PAYPAL HOLDINGS, INC., 10-K filed on 2/10/2023
Annual Report
v3.22.4
Cover Page - USD ($)
$ in Billions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Feb. 03, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Cover [Abstract]      
Document Type 10-K    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2022    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
Document Transition Report false    
Entity File Number 001-36859    
Entity Registrant Name PayPal Holdings, Inc.    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE    
Entity Tax Identification Number 47-2989869    
Entity Address, Address Line One 2211 North First Street    
Entity Address, City or Town San Jose,    
Entity Address, State or Province CA    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 95131    
City Area Code 408    
Local Phone Number 967-1000    
Title of 12(b) Security Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share    
Entity Trading Symbol PYPL    
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer    
Entity Small Business false    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Public Float     $ 80.7
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)   1,131,373,298  
Documents Incorporated by Reference Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated herein by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent stated herein. Such proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.    
Entity Central Index Key 0001633917    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2022    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
Amendment Flag false    
v3.22.4
Audit Information
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Audit Information [Abstract]  
Auditor Name PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Auditor Firm ID 238
Auditor Location San Jose, California
v3.22.4
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Current assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 7,776 $ 5,197
Short-term investments 3,092 4,303
Accounts receivable, net 963 800
Loans and interest receivable, net of allowances of $598 and $491 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively 7,431 4,846
Funds receivable and customer accounts 36,357 36,141
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 1,898 1,287
Total current assets 57,517 52,574
Long-term investments 5,018 6,797
Property and equipment, net 1,730 1,909
Goodwill 11,209 11,454
Intangible assets, net 788 1,332
Other assets 2,455 1,737
Total assets 78,717 75,803
Current liabilities:    
Accounts payable 126 197
Funds payable and amounts due to customers 40,107 38,841
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 4,055 3,755
Income taxes payable 813 236
Total current liabilities 45,101 43,029
Deferred tax liability and other long-term liabilities 2,925 2,998
Long-term debt 10,417 8,049
Total liabilities 58,443 54,076
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Equity:    
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 4,000 shares authorized; 1,136 and 1,168 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively 0 0
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 100 shares authorized, unissued 0 0
Treasury stock at cost, 173 and 132 shares as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively (16,079) (11,880)
Additional paid-in-capital 18,327 17,208
Retained earnings 18,954 16,535
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (928) (136)
Total equity 20,274 21,727
Total liabilities and equity $ 78,717 $ 75,803
v3.22.4
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (PARENTHETICAL) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]    
Loans and interest receivable, allowances $ 598 $ 491
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.0001 $ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 4,000,000,000 4,000,000,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 1,136,000,000 1,168,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.0001 $ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) 100,000,000 100,000,000
Treasury stock, shares (in shares) 173,000,000 132,000,000
v3.22.4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Income Statement [Abstract]      
Net revenues $ 27,518 $ 25,371 $ 21,454
Operating expenses:      
Transaction expense 12,173 10,315 7,934
Transaction and credit losses 1,572 1,060 1,741
Customer support and operations 2,120 2,075 1,778
Sales and marketing 2,257 2,445 1,861
Technology and development 3,253 3,038 2,642
General and administrative 2,099 2,114 2,070
Restructuring and other charges 207 62 139
Total operating expenses 23,681 21,109 18,165
Operating income 3,837 4,262 3,289
Other income (expense), net (471) (163) 1,776
Income before income taxes 3,366 4,099 5,065
Income tax expense (benefit) 947 (70) 863
Net income (loss) $ 2,419 $ 4,169 $ 4,202
Net income (loss) per share:      
Basic (in dollars per share) $ 2.10 $ 3.55 $ 3.58
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ 2.09 $ 3.52 $ 3.54
Weighted average shares:      
Basic (in shares) 1,154 1,174 1,173
Diluted (in shares) 1,158 1,186 1,187
v3.22.4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]      
Net income (loss) $ 2,419 $ 4,169 $ 4,202
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of reclassification adjustments:      
Foreign currency translation adjustments (“CTA”) (305) (72) (48)
Net investment hedges CTA (losses) gains, net (25) 0 55
Tax benefit on net investment hedges CTA losses, net 6 0 0
Unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, net (88) 522 (329)
Tax benefit (expense) on unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, net 4 (26) 4
Unrealized (losses) gains on investments, net (504) (98) 9
Tax benefit (expense) on unrealized (losses) gains on investments, net 120 22 (2)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (792) 348 (311)
Comprehensive income (loss) $ 1,627 $ 4,517 $ 3,891
v3.22.4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
Total
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Common Stock Shares
Treasury Stock
Additional Paid-In Capital
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Retained Earnings
Retained Earnings
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Noncontrolling Interest
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019     1,173            
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2019 $ 16,929 $ (178)   $ (6,872) $ 15,588 $ (173) $ 8,342 $ (178) $ 44
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity                  
Net income (loss) 4,202           4,202    
Foreign CTA (48)         (48)      
Net investment hedges CTA (losses) gains, net 55         55      
Tax benefit on net investment hedges CTA losses, net 0                
Unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, net (329)         (329)      
Tax benefit (expense) on unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, net 4         4      
Unrealized (losses) gains on investments, net 9         9      
Tax benefit (expense) on unrealized (losses) gains on investments, net (2)         (2)      
Common stock and stock-based awards issued and assumed, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)     11            
Common stock and stock-based awards issued, net of shares withheld for employee taxes $ (365)       (365)        
Common stock repurchased (in shares) (12)   (12)            
Common stock repurchased $ (1,635)     (1,635)          
Stock-based compensation 1,421       1,421        
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020     1,172            
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2020 20,063     (8,507) 16,644 (484) 12,366   44
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity                  
Net income (loss) 4,169           4,169    
Foreign CTA (72)         (72)      
Net investment hedges CTA (losses) gains, net 0                
Tax benefit on net investment hedges CTA losses, net 0                
Unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, net 522         522      
Tax benefit (expense) on unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, net (26)         (26)      
Unrealized (losses) gains on investments, net (98)         (98)      
Tax benefit (expense) on unrealized (losses) gains on investments, net 22         22      
Common stock and stock-based awards issued and assumed, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)     11            
Common stock and stock-based awards issued, net of shares withheld for employee taxes $ (881)       (881)        
Common stock repurchased (in shares) (15)   (15)            
Common stock repurchased $ (3,373)     (3,373)          
Stock-based compensation 1,445       1,445        
Change in noncontrolling interest $ (44)               (44)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021 1,168   1,168            
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2021 $ 21,727     (11,880) 17,208 (136) 16,535   0
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity                  
Net income (loss) 2,419           2,419    
Foreign CTA (305)         (305)      
Net investment hedges CTA (losses) gains, net (25)         (25)      
Tax benefit on net investment hedges CTA losses, net 6         6      
Unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, net (88)         (88)      
Tax benefit (expense) on unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, net 4         4      
Unrealized (losses) gains on investments, net (504)         (504)      
Tax benefit (expense) on unrealized (losses) gains on investments, net 120         120      
Common stock and stock-based awards issued and assumed, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)     9            
Common stock and stock-based awards issued, net of shares withheld for employee taxes $ (195)       (195)        
Common stock repurchased (in shares) (41)   (41)            
Common stock repurchased $ (4,199)     (4,199)          
Stock-based compensation 1,313       1,313        
Other $ 1       1        
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022 1,136   1,136            
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 20,274     $ (16,079) $ 18,327 $ (928) $ 18,954   $ 0
v3.22.4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income (loss) $ 2,419 $ 4,169 $ 4,202
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Transaction and credit losses 1,572 1,060 1,741
Depreciation and amortization 1,317 1,265 1,189
Stock-based compensation 1,261 1,376 1,376
Deferred income taxes (811) (482) 165
Net (gains) losses on strategic investments 304 (46) (1,914)
Other 205 100 47
Changes in assets and liabilities:      
Accounts receivable (163) (222) (100)
Transaction loss allowance for cash losses, net (1,230) (1,178) (1,120)
Other current assets and non-current assets 118 (486) (171)
Accounts payable (35) (31) (4)
Income taxes payable 373 73 (230)
Other current liabilities and non-current liabilities 483 199 1,038
Net cash provided by operating activities 5,813 5,797 6,219
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Purchases of property and equipment (706) (908) (866)
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment 5 5 120
Purchases and originations of loans receivable (28,170) (13,420) (6,098)
Principal repayment of loans receivable 24,903 11,826 6,392
Purchases of investments (20,219) (40,116) (41,513)
Maturities and sales of investments 23,411 39,698 30,908
Acquisitions, net of cash and restricted cash acquired 0 (2,763) (3,609)
Funds receivable (2,813) 193 (1,552)
Collateral posted related to derivative instruments, net (19) 336 (327)
Other investing activities 187 0 0
Net cash used in investing activities (3,421) (5,149) (16,545)
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from issuance of common stock 143 162 137
Purchases of treasury stock (4,199) (3,373) (1,635)
Tax withholdings related to net share settlements of equity awards (336) (1,036) (521)
Borrowings under financing arrangements 3,475 272 6,966
Repayments under financing arrangements (1,686) (361) (3,000)
Funds payable and amounts due to customers 1,498 3,572 10,597
Collateral received related to derivative instruments, net (6) 207 (38)
Other financing activities 1 0 (52)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (1,110) (557) 12,454
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash (155) (102) 169
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 1,127 (11) 2,297
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period 18,029 18,040 15,743
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period 19,156 18,029 18,040
Supplemental cash flow disclosures:      
Cash paid for interest 280 231 190
Cash paid for income taxes, net 878 474 565
The table below reconciles cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as reported in the consolidated balance sheets to the total of the same amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows:      
Cash and cash equivalents 7,776 5,197 4,794
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows 19,156 18,029 18,040
Short-term and long-term investments      
The table below reconciles cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as reported in the consolidated balance sheets to the total of the same amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows:      
Restricted cash and cash equivalents 17 109 24
Funds receivable and customer accounts      
The table below reconciles cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as reported in the consolidated balance sheets to the total of the same amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows:      
Restricted cash and cash equivalents $ 11,363 $ 12,723 $ 13,222
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
OVERVIEW AND ORGANIZATION

PayPal Holdings, Inc. (“PayPal,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) was incorporated in Delaware in January 2015 and is a leading technology platform that enables digital payments and simplifies commerce experiences on behalf of merchants and consumers worldwide. PayPal is committed to democratizing financial services to help improve the financial health of individuals and to increase economic opportunity for entrepreneurs and businesses of all sizes around the world. Our goal is to enable our merchants and consumers to manage and move their money anywhere in the world in the markets we serve, anytime, on any platform, and using any device when sending payments or getting paid, including person-to-person payments.

We operate globally and in a rapidly evolving regulatory environment characterized by a heightened focus by regulators globally on all aspects of the payments industry, including countering terrorist financing, anti-money laundering, privacy, cybersecurity, and consumer protection. The laws and regulations applicable to us, including those enacted prior to the advent of digital payments, continue to evolve through legislative and regulatory action and judicial interpretation. New or changing laws and regulations, including changes to their interpretation and implementation, as well as increased penalties and enforcement actions related to non-compliance, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition. We monitor these areas closely and are focused on designing compliant solutions for our customers.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation and principles of consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of PayPal and our wholly- and majority-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The noncontrolling interest reported in a prior period was a component of equity on our consolidated balance sheets and represented the equity interests not owned by PayPal, and was recorded for consolidated entities we controlled and of which we owned less than 100%. Noncontrolling interest was not presented separately on our consolidated statements of income (loss) as the amount was de minimis.
Investments in entities where we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. For such investments, our share of the investee’s results of operations is included in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of income (loss). Investments in entities where we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the investee are accounted for at fair value or cost minus impairment, if any, adjusted for changes resulting from observable price changes, which are included in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of income (loss). Our investment balance is included in long-term investments on our consolidated balance sheets.
We determine at the inception of each investment, and re-evaluate if certain events occur, whether an entity in which we have made an investment is considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”). If we determine an investment is in a VIE, we then assess if we are the primary beneficiary, which would require consolidation.
As of December 31, 2021, we had consolidated two VIEs that provided financing for and held loans receivable of Paidy, Inc. (“Paidy”). We were the primary beneficiary of the VIEs as we performed the servicing and collection for the loans receivable, which were the activities that most significantly impacted the VIE’s economic performance, and we had the obligation to absorb the losses and/or the right to receive the benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to these entities. The financial results of these VIEs were included in our consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2021, the carrying value of the assets and liabilities of our consolidated VIEs was included as short-term investments of $87 million, loans and interest receivable, net of $21 million, and long-term debt of $98 million. Cash of $87 million, included in short-term investments, was restricted to settle the debt obligations. In the first quarter of 2022, we terminated Paidy’s legacy debt structure and replaced it with a new credit agreement executed in February 2022. As a result, we no longer have any consolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2022. See “Note 12—Debt” for additional information.
As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the carrying value of our investments in nonconsolidated VIEs was $128 million and $74 million, respectively, and is included as non-marketable equity securities applying the equity method of accounting in long-term investments on our consolidated balance sheets. Our maximum exposure to loss related to our nonconsolidated VIEs, which represents funded commitments and any future funding commitments, was $232 million and $205 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
In the opinion of management, these consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements for all periods presented. Certain amounts for prior years have been reclassified to conform to the financial statement presentation as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. 

Reclassifications

Beginning with the fourth quarter of 2022, we reclassified certain cash flows related to our collateral security arrangements for derivative instruments from cash flows from operating activities to cash flows from investing activities and cash flows from financing activities within the consolidated statements of cash flows. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

The current period presentation classifies all changes in collateral posted and collateral received related to derivative instruments on our consolidated statements of cash flows as cash flows from investing activities and cash flows from financing activities, respectively. We believe that the current period presentation provides a more meaningful representation of the nature of the cash flows and allows for greater transparency as the cash flows related to the derivatives impact operating cash flows upon settlement exclusive of the offsetting cash flows from collateral.

The following tables present the effects of the changes on the presentation of these cash flows to the previously reported consolidated statements of cash flows:
Year Ended December 31, 2021
(In millions)
As Previously Reported (1)
AdjustmentsReclassified
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities(2)
$6,340 $(543)$5,797 
Investing activities(3)
(5,485)336 (5,149)
Financing activities(4)
(764)207 (557)
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(102)— (102)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$(11)$— $(11)
(1) As reported in our 2021 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 3, 2022.
(2) Financial statement lines impacted in operating activities were “Other current assets and non-current assets” and “Other current liabilities and non-current liabilities,” which decreased by $336 million and $207 million, respectively, to arrive at the reclassified amounts.
(3) Financial statement line impacted in investing activities was “Collateral posted related to derivative instruments, net.”
(4) Financial statement line impacted in financing activities was “Collateral received related to derivative instruments, net.”
Year Ended December 31, 2020
(In millions)
As Previously Reported (1)
AdjustmentsReclassified
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities(2)
$5,854 $365 $6,219 
Investing activities(3)
(16,218)(327)(16,545)
Financing activities(4)
12,492 (38)12,454 
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash169 — 169 
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$2,297 $— $2,297 
(1) As reported in our 2021 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 3, 2022.
(2) Financial statement lines impacted in operating activities were “other current assets and non-current assets” and “other current liabilities and non-current liabilities,” which increased by $327 million and $38 million, respectively, to arrive at the reclassified amounts.
(3) Financial statement line impacted in investing activities was “Collateral posted related to derivative instruments, net.”
(4) Financial statement line impacted in financing activities was “Collateral received related to derivative instruments, net.”

Use of estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with United States (“U.S.”) generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to provisions for transaction and credit losses, income taxes, loss contingencies, revenue recognition, the valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, and the valuation of strategic investments. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions which we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased and are comprised of primarily bank deposits, government and agency securities, and commercial paper.

Investments

Short-term investments include time deposits and available-for-sale debt securities with original maturities of greater than three months but less than one year when purchased or maturities of one year or less on the reporting date. Long-term investments include time deposits and available-for-sale debt securities with maturities exceeding one year on the reporting date, as well as our strategic investments. Our available-for-sale debt securities are reported at fair value using the specific identification method. Unrealized gains and losses are reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss), net of related estimated tax provisions or benefits.
 
We elect to account for available-for-sale debt securities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of our subsidiaries, underlying funds receivable and customer accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments, under the fair value option as further discussed in “Note 9—Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities.” The changes in fair value related to initial measurement and subsequent changes in fair value are included in earnings as a component of other income (expense), net.
Our strategic investments consist of marketable equity securities, which are publicly traded, and non-marketable equity securities, which are primarily investments in privately held companies. Marketable equity securities have readily determinable fair values with changes in fair value recorded in other income (expense), net. Non-marketable equity securities include investments that do not have a readily determinable fair value, as well as equity method investments. The investments that do not have readily determinable fair value are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, and are adjusted for changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment in the same issuer (the “Measurement Alternative”). Non-marketable equity securities also include our investments where we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee and account for these securities using the equity method of accounting. All gains and losses on these investments, realized and unrealized, and our share of earnings or losses from investments accounted for using the equity method are recognized in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of income (loss).

We assess whether an impairment loss on our non-marketable, measurement alternative investments has occurred based on qualitative factors such as the companies’ financial condition and business outlook, industry performance, regulatory, economic or technological environment, and other relevant events and factors affecting the company. We assess whether an other-than-temporary impairment loss on our equity method investments has occurred due to declines in fair value or other market conditions. When indicators of impairment exist, we estimate the fair value of our non-marketable equity securities using the market approach and/or the income approach. Estimating fair value requires judgment and use of estimates such as discount rates, forecasted cash flows, and market data of comparable companies, among others. If any impairment is identified for non-marketable equity securities or impairment is considered other-than-temporary for our equity method investments, we write down the investment to its fair value and record the corresponding charge through other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of income (loss). Our available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position are written down to fair value through a charge to other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of income (loss) if we intend to sell the security or it is more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. For the remaining available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, if we identify that the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses, taking into consideration changes to the rating of the security by rating agencies, implied yields versus benchmark yields, and the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, among other factors, we estimate the present value of cash flows expected to be collected. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any portion of impairment not related to credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss).

Loans and interest receivable, net

Loans and interest receivable, net represents merchant receivables originated under our PayPal Working Capital (“PPWC”) product and PayPal Business Loan (“PPBL”) product and consumer loans originated under our PayPal Credit and installment credit products. PayPal Credit consists of revolving credit products.

In the U.S., PPWC, PPBL, and consumer interest-bearing installment products are provided under a program agreement we have with an independent chartered financial institution (“partner institution”). The partner institution extends credit to merchants for the PPWC and PPBL products and to consumers for interest-bearing installment products and we purchase the related receivables originated by the partner institution. For our merchant finance products outside the U.S., we extend working capital advances and loans in Europe through our Luxembourg banking subsidiary, and working capital loans in Australia through an Australian subsidiary. In the U.S., we extend certain short-term, interest-free, installment loans to consumers through a U.S. subsidiary. For our international consumer credit products, we extend credit in Europe through our Luxembourg banking subsidiary, and in Australia and Japan, through local subsidiaries.

As part of our arrangement with the partner institution in the U.S., we sell back a participation interest in the pool of receivables for the PPWC, PPBL, and consumer interest-bearing installment products. The partner institution has no recourse against us related to their participation interests for failure of debtors to pay when due. The participation interests held by the partner institution have the same priority to the interests held by us and are subject to the same credit, prepayment, and interest rate risk associated with this pool of receivables. All risks of loss are shared pro rata based on participation interests held among all participating stakeholders. We account for the asset transfer as a sale and derecognize the portion of the participation interests for which control has been surrendered. For this arrangement, gains or losses on the sale of the participation interests are not material as the carrying amount of the participation interest sold approximates the fair value at time of transfer.
In certain instances where a merchant is able to demonstrate that it is experiencing financial difficulty, there may be a modification of the loan or advance and the related interest or fee receivable for which it is probable that, without modification, we would be unable to collect all amounts due, therefore resulting in a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”). Refer to “Note 11—Loans and Interest Receivable” for further information related to TDRs.

Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable are reported at their outstanding balances, net of any participation interests sold and unamortized deferred origination costs. We maintain the servicing rights for the entire pool of consumer and merchant receivables outstanding and receive a market-based service fee for servicing the assets underlying the participation interest sold.

We offer both revolving and installment credit products to our consumers. The terms of our consumer relationships require us to submit monthly bills to the consumer detailing loan repayment requirements. The terms also allow us to charge the consumer interest and fees in certain circumstances. Due to the relatively small dollar amount of individual loans and interest receivable, we do not require collateral on these balances.

Another partner institution is the exclusive issuer of the PayPal Credit consumer financing program in the U.S. We do not hold an ownership interest in the receivables generated through the program and therefore, do not record these receivables on our consolidated financial statements. PayPal earns a revenue share on the portfolio of consumer receivables owned by the partner institution, which is recorded in revenues from other value added services on our consolidated statements of income (loss).

Allowance for loans and interest receivable

The allowance for loans and interest receivable represents our estimate of current expected credit losses inherent in our portfolio of loans and interest receivables. Increases to the allowance for loans receivable are reflected as a component of transaction and credit losses on our consolidated statements of income (loss). Increases to the allowance for interest and fees receivable are reflected as a reduction of net revenues on our consolidated statements of income (loss), or as a reduction of deferred revenue when interest and fees are billed at the inception of a loan or advance. The evaluation process to assess the adequacy of allowances is subject to numerous estimates and judgments.

The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“CECL”) effective January 1, 2020.

The allowance for merchant loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable is primarily based on expectations of credit losses based on historical lifetime loss data as well as macroeconomic forecasts applied to the portfolio. In the third quarter of 2022, our expected credit loss models for our merchant receivables were updated. These changes did not have a material impact on our provision recorded in the year ended December 31, 2022. The merchant loss models incorporate various portfolio attributes including geographic region, first borrowing versus repeat borrowing, delinquency, internally developed risk ratings, and vintage, as well as macroeconomic factors such as forecasted trends in unemployment and retail e-commerce sales (and through the second quarter of 2022, benchmark credit card charge-off rates.) The forecasted macroeconomic factors are sourced externally, using a single scenario that we believe is most appropriate to the economic conditions applicable to a particular period. The reasonable and supportable forecast period for merchant products that we have included in our projected loss rates for 2022 and 2021, which approximates the estimated life of the loans, is approximately 2.5 to 3.5 years. Projected loss rates, inclusive of historical loss data and macroeconomic factors, are applied to the principal amount of our merchant receivables. We also include qualitative adjustments that incorporate incremental information not captured in the quantitative estimates of our current expected credit losses. The allowance for current expected credit losses on interest and fees receivable is determined primarily by applying loss curves to each portfolio by geography, delinquency, and period of origination, among other factors.
The allowance for consumer loans and interest receivable is primarily based on expectations of credit losses based on historical lifetime loss data. The allowance for loans and interest receivable for our revolving credit product also incorporates macroeconomic forecasts applied to the portfolio. The consumer loss models incorporate various portfolio attributes including geographic region, loan term, delinquency, credit rating, vintage, and for the revolving credit portfolio macroeconomic factors such as forecasted trends in unemployment and household disposable income. The forecasted macroeconomic factors are sourced externally, using a single scenario that we believe is most appropriate to the economic conditions applicable to a particular period. The reasonable and supportable forecast period for revolving products and installment products that we have included in our projected loss rates for 2022, which approximates the estimated life of the loans, is approximately 2 years and approximately 7 months to 3.5 years, respectively. In 2021, the reasonable and supportable forecast periods were consistent with 2022 except for installment products, which had an estimated life of 7 months to 2.5 years. Projected loss rates, inclusive of historical loss data and, for the revolving credit portfolio macroeconomic factors, are derived based on and applied to the principal amount of our consumer receivables. We also include qualitative adjustments that incorporate incremental information not captured in the quantitative estimates of our current expected credit losses, such as expectations of macroeconomic conditions not captured in the loss models for our installment products. The allowance for current expected credit losses on interest and fees receivable is determined primarily by applying loss curves to each portfolio by geography, delinquency, and period of origination, among other factors.

Customer accounts

We hold all customer balances, both in the U.S. and internationally, as direct claims against us which are reflected on our consolidated balance sheets as a liability classified as amounts due to customers. Certain jurisdictions where PayPal operates require us to hold eligible liquid assets, as defined by applicable regulatory requirements and commercial law in these jurisdictions, equal to at least 100% of the aggregate amount of all customer balances. Therefore, we restrict the use of the assets underlying the customer balances to meet these regulatory requirements and separately classify the assets as customer accounts in our consolidated balance sheets. We classify the assets underlying the customer balances as current based on their purpose and availability to fulfill our direct obligation under amounts due to customers. Customer funds for which PayPal is an agent and custodian on behalf of our customers are not reflected on our consolidated balance sheets. These funds include U.S. dollar funds which are deposited at one or more third-party financial institutions insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and are eligible for FDIC pass-through insurance (subject to applicable limits).

Under applicable accounting standards, we are an agent when facilitating cryptocurrency transactions on behalf of our customers. Cryptocurrencies held on behalf of our customers are not PayPal’s assets and therefore, are not reflected as cryptocurrency assets on our consolidated balance sheets; however, we recognize a crypto asset safeguarding liability with a corresponding safeguarding asset to reflect our obligation to safeguard the cryptocurrencies held on behalf of our customers.

In June 2018, the Luxembourg Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier (the “CSSF”) agreed that PayPal’s management may designate up to 35% of European customer balances held in our Luxembourg banking subsidiary to fund European and U.S. credit activities. In August 2022, the CSSF approved PayPal’s management designating up to 50% of such balances to fund our credit activities through the end of February 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2022, an additional $1.1 billion was approved to fund our credit activities. As of December 31, 2022, the cumulative amount approved by management to be designated to fund credit activities aggregated to $3.8 billion and represented approximately 37% of European customer balances made available for our corporate use at that date as determined by applying financial regulations maintained by the CSSF. At the time PayPal’s management designates the European customer balances held in our Luxembourg banking subsidiary to be used to extend credit, the balances are classified as cash and cash equivalents and no longer classified as customer accounts on our consolidated balance sheets. The remaining assets underlying the customer balances remain separately classified as customer accounts on our consolidated balance sheets. We identify these customer accounts separately from corporate funds and maintain them in interest and non-interest bearing bank deposits, time deposits, and available-for-sale debt securities. Customer balances deposited with our partners on a short-term basis in advance of customer transactions and used to fulfill our direct obligation under amounts due to customers are classified as cash and cash equivalents within our customer accounts classification on our consolidated balance sheets. See “Note 8—Funds Receivable and Customer Accounts and Investments” for additional information related to customer accounts.

We present changes in funds receivable and customer accounts as cash flows from investing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows based on the nature of the activity underlying our customer accounts.
Funds receivable and funds payable

Funds receivable and funds payable arise due to the time required to initiate collection from and clear transactions through external payment networks. When customers fund their PayPal account using their bank account, credit card, debit card, or withdraw funds from their PayPal account to their bank account or through a debit card transaction, there is a clearing period before the cash is received or settled, usually one to three business days for U.S. transactions and generally up to five business days for international transactions. In addition, a portion of our customers’ funds are settled directly to their bank account. These funds are also classified as funds receivable and funds payable and arise due to the time required to initiate collection from and clear transactions through external payment networks.

Property and equipment

Property and equipment consists primarily of computer equipment, software and website development costs, land and buildings, leasehold improvements, and furniture and fixtures. Property and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets; generally, one to four years for computer equipment and software, including capitalized software and website development costs, three years for furniture and fixtures, up to 30 years for buildings and building improvements, and the shorter of five years or the non-cancelable term of the lease for leasehold improvements.

Direct costs incurred to develop software for internal use and website development costs, including those costs incurred in expanding and enhancing our payments platform, are capitalized and amortized generally over an estimated useful life of three years and are recorded as amortization within the financial statement captions aligned with the internal organizations that are the primary beneficiaries of such assets. We capitalized $511 million and $462 million of internally developed software and website development costs for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense for these capitalized costs was $426 million, $366 million, and $322 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Costs related to the maintenance of internal use software and website development costs are expensed as incurred.

Leases

We determine whether an arrangement is a lease for accounting purposes at contract inception. Operating leases are recorded as right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, which are included in other assets, and lease liabilities, which are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and deferred tax liability and other long-term liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. For sale-leaseback transactions, we evaluate the sale and the lease arrangement based on our conclusion as to whether control of the underlying asset has been transferred, and recognize the sale-leaseback as either a sale transaction or under the financing method. The financing method requires the asset to remain on our consolidated balance sheets throughout the term of the lease and the proceeds to be recognized as a financing obligation.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Our leases do not provide an implicit rate and therefore we use an incremental borrowing rate for specific terms on a collateralized basis using information available on the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The ROU asset calculation includes lease payments to be made and excludes lease incentives. The ROU asset and lease liability may include amounts attributed to options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain we will exercise that option. When we reach a decision to exercise a lease renewal or termination option, we recognize the associated impact to the ROU asset and lease liability. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We evaluate ROU assets related to leases for indicators of impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an ROU asset may not be recoverable. When a decision has been made to exit a lease prior to the contractual term or to sublease that space, we evaluate the asset for impairment and recognize the associated impact to the ROU asset and related expense, if applicable. The evaluation is performed at the asset group level initially and when appropriate, at the lowest level of identifiable cash flows, which is at the individual lease level. Undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the related ROU assets are estimated over the ROU assets’ useful lives. If the evaluation indicates that the carrying amount of the ROU assets may not be recoverable, any potential impairment is measured based upon the fair value of the related ROU asset or asset group as determined by appropriate valuation techniques.
We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components. We have elected to apply the practical expedient and account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for all leases, where applicable. In addition, we have elected to apply the practical expedients related to lease classification, hindsight, and land easement. We apply a single portfolio approach to account for the ROU assets and lease liabilities.

Goodwill and intangible assets

Goodwill is tested for impairment, at a minimum, on an annual basis at the reporting unit level by first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the reporting unit does not pass the qualitative assessment, then the reporting unit’s carrying value is compared to its fair value. Goodwill is considered impaired if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value. The fair value of the reporting unit may be estimated using income and market approaches. The discounted cash flow method, a form of the income approach, uses expected future operating results and a market participant discount rate. The market approach uses comparable company prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions (either publicly traded entities or mergers and acquisitions) to develop pricing metrics to be applied to historical and expected future operating results of the reporting unit. Failure to achieve these expected results, changes in the discount rate, or market pricing metrics may cause a future impairment of goodwill at the reporting unit level. We conducted our annual impairment test of goodwill as of August 31, 2022 and 2021. We determined that no adjustment to the carrying value of goodwill of our reporting unit was required. As of December 31, 2022, we determined that no events occurred, or circumstances changed from August 31, 2022 through December 31, 2022 that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount.

Intangible assets consist of acquired customer list and user base intangible assets, marketing related intangibles, developed technology, and other intangible assets. Intangible assets are amortized over the period of estimated benefit using the straight-line method and estimated useful lives ranging from two to seven years. No significant residual value is estimated for intangible assets.

Impairment of long-lived assets

We evaluate long-lived assets (including intangible assets) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. An asset is considered impaired if its carrying amount exceeds the future undiscounted cash flow the asset is expected to generate.

Allowance for transaction losses

We are exposed to transaction losses due to credit card and other payment misuse as well as nonperformance from sellers who accept payments through PayPal. We establish an allowance for estimated losses arising from completing customer transactions, such as chargebacks for unauthorized credit card use and merchant-related chargebacks due to non-delivery or unsatisfactory delivery of purchased items, purchase protection program claims, and account takeovers. This allowance represents an accumulation of the estimated amounts of probable transaction losses as of the reporting date, including those which we have not yet identified. The allowance is monitored regularly and is updated based on actual loss data. The allowance is based on known facts and circumstances, internal factors including experience with similar cases, historical trends involving loss payment patterns, and the mix of transaction and loss types, as applicable. Additions to the allowance are reflected as a component of transaction and credit losses on our consolidated statements of income (loss). The allowance for transaction losses is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.
Allowance for negative customer balances

Negative customer balances occur primarily when there are insufficient funds in a customer’s PayPal account to cover charges applied for Automated Clearing House returns, debit card transactions, and merchant-related chargebacks due to non-delivery or unsatisfactory delivery of purchased items, which are generally within the scope of our protection programs. Negative customer balances can be cured by the customer by adding funds to their account, receiving payments, or through back-up funding sources. We also utilize third-party collection agencies. For negative customer balances that are not expected to be cured or otherwise collected, we provide an allowance for expected losses. The allowance represents expected losses based on historical trends involving collection and write-off patterns, internal factors including our experience with similar cases, other known facts and circumstances, and reasonable and supportable macroeconomic forecasts, as applicable. Loss rates are derived using historical loss data for each delinquency bucket using a roll rate model that captures the losses and the likelihood that a negative customer balance will be written off as the delinquency age of such balance increases. The loss rates are then applied to the outstanding negative customer balances. Once the quantitative calculation is performed, we review the adequacy of the allowance and determine if qualitative adjustments need to be considered. We write-off negative customer balances in the month in which the balance becomes outstanding for 120 days. Write-offs that are recovered are recorded as a reduction to our allowance for negative customer balances. Negative customer balances are included in other current assets, net of the allowance on our consolidated balance sheets. Adjustments to the allowance for negative customer balances are recorded as a component of transaction and credit losses on our consolidated statements of income (loss).

Derivative instruments

See “Note 10—Derivative Instruments” for information related to the derivative instruments.

Fair value measurements

We measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis and certain financial and non-financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis when a change in fair value or impairment is evidenced. Fair value is defined as the price received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Fair value is estimated by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs. The categorization within the following three-level fair value hierarchy for our recurring and non-recurring fair value measurements is based upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:
Level 1 - Observable inputs, such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be market-corroborated.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that cannot be directly corroborated by observable market data and that typically reflect management’s estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
See “Note 9—Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities” for additional information related to our fair value measurements.

Crypto asset safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset

See “Note 7—Other Financial Statement Details” for information related to our crypto asset safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset.
Concentrations of risk

Our cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, loans and interest receivable, net, funds receivable and customer accounts, long-term investments, and long-term notes receivable, are potentially subject to concentration of credit risk. Cash, cash equivalents, and customer accounts are placed with financial institutions that management believes are of high credit quality. In addition, funds receivable are generated primarily with financial institutions which management believes are of high credit quality. We invest our cash, cash equivalents, and customer accounts primarily in highly liquid, highly rated instruments which are uninsured. We have corporate deposit balances with financial services institutions which exceed the FDIC insurance limit of $250,000. As part of our cash management process, we perform periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions. Our accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned from customers located in the U.S. and internationally. Our loans and interest receivable are derived from merchant and consumer financing activities for customers located in the U.S. and internationally. Our long-term notes receivable is derived from deferred proceeds associated with the sale of our U.S. consumer credit receivables portfolio to a partner institution in 2018. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, one customer accounted for 20% and 25% of net accounts receivables, respectively. No customer accounted for more than 10% of net loans receivable as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, one partner institution accounted for our long-term notes receivable balance, which represented 18% and 22% of other assets, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, no customer accounted for more than 10% of net revenues. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, we earned approximately 2%, 6%, and 13% of revenue, respectively, from customers on eBay’s Marketplaces platform. No other source of revenue represented more than 10% of our revenue.

Revenue recognition

See “Note 2—Revenue” for information related to our revenue recognition.

Advertising expense

We expense the cost of producing advertisements at the time production occurs and expense the cost of communicating advertisements in the period during which the advertising space or airtime is used as sales and marketing expense. Online advertising expenses are recognized based on the terms of the individual agreements, which are generally over the greater of the ratio of the number of impressions delivered over the total number of contracted impressions, on a pay-per-click basis, or on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract. Advertising expense totaled $518 million, $740 million, and $654 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

Defined contribution savings plans

We have a defined contribution savings plan in the U.S. which qualifies under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (“Code”). Our non-U.S. employees are covered by other savings plans. Expenses related to our defined contribution savings plans are recorded when services are rendered by our employees.

Stock-based compensation

We determine compensation expense associated with restricted stock units, performance based restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards based on the estimated fair value of our common stock on the date of grant. We determine compensation expense associated with stock options based on the estimated grant date fair value method using the Black-Scholes valuation model. We generally recognize compensation expense using a straight-line amortization method over the respective vesting period for awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Accordingly, stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. When estimating forfeitures, we consider voluntary termination behavior of our employees as well as trends of actual forfeitures.
Foreign currency

Many of our foreign subsidiaries have designated the local currency of their respective countries as their functional currency. Assets and liabilities of our non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet dates. Revenues and expenses of our non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using daily exchange rates. Gains and losses resulting from these translations are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”). Gains and losses from the remeasurement of foreign currency transactions into the functional currency are recognized as other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of income (loss).

Income taxes

We account for income taxes using an asset and liability approach which requires the recognition of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the financial statements or tax returns. The measurement of current and deferred tax assets and liabilities is based on provisions of enacted tax laws; the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated. If necessary, the measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced by the amount of any tax benefits that are not expected to be realized based on available evidence. We report a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. We recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. We account for Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income as a current-period expense when incurred.

Other income (expense), net

Other income (expense), net includes: (i) interest income, which consists of interest earned on corporate cash and cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments, (ii) interest expense, which consists of interest expense, fees, and amortization of debt discount on our long-term debt (including current portion) and credit facilities, (iii) realized and unrealized gains (losses) on strategic investments, which includes changes in fair value related to our marketable equity securities and observable price changes and impairments on our non-marketable equity securities, and (iv) other, which primarily includes foreign currency exchange gains and losses due to remeasurement of certain foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities, and fair value changes on the derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments.

Recent accounting guidance

In March 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2022-02, Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”) and Vintage Disclosures (Topic 326): Financial Instruments – Credit Losses. This amended guidance will eliminate the accounting designation of a loan modification as a TDR, including eliminating the measurement guidance for TDRs. The amendments also enhance existing disclosure requirements and introduce new requirements related to modifications of receivables due from borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Additionally, this guidance requires entities to disclose gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables, such as loans and interest receivable. The amended guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 and is required to be applied prospectively, except for the recognition and measurement of TDRs, which can be applied on a modified retrospective basis. We have concluded that our financial statements were not materially impacted upon adoption. We adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2023 on a prospective basis and will provide additional disclosures as required.
Recently adopted accounting guidance

In March 2022, the SEC released Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 121 (“SAB 121”), which provides guidance for an entity to consider when it has obligations to safeguard customers’ crypto assets, whether directly or through an agent or another third party acting on its behalf. The interpretive guidance requires a reporting entity to record a liability to reflect its obligation to safeguard the crypto assets held for its platform users with a corresponding safeguarding asset. The crypto asset safeguarding liability and the corresponding safeguarding asset will be measured at the fair value of the crypto assets held for the platform users with the measurement of the safeguarding asset taking into account any potential loss events. SAB 121 also requires disclosures related to the entity’s safeguarding obligations for crypto assets held for its platform users. SAB 121 was effective in the first interim or annual financial statements ending after June 15, 2022 with retrospective application as of the beginning of the fiscal year. We adopted this guidance for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 with retrospective application as of January 1, 2022. As of June 30, 2022, we recorded $596 million for both the crypto asset safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset, which were classified as accrued expenses and other current liabilities and prepaid expenses and other current assets, respectively, on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. For additional information, see “Note 7—Other Financial Statement Details.”

There are other new accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB that we have adopted or will adopt, as applicable. We do not believe any of these new accounting pronouncements have had, or will have, a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or disclosures.
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REVENUE
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
REVENUE REVENUE
We enable our customers to send and receive payments. We earn revenue primarily by completing payment transactions for our customers on our payments platform and from other value added services. Our revenues are classified into two categories: transaction revenues and revenues from other value added services.

TRANSACTION REVENUES

We earn transaction revenues primarily from fees paid by our customers to receive payments on our platform. These fees may have a fixed and variable component. The variable component is generally a percentage of the value of the payment amount and is known at the time the transaction is processed. For a portion of our transactions, the variable component of the fee is eligible for reimbursement when the underlying transaction is approved for a refund. We estimate the amount of fee refunds that will be processed each quarter and record a provision against our transaction revenues. The volume of activity processed on our payments platform, which results in transaction revenue, is referred to as Total Payment Volume (“TPV”). We earn additional fees from merchants and consumers on transactions where we perform currency conversion, when we enable cross-border transactions (i.e., transactions where the merchant and consumer are in different countries), to facilitate the instant transfer of funds for our customers from their PayPal or Venmo account to their bank account or debit card, to facilitate the purchase and sale of cryptocurrencies, as contractual compensation from sellers that violate our contractual terms (for example, through fraud or counterfeiting), and other miscellaneous fees. Our transaction revenues are also reduced by certain incentives provided to our customers.

Our contracts with our customers are usually open-ended and can be terminated by either party without a termination penalty after the notice period has lapsed. Therefore, our contracts are defined at the transaction level and do not extend beyond the service already provided. Our contracts generally renew automatically without any significant material rights. Some of our contracts include tiered pricing, which are based primarily on volume. The fee charged per transaction is adjusted up or down if the volume processed for a specified period is different from prior period defined volumes. We have concluded that this volume-based pricing approach does not constitute a future material right since the discount is within a range typically offered to a class of customers with similar volume. We do not have any capitalized contract costs and we do not carry any material contract balances.

Our primary service comprises a single performance obligation to complete payments on our payments platform for our customers. Using our risk assessment tools, we perform a transaction risk assessment on individual transactions to determine whether a transaction should be authorized for completion on our payments platform. When we authorize a transaction, we become obligated to our customer to complete the payment transaction.
We recognize fees charged to our customers primarily on a gross basis as transaction revenue when we are the principal in respect of completing a payment transaction. As a principal to the transaction, we control the service of completing payments on our payments platform. We bear primary responsibility for the fulfillment of the payment service, contract directly with our customers, control the product specifications, and define the value proposal from our services. Further, we have full discretion in determining the fee charged to our customers, which is independent of the costs we incur in instances where we may utilize payment processors or other financial institutions to perform services on our behalf. We therefore bear full margin risk when completing a payment transaction. These fees paid to payment processors and other financial institutions are recognized as transaction expense. We are also responsible for providing customer support.

To promote engagement and acquire new users on our platform, we may provide incentives to merchants and consumers in various forms including discounts on fees, rebates, rewards, and coupons. Evaluating whether an incentive is a payment to a customer requires judgment. Incentives that are determined to be consideration payable to a customer or paid on behalf of a customer are recognized as a reduction of revenue. Certain incentives paid to users that are not our customers are classified as sales and marketing expense.

We provide merchants and consumers with protection programs for certain transactions completed on our payments platform. These programs are intended to protect both merchants and consumers from loss primarily due to fraud and counterparty performance. These protection programs do not provide a separate service to our customers and we estimate and record associated costs in transaction and credit losses during the period the payment transaction is completed.

REVENUES FROM OTHER VALUE ADDED SERVICES

We earn revenues from other value added services, which are comprised primarily of revenue earned through partnerships, referral fees, subscription fees, gateway fees, and other services that we provide to our merchants and consumers. These contracts typically have one performance obligation which is provided and recognized over the term of the contract. The transaction price is generally fixed and known at the end of each reporting period; however, for some agreements, it may be necessary to estimate the transaction price using the expected value method. Revenue earned from other value added services is recorded on a net basis when we are considered the agent with respect to processing transactions.

We also earn revenues from interest and fees earned on our portfolio of loans receivable and interest earned on certain assets underlying customer balances. Interest and fees earned on the portfolio of loans receivable are computed and recognized based on the effective interest method and are presented net of any required reserves and amortization of deferred origination costs.

DISAGGREGATION OF REVENUE

We determine operating segments based on how our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) manages the business, makes operating decisions around the allocation of resources, and evaluates operating performance. Our CODM is our Chief Executive Officer, who regularly reviews our operating results on a consolidated basis. We operate as one segment and have one reportable segment. Based on the information provided to and reviewed by our CODM, we believe that the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows and how they are affected by economic factors are most appropriately depicted through our primary geographical markets and types of revenue categories (transaction revenues and revenues from other value added services). Revenues recorded within these categories are earned from similar products and services for which the nature of associated fees and the related revenue recognition models are substantially the same.
The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by primary geographical market and category:
 Year Ended December 31,
 2022  20212020
(In millions)
Primary geographical markets
U.S.$15,807 $13,712 $11,013 
United Kingdom (“U.K.”)2,071 2,340 2,340 
Other countries(1)
9,640 9,319 8,101 
Total net revenues(2)
$27,518 $25,371 $21,454 
Revenue category
Transaction revenues$25,206 $23,402 $19,918 
Revenues from other value added services2,312 1,969 1,536 
Total net revenues(2)
$27,518 $25,371 $21,454 
(1) No single country included in the other countries category generated more than 10% of total revenue.
(2) Total net revenues include $1.3 billion, $425 million, and $597 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, which do not represent revenues recognized in the scope of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from contracts with customers. Such revenues relate to interest and fees earned on loans and interest receivable, as well as hedging gains or losses, and interest earned on certain assets underlying customer balances.

Net revenues are attributed to the country in which the party paying our PayPal fee is located.
v3.22.4
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) for the period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive common stock outstanding for the period. The dilutive effect of outstanding equity incentive awards is reflected in diluted net income (loss) per share by application of the treasury stock method. The calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share excludes all anti-dilutive common shares. During periods when we report net loss, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share because the effects of potentially dilutive items would decrease the net loss per share.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for the periods indicated:
 Year Ended December 31,
20222021  2020
(In millions, except per share amounts)
Numerator:
Net income (loss)$2,419 $4,169 $4,202 
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of common stockbasic
1,154 1,174 1,173 
Dilutive effect of equity incentive awards12 14 
Weighted average shares of common stockdiluted
1,158 1,186 1,187 
Net income (loss) per share:
Basic$2.10 $3.55 $3.58 
Diluted$2.09 $3.52 $3.54 
Common stock equivalents excluded from net income (loss) per diluted share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive or potentially dilutive13 
v3.22.4
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]  
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
There were no acquisitions accounted for as business combinations or divestitures completed in 2022.

ACQUISITIONS COMPLETED IN 2021

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we completed five acquisitions reflecting 100% of the equity interests of the acquired companies, for an aggregate purchase price of $3.1 billion.

Paidy

We completed the acquisition of Paidy in October 2021 by acquiring all outstanding shares for total consideration of approximately $2.7 billion, consisting of approximately $2.6 billion in cash and approximately $161 million in assumed restricted stock and restricted stock units, subject to vesting conditions. Paidy is a two-sided payments platform that primarily provides buy now, pay later solutions (installment credit offerings) in Japan. With the acquisition of Paidy, we expanded our capabilities and relevance in Japan.

The following table summarizes the final allocation of the purchase consideration to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
(In millions)
Goodwill$1,897 
Customer lists and user base512 
Marketing related83 
Developed technology47 
Total intangibles$642 
Loans and interest receivable, net197 
Cash and cash equivalents102 
Other net assets87 
Short-term and long-term debt(188)
Deferred tax liabilities, net(166)
Total purchase price$2,571 

The intangible assets acquired consist primarily of merchant contracts, trade names/trademarks, and developed technology with estimated useful lives of three to seven years. Contractual gross loans and interest receivable acquired were $216 million. We expect to collect substantially all of these receivables. The excess of the purchase consideration, including the fair value of our equity investment, over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is attributable to the workforce of Paidy and the synergies expected to arise from the acquisition, including continued customer acquisition. Goodwill was not deductible for income tax purposes.

In connection with the acquisition, we issued restricted stock and restricted stock units with an approximate grant date fair value of $161 million, which represents post-business combination expense. The equity granted is a combination of shares issued to certain former Paidy employees subject to a holdback arrangement and assumed Paidy employee equity grants, which vest over a period of up to approximately four years subject to continued employment.
Other acquisitions

In 2021, we completed four other acquisitions accounted for as business combinations. The total purchase price for these acquisitions was $542 million, consisting primarily of cash consideration. The allocation of purchase consideration resulted in approximately $90 million of technology, customer, and marketing-related intangible assets with estimated useful lives ranging from approximately one to seven years, net assets of $17 million, and goodwill of approximately $435 million attributable to the workforce of the acquired companies and the synergies expected to arise from these acquisitions, including the integration of the acquired technology with our existing product offerings. Goodwill was not considered deductible for income tax purposes.

ACQUISITIONS COMPLETED IN 2020

During the year ended December 31, 2020, we completed one acquisition reflecting 100% of the equity interests of the acquired company, for a purchase price of $3.6 billion.

Honey Science Corporation

We completed our acquisition of Honey Science Corporation (“Honey”) in January 2020 by acquiring all outstanding shares for total consideration of approximately $4.0 billion, consisting of approximately $3.6 billion in cash and approximately $400 million in assumed restricted stock, restricted stock units, and stock options, subject to vesting conditions. Honey was acquired to enhance our value proposition by allowing us to further simplify and personalize shopping experiences for consumers while driving conversion and increasing consumer engagement and sales for merchants.

The following table summarizes the final allocation of the purchase consideration to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
(In millions)
Goodwill$2,962 
Customer lists and user base115 
Marketing related30 
Developed technology572 
Total intangibles$717 
Accounts receivable, net50 
Deferred tax liabilities, net(58)
Other net liabilities(36)
Total purchase price$3,635 

The intangible assets acquired consist primarily of customer contracts, trade name/trademarks, and developed technology with estimated useful lives of three years. The excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is attributable to the workforce of Honey and the synergies expected to arise from the acquisition through continued customer acquisition, cross selling initiatives, and product enhancements. Goodwill was not deductible for income tax purposes.

In connection with the acquisition, we assumed restricted stock, restricted stock units, and options with an approximate grant date fair value of $400 million, which represents post-business combination expense. The equity granted was a combination of shares issued to certain former Honey employees subject to a holdback arrangement and assumed Honey employee grants, which vest over a period of up to four years and are subject to continued employment.
OTHER INFORMATIONPrior to acquisition, we held minority interests in certain of the companies we acquired in 2021. We remeasured these investments immediately before the completion of the respective acquisitions at a total acquisition-date fair value of $64 million, which resulted in an aggregate gain of $36 million recognized as other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of income (loss). The acquisition-date fair value was derived using the value paid less a control premium based on market analysis performed by a third party.
v3.22.4
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
GOODWILL

The following table presents goodwill balances and adjustments to those balances during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
December 31, 2020Goodwill
Acquired
AdjustmentsDecember 31, 2021Goodwill
Acquired
AdjustmentsDecember 31, 2022
 (In millions)
Total goodwill$9,135 2,355 (36)$11,454 — (245)$11,209 

The goodwill acquired during 2021 was attributable to the five acquisitions completed within 2021 as described in “Note 4—Business Combinations.” The adjustments to goodwill during 2022 and 2021 pertained primarily to foreign currency translation adjustments.

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The components of identifiable intangible assets were as follows:
 December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
 Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Weighted
Average
Useful
Life
(Years)
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Weighted
Average
Useful
Life
(Years)
 (In millions, except years)
Intangible assets:
Customer lists and user base$1,664 $(1,092)$572 7$1,726 $(919)$807 7
Marketing related395 (339)56 5405 (315)90 5
Developed technology1,099 (1,048)51 31,109 (822)287 3
All other438 (329)109 7454 (306)148 7
Intangible assets, net$3,596 $(2,808)$788 $3,694 $(2,362)$1,332 


Amortization expense for intangible assets was $471 million, $443 million, and $451 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.
Expected future intangible asset amortization as of December 31, 2022 was as follows:
Fiscal years:(In millions)
2023$214 
2024196 
2025160 
2026103 
202765 
Thereafter50 
$788 
v3.22.4
LEASES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]  
LEASES LEASES
PayPal enters into various leases, which are primarily real estate operating leases. We use these properties for executive and administrative offices, data centers, product development offices, customer services and operations centers, and warehouses.

While a majority of our lease agreements do not contain an explicit interest rate, certain of our lease agreements are subject to changes based on the Consumer Price Index or another referenced index. In the event of changes to the relevant index, lease liabilities are not remeasured and instead are treated as variable lease payments and recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred.

The short-term lease exemption has been adopted for all leases with a duration of less than 12 months.

PayPal’s lease portfolio includes a small number of subleases. A sublease situation can arise when currently leased real estate space is available and is surplus to operational requirements.

As of December 31, 2022, we had no finance leases.

The components of lease expense were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202220212020
(In millions)
Lease expense
Operating lease expense$171 $170 $166 
Sublease income(8)(8)(6)
Lease expense, net $163 $162 $160 

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:

Year Ended December 31,
202220212020
(In millions)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases$172 $167 $159 
ROU lease assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
$131 $124 $345 
Other non-cash ROU lease asset activity$(52)$(21)$(23)


Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:
As of December 31,
20222021
(In millions, except weighted-average figures)
Operating ROU lease assets$574 $659 
Current operating lease liabilities151 142 
Operating lease liabilities569 620 
Total operating lease liabilities$720 $762 
Weighted-average remaining lease termoperating leases
5.7 years6.1 years
Weighted-average discount rateoperating leases
%%
Future minimum lease payments for our operating leases as of December 31, 2022 were as follows:
Operating Leases
Fiscal years:(In millions)
2023$169 
2024155 
2025114 
2026103 
202790 
Thereafter147 
Total$778 
Less: present value discount(58)
Lease liability$720 

Operating lease amounts include minimum lease payments under our non-cancelable operating leases primarily for office and data center facilities. The amounts presented are consistent with contractual terms and are not expected to differ significantly from actual results under our existing leases. We recognize rent expense under such agreements on a straight-line basis. Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 totaled $202 million, $192 million, and $172 million, respectively.

In the first quarter of 2020, we entered into a sale-leaseback arrangement as the seller-lessee for a data center as the buyer-lessor obtained control of the facility. We sold the data center and simultaneously entered into an operating lease agreement with the purchaser for the right to use the facility for 8 years. The Company received proceeds of approximately $119 million, net of selling costs, which resulted in a de minimis net gain on the sale transaction.

In the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, we incurred asset impairment charges of $81 million, $26 million, and $30 million, respectively, within restructuring and other charges on our consolidated statements of income (loss). The impairments included a reduction to our ROU lease assets in the amount of $52 million, $21 million, and $23 million, respectively, which were attributed to certain leased space we are no longer utilizing for our business operations, a portion of which is being subleased.

As of December 31, 2022, we entered into an additional operating lease for real estate, which will commence in the second quarter of 2023 or later with minimum lease payments aggregating to $12 million and a lease term of 6 years.
v3.22.4
OTHER FINANCIAL STATEMENT DETAILS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]  
OTHER FINANCIAL STATEMENT DETAILS OTHER FINANCIAL STATEMENT DETAILS
CRYPTO ASSET SAFEGUARDING LIABILITY AND CORRESPONDING SAFEGUARDING ASSET

We allow our customers in certain markets to buy, hold, sell, receive, and send certain cryptocurrencies as well as use the proceeds from sales of cryptocurrencies to pay for purchases at checkout. These cryptocurrencies consist of Bitcoin, Ethereum, Bitcoin Cash, and Litecoin (collectively, “our customers’ crypto assets”). We engage third parties, which are licensed trust companies, to provide certain custodial services, including holding our customers’ cryptographic key information, securing our customers’ crypto assets, and protecting them from loss or theft, including indemnification against certain types of losses such as theft. Our third-party custodian holds the crypto assets in a custodial account in PayPal’s name for the benefit of PayPal’s customers. We maintain the internal recordkeeping of our customers’ crypto assets, including the amount and type of crypto asset owned by each of our customers in that custodial account. Given that we currently utilize one third-party custodian, there is concentration risk in the event the custodian is not able to perform in accordance with our agreement.
Due to the unique risks associated with cryptocurrencies, including technological, legal, and regulatory risks, we recognize a crypto asset safeguarding liability to reflect our obligation to safeguard the crypto assets held for the benefit of our customers, which is recorded in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. We also recognize a corresponding safeguarding asset which is recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets on our consolidated balance sheet. The crypto asset safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset are measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis using prices available in the market we determine to be the principal market at the balance sheet date. The corresponding safeguarding asset may be adjusted for loss events, as applicable. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has not incurred any safeguarding loss events, and therefore, the crypto asset safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset were recorded at the same value. The following table summarizes the significant crypto assets we hold for the benefit of our customers and the crypto asset safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset as of December 31, 2022 (in millions):

Bitcoin$291 
Ethereum250 
Other 63 
Crypto asset safeguarding liability$604 
Crypto asset safeguarding asset$604 

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
 As of December 31,
20222021
(In millions)
Property and equipment, net:
Computer equipment and software$3,380 $3,298 
Internal use software and website development costs3,814 3,301 
Land and buildings388 380 
Leasehold improvements364 379 
Furniture and fixtures141 146 
Development in progress and other25 86 
Total property and equipment, gross8,112 7,590 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(6,382)(5,681)
Total property and equipment, net$1,730 $1,909 
Depreciation and amortization expense was $846 million, $822 million, and $738 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.
Net changes in accounts payable on our consolidated statements of cash flows includes non-cash investing activities associated with property and equipment; the impact of which was a decrease of $36 million and $27 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively, and an increase of $17 million in 2020.
Geographical information

The following table summarizes long-lived assets based on geography, which consist of property and equipment, net and operating lease ROU assets:
 As of December 31,
 20222021
 (In millions)
Long-lived assets:
U.S.$1,910 $2,050 
Other countries394 518 
Total long-lived assets$2,304 $2,568 

Long-lived assets attributed to the U.S. and other countries are based upon the country in which the asset is located or owned.

ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2022:
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow HedgesUnrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment (CTA”)
Net Investment
Hedges CTA Gains (Losses)
Estimated Tax
(Expense) Benefit
Total
 (In millions)
Beginning balance$199 $(87)$(270)$24 $(2)$(136)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications374 (499)(305)(25)130 (325)
Less: Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI462 — — — 467 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)(88)(504)(305)(25)130 (792)
Ending balance$111 $(591)$(575)$(1)$128 $(928)

The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2021:
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
Foreign
CTA
Net Investment
Hedges CTA Gains (Losses)
Estimated Tax
(Expense) Benefit
Total
(In millions)
Beginning balance $(323)$11 $(198)$24 $$(484)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications332 (98)(72)— (4)158 
Less: Amount of loss reclassified from AOCI(190)— — — — (190)
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)522 (98)(72)— (4)348 
Ending balance $199 $(87)$(270)$24 $(2)$(136)
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2020:
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
Foreign
CTA
Net Investment
Hedges CTA Gains (Losses)
Estimated Tax (Expense)
Benefit
Total
(In millions)
Beginning balance $$$(150)$(31)$— $(173)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(309)(48)55 (291)
Less: Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI20 — — — — 20 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)(329)(48)55 (311)
Ending balance $(323)$11 $(198)$24 $$(484)

The following table provides details about reclassifications out of AOCI for the periods presented below:
Details about AOCI Components 
Amount of Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCI
Affected Line Item in the Statements of Income (Loss)
Year Ended December 31,
202220212020
(In millions)
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedgesforeign currency exchange contracts
$462 $(190)$20 Net revenues
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments— — Other income (expense), net
467 (190)20 Income before income taxes
— — — Income tax expense (benefit)
Total reclassifications for the period$467 $(190)$20 Net income (loss)

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET

The following table reconciles the components of other income (expense), net for the periods presented below:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
(In millions)
Interest income$174 $57 $88 
Interest expense(304)(232)(209)
Net gains (losses) on strategic investments(304)46 1,914 
Other(37)(34)(17)
Other income (expense), net$(471)$(163)$1,776 

Refer to “Note 1Overview and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for details on the composition of these balances.
v3.22.4
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS
The following table summarizes the assets underlying our funds receivable and customer accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
 December 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts:
Cash and cash equivalents$11,363 $12,723 
Time deposits95 334 
Available-for-sale debt securities17,349 18,336 
Funds receivable7,550 4,748 
Total funds receivable and customer accounts$36,357 $36,141 
Short-term investments:
Time deposits$482 $590 
Available-for-sale debt securities2,593 3,604 
Restricted cash17 109 
Total short-term investments$3,092 $4,303 
Long-term investments:
Time deposits$55 $45 
Available-for-sale debt securities2,817 3,545 
Strategic investments2,146 3,207 
Total long-term investments$5,018 $6,797 

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the estimated fair value of our available-for-sale debt securities included within funds receivable and customer accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments was as follows:
 
December 31, 2022(1)
 Gross
Amortized
Cost
  Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts:
U.S. government and agency securities$8,736 $— $(252)$8,484 
Foreign government and agency securities1,479 — (44)1,435 
Corporate debt securities1,637 — (82)1,555 
Asset-backed securities1,324 — (26)1,298 
Municipal securities410 — (3)407 
Commercial paper3,702 (14)3,689 
Short-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities815 — (3)812 
Foreign government and agency securities435 — (11)424 
Corporate debt securities641 — (14)627 
Asset-backed securities415 — (9)406 
Commercial paper324 — — 324 
Long-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities493 — (36)457 
Foreign government and agency securities386 — (22)364 
Corporate debt securities987 — (58)929 
Asset-backed securities1,085 — (18)1,067 
Total available-for-sale debt securities(2)
$22,869 $$(592)$22,278 
(1) “—” Denotes gross unrealized gain or unrealized loss of less than $1 million in a given position.
(2) Excludes foreign currency denominated available-for-sale debt securities accounted for under the fair value option. Refer to “Note 9Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities.”
 
December 31, 2021(1)
 Gross
Amortized
Cost
  Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts:
U.S. government and agency securities$8,754 $— $(31)$8,723 
Foreign government and agency securities1,849 — (9)1,840 
Corporate debt securities3,377 — (15)3,362 
Asset-backed securities1,552 — (3)1,549 
Municipal securities535 — — 535 
Short-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities537 — — 537 
Foreign government and agency securities493 — (1)492 
Corporate debt securities2,285 — — 2,285 
Asset-backed securities278 — (1)277 
Long-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities568 — (6)562 
Foreign government and agency securities742 — (6)736 
Corporate debt securities1,445 — (11)1,434 
Asset-backed securities817 — (4)813 
Total available-for-sale debt securities(2)
$23,232 $— $(87)$23,145 
(1) “—” Denotes gross unrealized gain or unrealized loss of less than $1 million in a given position.
(2) Excludes foreign currency denominated available-for-sale debt securities accounted for under the fair value option. Refer to “Note 9Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities.”

Gross amortized cost and estimated fair value balances exclude accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale debt securities, which totaled $65 million and $36 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and were included in other current assets on our consolidated balance sheets.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of our available-for-sale debt securities included within funds receivable and customer accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments for which an allowance for credit losses was not deemed necessary in the current period, aggregated by the length of time those individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, was as follows:
 
December 31, 2022(1)
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
 Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts:
U.S. government and agency securities$3,730 $(89)$4,246 $(163)$7,976 $(252)
Foreign government and agency securities410 (11)997 (34)1,407 (45)
Corporate debt securities(1)1,545 (81)1,554 (82)
Asset-backed securities773 (11)508 (14)1,281 (25)
Municipal securities264 (3)50 — 314 (3)
Commercial paper3,079 (14)— — 3,079 (14)
Short-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities345 — 73 (3)418 (3)
Foreign government and agency securities61 — 362 (11)423 (11)
Corporate debt securities97 (2)465 (12)562 (14)
Asset-backed securities175 (2)217 (7)392 (9)
Commercial paper224 — — — 224 — 
Long-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities— — 457 (36)457 (36)
Foreign government and agency securities31 (2)333 (20)364 (22)
Corporate debt securities85 (6)834 (52)919 (58)
Asset-backed securities872 (9)195 (9)1,067 (18)
Total available-for-sale debt securities$10,155 $(150)$10,282 $(442)$20,437 $(592)
(1) “—” Denotes gross unrealized loss or fair value of less than $1 million in a given position.
 
December 31, 2021(1)
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
 Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts:
U.S. government and agency securities$8,224 $(31)$— $— $8,224 $(31)
Foreign government and agency securities1,703 (9)20 — 1,723 (9)
Corporate debt securities1,816 (15)— — 1,816 (15)
Asset-backed securities1,302 (3)— — 1,302 (3)
Municipal securities50 — — — 50 — 
Short-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities440 — — — 440 — 
Foreign government and agency securities485 (1)— — 485 (1)
Corporate debt securities336 — — — 336 — 
Asset-backed securities273 (1)— — 273 (1)
Long-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities562 (6)— — 562 (6)
Foreign government and agency securities736 (6)— — 736 (6)
Corporate debt securities1,355 (11)— — 1,355 (11)
Asset-backed securities707 (4)— — 707 (4)
Total available-for-sale debt securities$17,989 $(87)$20 $— $18,009 $(87)
(1) “—” Denotes gross unrealized loss or fair value of less than $1 million in a given position.

Unrealized losses have not been recognized into income as we neither intend to sell, nor anticipate that it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell, the securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. The decline in fair value is due primarily to changes in market interest rates, rather than credit losses. We will continue to monitor the performance of the investment portfolio and assess whether impairment due to expected credit losses has occurred. Amounts reclassified to earnings from unrealized gains and losses were not material for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Our available-for-sale debt securities included within funds receivable and customer accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments classified by date of contractual maturity were as follows:
 December 31, 2022
Amortized CostFair Value
(In millions)
One year or less $11,591 $11,470 
After one year through five years9,232 8,790 
After five years through ten years1,968 1,941 
After ten years78 77 
Total$22,869 $22,278 

STRATEGIC INVESTMENTS

Our strategic investments include marketable equity securities, which are publicly traded, and non-marketable equity securities, which are primarily investments in privately held companies. Our marketable equity securities have readily determinable fair values and are recorded as long-term investments on our consolidated balance sheets at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of income (loss). Marketable equity securities totaled $323 million and $1.9 billion as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, including the impact of the sale of marketable equity securities during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Our non-marketable equity securities are recorded in long-term investments on our consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we had non-marketable equity securities of $136 million and $79 million, respectively, where we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee. We account for these equity securities using the equity method of accounting. The remaining non-marketable equity securities do not have a readily determinable fair value and we measure these equity investments at cost minus impairment, if any, and adjust for changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment in the same issuer. All gains and losses on these investments, realized and unrealized, and our share of earnings or losses from investments accounted for using the equity method are recognized in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of income (loss). The carrying value of our non-marketable equity securities totaled $1.8 billion and $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Measurement Alternative adjustments

The adjustments to the carrying value of our non-marketable equity securities accounted for under the Measurement Alternative in the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
 20222021
(In millions)
Carrying amount, beginning of period$1,268 $779 
Adjustments related to non-marketable equity securities:
Net additions(1)
100 133 
Gross unrealized gains423 356 
Gross unrealized losses and impairments(104)— 
Carrying amount, end of period$1,687 $1,268 
(1) Net additions include purchases, reductions due to sales of securities, and reclassifications when Measurement Alternative is subsequently elected or no longer applies.

The following table summarizes the cumulative gross unrealized gains and cumulative gross unrealized losses and impairment related to non-marketable equity securities accounted for under the Measurement Alternative, held at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

December 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
(In millions)
Cumulative gross unrealized gains $1,137 $733 
Cumulative gross unrealized losses and impairments$(131)$(27)

Unrealized gains (losses) on strategic investments, excluding those accounted for using the equity method

The following table summarizes the net unrealized gains (losses) on marketable and non-marketable equity securities, excluding those accounted for using the equity method, held at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

 Year Ended December 31,
 20222021
(In millions)
Net unrealized gains (losses)$79 $(46)
v3.22.4
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES MEASURED AND RECORDED AT FAIR VALUE ON A RECURRING BASIS

The following tables summarize our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:     
December 31, 2022
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
(In millions)
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents(1)
$932 $— $932 
Short-term investments(2):
U.S. government and agency securities812 — 812 
Foreign government and agency securities424 — 424 
Corporate debt securities627 — 627 
Asset-backed securities406 — 406 
Commercial paper324 — 324 
Total short-term investments2,593 — 2,593 
Funds receivable and customer accounts(3):
Cash and cash equivalents192 — 192 
U.S. government and agency securities8,484 — 8,484 
Foreign government and agency securities1,777 — 1,777 
        Corporate debt securities1,694 — 1,694 
Asset-backed securities1,298 — 1,298 
Municipal securities407 — 407 
Commercial paper3,689 — 3,689 
Total funds receivable and customer accounts17,541 — 17,541 
Derivatives244 — 244 
Crypto asset safeguarding asset604 — 604 
Long-term investments(2),(4):
U.S. government and agency securities457 — 457 
Foreign government and agency securities364 — 364 
Corporate debt securities929 — 929 
Asset-backed securities1,067 — 1,067 
Marketable equity securities323 323 — 
Total long-term investments3,140 323 2,817 
Total financial assets$25,054 $323 $24,731 
Liabilities:
Derivatives$298 $— $298 
Crypto asset safeguarding liability604 — 604 
Total financial liabilities$902 $— $902 
(1) Excludes cash of $6.8 billion not measured and recorded at fair value.
(2) Excludes restricted cash of $17 million and time deposits of $537 million not measured and recorded at fair value.
(3) Excludes cash, time deposits, and funds receivable of $18.8 billion underlying funds receivable and customer accounts not measured and recorded at fair value.
(4) Excludes non-marketable equity securities of $1.8 billion measured using the Measurement Alternative or equity method accounting.
December 31, 2021
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
(In millions)
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents(1)
$400 $— $400 
Short-term investments(2):
U.S. government and agency securities537 — 537 
Foreign government and agency securities505 — 505 
Corporate debt securities2,285 — 2,285 
Asset-backed securities277 — 277 
Total short-term investments3,604 — 3,604 
Funds receivable and customer accounts(3):
— 
Cash and cash equivalents622 — 622 
U.S. government and agency securities8,723 — 8,723 
Foreign government and agency securities4,090 — 4,090 
Corporate debt securities3,439 — 3,439 
Asset-backed securities1,549 — 1,549 
Municipal securities535 — 535 
Total funds receivable and customer accounts18,958 — 18,958 
Derivatives304 — 304 
Long-term investments(2), (4):
U.S. government and agency securities562 — 562 
Foreign government and agency securities736 — 736 
Corporate debt securities1,434 — 1,434 
Asset-backed securities813 — 813 
Marketable equity securities1,860 1,860 — 
Total long-term investments5,405 1,860 3,545 
Total financial assets$28,671 $1,860 $26,811 
Liabilities:
Derivatives$130 $— $130 
(1) Excludes cash of $4.8 billion not measured and recorded at fair value.
(2) Excludes restricted cash of $109 million and time deposits of $635 million not measured and recorded at fair value.
(3) Excludes cash, time deposits, and funds receivable of $17.2 billion underlying funds receivable and customer accounts not measured and recorded at fair value.
(4) Excludes non-marketable equity securities of $1.3 billion measured using the Measurement Alternative or equity method accounting.

Our marketable equity securities are valued using quoted prices for identical assets in active markets (Level 1). There are no active markets for our crypto asset safeguarding liability or the corresponding safeguarding asset. Accordingly, we have valued the asset and liability using quoted prices on the active exchange that has been identified as the principal market for the underlying crypto assets (Level 2). All other financial assets and liabilities are valued using quoted prices for identical instruments in less active markets, readily available pricing sources for comparable instruments, or models using market observable inputs (Level 2).

A majority of our derivative instruments are valued using pricing models that take into account the contract terms as well as multiple inputs where applicable, such as currency rates, interest rate yield curves, option volatility, and equity prices. Our derivative instruments are primarily short-term in nature, generally one month to one year in duration. Certain foreign currency contracts designated as cash flow hedges may have a duration of up to 18 months.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we did not have any assets or liabilities requiring measurement at fair value on a recurring basis without observable market values that would require a high level of judgment to determine fair value (Level 3).

We elect to account for available-for-sale debt securities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of our subsidiaries under the fair value option. Election of the fair value option allows us to recognize any gains and losses from fair value changes on such investments in other income (expense), net on the consolidated statements of income (loss) to significantly reduce the accounting asymmetry that would otherwise arise when recognizing the corresponding foreign exchange gains and losses relating to customer liabilities. The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of our available-for-sale debt securities under the fair value option as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts$481 $2,327 
Short-term investments$— $13 
The following table summarizes the gains (losses) from fair value changes recognized in other income (expense), net related to the available-for-sale debt securities under the fair value option for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Year Ended December 31,
 20222021
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts$(149)$(101)
Short-term investments$— $(30)
ASSETS MEASURED AND RECORDED AT FAIR VALUE ON A NON-RECURRING BASIS

The following tables summarize our assets held as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 for which a non-recurring fair value measurement was recorded during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

December 31, 2022Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
(In millions)
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the Measurement Alternative(1)
$987 $589 $398 
Other assets(2)
165 165 — 
Total$1,152 $754 $398 
(1) Excludes non-marketable equity securities of $700 million accounted for under the Measurement Alternative for which no observable price changes occurred during the year ended December 31, 2022.
(2) Consists of ROU lease assets recorded at fair value pursuant to impairment charges that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2022. See “Note 6—Leases” for additional information.

December 31, 2021Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
(In millions)
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the Measurement Alternative(1)
$611 $611 
Other assets(2)
86 86 
Total$697 $697 
(1) Excludes non-marketable equity securities of $657 million accounted for under the Measurement Alternative for which no observable price changes occurred during the year ended December 31, 2021.
(2) Consists of ROU lease assets recorded at fair value pursuant to impairment charges that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2021. See “Note 6—Leases” for additional information.
We measure the non-marketable equity securities accounted for under the Measurement Alternative at cost minus impairment, if any, adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment in the same issuer. Non-marketable equity securities that have been remeasured during the period based on observable price changes are classified within Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy because we estimate the fair value based on valuation methods which only include significant inputs that are observable, such as the observable transaction price at the transaction date. The fair value of non-marketable equity securities that have been remeasured due to impairment are classified within Level 3 as we estimate fair value using significant unobservable inputs such as discount rates, forecasted cash flows, and market data of comparable companies, among others.

We evaluate ROU assets related to leases for indicators of impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an ROU asset may not be recoverable. Impairment losses on ROU lease assets related to office operating leases are calculated initially using estimated rental income per square foot derived from observable market data, and the impaired asset is classified within Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES NOT MEASURED AND RECORDED AT FAIR VALUE

Our financial instruments, including cash, restricted cash, time deposits, loans and interest receivable, net, certain customer accounts, and long-term debt related to borrowings on our credit facilities are carried at amortized cost, which approximates their fair value. Our notes receivable had a carrying value of approximately $441 million and fair value of approximately $396 million as of December 31, 2022. Our notes receivable had a carrying value of approximately $381 million and fair value of approximately $424 million as of December 31, 2021. Our long-term debt (including current portion) in the form of fixed rate notes had a carrying value of approximately $10.3 billion and fair value of approximately $9.5 billion as of December 31, 2022. Our fixed rate notes had a carrying value of approximately $9.0 billion and fair value of approximately $9.3 billion as of December 31, 2021. If these financial instruments were measured at fair value in the financial statements, cash would be classified as Level 1; restricted cash, time deposits, certain customer accounts, and long-term debt (including current portion) would be classified as Level 2; and the remaining financial instruments would be classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.
v3.22.4
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
SUMMARY OF DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Our primary objective in holding derivatives is to reduce the volatility of earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Our derivatives expose us to credit risk to the extent that our counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the arrangement. We seek to mitigate such risk by limiting our counterparties to, and by spreading the risk across, major financial institutions and by entering into collateral security arrangements. In addition, the potential risk of loss with any one counterparty resulting from this type of credit risk is monitored on an ongoing basis. We do not use any derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
Cash flow hedges

We have significant international revenues and costs denominated in foreign currencies, which subjects us to foreign currency exchange risk. We have a foreign currency exposure management program in which we designate certain foreign currency exchange contracts, generally with maturities of 18 months or less, to reduce the volatility of cash flows primarily related to forecasted revenues denominated in foreign currencies. The objective of these foreign currency exchange contracts is to help mitigate the risk that the U.S. dollar-equivalent cash flows are adversely affected by changes in the applicable U.S. dollar/foreign currency exchange rate. These derivative instruments are designated as cash flow hedges and accordingly, the derivative’s gain or loss is initially reported as a component of AOCI and subsequently reclassified into revenue in the same period the forecasted transaction affects earnings. We evaluate the effectiveness of our foreign currency exchange contracts on a quarterly basis by comparing the critical terms of the derivative instruments with the critical terms of the forecasted cash flows of the hedged item; if the critical terms are the same, we conclude the hedge will be perfectly effective. We do not exclude any component of the changes in fair value of the derivative instruments from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. We report cash flows arising from derivative instruments consistent with the classification of cash flows from the underlying hedged items that these derivatives are hedging. Accordingly, the cash flows associated with derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are classified in cash flows from operating activities on our consolidated statements of cash flows.

As of December 31, 2022, we estimated that $110 million of net derivative gains related to our cash flow hedges included in AOCI are expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, we did not discontinue any cash flow hedges because it was probable that the original forecasted transaction would not occur and as such, did not reclassify any gains or losses to earnings prior to the occurrence of the hedged transaction. If we elect to discontinue our cash flow hedges and it is probable that the original forecasted transaction will occur, we continue to report the derivative’s gain or loss in AOCI until the forecasted transaction affects earnings, at which point we also reclassify it into earnings. Gains and losses on derivatives held after we discontinue our cash flow hedges and on derivative instruments that are not designated as cash flow hedges are recorded in the same financial statement line item to which the derivative relates.

Net investment hedges

We use forward foreign currency exchange contracts to reduce the foreign currency exchange risk related to our investment in certain foreign subsidiaries. These derivatives are designated as net investment hedges and accordingly, the gains and losses on the portion of the derivatives included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness is recorded in AOCI as part of foreign currency translation. We exclude forward points from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and recognize them in other income (expense), net on a straight-line basis over the life of the hedge. The accumulated gains and losses associated with these instruments will remain in AOCI until the foreign subsidiaries are sold or substantially liquidated, at which point they will be reclassified into earnings. The cash flows associated with derivatives designated as a net investment hedge are classified in cash flows from investing activities on our consolidated statements of cash flows.

We have not reclassified any gains or losses related to net investment hedges from AOCI into earnings during any of the periods presented.

Foreign currency exchange contracts not designated as hedging instruments

We have a foreign currency exposure management program in which we use foreign currency exchange contracts to offset the foreign currency exchange risk of our assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of our subsidiaries. These contracts are not designated as hedging instruments and reduce, but do not entirely eliminate, the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on our assets and liabilities. The gains and losses due to remeasurement of certain foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are recorded in other income (expense), net, which are offset by the gains and losses on these foreign currency exchange contracts. The cash flows associated with our non-designated derivatives used to hedge foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are classified in cash flows from operating activities on our consolidated statements of cash flows.
FAIR VALUE OF DERIVATIVE CONTRACTS

The fair value of our outstanding derivative instruments as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was as follows:
 Balance Sheet LocationAs of December 31,
20222021
Derivative Assets:(In millions)
Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instrumentsOther current assets$167 $205 
Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instrumentsOther assets (non-current)15 21 
Foreign currency exchange contracts not designated as hedging instrumentsOther current assets62 78 
Total derivative assets$244 $304 
Derivative Liabilities:
Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instrumentsOther current liabilities$68 $27 
Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instrumentsOther long-term liabilities133 — 
Foreign currency exchange contracts not designated as hedging instrumentsOther current liabilities97 103 
Total derivative liabilities$298 $130 

MASTER NETTING AGREEMENTS - RIGHTS OF SET-OFF

Under master netting agreements with certain counterparties to our foreign currency exchange contracts, subject to applicable requirements, we are allowed to net settle transactions of the same type with a single net amount payable by one party to the other. However, we have elected to present the derivative assets and derivative liabilities on a gross basis on our consolidated balance sheets. Rights of set-off associated with our foreign currency exchange contracts represented a potential offset to both assets and liabilities of $70 million as of December 31, 2022 and $102 million as of December 31, 2021.

We have entered into collateral security arrangements that provide for collateral to be received or posted when the net fair value of certain financial instruments fluctuates from contractually established thresholds. The following table provides the collateral exchanged posted and received:
 December 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
(In millions)
Cash collateral posted(1)
$24 $
Cash collateral received(2)
$203 $209 
(1) Right to reclaim cash collateral related to our derivative liabilities recognized in other current assets on our consolidated balance sheets.
(2) Obligation to return counterparty cash collateral related to our derivative assets recognized in other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.
EFFECT OF DERIVATIVE CONTRACTS ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table provides the location in the consolidated statements of income (loss) and amount of recognized gains or losses related to our derivative instruments:

Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
(In millions)
Net revenuesOther income (expense), netNet revenuesOther income (expense), netNet revenuesOther income (expense), net
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) in which the effects of derivatives are recorded$27,518 $(471)$25,371 $(163)$21,454 $1,776 
Gains (losses) on derivatives in cash flow hedging relationship:
Amount of gains (losses) on foreign exchange contracts reclassified from AOCI462 — (190)— 20 — 
Gains on derivatives in net investment hedging relationship:
Amount of gains on foreign exchange contracts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness
— 84 — — — — 
Gains (losses) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Amount of gains (losses) on foreign exchange contracts — 118 — 144 — (110)
Amount of losses on equity derivative contracts (1)
— (174)— — — (64)
Total gains (losses)$462 $28 $(190)$144 $20 $(174)
(1) During the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2020, equity derivative contracts were entered into and matured which related to the sale of marketable equity securities related to a strategic investment. The cash flows associated with the equity derivative contracts were classified in cash flows from investing activities on our consolidated statements of cash flows.
The following table provides the amount of pre-tax unrealized gains or losses included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness related to our derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments that are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss):
Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
(In millions)
Unrealized gains (losses) on foreign exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges$374 $332 $(309)
Unrealized (losses) gains on foreign exchange contracts designated as net investment hedges(25)— 55 
Total unrealized gains (losses) recognized from derivative contracts designated as hedging instruments in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss)$349 $332 $(254)

NOTIONAL AMOUNTS OF DERIVATIVE CONTRACTS

Derivative transactions are measured in terms of the notional amount; however, this amount is not recorded on the balance sheet and is not, when viewed in isolation, a meaningful measure of the risk profile of the derivative instruments. The notional amount is generally not exchanged, but is used only as the underlying basis on which the value of foreign currency exchange payments under these contracts is determined. The following table provides the notional amounts of our outstanding derivatives:
Year Ended December 31,
20222021
(In millions)
Foreign exchange contracts designated as hedging instruments$7,149 $5,349 
Foreign exchange contracts not designated as hedging instruments11,840 20,414 
Total$18,989 $25,763 
v3.22.4
LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract]  
LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE
CONSUMER RECEIVABLES

We offer revolving and installment credit products as a funding option for consumers in certain checkout transactions on our payments platform. Our revolving credit product consists of PayPal Credit in the U.K. Once a consumer is approved for credit, it is made available to them as a funding source in their PayPal wallet. Additionally, we offer installment credit products at the time of checkout in various markets, including the U.S., several markets across Europe, Australia, and Japan. The majority of the installment loans allow consumers to pay for purchases over periods of 12 months or less. Beginning in June 2022, we purchase receivables related to interest-bearing installment loans extended to U.S. consumers by a partner institution and are responsible for servicing functions related to that portfolio. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we purchased approximately $381 million in consumer receivables. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the outstanding balance of consumer receivables, which consisted of revolving and installment loans and interest receivable, was $5.9 billion and $3.8 billion, respectively, net of the participation interest sold to the partner institution of $17 million and nil, respectively. See “Note 1—Overview and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for additional information on this participation arrangement.

We closely monitor the credit quality of our consumer receivables to evaluate and manage our related exposure to credit risk. Credit risk management begins with initial underwriting and continues through the full repayment of a loan. To assess a consumer who requests a loan, we use, among other indicators, internally developed risk models using detailed information from external sources, such as credit bureaus where available, and internal data, including the consumer’s prior repayment history with our credit products where available. We use delinquency status and trends to assist in making (or, for interest-bearing installment loans in the U.S., to assist the partner institution in making) new and ongoing credit decisions, to adjust our models, to plan our collection practices and strategies, and in determining our allowance for consumer loans and interest receivable.
The following tables present the delinquency status of consumer loans and interest receivable by year of origination. The amounts are based on the number of days past the billing date for revolving loans or contractual repayment date for installment loans. The “current” category represents balances that are within 29 days of the billing date or contractual repayment date, as applicable.

December 31, 2022
(In millions, except percentages)
Revolving Loans
Amortized Cost Basis
Installment Loans Amortized Cost Basis
20222021202020192018TotalPercent
Current$1,850 $3,726 $123 $— $— $— $5,699 97.1%
30 - 59 Days23 26 — — — 51 0.9%
60 - 89 Days 15 20 — — — 37 0.6%
90 - 179 Days 34 47 — — — 85 1.4%
Total(1)
$1,922 $3,819 $131 $— $— $— $5,872 100%
(1) Excludes receivables from other consumer credit products of $11 million at December 31, 2022.

December 31, 2021
(In millions, except percentages)
Revolving Loans
Amortized Cost Basis
Installment Loans Amortized Cost Basis
20212020201920182017TotalPercent
Current$1,790 $1,939 $$— $— $— $3,732 97.0%
30 - 59 Days18 16 — — — — 34 0.9%
60 - 89 Days 12 13 — — — — 25 0.6%
90 - 179 Days 27 28 — — — 56 1.5%
Total(1)
$1,847 $1,996 $$— $— $— $3,847 100%
(1) Excludes receivables from other consumer credit products of $44 million at December 31, 2021.

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for consumer loans and interest receivable for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Consumer Loans ReceivableInterest Receivable
Total Allowance(1)
  Consumer Loans ReceivableInterest Receivable
Total Allowance(1)
(In millions)
Beginning balance$243 $43 $286 $299 $53 $352 
Provisions292 15 307 20 10 30 
Charge-offs(216)(29)(245)(116)(20)(136)
Recoveries21 — 21 28 — 28 
Other(2)
(18)(4)(22)12 — 12 
Ending balance$322 $25 $347 $243 $43 $286 
(1) Excludes allowances from other consumer credit products of $3 million and $4 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(2) Includes amounts related to foreign currency remeasurement and, for the year ended December 31, 2021, initial allowance for purchased credit deteriorated (“PCD”) loans acquired during the period. A portion of the Paidy loan portfolio acquired was determined to be purchase credit deteriorated as the loans were 30 days or more past due. As such, we recorded current expected credit losses on the PCD loans.
The provision for the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily attributable to growth in the consumer receivable portfolio. Qualitative adjustments were made to account for limitations in our current expected credit loss models due to uncertainty with respect to macroeconomic conditions and the financial health of our borrowers.

The increase in charge-offs for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in the prior year was due to the expansion of our short-term installment products.

The provision for current expected credit losses relating to our consumer receivable portfolio is recognized in transaction and credit losses on our consolidated statements of income (loss). The provision for interest receivable for interest earned on our consumer receivable portfolio is recognized in revenues from other value added services as a reduction to revenue. Loans receivable continue to accrue interest until they are charged off.

We charge off consumer receivable balances in the month in which a customer’s balance becomes 180 days past the billing date or contractual repayment date, except for the U.S. consumer interest-bearing installment receivables, which are charged off 120 days past the contractual repayment date. Bankrupt accounts are charged off within 60 days after receipt of notification of bankruptcy. Charge-offs are recorded as a reduction to our allowance for loans and interest receivable and subsequent recoveries, if any, are recorded as an increase to the allowance for loans and interest receivable.

MERCHANT RECEIVABLES

We offer access to merchant finance products for certain small and medium-sized businesses through our PPWC and PPBL products, which we collectively refer to as our merchant finance offerings. We purchase receivables related to credit extended to U.S. merchants by a partner institution and are responsible for servicing functions related to that portfolio. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, we purchased approximately $3.2 billion and $1.8 billion in merchant receivables, respectively. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the total outstanding balance in our pool of merchant loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable was $2.1 billion and $1.4 billion, respectively, net of the participation interest sold to the partner institution of $97 million and $63 million, respectively. See “Note 1—Overview and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for additional information on this participation arrangement.

Through our PPWC product, merchants can borrow a certain percentage of their annual payment volume processed by PayPal and are charged a fixed fee for the loan or advance based on the overall credit assessment of the merchant. Loans and advances are repaid through a fixed percentage of the merchant’s future payment volume that PayPal processes. Through our PPBL product, we provide merchants access to short-term business financing for a fixed fee based on an evaluation of the applying business as well as the business owner. PPBL repayments are collected through periodic payments until the balance has been satisfied.

The interest or fee is fixed at the time the loan or advance is extended and is recognized as deferred revenue in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. The fixed interest or fee is amortized into revenues from other value added services based on the amount repaid over the repayment period. We estimate the repayment period for PPWC based on the merchant’s payment processing history with PayPal. For PPWC, there is a general requirement that at least 10% of the original amount of the loan or advance plus the fixed fee must be repaid every 90 days. We calculate the repayment rate of the merchant’s future payment volume so that repayment of the loan or advance and fixed fee is expected to generally occur within 9 to 12 months from the date of the loan or advance. On a monthly basis, we recalculate the repayment period based on the repayment activity on the receivable. As such, actual repayment periods are dependent on actual merchant payment processing volumes. For PPBL, we receive fixed periodic payments over the contractual term of the loan, which generally ranges from 3 to 12 months.

We actively monitor receivables with repayment periods greater than the original expected or contractual repayment period, as well as the credit quality of our merchant loans and advances that we extend or purchase so that we can evaluate, quantify, and manage our credit risk exposure. To assess a merchant seeking a loan or advance, we use, among other indicators, risk models developed internally which utilize information obtained from multiple internal and external data sources to predict the likelihood of timely and satisfactory repayment by the merchant of the loan or advance amount and the related interest or fee. Primary drivers of the models include the merchant’s annual payment volume, payment processing history with PayPal, prior repayment history with PayPal’s credit products where available, information sourced from consumer and business credit bureau reports, and other information obtained during the application process. We use delinquency status and trends to assist in making (or, in the U.S., to assist the partner institution in making) ongoing credit decisions, to adjust our internal models, to plan our collection strategies, and in determining our allowance for these loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable.
Merchant receivables delinquency and allowance

The following tables present the delinquency status of merchant loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable by year of origination. The amounts are based on the number of days past the expected or contractual repayment date for amounts outstanding. The “current” category represents balances that are within 29 days of the expected repayment date or contractual repayment date, as applicable.

December 31, 2022
(In millions, except percentages)
20222021202020192018TotalPercent
Current$1,826 $20 $57 $42 $$1,947 90.7%
30 - 59 Days63 — 77 3.6%
60 - 89 Days 34 — 44 2.0%
90 - 179 Days 55 — 70 3.3%
180+ Days— 0.4%
Total(1)
$1,979 $42 $69 $54 $$2,146 100%

December 31, 2021
(In millions, except percentages)
20212020201920182017TotalPercent
Current$1,100 $129 $95 $$— $1,327 91.8%
30 - 59 Days24 12 12 — 49 3.4%
60 - 89 Days 10 — — 25 1.7%
90 - 179 Days 10 11 11 — 33 2.3%
180+ Days— — 12 0.8%
Total(1)
$1,144 $164 $132 $$— $1,446 100%
(1) Balances include the impact of modification programs offered by the Company as a part of our novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic payment relief initiatives (as discussed further below).

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for merchant loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Merchant Loans and AdvancesInterest and Fees ReceivableTotal Allowance  Merchant Loans and AdvancesInterest and Fees ReceivableTotal Allowance
(In millions)
Beginning balance$192 $$201 $440 $43 $483 
Provisions109 18 127 (116)(22)(138)
Charge-offs(105)(9)(114)(173)(12)(185)
Recoveries34 — 34 41 — 41 
Ending balance$230 $18 $248 $192 $$201 

The provision for the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily attributable to originations in the merchant portfolio and a slight deterioration in credit quality of loans outstanding. Qualitative adjustments were made to account for uncertainty around the effectiveness of loan modification programs made available to merchants in previous years, as described further below.

The decrease in the charge-offs for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the prior year was due to the charge-off of accounts in 2021 that experienced financial difficulties as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
For merchant loans and advances, the determination of delinquency is based on the current expected or contractual repayment period of the loan or advance and fixed interest or fee payment as compared to the original expected or contractual repayment period. We charge off the receivables outstanding under our PPBL product when the repayments are 180 days past the contractual repayment date. We charge off the receivables outstanding under our PPWC product when the repayments are 180 days past our expectation of repayments and the merchant has not made a payment in the last 60 days, or when the repayments are 360 days past due regardless of whether the merchant has made a payment in the last 60 days. Bankrupt accounts are charged off within 60 days of receiving notification of bankruptcy. The provision for credit losses on merchant loans and advances is recognized in transaction and credit losses on our consolidated statements of income (loss), and the provision for interest and fees receivable is recognized as a reduction of deferred revenue in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Charge-offs are recorded as a reduction to our allowance for loans and interest receivable and subsequent recoveries, if any, are recorded as an increase to the allowance for loans and interest receivable.

Troubled debt restructurings

In certain instances where a merchant is able to demonstrate that it is experiencing financial difficulty, there may be a modification of the loan or advance and the related interest or fee receivable for which it is probable that, without modification, we would be unable to collect all amounts due. These modifications are intended to provide merchants with financial relief, and help enable us to mitigate losses.

These modifications include an increase in term by approximately 1 to 5.5 years while moving the delinquency status to current. The fee on certain of these loans or advances remains unchanged over the extended term. Alternatively, certain loans and advances have been modified to replace the initial fixed fee structure at the time the loan or advance was extended with a fixed annual percentage rate applied over the amended remaining term, which will continue to accrue interest at the fixed rate until the earlier of maturity or charge-off. These modifications had a de minimis impact on our consolidated statements of income (loss) in the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Allowances for TDRs are assessed separately from other loans and advances within our portfolio and are determined by estimating current expected credit losses utilizing the modified term and interest rate assumptions. Historical loss estimates are utilized in addition to macroeconomic assumptions to determine expected credit loss rates. Further, we may include qualitative adjustments that incorporate incremental information not captured in the quantitative estimates of our current expected credit losses.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, merchant loans, advances, and interest and fees receivables which have been modified as TDRs were de minimis. The following table shows merchant loans, advances and interest and fees receivables which were modified as TDRs in the year ended December 31, 2021:

Year Ended December 31, 2021
Number of Accounts
(in thousands)
Outstanding Balances(1)
(in millions)
Weighted Average Payment Term Extensions
(in months)
Loans and interest receivable$45 36
(1) Balances are as of modification date.

A merchant is considered in payment default after a modification when the merchant’s payment becomes 60 days past their expected or contractual repayment date. For loans or advances that have defaulted after being modified, the increased estimate of current expected credit loss is factored into overall expected credit losses. In the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the amount of merchant loans, advances, and interest and fees receivables classified as TDRs that have subsequently defaulted on payments was de minimis.
v3.22.4
DEBT
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
DEBT DEBT
FIXED RATE NOTES

In May 2022, we issued fixed rate notes with varying maturity dates for an aggregate principal amount of $3.0 billion. Interest on these notes is payable on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning on December 1, 2022.

In May 2020, we issued fixed rate notes with varying maturity dates for an aggregate principal amount of $4.0 billion. Interest on these notes is payable on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning on December 1, 2020.
In September 2019, we issued fixed rate notes with varying maturity dates for an aggregate principal amount of $5.0 billion. Interest on these notes is payable in arrears semiannually (payable on April 1 and October 1).

The notes issued from the May 2022, May 2020, and September 2019 debt issuances are senior unsecured obligations and are collectively referred to as the “Notes.” We may redeem the Notes in whole, at any time, or in part, from time to time, prior to maturity, at their redemption prices. Upon the occurrence of both a change of control of the Company and a downgrade of the Notes below an investment grade rating, we will be required to offer to repurchase each series of Notes at a price equal to 101% of the then outstanding principal amounts, plus accrued and unpaid interest. The Notes are subject to covenants, including limitations on our ability to create liens on our assets, enter into sale and leaseback transactions, and merge or consolidate with another entity, in each case subject to certain exceptions, limitations, and qualifications. Proceeds from the issuance of these Notes may be used for general corporate purposes, which may include funding the repayment or redemption of outstanding debt, share repurchases, ongoing operations, capital expenditures, acquisitions of businesses, assets, or strategic investments.

In May 2022, we repurchased certain Notes under the September 2019 and May 2020 debt issuances prior to maturity through tender offers. In addition, in June 2022, we redeemed the outstanding balance of the notes maturing in September 2022 through a make-whole redemption. We repurchased and redeemed $1.6 billion of outstanding Notes, as described above, which resulted in de minimis debt extinguishment net gains that were recorded as interest expense within other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of income (loss).

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we had an outstanding aggregate principal amount of $10.4 billion and $9.0 billion, respectively, related to the Notes. The following table summarizes the Notes:
As of December 31,
MaturitiesEffective Interest Rate20222021
(in millions)
September 2019 debt issuance of $5.0 billion:
Fixed-rate 2.200% notes
9/26/20222.39%$— $1,000 
Fixed-rate 2.400% notes
10/1/20242.52%1,250 1,250 
Fixed-rate 2.650% notes
10/1/20262.78%1,250 1,250 
Fixed-rate 2.850% notes
10/1/20292.96%1,500 1,500 
May 2020 debt issuance of $4.0 billion:
Fixed-rate 1.350% notes
6/1/20231.55%418 1,000 
Fixed-rate 1.650% notes
6/1/20251.78%1,000 1,000 
Fixed-rate 2.300% notes
6/1/20302.39%1,000 1,000 
Fixed-rate 3.250% notes
6/1/20503.33%1,000 1,000 
May 2022 debt issuance of $3.0 billion:
Fixed-rate 3.900% notes
6/1/20274.06%500 — 
Fixed-rate 4.400% notes
6/1/20324.53%1,000 — 
Fixed-rate 5.050% notes
6/1/20525.14%1,000 — 
Fixed-rate 5.250% notes
6/1/20625.34%500 — 
Total term debt$10,418 $9,000 
Unamortized premium (discount) and issuance costs, net(74)(50)
Less: current portion of term debt(1)
(418)(999)
Total carrying amount of term debt$9,926 $7,951 
(1) The current portion of term debt is included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.
The effective interest rates for the Notes include interest on the Notes, amortization of debt issuance costs, and amortization of the debt discount. The interest expense recorded for the Notes, including amortization of the debt discount, debt issuance costs, and debt extinguishment net gains, was $290 million, $224 million, and $190 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

CREDIT FACILITIES

Five-year revolving credit facility

In September 2019, we entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) that provides for an unsecured $5.0 billion, five-year revolving credit facility that includes a $150 million letter of credit sub-facility and a $500 million swingline sub-facility, with available borrowings under the revolving credit facility reduced by the amount of any letters of credit and swingline borrowings outstanding from time to time. Loans borrowed under the Credit Agreement are available in U.S. dollar, Euro, British pound, Canadian dollar, and Australian dollar, and in each case subject to the sub-limits and other limitations provided in the Credit Agreement. We may also, subject to the agreement of the applicable lenders and satisfaction of specified conditions, increase the commitments under the revolving credit facility by up to $2.0 billion. Subject to specific conditions, we may designate one or more of our subsidiaries as additional borrowers under the Credit Agreement, provided PayPal Holdings, Inc. guarantees the portion of borrowings made available and other obligations of any such subsidiaries under the Credit Agreement. As of December 31, 2022, certain subsidiaries were designated as additional borrowers. Funds borrowed under the Credit Agreement may be used for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, and other purposes not in contravention with the Credit Agreement.

We are obligated to pay interest on loans under the Credit Agreement and other customary fees for a credit facility of this size and type, including an upfront fee and an unused commitment fee based on our debt rating. Loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest at either (i) the applicable eurocurrency rate plus a margin (based on our public debt ratings) ranging from 0.875% to 1.375%, (ii) the applicable overnight rate plus a margin (based on our public debt ratings) ranging from 0.875% to 1.375%, (iii) a formula based on the prime rate, the federal funds effective rate, or London Interbank Offered Rate plus a margin (based on our public debt ratings) ranging from zero to 0.375%, or (iv) a formula based on the Euro Short-Term Rate (“ESTR”) or the Sterling Overnight Index Average (“SONIA”) rate plus a margin (based on our public debt ratings) ranging from 0.875% to 1.375%. In January 2022, an amendment to the agreement was signed which provides for the additional borrowing rate option of utilizing SONIA or ESTR rates. The Credit Agreement will terminate and all amounts owed thereunder will be due and payable in September 2024, unless the commitments are terminated earlier. The Credit Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant, events of default, and indemnification provisions in favor of the lenders. The negative covenants include restrictions regarding the incurrence of liens and the incurrence of subsidiary indebtedness, in each case subject to certain exceptions. The financial covenant requires us to meet a quarterly financial test with respect to a maximum consolidated leverage ratio.

In March 2020, we drew down $3.0 billion under the Credit Agreement. In May 2020, we repaid the $3.0 billion using proceeds from the May 2020 debt issuance. As of December 31, 2022, no borrowings or letters of credit were outstanding under the Credit Agreement. Accordingly, at December 31, 2022, $5.0 billion of borrowing capacity was available for the purposes permitted by the Credit Agreement, subject to customary conditions to borrowing. The total interest expense and fees we recorded related to the Credit Agreement was approximately $16 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Paidy credit agreement

In February 2022, we entered into a credit agreement (the “Paidy Credit Agreement”) with Paidy as co-borrower, which provides for an unsecured revolving credit facility of ¥60.0 billion. In September 2022, the Paidy Credit Agreement was modified to increase the borrowing capacity by ¥30.0 billion for a total borrowing capacity of ¥90.0 billion (approximately $686 million as of December 31, 2022.) Borrowings under the Paidy Credit Agreement are for use by Paidy for working capital, capital expenditures, and other permitted purposes. Loans under the Paidy Credit Agreement bear interest at the Tokyo Interbank Offered Rate plus a margin (based on our public debt rating) ranging from 0.40% to 0.60%. The Paidy Credit Agreement will terminate and all amounts owed thereunder will be due and payable in February 2027, unless the commitments are terminated earlier. The Paidy Credit Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant, events of default, and indemnification provisions in favor of the lenders. The negative covenants include restrictions regarding the incurrence of liens and subsidiary indebtedness, in each case subject to certain exceptions. The financial covenant requires us to meet a quarterly financial test with respect to a maximum consolidated leverage ratio.
In the year ended December 31, 2022, ¥64.3 billion (approximately $491 million) was drawn down under the Paidy Credit Agreement, which was recorded in long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheet. Accordingly, at December 31, 2022, ¥25.7 billion (approximately $195 million) of borrowing capacity was available for the purposes permitted by the Paidy Credit Agreement, subject to customary conditions to borrowing. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the total interest expense and fees we recorded related to the Paidy Credit Agreement were de minimis.

Prior credit agreement

In October 2021, we assumed a credit agreement through our acquisition of Paidy (the “Prior Credit Agreement”), which provided for a secured revolving credit facility of ¥22.8 billion (approximately $198 million at acquisition). As of December 31, 2021, ¥11.3 billion (approximately $98 million) was outstanding under the Prior Credit Agreement, which was recorded in long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheet. In the first quarter of 2022, we terminated the Prior Credit Agreement and repaid all outstanding borrowings. The total interest expense and fees we recorded related to the Prior Credit Agreement were de minimis for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Other available facilities

We also maintain uncommitted credit facilities in various regions throughout the world, which had a borrowing capacity of approximately $80 million and $90 million in the aggregate, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. This available credit includes facilities where we can withdraw and utilize the funds at our discretion for general corporate purposes. Interest rate terms for these facilities vary by region and reflect prevailing market rates for companies with strong credit ratings. As of December 31, 2022, the majority of the borrowing capacity under these credit facilities was available, subject to customary conditions to borrowing.

FUTURE PRINCIPAL PAYMENTS

As of December 31, 2022, the future principal payments associated with our term debt were as follows (in millions):
2023$418 
20241,250 
20251,000 
20261,250 
2027500 
Thereafter6,000 
Total$10,418 
v3.22.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
COMMITMENTS
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, approximately $4.9 billion and $4.1 billion, respectively, of unused credit was available to PayPal Credit account holders in the U.K. While this amount represents the total unused credit available, we have not experienced, and do not anticipate, that all our PayPal Credit account holders will access their entire available credit at any given point in time. In addition, the individual lines of credit that make up this unused credit are subject to periodic review and termination based on, among other things, account usage and customer creditworthiness.
LITIGATION AND REGULATORY MATTERS

Overview

We are involved in legal and regulatory proceedings on an ongoing basis. Many of these proceedings are in early stages and may seek an indeterminate amount of damages or penalties or may require us to change or adopt certain business practices. If we believe that a loss arising from such matters is probable and can be reasonably estimated, we accrue the estimated liability in our financial statements at that time. If only a range of estimated losses can be determined, we accrue an amount within the range that, in our judgment, reflects the most likely outcome; if none of the estimates within that range is a better estimate than any other amount, we accrue the low end of the range. For those proceedings in which an unfavorable outcome is reasonably possible but not probable, we have disclosed an estimate of the reasonably possible loss or range of losses or we have concluded that an estimate of the reasonably possible loss or range of losses arising directly from the proceeding (i.e., monetary damages or amounts paid in judgment or settlement) are not material. If we cannot estimate the probable or reasonably possible loss or range of losses arising from a legal proceeding, we have disclosed that fact. In assessing the materiality of a legal proceeding, we evaluate, among other factors, the amount of monetary damages claimed, as well as the potential impact of non-monetary remedies sought by plaintiffs (e.g., injunctive relief) that may require us to change our business practices in a manner that could have a material adverse impact on our business. With respect to the matters disclosed in this Note 13, we are unable to estimate the possible loss or range of losses that could potentially result from the application of such non-monetary remedies.

Amounts accrued for legal and regulatory proceedings for which we believe a loss is probable and reasonably estimable were not material for the year ended December 31, 2022. Except as otherwise noted for the proceedings described in this Note 13, we have concluded, based on currently available information, that reasonably possible losses arising directly from the proceedings (i.e., monetary damages or amounts paid in judgment or settlement) in excess of our recorded accruals are also not material. Determining legal reserves or possible losses from such matters involves judgment and may not reflect the full range of uncertainties and unpredictable outcomes. We may be exposed to losses in excess of the amount recorded, and such amounts could be material. If any of our estimates and assumptions change or prove to have been incorrect, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Regulatory proceedings

We routinely report to the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) on payments we have rejected or blocked pursuant to legal requirements under OFAC sanctions regulations. Between January 2013 and January 2022, we voluntarily disclosed to OFAC transactions that were inadvertently processed and identified as possible violations of OFAC sanctions regulations and responded to subpoenas and information requests related to certain of these transactions. In January 2023, OFAC notified us that it had completed its review of these matters and closed them with the issuance of a cautionary letter with no monetary penalties or sanctions.

PayPal Australia Pty Limited (“PPAU”) self-reported a potential violation to the Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre (“AUSTRAC”) on May 22, 2019. This self-reported matter relates to PPAU incorrectly filing required international funds transfer instructions (“IFTIs”) over a period of time under the Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Act 2006 (“AML/CTF Act”). On September 23, 2019, PPAU received a notice from AUSTRAC requiring that PPAU appoint an external auditor (a partner of a firm which is not our independent auditor) to review certain aspects of PPAU’s compliance with its obligations under the AML/CTF Act. The external auditor was appointed on November 1, 2019. As required under the terms of AUSTRAC’s notice, as amended, PPAU issued to AUSTRAC the external auditor’s interim reports on December 31, 2019, March 13, 2020, May 6, 2020, and July 7, 2020 and a final report on August 31, 2020.

AUSTRAC has notified PPAU that its enforcement team is investigating the matters reported upon by the external auditor in its August 31, 2020 final report. AUSTRAC continues to engage with PPAU regarding the transaction categories it considers reportable under the AML/CTF Act as IFTIs. PPAU is continuing to cooperate with AUSTRAC in all respects, including remediation activities, ongoing regular engagement with AUSTRAC, and responding to notices and requests for information and documents.
We cannot estimate the potential impact, if any, on our business or financial statements at this time. In the event an adverse outcome arises from any associated enforcement proceeding, or other further matter initiated by AUSTRAC, including in relation to AUSTRAC’s determination of reportable IFTIs, then this could result in enforceable undertakings, injunctions, damage awards, fines or penalties, or require us to change our business practices in a manner that could result in a material loss, require significant management time, result in the diversion of significant operational resources, or otherwise harm our business.

We have received Civil Investigative Demands (“CIDs”) from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”) related to Venmo’s unauthorized funds transfers and collections processes, and related matters, including treatment of consumers who request payments but accidentally designate an unintended recipient. The CIDs request the production of documents and answers to written questions. We are cooperating with the CFPB in connection with these CIDs.

We previously received a CID from the CFPB related to the marketing and use of PayPal Credit in connection with certain merchants that provide educational services (the “CFPB PayPal Credit Matter”). The CID requested the production of documents, written reports, and answers to written questions. We have been informed by the CFPB that this matter has been formally closed without action.

We are responding to subpoenas and requests for information received from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Enforcement Division relating to whether the interchange rates paid to the bank that issues debit cards bearing our licensed brands were consistent with Regulation II of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and to the reporting of marketing fees earned from the PayPal-branded card programs (the “SEC Debit Card Program Matter”). We are cooperating with the SEC Enforcement Division in connection with this investigation.

In February 2022, we received a CID from the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) related to PayPal’s practices relating to commercial customers that submit charges on behalf of other merchants or sellers, and related activities. The CID requests the production of documents and answers to written questions. We are cooperating with the FTC in connection with this CID.

In January 2023, we received notice of an administrative proceeding and a related request for information from the German Federal Cartel Office (“FCO”) related to terms in PayPal (Europe) S.à.r.l. et Cie, S.C.A.’s contractual terms with merchants in Germany prohibiting surcharging and requiring parity presentation of PayPal relative to other payment methods. We are cooperating with the FCO in connection with this proceeding.

Legal proceedings

On August 20, 2021, a putative securities class action captioned Kang v. PayPal Holdings, Inc., et al., Case No. 21-cv-06468, was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California (the “Kang Securities Action”). The Kang Securities Action asserts claims relating to our disclosure of the CFPB PayPal Credit Matter and the SEC Debit Card Program Matter in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021. The Kang Securities Action purports to be brought on behalf of purchasers of the Company’s stock between February 9, 2017 and July 28, 2021 (the “Class Period”), and asserts claims for violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 against the Company, its Chief Executive Officer, and former Chief Financial Officer. The complaint alleges that certain public statements made by the Company during the Class Period were rendered materially false and misleading (which, allegedly, caused the Company’s stock to trade at artificially inflated prices) by the defendants’ failure to disclose that, among other things, PayPal’s business practices with respect to PayPal Credit and regarding interchange rates paid to its bank partner related to its bank-issued co-branded debit cards were non-compliant with applicable laws and/or regulations. The Kang Securities Action seeks unspecified compensatory damages on behalf of the putative class members. On November 2, 2021, the court appointed a Lead Plaintiff, and on January 25, 2022, the Lead Plaintiff filed an amended complaint. The amended complaint alleges a class period between April 27, 2016 and July 28, 2021 (the “Amended Class Period”), and in addition to the Company, its Chief Executive Officer, and former Chief Financial Officer, also names other Company executives as defendants. The amended complaint alleges that various statements made by the defendants during the Amended Class Period were rendered materially false and misleading, in violation of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, by PayPal’s alleged violations of the 2015 consent order with the CFPB, federal consumer financial laws, and Regulation II. On August 8, 2022, the court granted Defendants’ motion to dismiss the amended complaint in its entirety, and granted Lead Plaintiff’s request for leave to file a further amended complaint. On September 16, 2022, Lead Plaintiff filed a Second Amended Complaint (the “SAC”), which asserts the same claims against the same Defendants based on the same alleged conduct as the prior complaint. Defendants moved to dismiss the SAC on November 3, 2022, and briefing is ongoing.
On December 16, 2021 and January 19, 2022, two related putative shareholder derivative actions captioned Pang v. Daniel Schulman, et al., Case No. 21-cv-09720, and Lalor v. Daniel Schulman, et al., Case No. 22-cv-00370, respectively, were filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California (the “California Derivative Actions”), purportedly on behalf of the Company. On August 2, 2022, a related putative shareholder derivative action captioned Jefferson v. Daniel Schulman, et al., No. 2022-0684, was filed in the Court of Chancery for the State of Delaware (the “Delaware Derivative Action,” and collectively with the California Derivative Actions, the “Derivative Actions”), purportedly on behalf of the Company. The Derivative Actions are based on the same alleged facts and circumstances as the Kang Securities Action, and name certain of our officers, including our Chief Executive Officer and former Chief Financial Officer, and members of our Board of Directors, as defendants. The Derivative Actions allege claims for breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets, and violations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and seek to recover damages on behalf of the Company. On February 1, 2022, the court entered an order consolidating the two California Derivative Actions and staying them until all motions to dismiss in the Kang Securities Action are resolved.

On October 4, 2022, a putative securities class action captioned Defined Benefit Plan of the Mid-Jersey Trucking Industry and Teamsters Local 701 Pension and Annuity Fund v. PayPal Holdings, Inc., et al., Case No. 22-cv-5864, was filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey. On January 11, 2023, the Court appointed Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec as lead plaintiff and renamed the action In re PayPal Holdings, Inc. Securities Litigation (“PPH Securities Action”). The PPH Securities Action asserts claims relating to our public statements with respect to net new active accounts (“NNA”) results and guidance, and the detection of illegitimately created accounts. The PPH Securities Action purports to be brought on behalf of purchasers of the Company’s stock between February 3, 2021 and February 1, 2022 (the “Class Period”), and asserts claims for violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 against the Company, its Chief Executive Officer, and former Chief Financial Officer. The complaint alleges that certain public statements made by the Company during the Class Period were rendered materially false and misleading (which, allegedly, caused the Company’s stock to trade at artificially inflated prices) by the defendants’ failure to disclose that, among other things, the Company’s incentive campaigns were susceptible to fraud and led to the creation of illegitimate accounts, which allegedly affected the Company’s NNA results and guidance. The PPH Securities Action seeks unspecified compensatory damages on behalf of the putative class members.

On November 2, 2022, a putative shareholder derivative action captioned Shah v. Daniel Schulman, et al., Case No. 22-cv-1445, was filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware (the “Shah Action”), purportedly on behalf of the Company. The Shah Action is based on the same alleged facts and circumstances as the PPH Securities Action, and names certain of our officers, including our Chief Executive Officer and former Chief Financial Officer, and members of our Board of Directors, as defendants. The Shah Action alleges claims for breach of fiduciary duty, aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, waste of corporate assets, and violations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and seeks to recover damages on behalf of the Company.

General matters

Other third parties have from time to time claimed, and others may claim in the future, that we have infringed their intellectual property rights. We are subject to patent disputes and expect that we will increasingly be subject to additional patent infringement claims involving various aspects of our business as our products and services continue to expand in scope and complexity. Such claims may be brought directly or indirectly against our companies and/or against our customers (who may be entitled to contractual indemnification under their contracts with us), and we are subject to increased exposure to such claims as a result of our acquisitions, particularly in cases where we are introducing new products or services in connection with such acquisitions. We have in the past been forced to litigate such claims, and we believe that additional lawsuits alleging such claims will be filed against us. Intellectual property claims, whether meritorious or not, are time-consuming and costly to defend and resolve, could require expensive changes in our methods of doing business, or could require us to enter into costly royalty or licensing agreements on unfavorable terms or make substantial payments to settle claims or to satisfy damages awarded by courts.
From time to time, we are involved in other disputes or regulatory inquiries that arise in the ordinary course of business, including suits by our customers (individually or as class actions) or regulators alleging, among other things, improper disclosure of our prices, rules, or policies, that our practices, prices, rules, policies, or customer/user agreements violate applicable law, or that we have acted unfairly or not acted in conformity with such prices, rules, policies, or agreements. In addition to these types of disputes and regulatory inquiries, our operations are also subject to regulatory and legal review and challenges that may reflect the increasing global regulatory focus to which the payments industry is subject and, when taken as a whole with other regulatory and legislative action, such actions could result in the imposition of costly new compliance burdens on our business and customers and may lead to increased costs and decreased transaction volume and revenue. Further, the number and significance of these disputes and inquiries are increasing as our business has grown and expanded in scale and scope, including the number of active accounts and payments transactions on our platform, the range and increasing complexity of the products and services that we offer, and our geographical operations. Any claims or regulatory actions against us, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation, settlement payments, damage awards (including statutory damages for certain causes of action in certain jurisdictions), fines, penalties, injunctive relief, or increased costs of doing business through adverse judgment or settlement, require us to change our business practices in expensive ways, require significant amounts of management time, result in the diversion of significant operational resources, or otherwise harm our business.

INDEMNIFICATION PROVISIONS

Our agreements with eBay governing our separation from eBay provide for specific indemnity and liability obligations for both eBay and us. Disputes between eBay and us have arisen and others may arise in the future, and an adverse outcome in such matters could materially and adversely impact our business, results of operations, and financial condition. In addition, the indemnity rights we have against eBay under the agreements may not be sufficient to protect us, and our indemnity obligations to eBay may be significant.

In the ordinary course of business, we include indemnification provisions in certain of our agreements with parties with whom we have commercial relationships. Under these contracts, we generally indemnify, hold harmless, and agree to reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party in connection with claims by any third party with respect to our domain names, trademarks, logos, and other branding elements to the extent that such marks are related to the subject agreement. We have provided an indemnity for other types of third-party claims, which may include indemnities related to intellectual property rights, confidentiality, willful misconduct, data privacy obligations, and certain breach of contract claims, among others. We have also provided an indemnity to our payments processors in the event of card association fines against the processor arising out of conduct by us or our customers. It is not possible to determine the maximum potential loss under these indemnification provisions due to our limited history of prior indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular situation.

PayPal has participated in the U.S. Government’s Paycheck Protection Program administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. Loans made under this program are funded by an independent chartered financial institution that we partner with. We receive a fee for providing services in connection with these loans and retain operational and audit risk related to those activities. We have agreed, under certain circumstances, to indemnify the chartered financial institution and its assignee of a portion of these loans in connection with the services provided for loans made under this program.
 
To date, no significant costs have been incurred, either individually or collectively, in connection with our indemnification provisions.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future material effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital resources.
PROTECTION PROGRAMS

We provide merchants and consumers with protection programs for certain transactions completed on our payments platform. These programs are intended to protect both merchants and consumers from loss primarily due to fraud and counterparty performance. Our Purchase Protection Program provides protection to consumers for qualifying purchases by reimbursing the consumer for the full amount of the purchase if a purchased item does not arrive or does not match the seller’s description. Our Seller Protection Programs provide protection to merchants against claims that a transaction was not authorized by the buyer or claims that an item was not received by covering the seller for the full amount of the payment on eligible sales. These protection programs are considered assurance-type warranties under applicable accounting standards for which we estimate and record associated costs in transaction and credit losses during the period the payment transaction is completed.

At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the allowance for transaction losses was $66 million and $121 million, respectively. The allowance for negative customer balances was $212 million and $234 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The following table shows changes in the allowance for transaction losses and negative customer balances related to our protection programs for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

As of December 31,
20222021
(In millions)
Beginning balance$355 $414 
Provision1,170 1,153 
Realized losses(1,417)(1,331)
Recoveries170 119 
Ending balance$278 $355 
v3.22.4
STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAMS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Equity [Abstract]  
STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAMS STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAMS
In April 2017, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program that provided for the repurchase of up to $5 billion of our common stock, with no expiration from the date of authorization. In July 2018, our Board of Directors authorized an additional stock repurchase program that provides for the repurchase of up to $10 billion of our common stock, with no expiration from the date of authorization. This program became effective in the first quarter of 2020 upon completion of the April 2017 stock repurchase program. In June 2022, our Board of Directors authorized an additional stock repurchase program that provides for the repurchase of up to $15 billion of our common stock, with no expiration from the date of authorization. Our stock repurchase programs are intended to offset the impact of dilution from our equity compensation programs and, subject to market conditions and other factors, may also be used to make opportunistic repurchases of our common stock to reduce outstanding share count. Any share repurchases under our stock repurchase programs may be made through open market transactions, block trades, privately negotiated transactions, including accelerated share repurchase agreements, or other means at times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate and will be funded from our working capital or other financing alternatives. Moreover, any stock repurchases are subject to market conditions and other uncertainties, and we cannot predict if or when any stock repurchases will be made. We may terminate our stock repurchase programs at any time without prior notice.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we repurchased approximately 41 million shares of our common stock for approximately $4.2 billion at an average cost of $103.47. These shares were purchased in the open market under our stock repurchase program authorized in July 2018. As of December 31, 2022, a total of approximately $861 million and $15.0 billion remained available for future repurchases of our common stock under our July 2018 and June 2022 stock repurchase programs, respectively.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we repurchased approximately 15 million shares of our common stock for approximately $3.4 billion at an average cost of $219.75. These shares were purchased in the open market under our stock repurchase program authorized in July 2018. As of December 31, 2021, a total of approximately $5.1 billion remained available for future repurchases of our common stock under our July 2018 stock repurchase program.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we repurchased approximately 12 million shares of our common stock for approximately $1.6 billion at an average cost of $136.19. These shares were purchased in the open market under our stock repurchase programs authorized in April 2017 and July 2018. As of December 31, 2020, a total of approximately $8.4 billion remained available for future repurchases of our common stock under our July 2018 stock repurchase program.

Shares of common stock repurchased for the periods presented were recorded as treasury stock for the purposes of calculating net income (loss) per share and were accounted for under the cost method. No repurchased shares of common stock have been retired.
v3.22.4
STOCK-BASED AND EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
STOCK-BASED AND EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS STOCK-BASED AND EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS
EQUITY INCENTIVE PLANS

Under the terms of the Amended and Restated PayPal Holdings, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Award Plan (the “Plan”), equity awards, including restricted stock units (“RSUs”), restricted stock awards, performance based restricted stock units (“PBRSUs”), stock options, deferred stock units, and stock payments, may be granted to our directors, officers, and employees. At December 31, 2022, 47 million shares were authorized under the Plan and approximately 31 million shares were available for future grant. Shares issued as a result of stock option exercises and the release of stock awards were funded primarily with the issuance of new shares of common stock.

In 2022, the Company adopted a plan for which equity-based incentive awards may be granted to new employees (the “Inducement Plan”). Grants under the Inducement Plan are in addition to the Plan mentioned above. As of December 31, 2022, 5 million shares were authorized under the Inducement Plan and approximately 3 million shares were available for future grant.

RSUs are granted to eligible employees under the Plan. RSUs issued prior to January 1, 2022 generally vest in equal annual installments over a period of three years. RSUs issued on or after January 1, 2022 generally vest over three years at a rate of 33% after one year, then in equal quarterly installments thereafter. RSUs are subject to an employee’s continuing service to us, and do not have an expiration date. The cost of RSUs granted is determined using the fair market value of PayPal’s common stock on the date of grant.

Certain of our executives and non-executives are eligible to receive PBRSUs, which are equity awards that may be earned based on an initial target number. The final number of PBRSUs may vest and settle depending on the Company’s performance against pre-established performance metrics over a predefined performance period. PBRSUs granted under the Plan generally have one to three-year performance periods with cliff vesting following the completion of the performance period, subject to the Compensation Committee’s approval of the level of achievement against the pre-established performance targets. Over the performance period, the number of PBRSUs that may be issued and related stock-based compensation expense that is recognized is adjusted upward or downward based upon the probability of achieving the approved performance targets against the performance metrics. Depending on the probability of achieving the pre-established performance targets, the number of PBRSUs issued could range from 0% to 200% of the target amount.

All stock options under the Plan were assumed in connection with acquisitions on the same terms and conditions (including vesting) applicable to such acquired companies’ equity awards. The cost of stock options was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.

EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN

Under the terms of the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), shares of our common stock may be purchased over an offering period with a maximum duration of two years at 85% of the lower of the fair market value on the first day of the applicable offering period or on the last business day of each six-month purchase period within the offering period. Employees may contribute between 2% and 10% of their gross compensation during an offering period to purchase shares, but not more than the statutory limitation of $25,000 per year. All company stock purchased through the ESPP is considered outstanding and is included in the weighted-average outstanding shares for purposes of computing basic and diluted net income (loss) per share. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, our employees purchased 1.9 million, 1.4 million, and 1.7 million shares under the ESPP at an average per share price of $73.20, $114.36, and $80.36, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, approximately 46 million shares were reserved for future issuance under the ESPP.
RSU, PBRSU, AND RESTRICTED STOCK ACTIVITY

The following table summarizes RSU, PBRSU, and restricted stock activity under the Plan and the Inducement Plan as of December 31, 2022 and changes during the year ended December 31, 2022:
UnitsWeighted Average Grant-Date
Fair Value
(per share)
 (In thousands, except per share amounts)
Outstanding at January 1, 202217,534 $172.55 
Awarded and assumed(1)
17,238 $105.20 
Vested(1)
(9,930)$145.75 
Forfeited/cancelled(2)
(5,254)$147.81 
Outstanding at December 31, 202219,588 $133.27 
Expected to vest17,507 
(1) Includes approximately 0.5 million of additional PBRSUs issued during 2022 due to the achievement of company performance metrics on awards granted in previous years.
(2) Includes approximately 1.0 million of PBRSUs cancelled during 2022 resulting from a change in the method of payout of the Company portion of our Annual Incentive Plan from equity to cash for certain employees.
During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the aggregate intrinsic value of RSUs and PBRSUs vested under the Plan was $935 million, $3.4 billion, and $1.7 billion, respectively.

In the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company granted 1.5 million PBRSUs with a one-year performance period (fiscal 2022) of which 1.0 million were subsequently cancelled due to the change in method of payout as mentioned above. As such, 0.5 million will become fully vested following the completion of the performance period in February 2023 (one year from the annual incentive award cycle grant date). In the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company also granted 1.1 million PBRSUs with a three-year performance period.

In the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company granted 0.7 million PBRSUs with a one-year performance period (fiscal 2021), which became fully vested following the completion of the performance period in February 2022 (one year from the annual incentive award cycle grant date), and 0.5 million PBRSUs with a three-year performance period.

STOCK OPTION ACTIVITY
The following table summarizes stock option activity of our employees under the Plan for the year ended December 31, 2022:
SharesWeighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
 (In thousands, except per share amounts and years)
Outstanding at January 1, 2022339 $17.55 
Assumed$55.55 
Exercised(190)$20.62 
Forfeited/expired/cancelled(11)$13.66 
Outstanding at December 31, 2022141 $14.56 4.93$8,080 
Expected to vest24 $23.89 7.46$1,172 
Options exercisable117 $12.60 4.40$6,875 
The weighted average grant date fair value of options assumed from acquisitions during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 was $147.92, $237.26 and $108.61, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value was calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying options and the quoted price of our common stock at December 31, 2022. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised under the Plan was $16 million, $81 million, and $66 million, respectively, determined as of the date of option exercise. At December 31, 2022, substantially all outstanding options were in-the-money.

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE
Stock-based compensation expense for the Plan and the Inducement Plan is measured based on estimated fair value at the time of grant, and recognized over the award’s vesting period.

The impact on our results of operations of recording stock-based compensation expense under the Plan for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 was as follows:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
 (In millions)
Customer support and operations$269 $263 $250 
Sales and marketing151 175 172 
Technology and development512 515 529 
General and administrative383 468 460 
Total stock-based compensation expense$1,315 $1,421 $1,411 
Capitalized as part of internal use software and website development costs$52 $68 $48 
Income tax benefit recognized for stock-based compensation arrangements$209 $221 $226 

As of December 31, 2022, there was approximately $1.4 billion of unearned stock-based compensation estimated to be expensed primarily from 2023 through 2025. If there are any modifications or cancellations of the underlying unvested awards, we may be required to accelerate, increase, or cancel all or a portion of the remaining unearned stock-based compensation expense. Future unearned stock-based compensation will increase to the extent we grant additional equity awards, change the mix of equity awards we grant, or assume unvested equity awards in connection with acquisitions.

EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS

Under the terms of the PayPal Holdings, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan, which also qualifies under Section 401(k) of the Code, participating U.S. employees may contribute up to 50% of their eligible compensation, but not more than statutory limits. Under the PayPal plan, eligible employees received one dollar for each dollar contributed, up to 4% of each employee’s eligible salary, subject to a maximum employer contribution per employee of $12,200 in 2022 and $11,600 in both 2021 and 2020. Our non-U.S. employees are covered by other savings plans. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the matching contribution expense for our U.S. and international savings plans was approximately $83 million, $81 million, and $72 million, respectively.
v3.22.4
INCOME TAXES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES INCOME TAXES
The components of income before income taxes are as follows:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
(In millions)
United States$(155)$290 $1,504 
International3,521 3,809 3,561 
Income before income taxes$3,366 $4,099 $5,065 
The income tax expense (benefit) is composed of the following:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
(In millions)
Current:
Federal$688 $$310 
State and local104 80 143 
Foreign966 326 245 
Total current portion of income tax expense$1,758 $412 $698 
Deferred:
Federal$(563)$(401)$259 
State and local(101)(45)(32)
Foreign(147)(36)(62)
Total deferred portion of income tax expense (benefit)(811)(482)165 
Income tax expense (benefit)$947 $(70)$863 
The following is a reconciliation of the difference between the effective income tax rate and the federal statutory rate:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
Federal statutory rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
Domestic income taxed at different rates(0.6)%(1.7)%— %
State taxes, net of federal benefit— %0.9 %2.2 %
Foreign income taxed at different rates(12.2)%(13.4)%(7.4)%
Stock-based compensation expense4.1 %(7.3)%(1.2)%
Tax credits(0.4)%(2.4)%(2.0)%
Change in valuation allowances2.2 %0.5 %0.1 %
Intra-group transfer of intellectual property10.0 %0.7 %4.1 %
Other4.0 %— %0.2 %
Effective income tax rate28.1 %(1.7)%17.0 %

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the difference between the effective income tax rate of 28.1% and the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% to income before income taxes was primarily the result of tax expense related to the intra-group transfer of intellectual property and non-deductible stock-based compensation, partially offset by foreign income taxed at different rates. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the difference between the effective income tax rate of (1.7)% and the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% to income before income taxes was primarily the result of foreign income taxed at different rates and stock-based compensation deductions. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the difference between the effective income tax rate of 17.0% and the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% to income before income taxes was primarily the result of foreign income taxed at different rates, partially offset by tax expense related to the intra-group transfer of intellectual property.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Significant deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following:
 As of December 31,
 20222021
(In millions)
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards$355 $317 
Accruals, allowances, and prepaids427 622 
Lease liabilities173 176 
Partnership investment— 
Stock-based compensation154 188 
Net unrealized losses151 23 
Acquired intangibles38 — 
Fixed assets and other intangibles655 84 
Total deferred tax assets1,953 1,415 
Valuation allowance(341)(274)
Net deferred tax assets$1,612 $1,141 
Deferred tax liabilities:
Unremitted foreign earnings$(42)$(35)
Acquired intangibles— (240)
ROU lease assets(138)(154)
Partnership investment(12)— 
Net unrealized gains(135)(351)
Total deferred tax liabilities(327)(780)
Net deferred tax assets $1,285 $361 
The following table shows the deferred tax assets and liabilities within our consolidated balance sheets:
As of December 31,
20222021
 Balance Sheet Location(In millions)
Total deferred tax assets (non-current)Other assets$1,310 $547 
Total deferred tax liabilities (non-current)Deferred tax liability and other long-term liabilities(25)(186)
Total net deferred tax assets $1,285 $361 

As of December 31, 2022, our federal, state, and foreign net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes were approximately $6 million, $156 million, and $634 million, respectively. The federal and state net operating loss carryforwards are subject to various limitations under Section 382 of the Code. If not utilized, the federal net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire in 2025, and the state net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire in 2023. Approximately $197 million of the foreign net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire in 2024, $191 million will begin to expire in 2034, and $246 million may be carried forward indefinitely. As of December 31, 2022, our federal and state tax credit carryforwards for income tax purposes were approximately $24 million and $374 million, respectively. If not utilized, the federal tax credits will begin to expire in 2029. Approximately $49 million of the state tax credits will begin to expire from 2023 through 2028, $8 million will begin to expire in 2038, and $317 million may be carried forward indefinitely.

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We have elected the tax law ordering approach to assess the realizability of our net operating losses. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, we increased our valuation allowance by $67 million and $108 million, respectively, and during the year ended December 31, 2020, we decreased our valuation allowance by $18 million. At December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, we maintained a valuation allowance with respect to our net deferred tax assets in certain states, operating losses in certain state and foreign jurisdictions, and certain federal and state tax credits that we believe are not likely to be realized.
At December 31, 2022, none of our approximately $11.0 billion of unremitted foreign earnings are considered to be indefinitely reinvested. We have accrued $42 million of deferred U.S. state income and foreign withholding taxes on the $11.0 billion of undistributed foreign earnings.

We benefit from agreements concluded in certain jurisdictions, most significantly Singapore. In December 2019, a new agreement was concluded in Singapore. The new agreement took effect January 1, 2021 and will be in effect from 2021 through 2030. This agreement results in significantly lower rates of taxation on certain classes of income and requires various thresholds of investment and employment in those jurisdictions. We review our compliance on an annual basis to ensure we continue to meet our obligations under this agreement. This agreement resulted in tax savings of approximately $510 million, $327 million, and $596 million in 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The benefit of this agreement on our net income (loss) per share (diluted) was approximately $0.44, $0.28, and $0.50 in 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.
The following table reflects changes in unrecognized tax benefits for the periods presented below:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
 (In millions)
Gross amounts of unrecognized tax benefits as of the beginning of the period$1,678 $1,479 $1,141 
Increases related to prior period tax positions52 172 92 
Decreases related to prior period tax positions(185)(187)(78)
Increases related to current period tax positions337 232 360 
Settlements(2)(15)(34)
Statute of limitation expirations(3)(3)(2)
Gross amounts of unrecognized tax benefits as of the end of the period$1,877 $1,678 $1,479 
If the remaining balance of unrecognized tax benefits were realized in a future period, it would result in a tax benefit of $1.2 billion.
 
For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, we recognized net interest and penalties of $119 million, $6 million, and $40 million, respectively, related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. This expense is reflected in the “Other” line of our effective income tax rate schedule. The amount of interest and penalties accrued as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $342 million and $212 million, respectively.

We are subject to taxation in the U.S. and various state and foreign jurisdictions. We are currently under examination by certain tax authorities for the 2010 to 2021 tax years. The material jurisdictions in which we are subject to examination by tax authorities for tax years after 2009 primarily include the U.S. (Federal and California), Australia, Germany, India, Israel, and Singapore. We believe that adequate amounts have been reserved for any adjustments that may ultimately result from our open examinations.

Although the timing of the resolution of these audits is uncertain, we do not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2022 will materially change in the next 12 months. However, given the number of years remaining subject to examination and the number of matters being examined, we are unable to estimate the full range of possible adjustments to the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits.

In connection with our separation from eBay in 2015, we entered into various agreements that govern the relationship between the parties going forward, including a tax matters agreement. Under the tax matters agreement, eBay is generally responsible for all additional taxes (and will be entitled to all related refunds of taxes) imposed on eBay and its subsidiaries (including subsidiaries that were transferred to PayPal pursuant to the separation) arising after the separation date with respect to the taxable periods (or portions thereof) ended on or prior to July 17, 2015, except for those taxes for which PayPal has reflected an unrecognized tax benefit in its financial statements on the separation date.
v3.22.4
RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES
During the first quarter of 2022, management initiated a strategic reduction of the existing global workforce intended to streamline and optimize our global operations to enhance operating efficiency. This effort focused on reducing redundant operations and simplifying our organizational structure. The associated restructuring charges in 2022 were $121 million. We primarily incurred employee severance and benefits costs, as well as associated consulting costs under the 2022 strategic reduction. The strategic actions associated with this plan were substantially completed by the fourth quarter of 2022.

The following table summarizes the restructuring reserve activity during the year ended December 31, 2022:
 Employee Severance and Benefits and Other Associated Costs
(In millions)
Accrued liability as of January 1, 2022$
Charges 121 
Payments(102)
Accrued liability as of December 31, 2022
$24 
During the first quarter of 2020, management approved a strategic reduction of the existing global workforce as part of a multiphase process to reorganize our workforce concurrently with the redesign of our operating structure, which spanned multiple quarters. The associated restructuring charges in 2021 and 2020 were $27 million, and $109 million, respectively. We primarily incurred employee severance and benefits costs, as well as associated consulting costs under the 2020 strategic reduction, which was substantially completed in 2021.
Additionally, we are continuing to review our real estate and facility capacity requirements due to our new and evolving work models. We incurred asset impairment charges of $81 million, $26 million, and $30 million in 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, due to exiting of certain leased properties which resulted in a reduction of ROU lease assets and related leasehold improvements. See “Note 6—Leases” for additional information.
v3.22.4
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Subsequent Events [Abstract]  
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS SUBSEQUENT EVENTSIn January 2023, management initiated a global workforce reduction intended to focus resources on core strategic priorities, and improve our cost structure and operating efficiency. We estimate that this reduction will impact approximately 7% of our employees and will result in approximately $100 million of restructuring charges, primarily related to employee severance and benefits costs. The actions associated with this plan are expected to be substantially completed by the first quarter of 2023.
v3.22.4
Schedule II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts [Abstract]  
Schedule II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
The Financial Statement Schedule II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS is filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Balance at
Beginning of
Period
Charged/
(Credited) to
Net Income
Charged to
Other
Accounts(1)
Charges
Utilized/
(Write-offs)
Balance at
End of Period
 (In millions)
Allowance for Transaction Losses and Negative Customer Balances
Year Ended December 31, 2020$399 $1,135 $— $(1,120)$414 
Year Ended December 31, 2021$414 $1,153 $— $(1,212)$355 
Year Ended December 31, 2022$355 $1,170 $— $(1,247)$278 
Allowance for Loans and Interest Receivable
Year Ended December 31, 2020$258 $689 $210 $(319)$838 
Year Ended December 31, 2021$838 $(104)$— $(243)$491 
Year Ended December 31, 2022$491 $437 $— $(330)$598 
(1) The amount is related to the impact of the adjustment recorded for adoption of the current expected credit loss standard.
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of presentation
Basis of presentation and principles of consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of PayPal and our wholly- and majority-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The noncontrolling interest reported in a prior period was a component of equity on our consolidated balance sheets and represented the equity interests not owned by PayPal, and was recorded for consolidated entities we controlled and of which we owned less than 100%. Noncontrolling interest was not presented separately on our consolidated statements of income (loss) as the amount was de minimis.
Investments in entities where we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. For such investments, our share of the investee’s results of operations is included in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of income (loss). Investments in entities where we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the investee are accounted for at fair value or cost minus impairment, if any, adjusted for changes resulting from observable price changes, which are included in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of income (loss). Our investment balance is included in long-term investments on our consolidated balance sheets.
We determine at the inception of each investment, and re-evaluate if certain events occur, whether an entity in which we have made an investment is considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”). If we determine an investment is in a VIE, we then assess if we are the primary beneficiary, which would require consolidation.
As of December 31, 2021, we had consolidated two VIEs that provided financing for and held loans receivable of Paidy, Inc. (“Paidy”). We were the primary beneficiary of the VIEs as we performed the servicing and collection for the loans receivable, which were the activities that most significantly impacted the VIE’s economic performance, and we had the obligation to absorb the losses and/or the right to receive the benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to these entities. The financial results of these VIEs were included in our consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2021, the carrying value of the assets and liabilities of our consolidated VIEs was included as short-term investments of $87 million, loans and interest receivable, net of $21 million, and long-term debt of $98 million. Cash of $87 million, included in short-term investments, was restricted to settle the debt obligations. In the first quarter of 2022, we terminated Paidy’s legacy debt structure and replaced it with a new credit agreement executed in February 2022. As a result, we no longer have any consolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2022. See “Note 12—Debt” for additional information.
As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the carrying value of our investments in nonconsolidated VIEs was $128 million and $74 million, respectively, and is included as non-marketable equity securities applying the equity method of accounting in long-term investments on our consolidated balance sheets. Our maximum exposure to loss related to our nonconsolidated VIEs, which represents funded commitments and any future funding commitments, was $232 million and $205 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In the opinion of management, these consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements for all periods presented. Certain amounts for prior years have been reclassified to conform to the financial statement presentation as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Reclassifications
Reclassifications

Beginning with the fourth quarter of 2022, we reclassified certain cash flows related to our collateral security arrangements for derivative instruments from cash flows from operating activities to cash flows from investing activities and cash flows from financing activities within the consolidated statements of cash flows. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

The current period presentation classifies all changes in collateral posted and collateral received related to derivative instruments on our consolidated statements of cash flows as cash flows from investing activities and cash flows from financing activities, respectively. We believe that the current period presentation provides a more meaningful representation of the nature of the cash flows and allows for greater transparency as the cash flows related to the derivatives impact operating cash flows upon settlement exclusive of the offsetting cash flows from collateral.

The following tables present the effects of the changes on the presentation of these cash flows to the previously reported consolidated statements of cash flows:
Year Ended December 31, 2021
(In millions)
As Previously Reported (1)
AdjustmentsReclassified
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities(2)
$6,340 $(543)$5,797 
Investing activities(3)
(5,485)336 (5,149)
Financing activities(4)
(764)207 (557)
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(102)— (102)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$(11)$— $(11)
(1) As reported in our 2021 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 3, 2022.
(2) Financial statement lines impacted in operating activities were “Other current assets and non-current assets” and “Other current liabilities and non-current liabilities,” which decreased by $336 million and $207 million, respectively, to arrive at the reclassified amounts.
(3) Financial statement line impacted in investing activities was “Collateral posted related to derivative instruments, net.”
(4) Financial statement line impacted in financing activities was “Collateral received related to derivative instruments, net.”
Year Ended December 31, 2020
(In millions)
As Previously Reported (1)
AdjustmentsReclassified
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities(2)
$5,854 $365 $6,219 
Investing activities(3)
(16,218)(327)(16,545)
Financing activities(4)
12,492 (38)12,454 
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash169 — 169 
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$2,297 $— $2,297 
(1) As reported in our 2021 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 3, 2022.
(2) Financial statement lines impacted in operating activities were “other current assets and non-current assets” and “other current liabilities and non-current liabilities,” which increased by $327 million and $38 million, respectively, to arrive at the reclassified amounts.
(3) Financial statement line impacted in investing activities was “Collateral posted related to derivative instruments, net.”
(4) Financial statement line impacted in financing activities was “Collateral received related to derivative instruments, net.”
Principles of consolidation
Basis of presentation and principles of consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of PayPal and our wholly- and majority-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The noncontrolling interest reported in a prior period was a component of equity on our consolidated balance sheets and represented the equity interests not owned by PayPal, and was recorded for consolidated entities we controlled and of which we owned less than 100%. Noncontrolling interest was not presented separately on our consolidated statements of income (loss) as the amount was de minimis.
Investments in entities where we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. For such investments, our share of the investee’s results of operations is included in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of income (loss). Investments in entities where we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the investee are accounted for at fair value or cost minus impairment, if any, adjusted for changes resulting from observable price changes, which are included in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of income (loss). Our investment balance is included in long-term investments on our consolidated balance sheets.
We determine at the inception of each investment, and re-evaluate if certain events occur, whether an entity in which we have made an investment is considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”). If we determine an investment is in a VIE, we then assess if we are the primary beneficiary, which would require consolidation.
As of December 31, 2021, we had consolidated two VIEs that provided financing for and held loans receivable of Paidy, Inc. (“Paidy”). We were the primary beneficiary of the VIEs as we performed the servicing and collection for the loans receivable, which were the activities that most significantly impacted the VIE’s economic performance, and we had the obligation to absorb the losses and/or the right to receive the benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to these entities. The financial results of these VIEs were included in our consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2021, the carrying value of the assets and liabilities of our consolidated VIEs was included as short-term investments of $87 million, loans and interest receivable, net of $21 million, and long-term debt of $98 million. Cash of $87 million, included in short-term investments, was restricted to settle the debt obligations. In the first quarter of 2022, we terminated Paidy’s legacy debt structure and replaced it with a new credit agreement executed in February 2022. As a result, we no longer have any consolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2022. See “Note 12—Debt” for additional information.
As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the carrying value of our investments in nonconsolidated VIEs was $128 million and $74 million, respectively, and is included as non-marketable equity securities applying the equity method of accounting in long-term investments on our consolidated balance sheets. Our maximum exposure to loss related to our nonconsolidated VIEs, which represents funded commitments and any future funding commitments, was $232 million and $205 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In the opinion of management, these consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements for all periods presented. Certain amounts for prior years have been reclassified to conform to the financial statement presentation as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Use of estimates
Use of estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with United States (“U.S.”) generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to provisions for transaction and credit losses, income taxes, loss contingencies, revenue recognition, the valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, and the valuation of strategic investments. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions which we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased and are comprised of primarily bank deposits, government and agency securities, and commercial paper.
Investments
Investments

Short-term investments include time deposits and available-for-sale debt securities with original maturities of greater than three months but less than one year when purchased or maturities of one year or less on the reporting date. Long-term investments include time deposits and available-for-sale debt securities with maturities exceeding one year on the reporting date, as well as our strategic investments. Our available-for-sale debt securities are reported at fair value using the specific identification method. Unrealized gains and losses are reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss), net of related estimated tax provisions or benefits.
 
We elect to account for available-for-sale debt securities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of our subsidiaries, underlying funds receivable and customer accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments, under the fair value option as further discussed in “Note 9—Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities.” The changes in fair value related to initial measurement and subsequent changes in fair value are included in earnings as a component of other income (expense), net.
Our strategic investments consist of marketable equity securities, which are publicly traded, and non-marketable equity securities, which are primarily investments in privately held companies. Marketable equity securities have readily determinable fair values with changes in fair value recorded in other income (expense), net. Non-marketable equity securities include investments that do not have a readily determinable fair value, as well as equity method investments. The investments that do not have readily determinable fair value are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, and are adjusted for changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment in the same issuer (the “Measurement Alternative”). Non-marketable equity securities also include our investments where we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee and account for these securities using the equity method of accounting. All gains and losses on these investments, realized and unrealized, and our share of earnings or losses from investments accounted for using the equity method are recognized in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statements of income (loss). We assess whether an impairment loss on our non-marketable, measurement alternative investments has occurred based on qualitative factors such as the companies’ financial condition and business outlook, industry performance, regulatory, economic or technological environment, and other relevant events and factors affecting the company. We assess whether an other-than-temporary impairment loss on our equity method investments has occurred due to declines in fair value or other market conditions. When indicators of impairment exist, we estimate the fair value of our non-marketable equity securities using the market approach and/or the income approach. Estimating fair value requires judgment and use of estimates such as discount rates, forecasted cash flows, and market data of comparable companies, among others. If any impairment is identified for non-marketable equity securities or impairment is considered other-than-temporary for our equity method investments, we write down the investment to its fair value and record the corresponding charge through other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of income (loss). Our available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position are written down to fair value through a charge to other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of income (loss) if we intend to sell the security or it is more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. For the remaining available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, if we identify that the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses, taking into consideration changes to the rating of the security by rating agencies, implied yields versus benchmark yields, and the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, among other factors, we estimate the present value of cash flows expected to be collected. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any portion of impairment not related to credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss).
Loans and interest receivable, net and Allowance for loans and interest receivable
Loans and interest receivable, net

Loans and interest receivable, net represents merchant receivables originated under our PayPal Working Capital (“PPWC”) product and PayPal Business Loan (“PPBL”) product and consumer loans originated under our PayPal Credit and installment credit products. PayPal Credit consists of revolving credit products.

In the U.S., PPWC, PPBL, and consumer interest-bearing installment products are provided under a program agreement we have with an independent chartered financial institution (“partner institution”). The partner institution extends credit to merchants for the PPWC and PPBL products and to consumers for interest-bearing installment products and we purchase the related receivables originated by the partner institution. For our merchant finance products outside the U.S., we extend working capital advances and loans in Europe through our Luxembourg banking subsidiary, and working capital loans in Australia through an Australian subsidiary. In the U.S., we extend certain short-term, interest-free, installment loans to consumers through a U.S. subsidiary. For our international consumer credit products, we extend credit in Europe through our Luxembourg banking subsidiary, and in Australia and Japan, through local subsidiaries.

As part of our arrangement with the partner institution in the U.S., we sell back a participation interest in the pool of receivables for the PPWC, PPBL, and consumer interest-bearing installment products. The partner institution has no recourse against us related to their participation interests for failure of debtors to pay when due. The participation interests held by the partner institution have the same priority to the interests held by us and are subject to the same credit, prepayment, and interest rate risk associated with this pool of receivables. All risks of loss are shared pro rata based on participation interests held among all participating stakeholders. We account for the asset transfer as a sale and derecognize the portion of the participation interests for which control has been surrendered. For this arrangement, gains or losses on the sale of the participation interests are not material as the carrying amount of the participation interest sold approximates the fair value at time of transfer.
In certain instances where a merchant is able to demonstrate that it is experiencing financial difficulty, there may be a modification of the loan or advance and the related interest or fee receivable for which it is probable that, without modification, we would be unable to collect all amounts due, therefore resulting in a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”). Refer to “Note 11—Loans and Interest Receivable” for further information related to TDRs.

Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable are reported at their outstanding balances, net of any participation interests sold and unamortized deferred origination costs. We maintain the servicing rights for the entire pool of consumer and merchant receivables outstanding and receive a market-based service fee for servicing the assets underlying the participation interest sold.

We offer both revolving and installment credit products to our consumers. The terms of our consumer relationships require us to submit monthly bills to the consumer detailing loan repayment requirements. The terms also allow us to charge the consumer interest and fees in certain circumstances. Due to the relatively small dollar amount of individual loans and interest receivable, we do not require collateral on these balances.

Another partner institution is the exclusive issuer of the PayPal Credit consumer financing program in the U.S. We do not hold an ownership interest in the receivables generated through the program and therefore, do not record these receivables on our consolidated financial statements. PayPal earns a revenue share on the portfolio of consumer receivables owned by the partner institution, which is recorded in revenues from other value added services on our consolidated statements of income (loss).

Allowance for loans and interest receivable

The allowance for loans and interest receivable represents our estimate of current expected credit losses inherent in our portfolio of loans and interest receivables. Increases to the allowance for loans receivable are reflected as a component of transaction and credit losses on our consolidated statements of income (loss). Increases to the allowance for interest and fees receivable are reflected as a reduction of net revenues on our consolidated statements of income (loss), or as a reduction of deferred revenue when interest and fees are billed at the inception of a loan or advance. The evaluation process to assess the adequacy of allowances is subject to numerous estimates and judgments.

The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“CECL”) effective January 1, 2020.

The allowance for merchant loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable is primarily based on expectations of credit losses based on historical lifetime loss data as well as macroeconomic forecasts applied to the portfolio. In the third quarter of 2022, our expected credit loss models for our merchant receivables were updated. These changes did not have a material impact on our provision recorded in the year ended December 31, 2022. The merchant loss models incorporate various portfolio attributes including geographic region, first borrowing versus repeat borrowing, delinquency, internally developed risk ratings, and vintage, as well as macroeconomic factors such as forecasted trends in unemployment and retail e-commerce sales (and through the second quarter of 2022, benchmark credit card charge-off rates.) The forecasted macroeconomic factors are sourced externally, using a single scenario that we believe is most appropriate to the economic conditions applicable to a particular period. The reasonable and supportable forecast period for merchant products that we have included in our projected loss rates for 2022 and 2021, which approximates the estimated life of the loans, is approximately 2.5 to 3.5 years. Projected loss rates, inclusive of historical loss data and macroeconomic factors, are applied to the principal amount of our merchant receivables. We also include qualitative adjustments that incorporate incremental information not captured in the quantitative estimates of our current expected credit losses. The allowance for current expected credit losses on interest and fees receivable is determined primarily by applying loss curves to each portfolio by geography, delinquency, and period of origination, among other factors.
The allowance for consumer loans and interest receivable is primarily based on expectations of credit losses based on historical lifetime loss data. The allowance for loans and interest receivable for our revolving credit product also incorporates macroeconomic forecasts applied to the portfolio. The consumer loss models incorporate various portfolio attributes including geographic region, loan term, delinquency, credit rating, vintage, and for the revolving credit portfolio macroeconomic factors such as forecasted trends in unemployment and household disposable income. The forecasted macroeconomic factors are sourced externally, using a single scenario that we believe is most appropriate to the economic conditions applicable to a particular period. The reasonable and supportable forecast period for revolving products and installment products that we have included in our projected loss rates for 2022, which approximates the estimated life of the loans, is approximately 2 years and approximately 7 months to 3.5 years, respectively. In 2021, the reasonable and supportable forecast periods were consistent with 2022 except for installment products, which had an estimated life of 7 months to 2.5 years. Projected loss rates, inclusive of historical loss data and, for the revolving credit portfolio macroeconomic factors, are derived based on and applied to the principal amount of our consumer receivables. We also include qualitative adjustments that incorporate incremental information not captured in the quantitative estimates of our current expected credit losses, such as expectations of macroeconomic conditions not captured in the loss models for our installment products. The allowance for current expected credit losses on interest and fees receivable is determined primarily by applying loss curves to each portfolio by geography, delinquency, and period of origination, among other factors.
Customer accounts
Customer accounts

We hold all customer balances, both in the U.S. and internationally, as direct claims against us which are reflected on our consolidated balance sheets as a liability classified as amounts due to customers. Certain jurisdictions where PayPal operates require us to hold eligible liquid assets, as defined by applicable regulatory requirements and commercial law in these jurisdictions, equal to at least 100% of the aggregate amount of all customer balances. Therefore, we restrict the use of the assets underlying the customer balances to meet these regulatory requirements and separately classify the assets as customer accounts in our consolidated balance sheets. We classify the assets underlying the customer balances as current based on their purpose and availability to fulfill our direct obligation under amounts due to customers. Customer funds for which PayPal is an agent and custodian on behalf of our customers are not reflected on our consolidated balance sheets. These funds include U.S. dollar funds which are deposited at one or more third-party financial institutions insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and are eligible for FDIC pass-through insurance (subject to applicable limits).

Under applicable accounting standards, we are an agent when facilitating cryptocurrency transactions on behalf of our customers. Cryptocurrencies held on behalf of our customers are not PayPal’s assets and therefore, are not reflected as cryptocurrency assets on our consolidated balance sheets; however, we recognize a crypto asset safeguarding liability with a corresponding safeguarding asset to reflect our obligation to safeguard the cryptocurrencies held on behalf of our customers.

In June 2018, the Luxembourg Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier (the “CSSF”) agreed that PayPal’s management may designate up to 35% of European customer balances held in our Luxembourg banking subsidiary to fund European and U.S. credit activities. In August 2022, the CSSF approved PayPal’s management designating up to 50% of such balances to fund our credit activities through the end of February 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2022, an additional $1.1 billion was approved to fund our credit activities. As of December 31, 2022, the cumulative amount approved by management to be designated to fund credit activities aggregated to $3.8 billion and represented approximately 37% of European customer balances made available for our corporate use at that date as determined by applying financial regulations maintained by the CSSF. At the time PayPal’s management designates the European customer balances held in our Luxembourg banking subsidiary to be used to extend credit, the balances are classified as cash and cash equivalents and no longer classified as customer accounts on our consolidated balance sheets. The remaining assets underlying the customer balances remain separately classified as customer accounts on our consolidated balance sheets. We identify these customer accounts separately from corporate funds and maintain them in interest and non-interest bearing bank deposits, time deposits, and available-for-sale debt securities. Customer balances deposited with our partners on a short-term basis in advance of customer transactions and used to fulfill our direct obligation under amounts due to customers are classified as cash and cash equivalents within our customer accounts classification on our consolidated balance sheets. See “Note 8—Funds Receivable and Customer Accounts and Investments” for additional information related to customer accounts.
We present changes in funds receivable and customer accounts as cash flows from investing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows based on the nature of the activity underlying our customer accounts.
Funds receivable and funds payable Funds receivable and funds payableFunds receivable and funds payable arise due to the time required to initiate collection from and clear transactions through external payment networks. When customers fund their PayPal account using their bank account, credit card, debit card, or withdraw funds from their PayPal account to their bank account or through a debit card transaction, there is a clearing period before the cash is received or settled, usually one to three business days for U.S. transactions and generally up to five business days for international transactions. In addition, a portion of our customers’ funds are settled directly to their bank account. These funds are also classified as funds receivable and funds payable and arise due to the time required to initiate collection from and clear transactions through external payment networks.
Property and equipment
Property and equipment

Property and equipment consists primarily of computer equipment, software and website development costs, land and buildings, leasehold improvements, and furniture and fixtures. Property and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets; generally, one to four years for computer equipment and software, including capitalized software and website development costs, three years for furniture and fixtures, up to 30 years for buildings and building improvements, and the shorter of five years or the non-cancelable term of the lease for leasehold improvements.

Direct costs incurred to develop software for internal use and website development costs, including those costs incurred in expanding and enhancing our payments platform, are capitalized and amortized generally over an estimated useful life of three years and are recorded as amortization within the financial statement captions aligned with the internal organizations that are the primary beneficiaries of such assets. We capitalized $511 million and $462 million of internally developed software and website development costs for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense for these capitalized costs was $426 million, $366 million, and $322 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Costs related to the maintenance of internal use software and website development costs are expensed as incurred.
Leases
Leases

We determine whether an arrangement is a lease for accounting purposes at contract inception. Operating leases are recorded as right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, which are included in other assets, and lease liabilities, which are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and deferred tax liability and other long-term liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. For sale-leaseback transactions, we evaluate the sale and the lease arrangement based on our conclusion as to whether control of the underlying asset has been transferred, and recognize the sale-leaseback as either a sale transaction or under the financing method. The financing method requires the asset to remain on our consolidated balance sheets throughout the term of the lease and the proceeds to be recognized as a financing obligation.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Our leases do not provide an implicit rate and therefore we use an incremental borrowing rate for specific terms on a collateralized basis using information available on the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The ROU asset calculation includes lease payments to be made and excludes lease incentives. The ROU asset and lease liability may include amounts attributed to options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain we will exercise that option. When we reach a decision to exercise a lease renewal or termination option, we recognize the associated impact to the ROU asset and lease liability. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We evaluate ROU assets related to leases for indicators of impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an ROU asset may not be recoverable. When a decision has been made to exit a lease prior to the contractual term or to sublease that space, we evaluate the asset for impairment and recognize the associated impact to the ROU asset and related expense, if applicable. The evaluation is performed at the asset group level initially and when appropriate, at the lowest level of identifiable cash flows, which is at the individual lease level. Undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the related ROU assets are estimated over the ROU assets’ useful lives. If the evaluation indicates that the carrying amount of the ROU assets may not be recoverable, any potential impairment is measured based upon the fair value of the related ROU asset or asset group as determined by appropriate valuation techniques.
We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components. We have elected to apply the practical expedient and account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for all leases, where applicable. In addition, we have elected to apply the practical expedients related to lease classification, hindsight, and land easement. We apply a single portfolio approach to account for the ROU assets and lease liabilities.
Goodwill and intangible assets and impairment of long-lived assets
Goodwill and intangible assets

Goodwill is tested for impairment, at a minimum, on an annual basis at the reporting unit level by first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the reporting unit does not pass the qualitative assessment, then the reporting unit’s carrying value is compared to its fair value. Goodwill is considered impaired if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value. The fair value of the reporting unit may be estimated using income and market approaches. The discounted cash flow method, a form of the income approach, uses expected future operating results and a market participant discount rate. The market approach uses comparable company prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions (either publicly traded entities or mergers and acquisitions) to develop pricing metrics to be applied to historical and expected future operating results of the reporting unit. Failure to achieve these expected results, changes in the discount rate, or market pricing metrics may cause a future impairment of goodwill at the reporting unit level. We conducted our annual impairment test of goodwill as of August 31, 2022 and 2021. We determined that no adjustment to the carrying value of goodwill of our reporting unit was required. As of December 31, 2022, we determined that no events occurred, or circumstances changed from August 31, 2022 through December 31, 2022 that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount.

Intangible assets consist of acquired customer list and user base intangible assets, marketing related intangibles, developed technology, and other intangible assets. Intangible assets are amortized over the period of estimated benefit using the straight-line method and estimated useful lives ranging from two to seven years. No significant residual value is estimated for intangible assets.

Impairment of long-lived assets

We evaluate long-lived assets (including intangible assets) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. An asset is considered impaired if its carrying amount exceeds the future undiscounted cash flow the asset is expected to generate.
Allowance for transaction losses and negative customer balances
Allowance for transaction losses

We are exposed to transaction losses due to credit card and other payment misuse as well as nonperformance from sellers who accept payments through PayPal. We establish an allowance for estimated losses arising from completing customer transactions, such as chargebacks for unauthorized credit card use and merchant-related chargebacks due to non-delivery or unsatisfactory delivery of purchased items, purchase protection program claims, and account takeovers. This allowance represents an accumulation of the estimated amounts of probable transaction losses as of the reporting date, including those which we have not yet identified. The allowance is monitored regularly and is updated based on actual loss data. The allowance is based on known facts and circumstances, internal factors including experience with similar cases, historical trends involving loss payment patterns, and the mix of transaction and loss types, as applicable. Additions to the allowance are reflected as a component of transaction and credit losses on our consolidated statements of income (loss). The allowance for transaction losses is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.
Allowance for negative customer balancesNegative customer balances occur primarily when there are insufficient funds in a customer’s PayPal account to cover charges applied for Automated Clearing House returns, debit card transactions, and merchant-related chargebacks due to non-delivery or unsatisfactory delivery of purchased items, which are generally within the scope of our protection programs. Negative customer balances can be cured by the customer by adding funds to their account, receiving payments, or through back-up funding sources. We also utilize third-party collection agencies. For negative customer balances that are not expected to be cured or otherwise collected, we provide an allowance for expected losses. The allowance represents expected losses based on historical trends involving collection and write-off patterns, internal factors including our experience with similar cases, other known facts and circumstances, and reasonable and supportable macroeconomic forecasts, as applicable. Loss rates are derived using historical loss data for each delinquency bucket using a roll rate model that captures the losses and the likelihood that a negative customer balance will be written off as the delinquency age of such balance increases. The loss rates are then applied to the outstanding negative customer balances. Once the quantitative calculation is performed, we review the adequacy of the allowance and determine if qualitative adjustments need to be considered. We write-off negative customer balances in the month in which the balance becomes outstanding for 120 days. Write-offs that are recovered are recorded as a reduction to our allowance for negative customer balances. Negative customer balances are included in other current assets, net of the allowance on our consolidated balance sheets. Adjustments to the allowance for negative customer balances are recorded as a component of transaction and credit losses on our consolidated statements of income (loss).
Fair value of financial instruments
Fair value measurements

We measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis and certain financial and non-financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis when a change in fair value or impairment is evidenced. Fair value is defined as the price received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Fair value is estimated by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs. The categorization within the following three-level fair value hierarchy for our recurring and non-recurring fair value measurements is based upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:
Level 1 - Observable inputs, such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be market-corroborated.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that cannot be directly corroborated by observable market data and that typically reflect management’s estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
See “Note 9—Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities” for additional information related to our fair value measurements.
Concentrations of risk Concentrations of riskOur cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, loans and interest receivable, net, funds receivable and customer accounts, long-term investments, and long-term notes receivable, are potentially subject to concentration of credit risk. Cash, cash equivalents, and customer accounts are placed with financial institutions that management believes are of high credit quality. In addition, funds receivable are generated primarily with financial institutions which management believes are of high credit quality. We invest our cash, cash equivalents, and customer accounts primarily in highly liquid, highly rated instruments which are uninsured. We have corporate deposit balances with financial services institutions which exceed the FDIC insurance limit of $250,000. As part of our cash management process, we perform periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions. Our accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned from customers located in the U.S. and internationally. Our loans and interest receivable are derived from merchant and consumer financing activities for customers located in the U.S. and internationally.
Advertising expense Advertising expenseWe expense the cost of producing advertisements at the time production occurs and expense the cost of communicating advertisements in the period during which the advertising space or airtime is used as sales and marketing expense. Online advertising expenses are recognized based on the terms of the individual agreements, which are generally over the greater of the ratio of the number of impressions delivered over the total number of contracted impressions, on a pay-per-click basis, or on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract.
Defined contribution savings plans
Defined contribution savings plans

We have a defined contribution savings plan in the U.S. which qualifies under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (“Code”). Our non-U.S. employees are covered by other savings plans. Expenses related to our defined contribution savings plans are recorded when services are rendered by our employees.
Stock-based compensation
Stock-based compensation

We determine compensation expense associated with restricted stock units, performance based restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards based on the estimated fair value of our common stock on the date of grant. We determine compensation expense associated with stock options based on the estimated grant date fair value method using the Black-Scholes valuation model. We generally recognize compensation expense using a straight-line amortization method over the respective vesting period for awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Accordingly, stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. When estimating forfeitures, we consider voluntary termination behavior of our employees as well as trends of actual forfeitures.
Foreign currency
Foreign currency

Many of our foreign subsidiaries have designated the local currency of their respective countries as their functional currency. Assets and liabilities of our non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet dates. Revenues and expenses of our non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using daily exchange rates. Gains and losses resulting from these translations are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”). Gains and losses from the remeasurement of foreign currency transactions into the functional currency are recognized as other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of income (loss).
Income taxes
Income taxes

We account for income taxes using an asset and liability approach which requires the recognition of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the financial statements or tax returns. The measurement of current and deferred tax assets and liabilities is based on provisions of enacted tax laws; the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated. If necessary, the measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced by the amount of any tax benefits that are not expected to be realized based on available evidence. We report a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. We recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. We account for Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income as a current-period expense when incurred.
Other income (expense), net Other income (expense), netOther income (expense), net includes: (i) interest income, which consists of interest earned on corporate cash and cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments, (ii) interest expense, which consists of interest expense, fees, and amortization of debt discount on our long-term debt (including current portion) and credit facilities, (iii) realized and unrealized gains (losses) on strategic investments, which includes changes in fair value related to our marketable equity securities and observable price changes and impairments on our non-marketable equity securities, and (iv) other, which primarily includes foreign currency exchange gains and losses due to remeasurement of certain foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities, and fair value changes on the derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments.
Recent accounting guidance
Recent accounting guidance

In March 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2022-02, Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”) and Vintage Disclosures (Topic 326): Financial Instruments – Credit Losses. This amended guidance will eliminate the accounting designation of a loan modification as a TDR, including eliminating the measurement guidance for TDRs. The amendments also enhance existing disclosure requirements and introduce new requirements related to modifications of receivables due from borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Additionally, this guidance requires entities to disclose gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables, such as loans and interest receivable. The amended guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 and is required to be applied prospectively, except for the recognition and measurement of TDRs, which can be applied on a modified retrospective basis. We have concluded that our financial statements were not materially impacted upon adoption. We adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2023 on a prospective basis and will provide additional disclosures as required.
Recently adopted accounting guidance

In March 2022, the SEC released Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 121 (“SAB 121”), which provides guidance for an entity to consider when it has obligations to safeguard customers’ crypto assets, whether directly or through an agent or another third party acting on its behalf. The interpretive guidance requires a reporting entity to record a liability to reflect its obligation to safeguard the crypto assets held for its platform users with a corresponding safeguarding asset. The crypto asset safeguarding liability and the corresponding safeguarding asset will be measured at the fair value of the crypto assets held for the platform users with the measurement of the safeguarding asset taking into account any potential loss events. SAB 121 also requires disclosures related to the entity’s safeguarding obligations for crypto assets held for its platform users. SAB 121 was effective in the first interim or annual financial statements ending after June 15, 2022 with retrospective application as of the beginning of the fiscal year. We adopted this guidance for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 with retrospective application as of January 1, 2022. As of June 30, 2022, we recorded $596 million for both the crypto asset safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset, which were classified as accrued expenses and other current liabilities and prepaid expenses and other current assets, respectively, on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. For additional information, see “Note 7—Other Financial Statement Details.”

There are other new accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB that we have adopted or will adopt, as applicable. We do not believe any of these new accounting pronouncements have had, or will have, a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or disclosures.
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Schedule of reclassifications
The following tables present the effects of the changes on the presentation of these cash flows to the previously reported consolidated statements of cash flows:
Year Ended December 31, 2021
(In millions)
As Previously Reported (1)
AdjustmentsReclassified
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities(2)
$6,340 $(543)$5,797 
Investing activities(3)
(5,485)336 (5,149)
Financing activities(4)
(764)207 (557)
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(102)— (102)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$(11)$— $(11)
(1) As reported in our 2021 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 3, 2022.
(2) Financial statement lines impacted in operating activities were “Other current assets and non-current assets” and “Other current liabilities and non-current liabilities,” which decreased by $336 million and $207 million, respectively, to arrive at the reclassified amounts.
(3) Financial statement line impacted in investing activities was “Collateral posted related to derivative instruments, net.”
(4) Financial statement line impacted in financing activities was “Collateral received related to derivative instruments, net.”
Year Ended December 31, 2020
(In millions)
As Previously Reported (1)
AdjustmentsReclassified
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities(2)
$5,854 $365 $6,219 
Investing activities(3)
(16,218)(327)(16,545)
Financing activities(4)
12,492 (38)12,454 
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash169 — 169 
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$2,297 $— $2,297 
(1) As reported in our 2021 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 3, 2022.
(2) Financial statement lines impacted in operating activities were “other current assets and non-current assets” and “other current liabilities and non-current liabilities,” which increased by $327 million and $38 million, respectively, to arrive at the reclassified amounts.
(3) Financial statement line impacted in investing activities was “Collateral posted related to derivative instruments, net.”
(4) Financial statement line impacted in financing activities was “Collateral received related to derivative instruments, net.”
v3.22.4
REVENUE (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Schedule of disaggregation of revenue
The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by primary geographical market and category:
 Year Ended December 31,
 2022  20212020
(In millions)
Primary geographical markets
U.S.$15,807 $13,712 $11,013 
United Kingdom (“U.K.”)2,071 2,340 2,340 
Other countries(1)
9,640 9,319 8,101 
Total net revenues(2)
$27,518 $25,371 $21,454 
Revenue category
Transaction revenues$25,206 $23,402 $19,918 
Revenues from other value added services2,312 1,969 1,536 
Total net revenues(2)
$27,518 $25,371 $21,454 
(1) No single country included in the other countries category generated more than 10% of total revenue.
(2) Total net revenues include $1.3 billion, $425 million, and $597 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, which do not represent revenues recognized in the scope of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from contracts with customers. Such revenues relate to interest and fees earned on loans and interest receivable, as well as hedging gains or losses, and interest earned on certain assets underlying customer balances.
v3.22.4
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Schedule of earnings per share, basic and diluted
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for the periods indicated:
 Year Ended December 31,
20222021  2020
(In millions, except per share amounts)
Numerator:
Net income (loss)$2,419 $4,169 $4,202 
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of common stockbasic
1,154 1,174 1,173 
Dilutive effect of equity incentive awards12 14 
Weighted average shares of common stockdiluted
1,158 1,186 1,187 
Net income (loss) per share:
Basic$2.10 $3.55 $3.58 
Diluted$2.09 $3.52 $3.54 
Common stock equivalents excluded from net income (loss) per diluted share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive or potentially dilutive13 
v3.22.4
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]  
Schedule of allocation of purchase consideration to fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed
The following table summarizes the final allocation of the purchase consideration to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
(In millions)
Goodwill$1,897 
Customer lists and user base512 
Marketing related83 
Developed technology47 
Total intangibles$642 
Loans and interest receivable, net197 
Cash and cash equivalents102 
Other net assets87 
Short-term and long-term debt(188)
Deferred tax liabilities, net(166)
Total purchase price$2,571 
The following table summarizes the final allocation of the purchase consideration to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
(In millions)
Goodwill$2,962 
Customer lists and user base115 
Marketing related30 
Developed technology572 
Total intangibles$717 
Accounts receivable, net50 
Deferred tax liabilities, net(58)
Other net liabilities(36)
Total purchase price$3,635 
v3.22.4
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of goodwill balances and adjustments
The following table presents goodwill balances and adjustments to those balances during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
December 31, 2020Goodwill
Acquired
AdjustmentsDecember 31, 2021Goodwill
Acquired
AdjustmentsDecember 31, 2022
 (In millions)
Total goodwill$9,135 2,355 (36)$11,454 — (245)$11,209 
Schedule of components of identifiable intangible assets
The components of identifiable intangible assets were as follows:
 December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
 Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Weighted
Average
Useful
Life
(Years)
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Weighted
Average
Useful
Life
(Years)
 (In millions, except years)
Intangible assets:
Customer lists and user base$1,664 $(1,092)$572 7$1,726 $(919)$807 7
Marketing related395 (339)56 5405 (315)90 5
Developed technology1,099 (1,048)51 31,109 (822)287 3
All other438 (329)109 7454 (306)148 7
Intangible assets, net$3,596 $(2,808)$788 $3,694 $(2,362)$1,332 
Schedule of expected future intangible asset amortization
Expected future intangible asset amortization as of December 31, 2022 was as follows:
Fiscal years:(In millions)
2023$214 
2024196 
2025160 
2026103 
202765 
Thereafter50 
$788 
v3.22.4
LEASES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]  
Schedule of components of lease expense, supplemental cash and noncash and balance sheet information
The components of lease expense were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202220212020
(In millions)
Lease expense
Operating lease expense$171 $170 $166 
Sublease income(8)(8)(6)
Lease expense, net $163 $162 $160 

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:

Year Ended December 31,
202220212020
(In millions)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases$172 $167 $159 
ROU lease assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
$131 $124 $345 
Other non-cash ROU lease asset activity$(52)$(21)$(23)


Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:
As of December 31,
20222021
(In millions, except weighted-average figures)
Operating ROU lease assets$574 $659 
Current operating lease liabilities151 142 
Operating lease liabilities569 620 
Total operating lease liabilities$720 $762 
Weighted-average remaining lease termoperating leases
5.7 years6.1 years
Weighted-average discount rateoperating leases
%%
Schedule of future minimum lease payments for operating leases
Future minimum lease payments for our operating leases as of December 31, 2022 were as follows:
Operating Leases
Fiscal years:(In millions)
2023$169 
2024155 
2025114 
2026103 
202790 
Thereafter147 
Total$778 
Less: present value discount(58)
Lease liability$720 
v3.22.4
OTHER FINANCIAL STATEMENT DETAILS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]  
Schedule of crypto asset safeguarding asset and liability The following table summarizes the significant crypto assets we hold for the benefit of our customers and the crypto asset safeguarding liability and corresponding safeguarding asset as of December 31, 2022 (in millions):
Bitcoin$291 
Ethereum250 
Other 63 
Crypto asset safeguarding liability$604 
Crypto asset safeguarding asset$604 
Schedule of property and equipment, net
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
 As of December 31,
20222021
(In millions)
Property and equipment, net:
Computer equipment and software$3,380 $3,298 
Internal use software and website development costs3,814 3,301 
Land and buildings388 380 
Leasehold improvements364 379 
Furniture and fixtures141 146 
Development in progress and other25 86 
Total property and equipment, gross8,112 7,590 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(6,382)(5,681)
Total property and equipment, net$1,730 $1,909 
Schedule of long-lived assets, by geographical areas
The following table summarizes long-lived assets based on geography, which consist of property and equipment, net and operating lease ROU assets:
 As of December 31,
 20222021
 (In millions)
Long-lived assets:
U.S.$1,910 $2,050 
Other countries394 518 
Total long-lived assets$2,304 $2,568 
Schedule of changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2022:
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow HedgesUnrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment (CTA”)
Net Investment
Hedges CTA Gains (Losses)
Estimated Tax
(Expense) Benefit
Total
 (In millions)
Beginning balance$199 $(87)$(270)$24 $(2)$(136)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications374 (499)(305)(25)130 (325)
Less: Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI462 — — — 467 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)(88)(504)(305)(25)130 (792)
Ending balance$111 $(591)$(575)$(1)$128 $(928)

The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2021:
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
Foreign
CTA
Net Investment
Hedges CTA Gains (Losses)
Estimated Tax
(Expense) Benefit
Total
(In millions)
Beginning balance $(323)$11 $(198)$24 $$(484)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications332 (98)(72)— (4)158 
Less: Amount of loss reclassified from AOCI(190)— — — — (190)
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)522 (98)(72)— (4)348 
Ending balance $199 $(87)$(270)$24 $(2)$(136)
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2020:
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments
Foreign
CTA
Net Investment
Hedges CTA Gains (Losses)
Estimated Tax (Expense)
Benefit
Total
(In millions)
Beginning balance $$$(150)$(31)$— $(173)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(309)(48)55 (291)
Less: Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI20 — — — — 20 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)(329)(48)55 (311)
Ending balance $(323)$11 $(198)$24 $$(484)
Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income
The following table provides details about reclassifications out of AOCI for the periods presented below:
Details about AOCI Components 
Amount of Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCI
Affected Line Item in the Statements of Income (Loss)
Year Ended December 31,
202220212020
(In millions)
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedgesforeign currency exchange contracts
$462 $(190)$20 Net revenues
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments— — Other income (expense), net
467 (190)20 Income before income taxes
— — — Income tax expense (benefit)
Total reclassifications for the period$467 $(190)$20 Net income (loss)
Schedule of other income (expense), net
The following table reconciles the components of other income (expense), net for the periods presented below:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
(In millions)
Interest income$174 $57 $88 
Interest expense(304)(232)(209)
Net gains (losses) on strategic investments(304)46 1,914 
Other(37)(34)(17)
Other income (expense), net$(471)$(163)$1,776 
v3.22.4
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Schedule of assets underlying funds receivable and customer accounts, short-term and long-term investments
The following table summarizes the assets underlying our funds receivable and customer accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
 December 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts:
Cash and cash equivalents$11,363 $12,723 
Time deposits95 334 
Available-for-sale debt securities17,349 18,336 
Funds receivable7,550 4,748 
Total funds receivable and customer accounts$36,357 $36,141 
Short-term investments:
Time deposits$482 $590 
Available-for-sale debt securities2,593 3,604 
Restricted cash17 109 
Total short-term investments$3,092 $4,303 
Long-term investments:
Time deposits$55 $45 
Available-for-sale debt securities2,817 3,545 
Strategic investments2,146 3,207 
Total long-term investments$5,018 $6,797 
Schedule of estimated fair value of available-for-sale debt securities
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the estimated fair value of our available-for-sale debt securities included within funds receivable and customer accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments was as follows:
 
December 31, 2022(1)
 Gross
Amortized
Cost
  Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts:
U.S. government and agency securities$8,736 $— $(252)$8,484 
Foreign government and agency securities1,479 — (44)1,435 
Corporate debt securities1,637 — (82)1,555 
Asset-backed securities1,324 — (26)1,298 
Municipal securities410 — (3)407 
Commercial paper3,702 (14)3,689 
Short-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities815 — (3)812 
Foreign government and agency securities435 — (11)424 
Corporate debt securities641 — (14)627 
Asset-backed securities415 — (9)406 
Commercial paper324 — — 324 
Long-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities493 — (36)457 
Foreign government and agency securities386 — (22)364 
Corporate debt securities987 — (58)929 
Asset-backed securities1,085 — (18)1,067 
Total available-for-sale debt securities(2)
$22,869 $$(592)$22,278 
(1) “—” Denotes gross unrealized gain or unrealized loss of less than $1 million in a given position.
(2) Excludes foreign currency denominated available-for-sale debt securities accounted for under the fair value option. Refer to “Note 9Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities.”
 
December 31, 2021(1)
 Gross
Amortized
Cost
  Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts:
U.S. government and agency securities$8,754 $— $(31)$8,723 
Foreign government and agency securities1,849 — (9)1,840 
Corporate debt securities3,377 — (15)3,362 
Asset-backed securities1,552 — (3)1,549 
Municipal securities535 — — 535 
Short-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities537 — — 537 
Foreign government and agency securities493 — (1)492 
Corporate debt securities2,285 — — 2,285 
Asset-backed securities278 — (1)277 
Long-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities568 — (6)562 
Foreign government and agency securities742 — (6)736 
Corporate debt securities1,445 — (11)1,434 
Asset-backed securities817 — (4)813 
Total available-for-sale debt securities(2)
$23,232 $— $(87)$23,145 
(1) “—” Denotes gross unrealized gain or unrealized loss of less than $1 million in a given position.
(2) Excludes foreign currency denominated available-for-sale debt securities accounted for under the fair value option. Refer to “Note 9Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities.”
Schedule of gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of available-for-sale debt securities in a continuous loss position
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of our available-for-sale debt securities included within funds receivable and customer accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments for which an allowance for credit losses was not deemed necessary in the current period, aggregated by the length of time those individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, was as follows:
 
December 31, 2022(1)
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
 Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts:
U.S. government and agency securities$3,730 $(89)$4,246 $(163)$7,976 $(252)
Foreign government and agency securities410 (11)997 (34)1,407 (45)
Corporate debt securities(1)1,545 (81)1,554 (82)
Asset-backed securities773 (11)508 (14)1,281 (25)
Municipal securities264 (3)50 — 314 (3)
Commercial paper3,079 (14)— — 3,079 (14)
Short-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities345 — 73 (3)418 (3)
Foreign government and agency securities61 — 362 (11)423 (11)
Corporate debt securities97 (2)465 (12)562 (14)
Asset-backed securities175 (2)217 (7)392 (9)
Commercial paper224 — — — 224 — 
Long-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities— — 457 (36)457 (36)
Foreign government and agency securities31 (2)333 (20)364 (22)
Corporate debt securities85 (6)834 (52)919 (58)
Asset-backed securities872 (9)195 (9)1,067 (18)
Total available-for-sale debt securities$10,155 $(150)$10,282 $(442)$20,437 $(592)
(1) “—” Denotes gross unrealized loss or fair value of less than $1 million in a given position.
 
December 31, 2021(1)
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
 Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts:
U.S. government and agency securities$8,224 $(31)$— $— $8,224 $(31)
Foreign government and agency securities1,703 (9)20 — 1,723 (9)
Corporate debt securities1,816 (15)— — 1,816 (15)
Asset-backed securities1,302 (3)— — 1,302 (3)
Municipal securities50 — — — 50 — 
Short-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities440 — — — 440 — 
Foreign government and agency securities485 (1)— — 485 (1)
Corporate debt securities336 — — — 336 — 
Asset-backed securities273 (1)— — 273 (1)
Long-term investments:
U.S. government and agency securities562 (6)— — 562 (6)
Foreign government and agency securities736 (6)— — 736 (6)
Corporate debt securities1,355 (11)— — 1,355 (11)
Asset-backed securities707 (4)— — 707 (4)
Total available-for-sale debt securities$17,989 $(87)$20 $— $18,009 $(87)
(1) “—” Denotes gross unrealized loss or fair value of less than $1 million in a given position.
The estimated fair values of investments classified as available for sale included within funds receivable, customer accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments by date of contractual maturity
Our available-for-sale debt securities included within funds receivable and customer accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments classified by date of contractual maturity were as follows:
 December 31, 2022
Amortized CostFair Value
(In millions)
One year or less $11,591 $11,470 
After one year through five years9,232 8,790 
After five years through ten years1,968 1,941 
After ten years78 77 
Total$22,869 $22,278 
Schedule of adjustments to the carrying value of equity investments and summary of cumulative gross unrealized gains and cumulative gross unrealized losses and impairment related to non-marketable equity securities accounted for under the Measurement Alternative
The adjustments to the carrying value of our non-marketable equity securities accounted for under the Measurement Alternative in the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
 20222021
(In millions)
Carrying amount, beginning of period$1,268 $779 
Adjustments related to non-marketable equity securities:
Net additions(1)
100 133 
Gross unrealized gains423 356 
Gross unrealized losses and impairments(104)— 
Carrying amount, end of period$1,687 $1,268 
(1) Net additions include purchases, reductions due to sales of securities, and reclassifications when Measurement Alternative is subsequently elected or no longer applies.

The following table summarizes the cumulative gross unrealized gains and cumulative gross unrealized losses and impairment related to non-marketable equity securities accounted for under the Measurement Alternative, held at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

December 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
(In millions)
Cumulative gross unrealized gains $1,137 $733 
Cumulative gross unrealized losses and impairments$(131)$(27)
Schedule of unrealized gains (losses) on strategic investments, excluding those accounted for using the equity method
The following table summarizes the net unrealized gains (losses) on marketable and non-marketable equity securities, excluding those accounted for using the equity method, held at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

 Year Ended December 31,
 20222021
(In millions)
Net unrealized gains (losses)$79 $(46)
v3.22.4
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Summary of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
The following tables summarize our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:     
December 31, 2022
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
(In millions)
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents(1)
$932 $— $932 
Short-term investments(2):
U.S. government and agency securities812 — 812 
Foreign government and agency securities424 — 424 
Corporate debt securities627 — 627 
Asset-backed securities406 — 406 
Commercial paper324 — 324 
Total short-term investments2,593 — 2,593 
Funds receivable and customer accounts(3):
Cash and cash equivalents192 — 192 
U.S. government and agency securities8,484 — 8,484 
Foreign government and agency securities1,777 — 1,777 
        Corporate debt securities1,694 — 1,694 
Asset-backed securities1,298 — 1,298 
Municipal securities407 — 407 
Commercial paper3,689 — 3,689 
Total funds receivable and customer accounts17,541 — 17,541 
Derivatives244 — 244 
Crypto asset safeguarding asset604 — 604 
Long-term investments(2),(4):
U.S. government and agency securities457 — 457 
Foreign government and agency securities364 — 364 
Corporate debt securities929 — 929 
Asset-backed securities1,067 — 1,067 
Marketable equity securities323 323 — 
Total long-term investments3,140 323 2,817 
Total financial assets$25,054 $323 $24,731 
Liabilities:
Derivatives$298 $— $298 
Crypto asset safeguarding liability604 — 604 
Total financial liabilities$902 $— $902 
(1) Excludes cash of $6.8 billion not measured and recorded at fair value.
(2) Excludes restricted cash of $17 million and time deposits of $537 million not measured and recorded at fair value.
(3) Excludes cash, time deposits, and funds receivable of $18.8 billion underlying funds receivable and customer accounts not measured and recorded at fair value.
(4) Excludes non-marketable equity securities of $1.8 billion measured using the Measurement Alternative or equity method accounting.
December 31, 2021
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
(In millions)
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents(1)
$400 $— $400 
Short-term investments(2):
U.S. government and agency securities537 — 537 
Foreign government and agency securities505 — 505 
Corporate debt securities2,285 — 2,285 
Asset-backed securities277 — 277 
Total short-term investments3,604 — 3,604 
Funds receivable and customer accounts(3):
— 
Cash and cash equivalents622 — 622 
U.S. government and agency securities8,723 — 8,723 
Foreign government and agency securities4,090 — 4,090 
Corporate debt securities3,439 — 3,439 
Asset-backed securities1,549 — 1,549 
Municipal securities535 — 535 
Total funds receivable and customer accounts18,958 — 18,958 
Derivatives304 — 304 
Long-term investments(2), (4):
U.S. government and agency securities562 — 562 
Foreign government and agency securities736 — 736 
Corporate debt securities1,434 — 1,434 
Asset-backed securities813 — 813 
Marketable equity securities1,860 1,860 — 
Total long-term investments5,405 1,860 3,545 
Total financial assets$28,671 $1,860 $26,811 
Liabilities:
Derivatives$130 $— $130 
(1) Excludes cash of $4.8 billion not measured and recorded at fair value.
(2) Excludes restricted cash of $109 million and time deposits of $635 million not measured and recorded at fair value.
(3) Excludes cash, time deposits, and funds receivable of $17.2 billion underlying funds receivable and customer accounts not measured and recorded at fair value.
(4) Excludes non-marketable equity securities of $1.3 billion measured using the Measurement Alternative or equity method accounting.
Summary of investments under the fair value option The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of our available-for-sale debt securities under the fair value option as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts$481 $2,327 
Short-term investments$— $13 
The following table summarizes the gains (losses) from fair value changes recognized in other income (expense), net related to the available-for-sale debt securities under the fair value option for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
Year Ended December 31,
 20222021
(In millions)
Funds receivable and customer accounts$(149)$(101)
Short-term investments$— $(30)
Summary of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis
The following tables summarize our assets held as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 for which a non-recurring fair value measurement was recorded during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

December 31, 2022Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
(In millions)
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the Measurement Alternative(1)
$987 $589 $398 
Other assets(2)
165 165 — 
Total$1,152 $754 $398 
(1) Excludes non-marketable equity securities of $700 million accounted for under the Measurement Alternative for which no observable price changes occurred during the year ended December 31, 2022.
(2) Consists of ROU lease assets recorded at fair value pursuant to impairment charges that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2022. See “Note 6—Leases” for additional information.

December 31, 2021Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
(In millions)
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the Measurement Alternative(1)
$611 $611 
Other assets(2)
86 86 
Total$697 $697 
(1) Excludes non-marketable equity securities of $657 million accounted for under the Measurement Alternative for which no observable price changes occurred during the year ended December 31, 2021.
(2) Consists of ROU lease assets recorded at fair value pursuant to impairment charges that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2021. See “Note 6—Leases” for additional information.
v3.22.4
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of fair value of outstanding derivative instruments
The fair value of our outstanding derivative instruments as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was as follows:
 Balance Sheet LocationAs of December 31,
20222021
Derivative Assets:(In millions)
Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instrumentsOther current assets$167 $205 
Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instrumentsOther assets (non-current)15 21 
Foreign currency exchange contracts not designated as hedging instrumentsOther current assets62 78 
Total derivative assets$244 $304 
Derivative Liabilities:
Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instrumentsOther current liabilities$68 $27 
Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instrumentsOther long-term liabilities133 — 
Foreign currency exchange contracts not designated as hedging instrumentsOther current liabilities97 103 
Total derivative liabilities$298 $130 
Schedule of offsetting assets The following table provides the collateral exchanged posted and received:
 December 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
(In millions)
Cash collateral posted(1)
$24 $
Cash collateral received(2)
$203 $209 
(1) Right to reclaim cash collateral related to our derivative liabilities recognized in other current assets on our consolidated balance sheets.
(2) Obligation to return counterparty cash collateral related to our derivative assets recognized in other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.
Schedule of offsetting liabilities The following table provides the collateral exchanged posted and received:
 December 31,
2022
December 31,
2021
(In millions)
Cash collateral posted(1)
$24 $
Cash collateral received(2)
$203 $209 
(1) Right to reclaim cash collateral related to our derivative liabilities recognized in other current assets on our consolidated balance sheets.
(2) Obligation to return counterparty cash collateral related to our derivative assets recognized in other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.
Schedule of recognized gains or losses related to derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments
The following table provides the location in the consolidated statements of income (loss) and amount of recognized gains or losses related to our derivative instruments:

Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
(In millions)
Net revenuesOther income (expense), netNet revenuesOther income (expense), netNet revenuesOther income (expense), net
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) in which the effects of derivatives are recorded$27,518 $(471)$25,371 $(163)$21,454 $1,776 
Gains (losses) on derivatives in cash flow hedging relationship:
Amount of gains (losses) on foreign exchange contracts reclassified from AOCI462 — (190)— 20 — 
Gains on derivatives in net investment hedging relationship:
Amount of gains on foreign exchange contracts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness
— 84 — — — — 
Gains (losses) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Amount of gains (losses) on foreign exchange contracts — 118 — 144 — (110)
Amount of losses on equity derivative contracts (1)
— (174)— — — (64)
Total gains (losses)$462 $28 $(190)$144 $20 $(174)
(1) During the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2020, equity derivative contracts were entered into and matured which related to the sale of marketable equity securities related to a strategic investment. The cash flows associated with the equity derivative contracts were classified in cash flows from investing activities on our consolidated statements of cash flows.
The following table provides the amount of pre-tax unrealized gains or losses included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness related to our derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments that are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss):
Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
(In millions)
Unrealized gains (losses) on foreign exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges$374 $332 $(309)
Unrealized (losses) gains on foreign exchange contracts designated as net investment hedges(25)— 55 
Total unrealized gains (losses) recognized from derivative contracts designated as hedging instruments in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss)$349 $332 $(254)
Schedule of recognized gains or losses related to derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments
The following table provides the location in the consolidated statements of income (loss) and amount of recognized gains or losses related to our derivative instruments:

Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
(In millions)
Net revenuesOther income (expense), netNet revenuesOther income (expense), netNet revenuesOther income (expense), net
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) in which the effects of derivatives are recorded$27,518 $(471)$25,371 $(163)$21,454 $1,776 
Gains (losses) on derivatives in cash flow hedging relationship:
Amount of gains (losses) on foreign exchange contracts reclassified from AOCI462 — (190)— 20 — 
Gains on derivatives in net investment hedging relationship:
Amount of gains on foreign exchange contracts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness
— 84 — — — — 
Gains (losses) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Amount of gains (losses) on foreign exchange contracts — 118 — 144 — (110)
Amount of losses on equity derivative contracts (1)
— (174)— — — (64)
Total gains (losses)$462 $28 $(190)$144 $20 $(174)
(1) During the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2020, equity derivative contracts were entered into and matured which related to the sale of marketable equity securities related to a strategic investment. The cash flows associated with the equity derivative contracts were classified in cash flows from investing activities on our consolidated statements of cash flows.
Schedule of notional amounts of outstanding derivatives The following table provides the notional amounts of our outstanding derivatives:
Year Ended December 31,
20222021
(In millions)
Foreign exchange contracts designated as hedging instruments$7,149 $5,349 
Foreign exchange contracts not designated as hedging instruments11,840 20,414 
Total$18,989 $25,763 
v3.22.4
LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract]  
Schedule of delinquency status of the principal amount of consumer loans and interest receivable
The following tables present the delinquency status of consumer loans and interest receivable by year of origination. The amounts are based on the number of days past the billing date for revolving loans or contractual repayment date for installment loans. The “current” category represents balances that are within 29 days of the billing date or contractual repayment date, as applicable.

December 31, 2022
(In millions, except percentages)
Revolving Loans
Amortized Cost Basis
Installment Loans Amortized Cost Basis
20222021202020192018TotalPercent
Current$1,850 $3,726 $123 $— $— $— $5,699 97.1%
30 - 59 Days23 26 — — — 51 0.9%
60 - 89 Days 15 20 — — — 37 0.6%
90 - 179 Days 34 47 — — — 85 1.4%
Total(1)
$1,922 $3,819 $131 $— $— $— $5,872 100%
(1) Excludes receivables from other consumer credit products of $11 million at December 31, 2022.

December 31, 2021
(In millions, except percentages)
Revolving Loans
Amortized Cost Basis
Installment Loans Amortized Cost Basis
20212020201920182017TotalPercent
Current$1,790 $1,939 $$— $— $— $3,732 97.0%
30 - 59 Days18 16 — — — — 34 0.9%
60 - 89 Days 12 13 — — — — 25 0.6%
90 - 179 Days 27 28 — — — 56 1.5%
Total(1)
$1,847 $1,996 $$— $— $— $3,847 100%
(1) Excludes receivables from other consumer credit products of $44 million at December 31, 2021.
The following tables present the delinquency status of merchant loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable by year of origination. The amounts are based on the number of days past the expected or contractual repayment date for amounts outstanding. The “current” category represents balances that are within 29 days of the expected repayment date or contractual repayment date, as applicable.

December 31, 2022
(In millions, except percentages)
20222021202020192018TotalPercent
Current$1,826 $20 $57 $42 $$1,947 90.7%
30 - 59 Days63 — 77 3.6%
60 - 89 Days 34 — 44 2.0%
90 - 179 Days 55 — 70 3.3%
180+ Days— 0.4%
Total(1)
$1,979 $42 $69 $54 $$2,146 100%

December 31, 2021
(In millions, except percentages)
20212020201920182017TotalPercent
Current$1,100 $129 $95 $$— $1,327 91.8%
30 - 59 Days24 12 12 — 49 3.4%
60 - 89 Days 10 — — 25 1.7%
90 - 179 Days 10 11 11 — 33 2.3%
180+ Days— — 12 0.8%
Total(1)
$1,144 $164 $132 $$— $1,446 100%
(1) Balances include the impact of modification programs offered by the Company as a part of our novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic payment relief initiatives (as discussed further below).
Schedule of allowance for loans and interest receivable
The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for consumer loans and interest receivable for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Consumer Loans ReceivableInterest Receivable
Total Allowance(1)
  Consumer Loans ReceivableInterest Receivable
Total Allowance(1)
(In millions)
Beginning balance$243 $43 $286 $299 $53 $352 
Provisions292 15 307 20 10 30 
Charge-offs(216)(29)(245)(116)(20)(136)
Recoveries21 — 21 28 — 28 
Other(2)
(18)(4)(22)12 — 12 
Ending balance$322 $25 $347 $243 $43 $286 
(1) Excludes allowances from other consumer credit products of $3 million and $4 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(2) Includes amounts related to foreign currency remeasurement and, for the year ended December 31, 2021, initial allowance for purchased credit deteriorated (“PCD”) loans acquired during the period. A portion of the Paidy loan portfolio acquired was determined to be purchase credit deteriorated as the loans were 30 days or more past due. As such, we recorded current expected credit losses on the PCD loans.
The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for merchant loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Merchant Loans and AdvancesInterest and Fees ReceivableTotal Allowance  Merchant Loans and AdvancesInterest and Fees ReceivableTotal Allowance
(In millions)
Beginning balance$192 $$201 $440 $43 $483 
Provisions109 18 127 (116)(22)(138)
Charge-offs(105)(9)(114)(173)(12)(185)
Recoveries34 — 34 41 — 41 
Ending balance$230 $18 $248 $192 $$201 
Loans modified as TDRs The following table shows merchant loans, advances and interest and fees receivables which were modified as TDRs in the year ended December 31, 2021:
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Number of Accounts
(in thousands)
Outstanding Balances(1)
(in millions)
Weighted Average Payment Term Extensions
(in months)
Loans and interest receivable$45 36
(1) Balances are as of modification date.
v3.22.4
DEBT (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of outstanding aggregate principal amount related to the notes The following table summarizes the Notes:
As of December 31,
MaturitiesEffective Interest Rate20222021
(in millions)
September 2019 debt issuance of $5.0 billion:
Fixed-rate 2.200% notes
9/26/20222.39%$— $1,000 
Fixed-rate 2.400% notes
10/1/20242.52%1,250 1,250 
Fixed-rate 2.650% notes
10/1/20262.78%1,250 1,250 
Fixed-rate 2.850% notes
10/1/20292.96%1,500 1,500 
May 2020 debt issuance of $4.0 billion:
Fixed-rate 1.350% notes
6/1/20231.55%418 1,000 
Fixed-rate 1.650% notes
6/1/20251.78%1,000 1,000 
Fixed-rate 2.300% notes
6/1/20302.39%1,000 1,000 
Fixed-rate 3.250% notes
6/1/20503.33%1,000 1,000 
May 2022 debt issuance of $3.0 billion:
Fixed-rate 3.900% notes
6/1/20274.06%500 — 
Fixed-rate 4.400% notes
6/1/20324.53%1,000 — 
Fixed-rate 5.050% notes
6/1/20525.14%1,000 — 
Fixed-rate 5.250% notes
6/1/20625.34%500 — 
Total term debt$10,418 $9,000 
Unamortized premium (discount) and issuance costs, net(74)(50)
Less: current portion of term debt(1)
(418)(999)
Total carrying amount of term debt$9,926 $7,951 
(1) The current portion of term debt is included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.
Schedule of future principal payments associated with long term debt
As of December 31, 2022, the future principal payments associated with our term debt were as follows (in millions):
2023$418 
20241,250 
20251,000 
20261,250 
2027500 
Thereafter6,000 
Total$10,418 
v3.22.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of allowance for transaction losses and negative customer balances related to protection programs The following table shows changes in the allowance for transaction losses and negative customer balances related to our protection programs for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
As of December 31,
20222021
(In millions)
Beginning balance$355 $414 
Provision1,170 1,153 
Realized losses(1,417)(1,331)
Recoveries170 119 
Ending balance$278 $355 
v3.22.4
STOCK-BASED AND EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Schedule of RSUs, PBRSUs, and restricted stock activity
The following table summarizes RSU, PBRSU, and restricted stock activity under the Plan and the Inducement Plan as of December 31, 2022 and changes during the year ended December 31, 2022:
UnitsWeighted Average Grant-Date
Fair Value
(per share)
 (In thousands, except per share amounts)
Outstanding at January 1, 202217,534 $172.55 
Awarded and assumed(1)
17,238 $105.20 
Vested(1)
(9,930)$145.75 
Forfeited/cancelled(2)
(5,254)$147.81 
Outstanding at December 31, 202219,588 $133.27 
Expected to vest17,507 
(1) Includes approximately 0.5 million of additional PBRSUs issued during 2022 due to the achievement of company performance metrics on awards granted in previous years.
(2) Includes approximately 1.0 million of PBRSUs cancelled during 2022 resulting from a change in the method of payout of the Company portion of our Annual Incentive Plan from equity to cash for certain employees.
Schedule of stock option activity
STOCK OPTION ACTIVITY
The following table summarizes stock option activity of our employees under the Plan for the year ended December 31, 2022:
SharesWeighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
 (In thousands, except per share amounts and years)
Outstanding at January 1, 2022339 $17.55 
Assumed$55.55 
Exercised(190)$20.62 
Forfeited/expired/cancelled(11)$13.66 
Outstanding at December 31, 2022141 $14.56 4.93$8,080 
Expected to vest24 $23.89 7.46$1,172 
Options exercisable117 $12.60 4.40$6,875 
Schedule of stock-based compensation expense
The impact on our results of operations of recording stock-based compensation expense under the Plan for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 was as follows:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
 (In millions)
Customer support and operations$269 $263 $250 
Sales and marketing151 175 172 
Technology and development512 515 529 
General and administrative383 468 460 
Total stock-based compensation expense$1,315 $1,421 $1,411 
Capitalized as part of internal use software and website development costs$52 $68 $48 
Income tax benefit recognized for stock-based compensation arrangements$209 $221 $226 
v3.22.4
INCOME TAXES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of components of income (loss) before income taxes
The components of income before income taxes are as follows:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
(In millions)
United States$(155)$290 $1,504 
International3,521 3,809 3,561 
Income before income taxes$3,366 $4,099 $5,065 
Schedule of income tax expense
The income tax expense (benefit) is composed of the following:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
(In millions)
Current:
Federal$688 $$310 
State and local104 80 143 
Foreign966 326 245 
Total current portion of income tax expense$1,758 $412 $698 
Deferred:
Federal$(563)$(401)$259 
State and local(101)(45)(32)
Foreign(147)(36)(62)
Total deferred portion of income tax expense (benefit)(811)(482)165 
Income tax expense (benefit)$947 $(70)$863 
Schedule of reconciliation of the difference between the effective income tax rate and the federal statutory rate
The following is a reconciliation of the difference between the effective income tax rate and the federal statutory rate:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
Federal statutory rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
Domestic income taxed at different rates(0.6)%(1.7)%— %
State taxes, net of federal benefit— %0.9 %2.2 %
Foreign income taxed at different rates(12.2)%(13.4)%(7.4)%
Stock-based compensation expense4.1 %(7.3)%(1.2)%
Tax credits(0.4)%(2.4)%(2.0)%
Change in valuation allowances2.2 %0.5 %0.1 %
Intra-group transfer of intellectual property10.0 %0.7 %4.1 %
Other4.0 %— %0.2 %
Effective income tax rate28.1 %(1.7)%17.0 %
Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities Significant deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following:
 As of December 31,
 20222021
(In millions)
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards$355 $317 
Accruals, allowances, and prepaids427 622 
Lease liabilities173 176 
Partnership investment— 
Stock-based compensation154 188 
Net unrealized losses151 23 
Acquired intangibles38 — 
Fixed assets and other intangibles655 84 
Total deferred tax assets1,953 1,415 
Valuation allowance(341)(274)
Net deferred tax assets$1,612 $1,141 
Deferred tax liabilities:
Unremitted foreign earnings$(42)$(35)
Acquired intangibles— (240)
ROU lease assets(138)(154)
Partnership investment(12)— 
Net unrealized gains(135)(351)
Total deferred tax liabilities(327)(780)
Net deferred tax assets $1,285 $361 
The following table shows the deferred tax assets and liabilities within our consolidated balance sheets:
As of December 31,
20222021
 Balance Sheet Location(In millions)
Total deferred tax assets (non-current)Other assets$1,310 $547 
Total deferred tax liabilities (non-current)Deferred tax liability and other long-term liabilities(25)(186)
Total net deferred tax assets $1,285 $361 
Schedule of unrecognized tax benefits
The following table reflects changes in unrecognized tax benefits for the periods presented below:
 Year Ended December 31,
 202220212020
 (In millions)
Gross amounts of unrecognized tax benefits as of the beginning of the period$1,678 $1,479 $1,141 
Increases related to prior period tax positions52 172 92 
Decreases related to prior period tax positions(185)(187)(78)
Increases related to current period tax positions337 232 360 
Settlements(2)(15)(34)
Statute of limitation expirations(3)(3)(2)
Gross amounts of unrecognized tax benefits as of the end of the period$1,877 $1,678 $1,479 
v3.22.4
RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
Summary of restructuring reserve activity
The following table summarizes the restructuring reserve activity during the year ended December 31, 2022:
 Employee Severance and Benefits and Other Associated Costs
(In millions)
Accrued liability as of January 1, 2022$
Charges 121 
Payments(102)
Accrued liability as of December 31, 2022
$24 
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
entity
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]    
Number of consolidated variable interest entities | entity 2  
Short-term investments $ 3,092 $ 4,303
Loans and interest receivable, net 7,431 4,846
Long-term debt 10,417 8,049
Long-term investments 5,018 6,797
Variable interest entity, reporting entity involvement, maximum loss exposure, amount 232 205
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary    
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]    
Short-term investments   87
Loans and interest receivable, net   21
Long-term debt   98
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary    
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]    
Long-term investments $ 128 $ 74
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Reclassifications (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Reclassification [Line Items]      
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $ 5,813 $ 5,797 $ 6,219
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (3,421) (5,149) (16,545)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (1,110) (557) 12,454
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash (155) (102) 169
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 1,127 (11) 2,297
Increase (decrease) in other current assets and non-current assets (118) 486 171
Increase (decrease) in other current liabilities and current liabilities $ 483 199 1,038
As Previously Reported      
Reclassification [Line Items]      
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities   6,340 5,854
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities   (5,485) (16,218)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities   (764) 12,492
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash   (102) 169
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash   (11) 2,297
Adjustments      
Reclassification [Line Items]      
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities   (543) 365
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities   336 (327)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities   207 (38)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash   0 0
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash   0 0
Increase (decrease) in other current assets and non-current assets   (336) 327
Increase (decrease) in other current liabilities and current liabilities   $ (207) $ 38
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Allowance for Loans and Interest Receivable (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Merchant Receivables | Minimum | Merchant Products    
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Projected loss rate period 2 years 6 months  
Merchant Receivables | Maximum | Merchant Products    
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Projected loss rate period 3 years 6 months  
Consumer Receivables | Revolving Credit Products    
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Projected loss rate period 2 years  
Consumer Receivables | Minimum | Installment Credit Products    
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Projected loss rate period 7 months 7 months
Consumer Receivables | Maximum | Installment Credit Products    
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Projected loss rate period 3 years 6 months 2 years 6 months
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Customer Accounts and Funds Receivable and Funds Payable (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Billions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Aug. 31, 2022
Jun. 30, 2018
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Minimum aggregate customer balances required to be covered by eligible liquid assets held, percentage 100.00%    
Additional funds receivable and customer accounts designated for credit funding $ 1.1    
Europe      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Funds receivable and customer accounts designated for credit funding, percentage   50.00% 35.00%
Funds receivable and customer accounts designated for credit funding, percentage utilized 37.00%    
U.S. | Minimum      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Funds receivable and funds payable, transaction clearing period 1 day    
U.S. | Maximum      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Funds receivable and funds payable, transaction clearing period 3 days    
Other countries      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Funds receivable and funds payable, transaction clearing period 5 days    
Cash and cash equivalents | Europe      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Funds receivable and customer accounts designated for credit funding $ 3.8    
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Computer equipment, software & website development costs | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Estimated useful lives 1 year    
Computer equipment, software & website development costs | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Estimated useful lives 4 years    
Furniture and fixtures      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Estimated useful lives 3 years    
Building and building improvements | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Estimated useful lives 30 years    
Leasehold improvements      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Estimated useful lives 5 years    
Internal use software and website development costs      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Estimated useful lives 3 years    
Capitalized internally developed software and website development costs $ 511 $ 462  
Amortization expense of previously capitalized internally developed software and website development costs $ 426 $ 366 $ 322
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Minimum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Useful life 2 years
Maximum  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
Useful life 7 years
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Allowance for Transaction Losses and Negative Customer Balances (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Allowance for negative customer balances, threshold period past due, writeoff 120 days
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Concentrations of Risk (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Accounts receivable | Customer concentration risk | Customer 1      
Concentration Risk [Line Items]      
Concentration risk, percentage 20.00% 25.00%  
Long-term notes receivable | Customer concentration risk | Partner 1      
Concentration Risk [Line Items]      
Concentration risk, percentage 18.00% 22.00%  
Revenue | Product concentration risk | eBay Marketplaces Platform      
Concentration Risk [Line Items]      
Concentration risk, percentage 2.00% 6.00% 13.00%
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Advertising Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Advertising expense $ 518 $ 740 $ 654
v3.22.4
OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance (Details) - Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
$ in Millions
Jun. 30, 2022
USD ($)
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]  
Crypto asset safeguarding asset $ 596
Crypto asset safeguarding liability $ 596
v3.22.4
REVENUE - Additional Information (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
obligation
segment
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]  
Number of operating segments 1
Number of reportable segments 1
Revenues from other value added services  
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]  
Number of performance obligations | obligation 1
v3.22.4
REVENUE - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenues $ 27,518 $ 25,371 $ 21,454
Transaction revenues      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenues 25,206 23,402 19,918
Revenues from other value added services      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenues 2,312 1,969 1,536
Interest and fees earned on loans and interest receivable and hedging gains losses and interest earned on certain assets underlying customer balances      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenues which do not represent revenues recognized in the scope of ASC Topic 606 1,300 425 597
U.S.      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenues 15,807 13,712 11,013
United Kingdom (“U.K.”)      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenues 2,071 2,340 2,340
Other countries      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenues $ 9,640 $ 9,319 $ 8,101
v3.22.4
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE - Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Numerator:      
Net income (loss), basic $ 2,419 $ 4,169 $ 4,202
Net income (loss), diluted $ 2,419 $ 4,169 $ 4,202
Denominator:      
Weighted average shares of common stock - basic (in shares) 1,154 1,174 1,173
Dilutive effect of equity incentive awards (in shares) 4 12 14
Weighted average shares of common stock - diluted (in shares) 1,158 1,186 1,187
Net income (loss) per share:      
Basic (in dollars per share) $ 2.10 $ 3.55 $ 3.58
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ 2.09 $ 3.52 $ 3.54
Common stock equivalents excluded from net income (loss) per diluted share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive or potentially dilutive 13 2 1
v3.22.4
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS - Narrative (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
business
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]  
Number of businesses acquired or divested 0
v3.22.4
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS - Acquisitions Completed in 2021 (Details)
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
business
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
business
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Number of businesses acquired | business     5 1
Payments to acquire businesses   $ 0 $ 2,763 $ 3,609
Goodwill   $ 11,209 $ 11,454 $ 9,135
Minimum        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Intangible assets acquired, useful life   2 years    
Maximum        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Intangible assets acquired, useful life   7 years    
Companies Acquired in Fiscal Year 2021        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Number of businesses acquired | business     5  
Percentage of interests acquired     100.00%  
Aggregate purchase price for acquisitions     $ 3,100  
Paidy        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Aggregate purchase price for acquisitions $ 2,700      
Payments to acquire businesses 2,600      
Equity interest issued or issuable, value assigned 161      
Gross contractual receivables $ 216      
Award vesting period 4 years      
Intangible assets acquired $ 642      
Goodwill $ 1,897      
Paidy | Minimum        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Intangible assets acquired, useful life 3 years      
Paidy | Maximum        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Intangible assets acquired, useful life 7 years      
Series of Individually Immaterial Business Acquisitions        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Number of businesses acquired | business     4  
Aggregate purchase price for acquisitions     $ 542  
Intangible assets acquired     90  
Net liabilities     17  
Goodwill     $ 435  
Series of Individually Immaterial Business Acquisitions | Minimum        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Intangible assets acquired, useful life     1 year  
Series of Individually Immaterial Business Acquisitions | Maximum        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Intangible assets acquired, useful life     7 years  
v3.22.4
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS - Schedule of Allocation of Purchase Consideration to Fair Value of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Oct. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Jan. 31, 2020
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Goodwill $ 11,209 $ 11,454   $ 9,135  
Paidy          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Goodwill     $ 1,897    
Intangibles     642    
Loans and interest receivable, net     197    
Cash and cash equivalents     102    
Other net assets     87    
Short-term and long-term debt     (188)    
Deferred tax liabilities, net     (166)    
Total purchase price     2,571    
Paidy | Customer lists and user base          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangibles     512    
Paidy | Marketing related          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangibles     83    
Paidy | Developed technology          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangibles     $ 47    
Honey Science Corporation          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Goodwill         $ 2,962
Intangibles         717
Loans and interest receivable, net         50
Deferred tax liabilities, net         (58)
Other net liabilities         (36)
Total purchase price       $ 3,600 3,635
Honey Science Corporation | Customer lists and user base          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangibles         115
Honey Science Corporation | Marketing related          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangibles         30
Honey Science Corporation | Developed technology          
Business Acquisition [Line Items]          
Intangibles         $ 572
v3.22.4
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS - Acquisitions Completed in 2020 (Details)
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
business
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
business
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Number of businesses acquired | business     5 1
Payments to Acquire Businesses, Net of Cash Acquired   $ 0 $ 2,763 $ 3,609
Honey Science Corporation        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Percentage of interests acquired       100.00%
Total purchase price $ 3,635     $ 3,600
Aggregate purchase price for acquisitions 4,000      
Payments to Acquire Businesses, Net of Cash Acquired 3,600      
Equity interest issued or issuable, value assigned $ 400      
Intangible assets acquired, useful life 3 years      
Award vesting period 4 years      
v3.22.4
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS - Other Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2021
Companies Acquired in Fiscal Year 2021    
Business Acquisition [Line Items]    
Step acquisition, equity interest in acquiree, fair value   $ 64
Companies Acquired in Fiscal Year 2021 | Other income (expense), net    
Business Acquisition [Line Items]    
Step acquisition, equity interest in acquiree, remeasurement gain   $ 36
Honey Science Corporation    
Business Acquisition [Line Items]    
Equity interest issued or issuable, value assigned $ 400  
Award vesting period 4 years  
v3.22.4
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Schedule of Goodwill Balances and Adjustments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Total Goodwill    
Beginning balance $ 11,454 $ 9,135
Goodwill Acquired 0 2,355
Adjustments (245) (36)
Ending balance $ 11,209 $ 11,454
v3.22.4
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Additional Information (Details)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
business
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
business
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]      
Number of businesses acquired | business   5 1
Amortization expense for intangible assets | $ $ 471 $ 443 $ 451
v3.22.4
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Schedule of Components of Identifiable Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount $ 3,596 $ 3,694
Accumulated Amortization (2,808) (2,362)
Net Carrying Amount 788 1,332
Customer lists and user base    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount 1,664 1,726
Accumulated Amortization (1,092) (919)
Net Carrying Amount $ 572 $ 807
Weighted Average Useful Life (Years) 7 years 7 years
Marketing related    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount $ 395 $ 405
Accumulated Amortization (339) (315)
Net Carrying Amount $ 56 $ 90
Weighted Average Useful Life (Years) 5 years 5 years
Developed technology    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount $ 1,099 $ 1,109
Accumulated Amortization (1,048) (822)
Net Carrying Amount $ 51 $ 287
Weighted Average Useful Life (Years) 3 years 3 years
All other    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount $ 438 $ 454
Accumulated Amortization (329) (306)
Net Carrying Amount $ 109 $ 148
Weighted Average Useful Life (Years) 7 years 7 years
v3.22.4
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Schedule of Expected Future Intangible Asset Amortization (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity    
2023 $ 214  
2024 196  
2025 160  
2026 103  
2027 65  
Thereafter 50  
Net Carrying Amount $ 788 $ 1,332
v3.22.4
LEASES - Schedule of Components of Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Lease expense      
Operating lease expense $ 171 $ 170 $ 166
Sublease income (8) (8) (6)
Lease expense, net 163 162 160
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:      
Operating cash flows from operating leases 172 167 159
ROU lease assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities 131 124 345
Other non-cash ROU lease asset activity (52) (21) $ (23)
Operating ROU lease assets $ 574 $ 659  
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other assets Other assets  
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Accrued expenses and other current liabilities Accrued expenses and other current liabilities  
Current operating lease liabilities $ 151 $ 142  
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Deferred tax liability and other long-term liabilities Deferred tax liability and other long-term liabilities  
Operating lease liabilities $ 569 $ 620  
Total operating lease liabilities $ 720 $ 762  
Weighted-average remaining lease term—operating leases 5 years 8 months 12 days 6 years 1 month 6 days  
Weighted-average discount rate—operating leases 3.00% 3.00%  
v3.22.4
LEASES - Schedule of Future Minimum Operating Lease Payments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Fiscal years:    
2023 $ 169  
2024 155  
2025 114  
2026 103  
2027 90  
Thereafter 147  
Total 778  
Less: present value discount (58)  
Lease liability $ 720 $ 762
v3.22.4
LEASES - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Leases [Abstract]        
Operating lease, rent expense   $ 202 $ 192 $ 172
Sale leaseback transaction, lease term (in years) 8 years      
Sale leaseback transaction, net proceeds $ 119      
Asset impairment charges   81 26 30
Operating lease, impairment loss   52 $ 21 $ 23
Operating lease, lease not yet commenced, amount   $ 12    
Operating lease, lease not yet commenced, term of contract   6 years    
v3.22.4
OTHER FINANCIAL STATEMENT DETAILS - Crypto Asset Safeguarding Liability and Corresponding Asset (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets  
Schedule of Crypto-Asset Safeguarding Asset and Liability [Line Items]  
Crypto asset safeguarding asset $ 604
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities  
Schedule of Crypto-Asset Safeguarding Asset and Liability [Line Items]  
Crypto asset safeguarding liability 604
Bitcoin | Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets  
Schedule of Crypto-Asset Safeguarding Asset and Liability [Line Items]  
Crypto asset safeguarding asset 291
Bitcoin | Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities  
Schedule of Crypto-Asset Safeguarding Asset and Liability [Line Items]  
Crypto asset safeguarding liability 291
Ethereum | Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets  
Schedule of Crypto-Asset Safeguarding Asset and Liability [Line Items]  
Crypto asset safeguarding asset 250
Ethereum | Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities  
Schedule of Crypto-Asset Safeguarding Asset and Liability [Line Items]  
Crypto asset safeguarding liability 250
Other | Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets  
Schedule of Crypto-Asset Safeguarding Asset and Liability [Line Items]  
Crypto asset safeguarding asset 63
Other | Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities  
Schedule of Crypto-Asset Safeguarding Asset and Liability [Line Items]  
Crypto asset safeguarding liability $ 63
v3.22.4
OTHER FINANCIAL STATEMENT DETAILS - Property and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Property, plant and equipment, gross $ 8,112 $ 7,590  
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (6,382) (5,681)  
Total property and equipment, net 1,730 1,909  
Depreciation and amortization expense 846 822 $ 738
Net change in property and equipment included in accounts payable (36) (27) $ 17
Long-lived assets 2,304 2,568  
U.S.      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Long-lived assets 1,910 2,050  
Other countries      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Long-lived assets 394 518  
Computer equipment and software      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Property, plant and equipment, gross 3,380 3,298  
Internal use software and website development costs      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Property, plant and equipment, gross 3,814 3,301  
Land and buildings      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Property, plant and equipment, gross 388 380  
Leasehold improvements      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Property, plant and equipment, gross 364 379  
Furniture and fixtures      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Property, plant and equipment, gross 141 146  
Development in progress and other      
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]      
Property, plant and equipment, gross $ 25 $ 86  
v3.22.4
OTHER FINANCIAL STATEMENT DETAILS - Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Accumulated Balances of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax      
Beginning balance $ 21,727 $ 20,063 $ 16,929
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (325) 158 (291)
Less: Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI 467 (190) 20
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (792) 348 (311)
Ending balance 20,274 21,727 20,063
AOCI Attributable to Parent      
Accumulated Balances of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Tax      
Beginning balance (2) 2 0
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 130 (4) 2
Less: Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI 0 0 0
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) 130 (4) 2
Ending balance 128 (2) 2
Accumulated Balances of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax      
Beginning balance (136) (484) (173)
Ending balance (928) (136) (484)
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges      
Accumulated Balances of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Before Tax      
Beginning balance 199 (323) 6
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 374 332 (309)
Less: Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI 462 (190) 20
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) (88) 522 (329)
Ending balance 111 199 (323)
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments      
Accumulated Balances of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Before Tax      
Beginning balance (87) 11 2
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (499) (98) 9
Less: Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI 5 0 0
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) (504) (98) 9
Ending balance (591) (87) 11
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment (“CTA”)      
Accumulated Balances of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Before Tax      
Beginning balance (270) (198) (150)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (305) (72) (48)
Less: Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI 0 0 0
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) (305) (72) (48)
Ending balance (575) (270) (198)
Net Investment Hedges CTA Gains (Losses)      
Accumulated Balances of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Before Tax      
Beginning balance 24 24 (31)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (25) 0 55
Less: Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI 0 0 0
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) (25) 0 55
Ending balance $ (1) $ 24 $ 24
v3.22.4
OTHER FINANCIAL STATEMENT DETAILS - Schedule of Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Derivatives [Line Items]      
Net revenues $ (27,518) $ (25,371) $ (21,454)
Other income (expense), net 471 163 (1,776)
Income before income taxes (3,366) (4,099) (5,065)
Income tax expense (benefit) 947 (70) 863
Net income (loss) (2,419) (4,169) (4,202)
Amount of Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCI      
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Derivatives [Line Items]      
Income before income taxes 467 (190) 20
Income tax expense (benefit) 0 0 0
Net income (loss) 467 (190) 20
Amount of Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCI | Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges—foreign currency exchange contracts      
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Derivatives [Line Items]      
Net revenues 462 (190) 20
Amount of Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCI | Unrealized gains (losses) on investments      
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Derivatives [Line Items]      
Other income (expense), net $ 5 $ 0 $ 0
v3.22.4
OTHER FINANCIAL STATEMENT DETAILS - Schedule of Other Income (Expense), Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]      
Interest income $ 174 $ 57 $ 88
Interest expense (304) (232) (209)
Net gains (losses) on strategic investments (304) 46 1,914
Other (37) (34) (17)
Other income (expense), net $ (471) $ (163) $ 1,776
v3.22.4
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS - Schedule of Assets Underlying Funds Receivable and Customer Accounts, Short-term Investments, and Long-term Investments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Funds receivable and customer accounts:    
Total funds receivable and customer accounts $ 36,357 $ 36,141
Short-term investments:    
Time deposits 482 590
Available-for-sale debt securities 2,593 3,604
Restricted cash 17 109
Total short-term investments 3,092 4,303
Long-term investments:    
Time deposits 55 45
Available-for-sale debt securities 2,817 3,545
Strategic investments 2,146 3,207
Total long-term investments 5,018 6,797
Cash and cash equivalents    
Funds receivable and customer accounts:    
Total funds receivable and customer accounts 11,363 12,723
Time deposits    
Funds receivable and customer accounts:    
Total funds receivable and customer accounts 95 334
Available-for-sale debt securities    
Funds receivable and customer accounts:    
Total funds receivable and customer accounts 17,349 18,336
Funds receivable    
Funds receivable and customer accounts:    
Total funds receivable and customer accounts $ 7,550 $ 4,748
v3.22.4
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS - Schedule of Estimated Fair Value of Available-for-Sale Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost $ 22,869 $ 23,232
Gross Unrealized Gains 1 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (592) (87)
Estimated Fair Value 22,278 23,145
Funds receivable and customer accounts | U.S. government and agency securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 8,736 8,754
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (252) (31)
Estimated Fair Value 8,484 8,723
Funds receivable and customer accounts | Foreign government and agency securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 1,479 1,849
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (44) (9)
Estimated Fair Value 1,435 1,840
Funds receivable and customer accounts | Corporate debt securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 1,637 3,377
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (82) (15)
Estimated Fair Value 1,555 3,362
Funds receivable and customer accounts | Asset-backed securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 1,324 1,552
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (26) (3)
Estimated Fair Value 1,298 1,549
Funds receivable and customer accounts | Municipal securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 410 535
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (3) 0
Estimated Fair Value 407 535
Funds receivable and customer accounts | Commercial paper    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 3,702  
Gross Unrealized Gains 1  
Gross Unrealized Losses (14)  
Estimated Fair Value 3,689  
Short-term investments | U.S. government and agency securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 815 537
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (3) 0
Estimated Fair Value 812 537
Short-term investments | Foreign government and agency securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 435 493
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (11) (1)
Estimated Fair Value 424 492
Short-term investments | Corporate debt securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 641 2,285
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (14) 0
Estimated Fair Value 627 2,285
Short-term investments | Asset-backed securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 415 278
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (9) (1)
Estimated Fair Value 406 277
Short-term investments | Commercial paper    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 324  
Gross Unrealized Gains 0  
Gross Unrealized Losses 0  
Estimated Fair Value 324  
Long-Term Investments | U.S. government and agency securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 493 568
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (36) (6)
Estimated Fair Value 457 562
Long-Term Investments | Foreign government and agency securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 386 742
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (22) (6)
Estimated Fair Value 364 736
Long-Term Investments | Corporate debt securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 987 1,445
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (58) (11)
Estimated Fair Value 929 1,434
Long-Term Investments | Asset-backed securities    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Gross Amortized Cost 1,085 817
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (18) (4)
Estimated Fair Value $ 1,067 $ 813
v3.22.4
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]    
Accrued interest receivable $ 65 $ 36
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accrued Interest, after Allowance for Credit Loss, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Prepaid expenses and other current assets Prepaid expenses and other current assets
v3.22.4
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS - Schedule of Gross Unrealized Losses and Estimated Fair Value of Available-for-Sale Debt Securities in a Continuous Loss Position (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months $ 10,155 $ 17,989
12 months or longer 10,282 20
Total 20,437 18,009
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (150) (87)
12 months or longer (442) 0
Total (592) (87)
Funds receivable and customer accounts | U.S. government and agency securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 3,730 8,224
12 months or longer 4,246 0
Total 7,976 8,224
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (89) (31)
12 months or longer (163) 0
Total (252) (31)
Funds receivable and customer accounts | Foreign government and agency securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 410 1,703
12 months or longer 997 20
Total 1,407 1,723
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (11) (9)
12 months or longer (34) 0
Total (45) (9)
Funds receivable and customer accounts | Corporate debt securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 9 1,816
12 months or longer 1,545 0
Total 1,554 1,816
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (1) (15)
12 months or longer (81) 0
Total (82) (15)
Funds receivable and customer accounts | Asset-backed securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 773 1,302
12 months or longer 508 0
Total 1,281 1,302
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (11) (3)
12 months or longer (14) 0
Total (25) (3)
Funds receivable and customer accounts | Municipal securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 264 50
12 months or longer 50 0
Total 314 50
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (3) 0
12 months or longer 0 0
Total (3) 0
Funds receivable and customer accounts | Commercial paper    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 3,079  
12 months or longer 0  
Total 3,079  
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (14)  
12 months or longer 0  
Total (14)  
Short-term investments | U.S. government and agency securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 345 440
12 months or longer 73 0
Total 418 440
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months 0 0
12 months or longer (3) 0
Total (3) 0
Short-term investments | Foreign government and agency securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 61 485
12 months or longer 362 0
Total 423 485
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months 0 (1)
12 months or longer (11) 0
Total (11) (1)
Short-term investments | Corporate debt securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 97 336
12 months or longer 465 0
Total 562 336
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (2) 0
12 months or longer (12) 0
Total (14) 0
Short-term investments | Asset-backed securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 175 273
12 months or longer 217 0
Total 392 273
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (2) (1)
12 months or longer (7) 0
Total (9) (1)
Short-term investments | Commercial paper    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 224  
12 months or longer 0  
Total 224  
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months 0  
12 months or longer 0  
Total 0  
Long-Term Investments | U.S. government and agency securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 0 562
12 months or longer 457 0
Total 457 562
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months 0 (6)
12 months or longer (36) 0
Total (36) (6)
Long-Term Investments | Foreign government and agency securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 31 736
12 months or longer 333 0
Total 364 736
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (2) (6)
12 months or longer (20) 0
Total (22) (6)
Long-Term Investments | Corporate debt securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 85 1,355
12 months or longer 834 0
Total 919 1,355
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (6) (11)
12 months or longer (52) 0
Total (58) (11)
Long-Term Investments | Asset-backed securities    
Fair Value    
Less than 12 months 872 707
12 months or longer 195 0
Total 1,067 707
Gross Unrealized Losses    
Less than 12 months (9) (4)
12 months or longer (9) 0
Total $ (18) $ (4)
v3.22.4
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS - Estimated Fair Values of Investments Classified as Available for Sale Included within Funds Receivable and Customer Accounts by Date of Contractual Maturity (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Amortized Cost    
One year or less $ 11,591  
After one year through five years 9,232  
After five years through ten years 1,968  
After ten years 78  
Gross Amortized Cost 22,869 $ 23,232
Fair Value    
One year or less 11,470  
After one year through five years 8,790  
After five years through ten years 1,941  
After ten years 77  
Total $ 22,278 $ 23,145
v3.22.4
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS - Strategic Investments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]    
Carrying value of marketable equity securities recorded in long-term investments $ 323 $ 1,900
Carrying value of non-marketable equity securities 136 79
Carrying value of non-marketable equity securities which do not have readily determinable fair value $ 1,800 $ 1,300
v3.22.4
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS - Schedule of Adjustments to Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value [Roll Forward]    
Carrying amount, beginning of period $ 1,268 $ 779
Adjustments related to non-marketable equity securities:    
Net additions 100 133
Gross unrealized gains 423 356
Gross unrealized losses and impairments (104) 0
Carrying amount, end of period $ 1,687 $ 1,268
v3.22.4
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS - Summary of Cumulative Gross Unrealized Gains and Cumulative Gross Unrealized Losses and Impairment Related to Non-marketable Equity Securities Accounted for Under the Measurement Alternative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]    
Cumulative gross unrealized gains $ 1,137 $ 733
Cumulative gross unrealized losses and impairments $ (131) $ (27)
v3.22.4
FUNDS RECEIVABLE AND CUSTOMER ACCOUNTS AND INVESTMENTS - Schedule of Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Strategic Investments, Excluding Those Accounted for Using the Equity Method (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]    
Net unrealized gains (losses) $ 79 $ (46)
v3.22.4
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES - Summary of Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts $ 36,357 $ 36,141
Liabilities:    
Cash 6,800 4,800
Short-term restricted cash 17 109
Time deposits 537 635
Carrying value of non-marketable equity securities which do not have readily determinable fair value 1,800 1,300
Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents 932 400
Funds receivable and customer accounts 17,541 18,958
Derivatives 244 304
Crypto asset safeguarding asset 604  
Total financial assets 25,054 28,671
Liabilities:    
Derivatives 298 130
Crypto asset safeguarding liability 604  
Total financial liabilities 902  
Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents 0 0
Funds receivable and customer accounts 0 0
Derivatives 0 0
Crypto asset safeguarding asset 0  
Total financial assets 323 1,860
Liabilities:    
Derivatives 0 0
Crypto asset safeguarding liability 0  
Total financial liabilities 0  
Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents 932 400
Funds receivable and customer accounts 17,541 18,958
Derivatives 244 304
Crypto asset safeguarding asset 604  
Total financial assets 24,731 26,811
Liabilities:    
Derivatives 298 130
Crypto asset safeguarding liability 604  
Total financial liabilities 902  
Cash and cash equivalents    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 11,363 12,723
Cash and cash equivalents | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 192 622
Cash and cash equivalents | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 0 0
Cash and cash equivalents | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 192 622
U.S. government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 8,484 8,723
U.S. government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 0 0
U.S. government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 8,484 8,723
Foreign government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 1,777 4,090
Foreign government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 0 0
Foreign government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 1,777 4,090
Corporate debt securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 1,694 3,439
Corporate debt securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 0 0
Corporate debt securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 1,694 3,439
Asset-backed securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 1,298 1,549
Asset-backed securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 0 0
Asset-backed securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 1,298 1,549
Municipal securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 407 535
Municipal securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 0 0
Municipal securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 407 535
Commercial paper | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 3,689  
Commercial paper | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 0  
Commercial paper | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 3,689  
Cash, time deposits and funds receivable    
Assets:    
Funds receivable and customer accounts 18,800 17,200
Short-term investments | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 2,593 3,604
Short-term investments | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 0 0
Short-term investments | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments 2,593 3,604
Short-term investments | U.S. government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 812 537
Short-term investments | U.S. government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 0 0
Short-term investments | U.S. government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments 812 537
Short-term investments | Foreign government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 424 505
Short-term investments | Foreign government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 0 0
Short-term investments | Foreign government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments 424 505
Short-term investments | Corporate debt securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 627 2,285
Short-term investments | Corporate debt securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 0 0
Short-term investments | Corporate debt securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments 627 2,285
Short-term investments | Asset-backed securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 406 277
Short-term investments | Asset-backed securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 0 0
Short-term investments | Asset-backed securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments 406 277
Short-term investments | Commercial paper | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 324  
Short-term investments | Commercial paper | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 0  
Short-term investments | Commercial paper | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments 324  
Long-Term Investments | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 3,140 5,405
Long-Term Investments | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 323 1,860
Long-Term Investments | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments 2,817 3,545
Long-Term Investments | U.S. government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 457 562
Long-Term Investments | U.S. government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 0 0
Long-Term Investments | U.S. government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments 457 562
Long-Term Investments | Foreign government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 364 736
Long-Term Investments | Foreign government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 0 0
Long-Term Investments | Foreign government and agency securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments 364 736
Long-Term Investments | Corporate debt securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 929 1,434
Long-Term Investments | Corporate debt securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 0 0
Long-Term Investments | Corporate debt securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments 929 1,434
Long-Term Investments | Asset-backed securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 1,067 813
Long-Term Investments | Asset-backed securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 0 0
Long-Term Investments | Asset-backed securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments 1,067 813
Long-Term Investments | Marketable equity securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis    
Assets:    
Investments 323 1,860
Long-Term Investments | Marketable equity securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)    
Assets:    
Investments 323 1,860
Long-Term Investments | Marketable equity securities | Fair value, measurements, recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)    
Assets:    
Investments $ 0 $ 0
v3.22.4
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Carrying Value    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Notes receivable $ 441 $ 381
Long-term debt (including current portion) in the form of fixed rate notes 10,300 9,000
Fair Value    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Notes receivable 396 424
Long-term debt (including current portion) in the form of fixed rate notes $ 9,500 $ 9,300
Minimum    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Derivative instruments, duration 1 month  
Maximum    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Derivative instruments, duration 1 year  
Maximum | Cash Flow Hedging | Foreign Exchange Contract | Designated as Hedging Instrument    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Derivative instruments, duration 18 months  
v3.22.4
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES - Summary of Investments Under the Fair Value Option (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Debt securities, available-for-sale, fair value $ 22,278 $ 23,145
Funds receivable and customer accounts | Fair Value Option, Investments    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Debt securities, available-for-sale, fair value 481 2,327
Net gains (losses) from fair value changes (149) (101)
Short-term investments | Fair Value Option, Investments    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Debt securities, available-for-sale, fair value 0 13
Net gains (losses) from fair value changes $ 0 $ (30)
v3.22.4
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES - Summary of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Equity securities accounted for under the Measurement Alternative $ 1,687 $ 1,268 $ 779
Fair value, measurements, not on a recurring basis      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the Measurement Alternative 987 611  
Other assets 165 86  
Total financial assets 1,152 697  
Equity securities accounted for under the Measurement Alternative 700 657  
Fair value, measurements, not on a recurring basis | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the Measurement Alternative 589 611  
Other assets 165 86  
Total financial assets 754 $ 697  
Fair value, measurements, not on a recurring basis | Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)      
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]      
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the Measurement Alternative 398    
Other assets 0    
Total financial assets $ 398    
v3.22.4
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]      
Maximum maturity of foreign currency exchange contracts 18 months    
Net derivative gains related to cash flow hedges to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months $ 110,000,000    
Net investment hedge CTA gains (losses), reclassifications 0 $ 0 $ 0
Derivative asset, offset 70,000,000 102,000,000  
Derivative liability, offset $ 70,000,000 $ 102,000,000  
v3.22.4
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS - Schedule of Fair Value of Outstanding Derivative Instruments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Other current assets    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Prepaid expenses and other current assets Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Other assets (non-current)    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other assets Other assets
Other current liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Accrued expenses and other current liabilities Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Other long-term liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Deferred tax liability and other long-term liabilities Deferred tax liability and other long-term liabilities
Foreign Exchange Contract    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative assets $ 244 $ 304
Derivative liabilities 298 130
Foreign Exchange Contract | Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instruments | Other current assets    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative assets 167 205
Foreign Exchange Contract | Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instruments | Other assets (non-current)    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative assets 15 21
Foreign Exchange Contract | Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instruments | Other current liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative liabilities 68 27
Foreign Exchange Contract | Foreign currency exchange contracts designated as hedging instruments | Other long-term liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative liabilities 133 0
Foreign Exchange Contract | Foreign currency exchange contracts not designated as hedging instruments | Other current assets    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative assets 62 78
Foreign Exchange Contract | Foreign currency exchange contracts not designated as hedging instruments | Other current liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative liabilities $ 97 $ 103
v3.22.4
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS - Offsetting Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Other current assets    
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]    
Cash collateral posted $ 24 $ 5
Other current liabilities    
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]    
Cash collateral received $ 203 $ 209
v3.22.4
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS - Location in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Amount of Recognized Gains or Losses Related to Derivative Instruments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) in which the effects of derivatives are recorded (net revenues) $ 27,518 $ 25,371 $ 21,454
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) in which the effects of derivatives are recorded (other income (expense), net) (471) (163) 1,776
Net revenues      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Total gains (losses) $ 462 $ (190) $ 20
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) in which the effects of derivatives are recorded (other income (expense), net) Total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) in which the effects of derivatives are recorded (other income (expense), net) Total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) in which the effects of derivatives are recorded (other income (expense), net)
Other income (expense), net      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Total gains (losses) $ 28 $ 144 $ (174)
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) in which the effects of derivatives are recorded (other income (expense), net) Total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) in which the effects of derivatives are recorded (other income (expense), net) Total amounts presented in the consolidated statements of income (loss) in which the effects of derivatives are recorded (other income (expense), net)
Foreign Exchange Contract | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Net revenues      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gains (losses) on foreign exchange contracts reclassified from AOCI $ 462 $ (190) $ 20
Foreign Exchange Contract | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Net revenues | Net Investment Hedging      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gains on foreign exchange contracts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness 0 0 0
Foreign Exchange Contract | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other income (expense), net      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gains (losses) on foreign exchange contracts reclassified from AOCI 0 0 0
Foreign Exchange Contract | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other income (expense), net | Net Investment Hedging      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Amount of gains on foreign exchange contracts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness 84 0 0
Foreign Exchange Contract | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Net revenues      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Total gains (losses) 0 0 0
Foreign Exchange Contract | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other income (expense), net      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Total gains (losses) 118 144 (110)
Equity Contract | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Net revenues      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Total gains (losses) 0 0 0
Equity Contract | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other income (expense), net      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
Total gains (losses) $ (174) $ 0 $ (64)
v3.22.4
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS - Pre-tax Unrealized Gains or Losses Included in the Assessment of Hedge Effectiveness Related To Derivative Instruments Designated as Hedging Instruments That Are Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]          
Unrealized (losses) gains on foreign exchange contracts designated as net investment hedges     $ (25) $ 0 $ 55
Foreign Exchange Contract          
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]          
Unrealized gains (losses) on foreign exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges $ 374 $ 332 (309)    
Unrealized (losses) gains on foreign exchange contracts designated as net investment hedges (25) 0 55    
Total unrealized gains (losses) recognized from derivative contracts designated as hedging instruments in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) $ 349 $ 332 $ (254)    
v3.22.4
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS - Notional Amounts of Outstanding Derivatives (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional amounts $ 18,989 $ 25,763
Foreign Exchange Contract | Designated as Hedging Instrument    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional amounts 7,149 5,349
Foreign Exchange Contract | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional amounts $ 11,840 $ 20,414
v3.22.4
LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE - Consumer Receivables (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Purchased consumer receivables $ 381,000,000  
Consumer Receivables    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Loans and interest receivable 5,872,000,000 $ 3,847,000,000
Participation interest sold, value $ 17,000,000 $ 0
Threshold period, write-off of receivables 180 days  
Threshold period, write-off of bankrupt accounts 60 days  
Consumer Receivables | Geographic Distribution, Domestic    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Threshold period, write-off of receivables 120 days  
Consumer Loans Receivable | Consumer Receivables    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Expected period of repayment 12 months  
v3.22.4
LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE - Schedule of Delinquency Status of Consumer Loans and Interest Receivable by Year of Origination (Details) - Consumer Receivables - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis $ 1,922 $ 1,847
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated current fiscal year 3,819 1,996
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated fiscal year before current fiscal year 131 4
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated two years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated three years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated four years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans and interest receivable $ 5,872 $ 3,847
Percent 100.00% 100.00%
Other Consumer Credit Products    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Loans and interest receivable $ 11 $ 44
Current    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis 1,850 1,790
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated current fiscal year 3,726 1,939
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated fiscal year before current fiscal year 123 3
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated two years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated three years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated four years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans and interest receivable $ 5,699 $ 3,732
Percent 97.10% 97.00%
30 - 59 Days    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis $ 23 $ 18
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated current fiscal year 26 16
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated fiscal year before current fiscal year 2 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated two years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated three years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated four years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans and interest receivable $ 51 $ 34
Percent 0.90% 0.90%
60 - 89 Days    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis $ 15 $ 12
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated current fiscal year 20 13
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated fiscal year before current fiscal year 2 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated two years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated three years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated four years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans and interest receivable $ 37 $ 25
Percent 0.60% 0.60%
90 - 179 Days    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis $ 34 $ 27
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated current fiscal year 47 28
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated fiscal year before current fiscal year 4 1
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated two years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated three years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated four years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans and interest receivable $ 85 $ 56
Percent 1.40% 1.50%
v3.22.4
LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE - Schedule of Allowance for Loans and Interest Receivable (Details) - Consumer Receivables - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Allowance for loans and interest receivable    
Beginning balance $ 286 $ 352
Provisions 307 30
Charge-offs (245) (136)
Recoveries 21 28
Other (22) 12
Ending balance 347 286
Consumer Loans Receivable    
Allowance for loans and interest receivable    
Beginning balance 243 299
Provisions 292 20
Charge-offs (216) (116)
Recoveries 21 28
Other (18) 12
Ending balance 322 243
Interest Receivable    
Allowance for loans and interest receivable    
Beginning balance 43 53
Provisions 15 10
Charge-offs (29) (20)
Recoveries 0 0
Other (4) 0
Ending balance 25 43
Other Consumer Credit Products    
Allowance for loans and interest receivable    
Beginning balance 4  
Ending balance $ 3 $ 4
v3.22.4
LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE - Merchant Receivables (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Purchased merchant receivables $ 3,200 $ 1,800
Merchant Receivables    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Loans and interest receivable 2,146 1,446
Participation interest sold, value $ 97 $ 63
Threshold period, write-off of bankrupt accounts 60 days  
Merchant Receivables | PayPal Working Capital Products    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Required percentage of original loan payments every 90 days 10.00%  
Threshold period past due for write-off of financing receivable, number of days past exceeding expected repayment period 180 days  
Threshold period past due for write-off of financing receivable, non-payment 60 days  
Threshold period past due for write-off of financing receivable, threshold two 360 days  
Merchant Receivables | PayPal Business Loans    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Threshold period, write-off of receivables 180 days  
Minimum | Merchant Receivables | PayPal Working Capital Products    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Expected period of repayment 9 months  
Minimum | Merchant Receivables | PayPal Business Loans    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Expected period of repayment 3 months  
Maximum | Merchant Receivables | PayPal Working Capital Products    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Expected period of repayment 12 months  
Maximum | Merchant Receivables | PayPal Business Loans    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Expected period of repayment 12 months  
v3.22.4
LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE - Schedule of Delinquency Status of Merchant Loans, Advances, and Interest and Fees Receivable by Year of Origination (Details) - Merchant Receivables - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated current fiscal year $ 1,979 $ 1,144
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated fiscal year before current fiscal year 42 164
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated two years before current fiscal year 69 132
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated three years before current fiscal year 54 6
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated four years before current fiscal year 2 0
Loans and interest receivable $ 2,146 $ 1,446
Percent 100.00% 100.00%
Current    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated current fiscal year $ 1,826 $ 1,100
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated fiscal year before current fiscal year 20 129
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated two years before current fiscal year 57 95
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated three years before current fiscal year 42 3
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated four years before current fiscal year 2 0
Loans and interest receivable $ 1,947 $ 1,327
Percent 90.70% 91.80%
30 - 59 Days    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated current fiscal year $ 63 $ 24
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated fiscal year before current fiscal year 7 12
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated two years before current fiscal year 3 12
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated three years before current fiscal year 4 1
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated four years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans and interest receivable $ 77 $ 49
Percent 3.60% 3.40%
60 - 89 Days    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated current fiscal year $ 34 $ 10
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated fiscal year before current fiscal year 4 8
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated two years before current fiscal year 4 7
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated three years before current fiscal year 2 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated four years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans and interest receivable $ 44 $ 25
Percent 2.00% 1.70%
90 - 179 Days    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated current fiscal year $ 55 $ 10
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated fiscal year before current fiscal year 9 11
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated two years before current fiscal year 3 11
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated three years before current fiscal year 3 1
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated four years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans and interest receivable $ 70 $ 33
Percent 3.30% 2.30%
180+ Days    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated current fiscal year $ 1 $ 0
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated fiscal year before current fiscal year 2 4
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated two years before current fiscal year 2 7
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated three years before current fiscal year 3 1
Loans, advances, and interest and fees receivable, originated four years before current fiscal year 0 0
Loans and interest receivable $ 8 $ 12
Percent 0.40% 0.80%
v3.22.4
LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE - Schedule of Allowance for Merchant Loans, Advances, and Interest and Fees Receivable (Details) - Merchant Receivables - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Beginning balance $ 201 $ 483
Provisions 127 (138)
Charge-offs (114) (185)
Recoveries 34 41
Ending balance 248 201
Merchant Loans and Advances    
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Beginning balance 192 440
Provisions 109 (116)
Charge-offs (105) (173)
Recoveries 34 41
Ending balance 230 192
Interest and Fees Receivable    
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Beginning balance 9 43
Provisions 18 (22)
Charge-offs (9) (12)
Recoveries 0 0
Ending balance $ 18 $ 9
v3.22.4
LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE - Troubled Debt Restructurings ("TDRs") (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]  
Financing receivable, modifications, payment default, threshold period past due 60 days
Minimum  
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]  
Financing receivable, modifications, term 1 year
Maximum  
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]  
Financing receivable, modifications, term 5 years 6 months
v3.22.4
LOANS AND INTEREST RECEIVABLE - Loans Modified as TDRs (Details) - Merchant Receivables
business in Thousands, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
business
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]  
Number of Accounts | business 3
Outstanding Balances | $ $ 45
Weighted Average Payment Term Extensions 36 months
v3.22.4
DEBT - Fixed Rate Notes (Details) - USD ($)
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
May 31, 2022
May 31, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Jun. 30, 2022
May 23, 2022
May 18, 2020
Sep. 26, 2019
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                    
Outstanding aggregate principal amount       $ 10,418,000,000            
Fixed-Rate Notes Issued May 2022 | Senior Notes                    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                    
Face amount $ 3,000,000,000             $ 3,000,000,000    
Redemption price (in percent) 101.00%                  
Fixed-rate Notes Issued May 2020 | Senior Notes                    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                    
Face amount   $ 4,000,000,000             $ 4,000,000,000  
Redemption price (in percent)   101.00%                
Fixed-rate Notes Issued September 2019 | Senior Notes                    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                    
Face amount     $ 5,000,000,000             $ 5,000,000,000
Redemption price (in percent)     101.00%              
Fixed-Rate Notes Issued September 2019 and May 2020 | Senior Notes                    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                    
Outstanding notes repurchased and redeemed             $ 1,600,000,000      
Notes | Senior Notes                    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                    
Outstanding aggregate principal amount       10,418,000,000 $ 9,000,000,000          
Interest expense and fees       $ 290,000,000 $ 224,000,000 $ 190,000,000        
v3.22.4
DEBT - Schedule of Outstanding Aggregate Principal Amount Related to the Notes (Details) - USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
May 31, 2022
May 23, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
May 31, 2020
May 18, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Sep. 26, 2019
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 10,418,000,000              
Total carrying amount of term debt 10,417,000,000     $ 8,049,000,000        
Senior Notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Unamortized premium (discount) and issuance costs, net (74,000,000)     (50,000,000)        
Less: current portion of term debt (418,000,000)     (999,000,000)        
Total carrying amount of term debt 9,926,000,000     7,951,000,000        
Senior Notes | Notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 10,418,000,000     9,000,000,000        
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate Notes Issued September 2019                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Face amount             $ 5,000,000,000 $ 5,000,000,000
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 2.200% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 2.20%              
Effective Interest Rate 2.39%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 0     1,000,000,000        
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 2.400% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 2.40%              
Effective Interest Rate 2.52%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 1,250,000,000     1,250,000,000        
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 2.650% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 2.65%              
Effective Interest Rate 2.78%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 1,250,000,000     1,250,000,000        
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 2.850% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 2.85%              
Effective Interest Rate 2.96%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 1,500,000,000     1,500,000,000        
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate Notes Issued May 2020                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Face amount         $ 4,000,000,000 $ 4,000,000,000    
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 1.350% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 1.35%              
Effective Interest Rate 1.55%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 418,000,000     1,000,000,000        
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 1.650% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 1.65%              
Effective Interest Rate 1.78%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 1,000,000,000     1,000,000,000        
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 2.300% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 2.30%              
Effective Interest Rate 2.39%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 1,000,000,000     1,000,000,000        
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 3.250% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 3.25%              
Effective Interest Rate 3.33%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 1,000,000,000     1,000,000,000        
Senior Notes | Fixed-Rate Notes Issued May 2022                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Face amount   $ 3,000,000,000 $ 3,000,000,000          
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 3.900% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 3.90%              
Effective Interest Rate 4.06%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 500,000,000     0        
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 4.400% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 4.40%              
Effective Interest Rate 4.53%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 1,000,000,000     0        
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 5.050% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 5.05%              
Effective Interest Rate 5.14%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 1,000,000,000     0        
Senior Notes | Fixed-rate 5.250% notes                
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                
Interest rate 5.25%              
Effective Interest Rate 5.34%              
Outstanding aggregate principal amount $ 500,000,000     $ 0        
v3.22.4
DEBT - Five-Year Revolving Credit Facility (Details) - Credit Agreement - Unsecured Debt - USD ($)
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
May 31, 2020
Mar. 31, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2022
Revolving Credit Facility          
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]          
Credit facility, term (in years)     5 years    
Maximum borrowing capacity     $ 5,000,000,000    
Increase limit     $ 2,000,000,000    
Proceeds from additional drew down on credit facility   $ 3,000,000,000      
Repayments on termination of credit facility $ 3,000,000,000        
Borrowings outstanding         $ 0
Remaining borrowing capacity         $ 5,000,000,000
Interest expense and fees       $ 16,000,000  
Revolving Credit Facility | Minimum | Eurodollar          
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]          
Basis spread on variable rate     0.875%    
Revolving Credit Facility | Minimum | Overnight Rate          
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]          
Basis spread on variable rate     0.875%    
Revolving Credit Facility | Minimum | Prime Rate, The Federal Funds Effective Rate Or London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)          
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]          
Basis spread on variable rate     0.00%    
Revolving Credit Facility | Minimum | Euro Short-Term Rate (ESTR) or Sterling Overnight Index Average (SONIA)          
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]          
Basis spread on variable rate     0.875%    
Revolving Credit Facility | Maximum | Eurodollar          
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]          
Basis spread on variable rate     1.375%    
Revolving Credit Facility | Maximum | Overnight Rate          
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]          
Basis spread on variable rate     1.375%    
Revolving Credit Facility | Maximum | Prime Rate, The Federal Funds Effective Rate Or London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)          
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]          
Basis spread on variable rate     0.375%    
Revolving Credit Facility | Maximum | Euro Short-Term Rate (ESTR) or Sterling Overnight Index Average (SONIA)          
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]          
Basis spread on variable rate     1.375%    
Letter of Credit          
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]          
Maximum borrowing capacity     $ 150,000,000    
Bridge Loan          
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]          
Maximum borrowing capacity     $ 500,000,000    
v3.22.4
DEBT - Paidy Revolving Credit Facility (Details) - Revolving Credit Facility
¥ in Millions, $ in Millions
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
JPY (¥)
Feb. 28, 2022
JPY (¥)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
JPY (¥)
Dec. 31, 2022
JPY (¥)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
JPY (¥)
Oct. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Oct. 31, 2021
JPY (¥)
Paidy Credit Agreement | Unsecured Debt                  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                  
Maximum borrowing capacity   ¥ 60,000 $ 686   ¥ 90,000        
Increase to the borrowing capacity ¥ 30,000                
Proceeds from additional drew down on credit facility     491 ¥ 64,300          
Remaining borrowing capacity     $ 195   ¥ 25,700        
Paidy Credit Agreement | Unsecured Debt | Minimum | Tokyo Interbank Offered Rate                  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                  
Basis spread on variable rate   0.40%              
Paidy Credit Agreement | Unsecured Debt | Maximum | Tokyo Interbank Offered Rate                  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                  
Basis spread on variable rate   0.60%              
Prior Credit Agreement | Secured Debt                  
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]                  
Maximum borrowing capacity               $ 198 ¥ 22,800
Borrowings outstanding           $ 98 ¥ 11,300    
v3.22.4
DEBT - Other Available Facilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Uncommitted Credit Facilities    
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]    
Maximum borrowing capacity $ 80 $ 90
v3.22.4
DEBT - Schedule of Future Principal Payments (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Future Principal Payments  
2023 $ 418
2024 1,250
2025 1,000
2026 1,250
2027 500
Thereafter 6,000
Total $ 10,418
v3.22.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - Additional Information (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Nov. 02, 2022
action
Oct. 04, 2022
action
Aug. 02, 2022
action
Jan. 19, 2022
action
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 16, 2021
action
Aug. 20, 2021
action
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Unused credit available to accountholders | $ $ 4,900         $ 4,100    
Allowance for transaction losses | $ 66         121    
Allowance for negative customer balances | $ $ 212         $ 234    
Pang v. Daniel Schulman, et al. | Pending Litigation | Unfavorable Regulatory Action                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Number of related putative shareholder derivative actions             1  
Lalor v. Daniel Schulman, et al. | Pending Litigation | Unfavorable Regulatory Action                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Number of related putative shareholder derivative actions         1      
Kang v. PayPal Holdings, Inc., et al. | Pending Litigation | Unfavorable Regulatory Action                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Number of related putative shareholder derivative actions               1
Jefferson v. Daniel Schulman, et al. | Pending Litigation | Unfavorable Regulatory Action                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Number of related putative shareholder derivative actions       1        
Defined Benefit Plan of the Mid-Jersey Trucking Industry and Teamsters Local 701 Pension and Annuity Fund v. PayPal Holdings, Inc., et al. | Pending Litigation | Unfavorable Regulatory Action                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Number of related putative shareholder derivative actions     1          
Shah v. Daniel Schulman, et al. | Pending Litigation | Unfavorable Regulatory Action                
Other Commitments [Line Items]                
Number of related putative shareholder derivative actions   1            
v3.22.4
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - Schedule of Allowance for Transaction Losses and Negative Customer Balances Related to Protection Products (Details) - Protection Programs - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Loss Contingency Accrual [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance $ 355 $ 414
Provision 1,170 1,153
Realized losses (1,417) (1,331)
Recoveries 170 119
Ending balance $ 278 $ 355
v3.22.4
STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAMS (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Jun. 30, 2022
Jul. 31, 2018
Apr. 30, 2017
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]            
Repurchases of shares of common stock, shares repurchased (in shares) 41,000,000 15,000,000 12,000,000      
Repurchases of shares of common stock, average price paid per share (in dollars per share) $ 103.47 $ 219.75 $ 136.19      
Cash paid for shares repurchased $ 4,199,000,000 $ 3,373,000,000 $ 1,635,000,000      
Repurchased shares retired during period (in shares) 0 0 0      
April 2017 Stock Repurchase Program            
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]            
Stock repurchase program, maximum authorized amount           $ 5,000,000,000
July 2018 Stock Repurchase Program            
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]            
Stock repurchase program, maximum authorized amount         $ 10,000,000,000  
Remaining amount authorized for future repurchase of common stock $ 861,000,000 $ 5,100,000,000 $ 8,400,000,000      
June 2022 Stock Repurchase Program            
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]            
Stock repurchase program, maximum authorized amount       $ 15,000,000,000    
Remaining amount authorized for future repurchase of common stock $ 15,000,000,000          
v3.22.4
STOCK-BASED AND EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS - Equity Incentive Plans (Details) - shares
shares in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
2015 Paypal Equity Incentive Award Plan    
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]    
Number of shares authorized (in shares) 47  
Number of shares available for grant (approximately) (in shares) 31  
2015 Paypal Equity Incentive Award Plan | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)    
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]    
Award vesting period 3 years 3 years
2015 Paypal Equity Incentive Award Plan | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | Vesting period 1    
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]    
Award vesting period 1 year  
Award vesting rights, percentage 33.00%  
2015 Paypal Equity Incentive Award Plan | Performance Shares | Minimum    
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]    
Award performance period 1 year  
Awards to be issued, percentage of target amount 0.00%  
2015 Paypal Equity Incentive Award Plan | Performance Shares | Maximum    
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]    
Award performance period 3 years  
Awards to be issued, percentage of target amount 200.00%  
Inducement Plan    
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]    
Number of shares authorized (in shares) 5  
Number of shares available for grant (approximately) (in shares) 3  
v3.22.4
STOCK-BASED AND EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS - Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Details) - PayPal Holdings, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan - $ / shares
shares in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Maximum duration of common stock purchasing period 2 years    
Purchase price of common stock, percent of fair market value 85.00%    
Purchase period 6 months    
Purchased number of shares under the employee stock purchase plan (in shares) 1.9 1.4 1.7
Average price of shares purchased under the employee stock purchase plan (in dollars per share) $ 73.20 $ 114.36 $ 80.36
Number of shares available for grant (approximately) (in shares) 46.0    
Minimum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Employee subscription rate 2.00%    
Maximum      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Employee subscription rate 10.00%    
v3.22.4
STOCK-BASED AND EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS - Schedule of RSUs, PBRSUs, and Restricted Stock Activity (Details)
shares in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
$ / shares
shares
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs), Performance Shares, And Restricted Stock  
Units  
Outstanding balance, beginning of period (in shares) 17,534
Awarded (in shares) 17,238
Vested (in shares) (9,930)
Forfeited/cancelled (in shares) (5,254)
Outstanding balance, end of period (in shares) 19,588
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value (per share)  
Outstanding balance, beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 172.55
Awarded (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 105.20
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 145.75
Forfeited/cancelled (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 147.81
Outstanding balance, end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 133.27
Additional Disclosures  
Expected to vest at the end of period (in shares) 17,507
Performance Shares  
Additional Disclosures  
Cancelled in period (in shares) 1,000
Performance Shares | Achievement of Company Performance Metrics  
Units  
Awarded (in shares) 500
v3.22.4
STOCK-BASED AND EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS - Schedule of RSUs, PBRSUs, and Restricted Stock Activity Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Feb. 28, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) and Performance Shares        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Aggregate intrinsic value of vested restricted stock units   $ 935 $ 3,400 $ 1,700
Performance Shares        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Cancelled in period (in shares)   1.0    
Performance Shares | Vesting period 1        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Awarded (in shares)   1.5 0.7  
Award requisite service period   1 year 1 year  
Cancelled in period (in shares)   1.0    
Performance Shares | Vesting period 1 | Subsequent Event        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Shares that will become fully vested (in shares) 0.5      
Performance Shares | Vesting period 2        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Awarded (in shares)   1.1 0.5  
Award requisite service period   3 years 3 years  
v3.22.4
STOCK-BASED AND EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS - Schedule of Stock Option Activity (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Shares      
Outstanding balance, beginning of period (in shares) 339    
Assumed (in shares) 3    
Exercised (in shares) (190)    
Forfeited/expired/canceled (in shares) (11)    
Outstanding balance, end of period (in shares) 141 339  
Weighted Average Exercise Price      
Outstanding balance, beginning of period (in dollars per share) $ 17.55    
Assumed (in dollars per share) 55.55    
Exercised (in dollars per share) 20.62    
Forfeited/expired/canceled (in dollars per share) 13.66    
Outstanding balance, end of period (in dollars per share) $ 14.56 $ 17.55  
Additional Disclosures      
Outstanding balance, end of period, weighted average remaining contractual term (years) 4 years 11 months 4 days    
Outstanding balance, end of period, aggregate intrinsic value $ 8,080    
Expected to vest (in shares) 24    
Expected to vest, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 23.89    
Expected to vest, weighted average remaining contractual term (years) 7 years 5 months 15 days    
Expected to vest, aggregate intrinsic value $ 1,172    
Options exercisable (in shares) 117    
Options exercisable, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) $ 12.60    
Options exercisable, weighted average remaining contractual term (years) 4 years 4 months 24 days    
Options exercisable, aggregate intrinsic value $ 6,875    
Weighted average grant date fair value of options granted to employees (in dollars per share) $ 147.92 $ 237.26 $ 108.61
Aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised $ 16,000 $ 81,000 $ 66,000
v3.22.4
STOCK-BASED AND EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Stock-based compensation expense $ 1,315 $ 1,421 $ 1,411
Capitalized as part of internal use software and website development costs 52 68 48
Income tax benefit recognized for stock-based compensation arrangements 209 221 226
Unearned stock-based compensation 1,400    
Customer support and operations      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Stock-based compensation expense 269 263 250
Sales and marketing      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Stock-based compensation expense 151 175 172
Technology and development      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Stock-based compensation expense 512 515 529
General and administrative      
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]      
Stock-based compensation expense $ 383 $ 468 $ 460
v3.22.4
STOCK-BASED AND EMPLOYEE SAVINGS PLANS - Employee Saving Plans (Details) - Other Postretirement Benefit Plan - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Maximum annual contributions per employee, percent of eligible compensation 50.00%    
Employer matching contribution, maximum percentage of eligible employee salary 4.00%    
Employer matching contribution, maximum annual contributions per employee $ 12,200 $ 11,600 $ 11,600
Matching contribution expense $ 83,000,000 $ 81,000,000 $ 72,000,000
v3.22.4
INCOME TAXES - Schedule of Components of Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]      
United States $ (155) $ 290 $ 1,504
International 3,521 3,809 3,561
Income before income taxes $ 3,366 $ 4,099 $ 5,065
v3.22.4
INCOME TAXES - Schedule of Income Tax Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Current:      
Federal $ 688 $ 6 $ 310
State and local 104 80 143
Foreign 966 326 245
Total current portion of income tax expense 1,758 412 698
Deferred:      
Federal (563) (401) 259
State and local (101) (45) (32)
Foreign (147) (36) (62)
Total deferred portion of income tax expense (benefit) (811) (482) 165
Income tax expense (benefit) $ 947 $ (70) $ 863
v3.22.4
INCOME TAXES - Schedule of Reconciliation of the Difference Between the Effective Income Tax Rate and the Federal Statutory Rate (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]      
Federal statutory rate 21.00% 21.00% 21.00%
Domestic income taxed at different rates (0.60%) (1.70%) 0.00%
State taxes, net of federal benefit 0.00% 0.90% 2.20%
Foreign income taxed at different rates (12.20%) (13.40%) (7.40%)
Stock-based compensation expense 4.10% (7.30%) (1.20%)
Tax credits (0.40%) (2.40%) (2.00%)
Change in valuation allowances 2.20% 0.50% 0.10%
Intra-group transfer of intellectual property 10.00% 0.70% 4.10%
Other 4.00% 0.00% 0.20%
Effective income tax rate 28.10% (1.70%) 17.00%
v3.22.4
INCOME TAXES - Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Deferred tax assets:    
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards $ 355 $ 317
Accruals, allowances, and prepaids 427 622
Lease liabilities 173 176
Partnership investment 0 5
Stock-based compensation 154 188
Net unrealized losses 151 23
Acquired intangibles 38 0
Fixed assets and other intangibles 655 84
Total deferred tax assets 1,953 1,415
Valuation allowance (341) (274)
Net deferred tax assets 1,612 1,141
Deferred tax liabilities:    
Unremitted foreign earnings (42) (35)
Acquired intangibles 0 (240)
ROU lease assets (138) (154)
Partnership investment (12) 0
Net unrealized gains (135) (351)
Total deferred tax liabilities (327) (780)
Net deferred tax assets $ 1,285 $ 361
v3.22.4
INCOME TAXES - Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities by Balance Sheet Location (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Deferred Tax [Line Items]    
Total deferred tax assets (non-current) $ 1,612 $ 1,141
Total deferred tax liabilities (non-current) (327) (780)
Net deferred tax assets 1,285 361
Other assets    
Deferred Tax [Line Items]    
Total deferred tax assets (non-current) 1,310 547
Net deferred tax assets 1,285 361
Deferred tax liability and other long-term liabilities    
Deferred Tax [Line Items]    
Total deferred tax liabilities (non-current) $ (25) $ (186)
v3.22.4
INCOME TAXES - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Valuation allowance, deferred tax asset, increase (decrease), amount $ 67 $ 108 $ (18)
Indefinitely reinvested foreign earnings 11,000    
Accrued income taxes 42    
Income tax savings $ 510 $ 327 $ 596
Benefit of tax rulings on net income per share (in dollars per share) $ 0.44 $ 0.28 $ 0.50
Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate, if realized $ 1,200    
Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions recognized in income tax expense 119 $ 6 $ 40
Interest and penalties accrued 342 212  
Accrued interest receivable 65 $ 36  
Federal      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Net operating loss carryforwards 6    
Tax credit carryforward 24    
State      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Net operating loss carryforwards 156    
Tax credit carryforward 374    
State | No Expiration Date      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Tax credit carryforward 317    
State | Expiring from 2023 through 2028      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Tax credit carryforward 49    
State | Expiring in 2028      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Tax credit carryforward 8    
Foreign      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Net operating loss carryforwards 634    
Foreign | Expiring in 2024      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Net operating loss carryforwards 197    
Foreign | Expiring in 2034      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Net operating loss carryforwards 191    
Foreign | No Expiration Date      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Net operating loss carryforwards $ 246    
v3.22.4
IINCOME TAXES - Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits      
Gross amounts of unrecognized tax benefits as of the beginning of the period $ 1,678 $ 1,479 $ 1,141
Increases related to prior period tax positions 52 172 92
Decreases related to prior period tax positions (185) (187) (78)
Increases related to current period tax positions 337 232 360
Settlements (2) (15) (34)
Statute of limitation expirations (3) (3) (2)
Gross amounts of unrecognized tax benefits as of the end of the period $ 1,877 $ 1,678 $ 1,479
v3.22.4
RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]      
Restructuring expenses $ 121 $ 27 $ 109
Asset impairment charges $ 81 $ 26 $ 30
v3.22.4
RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES - Summary of Restructuring Reserve Activity (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Restructuring Reserve      
Restructuring liability, beginning balance $ 5    
Charges 121 $ 27 $ 109
Payments (102)    
Restructuring liability, ending balance $ 24 $ 5  
v3.22.4
Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Subsequent Event [Line Items]        
Employee severance and benefit costs   $ 121.0 $ 27.0 $ 109.0
Subsequent Event | Workforce Reduction        
Subsequent Event [Line Items]        
Number of positions eliminated, period percent 7.00%      
Employee severance and benefit costs $ 100.0      
v3.22.4
Schedule II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Allowance for Transaction Losses and Negative Customer Balances      
Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves      
Balance at Beginning of Period $ 355 $ 414 $ 399
Charged/ (Credited) to Net Income 1,170 1,153 1,135
Charged to Other Accounts 0 0 0
Charges Utilized/ (Write-offs) (1,247) (1,212) (1,120)
Balance at End of Period 278 355 414
Allowance for Loans and Interest Receivable      
Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves      
Balance at Beginning of Period 491 838 258
Charged/ (Credited) to Net Income 437 (104) 689
Charged to Other Accounts 0 0 210
Charges Utilized/ (Write-offs) (330) (243) (319)
Balance at End of Period $ 598 $ 491 $ 838
v3.22.4
Label Element Value
Accounting Standards Update [Extensible Enumeration] us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdateExtensibleList Accounting Standards Update 2016-13 [Member]