DOW INC., 10-K filed on 2/3/2026
Annual Report
v3.25.4
Cover Page
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
ReportingUnits
$ / shares
Jan. 15, 2026
shares
Jun. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Entity Information [Line Items]      
Entity File Number 001-38646    
Entity Registrant Name Dow Inc.    
Entity Tax Identification Number 30-1128146    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE    
Entity Small Business false    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Central Index Key 0001751788    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
Entity Public Float | $     $ 18,700,000,000
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Document Information [Line Items]      
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2025    
Document Type 10-K    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Transition Report false    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2025    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
Amendment Flag false    
Number of Reportable Segments | ReportingUnits 3    
Auditor Name DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP    
Auditor Location Midland, Michigan    
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag] false    
Entity Listings [Line Items]      
Title of 12(b) Security Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share    
Trading Symbol DOW    
Security Exchange Name NYSE    
Entity Listing, Par Value Per Share | $ / shares $ 0.01    
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | shares   717,534,072  
Entity Addresses [Line Items]      
Entity Address, Address Line One 2211 H.H. Dow Way    
Entity Address, City or Town Midland    
Entity Address, State or Province MI    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 48674    
City Area Code 989    
Local Phone Number 636-1000    
Auditor Firm ID 34    
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag] false    
The Dow Chemical Company      
Entity Information [Line Items]      
Entity File Number 001-03433    
Entity Registrant Name The Dow Chemical Company    
Entity Tax Identification Number 38-1285128    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Filer Category Non-accelerated Filer    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE    
Entity Small Business false    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Central Index Key 0000029915    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Document Information [Line Items]      
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2025    
Document Type 10-K    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Transition Report false    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2025    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
Amendment Flag false    
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag] false    
Entity Listings [Line Items]      
Security Exchange Name NYSE    
Entity Listing, Par Value Per Share | $ / shares $ 0.01    
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | shares   100  
Entity Addresses [Line Items]      
Entity Address, Address Line One 2211 H.H. Dow Way    
Entity Address, City or Town Midland    
Entity Address, State or Province MI    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 48674    
City Area Code 989    
Local Phone Number 636-1000    
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag] false    
0.500% Notes due March 15, 2027 [Member] | The Dow Chemical Company      
Entity Listings [Line Items]      
Title of 12(b) Security 0.500% Notes due March 15, 2027    
Trading Symbol DOW/27    
1.125% Notes due March 15, 2032 [Member] | The Dow Chemical Company      
Entity Listings [Line Items]      
Title of 12(b) Security 1.125% Notes due March 15, 2032    
Trading Symbol DOW/32    
1.875% Notes due March 15, 2040 [Member] | The Dow Chemical Company      
Entity Listings [Line Items]      
Title of 12(b) Security 1.875% Notes due March 15, 2040    
Trading Symbol DOW/40    
4.625% Notes due October 1, 2044 [Member] | The Dow Chemical Company      
Entity Listings [Line Items]      
Title of 12(b) Security 4.625% Notes due October 1, 2044    
Trading Symbol DOW/44    
v3.25.4
Auditor Information
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Document Information [Line Items]  
Auditor Name DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Auditor Location Midland, Michigan
Auditor Firm ID 34
v3.25.4
Consolidated Statements of Income - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]      
Net sales $ 39,968 $ 42,964 $ 44,622
Cost of sales 37,435 38,358 39,742
Research and development expenses 752 810 829
Selling, general and administrative expenses 1,392 1,581 1,627
Amortization of intangibles 231 310 324
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net 1,856 103 528
Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates (240) (6) (119)
Sundry income (expense) - net 140 415 (280)
Interest income 152 200 229
Interest expense and amortization of debt discount 865 811 746
Income (loss) before income taxes (2,511) 1,600 656
Provision (credit) for income taxes (67) 399 (4)
Net income (loss) (2,444) 1,201 660
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 179 85 71
Net income (loss) available for The Dow Chemical Company common stockholder $ (2,623) $ 1,116 $ 589
Earnings (loss) per common share - basic $ (3.70) $ 1.57 $ 0.82
Earnings (loss) per common share - diluted $ (3.70) $ 1.57 $ 0.82
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic 711.6 703.8 705.7
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted 711.6 705.1 709.0
v3.25.4
Dow Inc. Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Statement - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]      
Net income (loss) $ (2,444) $ 1,201 $ 660
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax      
Unrealized gains on investments 70 10 0
Cumulative translation adjustments 203 (172) 43
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans 191 (234) (609)
Derivative instruments (14) (33) 24
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 450 (429) (542)
Comprehensive income (loss) (1,994) 772 118
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax 179 85 71
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to The Dow Chemical Company $ (2,173) $ 687 $ 47
v3.25.4
Dow Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 3,816 $ 2,189
Trade (net of allowance for doubtful receivables - 2025: $59; 2024: $95) 4,762 4,756
Other Receivables 1,876 2,108
Inventories 6,595 6,544
Other current assets 1,013 993
Total current assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $228; 2024: $55) 18,062 16,590
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates 1,264 1,266
Other investments (investments carried at fair value - 2025: $2,212; 2024: $2,047) 3,017 3,033
Noncurrent receivables 309 380
Total investments 4,590 4,679
Property 65,863 62,121
Less: Accumulated depreciation 43,613 40,117
Net property 22,250 22,004
Goodwill 7,978 8,565
Other intangible assets (net of accumulated amortization - 2025: $5,727; 2024: $5,394) 1,486 1,721
Operating lease right-of-use assets 1,356 1,268
Deferred income tax assets 1,511 1,257
Deferred charges and other assets 1,305 1,228
Total other assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $226; 2024: $15) 13,636 14,039
Total Assets 58,538 57,312
Notes payable 90 135
Long-term debt due within one year 222 497
Accounts Payable, Trade 4,151 4,847
Accounts Payable, Other 1,394 1,694
Operating lease liabilities - current 340 318
Income taxes payable 337 276
Accrued and other current liabilities 2,649 2,521
Total current liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $438; 2024: $24) 9,183 10,288
Long-Term Debt (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $190; 2024: $—) 17,849 15,711
Deferred income tax liabilities 364 392
Pension and other postretirement benefits - noncurrent 4,694 4,736
Asbestos-related liabilities - noncurrent 628 713
Operating lease liabilities - noncurrent 1,097 984
Other noncurrent obligations 7,201 6,637
Total other noncurrent liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $364; 2024: $13) 13,984 13,462
Common stock (authorized and issued 100 shares of $0.01 par value each) 8 8
Additional paid-in capital 11,112 9,203
Retained earnings 16,781 20,909
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (7,660) (8,110)
Treasury stock at cost (2025: 73,065,152 shares; 2024: 80,859,145 shares) (4,233) (4,655)
Dow Inc.’s stockholders’ equity 16,008 17,355
Noncontrolling interests 1,514 496
Total equity 17,522 17,851
Total Liabilities and Equity $ 58,538 $ 57,312
v3.25.4
Dow Consolidated Balance Sheets Parentheticals - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Allowance for doubtful receivables $ 59 $ 95
Investments carried at fair value 2,212 2,047
Other intangible assets, accumulated amortization $ 5,727 $ 5,394
Common stock authorized (in shares) 5,000,000,000 5,000,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Common stock issued (in shares) 790,287,565 784,471,939
Treasury Stock, Common, Shares 73,065,152 80,859,145
Total current assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $228; 2024: $55) $ 18,062 $ 16,590
Net property 22,250 22,004
Total other assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $226; 2024: $15) 13,636 14,039
Total current liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $438; 2024: $24) 9,183 10,288
Long-Term Debt (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $190; 2024: $—) 17,849 15,711
Total other noncurrent liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $364; 2024: $13) 13,984 13,462
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary    
Net property 112 122
Total current liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $438; 2024: $24) 24 24
VIE Restricted Balance    
Total current assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $228; 2024: $55) 228 55
Net property 2,385 122
Total other assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $226; 2024: $15) 226 15
Total current liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $438; 2024: $24) 438 24
Long-Term Debt (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $190; 2024: $—) 190 0
Total other noncurrent liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $364; 2024: $13) $ 364 $ 13
v3.25.4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]      
Net income (loss) $ (2,444) $ 1,201 $ 660
Depreciation and amortization 2,834 2,894 2,611
Provision (Credit) for deferred income tax (341) 135 (1,222)
Earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates less than (in excess of) dividends received 439 348 387
Net periodic pension benefit cost (95) (210) 548
Pension contributions (209) (121) (142)
Net gain on sales of assets, businesses and investments (220) (65) (70)
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net 1,856 103 528
Other net loss 440 239 796
Accounts and notes receivable 73 (224) 1,161
Inventories (52) (529) 844
Accounts payable (999) 278 (734)
Other assets and liabilities, net (220) (1,146) (203)
Cash provided by operating activities - continuing operations 1,062 2,903 5,164
Cash provided by (used for) operating activities - discontinued operations (30) 11 32
Cash provided by (used for) operating activities 1,032 2,914 5,196
Capital expenditures (2,479) (2,940) (2,356)
Proceeds from incentives related to capital expenditures 145 0 0
Cash flow hedging related to capital expenditures (40) 0 0
Investment in gas field developments (157) (203) (215)
Purchases of previously leased assets 0 0 (7)
Proceeds from sales of property and businesses, net of cash divested 139 234 95
Acquisitions of property and businesses, net of cash acquired 0 (125) (114)
Investments in and loans to nonconsolidated affiliates (32) (28) (5)
Distributions and loan repayments from nonconsolidated affiliates 0 0 2
Proceeds from Sale of Equity Method Investments 125 0 63
Purchases of investments (881) (1,809) (2,288)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments 1,022 2,536 1,958
Other investing activities, net 32 (33) (61)
Cash provided by (used for) investing activities (2,126) (2,368) (2,928)
Changes in short-term notes payable (5) (61) (249)
Proceeds from Short-term Debt, Maturing in More than Three Months 64 143 0
Repayments of Short-term Debt, Maturing in More than Three Months (63) (17) 0
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt 2,778 1,467 104
Payments on long-term debt (1,461) (267) (446)
Proceeds from (Repayments of) Accounts Receivable Securitization (9) (9) 18
Purchases of treasury stock 0 (494) (625)
Proceeds from issuance of parent company stock 85 166 188
Transaction financing, debt issuance and other costs (137) (14) (2)
Employee taxes paid for share-based payment arrangements (18) (39) (42)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests (173) (77) (89)
Proceeds from Noncontrolling Interests 2,943 0 0
Dividends paid to stockholders (1,490) (1,966) (1,972)
Other financing activities, net (6) 0 0
Cash used for financing activities 2,508 (1,168) (3,115)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 275 (163) (45)
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 1,689 (785) (892)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year 2,263 3,048 3,940
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year 3,952 2,263 3,048
Less: Restricted cash and cash equivalents, included in Other current assets 136 74 61
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 3,816 $ 2,189 $ 2,987
v3.25.4
Consolidated Statements of Equity - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Total
Common Stock
Add'l Paid-in Capital
Retained Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Treasury Stock, Common
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]            
Total equity   $ 8 $ 8,540 $ 23,180 $ (7,139) $ (3,871)
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022   8 8,540 23,180 (7,139) (3,871)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]            
Common stock issued/sold     188      
Stock-based compensation and allocation of ESOP shares     276      
APIC, Stock Issued During Period, Value, Treasury Reissued - compensation and benefit plans     (124)      
Net Income (Loss)       589    
Dividends to stockholders       (1,972)    
Settlements and transfers related to separation from DowDuPont Inc.       0    
Other       (23)    
Total other comprehensive income (loss) $ (542)       (542)  
Treasury stock purchases           (627)
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Treasury Stock Reissued - compensation and benefit plans           124
Dividends declared per share of common stock $ 2.80          
APIC, Sale of membership interest in Diamond Solutions     0      
Dow Inc.’s stockholders’ equity $ 18,607          
Noncontrolling interests 501          
Total equity 19,108 8 8,880 21,774 (7,681) (4,374)
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023 19,108 8 8,880 21,774 (7,681) (4,374)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]            
Common stock issued/sold     166      
Stock-based compensation and allocation of ESOP shares     370      
APIC, Stock Issued During Period, Value, Treasury Reissued - compensation and benefit plans     (213)      
Net Income (Loss)       1,116    
Dividends to stockholders       (1,966)    
Settlements and transfers related to separation from DowDuPont Inc.       10    
Other       (25)    
Total other comprehensive income (loss) $ (429)       (429)  
Treasury stock purchases           (494)
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Treasury Stock Reissued - compensation and benefit plans           213
Dividends declared per share of common stock $ 2.80          
APIC, Sale of membership interest in Diamond Solutions     0      
Dow Inc.’s stockholders’ equity $ 17,355          
Noncontrolling interests 496          
Total equity 17,851 8 9,203 20,909 (8,110) (4,655)
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2024 17,851 8 9,203 20,909 (8,110) (4,655)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]            
Common stock issued/sold     85      
Stock-based compensation and allocation of ESOP shares     367      
APIC, Stock Issued During Period, Value, Treasury Reissued - compensation and benefit plans     (422)      
Net Income (Loss)       (2,623)    
Dividends to stockholders       (1,490)    
Settlements and transfers related to separation from DowDuPont Inc.       0    
Other       (15)    
Total other comprehensive income (loss) $ 450       450  
Treasury stock purchases           0
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Treasury Stock Reissued - compensation and benefit plans           422
Dividends declared per share of common stock $ 2.10          
APIC, Sale of membership interest in Diamond Solutions     1,879      
Dow Inc.’s stockholders’ equity $ 16,008          
Noncontrolling interests 1,514          
Total equity $ 17,522 $ 8 $ 11,112 $ 16,781 $ (7,660) $ (4,233)
v3.25.4
TDCC Consolidated Statements of Income Consolidated Statements of Income - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Net sales $ 39,968 $ 42,964 $ 44,622
Cost of sales 37,435 38,358 39,742
Research and development expenses 752 810 829
Selling, general and administrative expenses 1,392 1,581 1,627
Amortization of intangibles 231 310 324
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net 1,856 103 528
Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates (240) (6) (119)
Sundry income (expense) - net 140 415 (280)
Interest income 152 200 229
Interest expense and amortization of debt discount 865 811 746
Income (loss) before income taxes (2,511) 1,600 656
Provision (credit) for income taxes (67) 399 (4)
Net income (loss) (2,444) 1,201 660
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 179 85 71
Net income (loss) available for The Dow Chemical Company common stockholder (2,623) 1,116 589
The Dow Chemical Company      
Net sales 39,968 42,964 44,622
Cost of sales 37,431 38,346 39,738
Research and development expenses 752 810 829
Selling, general and administrative expenses 1,392 1,581 1,627
Amortization of intangibles 231 310 324
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net 1,856 103 528
Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates (240) (6) (119)
Sundry income (expense) - net 157 404 (327)
Interest income 156 210 239
Interest expense and amortization of debt discount 865 811 746
Income (loss) before income taxes (2,486) 1,611 623
Provision (credit) for income taxes (67) 399 (4)
Net income (loss) (2,419) 1,212 627
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 179 85 71
Net income (loss) available for The Dow Chemical Company common stockholder $ (2,598) $ 1,127 $ 556
v3.25.4
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Net income (loss) $ (2,444) $ 1,201 $ 660
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax      
Unrealized gains on investments 70 10 0
Cumulative translation adjustments 203 (172) 43
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans 191 (234) (609)
Derivative instruments (14) (33) 24
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 450 (429) (542)
Comprehensive income (loss) (1,994) 772 118
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax 179 85 71
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to The Dow Chemical Company (2,173) 687 47
The Dow Chemical Company      
Net income (loss) (2,419) 1,212 627
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax      
Unrealized gains on investments 70 10 0
Cumulative translation adjustments 203 (172) 43
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans 191 (234) (609)
Derivative instruments (14) (33) 24
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 450 (429) (542)
Comprehensive income (loss) (1,969) 783 85
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax 179 85 71
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to The Dow Chemical Company $ (2,148) $ 698 $ 14
v3.25.4
TDCC Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents $ 3,816 $ 2,189
Trade (net of allowance for doubtful receivables - 2025: $59; 2024: $95) 4,762 4,756
Other Receivables 1,876 2,108
Inventories 6,595 6,544
Other current assets 1,013 993
Total current assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $228; 2024: $55) 18,062 16,590
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates 1,264 1,266
Other investments (investments carried at fair value - 2025: $2,212; 2024: $2,047) 3,017 3,033
Noncurrent receivables 309 380
Total investments 4,590 4,679
Property 65,863 62,121
Less: Accumulated depreciation 43,613 40,117
Net property 22,250 22,004
Goodwill 7,978 8,565
Other intangible assets (net of accumulated amortization - 2025: $5,727; 2024: $5,394) 1,486 1,721
Operating lease right-of-use assets 1,356 1,268
Deferred income tax assets 1,511 1,257
Deferred charges and other assets 1,305 1,228
Total other assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $226; 2024: $15) 13,636 14,039
Total Assets 58,538 57,312
Notes payable 90 135
Long-term debt due within one year 222 497
Accounts Payable, Trade 4,151 4,847
Accounts Payable, Other 1,394 1,694
Operating lease liabilities - current 340 318
Income taxes payable 337 276
Accrued and other current liabilities 2,649 2,521
Total current liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $438; 2024: $24) 9,183 10,288
Long-Term Debt (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $190; 2024: $—) 17,849 15,711
Deferred income tax liabilities 364 392
Pension and other postretirement benefits - noncurrent 4,694 4,736
Asbestos-related liabilities - noncurrent 628 713
Operating lease liabilities - noncurrent 1,097 984
Other noncurrent obligations 7,201 6,637
Total other noncurrent liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $364; 2024: $13) 13,984 13,462
Common stock (authorized and issued 100 shares of $0.01 par value each) 8 8
Additional paid-in capital 11,112 9,203
Retained earnings 16,781 20,909
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (7,660) (8,110)
Dow Inc.’s stockholders’ equity 16,008 17,355
Noncontrolling interests 1,514 496
Total equity 17,522 17,851
Total Liabilities and Equity $ 58,538 $ 57,312
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Common stock issued (in shares) 790,287,565 784,471,939
Common stock authorized (in shares) 5,000,000,000 5,000,000,000
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 31 $ 22
Other current assets 253 250
Net property 112 122
Deferred charges and other assets 15 15
Total Assets 411 409
Total current liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $438; 2024: $24) 24 24
Other noncurrent obligations 13 13
The Dow Chemical Company    
Cash and cash equivalents 3,816 2,189
Trade (net of allowance for doubtful receivables - 2025: $59; 2024: $95) 4,762 4,756
Other Receivables 1,880 2,116
Inventories 6,595 6,544
Other current assets 974 960
Total current assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $228; 2024: $55) 18,027 16,565
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates 1,264 1,266
Other investments (investments carried at fair value - 2025: $2,212; 2024: $2,047) 3,017 3,033
Noncurrent receivables 303 374
Total investments 4,584 4,673
Property 65,863 62,121
Less: Accumulated depreciation 43,613 40,117
Net property 22,250 22,004
Goodwill 7,978 8,565
Other intangible assets (net of accumulated amortization - 2025: $5,727; 2024: $5,394) 1,486 1,721
Operating lease right-of-use assets 1,356 1,268
Deferred income tax assets 1,511 1,257
Deferred charges and other assets 1,305 1,228
Total other assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $226; 2024: $15) 13,636 14,039
Total Assets 58,497 57,281
Notes payable 90 135
Long-term debt due within one year 222 497
Accounts Payable, Trade 4,151 4,847
Accounts Payable, Other 1,394 1,732
Operating lease liabilities - current 340 318
Income taxes payable 337 276
Accrued and other current liabilities 2,542 2,405
Total current liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $438; 2024: $24) 9,076 10,210
Long-Term Debt (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $190; 2024: $—) 17,849 15,711
Deferred income tax liabilities 364 392
Pension and other postretirement benefits - noncurrent 4,694 4,736
Asbestos-related liabilities - noncurrent 628 713
Operating lease liabilities - noncurrent 1,097 984
Other noncurrent obligations 7,063 6,503
Total other noncurrent liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $364; 2024: $13) 13,846 13,328
Common stock (authorized and issued 100 shares of $0.01 par value each) 0 0
Additional paid-in capital 11,957 9,626
Retained earnings 11,915 16,020
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (7,660) (8,110)
Dow Inc.’s stockholders’ equity 16,212 17,536
Noncontrolling interests 1,514 496
Total equity 17,726 18,032
Total Liabilities and Equity $ 58,497 $ 57,281
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Common stock issued (in shares) 100 100
Common stock authorized (in shares) 100 100
v3.25.4
TDCC Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Statement - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Net income (loss) $ (2,444) $ 1,201 $ 660
Depreciation and amortization 2,834 2,894 2,611
Provision (Credit) for deferred income tax (341) 135 (1,222)
Earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates less than (in excess of) dividends received 439 348 387
Net periodic pension benefit cost (95) (210) 548
Pension contributions (209) (121) (142)
Net gain on sales of assets, businesses and investments (220) (65) (70)
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net 1,856 103 528
Other net loss 440 239 796
Accounts and notes receivable 73 (224) 1,161
Inventories (52) (529) 844
Accounts payable (999) 278 (734)
Other assets and liabilities, net (220) (1,146) (203)
Cash provided by operating activities - continuing operations 1,032 2,914 5,196
Capital expenditures (2,479) (2,940) (2,356)
Proceeds from incentives related to capital expenditures 145 0 0
Cash flow hedging related to capital expenditures (40) 0 0
Investment in gas field developments (157) (203) (215)
Purchases of previously leased assets 0 0 (7)
Proceeds from sales of property and businesses, net of cash divested 139 234 95
Acquisitions of property and businesses, net of cash acquired 0 (125) (114)
Investments in and loans to nonconsolidated affiliates (32) (28) (5)
Distributions and loan repayments from nonconsolidated affiliates 0 0 2
Proceeds from Sale of Equity Method Investments 125 0 63
Purchases of investments (881) (1,809) (2,288)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments 1,022 2,536 1,958
Other investing activities, net 32 (33) (61)
Cash provided by (used for) investing activities (2,126) (2,368) (2,928)
Changes in short-term notes payable (5) (61) (249)
Proceeds from Short-term Debt, Maturing in More than Three Months 64 143 0
Repayments of Short-term Debt, Maturing in More than Three Months (63) (17) 0
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt 2,778 1,467 104
Payments on long-term debt (1,461) (267) (446)
Proceeds from (Repayments of) Accounts Receivable Securitization (9) (9) 18
Proceeds from issuance of parent company stock 85 166 188
Transaction financing, debt issuance and other costs (137) (14) (2)
Employee taxes paid for share-based payment arrangements (18) (39) (42)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests (173) (77) (89)
Proceeds from Noncontrolling Interests 2,943 0 0
Dividends paid to stockholders (1,490) (1,966) (1,972)
Other financing activities, net (6) 0 0
Cash used for financing activities 2,508 (1,168) (3,115)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 275 (163) (45)
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 1,689 (785) (892)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year 2,263 3,048 3,940
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year 3,952 2,263 3,048
Less: Restricted cash and cash equivalents, included in Other current assets 136 74 61
Cash and cash equivalents 3,816 2,189 2,987
The Dow Chemical Company      
Net income (loss) (2,419) 1,212 627
Depreciation and amortization 2,834 2,894 2,611
Provision (Credit) for deferred income tax (341) 135 (1,222)
Earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates less than (in excess of) dividends received 439 348 387
Net periodic pension benefit cost (95) (210) 548
Pension contributions (209) (121) (142)
Net gain on sales of assets, businesses and investments (220) (65) (70)
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net 1,856 103 528
Other net loss 442 252 797
Accounts and notes receivable 73 (224) 1,161
Inventories (52) (529) 844
Accounts payable (999) 278 (734)
Other assets and liabilities, net (264) (1,134) (226)
Cash provided by operating activities - continuing operations 1,045 2,939 5,109
Capital expenditures (2,479) (2,940) (2,356)
Proceeds from incentives related to capital expenditures 145 0 0
Cash flow hedging related to capital expenditures (40) 0 0
Investment in gas field developments (157) (203) (215)
Purchases of previously leased assets 0 0 (7)
Proceeds from sales of property and businesses, net of cash divested 139 234 95
Acquisitions of property and businesses, net of cash acquired 0 (125) (114)
Investments in and loans to nonconsolidated affiliates (32) (28) (5)
Distributions and loan repayments from nonconsolidated affiliates 0 0 2
Proceeds from Sale of Equity Method Investments 125 0 63
Purchases of investments (881) (1,809) (2,288)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments 1,022 2,536 1,958
Other investing activities, net 32 (33) (61)
Cash provided by (used for) investing activities (2,126) (2,368) (2,928)
Changes in short-term notes payable (5) (61) (249)
Proceeds from Short-term Debt, Maturing in More than Three Months 64 143 0
Repayments of Short-term Debt, Maturing in More than Three Months (63) (17) 0
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt 2,778 1,467 104
Payments on long-term debt (1,461) (267) (446)
Proceeds from (Repayments of) Accounts Receivable Securitization (9) (9) 18
Proceeds from issuance of parent company stock 85 166 188
Transaction financing, debt issuance and other costs (137) (14) (2)
Employee taxes paid for share-based payment arrangements (18) (39) (42)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests (173) (77) (89)
Proceeds from Noncontrolling Interests 2,943 0 0
Dividends paid to stockholders (1,503) (2,485) (2,510)
Other financing activities, net (6) 0 0
Cash used for financing activities 2,495 (1,193) (3,028)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 275 (163) (45)
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 1,689 (785) (892)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year 2,263 3,048 3,940
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year 3,952 2,263 3,048
Less: Restricted cash and cash equivalents, included in Other current assets 136 74 61
Cash and cash equivalents $ 3,816 $ 2,189 $ 2,987
v3.25.4
TDCC Consolidated Statements of Equity Statement - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Total
Common Stock
Add'l Paid-in Capital
Retained Earnings [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The Dow Chemical Company
The Dow Chemical Company
Common Stock
The Dow Chemical Company
Add'l Paid-in Capital
The Dow Chemical Company
Retained Earnings [Member]
The Dow Chemical Company
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Dow Inc. [Member]
The Dow Chemical Company
Add'l Paid-in Capital
Dow Inc. [Member]
The Dow Chemical Company
Retained Earnings [Member]
Total equity   $ 8 $ 8,540 $ 23,180 $ (7,139)   $ 0 $ 8,627 $ 19,472 $ (7,139)    
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022   8 8,540 23,180 (7,139)   0 8,627 19,472 (7,139)    
Issuance of parent company stock                     $ 188  
Stock-based compensation and allocation of ESOP shares     276         276        
Other       23       0 (23)      
Net Income (Loss)       589         556      
Dividends to parent                       $ (2,510)
Other comprehensive income (loss) $ (542)       (542)         (542)    
APIC, Sale of membership interest in Diamond Solutions     0         0        
Dow Inc.’s stockholders’ equity 18,607         $ 18,905            
Noncontrolling interests 501         501            
Total equity 19,108 8 8,880 21,774 (7,681) 19,406 0 9,091 17,495 (7,681)    
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023 19,108 8 8,880 21,774 (7,681) 19,406 0 9,091 17,495 (7,681)    
Issuance of parent company stock                     166  
Stock-based compensation and allocation of ESOP shares     370         370        
Other       25       (1) (24)      
Net Income (Loss)       1,116         1,127      
Dividends to parent                       (2,578)
Other comprehensive income (loss) (429)       (429)         (429)    
APIC, Sale of membership interest in Diamond Solutions     0         0        
Dow Inc.’s stockholders’ equity 17,355         17,536            
Noncontrolling interests 496         496            
Total equity 17,851 8 9,203 20,909 (8,110) 18,032 0 9,626 16,020 (8,110)    
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2024 17,851 8 9,203 20,909 (8,110) 18,032 0 9,626 16,020 (8,110)    
Issuance of parent company stock                     $ 85  
Stock-based compensation and allocation of ESOP shares     367         367        
Other       15       0 (16)      
Net Income (Loss)       (2,623)         (2,598)      
Dividends to parent                       $ (1,491)
Other comprehensive income (loss) 450       450         450    
APIC, Sale of membership interest in Diamond Solutions     1,879         1,879        
Dow Inc.’s stockholders’ equity 16,008         16,212            
Noncontrolling interests 1,514         1,514            
Total equity $ 17,522 $ 8 $ 11,112 $ 16,781 $ (7,660) $ 17,726 $ 0 $ 11,957 $ 11,915 $ (7,660)    
v3.25.4
TDCC Consolidated Balance Sheets Parentheticals - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Investments carried at fair value $ 2,212 $ 2,047
Other intangible assets, accumulated amortization $ 5,727 $ 5,394
Common stock authorized (in shares) 5,000,000,000 5,000,000,000
Common stock issued (in shares) 790,287,565 784,471,939
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Total current assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $228; 2024: $55) $ 18,062 $ 16,590
The Dow Chemical Company    
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss 59 95
Investments carried at fair value 2,212 2,047
Other intangible assets, accumulated amortization $ 5,727 $ 5,394
Common stock authorized (in shares) 100 100
Common stock issued (in shares) 100 100
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Total current assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $228; 2024: $55) $ 18,027 $ 16,565
v3.25.4
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Dow Inc. and TDCC were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of all majority-owned subsidiaries over which Dow exercises control and, when applicable, entities for which Dow has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. Intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation. Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates (20-50 percent owned companies or less than 20 percent owned companies over which significant influence is exercised) are primarily accounted for using the equity method.

Dow Inc. owns all of the outstanding common shares of TDCC. As a result of the parent/subsidiary relationship between Dow Inc. and TDCC, and considering that the financial statements and disclosures of each company are substantially similar, the companies are filing a combined report for this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The information reflected in the report is equally applicable to both Dow Inc. and TDCC, except where otherwise noted. Transactions between TDCC and Dow Inc. are treated as related party transactions for TDCC. See Note 24 for additional information.

The Company conducts its worldwide operations through six global businesses which are organized into the following operating segments: Packaging & Specialty Plastics, Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure and Performance Materials & Coatings. Corporate contains the reconciliation between the totals for the operating segments and the Company's totals. See Note 25 for additional information.
Except as otherwise indicated by the context, the term "Union Carbide" means Union Carbide Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Additionally, the term "Diamond Infrastructure Solutions" means Dow InfraCo, LLC, an entity that owns and operates infrastructure assets at certain Dow locations on the U.S. Gulf Coast and became a consolidated variable interest entity on May 1, 2025. See Notes 18 and 23 for additional information about Diamond Infrastructure Solutions.

Use of Estimates in Financial Statement Preparation
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s consolidated financial statements include amounts that are based on management’s best estimates and judgments. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Significant Accounting Policies
Asbestos-Related Matters
Accruals for asbestos-related matters, including defense and processing costs, are recorded based on an analysis of claim and resolution activity, defense spending, and pending and future claims. These accruals are assessed at each balance sheet date to determine if the asbestos-related liability remains appropriate. Accruals for asbestos-related matters are included in the consolidated balance sheets in “Accrued and other current liabilities” and “Asbestos-related liabilities - noncurrent.” See Note 15 for additional information.

Legal Costs
The Company expenses legal costs as incurred, with the exception of defense and processing costs associated with asbestos-related matters.

Foreign Currency Translation
The local currency has been primarily used as the functional currency throughout the world. Translation gains and losses of those operations that use local currency as the functional currency are included in the consolidated balance sheets in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" ("AOCL"). For certain subsidiaries, the U.S. dollar is used as the functional currency. This occurs when the subsidiary operates in an economic environment where the products produced and sold are tied to U.S. dollar-denominated markets, or when the foreign subsidiary operates in a hyper-inflationary environment. Where the U.S. dollar is used as the functional currency, foreign currency translation gains and losses are reflected in income.

Environmental Matters
Accruals for environmental matters are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated based on current law and existing technologies. These accruals are adjusted periodically as assessment and remediation efforts progress or as additional technical or legal information becomes available. Accruals for environmental liabilities are included in the consolidated balance sheets in “Accrued and other current liabilities” and “Other noncurrent obligations” at undiscounted amounts. Accruals for related insurance or other third-party recoveries for environmental liabilities are recorded when it is probable that a recovery will be realized and are included in the consolidated balance sheets in “Accounts and notes receivable - Other” or "Noncurrent receivables."

Environmental costs are capitalized if the costs extend the life of the property, increase its capacity and/or mitigate or prevent contamination from future operations. Environmental costs are also capitalized in recognition of legal asset retirement obligations resulting from the acquisition, construction and/or normal operation of a long-lived asset. Costs related to environmental contamination treatment and cleanup are charged to expense. Estimated future incremental operations, maintenance and management costs directly related to remediation are accrued when such costs are probable and reasonably estimable.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include time deposits and investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase.

Financial Instruments
The Company calculates the fair value of financial instruments using quoted market prices when available. When quoted market prices are not available for financial instruments, the Company uses standard pricing models with market-based inputs that take into account the present value of estimated future cash flows.
The Company utilizes derivatives to manage exposures to foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and interest rate risk. The fair values of all derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities at the balance sheet date. Changes in the fair values of these instruments are reported in income or AOCL, depending on the use of the derivative and whether the Company has elected hedge accounting treatment.

Gains and losses on derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedging instruments are recorded in AOCL until the underlying transactions are recognized in income. Gains and losses on derivative and non-derivative instruments used as hedges of the Company’s net investment in foreign operations are recorded in AOCL as part of the cumulative translation adjustment.

Gains and losses on derivatives designated and qualifying as fair value hedging instruments, as well as the offsetting losses and gains on the hedged items, are reported in income in the same accounting period. Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are marked-to-market at the end of each accounting period with the results included in income.

Accounts Receivable Programs
The Company maintains accounts receivable securitization and discounting facilities with various financial institutions, which allow for the sale of eligible trade accounts receivable at any point in time. The securitized accounts receivable are isolated in wholly owned special purpose entities and support the securities issued by those entities. The Company derecognizes the eligible trade receivables upon sale and retains no interest in the sold trade receivables. The Company continues to service the trade receivables and remit payments received from customers to the financial institutions. Amounts collected from customers but not yet remitted to the applicable financial institution are included in “Accrued and other current liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets. When previously sold trade receivables are repurchased, they are included in “Accounts and notes receivable – Other” in the consolidated balance sheets. See Note 13 for additional information.

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The method of determining cost for each subsidiary varies among last-in, first-out (“LIFO”); first-in, first-out (“FIFO”); and average cost, and is used consistently from year to year. See Note 9 for additional information.

The Company routinely utilizes exchange, swap and tolling arrangements with other companies for raw materials and finished goods to increase sourcing options, shorten delivery times and reduce freight and other transportation costs. These transactions are treated as nonmonetary exchanges and are valued at cost.

Property
Land, buildings and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation or amortization. Property under finance lease agreements is carried at the present value of lease payments over the lease term less accumulated amortization. Depreciation is based on the estimated service lives of depreciable assets and is calculated using the straight-line method. Fully depreciated assets are retained in property and accumulated depreciation accounts until they are disposed. In the case of disposals, assets and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and the net amounts, less proceeds from disposal, are included in income.

Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets
The Company evaluates long-lived assets (property, finite-lived intangible assets and lease right-of-use assets) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When undiscounted future cash flows are not expected to be sufficient to recover an asset’s carrying amount, the asset is written down to its fair value based on bids received from third parties or a discounted cash flow analysis based on market participant assumptions.

Long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale, if material, are classified as held for sale and reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell, and depreciation/amortization is ceased. Long-lived assets to be disposed of other than by sale are classified as held and used until they are disposed of and reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value, and depreciation/amortization is recognized over the remaining useful life of the assets.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The Company records goodwill when the purchase price of a business combination exceeds the estimated fair value of net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit has more likely than not declined below its carrying value. When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company may first assess qualitative factors. If an initial qualitative assessment identifies that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, additional quantitative testing is performed. The Company may also elect to skip the qualitative testing and proceed directly to the quantitative testing. If the quantitative testing indicates that goodwill is impaired, an impairment charge is recognized based on the difference between the reporting unit's carrying value and its fair value. The Company primarily utilizes a discounted cash flow methodology to calculate the fair value of its reporting units.

Finite-lived intangible assets, such as developed technology, customer-related assets, trademarks, tradenames and software, are amortized over their estimated useful lives, generally on a straight-line basis for periods ranging primarily from 3 to 20 years.

Asset Retirement Obligations
The Company records asset retirement obligations as incurred and reasonably estimable, including obligations for which the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the Company. The fair values of obligations are recorded as liabilities on a discounted basis and are accreted over time for the change in present value. Costs associated with the liabilities are capitalized and amortized over the estimated remaining useful life of the assets.

Investments
Investments in debt securities, primarily held by the Company's insurance operations, are classified as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity. Investments classified as trading are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses related to mark-to-market adjustments included in income. Those classified as available-for-sale are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in AOCL. Those classified as held-to-maturity are recorded at amortized cost. The cost of investments sold is determined by FIFO or specific identification.

Investments in equity securities with a readily determinable fair value are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses related to mark-to-market adjustments included in income. Equity securities without a readily determinable fair value are accounted for at cost, adjusted for impairments and observable price changes in orderly transactions.

The Company routinely reviews its investments for declines in fair value below the cost basis. When events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable, the security is written down, establishing a new cost basis.

Leases
The Company determines whether a contract contains a lease at contract inception. A contract contains a lease if there is an identified asset and the Company has the right to control the asset.

Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses the incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of lease payments, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. If lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease, the ROU asset and lease liability are measured based on the reasonably certain decision. Leases with a term of 12 months or less at the commencement date are not recognized on the balance sheet and are expensed as incurred.

The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for as a single lease component for nearly all classes of leased assets for which the Company is the lessee. Additionally, for certain equipment leases, the portfolio approach is applied to account for the operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities. In the consolidated statements of income, lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For finance leases, interest expense is recognized on the lease liability and the ROU asset is amortized over the lease term.
Some leasing arrangements require variable payments that are dependent upon usage or output, or may vary for other reasons, such as insurance or tax payments. Variable lease payments are recognized as incurred and are not presented as part of the ROU asset or lease liability. See Note 16 for additional information.

Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition, the Company performs the following five steps: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. See Note 3 for additional information.

Revenue related to the Company's insurance operations includes third-party insurance premiums, which are earned over the terms of the related insurance policies and reinsurance contracts.

Severance Costs
The Company routinely reviews its operations around the world in an effort to ensure competitiveness across its businesses and geographic regions. When the reviews result in a workforce reduction related to the shutdown of facilities or other optimization activities, severance benefits are provided to employees primarily under the Company’s ongoing benefit arrangements. These severance costs are accrued once management commits to a plan of termination and it becomes probable that employees will be entitled to benefits at amounts that can be reasonably estimated.

Government Assistance
The Company receives grants, subsidies and incentives (collectively "incentives") from governments in various jurisdictions in support of its operations and capital projects. The incentives are recorded when it is probable that the Company will comply with the terms and conditions attached to the incentives and that the incentives will be received. Incentives are recognized on a systematic basis over the periods in which the related cost or expenditures occur and are included in the Company's financial statements as reductions of "Cost of sales" or "Research and development expenses" in the Company’s consolidated statements of income. Incentives related to capital expenditures are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets as a reduction of “Property” when the incentives have met the criteria described above and the Company incurs the related costs. See Note 6 for additional information.

Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets or liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company uses the portfolio approach for releasing income tax effects from AOCL.

The Company recognizes the financial statement effects of an uncertain income tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. The Company accrues for other tax contingencies when it is probable that a liability to a taxing authority has been incurred and the amount of the contingency can be reasonably estimated. The current portion of uncertain income tax positions is included in “Income taxes payable” and the long-term portion is included in “Other noncurrent obligations” in the consolidated balance sheets.

Provision is made for taxes on undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries and related companies to the extent that such earnings are not deemed to be permanently invested.

Earnings per Common Share
The calculation of earnings per common share is based on the weighted-average number of the Company's common shares outstanding for the applicable period. The calculation of diluted earnings per common share reflects the effect of all potential common shares that were outstanding during the respective periods, unless the effect of doing so is antidilutive.

TDCC Dividends
TDCC is a wholly owned subsidiary of Dow Inc. and TDCC's Board of Directors determines whether or not there will be a dividend distribution to Dow Inc. See Notes 17 and 24 for additional information.
v3.25.4
RECENT ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Abstract]  
RECENT ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE RECENT ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE
Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance
In the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company prospectively adopted the annual disclosure requirements of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures." The amendments in this ASU require a public business entity to disclose a tabular tax rate reconciliation, using both percentages and currency, with specific categories. A public business entity is also required to provide a qualitative description of the states and local jurisdictions that make up the majority of the effect of the state and local income tax category and the net amount of income taxes paid, disaggregated by federal, state and foreign taxes and also disaggregated by individual jurisdictions. The amendments also remove certain disclosures that are no longer considered cost beneficial. See Notes 6 and 7 for applicable income tax-related disclosures required by this guidance.

Accounting Guidance Issued But Not Adopted at December 31, 2025
In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2024-03, "Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses," which is intended to improve disclosures about a public business entity's expenses and address requests from investors for more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. Such information should allow investors to better understand an entity's performance, assess future cash flows, and compare performance over time and with other entities. The amendments will require public business entities to disclose in the notes to the financial statements, at each interim and annual reporting period, specific information about certain costs and expenses, including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization included in each expense caption presented on the face of the income statement, and the total amount of an entity's selling expenses. The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and may be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. While the adoption of ASU 2024-03 will result in enhanced disclosures, the Company does not expect it will have a material impact on its financial condition or results of operations.

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software," which is intended to modernize the accounting for the costs of internal-use software given the evolution of software development to the incremental and iterative development method. The amendments remove all references to prescriptive and sequential development stages and, instead, require an entity to start capitalizing software costs when management has authorized and committed to funding the software project, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform the function intended. The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual reporting period with the amendments to be applied using a prospective, modified or retrospective transition approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on the consolidated financial statements.

In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-10, "Government Grants (Topic 832): Accounting for Government Grants Received by Business Entities," which is intended to establish authoritative guidance on the accounting for government grants received by business entities and reduce diversity in practice. The amendments establish the timing and methods of recognition of both (1) a grant related to an asset and (2) a grant related to income. The amendments also require certain disclosures including the nature of the grant received, the accounting policies used to account for the grant, and significant terms and conditions for the grant. The amendments are effective for public business entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2028, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual reporting period with the amendments to be applied using a modified prospective, modified retrospective or retrospective transition approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on the consolidated financial statements.
v3.25.4
REVENUE (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
REVENUE REVENUE
The majority of the Company's revenue is derived from product sales. In 2025, 97 percent of the Company's revenue related to product sales (98 percent in 2024 and 2023). The remaining sales were primarily related to the Company's insurance operations and licensing of patents and technologies.

Disaggregation of Revenue
Dow disaggregates its revenue from contracts with customers by operating segment and business, as the Company believes it best depicts the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows. See details in the tables below:

Net Trade Sales by Segment and Business202520242023
In millions
Hydrocarbons & Energy$5,376 $5,759 $6,566 
Packaging and Specialty Plastics14,594 16,017 16,583 
Packaging & Specialty Plastics$19,970 $21,776 $23,149 
Industrial Solutions$4,036 $4,179 $4,207 
Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals7,110 7,675 8,316 
Others17 15 15 
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure$11,163 $11,869 $12,538 
Coatings & Performance Monomers$3,215 $3,492 $3,337 
Consumer Solutions4,919 5,082 5,160 
Performance Materials & Coatings$8,134 $8,574 $8,497 
Corporate$701 $745 $438 
Total$39,968 $42,964 $44,622 

Net Trade Sales by Geographic Region202520242023
In millions
U.S. & Canada$15,806 $16,423 $16,640 
EMEAI 1
12,589 13,958 14,537 
Asia Pacific7,219 7,707 8,266 
Latin America4,354 4,876 5,179 
Total$39,968 $42,964 $44,622 
1. Europe, Middle East, Africa and India.

Product Sales
Product sales consist of sales of the Company's products to manufacturers and distributors. The Company considers order confirmations or purchase orders, which in some cases are governed by master supply agreements, to be contracts with a customer. Product sale contracts are generally short-term contracts where the time between order confirmation and satisfaction of all performance obligations is less than one year. However, the Company has some long-term contracts which can span multiple years.

Revenues from product sales are recognized when the customer obtains control of the product, which occurs at a point in time, usually upon shipment, with payment terms typically in the range of 30 to 60 days after invoicing, depending on business and geographic region. When the Company performs shipping and handling activities after the transfer of control to the customer (e.g., when control transfers prior to shipment), these are considered fulfillment activities, and accordingly, the costs are accrued when the related revenue is recognized. Taxes collected from customers relating to product sales and remitted to governmental authorities are excluded from revenues. The Company elected to use the practical expedient to expense cash and non-cash sales incentives, as the amortization period for the costs to obtain the contract would have been one year or less.
Certain long-term contracts include a series of distinct goods that are delivered continuously to the customer through a pipeline (e.g., feedstocks). For these types of product sales, the Company invoices the customer in an amount that directly corresponds with the value to the customer of the Company’s performance to date. As a result, the Company recognizes revenue based on the amount billable to the customer in accordance with the right to invoice practical expedient.

The transaction price includes estimates for reductions in revenue from customer rebates and right of returns on product sales. These amounts are estimated based upon the most likely amount of consideration to which the customer will be entitled. All estimates are based on historical experience, anticipated performance and the Company’s best judgment at the time to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue recognized will not occur. All estimates for variable consideration are reassessed periodically. The Company elected the practical expedient to not adjust the amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component for all instances in which the period between payment and transfer of the goods will be one year or less.

For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling price. The standalone selling price is the observable price which depicts the price as if sold to a similar customer in similar circumstances.

Patents, Trademarks and Licenses
The Company enters into licensing arrangements in which it licenses certain rights of its patents and technology to customers. Revenue from the majority of the Company’s licenses for patents and technology is derived from sales-based royalties and licensing arrangements. The Company estimates the amount of sales-based royalties it expects to be entitled to based on historical sales to the customer. For the revenue related to licensing arrangements, payments are typically received from the Company's licensees based on billing schedules established in each contract. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied.

Remaining Performance Obligations
Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price allocated to unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations. At December 31, 2025, the Company had unfulfilled performance obligations of $617 million ($759 million at December 31, 2024) related to the licensing of technology and expects revenue to be recognized for the remaining performance obligations over the next five years.

The Company has additional remaining performance obligations for product sales that have expected durations of one year or less, product sales of materials delivered through a pipeline for which the Company has elected the "right to invoice" practical expedient, and variable consideration attributable to royalties for licenses of patents and technology. The Company has received advance payments from customers related to long-term supply agreements that are deferred and recognized over the life of the contract, with remaining contract terms that range up to 18 years. The Company will have rights to future consideration for revenue recognized when product is delivered to the customer. These payments are included in "Accrued and other current liabilities" and "Other noncurrent obligations" in the consolidated balance sheets.

Contract Assets and Liabilities
The Company receives payments from customers based upon contractual billing schedules. Accounts receivable are recorded when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. Contract assets include amounts related to the Company’s contractual right to consideration for completed performance obligations not yet invoiced. Contract liabilities include payments received in advance of performance under the contract and are recognized in revenue when the performance obligations are met. "Contract liabilities - current" primarily reflects deferred revenue from prepayments from customers for product to be delivered in 12 months or less and royalty payments that are deferred and will be recognized in 12 months or less. "Contract liabilities - noncurrent" includes advance payments that the Company has received from customers related to long-term supply agreements and royalty payments that are deferred and recognized over the life of the contract.

Revenue recognized in 2025 from amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period was approximately $235 million (approximately $190 million in 2024 and $315 million in 2023). In 2025 and 2024, the amount of contract assets reclassified to receivables as a result of the right to the transaction consideration becoming unconditional was insignificant. The Company did not recognize any asset impairment charges related to contract assets in 2025 (no impairment charges in 2024 and 2023).
The following table summarizes contract assets and liabilities at December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Contract Assets and Liabilities at Dec 31Balance Sheet Classification20252024
In millions
Accounts and notes receivable - tradeAccounts and notes receivable - trade$4,762 $4,756 
Contract assets - noncurrentDeferred charges and other assets$— $
Contract liabilities - currentAccrued and other current liabilities$221 $244 
Contract liabilities - noncurrent 1
Other noncurrent obligations$1,727 $1,480 
1.The increase from December 31, 2024 to December 31, 2025 was primarily due to advance payments on long-term supply agreements.
v3.25.4
ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]  
Mergers, Acquisitions and Dispositions Disclosures [Text Block] ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
Acquisition of North American Polyethylene Recycler
On August 1, 2024, the Company acquired Circulus Holdings, LLC, a U.S. mechanical recycling company that converts plastic waste into post-consumer resin, for a cash purchase of approximately $130 million. The acquisition included two facilities in the United States with a total recycling capacity of 50,000 metric tons per year and supports Dow's efforts to transform plastic waste and other forms of alternative feedstocks into 3 million metric tons of circular and renewable solutions annually by 2030. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of the acquisition were recorded at their estimated fair value as of the acquisition date and consisted primarily of property of $74 million and intangible assets, primarily technology and know-how, of $22 million, with the excess of purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired of $37 million allocated to goodwill.

Divestiture of the Flexible Packaging Laminating Adhesives Business
On December 2, 2024, the Company sold its flexible packaging laminating adhesives business to Arkema S.A. for cash proceeds of $115 million, net of working capital adjustments, costs to sell and other transaction expenses and subject to customary post-closing adjustments. The divestiture included five manufacturing sites in the United States, Italy and Mexico as well as the associated inventory, customer contracts and lists, process technology and certain intellectual property. Divested assets included inventory of $51 million, property with a net book value of $51 million, and goodwill of $16 million. The Company recognized a pretax gain of $1 million, included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income. Prior to the sale, the Company recognized impairment charges related to write-downs of certain manufacturing assets included in this divestiture. See Notes 5 and 22 for additional information.

Divestiture of Soil Fumigation Product Line
On May 1, 2025, the Company sold its TeloneTM soil fumigation product line and certain related assets to TriCal Soil Solutions, Inc. ("TriCal"), a distributor and applicator of soil fumigation products, for cash proceeds of $121 million, net of costs to sell and other transaction expenses and subject to customary post-closing adjustments. Under the sale and purchase agreement, Dow retained ownership of the related production assets, which are leased to TriCal as part of a toll manufacturing arrangement that directs the Company to manufacture and deliver certain products to TriCal. These asset leases are classified as operating leases. Dow and TriCal also entered into a site services agreement related to certain services the Company will provide to TriCal at its site in Stade, Germany. Divested assets included property with a net book value of $5 million and goodwill of $10 million. The Company recognized a pretax gain of $103 million, included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure.

Divestiture of Investment in DowAksa
On August 8, 2025, the Company sold its ownership interest in DowAksa Advanced Composites Holdings BV ("DowAksa"), a nonconsolidated affiliate, to its joint venture partner, Aksa Akrilik Kimya Sanayii A.Ş., for cash proceeds of $121 million, net of costs to sell and other transaction expenses and subject to customary post-closing adjustments. The Company's investment balance in DowAksa was $11 million and the Company recognized a pretax gain of $110 million, included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Corporate.

The Company evaluated the divestitures of its flexible packaging laminating adhesives business, its soil fumigation product line and its investment in DowAksa and determined they did not represent strategic shifts that had a major effect on the Company’s operations and financial results and did not qualify as individually significant components of the Company. As a result, the divestitures were not reported as discontinued operations.
v3.25.4
RESTRUCTURING, GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT AND ASSET RELATED CHARGES - NET (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
RESTRUCTURING, GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT AND ASSET RELATED CHARGES - NET RESTRUCTURING, GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT AND ASSET RELATED CHARGES - NET
The "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" line in the consolidated statements of income is used to record charges for restructuring programs, goodwill impairments and other asset related charges.

Restructuring Programs
2025 Restructuring Program
On January 27, 2025, the Dow Inc. Board of Directors ("Board") approved targeted actions to further achieve the Company's cost reduction initiatives in response to ongoing macroeconomic uncertainty, while reinforcing its long-term competitiveness across the economic cycle. The actions include a workforce reduction of approximately 1,500 roles. As a result of these actions, in the first quarter of 2025, the Company recorded pretax charges of $207 million for severance and related benefits costs. In the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company recorded additional pretax charges of $28 million for severance and related benefits costs. The impact of these charges is included in "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" in the consolidated statements of income, related to Corporate. These actions are expected to be substantially complete by the end of 2026.

On June 30, 2025, the Board approved restructuring actions to rationalize the Company's global asset footprint, including certain actions identified as part of the Company's previously announced strategic review of its European assets and certain corporate and other assets, and to enhance the Company's competitiveness over the economic cycle. The program includes asset write-down and write-off charges, severance and related benefit costs and other exit and disposal costs. As a result of these actions, in the second quarter of 2025, the Company recorded pretax restructuring charges of $591 million, consisting of severance and related benefit costs of $154 million, asset write-downs and write-offs of $334 million and costs associated with exit and disposal activities of $103 million. In the third quarter of 2025, the Company recorded additional pretax restructuring charges of $23 million, consisting of asset write-downs and write-offs of $8 million and costs associated with exit and disposal activities of $15 million. In the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company recorded additional pretax restructuring charges of $13 million, consisting of asset write-down and write-offs of $7 million and costs associated with exit and disposal activities of $6 million. The impact of these charges is included in "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" in the consolidated statements of income. See Note 22 for additional information on nonrecurring fair value measurements. The following table summarizes the activities related to the 2025 Restructuring Program, including segment information:

2025 Restructuring ProgramSeverance and Related Benefit CostsAsset Write-downs and Write-offsCosts Associated with Exit and Disposal ActivitiesTotal
In millions
Packaging & Specialty Plastics$— $88 $77 $165 
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure— 64 31 95 
Performance Materials & Coatings— 150 — 150 
Corporate389 47 16 452 
Total restructuring charges$389 $349 $124 $862 
Charges against the reserve 1
— (349)(124)(473)
Cash payments(126)— — (126)
Reserve balance at Dec 31, 2025$263 $— $— $263 
1.Costs associated with exit and disposal activities relate to asset retirement obligations and pension benefit settlement costs.

At December 31, 2025, $123 million of the restructuring reserve balance was included in "Accrued and other current liabilities" and $140 million was included in "Other noncurrent obligations" in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company recorded pretax restructuring charges of $862 million inception-to-date under the 2025 Restructuring Program, consisting of severance and related benefit costs of $389 million, asset write-downs and write-offs of $349 million, and costs associated with exit and disposal activities of $124 million.

Restructuring implementation costs, primarily decommissioning and demolition activities related to asset actions and costs associated with the Company's restructuring actions, are expected to result in additional cash expenditures of approximately $200 million. Restructuring implementation costs totaled $53 million in 2025.
Severance and Related Benefit Costs
Severance benefits are provided to employees primarily under Dow's ongoing benefit arrangements and are accrued against the Corporate segment once management commits to a plan of termination. The 2025 Restructuring Program included charges for severance and related benefit costs of $389 million. At December 31, 2025, $126 million in severance payments had been made.

Asset Write-downs and Write-offs
The 2025 Restructuring Program included charges related to the write-down and write-off of assets totaling $349 million. Details regarding the asset write-downs and write-offs are as follows:

Packaging & Specialty Plastics recorded a charge to rationalize its global asset footprint by shutting down an ethylene facility in Böhlen, Germany, by the end of 2027.
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure recorded a charge to primarily rationalize its global asset footprint by shutting down certain chlor-alkali and vinyl assets in Schkopau, Germany, by the end of 2027.
Performance Materials & Coatings recorded a charge to primarily rationalize its global asset footprint by shutting down a basics siloxanes plant in Barry, United Kingdom, by mid-year 2026.
Corporate recorded charges related to the write-down of certain Company owned and leased non-manufacturing facilities and other assets.

Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities
In 2025, the Company accrued additional asset retirement obligations of $105 million and wrote off related deferred asset charges associated with the asset shutdowns noted above, resulting in total restructuring charges of $108 million. See Note 15 for additional information related to the Company’s asset retirement obligations.

The 2025 Restructuring Program also included pretax charges of $16 million for net pension benefit settlement costs related to participants of a pension plan in Europe that were impacted by the restructuring program.

It is reasonably possible the Company will incur approximately $60 million of future charges related to costs associated with exit and disposal activities.

In addition, the Company is assessing potential environmental remediation activities associated with the asset actions noted above, which could result in additional charges and cash payments in the future. The Company intends to continue operating other assets at the sites impacted by these actions.

2023 Restructuring Program
On January 25, 2023, the Board approved restructuring actions to achieve the Company's structural cost improvement initiatives in response to the continued economic impact from the global recessionary environment and to enhance its agility and long-term competitiveness across the economic cycle. As a result of these actions the Company recorded pretax restructuring charges of $541 million in the first quarter of 2023, additional pretax restructuring charges of $8 million in the second quarter of 2023, and a $14 million net credit adjustment in the fourth quarter of 2023.

In the first quarter of 2024, the Company recorded additional pretax restructuring charges of $8 million for asset write-downs and write-offs related to the shutdown of certain polyurethanes assets within the Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure segment. In the third quarter of 2024, the Company recorded additional pretax restructuring charges of $7 million for asset write-downs and write-offs related to the shutdown of certain silicones assets within the Performance Materials & Coatings segment. The facilities impacted by both of these charges were shutdown by the end of 2025. Additionally, the Company recorded a pretax restructuring charge of $16 million for severance and related benefit costs and a pretax restructuring charge of $1 million for additional asset write-downs and write-offs, related to Corporate. In the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company recorded a pretax restructuring charge of $25 million for severance and related benefit costs and a pretax restructuring charge of $9 million for costs associated with exit and disposal activities, related to Corporate.

In the first quarter of 2025, the Company recorded an additional pretax restructuring charge of $5 million for asset write-downs and write-offs and an asset related credit adjustment of $4 million, included in "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" in the consolidated statements of income, related to Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure. See Note 22 for additional information on nonrecurring fair value measurements.
Restructuring implementation and efficiency costs totaled $50 million in 2025 ($230 million in 2024). Actions related to the 2023 Restructuring Program were complete at the end of the second quarter of 2025.

The following table summarizes the activities related to the 2023 Restructuring Program, including segment information:

2023 Restructuring ProgramSeverance and Related Benefit CostsAsset Write-downs and Write-offsCosts Associated with Exit and Disposal ActivitiesTotal
In millions
Packaging & Specialty Plastics$— $$— $
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure— 50 — 50 
Performance Materials & Coatings— 49 — 49 
Corporate344 91 — 435 
Total restructuring charges$344 $191 $— $535 
Charges against the reserve— (191)— (191)
Cash payments(222)— — (222)
Reserve balance at Dec 31, 2023$122 $— $— $122 
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure— — 
Performance Materials & Coatings— — 
Corporate41 51 
Total restructuring charges$41 $16 $$66 
Charges against the reserve 1
— (16)(9)(25)
Cash payments(103)— — (103)
Reserve balance at Dec 31, 2024 2
$60 $— $— $60 
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure$— $$— $
Total restructuring charges$— $$— $
Charges against the reserve— (1)— (1)
Cash payments(60)— — (60)
Reserve balance at Dec 31, 2025$— $— $— $— 
1.Costs associated with exit and disposal activities relate to pension benefit settlement costs.
2.The reserve balance at December 31, 2024 was included in "Accrued and other current liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company recorded pretax restructuring charges of $602 million inception-to-date under the 2023 Restructuring Program, consisting of severance and related benefit costs of $385 million, asset write-downs and write-offs of $208 million, and costs associated with exit and disposal activities of $9 million.

Severance and Related Benefit Costs
Severance benefits are provided to employees primarily under Dow's ongoing benefit arrangements and are accrued against the Corporate segment once management commits to a plan of termination. The 2023 Restructuring Program included charges for severance and related benefit costs of $385 million for a global workforce reduction of approximately 2,000 employees. The majority of separations occurred by the end of the second quarter of 2023, the remaining occurred primarily through the first quarter of 2025.
Asset Write-downs and Write-offs
The 2023 Restructuring Program included charges related to the write-down and write-off of assets totaling $208 million. Details regarding the asset write-downs and write-offs are as follows:

Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure recorded charges related to the shutdown of certain polyurethanes assets and the write-off of other assets. These facilities were shut down by the end of 2025.
Performance Materials & Coatings recorded charges to rationalize its asset footprint by shutting down certain coatings assets. These facilities were shut down by the end of 2025.
Corporate recorded charges related to the write-down of Company owned and leased, non-manufacturing facilities, primarily related to office space rationalization.

Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities
The 2023 Restructuring program included a net pretax charge of $9 million for the net cost of benefit settlement, curtailment and special termination benefits related to participants of a pension plan in Europe that were impacted by the restructuring program, related to Corporate.

2025 Goodwill Impairment
Upon completion of the annual goodwill impairment testing in the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company determined the fair value of the Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals reporting unit was lower than its carrying amount. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $690 million, included in "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" in the consolidated statements of income, related to Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure. See Notes 12 and 22 for additional information.

Asset Related Charges
In 2025, the Company recognized a $303 million pretax impairment charge related to assets used for chlor-alkali, propylene oxide and brine production in Latin America. Due to challenging economic conditions in the region, the Company performed a held-and-used impairment analysis and the assets were written down to their fair value. The impairment charge is included in "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" in the consolidated statements of income, related to Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure ($232 million) and Packaging & Specialty Plastics ($71 million). See Note 22 for additional information.

In 2024, the Company recognized pretax impairment charges of $37 million primarily related to write-downs of certain manufacturing assets in the United States and Italy included in the Company's divestiture of its flexible packaging laminating adhesives business. The impairment charges were included in "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Packaging & Specialty Plastics. See Notes 4 and 22 for additional information.

In 2023, the Company recorded pretax asset related credits of $7 million in Corporate related to a prior restructuring program.

Subsequent Event
On January 26, 2026, the Board approved Transform to Outperform, a comprehensive set of actions designed to improve near-term Operating EBITDA by simplifying the Company’s operating model, reducing its cost structure and delivering faster growth. The Company will record charges in 2026 and 2027 for costs associated with Transform to Outperform, including a workforce reduction of 4,500 roles. In total, severance and related benefit costs are expected to be in the range of $600 million to $800 million and have future cash payments to be paid out primarily over the next two years. In addition, the Company will incur costs to implement the workforce reduction, which will be expensed as incurred and range from $70 million to $90 million.
v3.25.4
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Supplementary Information [Abstract]  
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Dow Inc. Sundry Income (Expense) – Net202520242023
In millions
Non-operating pension and other postretirement benefit plan net (costs) credits 1
$(177)$264 $(264)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) 2
39 (45)(340)
Gain on sales of other assets and investments 3
10 60 80 
Gain on divestiture of ownership interest in DowAksa 4
110 — — 
Gain on divestiture of soil fumigation product line 4
103 — — 
Gain (loss) on early extinguishment of debt 5
(78)
Indemnification and other transaction related costs 6
(20)13 26 
Asset impairments and related costs 7
— 18 (18)
Gain related to Nova legal matter 8
— — 106 
Unrealized gain on equity investment in a privately held entity 9
33 — — 
Other - net120 100 125 
Total sundry income (expense) – net$140 $415 $(280)
1.The year ended December 31, 2025 includes pretax pension settlement charges of $323 million related to the termination of certain benefit plans. The year ended December 31, 2023, includes pretax pension settlement charges of $642 million related to the transfer of certain plan benefit obligations to insurance companies. See Note 19 for additional information about the Company's pension and other postretirement plans, including pension settlement charges.
2.Foreign exchange gains in 2025 relate primarily to the euro, partially offset by losses in exposures to the Argentine peso, while losses in 2024 relate primarily to exposures in the Argentine peso and Egyptian pound, and 2023 relate primarily to exposures in the Argentine peso. In addition, 2023 includes a loss of $109 million related to the devaluation of the Argentine peso by the Argentina government in December 2023.
3.The year ended December 31, 2024, includes a gain of $25 million associated with a warehouse sale. The year ended December 31, 2023, includes gains associated with the sale of shares of a previously impaired equity method investment.
4.See Note 4 for additional information.
5.See Note 14 for additional information.
6.Primarily related to charges and credits associated with agreements entered into with DuPont de Nemours, Inc. ("DuPont") and Corteva, Inc. ("Corteva") as part of the separation and distribution.
7.The year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, includes certain obligations and subsequent reversals associated with a previously impaired equity method investment.
8.See Note 15 for additional information.
9.See Notes 21 and 22 for additional information.

Sundry income (expense) - net for TDCC for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, is substantially the same as that of Dow Inc., with the primary difference related to indemnification and other transaction related costs recorded on Dow Inc. Therefore, Sundry income (expense) - net for TDCC is not disclosed separately.

Other Investments
The Company has investments in company-owned life insurance policies ("COLI"), which are recorded at their cash surrender value as of each balance sheet date, as provided below:

Investments in Company-Owned Life InsuranceDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millions
Gross cash value$543 $558 
Less: Existing drawdowns 1
197 — 
Less: Accrued interest on drawdowns 2
— 
Investments in company-owned life insurance 3
$344 $558 
1.Classified as "Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments" in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
2.Included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income.
3.Classified as "Other investments" in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company has the ability to monetize its investment in its COLI policies as an additional source of liquidity. At December 31, 2025, the Company had $197 million outstanding monetization of its existing COLI policies' surrender value (zero at December 31, 2024).
Supplier Finance Program
The Company facilitates a supply chain financing (“SCF”) program in the ordinary course of business in order to extend payment terms with vendors. Under the terms of this program, a vendor can voluntarily enter into an agreement with a participating financial intermediary to sell its receivables due from the Company. The vendor receives payment from the financial intermediary, and the Company pays the financial intermediary on the terms originally negotiated with the vendor, which generally range from 90 to 120 days. The vendor negotiates the terms of the agreements directly with the financial intermediary and the Company is not a party to that agreement. The financial intermediary may allow the participating vendor to utilize the Company’s creditworthiness in establishing credit spreads and associated costs, which may provide the vendor with more favorable terms than they would be able to secure on their own. The Company does not provide guarantees related to the SCF program. At December 31, 2025, outstanding obligations confirmed as valid under the SCF program were $239 million ($291 million at December 31, 2024), included in “Accounts payable – Trade” in the consolidated balance sheets.

The following table summarizes the activity of the SCF program for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Supplier Finance Program Activity20252024
In millions
Confirmed obligations outstanding at Jan 1$291 $285 
Invoices confirmed to financial intermediary1,211 1,313 
Confirmed invoices paid to financial intermediary(1,263)(1,307)
Confirmed obligations outstanding at Dec 31$239 $291 

Government Assistance
The following table summarizes the government incentives recorded in the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:

Government Incentives202520242023
In millions
Capital expenditures associated with Path2Zero $142 $— $— 
Energy cost incentives $282 $272 $183 
U.S. energy asset construction $— $56 $— 

The incentives related to capital expenditures associated with the construction of the Company’s Fort Saskatchewan Path2Zero project are subject to clawback if the Company does not meet certain obligations, which include the completion of the project by the target completion date, continued operation of the facility through a specified duration period as well as other certain benefit commitments, including employment levels and emissions reductions. These incentives are recorded as a reduction to construction in progress and reflected in “Property” in the consolidated balance sheets and will lower depreciation expense over the useful lives of the related energy assets through a reduction to “Cost of sales” in the consolidated statements of income.

The incentives related to the cost of energy used in the Company’s production processes, from various governments, are typically based on level of energy consumption and are recorded as a reduction to "Cost of sales" in the consolidated statements of income and as "Accounts and notes receivable - Other" until received or as a reduction to "Accounts payable - Trade" in the consolidated balance sheets.

The incentives received for the construction of certain energy assets in the United States in 2024 are recorded as a reduction of “Property” in the consolidated balance sheets and will lower depreciation expense over the useful lives of the related energy assets through a reduction to “Cost of sales” in the consolidated statements of income.

Other forms of government assistance received by the Company in 2025, 2024 and 2023 were not material.
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Required supplementary cash flow information is presented in the following tables:

Supplemental Cash Flow Information202520242023
In millions
Cash paid for:
Interest$948 $887 $800 
Income taxes, net of refunds$256 $827 $735 

Supplemental Cash Flow Information - Cash Paid for Income Taxes - Disaggregated 1
2025
In millions
Cash paid (received) for income taxes, net of refunds
Federal$13 
State and local
Other state and local jurisdictions$(11)
Foreign
China$75 
Denmark(38)
Germany72 
India36 
Japan47 
Mexico35 
The Netherlands52 
Switzerland(135)
Thailand21 
Other foreign jurisdictions89 
Total foreign$254 
Total cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds$256 
1.Disaggregated in accordance with ASU 2023-09, which was adopted prospectively in 2025.
v3.25.4
INCOME TAXES (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES INCOME TAXES
The financial statements for Dow Inc. and TDCC are substantially similar, including the reporting of current and deferred tax expense (benefit), provision (credit) for income taxes, and deferred tax asset and liability balances. As a result, the following income tax discussion pertains to Dow Inc. only.

The Company's effective tax rate fluctuates based on, among other factors, where income is earned, the level of income relative to tax attributes and the level of equity earnings, since most earnings from the Company's equity method investments are taxed at the joint venture level.

Geographic Allocation of Income and Provision (Credit) for Income Taxes
In millions202520242023
Income (loss) before income taxes
Domestic $(1,814)$492 $(602)
Foreign (697)1,108 1,258 
Income (loss) before income taxes$(2,511)$1,600 $656 
Current tax expense (benefit)
Federal$(132)$(137)$249 
State and local12 18 
Foreign401 389 951 
Total current tax expense $274 $264 $1,218 
Deferred tax expense (benefit)
Federal$(484)$218 $(445)
State and local(7)51 
Foreign150 (134)(780)
Total deferred tax expense (benefit)$(341)$135 $(1,222)
Provision (credit) for income taxes $(67)$399 $(4)
Net income (loss)$(2,444)$1,201 $660 
Reconciliation to U.S. Statutory Rate 1
2025
Amounts in millionsAmountPercent
U.S. federal statutory tax rate$(527)21.0 %
State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax effect(0.3)
Foreign tax effects
Argentina
Foreign currency related items47 (1.9)
Other(5)0.2 
Brazil
Changes in valuation allowances107 (4.3)
Statutory tax rate difference(47)1.9 
Other25 (1.0)
China27 (1.1)
Germany31 (1.2)
The Netherlands
Foreign currency related items(34)1.4 
Other(0.1)
Singapore
Changes in valuation allowances117 (4.7)
Other(0.3)
Switzerland
Changes in valuation allowances95 (3.8)
Statutory tax rate difference44 (1.8)
Nondeductible interest expense36 (1.4)
Other36 (1.4)
Other foreign jurisdictions122 (4.9)
Equity losses53 (2.1)
Effect of cross-border tax laws60 (2.4)
Tax credits
General business credits(26)1.0 
Foreign tax credits 2
(294)11.7 
Changes in valuation allowances37 (1.5)
Nontaxable or nondeductible items
Goodwill impairment81 (3.2)
Other(0.1)
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits108 (4.3)
Other adjustments
Sale of membership interests in Diamond Infrastructure Solutions(112)4.5 
Other(69)2.8 
Effective tax rate$(67)2.7 %
1.Disaggregated in accordance with ASU 2023-09, which was adopted prospectively in 2025.
2.Primarily related to a tax credit stemming from the U.S. Tax Court's decision in Varian Medical Systems Inc. v. Commissioner.
Reconciliation to U.S. Statutory Rate 1
20242023
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate21.0 %21.0 %
Equity earnings effect— 4.2 
Foreign income taxed at rates other than the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate4.6 8.3 
U.S. tax effect of foreign earnings and dividends3.9 (13.0)
Unrecognized tax benefits(10.2)33.1 
Changes in valuation allowances(4.4)18.8 
Federal tax accrual adjustment(1.0)(21.2)
State and local income taxes 5.4 3.0 
Change in tax basis in foreign assets 2
8.3 (54.9)
Foreign permanent items(5.7)(1.1)
Other - net 3.0 1.2 
Effective tax rate24.9 %(0.6)%
1.As presented prior to adoption of ASU 2023-09, which was adopted prospectively in 2025.
2.The 2023 impact primarily represents the initial recognition of tax basis in intangible assets in foreign jurisdictions and the related valuation allowance.

Deferred Tax Balances at Dec 3120252024
In millionsAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilities
Property$281 $2,485 $178 $2,550 
Tax loss and credit carryforwards1,653 — 1,732 — 
Postretirement benefit obligations880 215 949 187 
Other accruals and reserves1,997 382 1,881 572 
Intangibles2,207 225 1,972 261 
Inventory141 103 137 227 
Investments145 234 102 31 
Other – net627 91 586 96 
Subtotal$7,931 $3,735 $7,537 $3,924 
Valuation allowances(3,049)— (2,748)— 
Total$4,882 $3,735 $4,789 $3,924 

Operating Loss and Tax Credit Carryforwards at Dec 3120252024
In millionsAssetsAssets
Operating loss carryforwards
Expire within 5 years$268 $390 
Expire after 5 years or indefinite expiration777 567 
Total operating loss carryforwards$1,045 $957 
Tax credit carryforwards
Expire within 5 years$118 $121 
Expire after 5 years or indefinite expiration362 244 
Total tax credit carryforwards$480 $365 
Capital loss carryforwards
Expire within 5 years$128 $410 
Total tax loss and tax credit carryforwards$1,653 $1,732 

Undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries and related companies that are deemed to be permanently invested amounted to $5,319 million at December 31, 2025 and $7,125 million at December 31, 2024. Undistributed earnings are subject to certain taxes upon repatriation, primarily where foreign withholding taxes apply. It is not practicable to calculate the unrecognized deferred tax liability on undistributed earnings.
The following table provides a reconciliation of the Company's unrecognized tax benefits:

Total Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits
In millions202520242023
Total unrecognized tax benefits at Jan 1$422 $513 $520 
Decreases related to positions taken on items from prior years(21)(3)(58)
Increases related to positions taken on items from prior years— 89 
Increases related to positions taken in the current year132 47 77 
Settlement of uncertain tax positions with tax authorities(24)(118)(109)
Decreases due to expiration of statutes of limitations(7)(12)(11)
Foreign exchange loss (gain)(5)
Total unrecognized tax benefits at Dec 31$509 $422 $513 
Total unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate$509 $422 $513 
Total amount of interest and penalties expense (benefit) recognized in "Provision (credit) for income taxes"$13 $(234)$126 
Total accrual for interest and penalties recognized in the consolidated balance sheets$334 $327 $561 

The Company files tax returns in multiple jurisdictions. These returns are subject to examination and possible challenge by the tax authorities. Open years contain matters that could be subject to differing interpretations of applicable tax laws and regulations as they relate to the amount, character, timing or inclusion of revenue and expenses or the sustainability of income tax credits for a given audit cycle. The ultimate resolution of such uncertainties is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's results of operations. The earliest open tax years are 2004 for state income taxes and 2007 for federal income taxes in the United States and 2010 for taxes in foreign jurisdictions.

On July 4, 2025, U.S. legislation formally titled "An Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Title II of H. Con. Res. 14” (“the Act”) and commonly referred to as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act was signed into law. The Act, among other things, extended key provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and introduced targeted changes to the U.S. federal income tax regime. The Act has not materially impacted the Company's effective tax rate.
v3.25.4
EARNINGS PER SHARE (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings Per Share [Text Block] EARNINGS PER SHARE CALCULATIONS
The following tables provide earnings per share calculations of Dow Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. In accordance with the accounting guidance for earnings per share, earnings (loss) per share of TDCC is not presented as this information is not required in financial statements of wholly owned subsidiaries.

Net Income (Loss) for Earnings Per Share Calculations202520242023
In millions
Net income (loss)$(2,444)$1,201 $660 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests179 85 71 
Net income attributable to participating securities 1
11 12 11 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(2,634)$1,104 $578 
1.Restricted stock units are considered participating securities due to the Company's practice of paying dividend equivalents on unvested shares.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Basic and Diluted202520242023
Dollars per share
Earnings (loss) per common share - basic$(3.70)$1.57 $0.82 
Earnings (loss) per common share - diluted$(3.70)$1.57 $0.82 
Share Count Information202520242023
Shares in millions
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic711.6 703.8 705.7 
Plus dilutive effect of equity compensation plans 1
— 1.3 3.3 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted 711.6 705.1 709.0 
Stock options and restricted stock units excluded from EPS calculations 2
23.6 10.8 9.6 
1.The year ended December 31, 2025 reflected a net loss and, as such, the basic share count was used for purposes of calculating earnings (loss) per share on a diluted basis.
2.These outstanding stock units were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the effect of including them would have been antidilutive.
v3.25.4
INVENTORIES (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]  
INVENTORIES INVENTORIES
The following table provides a breakdown of inventories:

Inventories at Dec 31
In millions20252024
Finished goods$3,737 $3,773 
Work in process1,239 1,323 
Raw materials826 822 
Supplies1,181 1,039 
Total$6,983 $6,957 
Adjustment of inventories to the LIFO basis(388)(413)
Total inventories$6,595 $6,544 
At December 31, 2025, approximately 28 percent, 59 percent and 13 percent of the Company's inventories were accounted for under the LIFO, FIFO and average cost methods, respectively. At December 31, 2024, approximately 29 percent, 59 percent and 12 percent of the Company's inventories were accounted for under the LIFO, FIFO and average cost methods, respectively.
v3.25.4
PROPERTY (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
PROPERTY PROPERTY
The following table provides a breakdown of property:

Property at Dec 31Estimated Useful 
Lives (Years)
20252024
In millions
Land and land improvements
0-25
$2,441 $2,255 
Buildings
5-50
5,533 5,145 
Machinery and equipment
3-25
47,083 44,047 
Other property
3-50
7,892 7,243 
Construction in progress— 2,914 3,431 
Total property $65,863 $62,121 

In millions202520242023
Depreciation expense$2,122 $1,992 $1,932 
Capitalized interest$145 $133 $88 
v3.25.4
NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES
The Company’s investments in companies accounted for using the equity method (“nonconsolidated affiliates”), by classification in the consolidated balance sheets, and dividends received from nonconsolidated affiliates are shown in the following tables:

Investments in Nonconsolidated Affiliates at Dec 31
2025 1
2024 1
In millions
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates$1,264 $1,266 
Other noncurrent obligations(933)(568)
Net investment in nonconsolidated affiliates$331 $698 
1.The carrying amount of the Company’s investments in nonconsolidated affiliates was $17 million more than and $55 million less than its share of the investees’ net assets at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, exclusive of additional differences relating to Sadara and EQUATE Petrochemical Company K.S.C.C. ("EQUATE"), which are discussed separately in the disclosures that follow.

Dividends Received from Nonconsolidated Affiliates202520242023
In millions
Dividends from nonconsolidated affiliates 1
$199 $342 $268 
1.Included in "Earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates less than dividends received" in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

The nonconsolidated affiliates in which the Company has investments are privately held companies; therefore, quoted market prices are not available.

Sadara
In 2011, the Company and Saudi Arabian Oil Company formed Sadara - a joint venture between the two companies that constructed and operates a world-scale, fully integrated chemicals complex in Jubail Industrial City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The Company has a 35 percent equity interest in this joint venture and continues to be responsible for marketing a significant portion of Sadara’s products through the Company’s established sales channels. In 2021, Dow and the Saudi Arabian Oil Company agreed to a marketing rights transition plan. Execution of the transition plan is ongoing and progressing towards aligning marketing rights and responsibilities to levels more consistent with each partner's equity ownership. This transition will not impact equity earnings, but is expected to reduce the Company's sales of Sadara products over the transition period.

The Company’s investment in Sadara was $1,120 million less than Dow’s proportionate share of the carrying value of the underlying net assets held by Sadara at December 31, 2025 ($1,280 million less at December 31, 2024). This basis difference, which resulted from the 2019 impairment of the investment, is primarily attributed to the long-lived assets of Sadara and is being amortized over the remaining useful lives of the assets. At December 31, 2025, the Company had a negative investment balance in Sadara of $901 million classified as "Other noncurrent obligations" (negative $517 million at December 31, 2024) in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The increase in the negative investment in Sadara Chemical Company at December 31, 2025 is primarily due to the equity losses generated during the year. See Note 15 for additional information related to guarantees.

EQUATE
At December 31, 2025, the Company had a negative investment balance in EQUATE of $24 million classified as "Other noncurrent obligations" (negative $51 million at December 31, 2024) in the consolidated balance sheets. The reduction in the negative investment was driven by equity earnings, partially offset by dividends distributed to shareholders in 2025. The Company's investment in EQUATE was $403 million less than the Company's proportionate share of EQUATE's underlying net assets at December 31, 2025 ($417 million less at December 31, 2024), which represents the difference between the fair values of certain MEGlobal assets acquired by EQUATE and the Company's related valuation on a U.S. GAAP basis at the acquisition date. A basis difference of $82 million at December 31, 2025 ($97 million at December 31, 2024), is being amortized over the remaining useful lives of the assets and the remainder is considered a permanent difference.

Transactions with Nonconsolidated Affiliates
The Company has service agreements with certain nonconsolidated affiliates, including contracts to manage the operations of manufacturing sites and the construction of new facilities; licensing and technology agreements; and marketing, sales, purchase, lease and sublease agreements.
The Company sells excess ethylene glycol produced at manufacturing facilities in the United States and Europe to MEGlobal, a subsidiary of EQUATE. The Company also sells ethylene to MEGlobal as a raw material for its ethylene glycol plants in Canada. Sales of these products to MEGlobal represented 1 percent of total net sales in 2025, 2024 and 2023. Sales of ethylene to MEGlobal are reflected in the Packaging & Specialty Plastics segment and represented 2 percent of the segment's sales in 2025, 2024 and 2023. Sales of ethylene glycol to MEGlobal are reflected in the Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure segment and represented 1 percent of the segment's sales in 2025, 2024 and 2023.

The Company is responsible for marketing the majority of Sadara products outside of the Middle East zone through the Company’s established sales channels. Under this arrangement, the Company purchases and sells Sadara products for a marketing fee. Purchases of Sadara products represented 5 percent of "Cost of sales" in 2025 (6 percent in 2024 and 2023).

The Company purchases products from The SCGC-Dow Group, primarily for marketing and distribution in Asia Pacific. Purchases of products from The SCGC-Dow Group represented 2 percent of "Cost of sales" in 2025 (3 percent in 2024 and 2023).

Sales to and purchases from other nonconsolidated affiliates were not material to the consolidated financial statements.

Balances due to or due from nonconsolidated affiliates at December 31, 2025 and 2024, were as follows:

Balances Due To or Due From Nonconsolidated Affiliates at Dec 3120252024
In millions
Accounts and notes receivable - Other$363 $300 
Accounts payable - Other$534 $748 

Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates
The Company had an ownership interest in 36 nonconsolidated affiliates at December 31, 2025 (38 at December 31, 2024). The Company's principal nonconsolidated affiliates and its ownership interest (direct and indirect) for each at December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, are as follows:

Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates at Dec 31CountryOwnership Interest
 202520242023
EQUATE Petrochemical Company K.S.C.C. Kuwait42.50 %42.50 %42.50 %
The Kuwait Olefins Company K.S.C.C. Kuwait42.50 %42.50 %42.50 %
The Kuwait Styrene Company K.S.C.C.Kuwait42.50 %42.50 %42.50 %
Map Ta Phut Olefins Company Limited 1
Thailand32.77 %32.77 %32.77 %
Sadara Chemical CompanySaudi Arabia35.00 %35.00 %35.00 %
The SCGC-Dow Group:
Siam Polyethylene Company LimitedThailand50.00 %50.00 %50.00 %
Siam Polystyrene Company LimitedThailand50.00 %50.00 %50.00 %
Siam Styrene Monomer Company LimitedThailand50.00 %50.00 %50.00 %
Siam Synthetic Latex Company LimitedThailand50.00 %50.00 %50.00 %
1.The Company's effective ownership of Map Ta Phut Olefins Company Limited ("Map Ta Phut") is 32.77 percent, of which the Company directly owns 20.27 percent and indirectly owns 12.50 percent through its equity interest in Siam Polyethylene Company Limited.
The Company’s investment in and equity earnings from its principal nonconsolidated affiliates are as follows:

Investment in Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates at Dec 3120252024
In millions
Investment in principal nonconsolidated affiliates $747 $740 
Other noncurrent obligations(933)(568)
Net investment (liability) in principal nonconsolidated affiliates$(186)$172 

Equity in Losses of Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates202520242023
In millions
Equity in losses of principal nonconsolidated affiliates$(292)$(57)$(192)

The summarized financial information that follows represents the combined accounts (at 100 percent) of the principal nonconsolidated affiliates.

Summarized Balance Sheet Information at Dec 3120252024
In millions
Current assets$5,286 $5,414 
Noncurrent assets19,942 20,695 
Total assets$25,228 $26,109 
Current liabilities$7,017 $3,842 
Noncurrent liabilities16,889 19,158 
Total liabilities$23,906 $23,000 
Noncontrolling interests$113 $136 

Summarized Income Statement Information 1
202520242023
In millions
Sales$10,993 $12,094 $11,102 
Gross profit (loss)$(244)$598 $289 
Income (loss), net of tax$(1,539)$(748)$(1,053)
1.The results in this table include purchase and sale activity between certain principal nonconsolidated affiliates and the Company, as previously discussed in the "Transactions with Nonconsolidated Affiliates" section.
v3.25.4
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The following table shows changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill by reportable segment for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

GoodwillPackaging & Specialty PlasticsIndustrial Intermediates & InfrastructurePerformance Materials & CoatingsTotal
In millions
Balance at Jan 1, 2024$5,103 $1,094 $2,444 $8,641 
Foreign currency impact(6)(2)(89)(97)
Purchase of Circulus Holdings, LLC37 — — 37 
Sale of laminating adhesives business(16)— — (16)
Balance at Dec 31, 2024$5,118 $1,092 $2,355 $8,565 
Foreign currency impact$13 $$95 $113 
Sale of soil fumigation product line— (10)— (10)
Goodwill impairment— (690)— (690)
Balance at Dec 31, 2025$5,131 $397 $2,450 $7,978 
The Company has six reporting units in total: Coatings & Performance Monomers, Consumer Solutions, Hydrocarbons & Energy, Industrial Solutions, Packaging and Specialty Plastics and Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals. At December 31, 2025, goodwill was carried by all reporting units except Coatings & Performance Monomers and Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals.

Goodwill Impairments
The carrying amounts of goodwill at December 31, 2025, were net of accumulated impairments of $999 million in Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure ($309 million at December 31, 2024) and $2,530 million in Performance Materials & Coatings ($2,530 million at December 31, 2024).

Goodwill Impairment Testing
In the second quarter of 2025, the Company identified potential indicators of goodwill impairment due to announced restructuring actions and ongoing macroeconomic challenges. As a result, the Company evaluated whether the fair value of any reporting unit may be less than its carrying amount. This assessment indicated that the Consumer Solutions reporting unit, part of the Performance Materials & Coatings segment, required an interim quantitative goodwill impairment test as of June 30, 2025. The test concluded that no goodwill impairment existed, as the fair value of the Consumer Solutions reporting unit exceeded its carrying value. Fair value was estimated using a discounted cash flow model that incorporated current market conditions and the anticipated effects of the restructuring actions. Key assumptions included projected revenue growth, discount rate, tax rate, terminal value, currency exchange rates, and long-term raw material and energy price forecasts.

In the third quarter of 2025, as a result of continued macroeconomic challenges, the Company evaluated whether the fair value of any reporting unit may be less than its carrying amount. This assessment indicated that the Packaging and Specialty Plastics reporting unit, part of the Packaging & Specialty Plastics segment, required an interim quantitative goodwill impairment test as of September 30, 2025. The test concluded that no goodwill impairment existed, as the fair value of the Packaging and Specialty Plastics reporting unit exceeded its carrying value. Fair value was estimated using a discounted cash flow model that incorporated current market conditions. Key assumptions included projected revenue growth, discount rate, tax rate, terminal value, currency exchange rates, and long-term raw material and energy price forecasts.

The Company performs an impairment test of goodwill annually in the fourth quarter. In 2025, the Company performed qualitative assessments for all reporting units that carried goodwill as part of its annual impairment testing performed in the fourth quarter. Based on the results of the qualitative testing, the Company performed quantitative testing for one reporting unit in 2025 (one in 2024 and none in 2023). The qualitative assessments on the remaining reporting units indicated that it was more likely than not that the carrying value was less than the fair value for the reporting units.

Quantitative testing was performed on the Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals reporting unit in the fourth quarter of 2024. The fair value of the reporting unit was estimated using a discounted cash flow model based on facts and circumstances in place at that time, including the reporting unit’s financial performance, market conditions and projected future cash flows. Key assumptions included projected revenue growth, discount rate, tax rate, terminal value, currency exchange rates, and long-term raw material and energy price forecasts. The resulting fair value of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying value and the Company concluded that no goodwill impairment existed.

Quantitative testing was performed on the Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals reporting unit in the fourth quarter of 2025, and the Company determined the reporting unit was impaired. During 2025, the reporting unit did not consistently meet expected financial performance targets, primarily due to significant over supply in the industry, which led to volume reductions and compressed margins for products across the portfolio due to changes in customer buying patterns and supply and demand balances. As a result of these trends and third-party market data, which now project sustained pressure on pricing and volume, and a more moderate growth outlook, the reporting unit reduced its future revenue and profitability projections. The fair value of the reporting unit was estimated using a discounted cash flow model that incorporated current market conditions and reflected reductions in projected revenue growth rates due to lower sales volume and price assumptions. Key assumptions included projected revenue growth, discount rate, tax rate, terminal value, currency exchange rates, and long-term raw material and energy price forecasts. These discounted cash flows did not support the carrying value of the reporting unit. As a result, the Company recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $690 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, included in “Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net” in the consolidated statements of income, related to Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure. The carrying value of the Polyurethanes & Construction
Chemicals reporting unit's goodwill was zero at December 31, 2025. No other goodwill impairments were identified as a result of the 2025 testing.

The Company continues to monitor key factors that could impact the fair value of its reporting units, including changes in macroeconomic conditions or industry-specific trends, deterioration in financial performance, increases in market interest rates or adverse changes in regulatory or competitive environments. If these or other adverse events occur, it may be necessary to perform additional impairment testing, which could result in a future goodwill impairment charge.

Other Intangible Assets
The following table provides information regarding the Company’s other intangible assets:

Other Intangible Assets at Dec 3120252024
In millionsGross
Carrying
Amount
Accum AmortNetGross
Carrying
Amount
Accum AmortNet
Intangible assets:
Developed technology$2,508 $(2,267)$241 $2,541 $(2,214)$327 
Software1,395 (1,077)318 1,354 (1,007)347 
Trademarks/tradenames324 (319)324 (318)
Customer-related2,986 (2,064)922 2,896 (1,855)1,041 
Total other intangible assets$7,213 $(5,727)$1,486 $7,115 $(5,394)$1,721 

The following table provides information regarding amortization expense related to intangible assets:

Amortization Expense202520242023
In millions
Other intangible assets, excluding software$231 $310 $324 
Software, included in "Cost of sales"$70 $67 $70 

Total estimated amortization expense for the next five fiscal years, including amounts expected to be capitalized, is as follows:

Estimated Amortization Expense for Next Five Years
In millions
2026$231 
2027$195 
2028$175 
2029$164 
2030$153 
v3.25.4
TRANSFERS OF FINANCIAL ASSETS (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]  
TRANSFERS OF FINANCIAL ASSETS TRANSFERS OF FINANCIAL ASSETS
Accounts Receivable Programs
The Company maintains accounts receivable facilities with various financial institutions, with committed and uncommitted facilities in the United States, which expire in November 2028 and a committed facility in Europe, which expires in March 2026 (collectively, "the Programs"). The Company is currently renegotiating the renewal of the Europe facility, which is expected to be completed prior to the expiration. Under the terms of the Programs, the Company may sell certain eligible trade accounts receivable at any point in time, up to $900 million for the U.S. committed facility and up to €500 million for the Europe committed facility. Under the terms of the Programs, the Company continues to service the receivables from the customer, but retains no interest in the receivables, and remits payment to the financial institutions. Losses on transfers of receivables were insignificant for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. The Company also provides a guarantee to the financial institutions for the creditworthiness and collection of the receivables in satisfaction of the facility. See Note 15 for additional information related to guarantees.
The Company has access to accounts receivable discounting facilities that cover certain receivables generated from sales in EMEAI, Asia Pacific and Canada (collectively, the "Facilities"). Under the terms of the Facilities, the Company retains no interest in the transferred receivables once sold and receivables are transferred with limited recourse. The Company continues to service the receivables from the customer and remits payment to the Facilities. Losses on transfers of receivables were insignificant for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023.

The following table provides a summary of cash flows related to the Programs and the Facilities for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:

Cash Flows Related to Transfers of Accounts Receivable
In millions202520242023
Proceeds received from new transfers$538 $1,533 $203 

The following table provides the balances related to the Programs and the Facilities at December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Balances Related to Transfers of Accounts Receivable at Dec 31
In millions20252024
Balance outstanding$$287
Accounts receivable derecognized $$278
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets:
    Accrued and other current liabilities 1
$$9
1. Represents amounts collected from customers and not yet remitted by the Company.
v3.25.4
NOTES PAYABLE, LONG-TERM DEBT AND AVAILABLE CREDIT FACILITIES (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
NOTES PAYABLE, LONG-TERM DEBT AND AVAILABLE CREDIT FACILITIES NOTES PAYABLE, LONG-TERM DEBT AND AVAILABLE CREDIT FACILITIES
Notes Payable at Dec 31
In millions20252024
Notes payable to banks and other lenders$90 $135 
Year-end average interest rates32.18 %36.03 %

Long-Term Debt at Dec 312025 Average Rate20252024
Average
Rate
2024
In millions
Promissory notes and debentures:
Final maturity 2025— %$— 5.63 %$333 
Final maturity 20284.80 %600 4.80 %600 
Final maturity 2029 1
7.53 %952 7.58 %1,368 
Final maturity 20302.10 %818 2.10 %818 
Final maturity 2031 and thereafter 1
5.36 %11,553 5.37 %9,192 
Other facilities:
Foreign currency notes and loans, various rates and maturities1.98 %2,237 2.01 %2,540 
InterNotes®, varying maturities through 2055
4.81 %1,011 4.31 %661 
Medium-term notes, maturity 2025— %— 4.75 %
Finance lease obligations 2
1,126 939 
Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs(226)(244)
Long-term debt due within one year 3
(222)(497)
Long-term debt$17,849 $15,711 
1.Cost includes net fair value hedge adjustment gains of $27 million at December 31, 2025 ($9 million at December 31, 2024). See Note 21 for additional information.
2.See Note 16 for additional information.
3.Presented net of current portion of unamortized debt issuance costs.
Maturities of Long-Term Debt for Next Five Years at Dec 31, 2025
In millions
2026$222 
2027$797 
2028$763 
2029$1,070 
2030$1,046 

2025 Activity
In the first quarter of 2025, the Company completed debt neutral liability management activities. The Company issued $1 billion of senior unsecured notes. This offering included $400 million aggregate principal amount of 5.35 percent notes due 2035 and $600 million aggregate principal amount of 5.95 percent notes due 2055. The Company used the proceeds to complete cash tender offers for certain debt securities. In total, $943 million aggregate principal amount was tendered and retired. As a result, the Company recognized a pretax loss of $60 million on the early extinguishment of debt, included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income, related to Corporate.

In the third quarter of 2025, the Company issued $1.4 billion of senior unsecured notes. This offering included $750 million aggregate principal amount of 4.80 percent notes due 2031 and $650 million aggregate principal amount of 5.65 percent notes due 2036. Additionally, the Company redeemed $55 million aggregate principal amount of 9.40 percent notes due 2039. As a result of the redemption, the Company recognized a pretax loss of $18 million on the early extinguishment of debt, included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income, related to Corporate.

In 2025, the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of $378 million of InterNotes®. Additionally, the Company repaid $334 million of long-term debt at maturity.


2024 Activity
In the first quarter of 2024, the Company issued $1.25 billion of senior unsecured notes. This offering included $600 million aggregate principal amount of 5.15 percent notes due 2034 and $650 million aggregate principal amount of 5.60 percent notes due 2054. The issuance was completed in connection with the Company's Green Finance Framework. The Company distributed the proceeds toward projects that support the execution of its sustainability strategy and achieve its targets focused on climate protection and a circular economy, including applicable expenditures and investments related to the Company's Fort Saskatchewan Path2Zero project.

In the second quarter of 2024, the Company redeemed $10 million aggregate principal amount of 2.10 percent notes due November 2030, $30 million aggregate principal amount of 4.25 percent notes due October 2034, $8 million aggregate principal amount of 5.25 percent notes due November 2041 and $12 million aggregate principal amount of 4.375 percent notes due November 2042. As a result of the redemption, the Company recognized a pretax gain on the early extinguishment of debt of $5 million, included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Corporate.

In 2024, the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of $94 million of InterNotes®. The Company also issued $122 million of foreign currency loans. Additionally, the Company repaid $83 million of long-term debt at maturity.

2023 Activity
In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company redeemed $23 million aggregate principal amount of 2.10 percent notes due November 2030, $14 million aggregate principal amount of 4.625 percent notes due October 2044, and $1 million aggregate principal amount of 4.375 percent notes due November 2042. As a result of the redemption, the Company recognized a pretax gain on the early extinguishment of debt of $5 million, included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Corporate.

In 2023, the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of $80 million of InterNotes®. Additionally, the Company repaid $250 million of long-term debt at maturity and approximately $3 million of long-term debt was repaid by consolidated variable interest entities.
Available Credit Facilities
The following table summarizes the Company's credit facilities:

Committed and Available Credit Facilities at Dec 31, 2025
In millionsCommitted CreditCredit AvailableMaturity DateInterest
Five Year Competitive Advance and Revolving Credit Facility$5,000 $5,000 June 2030Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility300 300 February 2026Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 March 2026Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility375 375 October 2026Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility150 150 November 2026Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility200 200 November 2026Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility250 250 March 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 May 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility350 350 June 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility200 200 September 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 October 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility200 200 November 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 March 2028Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 March 2028Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility300 300 May 2028Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility200 200 September 2028Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility175 175 September 2028Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 June 2030Floating rate
Total Committed and Available Credit Facilities$8,300 $8,300 

Letters of Credit
The Company utilizes letters of credit to support commitments made in the ordinary course of business. While the terms and amounts of letters of credit change, the Company generally has approximately $600 million of outstanding letters of credit at any given time.

Debt Covenants and Default Provisions
TDCC’s outstanding long-term debt has been issued primarily under indentures which contain, among other provisions, certain customary restrictive covenants with which TDCC must comply while the underlying notes are outstanding. Failure of TDCC to comply with any of its covenants, could result in a default under the applicable indenture and allow the note holders to accelerate the due date of the outstanding principal and accrued interest on the underlying notes.

TDCC's indenture covenants include obligations to not allow liens on principal U.S. manufacturing facilities, enter into sale and lease-back transactions with respect to principal U.S. manufacturing facilities, merge or consolidate with any other corporation, or sell, lease or convey, directly or indirectly, all or substantially all of TDCC’s assets. The outstanding debt also contains customary default provisions. TDCC remains in compliance with these covenants.
TDCC’s primary, private credit agreements also contain certain customary restrictive covenant and default provisions in addition to the covenants set forth above with respect to TDCC’s debt. Significant other restrictive covenants and default provisions related to these agreements include:
(a)the obligation to maintain the ratio of TDCC’s consolidated indebtedness to consolidated capitalization at no greater than 0.70 to 1.00 at any time the aggregate outstanding amount of loans under the Five Year Competitive Advance and Revolving Credit Facility Agreement ("Revolving Credit Agreement") dated November 23, 2021, equals or exceeds $500 million,
(b)a default if TDCC or an applicable subsidiary fails to make any payment, including principal, premium or interest, under the applicable agreement on other indebtedness of, or guaranteed by, TDCC or such applicable subsidiary in an aggregate amount of $100 million or more when due, or any other default or other event under the applicable agreement with respect to such indebtedness occurs which permits or results in the acceleration of $400 million or more in the aggregate of principal, and
(c)a default if TDCC or any applicable subsidiary fails to discharge or stay within 60 days after the entry of a final judgment against TDCC or such applicable subsidiary of more than $400 million.

Failure of TDCC to comply with any of the covenants or default provisions could result in a default under the applicable credit agreement which would allow the lenders to not fund future loan requests and to accelerate the due date of the outstanding principal and accrued interest on any outstanding indebtedness.

Dow Inc. is obligated, substantially concurrently with the issuance of any guarantee in respect of outstanding or committed indebtedness under TDCC's Revolving Credit Agreement, to enter into a supplemental indenture with TDCC and the trustee under TDCC’s existing 2008 base indenture governing certain notes issued by TDCC. Under such supplemental indenture, Dow Inc. will guarantee all outstanding debt securities and all amounts due under such existing base indenture and will become subject to certain covenants and events of default under the existing base indenture.

In addition, the Revolving Credit Agreement includes an event of default which would be triggered in the event Dow Inc. incurs or guarantees third party indebtedness for borrowed money in excess of $250 million or engages in any material activity or directly owns any material assets, in each case, subject to certain conditions and exceptions. Dow Inc. may, at its option, cure the event of default by delivering an unconditional and irrevocable guarantee to the administrative agent within thirty days of the event or events giving rise to such event of default.

No such events have occurred or have been triggered at the time of the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
v3.25.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Environmental Matters
Introduction
Accruals for environmental matters are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated based on current law and existing technologies. At December 31, 2025, the Company had accrued obligations of $1,011 million for probable environmental remediation and restoration costs ($1,113 million at December 31, 2024), including $221 million for the remediation of Superfund sites ($234 million at December 31, 2024). This is management’s best estimate of the costs for remediation and restoration with respect to environmental matters for which the Company has accrued liabilities, although it is reasonably possible that the ultimate cost with respect to these particular matters could range up to approximately two times that amount. Consequently, it is reasonably possible that environmental remediation and restoration costs in excess of amounts accrued could have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. It is the opinion of the Company’s management, however, that the possibility is remote that costs in excess of the range disclosed will have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Inherent uncertainties exist in these estimates primarily due to unknown conditions, changing governmental regulations and legal standards regarding liability, and emerging remediation technologies for handling site remediation and restoration. As new or additional information becomes available and/or certain spending trends become known, management will evaluate such information in determination of the current estimate of the environmental liability.
The following table summarizes the activity in the Company's accrued obligations for environmental matters for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Accrued Obligations for Environmental Matters20252024
In millions
Balance at Jan 1$1,113 $1,180 
Accrual adjustment80 216 
Payments against reserve(203)(259)
Foreign currency impact21 (24)
Balance at Dec 31$1,011 $1,113 

The amounts charged to income on a pretax basis related to environmental remediation totaled $63 million in 2025, $197 million in 2024 and $203 million in 2023. Capital expenditures for environmental protection were $226 million in 2025, $208 million in 2024 and $228 million in 2023.

Midland Off-Site Environmental Matters
On June 12, 2003, the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality ("MDEQ") issued a Hazardous Waste Operating License (the "License") to the Company’s Midland, Michigan, manufacturing site (the “Midland Site”), which was renewed and replaced by the MDEQ on September 25, 2015, and included provisions requiring the Company to conduct an investigation to determine the nature and extent of off-site contamination in the City of Midland soils, the Tittabawassee River and Saginaw River sediment and floodplain soils, and the Saginaw Bay, and, if necessary, undertake remedial action. In 2016, final regulatory approval was received from the MDEQ for the City of Midland and the Company is continuing the long-term monitoring requirements of the Remedial Action Plan.

Tittabawassee and Saginaw Rivers, Saginaw Bay
The Company, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and the State of Michigan ("State") entered into an administrative order on consent (“AOC”), effective January 21, 2010, that requires the Company to conduct a remedial investigation, a feasibility study and a remedial design for the Tittabawassee River, the Saginaw River and the Saginaw Bay, and pay the oversight costs of the EPA and the State under the authority of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. These actions, to be conducted under the lead oversight of the EPA, will build upon the investigative work completed under the State Resource Conservation Recovery Act program from 2005 through 2009.

The Tittabawassee River, beginning at the Midland Site and extending down to the first six miles of the Saginaw River, are designated as the first Operable Unit for purposes of conducting the remedial investigation, feasibility study and remedial design work. This work will be performed in a largely upriver to downriver sequence for eight geographic segments of the Tittabawassee and upper Saginaw Rivers. In the first quarter of 2012, the EPA requested the Company address the Tittabawassee River floodplain ("Floodplain") as an additional segment. In January 2015, the Company and the EPA entered into an order to address remediation of the Floodplain. The remainder of the Saginaw River and the Saginaw Bay are designated as a second Operable Unit and the work associated with that unit may also be geographically segmented. The AOC does not obligate the Company to perform removal or remedial action; that action can only be required by a separate order. The Company and the EPA have been negotiating orders separate from the AOC that obligate the Company to perform remedial actions under the scope of work of the AOC. The Company and the EPA have entered into six separate orders to perform limited remedial actions in seven of the eight geographic segments in the first Operable Unit, including the Floodplain. Dow has received from the EPA a Notice of Completion of Work for three of these six orders and the Company continues the long-term monitoring requirements. In 2024, Dow completed the implementation of the remedial actions for the three open orders for other areas in the first Operable Unit. In 2025, Dow continued its evaluation of the final geographic segment of the first Operable Unit.

Alternative Dispute Resolution Process
The Company, the EPA, the U.S. Department of Justice and the natural resource damage trustees (which include the Michigan Office of the Attorney General, the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes and Energy, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Saginaw-Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michigan) have been engaged in negotiations to seek to resolve potential governmental claims against the Company for natural resource damages related to historical off-site contamination associated with the City of Midland, the Tittabawassee and Saginaw Rivers and
the Saginaw Bay. The Company and the governmental parties started meeting in the fall of 2005 and entered into a Confidentiality Agreement in December 2005.

On July 20, 2020, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan ("District Court") entered a final consent decree in Civil Action No. 1:19-cv-13292 between the Company and federal, state and tribal trustees to resolve allegations of natural resource damages arising from the historic operations of the Company’s Midland Site. The consent decree required the Company to pay a $15 million cash settlement to be used for long-term maintenance and trustee-selected remediation projects with an additional $7 million to specified local projects managed by third parties. These funds were paid in December 2020. The consent decree further requires the Company to complete or fund 13 additional environmental restoration projects which are valued by the trustees at approximately $77 million, to be conducted over the next several years. To date, six of the eight Dow-led projects have been completed, including five environmental restoration projects/public amenities opened to the public. The Company continues to work with the trustees on the remaining projects.

At December 31, 2024, the Company had an accrual for these off-site matters of $80 million (included in the total accrued obligation of $1,113 million). At December 31, 2025, the accrual for these off-site matters was $80 million (included in the total accrued obligation of $1,011 million).

Environmental Matters Summary
It is the opinion of the Company’s management that the possibility is remote that costs in excess of those disclosed will have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

Litigation
Asbestos-Related Matters of Union Carbide Corporation
Introduction
Union Carbide is and has been involved in a large number of asbestos-related suits filed primarily in state courts during the past several decades. These suits principally allege personal injury resulting from exposure to asbestos-containing products and frequently seek both actual and punitive damages. The alleged claims primarily relate to products that Union Carbide sold in the past, alleged exposure to asbestos-containing products located on Union Carbide’s premises and Union Carbide’s responsibility for asbestos suits filed against a former Union Carbide subsidiary, Amchem Products, Inc. ("Amchem"). In many cases, plaintiffs are unable to demonstrate that they have suffered any compensable loss as a result of such exposure, or that injuries incurred in fact resulted from exposure to Union Carbide’s products. Union Carbide expects more asbestos-related suits to be filed against Union Carbide and Amchem in the future, and will aggressively defend or reasonably resolve, as appropriate, both pending and future claims.

Estimating the Asbestos-Related Liability
Union Carbide has engaged Ankura Consulting Group, LLC ("Ankura") to perform periodic studies to estimate the undiscounted cost of disposing of pending and future claims against Union Carbide and Amchem through the terminal year of 2049, including a reasonable forecast of future defense and processing costs. Each October, Union Carbide requests Ankura to review its historical asbestos claim and resolution activity through the third quarter of the current year, including asbestos-related defense and processing costs, to determine the appropriateness of updating the most recent study. At each balance sheet date, Union Carbide also compares current asbestos claim and resolution activity, including asbestos-related defense and processing costs, to the results of the most recent Ankura study to determine whether the accrual continues to be appropriate.

In December 2023, Ankura stated that an update of its December 2022 study would not provide a more likely estimate of future events than the estimate reflected in that study and, therefore, the estimate in that study remained applicable. Based on Union Carbide's internal review process and Ankura's response, Union Carbide determined that no adjustment to the accrual was required.

In December 2024, Ankura completed a study of Union Carbide's historical asbestos claim and resolution activity through September 30, 2024, including asbestos-related defense and processing costs, and provided estimates for the undiscounted cost of disposing of pending and future claims against Union Carbide and Amchem through the terminal year of 2049. Based on the study and Union Carbide's internal review process, it was determined that no adjustment to the accrual was required. At December 31, 2024, the asbestos-related liability for pending and future claims against Union Carbide and Amchem, including future asbestos-related defense and processing costs, was $791 million, and approximately 23 percent of the recorded liability related to pending claims and approximately 77 percent related to future claims.
In December 2025, Ankura stated that an update of its December 2024 study would not provide a more likely estimate of future events than the estimate reflected in that study and, therefore, the estimate in that study remained applicable. Based on Union Carbide's internal review process and Ankura's response, Union Carbide determined that no adjustment to the accrual was required. At December 31, 2025, the asbestos-related liability for pending and future claims against Union Carbide and Amchem, including future asbestos-related defense and processing costs, was $708 million, and approximately 28 percent of the recorded liability related to pending claims and approximately 72 percent related to future claims.

Summary
The Company's management believes the amounts recorded by Union Carbide for the asbestos-related liability, including defense and processing costs, reflect reasonable and probable estimates of the liability based upon current, known facts. However, future events, such as the number of new claims to be filed and/or received each year, the average cost of defending and disposing of each such claim, as well as the numerous uncertainties surrounding asbestos litigation in the United States over a significant period of time, could cause the actual costs for Union Carbide to be higher or lower than those projected or those recorded. Any such events could result in an increase or decrease in the recorded liability.

Because of the uncertainties described above, Union Carbide cannot estimate the full range of the cost of resolving pending and future asbestos-related claims facing Union Carbide and Amchem. As a result, it is reasonably possible that an additional cost of disposing of Union Carbide's asbestos-related claims, including future defense and processing costs, could have a material impact on the Company's results of operations and cash flows for a particular period and on the consolidated financial position.

Legacy Matters
Groundwater Matters
The Company is the subject of various complaints related to alleged groundwater contamination based on decades-old sales and applications of certain agricultural chemical products ("Groundwater Matters"). The costs associated with these Groundwater Matters were previously covered by insurance policies that have since been depleted. In the first quarter of 2023, the Company completed a study of certain Groundwater Matters related to wells deemed to be probable and estimable based on the public reporting of sampling data and historical information to develop a reasonable estimate of the cost of pending and future claims. The Company accrued a pretax charge of $177 million based on the estimate, included in "Cost of sales" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure. In the second quarter of 2025, the Company completed a reassessment study of these Groundwater Matters based on current known factors, resulting in a reduced estimate of the cost of pending and future claims. As a result, the Company recorded a pretax credit of $106 million, included in "Cost of sales" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Corporate. In the second quarter of 2025, the Company settled a separate claim related to Groundwater Matters at a water storage district, resulting in a pretax charge of $64 million, included in "Cost of sales" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Corporate.

At December 31, 2025, the total liability related to settled claims and the probable and estimable settlement of all alleged Groundwater Matters was $78 million ($155 million at December 31, 2024), which was included in “Accrued and other current liabilities” and "Other noncurrent obligations" in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company is also the subject of other groundwater contamination complaints, including claims related to 1,4-dioxane. The Company continues to defend itself in this litigation and it has determined that the Company's exposure to liability, if any, is not currently probable or estimable at December 31, 2025.

Other Legacy Matters
On October 10, 2024, the Company executed a settlement agreement related to arbitration for historical product claims from a divested business. As a result, the Company recorded a pretax charge of $75 million in the third quarter of 2024, which is included in "Cost of sales" in the consolidated statements of income, related to Corporate, and was paid in the fourth quarter of 2024. Arbitration on the matter was concluded on March 11, 2025, and, as a result, the Company recorded an additional pretax charge of $98 million in the first quarter of 2025, which is included in "Cost of sales" in the consolidated statements of income, related to Corporate, and was paid in the second quarter of 2025.
Other Litigation Matters
In addition to the specific matters described above, the Company is party to a number of other claims and lawsuits arising out of the normal course of business with respect to product liability, patent infringement, employment matters, governmental tax and regulation disputes, contract and commercial litigation, and other actions. Certain of these actions purport to be class actions and seek damages in very large amounts. All such claims are being contested. The Company has an active risk management program consisting of numerous insurance policies secured from many carriers at various times. These policies may provide coverage that could be utilized to minimize the financial impact, if any, of certain contingencies described above. It is the opinion of the Company’s management that the possibility is remote that the aggregate of all such other claims and lawsuits will have a material adverse impact on the results of operations, financial condition and cash flows of the Company.

Gain Contingency - Dow v. Nova Chemicals Corporation Ethylene Asset Matter
On September 18, 2019, the Court of King's Bench of Alberta, Canada ("Court"), signed a judgment ordering Nova Chemicals Corporation ("Nova") to pay the Company $1.43 billion Canadian dollars (equivalent to approximately $1.08 billion U.S. dollars) by October 11, 2019, for damages the Company incurred through 2012 related to the companies’ jointly-owned ethylene asset in Joffre, Alberta, Canada, which has been received by the Company. The Court, which initially ruled in June 2018, found that Nova failed to operate the ethylene asset at full capacity for more than ten years, and furthermore, that Nova violated several contractual agreements related to the Company receiving its share of the asset’s ethylene production. These actions deprived the Company of millions of pounds of ethylene. Nova appealed the judgment; however, certain portions were no longer in dispute and would be retained by the Company regardless of the outcome of any further appeals by Nova. As a result and in accordance with ASC Topic 450-30 “Gain Contingencies,” the Company recorded a $186 million pretax gain in 2019. In 2020 and 2023, further actions by Nova and/or related court decisions upholding the majority of Dow's damages made additional portions of the ruling in Dow's favor final and no longer subject to dispute. As a result, the Company recorded additional pretax gains of $570 million in 2020 and $122 million in 2023. In 2023, $106 million of the pretax gain was included in "Sundry income (expense) - net," related to Packaging & Specialty Plastics, and $16 million was included in "Selling, general and administrative expenses" in the consolidated statements of income.

At December 31, 2025, $201 million ($201 million at December 31, 2024) was included in "Other noncurrent obligations" in the Company's consolidated balance sheets related to the disputed portion of the 2019 damages judgment.

Following an appeal, on June 10, 2025, the Court signed a separate judgment ordering Nova to pay an additional amount of $1.62 billion Canadian dollars (equivalent to approximately $1.2 billion U.S. dollars) for damages incurred through June 2018, which had not been previously quantified. The Court again found that Nova failed to operate the companies' jointly-owned ethylene asset at full capacity during this time, depriving the Company’s subsidiaries of millions of pounds of ethylene. On August 11, 2025, the Court also awarded fees of approximately $100 million U.S. dollars, bringing Nova’s current payment obligation to approximately $1.3 billion U.S. dollars. While those awards are subject to appeal, Alberta law requires Nova to satisfy the Court’s judgment in full notwithstanding its appeal to avoid enforcement measures during the appeal process. Nova has since requested that the Court of Appeal of Alberta stay the execution of the judgment pending its appeal. Nova’s request departs from well-established Alberta law, and would require Nova to show, among other things, that it would be irreparably harmed by making the required payment. Nova’s request for a stay has been fully briefed and argued, and the Company is awaiting a decision. If the Court of Appeal of Alberta grants the stay, Nova will not be required to pay the judgment to the Company while the appeal process is ongoing, or until such time as the Court subsequently finds a change of circumstances in Nova's ability to pay the judgment or other basis to modify any stay that may be entered. It is the Company's position that Nova cannot meet the legal standard necessary to receive a stay and avoid payment pending its appeal.

Dow has filed another lawsuit in the Court to account for damages due to lost ethylene after June 2018.

Purchase Commitments
In the third quarter of 2024, the Company entered into a commitment for the use of a reservoir asset that will be used to supply water to one of Dow’s main U.S. Gulf Coast manufacturing locations. The related contract became effective in the fourth quarter of 2024, with a 35 year contract period expected to commence in 2028 upon completion of construction. The aggregate value of the fixed and determinable portion over the expected contract period is $1.3 billion (approximately $685 million on a present value basis) at December 31, 2025.
Guarantees
The following table provides a summary of the final expiration, maximum future payments and recorded liability reflected in the consolidated balance sheets for guarantees:

GuaranteesDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millionsFinal
Expiration
Maximum Future PaymentsRecorded LiabilityFinal
Expiration
Maximum Future Payments 1
Recorded Liability
Guarantees2038$1,307 $212 2038$1,456 $155 
1.In addition, TDCC had provided guarantees, in proportion to the Company's 35 percent ownership interest, of all interest payments on Sadara’s project financing debt during the grace period, which expired in December 2025. Dow's share was estimated to be $158 million at December 31, 2024.

Guarantees arise during the ordinary course of business from relationships with customers, committed accounts receivable facilities and nonconsolidated affiliates when the Company undertakes an obligation to guarantee the performance of others (via delivery of cash or other assets) if specified triggering events occur. With guarantees, such as commercial or financial contracts, non-performance by the guaranteed party triggers the obligation of the Company to make payments to the beneficiary of the guarantee. The majority of the Company’s guarantees relate to debt of nonconsolidated affiliates, which have expiration dates ranging from less than one year to 13 years.

The Company maintains accounts receivable facilities with various financial institutions, with committed and uncommitted facilities in the United States and a committed facility in Europe. Under the terms of the Programs, the Company continues to service the receivables from the customers, but retains no interest in the receivables, and remits payment to the financial institutions. The Company also has access to accounts receivable discounting facilities, under which receivables are transferred with limited recourse. The Company’s maximum guaranteed liability for the accounts receivable facilities is zero at December 31, 2025 ($239 million at December 31, 2024).

TDCC has entered into guarantee agreements related to Sadara, a nonconsolidated affiliate. Sadara reached an agreement with its lenders to re-profile its outstanding project financing debt in the first quarter of 2021. In conjunction with the debt re-profiling, TDCC entered into a guarantee of up to approximately $1.3 billion of Sadara’s debt, proportionate to the Company's 35 percent ownership interest. Based on current market conditions and continued evaluation subsequent to December 31, 2025, the Company now believes it is no longer remote that future performance under the project financing guarantee will be required due to uncertainty in Sadara's short-term cash flows. The debt re-profiling included a grace period, which expired in December 2025, during which Sadara was obligated to make interest-only payments that were guaranteed by TDCC in proportion to the Company's 35 percent ownership interest. As part of the debt re-profiling, Sadara established a $500 million revolving credit facility guaranteed by Dow to fund Dow’s pro-rata share of any potential shortfall. In the fourth quarter of 2025, Sadara drew $80 million under the revolving credit facility. The term of the revolving credit facility expires in the second quarter of 2026 and the Company believes it is probable that it will be required to perform on the obligation upon expiration of the revolving credit facility. See Note 11 for additional information on Dow's investment in Sadara and Note 22 for additional information on the fair value determination of the obligation.

Asset Retirement Obligations
The Company has 91 manufacturing sites in 29 countries. Most of these sites contain numerous individual manufacturing operations, particularly at the Company’s larger sites. Asset retirement obligations are recorded as incurred and reasonably estimable, including obligations for which the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the Company. The retirement of assets may involve such efforts as remediation and treatment of asbestos, contractually required demolition, and other related activities, depending on the nature and location of the assets; and retirement obligations are typically realized only upon demolition of those facilities. In identifying asset retirement obligations, the Company considers identification of legally enforceable obligations, changes in existing law, estimates of potential settlement dates and the calculation of an appropriate discount rate to be used in calculating the fair value of the obligations. The Company has a well-established global process to identify, approve and track the demolition of retired or to-be-retired facilities; and no assets are retired from service until this process has been followed. The Company typically forecasts demolition projects based on the usefulness of the assets; environmental, health and safety concerns; and other similar considerations. Under this process, as demolition projects are identified and approved, reasonable estimates are determined for the time frames during which any related asset retirement obligations are expected to be settled. For those assets where a range of potential settlement dates may be reasonably estimated, obligations
are recorded. The Company routinely reviews all changes to items under consideration for demolition to determine if an adjustment to the value of the asset retirement obligation is required.

The Company has recognized asset retirement obligations for the demolition and remediation activities at manufacturing sites primarily in Europe, the United States, Brazil, Argentina, Canada and Japan, and capping activities at landfill sites in the United States, Brazil and Canada. The Company has also recognized conditional asset retirement obligations related to asbestos encapsulation as a result of planned demolition and remediation activities at manufacturing and administrative sites primarily in the United States and Europe. The aggregate carrying amount of conditional asset retirement obligations recognized by the Company (included in the asset retirement obligations balance shown below) was $19 million at December 31, 2025 ($19 million at December 31, 2024).

The following table shows changes in the aggregate carrying amount of the Company’s asset retirement obligations for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Asset Retirement Obligations20252024
In millions
Balance at Jan 1$174 $140 
Additional accruals 1
146 45 
Liabilities settled(6)(13)
Accretion expense
Revisions in estimated cash flows
Other(26)(5)
Balance at Dec 31$304 $174 
1.Includes accrual of $105 million for asset retirement obligations resulting from asset shutdowns related to the 2025 Restructuring Program discussed in Note 5.

The discount rate used to calculate the Company’s asset retirement obligations at December 31, 2025, was 4.59 percent (4.93 percent at December 31, 2024). These obligations are included in the consolidated balance sheets as "Accrued and other current liabilities" and "Other noncurrent obligations."

The Company has not recognized conditional asset retirement obligations for which a fair value cannot be reasonably estimated in its consolidated financial statements. Assets that have not been submitted/reviewed for potential demolition activities are considered to have continued usefulness and are generally still operating normally. Therefore, without a plan to demolish the assets or the expectation of a plan, such as shortening the useful life of assets for depreciation purposes in accordance with the accounting guidance related to property, plant and equipment, the Company is unable to reasonably forecast a time frame to use for present value calculations. As such, the Company has not recognized obligations for individual plants/buildings at its manufacturing sites where estimates of potential settlement dates cannot be reasonably made. In addition, the Company has not recognized conditional asset retirement obligations for the capping of its approximately 30 underground storage wells and 50 underground brine mining and other wells at Company-owned sites when there are no plans or expectations of plans to exit the sites. It is the opinion of the Company’s management that the possibility is remote that such conditional asset retirement obligations, when estimable, will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on current costs.
v3.25.4
LEASES (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Leases [Abstract]  
Lessee, Operating And Finance Leases LEASES
Operating lease ROU assets are included in "Operating lease right-of-use assets" while finance lease ROU assets are included in "Net property" in the consolidated balance sheets. With respect to lease liabilities, operating lease liabilities are included in "Operating lease liabilities - current" and "Operating lease liabilities - noncurrent," and finance lease liabilities are included in "Long-term debt due within one year" and "Long-Term Debt" in the consolidated balance sheets.
Dow routinely leases sales and administrative offices, power plants, production facilities, warehouses and tanks for product storage, aircraft, motor vehicles, railcars, office machines and equipment. Some leases contain renewal provisions, purchase options and escalation clauses and the terms for these leased assets vary depending on the lease agreement. These leased assets have remaining lease terms of up to 50 years. See Note 1 for additional information on leases.

The components of lease cost for operating and finance leases for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, were as follows:

Lease Cost202520242023
In millions
Operating lease cost$429 $433 $426 
Finance lease cost
Amortization of right-of-use assets - finance133 117 106 
Interest on lease liabilities - finance52 45 34 
Total finance lease cost185 162 140 
Short-term lease cost308 322 255 
Variable lease cost1,093 1,074 929 
Sublease income(7)(10)(9)
Total lease cost$2,008 $1,981 $1,741 

The following table provides supplemental cash flow and other information related to leases:

Other Lease Information202520242023
In millions
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases$437 $436 $424 
Operating cash flows for finance leases$52 $45 $34 
Financing cash flows for finance leases$123 $132 $127 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases$392 $241 $309 
Finance leases$287 $218 $234 

The following table summarizes the lease-related assets and liabilities recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Lease PositionBalance Sheet ClassificationDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millions
Assets
Operating lease assetsOperating lease right-of-use assets$1,356 $1,268 
Finance lease assetsProperty1,754 1,495 
Finance lease amortizationAccumulated depreciation(739)(619)
Total lease assets$2,371 $2,144 
Liabilities
Current
OperatingOperating lease liabilities - current$340 $318 
FinanceLong-term debt due within one year136 106 
Noncurrent
OperatingOperating lease liabilities - noncurrent1,097 984 
FinanceLong-Term Debt990 833 
Total lease liabilities$2,563 $2,241 
The weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate for leases recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are provided below:

Lease Term and Discount RateDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
Weighted-average remaining lease term
Operating leases6.6 years6.7 years
Finance leases8.7 years9.7 years
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases5.05 %4.84 %
Finance leases5.12 %5.00 %

The following table provides the maturities of lease liabilities at December 31, 2025:

Maturities of Lease LiabilitiesOperating LeasesFinance Leases
In millions
2026$397 $186 
2027337 168 
2028266 181 
2029176 136 
2030125 116 
2031 and thereafter418 638 
Total future undiscounted lease payments$1,719 $1,425 
Less: Imputed interest282 299 
Total present value of lease liabilities$1,437 $1,126 

At December 31, 2025, Dow had additional leases of approximately $492 million, primarily for buildings and equipment, which had not yet commenced. These leases are expected to commence between 2026 and 2028, with lease terms of up to 20 years.

Dow provides guarantees related to certain leased assets, specifying the residual value that will be available to the lessor at lease termination through the sale of the assets to the lessee or third parties. The following table provides a summary of the final expiration, maximum future payments and recorded liability reflected in the consolidated balance sheets for residual value guarantees at December 31, 2025 and 2024. The lease agreements do not contain any material restrictive covenants.

Lease GuaranteesDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millionsFinal ExpirationMaximum Future PaymentsRecorded LiabilityFinal ExpirationMaximum Future PaymentsRecorded Liability
Residual value guarantees2035$452 $— 2034$313 $— 
v3.25.4
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common Stock
The principal market for Dow Inc.'s common stock is the New York Stock Exchange, traded under the symbol “DOW.” Dow Inc. is the direct parent company of The Dow Chemical Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, ("TDCC" and together with Dow Inc., "Dow" or the "Company"), owning all of the outstanding common shares of TDCC.

The Company may issue shares of Dow Inc. common stock out of treasury stock or as new shares of common stock for options exercised and for the release of restricted stock units ("RSUs"), performance stock units ("PSUs"), the Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") and the Employees' Savings Plan (the "Savings Plan"). Common
stock shares issued to employees and non-employee directors was approximately 5.8 million in 2025 (5.9 million in 2024 and 6.9 million in 2023). See Note 20 for additional information on the Company's equity awards.

Retained Earnings
Dow Inc.
There are no significant restrictions limiting Dow Inc.’s ability to pay dividends. Dow Inc. declared dividends of $2.10 per share in 2025, and $2.80 per share in 2024 and 2023.

Undistributed earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates included in retained earnings was $798 million at December 31, 2025 and $758 million at December 31, 2024.

TDCC
TDCC's Board of Directors determines whether or not there will be a dividend distribution to Dow Inc. TDCC declared $1,491 million of dividends to Dow Inc. and paid $1,503 million of dividends to Dow Inc. in 2025 (declared $2,578 million and paid $2,485 million in 2024 and declared and paid $2,510 million in 2023).

Treasury Stock
On April 13, 2022, the Board approved a share repurchase program authorizing up to $3.0 billion for the repurchase of the Company's common stock, with no expiration date. The Company did not repurchase any of its common stock in 2025 ($494 million in 2024 and $625 million in 2023). Excise tax for repurchased shares was zero in 2025 (zero in 2024 and $2 million in 2023), and was included in treasury stock at cost. At December 31, 2025, $931 million of the share repurchase program authorization remained available for repurchases.

The Company issues treasury shares to satisfy its obligations to make matching contributions to plan participants under the Savings Plan. In addition, beginning on January 1, 2024, all eligible U.S. employees also received an automatic non-elective contribution of 4 percent of eligible compensation to their respective defined contribution plans. The Company issued 7.8 million treasury shares under its compensation and benefit plans in 2025, 4.3 million in 2024 and 2.3 million in 2023.

Compensation expense for issued shares is recorded at the fair value of the shares on the date of issuance. Compensation expense reflected in income before income taxes for treasury shares issued was $219 million in 2025, $229 million in 2024 and $120 million in 2023.

The following table provides a reconciliation of Dow Inc. common stock activity for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:

Shares of Dow Inc. Common StockIssuedHeld in Treasury
Balance at Jan 1, 2023771,678,525 66,798,605 
Issued 1
6,916,989 (2,347,747)
Repurchased— 11,851,223 
Balance at Jan 1, 2024778,595,514 76,302,081 
Issued 1
5,876,425 (4,304,574)
Repurchased— 8,861,638 
Balance at Jan 1, 2025784,471,939 80,859,145 
Issued 1
5,815,626 (7,793,993)
Balance at Dec 31, 2025790,287,565 73,065,152 
1.Shares issued to employees and non-employee directors under the Company's equity compensation and defined contribution plans.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The changes in each component of AOCL for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss202520242023
In millions
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
Beginning balance$(243)$(253)$(253)
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments97 39 (6)
Tax (expense) benefit(21)(17)54 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments76 22 48 
(Gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss) 1
(8)(15)(63)
Tax expense (benefit) 2
15 
Net (gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss)(6)(12)(48)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax70 10 — 
Ending balance$(173)$(243)$(253)
Cumulative Translation Adjustment
Beginning balance$(2,063)$(1,891)$(1,934)
Gains (losses) on foreign currency translation183 (150)57 
 Tax (expense) benefit58 (2)— 
Net gains (losses) on foreign currency translation241 (152)57 
(Gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss) 3
(38)(20)(14)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax203 (172)43 
Ending balance$(1,860)$(2,063)$(1,891)
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
Beginning balance$(5,720)$(5,486)$(4,877)
Gains (losses) arising during the period(188)(371)(1,454)
 Tax (expense) benefit38 77 349 
Net gains (losses) arising during the period(150)(294)(1,105)
Amortization of net loss and prior service credits reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss) 4
444 76 648 
Tax expense (benefit) 2
(103)(16)(152)
Net loss and prior service credits reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss)341 60 496 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax191 (234)(609)
Ending balance$(5,529)$(5,720)$(5,486)
Derivative Instruments
Beginning balance$(84)$(51)$(75)
Gains (losses) on derivative instruments(42)(65)(201)
Tax (expense) benefit22 30 
Net gains (losses) on derivative instruments(40)(43)(171)
(Gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss) 5
34 14 250 
Tax expense (benefit) 2
(8)(4)(55)
Net (gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss)26 10 195 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax(14)(33)24 
Ending balance$(98)$(84)$(51)
Total AOCL ending balance$(7,660)$(8,110)$(7,681)
1.Reclassified to "Net sales" and "Sundry income (expense) - net."
2.Reclassified to "Provision (credit) for income taxes."
3.Reclassified to "Sundry income (expense) - net."
4.These AOCL components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (credit) of the Company's defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans. See Note 19 for additional information.
5.Reclassified to "Cost of sales," "Sundry income (expense) - net" and "Interest expense and amortization of debt discount."
v3.25.4
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]  
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS
Ownership interests in the Company's subsidiaries held by parties other than the Company are presented separately from the Company's equity in the consolidated balance sheets as "Noncontrolling interests." The amount of consolidated net income attributable to the Company and the noncontrolling interests are both presented on the face of the consolidated statements of income.

On May 1, 2025, TDCC sold 40 percent of the membership interests in Diamond Infrastructure Solutions to InfraPark Holdings, LLC ("InfraPark"), a subsidiary of a fund managed by Macquarie Asset Management, a global infrastructure and energy asset manager, in exchange for cash proceeds of approximately $2.4 billion, inclusive of customary post-closing adjustments. On August 29, 2025, as provided under the terms of the sale and purchase agreement, InfraPark exercised its option to purchase an additional 9 percent of Diamond Infrastructure Solutions' membership interests in exchange for proceeds of approximately $540 million. Diamond Infrastructure Solutions and its subsidiaries own and operate certain non-product producing energy, environmental, pipeline and other related infrastructure assets located at five of the Company's manufacturing sites on the U.S. Gulf Coast and provide infrastructure services to Dow manufacturing assets and other third party tenants at these locations. InfraPark's ownership is accounted for as a noncontrolling interest in Diamond Infrastructure Solutions.

Cash proceeds from the sale of membership interests are included in "Proceeds from sale of noncontrolling interests" in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The transactions resulted in an increase in "Additional paid-in capital" of $1,879 million and an increase in "Noncontrolling interests" of $1,028 million, recorded in the consolidated balance sheets and the consolidated statements of equity, for the year ended December 31, 2025.

The following table summarizes the activity for equity attributable to noncontrolling interests for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:

Noncontrolling Interests
In millions202520242023
Balance at Jan 1$496 $501 $529 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 179 85 71 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests 1
(212)(69)(81)
Sale of noncontrolling interests1,028 — — 
Cumulative translation adjustments23 (20)(19)
Other— (1)
Balance at Dec 31$1,514 $496 $501 
1.Distributions to noncontrolling interests are net of $8 million in 2025 ($8 million in 2024 and 2023) in dividends paid to a joint venture, which were reclassified to "Equity in earnings (losses) of nonconsolidated affiliates" in the consolidated statements of income. In 2025, distributions include $47 million of dividends declared but not yet paid, included in "Accrued and other current liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets.
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
The Company has both funded and unfunded defined benefit pension plans in the United States and a number of other countries. The U.S. tax-qualified plan administered by TDCC is the largest plan. In 2021, the Company announced changes to the design of its U.S. tax-qualified and non-qualified pension plans (collectively, the "U.S. Plans"), which covered substantially all U.S. employees. As a result, effective December 31, 2023, the Company froze the pensionable compensation and credited service amounts used to calculate pension benefits for substantially all employees who participated in the U.S. Plans.

Separately, in the fourth quarter of 2023, certain Company pension plans in the United States and Canada purchased or converted to nonparticipating group annuity contracts from certain insurance companies, irrevocably transferring certain benefit obligations and related plan assets to the insurers. These transactions did not require any cash funding from the Company and did not impact the pension benefits of participants. As a result of these transactions, the Company recognized pretax, non-cash settlement charges of $642 million in 2023, primarily related to the accelerated recognition of a portion of the accumulated actuarial losses of the plans, recorded in “Sundry income (expense) – net” in the consolidated statements of income and related to Corporate.
In the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company terminated certain U.S. tax-qualified pension plans, which included the tax-qualified benefit obligations for substantially all employees hired after January 1, 2008. These employees earned benefits based on a set percentage of annual pay, plus interest. As part of the plan termination process, participants were offered a lump sum distribution, an immediate monthly annuity or a deferred payment, with the annuity and deferred payment options to be administered by a highly rated insurance company that assumes responsibility for the future administration and payment of benefits. The Company also terminated an additional pension plan in Europe, with the plan purchasing nonparticipating group annuity contracts from an insurance company. These transactions were funded with existing plan assets and did not require any cash funding from the Company. As a result of these actions, the Company recorded non-cash settlement charges of $323 million, primarily related to the accelerated recognition of the accumulated actuarial losses of the plans, recorded in “Sundry income (expense) – net” in the consolidated statements of income and related to Corporate. Additional actions by the Company resulted in total noncash settlement charges across all plans of $342 million for the year ended December 31, 2025.

The Company's funding policy is to contribute to the plans when pension laws and/or economics either require or encourage funding. Total global pension contributions were $209 million in 2025, which includes contributions necessary to fund benefit payments for the Company's unfunded pension plans. The Company expects to contribute approximately $180 million to its pension plans in 2026.

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine pension plan obligations and net periodic benefit cost for all plans are summarized in the table below:

Weighted-Average Assumptions for All Pension Plans Benefit Obligations
 at Dec 31
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
for the Year Ended
 20252024202520242023
Discount rate5.05 %5.13 %5.13 %4.73 %5.26 %
Interest crediting rate for applicable benefits3.87 %3.81 %3.81 %3.99 %4.19 %
Rate of compensation increase3.41 %3.40 %3.40 %3.80 %4.05 %
Expected return on plan assets6.24 %6.42 %6.62 %

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine pension plan obligations and net periodic benefit cost for U.S. plans are summarized in the table below:

Weighted-Average Assumptions for U.S. Pension PlansBenefit Obligations
 at Dec 31
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
for the Year Ended
20252024202520242023
Discount rate5.48 %5.74 %5.74 %5.30 %5.76 %
Interest crediting rate for applicable benefits4.50 %3.54 %3.54 %4.50 %4.50 %
Rate of compensation increase 1
— %— %— %4.25 %4.25 %
Expected return on plan assets7.04 %7.07 %7.46 %
1.The rate of compensation increase assumption is not relevant for the U.S. Plans at December 31, 2025 and 2024, and for the year ended December 31, 2025, due to the freezing of plan benefits.

Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
The Company provides certain health care and life insurance benefits to certain retired employees and survivors. The Company’s plans outside of the United States are not significant; therefore, this discussion relates to the U.S. plans only. The plans provide health care benefits, including hospital, physicians’ services, drug and major medical expense coverage, and life insurance benefits. In general, for employees hired before January 1, 1993, the plans provide benefits supplemental to Medicare when retirees are eligible for these benefits. The Company and the retiree share the cost of these benefits, with the Company portion increasing as the retiree has increased years of credited service, although there is a cap on the Company portion. The Company has the ability to change these benefits at any time. Employees hired after January 1, 2008, are not covered under the plans.
The Company funds most of the cost of these health care and life insurance benefits as incurred. In 2025, the Company did not make any contributions to its other postretirement benefit plan trusts. The trusts did not hold assets at December 31, 2025. The Company does not expect to contribute assets to its other postretirement benefit plan trusts in 2026.

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine other postretirement benefit plan obligations and net periodic benefit cost for the U.S. plans are provided below:

Weighted-Average Assumptions for U.S. Other Postretirement Benefits PlansBenefit Obligations
 at Dec 31
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
for the Year Ended
20252024202520242023
Discount rate5.32 %5.66 %5.66 %5.23 %5.57 %
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year7.50 %7.00 %7.00 %6.61 %6.79 %
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate health care cost trend rate)5.00 %5.00 %5.00 %5.00 %5.00 %
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate health care cost trend rate20362033203320332033

Assumptions
The Company determines the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets by performing a detailed analysis of key economic and market factors driving historical returns for each asset class and formulating a projected return based on factors in the current environment. Factors considered include, but are not limited to, inflation, real economic growth, interest rate yield, interest rate spreads and other valuation measures and market metrics. The expected long-term rate of return for each asset class is then weighted based on the strategic asset allocation approved by the governing body for each plan. The Company’s historical experience with the pension fund asset performance is also considered.

The Company uses the spot rate approach to determine the discount rate utilized to measure the service cost and interest cost components of net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit costs for the United States and other selected countries, as applicable. Under the spot rate approach, the Company calculates service cost and interest cost by applying individual spot rates from the Willis Towers Watson RATE:Link yield curve (based on high-quality corporate bond yields) for each selected country to the separate expected cash flow components of service cost and interest cost. Service cost and interest cost for all other plans are determined on the basis of the single equivalent discount rates derived in determining those plan obligations.

The discount rates utilized to measure the pension and other postretirement obligations of the U.S. plans are based on the yield on high-quality corporate fixed income investments at the measurement date. Future expected actuarially determined cash flows for the Company’s U.S. plans are individually discounted at the spot rates under the Willis Towers Watson U.S. RATE:Link 60-90 corporate yield curve (based on 60th to 90th percentile high-quality corporate bond yields) to arrive at the plan’s obligations as of the measurement date.

The Company’s mortality assumption used for the U.S. plans is a benefit-weighted version of the Society of Actuaries’ RP-2014 base table with future rates of mortality improvement based on a modified version of the assumptions used in the Social Security Administration’s 2021 trustees report. 
Summarized information on the Company's pension and other postretirement benefit plans is as follows:

Change in Projected Benefit Obligations, Plan Assets and Funded Status of All Significant PlansDefined Benefit Pension PlansOther Postretirement Benefit Plans
In millions2025202420252024
Change in projected benefit obligations:
Benefit obligations at beginning of year$21,010 $22,467 $812 $914 
Service cost45 57 
Interest cost989 1,005 40 44 
Plan participants' contributions11 16 — — 
Actuarial changes in assumptions and experience192 (877)(8)(56)
Benefits paid(1,301)(1,237)(90)(88)
Other— — 
Effect of foreign exchange rates666 (360)(5)
Settlements/curtailments/termination benefits 1
(895)(69)— — 
Benefit obligations at end of year$20,719 $21,010 $763 $812 
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year$18,169 $19,634 $— $— 
Actual return on plan assets 1,262 — — 
Employer contributions209 121 — — 
Plan participants' contributions11 16 — — 
Benefits paid(1,301)(1,237)— — 
Settlements 2
(895)(34)— — 
Other 3
— (56)— — 
Effect of foreign exchange rates544 (284)— — 
Fair value of plan assets at end of year$17,999 $18,169 $— $— 
Funded status:
U.S. plans with plan assets$(1,301)$(1,360)$— $— 
Non-U.S. plans with plan assets(809)(888)— — 
All other plans(610)(593)(763)(812)
Funded status at end of year$(2,720)$(2,841)$(763)$(812)
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets at Dec 31:
Deferred charges and other assets$860 $757 $— $— 
Accrued and other current liabilities(86)(73)(73)(77)
Pension and other postretirement benefits - noncurrent(3,494)(3,525)(690)(735)
Net amount recognized$(2,720)$(2,841)$(763)$(812)
Pretax amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss at Dec 31:
Net loss (gain)$7,709 $7,996 $(379)$(417)
Prior service credit(39)(44)— — 
Pretax balance in accumulated other comprehensive loss at end of year$7,670 $7,952 $(379)$(417)
1.The 2025 impact primarily relates to the settlement and termination of certain pension plans in the United States and Europe and special termination benefits and settlement of certain benefit obligations for a European plan resulting from the 2025 Restructuring Program. The 2024 impact primarily relates to the curtailment, special termination benefits and settlement of certain pension benefit obligations of a European plan resulting from the 2023 Restructuring Program, and the settlement and curtailment impacts of certain pension benefit obligations in Canada, China and Europe.
2.The 2025 impact primarily relates to the settlement and termination of certain pension plans in the United States and Europe and also includes special termination benefits and settlement of certain benefit obligations for a European plan resulting from the 2025 Restructuring Program. The 2024 impact primarily relates to the settlement of certain pension benefit obligations of a European plan resulting from the 2023 Restructuring Program and settlement of certain pension benefit obligations in Canada.
3.The 2024 impact primarily relates to the reversion of pension plan funds for a portion of the excess funding of one of its plans in Europe.

Significant components of the overall decrease in the Company's benefit obligation for the year ended December 31, 2025, were benefits paid and settlement of certain pension benefit obligations, partially offset by interest cost and the effect of foreign exchange rates. Significant components of the overall decrease in the Company's benefit obligation for the year ended December 31, 2024, were benefits paid and the change in weighted-average discount rates, which increased from 4.73 percent at December 31, 2023, to 5.13 percent at December 31, 2024.
The accumulated benefit obligation for all significant pension plans was $20.6 billion and $20.9 billion at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Pension Plans with Accumulated Benefit Obligations in Excess of Plan Assets at Dec 31 20252024
In millions
Accumulated benefit obligations$17,840 $17,455 
Fair value of plan assets$14,302 $13,905 

Pension Plans with Projected Benefit Obligations in Excess of Plan Assets at Dec 3120252024
In millions
Projected benefit obligations$17,882 $17,502 
Fair value of plan assets$14,302 $13,905 

Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) for All Significant Plans for the Year Ended Dec 31Defined Benefit Pension PlansOther Postretirement Benefit Plans
In millions202520242023202520242023
Net Periodic Benefit Costs:
Service cost$45 $57 $272 $$$
Interest cost989 1,005 1,110 40 44 45 
Expected return on plan assets(1,282)(1,380)(1,539)— — — 
Amortization of prior service credit(14)(14)(26)— — — 
Amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss164 141 89 (46)(41)(57)
Curtailment/settlement/other 1
342 (10)642 — — — 
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)$244 $(201)$548 $(3)$$(8)
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss:
Net (gain) loss$208 $444 $1,395 $(8)$(56)$64 
Prior service cost— — — — — 
Amortization of prior service credit14 14 26 — — — 
Amortization of unrecognized gain (loss)(164)(141)(89)46 41 57 
Curtailment and settlement gain (loss) 1
(340)10 (642)— — — 
Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss$(282)$327 $696 $38 $(15)$121 
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive (income) loss$(38)$126 $1,244 $35 $(9)$113 
1.The 2025 impact primarily relates to the settlement and termination of certain pension plans in the United States and Europe and also includes special termination benefits and settlement of certain benefit obligations for a European plan resulting from the 2025 Restructuring Program. The 2024 impact primarily relates to the settlement of certain plan obligations of a European plan resulting from the 2023 Restructuring Program and curtailments and settlement of certain pension benefit obligations in Canada, China and Europe. The 2023 impact relates to the settlement of certain pension benefit obligations in the United States and Canada through the purchase of or conversion to annuity contracts from insurance companies.

Except for curtailment, special termination benefits, and settlement costs related to the 2023 and 2025 Restructuring Programs, which are included in “Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges – net” in the consolidated statements of income, non-service cost components of net periodic benefit cost are included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income. See Notes 5 and 6 for additional information.
Estimated Future Benefit Payments
The estimated future benefit payments, reflecting expected future service, as appropriate, are presented in the following table:

Estimated Future Benefit Payments at Dec 31, 2025
Defined Benefit Pension PlansOther Postretirement Benefit Plans
In millions
2026$1,528 $75 
20271,396 72 
20281,417 70 
20291,421 67 
20301,432 64 
2031 - 20357,086 275 
Total$14,280 $623 

Plan Assets
Plan assets consist primarily of equity and fixed income securities of United States and foreign issuers, and include alternative investments, such as real estate, private equity and absolute return strategies. Plan assets totaled $18.0 billion at December 31, 2025 and $18.2 billion at December 31, 2024 and included no directly held common stock of Dow Inc.

The Company's investment strategy for plan assets is to manage the assets in relation to the liability in order to pay retirement benefits to plan participants over the life of the plans. This is accomplished by identifying and managing the exposure to various market risks, diversifying investments across various asset classes and earning an acceptable long-term rate of return consistent with an acceptable amount of risk, while considering the liquidity needs of the plans.

The plans are permitted to use derivative instruments for investment purposes, as well as for hedging the underlying asset and liability exposure and rebalancing the asset allocation. The plans use value-at-risk, stress testing, scenario analysis and Monte Carlo simulations to monitor and manage both the risk within the portfolios and the surplus risk of the plans.

Equity securities primarily include investments in large- and small-cap companies located in both developed and emerging markets around the world. Fixed income securities include investment and non-investment grade corporate bonds of companies diversified across industries, U.S. treasuries, non-U.S. developed market securities, U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities, emerging market securities and fixed income related funds. Alternative investments primarily include investments in real estate, private equity and absolute return strategies. Other significant investment types include various insurance contracts and interest rate, equity, commodity and foreign exchange derivative investments and hedges.

The Company mitigates the credit risk of investments by establishing guidelines with investment managers that limit investment in any single issue or issuer to an amount that is not material to the portfolio being managed. These guidelines are monitored for compliance both by the Company and external managers. Credit risk related to derivative activity is mitigated by utilizing multiple counterparties, collateral support agreements and centralized clearing, where appropriate. A short-term investment money market fund is utilized as the sweep vehicle for the U.S. plans, which from time to time can represent a significant investment.

The weighted-average target allocation for plan assets of the Company's pension plans is summarized as follows:

Target Allocation for Plan Assets at Dec 31, 2025
Target Allocation
Asset Category
Equity securities21 %
Fixed income securities49 
Alternative investments26 
Other investments
Total 100 %
Fair value calculations may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, although the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

For pension plan assets classified as Level 1 measurements (measured using quoted prices in active markets), total fair value is either the price of the most recent trade at the time of the market close or the official close price, as defined by the exchange on which the asset is most actively traded on the last trading day of the period, multiplied by the number of units held without consideration of transaction costs.

For pension plan assets classified as Level 2 measurements, where the security is frequently traded in less active markets, fair value is based on the closing price at the end of the period; where the security is less frequently traded, fair value is based on the price a dealer would pay for the security or similar securities, adjusted for any terms specific to that asset or liability. Market inputs are obtained from well-established and recognized vendors of market data and subjected to tolerance and quality checks. For derivative assets and liabilities, standard industry models are used to calculate the fair value of the various financial instruments based on significant observable market inputs, such as foreign exchange rates, commodity prices, swap rates, interest rates and implied volatilities obtained from various market sources. For other pension plan assets for which observable inputs are used, fair value is derived through the use of fair value models, such as a discounted cash flow model or other standard pricing models.

For pension plan assets classified as Level 3 measurements, total fair value is based on significant unobservable inputs including assumptions where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment.

Certain pension plan assets are held in funds where fair value is based on an estimated net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as of the most recently available fund financial statements which are received on a monthly or quarterly basis. These valuations are reviewed for reasonableness based on applicable sector, benchmark and company performance. Adjustments to valuations are made where appropriate to arrive at an estimated net asset value per share at the measurement date. These funds are not classified within the fair value hierarchy.
The following table summarizes the bases used to measure the Company’s pension plan assets at fair value at December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Basis of Fair Value MeasurementsDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millionsTotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents$2,114 $1,765 $349 $— $1,319 $1,087 $232 $— 
Equity securities:
U.S. equity securities$1,448 $1,438 $$$1,474 $1,466 $$
Non - U.S. equity securities929 906 17 1,620 1,488 127 
Total equity securities$2,377 $2,344 $25 $$3,094 $2,954 $134 $
Fixed income securities:
Debt - government-issued$3,722 $$3,721 $— $3,805 $— $3,805 $— 
Debt - corporate-issued2,839 374 2,465 — 3,189 308 2,881 — 
Debt - asset-backed35 — 35 — 42 — 42 — 
Total fixed income securities$6,596 $375 $6,221 $— $7,036 $308 $6,728 $— 
Alternative investments:
Private markets$— $— $— $— $$— $— $
Real estate26 26 — — 19 19 — — 
Derivatives - asset position214 212 — 242 237 — 
Derivatives - liability position(409)(2)(407)— (423)(5)(418)— 
Total alternative investments$(169)$26 $(195)$— $(161)$19 $(181)$
Other investments$828 $— $828 $— $1,180 $— $1,180 $— 
Subtotal$11,746 $4,510 $7,228 $$12,468 $4,368 $8,093 $
Investments measured at net asset value:
Hedge funds$946 $839 
Private markets4,109 3,556 
Real estate1,317 1,423 
Total investments measured at net asset value$6,372 $5,818 
Items to reconcile to fair value of plan assets:
Pension trust receivables 1
$49    $81    
Pension trust payables 2
(168)   (198)   
Total$17,999    $18,169    
1.Primarily receivables for investment securities sold.
2.Primarily payables for investment securities purchased.
The following table summarizes the changes in the fair value of Level 3 pension plan assets for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Fair Value Measurement of Level 3 Pension Plan AssetsEquity SecuritiesFixed Income SecuritiesAlternative InvestmentsTotal
In millions
Balance at Jan 1, 2024$$$$
Actual return on assets:
Relating to assets held at Dec 31, 2024(1)— — (1)
Purchases, sales and settlements, net(1)— — (1)
Transfers into Level 3, net(1)— 
Balance at Dec 31, 2024$$— $$
Actual return on assets:
Relating to assets held at Dec 31, 2025— (1)
Balance at Dec 31, 2025$$— $— $

Defined Contribution Plans
U.S. employees may participate in defined contribution plans by contributing a portion of their compensation, which is partially matched by the Company. In addition, beginning on January 1, 2024, all eligible U.S. employees also receive an automatic non-elective contribution of 4 percent of eligible compensation to their respective defined contribution plans. Defined contribution plans also cover employees in some subsidiaries in other countries, including Canada, China, the Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Expense recognized for all defined contribution plans was $312 million in 2025, $312 million in 2024 and $214 million in 2023.
v3.25.4
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company grants stock-based compensation to employees and non-employee directors under stock incentive plans, in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, PSUs and RSUs. The Company also provides stock-based compensation in the form of the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which grants eligible employees the right to purchase shares of the Company's common stock at a discounted price.

The total stock-based compensation expense included in the consolidated statements of income was $154 million, $159 million and $212 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The income tax benefits related to stock-based compensation arrangements were $34 million, $35 million and $47 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
The Company grants stock-based compensation awards that vest over a specified period or upon employees meeting certain performance and/or retirement eligibility criteria. The fair value of equity instruments issued to employees is measured on the grant date. The fair value of liability instruments (granted to executive employees subject to stock ownership requirements, that provide the recipient the option to elect to receive a cash payment equal to the value of the stock award on the date of delivery) is measured at the end of each quarter. The fair value of equity and liability instruments is expensed over the vesting period or, in the case of retirement, from the grant date to the date on which retirement eligibility provisions have been met and additional service is no longer required. The Company estimates expected forfeitures based on historical activity.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option valuation model to estimate the fair value of stock options. The weighted-average assumptions used to calculate total stock-based compensation are included in the following table:

Weighted-Average Assumptions202520242023
Dividend yield 1
5.20 %5.08 %4.74 %
Expected volatility29.77 %29.70 %30.30 %
Risk-free interest rate4.44 %4.24 %3.83 %
Expected life of stock options granted during period (years)6.506.006.00
1.Beginning in 2025, the Company revised its method for determining the dividend yield assumption used in valuing stock options. The Company now uses the average historical dividend yield over the prior three years rather than the grant-date yield. This change was made to better reflect the historical stability of dividend payments and available information at the valuation date.
The dividend yield assumption was equal to the average historical dividend yield over the past three years, which reflected the Company's quarterly dividend payments of $0.70 per share in 2024, 2023 and 2022 on Dow Inc. common stock. The expected volatility assumptions for the 2025, 2024 and 2023 stock options were based on an equal weighting of the historical daily volatility for the expected term of the awards and current implied volatility from exchange-traded options. The expected volatility assumption for the market portion of the 2025, 2024 and 2023 PSU awards were based on historical daily volatility for the term of the award. The risk-free interest rate was based on the U.S. Treasury strip rates over the expected life of the 2025, 2024 and 2023 options. The expected life of stock options granted was based on an analysis of historical exercise patterns.

Stock Incentive Plan
The Company has historically granted equity awards under various plans (the "Prior Plans"). On February 9, 2012, the TDCC Board of Directors authorized The Dow Chemical Company 2012 Stock Incentive Plan (the "2012 Plan"), which was approved by stockholders at TDCC's annual meeting on May 10, 2012 ("2012 Plan Effective Date"), and became effective on that date. On February 13, 2014, the TDCC Board of Directors adopted The Dow Chemical Company Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Incentive Plan (the "2012 Restated Plan"). The 2012 Restated Plan was approved by stockholders at TDCC's annual meeting on May 15, 2014, and became effective on that date. The Prior Plans were superseded by the 2012 Plan and the 2012 Restated Plan (collectively, the "2012 Plan"). Under the 2012 Plan, the Company granted options, RSUs, PSUs, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights and stock units to employees and non-employee directors, subject to an aggregate limit and annual individual limits. The terms of the grants were fixed at the grant date. TDCC's stock-based compensation programs were assumed by DowDuPont and continued in place with the ability to grant and issue DowDuPont common stock until separation.

On April 1, 2019 ("Original Effective Date"), in connection with the separation, the Company adopted the 2019 Stock Incentive Plan (the "2019 Plan"). On February 11, 2021, the Board approved the first amendment, which was approved by the Company's stockholders at the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on April 15, 2021. Under the 2019 Plan, as amended in 2021, the Company may grant stock options, RSUs, PSUs, stock appreciation rights and stock units to employees and non-employee directors until the tenth anniversary of the Original Effective Date, subject to an aggregate limit and annual individual limits. The terms of the grants are fixed at the grant date. At December 31, 2025, there were approximately 26 million shares of common stock available for grant under the 2019 Plan.
Stock Options
The Company grants stock options to certain employees, subject to certain annual and individual limits, with terms of the grants fixed at the grant date. The exercise price of each stock option equals the market price of the common stock on the grant date. Options vest from one year to three years and have a maximum term of ten years. The following table summarizes stock option activity for 2025:

Stock Options 2025
Shares in thousandsShares
Exercise
Price 1
Outstanding at Jan 1, 202513,370 $57.35 
Granted1,779 $38.27 
Forfeited/Expired(1,038)$49.81 
Outstanding at Dec 31, 202514,111 $55.50 
Remaining contractual life in years4.53
Aggregate intrinsic value in millions$— 
Exercisable at Dec 31, 202511,191 $58.07 
Remaining contractual life in years3.47
Aggregate intrinsic value in millions$— 
1. Weighted-average per share.

Additional Information about Stock Options
In millions, except per share amounts202520242023
Weighted-average fair value per share of options granted$8.26 $10.94 $12.13 
Total compensation expense for stock option plans$14 $13 $13 
Related tax benefit$$$
Total amount of cash received from the exercise of options$— $53 $77 
Total intrinsic value of options exercised 1
$— $$40 
Related tax benefit$— $$
1.Difference between the market price at exercise and the price paid by the employee to exercise the options.

Total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock option awards of $5 million at December 31, 2025, is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.81 years.

Restricted Stock Units
The Company grants RSUs to certain employees and non-employee directors. The grants vest after a designated period of time, one to three years for employees and two years for non-employee directors. The following table shows changes in nonvested RSUs:

RSU Awards2025
Shares in thousandsShares
Grant Date
Fair Value 1
Nonvested at Jan 1, 20254,125 $57.09 
Granted3,109 $37.90 
Vested(2,250)$50.55 
Canceled(246)$46.60 
Nonvested at Dec 31, 20254,738 $48.15 
1.Weighted-average per share.
Additional Information about RSUs
In millions, except per share amounts202520242023
Weighted-average fair value per share of RSUs granted$37.90 $55.14 $58.39 
Total fair value of RSUs vested 1
$65 $86 $117 
Related tax benefit$14 $19 $26 
Total compensation expense for RSU awards$112 $110 $103 
Related tax benefit$25 $24 $23 
1.Includes the fair value of shares vested in prior years and delivered in the reporting year.

Total unrecognized compensation cost related to RSU awards of $87 million at December 31, 2025 is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.70 years. At December 31, 2025, approximately 2.3 million RSUs with a grant date weighted-average fair value per share of $49.61 had previously vested, but were not issued. These shares are scheduled to be issued to employees within six months to three years or to non-employee directors upon retirement.

Performance Stock Units
The Company grants PSUs to certain employees. The grants vest when the Company attains specified performance targets, such as return on capital, cumulative cash from operations, environmental, social and governance metrics, and relative total shareholder return, over a predetermined period, generally one year to three years. Performance and payouts are determined independently for each metric. Compensation expense related to PSU awards is recognized over the lesser of the service or performance period. Changes in the fair value of liability instruments are recognized as compensation expense each quarter.

The following table shows the PSU awards granted:

PSU Awards
Target
Shares
Granted 1
Grant Date
Fair
Value 2
Shares in thousands
YearPerformance Period
2025
Various 3
24 $31.27 
2025Jan 1, 2025 - Dec 31, 20272,044 $38.46 
2024
Various 3
11 $51.93 
2024Jan 1, 2024 - Dec 31, 20261,366 $58.43 
2023
Dec 18, 2023 – Dec 18, 2026 3
13 $54.25 
2023Jan 1, 2023 – Dec 31, 20251,233 $64.04 
1.At the end of the performance period, the actual number of shares issued can range from zero to 200 percent of target shares granted for the Jan 1 - Dec 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 awards, and zero to 100 percent of target shares granted for the Dec 18, 2023 - Dec 18, 2026 and various 2024 and 2025 awards.
2.Weighted-average per share.
3.PSU awards granted with a three-year performance period and vest based on completion of a Company initiative.

The following table shows changes in nonvested PSUs:

PSUs2025
Shares in thousandsShares
Grant Date
Fair
Value 1
Nonvested at Jan 1, 20253,619 $62.44 
Granted2,068 $38.38 
Vested 2
(1,095)$65.82 
Canceled(127)$46.90 
Nonvested at Dec 31, 20254,465 $50.93 
1.Weighted-average per share.
2.Includes 655,910 shares that were not delivered at vesting due to the final performance of the program.
Additional Information about PSUs 
In millions, except share amounts202520242023
Total fair value of PSUs vested and delivered 1
$17 $127 $77 
Related tax benefit$$28 $17 
Total compensation expense for PSU awards $$$67 
Related tax benefit$$$15 
Shares of PSUs settled in cash (in thousands) 2
112 398 369 
Total cash paid to settle PSUs 3
$$44 $21 
1.Includes the fair value of shares vested in prior years and delivered in the reporting year.
2.PSU awards vested in prior years and delivered in the reporting year.
3.Cash paid to certain executive employees for PSU awards vested in prior periods and delivered in the reporting year, equal to the value of the stock award on the date of delivery.

Total unrecognized compensation cost related to PSU awards of $24 million at December 31, 2025, is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.81 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Board unanimously approved the Dow Inc. 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "2021 ESPP"), which was approved by the Company's stockholders at the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on April 15, 2021. Under the 2025 ESPP offering, most employees were eligible to purchase shares of common stock of Dow Inc. valued at up to 10 percent of their annual total base salary or wages. The number of shares purchased was determined using the amount contributed by the employee divided by the plan price. The plan price of the stock was equal to 85 percent of the fair market value (closing price) of the common stock at March 31, 2025 (beginning) or October 3, 2025 (ending) of the offering period, whichever was lower.

In 2025, employees subscribed to the right to purchase approximately 4.2 million shares at a weighted-average price of $20.25 per share. The plan price was fixed upon the close of the offering period. The shares were delivered to employees in the fourth quarter of 2025.

In 2024, employees subscribed to the right to purchase approximately 2.4 million shares at a weighted-average price of $47.04 per share. The plan price was fixed upon the close of the offering period. The shares were delivered to employees in the fourth quarter of 2024.

In 2023, employees subscribed to the right to purchase approximately 2.6 million shares at a weighted-average price of $42.27 per share. The plan price was fixed upon the close of the offering period. The shares were delivered to employees in the fourth quarter of 2023.

Additional Information about Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In millions, except per share amounts
202520242023
Weighted-average fair value per share of purchase rights granted$7.44 $11.71 $11.75 
Total compensation expense for ESPP$24 $27 $29 
Related tax benefit$$$
Total amount of cash received from the exercise of purchase rights$85 $113 $111 
Total intrinsic value of purchase rights exercised 1
$15 $20 $20 
Related tax benefit$$$
1.Difference between the market price at exercise and the price paid by the employee to exercise the purchase rights.
v3.25.4
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Investments, All Other Investments [Abstract]  
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Refer to Note 22 for a summary of the fair value of financial instruments at December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Debt Securities
The Company’s investments in debt securities are primarily classified as available-for-sale. The following table provides the investing results from available-for-sale securities for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023.

Investing Results
In millions202520242023
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities$606 $1,821 $985 
Gross realized gains$19 $36 $89 
Gross realized losses$(11)$(21)$(26)

The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of the Company’s investments in debt securities:

Contractual Maturities of Debt Securities at Dec 31, 2025
CostFair
Value
In millions
Within one year$120 $115 
One to five years1,058 996 
Six to ten years507 510 
After ten years660 582 
Total$2,345 $2,203 

Portfolio managers regularly review the Company’s holdings to determine if any investments in debt securities are other-than-temporarily impaired. The analysis includes reviewing the amount of the impairment, as well as the length of time it has been impaired.

The credit rating of the issuer, current credit rating trends, the trends of the issuer’s overall sector, the ability of the issuer to pay expected cash flows and the length of time the security has been in a loss position are considered in determining whether unrealized losses represent an other-than-temporary impairment. The Company did not have any credit-related losses in 2025, 2024 or 2023.

The following table provides the fair value and gross unrealized losses of the Company’s investments in debt securities that were deemed to be temporarily impaired at December 31, 2025 and 2024, aggregated by investment category:

Temporarily Impaired Debt Securities at
Dec 31
Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized Losses
In millions
2025
Government debt 1
$283 $(9)$522 $(74)$805 $(83)
Corporate bonds370 (42)334 (51)704 (93)
Total temporarily impaired debt securities$653 $(51)$856 $(125)$1,509 $(176)
2024
Government debt 1
$388 $(18)$482 $(105)$870 $(123)
Corporate bonds334 (55)486 (83)820 (138)
Total temporarily impaired debt securities$722 $(73)$968 $(188)$1,690 $(261)
1.U.S. Treasury obligations, U.S. agency obligations, U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities and other municipalities' obligations.
Equity Securities
There were no material adjustments to the carrying value of the not readily determinable investments for impairment or observable price changes for the year ended December 31, 2025. The net unrealized loss recognized in earnings on equity securities totaled $5 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 ($1 million net unrealized gain for the year ended December 31, 2024).

Investments in Equity SecuritiesDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millions
Readily determinable fair value$$14 
Not readily determinable fair value 1
$225 $153 
1.In 2025, the Company recorded a $33 million upward adjustment to the carrying value of an equity security with no readily determinable fair value due to a financing round performed by the privately held investee. The equity issuance was determined to be an orderly transaction of a similar investment with an observable price change. There have been no other life-to-date material adjustments to the carrying value of investments without readily determinable fair values for impairment or observable price changes.

Risk Management
The Company’s business operations give rise to market risk exposure due to changes in foreign exchange rates, interest rates, commodity prices and other market factors such as equity prices. To manage such risks effectively, the Company enters into hedging transactions, pursuant to established guidelines and policies that enable it to mitigate the adverse effects of financial market risk. Derivatives used for this purpose are designated as hedges per the accounting guidance related to derivatives and hedging activities, where appropriate. A secondary objective is to add value by creating additional non-specific exposure within established limits and policies; derivatives used for this purpose are not designated as hedges. The potential impact of creating such additional exposure is not material to the Company’s results. Accounting guidance requires companies to recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value.

The Company’s risk management program for interest rate, foreign currency and commodity risks is based on fundamental, mathematical and technical models that take into account the implicit cost of hedging. Risks created by derivative instruments and the mark-to-market valuations of positions are strictly monitored at all times, using value-at-risk and stress tests. Counterparty credit risk arising from these contracts is not significant because the Company minimizes counterparty concentration, deals primarily with major financial institutions of solid credit quality, and the majority of its hedging transactions mature in less than three months. In addition, the Company minimizes concentrations of credit risk through its global orientation by transacting with large, internationally diversified financial counterparties. It is the Company’s policy to not have credit risk-related contingent features in its derivative instruments. No significant concentration of counterparty credit risk existed at December 31, 2025. The Company does not anticipate losses from credit risk, and the net cash requirements arising from counterparty risk associated with risk management activities are not expected to be material in 2026.

The Company revises its strategies as market conditions dictate and management reviews its overall financial strategies and the impacts from using derivatives in its risk management program with the Company’s senior leadership who also reviews these strategies with the Board and/or relevant committees thereof.

Derivative Instruments
The notional amounts of the Company's derivative instruments at December 31, 2025 and 2024, were as follows:

Notional Amounts 1
Dec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millions
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts$600 $1,870 
Foreign currency contracts$5,114 $3,144 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts$97 $14 
Foreign currency contracts$10,560 $9,244 
1.Notional amounts represent the absolute value of open derivative positions at the end of the period. Multi-leg option positions are reflected at the maximum notional position at expiration.
The notional amounts of the Company's commodity derivatives at December 31, 2025 and 2024, were as follows:

Commodity Notionals 1
Dec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024Notional Volume Unit
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Hydrocarbon derivatives9.5 3.2 million barrels of oil equivalent
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Hydrocarbon derivatives1.4 1.1 million barrels of oil equivalent
1.Notional amounts represent the net volume of open derivative positions outstanding at the end of the period.

Maximum Maturity Dates of Derivatives Designated as Hedging InstrumentsYear
Interest rate contracts2027
Foreign currency contracts2027
Commodity contracts2028

Interest Rate Risk Management
The main objective of interest rate risk management is to reduce the total funding cost to the Company and to alter the interest rate exposure to the desired risk profile. To achieve this objective, the Company hedges using interest rate swaps, “swaptions,” and exchange-traded instruments.

Foreign Currency Risk Management
The global nature of the Company's business requires active participation in the foreign exchange markets. The Company has assets, liabilities and cash flows in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The primary objective of the Company's foreign currency risk management is to optimize the U.S. dollar value of net assets and cash flows. To achieve this objective, the Company hedges on a net exposure basis using foreign currency forward contracts, over-the-counter option contracts, cross-currency swaps and nonderivative instruments in foreign currencies. Exposures primarily relate to assets, liabilities and bonds denominated in foreign currencies, as well as economic exposure, which is derived from the risk that currency fluctuations could affect the dollar value of future cash flows related to operating activities.

Commodity Risk Management
The Company has exposure to the prices of commodities in its procurement of certain raw materials. The primary purpose of commodity hedging activities is to manage the price volatility associated with these forecasted inventory purchases.

Derivatives Not Designated in Hedging Relationships
Foreign Currency Contracts
The Company also uses foreign exchange forward contracts, options and cross-currency swaps that are not designated as hedging instruments primarily to manage foreign currency exposure.

Commodity Contracts
The Company utilizes futures, options and swap instruments that are effective as economic hedges of commodity price exposures, but do not meet hedge accounting criteria for derivatives and hedging, to reduce exposure to commodity price fluctuations on purchases of raw materials and inventory.

Interest Rate Contracts
The Company uses swap instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments to manage interest rate exposures. The Company uses interest rate swaps, "swaptions," and exchange-traded instruments to accomplish this objective.

Total Return Swaps
The Company uses total return swaps that are not designated as hedging instruments to manage equity indexed based exposures in employee benefit plans.
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Cash Flow Hedges
For derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedging instruments, the gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in AOCL; it is reclassified to income in the same period or periods that the hedged transaction affects income. The unrealized amounts in AOCL fluctuate based on changes in the fair value of open contracts at the end of each reporting period. The Company anticipates volatility in AOCL and net income from its cash flow hedges. The amount of volatility varies with the level of derivative activities and market conditions during any period.

The designated portion of the mark-to-market effects of the foreign currency contracts is recorded in AOCL; it is reclassified to income in the same period or periods that the underlying item affects income, except for amounts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness that are recognized in earnings through an amortization approach.

Commodity swaps, futures and option contracts with maturities of not more than 60 months are utilized and designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted commodity purchases. The designated portion of the mark-to-market effect of the cash flow hedge instrument is recorded in AOCL; it is reclassified to income in the same period or periods that the underlying commodity purchase affects income.

Fair Value Hedges
For interest rate instruments that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedge item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current period income and reflected as “Interest expense and amortization of debt discount” in the consolidated statements of income, except for amounts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness that are recognized in earnings through an amortization approach.

Net Foreign Investment Hedges
The Company designates derivatives that qualify as effective net foreign investment hedges, the results of which are presented in the effect of derivative instruments table. The Company also utilizes non-derivative instruments as net foreign investment hedges. The Company had outstanding foreign-currency denominated debt designated as a hedge of net foreign investment of $2,121 million at December 31, 2025 ($2,466 million at December 31, 2024).
The following table provides the fair value and balance sheet classification of derivative instruments at December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Fair Value of Derivative InstrumentsDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millionsGross
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting 1
Net 2
Gross
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting 1
Net 2
Asset derivatives
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts 3
$$(9)$— $20 $(20)$— 
Interest rate contracts 4
(8)— — — 
Foreign currency contracts 3
54 (32)22 33 (15)18 
Commodity contracts 3
171 (147)24 25 (14)11 
Commodity contracts 4
54 (48)46 (36)10 
Total$297 $(244)$53 $124 $(85)$39 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Foreign currency contracts 3
$44 $(36)$$74 $(16)$58 
Commodity contracts 3
21 (17)16 (1)15 
Commodity contracts 4
— (3)
Total$67 $(53)$14 $94 $(20)$74 
Total asset derivatives $364 $(297)$67 $218 $(105)$113 
Liability derivatives
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts 5
$12 $(9)$$46 $(20)$26 
Interest rate contracts 6
(8)— — — — 
Foreign currency contracts 5
71 (32)39 75 (15)60 
Foreign currency contracts 6
— — — 40 — 40 
Commodity contracts 5
182 (162)20 16 (14)
Commodity contracts 6
54 (48)37 (36)
Total$327 $(259)$68 $214 $(85)$129 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts 5
$$— $$$— $
Foreign currency contracts 5
84 (36)48 27 (16)11 
Commodity contracts 5
21 (17)(1)
Commodity contracts 6
— (3)
Total$107 $(53)$54 $40 $(20)$20 
Total liability derivatives $434 $(312)$122 $254 $(105)$149 
1.Counterparty and cash collateral amounts represent the estimated net settlement amount when applying netting and set-off rights included in master netting arrangements between the Company and its counterparties and the payable or receivable for cash collateral held or placed with the same counterparty.
2.Represents the net amounts included in the consolidated balance sheets.
3.Included in "Other current assets" in the consolidated balance sheets.
4.Included in "Deferred charges and other assets" in the consolidated balance sheets.
5.Included in "Accrued and other current liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets.
6.Included in "Other noncurrent obligations" in the consolidated balance sheets.
Assets and liabilities related to forward contracts, interest rate swaps, currency swaps, options and other conditional or exchange contracts executed with the same counterparty under a master netting arrangement are netted. Collateral accounts are netted with corresponding assets or liabilities, when applicable. The Company posted cash collateral of $20 million at December 31, 2025 ($16 million at December 31, 2024). No cash collateral was posted by counterparties with the Company at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) of derivative instruments in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:

Effect of Derivative Instruments
Gain (loss) recognized in OCI 1
Gain (loss) recognized in income 2
In millions202520242023202520242023
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate contracts 3, 4
$— $— $— $17 $(40)$— 
Excluded components 3, 5
(18)— — — 
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts 3
— (5)(13)(10)
Foreign currency contracts 6
21 (72)20 (13)
Foreign currency contracts 7
(5)— — — — — 
Commodity contracts 6
(42)28 (152)(18)— (242)
Excluded components 5, 6
(1)(8)(4)(7)(7)— 
Excluded components 5,7
— — — — 
Net foreign investment hedges:
Foreign currency contracts(82)20 60 — — — 
Excluded components 5, 7
42 26 36 39 18 29 
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments$(52)$$(53)$22 $(36)$(221)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate contracts 3
$— $— $— $$— $— 
Foreign currency contracts 7
— — — (189)183 (156)
Commodity contracts 6
— — — (18)12 
Commodity contracts 7
— — — — — 
Total return swap 6
— — — 54 44 14 
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments$— $— $— $(147)$239 $(141)
Total derivatives$(52)$$(53)$(125)$203 $(362)
1.OCI is defined as other comprehensive income (loss).
2.Pretax amounts.
3.Included in "Interest expense and amortization of debt discount" in the consolidated statements of income.
4.Gain (loss) recognized in income of derivatives is offset by gain (loss) recognized in income of the hedged item.
5.The excluded components are related to the time value of the derivatives designated as hedges.
6.Included in "Cost of sales" in the consolidated statements of income.
7.Included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income.

The following table provides the net after-tax gain (loss) expected to be reclassified from AOCL to income within the next 12 months:

Expected Reclassifications from AOCL within the next 12 monthsDec 31,
2025
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts$(3)
Commodity contracts$(14)
Foreign currency contracts$(2)
Excluded components$(1)
Net foreign investment hedges:
Excluded components$
v3.25.4
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
The following table summarizes the bases used to measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis:

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring BasisDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millions
Fair Value LevelCostGainLossFair ValueCostGainLossFair Value
Assets at fair value:
Cash equivalents:
Held-to-maturity securities 1
Level 2$624 $— $— $624 $96 $— $— $96 
Money market fundsLevel 2923 — — 923 1,164 — — 1,164 
Marketable securities 2
Level 2446 — (61)385 453 — (70)383 
Other investments:
Debt securities: 3
Government debt 4
Level 21,221 24 (83)1,162 1,103 13 (123)993 
Corporate bondsLevel 114 — (1)13 18 — (1)17 
Corporate bondsLevel 2910 10 (57)863 954 (88)872 
Corporate bondsLevel 3200 — (35)165 200 — (49)151 
Equity securities 3, 5
Level 1— 10 — 14 
Derivatives relating to: 6
Interest ratesLevel 2— 18 — 18 — 20 — 20 
Foreign currencyLevel 2— 98 — 98 — 107 — 107 
CommoditiesLevel 1— — — — 
CommoditiesLevel 2— 246 — 246 — 87 — 87 
Total assets at fair value$4,508 $3,908 
Liabilities at fair value:    
Long-term debt including debt due within one year 7
Level 2$(18,071)$1,746 $(342)$(16,667)$(16,208)$1,487 $(484)$(15,205)
Guarantee liability 8
Level 3(212)(155)
Derivatives relating to: 6
Interest ratesLevel 2— — (21)(21)— — (47)(47)
Foreign currencyLevel 2— — (155)(155)— — (142)(142)
CommoditiesLevel 1— — (15)(15)— — (1)(1)
CommoditiesLevel 2— — (243)(243)— — (64)(64)
Total liabilities at fair value$(17,313)$(15,614)
1.The Company's held-to-maturity securities primarily relate to treasury bills and time deposits and are included in "Cash and cash equivalents" in the consolidated balance sheets. At December 31, 2025, $555 million is included in "Cash and cash equivalents" ($96 million at December 31, 2024) and $69 million is included in "Other current assets" (zero at December 31, 2024) in the consolidated balance sheets.
2.The Company's investments in marketable securities are included in "Other current assets" in the consolidated balance sheets.
3.The Company's investments in debt securities, which are primarily available-for-sale, and equity securities are included in "Other investments" in the consolidated balance sheets.
4.U.S. Treasury obligations, U.S. agency obligations, U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities and other municipalities' obligations.
5.Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value.
6.See Note 21 for the classification of derivatives in the consolidated balance sheets.
7.Cost includes fair value hedge adjustment gains of $27 million at December 31, 2025 and $9 million at December 31, 2024 on $5,538 million of debt at December 31, 2025 and $5,129 million of debt at December 31, 2024.
8.Estimated liability for TDCC's guarantee of Sadara's debt, of which $132 million is included in "Other noncurrent obligations" and $80 million is included in "Accrued and other current liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets. See Note 15 for additional information.

Cost approximates fair value for all other financial instruments.
For assets and liabilities classified as Level 1 measurements (measured using quoted prices in active markets), total fair value is either the price of the most recent trade at the time of the market close or the official close price, as defined by the exchange on which the asset is most actively traded on the last trading day of the period, multiplied by the number of units held without consideration of transaction costs.

For assets and liabilities classified as Level 2 measurements, where the security is frequently traded in less active markets, fair value is based on the closing price at the end of the period; where the security is less frequently traded, fair value is based on the price a dealer would pay for the security or similar securities, adjusted for any terms specific to that asset or liability, or by using observable market data points of similar, more liquid securities to imply the price. Market inputs are obtained from well-established and recognized vendors of market data and subjected to tolerance and quality checks.

For derivative assets and liabilities, standard industry models are used to calculate the fair value of the various financial instruments based on significant observable market inputs, such as foreign exchange rates, commodity prices, swap rates, interest rates and implied volatilities obtained from various market sources. Market inputs are obtained from well-established and recognized vendors of market data and subjected to tolerance/quality checks.

For all other assets and liabilities for which observable inputs are used, fair value is derived through the use of fair value models, such as a discounted cash flow model or other standard pricing models. See Note 21 for further information on the types of instruments used by the Company for risk management.

There were no transfers between Levels 1 and 2 in the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

For assets classified as Level 3 measurements, fair value is based on significant unobservable inputs including assumptions where there is little, if any, market activity. The Level 3 asset value represents the fair value of an investment in a corporate bond, accounted for as a debt security.

The following table summarizes the changes in fair value measurements of the investment in a corporate bond using Level 3 inputs for the year ended December 31, 2025:

Fair Value Measurements Using Level 3 Inputs for Investment in Corporate Bond at Dec 31, 20252024
In millions
Balance at Jan 1$151 $111 
Gain included in AOCL 1
14 40 
Balance at Dec 31$165 $151 
1.Included in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" in the consolidated balance sheets.

For liabilities classified as Level 3 measurements, the fair value is based on significant unobservable inputs including assumptions where there is little, if any, market activity. The fair value of the Company’s accrued liability related to the guarantee of Sadara's project financing debt is in proportion to the Company's 35 percent ownership interest in Sadara. The estimated fair value of the project financing debt guarantee was calculated using a "with" and "without" method. The fair value of the debt was calculated "with" the guarantee less the fair value of the debt "without" the guarantee. The "with" and "without" values were calculated using a discounted cash flow method based on contractual cash flows as well as projected prepayments made on the debt by Sadara. The Company has also guaranteed Sadara’s obligation related to its $500 million revolving credit facility. In the fourth quarter of 2025, Sadara drew $80 million from this facility. The estimated fair value of the revolving credit facility guarantee was calculated based on a discounted cash flow analysis of the Company’s expected obligation to make future payments on behalf of Sadara in the second quarter of 2026. See Note 15 for further information on guarantees classified as Level 3 measurements.
The following table summarizes the changes in fair value measurements using Level 3 inputs for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Fair Value Measurements Using Level 3 Inputs for Accrued Liabilities of Sadara Guarantees at Dec 31, 20252024
In millions
Balance at Jan 1$(155)$(178)
Gain included in earnings 1
23 23 
Recognition of revolving credit facility liability(80)— 
Balance at Dec 31$(212)$(155)
1.Included in "Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates" in the consolidated income statements.

For equity securities calculated at net asset value per share (or its equivalent), the Company had $109 million in private equity and $13 million in real estate at December 31, 2025 ($90 million in private equity and $15 million in real estate at December 31, 2024). There are no redemption restrictions and the unfunded commitments on these investments were $65 million at December 31, 2025 ($81 million at December 31, 2024).

Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis
The following table summarizes the bases used to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in the consolidated balance sheets:

Basis of Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis at Dec 31Fair Value LevelFair ValueTotal Losses
In millions
2025
Assets at fair value:
Long-lived assets and other assetsLevel 3$115 $657 
Equity securities with no readily determinable fair value 1
Level 255 — 
GoodwillLevel 3— 690 
2024
Assets at fair value:
Long-lived assets and other assetsLevel 3$60 $53 
1.See Note 21 for additional information related to the fair value determination.

2025 Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis
The Company recorded a charge for asset write-downs and write-offs, including the write-down of certain manufacturing facilities, corporate assets, leased, non-manufacturing facilities and other miscellaneous assets. The manufacturing facilities, corporate assets and certain leased, non-manufacturing facilities and other miscellaneous assets associated with this plan were written down to zero. In addition, impairments of certain leased, non-manufacturing facilities and other miscellaneous assets, which were classified as Level 3 measurements, resulted in a write-down of right-of-use assets to a fair value of $110 million using unobservable inputs. The Company recorded impairment charges of $349 million for asset write-downs and write-offs, included in "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Packaging & Specialty Plastics ($88 million), Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure ($64 million), Performance Materials & Coatings ($150 million) and Corporate ($47 million).

As part of the 2023 Restructuring Program, the Company recorded impairment charges of $5 million for asset write-downs and write-offs, included in "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure.

In the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company recognized a $303 million pretax impairment charge related to assets used for chlor-alkali, propylene oxide and brine production in Latin America. The assets were written down to $5 million using a discounted cash flow method. The impairment charge is included in "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure ($232 million) and Packaging & Specialty Plastics ($71 million). See Note 6 for additional information.
In the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company performed its annual goodwill impairment testing and determined the Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals reporting unit was impaired. The fair value of the reporting unit was estimated using a discounted cash flow and did not support the carrying value of the reporting unit. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $690 million related to Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure. See Note 12 for additional information.

2024 Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis
As part of the 2023 Restructuring Program, the Company recorded impairment charges for asset write-downs and write-offs of $8 million related to the shutdown of certain polyurethanes assets (Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure), $7 million related to the shutdown of certain silicones assets (Performance Materials & Coatings) and $1 million related to Corporate, included in "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" in the consolidated statements of income.

The Company recorded impairment charges of $37 million related primarily to write-downs of certain manufacturing assets in the United States and Italy. The assets, classified as Level 3 measurements, were valued at $60 million using unobservable inputs. The impairment charges were included in "Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net" in the consolidated statements of income and related to Packaging & Specialty Plastics.

See Note 5 for additional information on the Company's restructuring activities.
v3.25.4
VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES [Abstract]  
VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities ("VIEs")
The Company holds a variable interest in the following joint ventures or entities for which it is the primary beneficiary:

Infrastructure Entity
The Company has variable interests in Diamond Infrastructure Solutions, an entity that owns and operates infrastructure assets at certain Dow locations on the U.S Gulf Coast as discussed in Note 18. The Company's variable interests relate to its membership interest and the service contracts between Diamond Infrastructure Solutions and Dow, under which a majority of the infrastructure services are provided to Dow using pass-through and cost-plus pricing. Diamond Infrastructure Solutions became a variable interest entity effective with the noncontrolling interest transaction on May 1, 2025. Dow is deemed the primary beneficiary as a result of decision rights held as the majority member.

Asia Pacific Joint Ventures
The Company has variable interests in two joint ventures that own and operate manufacturing and logistics facilities, which produce chemicals and provide services in Asia Pacific. The Company's variable interests in these joint ventures relate to arrangements between the joint ventures and the Company, involving the majority of the output on take-or-pay terms with pricing ensuring a guaranteed return to the joint ventures.

Ethylene Storage Joint Venture
The Company has variable interests in a joint venture that provides ethylene storage in Alberta, Canada. The Company's variable interests relate to arrangements involving a majority of the joint venture's storage capacity on take-or-pay terms with pricing ensuring a guaranteed return to the joint venture; and favorably priced leases provided to the joint venture. The Company provides the joint venture with operation and maintenance services and utilities.

Accounts Receivable Monetization
The Company holds a variable interest in an entity created to monetize accounts receivable of select European entities. The Company is the primary beneficiary of this entity as a result of holding subordinated notes while maintaining servicing responsibilities for the accounts receivable.

Assets and Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs
The Company's consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities and results of operations of VIEs for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The other equity holders’ interests are reflected in "Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests" in the consolidated statements of income and "Noncontrolling interests" in the consolidated balance sheets.
Infrastructure Entity
The following table summarizes carrying amounts of Diamond Infrastructure Solutions' assets and liabilities included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2025. Amounts presented are adjusted for intercompany eliminations.

Assets and Liabilities of Diamond Infrastructure Solutions at Dec 31
In millions2025
Other current assets$161 
Net property2,273 
Other noncurrent assets211 
Total assets 1
$2,645 
Current liabilities$414 
Long-term debt190 
Other noncurrent obligations351 
Total liabilities 2
$955 
1.All assets were restricted at December 31, 2025.
2.All liabilities were nonrecourse at December 31, 2025.

Other Consolidated VIEs
In addition, the Company holds a variable interest and is the primary beneficiary of other joint ventures and entities. The following table summarizes the carrying amounts of other entities’ assets and liabilities included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2025 and 2024. Amounts presented are adjusted for intercompany eliminations:

Assets and Liabilities of Other Consolidated VIEs at Dec 31
In millions20252024
Cash and cash equivalents$31 $22 
Other current assets253 250 
Net property112 122 
Other noncurrent assets15 15 
Total assets 1
$411 $409 
Current liabilities$24 $24 
Other noncurrent obligations13 13 
Total liabilities 2
$37 $37 
1.Restricted assets totaled $194 million and $192 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
2.All liabilities were nonrecourse at December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Nonconsolidated VIEs
The Company holds a variable interest in the following entities for which the Company is not the primary beneficiary:

Silicon Joint Ventures
The Company holds minority voting interests in certain joint ventures that produce silicon inputs for the Company. These joint ventures operate under supply agreements that sell inventory to the equity owners using pricing mechanisms that guarantee a return, therefore shielding the joint ventures from the obligation to absorb expected losses. As a result of the pricing mechanisms of these agreements, these entities are determined to be VIEs. The Company is not the primary beneficiary, as it does not hold the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of these entities; therefore, the entities are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The Company's maximum exposure to loss as a result of its involvement with these variable interest entities is determined to be the carrying value of the investment in these entities. At December 31, 2025, the Company's investment in these joint ventures was $136 million ($143 million at December 31, 2024), classified as "Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates" in the consolidated balance sheets, representing the Company's maximum exposure to loss.
v3.25.4
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
TDCC has committed to fund Dow Inc.'s dividends paid to common stockholders and share repurchases, as approved by the Board from time to time, as well as certain governance expenses. Funding is accomplished through intercompany loans. TDCC's Board of Directors reviews and determines a dividend distribution to Dow Inc. to settle the intercompany loans. The following table summarizes cash dividends TDCC declared and paid to Dow Inc. for 2025, 2024 and 2023.

TDCC Dividends202520242023
In millions
Dividends declared 1
$1,491 $2,578 $2,510 
Cash dividends paid 2
$1,503 $2,485 $2,510 
1.Dividends declared for the year ended December 31, 2024 included $93 million of non-cash dividends.
2.Cash dividends paid for the year ended December 31, 2025 included $12 million related to the settlement of certain governance expenses.

At December 31, 2025 and 2024, TDCC's intercompany loan balance with Dow Inc. was insignificant.
v3.25.4
SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segments and Geographic Regions [Text Block] SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS
Sales are attributed to geographic region based on customer location; long-lived assets are attributed to geographic region based on asset location.

Geographic Region Information United 
States
EMEAIRest of 
World
Total
In millions
2025
Sales to external customers$14,729 $12,589 $12,650 $39,968 
Long-lived assets $14,804 $2,750 $4,696 $22,250 
2024
Sales to external customers$15,304 $13,958 $13,702 $42,964 
Long-lived assets $15,216 $2,726 $4,062 $22,004 
2023
Sales to external customers$15,328 $14,537 $14,757 $44,622 
Long-lived assets $15,012 $2,681 $3,373 $21,066 

Dow’s measure of profit/loss for segment reporting purposes is Operating EBIT as this is the manner in which the chief executive officer, chief operating officer, chief financial officer, general counsel and corporate secretary, and senior vice president of corporate development, together the "executive committee" and chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), assesses performance and allocates resources. The CODM compares quarterly results to both the year-ago and sequential periods to assess performance and allocate resources to each segment. The Company defines Operating EBIT as earnings (i.e., "Income before income taxes") before interest, excluding the impact of significant items. Operating EBIT by segment includes all operating items relating to the businesses; items that principally apply to Dow as a whole are assigned to Corporate.
Segment Operating EBIT 1
Pack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment Total
In millions
2025
Net sales$19,970 $11,163 $8,134 $39,267 
Cost of sales18,294 11,049 7,184 36,527 
SARD 2
890 483 608 1,981 
Equity in earnings (losses) of nonconsolidated affiliates35 (282)(242)
Other segment income (expense) items 3
90 (41)55 
Segment Operating EBIT 4
$827 $(561)$306 $572 
2024
Net sales$21,776 $11,869 $8,574 $42,219 
Cost of sales18,540 11,215 7,479 37,234 
SARD 2
977 518 690 2,185 
Equity in earnings (losses) of nonconsolidated affiliates81 (102)11 (10)
Other segment income (expense) items 3
33 91 (98)26 
Segment Operating EBIT 4
$2,373 $125 $318 $2,816 
2023
Net sales$23,149 $12,538 $8,497 $44,184 
Cost of sales19,563 11,654 7,548 38,765 
SARD 2
964 574 690 2,228 
Equity in earnings (losses) of nonconsolidated affiliates130 (276)20 (126)
Other segment income (expense) items 3
(52)90 (60)(22)
Segment Operating EBIT 4
$2,700 $124 $219 $3,043 
1.Significant expense categories are presented on an operating basis, net of the impact of significant items.
2.SARD includes selling, general and administrative and research and development expenses.
3.Other segment items includes amortization of intangibles and sundry income (expense) - net.
4.Segment Operating EBIT for TDCC in 2025, 2024 and 2023, is substantially the same as that of Dow Inc. and therefore is not disclosed separately in the table above. A reconciliation of "Segment Operating EBIT" to "Income (loss) before income taxes" is provided in the following table.

Reconciliation of "Segment Operating EBIT" to "Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes"202520242023
In millions
Segment Operating EBIT$572 $2,816 $3,043 
+ Corporate Operating EBIT(150)(228)(265)
+ Interest income152 200 229 
- Interest expense and amortization of debt discount865 811 746 
+ Significant items(2,220)(377)(1,605)
Income (loss) before income taxes$(2,511)$1,600 $656 
Other Segment InformationPack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment Total
Corp. 1
Total
In millions
2025
Net sales$19,970 $11,163 $8,134 $39,267 $701 $39,968 
Depreciation and amortization$1,439 $622 $740 $2,801 $33 $2,834 
Capital expenditures$1,911 $351 $217 $2,479 $— $2,479 
Operating EBIT$827 $(561)$306 $572 $(150)$422 
2024
Net sales$21,776 $11,869 $8,574 $42,219 $745 $42,964 
Depreciation and amortization$1,483 $599 $776 $2,858 $36 $2,894 
Capital expenditures$1,949 $675 $316 $2,940 $— $2,940 
Operating EBIT$2,373 $125 $318 $2,816 $(228)$2,588 
2023
Net sales$23,149 $12,538 $8,497 $44,184 $438 $44,622 
Depreciation and amortization$1,285 $524 $778 $2,587 $24 $2,611 
Capital expenditures$1,457 $477 $422 $2,356 $— $2,356 
Operating EBIT$2,700 $124 $219 $3,043 $(265)$2,778 
1.Corporate contains the reconciliation between the totals for the operating segments and the Company's totals. Net sales for Corporate are primarily related to insurance operations. Corporate expenses are primarily related to insurance operations, salaries and wages and non-business aligned environmental and legal costs.

Segment Asset InformationPack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment TotalCorp.Total
In millions
2025
Total assets$30,251 $11,263 $11,407 $52,921 $5,617 $58,538 
Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates 1
$677 $413 $137 $1,227 $37 $1,264 
2024
Total assets$29,034 $11,928 $11,170 $52,132 $5,180 $57,312 
Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates 1
$711 $367 $146 $1,224 $42 $1,266 
2023
Total assets $28,692 $11,993 $12,080 $52,765 $5,202 $57,967 
Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates 1
$705 $384 $136 $1,225 $42 $1,267 
1.See Note 11 for additional information regarding the Company's investments in nonconsolidated affiliates.
The following tables summarize the pretax impact of significant items by segment that are excluded from Operating EBIT:

Significant Items by Segment for 2025
Pack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment TotalCorp.Total
In millions
Restructuring, implementation and efficiency costs, and asset related charges - net 1
$— $(1)$— $(1)$(50)$(51)
2025 Restructuring Program severance and related benefit costs and asset related charges 2
(165)(95)(150)(410)(452)(862)
Implementation costs 3
— — — — (53)(53)
Goodwill impairment 4
— (690)— (690)— (690)
Asset related charges 5
(71)(232)— (303)— (303)
Pension settlement charges 6
— — — — (323)(323)
Net gain on divestitures and asset sale 7
— 103 — 103 110 213 
Litigation related charges, awards and adjustments 8
— — — — 42 42 
Loss on early extinguishment of debt 9
— — — — (78)(78)
Indemnification and other transaction related costs 10
— — — — (115)(115)
Total$(236)$(915)$(150)$(1,301)$(919)$(2,220)
1.Includes restructuring charges and implementation and efficiency costs associated with the Company's 2023 Restructuring Program. Also includes impairment charges related to the write-down of certain manufacturing assets, partially offset by an asset related credit adjustment. See Note 5 for additional information.
2.Severance and related benefit costs and impairment charges related to the write-down of certain manufacturing facilities, corporate assets, leased non-manufacturing facilities and other miscellaneous assets associated with the Company's 2025 Restructuring Program. See Note 5 for additional information.
3.Implementation costs associated with the Company's 2025 Restructuring Program and the sale of membership interests of Diamond Infrastructure Solutions.
4.Related to a pretax impairment charge related to goodwill associated with the Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals reporting unit. See Note 12 for additional information.
5.Related to a pretax impairment charge related to impairment charge related to assets used for chlor-alkali, propylene oxide and brine production in Latin America. See Notes 5 and 22 for additional information.
6.Non-cash settlement charges related to the termination of certain Company pension plans in the United States and the United Kingdom. See Note 19 for additional information.
7.Relates to a gain on the sale of the Company's ownership interest in a nonconsolidated affiliate, and a gain on the sale of the soil fumigation product line. See Note 4 for additional information.
8.Includes a gain associated with the reassessment of liabilities for certain accrued Groundwater Matters, partially offset by the settlement of a separate claim related to water storage district Groundwater Matters. See Note 15 for additional information.
9.The Company retired outstanding long-term debt resulting in a loss on early extinguishment. See Note 14 for additional information.
10.Primarily includes a charge related to an arbitration settlement agreement for historical product claims from a divested business. Also includes charges associated with agreements entered into with DuPont and Corteva as part of the separation and distribution which, among other matters, provides for cross-indemnities and allocations of obligations and liabilities for periods prior to, at and after the completion of the separation. See Note 15 for additional information.

Significant Items by Segment for 2024
Pack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment TotalCorp.Total
In millions
Restructuring, implementation and efficiency costs, and asset related charges - net 1
$(37)$(8)$11 $(34)$(281)$(315)
Indemnification and other transaction related costs 2
— — — — (62)(62)
Total$(37)$(8)$11 $(34)$(343)$(377)
1.Includes restructuring charges and implementation and efficiency costs associated with the Company's 2023 Restructuring Program. Also includes gains associated with a previously impaired equity investment and impairment charges related to the write-down of certain manufacturing assets. See Note 5 for additional information.
2.Includes charges associated with agreements entered into with DuPont and Corteva as part of the separation and distribution which, among other matters, provides for cross-indemnities and allocations of obligations and liabilities for periods prior to, at and after the completion of the separation. Also includes a charge related to an arbitration settlement agreement for historical product claims from a divested business. See Note 15 for additional information.
Significant Items by Segment for 2023
Pack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment TotalCorp.Total
In millions
Restructuring, implementation costs and asset related charges - net 1
$(1)$(50)$(67)$(118)$(623)$(741)
Litigation related charges, awards and adjustments 2
106 (177)— (71)— (71)
Argentine peso devaluation 3
(52)(16)— (68)(109)(177)
Pension settlement charges 4
— — — — (642)(642)
Indemnification and other transaction related costs 5
— — — — 26 26 
Total$53 $(243)$(67)$(257)$(1,348)$(1,605)
v3.25.4
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts [Abstract]  
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTINGS
(In millions) For the years ended Dec 31,202520242023
Accounts Receivable - Allowance for Doubtful Receivables
Balance at beginning of year$95 $81 $110 
Additions charged to expenses 1
23 28 21 
Deductions from reserves 2
(59)(14)(50)
Balance at end of year$59 $95 $81 
Inventory - Obsolescence Reserve
Balance at beginning of year$88 $70 $57 
Additions charged to expenses14 27 20 
Deductions from reserves 3
(2)(9)(7)
Balance at end of year$100 $88 $70 
Reserves for Other Investments and Noncurrent Receivables
Balance at beginning of year$1,650 $1,751 $1,950 
Additions charged to expenses 4
14 31 
Deductions from reserves 5
(214)(115)(230)
Balance at end of year$1,441 $1,650 $1,751 
Deferred Tax Assets - Valuation Allowance
Balance at beginning of year$2,748 $2,948 $1,269 
Additions charged to expenses 6
633 55 1,864 
Deductions from reserves(331)(255)(185)
Balance at end of year$3,050 $2,748 $2,948 
1.Additions included a $23 million reclassification from "Reserves for Other Investments and Noncurrent Receivables" in 2024.
2.Deductions included write-offs, recoveries, currency translation adjustments and other miscellaneous items, including a $23 million reclassification to "Reserves for Other Investments and Noncurrent Receivables" in 2023.
3.Deductions included disposals and currency translation adjustments.
4.Additions included a $23 million reclassification from "Accounts Receivable - Allowance for Doubtful Receivables" in 2023.
5.Deductions included $81 million related to the Company’s investment in DowAksa, which was converted to cash in 2025. See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. Deductions also included a $23 million reclassification to "Accounts Receivable - Allowance for Doubtful Receivables" in 2024, $143 million related to the Company's investment in a previously held equity method investment, which was converted to cash, in 2023, and $77 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023 related to the Company's investment in Sadara. See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
6.Additions in 2023 include increases in valuation allowances related to foreign tax assets that are expected to expire without being utilized.
v3.25.4
Insider Trading Arrangements
3 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
v3.25.4
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]  
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block]
Risk Management and Strategy
The Company has processes in place to identify, assess and monitor material risks from cybersecurity threats, which are part of the Company’s overall enterprise risk management process and have been embedded in the Company’s operating procedures, internal controls and information systems.

Dow's comprehensive cybersecurity and information security framework includes risk assessment and mitigation through a threat intelligence-driven approach, application controls, and enhanced security with ransomware defense. The framework leverages International Organization for Standardizations 27001/27002 standards for general information technology controls, International Society of Automation/International Electrotechnical Commission standards for industrial automation, the National Institute of Standards and Technology Cyber Security Framework ("NIST CSF") for measuring overall readiness to respond to cybersecurity threats, and Sarbanes-Oxley for assessment of internal controls. In addition, the Company maintains business continuity and disaster recovery plans as well as a cybersecurity insurance policy.

Dow has comprehensive processes to manage cybersecurity risks when engaging with third-party service providers, including reviewing questionnaires and independent quantitative scores of the vendor’s cybersecurity hygiene, maintaining robust controls to address and mitigate significant risks that may arise, and performing ongoing assessments and reviews throughout the duration of the engagement.

Dow has established cybersecurity and information security awareness training programs. Formal training on topics relating to the Company’s cybersecurity, data privacy and information security policies and procedures is mandatory at least annually for all employees, contractors and third parties with access to the Company’s network. Training is administered and tracked through online learning modules. Training topics include how to escalate suspicious activities including phishing, viruses, spams, deep fakes, insider threats, suspect human behaviors or safety issues. Based on role and location, some employees receive additional in-depth training to provide more comprehensive knowledge on potential risks related to their individual job responsibilities. Training is supplemented through regular Company communications with frequent updates to educate on the latest adversary trends and social engineering techniques.

Additionally, Dow engages in cybersecurity crisis response simulations to assess Dow’s ability to adapt to information and operational technology threats. Improper or illegitimate use of the Company’s information system resources or violation of the Company’s information security policies and procedures is subject to disciplinary action. Dow’s security posture is supported by a comprehensive defense-in-depth strategy that relies on layers of technology including, but not limited to, Multi-Factor Authentication and Zero Trust principles to ensure that access to information and communication is vetted and secure.

Dow also utilizes internal and external audits and assessments, vulnerability testing, governance processes over outsourced service providers, active risk management and benchmarking against peers in the industry to validate Dow’s security posture. The Company also engages external firms to measure Dow’s NIST CSF maturity level.

As of the date of this report, no risks from cybersecurity threats, including those resulting from any previous cybersecurity incidents, have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company, including its business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. Although the Company has mature processes in place to identify and mitigate potential risks from cybersecurity threats, such risks cannot be completely eliminated. More information on the risks of cybersecurity threats and potential impact to the Company can be found in Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Governance
Role of Management
Dow’s information systems organization is led by Dow’s chief information & digital officer, who reports to Dow's chief operating officer, and is responsible for administration of the cybersecurity and information security framework and risk management, with oversight by the Audit Committee of the Board.

The Company’s chief information & digital officer has formal education in information technology and more than 30 years of experience in information systems and technology, including as the vice president of Global Information Technology at Cargill, Incorporated, prior to joining Dow. The chief information & digital officer receives regular updates on cybersecurity matters, results of mitigation efforts and cybersecurity incident response and remediation.
The Company’s management responsible for developing and executing Dow’s cybersecurity policies is comprised of individuals with either formal education and degrees in information technology or cybersecurity, or with experience working in information technology and cybersecurity, including relevant experience in security related industries. Additionally, leaders in the Company’s information technology function receive periodic training and education on cybersecurity related topics. Certain leaders also obtain industry certifications, such as Certified Information Systems Security Professional or Certified Information Security Manager.

The Company’s Cyber Security Operations Center (“CSOC”) serves as the central point for all cybersecurity incidents and reporting, including incidents that directly target employees or Dow internal information systems and incidents originating from third parties. The CSOC provides end-to-end operations for purposes of monitoring, detecting, alerting and responding to cybersecurity incidents. The CSOC evaluates each incident in terms of its impact on the Company’s operations, ability to conduct business with customers and suppliers, brand reputation and health, safety or the environment, and the speed and degree to which the incident has been contained. The CSOC is also responsible for activating the containment and resolution efforts and third-party service providers are engaged where appropriate to support the Company through the resolution of the incident.

The CSOC reports all cybersecurity incidents to the Company’s Materiality Assessment Team, which includes senior representatives from information technology, finance, legal and other relevant business functions. If the Materiality Assessment Team initially assesses that a cybersecurity incident may be material, the CSOC immediately notifies the Cybersecurity Executive Steering Team for final determination of materiality. The Cybersecurity Executive Steering Team consists of the chief operating officer; chief financial officer; chief information & digital officer; chief information security officer; senior vice president, operations, manufacturing & engineering; chief technology & sustainability officer; vice president of government affairs; and general counsel. The CSOC escalates incidents with significant impact and pervasiveness to the Company’s Corporate Crisis Management Team for further action. After initial identification, the CSOC monitors all cybersecurity incidents for changes in degree of impact or pervasiveness to ensure timely escalation and response. Decisions of the Cybersecurity Executive Steering Team are communicated through established governance channels, including reporting to the Audit Committee of the Board. This process is integrated into the Company’s overall incident response and risk management framework, ensuring alignment between operational response and strategic oversight.

Role of the Board
Dow's Board recognizes the importance of cybersecurity in safeguarding the Company’s sensitive data. The Board is responsible for overseeing overall risk management for the Company, including review and approval of the enterprise risk management approach and processes implemented by management to identify, assess, manage and mitigate risk, at least annually. While the full Board is accountable for cybersecurity and AI risk management and is presented with an annual cybersecurity update, the Board has delegated responsibility for oversight of the Company’s cybersecurity and information security framework and risk management to the Audit Committee of the Board. The Audit Committee receives information and updates at least quarterly and actively engages with senior leaders, including the chief information & digital officer and chief information security officer, with respect to the effectiveness of the Company’s cybersecurity and information security framework, data privacy, and risk management. In addition, the Audit Committee receives reports summarizing threat detection and mitigation plans, audits of internal controls, training and certification, and other cybersecurity priorities and initiatives, as well as timely updates from senior leaders on material incidents relating to information systems security, including cybersecurity incidents. The Audit Committee also reviews external firms’ assessments of the Company’s security posture and NIST CSF maturity level. Information made available to the Audit Committee is also made available to the full Board. The Audit Committee includes members with significant experience and/or expertise in technology or cybersecurity, including information systems.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block]
Risk Management and Strategy
The Company has processes in place to identify, assess and monitor material risks from cybersecurity threats, which are part of the Company’s overall enterprise risk management process and have been embedded in the Company’s operating procedures, internal controls and information systems.

Dow's comprehensive cybersecurity and information security framework includes risk assessment and mitigation through a threat intelligence-driven approach, application controls, and enhanced security with ransomware defense. The framework leverages International Organization for Standardizations 27001/27002 standards for general information technology controls, International Society of Automation/International Electrotechnical Commission standards for industrial automation, the National Institute of Standards and Technology Cyber Security Framework ("NIST CSF") for measuring overall readiness to respond to cybersecurity threats, and Sarbanes-Oxley for assessment of internal controls. In addition, the Company maintains business continuity and disaster recovery plans as well as a cybersecurity insurance policy.

Dow has comprehensive processes to manage cybersecurity risks when engaging with third-party service providers, including reviewing questionnaires and independent quantitative scores of the vendor’s cybersecurity hygiene, maintaining robust controls to address and mitigate significant risks that may arise, and performing ongoing assessments and reviews throughout the duration of the engagement.

Dow has established cybersecurity and information security awareness training programs. Formal training on topics relating to the Company’s cybersecurity, data privacy and information security policies and procedures is mandatory at least annually for all employees, contractors and third parties with access to the Company’s network. Training is administered and tracked through online learning modules. Training topics include how to escalate suspicious activities including phishing, viruses, spams, deep fakes, insider threats, suspect human behaviors or safety issues. Based on role and location, some employees receive additional in-depth training to provide more comprehensive knowledge on potential risks related to their individual job responsibilities. Training is supplemented through regular Company communications with frequent updates to educate on the latest adversary trends and social engineering techniques.

Additionally, Dow engages in cybersecurity crisis response simulations to assess Dow’s ability to adapt to information and operational technology threats. Improper or illegitimate use of the Company’s information system resources or violation of the Company’s information security policies and procedures is subject to disciplinary action. Dow’s security posture is supported by a comprehensive defense-in-depth strategy that relies on layers of technology including, but not limited to, Multi-Factor Authentication and Zero Trust principles to ensure that access to information and communication is vetted and secure.

Dow also utilizes internal and external audits and assessments, vulnerability testing, governance processes over outsourced service providers, active risk management and benchmarking against peers in the industry to validate Dow’s security posture. The Company also engages external firms to measure Dow’s NIST CSF maturity level.

As of the date of this report, no risks from cybersecurity threats, including those resulting from any previous cybersecurity incidents, have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company, including its business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. Although the Company has mature processes in place to identify and mitigate potential risks from cybersecurity threats, such risks cannot be completely eliminated. More information on the risks of cybersecurity threats and potential impact to the Company can be found in Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Text Block]
As of the date of this report, no risks from cybersecurity threats, including those resulting from any previous cybersecurity incidents, have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company, including its business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. Although the Company has mature processes in place to identify and mitigate potential risks from cybersecurity threats, such risks cannot be completely eliminated. More information on the risks of cybersecurity threats and potential impact to the Company can be found in Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]
Role of the Board
Dow's Board recognizes the importance of cybersecurity in safeguarding the Company’s sensitive data. The Board is responsible for overseeing overall risk management for the Company, including review and approval of the enterprise risk management approach and processes implemented by management to identify, assess, manage and mitigate risk, at least annually. While the full Board is accountable for cybersecurity and AI risk management and is presented with an annual cybersecurity update, the Board has delegated responsibility for oversight of the Company’s cybersecurity and information security framework and risk management to the Audit Committee of the Board. The Audit Committee receives information and updates at least quarterly and actively engages with senior leaders, including the chief information & digital officer and chief information security officer, with respect to the effectiveness of the Company’s cybersecurity and information security framework, data privacy, and risk management. In addition, the Audit Committee receives reports summarizing threat detection and mitigation plans, audits of internal controls, training and certification, and other cybersecurity priorities and initiatives, as well as timely updates from senior leaders on material incidents relating to information systems security, including cybersecurity incidents. The Audit Committee also reviews external firms’ assessments of the Company’s security posture and NIST CSF maturity level. Information made available to the Audit Committee is also made available to the full Board. The Audit Committee includes members with significant experience and/or expertise in technology or cybersecurity, including information systems.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]
The Company’s Cyber Security Operations Center (“CSOC”) serves as the central point for all cybersecurity incidents and reporting, including incidents that directly target employees or Dow internal information systems and incidents originating from third parties. The CSOC provides end-to-end operations for purposes of monitoring, detecting, alerting and responding to cybersecurity incidents. The CSOC evaluates each incident in terms of its impact on the Company’s operations, ability to conduct business with customers and suppliers, brand reputation and health, safety or the environment, and the speed and degree to which the incident has been contained. The CSOC is also responsible for activating the containment and resolution efforts and third-party service providers are engaged where appropriate to support the Company through the resolution of the incident.

The CSOC reports all cybersecurity incidents to the Company’s Materiality Assessment Team, which includes senior representatives from information technology, finance, legal and other relevant business functions. If the Materiality Assessment Team initially assesses that a cybersecurity incident may be material, the CSOC immediately notifies the Cybersecurity Executive Steering Team for final determination of materiality. The Cybersecurity Executive Steering Team consists of the chief operating officer; chief financial officer; chief information & digital officer; chief information security officer; senior vice president, operations, manufacturing & engineering; chief technology & sustainability officer; vice president of government affairs; and general counsel. The CSOC escalates incidents with significant impact and pervasiveness to the Company’s Corporate Crisis Management Team for further action. After initial identification, the CSOC monitors all cybersecurity incidents for changes in degree of impact or pervasiveness to ensure timely escalation and response. Decisions of the Cybersecurity Executive Steering Team are communicated through established governance channels, including reporting to the Audit Committee of the Board. This process is integrated into the Company’s overall incident response and risk management framework, ensuring alignment between operational response and strategic oversight.
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block]
Role of Management
Dow’s information systems organization is led by Dow’s chief information & digital officer, who reports to Dow's chief operating officer, and is responsible for administration of the cybersecurity and information security framework and risk management, with oversight by the Audit Committee of the Board.

The Company’s chief information & digital officer has formal education in information technology and more than 30 years of experience in information systems and technology, including as the vice president of Global Information Technology at Cargill, Incorporated, prior to joining Dow. The chief information & digital officer receives regular updates on cybersecurity matters, results of mitigation efforts and cybersecurity incident response and remediation.
The Company’s management responsible for developing and executing Dow’s cybersecurity policies is comprised of individuals with either formal education and degrees in information technology or cybersecurity, or with experience working in information technology and cybersecurity, including relevant experience in security related industries. Additionally, leaders in the Company’s information technology function receive periodic training and education on cybersecurity related topics. Certain leaders also obtain industry certifications, such as Certified Information Systems Security Professional or Certified Information Security Manager.

The Company’s Cyber Security Operations Center (“CSOC”) serves as the central point for all cybersecurity incidents and reporting, including incidents that directly target employees or Dow internal information systems and incidents originating from third parties. The CSOC provides end-to-end operations for purposes of monitoring, detecting, alerting and responding to cybersecurity incidents. The CSOC evaluates each incident in terms of its impact on the Company’s operations, ability to conduct business with customers and suppliers, brand reputation and health, safety or the environment, and the speed and degree to which the incident has been contained. The CSOC is also responsible for activating the containment and resolution efforts and third-party service providers are engaged where appropriate to support the Company through the resolution of the incident.

The CSOC reports all cybersecurity incidents to the Company’s Materiality Assessment Team, which includes senior representatives from information technology, finance, legal and other relevant business functions. If the Materiality Assessment Team initially assesses that a cybersecurity incident may be material, the CSOC immediately notifies the Cybersecurity Executive Steering Team for final determination of materiality. The Cybersecurity Executive Steering Team consists of the chief operating officer; chief financial officer; chief information & digital officer; chief information security officer; senior vice president, operations, manufacturing & engineering; chief technology & sustainability officer; vice president of government affairs; and general counsel. The CSOC escalates incidents with significant impact and pervasiveness to the Company’s Corporate Crisis Management Team for further action. After initial identification, the CSOC monitors all cybersecurity incidents for changes in degree of impact or pervasiveness to ensure timely escalation and response. Decisions of the Cybersecurity Executive Steering Team are communicated through established governance channels, including reporting to the Audit Committee of the Board. This process is integrated into the Company’s overall incident response and risk management framework, ensuring alignment between operational response and strategic oversight.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block]
Dow’s information systems organization is led by Dow’s chief information & digital officer, who reports to Dow's chief operating officer, and is responsible for administration of the cybersecurity and information security framework and risk management, with oversight by the Audit Committee of the Board.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block]
The Company’s chief information & digital officer has formal education in information technology and more than 30 years of experience in information systems and technology, including as the vice president of Global Information Technology at Cargill, Incorporated, prior to joining Dow. The chief information & digital officer receives regular updates on cybersecurity matters, results of mitigation efforts and cybersecurity incident response and remediation.
The Company’s management responsible for developing and executing Dow’s cybersecurity policies is comprised of individuals with either formal education and degrees in information technology or cybersecurity, or with experience working in information technology and cybersecurity, including relevant experience in security related industries. Additionally, leaders in the Company’s information technology function receive periodic training and education on cybersecurity related topics. Certain leaders also obtain industry certifications, such as Certified Information Systems Security Professional or Certified Information Security Manager.
v3.25.4
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Dow Inc. and TDCC were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and include the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of all majority-owned subsidiaries over which Dow exercises control and, when applicable, entities for which Dow has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. Intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation. Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates (20-50 percent owned companies or less than 20 percent owned companies over which significant influence is exercised) are primarily accounted for using the equity method.

Dow Inc. owns all of the outstanding common shares of TDCC. As a result of the parent/subsidiary relationship between Dow Inc. and TDCC, and considering that the financial statements and disclosures of each company are substantially similar, the companies are filing a combined report for this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The information reflected in the report is equally applicable to both Dow Inc. and TDCC, except where otherwise noted. Transactions between TDCC and Dow Inc. are treated as related party transactions for TDCC. See Note 24 for additional information.

The Company conducts its worldwide operations through six global businesses which are organized into the following operating segments: Packaging & Specialty Plastics, Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure and Performance Materials & Coatings. Corporate contains the reconciliation between the totals for the operating segments and the Company's totals. See Note 25 for additional information.
Except as otherwise indicated by the context, the term "Union Carbide" means Union Carbide Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Additionally, the term "Diamond Infrastructure Solutions" means Dow InfraCo, LLC, an entity that owns and operates infrastructure assets at certain Dow locations on the U.S. Gulf Coast and became a consolidated variable interest entity on May 1, 2025. See Notes 18 and 23 for additional information about Diamond Infrastructure Solutions.
Use of Estimates in Financial Statement Preparation
Use of Estimates in Financial Statement Preparation
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s consolidated financial statements include amounts that are based on management’s best estimates and judgments. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Asbestos-Related Matters
Asbestos-Related Matters
Accruals for asbestos-related matters, including defense and processing costs, are recorded based on an analysis of claim and resolution activity, defense spending, and pending and future claims. These accruals are assessed at each balance sheet date to determine if the asbestos-related liability remains appropriate. Accruals for asbestos-related matters are included in the consolidated balance sheets in “Accrued and other current liabilities” and “Asbestos-related liabilities - noncurrent.” See Note 15 for additional information.
Legal Costs
Legal Costs
The Company expenses legal costs as incurred, with the exception of defense and processing costs associated with asbestos-related matters.
Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign Currency Translation
The local currency has been primarily used as the functional currency throughout the world. Translation gains and losses of those operations that use local currency as the functional currency are included in the consolidated balance sheets in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" ("AOCL"). For certain subsidiaries, the U.S. dollar is used as the functional currency. This occurs when the subsidiary operates in an economic environment where the products produced and sold are tied to U.S. dollar-denominated markets, or when the foreign subsidiary operates in a hyper-inflationary environment. Where the U.S. dollar is used as the functional currency, foreign currency translation gains and losses are reflected in income.
Environmental Matters
Environmental Matters
Accruals for environmental matters are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated based on current law and existing technologies. These accruals are adjusted periodically as assessment and remediation efforts progress or as additional technical or legal information becomes available. Accruals for environmental liabilities are included in the consolidated balance sheets in “Accrued and other current liabilities” and “Other noncurrent obligations” at undiscounted amounts. Accruals for related insurance or other third-party recoveries for environmental liabilities are recorded when it is probable that a recovery will be realized and are included in the consolidated balance sheets in “Accounts and notes receivable - Other” or "Noncurrent receivables."

Environmental costs are capitalized if the costs extend the life of the property, increase its capacity and/or mitigate or prevent contamination from future operations. Environmental costs are also capitalized in recognition of legal asset retirement obligations resulting from the acquisition, construction and/or normal operation of a long-lived asset. Costs related to environmental contamination treatment and cleanup are charged to expense. Estimated future incremental operations, maintenance and management costs directly related to remediation are accrued when such costs are probable and reasonably estimable.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include time deposits and investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase.
Financial Instruments Accounting, Policy
Financial Instruments
The Company calculates the fair value of financial instruments using quoted market prices when available. When quoted market prices are not available for financial instruments, the Company uses standard pricing models with market-based inputs that take into account the present value of estimated future cash flows.
The Company utilizes derivatives to manage exposures to foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and interest rate risk. The fair values of all derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities at the balance sheet date. Changes in the fair values of these instruments are reported in income or AOCL, depending on the use of the derivative and whether the Company has elected hedge accounting treatment.

Gains and losses on derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedging instruments are recorded in AOCL until the underlying transactions are recognized in income. Gains and losses on derivative and non-derivative instruments used as hedges of the Company’s net investment in foreign operations are recorded in AOCL as part of the cumulative translation adjustment.

Gains and losses on derivatives designated and qualifying as fair value hedging instruments, as well as the offsetting losses and gains on the hedged items, are reported in income in the same accounting period. Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are marked-to-market at the end of each accounting period with the results included in income.
Accounts Receivable Programs
Accounts Receivable Programs
The Company maintains accounts receivable securitization and discounting facilities with various financial institutions, which allow for the sale of eligible trade accounts receivable at any point in time. The securitized accounts receivable are isolated in wholly owned special purpose entities and support the securities issued by those entities. The Company derecognizes the eligible trade receivables upon sale and retains no interest in the sold trade receivables. The Company continues to service the trade receivables and remit payments received from customers to the financial institutions. Amounts collected from customers but not yet remitted to the applicable financial institution are included in “Accrued and other current liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets. When previously sold trade receivables are repurchased, they are included in “Accounts and notes receivable – Other” in the consolidated balance sheets. See Note 13 for additional information.
Inventories
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The method of determining cost for each subsidiary varies among last-in, first-out (“LIFO”); first-in, first-out (“FIFO”); and average cost, and is used consistently from year to year. See Note 9 for additional information.

The Company routinely utilizes exchange, swap and tolling arrangements with other companies for raw materials and finished goods to increase sourcing options, shorten delivery times and reduce freight and other transportation costs. These transactions are treated as nonmonetary exchanges and are valued at cost.
Property
Property
Land, buildings and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation or amortization. Property under finance lease agreements is carried at the present value of lease payments over the lease term less accumulated amortization. Depreciation is based on the estimated service lives of depreciable assets and is calculated using the straight-line method. Fully depreciated assets are retained in property and accumulated depreciation accounts until they are disposed. In the case of disposals, assets and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and the net amounts, less proceeds from disposal, are included in income.
Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets
Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets
The Company evaluates long-lived assets (property, finite-lived intangible assets and lease right-of-use assets) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When undiscounted future cash flows are not expected to be sufficient to recover an asset’s carrying amount, the asset is written down to its fair value based on bids received from third parties or a discounted cash flow analysis based on market participant assumptions.

Long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale, if material, are classified as held for sale and reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell, and depreciation/amortization is ceased. Long-lived assets to be disposed of other than by sale are classified as held and used until they are disposed of and reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value, and depreciation/amortization is recognized over the remaining useful life of the assets.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The Company records goodwill when the purchase price of a business combination exceeds the estimated fair value of net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit has more likely than not declined below its carrying value. When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company may first assess qualitative factors. If an initial qualitative assessment identifies that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, additional quantitative testing is performed. The Company may also elect to skip the qualitative testing and proceed directly to the quantitative testing. If the quantitative testing indicates that goodwill is impaired, an impairment charge is recognized based on the difference between the reporting unit's carrying value and its fair value. The Company primarily utilizes a discounted cash flow methodology to calculate the fair value of its reporting units.
Finite-lived intangible assets, such as developed technology, customer-related assets, trademarks, tradenames and software, are amortized over their estimated useful lives, generally on a straight-line basis for periods ranging primarily from 3 to 20 years.
Asset Retirement Obligations
Asset Retirement Obligations
The Company records asset retirement obligations as incurred and reasonably estimable, including obligations for which the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the Company. The fair values of obligations are recorded as liabilities on a discounted basis and are accreted over time for the change in present value. Costs associated with the liabilities are capitalized and amortized over the estimated remaining useful life of the assets.
Investments
Investments
Investments in debt securities, primarily held by the Company's insurance operations, are classified as trading, available-for-sale or held-to-maturity. Investments classified as trading are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses related to mark-to-market adjustments included in income. Those classified as available-for-sale are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in AOCL. Those classified as held-to-maturity are recorded at amortized cost. The cost of investments sold is determined by FIFO or specific identification.

Investments in equity securities with a readily determinable fair value are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses related to mark-to-market adjustments included in income. Equity securities without a readily determinable fair value are accounted for at cost, adjusted for impairments and observable price changes in orderly transactions.

The Company routinely reviews its investments for declines in fair value below the cost basis. When events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable, the security is written down, establishing a new cost basis.
Leases
Leases
The Company determines whether a contract contains a lease at contract inception. A contract contains a lease if there is an identified asset and the Company has the right to control the asset.

Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses the incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of lease payments, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. If lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease, the ROU asset and lease liability are measured based on the reasonably certain decision. Leases with a term of 12 months or less at the commencement date are not recognized on the balance sheet and are expensed as incurred.

The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for as a single lease component for nearly all classes of leased assets for which the Company is the lessee. Additionally, for certain equipment leases, the portfolio approach is applied to account for the operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities. In the consolidated statements of income, lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For finance leases, interest expense is recognized on the lease liability and the ROU asset is amortized over the lease term.
Some leasing arrangements require variable payments that are dependent upon usage or output, or may vary for other reasons, such as insurance or tax payments. Variable lease payments are recognized as incurred and are not presented as part of the ROU asset or lease liability. See Note 16 for additional information.
Revenue
Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition, the Company performs the following five steps: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. See Note 3 for additional information.
Revenue related to the Company's insurance operations includes third-party insurance premiums, which are earned over the terms of the related insurance policies and reinsurance contracts.
Severance Costs
Severance Costs
The Company routinely reviews its operations around the world in an effort to ensure competitiveness across its businesses and geographic regions. When the reviews result in a workforce reduction related to the shutdown of facilities or other optimization activities, severance benefits are provided to employees primarily under the Company’s ongoing benefit arrangements. These severance costs are accrued once management commits to a plan of termination and it becomes probable that employees will be entitled to benefits at amounts that can be reasonably estimated.
Government Assistance
Government Assistance
The Company receives grants, subsidies and incentives (collectively "incentives") from governments in various jurisdictions in support of its operations and capital projects. The incentives are recorded when it is probable that the Company will comply with the terms and conditions attached to the incentives and that the incentives will be received. Incentives are recognized on a systematic basis over the periods in which the related cost or expenditures occur and are included in the Company's financial statements as reductions of "Cost of sales" or "Research and development expenses" in the Company’s consolidated statements of income. Incentives related to capital expenditures are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets as a reduction of “Property” when the incentives have met the criteria described above and the Company incurs the related costs. See Note 6 for additional information.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets or liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company uses the portfolio approach for releasing income tax effects from AOCL.

The Company recognizes the financial statement effects of an uncertain income tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. The Company accrues for other tax contingencies when it is probable that a liability to a taxing authority has been incurred and the amount of the contingency can be reasonably estimated. The current portion of uncertain income tax positions is included in “Income taxes payable” and the long-term portion is included in “Other noncurrent obligations” in the consolidated balance sheets.

Provision is made for taxes on undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries and related companies to the extent that such earnings are not deemed to be permanently invested.
Earnings per common share
Earnings per Common Share
The calculation of earnings per common share is based on the weighted-average number of the Company's common shares outstanding for the applicable period. The calculation of diluted earnings per common share reflects the effect of all potential common shares that were outstanding during the respective periods, unless the effect of doing so is antidilutive.
v3.25.4
REVENUE (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Disaggregation of Revenue [Table Text Block]
Disaggregation of Revenue
Dow disaggregates its revenue from contracts with customers by operating segment and business, as the Company believes it best depicts the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows. See details in the tables below:

Net Trade Sales by Segment and Business202520242023
In millions
Hydrocarbons & Energy$5,376 $5,759 $6,566 
Packaging and Specialty Plastics14,594 16,017 16,583 
Packaging & Specialty Plastics$19,970 $21,776 $23,149 
Industrial Solutions$4,036 $4,179 $4,207 
Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals7,110 7,675 8,316 
Others17 15 15 
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure$11,163 $11,869 $12,538 
Coatings & Performance Monomers$3,215 $3,492 $3,337 
Consumer Solutions4,919 5,082 5,160 
Performance Materials & Coatings$8,134 $8,574 $8,497 
Corporate$701 $745 $438 
Total$39,968 $42,964 $44,622 

Net Trade Sales by Geographic Region202520242023
In millions
U.S. & Canada$15,806 $16,423 $16,640 
EMEAI 1
12,589 13,958 14,537 
Asia Pacific7,219 7,707 8,266 
Latin America4,354 4,876 5,179 
Total$39,968 $42,964 $44,622 
1. Europe, Middle East, Africa and India.
Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability
The following table summarizes contract assets and liabilities at December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Contract Assets and Liabilities at Dec 31Balance Sheet Classification20252024
In millions
Accounts and notes receivable - tradeAccounts and notes receivable - trade$4,762 $4,756 
Contract assets - noncurrentDeferred charges and other assets$— $
Contract liabilities - currentAccrued and other current liabilities$221 $244 
Contract liabilities - noncurrent 1
Other noncurrent obligations$1,727 $1,480 
1.The increase from December 31, 2024 to December 31, 2025 was primarily due to advance payments on long-term supply agreements.
v3.25.4
RESTRUCTURING, GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT AND ASSET RELATED CHARGES - NET (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
2023 Restructuring Program  
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]  
Schedule of Restructuring Reserve by Type of Cost [Table Text Block]
The following table summarizes the activities related to the 2023 Restructuring Program, including segment information:

2023 Restructuring ProgramSeverance and Related Benefit CostsAsset Write-downs and Write-offsCosts Associated with Exit and Disposal ActivitiesTotal
In millions
Packaging & Specialty Plastics$— $$— $
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure— 50 — 50 
Performance Materials & Coatings— 49 — 49 
Corporate344 91 — 435 
Total restructuring charges$344 $191 $— $535 
Charges against the reserve— (191)— (191)
Cash payments(222)— — (222)
Reserve balance at Dec 31, 2023$122 $— $— $122 
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure— — 
Performance Materials & Coatings— — 
Corporate41 51 
Total restructuring charges$41 $16 $$66 
Charges against the reserve 1
— (16)(9)(25)
Cash payments(103)— — (103)
Reserve balance at Dec 31, 2024 2
$60 $— $— $60 
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure$— $$— $
Total restructuring charges$— $$— $
Charges against the reserve— (1)— (1)
Cash payments(60)— — (60)
Reserve balance at Dec 31, 2025$— $— $— $— 
1.Costs associated with exit and disposal activities relate to pension benefit settlement costs.
2.The reserve balance at December 31, 2024 was included in "Accrued and other current liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets.
2025 Restructuring Program  
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]  
Schedule of Restructuring Reserve by Type of Cost [Table Text Block] The following table summarizes the activities related to the 2025 Restructuring Program, including segment information:
2025 Restructuring ProgramSeverance and Related Benefit CostsAsset Write-downs and Write-offsCosts Associated with Exit and Disposal ActivitiesTotal
In millions
Packaging & Specialty Plastics$— $88 $77 $165 
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure— 64 31 95 
Performance Materials & Coatings— 150 — 150 
Corporate389 47 16 452 
Total restructuring charges$389 $349 $124 $862 
Charges against the reserve 1
— (349)(124)(473)
Cash payments(126)— — (126)
Reserve balance at Dec 31, 2025$263 $— $— $263 
1.Costs associated with exit and disposal activities relate to asset retirement obligations and pension benefit settlement costs.
v3.25.4
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Supplementary Information [Abstract]  
Sundry Income, Net
Dow Inc. Sundry Income (Expense) – Net202520242023
In millions
Non-operating pension and other postretirement benefit plan net (costs) credits 1
$(177)$264 $(264)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) 2
39 (45)(340)
Gain on sales of other assets and investments 3
10 60 80 
Gain on divestiture of ownership interest in DowAksa 4
110 — — 
Gain on divestiture of soil fumigation product line 4
103 — — 
Gain (loss) on early extinguishment of debt 5
(78)
Indemnification and other transaction related costs 6
(20)13 26 
Asset impairments and related costs 7
— 18 (18)
Gain related to Nova legal matter 8
— — 106 
Unrealized gain on equity investment in a privately held entity 9
33 — — 
Other - net120 100 125 
Total sundry income (expense) – net$140 $415 $(280)
1.The year ended December 31, 2025 includes pretax pension settlement charges of $323 million related to the termination of certain benefit plans. The year ended December 31, 2023, includes pretax pension settlement charges of $642 million related to the transfer of certain plan benefit obligations to insurance companies. See Note 19 for additional information about the Company's pension and other postretirement plans, including pension settlement charges.
2.Foreign exchange gains in 2025 relate primarily to the euro, partially offset by losses in exposures to the Argentine peso, while losses in 2024 relate primarily to exposures in the Argentine peso and Egyptian pound, and 2023 relate primarily to exposures in the Argentine peso. In addition, 2023 includes a loss of $109 million related to the devaluation of the Argentine peso by the Argentina government in December 2023.
3.The year ended December 31, 2024, includes a gain of $25 million associated with a warehouse sale. The year ended December 31, 2023, includes gains associated with the sale of shares of a previously impaired equity method investment.
4.See Note 4 for additional information.
5.See Note 14 for additional information.
6.Primarily related to charges and credits associated with agreements entered into with DuPont de Nemours, Inc. ("DuPont") and Corteva, Inc. ("Corteva") as part of the separation and distribution.
7.The year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, includes certain obligations and subsequent reversals associated with a previously impaired equity method investment.
8.See Note 15 for additional information.
9.See Notes 21 and 22 for additional information.
Schedule of Company-Owned Life Insurance
Other Investments
The Company has investments in company-owned life insurance policies ("COLI"), which are recorded at their cash surrender value as of each balance sheet date, as provided below:

Investments in Company-Owned Life InsuranceDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millions
Gross cash value$543 $558 
Less: Existing drawdowns 1
197 — 
Less: Accrued interest on drawdowns 2
— 
Investments in company-owned life insurance 3
$344 $558 
1.Classified as "Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments" in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
2.Included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income.
3.Classified as "Other investments" in the consolidated balance sheets.
Supplier Finance Program
The following table summarizes the activity of the SCF program for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Supplier Finance Program Activity20252024
In millions
Confirmed obligations outstanding at Jan 1$291 $285 
Invoices confirmed to financial intermediary1,211 1,313 
Confirmed invoices paid to financial intermediary(1,263)(1,307)
Confirmed obligations outstanding at Dec 31$239 $291 
Government Incentives [Text Block]
The following table summarizes the government incentives recorded in the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:

Government Incentives202520242023
In millions
Capital expenditures associated with Path2Zero $142 $— $— 
Energy cost incentives $282 $272 $183 
U.S. energy asset construction $— $56 $— 
Schedule of Cash Flow, Supplemental Disclosures
Required supplementary cash flow information is presented in the following tables:

Supplemental Cash Flow Information202520242023
In millions
Cash paid for:
Interest$948 $887 $800 
Income taxes, net of refunds$256 $827 $735 

Supplemental Cash Flow Information - Cash Paid for Income Taxes - Disaggregated 1
2025
In millions
Cash paid (received) for income taxes, net of refunds
Federal$13 
State and local
Other state and local jurisdictions$(11)
Foreign
China$75 
Denmark(38)
Germany72 
India36 
Japan47 
Mexico35 
The Netherlands52 
Switzerland(135)
Thailand21 
Other foreign jurisdictions89 
Total foreign$254 
Total cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds$256 
1.Disaggregated in accordance with ASU 2023-09, which was adopted prospectively in 2025.
v3.25.4
INCOME TAXES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign
Geographic Allocation of Income and Provision (Credit) for Income Taxes
In millions202520242023
Income (loss) before income taxes
Domestic $(1,814)$492 $(602)
Foreign (697)1,108 1,258 
Income (loss) before income taxes$(2,511)$1,600 $656 
Current tax expense (benefit)
Federal$(132)$(137)$249 
State and local12 18 
Foreign401 389 951 
Total current tax expense $274 $264 $1,218 
Deferred tax expense (benefit)
Federal$(484)$218 $(445)
State and local(7)51 
Foreign150 (134)(780)
Total deferred tax expense (benefit)$(341)$135 $(1,222)
Provision (credit) for income taxes $(67)$399 $(4)
Net income (loss)$(2,444)$1,201 $660 
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
Reconciliation to U.S. Statutory Rate 1
2025
Amounts in millionsAmountPercent
U.S. federal statutory tax rate$(527)21.0 %
State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax effect(0.3)
Foreign tax effects
Argentina
Foreign currency related items47 (1.9)
Other(5)0.2 
Brazil
Changes in valuation allowances107 (4.3)
Statutory tax rate difference(47)1.9 
Other25 (1.0)
China27 (1.1)
Germany31 (1.2)
The Netherlands
Foreign currency related items(34)1.4 
Other(0.1)
Singapore
Changes in valuation allowances117 (4.7)
Other(0.3)
Switzerland
Changes in valuation allowances95 (3.8)
Statutory tax rate difference44 (1.8)
Nondeductible interest expense36 (1.4)
Other36 (1.4)
Other foreign jurisdictions122 (4.9)
Equity losses53 (2.1)
Effect of cross-border tax laws60 (2.4)
Tax credits
General business credits(26)1.0 
Foreign tax credits 2
(294)11.7 
Changes in valuation allowances37 (1.5)
Nontaxable or nondeductible items
Goodwill impairment81 (3.2)
Other(0.1)
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits108 (4.3)
Other adjustments
Sale of membership interests in Diamond Infrastructure Solutions(112)4.5 
Other(69)2.8 
Effective tax rate$(67)2.7 %
1.Disaggregated in accordance with ASU 2023-09, which was adopted prospectively in 2025.
2.Primarily related to a tax credit stemming from the U.S. Tax Court's decision in Varian Medical Systems Inc. v. Commissioner.
Reconciliation to U.S. Statutory Rate 1
20242023
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate21.0 %21.0 %
Equity earnings effect— 4.2 
Foreign income taxed at rates other than the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate4.6 8.3 
U.S. tax effect of foreign earnings and dividends3.9 (13.0)
Unrecognized tax benefits(10.2)33.1 
Changes in valuation allowances(4.4)18.8 
Federal tax accrual adjustment(1.0)(21.2)
State and local income taxes 5.4 3.0 
Change in tax basis in foreign assets 2
8.3 (54.9)
Foreign permanent items(5.7)(1.1)
Other - net 3.0 1.2 
Effective tax rate24.9 %(0.6)%
1.As presented prior to adoption of ASU 2023-09, which was adopted prospectively in 2025.
2.The 2023 impact primarily represents the initial recognition of tax basis in intangible assets in foreign jurisdictions and the related valuation allowance.
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
Deferred Tax Balances at Dec 3120252024
In millionsAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilities
Property$281 $2,485 $178 $2,550 
Tax loss and credit carryforwards1,653 — 1,732 — 
Postretirement benefit obligations880 215 949 187 
Other accruals and reserves1,997 382 1,881 572 
Intangibles2,207 225 1,972 261 
Inventory141 103 137 227 
Investments145 234 102 31 
Other – net627 91 586 96 
Subtotal$7,931 $3,735 $7,537 $3,924 
Valuation allowances(3,049)— (2,748)— 
Total$4,882 $3,735 $4,789 $3,924 
Summary of Operating Loss Carryforwards
Operating Loss and Tax Credit Carryforwards at Dec 3120252024
In millionsAssetsAssets
Operating loss carryforwards
Expire within 5 years$268 $390 
Expire after 5 years or indefinite expiration777 567 
Total operating loss carryforwards$1,045 $957 
Tax credit carryforwards
Expire within 5 years$118 $121 
Expire after 5 years or indefinite expiration362 244 
Total tax credit carryforwards$480 $365 
Capital loss carryforwards
Expire within 5 years$128 $410 
Total tax loss and tax credit carryforwards$1,653 $1,732 
Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward [Table Text Block]
The following table provides a reconciliation of the Company's unrecognized tax benefits:

Total Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits
In millions202520242023
Total unrecognized tax benefits at Jan 1$422 $513 $520 
Decreases related to positions taken on items from prior years(21)(3)(58)
Increases related to positions taken on items from prior years— 89 
Increases related to positions taken in the current year132 47 77 
Settlement of uncertain tax positions with tax authorities(24)(118)(109)
Decreases due to expiration of statutes of limitations(7)(12)(11)
Foreign exchange loss (gain)(5)
Total unrecognized tax benefits at Dec 31$509 $422 $513 
Total unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate$509 $422 $513 
Total amount of interest and penalties expense (benefit) recognized in "Provision (credit) for income taxes"$13 $(234)$126 
Total accrual for interest and penalties recognized in the consolidated balance sheets$334 $327 $561 
v3.25.4
EARNINGS PER SHARE (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]
The following tables provide earnings per share calculations of Dow Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. In accordance with the accounting guidance for earnings per share, earnings (loss) per share of TDCC is not presented as this information is not required in financial statements of wholly owned subsidiaries.

Net Income (Loss) for Earnings Per Share Calculations202520242023
In millions
Net income (loss)$(2,444)$1,201 $660 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests179 85 71 
Net income attributable to participating securities 1
11 12 11 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(2,634)$1,104 $578 
1.Restricted stock units are considered participating securities due to the Company's practice of paying dividend equivalents on unvested shares.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Basic and Diluted202520242023
Dollars per share
Earnings (loss) per common share - basic$(3.70)$1.57 $0.82 
Earnings (loss) per common share - diluted$(3.70)$1.57 $0.82 
Share Count Information202520242023
Shares in millions
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic711.6 703.8 705.7 
Plus dilutive effect of equity compensation plans 1
— 1.3 3.3 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted 711.6 705.1 709.0 
Stock options and restricted stock units excluded from EPS calculations 2
23.6 10.8 9.6 
1.The year ended December 31, 2025 reflected a net loss and, as such, the basic share count was used for purposes of calculating earnings (loss) per share on a diluted basis.
2.These outstanding stock units were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the effect of including them would have been antidilutive.
v3.25.4
INVENTORIES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Inventory
The following table provides a breakdown of inventories:

Inventories at Dec 31
In millions20252024
Finished goods$3,737 $3,773 
Work in process1,239 1,323 
Raw materials826 822 
Supplies1,181 1,039 
Total$6,983 $6,957 
Adjustment of inventories to the LIFO basis(388)(413)
Total inventories$6,595 $6,544 
v3.25.4
PROPERTY (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Schedule of property
The following table provides a breakdown of property:

Property at Dec 31Estimated Useful 
Lives (Years)
20252024
In millions
Land and land improvements
0-25
$2,441 $2,255 
Buildings
5-50
5,533 5,145 
Machinery and equipment
3-25
47,083 44,047 
Other property
3-50
7,892 7,243 
Construction in progress— 2,914 3,431 
Total property $65,863 $62,121 

In millions202520242023
Depreciation expense$2,122 $1,992 $1,932 
Capitalized interest$145 $133 $88 
v3.25.4
NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Nonconsolidated Affiliates - Investments and Dividends
The Company’s investments in companies accounted for using the equity method (“nonconsolidated affiliates”), by classification in the consolidated balance sheets, and dividends received from nonconsolidated affiliates are shown in the following tables:

Investments in Nonconsolidated Affiliates at Dec 31
2025 1
2024 1
In millions
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates$1,264 $1,266 
Other noncurrent obligations(933)(568)
Net investment in nonconsolidated affiliates$331 $698 
1.The carrying amount of the Company’s investments in nonconsolidated affiliates was $17 million more than and $55 million less than its share of the investees’ net assets at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, exclusive of additional differences relating to Sadara and EQUATE Petrochemical Company K.S.C.C. ("EQUATE"), which are discussed separately in the disclosures that follow.

Dividends Received from Nonconsolidated Affiliates202520242023
In millions
Dividends from nonconsolidated affiliates 1
$199 $342 $268 
1.Included in "Earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates less than dividends received" in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
Balances Due To or Due From Nonconsolidated Affiliates
Balances due to or due from nonconsolidated affiliates at December 31, 2025 and 2024, were as follows:

Balances Due To or Due From Nonconsolidated Affiliates at Dec 3120252024
In millions
Accounts and notes receivable - Other$363 $300 
Accounts payable - Other$534 $748 
Equity Method Investment The Company's principal nonconsolidated affiliates and its ownership interest (direct and indirect) for each at December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, are as follows:
Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates at Dec 31CountryOwnership Interest
 202520242023
EQUATE Petrochemical Company K.S.C.C. Kuwait42.50 %42.50 %42.50 %
The Kuwait Olefins Company K.S.C.C. Kuwait42.50 %42.50 %42.50 %
The Kuwait Styrene Company K.S.C.C.Kuwait42.50 %42.50 %42.50 %
Map Ta Phut Olefins Company Limited 1
Thailand32.77 %32.77 %32.77 %
Sadara Chemical CompanySaudi Arabia35.00 %35.00 %35.00 %
The SCGC-Dow Group:
Siam Polyethylene Company LimitedThailand50.00 %50.00 %50.00 %
Siam Polystyrene Company LimitedThailand50.00 %50.00 %50.00 %
Siam Styrene Monomer Company LimitedThailand50.00 %50.00 %50.00 %
Siam Synthetic Latex Company LimitedThailand50.00 %50.00 %50.00 %
1.The Company's effective ownership of Map Ta Phut Olefins Company Limited ("Map Ta Phut") is 32.77 percent, of which the Company directly owns 20.27 percent and indirectly owns 12.50 percent through its equity interest in Siam Polyethylene Company Limited.
The Company’s investment in and equity earnings from its principal nonconsolidated affiliates are as follows:

Investment in Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates at Dec 3120252024
In millions
Investment in principal nonconsolidated affiliates $747 $740 
Other noncurrent obligations(933)(568)
Net investment (liability) in principal nonconsolidated affiliates$(186)$172 

Equity in Losses of Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates202520242023
In millions
Equity in losses of principal nonconsolidated affiliates$(292)$(57)$(192)
Equity Method Investment Summarized Balance Sheet Information
The summarized financial information that follows represents the combined accounts (at 100 percent) of the principal nonconsolidated affiliates.

Summarized Balance Sheet Information at Dec 3120252024
In millions
Current assets$5,286 $5,414 
Noncurrent assets19,942 20,695 
Total assets$25,228 $26,109 
Current liabilities$7,017 $3,842 
Noncurrent liabilities16,889 19,158 
Total liabilities$23,906 $23,000 
Noncontrolling interests$113 $136 
Equity Method Investment Summarized Income Statement Information
Summarized Income Statement Information 1
202520242023
In millions
Sales$10,993 $12,094 $11,102 
Gross profit (loss)$(244)$598 $289 
Income (loss), net of tax$(1,539)$(748)$(1,053)
1.The results in this table include purchase and sale activity between certain principal nonconsolidated affiliates and the Company, as previously discussed in the "Transactions with Nonconsolidated Affiliates" section.
v3.25.4
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of goodwill
The following table shows changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill by reportable segment for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

GoodwillPackaging & Specialty PlasticsIndustrial Intermediates & InfrastructurePerformance Materials & CoatingsTotal
In millions
Balance at Jan 1, 2024$5,103 $1,094 $2,444 $8,641 
Foreign currency impact(6)(2)(89)(97)
Purchase of Circulus Holdings, LLC37 — — 37 
Sale of laminating adhesives business(16)— — (16)
Balance at Dec 31, 2024$5,118 $1,092 $2,355 $8,565 
Foreign currency impact$13 $$95 $113 
Sale of soil fumigation product line— (10)— (10)
Goodwill impairment— (690)— (690)
Balance at Dec 31, 2025$5,131 $397 $2,450 $7,978 
Schedule of Intangible Assets and Goodwill
The following table provides information regarding the Company’s other intangible assets:

Other Intangible Assets at Dec 3120252024
In millionsGross
Carrying
Amount
Accum AmortNetGross
Carrying
Amount
Accum AmortNet
Intangible assets:
Developed technology$2,508 $(2,267)$241 $2,541 $(2,214)$327 
Software1,395 (1,077)318 1,354 (1,007)347 
Trademarks/tradenames324 (319)324 (318)
Customer-related2,986 (2,064)922 2,896 (1,855)1,041 
Total other intangible assets$7,213 $(5,727)$1,486 $7,115 $(5,394)$1,721 
Finite-lived Intangible Assets Amortization Expense
The following table provides information regarding amortization expense related to intangible assets:

Amortization Expense202520242023
In millions
Other intangible assets, excluding software$231 $310 $324 
Software, included in "Cost of sales"$70 $67 $70 
Schedule of estimated future amortization expense
Total estimated amortization expense for the next five fiscal years, including amounts expected to be capitalized, is as follows:

Estimated Amortization Expense for Next Five Years
In millions
2026$231 
2027$195 
2028$175 
2029$164 
2030$153 
v3.25.4
Transfers and Servicing (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]  
Cash Flows related to Transfers of AR [Table Text Block]
The following table provides a summary of cash flows related to the Programs and the Facilities for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:

Cash Flows Related to Transfers of Accounts Receivable
In millions202520242023
Proceeds received from new transfers$538 $1,533 $203 
Balances related to Transfers of AR
The following table provides the balances related to the Programs and the Facilities at December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Balances Related to Transfers of Accounts Receivable at Dec 31
In millions20252024
Balance outstanding$$287
Accounts receivable derecognized $$278
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets:
    Accrued and other current liabilities 1
$$9
1. Represents amounts collected from customers and not yet remitted by the Company.
v3.25.4
NOTES PAYABLE, LONG-TERM DEBT AND AVAILABLE CREDIT FACILITIES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of notes payable
Notes Payable at Dec 31
In millions20252024
Notes payable to banks and other lenders$90 $135 
Year-end average interest rates32.18 %36.03 %
Schedule of long-term debt
Long-Term Debt at Dec 312025 Average Rate20252024
Average
Rate
2024
In millions
Promissory notes and debentures:
Final maturity 2025— %$— 5.63 %$333 
Final maturity 20284.80 %600 4.80 %600 
Final maturity 2029 1
7.53 %952 7.58 %1,368 
Final maturity 20302.10 %818 2.10 %818 
Final maturity 2031 and thereafter 1
5.36 %11,553 5.37 %9,192 
Other facilities:
Foreign currency notes and loans, various rates and maturities1.98 %2,237 2.01 %2,540 
InterNotes®, varying maturities through 2055
4.81 %1,011 4.31 %661 
Medium-term notes, maturity 2025— %— 4.75 %
Finance lease obligations 2
1,126 939 
Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs(226)(244)
Long-term debt due within one year 3
(222)(497)
Long-term debt$17,849 $15,711 
1.Cost includes net fair value hedge adjustment gains of $27 million at December 31, 2025 ($9 million at December 31, 2024). See Note 21 for additional information.
2.See Note 16 for additional information.
3.Presented net of current portion of unamortized debt issuance costs.
Schedule of maturities of long-term debt
Maturities of Long-Term Debt for Next Five Years at Dec 31, 2025
In millions
2026$222 
2027$797 
2028$763 
2029$1,070 
2030$1,046 
Schedule of committed and available credit facilities
The following table summarizes the Company's credit facilities:

Committed and Available Credit Facilities at Dec 31, 2025
In millionsCommitted CreditCredit AvailableMaturity DateInterest
Five Year Competitive Advance and Revolving Credit Facility$5,000 $5,000 June 2030Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility300 300 February 2026Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 March 2026Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility375 375 October 2026Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility150 150 November 2026Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility200 200 November 2026Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility250 250 March 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 May 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility350 350 June 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility200 200 September 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 October 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility200 200 November 2027Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 March 2028Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 March 2028Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility300 300 May 2028Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility200 200 September 2028Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility175 175 September 2028Floating rate
Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility100 100 June 2030Floating rate
Total Committed and Available Credit Facilities$8,300 $8,300 
v3.25.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Environmental Loss Contingency
The following table summarizes the activity in the Company's accrued obligations for environmental matters for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Accrued Obligations for Environmental Matters20252024
In millions
Balance at Jan 1$1,113 $1,180 
Accrual adjustment80 216 
Payments against reserve(203)(259)
Foreign currency impact21 (24)
Balance at Dec 31$1,011 $1,113 
Schedule of Guarantor Obligations
The following table provides a summary of the final expiration, maximum future payments and recorded liability reflected in the consolidated balance sheets for guarantees:

GuaranteesDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millionsFinal
Expiration
Maximum Future PaymentsRecorded LiabilityFinal
Expiration
Maximum Future Payments 1
Recorded Liability
Guarantees2038$1,307 $212 2038$1,456 $155 
1.In addition, TDCC had provided guarantees, in proportion to the Company's 35 percent ownership interest, of all interest payments on Sadara’s project financing debt during the grace period, which expired in December 2025. Dow's share was estimated to be $158 million at December 31, 2024.
Schedule of Change in Asset Retirement Obligation
The following table shows changes in the aggregate carrying amount of the Company’s asset retirement obligations for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Asset Retirement Obligations20252024
In millions
Balance at Jan 1$174 $140 
Additional accruals 1
146 45 
Liabilities settled(6)(13)
Accretion expense
Revisions in estimated cash flows
Other(26)(5)
Balance at Dec 31$304 $174 
1.Includes accrual of $105 million for asset retirement obligations resulting from asset shutdowns related to the 2025 Restructuring Program discussed in Note 5.
v3.25.4
LEASES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Lease, Cost [Table Text Block]
The components of lease cost for operating and finance leases for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, were as follows:

Lease Cost202520242023
In millions
Operating lease cost$429 $433 $426 
Finance lease cost
Amortization of right-of-use assets - finance133 117 106 
Interest on lease liabilities - finance52 45 34 
Total finance lease cost185 162 140 
Short-term lease cost308 322 255 
Variable lease cost1,093 1,074 929 
Sublease income(7)(10)(9)
Total lease cost$2,008 $1,981 $1,741 
Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases [Table Text Block]
The following table provides supplemental cash flow and other information related to leases:

Other Lease Information202520242023
In millions
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases$437 $436 $424 
Operating cash flows for finance leases$52 $45 $34 
Financing cash flows for finance leases$123 $132 $127 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases$392 $241 $309 
Finance leases$287 $218 $234 
Schedule of Lease Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]
The following table summarizes the lease-related assets and liabilities recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Lease PositionBalance Sheet ClassificationDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millions
Assets
Operating lease assetsOperating lease right-of-use assets$1,356 $1,268 
Finance lease assetsProperty1,754 1,495 
Finance lease amortizationAccumulated depreciation(739)(619)
Total lease assets$2,371 $2,144 
Liabilities
Current
OperatingOperating lease liabilities - current$340 $318 
FinanceLong-term debt due within one year136 106 
Noncurrent
OperatingOperating lease liabilities - noncurrent1,097 984 
FinanceLong-Term Debt990 833 
Total lease liabilities$2,563 $2,241 
Lease Terms and Discount Rates [Table Text Block]
The weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate for leases recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are provided below:

Lease Term and Discount RateDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
Weighted-average remaining lease term
Operating leases6.6 years6.7 years
Finance leases8.7 years9.7 years
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases5.05 %4.84 %
Finance leases5.12 %5.00 %
Maturities of Lease Liabilities [Table Text Block]
The following table provides the maturities of lease liabilities at December 31, 2025:

Maturities of Lease LiabilitiesOperating LeasesFinance Leases
In millions
2026$397 $186 
2027337 168 
2028266 181 
2029176 136 
2030125 116 
2031 and thereafter418 638 
Total future undiscounted lease payments$1,719 $1,425 
Less: Imputed interest282 299 
Total present value of lease liabilities$1,437 $1,126 
Schedule of Guarantor Obligations
The following table provides a summary of the final expiration, maximum future payments and recorded liability reflected in the consolidated balance sheets for guarantees:

GuaranteesDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millionsFinal
Expiration
Maximum Future PaymentsRecorded LiabilityFinal
Expiration
Maximum Future Payments 1
Recorded Liability
Guarantees2038$1,307 $212 2038$1,456 $155 
1.In addition, TDCC had provided guarantees, in proportion to the Company's 35 percent ownership interest, of all interest payments on Sadara’s project financing debt during the grace period, which expired in December 2025. Dow's share was estimated to be $158 million at December 31, 2024.
Residual Value Guarantees  
Schedule of Guarantor Obligations
Lease GuaranteesDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millionsFinal ExpirationMaximum Future PaymentsRecorded LiabilityFinal ExpirationMaximum Future PaymentsRecorded Liability
Residual value guarantees2035$452 $— 2034$313 $— 
v3.25.4
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Schedule of Common Stock and Treasury Stock Outstanding Roll Forward
The following table provides a reconciliation of Dow Inc. common stock activity for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:

Shares of Dow Inc. Common StockIssuedHeld in Treasury
Balance at Jan 1, 2023771,678,525 66,798,605 
Issued 1
6,916,989 (2,347,747)
Repurchased— 11,851,223 
Balance at Jan 1, 2024778,595,514 76,302,081 
Issued 1
5,876,425 (4,304,574)
Repurchased— 8,861,638 
Balance at Jan 1, 2025784,471,939 80,859,145 
Issued 1
5,815,626 (7,793,993)
Balance at Dec 31, 2025790,287,565 73,065,152 
1.Shares issued to employees and non-employee directors under the Company's equity compensation and defined contribution plans.
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The changes in each component of AOCL for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss202520242023
In millions
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
Beginning balance$(243)$(253)$(253)
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments97 39 (6)
Tax (expense) benefit(21)(17)54 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments76 22 48 
(Gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss) 1
(8)(15)(63)
Tax expense (benefit) 2
15 
Net (gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss)(6)(12)(48)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax70 10 — 
Ending balance$(173)$(243)$(253)
Cumulative Translation Adjustment
Beginning balance$(2,063)$(1,891)$(1,934)
Gains (losses) on foreign currency translation183 (150)57 
 Tax (expense) benefit58 (2)— 
Net gains (losses) on foreign currency translation241 (152)57 
(Gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss) 3
(38)(20)(14)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax203 (172)43 
Ending balance$(1,860)$(2,063)$(1,891)
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
Beginning balance$(5,720)$(5,486)$(4,877)
Gains (losses) arising during the period(188)(371)(1,454)
 Tax (expense) benefit38 77 349 
Net gains (losses) arising during the period(150)(294)(1,105)
Amortization of net loss and prior service credits reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss) 4
444 76 648 
Tax expense (benefit) 2
(103)(16)(152)
Net loss and prior service credits reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss)341 60 496 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax191 (234)(609)
Ending balance$(5,529)$(5,720)$(5,486)
Derivative Instruments
Beginning balance$(84)$(51)$(75)
Gains (losses) on derivative instruments(42)(65)(201)
Tax (expense) benefit22 30 
Net gains (losses) on derivative instruments(40)(43)(171)
(Gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss) 5
34 14 250 
Tax expense (benefit) 2
(8)(4)(55)
Net (gains) losses reclassified from AOCL to net income (loss)26 10 195 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax(14)(33)24 
Ending balance$(98)$(84)$(51)
Total AOCL ending balance$(7,660)$(8,110)$(7,681)
1.Reclassified to "Net sales" and "Sundry income (expense) - net."
2.Reclassified to "Provision (credit) for income taxes."
3.Reclassified to "Sundry income (expense) - net."
4.These AOCL components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (credit) of the Company's defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans. See Note 19 for additional information.
5.Reclassified to "Cost of sales," "Sundry income (expense) - net" and "Interest expense and amortization of debt discount."
v3.25.4
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS Noncontrolling Interests (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]  
Noncontrolling Interests
The following table summarizes the activity for equity attributable to noncontrolling interests for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:

Noncontrolling Interests
In millions202520242023
Balance at Jan 1$496 $501 $529 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 179 85 71 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests 1
(212)(69)(81)
Sale of noncontrolling interests1,028 — — 
Cumulative translation adjustments23 (20)(19)
Other— (1)
Balance at Dec 31$1,514 $496 $501 
1.Distributions to noncontrolling interests are net of $8 million in 2025 ($8 million in 2024 and 2023) in dividends paid to a joint venture, which were reclassified to "Equity in earnings (losses) of nonconsolidated affiliates" in the consolidated statements of income. In 2025, distributions include $47 million of dividends declared but not yet paid, included in "Accrued and other current liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets.
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Changes in Projected Benefit Obligations, Fair Value of Plan Assets, and Funded Status of Plan
Summarized information on the Company's pension and other postretirement benefit plans is as follows:

Change in Projected Benefit Obligations, Plan Assets and Funded Status of All Significant PlansDefined Benefit Pension PlansOther Postretirement Benefit Plans
In millions2025202420252024
Change in projected benefit obligations:
Benefit obligations at beginning of year$21,010 $22,467 $812 $914 
Service cost45 57 
Interest cost989 1,005 40 44 
Plan participants' contributions11 16 — — 
Actuarial changes in assumptions and experience192 (877)(8)(56)
Benefits paid(1,301)(1,237)(90)(88)
Other— — 
Effect of foreign exchange rates666 (360)(5)
Settlements/curtailments/termination benefits 1
(895)(69)— — 
Benefit obligations at end of year$20,719 $21,010 $763 $812 
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year$18,169 $19,634 $— $— 
Actual return on plan assets 1,262 — — 
Employer contributions209 121 — — 
Plan participants' contributions11 16 — — 
Benefits paid(1,301)(1,237)— — 
Settlements 2
(895)(34)— — 
Other 3
— (56)— — 
Effect of foreign exchange rates544 (284)— — 
Fair value of plan assets at end of year$17,999 $18,169 $— $— 
Funded status:
U.S. plans with plan assets$(1,301)$(1,360)$— $— 
Non-U.S. plans with plan assets(809)(888)— — 
All other plans(610)(593)(763)(812)
Funded status at end of year$(2,720)$(2,841)$(763)$(812)
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets at Dec 31:
Deferred charges and other assets$860 $757 $— $— 
Accrued and other current liabilities(86)(73)(73)(77)
Pension and other postretirement benefits - noncurrent(3,494)(3,525)(690)(735)
Net amount recognized$(2,720)$(2,841)$(763)$(812)
Pretax amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss at Dec 31:
Net loss (gain)$7,709 $7,996 $(379)$(417)
Prior service credit(39)(44)— — 
Pretax balance in accumulated other comprehensive loss at end of year$7,670 $7,952 $(379)$(417)
1.The 2025 impact primarily relates to the settlement and termination of certain pension plans in the United States and Europe and special termination benefits and settlement of certain benefit obligations for a European plan resulting from the 2025 Restructuring Program. The 2024 impact primarily relates to the curtailment, special termination benefits and settlement of certain pension benefit obligations of a European plan resulting from the 2023 Restructuring Program, and the settlement and curtailment impacts of certain pension benefit obligations in Canada, China and Europe.
2.The 2025 impact primarily relates to the settlement and termination of certain pension plans in the United States and Europe and also includes special termination benefits and settlement of certain benefit obligations for a European plan resulting from the 2025 Restructuring Program. The 2024 impact primarily relates to the settlement of certain pension benefit obligations of a European plan resulting from the 2023 Restructuring Program and settlement of certain pension benefit obligations in Canada.
3.The 2024 impact primarily relates to the reversion of pension plan funds for a portion of the excess funding of one of its plans in Europe.
Schedule of Net Benefit Costs
Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) for All Significant Plans for the Year Ended Dec 31Defined Benefit Pension PlansOther Postretirement Benefit Plans
In millions202520242023202520242023
Net Periodic Benefit Costs:
Service cost$45 $57 $272 $$$
Interest cost989 1,005 1,110 40 44 45 
Expected return on plan assets(1,282)(1,380)(1,539)— — — 
Amortization of prior service credit(14)(14)(26)— — — 
Amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss164 141 89 (46)(41)(57)
Curtailment/settlement/other 1
342 (10)642 — — — 
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)$244 $(201)$548 $(3)$$(8)
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss:
Net (gain) loss$208 $444 $1,395 $(8)$(56)$64 
Prior service cost— — — — — 
Amortization of prior service credit14 14 26 — — — 
Amortization of unrecognized gain (loss)(164)(141)(89)46 41 57 
Curtailment and settlement gain (loss) 1
(340)10 (642)— — — 
Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss$(282)$327 $696 $38 $(15)$121 
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive (income) loss$(38)$126 $1,244 $35 $(9)$113 
1.The 2025 impact primarily relates to the settlement and termination of certain pension plans in the United States and Europe and also includes special termination benefits and settlement of certain benefit obligations for a European plan resulting from the 2025 Restructuring Program. The 2024 impact primarily relates to the settlement of certain plan obligations of a European plan resulting from the 2023 Restructuring Program and curtailments and settlement of certain pension benefit obligations in Canada, China and Europe. The 2023 impact relates to the settlement of certain pension benefit obligations in the United States and Canada through the purchase of or conversion to annuity contracts from insurance companies.
Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments
The estimated future benefit payments, reflecting expected future service, as appropriate, are presented in the following table:

Estimated Future Benefit Payments at Dec 31, 2025
Defined Benefit Pension PlansOther Postretirement Benefit Plans
In millions
2026$1,528 $75 
20271,396 72 
20281,417 70 
20291,421 67 
20301,432 64 
2031 - 20357,086 275 
Total$14,280 $623 
Pension Plan [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule of Assumptions Used
The weighted-average assumptions used to determine pension plan obligations and net periodic benefit cost for all plans are summarized in the table below:

Weighted-Average Assumptions for All Pension Plans Benefit Obligations
 at Dec 31
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
for the Year Ended
 20252024202520242023
Discount rate5.05 %5.13 %5.13 %4.73 %5.26 %
Interest crediting rate for applicable benefits3.87 %3.81 %3.81 %3.99 %4.19 %
Rate of compensation increase3.41 %3.40 %3.40 %3.80 %4.05 %
Expected return on plan assets6.24 %6.42 %6.62 %

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine pension plan obligations and net periodic benefit cost for U.S. plans are summarized in the table below:

Weighted-Average Assumptions for U.S. Pension PlansBenefit Obligations
 at Dec 31
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
for the Year Ended
20252024202520242023
Discount rate5.48 %5.74 %5.74 %5.30 %5.76 %
Interest crediting rate for applicable benefits4.50 %3.54 %3.54 %4.50 %4.50 %
Rate of compensation increase 1
— %— %— %4.25 %4.25 %
Expected return on plan assets7.04 %7.07 %7.46 %
1.The rate of compensation increase assumption is not relevant for the U.S. Plans at December 31, 2025 and 2024, and for the year ended December 31, 2025, due to the freezing of plan benefits.
Schedule of Accumulated Benefit Obligations in Excess of Fair Value of Plan Assets
Pension Plans with Accumulated Benefit Obligations in Excess of Plan Assets at Dec 31 20252024
In millions
Accumulated benefit obligations$17,840 $17,455 
Fair value of plan assets$14,302 $13,905 
Schedule of Projected Benefit Obligations in Excess of Fair Value of Plan Assets
Pension Plans with Projected Benefit Obligations in Excess of Plan Assets at Dec 3120252024
In millions
Projected benefit obligations$17,882 $17,502 
Fair value of plan assets$14,302 $13,905 
Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets
The weighted-average target allocation for plan assets of the Company's pension plans is summarized as follows:

Target Allocation for Plan Assets at Dec 31, 2025
Target Allocation
Asset Category
Equity securities21 %
Fixed income securities49 
Alternative investments26 
Other investments
Total 100 %
Schedule of Defined Benefit Plans Disclosures
The following table summarizes the bases used to measure the Company’s pension plan assets at fair value at December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Basis of Fair Value MeasurementsDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millionsTotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents$2,114 $1,765 $349 $— $1,319 $1,087 $232 $— 
Equity securities:
U.S. equity securities$1,448 $1,438 $$$1,474 $1,466 $$
Non - U.S. equity securities929 906 17 1,620 1,488 127 
Total equity securities$2,377 $2,344 $25 $$3,094 $2,954 $134 $
Fixed income securities:
Debt - government-issued$3,722 $$3,721 $— $3,805 $— $3,805 $— 
Debt - corporate-issued2,839 374 2,465 — 3,189 308 2,881 — 
Debt - asset-backed35 — 35 — 42 — 42 — 
Total fixed income securities$6,596 $375 $6,221 $— $7,036 $308 $6,728 $— 
Alternative investments:
Private markets$— $— $— $— $$— $— $
Real estate26 26 — — 19 19 — — 
Derivatives - asset position214 212 — 242 237 — 
Derivatives - liability position(409)(2)(407)— (423)(5)(418)— 
Total alternative investments$(169)$26 $(195)$— $(161)$19 $(181)$
Other investments$828 $— $828 $— $1,180 $— $1,180 $— 
Subtotal$11,746 $4,510 $7,228 $$12,468 $4,368 $8,093 $
Investments measured at net asset value:
Hedge funds$946 $839 
Private markets4,109 3,556 
Real estate1,317 1,423 
Total investments measured at net asset value$6,372 $5,818 
Items to reconcile to fair value of plan assets:
Pension trust receivables 1
$49    $81    
Pension trust payables 2
(168)   (198)   
Total$17,999    $18,169    
1.Primarily receivables for investment securities sold.
2.Primarily payables for investment securities purchased.
Schedule of Effect of Significant Unobservable Inputs, Changes in Plan Assets
The following table summarizes the changes in the fair value of Level 3 pension plan assets for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Fair Value Measurement of Level 3 Pension Plan AssetsEquity SecuritiesFixed Income SecuritiesAlternative InvestmentsTotal
In millions
Balance at Jan 1, 2024$$$$
Actual return on assets:
Relating to assets held at Dec 31, 2024(1)— — (1)
Purchases, sales and settlements, net(1)— — (1)
Transfers into Level 3, net(1)— 
Balance at Dec 31, 2024$$— $$
Actual return on assets:
Relating to assets held at Dec 31, 2025— (1)
Balance at Dec 31, 2025$$— $— $
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule of Assumptions Used
The weighted-average assumptions used to determine other postretirement benefit plan obligations and net periodic benefit cost for the U.S. plans are provided below:

Weighted-Average Assumptions for U.S. Other Postretirement Benefits PlansBenefit Obligations
 at Dec 31
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
for the Year Ended
20252024202520242023
Discount rate5.32 %5.66 %5.66 %5.23 %5.57 %
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year7.50 %7.00 %7.00 %6.61 %6.79 %
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate health care cost trend rate)5.00 %5.00 %5.00 %5.00 %5.00 %
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate health care cost trend rate20362033203320332033
v3.25.4
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions The weighted-average assumptions used to calculate total stock-based compensation are included in the following table:
Weighted-Average Assumptions202520242023
Dividend yield 1
5.20 %5.08 %4.74 %
Expected volatility29.77 %29.70 %30.30 %
Risk-free interest rate4.44 %4.24 %3.83 %
Expected life of stock options granted during period (years)6.506.006.00
1.Beginning in 2025, the Company revised its method for determining the dividend yield assumption used in valuing stock options. The Company now uses the average historical dividend yield over the prior three years rather than the grant-date yield. This change was made to better reflect the historical stability of dividend payments and available information at the valuation date.
Employee Stock Option  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity The following table summarizes stock option activity for 2025:
Stock Options 2025
Shares in thousandsShares
Exercise
Price 1
Outstanding at Jan 1, 202513,370 $57.35 
Granted1,779 $38.27 
Forfeited/Expired(1,038)$49.81 
Outstanding at Dec 31, 202514,111 $55.50 
Remaining contractual life in years4.53
Aggregate intrinsic value in millions$— 
Exercisable at Dec 31, 202511,191 $58.07 
Remaining contractual life in years3.47
Aggregate intrinsic value in millions$— 
1. Weighted-average per share.

Additional Information about Stock Options
In millions, except per share amounts202520242023
Weighted-average fair value per share of options granted$8.26 $10.94 $12.13 
Total compensation expense for stock option plans$14 $13 $13 
Related tax benefit$$$
Total amount of cash received from the exercise of options$— $53 $77 
Total intrinsic value of options exercised 1
$— $$40 
Related tax benefit$— $$
1.Difference between the market price at exercise and the price paid by the employee to exercise the options.
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Schedule of Nonvested Restricted Stock Units Activity
The Company grants RSUs to certain employees and non-employee directors. The grants vest after a designated period of time, one to three years for employees and two years for non-employee directors. The following table shows changes in nonvested RSUs:

RSU Awards2025
Shares in thousandsShares
Grant Date
Fair Value 1
Nonvested at Jan 1, 20254,125 $57.09 
Granted3,109 $37.90 
Vested(2,250)$50.55 
Canceled(246)$46.60 
Nonvested at Dec 31, 20254,738 $48.15 
1.Weighted-average per share.
Schedule of Additional Information About Deferred Restricted Stock Units
Additional Information about RSUs
In millions, except per share amounts202520242023
Weighted-average fair value per share of RSUs granted$37.90 $55.14 $58.39 
Total fair value of RSUs vested 1
$65 $86 $117 
Related tax benefit$14 $19 $26 
Total compensation expense for RSU awards$112 $110 $103 
Related tax benefit$25 $24 $23 
1.Includes the fair value of shares vested in prior years and delivered in the reporting year.
Performance Stock Units (PSUs) [Member]  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
The following table shows the PSU awards granted:

PSU Awards
Target
Shares
Granted 1
Grant Date
Fair
Value 2
Shares in thousands
YearPerformance Period
2025
Various 3
24 $31.27 
2025Jan 1, 2025 - Dec 31, 20272,044 $38.46 
2024
Various 3
11 $51.93 
2024Jan 1, 2024 - Dec 31, 20261,366 $58.43 
2023
Dec 18, 2023 – Dec 18, 2026 3
13 $54.25 
2023Jan 1, 2023 – Dec 31, 20251,233 $64.04 
1.At the end of the performance period, the actual number of shares issued can range from zero to 200 percent of target shares granted for the Jan 1 - Dec 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 awards, and zero to 100 percent of target shares granted for the Dec 18, 2023 - Dec 18, 2026 and various 2024 and 2025 awards.
2.Weighted-average per share.
3.PSU awards granted with a three-year performance period and vest based on completion of a Company initiative.
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Performance Shares, Activity
The following table shows changes in nonvested PSUs:

PSUs2025
Shares in thousandsShares
Grant Date
Fair
Value 1
Nonvested at Jan 1, 20253,619 $62.44 
Granted2,068 $38.38 
Vested 2
(1,095)$65.82 
Canceled(127)$46.90 
Nonvested at Dec 31, 20254,465 $50.93 
1.Weighted-average per share.
2.Includes 655,910 shares that were not delivered at vesting due to the final performance of the program.
Schedule of Additional Information About Performance Deferred Stock
Additional Information about PSUs 
In millions, except share amounts202520242023
Total fair value of PSUs vested and delivered 1
$17 $127 $77 
Related tax benefit$$28 $17 
Total compensation expense for PSU awards $$$67 
Related tax benefit$$$15 
Shares of PSUs settled in cash (in thousands) 2
112 398 369 
Total cash paid to settle PSUs 3
$$44 $21 
1.Includes the fair value of shares vested in prior years and delivered in the reporting year.
2.PSU awards vested in prior years and delivered in the reporting year.
3.Cash paid to certain executive employees for PSU awards vested in prior periods and delivered in the reporting year, equal to the value of the stock award on the date of delivery
Employee Stock Purchase Plan  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Employee Stock Purchase Plan, Activity
Additional Information about Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In millions, except per share amounts
202520242023
Weighted-average fair value per share of purchase rights granted$7.44 $11.71 $11.75 
Total compensation expense for ESPP$24 $27 $29 
Related tax benefit$$$
Total amount of cash received from the exercise of purchase rights$85 $113 $111 
Total intrinsic value of purchase rights exercised 1
$15 $20 $20 
Related tax benefit$$$
1.Difference between the market price at exercise and the price paid by the employee to exercise the purchase rights
v3.25.4
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Investments, All Other Investments [Abstract]  
Investing Results The following table provides the investing results from available-for-sale securities for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023.
Investing Results
In millions202520242023
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities$606 $1,821 $985 
Gross realized gains$19 $36 $89 
Gross realized losses$(11)$(21)$(26)
Contractual Maturities of Debt Securities
The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of the Company’s investments in debt securities:

Contractual Maturities of Debt Securities at Dec 31, 2025
CostFair
Value
In millions
Within one year$120 $115 
One to five years1,058 996 
Six to ten years507 510 
After ten years660 582 
Total$2,345 $2,203 
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value
The following table provides the fair value and gross unrealized losses of the Company’s investments in debt securities that were deemed to be temporarily impaired at December 31, 2025 and 2024, aggregated by investment category:

Temporarily Impaired Debt Securities at
Dec 31
Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized Losses
In millions
2025
Government debt 1
$283 $(9)$522 $(74)$805 $(83)
Corporate bonds370 (42)334 (51)704 (93)
Total temporarily impaired debt securities$653 $(51)$856 $(125)$1,509 $(176)
2024
Government debt 1
$388 $(18)$482 $(105)$870 $(123)
Corporate bonds334 (55)486 (83)820 (138)
Total temporarily impaired debt securities$722 $(73)$968 $(188)$1,690 $(261)
1.U.S. Treasury obligations, U.S. agency obligations, U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities and other municipalities' obligations.
Equity Securities with and without Readily Determinable Fair Value
Investments in Equity SecuritiesDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millions
Readily determinable fair value$$14 
Not readily determinable fair value 1
$225 $153 
1.In 2025, the Company recorded a $33 million upward adjustment to the carrying value of an equity security with no readily determinable fair value due to a financing round performed by the privately held investee. The equity issuance was determined to be an orderly transaction of a similar investment with an observable price change. There have been no other life-to-date material adjustments to the carrying value of investments without readily determinable fair values for impairment or observable price changes.
Schedule of Notional Amounts of Outstanding Derivative Positions
The notional amounts of the Company's derivative instruments at December 31, 2025 and 2024, were as follows:

Notional Amounts 1
Dec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millions
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts$600 $1,870 
Foreign currency contracts$5,114 $3,144 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts$97 $14 
Foreign currency contracts$10,560 $9,244 
1.Notional amounts represent the absolute value of open derivative positions at the end of the period. Multi-leg option positions are reflected at the maximum notional position at expiration.
The notional amounts of the Company's commodity derivatives at December 31, 2025 and 2024, were as follows:

Commodity Notionals 1
Dec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024Notional Volume Unit
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Hydrocarbon derivatives9.5 3.2 million barrels of oil equivalent
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Hydrocarbon derivatives1.4 1.1 million barrels of oil equivalent
1.Notional amounts represent the net volume of open derivative positions outstanding at the end of the period.
Schedule of Derivative Instruments
Maximum Maturity Dates of Derivatives Designated as Hedging InstrumentsYear
Interest rate contracts2027
Foreign currency contracts2027
Commodity contracts2028
Schedule Fair Values of Derivative Instruments
The following table provides the fair value and balance sheet classification of derivative instruments at December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Fair Value of Derivative InstrumentsDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millionsGross
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting 1
Net 2
Gross
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting 1
Net 2
Asset derivatives
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts 3
$$(9)$— $20 $(20)$— 
Interest rate contracts 4
(8)— — — 
Foreign currency contracts 3
54 (32)22 33 (15)18 
Commodity contracts 3
171 (147)24 25 (14)11 
Commodity contracts 4
54 (48)46 (36)10 
Total$297 $(244)$53 $124 $(85)$39 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Foreign currency contracts 3
$44 $(36)$$74 $(16)$58 
Commodity contracts 3
21 (17)16 (1)15 
Commodity contracts 4
— (3)
Total$67 $(53)$14 $94 $(20)$74 
Total asset derivatives $364 $(297)$67 $218 $(105)$113 
Liability derivatives
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts 5
$12 $(9)$$46 $(20)$26 
Interest rate contracts 6
(8)— — — — 
Foreign currency contracts 5
71 (32)39 75 (15)60 
Foreign currency contracts 6
— — — 40 — 40 
Commodity contracts 5
182 (162)20 16 (14)
Commodity contracts 6
54 (48)37 (36)
Total$327 $(259)$68 $214 $(85)$129 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts 5
$$— $$$— $
Foreign currency contracts 5
84 (36)48 27 (16)11 
Commodity contracts 5
21 (17)(1)
Commodity contracts 6
— (3)
Total$107 $(53)$54 $40 $(20)$20 
Total liability derivatives $434 $(312)$122 $254 $(105)$149 
1.Counterparty and cash collateral amounts represent the estimated net settlement amount when applying netting and set-off rights included in master netting arrangements between the Company and its counterparties and the payable or receivable for cash collateral held or placed with the same counterparty.
2.Represents the net amounts included in the consolidated balance sheets.
3.Included in "Other current assets" in the consolidated balance sheets.
4.Included in "Deferred charges and other assets" in the consolidated balance sheets.
5.Included in "Accrued and other current liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets.
6.Included in "Other noncurrent obligations" in the consolidated balance sheets.
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss)
The following table summarizes the gain (loss) of derivative instruments in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:

Effect of Derivative Instruments
Gain (loss) recognized in OCI 1
Gain (loss) recognized in income 2
In millions202520242023202520242023
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate contracts 3, 4
$— $— $— $17 $(40)$— 
Excluded components 3, 5
(18)— — — 
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts 3
— (5)(13)(10)
Foreign currency contracts 6
21 (72)20 (13)
Foreign currency contracts 7
(5)— — — — — 
Commodity contracts 6
(42)28 (152)(18)— (242)
Excluded components 5, 6
(1)(8)(4)(7)(7)— 
Excluded components 5,7
— — — — 
Net foreign investment hedges:
Foreign currency contracts(82)20 60 — — — 
Excluded components 5, 7
42 26 36 39 18 29 
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments$(52)$$(53)$22 $(36)$(221)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate contracts 3
$— $— $— $$— $— 
Foreign currency contracts 7
— — — (189)183 (156)
Commodity contracts 6
— — — (18)12 
Commodity contracts 7
— — — — — 
Total return swap 6
— — — 54 44 14 
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments$— $— $— $(147)$239 $(141)
Total derivatives$(52)$$(53)$(125)$203 $(362)
1.OCI is defined as other comprehensive income (loss).
2.Pretax amounts.
3.Included in "Interest expense and amortization of debt discount" in the consolidated statements of income.
4.Gain (loss) recognized in income of derivatives is offset by gain (loss) recognized in income of the hedged item.
5.The excluded components are related to the time value of the derivatives designated as hedges.
6.Included in "Cost of sales" in the consolidated statements of income.
7.Included in "Sundry income (expense) - net" in the consolidated statements of income.
Schedule of Hedging Amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to be Recognized Over Next Fiscal Year [Table Text Block]
The following table provides the net after-tax gain (loss) expected to be reclassified from AOCL to income within the next 12 months:

Expected Reclassifications from AOCL within the next 12 monthsDec 31,
2025
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts$(3)
Commodity contracts$(14)
Foreign currency contracts$(2)
Excluded components$(1)
Net foreign investment hedges:
Excluded components$
v3.25.4
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
The following table summarizes the bases used to measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis:

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring BasisDec 31, 2025Dec 31, 2024
In millions
Fair Value LevelCostGainLossFair ValueCostGainLossFair Value
Assets at fair value:
Cash equivalents:
Held-to-maturity securities 1
Level 2$624 $— $— $624 $96 $— $— $96 
Money market fundsLevel 2923 — — 923 1,164 — — 1,164 
Marketable securities 2
Level 2446 — (61)385 453 — (70)383 
Other investments:
Debt securities: 3
Government debt 4
Level 21,221 24 (83)1,162 1,103 13 (123)993 
Corporate bondsLevel 114 — (1)13 18 — (1)17 
Corporate bondsLevel 2910 10 (57)863 954 (88)872 
Corporate bondsLevel 3200 — (35)165 200 — (49)151 
Equity securities 3, 5
Level 1— 10 — 14 
Derivatives relating to: 6
Interest ratesLevel 2— 18 — 18 — 20 — 20 
Foreign currencyLevel 2— 98 — 98 — 107 — 107 
CommoditiesLevel 1— — — — 
CommoditiesLevel 2— 246 — 246 — 87 — 87 
Total assets at fair value$4,508 $3,908 
Liabilities at fair value:    
Long-term debt including debt due within one year 7
Level 2$(18,071)$1,746 $(342)$(16,667)$(16,208)$1,487 $(484)$(15,205)
Guarantee liability 8
Level 3(212)(155)
Derivatives relating to: 6
Interest ratesLevel 2— — (21)(21)— — (47)(47)
Foreign currencyLevel 2— — (155)(155)— — (142)(142)
CommoditiesLevel 1— — (15)(15)— — (1)(1)
CommoditiesLevel 2— — (243)(243)— — (64)(64)
Total liabilities at fair value$(17,313)$(15,614)
1.The Company's held-to-maturity securities primarily relate to treasury bills and time deposits and are included in "Cash and cash equivalents" in the consolidated balance sheets. At December 31, 2025, $555 million is included in "Cash and cash equivalents" ($96 million at December 31, 2024) and $69 million is included in "Other current assets" (zero at December 31, 2024) in the consolidated balance sheets.
2.The Company's investments in marketable securities are included in "Other current assets" in the consolidated balance sheets.
3.The Company's investments in debt securities, which are primarily available-for-sale, and equity securities are included in "Other investments" in the consolidated balance sheets.
4.U.S. Treasury obligations, U.S. agency obligations, U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities and other municipalities' obligations.
5.Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value.
6.See Note 21 for the classification of derivatives in the consolidated balance sheets.
7.Cost includes fair value hedge adjustment gains of $27 million at December 31, 2025 and $9 million at December 31, 2024 on $5,538 million of debt at December 31, 2025 and $5,129 million of debt at December 31, 2024.
8.Estimated liability for TDCC's guarantee of Sadara's debt, of which $132 million is included in "Other noncurrent obligations" and $80 million is included in "Accrued and other current liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheets. See Note 15 for additional information.
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
The following table summarizes the changes in fair value measurements of the investment in a corporate bond using Level 3 inputs for the year ended December 31, 2025:

Fair Value Measurements Using Level 3 Inputs for Investment in Corporate Bond at Dec 31, 20252024
In millions
Balance at Jan 1$151 $111 
Gain included in AOCL 1
14 40 
Balance at Dec 31$165 $151 
1.Included in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" in the consolidated balance sheets.
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
The following table summarizes the changes in fair value measurements using Level 3 inputs for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Fair Value Measurements Using Level 3 Inputs for Accrued Liabilities of Sadara Guarantees at Dec 31, 20252024
In millions
Balance at Jan 1$(155)$(178)
Gain included in earnings 1
23 23 
Recognition of revolving credit facility liability(80)— 
Balance at Dec 31$(212)$(155)
1.Included in "Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates" in the consolidated income statements.
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Nonrecurring Basis
The following table summarizes the bases used to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in the consolidated balance sheets:

Basis of Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis at Dec 31Fair Value LevelFair ValueTotal Losses
In millions
2025
Assets at fair value:
Long-lived assets and other assetsLevel 3$115 $657 
Equity securities with no readily determinable fair value 1
Level 255 — 
GoodwillLevel 3— 690 
2024
Assets at fair value:
Long-lived assets and other assetsLevel 3$60 $53 
1.See Note 21 for additional information related to the fair value determination.
v3.25.4
VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]  
Infrastructure Entity VIE Table
The following table summarizes carrying amounts of Diamond Infrastructure Solutions' assets and liabilities included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2025. Amounts presented are adjusted for intercompany eliminations.

Assets and Liabilities of Diamond Infrastructure Solutions at Dec 31
In millions2025
Other current assets$161 
Net property2,273 
Other noncurrent assets211 
Total assets 1
$2,645 
Current liabilities$414 
Long-term debt190 
Other noncurrent obligations351 
Total liabilities 2
$955 
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary  
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]  
Schedule of Variable Interest Entities The following table summarizes the carrying amounts of other entities’ assets and liabilities included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2025 and 2024. Amounts presented are adjusted for intercompany eliminations:
Assets and Liabilities of Other Consolidated VIEs at Dec 31
In millions20252024
Cash and cash equivalents$31 $22 
Other current assets253 250 
Net property112 122 
Other noncurrent assets15 15 
Total assets 1
$411 $409 
Current liabilities$24 $24 
Other noncurrent obligations13 13 
Total liabilities 2
$37 $37 
1.Restricted assets totaled $194 million and $192 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
2.All liabilities were nonrecourse at December 31, 2025 and 2024.
v3.25.4
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Dividends Declared The following table summarizes cash dividends TDCC declared and paid to Dow Inc. for 2025, 2024 and 2023.
TDCC Dividends202520242023
In millions
Dividends declared 1
$1,491 $2,578 $2,510 
Cash dividends paid 2
$1,503 $2,485 $2,510 
1.Dividends declared for the year ended December 31, 2024 included $93 million of non-cash dividends.
2.Cash dividends paid for the year ended December 31, 2025 included $12 million related to the settlement of certain governance expenses.
v3.25.4
SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Schedule of Revenue from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets, by Geographical Areas [Table Text Block]
Sales are attributed to geographic region based on customer location; long-lived assets are attributed to geographic region based on asset location.

Geographic Region Information United 
States
EMEAIRest of 
World
Total
In millions
2025
Sales to external customers$14,729 $12,589 $12,650 $39,968 
Long-lived assets $14,804 $2,750 $4,696 $22,250 
2024
Sales to external customers$15,304 $13,958 $13,702 $42,964 
Long-lived assets $15,216 $2,726 $4,062 $22,004 
2023
Sales to external customers$15,328 $14,537 $14,757 $44,622 
Long-lived assets $15,012 $2,681 $3,373 $21,066 
Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment [Table Text Block]
Segment Operating EBIT 1
Pack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment Total
In millions
2025
Net sales$19,970 $11,163 $8,134 $39,267 
Cost of sales18,294 11,049 7,184 36,527 
SARD 2
890 483 608 1,981 
Equity in earnings (losses) of nonconsolidated affiliates35 (282)(242)
Other segment income (expense) items 3
90 (41)55 
Segment Operating EBIT 4
$827 $(561)$306 $572 
2024
Net sales$21,776 $11,869 $8,574 $42,219 
Cost of sales18,540 11,215 7,479 37,234 
SARD 2
977 518 690 2,185 
Equity in earnings (losses) of nonconsolidated affiliates81 (102)11 (10)
Other segment income (expense) items 3
33 91 (98)26 
Segment Operating EBIT 4
$2,373 $125 $318 $2,816 
2023
Net sales$23,149 $12,538 $8,497 $44,184 
Cost of sales19,563 11,654 7,548 38,765 
SARD 2
964 574 690 2,228 
Equity in earnings (losses) of nonconsolidated affiliates130 (276)20 (126)
Other segment income (expense) items 3
(52)90 (60)(22)
Segment Operating EBIT 4
$2,700 $124 $219 $3,043 
1.Significant expense categories are presented on an operating basis, net of the impact of significant items.
2.SARD includes selling, general and administrative and research and development expenses.
3.Other segment items includes amortization of intangibles and sundry income (expense) - net.
4.Segment Operating EBIT for TDCC in 2025, 2024 and 2023, is substantially the same as that of Dow Inc. and therefore is not disclosed separately in the table above. A reconciliation of "Segment Operating EBIT" to "Income (loss) before income taxes" is provided in the following table.
Reconciliation of Operating Profit (Loss) from Segments to Consolidated
Reconciliation of "Segment Operating EBIT" to "Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes"202520242023
In millions
Segment Operating EBIT$572 $2,816 $3,043 
+ Corporate Operating EBIT(150)(228)(265)
+ Interest income152 200 229 
- Interest expense and amortization of debt discount865 811 746 
+ Significant items(2,220)(377)(1,605)
Income (loss) before income taxes$(2,511)$1,600 $656 
Schedule of Other Segment Information
Other Segment InformationPack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment Total
Corp. 1
Total
In millions
2025
Net sales$19,970 $11,163 $8,134 $39,267 $701 $39,968 
Depreciation and amortization$1,439 $622 $740 $2,801 $33 $2,834 
Capital expenditures$1,911 $351 $217 $2,479 $— $2,479 
Operating EBIT$827 $(561)$306 $572 $(150)$422 
2024
Net sales$21,776 $11,869 $8,574 $42,219 $745 $42,964 
Depreciation and amortization$1,483 $599 $776 $2,858 $36 $2,894 
Capital expenditures$1,949 $675 $316 $2,940 $— $2,940 
Operating EBIT$2,373 $125 $318 $2,816 $(228)$2,588 
2023
Net sales$23,149 $12,538 $8,497 $44,184 $438 $44,622 
Depreciation and amortization$1,285 $524 $778 $2,587 $24 $2,611 
Capital expenditures$1,457 $477 $422 $2,356 $— $2,356 
Operating EBIT$2,700 $124 $219 $3,043 $(265)$2,778 
1.Corporate contains the reconciliation between the totals for the operating segments and the Company's totals. Net sales for Corporate are primarily related to insurance operations. Corporate expenses are primarily related to insurance operations, salaries and wages and non-business aligned environmental and legal costs.
Segment Asset Information
Segment Asset InformationPack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment TotalCorp.Total
In millions
2025
Total assets$30,251 $11,263 $11,407 $52,921 $5,617 $58,538 
Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates 1
$677 $413 $137 $1,227 $37 $1,264 
2024
Total assets$29,034 $11,928 $11,170 $52,132 $5,180 $57,312 
Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates 1
$711 $367 $146 $1,224 $42 $1,266 
2023
Total assets $28,692 $11,993 $12,080 $52,765 $5,202 $57,967 
Investments in nonconsolidated affiliates 1
$705 $384 $136 $1,225 $42 $1,267 
1.See Note 11 for additional information regarding the Company's investments in nonconsolidated affiliates.
Schedule of significant items [Table Text Block]
The following tables summarize the pretax impact of significant items by segment that are excluded from Operating EBIT:

Significant Items by Segment for 2025
Pack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment TotalCorp.Total
In millions
Restructuring, implementation and efficiency costs, and asset related charges - net 1
$— $(1)$— $(1)$(50)$(51)
2025 Restructuring Program severance and related benefit costs and asset related charges 2
(165)(95)(150)(410)(452)(862)
Implementation costs 3
— — — — (53)(53)
Goodwill impairment 4
— (690)— (690)— (690)
Asset related charges 5
(71)(232)— (303)— (303)
Pension settlement charges 6
— — — — (323)(323)
Net gain on divestitures and asset sale 7
— 103 — 103 110 213 
Litigation related charges, awards and adjustments 8
— — — — 42 42 
Loss on early extinguishment of debt 9
— — — — (78)(78)
Indemnification and other transaction related costs 10
— — — — (115)(115)
Total$(236)$(915)$(150)$(1,301)$(919)$(2,220)
1.Includes restructuring charges and implementation and efficiency costs associated with the Company's 2023 Restructuring Program. Also includes impairment charges related to the write-down of certain manufacturing assets, partially offset by an asset related credit adjustment. See Note 5 for additional information.
2.Severance and related benefit costs and impairment charges related to the write-down of certain manufacturing facilities, corporate assets, leased non-manufacturing facilities and other miscellaneous assets associated with the Company's 2025 Restructuring Program. See Note 5 for additional information.
3.Implementation costs associated with the Company's 2025 Restructuring Program and the sale of membership interests of Diamond Infrastructure Solutions.
4.Related to a pretax impairment charge related to goodwill associated with the Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals reporting unit. See Note 12 for additional information.
5.Related to a pretax impairment charge related to impairment charge related to assets used for chlor-alkali, propylene oxide and brine production in Latin America. See Notes 5 and 22 for additional information.
6.Non-cash settlement charges related to the termination of certain Company pension plans in the United States and the United Kingdom. See Note 19 for additional information.
7.Relates to a gain on the sale of the Company's ownership interest in a nonconsolidated affiliate, and a gain on the sale of the soil fumigation product line. See Note 4 for additional information.
8.Includes a gain associated with the reassessment of liabilities for certain accrued Groundwater Matters, partially offset by the settlement of a separate claim related to water storage district Groundwater Matters. See Note 15 for additional information.
9.The Company retired outstanding long-term debt resulting in a loss on early extinguishment. See Note 14 for additional information.
10.Primarily includes a charge related to an arbitration settlement agreement for historical product claims from a divested business. Also includes charges associated with agreements entered into with DuPont and Corteva as part of the separation and distribution which, among other matters, provides for cross-indemnities and allocations of obligations and liabilities for periods prior to, at and after the completion of the separation. See Note 15 for additional information.

Significant Items by Segment for 2024
Pack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment TotalCorp.Total
In millions
Restructuring, implementation and efficiency costs, and asset related charges - net 1
$(37)$(8)$11 $(34)$(281)$(315)
Indemnification and other transaction related costs 2
— — — — (62)(62)
Total$(37)$(8)$11 $(34)$(343)$(377)
1.Includes restructuring charges and implementation and efficiency costs associated with the Company's 2023 Restructuring Program. Also includes gains associated with a previously impaired equity investment and impairment charges related to the write-down of certain manufacturing assets. See Note 5 for additional information.
2.Includes charges associated with agreements entered into with DuPont and Corteva as part of the separation and distribution which, among other matters, provides for cross-indemnities and allocations of obligations and liabilities for periods prior to, at and after the completion of the separation. Also includes a charge related to an arbitration settlement agreement for historical product claims from a divested business. See Note 15 for additional information.
Significant Items by Segment for 2023
Pack. & Spec. PlasticsInd. Interm. & Infrast.Perf. Materials & CoatingsOperating Segment TotalCorp.Total
In millions
Restructuring, implementation costs and asset related charges - net 1
$(1)$(50)$(67)$(118)$(623)$(741)
Litigation related charges, awards and adjustments 2
106 (177)— (71)— (71)
Argentine peso devaluation 3
(52)(16)— (68)(109)(177)
Pension settlement charges 4
— — — — (642)(642)
Indemnification and other transaction related costs 5
— — — — 26 26 
Total$53 $(243)$(67)$(257)$(1,348)$(1,605)
1.Includes restructuring charges and implementation and efficiency costs associated with the Company's 2023 Restructuring Program, partially offset by a credit related to a prior restructuring program. Also includes certain gains and losses associated with previously impaired equity investments.
2.Includes a loss associated with legacy agricultural products groundwater contamination matters, partially offset by a gain associated with a legal matter with Nova Chemicals Corporation. See Note 15 for additional information.
3.Foreign currency losses and inventory valuation impacts related to the devaluation of the Argentine peso by the Argentina government in December 2023.
4.Non-cash settlement charges related to the purchase of nonparticipating group annuity contracts for certain Company pension plans in the United States and Canada. See Note 19 for additional information.
5.Primarily related to charges associated with agreements entered into with DuPont and Corteva as part of the separation and distribution which, among other matters, provides for cross-indemnities and allocations of obligations and liabilities for periods prior to, at and after the completion of the separation.
v3.25.4
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Narrative (Details)
Dec. 31, 2025
Minimum  
Statement [Line Items]  
Useful life 3 years
Maximum  
Statement [Line Items]  
Useful life 20 years
v3.25.4
REVENUE (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues $ 39,968 $ 42,964 $ 44,622
Contract with Customer, Liability, Revenue Recognized 235 190 315
Trade (net of allowance for doubtful receivables - 2025: $59; 2024: $95) 4,762 4,756  
Contract assets - noncurrent 0 2  
Contract liabilities - current 221 244  
Contract liabilities - noncurrent 1,727 1,480  
The Dow Chemical Company      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Trade (net of allowance for doubtful receivables - 2025: $59; 2024: $95) 4,762 4,756  
U.S.& Canada [Member]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 15,806 16,423 16,640
Europe, Middle East, Africa and India      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 12,589 13,958 14,537
Asia Pacific [Member]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 7,219 7,707 8,266
Latin America [Member]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 4,354 4,876 5,179
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] [Domain]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 19,970 21,776 23,149
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 11,163 11,869 12,538
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 8,134 8,574 8,497
Corporate Segment [Member]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 701 745 438
Hydrocarbons & Energy [Member] | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] [Domain]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 5,376 5,759 6,566
Packaging and Specialty Plastics [Member] | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] [Domain]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 14,594 16,017 16,583
Industrial Solutions [Member] | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 4,036 4,179 4,207
Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 7,110 7,675 8,316
Other [Member] | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 17 15 15
Coatings and Performance Monomers [Member] | Performance Materials & Coatings [Member]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues 3,215 3,492 3,337
Consumer Solutions [Member] | Performance Materials & Coatings [Member]      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenues $ 4,919 $ 5,082 $ 5,160
Maximum      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period 18 years    
Product      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenue, Percentage from Products and Service Transferred to Customers 97.00% 98.00% 98.00%
Licensing of Technology      
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]      
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Amount $ 617 $ 759  
v3.25.4
Business Combinations, Asset Acquisitions, and Joint Venture Formation (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2025
Aug. 01, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Goodwill $ 8,565 $ 7,978   $ 8,641
Circulus Holdings, PBLLC        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Acquisitions of property and businesses, net of cash acquired $ 130      
Business Combination, Recognized Asset Acquired, Property, Plant, and Equipment     $ 74  
Business Combination, Recognized Asset Acquired, Identifiable Intangible Asset, Finite-Lived     22  
Goodwill     $ 37  
v3.25.4
ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Aug. 08, 2025
May 01, 2025
Dec. 02, 2024
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]            
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Goodwill $ 10          
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member]            
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]            
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Goodwill 0 $ (16)        
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Flexible Packaging and Laminating Adhesives            
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]            
Proceeds from Divestiture of Businesses   115        
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Inventory           $ 51
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Property, Plant and Equipment           51
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Goodwill           $ 16
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal   1        
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]            
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]            
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Goodwill 10          
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Telone Soil Fumigation            
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]            
Proceeds from Divestiture of Businesses 121          
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Property, Plant and Equipment         $ 5  
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Goodwill         $ 10  
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal 103 0 $ 0      
Corporate Segment [Member] | DowAksa            
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]            
Proceeds from Divestiture of Businesses 121          
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal $ 110 $ 0 $ 0      
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Investment       $ 11    
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Sundry income (expense) - net          
v3.25.4
RESTRUCTURING, GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT AND ASSET RELATED CHARGES - NET (Goodwill Impairment and Asset Related Charges) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 36 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Goodwill, Impairment Loss       $ 690      
Goodwill Impairment Loss Statement of Income Extensible Enumeration, Not Disclosed Flag       690      
Asset Impairment Charges       303      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net       1,856 $ 103 $ 528  
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Asset Impairment Charges       0      
Manufacturing Assets              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Asset Impairment Charges       303      
2023 Restructuring Program              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Restructuring Reserve $ 122     0 60 122 $ 0
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net $ 14 $ 8 $ 541 1 66 535 $ 602
2023 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net         51 435  
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member]              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Goodwill, Impairment Loss       0      
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member]              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Goodwill, Impairment Loss       0      
Asset Impairment Charges         37    
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Manufacturing Assets              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Asset Impairment Charges       71      
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Goodwill, Impairment Loss       690      
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Manufacturing Assets              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Asset Impairment Charges       232      
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net       $ 1      
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Asset Impairment Charges           $ 7  
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member]              
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]              
Asset Impairment Charges         $ 37    
v3.25.4
RESTRUCTURING, GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT AND ASSET RELATED CHARGES - NET (2023 Restructuring Program) (Details) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 36 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net               $ 1,856,000,000 $ 103,000,000 $ 528,000,000  
2023 Restructuring Program                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net         $ 14,000,000 $ 8,000,000 $ 541,000,000 1,000,000 66,000,000 535,000,000 $ 602,000,000
Payments for Restructuring               60,000,000 103,000,000 222,000,000  
Restructuring Reserve   $ 60,000,000     122,000,000     $ 0 60,000,000 122,000,000 $ 0
Restructuring and related workforce reduction               2,000     2,000
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash               $ (1,000,000) (25,000,000) (191,000,000)  
2023 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                 51,000,000 435,000,000  
2023 Restructuring Program | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net               1,000,000      
2023 Restructuring Program | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Operating Segments                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                 8,000,000 50,000,000  
2023 Restructuring Program | Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | Operating Segments                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                 7,000,000 49,000,000  
2023 Restructuring Program | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Operating Segments                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   1,000,000  
Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net               0 41,000,000 344,000,000 $ 385,000,000
Payments for Restructuring               60,000,000 103,000,000 222,000,000  
Restructuring Reserve   60,000,000     122,000,000     0 60,000,000 122,000,000 0
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash               0 0 0  
Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net   25,000,000 $ 16,000,000           41,000,000 344,000,000  
Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net               0 0 0  
Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program | Performance Materials & Coatings [Member]                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                 0 0  
Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member]                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   0  
Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2023 Restructuring Program                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net               1,000,000 16,000,000 191,000,000 208,000,000
Payments for Restructuring               0 0 0  
Restructuring Reserve   0     0     0 0 0 0
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash               (1,000,000) (16,000,000) (191,000,000)  
Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2023 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net     1,000,000           1,000,000 91,000,000  
Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2023 Restructuring Program | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net $ 5,000,000     $ 8,000,000       1,000,000 8,000,000 50,000,000  
Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2023 Restructuring Program | Performance Materials & Coatings [Member]                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net     $ 7,000,000           7,000,000 49,000,000  
Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2023 Restructuring Program | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member]                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   1,000,000  
Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net               0 9,000,000 0 9,000,000
Payments for Restructuring               0 0 0  
Restructuring Reserve   0     $ 0     0 0 0 $ 0
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash               0 (9,000,000) 0  
Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net   $ 9,000,000             9,000,000 0  
Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net               0 0 0  
Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program | Performance Materials & Coatings [Member]                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                 0 0  
Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member]                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   $ 0  
Restructuring Implementation Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Payments for Restructuring               $ 50,000,000 $ 230,000,000    
Asset related credit adjustment | 2023 Restructuring Program | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]                      
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                      
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net $ 4,000,000                    
v3.25.4
RESTRUCTURING, GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT AND ASSET RELATED CHARGES - NET (2025 Program) (Details)
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 36 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     $ 1,856,000,000 $ 103,000,000 $ 528,000,000  
Additional accruals                     $ 146,000,000 45,000,000    
2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring and related workforce reduction 1,500                   1,500     1,500
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net $ 13,000,000 $ 23,000,000 $ 591,000,000               $ 862,000,000      
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash                     (473,000,000)      
Payments for Restructuring                     (126,000,000)      
Restructuring Reserve 263,000,000                   263,000,000     $ 263,000,000
Additional accruals                     105,000,000      
2025 Restructuring Program | Accrued and Other Current Liabilities [Member]                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring Reserve 123,000,000                   123,000,000     123,000,000
2025 Restructuring Program | Other Noncurrent Obligations                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring Reserve $ 140,000,000                   $ 140,000,000     $ 140,000,000
2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring and related workforce reduction 2,000                   2,000     2,000
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net               $ 14,000,000 $ 8,000,000 $ 541,000,000 $ 1,000,000 66,000,000 535,000,000 $ 602,000,000
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash                     (1,000,000) (25,000,000) (191,000,000)  
Payments for Restructuring                     (60,000,000) (103,000,000) (222,000,000)  
Restructuring Reserve $ 0       $ 60,000,000     122,000,000     0 60,000,000 122,000,000 0
Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net 6,000,000 15,000,000 103,000,000               124,000,000      
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash                     (124,000,000)      
Payments for Restructuring                     0      
Restructuring Reserve 0                   0     0
Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program | Additional Cash Expenditures                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring and Related Cost, Expected Cost 60,000,000                   60,000,000     60,000,000
Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     0 9,000,000 0 9,000,000
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash                     0 (9,000,000) 0  
Payments for Restructuring                     0 0 0  
Restructuring Reserve 0       0     0     0 0 0 0
Restructuring Implementation Costs | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Payments for Restructuring                     (53,000,000)      
Restructuring Implementation Costs | 2025 Restructuring Program | Additional Cash Expenditures                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring and Related Cost, Expected Cost 200,000,000                   200,000,000     200,000,000
Restructuring Implementation Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Payments for Restructuring                     (50,000,000) (230,000,000)    
Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net     154,000,000               389,000,000      
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash                     0      
Payments for Restructuring                     (126,000,000)      
Restructuring Reserve 263,000,000                   263,000,000     263,000,000
Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     0 41,000,000 344,000,000 385,000,000
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash                     0 0 0  
Payments for Restructuring                     (60,000,000) (103,000,000) (222,000,000)  
Restructuring Reserve 0       60,000,000     122,000,000     0 60,000,000 122,000,000 0
Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net 7,000,000 $ 8,000,000 $ 334,000,000               349,000,000      
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash                     (349,000,000)      
Payments for Restructuring                     0      
Restructuring Reserve 0                   0     0
Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     1,000,000 16,000,000 191,000,000 208,000,000
Restructuring Reserve, Settled without Cash                     (1,000,000) (16,000,000) (191,000,000)  
Payments for Restructuring                     0 0 0  
Restructuring Reserve 0       0     $ 0     0 0 0 $ 0
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     77,000,000      
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                         0  
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     0      
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                         0  
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     88,000,000      
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                         1,000,000  
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     1,000,000      
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     31,000,000      
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     0 0 0  
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     0      
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     0 0 0  
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     64,000,000      
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net       $ 5,000,000     $ 8,000,000       1,000,000 8,000,000 50,000,000  
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     0      
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                       0 0  
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     0      
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                       0 0  
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     150,000,000      
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net           $ 7,000,000           7,000,000 49,000,000  
Packaging & Specialty Plastics and Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure | Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     108,000,000      
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     452,000,000      
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                       51,000,000 435,000,000  
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment | Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     16,000,000      
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment | Costs Associated with Exit and Disposal Activities [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net         9,000,000             9,000,000 0  
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment | Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net $ 28,000,000     $ 207,000,000             389,000,000      
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment | Severance and Related Benefit Costs | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net         $ 25,000,000 16,000,000           41,000,000 344,000,000  
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment | Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     47,000,000      
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment | Asset Write-downs and Write-offs | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net           $ 1,000,000           1,000,000 91,000,000  
Operating Segments | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     165,000,000      
Operating Segments | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                         1,000,000  
Operating Segments | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     95,000,000      
Operating Segments | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                       8,000,000 50,000,000  
Operating Segments | Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     $ 150,000,000      
Operating Segments | Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]                            
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                       $ 7,000,000 $ 49,000,000  
v3.25.4
RESTRUCTURING, GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT AND ASSET RELATED CHARGES - NET (2026 Transform to Outperform) (Details)
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2026
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net   $ 1,856,000,000 $ 103,000,000 $ 528,000,000
2026 Transform to Outperform | Subsequent Event [Member]        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring and related workforce reduction 4,500      
2026 Transform to Outperform | Subsequent Event [Member] | Minimum        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net $ 600,000,000      
2026 Transform to Outperform | Subsequent Event [Member] | Maximum        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net 800,000,000      
Restructuring Implementation Costs | 2026 Transform to Outperform | Subsequent Event [Member] | Minimum        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net 70,000,000      
Restructuring Implementation Costs | 2026 Transform to Outperform | Subsequent Event [Member] | Maximum        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net $ 90,000,000      
v3.25.4
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (Sundry Income, Net) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Supplementary Information [Line Items]          
Non-operating pension and other postretirement benefit plan net credit $ (177) $ 264 $ (264)    
Foreign exchange gains (losses) 2 39 (45) (340)    
Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Other Assets 10 60 80    
Loss on early extinguishment of debt (78) 5 5    
Charges related to separation, distribution and tax matters agreements (115) (62) (26)    
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement 42   71    
Other - net 120 100 125    
Sundry income (expense) - net 140 415 (280)    
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment 323   642    
Foreign exchange gains (losses) 2     177    
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment          
Supplementary Information [Line Items]          
Loss on early extinguishment of debt (78)        
Charges related to separation, distribution and tax matters agreements (115) (62) (26)    
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement 42   0    
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment 323   642    
Foreign exchange gains (losses) 2     109    
DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostCreditSettlementAndCurtailmentGainLossStatementOfIncomeOrComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleListNotDisclosedFlag     (642)    
Dow V. Nova Chemicals Corporation Ethylene Asset Matter [Member] [Member]          
Supplementary Information [Line Items]          
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement     122 $ 570 $ 186
Corporate Segment [Member]          
Supplementary Information [Line Items]          
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment 323        
Corporate Segment [Member] | DowAksa          
Supplementary Information [Line Items]          
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal 110 0 0    
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Telone Soil Fumigation          
Supplementary Information [Line Items]          
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal 103 0 0    
Nonoperating Income (Expense)          
Supplementary Information [Line Items]          
Charges related to separation, distribution and tax matters agreements (20) 13 26    
Restructuring Costs 0 18 (18)    
Foreign exchange gains (losses) 2     109    
Nonoperating Income (Expense) | Breast Implant and Other Products Liability Claims          
Supplementary Information [Line Items]          
Loss Contingency Accrual, Period Increase (Decrease) 33 0 0    
Nonoperating Income (Expense) | Dow V. Nova Chemicals Corporation Ethylene Asset Matter [Member] [Member]          
Supplementary Information [Line Items]          
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement 0 $ 0      
Nonoperating Income (Expense) | Dow V. Nova Chemicals Corporation Patent Infringement Matter          
Supplementary Information [Line Items]          
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement     $ 106    
Nonoperating Income (Expense) | Warehouse          
Supplementary Information [Line Items]          
Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Other Assets $ 25        
v3.25.4
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (COLI) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Life Insurance, Corporate or Bank Owned, Amount    
Gross Life Insurance, Corporate or Bank Owned, Amount $ 543 $ 558
Life Insurance, Corporate or Bank Owned, Amount 344 558
COLI Monetization [Member]    
Life Insurance, Corporate or Bank Owned, Amount    
Other Short-term Borrowings 197 0
Interest Payable $ 2 $ 0
v3.25.4
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (Supplier Finance Program) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Supplier Finance Program, Obligation, Addition $ 1,211 $ 1,313  
Supplier Finance Program, Obligation, Settlement (1,263) (1,307)  
Accounts Payable      
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Supplier Finance Program, Obligation, Current $ 239 $ 291 $ 285
Supplier Finance Program, Obligation, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Accounts Payable, Trade, Current Accounts Payable, Trade, Current Accounts Payable, Trade, Current
Supplier Finance Program, Obligation, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Accounts Payable, Trade, Current Accounts Payable, Trade, Current Accounts Payable, Trade, Current
Minimum      
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Supplier Finance Program, Payment Timing, Period 90 days    
Maximum      
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Supplier Finance Program, Payment Timing, Period 120 days    
v3.25.4
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (Government Incentives) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Path2Zero Incentives        
Government Incentives [Line Items]        
Capital expenditures associated with Path2Zero $ 142 $ 0   $ 0
Energy cost incentives        
Government Incentives [Line Items]        
Energy cost incentives 282 272 $ 183  
US Energy aset construction        
Government Incentives [Line Items]        
U.S. energy asset construction incentive $ 0 $ 56 $ 0  
v3.25.4
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (Supplemental Cash Flow Information) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Supplementary Information [Abstract]      
Interest , net of amounts capitalized $ 948 $ 887 $ 800
Income Tax Paid, Federal, after Refund Received 13    
Income Tax Paid, State and Local, after Refund Received (11)    
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 254    
Income Taxes Paid, Net 256 $ 827 $ 735
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 254    
State Administration of Taxation, China      
Supplementary Information [Abstract]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 75    
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 75    
DENMARK      
Supplementary Information [Abstract]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received (38)    
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received (38)    
Federal Ministry of Finance, Germany      
Supplementary Information [Abstract]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 72    
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 72    
Ministry of Finance, India      
Supplementary Information [Abstract]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 36    
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 36    
National Tax Agency, Japan      
Supplementary Information [Abstract]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 47    
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 47    
Mexican Tax Authority      
Supplementary Information [Abstract]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 35    
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 35    
Tax and Customs Administration, Netherlands      
Supplementary Information [Abstract]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 52    
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 52    
Swiss Federal Tax Administration (FTA)      
Supplementary Information [Abstract]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received (135)    
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received (135)    
THAILAND      
Supplementary Information [Abstract]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 21    
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 21    
Foreign Tax Jurisdiction, Other      
Supplementary Information [Abstract]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received 89    
Supplementary Information [Line Items]      
Income Tax Paid, Foreign, after Refund Received $ 89    
v3.25.4
INCOME TAXES (Geographic Allocation of Income and Provision for Income Taxes) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Income (loss) before income taxes      
Domestic $ (1,814) $ 492 $ (602)
Foreign (697) 1,108 1,258
Income (loss) before income taxes (2,511) 1,600 656
Current tax expense (benefit)      
Federal (132) (137) 249
State and local 5 12 18
Foreign 401 389 951
Total current tax expense 274 264 1,218
Deferred tax expense (benefit)      
Federal (484) 218 (445)
State and local (7) 51 3
Foreign 150 (134) (780)
Provision (Credit) for deferred income tax (341) 135 (1,222)
Provision (credit) for income taxes (67) 399 (4)
Income from continuing operations, net of tax $ (2,444) $ 1,201 $ 660
v3.25.4
INCOME TAXES (Reconciliation to U.S. Statutory Rate) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation at Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate, Amount $ (527)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, at Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate, Percent 21.00% 21.00% 21.00%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, State and Local Income Taxes, Amount $ 9    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, State and Local Income Taxes, Percent (0.30%) 5.40% 3.00%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Amount $ (69)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent 2.80% 3.00% 1.20%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Amount $ 37    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Percent (1.50%) (4.40%) 18.80%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Foreign Income Tax Rate Differential, Percent   4.60% 8.30%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Amount $ 2    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Percent (0.10%)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Equity in Earnings (Losses) of Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Amount $ 53    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Equity in Earnings (Losses) of Unconsolidated Subsidiary, Percent (2.10%) 0.00% 4.20%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Cross-Border Tax Effect, Amount $ 60    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Cross-Border Tax Effect, Percent (2.40%) 3.90% (13.00%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Tax Credit, Amount $ (26)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Tax Credit, Percent 1.00%    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Reconciling Items, Amount $ (294)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Reconciling Items, Percent 11.70% (5.70%) (1.10%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Impairment Losses, Amount $ 81    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Impairment Losses, Percent (3.20%)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Prior Year Income Taxes, Amount $ 108    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Prior Year Income Taxes, Percent (4.30%) (1.00%) (21.20%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Tax Contingency, Percent   (10.20%) 33.10%
Provision (credit) for income taxes $ (67) $ 399 $ (4)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent, Total 2.70% 24.90% (0.60%)
Diamond Infrastructure Solutions      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Amount $ (112)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent 4.50%    
ARGENTINA      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Foreign Currency Related Items $ 47    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Foreign Currency Related Items, Percent (1.90%)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Amount $ (5)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent 0.20%    
BRAZIL      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Amount $ 25    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent (1.00%)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Amount $ 107    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Percent (4.30%)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Foreign Income Tax Rate Differential, Amount $ (47)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Foreign Income Tax Rate Differential, Percent 1.90%    
CHINA      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Amount $ 27    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent (1.10%)    
GERMANY      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Amount $ 31    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent (1.20%)    
NETHERLANDS      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Foreign Currency Related Items $ (34)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Foreign Currency Related Items, Percent 1.40%    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Amount $ 2    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent (0.10%)    
SINGAPORE      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Amount $ 8    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent (0.30%)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Amount $ 117    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Percent (4.70%)    
SWITZERLAND      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Amount $ 36    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent (1.40%)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Amount $ 95    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Percent (3.80%)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Foreign Income Tax Rate Differential, Amount $ 44    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Foreign Income Tax Rate Differential, Percent (1.80%)    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Amount $ 36    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Percent (1.40%)    
Foreign Tax Jurisdiction, Other      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Amount $ 122    
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent (4.90%) 8.30% (54.90%)
v3.25.4
INCOME TAXES (Deferred Tax Balances) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]    
Deferred Tax Assets, Property, Plant and Equipment $ 281 $ 178
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Property, Plant and Equipment 2,485 2,550
Deferred Tax Assets, Loss and Credit Carryforwards 1,653 1,732
Deferred Tax Assets, Tax Deferred Expense, Compensation and Benefits, Postretirement Benefits 880 949
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Tax Deferred Expense, Compensation and Benefits, Postretirement Benefits 215 187
Deferred Tax Assets, Tax Deferred Expense, Reserves and Accruals, Other 1,997 1,881
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Deferred Expense, Reserves and Accruals, Other 382 572
Deferred Tax Assets, Goodwill and Intangible Assets 2,207 1,972
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Goodwill and Intangible Assets 225 261
Deferred Tax Assets, Inventory 141 137
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Inventory 103 227
Deferred Tax Assets, Investments 145 102
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Investments 234 31
Deferred Tax Assets, Other 627 586
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Other 91 96
Deferred Tax Assets, Gross 7,931 7,537
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Gross 3,735 3,924
Deferred Tax Assets, Valuation Allowance (3,049) (2,748)
Deferred Tax Assets, Net of Valuation Allowance $ 4,882 $ 4,789
v3.25.4
INCOME TAXES (Operating Loss and Tax Credit Carryforwards) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]    
Operating loss carryforwards $ 1,045 $ 957
Tax credit carryforwards 480 365
Total tax loss and tax credit carryforwards 1,653 1,732
Undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries 5,319 7,125
Expiring Within Five Years [Member]    
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]    
Operating loss carryforwards 268 390
Tax credit carryforwards 118 121
Deferred Tax Assets, Capital Loss Carryforwards 128 410
Expiring After Five Years or Having Indefinite Expiration [Member]    
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]    
Operating loss carryforwards 777 567
Tax credit carryforwards $ 362 $ 244
v3.25.4
INCOME TAXES (Total Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Unrecognized Tax Benefits [Roll Forward]      
Unrecognized Tax Benefits $ 422 $ 513 $ 520
Decreases related to positions taken on items from prior years (21) (3) (58)
Increases related to positions taken on items from prior years 4 0 89
Increases related to positions taken in the current year 132 47 77
Settlement of uncertain tax positions with tax authorities (24) (118) (109)
Decreases due to expiration of statutes of limitations (7) (12) (11)
Foreign exchange loss (gain)   (5)  
Foreign exchange loss (gain) 3   5
Unrecognized Tax Benefits 509 422 513
Total unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate 509 422 513
Total amount of interest and penalties expense (benefit) recognized in "Provision (credit) for income taxes" 13 (234) 126
Total accrual for interest and penalties recognized in the consolidated balance sheets $ 334 $ 327 $ 561
v3.25.4
INCOME TAXES (Additional Information) (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
State and Local Jurisdiction  
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]  
Income Tax Examination, Year under Examination 2004
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)  
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]  
Income Tax Examination, Year under Examination 2007
Foreign Tax Authority  
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]  
Income Tax Examination, Year under Examination 2010
v3.25.4
EARNINGS PER SHARE Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax $ (2,444) $ 1,201 $ 660
Net income attributable to participating securities 1 11 12 11
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders $ (2,634) $ 1,104 $ 578
Earnings (loss) per common share - basic $ (3.70) $ 1.57 $ 0.82
Earnings (loss) per common share - diluted $ (3.70) $ 1.57 $ 0.82
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic 711.6 703.8 705.7
Incremental Common Shares Attributable to Dilutive Effect of Share-Based Payment Arrangements 0.0 1.3 3.3
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted 711.6 705.1 709.0
Stock options and restricted stock units excluded from EPS calculations 2 23.6 10.8 9.6
Noncontrolling Interests      
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests $ 179 $ 85 $ 71
v3.25.4
INVENTORIES (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]    
Finished goods $ 3,737 $ 3,773
Work in process 1,239 1,323
Raw materials 826 822
Supplies 1,181 1,039
Total 6,983 6,957
Adjustment of inventories to the LIFO basis (388) (413)
Total inventories $ 6,595 $ 6,544
Percentage of LIFO Inventory 28.00% 29.00%
Percentage of FIFO Inventory 59.00% 59.00%
Percentage of Weighted Average Cost Inventory 13.00% 12.00%
v3.25.4
PROPERTY (Schedule of Property) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total property $ 65,863 $ 62,121  
Depreciation expense 2,122 1,992 $ 1,932
Capitalized interest 145 133 $ 88
Land and land improvements      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total property $ 2,441 2,255  
Land and land improvements | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Property, Plant and Equipment, Estimated Useful Lives 0 years    
Land and land improvements | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Property, Plant and Equipment, Estimated Useful Lives 25 years    
Buildings      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total property $ 5,533 5,145  
Buildings | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Property, Plant and Equipment, Estimated Useful Lives 5 years    
Buildings | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Property, Plant and Equipment, Estimated Useful Lives 50 years    
Machinery and equipment      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total property $ 47,083 44,047  
Machinery and equipment | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Property, Plant and Equipment, Estimated Useful Lives 3 years    
Machinery and equipment | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Property, Plant and Equipment, Estimated Useful Lives 25 years    
Other property      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total property $ 7,892 7,243  
Other property | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Property, Plant and Equipment, Estimated Useful Lives 3 years    
Other property | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Property, Plant and Equipment, Estimated Useful Lives 50 years    
Construction in progress      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Total property $ 2,914 $ 3,431  
v3.25.4
NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES (Narrative) (Details)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
jointventures
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
jointventures
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates $ 1,264 $ 1,266 $ 1,267
Other noncurrent obligations (933) (568)  
Net investment in nonconsolidated affiliates 331 698  
Dividends from nonconsolidated affiliates $ 199 $ 342 $ 268
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Interest, Number of Affiliates | jointventures 36 38  
Exclusive of additional differences for EQUATE, Sadara and AFSI [Member]      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity $ 17 $ 55  
Sadara Chemical Company      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Other noncurrent obligations 901 517  
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity $ 1,120 $ 1,280  
Ownership percentage 35.00% 35.00% 35.00%
Sadara Chemical Company | Equity Method Investee | Cost of Goods and Service Benchmark | Supplier Concentration Risk      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Concentration Risk, Percentage 5.00% 6.00% 6.00%
EQUATE Petrochemical Company K.S.C.      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Other noncurrent obligations $ 24 $ 51  
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity $ 403 $ 417  
Ownership percentage 42.50% 42.50% 42.50%
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity, Portion Amortized Over Remaining Useful Life $ 82 $ 97  
v3.25.4
NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES (Impact of Sales to Nonconsolidated Affiliates) (Details) - Equity Method Investee
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
MEGlobal | Customer Concentration Risk | Revenue Benchmark      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Concentration Risk, Percentage 1.00% 1.00% 1.00%
MEGlobal | Customer Concentration Risk | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Revenue, Segment Benchmark      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Concentration Risk, Percentage 2.00% 2.00% 2.00%
MEGlobal | Customer Concentration Risk | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Revenue, Segment Benchmark      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Concentration Risk, Percentage 1.00% 1.00% 1.00%
Sadara Chemical Company | Supplier Concentration Risk | Cost of Goods and Service Benchmark      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Concentration Risk, Percentage 5.00% 6.00% 6.00%
SCG-Dow Group | Supplier Concentration Risk | Cost of Goods and Service Benchmark      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Concentration Risk, Percentage 2.00% 3.00% 3.00%
v3.25.4
NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES (Balances Due To or Due From Nonconsolidated Affiliates) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]    
Other $ 1,876 $ 2,108
Other noncurrent obligations (933) (568)
Exclusive of additional differences for EQUATE, Sadara and AFSI [Member]    
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]    
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity 17 55
Sadara Chemical Company    
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]    
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity 1,120 1,280
Other noncurrent obligations 901 517
EQUATE Petrochemical Company K.S.C.    
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]    
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity 403 417
Other noncurrent obligations 24 51
Equity Method Investee    
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]    
Other 363 300
Accounts Payable, Current $ 534 $ 748
v3.25.4
NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES (Schedule of the Company's Direct or Indirect Ownership Interest in Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates) (Details)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
jointventures
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
jointventures
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Interest, Number of Affiliates | jointventures 36 38  
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates $ 1,264 $ 1,266 $ 1,267
Other noncurrent obligations (933) (568)  
Net investment in nonconsolidated affiliates 331 698  
Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates (240) (6) $ (119)
Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates Noncurrent Obligations      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Other noncurrent obligations (933) (568)  
Net Investment of Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Net investment in nonconsolidated affiliates $ (186) $ 172  
EQUATE Petrochemical Company K.S.C.      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Ownership percentage 42.50% 42.50% 42.50%
Other noncurrent obligations $ 24 $ 51  
The Kuwait Olefins Company K.S.C.      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Ownership percentage 42.50% 42.50% 42.50%
The Kuwait Styrene Company KSC      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Ownership percentage 42.50% 42.50% 42.50%
Map Ta Phut Olefins Company      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Ownership percentage 32.77% 32.77% 32.77%
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage, Direct 20.27%    
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage, Indirect 12.50%    
Sadara Chemical Company      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Ownership percentage 35.00% 35.00% 35.00%
Other noncurrent obligations $ 901 $ 517  
Siam Polyethylene Company Limited      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Ownership percentage 50.00% 50.00% 50.00%
Siam Polystyrene Company Limited      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Ownership percentage 50.00% 50.00% 50.00%
Siam Styrene Monomer Company Limited      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Ownership percentage 50.00% 50.00% 50.00%
Siam Synthetic Latex Company Limited      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Ownership percentage 50.00% 50.00% 50.00%
Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates $ 747 $ 740  
Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates $ (292) $ (57) $ (192)
v3.25.4
NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES (Summarized Financial Information) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Percent of principal nonconsolidated entities financial information which is presented 100.00%    
Total current assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $228; 2024: $55) $ 18,062 $ 16,590  
Total Assets 58,538 57,312 $ 57,967
Total current liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $438; 2024: $24) 9,183 10,288  
Revenues 39,968 42,964 44,622
Net Income (Loss), Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest (2,444) 1,201 660
Principal Nonconsolidated Affiliates      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]      
Total current assets (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $228; 2024: $55) 5,286 5,414  
Assets, Noncurrent 19,942 20,695  
Total Assets 25,228 26,109  
Total current liabilities (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $438; 2024: $24) 7,017 3,842  
Liabilities, Noncurrent 16,889 19,158  
Liabilities 23,906 23,000  
Noncontrolling interests 113 136  
Revenues 10,993 12,094 11,102
Gross margin (244) 598 289
Net Income (Loss), Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest $ (1,539) $ (748) $ (1,053)
v3.25.4
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Schedule of Goodwill) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Aug. 01, 2024
Goodwill [Roll Forward]      
Net goodwill, beginning balance $ 8,565 $ 8,641  
Foreign currency impact 113 (97)  
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Goodwill (10)    
Net goodwill, ending balance 7,978 8,565  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss (690)    
Goodwill, Other Increase (Decrease)   (16)  
Goodwill Impairment Loss Statement of Income Extensible Enumeration, Not Disclosed Flag (690)    
Circulus Holdings, PBLLC      
Goodwill [Roll Forward]      
Business Combination, Recognized Asset Acquired to Liability Assumed, Excess (Less), and Goodwill, Less Noncontrolling Interest     $ 37
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member]      
Goodwill [Roll Forward]      
Net goodwill, beginning balance 5,118 5,103  
Foreign currency impact 13 (6)  
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Goodwill 0 16  
Net goodwill, ending balance 5,131 5,118  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss 0    
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Circulus Holdings, PBLLC      
Goodwill [Roll Forward]      
Business Combination, Recognized Asset Acquired to Liability Assumed, Excess (Less), and Goodwill, Less Noncontrolling Interest     37
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]      
Goodwill [Roll Forward]      
Net goodwill, beginning balance 1,092 1,094  
Foreign currency impact 5 (2)  
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Goodwill (10)    
Net goodwill, ending balance 397 1,092  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss (690)    
Goodwill, Other Increase (Decrease)   0  
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Circulus Holdings, PBLLC      
Goodwill [Roll Forward]      
Business Combination, Recognized Asset Acquired to Liability Assumed, Excess (Less), and Goodwill, Less Noncontrolling Interest     0
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member]      
Goodwill [Roll Forward]      
Net goodwill, beginning balance 2,355 2,444  
Foreign currency impact 95 (89)  
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Goodwill 0    
Net goodwill, ending balance 2,450 2,355  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss $ 0    
Goodwill, Other Increase (Decrease)   $ 0  
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | Circulus Holdings, PBLLC      
Goodwill [Roll Forward]      
Business Combination, Recognized Asset Acquired to Liability Assumed, Excess (Less), and Goodwill, Less Noncontrolling Interest     $ 0
v3.25.4
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Annual Goodwill Impairment Test) (Details)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
ReportingUnits
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
ReportingUnits
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
ReportingUnits
Goodwill [Line Items]      
Number of Reporting Units, Quantitative Testing | ReportingUnits 1 1 0
Goodwill, Impairment Loss $ (690)    
Goodwill 7,978 $ 8,565 $ 8,641
Goodwill Impairment Loss Statement of Income Extensible Enumeration, Not Disclosed Flag 690    
Polyurethanes & Construction Chemicals      
Goodwill [Line Items]      
Goodwill 0    
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]      
Goodwill [Line Items]      
Goodwill, Impaired, Accumulated Impairment Loss 999 309  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss (690)    
Goodwill 397 1,092 1,094
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member]      
Goodwill [Line Items]      
Goodwill, Impaired, Accumulated Impairment Loss 2,530 2,530  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss 0    
Goodwill $ 2,450 $ 2,355 $ 2,444
v3.25.4
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Other Intangible Assets) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Other Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Other Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization $ (5,727) $ (5,394)
Intangible Assets, Gross (Excluding Goodwill) 7,213 7,115
Other intangible assets 1,486 1,721
Developed technology    
Other Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross 2,508 2,541
Other Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization (2,267) (2,214)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net 241 327
Software    
Other Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross 1,395 1,354
Other Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization (1,077) (1,007)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net 318 347
Trademarks/tradenames    
Other Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross 324 324
Other Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization (319) (318)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net 5 6
Customer-related    
Other Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross 2,986 2,896
Other Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization (2,064) (1,855)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net $ 922 $ 1,041
v3.25.4
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Schedule of Amortization Expense of Intangible Assets) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]      
Amortization of intangibles $ 231 $ 310 $ 324
Other intangible assets, excluding software      
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]      
Amortization of intangibles 231 310 324
Software      
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]      
Amortization of intangibles $ 70 $ 67 $ 70
v3.25.4
(Schedule of Future Amortization Expense of Intangible Assets) (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
2026 $ 231
2027 195
2028 175
2029 164
2030 $ 153
v3.25.4
TRANSFERS OF FINANCIAL ASSETS (Details)
€ in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2025
EUR (€)
Cash Flows Between Transferor and Transferee, Proceeds from New Transfers $ 538 $ 1,533 $ 203  
Balance Outstanding Related to Transfers of Accounts Receivable 0 287    
Transfer of Financial Assets Accounted for as Sales, Amount Derecognized 0 278    
Transfers of Accounts Receivable, Amounts Recognized in the Balance Sheet Not Remitted 0 $ 9    
Accounts Receivable Facility, U.S. [Member]        
Trade Accounts Receivable Eligible for Sale $ 900      
Accounts Receivable Facility, Europe [Member]        
Trade Accounts Receivable Eligible for Sale | €       € 500
v3.25.4
NOTES PAYABLE, LONG-TERM DEBT AND AVAILABLE CREDIT FACILITIES (Schedule of Notes Payable) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Short-term Debt [Line Items]    
Year-end average interest rates 32.18% 36.03%
Notes payable to banks and other lenders    
Short-term Debt [Line Items]    
Total notes payable $ 90 $ 135
v3.25.4
NOTES PAYABLE, LONG-TERM DEBT AND AVAILABLE CREDIT FACILITIES (Schedule of Long-Term Debt) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Long-term debt $ 17,849 $ 15,711
Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs (226) (244)
Long-term debt due within one year (222) (497)
Long Term Debt, Accumulated Fair Value Adjustment 27 9
Maturities of Long-term Debt [Abstract]    
2026 222  
2027 797  
2028 763  
2029 1,070  
2030 $ 1,046  
Foreign currency notes and loans, various rates and maturities    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, gross   $ 122
Promissory notes and debentures | Final Maturity 2025    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Weighted average rate 0.00% 5.63%
Long-term debt, gross $ 0 $ 333
Promissory notes and debentures | Final maturity 2028    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Weighted average rate 4.80% 4.80%
Long-term debt, gross $ 600 $ 600
Promissory notes and debentures | Final Maturity 2029    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Weighted average rate 7.53% 7.58%
Long-term debt, gross $ 952 $ 1,368
Promissory notes and debentures | Final Maturity, 2030    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Weighted average rate 2.10% 2.10%
Long-term debt, gross $ 818 $ 818
Promissory notes and debentures | Final maturity 2031 and thereafter 1    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Weighted average rate 5.36% 5.37%
Long-term debt, gross $ 11,553 $ 9,192
Promissory notes and debentures | Foreign currency notes and loans, various rates and maturities    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Weighted average rate 1.98% 2.01%
Long-term debt, gross $ 2,237 $ 2,540
InterNotes [Member]    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Weighted average rate 4.81% 4.31%
Long-term debt, gross $ 1,011 $ 661
Medium-term notes, varying maturities through 2025    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Weighted average rate 0.00% 4.75%
Long-term debt, gross $ 0 $ 1
Finance Lease Obligations    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Long-term debt $ 1,126 $ 939
v3.25.4
NOTES PAYABLE, LONG-TERM DEBT AND AVAILABLE CREDIT FACILITIES (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Mar. 31, 2025
Jun. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Mar. 31, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Loss on early extinguishment of debt         $ (78) $ 5 $ 5  
Repayments of Long-term Debt         334 83 250  
Senior Unsecured Notes                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt Instrument, Face Amount on Issuance $ 1,400 $ 1,000           $ 1,250
InterNotes [Member]                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Notes Issued         $ 378 94 $ 80  
2.100 Percent Notes Due November 2030                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of Debt       $ 23        
Stated interest rate       2.10%     2.10%  
2.100 Percent Notes Due November 2030 | Sundry Income (Expense), Net                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Loss on early extinguishment of debt       $ 5        
4.625 Percent Notes Due October 2044                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of Debt       $ 14        
Stated interest rate       4.625%     4.625%  
4.625 Percent Notes Due October 2044 | Sundry Income (Expense), Net                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Loss on early extinguishment of debt       $ 5        
4.375 Percent Notes Due November 2042                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of Debt       $ 1        
Stated interest rate       4.375%     4.375%  
4.375 Percent Notes Due November 2042 | Sundry Income (Expense), Net                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Loss on early extinguishment of debt       $ 5        
Senior Unsecured Notes, 5.15 Percent, Due 2034                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt Instrument, Face Amount on Issuance               $ 600
Stated interest rate               5.15%
Senior Unsecured Notes, 5.60 Percent, Due 2054                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt Instrument, Face Amount on Issuance               $ 650
Stated interest rate               5.60%
2.100% Notes due November 2030                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of Debt     $ 10          
Stated interest rate     2.10%          
2.100% Notes due November 2030 | Sundry Income (Expense), Net                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Loss on early extinguishment of debt     $ 5          
4.250% Notes due October 2034                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of Debt     $ 30          
Stated interest rate     4.25%          
4.250% Notes due October 2034 | Sundry Income (Expense), Net                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Loss on early extinguishment of debt     $ 5          
5.250% Notes due November 2041                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of Debt     $ 8          
Stated interest rate     5.25%          
5.250% Notes due November 2041 | Sundry Income (Expense), Net                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Loss on early extinguishment of debt     $ 5          
4.375% Notes due November 2042                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of Debt     $ 12          
Stated interest rate     4.375%          
4.375% Notes due November 2042 | Sundry Income (Expense), Net                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Loss on early extinguishment of debt     $ 5          
Long Term Debt Repayment - Variable Interest Entity                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of Debt             $ 3  
Foreign currency notes and loans, various rates and maturities                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Long-term debt, gross           $ 122    
Senior Unsecured Notes, 5.35 Percent, Due 2035                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt Instrument, Face Amount on Issuance   $ 400            
Stated interest rate   5.35%            
Senior Unsecured Notes, 5.95 Percent, Due 2055                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt Instrument, Face Amount on Issuance   $ 600            
Stated interest rate   5.95%            
Debt Securities                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of Debt   $ 943            
Debt Securities | Sundry Income (Expense), Net                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Loss on early extinguishment of debt   $ 60            
Senior Unsecured Notes, 4.80 Percent, Due 2031                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt Instrument, Face Amount on Issuance $ 750              
Stated interest rate 4.80%              
Senior Unsecured Notes, 5.65 Percent, Due 2036                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt Instrument, Face Amount on Issuance $ 650              
Stated interest rate 5.65%              
9.40% Notes Due May 2039                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of Debt $ 55              
Stated interest rate 9.40%              
9.40% Notes Due May 2039 | Sundry Income (Expense), Net                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Loss on early extinguishment of debt $ 18              
v3.25.4
NOTES PAYABLE, LONG-TERM DEBT AND AVAILABLE CREDIT FACILITIES (Schedule of Committed and Available Credit Facilities) (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit $ 8,300
Credit Available 8,300
Letters of Credit Outstanding, Amount 600
Revolving Credit Facility | Five Year Competitive Advance and Revolving Credit Facility  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 5,000
Credit Available 5,000
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due February 2026  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 300
Credit Available 300
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due March 2026  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 100
Credit Available 100
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due October 2026  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 375
Credit Available 375
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due November 2026, Facility One  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 150
Credit Available 150
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due November 2026, Facility Two  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 200
Credit Available 200
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due March 2027  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 250
Credit Available 250
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due May 2027  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 100
Credit Available 100
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due June 2027  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 350
Credit Available 350
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due September 2027  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 200
Credit Available 200
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due October 2027  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 100
Credit Available 100
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due November 2027  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 200
Credit Available 200
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due March 2028, Facility One  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 100
Credit Available 100
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due March 2028, Facility Two  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 100
Credit Available 100
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due May 2028  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 300
Credit Available 300
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due September 2028, Facility One  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 200
Credit Available 200
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due September 2028, Facility Two  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 175
Credit Available 175
Revolving Credit Facility | Bilateral Revolving Credit Facility, Due June 2030  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]  
Committed Credit 100
Credit Available $ 100
v3.25.4
NOTES PAYABLE, LONG-TERM DEBT AND AVAILABLE CREDIT FACILITIES (Debt Covenants) (Details)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
The Dow Chemical Company  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Amount at which a failure to pay results in repayment acceleration $ 100
Amount of principal to be accelerated upon default 400
Amount of judgment which will cause a default $ 400
The Dow Chemical Company | Revolving Credit Facility | Five Year Competitive Advance and Revolving Credit Facility  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Ratio of total indebtedness to total capitalization 0.70
Aggregate amount outstanding to trigger indebtedness to total capitalization covenant $ 500
Dow Inc. [Member]  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Debt Instrument, Debt Default, Default Trigger, Amount Guaranteed for Third Party Indebtedness for Borrowed Money $ 250
v3.25.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Environmental Matters) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2020
Accrual for Environmental Loss Contingencies [Roll Forward]        
Accrual adjustment $ 80 $ 216    
Accrual for Environmental Loss Contingencies, Payments 203 259    
Foreign currency impact 21 (24)    
Environmental Remediation Expense $ 63 $ 197 $ 203  
Environmental Remediation Expense, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Cost of sales Cost of sales Cost of sales  
Capital expenditures for environmental protection $ 226 $ 208 $ 228  
Tittabawassee and Saginaw Rivers, Saginaw Bay [Member]        
Site Contingency [Line Items]        
Accrued obligations for environmental matters       $ 77
Accrual for Environmental Loss Contingencies [Roll Forward]        
Balance at Dec 31       77
Payments for Legal Settlements       15
Tittabawassee and Saginaw Rivers, Saginaw Bay - Local Projects [Member]        
Accrual for Environmental Loss Contingencies [Roll Forward]        
Payments for Legal Settlements       $ 7
Other Environmental Matters        
Site Contingency [Line Items]        
Accrued obligations for environmental matters $ 1,011 $ 1,113 $ 1,180  
Environmental Loss Contingency, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other noncurrent obligations Other noncurrent obligations Other noncurrent obligations  
Accrual for Environmental Loss Contingencies [Roll Forward]        
Balance at Jan 1 $ 1,113 $ 1,180    
Balance at Dec 31 1,011 1,113 $ 1,180  
Other Environmental Matters | Superfund Sites        
Site Contingency [Line Items]        
Accrued obligations for environmental matters 221 234    
Accrual for Environmental Loss Contingencies [Roll Forward]        
Balance at Jan 1 234      
Balance at Dec 31 221 234    
Other Environmental Matters, Off-Site Matters        
Site Contingency [Line Items]        
Accrued obligations for environmental matters 80 80    
Accrual for Environmental Loss Contingencies [Roll Forward]        
Balance at Jan 1 80      
Balance at Dec 31 $ 80 $ 80    
v3.25.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Asbestos-Related Matters of Union Carbide Corporation) (Details) - Union Carbide Corporation - Asbestos Related Matters - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]    
Liability for asbestos-related pending and future claims $ 708 $ 791
Percentage of recorded asbestos liability related to pending claims 28.00% 23.00%
Percentage of recorded asbestos liability related to future claims 72.00% 77.00%
v3.25.4
Commitment and Contingencies (Legacy Matters) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Legacy agricultural chemical prodcuts      
Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]      
Product Liability Accrual, Component Amount $ 78 $ 155  
Legacy agricultural chemical prodcuts | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]      
Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]      
Product Liability Accrual, Period Expense     $ 177
Legacy agricultural chemical prodcuts | Corporate Segment [Member]      
Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]      
Product Liability Accrual, Period Expense (106)    
Legacy historical product claims - arbitration | Corporate Segment [Member]      
Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]      
Product Liability Accrual, Period Expense 98 $ 75  
Legacy agricultural chemical products , Water Storage Districts | Corporate Segment [Member]      
Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]      
Product Liability Accrual, Period Expense $ 64    
v3.25.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Dow v Nova) (Details)
$ in Millions, $ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2025
CAD ($)
Jun. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2019
CAD ($)
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement           $ 42 $ 71      
Dow V. Nova Chemicals Corporation Ethylene Asset Matter [Member] [Member]                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Settlement amount $ 100 $ 1,620 $ 1,200 $ 1,080 $ 1,430 1,300        
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement             122 $ 570 $ 186  
Estimated liability           $ 201       $ 201
Dow V. Nova Chemicals Corporation Ethylene Asset Matter [Member] [Member] | Sundry Income (Expense), Net                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement             106      
Dow V. Nova Chemicals Corporation Ethylene Asset Matter [Member] [Member] | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement             $ 16      
v3.25.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Purchase Commitments (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Long-Term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]  
Purchase Commitment, Remaining Minimum Amount Committed $ 1,300
Fair Value Measurement [Domain]  
Long-Term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]  
Purchase Commitment, Remaining Minimum Amount Committed $ 685
v3.25.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Guarantees) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Sadara Chemical Company      
Guarantees [Abstract]      
Ownership interest 35.00% 35.00% 35.00%
Sadara Chemical Company | Total Project Financing      
Guarantees [Abstract]      
Maximum future payments   $ 158  
Guarantees      
Guarantees [Abstract]      
Maximum future payments $ 1,307 1,456  
Recorded liability 212 155  
Guarantees | Sadara Chemical Company      
Guarantees [Abstract]      
Recorded liability 80    
Guarantees | Sadara Chemical Company | Sadara Chemical Company      
Guarantees [Abstract]      
Maximum future payments 500    
Guarantees | Sadara Chemical Company | Sadara Chemical Company      
Guarantees [Abstract]      
Maximum future payments 1,300    
Accounts Receivable Facilities Performance Guarantee      
Guarantees [Abstract]      
Maximum future payments $ 0 $ 239  
v3.25.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Asset Retirement Obligations) (Details)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
wells
brinesandwells
countries
manufacturingsites
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]    
Number of Manufacturing Sites | manufacturingsites 91  
Number of Countries With Manufacturing Sites | countries 29  
Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations Carrying Value $ 19 $ 19
Asset retirement obligation discount rate 4.59% 4.93%
Number of underground storage wells without conditional asset retirement obligation | wells 30  
Number of underground brine, mining and other wells without conditional asset retirement obligation | brinesandwells 50  
Additional accruals $ 146 $ 45
Asset Retirement Obligation, Roll Forward Analysis [Roll Forward]    
Balance at Jan 1 174 140
Additional accruals 146 45
Liabilities settled (6) (13)
Accretion expense 8 4
Revisions in estimated cash flows 8 3
Asset Retirement Obligation Other Activity (26) (5)
Balance at Dec 31 304 $ 174
2025 Restructuring Program    
Other Commitments [Line Items]    
Additional accruals 105  
Asset Retirement Obligation, Roll Forward Analysis [Roll Forward]    
Additional accruals $ 105  
v3.25.4
LEASES (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Lease, Cost $ 429 $ 433 $ 426
Amortization of right-of-use assets - finance 133 117 106
Interest on lease liabilities - finance 52 45 34
Total finance lease cost 185 162 140
Short-term lease cost 308 322 255
Variable lease cost 1,093 1,074 929
Sublease income (7) (10) (9)
Total lease cost 2,008 1,981 1,741
Operating cash flows for operating leases 437 436 424
Operating cash flows for finance leases 52 45 34
Financing cash flows for finance leases 123 132 127
Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability 392 241 309
Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Finance Lease Liability 287 218 $ 234
Operating lease right-of-use assets 1,356 1,268  
Total Lease Assets 2,371 2,144  
Operating lease liabilities - current 340 318  
Operating lease liabilities - noncurrent 1,097 984  
Total Lease Liabilities $ 2,563 $ 2,241  
Weighted-average remaining lease term - Operating leases 6 years 7 months 6 days 6 years 8 months 12 days  
Weighted-average remaining lease term - Finance leases 8 years 8 months 12 days 9 years 8 months 12 days  
Weighted-average discount rate - Operating leases 5.05% 4.84%  
Weighted-average discount rate - Finance leases 5.12% 5.00%  
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year One $ 397    
Finance Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year One 186    
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year Two 337    
Finance Lease, Liability, Payments, Due Year Two 168    
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payments, Due Year Three 266    
Finance Lease, Liability, Payments, Due Year Three 181    
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payments, Due Year Four 176    
Finance Lease, Liability, Payments, Due Year Four 136    
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payments, Due Year Five 125    
Finance Lease, Liability, Payments, Due Year Five 116    
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payments, Due after Year Five 418    
Finance Lease, Liability, Payments, Due after Year Five 638    
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payments, Due 1,719    
Finance Lease, Liability, Payment, Due 1,425    
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Undiscounted Excess Amount 282    
Finance Lease, Liability, Undiscounted Excess Amount 299    
Lease liability 1,437    
Finance Lease, Liability 1,126    
Lessee, Additional Leases Not yet Commenced, Assumptions and Judgment, Amount $ 492    
Lessee, Additional Leases Not yet Commenced, Term of Contract 20 years    
Property, Plant and Equipment      
Finance Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, before Accumulated Amortization $ 1,754 $ 1,495  
Accumulated Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization, Property, Plant, and Equipment      
Finance Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Accumulated Amortization 739 619  
Long-term Debt Due Within One Year      
Finance Lease, Liability 136 106  
Long-Term Debt and Lease Obligations      
Finance Lease, Liability 990 833  
Residual Value Guarantees      
Recorded liability 0 0  
Maximum future payments $ 452 $ 313  
Maximum      
Lessee, Operating and Finance Leases, Remaining Lease Term 50 years    
v3.25.4
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Common Stock) (Details) - shares
shares in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Non-Employee Directors | Common Stock      
Class of Stock [Line Items]      
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Employee Stock Purchase Plans 5,800 5,900 6,900
v3.25.4
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Retained Earnings) (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dividends declared (in dollars per share) $ 2.10 $ 2.80 $ 2.80
Undistributed Earnings of Nonconsolidated Affiliates $ 798 $ 758  
The Dow Chemical Company | Dow Inc. [Member]      
Dividends declared and paid 1,503 2,485 $ 2,510
SEC Schedule, 12-04, Dividends Declared to Registrant, Consolidated Subsidiaries $ 1,491 $ 2,578 $ 2,510
v3.25.4
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Treasury Stock) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Apr. 13, 2022
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]        
Share buy-back program authorized amount       $ 3,000
Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Authorized Repurchase Amount $ 931      
Treasury Stock, Common        
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]        
Treasury Stock, Value, Acquired, Cost Method, Excluding Excise Tax   $ 494 $ 625  
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Treasury Stock Reissued - compensation and benefit plans 7,800,000 4,300,000 2,300,000  
Compensation Expense, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold $ 219 $ 229 $ 120  
Treasury Stock, Value, Acquired, Cost Method, Excise Tax $ 0 $ 0 $ 2  
v3.25.4
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Shares of Dow Common Stock) (Details) - shares
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule of Common Stock and Treasury Stock Outstanding Roll Forward [Line Items]        
Issued (in shares) 5,815,626 5,876,425 6,916,989  
Treasury Stock Reissued (7,793,993) (4,304,574) (2,347,747)  
Treasury Stock, Common, Shares 73,065,152 80,859,145    
Issued        
Schedule of Common Stock and Treasury Stock Outstanding Roll Forward [Line Items]        
Shares, Outstanding 790,287,565 784,471,939 778,595,514 771,678,525
Treasury Stock, Common        
Schedule of Common Stock and Treasury Stock Outstanding Roll Forward [Line Items]        
Repurchased   8,861,638 11,851,223  
Treasury Stock, Common, Shares 73,065,152 80,859,145 76,302,081 66,798,605
v3.25.4
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance $ (8,110)    
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 450 $ (429) $ (542)
Ending Balance (7,660) (8,110)  
AOCI Beginning - Investment      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (243) (253) (253)
Ending Balance   (243) (253)
AOCI Ending - Investment      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (243) (253)  
Ending Balance (173) (243) (253)
AOCI Beginning - Cumulative Translation      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (2,063) (1,891) (1,934)
Ending Balance   (2,063) (1,891)
AOCI Ending - Cumulative Translation      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (2,063) (1,891)  
Ending Balance (1,860) (2,063) (1,891)
AOCI Ending - Pension      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (5,720) (5,486)  
Ending Balance (5,529) (5,720) (5,486)
AOCI Ending - Derivative      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (84) (51)  
Ending Balance (98) (84) (51)
AOCI Beginning - Pension      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (5,720) (5,486) (4,877)
Ending Balance   (5,720) (5,486)
AOCI Beginning - Derivative      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (84) (51) (75)
Ending Balance   (84) (51)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (8,110) (7,681)  
Ending Balance (7,660) (8,110) (7,681)
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), before Reclassifications, before Tax 97 39 (6)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) before Reclassifications, Tax (21) (17) 54
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 76 22 48
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 70 10 0
Cumulative Translation Adj      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), before Reclassifications, before Tax 183 (150) 57
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) before Reclassifications, Tax 58 (2) 0
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 241 (152) 57
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 203 (172) 43
Pension and Other Postretire Benefits      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), before Reclassifications, before Tax (188) (371) (1,454)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) before Reclassifications, Tax 38 77 349
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (150) (294) (1,105)
Reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, Current Period, before Tax 444 76 648
Reclassification from AOCI, Current Period, Tax (103) (16) (152)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 341 60 496
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 191 (234) (609)
Accumulated Gain (Loss), Net, Cash Flow Hedge, Parent      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), before Reclassifications, before Tax (42) (65) (201)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) before Reclassifications, Tax 2 22 30
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (40) (43) (171)
Reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, Current Period, before Tax 34 14 250
Reclassification from AOCI, Current Period, Tax (8) (4) (55)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 26 10 195
Total other comprehensive income (loss) (14) (33) 24
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Member] | Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Reclassification from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, Current Period, before Tax (8) (15) (63)
Reclassification from AOCI, Current Period, Tax 2 3 15
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (6) (12) (48)
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Member] | Cumulative Translation Adj      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) $ (38) $ (20) $ (14)
v3.25.4
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS Noncontrolling Interests (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Jun. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]            
Percentage of Membership Interests in Dow InfraCo to be Sold 9.00% 40.00%        
Proceeds from Noncontrolling Interests     $ 2,943 $ 0 $ 0  
Total equity     17,522 17,851 19,108  
Noncontrolling Interests            
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]            
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests     179 85 71  
Distributions to noncontrolling interests     (212) (69) (81)  
Noncontrolling Interest, Increase from Sale of Parent Equity Interest     (1,028) 0 0  
Cumulative translation adjustments     23 (20) (19)  
Noncontrolling Interest, Increase (Decrease) From Other Activity     0 (1) 1  
Dividends Paid to a Joint Venture Not Included in Distributions to NCI     8 8 8  
Dividend declared but not yet paid, included as Distribution to NCI     47      
Proceeds from Noncontrolling Interests $ 540 $ 2,400        
Total equity     1,514 496 501 $ 529
Add'l Paid-in Capital            
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]            
APIC, Sale of membership interest in Diamond Solutions     1,879 0 0  
Total equity     $ 11,112 $ 9,203 $ 8,880 $ 8,540
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Defined Benefit Pension Plans) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment $ (323)   $ (642)
Corporate Segment [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment (323)    
Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment (342) $ 10 $ (642)
Employer contributions 209 $ 121  
Expected pension contributions $ 180    
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used in Calculations [Abstract]      
Discount rate - benefit obligations 5.05% 5.13% 4.73%
Discount rate - net periodic costs 5.13% 4.73% 5.26%
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Weighted-Average Interest Crediting Rate 3.87% 3.81%  
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Weighted-Average Interest Crediting Rate 3.81% 3.99% 4.19%
Rate of compensation increase - benefit obligations 3.41% 3.40%  
Rate of compensation increase - net periodic costs 3.40% 3.80% 4.05%
Expected return on plan assets - net periodic costs 6.24% 6.42% 6.62%
UNITED STATES      
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used in Calculations [Abstract]      
Discount rate - benefit obligations 5.48% 5.74%  
Discount rate - net periodic costs 5.74% 5.30% 5.76%
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Weighted-Average Interest Crediting Rate 4.50% 3.54%  
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Weighted-Average Interest Crediting Rate 3.54% 4.50% 4.50%
Rate of compensation increase - net periodic costs   4.25% 4.25%
Expected return on plan assets - net periodic costs 7.04% 7.07% 7.46%
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Other Postretirement Benefits) (Details) - Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Discount rate - benefit obligations 5.32% 5.66%  
Discount rate - net periodic costs 5.66% 5.23% 5.57%
Health Care Cost Trend Rate Assumed for Next Year - benefit obligations 7.50% 7.00%  
Health Care Cost Trend Rate Assumed for Next Year - net periodic costs 7.00% 6.61% 6.79%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate health care cost trend rate) - benefit obligations 5.00% 5.00%  
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate health care cost trend rate) - net periodic costs 5.00% 5.00% 5.00%
Defined Benefit Plan, Ultimate Health Care Cost Trend Rate to Calculate PBO, End of Year 2036 2033  
Year that the Rate Reaches the Ultimate Health Care Cost Trend Rate 2033 2033 2033
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Change in Projected Benefit Obligations, Plan Assets and Funded Status of All Significant Plans) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets [Roll Forward]      
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year $ 18,200    
Fair value of plan assets at end of year 18,000 $ 18,200  
Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Benefit Obligations [Roll Forward]      
Benefit obligations at beginning of year 21,010 22,467  
Service cost 45 57 $ 272
Interest cost 989 1,005 1,110
Plan participants' contributions 11 16  
Actuarial changes in assumptions and experience 192 (877)  
Benefits paid (1,301) (1,237)  
Defined Benefit Plan Business Combinations And Acquisitions Divestiture Other Benefit Obligation (2) 8  
Effect of foreign exchange rates 666 (360)  
Termination Benefits/curtailment cost/settlements (895) (69)  
Benefit obligations at end of year 20,719 21,010 22,467
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets [Roll Forward]      
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 18,169 19,634  
Actual return on plan assets 1,262 9  
Employer contributions 209 121  
Plan participants' contributions 11 16  
Benefits paid (1,301) (1,237)  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Payment for Settlement (895) (34)  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Increase (Decrease) for Assets Transferred to (from) Plan 0 (56)  
Effect of foreign exchange rates 544 (284)  
Fair value of plan assets at end of year 17,999 18,169 19,634
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded Status [Abstract]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan (2,720) (2,841)  
Defined Benefit Plan, Amounts for Asset (Liability) Recognized in Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]      
Assets for Plan Benefits, Defined Benefit Plan 860 757  
Accrued and other current liabilities (86) (73)  
Pension and other postretirement benefits - noncurrent (3,494) (3,525)  
Defined Benefit Plan, Amounts for Asset (Liability) Recognized in Statement of Financial Position (2,720) (2,841)  
Defined Benefit Plan, Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax [Abstract]      
Net loss (gain) 7,709 7,996  
Prior service credit (39) (44)  
Pretax balance in AOCL at end of year 7,670 7,952  
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans      
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Benefit Obligations [Roll Forward]      
Benefit obligations at beginning of year 812 914  
Service cost 3 3 4
Interest cost 40 44 45
Plan participants' contributions 0 0  
Actuarial changes in assumptions and experience (8) (56)  
Benefits paid (90) (88)  
Defined Benefit Plan Business Combinations And Acquisitions Divestiture Other Benefit Obligation 0 0  
Effect of foreign exchange rates 6 (5)  
Termination Benefits/curtailment cost/settlements 0 0  
Benefit obligations at end of year 763 812 914
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets [Roll Forward]      
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 0 0  
Actual return on plan assets 0 0  
Employer contributions 0 0  
Plan participants' contributions 0 0  
Benefits paid 0 0  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Payment for Settlement 0 0  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Increase (Decrease) for Assets Transferred to (from) Plan 0 0  
Effect of foreign exchange rates 0 0  
Fair value of plan assets at end of year 0 0 $ 0
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded Status [Abstract]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan (763) (812)  
Defined Benefit Plan, Amounts for Asset (Liability) Recognized in Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]      
Assets for Plan Benefits, Defined Benefit Plan 0 0  
Accrued and other current liabilities (73) (77)  
Pension and other postretirement benefits - noncurrent (690) (735)  
Defined Benefit Plan, Amounts for Asset (Liability) Recognized in Statement of Financial Position (763) (812)  
Defined Benefit Plan, Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax [Abstract]      
Net loss (gain) (379) (417)  
Prior service credit 0 0  
Pretax balance in AOCL at end of year (379) (417)  
UNITED STATES      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded Status [Abstract]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan (1,301) (1,360)  
UNITED STATES | Other Postretirement Benefit Plans      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded Status [Abstract]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan 0 0  
Non-US [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded Status [Abstract]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan (809) (888)  
Non-US [Member] | Other Postretirement Benefit Plans      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded Status [Abstract]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan 0 0  
Pension Plan, Excluding Plans with Plan Assets      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded Status [Abstract]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan (610) (593)  
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans, Excluding Plans with Plan Assets      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded Status [Abstract]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan $ (763) $ (812)  
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Accum Benefit Obligations in Excess) (Details) - Pension Plan [Member] - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]    
Defined Benefit Plan, Accumulated Benefit Obligation $ 20,600 $ 20,900
Accumulated benefit obligations 17,840 17,455
Fair value of plan assets $ 14,302 $ 13,905
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Projected Benefit Obligations in Excess) (Details) - Pension Plan [Member] - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]    
Projected benefit obligations $ 17,882 $ 17,502
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets $ 14,302 $ 13,905
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Net Periodic Benefit Cost and Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income for All Significant Plans) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment $ (323)   $ (642)
Net periodic benefit cost 177 $ (264) 264
Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Service cost 45 57 272
Interest cost 989 1,005 1,110
Expected return on plan assets (1,282) (1,380) (1,539)
Amortization of prior service credit (14) (14) (26)
Amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss 164 141 89
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment (342) 10 (642)
Net periodic benefit cost 244 (201) 548
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Defined Benefit Plan, (Gain) Loss Arising During Period, before Tax (208) (444) (1,395)
Prior service cost (credit) 0 0 6
Amortization of prior service credit 14 14 26
Amortization of unrecognized gain (loss) (164) (141) (89)
Curtailment/Settlement gain (loss) (340) 10 (642)
Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss (282) 327 696
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive (income) loss (38) 126 1,244
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Service cost 3 3 4
Interest cost 40 44 45
Expected return on plan assets 0 0 0
Amortization of prior service credit 0 0 0
Amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss (46) (41) (57)
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment 0 0 0
Net periodic benefit cost (3) 6 (8)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Defined Benefit Plan, (Gain) Loss Arising During Period, before Tax 8 56 (64)
Prior service cost (credit) 0 0 0
Amortization of prior service credit 0 0 0
Amortization of unrecognized gain (loss) 46 41 57
Curtailment/Settlement gain (loss) 0 0 0
Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss 38 (15) 121
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive (income) loss $ 35 $ (9) $ 113
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Estimated Future Benefit Payments) (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Pension Plan [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment [Abstract]  
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year One $ 1,528
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Two 1,396
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Three 1,417
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Four 1,421
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Five 1,432
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, after Year Five for Next Five Years 7,086
Total 14,280
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans  
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment [Abstract]  
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year One 75
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Two 72
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Three 70
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Four 67
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Five 64
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, after Year Five for Next Five Years 275
Total $ 623
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Target Allocation for Plan Investment Strategy and Risk Management for Plan Assets) (Details) - Pension Plan [Member]
Dec. 31, 2025
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage 100.00%
Equity securities  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage 21.00%
Fixed Income securities  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage 49.00%
Alternative Investments  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage 26.00%
Other Investments  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage 4.00%
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Basis of Fair Value Measurements of Pension Plan Assets) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets $ 18,000 $ 18,200  
Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 17,999 18,169 $ 19,634
Subtotal 11,746 12,468  
Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Subtotal 4,510 4,368  
Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Subtotal 7,228 8,093  
Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 8 7 7
Subtotal 8 7  
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 2,114 1,319  
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 1,765 1,087  
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 349 232  
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 0 0  
U.S. Equity [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 1,448 1,474  
U.S. Equity [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 1,438 1,466  
U.S. Equity [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 8 7  
U.S. Equity [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 2 1  
Non-U.S. Equity [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 929 1,620  
Non-U.S. Equity [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 906 1,488  
Non-U.S. Equity [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 17 127  
Non-U.S. Equity [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 6 5  
Equity securities | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 2,377 3,094  
Equity securities | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 2,344 2,954  
Equity securities | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 25 134  
Equity securities | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 8 6 5
Government debt | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 3,722 3,805  
Government debt | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 1 0  
Government debt | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 3,721 3,805  
Government debt | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 0  
Corporate bonds | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 2,839 3,189  
Corporate bonds | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 374 308  
Corporate bonds | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 2,465 2,881  
Corporate bonds | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 0  
Debt - asset-backed | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 35 42  
Debt - asset-backed | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 0  
Debt - asset-backed | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 35 42  
Debt - asset-backed | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 0  
Fixed Income Securities [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 6,596 7,036  
Fixed Income Securities [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 375 308  
Fixed Income Securities [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 6,221 6,728  
Fixed Income Securities [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 0 0 1
Private Equity Funds | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 1  
Defined Benefit Plan, Alternative Investments, Fair Value Of Plan Assets 4,109 3,556  
Private Equity Funds | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 0  
Private Equity Funds | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 0  
Private Equity Funds | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 1  
Real Estate | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 26 19  
Defined Benefit Plan, Alternative Investments, Fair Value Of Plan Assets 1,317 1,423  
Real Estate | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 26 19  
Real Estate | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 0  
Real Estate | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 0  
Derivatives - asset position | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 214 242  
Derivatives - asset position | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 2 5  
Derivatives - asset position | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 212 237  
Derivatives - asset position | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 0  
Derivatives - liability position | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 409 423  
Derivatives - liability position | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 2 5  
Derivatives - liability position | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 407 418  
Derivatives - liability position | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Amount 0 0  
Alternative Investments | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets (169) (161)  
Alternative Investments | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 26 19  
Alternative Investments | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets (195) (181)  
Alternative Investments | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 0 1 $ 1
Other Investments | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 828 1,180  
Other Investments | Pension Plan [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 0 0  
Other Investments | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 828 1,180  
Other Investments | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 0 0  
Hedge Funds | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Benefit Plan, Alternative Investments, Fair Value Of Plan Assets 946 839  
Plan Assets, Retirement Plan, Total investments measured at NAV [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 6,372 5,818  
Pension Trust Receivables [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 49 81  
Pension Trust Payables [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets $ (168) $ (198)  
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Fair Value Measurement of Level 3 Pension Plan Assets) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets $ 18,000 $ 18,200  
Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 17,999 18,169 $ 19,634
Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 8 7 7
Plan Assets Still Held 1 (1)  
Purchases, sales and settlements, net   (1)  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets Level 3 Reconciliation, Increase (Decrease) for Assets Transferred into (out of) Level 3   2  
Equity securities | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 2,377 3,094  
Equity securities | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 8 6 5
Plan Assets Still Held 2 (1)  
Purchases, sales and settlements, net   (1)  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets Level 3 Reconciliation, Increase (Decrease) for Assets Transferred into (out of) Level 3   3  
Fixed Income Securities | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 6,596 7,036  
Fixed Income Securities | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 0 0 1
Plan Assets Still Held 0 0  
Purchases, sales and settlements, net   0  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets Level 3 Reconciliation, Increase (Decrease) for Assets Transferred into (out of) Level 3   (1)  
Alternative Investments | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets (169) (161)  
Alternative Investments | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 0 1 $ 1
Plan Assets Still Held (1) 0  
Purchases, sales and settlements, net   0  
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets Level 3 Reconciliation, Increase (Decrease) for Assets Transferred into (out of) Level 3   0  
Other Investments | Pension Plan [Member]      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets 828 1,180  
Other Investments | Pension Plan [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets $ 0 $ 0  
v3.25.4
PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (Defined Contribution Plans) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]      
Defined Contribution Plan, Cost $ 312 $ 312 $ 214
Automatic Non-Elective Contribution      
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined Contribution Plan, Employer Matching Contribution, Percent of Employees' Gross Pay 4.00%    
v3.25.4
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation) (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Dividend yield 1 5.20% 5.08% 4.74%
Expected volatility 29.77% 29.70% 30.30%
Risk-free interest rate 4.44% 4.24% 3.83%
Common Stock, Dividends, Per Share, Cash Paid $ 0.70 $ 0.70 $ 0.70
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense, Tax Benefit $ 34 $ 35 $ 47
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense $ 154 $ 159 $ 212
Employee Stock Option      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Term 6 years 6 months 6 years 6 years
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense, Tax Benefit $ 3 $ 3 $ 3
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense $ 14 $ 13 $ 13
Employee Stock Option | 2019 Stock Incentive Plan [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant 26    
v3.25.4
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (Stock Options) (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense $ 154 $ 159 $ 212
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense, Tax Benefit $ 34 $ 35 $ 47
Employee Stock Option      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Maximum term by share based compensation after vesting 10 years    
Weighted-average fair value per share of options granted $ 8.26 $ 10.94 $ 12.13
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense $ 14 $ 13 $ 13
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense, Tax Benefit 3 3 3
Total amount of cash received from the exercise of options 0 53 77
Total intrinsic value of options exercised 0 9 40
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Exercise of Option, Tax Benefit 0 $ 2 $ 9
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount $ 5    
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested, Total Compensation Cost not yet recognized and period for recognition in years 1 year 9 months 21 days    
Employee Stock Option | Minimum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period 1 year    
Employee Stock Option | Maximum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period 3 years    
2019 Stock Incentive Plan [Member] | Employee Stock Option      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Number 14,111 13,370  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted-Average Exercise Price $ 55.50 $ 57.35  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Net of Forfeitures 1,779    
Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted-Average Exercise Price $ 38.27    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures and Expirations in Period (1,038)    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures and Expirations in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price $ 49.81    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term 4 years 6 months 10 days    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Intrinsic Value $ 0    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Vested and Expected to Vest, Exercisable, Number 11,191    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price $ 58.07    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term 3 years 5 months 19 days    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Intrinsic Value $ 0    
v3.25.4
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (Restricted Stock Units) (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense $ 154 $ 159 $ 212
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense, Tax Benefit $ 34 $ 35 $ 47
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number 4,738 4,125  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 48.15 $ 57.09  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period 3,109    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 37.90 $ 55.14 $ 58.39
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period (2,250)    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 50.55    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeited in Period (246)    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeitures, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 46.60    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value $ 65 $ 86 $ 117
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Tax Benefit Realized from Vesting of Deferred Stock Awards 14 19 26
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense 112 110 103
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense, Tax Benefit 25 $ 24 $ 23
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount $ 87    
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested, Total Compensation Cost not yet recognized and period for recognition in years 1 year 8 months 12 days    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested But Not Issued 2,300    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested But Not Issued, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 49.61    
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Minimum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period (for non-employee directors) 2 years    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period 1 year    
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Maximum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period 3 years    
v3.25.4
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (Performance Stock Units) (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense $ 154 $ 159 $ 212
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense, Tax Benefit $ 34 $ 35 $ 47
Performance Stock Units (PSUs) [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period 2,068,000    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 38.38    
Actual number of shares granted above target minimum range 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Granted Shares issued at 200 percent of Target Shares Granted 655,910    
Actual number of shares granted above target maximum range 200.00% 200.00% 200.00%
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number 4,465,000 3,619,000  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 50.93 $ 62.44  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period (1,095,000)    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 65.82    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeited in Period (127,000)    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeitures, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 46.90    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value $ 17 $ 127 $ 77
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Tax Benefit Realized from Vesting of Performance Deferred Stock Awards 4 28 17
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense 4 9 67
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense, Tax Benefit $ 1 $ 2 $ 15
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period 112,000 398,000 369,000
Total cash paid to settle PSUs $ 4 $ 44 $ 21
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount $ 24    
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested, Total Compensation Cost not yet recognized and period for recognition in years 1 year 9 months 21 days    
Performance Stock Units (PSUs) [Member] | Minimum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period 1 year    
Performance Stock Units (PSUs) [Member] | Maximum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period 3 years    
Various Performance Periods, 2025 | Performance Stock Units (PSUs) [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period 24,000    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 31.27    
January 1, 2025 - December 31, 2027 | Performance Stock Units (PSUs) [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period 2,044,000    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 38.46    
Various Performance Periods, 2024 | Performance Stock Units (PSUs) [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period 11,000    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 51.93    
January 1, 2024 - December 31, 2026 | Performance Stock Units (PSUs) [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period 1,366,000    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 58.43    
December 18, 2023 - December 18, 2026 | Performance Stock Units (PSUs) [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period 13,000    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 54.25    
Actual number of shares granted above target minimum range 0.00%    
Actual number of shares granted above target maximum range 100.00%    
January 1, 2023 - December 31, 2023 | Performance Stock Units (PSUs) [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period 1,233,000    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value   $ 64.04  
v3.25.4
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (ESPP) (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense $ 154 $ 159 $ 212
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense, Tax Benefit $ 34 $ 35 $ 47
Employee Stock Purchase Plan      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Maximum Employee Subscription Rate 10.00%    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Purchase Price of Common Stock, Percent 85.00%    
Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted-Average Exercise Price $ 20,250,000 $ 47,040,000.00 $ 42,270,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ 7.44 $ 11.71 $ 11.75
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense $ 24 $ 27 $ 29
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense, after Tax 5 6 6
Total amount of cash received from the exercise of purchase rights 85 113 111
Share based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Intrinsic Value Monetary 15 20 20
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Tax Benefit Realized from Exercise of Employee Stock Puchase Plan Purchase Rights Exercised $ 3 $ 4 $ 4
Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Employee      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Right to Purchase Shares Subscribed by Employee 4,200 2,400 2,600
v3.25.4
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Investments) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]      
Gross realized gains $ 19 $ 36 $ 89
Gross realized losses (11) (21) (26)
Within one year, Amortized Cost 120    
One to five years, Amortized Cost 1,058    
Six to ten years, Amortized Cost 507    
After ten years, Amortized Cost 660    
Total, Amortized Cost 2,345    
Within one year, Fair Value 115    
One to five years, Fair Value 996    
Six to ten years, Fair Value 510    
After ten years, Fair Value 582    
Total, Fair Value 2,203    
Equity securities 9 14  
Proceeds from Sale of Debt Securities, Available-for-sale 606 $ 1,821 $ 985
Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Upward Price Adjustment, Annual Amount $ 33    
v3.25.4
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Temporarily Impaired Securities) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Temporarily Impaired Securities, Less than 12 Months, Fair Value $ 653 $ 722
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (51) (73)
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Fair Value 856 968
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (125) (188)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value 1,509 1,690
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Position (176) (261)
Cost method investments, aggregate cost 225 153
Net unrealized gain recognized in equity securities 5 1
Government debt    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Temporarily Impaired Securities, Less than 12 Months, Fair Value 283 388
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (9) (18)
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Fair Value 522 482
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (74) (105)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value 805 870
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Position (83) (123)
Corporate bonds    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Temporarily Impaired Securities, Less than 12 Months, Fair Value 370 334
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (42) (55)
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Fair Value 334 486
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (51) (83)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value 704 820
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Position $ (93) $ (138)
v3.25.4
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Notional Amounts) (Details)
bbl in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
bbl
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
bbl
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Interest Rate Swap [Member]    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative, Notional Amount $ 600 $ 1,870
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative, Notional Amount $ 5,114 $ 3,144
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Hydrocarbon derivatives    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative, Nonmonetary Notional Amount, Volume | bbl 9.5 3.2
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Interest Rate Swap [Member]    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative, Notional Amount $ 97 $ 14
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative, Notional Amount $ 10,560 $ 9,244
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Hydrocarbon derivatives    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative, Nonmonetary Notional Amount, Volume | bbl 1.4 1.1
v3.25.4
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Foreign Currency Denominated Debt [Member]    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Nonderivative Instruments Notional $ 2,121 $ 2,466
v3.25.4
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Schedule of Fair Values of Derivative Instruments) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset $ 364 $ 218
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (297) (105)
Derivative Asset Statement Of Financial Position Extensible Enumeration, Not Disclosed Flag 67 113
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 434 254
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (312) (105)
Derivative Liability Statement Of Financial Position Extensible Enumeration, Not Disclosed Flag 122 149
Derivative Liability, Collateral, Right to Reclaim Cash, Offset 20 16
Derivative Asset, Collateral, Obligation to Return Cash, Offset 0 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 297 124
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (244) (85)
Derivative Asset (53) (39)
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 327 214
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (259) (85)
Derivative Liability (68) (129)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Interest Rate Contract [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Current 0 0
Derivative Asset, Noncurrent 1 0
Derivative Liability, Current 3 26
Derivative Liability, Noncurrent 0 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Interest Rate Contract [Member] | Other current assets    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 9 20
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (9) (20)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Interest Rate Contract [Member] | Accrued and Other Current Liabilities [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 12 46
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (9) (20)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Interest Rate Contract [Member] | Deferred charges and other assets [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 9 0
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (8) 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Interest Rate Contract [Member] | Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 8 0
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (8) 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Current 22 18
Derivative Liability, Current 39 60
Derivative Liability, Noncurrent 0 40
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency | Other current assets    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 54 33
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (32) (15)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency | Accrued and Other Current Liabilities [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 71 75
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (32) (15)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency | Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 0 40
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting 0 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Commodities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Current 24 11
Derivative Asset, Noncurrent 6 10
Derivative Liability, Current 20 2
Derivative Liability, Noncurrent 6 1
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Commodities | Other current assets    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 171 25
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (147) (14)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Commodities | Accrued and Other Current Liabilities [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 182 16
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (162) (14)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Commodities | Deferred charges and other assets [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 54 46
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (48) (36)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Commodities | Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 54 37
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (48) (36)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 67 94
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (53) (20)
Derivative Asset 14 74
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 107 40
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (53) (20)
Derivative Liability 54 20
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Interest Rate Contract [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Current 1 1
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Interest Rate Contract [Member] | Accrued and Other Current Liabilities [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 1 1
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting 0 0
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Current 8 58
Derivative Liability, Current 48 11
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency | Other current assets    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 44 74
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (36) (16)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency | Accrued and Other Current Liabilities [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 84 27
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (36) (16)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Commodities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Current 4 15
Derivative Asset, Noncurrent 2 1
Derivative Liability, Current 4 7
Derivative Liability, Noncurrent 1 1
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Commodities | Other current assets    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 21 16
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (17) (1)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Commodities | Accrued and Other Current Liabilities [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 21 8
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting (17) (1)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Commodities | Deferred charges and other assets [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 2 4
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting 0 (3)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Commodities | Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 1 4
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting $ 0 $ (3)
v3.25.4
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Effect of Derivative Instruments) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax $ (14) $ (33) $ 24
Derivative      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax (52) 8 (53)
Total derivatives (125) 203 (362)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income 22 (36) (221)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax (52) 8 (53)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Fair value hedges: | Interest Rate Swap [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax 0 0 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Fair value hedges: | Interest Expense and Amortization of Debt Discount [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income 17 (40) 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Fair value hedges: | Interest Expense and Amortization of Debt Discount [Member] | Excluded Components [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Gain (Loss) from Components Excluded from Assessment of Fair Value Hedge Effectiveness, Net 0 0 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Cash flow hedges: | Interest Rate Swap [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax 0 8 5
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Cash flow hedges: | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax 21 (72) 20
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Cash flow hedges: | Commodities      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax (42) 28 (152)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Cash flow hedges: | Interest Expense and Amortization of Debt Discount [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income (5) (13) (10)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Cash flow hedges: | Cost of Sales [Member] | Excluded Components [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Gain (Loss) from Components Excluded from Assessment of Cash Flow Hedge Effectiveness, Net (7) (7) 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Cash flow hedges: | Cost of Sales [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income (13) 6 2
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Cash flow hedges: | Cost of Sales [Member] | Commodities      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income (18) 0 (242)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Cash flow hedges: | Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Member] | Excluded Components [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Gain (Loss) from Components Excluded from Assessment of Cash Flow Hedge Effectiveness, Net 9 0 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Cash flow hedges: | Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income 0 0 0
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax (5) 0 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Net foreign investment hedges: | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income 0 0 0
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax (82) 20 60
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Net foreign investment hedges: | Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Member] | Excluded Components [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Derivatives used in Net Investment Hedge, Gain (Loss), Reclassified to Earnings, Net of Tax 39 18 29
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax 0 0 0
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income (147) 239 (141)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Interest Rate Contract [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax 0 0 0
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax 0 0 0
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Commodities      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax 0 0 0
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Total Return Swap      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax 0 0 0
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Interest Expense and Amortization of Debt Discount [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income 3 0 0
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Cost of Sales [Member] | Commodities      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income (18) 12 1
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Cost of Sales [Member] | Total Return Swap      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income 54 44 14
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income (189) 183 (156)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Member] | Commodities      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income 3 0 0
Cumulative Translation Adjustments [Member] | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Fair value hedges: | Excluded Components [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax 6 6 (18)
Cumulative Translation Adjustments [Member] | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Cash flow hedges: | Cost of Sales [Member] | Excluded Components [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax (1) (8) (4)
Cumulative Translation Adjustments [Member] | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Cash flow hedges: | Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Member] | Excluded Components [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax 9 0 0
Cumulative Translation Adjustments [Member] | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Net foreign investment hedges: | Excluded Components [Member]      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax $ 42 $ 26 $ 36
v3.25.4
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Expected Reclassification) (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Interest Rate Contract [Member]  
Interest Rate Cash Flow Hedge Gain (Loss) to be Reclassified During Next 12 Months, Net $ (3)
Commodities  
Price Risk Cash Flow Hedge Unrealized Gain (Loss) to be Reclassified During Next 12 Months (14)
Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]  
Foreign Currency Cash Flow Hedge Gain (Loss) to be Reclassified During Next 12 Months (2)
Excluded Components [Member]  
Hedge Gain (Loss) to be Reclassified During Next 12 Months, Excluded Components, Net (1)
Excluded Components [Member] | Net foreign investment hedges:  
Hedge Gain (Loss) to be Reclassified During Next 12 Months, Excluded Components, Net $ 5
v3.25.4
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Basis of Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost $ 2,345  
Debt securities 2,203  
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 364 $ 218
Long Term Debt, Accumulated Fair Value Adjustment 27 9
Derivative, Amount of Hedged Item 5,538 5,129
Gain included in earnings 23 23
Guarantees    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Maximum future payments 1,307 1,456
Recorded liability 212 155
Sadara Chemical Company | Guarantees    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Recorded liability 80  
Sadara Chemical Company | Sadara Chemical Company | Guarantees    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Maximum future payments 500  
Sadara Chemical Company | Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Member] | Sadara Chemical Company | Guarantees    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Recorded liability 132  
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Equity Securities, Amortized Cost Basis 4 4
Equity Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, Before Tax 5 10
Equity Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax 0 0
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1) | Commodities    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Derivative Assets, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, Before Tax 2 4
Derivative Assets, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax 0 0
Derivative Liabilities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, Before Tax 0 0
Derivative Liabilities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax (15) (1)
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1) | Corporate bonds    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost 14 18
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax 0 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax (1) (1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Amortized Cost Basis, Current 446 453
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, Current, before Tax 0 0
Available-for-sale Debt Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Current, before Tax (61) (70)
Long-Term Debt (18,071) (16,208)
Long Term Debt, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, Before Tax 1,746 1,487
Long Term Debt, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax (342) (484)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Interest Rate Contract [Member]    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Derivative Assets, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, Before Tax 18 20
Derivative Assets, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax 0 0
Derivative Liabilities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, Before Tax 0 0
Derivative Liabilities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax (21) (47)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Foreign currency    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Derivative Assets, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, Before Tax 98 107
Derivative Assets, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax 0 0
Derivative Liabilities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, Before Tax 0 0
Derivative Liabilities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax (155) (142)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Commodities    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Derivative Assets, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, Before Tax 246 87
Derivative Assets, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax 0 0
Derivative Liabilities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, Before Tax 0 0
Derivative Liabilities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax (243) (64)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Government debt    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost 1,221 1,103
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax 24 13
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax (83) (123)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Corporate bonds    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost 910 954
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax 10 6
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax (57) (88)
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | Corporate bonds    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost 200 200
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax 0 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax (35) (49)
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Total assets at fair value 4,508 3,908
Total liabilities at fair value (17,313) (15,614)
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1)    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Equity Securities, FV-NI, Current 9 14
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1) | Commodities    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 2 4
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 15 1
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items (Level 1) | Corporate bonds    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Debt securities 13 17
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Current 385 383
Long-term debt including debt due within one year (16,667) (15,205)
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Interest Rate Contract [Member]    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 18 20
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 21 47
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Foreign currency    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 98 107
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 155 142
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Commodities    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 246 87
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 243 64
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Government debt    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Debt securities 1,162 993
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Corporate bonds    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Debt securities 863 872
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | Sadara Chemical Company    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Guarantees, Fair Value Disclosure (212) (155)
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | Corporate bonds    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Debt securities 165 151
Held-to-maturity Securities [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value 624 96
Cash Equivalents, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax 0 0
Cash Equivalents, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax 0 0
Held-to-maturity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Cash Equivalents, Fair Value 624 96
Held-to-maturity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Cash and Cash Equivalents    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Cash Equivalents, Fair Value 555 96
Held-to-maturity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Other Current Assets [Member]    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Cash Equivalents, Fair Value 69 0
Money Market Funds [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value 923 1,164
Cash Equivalents, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax 0 0
Cash Equivalents, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, Before Tax 0 0
Money Market Funds [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Cash Equivalents, Fair Value $ 923 $ 1,164
v3.25.4
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Additional Information) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Fair Value, Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation Asset Gain Loss, Statement of Financial Position, Extensible List Not Disclosed $ 14 $ 40  
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value 165 151 $ 111
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Fair Value, Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation Liability Gain Loss Statement Of Income Extensible List Not Disclosed 23 23  
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability, Issuances (80) 0  
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share | Private Market Securities and Real Estate      
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Unfunded commitments on investments 65 81  
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share | Private Market Securities      
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Total assets at fair value 109 90  
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share | Real Estate      
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Total assets at fair value 13 15  
Sadara Chemical Company      
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]      
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value 155 178  
Balance at Dec 31 $ 212 $ 155  
Ownership percentage 35.00% 35.00% 35.00%
v3.25.4
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Basis of Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 36 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Sep. 30, 2025
Jun. 30, 2025
Mar. 31, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   $ 1,856 $ 103 $ 528  
Asset Impairment Charges                   303      
Goodwill Impairment Loss Statement of Income Extensible Enumeration, Not Disclosed Flag                   690      
Goodwill, Impairment Loss, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]                   690      
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Asset Impairment Charges                   0      
Goodwill, Impairment Loss, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]                   0      
2023 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             $ 14 $ 8 $ 541 1 66 535 $ 602
2023 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     51 435  
2025 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net $ 13 $ 23 $ 591             862      
2025 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   452      
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member]                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Asset Impairment Charges                     37    
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   1      
Manufacturing Assets                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Asset Impairment Charges                   303      
Manufacturing Assets | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member]                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Asset Impairment Charges                   71      
Manufacturing Assets | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member]                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Asset Impairment Charges                   232      
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Changes Measurement [Member] | Leased Assets and Non-Manufacturing Facilities                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Total assets at fair value                     53    
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Changes Measurement [Member] | Manufacturing Assets                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Total assets at fair value 657                 657     657
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Changes Measurement [Member] | Preferred Stock                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Total assets at fair value 0                 0     0
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Changes Measurement [Member] | Goodwill [Member]                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Total assets at fair value 690                 690     690
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Asset Impairment Charges                       7  
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member]                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Asset Impairment Charges                     37    
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Leased, Non-manufacturing Facilities                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Total assets at fair value 110                 110 60   110
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Manufacturing Assets                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Total assets at fair value 115                 115     115
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Goodwill [Member]                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Total assets at fair value 0                 0     0
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Preferred Stock                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Total assets at fair value 55                 55     55
Asset write-downs and write-offs [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   1 16 191 $ 208
Asset write-downs and write-offs [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net         $ 1           1 91  
Asset write-downs and write-offs [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net $ 7 $ 8 $ 334             349      
Asset write-downs and write-offs [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   47      
Asset write-downs and write-offs [Member] | Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net         $ 7           7 49  
Asset write-downs and write-offs [Member] | Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   150      
Asset write-downs and write-offs [Member] | Corporate Segment [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                     1    
Asset write-downs and write-offs [Member] | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                       1  
Asset write-downs and write-offs [Member] | Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   88      
Asset write-downs and write-offs [Member] | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net       $ 5   $ 8       1 $ 8 $ 50  
Asset write-downs and write-offs [Member] | Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                          
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                   $ 64      
v3.25.4
VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES (Schedule of Consolidated Variable Interest Entities, Carrying Amounts of Assets and Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]      
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 3,816 $ 2,189 $ 2,987
Net property 22,250 22,004 21,066
Other noncurrent assets 1,305 1,228  
Total Assets 58,538 57,312 $ 57,967
Current liabilities 9,183 10,288  
Other noncurrent obligations 7,201 6,637  
Other current assets 1,013 993  
Accrued and other current liabilities 2,649 2,521  
Long-Term Debt (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $190; 2024: $—) 17,849 15,711  
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary      
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]      
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 31 22  
Net property 112 122  
Other noncurrent assets 15 15  
Total Assets 411 409  
Current liabilities 24 24  
Other noncurrent obligations 13 13  
Liabilities 37 37  
Total Restricted Assets 194 192  
Other current assets 253 $ 250  
Variable Interest Entity, Diamond Solutions      
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]      
Net property 2,273    
Other noncurrent assets 211    
Total Assets 2,645    
Other noncurrent obligations 351    
Liabilities 955    
Other current assets 161    
Accrued and other current liabilities 414    
Long-Term Debt (variable interest entities restricted - 2025: $190; 2024: $—) $ 190    
v3.25.4
VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES (Nonconsolidated Variable Interest Entity) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]      
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates $ 1,264 $ 1,266 $ 1,267
Silicon Inputs Joint Ventures [Member]      
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]      
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates $ 136 $ 143  
v3.25.4
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
The Dow Chemical Company | Dow Inc. [Member]      
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]      
Dividends declared and paid $ 1,503 $ 2,485 $ 2,510
v3.25.4
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS - Schedules of Related Party Transactions (Details) - The Dow Chemical Company - Dow Inc. [Member] - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]      
SEC Schedule, 12-04, Dividends Declared to Registrant, Consolidated Subsidiaries $ 1,491 $ 2,578 $ 2,510
Dividends declared and paid 1,503 $ 2,485 $ 2,510
Non-Cash Dividends Declared 93    
Cash dividends paid to settle government expenses $ 12    
v3.25.4
SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS Geographic Region Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Net sales $ 39,968 $ 42,964 $ 44,622
Net property 22,250 22,004 21,066
UNITED STATES      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Net sales 14,729 15,304 15,328
Net property 14,804 15,216 15,012
Europe, Middle East, Africa and India [Domain]      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Net sales 12,589 13,958 14,537
Net property 2,750 2,726 2,681
Rest of World [Domain]      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Net sales 12,650 13,702 14,757
Net property $ 4,696 $ 4,062 $ 3,373
v3.25.4
SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS Segment Reporting Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Net sales $ 39,968 $ 42,964 $ 44,622
Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates (240) (6) (119)
Operating EBIT 422 2,588 2,778
Depreciation and amortization 2,834 2,894 2,611
Total Assets 58,538 57,312 57,967
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates 1,264 1,266 1,267
Capital expenditures 2,479 2,940 2,356
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Net sales 701 745 438
Operating EBIT (150) (228) (265)
Depreciation and amortization 33 36 24
Total Assets 5,617 5,180 5,202
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates 37 42 42
Capital expenditures 0 0 0
Operating Segments      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Net sales 39,267 42,219 44,184
Operating Cost of Goods and Services Sold 36,527 37,234 38,765
SARD 1,981 2,185 2,228
Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates (242) (10) (126)
Segment Reporting, Other Segment Item, Amount 55 26 (22)
Operating EBIT 572 2,816 3,043
Depreciation and amortization 2,801 2,858 2,587
Total Assets 52,921 52,132 52,765
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates 1,227 1,224 1,225
Capital expenditures 2,479 2,940 2,356
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Operating Segments      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Net sales 19,970 21,776 23,149
Operating Cost of Goods and Services Sold 18,294 18,540 19,563
SARD 890 977 964
Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates 35 81 130
Segment Reporting, Other Segment Item, Amount 6 33 (52)
Operating EBIT 827 2,373 2,700
Depreciation and amortization 1,439 1,483 1,285
Total Assets 30,251 29,034 28,692
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates 677 711 705
Capital expenditures 1,911 1,949 1,457
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Operating Segments      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Net sales 11,163 11,869 12,538
Operating Cost of Goods and Services Sold 11,049 11,215 11,654
SARD 483 518 574
Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates (282) (102) (276)
Segment Reporting, Other Segment Item, Amount 90 91 90
Operating EBIT (561) 125 124
Depreciation and amortization 622 599 524
Total Assets 11,263 11,928 11,993
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates 413 367 384
Capital expenditures 351 675 477
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | Operating Segments      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Net sales 8,134 8,574 8,497
Operating Cost of Goods and Services Sold 7,184 7,479 7,548
SARD 608 690 690
Equity in losses of nonconsolidated affiliates 5 11 20
Segment Reporting, Other Segment Item, Amount (41) (98) (60)
Operating EBIT 306 318 219
Depreciation and amortization 740 776 778
Total Assets 11,407 11,170 12,080
Investment in nonconsolidated affiliates 137 146 136
Capital expenditures $ 217 $ 316 $ 422
v3.25.4
SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS EBIT Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]      
Operating EBIT $ 422 $ 2,588 $ 2,778
Interest income 152 200 229
Interest expense and amortization of debt discount 865 811 746
Other Nonrecurring (Income) Expense (2,220) (377) (1,605)
Income (loss) before income taxes (2,511) 1,600 656
Operating EBIT $ 422 $ 2,588 $ 2,778
v3.25.4
SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS Significant Items (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 36 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Sep. 30, 2025
Jun. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2025
Asset Impairment Charges             $ (303)      
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment             (323)   $ (642)  
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             213      
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement             42   71  
Loss on early extinguishment of debt             78 $ (5) (5)  
Charges related to separation, distribution and tax matters agreements             (115) (62) (26)  
Other Nonrecurring (Income) Expense             (2,220) (377) (1,605)  
Gain (Loss), Argentine Peso Devaluation, before Tax                 (177)  
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (1,856) (103) (528)  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             (690)      
Operating Segments                    
Asset Impairment Charges             (303)      
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment             0   0  
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             103      
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement             0   71  
Loss on early extinguishment of debt             0      
Charges related to separation, distribution and tax matters agreements             0 0 0  
Other Nonrecurring (Income) Expense             (1,301) (34) (257)  
Gain (Loss), Argentine Peso Devaluation, before Tax                 (68)  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             690      
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                    
Asset Impairment Charges             0      
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment             (323)   (642)  
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             110      
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement             42   0  
Loss on early extinguishment of debt             78      
Charges related to separation, distribution and tax matters agreements             (115) (62) (26)  
Other Nonrecurring (Income) Expense             (919) (343) (1,348)  
Gain (Loss), Argentine Peso Devaluation, before Tax                 (109)  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             0      
2025 Restructuring Program                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net $ (13) $ (23) $ (591)       (862)      
Restructuring charges - significant item             53      
2025 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring charges - significant item             0      
2025 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (452)      
2023 Restructuring Program                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net       $ (14) $ (8) $ (541) (1) (66) (535) $ (602)
Restructuring charges - significant item             51 (315) (741)  
2023 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring charges - significant item             1 (34) (118)  
2023 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net               (51) (435)  
Restructuring charges - significant item             50 (281) (623)  
Severance and related benefit costs and asset write-downs and write-offs | 2025 Restructuring Program                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (862)      
Severance and related benefit costs and asset write-downs and write-offs | 2025 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (410)      
Severance and related benefit costs and asset write-downs and write-offs | 2025 Restructuring Program | Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item, Corporate Nonsegment                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (452)      
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member]                    
Asset Impairment Charges               (37)    
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Operating Segments                    
Asset Impairment Charges             (71)      
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment             0   0  
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             0      
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement             0   (106)  
Loss on early extinguishment of debt             0      
Charges related to separation, distribution and tax matters agreements             0 0 0  
Other Nonrecurring (Income) Expense             (236) (37) 53  
Gain (Loss), Argentine Peso Devaluation, before Tax                 (52)  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             0      
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (165)      
Restructuring charges - significant item             0      
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net                 (1)  
Restructuring charges - significant item             0 (37) (1)  
Packaging & Specialty Plastics [Member] | Severance and related benefit costs and asset write-downs and write-offs | 2025 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (165)      
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Operating Segments                    
Asset Impairment Charges             (232)      
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment             0   0  
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             103      
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement             0   177  
Loss on early extinguishment of debt             0      
Charges related to separation, distribution and tax matters agreements             0 0 0  
Other Nonrecurring (Income) Expense             (915) (8) (243)  
Gain (Loss), Argentine Peso Devaluation, before Tax                 (16)  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             690      
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (95)      
Restructuring charges - significant item             0      
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (1)      
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net               (8) (50)  
Restructuring charges - significant item             1 (8) (50)  
Industrial Intermediates & Infrastructure [Member] | Severance and related benefit costs and asset write-downs and write-offs | 2025 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (95)      
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | Operating Segments                    
Asset Impairment Charges             0      
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment             0   0  
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operation, Gain (Loss) on Disposal, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             0      
Gain (loss) related to litigation settlement             0   0  
Loss on early extinguishment of debt             0      
Charges related to separation, distribution and tax matters agreements             0 0 0  
Other Nonrecurring (Income) Expense             (150) 11 (67)  
Gain (Loss), Argentine Peso Devaluation, before Tax                 0  
Goodwill, Impairment Loss, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]             0      
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (150)      
Restructuring charges - significant item             0      
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | 2023 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net               (7) (49)  
Restructuring charges - significant item             0 $ 11 $ (67)  
Performance Materials & Coatings [Member] | Severance and related benefit costs and asset write-downs and write-offs | 2025 Restructuring Program | Operating Segments                    
Restructuring, goodwill impairment and asset related charges - net             (150)      
Corporate Segment [Member]                    
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment             (323)      
Corporate Segment [Member] | 2025 Restructuring Program                    
Restructuring charges - significant item             $ 53      
v3.25.4
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (Schedule of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts Receivable - Allowance for Doubtful Receivables      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of year $ 95 $ 81 $ 110
Additions charged to expenses 23 28 21
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction (59) (14) (50)
Balance at end of year 59 95 81
Inventory - Obsolescence Reserve      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of year 88 70 57
Additions charged to expenses 14 27 20
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction (2) (9) (7)
Balance at end of year 100 88 70
Reserves for Other Investments and Noncurrent Receivables      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of year 1,650 1,751 1,950
Additions charged to expenses 5 14 31
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction (214) (115) (230)
Balance at end of year 1,441 1,650 1,751
Reserves for Other Investments and Noncurrent Receivables | Sadara Chemical Company      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction (77) (77) (77)
Reserves for Other Investments and Noncurrent Receivables | AgroFresh      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction     (143)
Reserves for Other Investments and Noncurrent Receivables | DowAksa      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction (81)    
Deferred Tax Assets - Valuation Allowance      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of year 2,748 2,948 1,269
Additions charged to expenses 633 55 1,864
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction (331) (255) (185)
Balance at end of year $ 3,050 2,748 2,948
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Allowance, Reclass from Noncurrent to Current      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
Additions charged to expenses   23  
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Deduction   $ (23)  
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Allowance, Reclass from Current to Noncurrent      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
Additions charged to expenses     $ 23