various carryforward periods, and the expiration period begins in 2027.
We have provided income taxes and withholding taxes in the amount of $13.5 on the undistributed earnings of foreign
subsidiaries as of December 31, 2025. In general, we are not permanently reinvesting our foreign earnings offshore.
Deferred tax valuation allowance
The following table summarizes the changes in our deferred tax valuation allowance:
December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Beginning balance, January 1
$1,279.7
$1,256.6
$1,179.3
Change charged to expense/(income)
26.4
31.1
51.4
Change charged to CTA
34.3
(8.0)
25.9
Ending balance, December 31
$1,340.4
$1,279.7
$1,256.6
Taxes paid by jurisdiction
The following table presents income taxes paid, net of refunds, by jurisdiction in accordance with ASU 2023-09,
Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures for the year ended December 31, 2025:
Year Ended
December 31, 2025
U.K.
$(3.0)
Foreign:
India
6.7
U.S. federal
6.4
Germany federal
4.5
South Korea
3.8
Spain
3.1
Sweden
2.3
Brazil
2.2
Other foreign
16.1
Total
$42.1
Uncertain tax positions
Unrecognized tax benefits represent the difference between the tax benefits that we are able to recognize for financial
reporting purposes and the tax benefits that have been recognized, or are expected to be recognized, in filed tax returns. The
total amount of net unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact our effective tax rate was $38.3 and $30.8 as
of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
We recognize accrued interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as part of the tax provision. As of
December 31, 2025 and 2024, the amount accrued was $5.3 and $3.2, respectively. Interest and penalties recognized for the
years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 were $2.0, $0.7, and $(23.2).
We file income tax returns in the U.K., the U.S., and various other jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2025, our open tax years
subject to examination were 2017 through 2024, which includes the major jurisdictions in the U.K. and the U.S.
The following table summarizes our unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties:
December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Beginning balance, January 1
$30.8
$26.0
$83.8
Increases for tax positions taken in prior years
5.3
3.3
1.1
Increases for tax positions taken in the current year
2.8
2.1
1.6
Decreases for tax positions taken in prior years
(0.4)
(0.5)
(54.1)
Decreases related to settlements with tax authorities
(6.2)
Decreases due to statute expirations
(0.2)
(0.1)
(0.2)
Ending balance, December 31
$38.3
$30.8
$26.0
v3.25.4
Earnings Per Share
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings Per Share Earnings Per Share
The basic and diluted EPS computations for our ordinary shares are calculated as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Basic EPS
Net income (loss)
$(201.1)
$(636.7)
$(911.2)
Dividends on preferred shares
31.3
75.4
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shares
$(201.1)
$(668.0)
$(986.6)
Weighted average shares, basic
673.3
693.6
671.6
Basic EPS
$(0.30)
$(0.96)
$(1.47)
Diluted EPS
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shares
$(201.1)
$(668.0)
$(986.6)
Change in fair value of private placement warrants
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shares, diluted
$(201.1)
$(668.0)
$(986.6)
Weighted average shares, basic
673.3
693.6
671.6
Weighted average effect of potentially dilutive shares
Weighted average shares, diluted
673.3
693.6
671.6
Diluted EPS
$(0.30)
$(0.96)
$(1.47)
Potential ordinary shares on a gross basis of 20.5 million related to share-based awards were excluded from diluted EPS for
the year ended December 31, 2025, as their inclusion would have been antidilutive. Potential ordinary shares on a gross basis
of 20.2 million and 32.7 million related to share-based awards and private placement warrants were excluded from diluted
EPS for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, as their inclusion would have been antidilutive.
As a result of the MCPS conversion described in Note 10 - Shareholders' Equity, during the year ended December 31, 2024,
the converted MCPS shares were included in basic EPS for the period subsequent to the conversion. Prior to the conversion,
the MCPS shares were evaluated for inclusion in diluted EPS using the if-converted method and, in each period presented,
were excluded from diluted EPS as their inclusion would have been antidilutive.
v3.25.4
Segment Information
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information Segment Information
As discussed in Note 1 - Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, we have organized our
business into the following three reportable segments, based on the different products and services we offer and the markets
we serve:
Academia & Government. Working with the scientific and academic community, we empower institutions and
libraries to drive research excellence and student outcomes by connecting trusted content, deep expertise, and
responsible innovation. Our A&G segment is home to research, education, and library solutions, including Web of
Science, ProQuest, Ex Libris, and Innovative.
Intellectual Property. Our comprehensive intellectual property data, software, and expertise helps companies drive
innovation, law firms achieve practice excellence, and organizations worldwide effectively manage and protect
critical intellectual property assets. Our IP segment is home to Derwent Innovation, CompuMark, Innography,
IPfolio, FoundationIP, and other IP solutions.
Life Sciences & Healthcare. Our connected data, deep expertise, and intelligence platforms empower life sciences
and healthcare organizations with the contextual intelligence needed to deliver safe, effective, and commercially
successful treatments and solutions to patients faster. Our LS&H segment is home to comprehensive solutions used
by pharma, biotech, and medtech companies, including Cortellis, Medtech, Market Access and Commercialization,
and deep consulting expertise.
Our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is our chief executive officer (“CEO”), who evaluates performance for our
reportable segments based primarily on revenues and Adjusted EBITDA. Our CEO uses these measures predominantly
during the annual budgeting process and the quarterly forecast update and reporting process to identify and evaluate
investment decisions that provide the best opportunities to accelerate revenue growth and provide incremental margin
improvement. Our CEO does not review assets by segment for the purpose of assessing performance or allocating resources
due to the significant amount of intangible assets acquired through business combinations, as well as the centralized nature of
our working capital management functions.
Significant segment expenses include people-related costs, royalties and other product costs, technology costs (comprised
primarily of software licenses and hosting costs), and outside service costs (comprised primarily of professional services and
contracted labor). Other costs primarily include facilities costs and product marketing costs.
Adjusted EBITDA represents Net income (loss) before the Provision (benefit) for income taxes, Depreciation and
amortization, and Interest expense, net, adjusted to exclude share-based compensation, impairments, restructuring expenses,
the impact of certain non-cash fair value adjustments on financial instruments, acquisition and/or disposal-related transaction
costs, unrealized foreign currency gains/losses, legal settlements, and other items that are included in Net income (loss) for
the period that we do not consider indicative of our ongoing operating performance.
The following table summarizes reportable segment revenues, expenses, and profit and provides a reconciliation of total
reportable segment Adjusted EBITDA to Net income (loss) for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Academia & Government
Revenues
$1,266.0
$1,326.4
$1,323.3
People-related costs
(342.7)
(349.7)
(352.8)
Royalties and other product costs
(215.4)
(248.5)
(247.7)
Technology costs
(78.8)
(80.5)
(75.6)
Outside service costs
(33.8)
(39.9)
(43.0)
Other costs
(47.3)
(44.0)
(45.7)
A&G Adjusted EBITDA
$548.0
$563.8
$558.5
Intellectual Property
Revenues
$799.4
$811.4
$862.7
People-related costs
(294.4)
(283.3)
(277.7)
Royalties and other product costs
(75.5)
(76.1)
(91.3)
Technology costs
(50.9)
(46.3)
(44.6)
Outside service costs
(20.9)
(21.1)
(22.7)
Other costs
(23.6)
(26.1)
(26.0)
IP Adjusted EBITDA
$334.1
$358.5
$400.4
Life Sciences & Healthcare
Revenues
$389.8
$418.9
$442.8
People-related costs
(183.2)
(190.8)
(188.0)
Royalties and other product costs
(37.3)
(37.6)
(43.5)
Technology costs
(28.6)
(27.1)
(24.5)
Outside service costs
(10.6)
(13.0)
(14.4)
Other costs
(10.4)
(12.3)
(14.1)
LS&H Adjusted EBITDA
$119.7
$138.1
$158.3
Total Reportable Segments
Revenues
$2,455.2
$2,556.7
$2,628.8
People-related costs
(820.3)
(823.8)
(818.5)
Royalties and other product costs
(328.2)
(362.2)
(382.5)
Technology costs
(158.3)
(153.9)
(144.7)
Outside service costs
(65.3)
(74.0)
(80.1)
Other costs
(81.3)
(82.4)
(85.8)
Total Reportable Segments Adjusted EBITDA
$1,001.8
$1,060.4
$1,117.2
Benefit (provision) for income taxes
(7.2)
(82.9)
101.3
Depreciation and amortization
(757.2)
(727.0)
(708.3)
Interest expense, net
(265.4)
(283.4)
(293.7)
Share-based compensation expense
(63.0)
(60.6)
(108.9)
Goodwill and intangible asset impairments
(15.0)
(540.7)
(979.9)
Restructuring and lease impairments
(50.7)
(19.6)
(40.0)
Fair value adjustment of warrants
5.2
15.9
Transaction related costs
(22.5)
(17.9)
(8.2)
Other(1)
(21.9)
29.8
(6.6)
Net income (loss)
$(201.1)
$(636.7)
$(911.2)
(1) Includes the net impact of unrealized foreign currency gains and losses and other items that do not reflect our ongoing operating performance. This
amount includes a net gain on sale of $54.7 from divestitures in 2024 and a gain of $49.4 related to a legal settlement in 2023. See Note 2 - Acquisitions
and Divestitures and Note 16 - Commitments and Contingencies for further details.
Long-Lived Assets by Geography
The following table summarizes our long-lived assets by geography, based on physical location. Long-lived assets consist of
Property and equipment, net and Operating lease right-of-use assets and exclude Goodwill, Other intangible assets, net,
Deferred income taxes, and Other assets.
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
U.S.
$28.7
$35.0
India
17.0
18.9
U.K.
15.6
18.1
All other
38.0
35.1
Total long-lived assets
$99.3
$107.1
Commitments and Contingencies Commitments and Contingencies
Lawsuits and Legal Claims
We are engaged in various legal proceedings, claims, audits, and investigations that have arisen in the ordinary course of
business. These matters may include among others, antitrust/competition claims, intellectual property infringement claims,
employment matters, and commercial matters. The outcome of the matters against us are subject to future resolution,
including the uncertainties of litigation.
From time to time, we are involved in litigation in the ordinary course of our business, including claims or contingencies that
may arise related to matters occurring prior to our acquisition of businesses. At the present time, primarily because the
matters are generally in early stages, we can give no assurance as to the outcome of any pending litigation to which we are
currently a party, and we are unable to determine the ultimate resolution of these matters or the effect they may have on us.
We have and will continue to vigorously defend ourselves against these claims. We maintain appropriate levels of insurance,
which we expect are likely to provide coverage for some of these liabilities or other losses that may arise from these litigation
matters.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, we reached settlement related to a large legal claim, which was covered by
insurance. We recognized a total gain on settlement of $49.4 which is included in Other operating expense (income), net in
the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Between January and March 2022, three putative securities class action complaints were filed in the United States District
Court for the Eastern District of New York against Clarivate and certain of its executives and directors alleging that there
were weaknesses in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting and financial reporting procedures that it failed
to disclose in violation of federal securities law. The complaints were consolidated into a single proceeding on May 18, 2022.
On August 8, 2022, plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint, seeking damages on behalf of a putative class of
shareholders who acquired Clarivate securities between July 30, 2020, and February 2, 2022, and/or acquired Clarivate
ordinary or preferred shares in connection with offerings on June 10, 2021, or Clarivate ordinary shares in connection with a
September 13, 2021, offering. The amended complaint, like the prior complaints, references an error in the accounting
treatment of an equity plan included in the Company’s 2020 business combination with CPA Global that was disclosed on
December 27, 2021, and related restatements issued on February 3, 2022, of certain of the Company’s previously issued
financial statements. The amended complaint also alleges that the Company and certain of its executives and directors made
false or misleading statements relating to the Company’s product quality and expected organic revenues and organic growth
rate, and that they failed to disclose significant known changes to the Company’s business model. Defendants moved to
dismiss the amended complaint on October 7, 2022. Without deciding the motion, the court entered an order on June 23,
2023, allowing plaintiffs limited leave to amend, and plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on July 14, 2023. On August 10,
2023, the court issued an order deeming defendants’ prior motions and briefs to be directed at the amended complaint and
permitting defendants to file supplemental briefs to address the new allegations in the amended complaint. Supplemental
briefing on the motions was completed on September 8, 2023. Defendants’ motions to dismiss the amended complaint are
currently pending.
In a separate but related litigation, on June 7, 2022, a class action was filed in Pennsylvania state court in the Court of
Common Pleas of Philadelphia asserting claims under the Securities Act of 1933, based on substantially similar allegations,
with respect to alleged misstatements and omissions in the offering documents for two issuances of Clarivate ordinary shares
in June and September 2021. The Company moved to stay this proceeding on August 19, 2022, and filed its preliminary
objections to the state court complaint on October 21, 2022. After granting a partial stay on January 4, 2023, the court denied
a further stay of the proceedings on April 17, 2023. On April 24, 2024, the court sustained the Company’s preliminary
objections, but permitted plaintiff leave to file an amended complaint, which plaintiff filed on May 28, 2024. On August 29,
2024, plaintiff filed a second amended complaint, to which the Company filed preliminary objections on September 30, 2024.
On April 25, 2025, the court issued an order permitting the parties to take discovery on issues raised in the Company’s
preliminary objections related to standing, and to file supplemental briefs upon completion of such discovery. The parties
filed their supplemental briefs on December 9, 2025. On February 18, 2026, following oral argument, the court entered an
order sustaining in part the preliminary objections for plaintiff’s failure to plead standing, dismissing the second amended
complaint without prejudice, with leave for plaintiff to file a third amended complaint, and overruling the remainder of the
preliminary objections without prejudice to being reasserted, if appropriate, in response to any third amended complaint.
Clarivate does not believe that the claims alleged against it have merit and will vigorously defend against them. Given the
early stage of the proceedings, we are unable to estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of loss, if any, arising from
these matters.
v3.25.4
Commitments and Contingencies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies Commitments and Contingencies
Lawsuits and Legal Claims
We are engaged in various legal proceedings, claims, audits, and investigations that have arisen in the ordinary course of
business. These matters may include among others, antitrust/competition claims, intellectual property infringement claims,
employment matters, and commercial matters. The outcome of the matters against us are subject to future resolution,
including the uncertainties of litigation.
From time to time, we are involved in litigation in the ordinary course of our business, including claims or contingencies that
may arise related to matters occurring prior to our acquisition of businesses. At the present time, primarily because the
matters are generally in early stages, we can give no assurance as to the outcome of any pending litigation to which we are
currently a party, and we are unable to determine the ultimate resolution of these matters or the effect they may have on us.
We have and will continue to vigorously defend ourselves against these claims. We maintain appropriate levels of insurance,
which we expect are likely to provide coverage for some of these liabilities or other losses that may arise from these litigation
matters.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, we reached settlement related to a large legal claim, which was covered by
insurance. We recognized a total gain on settlement of $49.4 which is included in Other operating expense (income), net in
the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Between January and March 2022, three putative securities class action complaints were filed in the United States District
Court for the Eastern District of New York against Clarivate and certain of its executives and directors alleging that there
were weaknesses in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting and financial reporting procedures that it failed
to disclose in violation of federal securities law. The complaints were consolidated into a single proceeding on May 18, 2022.
On August 8, 2022, plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint, seeking damages on behalf of a putative class of
shareholders who acquired Clarivate securities between July 30, 2020, and February 2, 2022, and/or acquired Clarivate
ordinary or preferred shares in connection with offerings on June 10, 2021, or Clarivate ordinary shares in connection with a
September 13, 2021, offering. The amended complaint, like the prior complaints, references an error in the accounting
treatment of an equity plan included in the Company’s 2020 business combination with CPA Global that was disclosed on
December 27, 2021, and related restatements issued on February 3, 2022, of certain of the Company’s previously issued
financial statements. The amended complaint also alleges that the Company and certain of its executives and directors made
false or misleading statements relating to the Company’s product quality and expected organic revenues and organic growth
rate, and that they failed to disclose significant known changes to the Company’s business model. Defendants moved to
dismiss the amended complaint on October 7, 2022. Without deciding the motion, the court entered an order on June 23,
2023, allowing plaintiffs limited leave to amend, and plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on July 14, 2023. On August 10,
2023, the court issued an order deeming defendants’ prior motions and briefs to be directed at the amended complaint and
permitting defendants to file supplemental briefs to address the new allegations in the amended complaint. Supplemental
briefing on the motions was completed on September 8, 2023. Defendants’ motions to dismiss the amended complaint are
currently pending.
In a separate but related litigation, on June 7, 2022, a class action was filed in Pennsylvania state court in the Court of
Common Pleas of Philadelphia asserting claims under the Securities Act of 1933, based on substantially similar allegations,
with respect to alleged misstatements and omissions in the offering documents for two issuances of Clarivate ordinary shares
in June and September 2021. The Company moved to stay this proceeding on August 19, 2022, and filed its preliminary
objections to the state court complaint on October 21, 2022. After granting a partial stay on January 4, 2023, the court denied
a further stay of the proceedings on April 17, 2023. On April 24, 2024, the court sustained the Company’s preliminary
objections, but permitted plaintiff leave to file an amended complaint, which plaintiff filed on May 28, 2024. On August 29,
2024, plaintiff filed a second amended complaint, to which the Company filed preliminary objections on September 30, 2024.
On April 25, 2025, the court issued an order permitting the parties to take discovery on issues raised in the Company’s
preliminary objections related to standing, and to file supplemental briefs upon completion of such discovery. The parties
filed their supplemental briefs on December 9, 2025. On February 18, 2026, following oral argument, the court entered an
order sustaining in part the preliminary objections for plaintiff’s failure to plead standing, dismissing the second amended
complaint without prejudice, with leave for plaintiff to file a third amended complaint, and overruling the remainder of the
preliminary objections without prejudice to being reasserted, if appropriate, in response to any third amended complaint.
Clarivate does not believe that the claims alleged against it have merit and will vigorously defend against them. Given the
early stage of the proceedings, we are unable to estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of loss, if any, arising from
these matters.
v3.25.4
Insider Trading Arrangements
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2025
Trading Arrangements, by Individual    
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement   During the quarter ended December 31, 2025, no director or officer (as defined in Rule 16a-1 under the Exchange Act) of the
Company adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan or adopted or terminated a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement
(as such terms are defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K).
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false  
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false  
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false  
v3.25.4
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]  
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block] At Clarivate, cybersecurity risk management is an integral part of our Enterprise Risk Management program. Because we are
a global information services provider, our business is highly dependent on the protection of our proprietary software and
content, as well as the timeliness, accuracy, and availability of our digitally-based offerings. Consequently, we are highly
sensitive to risks from cybersecurity threats to our information systems, particularly those threats that would affect our ability
to continue to provide real-time access to our database content and analysis. To mitigate these threats, we utilize the
following processes and governance structure.
Our Information Security Risk Management program is designed to align with ISO 27001 and related information security
frameworks to ensure consistent, measurable controls across Clarivate’s enterprise. It provides a framework to identify,
assess, and control cybersecurity threats and incidents. We conduct an annual information security risk assessment and
targeted cybersecurity reviews throughout the year to evaluate emerging threats and control effectiveness. The results of these
assessments and reviews are reported to executive management and the Board of Directors (the “Board”).
Our cybersecurity efforts also include mandatory information security awareness training for all employees, clearly defined
expectations for acceptable use policies, and certification of adherence to our Code of Conduct. The IT Governance, Risk,
and Compliance team conducts periodic audits to evaluate policy and regulatory compliance, recording findings for
subsequent review and remediation initiatives. We also leverage internal and external security subject matter experts and
consultants to conduct comprehensive risk assessments, including architecture reviews, vulnerability scans, penetration tests,
application security evaluations, and technical compliance reviews.
We maintain a security threat intelligence system that collects and analyzes data from internal vulnerability management
tools, vendors, and third-party security organizations. Our patch management standard is designed to ensure that appropriate
patching practices are consistently applied to our technology infrastructure, and a security operations center enhances our
real-time awareness, event correlation, and incident response capabilities.
As part of our risk management program, we also assess cybersecurity risks associated with third-party service providers. We
have processes in place designed to oversee and identify material risks from cybersecurity threats associated with our
engagement of such providers, including the use of cybersecurity risk criteria when determining the selection and oversight of
those service providers.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block] At Clarivate, cybersecurity risk management is an integral part of our Enterprise Risk Management program. Because we are
a global information services provider, our business is highly dependent on the protection of our proprietary software and
content, as well as the timeliness, accuracy, and availability of our digitally-based offerings. Consequently, we are highly
sensitive to risks from cybersecurity threats to our information systems, particularly those threats that would affect our ability
to continue to provide real-time access to our database content and analysis. To mitigate these threats, we utilize the
following processes and governance structure.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Text Block] Our cybersecurity efforts also include mandatory information security awareness training for all employees, clearly defined expectations for acceptable use policies, and certification of adherence to our Code of Conduct.
Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block] The Board, acting directly and through its committees, is responsible for the oversight of our risk management programs. The
Board’s Audit Committee has the delegated responsibility for the oversight of key enterprise risks, including risks from
cybersecurity threats. The Audit Committee also provides oversight of our policies and processes for monitoring and
mitigating such risks. Among other duties, the Audit Committee receives and reviews periodic reports from management
pertaining to cybersecurity programs and data privacy controls, as well as other information security reports that the
committee deems appropriate. The Audit Committee meets at least quarterly, and the chair of the committee gives regular
reports to the full Board on its activities.
Management is responsible for day-to-day risk management activities, including those relating to information systems and
cybersecurity. We employ an internal chief information security officer (“CISO”) who has more than 25 years of technology
industry leadership, cybersecurity expertise, and engineering and operations experience. Our CISO and his team of certified
security subject matter experts (collectively, “Information Security”) have deep experience and expertise in cybersecurity and
lead our organizational efforts to assess and manage material risks associated with our information systems and cybersecurity
threats. Our dedicated Information Security Steering Committee regularly reviews our most significant information security
risks, strategic projects, and key performance indicators. On a quarterly basis, Information Security also meets with business
segment leadership to discuss the most significant risks, including identifying potentially material risks and developing,
implementing, and applying reasonable risk mitigation processes.
Our risk management programs are developed, implemented, managed, and reviewed under the direction of Information
Security and business segment leaders, with subsequent actions determined based on the results of these preventive and
detective controls. Our incident response plan defines our procedures when potential security incidents are identified,
including the associated escalation path. Depending on the assessed severity of the incident, the Audit Committee or the full
Board
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] Board
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] The Audit Committee meets at least quarterly, and the chair of the committee gives regular
reports to the full Board on its activities.
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block] The Audit Committee also provides oversight of our policies and processes for monitoring and mitigating such risks.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block] Board
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block] Our risk management programs are developed, implemented, managed, and reviewed under the direction of Information
Security and business segment leaders, with subsequent actions determined based on the results of these preventive and
detective controls.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block]
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag] true
v3.25.4
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles (“GAAP”) and include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant
intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Certain reclassifications of prior period amounts have been made to conform to the current period presentation.
Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents is comprised of cash on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity at the date of
purchase of three months or less, and includes restricted cash of $12.6 and $10.5 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024,
respectively.
Use of Estimates Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could
differ from those estimates. The most significant of these estimates relate to our asset impairment analyses and income taxes.
We evaluate these estimates, assumptions, and judgments on an ongoing basis by reference to our historical experience and
other factors, including expectations of future events that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires footnote
disclosure that disaggregates relevant expense captions, including the total amount of selling expenses. The amendments in
this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after
December 15, 2027 on a prospective basis, with the option for retrospective application. Early adoption is permitted. We are
currently assessing the impact of this update on our financial statement disclosures.
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets,
which provides a practical expedient to measure credit losses on current accounts receivable and current contract assets. The
practical expedient allows entities to assume that current conditions as of the balance sheet date do not change for the
remaining life of the asset when measuring credit losses. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years,
including interim reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted. We are currently
assessing the impact of this update on our financial statements and related disclosures.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software,
which removes all references to project stages and clarifies the threshold that entities apply to begin capitalizing costs. The
update further specifies required disclosures for all capitalized internal-use software costs. The amendments in this update are
effective for fiscal years, including interim reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption
permitted as of the beginning of an annual reporting period. Entities are permitted to apply the new guidance using a
prospective, modified, or retrospective transition approach. We are currently assessing the impact of this update on our
financial statements and related disclosures.
Property and Equipment Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is recorded at cost, and depreciation is recorded using the straight‑line method over the estimated
useful lives of the assets, as follows:
Computer hardware
3 years
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment
5 - 7 years
Leasehold improvements
Lesser of lease term or estimated useful life
Concentration of Credit Risk Concentration of Credit Risk
Accounts receivable are the primary financial instrument that potentially subjects us to significant concentrations of credit
risk. Accounts receivable represent arrangements in which services were transferred to a customer before the customer pays
consideration or before payment is due. We do not require collateral or other securities to support customer receivables. We
perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and limit the amount of credit extended when deemed appropriate.
We maintain our cash and cash equivalent balances with high-quality financial institutions and consequently, we believe that
such funds are subject to minimal credit risk.
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. We
utilize the following fair value hierarchy in determining fair values:
Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and
liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active;
or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity. This includes certain pricing models,
discounted cash flow methodologies, and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.
The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other accruals readily
convertible into cash approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of the instruments. As further discussed in Note
2 - Acquisitions and Divestitures, we have classified the contingent consideration associated with the Valipat divestiture
within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. As further discussed in Note 9 - Debt, we have classified our debt instruments
within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. We have also classified our derivative instruments described in Note 8 - Derivative
Instruments within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Allowance for Credit Losses Allowance for Credit Losses
We estimate credit losses for trade receivables by using a current expected credit loss model. The credit loss allowance is
determined through an analysis of historical collection experience, the aging of accounts receivable, and an evaluation of the
impact of current and projected economic conditions. Trade and other receivables are written off when there is no reasonable
expectation of recovery, such as a past due status greater than 360 days or bankruptcy of the debtor.
Internally Developed Software and Content Internally Developed Software and Content
Internally Developed Software — Development costs related to internally generated software are capitalized once a project
has progressed to the application development stage. Costs of significant improvements or enhancements on existing software
for internal use, both internally developed and purchased, are also capitalized. Costs related to the preliminary project stage,
data conversion, and the post-implementation/operation stage of an internal-use software development project are expensed
as incurred. Capitalized costs are amortized over five years, which is the estimated useful life of the related software.
Purchased software is amortized over three years, which is the estimated useful life of the related software.
Content — Costs related to the acquisition of source materials, content selection, document processing, editing, abstracting,
and indexing are capitalized. We also capitalize internal and external costs associated with the development of product-
related software that adds functionality and improves the customer’s ability to search our content. These capitalized costs are
amortized over a two to five year useful life.
We do not capitalize any costs associated with research and development or marketing.
Leases Leases
We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in Operating lease right-of-use
(“ROU”) assets, Current portion of operating lease liability, and Operating lease liabilities on our Consolidated Balance
Sheets. Our finance lease asset is included within Property and equipment, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note
5 - Property and Equipment, Net) and the related finance lease liability is included as an item of indebtedness (see Note 9 -
Debt) on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum
lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. The initial valuation of finance lease assets and liabilities is
calculated in the same way. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate
based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. The operating
lease ROU asset also includes initial direct costs incurred and any lease payments made before lease commencement, minus
any lease incentives received. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably
certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis
over the lease term.
We account for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.
Business Combinations We account for our business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting. We allocate the purchase price of an
acquisition to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. As part of this allocation
process, we identify and attribute values and estimated lives to the intangible assets acquired. The excess of the purchase
price over the fair values of identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill.
Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but instead are tested for impairment annually as of the first
day of the fourth quarter, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.
Goodwill impairment testing is performed at the reporting unit level. For goodwill impairment testing purposes, we have
determined that our business segments are our reporting units. As part of our annual goodwill impairment testing, we have
the option to first perform qualitative testing to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting
unit is less than its carrying value. If we bypass the qualitative assessment, or if the qualitative assessment indicates that
quantitative analysis should be performed, we evaluate goodwill for impairment by comparing the estimated fair value of a
reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. We estimate the fair value of a reporting unit using a discounted
cash flow (“DCF”) analysis based on the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at an appropriate risk-
adjusted rate. We use our internal forecasts to estimate future cash flows and include an estimate of long-term future growth
rates.
Our indefinite-lived intangible assets are related to trade names. Similar to goodwill, as part of our annual indefinite-lived
intangible asset impairment testing, we have the option to first perform qualitative testing by evaluating whether any events
and circumstances occurred that provide evidence that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived assets are impaired. If
we do not believe that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived assets are impaired, no quantitative impairment test is
required. If we choose not to complete a qualitative assessment, or if the qualitative assessment indicates that a quantitative
analysis should be performed, we estimate the fair value of the indefinite-lived asset by using the relief-from-royalty method
based on the present value of estimated future cash flows that the indefinite-lived asset is expected to generate in the future.
Any impairment charge is recognized in full in the reporting period in which it has been identified. For discussion of the
analysis and results of our impairment tests, see Note 6 - Other Intangible Assets, Net and Goodwill and Note 12 -
Restructuring and Other Impairments.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets Asset Impairment Evaluation
We evaluate property and equipment, definite-lived intangible assets, and operating lease ROU assets for impairment
whenever circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. We determine the recoverability of an asset, or a
group of assets, by comparing the carrying value to the future undiscounted cash flows that the asset is expected to generate
over its remaining life. Any impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the
asset.
Income Taxes Income Taxes
We recognize income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities arise from
temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements,
which will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded at the
enacted tax rate expected to apply to the temporary difference when settled or realized. We record U.S. tax expense resulting
from Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (“GILTI”) as a current period expense.
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider all available positive and negative evidence factors. Evidence
considered includes historical and projected future taxable income by tax jurisdiction, character and timing of income or loss,
and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. We record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the net
realizable value that is more likely than not to be realized.
We record tax benefits when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including
resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. The amount of tax
benefit recorded is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement. We then
record a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax
return. Uncertain tax positions are reassessed quarterly and liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits are adjusted when our
judgment changes as a result of the evaluation of new information, such as developments in case law, new regulations or tax
law, or changes in the status of ongoing audits. These adjustments will be reflected as increases or decreases to income tax
expense in the period in which new information is available. Accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax
benefits are included within the Provision (benefit) for income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Revenue Recognition Revenue Recognition
We derive revenue through subscriptions to our product offerings, re-occurring contracts in our IP segment, and transactional
sales that are typically quoted on a product, data set, or project basis.
Subscription-based revenues are recurring revenues that we typically earn under annual contracts, pursuant to which
we license the right to use our products to our customers or provide maintenance services over a contractual term.
We invoice and collect the subscription fee at the beginning of the subscription period. For multi-year agreements,
we generally invoice customers annually at the beginning of each annual coverage period. Cash received or
receivable in advance of completing the performance obligations is included in deferred revenue. We recognize
subscription revenue ratably over the contract term as the access or service is provided.
Re-occurring revenues are derived solely from the patent and trademark renewal services provided by our IP
segment. Our services help customers maintain and protect their patents and trademarks in multiple jurisdictions
around the world. Because of the re-occurring nature of the patent and trademark lifecycle, our customers engage us
on a regular basis to ensure their intellectual property rights remain protected. These contracts typically include
evergreen clauses or are multi-year agreements. We invoice and recognize revenue upon delivery of the service.
Transactional revenues are earned for specific deliverables that are typically quoted on a product, data set, or project
basis. Transactional revenues include content sales (including single-document and aggregated collection sales),
consulting engagements, and other professional services such as software implementation services. We typically
invoice and record revenue for this revenue stream upon delivery of the product, data set, project, or related
performance obligations.
For transactions that involve a third party, we evaluate whether we are acting as the principal or the agent in the transaction
by considering factors such as control of the specified goods or services before they are transferred to the customer,
fulfillment responsibility, collection risk, and discretion in establishing price. If we determine that we control the good or
service before it is transferred to the customer, we recognize revenue on a gross basis. Conversely, if we determine that we do
not control the good or service before it is transferred to the customer, we recognize revenue on a net basis.
Significant Judgments When multiple performance obligations exist in a single contract, the transaction price is allocated to each performance
obligation in proportion to the standalone selling price of each performance obligation. The standalone selling price is
typically determined by reference to our standard price lists and is a reflection of our normal pricing practices when sold
separately with consideration of market conditions and other factors, including customer demographics and geographic
location. Discounts applied to the contract are allocated based on the same proportion of standalone selling prices.
Cost to Obtain a Contract We pay commissions to sales colleagues for obtaining new customers and renewing contracts with existing customers. We
treat these commission costs as costs to obtain a contract and are therefore considered contract assets. We capitalize certain of
these commission costs within Prepaid expenses and Other non-current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The costs
are amortized to Selling, general and administrative costs within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The
amortization period is between one and seven years based on the estimated length of the customer relationship.
Share-Based Compensation Share-based Compensation
We recognize compensation expense for share-based awards based on grant date fair value. The fair value of restricted share
units (“RSUs”) is based on the fair value of our common shares on the date of grant, and we use a Monte Carlo simulation to
determine the fair value of our performance share units (“PSUs”) at grant date. We use the graded vesting method to amortize
the value of share-based awards to expense. We recognize forfeitures as they occur.
Defined Contribution Plans Defined Contribution Plans
Employees participate in various defined contribution savings plans that provide for Company-matching contributions. Costs
for future employee benefits are accrued over the periods in which employees earn the benefits. Total expense related to
defined contribution plans was $39.7, $37.3, and $34.9 for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively,
which approximates the cash outlays related to the plans.
Restructuring Restructuring
Restructuring expense includes costs associated with involuntary termination benefits provided to employees, certain contract
termination costs, and other costs associated with an exit or disposal activity. Involuntary termination benefits are recognized
within restructuring charges at the time that the program was approved and all necessary communications were made. The
liabilities are recorded within Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The
corresponding expenses are recorded within Restructuring and other impairments in the Consolidated Statements of
Operations. For further details, see Note 12 - Restructuring and Other Impairments.
Legal Costs Legal Costs
Legal costs expected to be incurred in connection with a loss contingency are expensed and accrued at the outset of the legal
matter giving rise to the estimated legal costs. We reassess the sufficiency of the accrual each reporting period.
Foreign Currency Translation Foreign Currency Translation
The operations of each of our entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the
subsidiary operates (“functional currency”). Assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is the
local currency are translated into U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates. Revenues and expenses are translated at the
average exchange rate in effect during each fiscal month during the year. The effects of foreign currency translation
adjustments are included as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the accompanying Consolidated
Balance Sheets.
Earnings Per Share Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shares by the weighted
average number of ordinary shares outstanding for the applicable period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income
(loss) attributable to ordinary shares, adjusted for the change in fair value of the private placement warrants, by the weighted
average number of ordinary shares and dilutive potential ordinary shares outstanding for the applicable period. Diluted EPS
reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities were exercised or converted into ordinary shares, as calculated
using the treasury stock method.
Identifiable Intangible Assets, net Definite-lived intangible assets are generally amortized on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:
Customer relationships
2 - 23 years
Technology and content
2 - 20 years
Computer software
5 years
Trade names and other
2 - 18 years
v3.25.4
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment is recorded at cost, and depreciation is recorded using the straight‑line method over the estimated
useful lives of the assets, as follows:
Computer hardware
3 years
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment
5 - 7 years
Leasehold improvements
Lesser of lease term or estimated useful life
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:
December 31,
2025
2024
Computer hardware
$77.1
$64.3
Leasehold improvements
21.3
21.6
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment
44.4
46.6
Finance lease
8.0
8.0
Other
2.3
2.2
Property and equipment, gross
$153.1
$142.7
Accumulated depreciation
(100.4)
(89.2)
Property and equipment, net
$52.7
$53.5
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets Definite-lived intangible assets are generally amortized on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:
Customer relationships
2 - 23 years
Technology and content
2 - 20 years
Computer software
5 years
Trade names and other
2 - 18 years
Schedule of Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following:
December 31,
2025
2024
Liabilities due to customers
$62.8
$84.8
Accrued royalties
72.4
79.3
Miscellaneous accruals
137.8
144.7
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
$273.0
$308.8
Schedule of Other Operating (Income) Expense, Net consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Gain on sale from divestitures
Note 2
$
$(54.7)
$
Gain on legal settlement
Note 16
(49.4)
Net foreign exchange loss
34.9
4.2
38.9
Miscellaneous, net
(16.3)
(1.3)
(0.3)
Total
$18.6
$(51.8)
$(10.8)
v3.25.4
Revenue (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Schedule of disaggregated revenues The following table presents revenues by transaction type, based on revenue recognition pattern:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Subscription
$1,605.5
$1,626.8
$1,618.1
Re-occurring
434.2
429.8
444.6
Recurring revenues
2,039.7
2,056.6
2,062.7
Transactional
415.5
500.1
566.1
Revenues
$2,455.2
$2,556.7
$2,628.8
The following table presents revenues by geography, based on customer location:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Americas
$1,303.0
$1,381.4
$1,405.5
EMEA
654.8
667.8
707.5
APAC
497.4
507.5
515.8
Revenues
$2,455.2
$2,556.7
$2,628.8
Schedule of contract balances
December 31,
2025
2024
Accounts receivable, net
$821.7
$798.3
Current portion of deferred revenues
$878.6
$859.1
Non-current portion of deferred revenues
$17.0
$16.6
v3.25.4
Accounts Receivable (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Receivables [Abstract]  
Schedule of Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable Our Accounts receivable, net balance consisted of the following:
December 31,
2025
2024
Accounts receivable
$833.6
$814.5
Accounts receivable allowance
(11.9)
(16.2)
Accounts receivable, net
$821.7
$798.3
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss Roll Forward The change in our accounts receivable allowance related to the following activity during each of the years presented:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Balance at beginning of year
$16.2
$26.6
$27.1
Additional provisions
2.7
3.2
7.0
Write-offs
(7.9)
(12.9)
(9.3)
Exchange rate change
0.9
(0.7)
1.8
Balance at end of year
$11.9
$16.2
$26.6
v3.25.4
Property and Equipment, Net (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Schedule of Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment is recorded at cost, and depreciation is recorded using the straight‑line method over the estimated
useful lives of the assets, as follows:
Computer hardware
3 years
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment
5 - 7 years
Leasehold improvements
Lesser of lease term or estimated useful life
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:
December 31,
2025
2024
Computer hardware
$77.1
$64.3
Leasehold improvements
21.3
21.6
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment
44.4
46.6
Finance lease
8.0
8.0
Other
2.3
2.2
Property and equipment, gross
$153.1
$142.7
Accumulated depreciation
(100.4)
(89.2)
Property and equipment, net
$52.7
$53.5
v3.25.4
Other Intangible Assets, Net (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Identifiable Intangible Assets The following table summarizes the gross carrying amounts and accumulated amortization of our identifiable intangible
assets by major class:
December 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
Gross
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Gross
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Customer relationships
$7,828.2
$(1,875.4)
$5,952.8
$7,773.9
$(1,515.9)
$6,258.0
Technology and content
2,832.2
(1,453.1)
1,379.1
2,748.8
(1,204.6)
1,544.2
Computer software
1,252.1
(758.8)
493.3
1,060.6
(609.2)
451.4
Trade names and other
89.3
(63.3)
26.0
88.4
(57.7)
30.7
Definite-lived intangible assets
$12,001.8
$(4,150.6)
$7,851.2
$11,671.7
$(3,387.4)
$8,284.3
Indefinite-lived trade names
156.9
156.9
156.9
156.9
Other intangible assets, net
$12,158.7
$(4,150.6)
$8,008.1
$11,828.6
$(3,387.4)
$8,441.2
Schedule of Goodwill The change in the carrying amount of Goodwill by segment was as follows:
A&G
IP
LS&H
Total
Consolidated
Balance as of December 31, 2023
$1,109.8
$
$913.9
$2,023.7
Acquisition
13.8
15.8
29.6
Goodwill impairment
(13.8)
(451.9)
(465.7)
Divestiture(1)
(20.6)
(20.6)
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations
(0.4)
(0.4)
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$1,088.8
$
$477.8
$1,566.6
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations
0.1
0.1
Balance as of December 31, 2025
$1,088.9
$
$477.8
$1,566.7
(1) Related to the ScholarOne divestiture and its allocated portion of the A&G segment reporting unit’s goodwill balance. For further details, see Note 2 -
Acquisitions and Divestitures.
Schedule of Estimated Amortization for Five Succeeding Years As of December 31, 2025, estimated future amortization expense related to definite-lived intangible assets was as follows:
2026
$697.0
2027
665.0
2028
627.4
2029
574.2
2030
516.4
Thereafter
4,755.5
Amortizing intangible assets
$7,835.5
Internally developed software projects in process
15.7
Definite-lived intangible assets
$7,851.2
Schedule of Weighted-Average Estimated Useful Life for Definite-Lived Intangible Assets As of December 31, 2025, the remaining weighted-average estimated useful life (in years) of our definite-lived intangible
assets, by major class and in total, was as follows:
Customer relationships
18
Technology and content
8
Computer software
5
Trade names and other
6
Total
15
v3.25.4
Leases (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Leases [Abstract]  
Lease, Cost The following table presents the components of our lease cost, supplemental cash flow disclosures, and other information
related to our lease arrangements:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Lease Cost
Operating lease cost
$20.5
$20.2
$22.4
Variable and short-term lease cost
6.4
4.8
6.0
Finance lease cost
2.5
2.4
2.6
Total lease cost
$29.4
$27.4
$31.0
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases
$26.7
$30.3
$31.9
Operating cash flows for finance leases
2.0
2.1
2.1
Financing cash flows for finance leases
1.3
1.2
1.0
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases
$8.0
$16.8
$16.2
Other Information
Weighted-average remaining lease term:
Operating leases
4
5
5
Finance leases
11
12
13
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases
6.5%
6.2%
5.2%
Finance leases
6.9%
6.9%
6.9%
Operating Lease Maturity The following table presents an analysis of our lease liability maturities as of December 31, 2025:
Year Ending December 31,
Operating Leases
Finance Leases
2026
$21.3
$3.4
2027
15.3
3.4
2028
8.5
3.5
2029
7.2
3.6
2030
4.6
3.7
Thereafter
7.7
22.6
Total undiscounted cash flows
$64.6
$40.2
Present value:
Current lease liabilities
18.4
1.5
Non-current lease liabilities
37.9
26.6
Total lease liabilities
$56.3
$28.1
Interest on lease liabilities
$8.3
$12.1
Finance Lease Maturity The following table presents an analysis of our lease liability maturities as of December 31, 2025:
Year Ending December 31,
Operating Leases
Finance Leases
2026
$21.3
$3.4
2027
15.3
3.4
2028
8.5
3.5
2029
7.2
3.6
2030
4.6
3.7
Thereafter
7.7
22.6
Total undiscounted cash flows
$64.6
$40.2
Present value:
Current lease liabilities
18.4
1.5
Non-current lease liabilities
37.9
26.6
Total lease liabilities
$56.3
$28.1
Interest on lease liabilities
$8.3
$12.1
v3.25.4
Derivative Instruments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Notional Amounts of Outstanding Derivative Positions This amount
includes five swap arrangements currently in effect and two forward-starting swaps that are scheduled to commence on the
October 2026 maturity date of the May 2023 swaps, as further summarized in the table below:
Type
Notional Value
Effective Date
Maturity Date
Swaps entered May 2023
$739.2
May 2023
October 2026
Swaps entered June 2025
402.7
June 2025
January 2031
Swap entered December 2025
115.0
December 2025
January 2031
Forward-starting swaps entered Aug 2025
500.0
October 2026
January 2030
Total
$1,756.9
Schedule of Fair Value of Derivative Instruments The following table provides the location and the fair value of our derivative instruments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
Balance Sheet Location
December 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
Cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate swaps
Other current assets
$3.2
$
Interest rate swaps
Other non-current assets
1.8
14.7
Interest rate swaps
Other non-current liabilities
3.6
Fair value hedging relationships:
Cross-currency swaps
Other non-current liabilities
5.8
Net investment hedge:
Cross-currency swap
Other non-current assets
3.7
Cross-currency swap
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
8.0
Not designated as accounting hedges:
Foreign currency forwards
Other current assets
1.2
Foreign currency forwards
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
0.1
1.1
Total derivative assets
$6.2
$18.4
Total derivative liabilities
$17.5
$1.1
v3.25.4
Debt (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Debt The following table summarizes our total indebtedness:
December 31, 2025
December 31, 2024
Type
Maturity
Effective
Interest
Rate
Carrying
Value
Effective
Interest
Rate
Carrying
Value
Senior Secured Notes
2026
4.500%
$100.0
4.500%
$700.0
Senior Secured Notes
2028
3.875%
921.2
3.875%
921.2
Senior Notes
2029
4.875%
921.4
4.875%
921.4
Revolving Credit Facility
2029
6.466%
7.107%
Term Loan Facility (Tranche 1)
2031
6.466%
1,999.2
7.107%
1,999.2
Term Loan Facility (Tranche 2)
2031
6.966%
500.0
%
Finance lease
2036
6.936%
28.1
6.936%
29.3
Total debt outstanding
$4,469.9
$4,571.1
Debt discounts and issuance costs
(46.9)
(51.1)
Current portion of long-term debt(1)
(101.5)
(1.3)
Long-term debt
$4,321.5
$4,518.7
(1) $100.0 relates to the Senior Secured Notes due November 2026.
Schedule of Maturities of Outstanding Borrowings Amounts due under our outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2025 are as follows:
2026
$101.5
2027
1.7
2028
923.1
2029
923.5
2030
2.3
Thereafter
2,517.8
Total maturities
$4,469.9
Less: capitalized debt issuance costs and original issue discount
(46.9)
Total, including the current portion of long-term debt
$4,423.0
Debt Instrument Redemption
Redemption Price
(as a percentage of principal)
Period
Senior Notes (2029)
Senior Secured Notes (2028)
2025
101.219%
100.969%
2026 and thereafter
100.000%
100.000%
v3.25.4
Shareholders' Equity (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Equity [Abstract]  
Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (“AOCL”)
The table below provides information about the changes in AOCL by component and the related amounts reclassified to net
earnings during the periods indicated (net of tax).
Hedging
relationships(1)
Defined benefit
pension plans
Foreign currency
translation
adjustment(2)
AOCL
Balance as of December 31, 2022
$38.1
$1.5
$(705.5)
$(665.9)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
14.9
(1.1)
194.2
208.0
Reclassifications from AOCL to net earnings
(36.8)
(0.6)
(37.4)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)
(21.9)
(1.1)
193.6
170.6
Balance as of December 31, 2023
$16.2
$0.4
$(511.9)
$(495.3)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
16.1
(0.8)
(40.4)
(25.1)
Reclassifications from AOCL to net earnings
(21.6)
15.7
(5.9)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)
(5.5)
(0.8)
(24.7)
(31.0)
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$10.7
$(0.4)
$(536.6)
$(526.3)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
3.1
(0.7)
83.2
85.6
Reclassifications from AOCL to net earnings
(11.5)
(0.9)
(12.4)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)
(8.4)
(0.7)
82.3
73.2
Balance as of December 31, 2025
$2.3
$(1.1)
$(454.3)
$(453.1)
(1) Includes amounts related to our interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges, and for the year ended December 31, 2025, also includes the
excluded component of our cross-currency swaps designated as fair value hedges. Refer to Note 8 - Derivative Instruments for further information.
(2) Includes the impact of translating foreign subsidiary assets and liabilities from their functional currency to USD, as well as amounts related to our cross-
currency swap designated as a net investment hedge.
v3.25.4
Share-based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount Total share-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, comprised the following:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Cost of revenues
$17.4
$14.6
$39.9
Selling, general and administrative costs
45.6
46.0
69.0
Total share-based compensation expense
$63.0
$60.6
$108.9
Total income tax provision (benefit) recognized for stock-based compensation arrangements were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
$(1.8)
$(2.2)
$(8.7)
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit, Activity A summary of RSU and PSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2025, is presented below:
Year Ended December 31, 2025
RSUs
RSUs Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
PSUs
PSUs Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2024
12.3
$8.27
4.0
$10.48
Granted
18.4
4.14
2.9
4.68
Vested
(7.2)
8.41
(0.6)
10.91
Forfeited
(2.6)
5.63
(1.3)
9.03
Outstanding at December 31, 2025
20.9
$4.91
5.0
$7.39
Total remaining unamortized compensation costs
$41.1
$20.4
Weighted average remaining service period
1.0 years
1.6 years
Schedule of Nonvested Performance-based Units Activity A summary of RSU and PSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2025, is presented below:
Year Ended December 31, 2025
RSUs
RSUs Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
PSUs
PSUs Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2024
12.3
$8.27
4.0
$10.48
Granted
18.4
4.14
2.9
4.68
Vested
(7.2)
8.41
(0.6)
10.91
Forfeited
(2.6)
5.63
(1.3)
9.03
Outstanding at December 31, 2025
20.9
$4.91
5.0
$7.39
Total remaining unamortized compensation costs
$41.1
$20.4
Weighted average remaining service period
1.0 years
1.6 years
v3.25.4
Restructuring and Other Impairments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
Restructuring and Related Costs The following table summarizes the pre-tax charges by activity and program during the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Severance and related benefit costs:
Value Creation Plan
$48.5
$0.5
$
Segment Optimization
0.4
19.9
13.4
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
(0.1)
16.7
Total Severance and related benefit costs
48.9
20.3
30.1
Exit and disposal costs:
Value Creation Plan
1.8
0.1
Segment Optimization Program
0.3
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
0.2
Total Exit and disposal costs
1.8
0.4
0.2
Lease abandonment costs:
Value Creation Plan
Segment Optimization
(1.1)
3.7
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
(0.1)
Total Lease abandonment costs
(1.1)
3.6
Restructuring costs
$50.7
$19.6
$33.9
The following table summarizes the pre-tax charges by program and segment during the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Academia & Government:
Value Creation Plan
$21.2
$0.1
$
Segment Optimization
7.0
4.8
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
(0.1)
9.0
Total A&G
21.2
7.0
13.8
Intellectual Property:
Value Creation Plan
15.4
0.5
Segment Optimization
0.3
5.3
4.6
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
4.6
Total IP
15.7
5.8
9.2
Life Sciences & Healthcare:
Value Creation Plan
13.7
Segment Optimization
0.1
6.8
7.7
ProQuest Acquisition Integration
3.2
Total LS&H
13.8
6.8
10.9
Restructuring costs
$50.7
$19.6
$33.9
The table below summarizes the changes in our restructuring reserves by activity during the periods indicated:
Severance and
related benefit costs
Exit, disposal, and
abandonment costs
Total
Reserve balance as of December 31, 2023
$5.9
$1.4
$7.3
Expenses recorded
20.3
(0.7)
19.6
Payments made
(22.4)
(4.8)
(27.2)
Noncash items
(1.5)
4.1
2.6
Reserve balance as of December 31, 2024
$2.3
$
$2.3
Expenses recorded
48.9
1.8
50.7
Payments made
(41.3)
(1.8)
(43.1)
Noncash items
(3.4)
(3.4)
Reserve balance as of December 31, 2025
$6.5
$
$6.5
v3.25.4
Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes by Jurisdiction The components of the Provision (benefit) for income taxes by jurisdiction were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Current
U.K.
$3.1
$2.3
$(1.2)
U.S. federal
(5.6)
19.0
14.5
U.S. state
(2.0)
3.1
4.4
Other
53.0
36.8
(40.8)
Total current
48.5
61.2
(23.1)
Deferred
U.K.
1.9
0.8
(0.4)
U.S. federal
(1.4)
(20.0)
(30.5)
U.S. state
(5.5)
(3.2)
(4.4)
Other
(36.3)
44.1
(42.9)
Total deferred
(41.3)
21.7
(78.2)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
$7.2
$82.9
$(101.3)
Schedule of Components of Income (Loss) Before Income Tax The components of Income (loss) before income taxes were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
U.K. income (loss)
$(123.6)
$(155.4)
$(180.1)
U.S. income (loss)
(80.9)
(437.8)
(477.9)
Other income (loss)
10.6
39.4
(354.5)
Income (loss) before income taxes
$(193.9)
$(553.8)
$(1,012.5)
Schedule of Reconciliation of the Statutory Income Tax Rate to Effective Tax Rate The following tables present reconciliations between the statutory U.K. income tax rate and our effective tax rate (“ETR”) for
the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023. The 2025 reconciliation is presented in accordance with ASU 2023-09,
Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which we adopted on a prospective basis during the year ended December 31,
2025.
Year Ended December 31, 2025
Amount
Percent
U.K. statutory tax rate
$(48.5)
25.0%
Foreign tax effects:
United States:
Legal entity restructuring
(51.7)
26.7%
Waived deductions under Section 59A
43.8
(22.6)%
Valuation allowance
15.0
(7.7)%
BEAT
(7.1)
3.7%
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit
(7.1)
3.7%
Share-based compensation
6.6
(3.4)%
R&D credits
(5.4)
2.8%
Foreign branch
4.8
(2.5)%
Statutory income tax rate differential
3.2
(1.7)%
Subpart F income
2.7
(1.4)%
Other
0.8
(0.4)%
Germany:
Local trade tax
(10.9)
5.6%
Effect of different tax rates
7.9
(4.1)%
Other
1.7
(0.9)%
Israel:
Effect of different tax rates
(4.9)
2.5%
Other
0.6
(0.3)%
Mexico:
Valuation allowance
3.7
(1.9)%
Other
(0.6)
0.3%
Brazil:
Withholding tax
2.8
(1.4)%
Other
(0.4)
0.2%
Other foreign jurisdictions
5.6
(2.9)%
Changes in valuation allowances
31.1
(16.0)%
Effect of cross-border tax laws
2.5
(1.3)%
Nontaxable or nondeductible items
2.2
(1.1)%
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits
9.6
(5.0)%
Other adjustments
(0.8)
0.4%
Effective tax rate
$7.2
(3.7)%
Year Ended December 31,
2024
2023
Income (loss) before income taxes
$(553.8)
$(1,012.5)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
82.9
(101.3)
Statutory rate
25.0%
23.5%
Effect of different tax rates
(0.6)%
%
BEAT
(1.2)%
(0.7)%
Change in tax law
(9.6)%
%
Valuation allowances
(2.2)%
(4.4)%
Share-based compensation
(2.4)%
(1.3)%
Other permanent differences
(1.2)%
(0.6)%
Withholding tax
(0.7)%
(0.5)%
Uncertain tax positions
(0.9)%
7.0%
Outside basis difference in foreign subsidiary
(1.6)%
2.1%
Impairments
(18.8)%
(15.4)%
Divestitures
(1.1)%
%
Tax credits
1.8%
0.6%
Other
(1.5)%
(0.3)%
Effective tax rate
(15.0)%
10.0%
Schedule of Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities The tax effects of the significant components of temporary differences giving rise to our deferred income tax assets and
liabilities were as follows:
December 31,
2025
2024
Accounts receivable
$1.3
$1.9
Accrued expenses
18.4
12.2
Deferred revenue
2.1
0.9
Partnerships outside basis difference
143.9
40.9
Other assets
19.0
24.0
Debt issuance costs
7.9
10.4
Lease liabilities
11.3
8.4
Goodwill
422.0
527.4
Operating losses and tax attributes
938.2
835.4
Fixed assets, net
1.3
Total deferred tax assets
1,565.4
1,461.5
Valuation allowances
(1,340.4)
(1,279.7)
Net deferred tax assets
225.0
181.8
Other identifiable intangible assets, net
(385.6)
(365.1)
Other liabilities
(25.1)
(20.9)
Right-of-use assets
(9.2)
(5.4)
Fixed assets, net
(15.2)
Total deferred tax liabilities
(419.9)
(406.6)
Net deferred tax liabilities
$(194.9)
$(224.8)
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented net in the Consolidated Balance Sheets if they are in the same jurisdiction.
The components of the net deferred tax liability, as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, were as follows:
December 31,
2025
2024
Deferred tax asset
$17.2
$48.5
Deferred tax liability
(212.1)
(273.3)
Net deferred tax liability
$(194.9)
$(224.8)
Summary of Valuation Allowance The following table summarizes the changes in our deferred tax valuation allowance:
December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Beginning balance, January 1
$1,279.7
$1,256.6
$1,179.3
Change charged to expense/(income)
26.4
31.1
51.4
Change charged to CTA
34.3
(8.0)
25.9
Ending balance, December 31
$1,340.4
$1,279.7
$1,256.6
Summary of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties: The following table summarizes our unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties:
December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Beginning balance, January 1
$30.8
$26.0
$83.8
Increases for tax positions taken in prior years
5.3
3.3
1.1
Increases for tax positions taken in the current year
2.8
2.1
1.6
Decreases for tax positions taken in prior years
(0.4)
(0.5)
(54.1)
Decreases related to settlements with tax authorities
(6.2)
Decreases due to statute expirations
(0.2)
(0.1)
(0.2)
Ending balance, December 31
$38.3
$30.8
$26.0
Schedule of Cash Flow, Supplemental Disclosures The following table presents income taxes paid, net of refunds, by jurisdiction in accordance with ASU 2023-09,
Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures for the year ended December 31, 2025:
Year Ended
December 31, 2025
U.K.
$(3.0)
Foreign:
India
6.7
U.S. federal
6.4
Germany federal
4.5
South Korea
3.8
Spain
3.1
Sweden
2.3
Brazil
2.2
Other foreign
16.1
Total
$42.1
v3.25.4
Earnings Per Share (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Schedule of Basic and Diluted EPS Computations for Ordinary Shares The basic and diluted EPS computations for our ordinary shares are calculated as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Basic EPS
Net income (loss)
$(201.1)
$(636.7)
$(911.2)
Dividends on preferred shares
31.3
75.4
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shares
$(201.1)
$(668.0)
$(986.6)
Weighted average shares, basic
673.3
693.6
671.6
Basic EPS
$(0.30)
$(0.96)
$(1.47)
Diluted EPS
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shares
$(201.1)
$(668.0)
$(986.6)
Change in fair value of private placement warrants
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shares, diluted
$(201.1)
$(668.0)
$(986.6)
Weighted average shares, basic
673.3
693.6
671.6
Weighted average effect of potentially dilutive shares
Weighted average shares, diluted
673.3
693.6
671.6
Diluted EPS
$(0.30)
$(0.96)
$(1.47)
v3.25.4
Segment Information (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment The following table summarizes reportable segment revenues, expenses, and profit and provides a reconciliation of total
reportable segment Adjusted EBITDA to Net income (loss) for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
2023
Academia & Government
Revenues
$1,266.0
$1,326.4
$1,323.3
People-related costs
(342.7)
(349.7)
(352.8)
Royalties and other product costs
(215.4)
(248.5)
(247.7)
Technology costs
(78.8)
(80.5)
(75.6)
Outside service costs
(33.8)
(39.9)
(43.0)
Other costs
(47.3)
(44.0)
(45.7)
A&G Adjusted EBITDA
$548.0
$563.8
$558.5
Intellectual Property
Revenues
$799.4
$811.4
$862.7
People-related costs
(294.4)
(283.3)
(277.7)
Royalties and other product costs
(75.5)
(76.1)
(91.3)
Technology costs
(50.9)
(46.3)
(44.6)
Outside service costs
(20.9)
(21.1)
(22.7)
Other costs
(23.6)
(26.1)
(26.0)
IP Adjusted EBITDA
$334.1
$358.5
$400.4
Life Sciences & Healthcare
Revenues
$389.8
$418.9
$442.8
People-related costs
(183.2)
(190.8)
(188.0)
Royalties and other product costs
(37.3)
(37.6)
(43.5)
Technology costs
(28.6)
(27.1)
(24.5)
Outside service costs
(10.6)
(13.0)
(14.4)
Other costs
(10.4)
(12.3)
(14.1)
LS&H Adjusted EBITDA
$119.7
$138.1
$158.3
Total Reportable Segments
Revenues
$2,455.2
$2,556.7
$2,628.8
People-related costs
(820.3)
(823.8)
(818.5)
Royalties and other product costs
(328.2)
(362.2)
(382.5)
Technology costs
(158.3)
(153.9)
(144.7)
Outside service costs
(65.3)
(74.0)
(80.1)
Other costs
(81.3)
(82.4)
(85.8)
Total Reportable Segments Adjusted EBITDA
$1,001.8
$1,060.4
$1,117.2
Benefit (provision) for income taxes
(7.2)
(82.9)
101.3
Depreciation and amortization
(757.2)
(727.0)
(708.3)
Interest expense, net
(265.4)
(283.4)
(293.7)
Share-based compensation expense
(63.0)
(60.6)
(108.9)
Goodwill and intangible asset impairments
(15.0)
(540.7)
(979.9)
Restructuring and lease impairments
(50.7)
(19.6)
(40.0)
Fair value adjustment of warrants
5.2
15.9
Transaction related costs
(22.5)
(17.9)
(8.2)
Other(1)
(21.9)
29.8
(6.6)
Net income (loss)
$(201.1)
$(636.7)
$(911.2)
(1) Includes the net impact of unrealized foreign currency gains and losses and other items that do not reflect our ongoing operating performance. This
amount includes a net gain on sale of $54.7 from divestitures in 2024 and a gain of $49.4 related to a legal settlement in 2023. See Note 2 - Acquisitions
and Divestitures and Note 16 - Commitments and Contingencies for further details.
Schedule of Assets by Geography The following table summarizes our long-lived assets by geography, based on physical location. Long-lived assets consist of
Property and equipment, net and Operating lease right-of-use assets and exclude Goodwill, Other intangible assets, net,
Deferred income taxes, and Other assets.
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
U.S.
$28.7
$35.0
India
17.0
18.9
U.K.
15.6
18.1
All other
38.0
35.1
Total long-lived assets
$99.3
$107.1
v3.25.4
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - General (Details)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
segment
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]    
Number of reportable segments | segment 3  
Restricted cash | $ $ 12.6 $ 10.5
v3.25.4
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Property and Equipment (Details)
Dec. 31, 2025
Computer hardware  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Property, plant and equipment estimated useful lives 3 years
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment | Minimum  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Property, plant and equipment estimated useful lives 5 years
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment | Maximum  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Property, plant and equipment estimated useful lives 7 years
v3.25.4
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Internally Developed Software and Content (Details)
Dec. 31, 2025
Software Development  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Intangible assets estimated useful lives 5 years
Purchased software  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Intangible assets estimated useful lives 3 years
Content | Minimum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Intangible assets estimated useful lives 2 years
Content | Maximum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Intangible assets estimated useful lives 5 years
v3.25.4
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Intangible Assets (Details)
Dec. 31, 2025
Customer relationships | Minimum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Intangible assets estimated useful lives 2 years
Customer relationships | Maximum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Intangible assets estimated useful lives 23 years
Technology and Content | Minimum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Intangible assets estimated useful lives 2 years
Technology and Content | Maximum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Intangible assets estimated useful lives 20 years
Software Development  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Intangible assets estimated useful lives 5 years
Trade names and Other | Minimum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Intangible assets estimated useful lives 2 years
Trade names and Other | Maximum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Intangible assets estimated useful lives 18 years
v3.25.4
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Revenue Recognition (Details) - Technology and content
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Minimum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Commission fees amortization period 1 year
Maximum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Commission fees amortization period 7 years
v3.25.4
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Defined Contribution Plans (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]      
Defined contribution plan expense $ 39.7 $ 37.3 $ 34.9
v3.25.4
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilites (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]    
Customer Refund Liability, Current $ 62.8 $ 84.8
Accrued royalty costs 72.4 79.3
Other accrued expenses and other current liabilities 137.8 144.7
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 273.0 $ 308.8
v3.25.4
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Other Operating (Income) Expense, Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]      
Gain on sale from divestitures $ 0.0 $ 54.7 $ 0.0
Gain on legal settlement 0.0 0.0 (49.4)
Net foreign exchange loss (gain) 34.9 4.2 38.9
Miscellaneous expense (income), net (16.3) (1.3) (0.3)
Other operating expense (income), net $ 18.6 $ (51.8) $ (10.8)
v3.25.4
Acquisitions and Divestitures - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Business Combination [Line Items]          
Loss (gain) on divestiture(1)     $ 0.0 $ (54.7) $ 0.0
Finite-lived intangible assets $ 8,284.3   7,851.2 8,284.3  
Asset impairment charge       75.0  
Proceeds from divestitures, net of cash divested     0.0 84.4 10.5
Customer relationships          
Business Combination [Line Items]          
Finite-lived intangible assets 6,258.0   5,952.8 6,258.0  
Disposal Group, Held-for-sale, Not Discontinued Operations | Valipat          
Business Combination [Line Items]          
Consideration for divestiture   $ 33.8      
Divestiture consideration period payable   10 years      
Contingent consideration receivable     30.8    
Loss (gain) on divestiture(1)       (14.8)  
Disposal group, Intangible assets   $ 26.1      
Asset impairment charge         132.2
Discontinued Operations, Disposed of by Sale          
Business Combination [Line Items]          
Loss (gain) on divestiture(1)     $ 0.0 (54.7) $ 0.0
Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | ScholarOne Business          
Business Combination [Line Items]          
Proceeds from divestiture $ 103.6        
Gain on sale from divestitures       $ 69.5  
v3.25.4
Revenue - Disaggregated Revenues (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenues $ 2,455.2 $ 2,556.7 $ 2,628.8
North America [Member]      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenues 1,303.0 1,381.4 1,405.5
EMEA [Member]      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenues 654.8 667.8 707.5
Asia Pacific [Member]      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenues 497.4 507.5 515.8
Subscription revenues      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenues 1,605.5 1,626.8 1,618.1
Re-occurring Revenues      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenues 434.2 429.8 444.6
Transactional and other revenues      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenues 415.5 500.1 566.1
Recurring Revenues      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenues $ 2,039.7 $ 2,056.6 $ 2,062.7
v3.25.4
Revenue - Contract Balances (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]    
Accounts receivable, net $ 821.7 $ 798.3
Current portion of deferred revenues 878.6 859.1
Non-current portion of deferred revenues $ 17.0 $ 16.6
v3.25.4
Revenue - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue      
Revenue recognized that was deferred at the beginning of the period $ 737.8    
Prepaid expenses      
Disaggregation of Revenue      
Prepaid sales commissions 15.2 $ 15.4  
Noncurrent assets      
Disaggregation of Revenue      
Prepaid sales commissions $ 18.7 $ 21.4  
U.S. federal | Revenue | Customer Concentration Risk      
Disaggregation of Revenue      
Revenue from contract with customer 49.00% 50.00% 49.00%
v3.25.4
Accounts Receivable - Components of Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract]        
Accounts receivable $ 833.6 $ 814.5    
Accounts receivable allowance (11.9) (16.2) $ (26.6) $ (27.1)
Accounts receivable, net $ 821.7 $ 798.3    
v3.25.4
Accounts Receivable - Allowance (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of year $ 16.2 $ 26.6 $ 27.1
Additional provisions 2.7 3.2 7.0
Write-offs (7.9) (12.9) (9.3)
Exchange rate change 0.9 (0.7) 1.8
Balance at end of year $ 11.9 $ 16.2 $ 26.6
v3.25.4
Property and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Finance lease $ 8.0 $ 8.0  
Total property and equipment, gross 153.1 142.7  
Accumulated depreciation (100.4) (89.2)  
Property and equipment, net 52.7 53.5  
Depreciation 21.9 19.0 $ 23.2
Computer hardware      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total property and equipment, gross, excluding finance lease 77.1 64.3  
Leasehold improvements      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total property and equipment, gross, excluding finance lease 21.3 21.6  
Furniture, fixtures and equipment      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total property and equipment, gross, excluding finance lease 44.4 46.6  
Other      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total property and equipment, gross, excluding finance lease $ 2.3 $ 2.2  
v3.25.4
Other Intangible Assets, Net - Intangible Assets by Major Class (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Definite-lived intangible assets, Gross $ 12,001.8 $ 11,671.7
Definite-lived intangible assets, Accumulated Amortization (4,150.6) (3,387.4)
Definite-lived intangible assets, Net 7,851.2 8,284.3
Total intangible assets, Gross 12,158.7 11,828.6
Other intangible assets, net 8,008.1 8,441.2
Indefinite-lived trade names    
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Indefinite-lived trade names 156.9 156.9
Customer relationships    
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Definite-lived intangible assets, Gross 7,828.2 7,773.9
Definite-lived intangible assets, Accumulated Amortization (1,875.4) (1,515.9)
Definite-lived intangible assets, Net 5,952.8 6,258.0
Technology and content    
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Definite-lived intangible assets, Gross 2,832.2 2,748.8
Definite-lived intangible assets, Accumulated Amortization (1,453.1) (1,204.6)
Definite-lived intangible assets, Net 1,379.1 1,544.2
Computer software    
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Definite-lived intangible assets, Gross 1,252.1 1,060.6
Definite-lived intangible assets, Accumulated Amortization (758.8) (609.2)
Definite-lived intangible assets, Net 493.3 451.4
Trade names and other    
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Definite-lived intangible assets, Gross 89.3 88.4
Definite-lived intangible assets, Accumulated Amortization (63.3) (57.7)
Definite-lived intangible assets, Net $ 26.0 $ 30.7
v3.25.4
Other Intangible Assets, Net - Other Intangible Assets, Net Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]      
Amortization of intangible assets $ 735.3 $ 708.0 $ 685.1
v3.25.4
Other Intangible Assets, Net and Goodwill - Remaining Weighted-Average Useful Life (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Schedule Of Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Line Items]  
Remaining amortization period 15 years
Customer relationships  
Schedule Of Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Line Items]  
Remaining amortization period 18 years
Technology and content  
Schedule Of Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Line Items]  
Remaining amortization period 8 years
Computer software  
Schedule Of Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Line Items]  
Remaining amortization period 5 years
Trade names and other  
Schedule Of Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Line Items]  
Remaining amortization period 6 years
v3.25.4
Other Intangible Assets, net and Goodwill - Estimated Amortization (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]    
2026 $ 697.0  
2027 665.0  
2028 627.4  
2029 574.2  
2030 516.4  
Thereafter 4,755.5  
Amortizing intangible assets 7,835.5  
Internally developed software projects in process 15.7  
Definite-lived intangible assets, Net $ 7,851.2 $ 8,284.3
v3.25.4
Other Intangible Assets, net and Goodwill - Change in the Carrying Amount of Goodwill (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Jun. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill [Roll Forward]          
Goodwill, beginning balance       $ 1,566.6 $ 2,023.7
Acquisition         29.6
Goodwill impairment         (465.7)
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations       0.1 (0.4)
Divestiture         (20.6)
Goodwill, ending balance $ 1,566.6     1,566.7 1,566.6
A&G          
Goodwill [Roll Forward]          
Goodwill, beginning balance       1,088.8 1,109.8
Acquisition         0.0
Goodwill impairment         0.0
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations       0.1 (0.4)
Divestiture         (20.6)
Goodwill, ending balance 1,088.8     1,088.9 1,088.8
IP          
Goodwill [Roll Forward]          
Goodwill, beginning balance       0.0 0.0
Acquisition         13.8
Goodwill impairment   $ 13.8     (13.8)
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations       0.0 0.0
Divestiture        
Goodwill, ending balance 0.0     0.0 0.0
Life Sciences & Healthcare          
Goodwill [Roll Forward]          
Goodwill, beginning balance       477.8 913.9
Acquisition         15.8
Goodwill impairment (149.1)   $ (302.8)   (451.9)
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations       0.0 0.0
Divestiture        
Goodwill, ending balance $ 477.8     $ 477.8 $ 477.8
v3.25.4
Other Intangible Assets, net and Goodwill - Goodwill Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Jun. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill [Line Items]            
Goodwill impairment         $ 465.7  
Asset impairment charge         75.0  
Disposal Group, Held-for-sale, Not Discontinued Operations | Small Product Group Within IP Segment            
Goodwill [Line Items]            
Asset impairment charge           $ 132.2
Impairment, Intangible Asset, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]           Goodwill and intangible asset impairments
Disposal Group, Held-for-sale, Not Discontinued Operations | Valipat            
Goodwill [Line Items]            
Asset impairment charge           $ 132.2
IP Segment and LS&H Segment | IP Reporting Unit and LS&H Reporting Unit            
Goodwill [Line Items]            
Goodwill impairment       $ (847.7)    
Goodwill, Impairment Loss, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]       Goodwill and intangible asset impairments    
IP            
Goodwill [Line Items]            
Goodwill impairment   $ (13.8)     13.8  
LS&H            
Goodwill [Line Items]            
Goodwill impairment $ 149.1   $ 302.8   451.9  
A&G            
Goodwill [Line Items]            
Goodwill impairment         $ 0.0  
v3.25.4
Leases - Narrative (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
contract
Leases [Abstract]  
Number of finance lease contracts 1
v3.25.4
Leases - Lease Cost and Other Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Lease Cost      
Operating lease cost $ 20.5 $ 20.2 $ 22.4
Variable and short-term lease cost 6.4 4.8 6.0
Finance lease cost: 2.5 2.4 2.6
Total lease cost 29.4 27.4 31.0
Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities:      
Operating cash flows for operating leases 26.7 30.3 31.9
Operating cash flows for finance leases 2.0 2.1 2.1
Financing cash flows for finance leases 1.3 1.2 1.0
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:      
Operating leases $ 8.0 $ 16.8 $ 16.2
Weighted-average remaining lease term:      
Operating leases 4 years 5 years 5 years
Finance leases 11 years 12 years 13 years
Weighted-average discount rate:      
Operating leases 6.50% 6.20% 5.20%
Finance leases 6.936% 6.936% 6.90%
v3.25.4
Leases - Future Lease Payments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Operating Leases    
2026 $ 21.3  
2027 15.3  
2028 8.5  
2029 7.2  
2030 4.6  
Thereafter 7.7  
Total undiscounted cash flows 64.6  
Current lease liabilities 18.4 $ 20.6
Non-current lease liabilities 37.9 53.2
Total lease liabilities 56.3  
Interest on lease liabilities 8.3  
Finance Leases    
2026 3.4  
2027 3.4  
2028 3.5  
2029 3.6  
2030 3.7  
Thereafter 22.6  
Total undiscounted cash flows 40.2  
Current lease liabilities 1.5  
Non-current lease liabilities 26.6  
Total lease liabilities 28.1 $ 29.3
Interest on lease liabilities $ 12.1  
v3.25.4
Derivative Instruments - Narrative (Details)
€ in Millions, $ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
contract
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
contract
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2025
EUR (€)
contract
Interest rate swap          
Derivative [Line Items]          
Pre-tax gain expected to be reclassified within 12 months   $ 2.1      
Interest rate swap | Cash Flow Hedging | Designated as Hedging Instrument          
Derivative [Line Items]          
Notional value $ 1,756.9 1,756.9      
Cross currency swap | Fair Value Hedging | Designated as Hedging Instrument          
Derivative [Line Items]          
Notional value | €         € 448.0
Cross currency swap | Net Investment Hedging | Designated as Hedging Instrument          
Derivative [Line Items]          
Notional value | €         € 100.0
Foreign Exchange Contract          
Derivative [Line Items]          
Notional value $ 162.1 162.1 $ 91.1    
Loss (gain) from the mark to market adjustment   $ (2.2) $ 2.3 $ 0.8  
Foreign Exchange Contract | Maximum          
Derivative [Line Items]          
Term of contract 180 days        
Interest Rate Swap Maturing October 2026 and January 2031 | Cash Flow Hedging | Designated as Hedging Instrument          
Derivative [Line Items]          
Derivative, Number of Instruments Held | contract 5 5     5
v3.25.4
Derivative Instruments - Interest Rate Swap Arrangements (Details) - Cash Flow Hedging - Designated as Hedging Instrument
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
swap
Interest Rate Swap Maturing October 2026  
Derivative [Line Items]  
Notional value $ 739.2
Interest Rate Swap Maturing January 2031  
Derivative [Line Items]  
Notional value 402.7
Forward Interest Rate Swap Maturing January 2030  
Derivative [Line Items]  
Notional value $ 500.0
Derivative, Number of Instruments Held | swap 2
Interest rate swap  
Derivative [Line Items]  
Notional value $ 1,756.9
Interest Rate Swap Maturing January 2031 Entered 2025  
Derivative [Line Items]  
Notional value $ 115.0
v3.25.4
Derivative Instruments - Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Derivative [Line Items]    
Asset derivatives $ 6.2 $ 18.4
Liability derivatives 17.5 1.1
Other current assets | Interest rate swap | Designated as Hedging Instrument    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Asset derivatives 3.2 0.0
Other current assets | Foreign currency forward | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Asset derivatives 1.2 0.0
Noncurrent assets | Interest rate swap | Designated as Hedging Instrument    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Asset derivatives 1.8 14.7
Noncurrent assets | Cross currency swap | Designated as Hedging Instrument    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Asset derivatives 0.0 3.7
Other non-current liabilities | Interest rate swap | Designated as Hedging Instrument    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Liability derivatives 3.6 0.0
Other non-current liabilities | Cross currency swap | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Fair Value Hedging    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Liability derivatives 5.8 0.0
Other Current Liabilities | Cross currency swap | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Net Investment Hedging    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Liability derivatives 8.0  
Other Current Liabilities | Foreign currency forward | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Liability derivatives $ 0.1 $ 1.1
v3.25.4
Debt - Summary of Indebtedness (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Finance lease, Effective Interest Rate 6.936% 6.936% 6.90%
Finance Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Long-term debt Long-term debt  
Finance lease, Carrying Value $ 28.1 $ 29.3  
Total debt outstanding 4,469.9 4,571.1  
Debt discounts and issuance costs (46.9) (51.1)  
Current portion of long-term debt (101.5) (1.3)  
Long-term debt $ 4,321.5 $ 4,518.7  
Senior Secured Notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Effective Interest Rate 4.50% 4.50%  
Carrying Value $ 100.0 $ 700.0  
Senior Secured Notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Effective Interest Rate 3.875% 3.875%  
Carrying Value $ 921.2 $ 921.2  
Senior Notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Effective Interest Rate 4.875% 4.875%  
Carrying Value $ 921.4 $ 921.4  
Revolving Credit Facility      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Effective Interest Rate 6.466% 7.107%  
Carrying Value $ 0.0 $ 0.0  
Term Loan Facility (Tranche 1)      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Effective Interest Rate 6.466% 7.107%  
Carrying Value $ 1,999.2 $ 1,999.2  
Term Loan Facility (Tranche 2)      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Effective Interest Rate 6.966%    
Carrying Value $ 500.0    
v3.25.4
Debt - The Senior Secured Notes, Credit Facilities, Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility (2026) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2019
Jan. 31, 2026
Sep. 30, 2025
May 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Aug. 01, 2025
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayment of long-term debt         $ 600.0 $ 198.1 $ 300.0  
Level 2                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Fair vale of company's debt         4,369.9 $ 4,423.2    
Revolving Credit Facility                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Collateralized amount         6.5      
Revolving Credit Facility                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Maximum borrowing capacity         775.0     $ 700.0
Interest rate annual adjustment (as a percent) 3.25%              
Commitment fee percentage 0.50%              
Revolving Credit Facility | First Lien Leverage Ratios                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Commitment fee percentage 0.375%              
Revolving Credit Facility | First Lien Leverage Ratios | Maximum                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Interest rate annual adjustment (as a percent) 3.00%              
Revolving Credit Facility | First Lien Leverage Ratios | Minimum                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Interest rate annual adjustment (as a percent) 2.75%              
Letter of credit                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Maximum borrowing capacity         $ 77.0      
Senior Secured Notes                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayment of long-term debt     $ 100.0 $ 500.0        
Senior Secured Notes | Subsequent Event                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayment of long-term debt   $ 100.0            
Senior Notes (2029) and Senior Secured Notes (2028)                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Redemption due to change in control (as a percent)         101.00%      
Term Loan Facility (Tranche 2) | First Lien Leverage Ratios                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Interest rate annual adjustment (as a percent) 2.75%              
Term Loan Facility (Tranche 2) | Secured Debt                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt face amount       $ 500.0        
Interest rate spread (as a percent)       3.25%        
Senior Notes | 2025                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Redemption price (as a percentage of principal)         101.219%      
Senior Notes | 2026 and thereafter                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Redemption price (as a percentage of principal)         100.00%      
Senior Secured Notes | 2025                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Redemption price (as a percentage of principal)         100.969%      
Senior Secured Notes | 2026 and thereafter                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Redemption price (as a percentage of principal)         100.00%      
v3.25.4
Debt - Amounts Due Under Outstanding Borrowings (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]    
2026 $ 101.5  
2027 1.7  
2028 923.1  
2029 923.5  
2030 2.3  
Thereafter 2,517.8  
Total debt outstanding 4,469.9 $ 4,571.1
Less: capitalized debt issuance costs and original issue discount (46.9) $ (51.1)
Total, including the current portion of long-term debt $ 4,423.0  
v3.25.4
Shareholders' Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jun. 03, 2024
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Feb. 28, 2022
Equity [Abstract]          
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount     $ 500.0   $ 1,000.0
Stock repurchased and retired (in shares)   56,000,000.0 34,400,000    
Stock Repurchased and Retired During Period, Value   $ 224.5 $ 200.0 $ 100.0  
Treasury stock acquired, average cost per share (in dollars per share)   $ 4.01 $ 5.81 $ 7.22  
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent) 5.25%        
Repurchase of ordinary shares (in shares)       13,800,000  
Repurchase of ordinary shares       $ 100.0  
Preferred stock, outstanding (in shares) 14,400,000        
Preferred Stock, Convertible, Terms 3.8462        
Shares converted (in shares) 55,300,000        
v3.25.4
Shareholders' Equity - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Roll forward (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of the period $ 5,139.0 $ 5,992.3 $ 6,812.5
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 85.6 (25.1) 208.0
Reclassifications from AOCI/ AOCL to net earnings (12.4) (5.9) (37.4)
Other comprehensive income (loss) 73.2 (31.0) 170.6
Balance at end of the period 4,842.9 5,139.0 5,992.3
Accumulated other comprehensive loss      
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of the period (526.3) (495.3) (665.9)
Other comprehensive income (loss) 73.2 (31.0) 170.6
Balance at end of the period (453.1) (526.3) (495.3)
Interest rate swaps      
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of the period 10.7 16.2 38.1
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 3.1 16.1 14.9
Reclassifications from AOCI/ AOCL to net earnings (11.5) (21.6) (36.8)
Other comprehensive income (loss) (8.4) (5.5) (21.9)
Balance at end of the period 2.3 10.7 16.2
Defined benefit pension plans      
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of the period (0.4) 0.4 1.5
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (0.7) (0.8) (1.1)
Reclassifications from AOCI/ AOCL to net earnings 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other comprehensive income (loss) (0.7) (0.8) (1.1)
Balance at end of the period (1.1) (0.4) 0.4
Foreign currency translation adjustment      
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of the period (536.6) (511.9) (705.5)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 83.2 (40.4) 194.2
Reclassifications from AOCI/ AOCL to net earnings (0.9) 15.7 (0.6)
Other comprehensive income (loss) 82.3 (24.7) 193.6
Balance at end of the period $ (454.3) $ (536.6) $ (511.9)
v3.25.4
Share-based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Authorized grants (in shares) 85,000,000.0    
Total remaining unamortized compensation costs $ 0.0 $ 0.0  
RSUs      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Weighted average grant date fair value, granted (in dollars per share) $ 4.14 $ 6.89 $ 10.34
Vested in period, fair value $ 30.3 $ 45.3 $ 62.4
RSUs | Minimum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Vesting period 1 year    
RSUs | Maximum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Vesting period 3 years    
PSUs      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Cliff vesting period 3 years    
Weighted average grant date fair value, granted (in dollars per share) $ 4.68 $ 7.77 $ 13.55
PSUs | Minimum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Vesting period 3 years    
PSUs | Maximum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Vesting period 5 years    
Options      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Number of options, vested and exercisable at the end of the year (in shares) 600,000    
Vested and exercisable at the end of the year (in dollars per share) $ 11.71    
Weighted-average remaining contractual life 1 year 7 months 6 days    
Incentive Award Plan 2019      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Authorized grants (in shares) 32,100,000 20,700,000  
v3.25.4
Share-based Compensation - Share-based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Total share based compensation expense $ 63.0 $ 60.6 $ 108.9
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (1.8) (2.2) (8.7)
Cost of revenues      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Total share based compensation expense 17.4 14.6 39.9
Selling, general and administrative costs      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Total share based compensation expense $ 45.6 $ 46.0 $ 69.0
v3.25.4
Share-based Compensation - RSU and PSU Activity (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
RSUs      
RSUs and PSUs      
Beginning of year (in shares) 12,300,000    
Granted (in shares) 18,400,000    
Exercised/Vested (in share) (7,200,000)    
Forfeited/Unexercised (in shares) (2,600,000)    
End of year (in shares) 20,900,000 12,300,000  
Total remaining unamortized compensation costs $ 41.1    
Weighted average remaining service period (in years) 1 year    
RSUs Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value      
Weighted average grant date fair value, beginning balance (in dollars per share) $ 4.91 $ 8.27  
Weighted average grant date fair value, granted (in dollars per share) 4.14 6.89 $ 10.34
Weighted average grant date fair value, vested (in dollars per share) 8.41    
Weighted average grant date fair value, forfeited (in dollars per share) 5.63    
Ending balance (in dollars per share) $ 4.91 $ 8.27  
PSUs      
RSUs and PSUs      
Beginning of year (in shares) 4,000,000.0    
Granted (in shares) 2,900,000    
Exercised/Vested (in share) (600,000)    
Forfeited/Unexercised (in shares) (1,300,000)    
End of year (in shares) 5,000,000.0 4,000,000.0  
Total remaining unamortized compensation costs $ 20.4    
Weighted average remaining service period (in years) 1 year 7 months 6 days    
RSUs Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value      
Weighted average grant date fair value, beginning balance (in dollars per share) $ 7.39 $ 10.48  
Weighted average grant date fair value, granted (in dollars per share) 4.68 7.77 $ 13.55
Weighted average grant date fair value, vested (in dollars per share) 10.91    
Weighted average grant date fair value, forfeited (in dollars per share) 9.03    
Ending balance (in dollars per share) $ 7.39 $ 10.48  
v3.25.4
Restructuring and Other Impairments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   $ 50.7 $ 19.6 $ 33.9
Restructuring Charges, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]   Restructuring and other impairments Restructuring and other impairments Restructuring and other impairments
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Restructuring Reserve, Beginning Balance   $ 2.3 $ 7.3  
Expenses recorded   50.7 19.6 $ 33.9
Payments made   (43.1) (27.2)  
Noncash items   (3.4) 2.6  
Restructuring Reserve, Ending Balance $ 7.3 6.5 2.3 7.3
Impairment charge on equity investments 6.1      
Academia & Government        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   21.2 7.0 13.8
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   21.2 7.0 13.8
Intellectual Property        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   15.7 5.8 9.2
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   15.7 5.8 9.2
Life Sciences & Healthcare        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   13.8 6.8 10.9
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   13.8 6.8 10.9
Severance and related benefit costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   48.9 20.3 30.1
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Restructuring Reserve, Beginning Balance   2.3 5.9  
Expenses recorded   48.9 20.3 30.1
Payments made   (41.3) (22.4)  
Noncash items   (3.4) (1.5)  
Restructuring Reserve, Ending Balance 5.9 6.5 2.3 5.9
Exit and disposal costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   1.8 0.4 0.2
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   1.8 0.4 0.2
Lease abandonment costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   1.8 (0.7)  
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Restructuring Reserve, Beginning Balance   0.0 1.4  
Expenses recorded   1.8 (0.7)  
Payments made   (1.8) (4.8)  
Noncash items   0.0 4.1  
Restructuring Reserve, Ending Balance $ 1.4 0.0 0.0 1.4
Lease abandonment costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.0 (1.1) 3.6
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.0 (1.1) 3.6
Segment Optimization Program | Academia & Government        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.0 7.0 4.8
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.0 7.0 4.8
Segment Optimization Program | Intellectual Property        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.3 5.3 4.6
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.3 5.3 4.6
Segment Optimization Program | Life Sciences & Healthcare        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.1 6.8 7.7
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.1 6.8 7.7
Segment Optimization Program | Severance and related benefit costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.4 19.9 13.4
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.4 19.9 13.4
Segment Optimization Program | Exit and disposal costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.0 0.3 0.0
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.0 0.3 0.0
Segment Optimization Program | Lease abandonment costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.0 (1.1) 3.7
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.0 (1.1) 3.7
ProQuest Acquisition Integration Program | Academia & Government        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.0 (0.1) 9.0
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.0 (0.1) 9.0
ProQuest Acquisition Integration Program | Intellectual Property        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.0 0.0 4.6
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.0 0.0 4.6
ProQuest Acquisition Integration Program | Life Sciences & Healthcare        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.0 0.0 3.2
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.0 0.0 3.2
ProQuest Acquisition Integration Program | Severance and related benefit costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.0 (0.1) 16.7
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.0 (0.1) 16.7
ProQuest Acquisition Integration Program | Exit and disposal costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.0 0.0 0.2
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.0 0.0 0.2
ProQuest Acquisition Integration Program | Lease abandonment costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.0 0.0 (0.1)
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   0.0 0.0 (0.1)
Value Creation Plan        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Expected additional restructuring costs   25.0    
Value Creation Plan | Academia & Government        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   21.2 0.1 0.0
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   21.2 0.1 0.0
Value Creation Plan | Intellectual Property        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   15.4 0.5 0.0
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   15.4 0.5 0.0
Value Creation Plan | Life Sciences & Healthcare        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   13.7 0.0 0.0
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   13.7 0.0 0.0
Value Creation Plan | Severance and related benefit costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   48.5 0.5 0.0
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   48.5 0.5 0.0
Value Creation Plan | Exit and disposal costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   1.8 0.1 0.0
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   1.8 0.1 0.0
Value Creation Plan | Lease abandonment costs:        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and other impairments   0.0 0.0 0.0
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]        
Expenses recorded   $ 0.0 $ 0.0 $ 0.0
v3.25.4
Income Taxes - Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes by Jurisdiction (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Current Federal, State and Local, Tax Expense (Benefit) [Abstract]      
U.K. $ 3.1 $ 2.3 $ (1.2)
Other 53.0 36.8 (40.8)
Total current 48.5 61.2 (23.1)
Deferred Federal, State and Local, Tax Expense (Benefit) [Abstract]      
U.K. 1.9 0.8 (0.4)
Other (36.3) 44.1 (42.9)
Total deferred (41.3) 21.7 (78.2)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 7.2 82.9 (101.3)
U.S. federal      
Current Federal, State and Local, Tax Expense (Benefit) [Abstract]      
U.S. (5.6) 19.0 14.5
Deferred Federal, State and Local, Tax Expense (Benefit) [Abstract]      
U.S. (1.4) (20.0) (30.5)
U.S. state      
Current Federal, State and Local, Tax Expense (Benefit) [Abstract]      
U.S. (2.0) 3.1 4.4
Deferred Federal, State and Local, Tax Expense (Benefit) [Abstract]      
U.S. $ (5.5) $ (3.2) $ (4.4)
v3.25.4
Income Taxes - Components of Income (Loss) Before Income Tax (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]      
U.K. income (loss) $ (123.6) $ (155.4) $ (180.1)
U.S. income (loss) (80.9) (437.8) (477.9)
Other income (loss) 10.6 39.4 (354.5)
Income (loss) before income taxes $ (193.9) $ (553.8) $ (1,012.5)
v3.25.4
Income Taxes - Reconciliation of the Statutory Income Tax Rate to Effective Tax Rate, After Adoption of ASU 2023-09 (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Amount      
U.K. statutory tax rate $ (48.5)    
Valuation allowance 31.1    
Other foreign jurisdictions 5.6    
Effect of cross-border tax laws 2.5    
Nontaxable or nondeductible items 2.2    
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits 9.6    
Other adjustments (0.8)    
Provision (benefit) for income taxes $ 7.2 $ 82.9 $ (101.3)
Percent      
U.K. statutory tax rate 25.00% 25.00% 23.50%
Valuation allowances (16.00%) (2.20%) (4.40%)
BEAT   1.20% 0.70%
Other   (1.50%) (0.30%)
Effect of different tax rates   (9.60%) 0.00%
Withholding tax   (0.70%) (0.50%)
Other foreign jurisdictions (2.90%)    
Effect of cross-border tax laws (1.30%)    
Nontaxable or nondeductible items (1.10%)    
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits (5.00%)    
Other adjustments 0.40%    
Effective tax rate (3.70%) (15.00%) 10.00%
U.S. federal      
Amount      
Legal entity restructuring $ (51.7)    
Waived deductions under Section 59A 43.8    
Valuation allowance 15.0    
BEAT (7.1)    
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit (7.1)    
Share-based compensation 6.6    
R&D credits (5.4)    
Foreign branch 4.8    
Statutory income tax rate differential 3.2    
Subpart F income 2.7    
Other $ 0.8    
Percent      
Legal entity restructuring 26.70%    
Waived deductions under Section 59A (22.60%)    
Valuation allowances (7.70%)    
BEAT 3.70%    
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit 3.70%    
Share-based compensation (3.40%)    
R&D credits 2.80%    
Foreign branch (2.50%)    
Statutory income tax rate differential (1.70%)    
Subpart F income (1.40%)    
Other (0.40%)    
Germany federal      
Amount      
Other $ 1.7    
Local trade tax (10.9)    
Effect of different tax rates $ 7.9    
Percent      
Other (0.90%)    
Local trade tax 5.60%    
Effect of different tax rates (4.10%)    
ISRAEL      
Amount      
Other $ 0.6    
Effect of different tax rates $ (4.9)    
Percent      
Other (0.30%)    
Effect of different tax rates 2.50%    
MEXICO      
Amount      
Valuation allowance $ 3.7    
Other $ (0.6)    
Percent      
Valuation allowances (1.90%)    
Other 0.30%    
Brazil      
Amount      
Other $ (0.4)    
Withholding tax $ 2.8    
Percent      
Other 0.20%    
Withholding tax (1.40%)    
v3.25.4
Income Taxes - Reconciliation of the Statutory Income Tax Rate to Effective Tax Rate, Prior to Adoption of ASU 2023-09 (Details) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Percent      
Income (loss) before income taxes $ (193.9) $ (553.8) $ (1,012.5)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes $ 7.2 $ 82.9 $ (101.3)
U.K. statutory tax rate 25.00% 25.00% 23.50%
Effect of different tax rates   (0.60%) 0.00%
BEAT   (1.20%) (0.70%)
Change in tax law   (9.60%) 0.00%
Valuation allowances (16.00%) (2.20%) (4.40%)
Share-based compensation   (2.40%) (1.30%)
Other permanent differences   (1.20%) (0.60%)
Withholding tax   (0.70%) (0.50%)
Uncertain tax positions   (0.90%) 7.00%
Other foreign jurisdictions   (1.60%) 2.10%
Outside basis difference in foreign subsidiary   (18.80%) (15.40%)
Nontaxable or nondeductible items   (1.10%) 0.00%
Tax credits   1.80% 0.60%
Other   (1.50%) (0.30%)
Effective tax rate (3.70%) (15.00%) 10.00%
v3.25.4
Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]        
Provision (benefit) for income taxes $ 7.2 $ 82.9 $ (101.3)  
Expense related to new tax rate 53.9      
Establishment of valuation allowance 10.2      
Income tax benefit due to impairment of intangible assets 16.6      
Income tax benefit due to impairment of goodwill   14.2    
Valuation allowances 1,340.4 1,279.7 1,256.6 $ 1,179.3
Increase to valuation allowance 60.7 23.1    
Tax credit carryforwards 32.3      
Deferred taxes on undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries 13.5      
Unrecognized tax benefits 38.3 30.8 26.0 $ 83.8
Accrued interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions 5.3 3.2    
Interest and penalties recognized on uncertain tax positions 2.0 $ 0.7 $ (23.2)  
U.S. federal        
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]        
Benefit from reduction in BEAT 7.1      
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)        
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]        
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 21.7      
Operating loss carryforwards 2,115.7      
Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC)        
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]        
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 10.9      
Operating loss carryforwards 592.0      
U.S. state        
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]        
Operating loss carryforwards 1,001.6      
All Other Foreign Jurisdictions        
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]        
Operating loss carryforwards $ 59.8      
v3.25.4
Income Taxes - Tax effects of the significant components of temporary differences (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]        
Accounts receivable $ 1.3 $ 1.9    
Accrued expenses 18.4 12.2    
Deferred revenue 2.1 0.9    
Partnerships outside basis difference 143.9 40.9    
Other assets 19.0 24.0    
Debt issuance costs 7.9 10.4    
Lease liabilities 11.3 8.4    
Goodwill 422.0 527.4    
Operating losses and tax attributes 938.2 835.4    
Fixed assets, net 1.3 0.0    
Total deferred tax assets 1,565.4 1,461.5    
Valuation allowances (1,340.4) (1,279.7) $ (1,256.6) $ (1,179.3)
Net deferred tax assets 225.0 181.8    
Other identifiable intangible assets, net (385.6) (365.1)    
Other liabilities (25.1) (20.9)    
Right-of-use assets (9.2) (5.4)    
Fixed assets, net 0.0 (15.2)    
Total deferred tax liabilities (419.9) (406.6)    
Net deferred tax liabilities $ (194.9) $ (224.8)    
v3.25.4
Income taxes - Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]    
Deferred tax asset $ 17.2 $ 48.5
Deferred tax liability (212.1) (273.3)
Net deferred tax liabilities $ (194.9) $ (224.8)
v3.25.4
Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Valuation Allowance [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance, January 1 $ 1,279.7 $ 1,256.6 $ 1,179.3
Change charged to expense/(income) 26.4 31.1 51.4
Change charged to CTA 34.3 (8.0) 25.9
Ending balance, December 31 $ 1,340.4 $ 1,279.7 $ 1,256.6
v3.25.4
Income Taxes - Taxes paid by jurisdiction (Details)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]  
U.K. $ (3.0)
Total 42.1
India  
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]  
Foreign: 6.7
U.S. federal  
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]  
Foreign: 6.4
Germany federal  
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]  
Foreign: 4.5
South Korea  
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]  
Foreign: 3.8
Spain  
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]  
Foreign: 3.1
Sweden  
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]  
Foreign: 2.3
Brazil  
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]  
Foreign: 2.2
Other foreign  
Income Tax Disclosure [Line Items]  
Foreign: $ 16.1
v3.25.4
Income Taxes - Uncertain Tax Positions (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance $ 30.8 $ 26.0 $ 83.8
Increases for tax positions taken in prior years 5.3 3.3 1.1
Increases for tax positions taken in the current year 2.8 2.1 1.6
Decreases for tax positions taken in prior years (0.4) (0.5) (54.1)
Decreases related to settlements with tax authorities 0.0 0.0 (6.2)
Decreases due to statute expirations (0.2) (0.1) (0.2)
Ending balance $ 38.3 $ 30.8 $ 26.0
v3.25.4
Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Basic EPS      
Net income (loss) $ (201.1) $ (636.7) $ (911.2)
Dividends on preferred shares 0.0 31.3 75.4
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shares (201.1) (668.0) (986.6)
Change in fair value of private placement warrants $ 0.0 $ 0.0 $ 0.0
Weighted average shares, basic (in shares) 673.3 693.6 671.6
Basic EPS (in dollars per share) $ (0.30) $ (0.96) $ (1.47)
Diluted EPS      
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shares, diluted $ (201.1) $ (668.0) $ (986.6)
Weighted average shares, basic (in shares) 673.3 693.6 671.6
Weighted average effect of potentially dilutive shares (in shares) 0.0 0.0 0.0
Weighted average shares, diluted (in shares) 673.3 693.6 671.6
Diluted EPS (in dollars per share) $ (0.30) $ (0.96) $ (1.47)
v3.25.4
Earnings Per Share - Narrative (Details) - shares
shares in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Warrant and share-based payment awards      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Antidilutive shares (in shares) 20.5 20.2 32.7
v3.25.4
Segment Information - Narrative (Details)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
segment
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Segment Reporting [Abstract]      
Number of reportable segments | segment 3    
Goodwill and intangible asset impairments | $ $ (15.0) $ (540.7) $ (979.9)
v3.25.4
Segment Information - Reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to Net income (loss) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information      
Revenues $ 2,455.2 $ 2,556.7 $ 2,628.8
People-related costs (820.3) (823.8) (818.5)
Royalties and other product costs (328.2) (362.2) (382.5)
Technology costs (158.3) (153.9) (144.7)
Outside service costs (65.3) (74.0) (80.1)
Other costs (81.3) (82.4) (85.8)
Adjusted EBITDA 1,001.8 1,060.4 1,117.2
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (7.2) (82.9) 101.3
Depreciation and amortization (757.2) (727.0) (708.3)
Interest expense, net (265.4) (283.4) (293.7)
Royalties and other product costs (63.0) (60.6) (108.9)
Goodwill and intangible asset impairments (15.0) (540.7) (979.9)
Restructuring and other impairments (50.7) (19.6) (40.0)
Mark to market gain (loss) on financial instruments 0.0 5.2 15.9
Transaction related costs (22.5) (17.9) (8.2)
Other (21.9) 29.8 (6.6)
Net income (loss) (201.1) (636.7) (911.2)
Restructuring and other impairments (50.7) (19.6) (33.9)
Academia & Government      
Segment Reporting Information      
Revenues 1,266.0 1,326.4 1,323.3
People-related costs (342.7) (349.7) (352.8)
Royalties and other product costs (215.4) (248.5) (247.7)
Technology costs (78.8) (80.5) (75.6)
Outside service costs (33.8) (39.9) (43.0)
Other costs (47.3) (44.0) (45.7)
Adjusted EBITDA 548.0 563.8 558.5
Restructuring and other impairments (21.2) (7.0) (13.8)
Intellectual Property      
Segment Reporting Information      
Revenues 799.4 811.4 862.7
People-related costs (294.4) (283.3) (277.7)
Royalties and other product costs (75.5) (76.1) (91.3)
Technology costs (50.9) (46.3) (44.6)
Outside service costs (20.9) (21.1) (22.7)
Other costs (23.6) (26.1) (26.0)
Adjusted EBITDA 334.1 358.5 400.4
Restructuring and other impairments (15.7) (5.8) (9.2)
Life Sciences & Healthcare      
Segment Reporting Information      
Revenues 389.8 418.9 442.8
People-related costs (183.2) (190.8) (188.0)
Royalties and other product costs (37.3) (37.6) (43.5)
Technology costs (28.6) (27.1) (24.5)
Outside service costs (10.6) (13.0) (14.4)
Other costs (10.4) (12.3) (14.1)
Adjusted EBITDA 119.7 138.1 158.3
Restructuring and other impairments $ (13.8) $ (6.8) $ (10.9)
v3.25.4
Segment Information - Assets by Geography (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]    
Total long-lived assets $ 99.3 $ 107.1
U.S. federal    
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]    
Total long-lived assets 28.7 35.0
India    
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]    
Total long-lived assets 17.0 18.9
U.K.    
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]    
Total long-lived assets 15.6 18.1
All other    
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]    
Total long-lived assets $ 38.0 $ 35.1
v3.25.4
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]      
Gain on settlement $ 0.0 $ 0.0 $ 49.4
One Of The Larger Legal Claims [Member]      
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]      
Gain on settlement     $ 49.4