PLANET FITNESS, INC., 10-Q filed on 8/8/2019
Quarterly Report
v3.19.2
Cover Page - shares
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Aug. 01, 2019
Entity Information [Line Items]    
Document Type 10-Q  
Document Quarterly Report true  
Document Period End Date Jun. 30, 2019  
Document Transition Report false  
Entity File Number 001-37534  
Entity Registrant Name PLANET FITNESS, INC.  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE  
Entity Tax Identification Number 38-3942097  
Entity Address, Address Line One 4 Liberty Lane West  
Entity Address, City or Town Hampton  
Entity Address, State or Province NH  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 03842  
City Area Code 603  
Local Phone Number 750-0001  
Title of 12(b) Security Class A common stock, $0.0001 Par Value  
Trading Symbol PLNT  
Security Exchange Name NYSE  
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes  
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes  
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer  
Entity Small Business false  
Entity Emerging Growth Company false  
Entity Shell Company false  
Amendment Flag false  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2019  
Document Fiscal Period Focus Q2  
Entity Central Index Key 0001637207  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
Class A Common Stock    
Entity Information [Line Items]    
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   84,011,831
Class B Common Stock    
Entity Information [Line Items]    
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   8,581,920
v3.19.2
Condensed consolidated balance sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Current assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 330,550 $ 289,431
Restricted cash 30,576 30,708
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for bad debts of $54 and $84 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively 26,566 38,960
Inventory 2,513 5,122
Restricted assets – national advertising fund 5,208 0
Prepaid expenses 10,068 4,947
Other receivables 12,866 12,548
Other current assets 5,776 6,824
Total current assets 424,123 388,540
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $64,839, as of June 30, 2019 and $53,086 as of December 31, 2018 118,517 114,367
Right-of-use assets, net 115,390  
Intangible assets, net 231,425 234,330
Goodwill 206,752 199,513
Deferred income taxes 425,647 414,841
Other assets, net 1,613 1,825
Total assets 1,523,467 1,353,416
Current liabilities:    
Current maturities of long-term debt 12,000 12,000
Accounts payable 16,277 30,428
Accrued expenses 22,558 32,384
Equipment deposits 7,376 7,908
Restricted liabilities – national advertising fund 112 0
Deferred revenue, current 27,076 23,488
Payable pursuant to tax benefit arrangements, current 25,506 24,765
Other current liabilities 14,519 430
Total current liabilities 125,424 131,403
Long-term debt, net of current maturities 1,156,792 1,160,127
Deferred rent, net of current portion   10,083
Lease liabilities, net of current portion 113,748  
Deferred revenue, net of current portion 29,648 26,374
Deferred tax liabilities 1,874 2,303
Payable pursuant to tax benefit arrangements, net of current portion 408,099 404,468
Other liabilities 2,254 1,447
Total noncurrent liabilities 1,712,415 1,604,802
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
Stockholders' equity (deficit):    
Accumulated other comprehensive income 251 94
Additional paid in capital 24,495 19,732
Accumulated deficit (333,870) (394,410)
Total stockholders' deficit attributable to Planet Fitness Inc. (309,115) (374,574)
Non-controlling interests (5,257) (8,215)
Total stockholders' deficit (314,372) (382,789)
Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit 1,523,467 1,353,416
Class A Common Stock    
Stockholders' equity (deficit):    
Common stock, value 8 9
Class B Common Stock    
Stockholders' equity (deficit):    
Common stock, value $ 1 $ 1
v3.19.2
Condensed consolidated balance sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Accounts receivable, allowance for bad debts $ 54 $ 84
Accumulated depreciation $ 64,839 $ 53,086
Class A Common Stock    
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.0001 $ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized 300,000,000 300,000,000
Common stock, shares issued 83,995,000 83,584,000
Common stock, shares outstanding 83,995,000 83,584,000
Class B Common Stock    
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.0001 $ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized 100,000,000 100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued 8,582,000 9,448,000
Common stock, shares outstanding 8,582,000 9,448,000
v3.19.2
Condensed consolidated statements of operations (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Revenue:        
Revenue $ 181,661 $ 140,550 $ 330,478 $ 261,882
Operating costs and expenses:        
Cost of revenue 54,391 36,744 88,877 63,244
Store operations 20,163 18,047 41,068 36,403
Selling, general and administrative 18,864 17,210 37,018 34,831
Depreciation and amortization 10,577 8,619 20,484 17,084
Other (gain) loss (122) (39) 246 971
Total operating costs and expenses 116,395 91,739 212,027 174,153
Income from operations 65,266 48,811 118,451 87,729
Other expense, net:        
Interest income 1,979 418 3,777 455
Interest expense (14,636) (9,046) (29,385) (17,816)
Other expense (1,444) (502) (4,762) (310)
Total other expense, net (14,101) (9,130) (30,370) (17,671)
Income before income taxes 51,165 39,681 88,081 70,058
Provision for income taxes 11,338 9,263 16,615 16,146
Net income 39,827 30,418 71,466 53,912
Less net income attributable to non-controlling interests 4,983 4,544 9,213 8,157
Net income attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc. $ 34,844 $ 25,874 $ 62,253 $ 45,755
Class A Common Stock        
Net income per share of Class A common stock:        
Basic (in dollars per share) $ 0.41 $ 0.30 $ 0.74 $ 0.52
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ 0.41 $ 0.29 $ 0.74 $ 0.52
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding:        
Basic (in shares) 84,142,975 87,693,377 83,975,192 87,564,596
Diluted (in shares) 84,835,183 88,105,331 84,638,650 87,931,469
Franchise        
Revenue:        
Revenue $ 58,225 $ 45,417 $ 111,181 $ 87,579
Commission income        
Revenue:        
Revenue 1,065 1,575 2,059 3,563
National advertising fund        
Revenue:        
Revenue 12,522 11,158 24,334 21,620
Operating costs and expenses:        
Cost of revenue 12,522 11,158 24,334 21,620
Corporate-owned stores        
Revenue:        
Revenue 39,695 34,252 77,739 66,959
Equipment        
Revenue:        
Revenue $ 70,154 $ 48,148 $ 115,165 $ 82,161
v3.19.2
Condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]        
Net income including non-controlling interests $ 39,827 $ 30,418 $ 71,466 $ 53,912
Other comprehensive income (loss), net:        
Unrealized gain on interest rate caps, net of tax 0 17 0 383
Foreign currency translation adjustments 103 (34) 157 (63)
Total other comprehensive income, net 103 (17) 157 320
Total comprehensive income including non-controlling interests 39,930 30,401 71,623 54,232
Less: total comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests 4,983 4,543 9,213 8,214
Total comprehensive income attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc. $ 34,947 $ 25,858 $ 62,410 $ 46,018
v3.19.2
Condensed consolidated statements of cash flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:    
Net income $ 71,466 $ 53,912
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:    
Depreciation and amortization 20,484 17,084
Amortization of deferred financing costs 2,664 973
Amortization of favorable leases 0 186
Amortization of asset retirement obligations 168 0
Amortization of interest rate caps 0 446
Deferred tax expense 8,854 13,300
Loss (gain) on re-measurement of tax benefit arrangement 4,852 (354)
Provision for bad debts (10) (8)
Loss on reacquired franchise rights 0 350
(Gain) loss on disposal of property and equipment (54) 547
Equity-based compensation 2,279 2,687
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, excluding effects of acquisitions:    
Accounts receivable 12,465 22,281
Due to and due from related parties (461) 3,375
Inventory 2,608 (501)
Other assets and other current assets (9,288) (3,109)
National advertising fund (5,096) (1,634)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (20,831) (16,884)
Other liabilities and other current liabilities 1,777 (2,908)
Income taxes 1,987 131
Payable to related parties pursuant to tax benefit arrangements (17,476) (21,706)
Equipment deposits (532) 2,503
Deferred revenue 6,631 6,229
Leases and deferred rent 17 1,594
Net cash provided by operating activities 82,504 78,494
Cash flows from investing activities:    
Additions to property and equipment (18,925) (8,136)
Acquisition of franchises (14,801) (28,503)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment 54 134
Net cash used in investing activities (33,672) (36,505)
Cash flows from financing activities:    
Principal payments on capital lease obligations (27) (23)
Repayment of long-term debt (6,000) (3,592)
Proceeds from issuance of Class A common stock 1,520 400
Dividend equivalent payments (138) (138)
Distributions to Continuing LLC Members (3,742) (3,503)
Net cash used in financing activities (8,387) (6,856)
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 542 (429)
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 40,987 34,704
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 320,139 113,080
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period 361,126 147,784
Supplemental cash flow information:    
Net cash paid for income taxes 6,530 2,929
Cash paid for interest 26,923 16,795
Non-cash investing activities:    
Non-cash additions to property and equipment $ 1,896 $ 2,072
v3.19.2
Condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity (deficit) (Unaudited) - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
Total
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
Additional paid- in capital
Accumulated deficit
Non-controlling interests
Class A Common Stock
Class A Common Stock
Common stock
Class B Common Stock
Class B Common Stock
Common stock
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017             87,188   11,193
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2017 $ (136,937) $ (648) $ 12,118 $ (130,966) $ (17,451)   $ 9   $ 1
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                  
Net income 53,912     45,755 8,157        
Equity-based compensation expense 2,687   2,690 (3)          
Exchanges of Class B common stock, shares issued             713   (713)
Exchanges of Class B common stock 0   (1,471)   1,471        
Repurchase/Retirement of common stock (in shares)                 (9)
Exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted share units and ESPP share purchase (in shares)             31    
Exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted share units and ESPP share purchase 400   400            
Tax benefit arrangement liability and deferred taxes arising from exchanges of Class B common stock 1,007   1,007            
Forfeiture of dividend equivalents 58     58          
Distributions paid to members of Pla-Fit Holdings (3,503)       (3,503)        
Cumulative effect adjustment (9,192)     (9,192)          
Other comprehensive income 320 263     57        
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2018             87,932   10,471
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2018 (91,248) (385) 14,744 (94,348) (11,269)   $ 9   $ 1
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018             87,505   10,893
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2018 (122,434) (370) 13,011 (120,245) (14,840)   $ 9   $ 1
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                  
Net income 30,418     25,874 4,544        
Equity-based compensation expense 1,689   1,692 (3)          
Exchanges of Class B common stock, shares issued             413   (413)
Exchanges of Class B common stock 0 1 (798)   797        
Repurchase/Retirement of common stock (in shares)                 (9)
Exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted share units and ESPP share purchase (in shares)             14    
Exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted share units and ESPP share purchase 158   158            
Tax benefit arrangement liability and deferred taxes arising from exchanges of Class B common stock 681   681            
Forfeiture of dividend equivalents 26     26          
Distributions paid to members of Pla-Fit Holdings (1,769)       (1,769)        
Other comprehensive income (17) (16)     (1)        
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2018             87,932   10,471
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2018 (91,248) (385) 14,744 (94,348) (11,269)   $ 9   $ 1
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018           83,584 83,584 9,448 9,448
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2018 (382,789) 94 19,732 (394,410) (8,215)   $ 9   $ 1
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                  
Net income 71,466     62,253 9,213        
Equity-based compensation expense 2,279   2,279            
Exchanges of Class B common stock, shares issued             866   (866)
Exchanges of Class B common stock 0   (1,172)   1,172        
Repurchase/Retirement of common stock (in shares)             (524)    
Repurchase/Retirement of common stock (1)   64   (64)   $ (1)    
Exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted share units and ESPP share purchase (in shares)             69    
Exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted share units and ESPP share purchase 1,209   1,209            
Tax benefit arrangement liability and deferred taxes arising from exchanges of Class B common stock 2,383   2,383            
Non-cash adjustments to VIEs (3,621)       (3,621)        
Distributions paid to members of Pla-Fit Holdings (3,742)       (3,742)        
Cumulative effect adjustment (1,713)     (1,713)          
Other comprehensive income 157 157              
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2019           83,995 83,995 8,582 8,582
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2019 (314,372) 251 24,495 (333,870) (5,257)   $ 8   $ 1
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019             84,463   8,589
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2019 (354,042) 148 22,576 (368,714) (8,062)   $ 9   $ 1
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                  
Net income 39,827     34,844 4,983        
Equity-based compensation expense 964   964            
Exchanges of Class B common stock, shares issued             7   (7)
Repurchase/Retirement of common stock (in shares)             (524)    
Repurchase/Retirement of common stock (1)   64   (64)   $ (1)    
Exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted share units and ESPP share purchase (in shares)             49    
Exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted share units and ESPP share purchase 704   704            
Tax benefit arrangement liability and deferred taxes arising from exchanges of Class B common stock 187   187            
Non-cash adjustments to VIEs (214)       (214)        
Distributions paid to members of Pla-Fit Holdings (1,900)       (1,900)        
Other comprehensive income 103 103              
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2019           83,995 83,995 8,582 8,582
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2019 $ (314,372) $ 251 $ 24,495 $ (333,870) $ (5,257)   $ 8   $ 1
v3.19.2
Business Organization
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Business Organization Business Organization
Planet Fitness, Inc. (the “Company”), through its subsidiaries, is a franchisor and operator of fitness centers, with more than 14.0 million members and 1,859 owned and franchised locations (referred to as stores) in 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Canada, the Dominican Republic, Panama and Mexico as of June 30, 2019.
The Company serves as the reporting entity for its various subsidiaries that operate three distinct lines of business:
Licensing and selling franchises under the Planet Fitness trade name.
Owning and operating fitness centers under the Planet Fitness trade name.
Selling fitness-related equipment to franchisee-owned stores.
The Company was formed as a Delaware corporation on March 16, 2015 for the purpose of facilitating an initial public offering (the “IPO”), which was completed on August 11, 2015 and related transactions in order to carry on the business of Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC and its subsidiaries (“Pla-Fit Holdings”). As of August 5, 2015, in connection with the recapitalization transactions that occurred prior to the IPO, the Company became the sole managing member and holder of 100% of the voting power of Pla-Fit Holdings. Pla-Fit Holdings owns 100% of Planet Intermediate, LLC, which has no operations but is the 100% owner of Planet Fitness Holdings, LLC, a franchisor and operator of fitness centers. With respect to the Company, Pla-Fit Holdings and Planet Intermediate, LLC, each entity owns nothing other than the respective entity below it in the corporate structure and each entity has no other material operations.
The Company is a holding company whose principal asset is a controlling equity interest in Pla-Fit Holdings. As the sole managing member of Pla-Fit Holdings, the Company operates and controls all of the business and affairs of Pla-Fit Holdings, and through Pla-Fit Holdings, conducts its business. As a result, the Company consolidates Pla-Fit Holdings’ financial results and reports a non-controlling interest related to the portion of limited liability company units of Pla-Fit Holdings (“Holdings Units”) not owned by the Company. Unless otherwise specified, “the Company” refers to both Planet Fitness, Inc. and Pla-Fit Holdings throughout the remainder of these notes.
As of June 30, 2019, Planet Fitness, Inc. held 100.0% of the voting interest and 90.7% of the economic interest of Pla-Fit Holdings and the holders of Holdings Units of Pla-Fit Holdings (the “Continuing LLC Owners”) held the remaining 9.3% economic interest in Pla-Fit Holdings.
v3.19.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
(a) Basis of presentation and consolidation
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations, financial position and cash flows for the periods presented have been reflected. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are unaudited. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (the “Annual Report”) filed with the SEC on March 1, 2019. Operating results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.
As discussed in Note 1, Planet Fitness, Inc. consolidates Pla-Fit Holdings. The Company also consolidates entities in which it has a controlling financial interest, the usual condition of which is ownership of a majority voting interest. The Company also considers for consolidation certain interests where the controlling financial interest may be achieved through arrangements that do not involve voting interests. Such an entity, known as a variable interest entity (“VIE”), is required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is considered to possess the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly
impact its economic performance and has the obligation to absorb losses or the rights to receive benefits from the VIE that are significant to it. The principal entities in which the Company possesses a variable interest include franchise entities and certain other entities. The Company is not deemed to be the primary beneficiary for Planet Fitness franchise entities. Therefore, these entities are not consolidated.
The results of the Company have been consolidated with Matthew Michael Realty LLC (“MMR”), PF Melville LLC (“PF Melville”), and Planet Fitness NAF, LLC (the “NAF”) based on the determination that the Company is the primary beneficiary with respect to these VIEs. MMR and PF Melville are real estate holding companies that derive a majority of their financial support from the Company through lease agreements for corporate stores. See Note 3 for further information related to the Company’s VIEs. The NAF is an advertising fund on behalf of which the Company collects 2% of gross monthly membership dues from franchisees, in accordance with the provisions of the franchise agreements, and uses the amounts received to support our national marketing campaigns, our social media platforms and the development of local advertising materials.
(b) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on management’s knowledge of current events and actions it may undertake in the future, they may ultimately differ from actual results. Significant areas where estimates and judgments are relied upon by management in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, valuation of assets and liabilities in connection with acquisitions, valuation of equity-based compensation awards, the evaluation of the recoverability of goodwill and long-lived assets, including intangible assets, income taxes, including deferred tax assets and liabilities and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits, the liability for the Company’s tax benefit arrangements, and the value of the lease liability and related right-of-use asset recorded in accordance with ASC 842 (see Note 2(d) and 16).
(c) Fair Value
ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are defined as follows:
Level 1—Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2—Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
Level 3—Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
 
The carrying value and estimated fair value of long-term debt as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows:
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Carrying value
 
Estimated fair value(1)
 
Carrying value
 
Estimated fair value(1)
Long-term debt
 
$
1,191,000

 
$
1,237,779

 
$
1,197,000

 
$
1,188,985

(1) The estimated fair value of our long-term debt is estimated primarily based on current bid prices for our long-term debt. Judgment is required to develop these estimates. As such, the fair value of our long-term debt is classified within Level 2, as defined under U.S. GAAP.
(d) Recent accounting pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB established Topic 842, Leases, by issuing ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, in February 2016. Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No. 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; and ASU No. 2018-11, Targeted Improvements. This guidance is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The new guidance requires lessees to recognize the assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by leases with lease terms of more than 12 months, amends various other aspects of accounting for leases by lessees and lessors, and requires enhanced disclosures. Leases will be
classified as finance or operating, with the classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition within the income statement.
The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2019 and used the effective date as our date of initial application. Consequently, financial information has not been updated and the disclosures required under the new standard are not provided for dates and periods before January 1, 2019. The new guidance also provides several practical expedients and policies that companies may elect upon transition. The Company has elected the package of practical expedients under which it did not reassess the classification of its existing leases, reevaluate whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases or reassess initial direct costs under the new guidance. The Company did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements, as it is not applicable to its leases. Additionally, the Company elected to use the practical expedient that permits a reassessment of lease terms for existing leases using hindsight.
The new standard also provides practical expedients for an entity’s ongoing accounting. The Company elected the short-term lease recognition exemption. This means, for those leases that qualify, the Company will not recognize right-of-use ("ROU") assets or lease liabilities, and this includes not recognizing ROU assets or lease liabilities for existing short-term leases of those assets in transition. The Company also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components.
Upon transition to the new guidance on January 1, 2019, the Company recognized approximately $130,000 of operating lease liabilities. Additionally, the Company recorded ROU assets in a corresponding amount, net of amounts reclassified from other assets and liabilities, including deferred rent, tenant improvement allowances, and favorable lease assets, as specified by the new lease guidance. In connection with the election of the hindsight practical expedient related to reassessing lease terms for existing leases as of January 1, 2019, the Company recorded a cumulative transition adjustment of $1,713 through retained earnings, net of tax.
The FASB issued ASU No. 2017-4, Intangibles–Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, in January 2017. This guidance eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value, essentially eliminating step two from the goodwill impairment test. The new standard requires goodwill impairment to be based upon the results of step one of the impairment test, which is defined as the excess of the carrying value of a reporting unit over its fair value. The impairment charge will be limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that year. This new guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
The FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract, in August 2018. The guidance helps align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). This guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that year, but allows for early adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
v3.19.2
Variable Interest Entities
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Variable Interest Entity, Consolidated, Carrying Amount, Assets and Liabilities, Net [Abstract]  
Variable Interest Entities Variable Interest Entities
The carrying values of VIEs included in the consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows: 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
PF Melville
 
$
2,762

 
$

 
$
4,787

 
$

MMR
 
2,260

 

 
3,563

 

Total
 
$
5,022

 
$

 
$
8,350

 
$


 
The Company also has variable interests in certain franchisees mainly through the guarantee of lease agreements. The Company’s maximum obligation, as a result of its guarantees of leases, is approximately $10,443 and $732 as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. In 2019, in connection with a real estate partnership, the Company began guaranteeing certain leases of its franchisees up to a maximum period of ten years with earlier expiration dates possible if certain conditions are met.
The amount of the Company’s maximum obligation represents a loss that the Company could incur from the variability in credit exposure without consideration of possible recoveries through insurance or other means. In addition, the amount bears no relation to the ultimate settlement anticipated to be incurred from the Company’s involvement with these entities, which is estimated at $0.
v3.19.2
Acquisitions
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Business Combinations [Abstract]  
Acquisitions Acquisitions
Maine Acquisition
On May 30, 2019, the Company purchased from one of its franchisees certain assets associated with four franchisee-owned stores in Maine for a cash payment of $14,801. The Company financed the purchase through cash on hand. The acquired stores are included in the Corporate-owned stores segment.
The preliminary purchase consideration was allocated as follows:
 
Amount
Fixed assets
$
999

Reacquired franchise rights
6,740

Customer relationships
30

Unfavorable leases, net
(140
)
Other assets
78

Goodwill
7,239

Liabilities assumed, including deferred revenues
(145
)
 
$
14,801


The goodwill created through the purchase is attributable to the assumed future value of the cash flows from the stores acquired. The goodwill is amortizable and deductible for tax purposes over 15 years.
The acquisition was not material to the results of operations of the Company.
Certain estimated values for the Maine acquisition, including goodwill and intangible assets, are not yet finalized and are subject to revision as additional information becomes available and more detailed analyses are completed.
Colorado Acquisition
On August 10, 2018, the Company purchased from one of its franchisees certain assets associated with four franchisee-owned stores in Colorado for a cash payment of $17,249. As a result of the transaction, the Company incurred a loss on unfavorable reacquired franchise rights of $10, which has been reflected in other operating costs in the statement of operations. The loss incurred reduced the net purchase price to $17,239. The Company financed the purchase through cash on hand. The acquired stores are included in the Corporate-owned stores segment.
The purchase consideration was allocated as follows:
 
Amount
Fixed assets
$
3,873

Reacquired franchise rights
4,610

Customer relationships
140

Favorable leases, net
80

Other assets
143

Goodwill
8,476

Liabilities assumed, including deferred revenues
(83
)
 
$
17,239


The goodwill created through the purchase is attributable to the assumed future value of the cash flows from the stores acquired. The goodwill is amortizable and deductible for tax purposes over 15 years.
The acquisition was not material to the results of operations of the Company.
Long Island Acquisition
On January 1, 2018, the Company purchased from one of its franchisees certain assets associated with six franchisee-owned stores in New York for a cash payment of $28,503. As a result of the transaction, the Company incurred a loss on unfavorable reacquired franchise rights of $350, which has been reflected in other operating costs in the statement of operations. The loss incurred reduced the net purchase price to $28,153. The Company financed the purchase through cash on hand. The acquired stores are included in the Corporate-owned stores segment.
The purchase consideration was allocated as follows:
 
Amount
Fixed assets
$
4,672

Reacquired franchise rights
7,640

Customer relationships
1,150

Favorable leases, net
520

Reacquired area development rights
150

Other assets
275

Goodwill
14,056

Liabilities assumed, including deferred revenues
(310
)
 
$
28,153


The goodwill created through the purchase is attributable to the assumed future value of the cash flows from the stores acquired. The goodwill is amortizable and deductible for tax purposes over 15 years.
The acquisition was not material to the results of operations of the Company.
v3.19.2
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangible assets Goodwill and Intangible Assets
A summary of goodwill and intangible assets at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is as follows: 
June 30, 2019
 
Weighted
average
amortization
period (years)
 
Gross
carrying
amount
 
Accumulated
amortization
 
Net carrying
Amount
Customer relationships
 
11.0
 
$
173,093

 
(105,797
)
 
$
67,296

Noncompete agreements
 
5.0
 
14,500

 
(14,500
)
 

Order backlog
 
0.4
 
3,400

 
(3,400
)
 

Reacquired franchise rights
 
7.4
 
28,089

 
(10,260
)
 
17,829

 
 
 
 
219,082

 
(133,957
)
 
85,125

Indefinite-lived intangible:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade and brand names
 
N/A
 
146,300

 

 
146,300

Total intangible assets
 
 
 
$
365,382

 
$
(133,957
)
 
$
231,425

Goodwill
 
 
 
$
206,752

 
$

 
$
206,752

 
 
December 31, 2018
 
Weighted
average
amortization
period (years)
 
Gross
carrying
amount
 
Accumulated
amortization
 
Net carrying
Amount
Customer relationships
 
11.0
 
$
173,063

 
$
(99,439
)
 
$
73,624

Noncompete agreements
 
5.0
 
14,500

 
(14,500
)
 

Favorable leases
 
8.0
 
4,017

 
(2,345
)
 
1,672

Order backlog
 
0.4
 
3,400

 
(3,400
)
 

Reacquired franchise rights
 
7.0
 
21,349

 
(8,615
)
 
12,734

 
 
 
 
216,329

 
(128,299
)
 
88,030

Indefinite-lived intangible:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade and brand names
 
N/A
 
146,300

 

 
146,300

Total intangible assets
 
 
 
$
362,629

 
$
(128,299
)
 
$
234,330

Goodwill
 
 
 
$
199,513

 
$

 
$
199,513


 
In connection with the adoption of ASC 842, as of January 1, 2019, the Company has derecognized the favorable leases intangible asset, and the favorable leases balance is now included in the ROU asset, net balance (Note 16). The Company determined that no impairment charges were required during any periods presented and the increase to goodwill was due to the acquisition of four franchisee-owned stores on May 30, 2019 (Note 4).
 
Amortization expense related to the intangible assets totaled $4,019 and $4,012 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively and $8,025 and $8,025 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Included within total amortization expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 is $92, and $183 related to amortization of favorable leases, respectively. Amortization of favorable leases is recorded within store operations as a component of rent expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The anticipated annual amortization expense related to intangible assets to be recognized in future years as of June 30, 2019 is as follows:
 
Amount
Remainder of 2019
$
8,320

2020
14,968

2021
15,053

2022
15,280

2023
15,185

Thereafter
16,319

Total
$
85,125


v3.19.2
Long-Term Debt
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Long-Term Debt Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 consists of the following: 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Class A-2-I notes
 
$
570,688

 
$
573,563

Class A-2-II notes
 
620,312

 
623,437

Total debt, excluding deferred financing costs
 
1,191,000

 
1,197,000

Deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization
 
(22,208
)
 
(24,873
)
Total debt
 
1,168,792

 
1,172,127

Current portion of long-term debt and line of credit
 
12,000

 
12,000

Long-term debt, net of current portion
 
$
1,156,792

 
$
1,160,127


 
Future annual principal payments of long-term debt as of June 30, 2019 are as follows: 
 
Amount
Remainder of 2019
$
6,000

2020
12,000

2021
12,000

2022
562,563

2023
6,250

Thereafter
592,187

Total
$
1,191,000



On August 1, 2018, Planet Fitness Master Issuer LLC (the “Master Issuer”), a limited-purpose, bankruptcy remote, wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC, entered into a base indenture and a related supplemental indenture (collectively, the “Indenture”) under which the Master Issuer may issue multiple series of notes. On the same date, the Master Issuer issued Series 2018-1 4.262% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-I (the “Class A-2-I Notes”) with an initial principal amount of $575,000 and Series 2018-1 4.666% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-II (the “Class A-2-II Notes” and, together with the Class A-2-I Notes, the “Class A-2 Notes”) with an initial principal amount of $625,000. In connection with the issuance of the Class A-2 Notes, the Master Issuer also entered into a revolving financing facility that allows for the issuance of up to $75,000 in Series 2018-1 Variable Funding Senior Notes, Class A-1 (the “Variable Funding Notes” and together with the Class A-2 Notes, the “Series 2018-1 Senior Notes”), and certain letters of credit, all of which was undrawn as of both June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The Series 2018-1 Senior Notes were issued in a securitization transaction pursuant to which most of the Company’s domestic revenue-generating assets, consisting principally of franchise-related agreements, certain corporate-owned store assets, equipment supply agreements and intellectual property and license agreements for the use of intellectual property, were assigned to the Master Issuer and certain other limited-purpose, bankruptcy remote, wholly-owned indirect subsidiaries of the Company that act as guarantors of the Series 2018-1 Senior Notes and that have pledged substantially all of their assets to secure the Series 2018-1 Senior Notes.

Interest and principal payments on the Class A-2 Notes are payable on a quarterly basis. The requirement to make such quarterly principal payments on the Class A-2 Notes is subject to certain financial conditions set forth in the Indenture. The legal final maturity date of the Class A-2 Notes is in September 2048, but it is anticipated that, unless earlier prepaid to the extent permitted under the Indenture, the Class A-2-I Notes will be repaid in September 2022 and the Class A-2-II Notes will be repaid in September 2025 (together, the "Anticipated Repayment Dates"). If the Master Issuer has not repaid or refinanced the Class A-2 Notes prior to the respective Anticipated Repayment Dates, additional interest will accrue pursuant to the Indenture.

The Variable Funding Notes will accrue interest at a variable interest rate based on (i) the prime rate, (ii) overnight federal funds rates, (iii) the London interbank offered rate for U.S. Dollars, or (iv) with respect to advances made by conduit investors, the weighted average cost of, or related to, the issuance of commercial paper allocated to fund or maintain such advances, in each case plus any applicable margin and as specified in the Variable Funding Note agreement. There is a commitment fee on the unused portion of the Variable Funding Notes of 0.5% based on utilization. It is anticipated that the principal and interest on the Variable Funding Notes will be repaid in full on or prior to September 2023, subject to two additional one-year extensions. Following the anticipated repayment date (and any extensions thereof) additional interest will accrue on the Variable Funding Notes equal to 5.0% per year.

In connection with the issuance of the Series 2018-1 Senior Notes, the Company incurred debt issuance costs of $27,133. The debt issuance costs are being amortized to “Interest expense” through the Anticipated Repayment Dates of the Class A-2 Notes utilizing the effective interest rate method.

The Series 2018-1 Senior Notes are subject to covenants and restrictions customary for transactions of this type, including (i) that the Master Issuer maintains specified reserve accounts to be used to make required payments in respect of the Series 2018-1 Senior Notes, (ii) provisions relating to optional and mandatory prepayments and the related payment of specified amounts, including specified make-whole payments in the case of the Class A-2 Notes under certain circumstances, (iii) certain indemnification payments in the event, among other things, the assets pledged as collateral for the Series 2018-1 Senior Notes are in stated ways defective or ineffective, and (iv) covenants relating to recordkeeping, access to information and similar matters. The Series 2018-1 Senior Notes are also subject to customary rapid amortization events provided for in the Indenture, including events tied to failure
to maintain stated debt service coverage ratios, certain manager termination events, an event of default, and the failure to repay or refinance the Class A-2 Notes on the applicable scheduled Anticipated Repayment Dates. The Series 2018-1 Senior Notes are also subject to certain customary events of default, including events relating to non-payment of required interest, principal, or other amounts due on or with respect to the Series 2018-1 Senior Notes, failure to comply with covenants within certain time frames, certain bankruptcy events, breaches of specified representations and warranties, failure of security interests to be effective, and certain judgments.

In accordance with the Indenture, certain cash accounts have been established with the Indenture trustee (the "Trustee") for the benefit of the trustee and the noteholders, and are restricted in their use. The Company holds restricted cash which primarily represents cash collections held by the Trustee, interest, principal, and commitment fee reserves held by the Trustee related to the Company’s Series 2018-1 Senior Notes. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had restricted cash held by the Trustee of $30,576. Restricted cash has been combined with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning and end of period balances in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

The proceeds from the issuance of the Class A-2 Notes were used to repay all amounts outstanding on the Term Loan B under the Company’s prior credit facility. As a result, the Company recorded a loss on early extinguishment of debt of $4,570 in August 2018, primarily consisting of the write-off of deferred costs related to the prior credit facility. In connection with the repayment of the Term Loan B, the Company terminated the related interest rate caps with notional amounts totaling $219,837, which had been designated as a cash flow hedge. See Note 7 for more information on the interest rate caps.
v3.19.2
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Prior to the refinancing transactions described in Note 6, the Company used interest-rate-related derivative instruments to manage its exposure related to changes in interest rates on its variable-rate debt instruments. The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for any purpose other than cash flow hedging. The Company does not speculate using derivative instruments.
In order to manage the market risk arising from the previously outstanding term loans, the Company entered into a series of interest rate caps. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had no interest rate cap agreements outstanding. In connection with the issuance of the Class A-2 Notes, the Company terminated the interest rate caps it had entered into in order to hedge interest expense on its previously outstanding term loans.
The company had no amounts related to interest rate caps recorded within other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The Company recorded an increase to the value of its interest rate caps of $17, net of tax of $5, within other comprehensive income (loss) during the three months ended June 30, 2018, and $383, net of tax of $130, during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
v3.19.2
Related Party Transactions
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions Related Party Transactions
Amounts due from related parties of $412 as of June 30, 2019 recorded within other receivables on the condensed consolidated balance sheet relate to a potential indemnification reimbursement for an outstanding legal matter, see Note 12.
Activity with entities considered to be related parties is summarized below: 
 
 
For the three months ended
June 30,
 
For the six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Franchise revenue
 
$
717

 
$
813

 
$
1,233

 
$
1,557

Equipment revenue
 
2,324

 
323

 
2,324

 
323

Total revenue from related parties
 
$
3,041

 
$
1,136

 
3,557

 
$
1,880


Additionally, the Company had deferred area development agreement revenue from related parties of $299 and $779 as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
The Company had payables to related parties pursuant to tax benefit arrangements of $55,504 and $59,458, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively (see Note 11).
The Company provides administrative services to Planet Fitness NAF, LLC (“NAF”) and charges NAF a fee for providing these services. The services provided include accounting services, information technology, data processing, product development, legal and administrative support, and other operating expenses, which amounted to $695 and $556 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $1,369 and $1,196 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
v3.19.2
Stockholder's Equity
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Equity [Abstract]  
Stockholder's Equity Stockholder’s Equity
Pursuant to the exchange agreement between the Company and the Continuing LLC Owners, the Continuing LLC Owners (or certain permitted transferees thereof) have the right, from time to time and subject to the terms of the exchange agreement, to exchange their Holdings Units, along with a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock, for shares of Class A common stock (or cash at the option of the Company) on a one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends, reclassifications and similar transactions. In connection with any exchange of Holdings Units for shares of Class A common stock by a Continuing LLC Owner, the number of Holdings Units held by the Company is correspondingly increased as it acquires the exchanged Holdings Units, and a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock are canceled.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, certain existing holders of Holdings Units exercised their exchange rights and exchanged 865,810 Holdings Units for 865,810 newly-issued shares of Class A common stock. Simultaneously, and in connection with these exchanges, 865,810 shares of Class B common stock were surrendered by the holders of Holdings Units that exercised their exchange rights and canceled. Additionally, in connection with these exchanges, Planet Fitness, Inc. received 865,810 Holdings Units, increasing its total ownership interest in Pla-Fit Holdings.
As a result of the above transactions, as of June 30, 2019:
Holders of our Class A common stock owned 83,994,635 shares of our Class A common stock, representing 90.7% of the voting power in the Company and, through the Company, 83,994,635 Holdings Units representing 90.7% of the economic interest in Pla-Fit Holdings; and
the Continuing LLC Owners collectively owned 8,581,920 Holdings Units, representing 9.3% of the economic interest in Pla-Fit Holdings, and 8,581,920 shares of our Class B common stock, representing 9.3% of the voting power in the Company.
Share repurchase program
On August 3, 2018, our board of directors approved an increase to the total amount of the previously approved share repurchase program to $500,000.
On November 13, 2018, the Company entered into a $300,000 accelerated share repurchase agreement (the “ASR Agreement”) with Citibank, N.A. (“the Bank”). Pursuant to the terms of the ASR Agreement, on November 14, 2018, the Company paid the Bank $300,000 upfront in cash and received 4,607,410 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, which were retired, and the Company elected to record as a reduction to retained earnings of $240,000. Final settlement of the ASR Agreement occurred on April 30, 2019. At final settlement, the Bank delivered 524,124 additional shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, based on a weighted average cost per share of $58.46 over the term of the ASR agreement, which were retired. This had been evaluated as an unsettled forward contract indexed to our own stock, with $60,000 classified as a reduction to retained earnings at the original date of payment.
The timing of the purchases and the amount of stock repurchased pursuant to its remaining share repurchase authorization is subject to the Company’s discretion and depends on market and business conditions, the Company’s general working capital needs, stock price, applicable legal requirements and other factors. Our ability to repurchase shares at any particular time is also subject to the terms of the indenture governing the Series 2018-1 Senior Notes. Purchases may be effected through one or more open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, transactions structured through investment banking institutions, or a combination of the foregoing. Planet Fitness is not obligated under the program to acquire any particular amount of stock and can suspend or terminate the program at any time.
v3.19.2
Earnings Per Share
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings Per Share Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net income attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding during the same period. Diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net income attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc. by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive securities.
Shares of the Company’s Class B common stock do not share in the earnings or losses attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc. and are therefore not participating securities. As such, separate presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share of Class B common stock under the two-class method has not been presented. Shares of the Company’s Class B common stock are, however, considered potentially dilutive shares of Class A common stock because shares of Class B common stock, together with the related Holdings Units, are exchangeable into shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis.
The following table sets forth reconciliations used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock:  
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Numerator
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Net income
 
$
39,827

 
$
30,418

 
$
71,466

 
$
53,912

Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests
 
4,983

 
4,544

 
9,213

 
8,157

Net income attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc.
 
$
34,844

 
$
25,874

 
$
62,253

 
$
45,755

Denominator
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic
 
84,142,975

 
87,693,377

 
83,975,192

 
87,564,596

Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock options
 
643,120

 
389,994

 
614,050

 
351,987

Restricted stock units
 
49,088

 
21,960

 
49,408

 
14,886

Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted
 
84,835,183

 
88,105,331

 
84,638,650

 
87,931,469

Earnings per share of Class A common stock - basic
 
$
0.41

 
$
0.30

 
$
0.74

 
$
0.52

Earnings per share of Class A common stock - diluted
 
$
0.41

 
$
0.29

 
$
0.74

 
$
0.52


Weighted average shares of Class B common stock of 8,585,294 and 10,704,794 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 8,910,315 and 10,828,471 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were evaluated under the if-converted method for potential dilutive effects and were not determined to be dilutive. Weighted average stock options outstanding of 72,984 and 164,341 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 36,648 and 82,165 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were evaluated under the treasury stock method for potential dilutive effects and were determined to be anti-dilutive. Weighted average restricted stock units outstanding of 1,209 and 579 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were evaluated under the treasury stock method for potential dilutive effects and were determined to be anti-dilutive.
v3.19.2
Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The Company is the sole managing member of Pla-Fit Holdings, which is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. As a partnership, Pla-Fit Holdings is not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by Pla-Fit Holdings is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including the Company, on a pro-rata basis.
Planet Fitness, Inc. is subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income of Pla-Fit Holdings. The Company’s effective tax rate was 22.2% and 23.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively and 18.9% and 23.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2019 differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to state and local taxes, partially offset by income attributable to non-controlling interest. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2019 differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the recognition of a tax benefit from the remeasurement of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and income attributable to non-controlling interest, partially offset by state and local taxes. The Company was also subject to taxes in foreign jurisdictions. Undistributed earnings of foreign operations were not material for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.
Net deferred tax assets of $423,773 and $412,538 as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, relate primarily to the tax effects of temporary differences in the book basis as compared to the tax basis of our investment in Pla-Fit Holdings as a
result of the secondary offerings, other exchanges, recapitalization transactions and the IPO. As of June 30, 2019, the Company does not have any material net operating loss carryforwards.
As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the total liability related to uncertain tax positions was $430 and $300, respectively. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties, if applicable, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Interest and penalties for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were not material.
Tax benefit arrangements
The Company’s acquisition of Holdings Units in connection with the IPO and future and certain past exchanges of Holdings Units for shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (or cash at the option of the Company) are expected to produce and have produced favorable tax attributes. In connection with the IPO, the Company entered into two tax receivable agreements. Under the first of those agreements, the Company generally is required to pay to certain existing and previous equity owners of Pla-Fit Holdings (the “TRA Holders”) 85% of the applicable tax savings, if any, in U.S. federal and state income tax that the Company is deemed to realize as a result of certain tax attributes of their Holdings Units sold to the Company (or exchanged in a taxable sale) and that are created as a result of (i) the exchanges of their Holdings Units for shares of Class A common stock and (ii) tax benefits attributable to payments made under the tax receivable agreement (including imputed interest). Under the second tax receivable agreement, the Company generally is required to pay to TSG AIV II-A L.P and TSG PF Co-Investors A L.P. (the "Direct TSG Investors") 85% of the amount of tax savings, if any, that the Company is deemed to realize as a result of the tax attributes of the Holdings Units held in respect of the Direct TSG Investors’ interest in the Company, which resulted from the Direct TSG Investors’ purchase of interests in Pla-Fit Holdings in 2012, and certain other tax benefits. Under both agreements, the Company generally retains the benefit of the remaining 15% of the applicable tax savings.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, 865,810 Holdings Units were exchanged by the TRA Holders for newly issued shares of Class A common stock, resulting in an increase in the tax basis of the net assets of Pla-Fit Holdings subject to the provisions of the tax receivable agreements. As a result of the change in Planet Fitness, Inc.’s ownership percentage of Pla-Fit Holdings that occurred in conjunction with the exchanges, we recorded a decrease to our net deferred tax assets of $639 during the six months ended June 30, 2019. As a result of these exchanges, during the six months ended June 30, 2019, we also recognized deferred tax assets in the amount of $20,040, and corresponding tax benefit arrangement liabilities of $17,016, representing approximately 85% of the tax benefits due to the TRA Holders. The offset to the entries recorded in connection with exchanges was to equity.
As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had a liability of $433,605 and $429,233, respectively, related to its projected obligations under the tax benefit arrangements. Projected future payments under the tax benefit arrangements are as follows:
 
Amount
Remainder of 2019
$
7,324

2020
25,974

2021
26,594

2022
27,152

2023
27,690

Thereafter
318,871

Total
$
433,605


v3.19.2
Commitments and contingencies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and contingencies Commitments and contingencies
From time to time, and in the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject to various claims, charges, and litigation, such as employment-related claims and slip and fall cases.
On May 3, 2019, the Company and other defendants received a joint and several judgment against them in the amount of $6,185, inclusive of accrued interest, in a civil action brought by a former employee. As of June 30, 2019, the Company has estimated its obligation related to this matter to be approximately $1,237, which is included in other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. In connection with 2012 acquisition of Pla-Fit Holdings on November 8, 2012, the sellers are obligated to indemnify the Company related to this specific matter. The Company has therefore recorded an offsetting indemnification receivable of $1,237 in other receivables on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet, of which $412 is due from a related party. As of June 30, there is an additional $4,109 of potential incremental interest being sought by the plaintiff; however the Company does not currently believe the incremental interest is probable and therefore has not recorded such amount as of June 30, 2019.
The Company is not currently aware of any other legal proceedings or claims that the Company believes will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or result of operations.
v3.19.2
Segments
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segments Segments
The Company has three reportable segments: (i) Franchise; (ii) Corporate-owned stores; and (iii) Equipment.  
The Company’s operations are organized and managed by type of products and services and segment information is reported accordingly. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”) is its Chief Executive Officer. The CODM reviews financial performance and allocates resources by reportable segment. There have been no operating segments aggregated to arrive at the Company’s reportable segments.
The Franchise segment includes operations related to the Company’s franchising business in the United States, Puerto Rico, Canada, the Dominican Republic, Panama and Mexico, including revenues and expenses from the NAF beginning on January 1, 2018 (see Note 15). The Corporate-owned stores segment includes operations with respect to all Corporate-owned stores throughout the United States and Canada. The Equipment segment includes the sale of equipment to our United States franchisee-owned stores.
The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 2. The Company evaluates the performance of its segments and allocates resources to them based on revenue and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, referred to as Segment EBITDA. Revenues for all operating segments include only transactions with unaffiliated customers and include no intersegment revenues.
The tables below summarize the financial information for the Company’s reportable segments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. The “Corporate and other” category, as it relates to Segment EBITDA, primarily includes corporate overhead costs, such as payroll and related benefit costs and professional services which are not directly attributable to any individual segment.
 
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Revenue
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Franchise segment revenue - U.S.
 
$
70,221

 
$
57,252

 
$
134,618

 
$
110,697

Franchise segment revenue - International
 
1,591

 
898

 
2,956

 
2,065

Franchise segment total
 
71,812

 
58,150

 
137,574

 
112,762

Corporate-owned stores - U.S.
 
38,592

 
33,125

 
75,541

 
64,697

Corporate-owned stores - International
 
1,103

 
1,127

 
2,198

 
2,262

Corporate-owned stores total
 
39,695

 
34,252

 
77,739

 
66,959

Equipment segment - U.S.
 
70,154

 
48,148

 
115,165

 
82,161

Equipment segment total
 
70,154

 
48,148

 
115,165

 
82,161

Total revenue
 
$
181,661

 
$
140,550

 
$
330,478

 
$
261,882


Franchise segment revenue includes franchise revenue, NAF revenue, and commission income.
Franchise revenue includes revenue generated from placement services of $5,071 and $3,079 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $7,836 and $5,177 for the six months June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Segment EBITDA
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Franchise
 
$
49,860

 
$
40,041

 
$
97,220

 
$
76,719

Corporate-owned stores
 
18,137

 
14,666

 
33,706

 
26,837

Equipment
 
16,772

 
11,457

 
27,179

 
18,925

Corporate and other
 
(10,370
)
 
(9,236
)
 
(23,932
)
 
(17,978
)
Total Segment EBITDA
 
$
74,399

 
$
56,928

 
$
134,173

 
$
104,503


 
The following table reconciles total Segment EBITDA to income before taxes:
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Total Segment EBITDA
 
$
74,399

 
$
56,928

 
$
134,173

 
$
104,503

Less:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
10,577

 
8,619

 
20,484

 
17,084

Other expense
 
(1,444
)
 
(502
)
 
(4,762
)
 
(310
)
Income from operations
 
65,266

 
48,811

 
118,451

 
87,729

Interest income
 
1,979

 
418

 
3,777

 
455

Interest expense
 
(14,636
)
 
(9,046
)
 
(29,385
)
 
(17,816
)
Other expense
 
(1,444
)
 
(502
)
 
(4,762
)
 
(310
)
Income before income taxes
 
$
51,165

 
$
39,681

 
$
88,081

 
$
70,058


The following table summarizes the Company’s assets by reportable segment: 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Franchise
 
$
351,615

 
$
319,422

Corporate-owned stores
 
370,212

 
243,221

Equipment
 
185,284

 
210,462

Unallocated
 
616,356

 
580,311

Total consolidated assets
 
$
1,523,467

 
$
1,353,416


The table above includes $1,730 and $1,892 of long-lived assets located in the Company’s corporate-owned stores in Canada as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. All other assets are located in the U.S.
The following table summarizes the Company’s goodwill by reportable segment: 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Franchise
 
$
16,938

 
$
16,938

Corporate-owned stores
 
97,148

 
89,909

Equipment
 
92,666

 
92,666

Consolidated goodwill
 
$
206,752

 
$
199,513


v3.19.2
Corporate-Owned and Franchisee-Owned Stores
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Franchisors [Abstract]  
Corporate-Owned and Franchisee-Owned Stores Corporate-Owned and Franchisee-Owned Stores

The following table shows changes in our corporate-owned and franchisee-owned stores for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
 
 
For the three months ended
June 30,
 
For the six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Franchisee-owned stores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stores operated at beginning of period
 
1,730

 
1,497

 
1,666

 
1,456

New stores opened
 
53

 
44

 
118

 
91

Stores debranded, sold or consolidated(1)
 
(4
)
 
(1
)
 
(5
)
 
(7
)
Stores operated at end of period
 
1,779

 
1,540

 
1,779

 
1,540

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate-owned stores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stores operated at beginning of period
 
76

 
68

 
76

 
62

Stores acquired from franchisees
 
4

 

 
4

 
6

Stores operated at end of period
 
80

 
68

 
80

 
68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total stores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stores operated at beginning of period
 
1,806

 
1,565

 
1,742

 
1,518

New stores opened
 
53

 
44

 
118

 
91

Stores acquired, debranded, sold or consolidated(1)
 

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Stores operated at end of period
 
1,859

 
1,608

 
1,859

 
1,608

 (1)
The term “debrand” refers to a franchisee-owned store whose right to use the Planet Fitness brand and marks has been terminated in accordance with the franchise agreement. We retain the right to prevent debranded stores from continuing to operate as fitness centers. The term “consolidated” refers to the combination of a franchisee’s store with another store located in close proximity with our prior approval. This often coincides with an enlargement, re-equipment and/or refurbishment of the remaining store.
v3.19.2
Revenue recognition
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue recognition Revenue recognition
Contract Liabilities
Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue resulting from initial and renewal franchise fees and ADA fees paid by franchisees, as well as transfer fees, which are generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the underlying franchise agreement. Also included are corporate-owned store enrollment fees, annual fees and monthly fees as well as deferred equipment rebates relating to our equipment business. We classify these contract liabilities as deferred revenue in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The following table reflects the change in contract liabilities between December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019.

 
Contract liabilities
Balance at December 31, 2018
$
49,862

Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability at the beginning of the year
(18,868
)
Increase, excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period
25,730

Balance at June 30, 2019
$
56,724


The following table illustrates estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of June 30, 2019. The Company has elected to exclude short term contracts, sales and usage based royalties and any other variable consideration recognized on an "as invoiced" basis.
Contract liabilities to be recognized in:
 
Amount
Remainder of 2019
 
$
19,848

2020
 
9,080

2021
 
2,910

2022
 
2,748

2023
 
2,505

Thereafter
 
19,633

Total
 
$
56,724


v3.19.2
Leases
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases

The Company leases space to operate corporate-owned stores, equipment, office, and warehouse space. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For leases beginning in 2019 and later, we account for fixed lease and non-lease components together as a single, combined lease component. Variable lease costs, which may include common area maintenance, insurance, and taxes are not included in the lease liability and are expensed in the period incurred.
Our corporate-owned store leases generally have remaining terms of one to ten years, and typically include one or more renewal options, with renewal terms that can generally extend the lease term from three to ten years or more. The exercise of lease renewal options is at our sole discretion. The Company includes options to renew in the expected term when they are reasonably certain to be exercised. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term.
Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date. Operating lease liabilities represent the present value of lease payments not yet paid. Operating lease ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset and are based upon the operating lease liabilities adjusted for prepayments or accrued lease payments, initial direct costs and lease incentives. To determine the present value of lease payments not yet paid, we estimate incremental secured borrowing rates corresponding to the maturities of the leases based upon interpolated rates using our Class A-2 Notes.
The Company has certain non-real estate leases that are accounted for as finance leases under ASC 842, which is similar to the accounting for capital leases under the previous standard. These leases are immaterial, and therefore the Company has not included them in them in the tables below, except for their location on the consolidated balance sheet.
Our leases typically contain rent escalations over the lease term. We recognize expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Additionally, tenant incentives used to fund leasehold improvements are recognized when earned and reduce our ROU asset related to the lease. These tenant incentives are amortized as reduction of rent expense over the lease term.
Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
For periods prior to January 1, 2019, the Company recognized rent expense related to leases on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The difference between rent expense and rent paid, if any, as a result of escalation provisions and lease incentives, such as tenant improvements provided by lessors, was recorded as deferred rent in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.
Leases
 
Classification
 
June 30, 2019
Assets
 
 
 
 
Operating lease assets
 
Right of use asset, net
 
$
115,390

Finance lease assets
 
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation
 
268

Total lease assets
 
 
 
$
115,658

 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
Operating
 
Other current liabilities
 
$
13,277

Noncurrent:
 
 
 
 
Operating
 
Lease liabilities, net of current portion
 
113,748

Financing
 
Other liabilities
 
299

Total lease liabilities
 
 
 
$
127,324

 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) - operating leases
 
8.2

 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases
 
5.0
%


During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the components of lease cost were as follows:
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2019
 
Six months ended June 30, 2019
Operating lease cost
 
$
4,951

 
$
9,796

Variable lease cost
 
2,033

 
3,973

Total lease cost
 
$
6,984

 
$
13,769



The Company's costs related to short-term leases, those with a duration between one and twelve months, were immaterial.

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information related to leases were as follows:
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2019
 
Six months ended June 30, 2019
Cash paid for lease liabilities
 
$
4,718

 
$
9,365

Operating assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities
 
$
2,981

 
$
2,981



As of June 30, 2019, maturities of lease liabilities were as follows:
 
 
Amount
Remainder of 2019
 
$
9,663

2020
 
19,676

2021
 
20,026

2022
 
19,722

2023
 
18,565

Thereafter
 
68,811

Total lease payments
 
$
156,463

Less: imputed interest
 
29,139

Present value of lease liabilities
 
$
127,324



As of June 30, 2019, operating lease payments exclude approximately $50,927 of legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced.

As of December 31, 2018, under the previous accounting guidance for leases, approximate annual future commitments under noncancelable operating leases were as follows:
 
Amount
2019
$
15,911

2020
15,219

2021
13,454

2022
12,561

2023
11,133

Thereafter
45,324

Total
$
113,602


Leases Leases

The Company leases space to operate corporate-owned stores, equipment, office, and warehouse space. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For leases beginning in 2019 and later, we account for fixed lease and non-lease components together as a single, combined lease component. Variable lease costs, which may include common area maintenance, insurance, and taxes are not included in the lease liability and are expensed in the period incurred.
Our corporate-owned store leases generally have remaining terms of one to ten years, and typically include one or more renewal options, with renewal terms that can generally extend the lease term from three to ten years or more. The exercise of lease renewal options is at our sole discretion. The Company includes options to renew in the expected term when they are reasonably certain to be exercised. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term.
Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date. Operating lease liabilities represent the present value of lease payments not yet paid. Operating lease ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset and are based upon the operating lease liabilities adjusted for prepayments or accrued lease payments, initial direct costs and lease incentives. To determine the present value of lease payments not yet paid, we estimate incremental secured borrowing rates corresponding to the maturities of the leases based upon interpolated rates using our Class A-2 Notes.
The Company has certain non-real estate leases that are accounted for as finance leases under ASC 842, which is similar to the accounting for capital leases under the previous standard. These leases are immaterial, and therefore the Company has not included them in them in the tables below, except for their location on the consolidated balance sheet.
Our leases typically contain rent escalations over the lease term. We recognize expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Additionally, tenant incentives used to fund leasehold improvements are recognized when earned and reduce our ROU asset related to the lease. These tenant incentives are amortized as reduction of rent expense over the lease term.
Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
For periods prior to January 1, 2019, the Company recognized rent expense related to leases on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The difference between rent expense and rent paid, if any, as a result of escalation provisions and lease incentives, such as tenant improvements provided by lessors, was recorded as deferred rent in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.
Leases
 
Classification
 
June 30, 2019
Assets
 
 
 
 
Operating lease assets
 
Right of use asset, net
 
$
115,390

Finance lease assets
 
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation
 
268

Total lease assets
 
 
 
$
115,658

 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
Operating
 
Other current liabilities
 
$
13,277

Noncurrent:
 
 
 
 
Operating
 
Lease liabilities, net of current portion
 
113,748

Financing
 
Other liabilities
 
299

Total lease liabilities
 
 
 
$
127,324

 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) - operating leases
 
8.2

 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases
 
5.0
%


During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the components of lease cost were as follows:
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2019
 
Six months ended June 30, 2019
Operating lease cost
 
$
4,951

 
$
9,796

Variable lease cost
 
2,033

 
3,973

Total lease cost
 
$
6,984

 
$
13,769



The Company's costs related to short-term leases, those with a duration between one and twelve months, were immaterial.

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information related to leases were as follows:
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2019
 
Six months ended June 30, 2019
Cash paid for lease liabilities
 
$
4,718

 
$
9,365

Operating assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities
 
$
2,981

 
$
2,981



As of June 30, 2019, maturities of lease liabilities were as follows:
 
 
Amount
Remainder of 2019
 
$
9,663

2020
 
19,676

2021
 
20,026

2022
 
19,722

2023
 
18,565

Thereafter
 
68,811

Total lease payments
 
$
156,463

Less: imputed interest
 
29,139

Present value of lease liabilities
 
$
127,324



As of June 30, 2019, operating lease payments exclude approximately $50,927 of legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced.

As of December 31, 2018, under the previous accounting guidance for leases, approximate annual future commitments under noncancelable operating leases were as follows:
 
Amount
2019
$
15,911

2020
15,219

2021
13,454

2022
12,561

2023
11,133

Thereafter
45,324

Total
$
113,602


v3.19.2
Summary of significant accounting policies (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of presentation and consolidation Basis of presentation and consolidation
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations, financial position and cash flows for the periods presented have been reflected. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are unaudited. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (the “Annual Report”) filed with the SEC on March 1, 2019. Operating results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.
As discussed in Note 1, Planet Fitness, Inc. consolidates Pla-Fit Holdings. The Company also consolidates entities in which it has a controlling financial interest, the usual condition of which is ownership of a majority voting interest. The Company also considers for consolidation certain interests where the controlling financial interest may be achieved through arrangements that do not involve voting interests. Such an entity, known as a variable interest entity (“VIE”), is required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is considered to possess the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly
impact its economic performance and has the obligation to absorb losses or the rights to receive benefits from the VIE that are significant to it. The principal entities in which the Company possesses a variable interest include franchise entities and certain other entities. The Company is not deemed to be the primary beneficiary for Planet Fitness franchise entities. Therefore, these entities are not consolidated.
The results of the Company have been consolidated with Matthew Michael Realty LLC (“MMR”), PF Melville LLC (“PF Melville”), and Planet Fitness NAF, LLC (the “NAF”) based on the determination that the Company is the primary beneficiary with respect to these VIEs. MMR and PF Melville are real estate holding companies that derive a majority of their financial support from the Company through lease agreements for corporate stores. See Note 3 for further information related to the Company’s VIEs. The NAF is an advertising fund on behalf of which the Company collects 2% of gross monthly membership dues from franchisees, in accordance with the provisions of the franchise agreements, and uses the amounts received to support our national marketing campaigns, our social media platforms and the development of local advertising materials.
Use of estimates Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on management’s knowledge of current events and actions it may undertake in the future, they may ultimately differ from actual results. Significant areas where estimates and judgments are relied upon by management in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, valuation of assets and liabilities in connection with acquisitions, valuation of equity-based compensation awards, the evaluation of the recoverability of goodwill and long-lived assets, including intangible assets, income taxes, including deferred tax assets and liabilities and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits, the liability for the Company’s tax benefit arrangements, and the value of the lease liability and related right-of-use asset recorded in accordance with ASC 842 (see Note 2(d) and 16).
Fair Value Fair Value
ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are defined as follows:
Level 1—Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2—Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
Level 3—Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
Recent accounting pronouncements Recent accounting pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB established Topic 842, Leases, by issuing ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, in February 2016. Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No. 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; and ASU No. 2018-11, Targeted Improvements. This guidance is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The new guidance requires lessees to recognize the assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by leases with lease terms of more than 12 months, amends various other aspects of accounting for leases by lessees and lessors, and requires enhanced disclosures. Leases will be
classified as finance or operating, with the classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition within the income statement.
The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2019 and used the effective date as our date of initial application. Consequently, financial information has not been updated and the disclosures required under the new standard are not provided for dates and periods before January 1, 2019. The new guidance also provides several practical expedients and policies that companies may elect upon transition. The Company has elected the package of practical expedients under which it did not reassess the classification of its existing leases, reevaluate whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases or reassess initial direct costs under the new guidance. The Company did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements, as it is not applicable to its leases. Additionally, the Company elected to use the practical expedient that permits a reassessment of lease terms for existing leases using hindsight.
The new standard also provides practical expedients for an entity’s ongoing accounting. The Company elected the short-term lease recognition exemption. This means, for those leases that qualify, the Company will not recognize right-of-use ("ROU") assets or lease liabilities, and this includes not recognizing ROU assets or lease liabilities for existing short-term leases of those assets in transition. The Company also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components.
Upon transition to the new guidance on January 1, 2019, the Company recognized approximately $130,000 of operating lease liabilities. Additionally, the Company recorded ROU assets in a corresponding amount, net of amounts reclassified from other assets and liabilities, including deferred rent, tenant improvement allowances, and favorable lease assets, as specified by the new lease guidance. In connection with the election of the hindsight practical expedient related to reassessing lease terms for existing leases as of January 1, 2019, the Company recorded a cumulative transition adjustment of $1,713 through retained earnings, net of tax.
The FASB issued ASU No. 2017-4, Intangibles–Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, in January 2017. This guidance eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value, essentially eliminating step two from the goodwill impairment test. The new standard requires goodwill impairment to be based upon the results of step one of the impairment test, which is defined as the excess of the carrying value of a reporting unit over its fair value. The impairment charge will be limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that year. This new guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
The FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract, in August 2018. The guidance helps align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). This guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that year, but allows for early adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
v3.19.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Company's Liabilities Measured at Fair Value
The carrying value and estimated fair value of long-term debt as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows:
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Carrying value
 
Estimated fair value(1)
 
Carrying value
 
Estimated fair value(1)
Long-term debt
 
$
1,191,000

 
$
1,237,779

 
$
1,197,000

 
$
1,188,985

(1) The estimated fair value of our long-term debt is estimated primarily based on current bid prices for our long-term debt. Judgment is required to develop these estimates. As such, the fair value of our long-term debt is classified within Level 2, as defined under U.S. GAAP.
v3.19.2
Variable Interest Entities (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Variable Interest Entity, Consolidated, Carrying Amount, Assets and Liabilities, Net [Abstract]  
Carrying Value of Variable Interest Entities of Consolidated Financial Statements
The carrying values of VIEs included in the consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows: 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
PF Melville
 
$
2,762

 
$

 
$
4,787

 
$

MMR
 
2,260

 

 
3,563

 

Total
 
$
5,022

 
$

 
$
8,350

 
$


v3.19.2
Acquisitions (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Business Combinations [Abstract]  
Purchase Consideration Allocation
The preliminary purchase consideration was allocated as follows:
 
Amount
Fixed assets
$
999

Reacquired franchise rights
6,740

Customer relationships
30

Unfavorable leases, net
(140
)
Other assets
78

Goodwill
7,239

Liabilities assumed, including deferred revenues
(145
)
 
$
14,801


The purchase consideration was allocated as follows:
 
Amount
Fixed assets
$
4,672

Reacquired franchise rights
7,640

Customer relationships
1,150

Favorable leases, net
520

Reacquired area development rights
150

Other assets
275

Goodwill
14,056

Liabilities assumed, including deferred revenues
(310
)
 
$
28,153


The purchase consideration was allocated as follows:
 
Amount
Fixed assets
$
3,873

Reacquired franchise rights
4,610

Customer relationships
140

Favorable leases, net
80

Other assets
143

Goodwill
8,476

Liabilities assumed, including deferred revenues
(83
)
 
$
17,239


v3.19.2
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Summary of Goodwill and Intangible Assets
A summary of goodwill and intangible assets at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is as follows: 
June 30, 2019
 
Weighted
average
amortization
period (years)
 
Gross
carrying
amount
 
Accumulated
amortization
 
Net carrying
Amount
Customer relationships
 
11.0
 
$
173,093

 
(105,797
)
 
$
67,296

Noncompete agreements
 
5.0
 
14,500

 
(14,500
)
 

Order backlog
 
0.4
 
3,400

 
(3,400
)
 

Reacquired franchise rights
 
7.4
 
28,089

 
(10,260
)
 
17,829

 
 
 
 
219,082

 
(133,957
)
 
85,125

Indefinite-lived intangible:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade and brand names
 
N/A
 
146,300

 

 
146,300

Total intangible assets
 
 
 
$
365,382

 
$
(133,957
)
 
$
231,425

Goodwill
 
 
 
$
206,752

 
$

 
$
206,752

 
 
December 31, 2018
 
Weighted
average
amortization
period (years)
 
Gross
carrying
amount
 
Accumulated
amortization
 
Net carrying
Amount
Customer relationships
 
11.0
 
$
173,063

 
$
(99,439
)
 
$
73,624

Noncompete agreements
 
5.0
 
14,500

 
(14,500
)
 

Favorable leases
 
8.0
 
4,017

 
(2,345
)
 
1,672

Order backlog
 
0.4
 
3,400

 
(3,400
)
 

Reacquired franchise rights
 
7.0
 
21,349

 
(8,615
)
 
12,734

 
 
 
 
216,329

 
(128,299
)
 
88,030

Indefinite-lived intangible:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade and brand names
 
N/A
 
146,300

 

 
146,300

Total intangible assets
 
 
 
$
362,629

 
$
(128,299
)
 
$
234,330

Goodwill
 
 
 
$
199,513

 
$

 
$
199,513


Summary of Amortization expenses The anticipated annual amortization expense related to intangible assets to be recognized in future years as of June 30, 2019 is as follows:
 
Amount
Remainder of 2019
$
8,320

2020
14,968

2021
15,053

2022
15,280

2023
15,185

Thereafter
16,319

Total
$
85,125


v3.19.2
Long-Term Debt (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 consists of the following: 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Class A-2-I notes
 
$
570,688

 
$
573,563

Class A-2-II notes
 
620,312

 
623,437

Total debt, excluding deferred financing costs
 
1,191,000

 
1,197,000

Deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization
 
(22,208
)
 
(24,873
)
Total debt
 
1,168,792

 
1,172,127

Current portion of long-term debt and line of credit
 
12,000

 
12,000

Long-term debt, net of current portion
 
$
1,156,792

 
$
1,160,127


Schedule of Future Annual Payments of Long-term Debt
Future annual principal payments of long-term debt as of June 30, 2019 are as follows: 
 
Amount
Remainder of 2019
$
6,000

2020
12,000

2021
12,000

2022
562,563

2023
6,250

Thereafter
592,187

Total
$
1,191,000


v3.19.2
Related party transactions (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Schedule of Related Party Transactions
Activity with entities considered to be related parties is summarized below: 
 
 
For the three months ended
June 30,
 
For the six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Franchise revenue
 
$
717

 
$
813

 
$
1,233

 
$
1,557

Equipment revenue
 
2,324

 
323

 
2,324

 
323

Total revenue from related parties
 
$
3,041

 
$
1,136

 
3,557

 
$
1,880


v3.19.2
Earnings Per Share (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Reconciliation of Numerators and Denominators Used to Compute Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share
The following table sets forth reconciliations used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock:  
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Numerator
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Net income
 
$
39,827

 
$
30,418

 
$
71,466

 
$
53,912

Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests
 
4,983

 
4,544

 
9,213

 
8,157

Net income attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc.
 
$
34,844

 
$
25,874

 
$
62,253

 
$
45,755

Denominator
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic
 
84,142,975

 
87,693,377

 
83,975,192

 
87,564,596

Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock options
 
643,120

 
389,994

 
614,050

 
351,987

Restricted stock units
 
49,088

 
21,960

 
49,408

 
14,886

Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted
 
84,835,183

 
88,105,331

 
84,638,650

 
87,931,469

Earnings per share of Class A common stock - basic
 
$
0.41

 
$
0.30

 
$
0.74

 
$
0.52

Earnings per share of Class A common stock - diluted
 
$
0.41

 
$
0.29

 
$
0.74

 
$
0.52


v3.19.2
Income Taxes (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Future Payments Under Tax Benefit Arrangements Projected future payments under the tax benefit arrangements are as follows:
 
Amount
Remainder of 2019
$
7,324

2020
25,974

2021
26,594

2022
27,152

2023
27,690

Thereafter
318,871

Total
$
433,605


v3.19.2
Segments (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Summary of Financial Information for the Company's Reportable Segments
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Segment EBITDA
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Franchise
 
$
49,860

 
$
40,041

 
$
97,220

 
$
76,719

Corporate-owned stores
 
18,137

 
14,666

 
33,706

 
26,837

Equipment
 
16,772

 
11,457

 
27,179

 
18,925

Corporate and other
 
(10,370
)
 
(9,236
)
 
(23,932
)
 
(17,978
)
Total Segment EBITDA
 
$
74,399

 
$
56,928

 
$
134,173

 
$
104,503


The tables below summarize the financial information for the Company’s reportable segments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. The “Corporate and other” category, as it relates to Segment EBITDA, primarily includes corporate overhead costs, such as payroll and related benefit costs and professional services which are not directly attributable to any individual segment.
 
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Revenue
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Franchise segment revenue - U.S.
 
$
70,221

 
$
57,252

 
$
134,618

 
$
110,697

Franchise segment revenue - International
 
1,591

 
898

 
2,956

 
2,065

Franchise segment total
 
71,812

 
58,150

 
137,574

 
112,762

Corporate-owned stores - U.S.
 
38,592

 
33,125

 
75,541

 
64,697

Corporate-owned stores - International
 
1,103

 
1,127

 
2,198

 
2,262

Corporate-owned stores total
 
39,695

 
34,252

 
77,739

 
66,959

Equipment segment - U.S.
 
70,154

 
48,148

 
115,165

 
82,161

Equipment segment total
 
70,154

 
48,148

 
115,165

 
82,161

Total revenue
 
$
181,661

 
$
140,550

 
$
330,478

 
$
261,882


Reconciliation of Total Segment EBITDA to Income Before Taxes
The following table reconciles total Segment EBITDA to income before taxes:
 
 
Three months ended
June 30,
 
Six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Total Segment EBITDA
 
$
74,399

 
$
56,928

 
$
134,173

 
$
104,503

Less:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
10,577

 
8,619

 
20,484

 
17,084

Other expense
 
(1,444
)
 
(502
)
 
(4,762
)
 
(310
)
Income from operations
 
65,266

 
48,811

 
118,451

 
87,729

Interest income
 
1,979

 
418

 
3,777

 
455

Interest expense
 
(14,636
)
 
(9,046
)
 
(29,385
)
 
(17,816
)
Other expense
 
(1,444
)
 
(502
)
 
(4,762
)
 
(310
)
Income before income taxes
 
$
51,165

 
$
39,681

 
$
88,081

 
$
70,058


Summary of Company's Assets by Reportable Segment
The following table summarizes the Company’s assets by reportable segment: 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Franchise
 
$
351,615

 
$
319,422

Corporate-owned stores
 
370,212

 
243,221

Equipment
 
185,284

 
210,462

Unallocated
 
616,356

 
580,311

Total consolidated assets
 
$
1,523,467

 
$
1,353,416


Summary of Company's Goodwill by Reportable Segment
The following table summarizes the Company’s goodwill by reportable segment: 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Franchise
 
$
16,938

 
$
16,938

Corporate-owned stores
 
97,148

 
89,909

Equipment
 
92,666

 
92,666

Consolidated goodwill
 
$
206,752

 
$
199,513


v3.19.2
Corporate-Owned and Franchisee-Owned Stores (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Franchisors [Abstract]  
Schedule of Changes in Corporate-Owned and Franchisee-Owned Stores

The following table shows changes in our corporate-owned and franchisee-owned stores for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
 
 
For the three months ended
June 30,
 
For the six months ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Franchisee-owned stores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stores operated at beginning of period
 
1,730

 
1,497

 
1,666

 
1,456

New stores opened
 
53

 
44

 
118

 
91

Stores debranded, sold or consolidated(1)
 
(4
)
 
(1
)
 
(5
)
 
(7
)
Stores operated at end of period
 
1,779

 
1,540

 
1,779

 
1,540

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate-owned stores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stores operated at beginning of period
 
76

 
68

 
76

 
62

Stores acquired from franchisees
 
4

 

 
4

 
6

Stores operated at end of period
 
80

 
68

 
80

 
68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total stores:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stores operated at beginning of period
 
1,806

 
1,565

 
1,742

 
1,518

New stores opened
 
53

 
44

 
118

 
91

Stores acquired, debranded, sold or consolidated(1)
 

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Stores operated at end of period
 
1,859

 
1,608

 
1,859

 
1,608

 (1)
The term “debrand” refers to a franchisee-owned store whose right to use the Planet Fitness brand and marks has been terminated in accordance with the franchise agreement. We retain the right to prevent debranded stores from continuing to operate as fitness centers. The term “consolidated” refers to the combination of a franchisee’s store with another store located in close proximity with our prior approval. This often coincides with an enlargement, re-equipment and/or refurbishment of the remaining store.
v3.19.2
Revenue recognition (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Schedule of Contract Liabilities The following table reflects the change in contract liabilities between December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019.

 
Contract liabilities
Balance at December 31, 2018
$
49,862

Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability at the beginning of the year
(18,868
)
Increase, excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period
25,730

Balance at June 30, 2019
$
56,724


Remaining Performance Obligation
The following table illustrates estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of June 30, 2019. The Company has elected to exclude short term contracts, sales and usage based royalties and any other variable consideration recognized on an "as invoiced" basis.
Contract liabilities to be recognized in:
 
Amount
Remainder of 2019
 
$
19,848

2020
 
9,080

2021
 
2,910

2022
 
2,748

2023
 
2,505

Thereafter
 
19,633

Total
 
$
56,724


v3.19.2
Leases (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Leases [Abstract]  
Balance Sheet Classification of Lease Assets and Liabilities
Leases
 
Classification
 
June 30, 2019
Assets
 
 
 
 
Operating lease assets
 
Right of use asset, net
 
$
115,390

Finance lease assets
 
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation
 
268

Total lease assets
 
 
 
$
115,658

 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
Operating
 
Other current liabilities
 
$
13,277

Noncurrent:
 
 
 
 
Operating
 
Lease liabilities, net of current portion
 
113,748

Financing
 
Other liabilities
 
299

Total lease liabilities
 
 
 
$
127,324

 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) - operating leases
 
8.2

 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases
 
5.0
%

Components of Lease Cost
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the components of lease cost were as follows:
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2019
 
Six months ended June 30, 2019
Operating lease cost
 
$
4,951

 
$
9,796

Variable lease cost
 
2,033

 
3,973

Total lease cost
 
$
6,984

 
$
13,769


Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information related to leases were as follows:
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2019
 
Six months ended June 30, 2019
Cash paid for lease liabilities
 
$
4,718

 
$
9,365

Operating assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities
 
$
2,981

 
$
2,981



Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information Related to Leases
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the components of lease cost were as follows:
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2019
 
Six months ended June 30, 2019
Operating lease cost
 
$
4,951

 
$
9,796

Variable lease cost
 
2,033

 
3,973

Total lease cost
 
$
6,984

 
$
13,769


Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information related to leases were as follows:
 
 
Three months ended June 30, 2019
 
Six months ended June 30, 2019
Cash paid for lease liabilities
 
$
4,718

 
$
9,365

Operating assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities
 
$
2,981

 
$
2,981



Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities
As of June 30, 2019, maturities of lease liabilities were as follows:
 
 
Amount
Remainder of 2019
 
$
9,663

2020
 
19,676

2021
 
20,026

2022
 
19,722

2023
 
18,565

Thereafter
 
68,811

Total lease payments
 
$
156,463

Less: imputed interest
 
29,139

Present value of lease liabilities
 
$
127,324


Previous Accounting Guidance For Future Commitments Under Noncancelable Operating Leases
As of December 31, 2018, under the previous accounting guidance for leases, approximate annual future commitments under noncancelable operating leases were as follows:
 
Amount
2019
$
15,911

2020
15,219

2021
13,454

2022
12,561

2023
11,133

Thereafter
45,324

Total
$
113,602


v3.19.2
Business Organization - Additional Information (Detail)
member in Millions
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
member
store
state
segment
Mar. 31, 2019
store
Dec. 31, 2018
store
Jun. 30, 2018
store
Mar. 31, 2018
store
Dec. 31, 2017
store
Aug. 05, 2015
Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]              
Number of owned and franchised locations | store 1,859 1,806 1,742 1,608 1,565 1,518  
Number of states in which entity operates | state 50            
Number of reportable segments | segment 3            
Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC              
Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]              
Percentage of ownership 100.00%           100.00%
Percentage of economic interest 90.70%            
Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC | Holdings Units              
Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]              
Percentage of economic interest 9.30%            
Planet Intermediate, LLC | Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC              
Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]              
Percentage of ownership             100.00%
Planet Fitness Holdings, LLC | Planet Intermediate, LLC              
Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]              
Percentage of ownership             100.00%
Minimum              
Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]              
Number of members (more than) | member 14.0            
v3.19.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
6 Months Ended
Jan. 01, 2019
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]      
Present value of lease liabilities   $ 127,324  
Cumulative transition adjustment   $ (1,713) $ (9,192)
Planet Fitness NAF, LLC      
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]      
Percentage of franchise membership billing revenue   2.00%  
ASU 2016-02      
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]      
Present value of lease liabilities $ 130,000    
Cumulative transition adjustment $ 1,713    
v3.19.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Company's Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Carrying value    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt $ 1,191,000 $ 1,197,000
Estimated fair value    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt $ 1,237,779 $ 1,188,985
v3.19.2
Variable Interest Entities - Carrying Value of Variable Interest Entities of Consolidated Financial Statements (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]    
Assets $ 5,022 $ 8,350
Liabilities 0 0
PF Melville    
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]    
Assets 2,762 4,787
Liabilities 0 0
MMR    
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]    
Assets 2,260 3,563
Liabilities $ 0 $ 0
v3.19.2
Variable Interest Entities - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Variable Interest Entity, Consolidated, Carrying Amount, Assets and Liabilities, Net [Abstract]    
Maximum obligation of guarantees of leases and debt $ 10,443,000 $ 732,000
Franchisee lease term, maximum 10 years  
Maximum loss exposure Involvement of estimated value $ 0  
v3.19.2
Acquisitions - Narrative (Details)
$ in Thousands
May 30, 2019
USD ($)
store
Aug. 10, 2018
USD ($)
store
Jan. 01, 2018
USD ($)
store
Jun. 30, 2019
store
Mar. 31, 2019
store
Dec. 31, 2018
store
Jun. 30, 2018
store
Mar. 31, 2018
store
Dec. 31, 2017
store
Business Acquisition [Line Items]                  
Number of owned and franchised locations | store       1,859 1,806 1,742 1,608 1,565 1,518
Maine Acquisition                  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]                  
Number of owned and franchised locations | store 4                
Acquisition, gross cash payments $ 14,801                
Colorado Acquisition                  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]                  
Number of owned and franchised locations | store   4              
Acquisition, gross cash payments   $ 17,249              
Loss on reacquired franchise rights   10              
Consideration transferred   $ 17,239              
Long Island Acquisition                  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]                  
Number of owned and franchised locations | store     6            
Acquisition, gross cash payments     $ 28,503            
Loss on reacquired franchise rights     350            
Consideration transferred     $ 28,153            
v3.19.2
Acquisitions - Purchase Consideration Allocation (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
May 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Aug. 10, 2018
Jan. 01, 2018
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Goodwill $ 206,752   $ 199,513    
Maine Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Fixed assets   $ 999      
Unfavorable leases, net   (140)      
Other assets   78      
Goodwill   7,239      
Liabilities assumed, including deferred revenues   (145)      
Net assets acquired   14,801      
Colorado Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Fixed assets       $ 3,873  
Other assets       143  
Goodwill       8,476  
Liabilities assumed, including deferred revenues       (83)  
Net assets acquired       17,239  
Long Island Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Fixed assets         $ 4,672
Other assets         275
Goodwill         14,056
Liabilities assumed, including deferred revenues         (310)
Net assets acquired         28,153
Reacquired franchise rights | Maine Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangible assets   6,740      
Reacquired franchise rights | Colorado Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangible assets       4,610  
Reacquired franchise rights | Long Island Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangible assets         7,640
Customer relationships | Maine Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangible assets   $ 30      
Customer relationships | Colorado Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangible assets       140  
Customer relationships | Long Island Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangible assets         1,150
Favorable leases, net | Colorado Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangible assets       $ 80  
Favorable leases, net | Long Island Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangible assets         520
Reacquired area development rights | Long Island Acquisition          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangible assets         $ 150
v3.19.2
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Summary of Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross carrying amount $ 219,082 $ 216,329
Accumulated amortization (133,957) (128,299)
Net carrying Amount 85,125 88,030
Total intangible assets, Gross carrying amount 365,382 362,629
Total intangible assets, Net carrying Amount 231,425 234,330
Goodwill, gross carrying amount 206,752 199,513
Goodwill, Accumulated amortization 0 0
Goodwill, net carrying amount 206,752 199,513
Trade and brand names    
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Indefinite-lived intangible assets $ 146,300 $ 146,300
Customer relationships    
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Weighted average amortization period (years) 11 years 11 years
Gross carrying amount $ 173,093 $ 173,063
Accumulated amortization (105,797) (99,439)
Net carrying Amount $ 67,296 $ 73,624
Noncompete agreements    
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Weighted average amortization period (years) 5 years 5 years
Gross carrying amount $ 14,500 $ 14,500
Accumulated amortization (14,500) (14,500)
Net carrying Amount $ 0 $ 0
Favorable leases    
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Weighted average amortization period (years)   8 years
Gross carrying amount   $ 4,017
Accumulated amortization   (2,345)
Net carrying Amount   $ 1,672
Order backlog    
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Weighted average amortization period (years) 12 days 12 days
Gross carrying amount $ 3,400 $ 3,400
Accumulated amortization (3,400) (3,400)
Net carrying Amount $ 0 $ 0
Reacquired franchise rights    
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Weighted average amortization period (years) 7 years 4 months 24 days 7 years
Gross carrying amount $ 28,089 $ 21,349
Accumulated amortization (10,260) (8,615)
Net carrying Amount $ 17,829 $ 12,734
v3.19.2
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Additional Information (Detail)
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
store
Jun. 30, 2018
USD ($)
store
Mar. 31, 2018
USD ($)
store
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
store
Jun. 30, 2018
USD ($)
store
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
store
May 30, 2019
store
Mar. 31, 2019
store
Dec. 31, 2017
store
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]                  
Impairment charges       $ 0   $ 0      
Number of owned and franchised locations | store 1,859 1,608 1,565 1,859 1,608 1,742   1,806 1,518
Amortization of intangible assets $ 4,019,000 $ 4,012,000   $ 8,025,000 $ 8,025,000        
Favorable and Unfavorable Leases                  
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]                  
Amortization of intangible assets     $ 92,000   $ 183,000        
Maine Acquisition                  
Goodwill And Intangible Assets [Line Items]                  
Number of owned and franchised locations | store             4    
v3.19.2
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Summary of Amortization expenses (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]    
Remainder of 2019 $ 8,320  
2020 14,968  
2021 15,053  
2022 15,280  
2023 15,185  
Thereafter 16,319  
Net carrying Amount $ 85,125 $ 88,030
v3.19.2
Long-Term Debt - Schedule of Long-Term Debt (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt, excluding deferred financing costs $ 1,191,000 $ 1,197,000
Deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization (22,208) (24,873)
Total debt 1,168,792 1,172,127
Current portion of long-term debt and line of credit 12,000 12,000
Long-term debt, net of current maturities 1,156,792 1,160,127
Class A-2-I notes | Senior fixed-rate term notes    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt, excluding deferred financing costs 570,688 573,563
Class A-2-II notes | Senior fixed-rate term notes    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt, excluding deferred financing costs $ 620,312 $ 623,437
v3.19.2
Long-Term Debt - Schedule of Future Annual Payments of Long-term Debt (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]    
Remainder of 2019 $ 6,000  
2020 12,000  
2021 12,000  
2022 562,563  
2023 6,250  
Thereafter 592,187  
Total $ 1,191,000 $ 1,197,000
v3.19.2
Long-Term Debt - Narrative (Details)
1 Months Ended
Aug. 01, 2018
USD ($)
extension
Sep. 30, 2023
Aug. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Debt issuance costs incurred $ 27,133,000        
Restricted cash       $ 30,576,000 $ 30,708,000
Loss on extinguishment of debt     $ 4,570,000    
Interest rate caps | Cash Flow Hedging          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Derivative liability, notional amount 219,837,000        
Variable funding notes | Revolving Financing Facility          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Debt face amount $ 75,000,000        
Commitment fee percentage 0.50%        
Number of additional extensions | extension 2        
Term of extension 1 year        
Variable funding notes | Revolving Financing Facility | Scenario, Forecast          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Line of credit interest rate   5.00%      
Class A-2-I notes | Senior fixed-rate term notes          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Fixed interest rate 4.262%        
Debt face amount $ 575,000,000        
Class A-2-II notes | Senior fixed-rate term notes          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Fixed interest rate 4.666%        
Debt face amount $ 625,000,000        
v3.19.2
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Dec. 31, 2018
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]          
Unrealized gain on interest rate caps, net of tax $ 0 $ 17,000 $ 0 $ 383,000  
Interest rate caps          
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]          
Interest rate caps $ 0   $ 0   $ 0
Unrealized gain on interest rate caps, net of tax   17,000   383,000  
Unrealized gain on interest rate caps, tax   $ 5,000   $ 130,000  
v3.19.2
Related Party Transactions - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Dec. 31, 2018
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]          
Liability payable under tax benefit obligations $ 55,504   $ 55,504   $ 59,458
Administrative fees charged 3,041 $ 1,136 3,557 $ 1,880  
Planet Fitness NAF, LLC          
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]          
Administrative fees charged   $ 556   $ 1,196  
Area Development Agreements          
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]          
Deferred area development revenue from related parties 299   299   $ 779
Administrative Service | Planet Fitness NAF, LLC          
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]          
Administrative fees charged 695   1,369    
Civil Action Brought By Former Employee | Pending Litigation          
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]          
Receivables due from related parties $ 412   $ 412    
v3.19.2
Related Party Transactions - Schedule of Related Party Transactions (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]        
Total revenue from related parties $ 3,041 $ 1,136 $ 3,557 $ 1,880
Franchise revenue        
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]        
Total revenue from related parties 717 813 1,233 1,557
Equipment revenue        
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]        
Total revenue from related parties $ 2,324 $ 323 $ 2,324 $ 323
v3.19.2
Stockholder's Equity - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2019
Nov. 14, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2019
Nov. 13, 2018
Aug. 03, 2018
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount           $ 500,000,000
Repurchase and retirement of common stock     $ 1,000 $ 1,000    
Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Number of shares exchanged       865,810    
Holdings Units            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Number of shares exchanged       865,810    
Investor | Secondary Offering and Exchange            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Number of units held by owners (in shares)     83,994,635 83,994,635    
Investor | Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC | Secondary Offering and Exchange            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Percentage of economic interest       90.70%    
Continuing LLC Owners | Secondary Offering and Exchange            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Number of units held by owners (in shares)     8,581,920 8,581,920    
Continuing LLC Owners | Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC | Secondary Offering and Exchange            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Percentage of economic interest       9.30%    
Holdings Units            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Shares exchanged for Class A common stock       1    
Class A Common Stock            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Number of shares exchanged       865,810    
Class A Common Stock | Investor | Secondary Offering and Exchange            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Number of units held by owners (in shares)     83,994,635 83,994,635    
Class A Common Stock | Investor | Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC | Secondary Offering and Exchange            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Percentage of voting interests acquired     90.70% 90.70%    
Class B Common Stock            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Shares exchanged for Class A common stock       1    
Number of shares exchanged       865,810    
Class B Common Stock | Continuing LLC Owners | Secondary Offering and Exchange            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Number of units held by owners (in shares)     8,581,920 8,581,920    
Class B Common Stock | Continuing LLC Owners | Pla-Fit Holdings, LLC | Secondary Offering and Exchange            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Percentage of voting interests acquired     9.30% 9.30%    
ASR Agreement            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount         $ 300,000,000  
Repurchase and retirement of common stock $ 60,000,000 $ 240,000,000        
ASR Agreement | Class A Common Stock            
Class of Stock [Line Items]            
Stock repurchased (in shares) 524,124 4,607,410        
Weighted average cost per share (in dollars per share) $ 58.46          
v3.19.2
Earnings Per Share - Additional Information (Detail) - shares
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Stock Options        
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]        
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the calculation of earnings per share 72,984 164,341 36,648 82,165
Restricted Stock Units        
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]        
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the calculation of earnings per share     1,209 579
Holdings Units        
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]        
Shares exchanged for Class A common stock     1  
Class B Common Stock        
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]        
Shares exchanged for Class A common stock     1  
Class B Common Stock | Equity Unit Purchase Agreements        
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]        
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the calculation of earnings per share 8,585,294 10,704,794 8,910,315 10,828,471
v3.19.2
Earnings Per Share - Reconciliation of Numerators and Denominators Used to Compute Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share (Detail) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Numerator        
Net income $ 39,827 $ 30,418 $ 71,466 $ 53,912
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests 4,983 4,544 9,213 8,157
Net income attributable to Planet Fitness, Inc. $ 34,844 $ 25,874 $ 62,253 $ 45,755
Stock Options        
Effect of dilutive securities:        
Weighted-average shares outstanding adjustment (in shares) 643,120 389,994 614,050 351,987
Restricted Stock Units        
Effect of dilutive securities:        
Weighted-average shares outstanding adjustment (in shares) 49,088 21,960 49,408 14,886
Class A Common Stock        
Denominator        
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic (in shares) 84,142,975 87,693,377 83,975,192 87,564,596
Effect of dilutive securities:        
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted (in shares) 84,835,183 88,105,331 84,638,650 87,931,469
Earnings per share of Class A common stock - basic (in dollars per share) $ 0.41 $ 0.30 $ 0.74 $ 0.52
Earnings per share of Class A common stock - diluted (in dollars per share) $ 0.41 $ 0.29 $ 0.74 $ 0.52
v3.19.2
Income Taxes - Additional information (Detail)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
agreement
shares
Jun. 30, 2018
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]          
Effective income tax rate 22.20% 23.30% 18.90% 23.00%  
Net deferred tax assets $ 423,773   $ 423,773   $ 412,538
Total liability related to uncertain tax positions 430   $ 430   300
Number of tax receivable agreements | agreement     2    
Percentage of remaining tax savings     15.00%    
Tax benefit obligation $ 433,605   $ 433,605   $ 429,233
TRA Holders          
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]          
Applicable tax savings 85.00%   85.00%    
Decrease in deferred tax assets     $ 639    
Deferred tax asset $ 20,040   20,040    
Deferred tax liability $ 17,016   $ 17,016    
Class A Common Stock          
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]          
Number of shares exchanged | shares     865,810    
Class A Common Stock | TRA Holders          
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]          
Number of shares exchanged | shares     865,810    
v3.19.2
Income Taxes - Schedule of Future Payments Under Tax Benefit Arrangements (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]    
Remainder of 2019 $ 7,324  
2020 25,974  
2021 26,594  
2022 27,152  
2023 27,690  
Thereafter 318,871  
Total $ 433,605 $ 429,233
v3.19.2
Commitments and contingencies - Additional Information (Details) - Pending Litigation - Civil Action Brought By Former Employee - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
May 03, 2019
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]    
Damages sought $ 4,109 $ 6,185
Estimate of possible loss 1,237  
Loss contingency, receivable 1,237  
Receivables due from related parties $ 412  
v3.19.2
Segments - Additional Information (Detail)
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2018
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
segment
Jun. 30, 2018
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]          
Number of reportable segments | segment     3    
Number of operating segments | segment     0    
Revenue $ 181,661,000 $ 140,550,000 $ 330,478,000 $ 261,882,000  
Franchise revenue          
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]          
Revenue 71,812,000 58,150,000 137,574,000 112,762,000  
Franchise revenue | Placement Services          
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]          
Revenue 5,071,000 3,079,000 7,836,000 5,177,000  
Corporate-owned Stores          
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]          
Revenue 39,695,000 $ 34,252,000 77,739,000 $ 66,959,000  
Corporate-owned Stores | Canada          
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]          
Long-lived assets $ 1,730,000   1,730,000   $ 1,892,000
Intersegment Eliminations          
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]          
Revenue     $ 0    
v3.19.2
Segments - Summary of Financial Information for the Company's Reportable Segments (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Revenue $ 181,661 $ 140,550 $ 330,478 $ 261,882
Total Segment EBITDA 74,399 56,928 134,173 104,503
Corporate And Other Non Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total Segment EBITDA (10,370) (9,236) (23,932) (17,978)
Franchise revenue        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Revenue 71,812 58,150 137,574 112,762
Franchise revenue | Operating Segments        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total Segment EBITDA 49,860 40,041 97,220 76,719
Franchise revenue | US        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Revenue 70,221 57,252 134,618 110,697
Franchise revenue | International        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Revenue 1,591 898 2,956 2,065
Corporate-owned Stores        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Revenue 39,695 34,252 77,739 66,959
Corporate-owned Stores | Operating Segments        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total Segment EBITDA 18,137 14,666 33,706 26,837
Corporate-owned Stores | US        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Revenue 38,592 33,125 75,541 64,697
Corporate-owned Stores | International        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Revenue 1,103 1,127 2,198 2,262
Equipment revenue        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Revenue 70,154 48,148 115,165 82,161
Equipment revenue | Operating Segments        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total Segment EBITDA 16,772 11,457 27,179 18,925
Equipment revenue | US        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Revenue $ 70,154 $ 48,148 $ 115,165 $ 82,161
v3.19.2
Segments - Reconciliation of Total Segment EBITDA to Income Before Taxes (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]        
Total Segment EBITDA $ 74,399 $ 56,928 $ 134,173 $ 104,503
Depreciation and amortization 10,577 8,619 20,484 17,084
Other expense (1,444) (502) (4,762) (310)
Income from operations 65,266 48,811 118,451 87,729
Interest income 1,979 418 3,777 455
Interest expense (14,636) (9,046) (29,385) (17,816)
Income before income taxes $ 51,165 $ 39,681 $ 88,081 $ 70,058
v3.19.2
Segments - Summary of Company's Assets by Reportable Segment (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]    
Total consolidated assets $ 1,523,467 $ 1,353,416
Operating Segments | Franchise revenue    
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]    
Total consolidated assets 351,615 319,422
Operating Segments | Corporate-owned Stores    
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]    
Total consolidated assets 370,212 243,221
Operating Segments | Equipment revenue    
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]    
Total consolidated assets 185,284 210,462
Unallocated    
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]    
Total consolidated assets $ 616,356 $ 580,311
v3.19.2
Segments - Summary of Company's Goodwill by Reportable Segment (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting, Other Significant Reconciling Item [Line Items]    
Goodwill, net carrying amount $ 206,752 $ 199,513
Franchise revenue    
Segment Reporting, Other Significant Reconciling Item [Line Items]    
Goodwill, net carrying amount 16,938 16,938
Corporate-owned Stores    
Segment Reporting, Other Significant Reconciling Item [Line Items]    
Goodwill, net carrying amount 97,148 89,909
Equipment revenue    
Segment Reporting, Other Significant Reconciling Item [Line Items]    
Goodwill, net carrying amount $ 92,666 $ 92,666
v3.19.2
Corporate-Owned and Franchisee-Owned Stores - Schedule of Changes in Corporate-owned and Franchisee-owned Stores (Detail) - store
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Number Of Stores [Roll Forward]        
Stores operated at beginning of period 1,806 1,565 1,742 1,518
New stores opened 53 44 118 91
Stores acquired, debranded, sold or consolidated 0 (1) (1) (1)
Stores operated at end of period 1,859 1,608 1,859 1,608
Franchisee-Owned Stores        
Number Of Stores [Roll Forward]        
Stores operated at beginning of period 1,730 1,497 1,666 1,456
New stores opened 53 44 118 91
Stores acquired, debranded, sold or consolidated (4) (1) (5) (7)
Stores operated at end of period 1,779 1,540 1,779 1,540
Corporate-Owned Stores        
Number Of Stores [Roll Forward]        
Stores operated at beginning of period 76 68 76 62
Stores acquired from franchisees 4 0 4 6
Stores operated at end of period 80 68 80 68
v3.19.2
Revenue recognition - Schedule of Contract Liabilities (Details)
$ in Thousands
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Contract liabilities  
Beginning Balance $ 49,862
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability at the beginning of the year (18,868)
Increase, excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period 25,730
Ending Balance $ 56,724
v3.19.2
Revenue recognition - Remaining Performance Obligation (Details)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Remaining performance obligation $ 56,724
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2019-04-01  
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Remaining performance obligation $ 19,848
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2019-07-01  
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]  
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction 6 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-01-01  
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Remaining performance obligation $ 9,080
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]  
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction 1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2021-01-01  
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Remaining performance obligation $ 2,910
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]  
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction 1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2022-01-01  
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Remaining performance obligation $ 2,748
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]  
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction 1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2023-01-01  
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Remaining performance obligation $ 2,505
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]  
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction 1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01  
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Remaining performance obligation $ 19,633
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]  
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction
v3.19.2
Leases - Additional Information (Details)
$ in Thousands
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]  
Lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced $ 50,927
Minimum  
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]  
Remaining lease term 1 year
Renewal term 3 years
Maximum  
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]  
Remaining lease term 10 years
Renewal term 10 years
v3.19.2
Leases - Balance Sheet Classification of Lease Assets and Liabilities (Details)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
Operating lease assets $ 115,390
Finance lease assets 268
Total lease assets 115,658
Current operating lease liabilities 13,277
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities 113,748
Noncurrent finance lease liabilities 299
Total lease liabilities $ 127,324
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) - operating leases 8 years 2 months 12 days
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases 5.00%
v3.19.2
Leases Leases - Components of Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2019
Leases [Abstract]    
Operating lease cost $ 4,951 $ 9,796
Variable lease cost 2,033 3,973
Total lease cost $ 6,984 $ 13,769
v3.19.2
Leases Leases - Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2018
Leases [Abstract]    
Cash paid for lease liabilities $ 4,718 $ 9,365
Operating assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities $ 2,981 $ 2,981
v3.19.2
Leases Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
Remainder of 2019 $ 9,663
2020 19,676
2021 20,026
2022 19,722
2023 18,565
Thereafter 68,811
Total lease payments 156,463
Less: imputed interest 29,139
Present value of lease liabilities $ 127,324
v3.19.2
Leases - Under previous guidance (Details)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
2019 $ 15,911
2020 15,219
2021 13,454
2022 12,561
2023 11,133
Thereafter 45,324
Total $ 113,602