Audit Information |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2025 | |
| Auditor Information [Abstract] | |
| Auditor Name | BDO USA, P.C. |
| Auditor Location | San Diego, California |
| Auditor Firm ID | 243 |
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
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| Statement of Financial Position [Abstract] | ||
| Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 0.001 | $ 0.001 |
| Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) | 50,000,000 | 50,000,000 |
| Preferred stock, dividend rate | 9.00% | 9.00% |
| Preferred stock, liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ 25.00 | $ 25.00 |
| Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) | 2,019,525 | 1,002,673 |
| Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | 2,019,525 | 1,002,673 |
| Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 0.001 | $ 0.001 |
| Common stock shares authorized (in shares) | 50,000,000 | 50,000,000 |
| Common stock, shares issued (in shares) | 28,022,975 | 28,331,833 |
| Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) | 28,022,975 | 28,331,833 |
Organization |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2025 | |
| Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | |
| Organization | Organization As used herein, the terms “we”, “us”, “our”, or the “Company” refer to Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and any of our subsidiaries, including IIP Operating Partnership, LP, a Delaware limited partnership (our “Operating Partnership”). We are an internally-managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”) focused on the acquisition, ownership and management of specialized industrial properties and financial investments in the life science industry. Our properties are primarily leased to experienced, state-licensed operators for their regulated cannabis facilities. We have acquired and intend to continue to acquire our properties through sale-leaseback transactions and third-party purchases. We have leased and expect to continue to primarily lease our properties on a triple-net lease basis, where the tenant is responsible for all aspects of and costs related to the property and its operation during the lease term, including structural repairs, maintenance, real estate taxes and insurance. We were incorporated in Maryland on June 15, 2016. We conduct our business through a traditional umbrella partnership real estate investment trust, or UPREIT structure, in which our properties are owned by our Operating Partnership, directly or through subsidiaries. We are the sole general partner of our Operating Partnership and own, directly or through subsidiaries, 100% of the limited partnership interests in our Operating Partnership. Information with respect to rentable square footage is unaudited.
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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Procedures and Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
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| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Procedures and Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Procedures and Recent Accounting Pronouncements Basis of Presentation. The consolidated financial statements, which include all of the accounts of the Company, are presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Going Concern. Management is required under Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 205-40, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern ("ASC 205-40") to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the consolidated financial statements are issued. This evaluation includes an assessment of the Company's liquidity needs to satisfy upcoming debt obligations. As of December 31, 2025, the outstanding principal balance on the Notes due 2026 (as defined in Note 8), which matures in May 2026, was $291.2 million. The Company currently does not have sufficient liquidity to satisfy this obligation at maturity. Management is actively evaluating alternatives to address the maturity of the Notes due 2026, which may include refinancing the existing indebtedness or raising additional capital combined with existing cash resources to retire the obligation. Although management believes that it is more likely than not that the Company will be able to address the maturity of the Notes due 2026, guidance issued under ASC 205-40 requires that management not conclude that such an outcome is "probable" if, among other factors, the outcome is not within control of the Company. Because no such refinancing or capital transactions have closed, such outcomes are not solely within the control of the Company and therefore, management is unable to conclude that such an outcome is probable. Accordingly, management has concluded that there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year following the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements. The failure to retire or refinance the Notes due 2026 could lead to an event of default, which would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. Federal Income Taxes. We believe that we have operated our business so as to qualify to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Under the REIT operating structure, we are permitted to deduct dividends paid to our stockholders in determining our taxable income. Assuming our dividends equal or exceed our taxable net income, we generally will not be required to pay federal corporate income taxes on such income. The income taxes recorded on our consolidated statements of income represent amounts paid for city and state income and franchise taxes and are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Use of Estimates. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make a number of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates and assumptions. The most significant estimates and assumptions made include determination of lease accounting and fair value of acquisition of real estate properties. Reportable Segments. We define our reportable segments based on the manner in which our chief operating decision maker ("CODM") makes key operating decisions, evaluates financial performance, allocates resources and manages our business. This approach aligns with our internal reporting structure and reflects the economic characteristics and nature of our operations. During the year ended December 31, 2025, based on changes in the manner in which the Company's CODM evaluates operating performance and allocates resources, the Company determined that it has two reportable segments: Cannabis Portfolio and Life Science Portfolio. Certain costs that are not associated with the ongoing operations, including general corporate expense, are not allocated to the reportable segments. See Note 13 “Segment Information” for additional information. Acquisition of Real Estate Properties. Our investment in real estate is recorded at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation. Upon acquisition of a property, the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are initially measured based upon their relative fair values. We estimate the fair value of land by reviewing comparable sales within the same submarket and/or region. We estimate the fair value of buildings and improvements as if the property was vacant utilizing a direct capitalization approach and take into consideration current replacement costs and other relevant market rate information and may engage third-party valuation specialists. Acquisition costs are capitalized as incurred. All of our acquisitions to date were recorded as asset acquisitions. The fair value of acquired in-place leases is derived based on our assessment of estimated lost revenue and costs incurred for the period required to lease the “assumed vacant” property to the occupancy level when purchased. The amounts recorded for acquired in-place leases are reflected as in-place lease intangible assets, net on the consolidated balance sheets and are amortized on a straight-line basis as a component of depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining term of the applicable leases. The fair value of the above-market component of an acquired in-place operating lease is based upon the present value (calculated using a market discount rate) of the difference between (i) the contractual rents to be paid pursuant to the lease over its remaining non-cancellable lease term and (ii) our estimate of the rents that would be paid using fair market rental rates and rent escalations at the date of acquisition measured over the remaining non-cancellable term of the lease. The amount recorded for one above-market operating lease is included in other assets, net on the consolidated balance sheets and is amortized on a straight-line basis as a reduction of rental income over the remaining term of the applicable lease. Certain acquisitions of real estate did not satisfy the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting and therefore as of both December 31, 2025 and 2024, acquisitions of $16.8 million, respectively, have been recognized as notes receivable and are included in other assets, net on our consolidated balance sheets. During the year ended December 31, 2024, a $3.2 million acquisition of real estate which previously did not satisfy the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting was reclassified to real estate held for investment as the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting were satisfied. Sale of Real Estate. When a real estate asset is sold, we evaluate the provisions of ASC 610-20, Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (“ASC 610-20”) to determine whether the asset is within the scope of ASC 610-20, including an evaluation of whether the asset being sold is a nonfinancial asset and whether the buyer has gained control of an asset within the scope of ASC 610-20. In assessing whether the buyer has gained control of the asset, we must determine whether the contract criteria in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) have been met, including 1) the parties to the contract have approved the contract and the contract has commercial substance, 2) we can identify each party’s rights regarding the asset to be transferred, 3) we can identify the payment terms for the asset to be transferred, and 4) it is probable that we will collect substantially all of the consideration to which we will be entitled in exchange for the asset to be transferred. If all of the contract criteria have been met, the carrying amount of the applicable asset is derecognized with a corresponding gain or loss from the sale recognized in our consolidated statements of income. If the contract criteria are not all met, the asset transferred is not derecognized and we continue to report the asset in our consolidated balance sheet. See Note 6 “Investments in Real Estate - Property Dispositions” for further information. Cost Capitalization and Depreciation. We capitalize costs (including interest) associated with development and redevelopment activities and improvements when we are considered to be the accounting owner of the resulting assets. The development and redevelopment activities may be funded by us pursuant to the lease. We are generally considered the accounting owner for such improvements that are attached to or built into the premises, which are required under the lease to be surrendered to us upon the expiration or earlier termination of the lease. Typically, such improvements include, but are not limited to, ground up development, and enhanced HVAC, plumbing, electrical and other building systems. Amounts capitalized are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives determined by management. We depreciate buildings and improvements based on our evaluation of the estimated useful life of each specific asset, not to exceed 40 years. For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, we recognized depreciation expense of $73.0 million, $69.9 million and $66.3 million, respectively, which are included in depreciation and amortization expense in our consolidated statements of income. We depreciate office equipment and furniture and fixtures on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives ranging from to seven years. We depreciate the leasehold improvements at our corporate office on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful lives or the remaining lease term. Depreciation expense relating to our corporate assets is included in general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of income. Determining whether expenditures meet the criteria for capitalization and the assignment of depreciable lives requires management to exercise judgment. Project costs that are clearly associated with the acquisition and development or redevelopment of a real estate project, for which we are the accounting owner, are capitalized as a cost of that project. Expenditures that meet one or more of the following criteria generally qualify for capitalization: •the expenditure provides benefit in future periods; and •the expenditure extends the useful life of the asset beyond our original estimates. We define redevelopment properties as existing properties for which we expect to spend significant development and construction costs that are not reimbursements to tenants for improvements at the properties. When existing properties are determined to be redevelopment properties, the net carrying value of the buildings and improvements are transferred to construction in progress while the redevelopment activities are in process. Costs capitalized to construction in progress related to redevelopment properties are transferred to buildings and improvements at historical cost of the properties as the redevelopment project or phases of projects are placed in service. Provision for Impairment. On a quarterly basis, we review current activities and changes in the business conditions of all of our properties prior to and subsequent to the end of each quarter to determine the existence of any triggering events or impairment indicators requiring an impairment analysis. If triggering events or impairment indicators are identified, we review an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows for the properties. Long-lived assets are individually evaluated for impairment when conditions exist that may indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset to be held and used is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Impairment indicators or triggering events for long-lived assets to be held and used are assessed by project and include significant fluctuations in estimated net operating income, occupancy changes, significant near-term lease expirations, current and historical operating and/or cash flow losses, construction costs, estimated completion dates, rental rates, and other market factors. We assess the expected undiscounted cash flows based upon numerous factors, including, but not limited to, construction costs, available market information, current and historical operating results, known trends, current market/economic conditions that may affect the property, and our assumptions about the use of the asset, including, if necessary, a probability-weighted approach if multiple outcomes are under consideration. Upon determination that an impairment has occurred, a write-down is recognized to reduce the carrying amount to its estimated fair value. We may adjust depreciation of properties that are expected to be disposed of or redeveloped prior to the end of their useful lives. During the year ended December 31, 2025, we recognized an impairment loss on real estate of $3.5 million related to one of our properties in Palm Springs, California, which was under contract for sale and sold in June 2025. No impairment losses were recognized during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Revenue Recognition. Our leases are triple-net leases, an arrangement under which the tenant maintains the property while paying us rent. We recognize revenue for each of the leases at our properties that are classified as operating leases on a cash basis due to the uncertain regulatory environment in the United States pertaining to the regulated cannabis industry, the limited operating history of certain tenants and the resulting uncertainty of collectability of lease payments from each tenant over the duration of the lease term. We evaluate a number of factors in our initial and ongoing assessments of collectability of lease payments for each tenant on a lease-by-lease basis, including evaluations of each tenant’s financial performance, liquidity and overall credit profile, availability and terms of capital for each tenant needed to conduct operations or refinance existing obligations, utilization rates by property and lease duration. We also consider current market conditions, impact of federal, state and local taxation and regulatory burdens and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions. Additionally, for operating leases, contractually obligated reimbursements from tenants for recoverable real estate taxes, insurance and operating expenses are included in rental revenues in the period when such costs are reimbursed by the tenants. Contractually obligated real estate taxes that are paid directly by the tenant to the tax authorities are not reflected in our consolidated financial statements. For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, rental revenue included the application of $6.6 million, $7.7 million and $8.7 million of security deposits for contractual rent with certain tenants. Life Science Investments. Life science investments consist of an investment in the IQHQ Preferred Stock (as defined in Note 7 "Life Science Investments"), which also includes the IQHQ Warrant (as defined in Note 7) and related financial instruments. Life science investments also consist of an investment in the IQHQ Credit Facility (as defined in Note 7), which was funded in connection with the investments in the IQHQ Preferred Stock and IQHQ Warrant and were, therefore, evaluated together and initially measured based on relative fair value (see Note 10 "Fair Value of Financial Instruments"). The Company does not have significant influence over IQHQ (as defined in Note 7), and the investments in the equity securities of IQHQ do not have a readily determinable fair value. As such, the investments in the equity securities of IQHQ are carried under the measurement alternative of ASC 321, Investments - Equity Securities, which is cost (as initially measured based on relative fair value), less impairment and adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investment of the same issuer. As of December 31, 2025, there were no impairments or adjustments to the carrying value of the investments in the equity securities of IQHQ as a result of observable price changes. Dividend income on the investment in the IQHQ Preferred Stock is recognized on an accrual basis and is included in interest and other income in our consolidated statements of income. The investment in the IQHQ Credit Facility is recorded at amortized cost (as initially measured based on relative fair value) and is evaluated for current expected credit loss using relevant information from internal and external sources, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts in accordance with ASC 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses ("CECL Standard"). No allowance for credit losses has been recorded as of December 31, 2025. Interest income on the investment in the IQHQ Credit Facility is recognized using the effective interest method over the estimated life of the note and is included in interest and other income in our consolidated statements of income. Construction Loan. In June 2021, we executed a construction loan agreement with a developer, pursuant to which we agreed to lend up to $23.0 million for the development of a regulated cannabis cultivation and processing facility in California (the "Construction Loan"). We have an option to purchase the property, and may execute a negotiated lease with an affiliate of the developer or with another third party, if we determine to exercise our purchase option. As of both December 31, 2025 and 2024, we had funded $22.8 million, respectively, of the Construction Loan. The Construction Loan is recorded at the amount funded and is evaluated for current expected credit loss in accordance with CECL Standard. No allowance for credit losses has been recorded as of December 31, 2025. Interest income on the Construction Loan is recognized on a cash basis and is included in interest and other income in our consolidated statements of income. The borrower exercised the option to extend the maturity date to December 31, 2026 with the satisfaction of certain conditions. Cash and Cash Equivalents. We consider all highly-liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents, which is comprised of short-term money market funds, obligations of the U.S. government and certificates of deposit with an original maturity at the time of purchase of less than or equal to 90 days. Restricted Cash. Restricted cash related to cash held in escrow accounts for future draws for improvements for tenants in accordance with certain lease agreements. The Company had no restricted cash balance as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. Investments. Investments consist of short-term obligations of the U.S. government and certificates of deposit with an original maturity at the time of purchase of greater than 90 days. Investments in obligations of the U.S. government are classified as held-to-maturity and stated at amortized cost. Investments in certificates of deposit are classified as held-to-maturity and stated at cost. Investment income is included in interest and other income in our consolidated statements of income. Deferred Financing Costs. The deferred financing costs relating to our Notes due 2026 are included as a reduction in the net book value of the related liability on our consolidated balance sheets. These costs are amortized as non-cash interest expense using the effective interest method over the life of the related obligations. Deferred financing costs relating to our Revolving Credit Facility and Life Science Credit Facility (as defined in Note 8 "Debt") are included in other assets, net in our consolidated balance sheets. These costs are being amortized on a straight-line basis and recognized as non-cash interest expense over the remaining term of the Revolving Credit Facility and Life Science Credit Facility. Stock-Based Compensation. Stock-based compensation for equity awards is based on the grant date fair value of the equity awards and is recognized over the requisite service or performance period. If awards are forfeited prior to vesting, we reverse any previously recognized expense related to such awards in the period during which the forfeiture occurs and reclassify any non-forfeitable dividends and dividend equivalents previously paid on these awards from retained earnings to compensation expense. Forfeitures are recognized as incurred. Certain equity awards are subject to vesting based upon the satisfaction of various market conditions. Forfeiture of share awards with market-based restrictions does not result in a reversal of previously recognized share-based compensation expense. Lease Accounting. We account for our leases under ASC 842, Leases, and have elected the practical expedient not to separate certain non-lease components from the lease component if the timing and pattern of transfer are the same for the non-lease component and associated lease component, and the lease component would be classified as an operating lease if accounted for separately. We also elected the short-term lease exception for lessees for leases that are less than 12 months. As lessee, we recognized a liability to account for our future obligations and a corresponding right-of-use asset related to our corporate office lease, which ends in January 2027 and contains annual escalations. We measured the lease liability based on the present value of the future lease payments (excluding the extension option that we are not reasonably certain to exercise), discounted using the estimated incremental borrowing rates of 7.25% and 5.5%, which were the interest rates that we estimated we would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term for an amount equal to the lease payments at initial commencement in December 2019 and upon an amendment in November 2021, respectively. Subsequently, the lease liability is accreted by applying a discount rate established at the lease commencement date to the lease liability balance as of the beginning of the period and is reduced by the payments made during the period. The right-of-use asset is measured based on the corresponding lease liability. We did not incur any initial direct leasing costs and any other consideration exchanged with the landlord prior to the commencement of the lease. Subsequently, the right-of-use asset is amortized on a straight-line basis during the lease term. For each of the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, we recognized office lease expense of $0.5 million, which are included in general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of income. For each of the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, amounts paid and classified as operating activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows for the office lease were $0.5 million. As lessor, for each of our real estate transactions involving the leaseback of the related property to the seller or affiliates of the seller, we determine whether these transactions qualify as sale and leaseback transactions under the accounting guidance. For these transactions, we consider various inputs and assumptions including, but not necessarily limited to, lease terms, renewal options, discount rates, and other rights and provisions in the purchase and sale agreement, lease and other documentation to determine whether control has been transferred to the Company or remains with the lessee. A transaction involving a sale leaseback will be treated as a purchase of a real estate property if it is considered to transfer control of the underlying asset from the lessee. A lease will be classified as direct-financing if risks and rewards are conveyed without the transfer of control and will be classified as a sales-type lease if control of the underlying asset is transferred to the lessee. Otherwise, the lease is treated as an operating lease. These criteria also include estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value of the leased facilities, minimum lease payments, the economic useful life of the facilities, the existence of a purchase option, and certain other terms in the lease agreements. The lease accounting guidance requires accounting for a transaction as a financing in a sale leaseback when the seller-lessee is provided an option to purchase the property from the landlord at the tenant’s option. Substantially all of our leases continued to be classified as operating leases and we continue to record revenue for each of our properties on a cash basis. Our tenant reimbursable revenue and property expenses continue to be presented on a gross basis as rental revenues and as property expenses, respectively, on our consolidated statements of income. Property taxes paid directly by the lessee to a third party continue to be excluded from our consolidated financial statements. Lease amendments are evaluated to determine if the modification grants the lessee an additional right-of-use not included in the original lease and if the lease payments increase commensurate with the standalone price of the additional right-of-use, adjusted for the circumstances of the particular contract. If both conditions are present, the lease amendment is accounted for as a new lease that is separate from the original lease. In January 2024, the lease modifications for two of our leases to extend the initial term of each lease changed the lease classification from operating lease to sales-type lease that did not satisfy all the criteria for recognition as a completed sale. Accordingly, we continue to recognize the underlying assets within net real estate held for investment and all lease payments received, as well as any future lease payments, will be recognized as a deposit liability and will be included in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets until certain criteria are met. As of December 31, 2025, we have received lease payments of $5.0 million that have been included in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. The underlying assets’ land and building and improvements had a gross carrying value of $4.1 million and $28.9 million, respectively, and accumulated depreciation of $4.4 million as of December 31, 2025. Our leases generally contain options to extend the lease terms at the prevailing market rate or at the expiring rental rate at the time of expiration. Certain of our leases provide the lessee with a right of first refusal or right of first offer in the event we market the leased property for sale. Recent Accounting Pronouncements. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The amendments in ASU 2024-03 require entities to provide enhanced disclosures related to certain expense categories included in income statement captions. Under ASU 2024-03, entities are required to disaggregate, in a tabular format, expense captions presented on the face of the income statement — excluding earnings or losses from equity method investments — if they include any of the following expense categories: purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization, and depreciation, depletion, and amortization recognized as part of oil and gas-producing activities (or other amounts of depletion expense). For any remaining items within each relevant expense caption, entities must provide a qualitative description of the nature of those expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. We expect to adopt this ASU on January 1, 2027. While the adoption is not expected to have an impact on our consolidated financial statements, it is expected to result in incremental disclosures within the footnotes to our consolidated financial statements. Concentration of Credit Risk. As of December 31, 2025, we owned 111 properties located in 19 states. The ability of any of our tenants to honor the terms of their leases is dependent upon the economic, regulatory, competition, natural and social factors affecting the community in which that tenant operates. The following tables set forth the five tenants in our portfolio that represented the largest percentage of our total rental revenues for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, including tenant reimbursements:
________________________________________________________ (1)See Note 6 "Investment in Real Estate - Lease Amendments" for further information about the leases with PharmaCann. (2)We regained possession of two properties previously leased to Parallel in Texas and Pennsylvania in 2024. In each of the tables above, these leases include leases with affiliates of each entity, for which the entity has provided a corporate guaranty. Geographic Concentration As of December 31, 2025, our largest property was located in New York and accounted for 5.5% of our net real estate held for investment. No other properties accounted for more than 5% of our net real estate held for investment as of December 31, 2025. As of December 31, 2024, our largest property was located in New York and accounted for 5.5% of our net real estate held for investment. No other properties accounted for more than 5% of our net real estate held for investment as of December 31, 2024. Financial Instruments Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a concentration of credit risk are cash and cash equivalents, notes and interest receivable, and investments in the IQHQ Preferred Stock and IQHQ Warrant. Concentration of credit risk relating to notes and interest receivable, IQHQ Preferred Stock and IQHQ Warrant investments are managed by the Company through portfolio monitoring and performing due diligence prior to origination or acquisition. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had invested $100.0 million into the IQHQ Credit Facility and $50.0 million into the IQHQ Preferred Stock and IQHQ Warrant, representing a significant concentration of credit risk. The Company monitors IQHQ’s credit quality and enforces collateral rights under the credit agreement. We have deposited cash with financial institutions that is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000. As of December 31, 2025, we had cash accounts in excess of FDIC insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts.
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Common Stock |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2025 | |
| Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract] | |
| Common Stock | Common Stock As of December 31, 2025, the Company was authorized to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and there were 28,022,975 shares of common stock issued and outstanding. In May 2024, we terminated the previously existing "at-the-market" offering program (the "Prior ATM Program") and entered into new equity distribution agreements with four sales agents, pursuant to which we may offer and sell from time to time through an “at-the-market” offering program (the “ATM Program”), including on a forward basis, shares of our common stock and 9.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”), up to an aggregate offering price of $500.0 million. See Note 4 “Preferred Stock” for information regarding the sale of Series A Preferred Stock under the ATM Program. No shares of common stock were issued pursuant to the ATM Program during the year ended December 31, 2025. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we sold 123,224 shares and 101,061 shares of our common stock pursuant to the Prior ATM Program for net proceeds of $11.8 million and $9.6 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we issued 28,408 shares of our common stock upon exchange by holders of $4.3 million of outstanding principal amount of our Exchangeable Senior Notes. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we issued 32,200 shares of our common stock upon exchange by holders of approximately $2.0 million of outstanding principal amount of our Exchangeable Senior Notes. In March 2025, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $100.0 million of the Company’s common stock. The repurchase program expires on March 17, 2026, and may be extended, suspended, modified or discontinued at any time at the Company’s discretion. During year ended December 31, 2025, we repurchased and retired 371,538 shares of common stock for $20.1 million. No shares of common stock were repurchased and retired during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
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Preferred Stock |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2025 | |
| Equity [Abstract] | |
| Preferred Stock | Preferred Stock As of December 31, 2025, the Company was authorized to issue up to 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, and there were 2,019,525 shares issued and outstanding of 9.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred Stock”). The Company may, at its option, redeem the Series A Preferred Stock, in whole or in part, at any time or from time to time, for cash at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends on such Series A Preferred Stock up to, but excluding the redemption date. Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock generally have no voting rights except for limited voting rights if the Company fails to pay dividends for six or more quarterly periods (whether or not consecutive) and in certain other circumstances. During the year ended December 31, 2025, we sold 1,016,852 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to the ATM Program for net proceeds of $24.1 million. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we sold 402,673 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to the ATM Program for net proceeds of $9.6 million. No shares of our Series A Preferred Stock were sold during the year ended December 31, 2023.
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Dividends |
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| Dividends [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends | Dividends The following table describes the dividends declared by the Company during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:
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Investments in Real Estate |
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| Real Estate [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investments in Real Estate | Investments in Real Estate Acquisitions The Company made the following acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2025 (dollars in thousands):
________________________________________________________ (1)Includes expected rentable square feet at completion of construction at the property. (2)$0.6 million was allocated to land and $7.2 million was allocated to building and improvements. Acquired In-Place Lease Intangible Assets In-place lease intangible assets and related accumulated amortization as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows (in thousands):
Amortization of in-place lease intangible assets classified in depreciation and amortization expense in our consolidated statements of income was $1.0 million, $0.9 million and $0.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The remaining weighted-average amortization period of the value of acquired in-place leases was 7.7 years, and the estimated annual amortization of the value of the acquired in-place leases as of December 31, 2025 is as follows (in thousands):
Above-Market Lease The above-market lease and related accumulated amortization included in other assets, net on our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows (in thousands):
The above-market lease is amortized on a straight-line basis as a reduction to rental revenues over the remaining lease term of 7.5 years. For all three years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, the amortization of the above-market lease was $0.1 million. As of December 31, 2025, the amortization for each of the next five years is $0.1 million and $0.2 million thereafter. Lease Amendments In January 2025, we entered into lease amendments with PharmaCann with respect to nine of its leases for properties located in New York, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Colorado. Those lease amendments reduced cumulative total base rent from $2.8 million per month to $2.6 million per month, with cash rent payments commencing February 1, 2025, and provided for pro-rata replenishment of security deposits over thirty-six months commencing February 1, 2027. We also entered into lease amendments with PharmaCann with respect to two of its leases for cultivation properties in Michigan and Massachusetts. Those amendments provide that monthly base rent of $1.3 million for these two properties will be abated in full effective February 1, 2025 and, if the properties have not been transitioned to new tenant(s) by August 1, 2025, we will regain full control over the properties. We applied security deposits held by us pursuant to all of the PharmaCann leases for the payment in full of all defaulted rent for December 2024 and January 2025 and certain penalties. The lease amendments also provided that if PharmaCann defaults again or is not able to refinance its existing senior secured credit facility maturing June 30, 2025, all modifications to our leases with PharmaCann described above will immediately be null and void and the leases will revert to the terms in effect as of January 1, 2025. In March 2025, PharmaCann defaulted on its obligations to pay rent for the month of March under nine of its eleven leases for properties located in New York, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Colorado and therefore, all modifications to our leases with PharmaCann described above became null and void and the leases reverted to the terms in effect as of January 1, 2025. In April 2025, the lease for the cultivation property in Michigan was terminated concurrently with the execution of a new lease with a new tenant. In August 2025, the lease for the cultivation property in Massachusetts was terminated and we took back possession of the property. In December 2025, the lease for the cultivation property in Illinois was terminated and we took back possession of the property. In March 2025, we amended our lease with a subsidiary of AYR Wellness, Inc. at one of our Florida properties to reduce the improvement allowance by $2.5 million to $27.5 million, which also resulted in a corresponding adjustment to the base rent for the lease at the property. New Leases In November 2025, we executed a new lease with a tenant at our property located at 19533 McLane Street in Palm Springs, California. In November 2025, we executed a new lease with OCS Holliston LLC, a subsidiary of Perpetual Brand, at our property located at 465 Hopping Brook Road, Holliston, Massachusetts. Capitalized Costs Including all of our properties, during the year ended December 31, 2025, we capitalized costs of $15.9 million relating to improvements and construction activities at our properties. Property Dispositions In March 2023, we sold the portfolio of four properties in California for $16.2 million (excluding transaction costs) and provided a secured loan for $16.1 million to the buyer of the properties. The loan was set to mature on February 29, 2028 with two options to extend the maturity for twelve months, conditional in each instance on the payment of an extension fee and at least $0.5 million of the principal balance. The loan was interest only and payments were payable monthly in advance. The transaction did not qualify for recognition as a completed sale under GAAP since not all of the criteria were met. Accordingly, we did not derecognize the assets transferred on our consolidated balance sheets and all considerations received to date from the buyer have been recognized as a deposit liability and included in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets until such time the criteria for recognition as a sale have been met or the agreement is terminated. We declared this loan in default in March 2025 due to borrower's failure to pay interest and reimbursement for taxes. In September 2025, due to borrower's continued default and voluntary surrender, we took back possession and ownership of the properties through a deed in lieu of foreclosure. In connection with the termination of the agreement, we recognized $2.7 million of consideration received to date as interest and other income on our consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2025. In May 2024, we sold a property in Los Angeles, California for $9.1 million (excluding closing costs) to a third-party buyer. Concurrently with the sale, pursuant to a separate agreement previously executed between us and the tenant, the tenant paid us a lease termination fee of $3.9 million and paid for the closing and other costs incurred by us in connection with the sale of the property. In connection with this sale, during the year ended December 31, 2024, we recognized a disposition-contingent lease termination fee of $3.9 million, which is included in rental revenue (including tenant reimbursements) on our consolidated statements of income, and a loss on sale of real estate of $3.4 million. In April 2025, we sold a property in Michigan for $9.0 million (excluding transaction costs) and provided a secured loan for $8.5 million to the buyer of the property. The loan matures on April 24, 2028 with an option to extend the maturity for twelve months, conditional on the payment of an extension fee. The loan is interest only and payments are payable monthly in advance. The transaction did not qualify for recognition as a completed sale under GAAP since not all of the criteria were met. Accordingly, we have not derecognized the assets transferred and the land and building and improvements with a gross carrying value of $0.4 million and $9.6 million, respectively, and accumulated depreciation of $2.1 million as of December 31, 2025, remain on the consolidated balance sheet, and the buildings and improvements continue to be depreciated. All consideration received, as well as any future payments, from the buyer will be recognized as a deposit liability and will be included in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets until such time the criteria for recognition as a sale have been met. As of December 31, 2025, we have received a total of $1.6 million for a loan origination fee and interest. In June 2025, we sold a property in Palm Springs, California. Net proceeds from the sale were $1.8 million and no gain or loss was recognized on the sale as the property was impaired and recognized at fair value less selling costs. In December 2025, we sold a property in Mancos, Colorado. Net proceeds from the sale were $0.5 million and we recognized a loss on sale of real estate of $0.3 million. Future Contractual Minimum Rent Future contractual minimum rent (including base rent and property management fees) to be received on our leases as of December 31, 2025 for future periods is summarized as follows (in thousands):
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Life Science Investments |
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| Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life Science Investments | Life Science Investments In August 2025, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) with IQHQ, Inc, a private life science real estate investment trust, and certain of its affiliates (collectively "IQHQ"). The Securities Purchase Agreement, together with certain exhibits thereto, set forth the terms under which the Company agreed to: (i) purchase up to $170.0 million of 15.0% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of IQHQ (the “IQHQ Preferred Stock”) at a price of $1,000 per share, together with corresponding warrants to purchase common equity units of IQHQ at an exercise price of $0.01 per unit, subject to the satisfaction of certain funding milestones of the IQHQ Preferred Stock; and (ii) provide a $100.0 million commitment to IQHQ as a member of a lender syndicate under an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “IQHQ Credit Facility”) with an initial term of three years, extendable by an additional 12 months upon payment of an extension fee and satisfaction of certain other conditions. On September 30, 2025, the Company completed the initial purchase of an aggregate of 5,000 shares of IQHQ Preferred Stock for a total investment of $5.0 million. On October 31, 2025, the Company purchased an additional 45,000 shares of IQHQ Preferred Stock for $45.0 million, resulting in a total investment of 50,000 shares with an aggregate purchase price of $50.0 million. The IQHQ Preferred Stock accrues cumulative dividends comprised of (i) a 10.0% annual cash dividend and (ii) a 5.0% paid-in-kind (“PIK”) dividend, with dividends payable quarterly in arrears. For the year ended December 31, 2025, $0.4 million of PIK dividend was compounded into the investment in the IQHQ Preferred Stock. The PIK dividend will be paid upon redemption. The PIK dividend rate increases by 1.25% on each of the fourth and fifth anniversaries of issuance. In the event of a failure by IQHQ to make required redemptions or cash dividend payments, the PIK dividend rate increases by an additional 5.0%, until the failure is cured, subject to a cap on the increase. The IQHQ Preferred Stock ranks senior to IQHQ's common equity and any junior securities, pari passu with its Series E Preferred Stock and other parity securities, and junior to its Series A and Series D-1 Preferred Stock with respect to dividends and liquidation preferences. The IQHQ Preferred Stock is not convertible and carries limited voting rights, except as required by law or with respect to charter amendments that are materially adverse to holder rights. The IQHQ Preferred Stock may be redeemed by IQHQ at any time at the greater of $1,560 per share or the then-current base amount and may also be subject to holder redemption upon a change of control or sale transaction. The remaining balance of the Company’s committed investment in IQHQ Preferred Stock is scheduled to be funded in multiple tranches commencing the second quarter of 2026 and continuing through the second quarter of 2027, subject to extension options exercisable by IQHQ. In connection with the initial closing, the Company also received a warrant (the “IQHQ Warrant”) to purchase common equity units of IQHQ. The IQHQ Warrant is exercisable for a number of common equity units representing 1.5% of the fully diluted outstanding common equity of IQHQ (after giving effect to all previously issued warrants) as of the date of the initial closing. Pursuant to the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement, upon the initial closing, the Company obtained the right to appoint one voting member to IQHQ’s board of directors, subject to certain ownership thresholds, and designated Paul Smithers, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, for this role. The Company also entered into a right of first offer letter with IQHQ, granting the Company a contractual right of first offer on certain real estate asset sales of IQHQ. Additionally, in connection with the initial closing under the Securities Purchase Agreement, on September 30, 2025, the Company became a lender under the IQHQ Credit Facility and fully funded its $100.0 million commitment. The IQHQ Credit Facility bears interest at a fixed annual rate of 13.5%, consisting of 12.0% payable in cash and 1.5% PIK, with interest payable quarterly. For the year ended December 31, 2025, $0.4 million of PIK interest was compounded into the principal balance of the IQHQ Credit Facility. The PIK interest will be paid at maturity. The IQHQ Credit Facility has an initial maturity on September 30, 2028, with a one-time extension option of up to 12 months, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions and payment of a facility extension fee. All obligations under the IQHQ Credit Facility are unconditionally guaranteed by IQHQ and secured by a first priority pledge of certain of IQHQ's assets. The Company is subject to a rate reduction penalty of up to 3.0% in the event it fails to make required purchases of IQHQ Preferred Stock under the Securities Purchase Agreement. The IQHQ Credit Facility includes customary representations, warranties, and covenants, as well as major decision rights requiring lender approval. IQHQ is required to prepay loans with proceeds from certain asset or equity sales and may voluntarily prepay or reduce commitments subject to specified conditions. The following table details the carrying value of our life science investments, including the value of the forward contract to purchase the remaining minimum commitment of IQHQ Preferred Stock (in thousands):
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Debt |
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| Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt | Debt Exchangeable Senior Notes Our Operating Partnership previously issued 3.75% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2024 (the “Exchangeable Senior Notes”). The Exchangeable Senior Notes were senior unsecured obligations of our Operating Partnership, were fully and unconditionally guaranteed by us and our Operating Partnership’s subsidiaries and were exchangeable for cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our Operating Partnership’s option, at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the stated maturity date. The Exchangeable Senior Notes paid interest semiannually at a rate of 3.75% per annum and matured on February 21, 2024. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we issued 28,408 shares of our common stock and paid $4.3 million in cash upon exchange by holders of $4.3 million principal amount of Exchangeable Senior Notes and paid off the remaining $0.1 million principal amount at maturity in February 2024, in accordance with terms of the indenture for the Exchangeable Senior Notes. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we issued 32,200 shares of our common stock upon exchanges by holders of $2.0 million of outstanding principal amount of our Exchangeable Senior Notes. For the year ended December 31, 2023, we recognized a gain on the exchange totaling $22,000, resulting from the difference between the fair value and carrying value of the debt as of the date of the exchange. The issuance of the shares pursuant to the exchanges resulted in a net non-cash increase to our additional paid-in capital account of $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The following table details our interest expense related to the Exchangeable Senior Notes (in thousands):
Notes due 2026 In May 2021, our Operating Partnership issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.50% Senior Notes due 2026 (the “Notes due 2026”). The Notes due 2026 are senior unsecured obligations of our Operating Partnership, are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by us and rank equally in right of payment with all of the Operating Partnership’s future senior unsecured indebtedness. However, the Notes due 2026 are effectively subordinated to any of the Company’s, the Operating Partnership’s and the Operating Partnership’s subsidiaries’ future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness. The Notes due 2026 pay interest semiannually at a rate of 5.50% per year and will mature on May 25, 2026. The terms of the Notes due 2026 are governed by an indenture, dated May 25, 2021, and provide that if the debt rating on the Notes due 2026 is downgraded or withdrawn entirely, interest on the Notes due 2026 will increase to a range of 6.0% to 6.5% based on such debt rating. In connection with the issuance of the Notes due 2026, we recorded $6.8 million of issuance costs, which are being amortized using the effective interest method and recognized as non-cash interest expense over the term of the Notes due 2026. The effective interest rate including amortization of issuance costs is 6.03%. The following table details our interest expense related to the Notes due 2026 (in thousands):
The following table details the carrying value of our Notes due 2026 (in thousands):
The Operating Partnership may redeem some or all of the Notes due 2026 at its option at any time at the applicable redemption price. If the Notes due 2026 are redeemed prior to February 25, 2026, the redemption price will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes due 2026 being redeemed, plus a make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but excluding, the applicable redemption date. If the Notes due 2026 are redeemed on or after February 25, 2026, the redemption price will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes due 2026 being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but excluding, the applicable redemption date. In February 2025, we made early partial repayments at a discount totaling $8.7 million on the Notes due 2026, reducing the principal balance by $8.8 million. Following the partial repayment, all other terms and conditions of the debt agreement remain unchanged. The terms of the indenture for the Notes due 2026 require compliance with various financial covenants, including minimum level of debt service coverage and limits on the amount of total leverage and secured debt maintained by the Operating Partnership. Management believes that it was in compliance with those covenants as of December 31, 2025. Accrued interest payable for the Notes due 2026 was $2.0 million and $2.1 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses on our consolidated balance sheets. Revolving Credit Facility In October 2023, our Operating Partnership entered into a loan and security agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with a federally regulated commercial bank, as lender and as agent for lenders that become party thereto from time to time, which matures on October 23, 2026. The Loan Agreement initially provided $50.0 million in aggregate commitments for secured revolving loans (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), the availability of which is based on a borrowing base consisting of real properties owned by subsidiaries (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”) of the Operating Partnership that satisfy eligibility criteria set forth in the Loan Agreement. The obligations of the Operating Partnership under the Loan Agreement are guaranteed by the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors, and are secured by (i) operating accounts of the Operating Partnership into which lease payments under the real property included in the borrowing base are paid, (ii) the equity interest of the Subsidiary Guarantors, (iii) the real estate included in the borrowing base and the leases and rents thereunder, and (iv) all personal property of the Subsidiary Guarantors. The Loan Agreement also allows the Operating Partnership, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, to request additional revolving loan commitments up to a specified amount. In November 2024, our Operating Partnership entered into an amendment to the Loan Agreement, pursuant to which the aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility were increased from $50.0 million to $87.5 million. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a variable rate based on the greater of the prime rate and an applicable margin based on deposits with the participating bank(s) and a stipulated interest rate. At December 31, 2025, the interest rate was 9.0%. The Revolving Credit Facility is subject to an unused line of credit fee, calculated in accordance with the Loan Agreement. As of December 31, 2025, the outstanding balance under the Revolving Credit Facility was $27.5 million. There were no amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility as of December 31, 2024. The Loan Agreement is subject to certain liquidity and operating covenants and includes customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. Management believes that it was in compliance with those covenants as of December 31, 2025. In connection with the Revolving Credit Facility, we recorded $1.2 million of issuance costs, which are being amortized on a straight-line basis and recognized as non-cash interest expense over the term of the Revolving Credit Facility. For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, we recognized $0.5 million, $0.3 million and $41,000, respectively, of non-cash interest expense related to the Revolving Credit Facility. IIP Life Science Credit Facility In October 2025, our Operating Partnership and IIP Life Science entered into a loan agreement with a federally regulated commercial bank, as agent for the lenders that become party thereto from time to time (the “IIP Life Science Credit Facility”). Under the IIP Life Science Credit Facility, our Operating Partnership has a revolving line of credit available up to $100.0 million until the maturity date on October 3, 2028. The IIP Life Science Credit Facility includes an accordion feature under which the revolving line of credit may be increased up to an aggregate of $135.0 million, under certain conditions, including obtaining additional lender commitments. The availability of credit at any given time under the IIP Life Science Credit Facility is subject to, among other things, the amount of collateral available and a borrowing base formula based upon the value of eligible investments in certain securities and an eligible loan receivable. All obligations under the IIP Life Science Credit Facility are secured by substantial assets of the loan parties, including the Company’s investment through IIP Life Science in IQHQ Preferred Stock, the IQHQ Warrant, and the IQHQ Credit Facility. Borrowings under the IIP Life Science Credit Facility bear interest on the outstanding daily balance at a rate of interest per annum equal to the greater of (i) the one-month Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), as administered by CME Group Benchmark Administration, plus 2.0% and (ii) 6.10%. At December 31, 2025, the interest rate was 6.1%. As of December 31, 2025, there were $75.0 million of borrowing outstanding under the IIP Life Science Credit Facility. The IIP Life Science Credit Facility contains a liquidity covenant and a debt service coverage ratio covenant, which requires that the ratio of the Company’s consolidated EBITDA to debt service costs not be less than 2.0 to 1.0, measured as of the end of each fiscal quarter. Management believes that it was in compliance with those covenants as of December 31, 2025. In connection with the IIP Life Science Credit Facility, we recorded $0.9 million of issuance costs, which are being amortized on a straight-line basis and recognized as non-cash interest expense over the term of the Revolving Credit Facility. For the year ended December 31, 2025, we recognized $77,000 of non-cash interest expense related to the IIP Life Science Credit Facility. The following table summarizes the principal payments on our outstanding indebtedness as of December 31, 2025 (in thousands):
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Net Income Per Share |
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| Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income Per Share | Net Income Per Share Grants of restricted stock and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) of the Company in share-based payment transactions are considered participating securities prior to vesting and, therefore, are considered in computing basic earnings per share under the two-class method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation method for calculating earnings per share when a company’s capital structure includes either two or more classes of common stock or common stock and participating securities. Earnings per basic share under the two-class method is calculated based on dividends declared on common shares and other participating securities (“distributed earnings”) and the rights of participating securities in any undistributed earnings, which represents net income remaining after deduction of dividends and dividend equivalents accruing during the period. The undistributed earnings are allocated to all outstanding common shares and participating securities based on the relative percentage of each security to the total number of outstanding participating securities. Earnings per basic share represents the summation of the distributed and undistributed earnings per share class divided by the total number of shares. Through December 31, 2025, all of the Company’s participating securities received dividends or dividend equivalents at an equal dividend rate per share. As a result, distributions to participating securities have been included in net income attributable to common stockholders to calculate net income per basic and diluted share. The 9,468 shares and 81,169 shares necessary to settle the Exchangeable Senior Notes on the if-exchanged method basis were dilutive for the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively, and were included in the computation of diluted earnings per share. For the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, the performance share units (“PSUs”) granted to certain employees were not included in dilutive securities as the performance thresholds for the vesting of the PSUs were not met as measured as of the respective dates. The PSUs expired on December 31, 2024 (see Note 11 " Common Stock Incentive Plan" for further discussion of the PSUs). Computations of net income per basic and diluted share were as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
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| Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Accounting guidance also establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: Level 1—Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. Level 2—Includes other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace. Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activities, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis On September 30, 2025, the Company completed its initial purchase of IQHQ Preferred Stock and funded the investment under the IQHQ Credit Facility, as described in Note 7. The investments in the IQHQ Preferred Stock and IQHQ Credit Facility were evaluated together, along with the related financial instruments, and were initially measured based on relative fair value. Utilizing a third-party valuation specialist, the fair values were determined as summarized in the following table (in thousands):
________________________________________________________ (1)The Company estimated the fair value of the IQHQ Preferred Stock using a discounted cash flow method with a risk adjusted discount rate of 20.0% and term to an IQHQ entity level exit of five years. Because this methodology includes unobservable inputs that reflect our own internal assumptions and calculations, the measurement of estimated fair value is categorized as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. (2)The Company estimated the fair value of the IQHQ Warrant using an option pricing model. Because this methodology includes unobservable inputs, including a discount for lack of marketability of 41.0%, a risk free rate of 3.7%, equity volatility of 35.0%, and term to an IQHQ entity level exit of five years, the fair value measurement is categorized as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. (3)The Company estimated the fair value of the forward contract for the purchase of IQHQ Preferred Stock using a standard forward contract model. Because this methodology includes unobservable inputs, including the expected timing and amounts of future fundings as well as the estimated fair value of the underlying IQHQ Preferred Stock estimated using an approach consistent with as described above, the measurement of estimated fair value is categorized as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. (4)The Company estimated the fair value of the IQHQ Credit Facility by using a discounted cash flow method with a risk adjusted discount rate of 16.1%. Because this methodology includes unobservable inputs that reflect our own internal assumptions and calculations, the measurement of estimated fair value is categorized as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Financial Instruments Not Measured at Fair Value The following table presents the carrying value and approximate fair value of financial instruments not measured at fair value at December 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):
________________________________________________________ (1)Excludes $52.8 million of investments in the IQHQ Preferred Stock and IQHQ Warrant which are carried at cost under the measurement alternative of ASC 321, Investments - Equity Securities. The investment in the IQHQ Credit Facility is categorized as Level 3 and was valued using a yield analysis, which is typically performed for non-credit impaired loans. To determine fair value using a yield analysis, a current price is imputed for the loan based upon an assessment of the expected market yield for a similarly structured loan with a similar level of risk. In the yield analysis, the Company considers the current contractual interest rate, the maturity and other terms of the loan relative to risk of the company and the specific loan. At December 31, 2025, the expected market yield used to determine fair value was 16.8%. Changes in market yields may change the fair value of the investment in the revolving credit facility. Generally, an increase in market yields may result in a decrease in the fair value of the investment in the revolving credit facility. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of a loan that does not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the investment in the revolving credit facility may fluctuate from period to period. Additionally, the fair value of the investment in the revolving credit facility may differ significantly from the value that would have been used had a readily available market existed for such loan and may differ materially from the value that the Company may ultimately realize. (2)The construction loan receivable is categorized as Level 3 and was valued using a yield analysis, which is typically performed for non-credit impaired loans. To determine fair value using a yield analysis, a current price is imputed for the loan based upon an assessment of the expected market yield for a similarly structured loan with a similar level of risk. In the yield analysis, the Company considers the current contractual interest rate, the maturity and other terms of the loan relative to risk of the company and the specific loan. At each of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the expected market yield used to determine fair value was 16.25%. Changes in market yields may change the fair value of the construction loan. Generally, an increase in market yields may result in a decrease in the fair value of the construction loan. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of a loan that does not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the construction loan may fluctuate from period to period. Additionally, the fair value of the construction loan may differ significantly from the value that would have been used had a readily available market existed for such loan and may differ materially from the value that the Company may ultimately realize. (3)Investments as cash equivalents include investments of obligations of the U.S. government with an original maturity at the time of purchase of 90 days or less are classified as held-to-maturity, stated at amortized cost and valued using Level 1 inputs. Investments as cash equivalents also include investments in a money market fund that invests 100% in U.S. government securities, which is stated at cost and valued using Level 1 inputs. (4)Notes receivable relate to certain acquisitions of real estate which did not satisfy the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting (see Note 2 “Acquisition of Real Estate Properties” to our consolidated financial statements for more information). The notes receivable are categorized as Level 3 and were valued using a yield analysis. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the weighted average expected market yields used to determine fair values were 26.5% and 20.6%, respectively. (5)At December 31, 2024 , investments consisting of short-term certificates of deposit with an original maturity at the time of purchase of greater than 90 days and less than one year are classified as held-to-maturity, stated at cost which approximates fair value using Level 2 inputs. (6)The fair value is determined based upon Level 2 inputs as the Notes due 2026 were not traded in an active market. (7)The Revolving Credit Facility is categorized as Level 2 and was valued using a discounted cash flow analysis based on significant other observable inputs such as available market information on discount and borrowing rates with similar terms, maturities, and credit ratings. Changes in discount and borrowing rates may change the fair value of the Revolving Credit Facility. Additionally, the use of different market assumptions or estimation methods may have a material effect on the estimated fair value. (8)The Life Science Credit Facility is categorized as Level 2 and was valued using a discounted cash flow analysis based on significant other observable inputs such as available market information on discount and borrowing rates with similar terms, maturities, and credit ratings. Changes in discount and borrowing rates may change the fair value of the Life Science Credit Facility. Additionally, the use of different market assumptions or estimation methods may have a material effect on the estimated fair value. The carrying amounts of cash equivalents, interest receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities approximate fair values.
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Common Stock Incentive Plan |
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| Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock Incentive Plan | Common Stock Incentive Plan Our board of directors adopted our 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”), to enable us to motivate, attract and retain the services of directors, employees and consultants considered essential to our long-term success. The 2016 Plan offers our directors, employees and consultants an opportunity to own our stock or rights that will reflect our growth, development and financial success. Under the terms of the 2016 Plan, the aggregate number of shares of our common stock subject to options, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units and other awards, will be no more than 1,000,000 shares. Any equity awards that lapse, expire, terminate, are canceled or are forfeited (including forfeitures in connection with satisfaction of tax withholding obligations of the recipient) are re-credited to the 2016 Plan’s reserve for future issuance. The 2016 Plan automatically terminates on the date which is ten years following the effective date of the 2016 Plan, in December 2026. A summary of the restricted stock activity under the 2016 Plan and related information for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 is included in the table below:
________________________________________________________ (1)Shares that were forfeited to cover the employees’ tax withholding obligation upon vesting or employees’ cessation of employment. The remaining unrecognized compensation cost of $4.5 million for restricted stock awards is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average amortization period of 1.7 years as of December 31, 2025. The fair value of restricted stock that vested in 2025, 2024 and 2023 was $2.4 million, $2.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively. The following table summarizes our RSU activity for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. RSUs are issued as part of the Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”), which allows a select group of management and our non-employee directors to defer receiving certain of their cash and equity-based compensation. RSUs are subject to vesting conditions of the Deferred Compensation Plan and have the same economic rights as shares of restricted stock under the 2016 Plan:
________________________________________________________ (1)Shares that were forfeited to cover the employees’ tax withholding obligation upon vesting or employees’ cessation of employment. The remaining unrecognized compensation cost of $5.5 million for RSU awards is expected to be recognized over an amortization period of 1.7 years as of December 31, 2025. In January 2021 and January 2022 , we issued 70,795 and 102,641 “target” PSUs, respectively, to a select group of officers, which vest and are settled in shares of common stock based on the Company’s total stockholder return over a period commencing on the applicable grant dates and ending on December 31, 2023 and 2024 respectively. The PSUs granted in January 2021 and January 2022 were forfeited in their entirety on December 31, 2023 and 2024, respectively, pursuant to the terms of the agreements, as the PSUs failed to meet the performance threshold for vesting. Stock-based compensation for market-based PSU awards is based on the grant date fair value of the equity awards and is recognized over the applicable performance period. For the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we recognized stock-based compensation expense of $6.7 million and $10.7 million, respectively, relating to PSU awards. Stock-based compensation expense is included within general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of income.
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Commitments and Contingencies |
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| Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies | Commitments and Contingencies Office Lease. The future contractual lease payments for our office lease and the reconciliation to the office lease liability reflected in other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2025 is presented in the table below (in thousands):
Improvement Allowances. As of December 31, 2025, we had $6.5 million of commitments related to improvement allowances, which generally may be requested by the tenants at any time up until a date that is near the expiration of the initial term of the applicable lease. Life Science Investments. As of December 31, 2025, we had $120.0 million remaining on our commitment to purchase up to $170.0 million of IQHQ Preferred Stock, scheduled to be funded in various installments by June 30, 2027, subject to extension options exercisable by IQHQ. See Note 7 "Life Science Investments" for further details. Construction Loan. As of December 31, 2025, we had $0.2 million of commitments related to our construction loan for the development of a regulated cannabis cultivation and processing facility in California. Environmental Matters. We follow the policy of monitoring our properties, both targeted acquisition and existing properties, for the presence of hazardous or toxic substances. While there can be no assurance that a material environmental liability does not exist, we are not currently aware of any environmental liabilities that would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow, or that we believe would require disclosure or the recording of a loss contingency. Litigation. Class Action Lawsuits On April 25, 2022, a federal securities class action lawsuit was filed against the Company and certain of its officers. The case was named Michael V. Mallozzi, individually and on behalf of others similarly situated v. Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., Paul Smithers, Catherine Hastings and Andy Bui, Case No. 2-22-cv-02359, and was filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey. On September 25, 2024, the district court granted defendants’ motion to dismiss the operative complaint with prejudice. The plaintiff appealed, and on October 15, 2025, the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit affirmed the dismissal. On October 29, 2025, the appellant filed a petition for rehearing en banc, which was denied on November 13, 2025. Plaintiff did not file a petition for writ of certiorari with the U.S. Supreme Court. On January 17, 2025, a second federal securities class action lawsuit was filed against the Company and certain of its officers. The case was named Alain Giraudon, individually and on behalf of others similarly situated v. Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., Alan D. Gold, Paul E. Smithers, David Smith and Ben Regin, Case No. 1:25-cv-00182-RDB, and was filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland. The lawsuit was purportedly brought on behalf of purchasers of our common stock and alleges that we and certain of our officers made false or misleading statements regarding our business in violation of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), SEC Rule 10b-5, and Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act. According to the filed complaint, the plaintiff is seeking an undetermined amount of damages, interest, attorneys’ fees and costs and other relief on behalf of the putative classes of all persons who acquired shares of the Company’s common stock between February 27, 2024, and December 19, 2024. On June 23, 2025, a Consolidated Class Action Complaint was filed under the same Case Number, adding Catherine Hastings as a defendant, and asserting causes of action under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. According to the Consolidated Class Action Complaint, the plaintiff is seeking an undetermined amount of damages, interest, attorneys’ fees and costs and other relief on behalf of the putative classes of all persons who acquired shares of the Company’s common stock between February 26, 2024 and March 28, 2025. On August 22, 2025, defendants moved to dismiss the Consolidated Class Action Complaint, and on October 21, 2025, plaintiff responded with their opposition to defendants’ motion to dismiss. On November 20, 2025, defendants filed a reply in support of their motion to dismiss. It is possible that similar lawsuits may yet be filed in the same or other courts that name the same or additional defendants. We intend to defend the lawsuit vigorously. However, at this time, we cannot predict the probable outcome of this action, and, accordingly, no amounts have been accrued in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Derivative Action Lawsuits Five derivative lawsuits were filed related to the Mallozzi federal securities class action discussed above. John Rice, derivatively on behalf of Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. v. Paul Smithers, Catherine Hastings, Andy Bui, Alan Gold, Gary Kreitzer, Mary Curran, Scott Shoemaker, David Stecher, and Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., Case Number 24-C-22-003312, and Karen Draper, derivatively on behalf of Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. v. Paul Smithers, Catherine Hastings, Andy Bui, Alan Gold, Gary Kreitzer, Mary Curran, Scott Shoemaker, David Stecher, Defendants, and Innovative Industrial Properties Inc., Nominal Defendant, Case Number 24-C-22-004243, were filed in the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland. On October 19, 2022, the parties to both cases filed a Joint Motion to Consolidate Related Shareholder Derivative Actions and to Appoint Lead and Liaison Counsel for plaintiffs, which was granted on December 19, 2022, along with a stay in the lawsuit pending a ruling on the defendants’ motion to dismiss the federal class action lawsuit described above. On February 13, 2026, the parties filed a Joint Motion for Voluntary Dismissal Without Prejudice. Two derivative lawsuits, named Ross Weintraub, derivatively on behalf of Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. v. Alan Gold, Paul Smithers, Catherine Hastings, Ben Regin, Andy Bui, Tracie Hager, Gary Kreitzer, David Stecher, Scott Shoemaker, Mary Curran, and Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., Case Number 1:23-cv-00737-GLR, and Franco DeBlasio, on behalf of Gerich Melenth Nin (GMN) LP, derivatively on behalf of Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. v. Paul Smithers, Catherine Hastings, Alan D. Gold, Tracie J. Hager, Benjamin C. Regin, Andy Bui, Gary A. Kreitzer, David Stecher, Scott Shoemaker, Mary Curran, and Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., Case Number 1:23-cv-01513-GLR, were filed in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland. On July 19, 2023, the United States Court for the District of Maryland consolidated Case Nos. 1:23-cv-00737-GLR and 1:23-cv-01513-GLR with case number 1:23-cv-00737-GLR as the lead case and kept the stay in place. After the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit affirmed dismissal of the Mallozzi class action on October 15, 2025, plaintiffs in the consolidated action filed a Consent Motion for Voluntary Dismissal on October 20, 2025. On October 21, 2025, the United States Court for the District of Maryland granted the dismissal. On May 9, 2024, a fifth derivative action lawsuit was filed against the Company and certain of its officers and directors. The case was named Gary A Gedig, derivatively on behalf of Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. v. Paul Smithers, Catherine Hastings, Ben Regin, Andy Bui, Tracy Hager, Alan Gold, Gary A. Kreitzer, Mary Curran, Scott Shoemaker, M.D., and David Stecher, and Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., Civil No. C-24-CV-24-000130, and filed in the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland. Plaintiff and defendants in this action filed a Joint Stipulation to Stay the Proceedings, which was granted on September 17, 2024. This derivative action relates to the same allegations as those made in the Mallozzi class action, detailed above, and remains pending. On February 12, 2025, a derivative action lawsuit was filed against the Company and certain of its officers and directors. The case was named Joshua Steffens, derivatively on behalf of Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. v. Alan Gold, Paul Smithers, David Smith, Ben Regin, Gary Kreitzer, Gary Stecher, Scott Shoemaker, Mary Allis Curran, and Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., Case Number 1:25-cv-00456-ABA, and was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland. The lawsuit asserts putative derivative claims for violations of the Exchange Act, breach of fiduciary duty, aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, waste of corporate assets, and contribution against the directors and certain officers of the Company. The plaintiffs are seeking an undetermined amount of damages, interest, an accounting and constructive trust, punitive damages, and attorneys’ fees and costs. On February 18, 2025, the case was reassigned and given Case Number 1:25-cv-00456-GLR. On February 19, 2025, the United States Court for the District of Maryland consolidated Case Nos. 1:25-cv-00469-BAH (detailed below) with case number 1:25-cv-00456-GLR as the lead case, which is stayed. Plaintiff and defendants in this action filed a Joint Stipulation and Order Staying the Consolidated Action, which was granted on March 13, 2025. This derivative action relates to the same allegations as those made in the Giraudon class action, detailed above. On February 13, 2025, a derivative action lawsuit was filed against the Company and certain of its officers and directors. The case was named Joshua Albers, derivatively on behalf of Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. v. Alan Gold, Paul Smithers, David Smith, Ben Regin, Gary Kreitzer, Gary Stecher, Scott Shoemaker, Mary Allis Curran, and Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., Case Number 1:25-cv-00469-BAH, and was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland. The lawsuit asserts putative derivative claims for violations of the Exchange Act, breach of fiduciary duty, aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, waste of corporate assets, and contribution against the directors and certain officers of the Company. The plaintiffs are seeking an undetermined amount of damages, interest, reform, punitive damages, and attorneys’ fees and costs. On February 19, 2025, the United States Court for the District of Maryland consolidated Case Nos. 1:25-cv-00469-BAH with case number 1:25-cv-00456-GLR as the lead case. This derivative action also relates to the same allegations as those made in the Giraudon class action, detailed above. On August 14, 2025 and August 21, 2025, two derivative action lawsuits were filed against the Company and certain of its officers and directors in the Circuit Court for Baltimore County, Maryland: Joann Crepaz, derivatively on behalf of Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. v. Alan Gold, David Boyle, Mary Curran, Catherine Hastings, Gary Kreitzer, Ben Regin, Scott Shoemaker, David Smith, Paul Smithers, David Stecher, and Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., Case Number C-03-CV-25-003997, and Edward Ramos, derivatively on behalf of Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. v. Alan Gold, David Boyle, Mary Curran, Catherine Hastings, Gary Kreitzer, Ben Regin, Scott Shoemaker, David Smith, Paul Smithers, David Stecher, and Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc., Case Number C-03-CV-25-004083. Each complaint asserts putative derivative claims for breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment against certain directors and officers and seeks an undetermined amount of damages, reform, restitution, and attorneys’ fees and costs. On September 18, 2025, the parties filed a joint motion to consolidate the actions, which the court granted on October 23, 2025, designating the Crepaz action as the lead case. These derivative actions relate to the same allegations as those asserted in the Giraudon class action described above and were stayed pending resolution of the Giraudon motion to dismiss, by an order of the Circuit Court of Baltimore Count, Maryland that was issued on February 13, 2026. On November 19, 2025, a derivative action lawsuit was filed against the Company and certain of its officers and directors. The case was named James Loen, derivatively on behalf of Nominal Defendant Innovative Industrial Properties v. Alan Gold, Paul Smithers, David Smith, Ben Regin, Gary Kreitzer, Scott Shoemaker, Catherine Hastings, David Stecher, and Mary Curran, Case Number 1:25-cv-03786, and was filed in the United States District Court of Maryland. The lawsuit asserts putative derivative claims for breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment against the directors and certain officers of the Company. The plaintiff is seeking an undetermined amount of damages, reform, restitution, and attorneys’ fees and costs. On January 23, 2026, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss plaintiff’s claims. The deadline for plaintiff to file a response is March 9, 2026, and defendants have thirty days thereafter to file a reply. On February 3, 2026, the defendants filed a motion to consolidate the Loen lawsuit with the Steffens and Albers consolidated action, 1:25-cv-00456. On February 17, 2026, the parties filed a Joint Stipulation and Order Staying Action pursuant to which the parties agreed to stay the lawsuit until the resolution of the Giraudon class action. The stay can be lifted before then by either party with 30 days’ notice. The Company intends to vigorously defend each of these lawsuits. However, at this time, the Company cannot predict the probable outcome of these actions, and, accordingly, no amounts have been accrued in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. SEC Investigation On February 13, 2026, the Company was notified that the SEC is conducting a formal investigation of the Company concerning matters generally similar to those alleged in the Giraudon case and related derivative lawsuits. On the same date, the Company received a subpoena from the Denver Regional Office of the Division of Enforcement of the SEC requesting the production of documents and information related to the investigation. The Company intends to cooperate fully with the SEC. We may, from time to time, be a party to other legal proceedings, which arise in the ordinary course of our business. Although the results of these proceedings, claims, inquiries, and investigations cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the final outcome of these matters is reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. Regardless of final outcomes, however, any such proceedings, claims, inquiries, and investigations may nonetheless impose a significant burden on management and employees and may come with significant defense costs or unfavorable preliminary and interim rulings. At this stage of the investigation, the Company believes that a loss is neither probable or estimable. Deferred Compensation Plan. In November 2019, we adopted the Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Plan”), which allows a select group of management and non-employee directors to defer receipt of their compensation, including up to 80% of base salary, 100% of bonus, 100% of director fees and 100% of restricted equity awards. The Plan assets are held in a rabbi trust which is consolidated and included in the consolidated financial statements.
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| Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment Information | Segment Information During the fourth quarter of 2025, in connection with our significant financial investments in the life science industry, we began managing the business through two reportable segments based on portfolio type. This change reflects how our CODM evaluates performance and allocates resources. The CODM is our President and Chief Executive Officer. Our reportable segments consist of the following as of December 31, 2025: •Cannabis Portfolio Segment, which primarily includes the acquisition, development and redevelopment, and leasing of real estate properties to regulated cannabis operators on a long-term triple-net basis. •Life Science Portfolio Segment, which includes the investments in the IQHQ Credit Facility, IQHQ Preferred Stock and IQHQ Warrant. The CODM evaluates the performance of each reportable segment and allocates resources based on the net income of each segment. Items that are not directly assignable to a reportable segment are reflected as Unallocated due to how our CODM utilizes segment information for planning and execution of our business strategy. Total capital expenditures are reviewed by the CODM on a consolidated basis as presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows. All of our operations are conducted within the United States. The segment net income, including significant segment expenses that are regularly reviewed by the CODM, for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, and the total segment assets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, are presented in the tables below (in thousands):
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Subsequent Events |
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Dec. 31, 2025 | |
| Subsequent Events [Abstract] | |
| Subsequent Events | Subsequent Events Issuance of Preferred Stock In January 2026, we sold 1,794,323 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to the ATM Program for net proceeds of $40.4 million. Revolving Credit Facility Subsequent to December 31, 2025, the Company drew $5.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility and repaid $20.0 million of outstanding borrowings on the facility. As of February 24, 2026, the outstanding balance was $12.5 million.
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SCHEDULE III - REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION |
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| SEC Schedule, 12-28, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SCHEDULE III - REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION | INNOVATIVE INDUSTRIAL PROPERTIES, INC. SCHEDULE III - REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION As of December 31, 2025 (In thousands)
________________________________________________________ (1)As of December 31, 2025, all or a portion of the property was under development or redevelopment. (2)This property was sold in April 2025 but the transaction did not qualify for recognition as a completed sale under GAAP. As such, the property remains on the consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 6 “Investments in Real Estate” for more information. (3)As of December 31, 2025, these properties were vacant and excluded from our operating portfolio. (4)As of December 31, 2025, these properties were leased to non-cannabis tenants. (5)Building and improvements balance includes Construction in progress. As of December 31, 2025, the aggregate gross cost of the properties included above for federal income tax purposes was $2.5 billion, which excludes one property that was sold in April 2025 that did not qualify for recognition as a completed sale under GAAP but is recognized as a sale for tax purposes. A reconciliation of historical cost and related accumulated depreciation is as follows (in thousands):
________________________________________________________ (1)During the year ended December 31, 2024, a $3.2 million acquisition of real estate which previously did not satisfy the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting was reclassified to real estate held for investment as the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting were satisfied.
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Insider Trading Arrangements |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2025 | |
| Trading Arrangements, by Individual | |
| Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted | false |
| Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted | false |
| Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated | false |
| Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated | false |
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2025 | |
| Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items] | |
| Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted | true |
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2025 | |
| Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items] | |
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block] | Risk Management and Strategy Our corporate information technology, communication networks, enterprise applications, accounting and financial reporting platforms, and related systems are necessary for the operation of our business. We use these systems, among others, to manage our tenant and vendor relationships, for internal communications, for accounting and record-keeping functions, and for many other key aspects of our business. Our business operations rely on the secure collection, storage, transmission, and other processing of proprietary, confidential, and sensitive data. We have implemented and maintain various information security processes designed to identify, assess and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats to our critical computer networks, third-party hosted services, communications systems, hardware and software, and our critical data, including confidential information that is proprietary, strategic or competitive in nature, and tenant data (“Information Systems and Data”). We rely on a multidisciplinary team, as described further below, to identify, assess, and manage cybersecurity threats and risks. We identify and assess risks from cybersecurity threats by monitoring and evaluating our threat environment and our risk profile using various methods including, for example, using manual and automated tools, analyzing reports of threats and threat actors, conducting scans of the threat environment, evaluating our industry’s risk profile, and conducting threat and vulnerability assessments. Depending on the environment, we implement and maintain various technical, physical, and organizational measures, processes, standards, and/or policies designed to manage and mitigate material risks from cybersecurity threats to our Information Systems and Data, including risk assessments, incident detection and response, vulnerability management, disaster recovery and business continuity plans, internal controls within our accounting and financial reporting functions, encryption of data, network security controls, access controls, physical security, systems monitoring, employee training, and penetration testing. To operate our business, we utilize certain third-party service providers to perform a variety of functions. We seek to engage reliable, reputable service providers that maintain cybersecurity programs. Depending on the nature of the services provided, the sensitivity and quantity of information processed, and the identity of the service provider, our vendor management process may include reviewing the cybersecurity practices of such provider, conducting security assessments, and conducting periodic reassessments during their engagement. We are not aware of any risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any cybersecurity incidents, which have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. Refer to “Item 1A. Risk factors” in this annual report on Form 10-K, including “The occurrence of cyber incidents or cyberattacks could disrupt our operations, result in the loss of confidential information and/or damage our business relationships and reputation,” for additional discussion about cybersecurity-related risks.
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| Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag] | true |
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block] | We have implemented and maintain various information security processes designed to identify, assess and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats to our critical computer networks, third-party hosted services, communications systems, hardware and software, and our critical data, including confidential information that is proprietary, strategic or competitive in nature, and tenant data (“Information Systems and Data”). We rely on a multidisciplinary team, as described further below, to identify, assess, and manage cybersecurity threats and risks. We identify and assess risks from cybersecurity threats by monitoring and evaluating our threat environment and our risk profile using various methods including, for example, using manual and automated tools, analyzing reports of threats and threat actors, conducting scans of the threat environment, evaluating our industry’s risk profile, and conducting threat and vulnerability assessments. Depending on the environment, we implement and maintain various technical, physical, and organizational measures, processes, standards, and/or policies designed to manage and mitigate material risks from cybersecurity threats to our Information Systems and Data, including risk assessments, incident detection and response, vulnerability management, disaster recovery and business continuity plans, internal controls within our accounting and financial reporting functions, encryption of data, network security controls, access controls, physical security, systems monitoring, employee training, and penetration testing.
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| Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag] | true |
| Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag] | true |
| Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag] | false |
| Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block] | Governance Our board of directors holds oversight responsibility over our strategy and risk management, including material risks related to cybersecurity threats. This oversight is executed directly by the Board of Directors and through its committees. The audit committee of the board of directors oversees the management of systemic risks, including cybersecurity, in accordance with its charter. The audit committee engages in regular discussions with management regarding our significant financial risk exposures and the measures implemented to monitor and control these risks, including those that may result from material cybersecurity threats. Our management, represented by our Chief Operating Officer, Catherine Hastings, leads our cybersecurity risk assessment and management processes and oversees their implementation and maintenance. Ms. Hastings is an experienced risk management professional, having previously served as our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer from 2017 until March 2023, and as Vice President, internal audit of BioMed Realty Trust, Inc. (formerly NYSE: BMR) until December 2016, having joined BioMed Realty in 2009. Ms. Hastings currently oversees key functions for our development, asset management, human resources and information technology functions, including cybersecurity risk oversight and the development and enhancement of internal controls designed to prevent, detect, address, and mitigate the risk of cyber incidents. Since 2016, we have retained a third-party information technology specialist to develop and maintain our information technology infrastructure and network, who has extensive experience in the development of business processes, system infrastructure design and cybersecurity for large-scale, institutional real estate companies. Management is responsible for helping to integrate cybersecurity risk considerations into our overall risk management strategy, and communicating key priorities to relevant personnel. Management is responsible for approving cybersecurity processes, reviewing cybersecurity assessments and other cybersecurity-related matters, and responding to cybersecurity incidents, including reporting to the audit committee for certain cybersecurity incidents. Our management team also evaluates the potential impact of cybersecurity incidents to determine materiality. This evaluation considers factors such as the nature and scope of the incident, and its effects on operations, assets, or reputation. The audit committee holds quarterly meetings and receives periodic reports from management, including our Chief Operating Officer and third-party information technology expert, concerning our significant cybersecurity threats and risks and the processes we have implemented to address them.
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| Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] | Our board of directors holds oversight responsibility over our strategy and risk management, including material risks related to cybersecurity threats. This oversight is executed directly by the Board of Directors and through its committees. The audit committee of the board of directors oversees the management of systemic risks, including cybersecurity, in accordance with its charter. |
| Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] | The audit committee holds quarterly meetings and receives periodic reports from management, including our Chief Operating Officer and third-party information technology expert, concerning our significant cybersecurity threats and risks and the processes we have implemented to address them. |
| Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block] | Our management, represented by our Chief Operating Officer, Catherine Hastings, leads our cybersecurity risk assessment and management processes and oversees their implementation and maintenance. Ms. Hastings is an experienced risk management professional, having previously served as our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer from 2017 until March 2023, and as Vice President, internal audit of BioMed Realty Trust, Inc. (formerly NYSE: BMR) until December 2016, having joined BioMed Realty in 2009. Ms. Hastings currently oversees key functions for our development, asset management, human resources and information technology functions, including cybersecurity risk oversight and the development and enhancement of internal controls designed to prevent, detect, address, and mitigate the risk of cyber incidents. Since 2016, we have retained a third-party information technology specialist to develop and maintain our information technology infrastructure and network, who has extensive experience in the development of business processes, system infrastructure design and cybersecurity for large-scale, institutional real estate companies. Management is responsible for helping to integrate cybersecurity risk considerations into our overall risk management strategy, and communicating key priorities to relevant personnel. Management is responsible for approving cybersecurity processes, reviewing cybersecurity assessments and other cybersecurity-related matters, and responding to cybersecurity incidents, including reporting to the audit committee for certain cybersecurity incidents. Our management team also evaluates the potential impact of cybersecurity incidents to determine materiality. This evaluation considers factors such as the nature and scope of the incident, and its effects on operations, assets, or reputation. The audit committee holds quarterly meetings and receives periodic reports from management, including our Chief Operating Officer and third-party information technology expert, concerning our significant cybersecurity threats and risks and the processes we have implemented to address them.
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| Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag] | true |
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block] | Chief Operating Officer, Catherine Hastings |
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block] | Ms. Hastings is an experienced risk management professional, having previously served as our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer from 2017 until March 2023, and as Vice President, internal audit of BioMed Realty Trust, Inc. (formerly NYSE: BMR) until December 2016, having joined BioMed Realty in 2009. |
| Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block] | Management is responsible for helping to integrate cybersecurity risk considerations into our overall risk management strategy, and communicating key priorities to relevant personnel. Management is responsible for approving cybersecurity processes, reviewing cybersecurity assessments and other cybersecurity-related matters, and responding to cybersecurity incidents, including reporting to the audit committee for certain cybersecurity incidents. Our management team also evaluates the potential impact of cybersecurity incidents to determine materiality. This evaluation considers factors such as the nature and scope of the incident, and its effects on operations, assets, or reputation. |
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag] | true |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Procedures and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Policies) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2025 | |
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
| Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation. The consolidated financial statements, which include all of the accounts of the Company, are presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP").
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| Federal Income Taxes | Federal Income Taxes. We believe that we have operated our business so as to qualify to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Under the REIT operating structure, we are permitted to deduct dividends paid to our stockholders in determining our taxable income. Assuming our dividends equal or exceed our taxable net income, we generally will not be required to pay federal corporate income taxes on such income. The income taxes recorded on our consolidated statements of income represent amounts paid for city and state income and franchise taxes and are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
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| Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make a number of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates and assumptions. The most significant estimates and assumptions made include determination of lease accounting and fair value of acquisition of real estate properties.
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| Reportable Segment | Reportable Segments. We define our reportable segments based on the manner in which our chief operating decision maker ("CODM") makes key operating decisions, evaluates financial performance, allocates resources and manages our business. This approach aligns with our internal reporting structure and reflects the economic characteristics and nature of our operations. During the year ended December 31, 2025, based on changes in the manner in which the Company's CODM evaluates operating performance and allocates resources, the Company determined that it has two reportable segments: Cannabis Portfolio and Life Science Portfolio. Certain costs that are not associated with the ongoing operations, including general corporate expense, are not allocated to the reportable segments. |
| Acquisition and Sale of Real Estate Properties | Acquisition of Real Estate Properties. Our investment in real estate is recorded at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation. Upon acquisition of a property, the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are initially measured based upon their relative fair values. We estimate the fair value of land by reviewing comparable sales within the same submarket and/or region. We estimate the fair value of buildings and improvements as if the property was vacant utilizing a direct capitalization approach and take into consideration current replacement costs and other relevant market rate information and may engage third-party valuation specialists. Acquisition costs are capitalized as incurred. All of our acquisitions to date were recorded as asset acquisitions. The fair value of acquired in-place leases is derived based on our assessment of estimated lost revenue and costs incurred for the period required to lease the “assumed vacant” property to the occupancy level when purchased. The amounts recorded for acquired in-place leases are reflected as in-place lease intangible assets, net on the consolidated balance sheets and are amortized on a straight-line basis as a component of depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining term of the applicable leases. The fair value of the above-market component of an acquired in-place operating lease is based upon the present value (calculated using a market discount rate) of the difference between (i) the contractual rents to be paid pursuant to the lease over its remaining non-cancellable lease term and (ii) our estimate of the rents that would be paid using fair market rental rates and rent escalations at the date of acquisition measured over the remaining non-cancellable term of the lease. The amount recorded for one above-market operating lease is included in other assets, net on the consolidated balance sheets and is amortized on a straight-line basis as a reduction of rental income over the remaining term of the applicable lease. Certain acquisitions of real estate did not satisfy the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting and therefore as of both December 31, 2025 and 2024, acquisitions of $16.8 million, respectively, have been recognized as notes receivable and are included in other assets, net on our consolidated balance sheets. During the year ended December 31, 2024, a $3.2 million acquisition of real estate which previously did not satisfy the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting was reclassified to real estate held for investment as the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting were satisfied. Sale of Real Estate. When a real estate asset is sold, we evaluate the provisions of ASC 610-20, Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (“ASC 610-20”) to determine whether the asset is within the scope of ASC 610-20, including an evaluation of whether the asset being sold is a nonfinancial asset and whether the buyer has gained control of an asset within the scope of ASC 610-20. In assessing whether the buyer has gained control of the asset, we must determine whether the contract criteria in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) have been met, including 1) the parties to the contract have approved the contract and the contract has commercial substance, 2) we can identify each party’s rights regarding the asset to be transferred, 3) we can identify the payment terms for the asset to be transferred, and 4) it is probable that we will collect substantially all of the consideration to which we will be entitled in exchange for the asset to be transferred. If all of the contract criteria have been met, the carrying amount of the applicable asset is derecognized with a corresponding gain or loss from the sale recognized in our consolidated statements of income. If the contract criteria are not all met, the asset transferred is not derecognized and we continue to report the asset in our consolidated balance sheet.
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| Cost Capitalization and Depreciation | Cost Capitalization and Depreciation. We capitalize costs (including interest) associated with development and redevelopment activities and improvements when we are considered to be the accounting owner of the resulting assets. The development and redevelopment activities may be funded by us pursuant to the lease. We are generally considered the accounting owner for such improvements that are attached to or built into the premises, which are required under the lease to be surrendered to us upon the expiration or earlier termination of the lease. Typically, such improvements include, but are not limited to, ground up development, and enhanced HVAC, plumbing, electrical and other building systems. Amounts capitalized are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives determined by management. We depreciate buildings and improvements based on our evaluation of the estimated useful life of each specific asset, not to exceed 40 years. For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, we recognized depreciation expense of $73.0 million, $69.9 million and $66.3 million, respectively, which are included in depreciation and amortization expense in our consolidated statements of income. We depreciate office equipment and furniture and fixtures on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives ranging from to seven years. We depreciate the leasehold improvements at our corporate office on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful lives or the remaining lease term. Depreciation expense relating to our corporate assets is included in general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of income. Determining whether expenditures meet the criteria for capitalization and the assignment of depreciable lives requires management to exercise judgment. Project costs that are clearly associated with the acquisition and development or redevelopment of a real estate project, for which we are the accounting owner, are capitalized as a cost of that project. Expenditures that meet one or more of the following criteria generally qualify for capitalization: •the expenditure provides benefit in future periods; and •the expenditure extends the useful life of the asset beyond our original estimates. We define redevelopment properties as existing properties for which we expect to spend significant development and construction costs that are not reimbursements to tenants for improvements at the properties. When existing properties are determined to be redevelopment properties, the net carrying value of the buildings and improvements are transferred to construction in progress while the redevelopment activities are in process. Costs capitalized to construction in progress related to redevelopment properties are transferred to buildings and improvements at historical cost of the properties as the redevelopment project or phases of projects are placed in service.
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| Provision for Impairment | Provision for Impairment. On a quarterly basis, we review current activities and changes in the business conditions of all of our properties prior to and subsequent to the end of each quarter to determine the existence of any triggering events or impairment indicators requiring an impairment analysis. If triggering events or impairment indicators are identified, we review an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows for the properties. Long-lived assets are individually evaluated for impairment when conditions exist that may indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset to be held and used is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Impairment indicators or triggering events for long-lived assets to be held and used are assessed by project and include significant fluctuations in estimated net operating income, occupancy changes, significant near-term lease expirations, current and historical operating and/or cash flow losses, construction costs, estimated completion dates, rental rates, and other market factors. We assess the expected undiscounted cash flows based upon numerous factors, including, but not limited to, construction costs, available market information, current and historical operating results, known trends, current market/economic conditions that may affect the property, and our assumptions about the use of the asset, including, if necessary, a probability-weighted approach if multiple outcomes are under consideration. Upon determination that an impairment has occurred, a write-down is recognized to reduce the carrying amount to its estimated fair value. We may adjust depreciation of properties that are expected to be disposed of or redeveloped prior to the end of their useful lives. During the year ended December 31, 2025, we recognized an impairment loss on real estate of $3.5 million related to one of our properties in Palm Springs, California, which was under contract for sale and sold in June 2025. No impairment losses were recognized during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
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| Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition. Our leases are triple-net leases, an arrangement under which the tenant maintains the property while paying us rent. We recognize revenue for each of the leases at our properties that are classified as operating leases on a cash basis due to the uncertain regulatory environment in the United States pertaining to the regulated cannabis industry, the limited operating history of certain tenants and the resulting uncertainty of collectability of lease payments from each tenant over the duration of the lease term. We evaluate a number of factors in our initial and ongoing assessments of collectability of lease payments for each tenant on a lease-by-lease basis, including evaluations of each tenant’s financial performance, liquidity and overall credit profile, availability and terms of capital for each tenant needed to conduct operations or refinance existing obligations, utilization rates by property and lease duration. We also consider current market conditions, impact of federal, state and local taxation and regulatory burdens and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions. Additionally, for operating leases, contractually obligated reimbursements from tenants for recoverable real estate taxes, insurance and operating expenses are included in rental revenues in the period when such costs are reimbursed by the tenants. Contractually obligated real estate taxes that are paid directly by the tenant to the tax authorities are not reflected in our consolidated financial statements.
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| Investments | Life Science Investments. Life science investments consist of an investment in the IQHQ Preferred Stock (as defined in Note 7 "Life Science Investments"), which also includes the IQHQ Warrant (as defined in Note 7) and related financial instruments. Life science investments also consist of an investment in the IQHQ Credit Facility (as defined in Note 7), which was funded in connection with the investments in the IQHQ Preferred Stock and IQHQ Warrant and were, therefore, evaluated together and initially measured based on relative fair value (see Note 10 "Fair Value of Financial Instruments"). The Company does not have significant influence over IQHQ (as defined in Note 7), and the investments in the equity securities of IQHQ do not have a readily determinable fair value. As such, the investments in the equity securities of IQHQ are carried under the measurement alternative of ASC 321, Investments - Equity Securities, which is cost (as initially measured based on relative fair value), less impairment and adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investment of the same issuer. As of December 31, 2025, there were no impairments or adjustments to the carrying value of the investments in the equity securities of IQHQ as a result of observable price changes. Dividend income on the investment in the IQHQ Preferred Stock is recognized on an accrual basis and is included in interest and other income in our consolidated statements of income. The investment in the IQHQ Credit Facility is recorded at amortized cost (as initially measured based on relative fair value) and is evaluated for current expected credit loss using relevant information from internal and external sources, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts in accordance with ASC 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses ("CECL Standard"). No allowance for credit losses has been recorded as of December 31, 2025. Interest income on the investment in the IQHQ Credit Facility is recognized using the effective interest method over the estimated life of the note and is included in interest and other income in our consolidated statements of income.Investments. Investments consist of short-term obligations of the U.S. government and certificates of deposit with an original maturity at the time of purchase of greater than 90 days. Investments in obligations of the U.S. government are classified as held-to-maturity and stated at amortized cost. Investments in certificates of deposit are classified as held-to-maturity and stated at cost. Investment income is included in interest and other income in our consolidated statements of income.
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| Construction Loan | Construction Loan. In June 2021, we executed a construction loan agreement with a developer, pursuant to which we agreed to lend up to $23.0 million for the development of a regulated cannabis cultivation and processing facility in California (the "Construction Loan"). We have an option to purchase the property, and may execute a negotiated lease with an affiliate of the developer or with another third party, if we determine to exercise our purchase option. As of both December 31, 2025 and 2024, we had funded $22.8 million, respectively, of the Construction Loan. The Construction Loan is recorded at the amount funded and is evaluated for current expected credit loss in accordance with CECL Standard. No allowance for credit losses has been recorded as of December 31, 2025. Interest income on the Construction Loan is recognized on a cash basis and is included in interest and other income in our consolidated statements of income. The borrower exercised the option to extend the maturity date to December 31, 2026 with the satisfaction of certain conditions. |
| Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents. We consider all highly-liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents, which is comprised of short-term money market funds, obligations of the U.S. government and certificates of deposit with an original maturity at the time of purchase of less than or equal to 90 days.
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| Restricted Cash | Restricted Cash. Restricted cash related to cash held in escrow accounts for future draws for improvements for tenants in accordance with certain lease agreements. The Company had no restricted cash balance as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.
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| Deferred Financing Costs | Deferred Financing Costs. The deferred financing costs relating to our Notes due 2026 are included as a reduction in the net book value of the related liability on our consolidated balance sheets. These costs are amortized as non-cash interest expense using the effective interest method over the life of the related obligations. Deferred financing costs relating to our Revolving Credit Facility and Life Science Credit Facility (as defined in Note 8 "Debt") are included in other assets, net in our consolidated balance sheets. These costs are being amortized on a straight-line basis and recognized as non-cash interest expense over the remaining term of the Revolving Credit Facility and Life Science Credit Facility.
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| Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation. Stock-based compensation for equity awards is based on the grant date fair value of the equity awards and is recognized over the requisite service or performance period. If awards are forfeited prior to vesting, we reverse any previously recognized expense related to such awards in the period during which the forfeiture occurs and reclassify any non-forfeitable dividends and dividend equivalents previously paid on these awards from retained earnings to compensation expense. Forfeitures are recognized as incurred. Certain equity awards are subject to vesting based upon the satisfaction of various market conditions. Forfeiture of share awards with market-based restrictions does not result in a reversal of previously recognized share-based compensation expense.
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| Lease Accounting | Lease Accounting. We account for our leases under ASC 842, Leases, and have elected the practical expedient not to separate certain non-lease components from the lease component if the timing and pattern of transfer are the same for the non-lease component and associated lease component, and the lease component would be classified as an operating lease if accounted for separately. We also elected the short-term lease exception for lessees for leases that are less than 12 months. As lessee, we recognized a liability to account for our future obligations and a corresponding right-of-use asset related to our corporate office lease, which ends in January 2027 and contains annual escalations. We measured the lease liability based on the present value of the future lease payments (excluding the extension option that we are not reasonably certain to exercise), discounted using the estimated incremental borrowing rates of 7.25% and 5.5%, which were the interest rates that we estimated we would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term for an amount equal to the lease payments at initial commencement in December 2019 and upon an amendment in November 2021, respectively. Subsequently, the lease liability is accreted by applying a discount rate established at the lease commencement date to the lease liability balance as of the beginning of the period and is reduced by the payments made during the period. The right-of-use asset is measured based on the corresponding lease liability. We did not incur any initial direct leasing costs and any other consideration exchanged with the landlord prior to the commencement of the lease. Subsequently, the right-of-use asset is amortized on a straight-line basis during the lease term. For each of the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, we recognized office lease expense of $0.5 million, which are included in general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of income. For each of the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, amounts paid and classified as operating activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows for the office lease were $0.5 million. As lessor, for each of our real estate transactions involving the leaseback of the related property to the seller or affiliates of the seller, we determine whether these transactions qualify as sale and leaseback transactions under the accounting guidance. For these transactions, we consider various inputs and assumptions including, but not necessarily limited to, lease terms, renewal options, discount rates, and other rights and provisions in the purchase and sale agreement, lease and other documentation to determine whether control has been transferred to the Company or remains with the lessee. A transaction involving a sale leaseback will be treated as a purchase of a real estate property if it is considered to transfer control of the underlying asset from the lessee. A lease will be classified as direct-financing if risks and rewards are conveyed without the transfer of control and will be classified as a sales-type lease if control of the underlying asset is transferred to the lessee. Otherwise, the lease is treated as an operating lease. These criteria also include estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value of the leased facilities, minimum lease payments, the economic useful life of the facilities, the existence of a purchase option, and certain other terms in the lease agreements. The lease accounting guidance requires accounting for a transaction as a financing in a sale leaseback when the seller-lessee is provided an option to purchase the property from the landlord at the tenant’s option. Substantially all of our leases continued to be classified as operating leases and we continue to record revenue for each of our properties on a cash basis. Our tenant reimbursable revenue and property expenses continue to be presented on a gross basis as rental revenues and as property expenses, respectively, on our consolidated statements of income. Property taxes paid directly by the lessee to a third party continue to be excluded from our consolidated financial statements. Lease amendments are evaluated to determine if the modification grants the lessee an additional right-of-use not included in the original lease and if the lease payments increase commensurate with the standalone price of the additional right-of-use, adjusted for the circumstances of the particular contract. If both conditions are present, the lease amendment is accounted for as a new lease that is separate from the original lease. In January 2024, the lease modifications for two of our leases to extend the initial term of each lease changed the lease classification from operating lease to sales-type lease that did not satisfy all the criteria for recognition as a completed sale. Accordingly, we continue to recognize the underlying assets within net real estate held for investment and all lease payments received, as well as any future lease payments, will be recognized as a deposit liability and will be included in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets until certain criteria are met. As of December 31, 2025, we have received lease payments of $5.0 million that have been included in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. The underlying assets’ land and building and improvements had a gross carrying value of $4.1 million and $28.9 million, respectively, and accumulated depreciation of $4.4 million as of December 31, 2025. Our leases generally contain options to extend the lease terms at the prevailing market rate or at the expiring rental rate at the time of expiration. Certain of our leases provide the lessee with a right of first refusal or right of first offer in the event we market the leased property for sale.
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| Lease Accounting | Lease Accounting. We account for our leases under ASC 842, Leases, and have elected the practical expedient not to separate certain non-lease components from the lease component if the timing and pattern of transfer are the same for the non-lease component and associated lease component, and the lease component would be classified as an operating lease if accounted for separately. We also elected the short-term lease exception for lessees for leases that are less than 12 months. As lessee, we recognized a liability to account for our future obligations and a corresponding right-of-use asset related to our corporate office lease, which ends in January 2027 and contains annual escalations. We measured the lease liability based on the present value of the future lease payments (excluding the extension option that we are not reasonably certain to exercise), discounted using the estimated incremental borrowing rates of 7.25% and 5.5%, which were the interest rates that we estimated we would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term for an amount equal to the lease payments at initial commencement in December 2019 and upon an amendment in November 2021, respectively. Subsequently, the lease liability is accreted by applying a discount rate established at the lease commencement date to the lease liability balance as of the beginning of the period and is reduced by the payments made during the period. The right-of-use asset is measured based on the corresponding lease liability. We did not incur any initial direct leasing costs and any other consideration exchanged with the landlord prior to the commencement of the lease. Subsequently, the right-of-use asset is amortized on a straight-line basis during the lease term. For each of the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, we recognized office lease expense of $0.5 million, which are included in general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of income. For each of the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, amounts paid and classified as operating activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows for the office lease were $0.5 million. As lessor, for each of our real estate transactions involving the leaseback of the related property to the seller or affiliates of the seller, we determine whether these transactions qualify as sale and leaseback transactions under the accounting guidance. For these transactions, we consider various inputs and assumptions including, but not necessarily limited to, lease terms, renewal options, discount rates, and other rights and provisions in the purchase and sale agreement, lease and other documentation to determine whether control has been transferred to the Company or remains with the lessee. A transaction involving a sale leaseback will be treated as a purchase of a real estate property if it is considered to transfer control of the underlying asset from the lessee. A lease will be classified as direct-financing if risks and rewards are conveyed without the transfer of control and will be classified as a sales-type lease if control of the underlying asset is transferred to the lessee. Otherwise, the lease is treated as an operating lease. These criteria also include estimates and assumptions regarding the fair value of the leased facilities, minimum lease payments, the economic useful life of the facilities, the existence of a purchase option, and certain other terms in the lease agreements. The lease accounting guidance requires accounting for a transaction as a financing in a sale leaseback when the seller-lessee is provided an option to purchase the property from the landlord at the tenant’s option. Substantially all of our leases continued to be classified as operating leases and we continue to record revenue for each of our properties on a cash basis. Our tenant reimbursable revenue and property expenses continue to be presented on a gross basis as rental revenues and as property expenses, respectively, on our consolidated statements of income. Property taxes paid directly by the lessee to a third party continue to be excluded from our consolidated financial statements. Lease amendments are evaluated to determine if the modification grants the lessee an additional right-of-use not included in the original lease and if the lease payments increase commensurate with the standalone price of the additional right-of-use, adjusted for the circumstances of the particular contract. If both conditions are present, the lease amendment is accounted for as a new lease that is separate from the original lease. In January 2024, the lease modifications for two of our leases to extend the initial term of each lease changed the lease classification from operating lease to sales-type lease that did not satisfy all the criteria for recognition as a completed sale. Accordingly, we continue to recognize the underlying assets within net real estate held for investment and all lease payments received, as well as any future lease payments, will be recognized as a deposit liability and will be included in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets until certain criteria are met. As of December 31, 2025, we have received lease payments of $5.0 million that have been included in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. The underlying assets’ land and building and improvements had a gross carrying value of $4.1 million and $28.9 million, respectively, and accumulated depreciation of $4.4 million as of December 31, 2025. Our leases generally contain options to extend the lease terms at the prevailing market rate or at the expiring rental rate at the time of expiration. Certain of our leases provide the lessee with a right of first refusal or right of first offer in the event we market the leased property for sale.
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| Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The amendments in ASU 2024-03 require entities to provide enhanced disclosures related to certain expense categories included in income statement captions. Under ASU 2024-03, entities are required to disaggregate, in a tabular format, expense captions presented on the face of the income statement — excluding earnings or losses from equity method investments — if they include any of the following expense categories: purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization, and depreciation, depletion, and amortization recognized as part of oil and gas-producing activities (or other amounts of depletion expense). For any remaining items within each relevant expense caption, entities must provide a qualitative description of the nature of those expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. We expect to adopt this ASU on January 1, 2027. While the adoption is not expected to have an impact on our consolidated financial statements, it is expected to result in incremental disclosures within the footnotes to our consolidated financial statements.
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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Procedures and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Tables) |
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| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Major Tenants by Rental Revenue | The following tables set forth the five tenants in our portfolio that represented the largest percentage of our total rental revenues for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, including tenant reimbursements:
________________________________________________________ (1)See Note 6 "Investment in Real Estate - Lease Amendments" for further information about the leases with PharmaCann. (2)We regained possession of two properties previously leased to Parallel in Texas and Pennsylvania in 2024.
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Dividends (Tables) |
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| Schedule of Dividends Declared | The following table describes the dividends declared by the Company during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023:
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Investments in Real Estate (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real Estate [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Real Estate Properties | The Company made the following acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2025 (dollars in thousands):
________________________________________________________ (1)Includes expected rentable square feet at completion of construction at the property. (2)$0.6 million was allocated to land and $7.2 million was allocated to building and improvements.
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| Schedule of Intangible Assets and Related Accumulated Amortization | In-place lease intangible assets and related accumulated amortization as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows (in thousands):
The above-market lease and related accumulated amortization included in other assets, net on our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows (in thousands):
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| Schedule of Estimated Annual Amortization | The remaining weighted-average amortization period of the value of acquired in-place leases was 7.7 years, and the estimated annual amortization of the value of the acquired in-place leases as of December 31, 2025 is as follows (in thousands):
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| Schedule of Future Contractual Minimum Rent | Future contractual minimum rent (including base rent and property management fees) to be received on our leases as of December 31, 2025 for future periods is summarized as follows (in thousands):
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Life Science Investments (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Carrying Value of Investments | The following table details the carrying value of our life science investments, including the value of the forward contract to purchase the remaining minimum commitment of IQHQ Preferred Stock (in thousands):
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Debt (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Interest Expense | The following table details our interest expense related to the Exchangeable Senior Notes (in thousands):
The following table details our interest expense related to the Notes due 2026 (in thousands):
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| Schedule of Carrying Value | The following table details the carrying value of our Notes due 2026 (in thousands):
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| Schedule of Principal Payments on Outstanding Indebtedness | The following table summarizes the principal payments on our outstanding indebtedness as of December 31, 2025 (in thousands):
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Net Income Per Share (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Computations of Net Income Per Basic and Diluted Share | Computations of net income per basic and diluted share were as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis | The investments in the IQHQ Preferred Stock and IQHQ Credit Facility were evaluated together, along with the related financial instruments, and were initially measured based on relative fair value. Utilizing a third-party valuation specialist, the fair values were determined as summarized in the following table (in thousands):
________________________________________________________ (1)The Company estimated the fair value of the IQHQ Preferred Stock using a discounted cash flow method with a risk adjusted discount rate of 20.0% and term to an IQHQ entity level exit of five years. Because this methodology includes unobservable inputs that reflect our own internal assumptions and calculations, the measurement of estimated fair value is categorized as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. (2)The Company estimated the fair value of the IQHQ Warrant using an option pricing model. Because this methodology includes unobservable inputs, including a discount for lack of marketability of 41.0%, a risk free rate of 3.7%, equity volatility of 35.0%, and term to an IQHQ entity level exit of five years, the fair value measurement is categorized as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. (3)The Company estimated the fair value of the forward contract for the purchase of IQHQ Preferred Stock using a standard forward contract model. Because this methodology includes unobservable inputs, including the expected timing and amounts of future fundings as well as the estimated fair value of the underlying IQHQ Preferred Stock estimated using an approach consistent with as described above, the measurement of estimated fair value is categorized as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. (4)The Company estimated the fair value of the IQHQ Credit Facility by using a discounted cash flow method with a risk adjusted discount rate of 16.1%. Because this methodology includes unobservable inputs that reflect our own internal assumptions and calculations, the measurement of estimated fair value is categorized as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
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| Schedule of Carrying Value and Approximate Fair Value of Financial Instruments | The following table presents the carrying value and approximate fair value of financial instruments not measured at fair value at December 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):
________________________________________________________ (1)Excludes $52.8 million of investments in the IQHQ Preferred Stock and IQHQ Warrant which are carried at cost under the measurement alternative of ASC 321, Investments - Equity Securities. The investment in the IQHQ Credit Facility is categorized as Level 3 and was valued using a yield analysis, which is typically performed for non-credit impaired loans. To determine fair value using a yield analysis, a current price is imputed for the loan based upon an assessment of the expected market yield for a similarly structured loan with a similar level of risk. In the yield analysis, the Company considers the current contractual interest rate, the maturity and other terms of the loan relative to risk of the company and the specific loan. At December 31, 2025, the expected market yield used to determine fair value was 16.8%. Changes in market yields may change the fair value of the investment in the revolving credit facility. Generally, an increase in market yields may result in a decrease in the fair value of the investment in the revolving credit facility. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of a loan that does not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the investment in the revolving credit facility may fluctuate from period to period. Additionally, the fair value of the investment in the revolving credit facility may differ significantly from the value that would have been used had a readily available market existed for such loan and may differ materially from the value that the Company may ultimately realize. (2)The construction loan receivable is categorized as Level 3 and was valued using a yield analysis, which is typically performed for non-credit impaired loans. To determine fair value using a yield analysis, a current price is imputed for the loan based upon an assessment of the expected market yield for a similarly structured loan with a similar level of risk. In the yield analysis, the Company considers the current contractual interest rate, the maturity and other terms of the loan relative to risk of the company and the specific loan. At each of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the expected market yield used to determine fair value was 16.25%. Changes in market yields may change the fair value of the construction loan. Generally, an increase in market yields may result in a decrease in the fair value of the construction loan. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of a loan that does not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the construction loan may fluctuate from period to period. Additionally, the fair value of the construction loan may differ significantly from the value that would have been used had a readily available market existed for such loan and may differ materially from the value that the Company may ultimately realize. (3)Investments as cash equivalents include investments of obligations of the U.S. government with an original maturity at the time of purchase of 90 days or less are classified as held-to-maturity, stated at amortized cost and valued using Level 1 inputs. Investments as cash equivalents also include investments in a money market fund that invests 100% in U.S. government securities, which is stated at cost and valued using Level 1 inputs. (4)Notes receivable relate to certain acquisitions of real estate which did not satisfy the requirements for sale-leaseback accounting (see Note 2 “Acquisition of Real Estate Properties” to our consolidated financial statements for more information). The notes receivable are categorized as Level 3 and were valued using a yield analysis. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the weighted average expected market yields used to determine fair values were 26.5% and 20.6%, respectively. (5)At December 31, 2024 , investments consisting of short-term certificates of deposit with an original maturity at the time of purchase of greater than 90 days and less than one year are classified as held-to-maturity, stated at cost which approximates fair value using Level 2 inputs. (6)The fair value is determined based upon Level 2 inputs as the Notes due 2026 were not traded in an active market. (7)The Revolving Credit Facility is categorized as Level 2 and was valued using a discounted cash flow analysis based on significant other observable inputs such as available market information on discount and borrowing rates with similar terms, maturities, and credit ratings. Changes in discount and borrowing rates may change the fair value of the Revolving Credit Facility. Additionally, the use of different market assumptions or estimation methods may have a material effect on the estimated fair value. (8)The Life Science Credit Facility is categorized as Level 2 and was valued using a discounted cash flow analysis based on significant other observable inputs such as available market information on discount and borrowing rates with similar terms, maturities, and credit ratings. Changes in discount and borrowing rates may change the fair value of the Life Science Credit Facility. Additionally, the use of different market assumptions or estimation methods may have a material effect on the estimated fair value.
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Common Stock Incentive Plan (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Restricted Stock Activity | A summary of the restricted stock activity under the 2016 Plan and related information for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 is included in the table below:
________________________________________________________ (1)Shares that were forfeited to cover the employees’ tax withholding obligation upon vesting or employees’ cessation of employment. The following table summarizes our RSU activity for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. RSUs are issued as part of the Innovative Industrial Properties, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”), which allows a select group of management and our non-employee directors to defer receiving certain of their cash and equity-based compensation. RSUs are subject to vesting conditions of the Deferred Compensation Plan and have the same economic rights as shares of restricted stock under the 2016 Plan:
________________________________________________________ (1)Shares that were forfeited to cover the employees’ tax withholding obligation upon vesting or employees’ cessation of employment.
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Commitments and Contingencies (Tables) |
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Dec. 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Future Contractual Lease Payments | The future contractual lease payments for our office lease and the reconciliation to the office lease liability reflected in other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2025 is presented in the table below (in thousands):
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Segment Information (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Segment Reporting Information | The segment net income, including significant segment expenses that are regularly reviewed by the CODM, for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, and the total segment assets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, are presented in the tables below (in thousands):
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Dividends (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands |
3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Sep. 30, 2025 |
Jun. 30, 2025 |
Mar. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Sep. 30, 2024 |
Jun. 30, 2024 |
Mar. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Sep. 30, 2023 |
Jun. 30, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|
| Dividends [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share) | $ 1.90 | $ 1.90 | $ 1.90 | $ 1.90 | $ 1.90 | $ 1.90 | $ 1.90 | $ 1.82 | $ 1.82 | $ 1.80 | $ 1.80 | $ 1.80 | |||
| Dividends declared per Series A preferred stock (in dollars per share) | $ 0.5625 | $ 0.5625 | $ 0.5625 | $ 0.5625 | $ 0.5625 | $ 0.5625 | $ 0.5625 | $ 0.5625 | $ 0.5625 | $ 0.5625 | $ 0.5625 | $ 0.5625 | |||
| Dividend amount - Common stock | $ 53,777 | $ 53,776 | $ 53,783 | $ 54,463 | $ 54,253 | $ 54,253 | $ 54,253 | $ 51,957 | $ 51,489 | $ 50,742 | $ 50,742 | $ 50,725 | |||
| Dividend amount - Series A preferred stock | $ 1,136 | $ 1,017 | $ 878 | $ 781 | $ 564 | $ 564 | $ 338 | $ 338 | $ 338 | $ 338 | $ 338 | $ 338 | $ 3,812 | $ 1,804 | $ 1,352 |
Investments in Real Estate - Schedule of Real Estate Properties (Details) ft² in Thousands, $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
ft²
|
|---|---|
| Real Estate [Line Items] | |
| Rentable Square Feet | ft² | 22 |
| Initial Purchase Price | $ 7,750 |
| Transaction Costs | 107 |
| Total | 7,857 |
| Land | |
| Real Estate [Line Items] | |
| Total | 600 |
| Building and Building Improvements | |
| Real Estate [Line Items] | |
| Total | $ 7,200 |
| Harvard Place | |
| Real Estate [Line Items] | |
| Rentable Square Feet | ft² | 22 |
| Initial Purchase Price | $ 7,750 |
| Transaction Costs | 107 |
| Total | $ 7,857 |
Investments in Real Estate - Schedule of Intangible Assets and Related Accumulated Amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Investments in Real Estate | ||
| Total | $ 6,366 | $ 7,385 |
| Acquired In-Place Lease Intangible Assets | ||
| Investments in Real Estate | ||
| In-place lease intangible assets | 9,757 | 9,979 |
| Accumulated amortization | (3,391) | (2,594) |
| Total | 6,366 | 7,385 |
| Above Market Leases | ||
| Investments in Real Estate | ||
| In-place lease intangible assets | 1,054 | 1,054 |
| Accumulated amortization | (371) | (279) |
| Total | $ 683 | $ 775 |
Investments in Real Estate - Schedule of Estimated Annual Amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity | ||
| Total | $ 6,366 | $ 7,385 |
| Acquired In-Place Lease Intangible Assets | ||
| Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity | ||
| 2026 | 844 | |
| 2027 | 844 | |
| 2028 | 844 | |
| 2029 | 844 | |
| 2030 | 844 | |
| Thereafter | 2,146 | |
| Total | $ 6,366 | $ 7,385 |
Investments in Real Estate - Schedule of Future Contractual Minimum Rent (Details) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
|
|---|---|
| Contractual Minimum Rent | |
| 2026 | $ 299,647 |
| 2027 | 312,049 |
| 2028 | 319,222 |
| 2029 | 326,466 |
| 2030 | 331,268 |
| Thereafter | 3,058,509 |
| Total | $ 4,647,161 |
Life Science Investments - Schedule of Carrying Value of Investments (Details) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
|
|---|---|
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |
| PIK dividend | $ 444 |
| PIK interest | 415 |
| Total | 152,665 |
| Investment in IQHQ Credit Facility | |
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |
| Investment in IQHQ Credit Facility | 96,493 |
| Investment in IQHQ Preferred Stock | |
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |
| Life science investments | 47,430 |
| Investment in IQHQ Warrant | |
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |
| Life science investments | 5,321 |
| Forward contract for the purchase of IQHQ Preferred Stock | |
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |
| Life science investments | $ 2,562 |
Debt - Exchangeable Senior Notes Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Feb. 29, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
| Number of shares issued upon conversion | 28,408 | 32,200 | ||
| Outstanding principal amount | $ 4,300 | $ 2,000 | ||
| Gain (loss) on exchange of Exchangeable Senior Notes | $ 0 | 0 | 22 | |
| Exchange of Exchangeable Senior Notes | 1,964 | |||
| Additional Paid-In- Capital | ||||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
| Exchange of Exchangeable Senior Notes | $ 1,964 | |||
| Senior Notes | ||||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
| Interest rate (as a percent) | 3.75% | |||
| Principal amount paid | $ 100 | 4,300 | ||
| Repayments of convertible debt | $ 4,300 | |||
| Number of shares issued upon conversion | 32,200 | |||
| Outstanding principal amount | $ 2,000 | |||
| Gain (loss) on exchange of Exchangeable Senior Notes | $ 22 | |||
| Senior Notes | Common Stock | ||||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
| Conversion of stock, shares issued (in shares) | 28,408 | |||
Debt - Schedule of Interest Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|
| Senior Notes | |||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
| Cash coupon | $ 0 | $ 24 | $ 182 |
| Amortization of issuance cost | 0 | 5 | 37 |
| Capitalized interest | 0 | (1) | (7) |
| Total interest expense | 0 | 28 | 212 |
| Unsecured Debt | |||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
| Cash coupon | 16,093 | 16,500 | 16,500 |
| Amortization of issuance cost | 1,467 | 1,416 | 1,334 |
| Capitalized interest | (184) | (565) | (620) |
| Total interest expense | $ 17,376 | $ 17,351 | $ 17,214 |
Debt - Notes due 2026 Narrative (Details) - Unsecured Debt - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
May 25, 2021 |
Feb. 28, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
|
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
| Principal amount | $ 300,000 | $ 291,215 | $ 300,000 | |
| Interest rate (as a percent) | 5.50% | |||
| Issuance costs | $ 6,800 | |||
| Interest rate, effective percentage | 6.03% | |||
| Early partial repayments | $ 8,700 | |||
| Repaid principal | $ 8,800 | |||
| Accrued interest payable | $ 2,000 | $ 2,100 | ||
| Redeemed Prior To February 25, 2026 | ||||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
| Debt instrument, redemption price | 100.00% | |||
| Redeemed On Or After February 25, 2026 | ||||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
| Debt instrument, redemption price | 100.00% | |||
| Minimum | ||||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
| Debt instrument change in debt rating interest rate | 6.00% | |||
| Maximum | ||||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
| Debt instrument change in debt rating interest rate | 6.50% |
Debt - Schedule of Carrying Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
May 25, 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
| Total | $ 393,715 | ||
| Unsecured Debt | |||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | |||
| Principal amount | 291,215 | $ 300,000 | $ 300,000 |
| Unamortized issuance cost | (613) | (2,135) | |
| Total | $ 290,602 | $ 297,865 |
Debt - Revolving Credit Facility Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Nov. 30, 2024 |
Oct. 31, 2024 |
Oct. 31, 2023 |
|
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||
| Revolving credit facilities | $ 102,500 | $ 0 | ||||
| Revolving Credit Facility | Loan Agreement | ||||||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||
| Aggregate commitments | $ 87,500 | $ 50,000 | $ 50,000 | |||
| Interest rate (in percent) | 9.00% | |||||
| Revolving credit facilities | $ 27,500 | 0 | ||||
| Issuance costs | 1,200 | |||||
| Amortization of issuance cost | $ 500 | $ 300 | $ 41 | |||
Debt - IIP Life Science Credit Facility Narrative (Details) - Revolving Credit Facility - IIP Life Science Credit Facility - Line of Credit |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
|
Oct. 03, 2025
USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
|
|
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Aggregate commitments | $ 100,000,000.0 | |
| Accordion feature, increase limit | $ 135,000,000.0 | |
| Variable interest rate | 2.00% | |
| Interest rate (in percent) | 6.10% | |
| Loan amount outstanding | $ 75,000,000.0 | |
| Debt service coverage covenant ratio | 2.0 | |
| Issuance costs | 900,000 | |
| Amortization of issuance cost | $ 77,000 | |
| Minimum | ||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Variable interest rate | 6.10% |
Debt - Schedule of Principal Payments on Outstanding Indebtedness (Details) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
|
|---|---|
| Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |
| 2026 | $ 318,715 |
| 2027 | 0 |
| 2028 | 75,000 |
| 2029 | 0 |
| 2030 | 0 |
| Thereafter | 0 |
| Total | $ 393,715 |
Net Income Per Share - Additional information (Details) - shares |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|
| Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |||
| Dilutive effect of Exchangeable Senior Notes (in shares) | 0 | 9,468 | 81,169 |
Common Stock Incentive Plan - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jan. 31, 2022 |
Jan. 31, 2021 |
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|
| Restricted Stock | |||||
| Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
| Unrecognized compensation cost | $ 4.5 | ||||
| Amortization period | 1 year 8 months 12 days | ||||
| Fair value of restricted stock | $ 2.4 | $ 2.6 | $ 1.7 | ||
| Granted (in shares) | 69,384 | 46,752 | 40,770 | ||
| Restricted Stock Units | |||||
| Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
| Unrecognized compensation cost | $ 5.5 | ||||
| Amortization period | 1 year 8 months 12 days | ||||
| Granted (in shares) | 75,975 | 72,546 | 66,279 | ||
| PSUs | |||||
| Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
| Granted (in shares) | 102,641 | 70,795 | |||
| Stock-based compensation expense | $ 6.7 | $ 10.7 | |||
| 2016 Plan | |||||
| Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||
| Number of shares authorized | 1,000,000 | ||||
| Expiration term | 10 years | ||||
Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Future Contractual Lease Payments (Details) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
|
|---|---|
| Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |
| Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] | Other liabilities |
| 2026 | $ 543 |
| 2027 | 45 |
| 2028 | 0 |
| 2029 | 0 |
| 2030 | 0 |
| Total future contractual lease payments | 588 |
| Effect of discounting | (18) |
| Office lease liability | $ 570 |
Segment Information - Additional Information (Details) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2025
segment
| |
| Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |
| Number of segments | 2 |
Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
2 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jan. 31, 2026 |
Feb. 23, 2026 |
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|
| Subsequent Events | |||||
| Net proceeds | $ 24,148 | $ 9,623 | $ 0 | ||
| Draws on revolving credit facilities | 155,000 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Repayments on revolving credit facilities | 52,500 | 0 | $ 0 | ||
| Revolving credit facilities | 102,500 | 0 | |||
| Revolving Credit Facility | Loan Agreement | |||||
| Subsequent Events | |||||
| Revolving credit facilities | $ 27,500 | $ 0 | |||
| Series A Preferred Stock | ATM Program | |||||
| Subsequent Events | |||||
| Number of shares sold | 1,016,852 | 402,673 | 0 | ||
| Net proceeds | $ 24,100 | $ 9,600 | |||
| Subsequent Event | Revolving Credit Facility | Loan Agreement | |||||
| Subsequent Events | |||||
| Draws on revolving credit facilities | $ 5,000 | ||||
| Repayments on revolving credit facilities | 20,000 | ||||
| Revolving credit facilities | $ 12,500 | ||||
| Subsequent Event | Series A Preferred Stock | ATM Program | |||||
| Subsequent Events | |||||
| Number of shares sold | 1,794,323 | ||||
| Net proceeds | $ 40,400 | ||||
SCHEDULE III - REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION - Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2025 |
Dec. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
|
| Investment in real estate, at cost: | |||
| Balance at beginning of year | $ 2,439,972 | $ 2,368,515 | $ 2,204,687 |
| Purchases of investments in real estate | 7,857 | 18,666 | 35,155 |
| Additions and improvements, net | 15,949 | 66,790 | 128,673 |
| Sale of real estate investments | (3,741) | (13,999) | 0 |
| Impairment loss | (3,527) | 0 | 0 |
| Balance at end of year | 2,456,510 | 2,439,972 | 2,368,515 |
| Accumulated Depreciation: | |||
| Balance at beginning of year | (271,190) | (202,692) | (138,405) |
| Depreciation expense | (73,049) | (69,842) | (64,287) |
| Sale of real estate investments | 1,177 | 1,344 | 0 |
| Balance at end of year | (343,062) | (271,190) | (202,692) |
| Reclassification from other assets to real estate held for investment | $ 0 | $ 3,152 | $ 0 |