MERCHANTS BANCORP, 10-Q filed on 11/7/2025
Quarterly Report
v3.25.3
Document and Entity Information - shares
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Oct. 31, 2025
Document Information    
Document Type 10-Q  
Document Quarterly Report true  
Document Period End Date Sep. 30, 2025  
Document Transition Report false  
Securities Act File Number 001-38258  
Entity Registrant Name MERCHANTS BANCORP  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code IN  
Entity Tax Identification Number 20-5747400  
Entity Address, Address Line One 410 Monon Blvd  
Entity Address, City or Town Carmel  
Entity Address, State or Province IN  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 46032  
City Area Code 317  
Local Phone Number 569-7420  
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes  
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes  
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer  
Entity Small Business false  
Entity Emerging Growth Company false  
Entity Shell Company false  
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   45,889,238
Entity Central Index Key 0001629019  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2025  
Document Fiscal Period Focus Q3  
Amendment Flag false  
Common Class A    
Document Information    
Title of 12(b) Security Common Stock, without par value  
Trading Symbol MBIN  
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ  
Series C Preferred Stock    
Document Information    
Title of 12(b) Security Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of Series C Preferred Stock, without par value  
Trading Symbol MBINN  
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ  
Series D Preferred Stock    
Document Information    
Title of 12(b) Security Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of Series D Preferred Stock, without par value  
Trading Symbol MBINM  
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ  
Series E Preferred Stock    
Document Information    
Title of 12(b) Security Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of Series E Preferred Stock, without par value  
Trading Symbol MBINL  
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ  
v3.25.3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Assets    
Cash and due from banks $ 11,566 $ 10,989 [1]
Interest-earning demand accounts 586,470 465,621 [1]
Cash and cash equivalents 598,036 476,610 [1]
Securities purchased under agreements to resell 1,529 1,559 [1]
Mortgage loans in process of securitization 414,786 428,206 [1]
Securities available for sale ($591,379 and $635,946 utilizing fair value option, respectively) 885,070 980,050 [1]
Securities held to maturity (fair value of $1,670,306 and $1,664,674, respectively) 1,670,555 1,664,686 [1]
Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock and other equity securities 217,850 217,804 [1]
Loans held for sale (includes $112,832 and $78,170 at fair value, respectively) 4,129,329 3,771,510 [1]
Loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses on loans of $93,330 and $84,386, respectively 10,515,221 10,354,002 [1]
Premises and equipment, net 75,148 58,617 [1]
Servicing rights 213,156 189,935 [1]
Interest receivable 82,445 83,409 [1]
Goodwill 8,014 8,014 [1]
Other assets and receivables 543,508 571,330 [1]
Total assets 19,354,647 18,805,732 [1]
Deposits    
Noninterest-bearing 399,814 239,005 [1]
Interest-bearing 13,534,891 11,680,971 [1]
Total deposits 13,934,705 11,919,976 [1]
Borrowings 2,902,631 4,386,122 [1]
Deferred tax liabilities 28,973 25,289 [1]
Other liabilities 262,904 231,035 [1]
Total liabilities 17,129,213 16,562,422 [1]
Commitments and Contingencies [1]
Shareholders' Equity    
Common stock, without par value Authorized - 75,000,000 shares, Issued and outstanding - 45,889,238 shares at September 30, 2025 and 45,767,166 shares at December 31, 2024 242,371 240,313 [1]
Retained earnings 1,431,983 1,330,995 [1]
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (211) (133) [1]
Total shareholders' equity 2,225,434 2,243,310 [1]
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 19,354,647 18,805,732 [1]
6% Series B Preferred Stock    
Shareholders' Equity    
Preferred stock [1]   120,844
6% Series C Preferred Stock    
Shareholders' Equity    
Preferred stock 191,084 191,084 [1]
8.25% Series D Preferred Stock    
Shareholders' Equity    
Preferred stock 137,459 137,459 [1]
7.625% Series E Preferred Stock    
Shareholders' Equity    
Preferred stock $ 222,748 $ 222,748 [1]
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Securities available for sale $ 591,379 $ 635,946
Securities held to maturity, fair value 1,670,306 1,664,674
Loans held for sale at fair value 112,832 78,170
Net of allowance for credit losses on loans $ 93,330 $ 84,386
Stockholders' Equity    
Common stock, shares authorized 75,000,000 75,000,000
Common stock, shares issued 45,889,238 45,767,166
Common stock, shares outstanding 45,889,238 45,767,166
Preferred stock, shares authorized 5,000,000 5,000,000
6% Series B Preferred Stock    
Stockholders' Equity    
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent) 6.00% 6.00%
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) $ 1,000 $ 1,000
Preferred stock, shares authorized 0 125,000
Preferred stock, shares issued 0 125,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding 0 125,000
Depositary shares   5,000,000
6% Series C Preferred Stock    
Stockholders' Equity    
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent) 6.00% 6.00%
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) $ 1,000 $ 1,000
Preferred stock, shares authorized 200,000 200,000
Preferred stock, shares issued 196,181 196,181
Preferred stock, shares outstanding 196,181 196,181
Depositary shares 7,847,233 7,847,233
8.25% Series D Preferred Stock    
Stockholders' Equity    
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent) 8.25% 8.25%
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) $ 1,000 $ 1,000
Preferred stock, shares authorized 300,000 300,000
Preferred stock, shares issued 142,500 142,500
Preferred stock, shares outstanding 142,500 142,500
Depositary shares 5,700,000 5,700,000
7.625% Series E Preferred Stock    
Stockholders' Equity    
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent) 7.625% 7.625%
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) $ 1,000 $ 1,000
Preferred stock, shares authorized 230,000 230,000
Preferred stock, shares issued 230,000 230,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding 230,000 230,000
Depositary shares 9,200,000 9,200,000
v3.25.3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Interest Income        
Loans $ 254,101,000 $ 290,259,000 $ 749,022,000 $ 846,678,000
Mortgage loans in process of securitization 5,308,000 4,062,000 14,355,000 8,826,000
Investment securities:        
Available for sale 11,880,000 14,855,000 36,333,000 44,027,000
Held to maturity 22,427,000 22,081,000 69,951,000 62,402,000
FHLB stock and other equity securities (dividends) 4,265,000 3,128,000 13,278,000 5,249,000
Other 3,798,000 4,543,000 10,443,000 14,192,000
Total interest income 301,779,000 338,928,000 893,382,000 981,374,000
Interest Expense        
Deposits 139,744,000 165,675,000 395,060,000 516,348,000
Short-term borrowings 25,926,000 31,601,000 96,271,000 50,435,000
Long-term borrowings 8,051,000 8,831,000 23,078,000 26,595,000
Total interest expense 173,721,000 206,107,000 514,409,000 593,378,000
Net Interest Income 128,058,000 132,821,000 378,973,000 387,996,000
Provision for credit losses 29,239,000 6,898,000 89,993,000 21,589,000
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses 98,819,000 125,923,000 288,980,000 366,407,000
Noninterest Income        
Gain on sale of loans 24,671,000 16,731,000 59,632,000 37,255,000
Loan servicing fees, net 7,986,000 (1,509,000) 18,134,000 28,720,000
Mortgage warehouse fees 1,736,000 1,620,000 5,288,000 4,126,000
Losses on sale of investments available for sale (includes $0, $0, $0 and $(108), respectively, related to accumulated other comprehensive loss reclassifications)       (108,000)
Syndication and asset management fees 4,864,000 1,834,000 17,960,000 10,370,000
Other income 3,757,000 (1,934,000) 16,173,000 8,604,000
Total noninterest income 43,014,000 16,742,000 117,187,000 88,967,000
Noninterest Expense        
Salaries and employee benefits 44,152,000 35,218,000 124,137,000 93,187,000
Loan expense 1,263,000 1,114,000 3,203,000 3,063,000
Occupancy and equipment 2,453,000 2,231,000 7,298,000 6,707,000
Professional fees 3,371,000 3,439,000 9,424,000 11,094,000
Deposit insurance expense 9,376,000 8,981,000 23,756,000 19,685,000
Technology expense 2,608,000 2,068,000 7,428,000 5,781,000
Credit risk transfer premium expense 4,194,000 2,079,000 12,823,000 4,373,000
Other expense 9,833,000 6,188,000 28,182,000 16,720,000
Total noninterest expense 77,250,000 61,318,000 216,251,000 160,610,000
Income Before Income Taxes 64,583,000 81,347,000 189,916,000 294,764,000
Provision for income taxes (includes $0, $0, $0 and $26, respectively, of income tax benefit related to accumulated other comprehensive loss reclassifications) 9,882,000 20,074,000 38,995,000 70,044,000
Net Income 54,701,000 61,273,000 150,921,000 224,720,000
Dividends on preferred stock (10,265,000) (7,757,000) (30,796,000) (24,181,000)
Impact of preferred stock redemption     (5,371,000) (1,823,000)
Net Income Allocated to Common Shareholders $ 44,436,000 $ 53,516,000 $ 114,754,000 $ 198,716,000
Basic Earnings Per Share (in dollars per share) $ 0.97 $ 1.17 $ 2.5 $ 4.46
Diluted Earnings Per Share (in dollars per share) $ 0.97 $ 1.17 $ 2.5 $ 4.45
Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding        
Basic (in shares) 45,887,143 45,759,667 45,865,167 44,549,432
Diluted (in shares) 45,950,216 45,910,052 45,931,518 44,696,107
v3.25.3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)        
Reclassifications included in gain (loss) on sale of investment available for sale $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ (108)
Provision for income taxes related to income tax expense for reclassification items $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 26
v3.25.3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)        
Net Income $ 54,701 $ 61,273 $ 150,921 $ 224,720
Other Comprehensive Income:        
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available for sale, net of tax (expense) benefit of $(11), $(191), $25 and $(784), respectively 36 606 (78) 2,502
Add: Reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income, net of tax benefit of $0, $0, $0 and $26, respectively       82
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period 36 606 (78) 2,584
Comprehensive Income $ 54,737 $ 61,879 $ 150,843 $ 227,304
v3.25.3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)        
Net of tax expense/(benefit) on net change in unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities available for sale $ (11) $ (191) $ 25 $ (784)
Net of tax expense/(benefit) on reclassification adjustment for gains include in net income $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 26
v3.25.3
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Common stock
Preferred stock
7% Series A Preferred Stock
Preferred stock
6% Series B Preferred Stock
Preferred stock
6% Series C Preferred Stock
Preferred stock
8.25% Series D Preferred Stock
Preferred stock
7.625% Series E Preferred Stock
Retained Earnings
7% Series A Preferred Stock
Retained Earnings
6% Series B Preferred Stock
Retained Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Total
Balance beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2023 $ 140,365 $ 50,221 $ 120,844 $ 191,084 $ 137,459       $ 1,063,599 $ (2,488)  
Balance beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 43,242,928 2,081,800 125,000 196,181 142,500            
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity                      
Distribution to employee stock ownership plan $ 997                    
Distribution to employee stock ownership plan (in shares) 23,414                    
Issuance of common stock, net of $5.5 million in offering expenses $ 97,655                    
Issuance of common stock, net of $5.5 million in offering expenses (in shares) 2,400,000                    
Shares issued for stock compensation plans, net of taxes withheld to satisfy tax obligations $ 431                    
Shares issued for stock compensation plans, net of taxes withheld to satisfy tax obligations (in shares) 97,681                    
Net Income                 224,720   $ 224,720
Dividends on 7% Series A preferred stock, $1.75 per share, annually                 (910)    
Dividends on 6% Series B preferred stock, $60.00 per share, annually                 (5,625)    
Dividends on 6% Series C preferred stock, $60.00 per share, annually                 (8,829)    
Dividends on 8.25% Series D preferred stock, $82.50 per share, annually                 (8,817)    
Dividends on common stock, $0.40 per share, annually in 2025 and $0.36 per share, annually in 2024                 (12,139)    
Redemption of preferred stock   $ (50,221)         $ (1,823)        
Redemption of preferred stock (in shares)   (2,081,800)                  
Other comprehensive (loss) income                   2,584 2,584
Balance end of period at Sep. 30, 2024 $ 239,448   $ 120,844 $ 191,084 $ 137,459       1,250,176 96 1,939,107
Balance end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024 45,764,023   125,000 196,181 142,500            
Balance beginning of period at Jun. 30, 2024 $ 238,492   $ 120,844 $ 191,084 $ 137,459       1,200,778 (510)  
Balance beginning of period (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024 45,757,567   125,000 196,181 142,500            
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity                      
Shares issued for stock compensation plans, net of taxes withheld to satisfy tax obligations $ 956                    
Shares issued for stock compensation plans, net of taxes withheld to satisfy tax obligations (in shares) 6,456                    
Net Income                 61,273   61,273
Dividends on 6% Series B preferred stock, $60.00 per share, annually                 (1,875)    
Dividends on 6% Series C preferred stock, $60.00 per share, annually                 (2,943)    
Dividends on 8.25% Series D preferred stock, $82.50 per share, annually                 (2,939)    
Dividends on common stock, $0.40 per share, annually in 2025 and $0.36 per share, annually in 2024                 (4,118)    
Other comprehensive (loss) income                   606 606
Balance end of period at Sep. 30, 2024 $ 239,448   $ 120,844 $ 191,084 $ 137,459       1,250,176 96 1,939,107
Balance end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024 45,764,023   125,000 196,181 142,500            
Balance beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2024 $ 240,313   $ 120,844 $ 191,084 $ 137,459 $ 222,748     1,330,995 (133) 2,243,310 [1]
Balance beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024 45,767,166   125,000 196,181 142,500 230,000          
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity                      
Distribution to employee stock ownership plan $ 1,124                    
Distribution to employee stock ownership plan (in shares) 30,802                    
Shares issued for stock compensation plans, net of taxes withheld to satisfy tax obligations $ 934                    
Shares issued for stock compensation plans, net of taxes withheld to satisfy tax obligations (in shares) 91,270                    
Net Income                 150,921   150,921
Dividends on 6% Series C preferred stock, $60.00 per share, annually                 (8,828)    
Dividends on 8.25% Series D preferred stock, $82.50 per share, annually                 (8,817)    
Dividends on 7.625% Series E preferred stock, $76.25 per share, annually                 (13,151)    
Dividends on common stock, $0.40 per share, annually in 2025 and $0.36 per share, annually in 2024                 (13,766)    
Redemption of preferred stock     $ (120,844)         $ (4,156)      
Redemption of preferred stock (in shares)     (125,000)                
Excise tax on preferred stock redemption                 (1,215)   (1,200)
Other comprehensive (loss) income                   (78) (78)
Balance end of period at Sep. 30, 2025 $ 242,371     $ 191,084 $ 137,459 $ 222,748     1,431,983 (211) 2,225,434
Balance end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2025 45,889,238     196,181 142,500 230,000          
Balance beginning of period at Jun. 30, 2025 $ 241,452     $ 191,084 $ 137,459 $ 222,748     1,392,136 (247)  
Balance beginning of period (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2025 45,885,458     196,181 142,500 230,000          
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity                      
Shares issued for stock compensation plans, net of taxes withheld to satisfy tax obligations $ 919                    
Shares issued for stock compensation plans, net of taxes withheld to satisfy tax obligations (in shares) 3,780                    
Net Income                 54,701   54,701
Dividends on 6% Series C preferred stock, $60.00 per share, annually                 (2,942)    
Dividends on 8.25% Series D preferred stock, $82.50 per share, annually                 (2,939)    
Dividends on 7.625% Series E preferred stock, $76.25 per share, annually                 (4,384)    
Dividends on common stock, $0.40 per share, annually in 2025 and $0.36 per share, annually in 2024                 (4,589)    
Other comprehensive (loss) income                   36 36
Balance end of period at Sep. 30, 2025 $ 242,371     $ 191,084 $ 137,459 $ 222,748     $ 1,431,983 $ (211) $ 2,225,434
Balance end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2025 45,889,238     196,181 142,500 230,000          
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Dividends on common stock per share $ 0.4 $ 0.36 $ 0.4 $ 0.36  
Offering expenses $ 5,500,000 $ 5,500,000 $ 5,500,000 $ 5,500,000  
7% Series A Preferred Stock          
Dividends on preferred stock per share $ 1.75 $ 1.75 $ 1.75 $ 1.75  
7% Series A Preferred Stock | Preferred stock          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent) 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00%  
6% Series B Preferred Stock          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)     6.00%   6.00%
Dividends on preferred stock per share $ 60 $ 60 $ 60 $ 60  
6% Series B Preferred Stock | Preferred stock          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent) 6.00% 6.00% 6.00% 6.00%  
6% Series C Preferred Stock          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)     6.00%   6.00%
Dividends on preferred stock per share $ 60 $ 60 $ 60 $ 60  
6% Series C Preferred Stock | Preferred stock          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent) 6.00% 6.00% 6.00% 6.00%  
8.25% Series D Preferred Stock          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)     8.25%   8.25%
Dividends on preferred stock per share $ 82.5 $ 82.5 $ 82.5 $ 82.5  
8.25% Series D Preferred Stock | Preferred stock          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent) 8.25% 8.25% 8.25% 8.25%  
7.625% Series E Preferred Stock          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)     7.625%   7.625%
Dividends on preferred stock per share $ 76.25 $ 76.25 $ 76.25 $ 76.25  
7.625% Series E Preferred Stock | Preferred stock          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent) 7.625% 7.625% 7.625% 7.625%  
v3.25.3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Operating activities:    
Net Income $ 150,921 $ 224,720
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:    
Depreciation 2,305 2,254
Provision for credit losses 89,993 21,589
Loss on sale of securities   108
Gain on sale of loans (59,632) (37,255)
Proceeds from sales of loans 30,313,269 20,431,500
Loans and participations originated and purchased for sale (30,418,390) (21,133,175)
Proceeds from sale of low-income housing tax credits 3,106 53,043
Purchases of low-income housing tax credits for sale (42,736) (56,006)
Change in servicing rights for paydowns and fair value adjustments 5,877 (5,573)
Net change in:    
Mortgage loans in process of securitization 13,420 (320,367)
Other assets and receivables (30,791) (16,512)
Other liabilities 20,600 7,647
Other 8,709 2,726
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 56,651 (825,301)
Investing activities:    
Net change in securities purchased under agreements to resell 30 70
Purchases of securities available for sale (544,282) (501,610)
Purchases of securities held to maturity (259,580) (155,268)
Purchases of equity securities   (30,000)
Purchases of mortgage servicing rights (12,928)  
Proceeds from the sale of securities available for sale 0 9,983
Proceeds from calls, maturities and paydowns of securities available for sale 649,948 663,756
Proceeds from calls, maturities and paydowns of securities held to maturity 253,852 139,045
Purchases of loans (50,071) (84,963)
Net change in loans receivable (599,152) (646,304)
Proceeds from loans held for sale previously classified as loans receivable 386,604 70,431
Purchase of FHLB stock (46) (105,866)
Proceeds from sale of FHLB stock   394
Purchases of premises and equipment (17,139) (12,116)
Purchase of limited partnership interests (19,604) (13,009)
Net cash paid on sale of branches   (170,594)
Other investing activities 4,012 5,288
Net cash used in investing activities (208,356) (830,763)
Financing activities:    
Net change in deposits 1,802,482 (939,738)
Proceeds from borrowings 216,447,587 108,976,878
Repayment of borrowings (217,921,771) (106,356,226)
Proceeds from notes payable   6,878
Proceeds from issuance of common stock   97,655
Payment of credit linked notes (10,605) (23,535)
Repurchase of preferred stock   (52,044)
Dividends (44,562) (36,320)
Net cash provided by financing activities 273,131 1,673,548
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents 121,426 17,484
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period 476,610 [1] 584,422
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period 598,036 601,906
Supplemental Cash Flows Information:    
Interest paid 516,161 582,091
Income taxes paid, net of refunds 47,731 58,763
Reduction in commitment payable for limited partnership interest of LLCs 2,752  
Liabilities accrued for additions in premises and equipment 1,714 $ 2,436
Liabilities accrued for excise tax on preferred stock repurchase 1,215  
Change in prepaid assets for preferred stock repurchase $ 125,000  
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Basis of Presentation
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Basis of Presentation  
Basis of Presentation

Note 1:   Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Merchants Bancorp, a registered bank holding company (the “Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Merchants Bank, FMBI (whose branches were sold to unaffiliated third parties and its remaining charter collapsed into Merchants Bank on January 26, 2024), and MAM. Merchants Bank’s primary operating subsidiaries include MCC, MCS, and MCI. All directly and indirectly owned subsidiaries of Merchants Bancorp are collectively referred to as the “Company”.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2024, which has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements, and unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of September 30, 2025 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, were prepared in accordance with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X and, therefore, do not include all of the information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with GAAP. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 in its Annual Report on Form 10-K. Reference is made to the accounting policies of the Company described in the Notes to the Financial Statements contained in the Annual Report on Form 10-K.

All adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature and are in the opinion of management necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods reported, have been included in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. All interim amounts have not been audited and the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, herein are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the entire year.

Principles of Consolidation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the period ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 include results from the Company, and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Merchants Bank, FMBI (until its branches were sold and its bank charter merged into Merchants Bank on January 26, 2024), and MAM. Also included are Merchants Bank’s primary operating subsidiaries, MCC, MCS, and MCI, as well as all direct and indirectly owned subsidiaries owned by Merchants Bancorp.

The results of Merchants Foundation, Inc., a nonprofit corporation, are consolidated with the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in all periods presented.

In addition, when the Company makes an equity investment in or has a relationship with an entity for which it holds a variable interest, it is evaluated for consolidation requirements under ASC Topic 810. Accordingly, the Company assesses the entities for potential consolidation as a VIE and would only consolidate those entities for which it is the primary beneficiary. A primary beneficiary is defined as the party that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity, and an interest that could be significant to the entity. To determine if an interest could be significant to the entity, both qualitative and quantitative factors regarding the nature, size and form of the Company’s involvement with the entity are evaluated. Alternatively, under the voting interest model, it would only consolidate those entities for which it has a controlling interest.

The Company holds a variable interest in an investment for which it is the primary beneficiary, and its results have been consolidated in all periods presented. The investment is recorded on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets in other assets and the significant liabilities in borrowings. Additionally, the Company has certain variable interest investments that it was deemed not to be the primary beneficiary of as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. These VIEs are not consolidated and the equity method or proportional amortization method of accounting has been applied. The Company will analyze whether the primary beneficiary designation has changed through triggering events on a prospective basis. Changes in facts and circumstances occurring since the previous

primary beneficiary determination will be considered as part of this ongoing assessment. See Note 8: Variable Interest Entities (VIEs) for additional information about VIEs.

All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses on loans and fair values of servicing rights and financial instruments.

Significant Accounting Policies

The significant accounting policies followed by the Company for interim financial reporting are consistent with the accounting policies followed for annual financial reporting. For additional information regarding significant accounting policies, see the Company’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10–K.

Restricted Cash

Included in cash equivalents is an account restricted as collateral for the potential risk of loss on senior credit linked notes issued by the Company in March 2023. The balance of the notes as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $76.9 million and $87.6 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was $83.8 million and $33.5 million, respectively, in restricted cash held in a separate account included in the total of interest-earning demand accounts on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Also see Note 10: Borrowings.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2024 unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statement presentation as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. These reclassifications had no effect on net income.

Other

The Company and its subsidiaries can be parties to various claims and proceedings arising in the normal course of business. Management, after consultation with legal counsel, believes that the contingent liabilities, if any, arising from such proceedings and claims will not be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The Company continually monitors for potential accounting standards updates and SEC releases. The following updates and releases have been deemed to have the most applicability to the Company’s financial statements:

FASB ASU 2023-09 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures

In December 2023, the FASB issued an ASU that will require a public business entity’s disclosures to include an enhanced tabular tax rate reconciliation. The update will also require all public entities disclose income tax expense

and taxes paid broken down by federal, state, and foreign with a disaggregation for jurisdictions that exceed 5% of income for taxes paid.

The updates in ASU 2023-09 are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. An entity shall apply the ASU on a prospective basis to financial statements for annual periods beginning after the effective date. The Company does not expect it to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

FASB ASU 2024-03 - Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses

In November 2024, the FASB issued an ASU which is intended to provide more detailed information about specified categories of expenses (purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation and amortization) included in certain expense captions presented on the face of our consolidated statements of income.

The updates in ASU 2024-03 are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. An entity may apply the ASU on a prospective basis to financial statements for annual periods beginning after the effective date. The Company is continuing to evaluate the impact of adopting this new guidance.

v3.25.3
Investment Securities
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Investment Securities  
Investment Securities

Note 2:   Investment Securities

The amortized cost and approximate fair values, together with gross unrealized gains and losses, of securities available for sale and held to maturity were as follows:

September 30, 2025

Gross

Gross

Amortized

Unrealized

Unrealized

Fair

    

Cost

    

Gains

    

Losses

    

Value

(In thousands)

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Treasury notes

$

30,578

$

22

$

$

30,600

Federal Agencies

 

259,819

 

4

 

296

 

259,527

Mortgage-backed - Government Agency (2) - multi-family

3,571

7

3,564

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - residential - fair value option (1)

399,567

399,567

Mortgage-backed - Agency - residential - fair value option (1)

191,812

191,812

Total securities available for sale

$

885,347

$

26

$

303

$

885,070

Securities held to maturity:

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - multi-family

$

460,623

$

$

1,154

$

459,469

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - residential

733,208

1,677

104

734,781

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - healthcare

464,997

5

464,992

Mortgage-backed - Agency - multi-family

11,727

663

11,064

Total securities held to maturity

$

1,670,555

$

1,677

$

1,926

$

1,670,306

FHLB and other equity securities (3)

$

217,850

(1)Fair value option securities represent securities which the Company has elected to carry at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized in earnings as they occur.
(2)Agency includes government sponsored entities, such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Ginnie Mae, FHLB and FCB.
(3)The Company reports the carrying value utilizing the measurement alternative election, reflecting any impairments or other adjustments if observable price changes occur for identical or similar investments of the same issuer.

December 31, 2024

Gross

Gross

Amortized

Unrealized

Unrealized

Fair

    

Cost

    

Gains

    

Losses

    

Value

(In thousands)

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Treasury notes

$

89,898

$

108

$

$

90,006

Federal Agencies

 

253,218

 

 

282

 

252,936

Mortgage-backed - Government Agency (2) - multi-family

1,162

1,162

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - residential - fair value option (1)

430,779

430,779

Mortgage-backed - Agency - residential - fair value option (1)

205,167

205,167

Total securities available for sale

$

980,224

$

108

$

282

$

980,050

Securities held to maturity:

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - multi-family

$

592,053

$

$

1,162

$

590,891

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - residential

526,242

1,871

75

528,038

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - healthcare

534,538

374

534,912

Mortgage-backed - Agency - multi-family

11,853

1,020

10,833

Total securities held to maturity

$

1,664,686

$

2,245

$

2,257

$

1,664,674

FHLB and other equity securities (3)

$

217,804

(1)Fair value option securities represent securities which the Company has elected to carry at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized in earnings as they occur.
(2)Agency includes government sponsored entities, such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Ginnie Mae, FHLB, and FCB.

(3)

The Company reports the carrying value utilizing the measurement alternative election, reflecting any impairments or other adjustments if observable price changes occur for identical or similar investments of the same issuer.

Accrued interest on securities available for sale totaled $4.7 million at September 30, 2025 and $4.9 million at December 31, 2024, and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

Accrued interest on securities held to maturity totaled $5.6 million at September 30, 2025 and $5.8 million at December 31, 2024, and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

The amortized cost and fair value of securities available for sale at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers

may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately.

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

Amortized

Fair

Amortized

Fair

    

Cost

    

Value

    

Cost

    

Value

(In thousands)

Securities available for sale:

Within one year

$

55,397

$

55,422

$

89,898

$

90,006

After one through five years

 

235,000

 

234,705

 

253,218

 

252,936

 

290,397

 

290,127

 

343,116

 

342,942

Mortgage-backed - Agency - multi-family

3,571

3,564

1,162

1,162

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential - fair value option

399,567

399,567

430,779

430,779

Mortgage-backed - Agency - residential - fair value option

191,812

191,812

205,167

205,167

$

885,347

$

885,070

$

980,224

$

980,050

Securities held to maturity:

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - multi-family

$

460,623

$

459,469

$

592,053

$

590,891

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - residential

733,208

734,781

526,242

528,038

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - healthcare

464,997

464,992

534,538

534,912

Mortgage-backed - Agency - multi-family

11,727

11,064

 

11,853

 

10,833

$

1,670,555

$

1,670,306

$

1,664,686

$

1,664,674

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, no securities available for sale were sold. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, no securities available for sale were sold. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company received proceeds of $10.0 million and recognized a net loss of $108,000 from sales of securities available for sale, which consisted of $10,000 in gains and $118,000 of losses.

The following tables show the Company’s gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s investment securities with unrealized losses for which an ACL has not been recorded, aggregated by investment class and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

September 30, 2025

12 Months or

Less than 12 Months

 Longer

Total

Gross

Gross

Gross

Fair

Unrealized

Fair

Unrealized

Fair

Unrealized

    

Value

    

Losses

    

Value

    

Losses

    

Value

    

Losses

(In thousands)

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Federal Agencies

$

234,704

$

296

$

$

$

234,704

$

296

Mortgage-backed - Agency

3,564

7

3,564

7

$

238,268

$

303

$

$

$

238,268

$

303

December 31, 2024

12 Months or

Less than 12 Months

Longer

Total

    

    

Gross

    

    

Gross

    

    

Gross

Fair

Unrealized

Fair

Unrealized

Fair

Unrealized

Value

Losses

Value

Losses

Value

Losses

(In thousands)

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Federal Agencies

$

252,936

$

282

$

$

$

252,936

$

282

Allowance for Credit Losses

For securities available for sale with an unrealized loss position, the Company evaluates the securities to determine whether the decline in the fair value below the amortized cost basis is due to credit-related factors or noncredit-related factors. Any expected loss that is not credit-related is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax. Credit-related expected losses are recognized as an ACL for securities available for sale on the balance sheet, limited to the amount by which the amortized cost basis exceeds the fair value, with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. Accrued interest receivable is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. Both the ACL and the adjustment to net income may be reversed if conditions change. However, if the Company expects, or is required, to sell a security available for sale before recovering its amortized cost basis, the entire expected credit loss amount would be recognized in earnings with a corresponding adjustment to the security’s amortized cost basis. Because the security’s amortized cost basis is adjusted to fair value, there is no ACL in this situation.

In evaluating securities available for sale in unrealized loss positions for credit losses and the criteria regarding its intent or requirement to sell such securities, the Company considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, and the results of reviews of the issuers’ financial condition, among other factors. Unrealized losses on the Company’s investment securities portfolio have not been recognized as an expense because the securities are of high credit quality, and the decline in fair values is attributable to changes in the prevailing interest rate environment since the purchase date. Fair value is expected to recover as securities reach maturity and/or the interest rate environment returns to conditions similar to when these securities were purchased. There were no credit-related factors underlying unrealized losses on available for sale debt securities at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Securities held to maturity are primarily comprised of non-Agency mortgage-backed senior securities secured by multi-family, single-family or healthcare properties, and agency mortgage-backed securities secured by multi-family properties. The agency securities held to maturity are Ginnie Mae mortgage-backed securities and backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government and have an implicit or explicit government guarantee. Accordingly, no allowance for credit losses has been recorded for these securities.

For non-Agency mortgage-backed senior securities, qualitative factors are evaluated, including the timeliness of principal and interest payments under the contractual terms of the securities, as well as the investment ratings assigned to the securities by third parties and their qualification to be pledged to FHLB as collateral. In the event credit stress in the underlying loans is identified in any single security, risk grades and collateral values are evaluated to determine whether the bank has exposure to credit losses.

The Company has a held to maturity mortgage-backed security with an amortized cost value of $460.6 million and fair value of $459.5 million at September 30, 2025, acquired via a mortgage securitization transaction facilitated by the Company, which has experienced delinquencies in some of the underlying loans. As of September 30, 2025, 24% of the portfolio was delinquent. The underlying loans in the securitization have an average loan-to-value ratio of 63%. Additionally, the security is a senior tranche that has credit protection from the first 15.9% of losses. The Company continues to receive timely interest payments on this security, which is current as of September 30, 2025. The Company is not expected to have credit losses based on the loan-to-value of the underlying loans, its credit protection and expected cash flows. However, given the delinquencies on some of the underlying loans, the Company has classified the security

as Special Mention as of September 30, 2025. All other securities held to maturity were classified as Pass as of September 30, 2025. All securities held to maturity were classified as Pass as of December 31, 2024. No allowance for credit losses were recorded for this, or any other non-agency security, as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

v3.25.3
Mortgage Loans in Process of Securitization
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Mortgage Loans in Process of Securitization  
Mortgage Loans in Process of Securitization

Note 3:   Mortgage Loans in Process of Securitization

Mortgage loans in process of securitization are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. These include multi-family rental real estate loan originations to be sold as Ginnie Mae mortgage-backed securities and Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac participation certificates, all of which are pending settlement under firm investor commitments to purchase the securities, typically occurring within 30 days. The aggregate positive fair value adjustment recorded in mortgage loans in process of securitization was $3.9 million and $4.1 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

v3.25.3
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans  
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

Note 4:   Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at amortized cost at their outstanding principal balances adjusted for unearned income, charge-offs, the ACL-Loans, any unamortized deferred fees or costs on originated loans, and unamortized premiums or discounts on purchased loans.

For loans at amortized cost, interest income is accrued based on the unpaid principal balance.

The Company has made a policy election to exclude accrued interest from the amortized cost basis of loans and reports accrued interest separately from the related loan balance on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Accrued interest on loans totaled $49.5 million and $51.9 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

The Company also elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivables. The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days past due unless the credit is well-secured and in process of collection. Past-due status is based on contractual terms of the loan. Loans may be placed on nonaccrual or charged off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful.

All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual or charged off is reversed against interest income. The interest subsequently collected on these loans is applied to the principal balance until the loan can be returned to an accrual status, which is no less than six months. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

For all loan portfolio segments, the Company charges off loans, or portions thereof, when available information confirms that specific loans are uncollectable based on information that includes, but is not limited to, (1) the deteriorating financial condition of the borrower, (2) declining collateral values, and/or (3) legal action, including bankruptcy, that impairs the borrower’s ability to adequately meet its obligations.

For loan modifications, interest income is recognized on an accrual basis at the renegotiated rate if the loan is in compliance with the modified terms.

The Company offers mortgage warehouse repurchase agreements to third parties to fund mortgage loans held for sale from closing until sale to an investor. Under a warehousing arrangement, the Company funds a mortgage loan as secured financing. The warehousing arrangement is secured by the underlying mortgages and a combination of deposits, personal guarantees and advance rates, and may be cross-collateralized with other loans. The Company typically holds the collateral until it is sent under a bailee arrangement instructing the investor to send proceeds to the Company.

Typical investors are large financial institutions or government agencies. Interest earned from the time of funding to the time of sale is recognized as interest income as accrued. Warehouse fees are accrued as noninterest income.

Loan Portfolio Summary

Loans receivable at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 include:

September 30, 

December 31, 

    

2025

    

2024

(In thousands)

Mortgage warehouse repurchase agreements(4)

$

1,645,884

$

1,446,068

Residential real estate(1)

 

1,008,979

 

1,322,853

Multi-family financing

 

4,877,477

 

4,624,299

Healthcare financing

1,476,046

1,484,483

Commercial and commercial real estate(2)(3)(4)

 

1,514,445

 

1,476,211

Agricultural production and real estate

 

84,824

 

77,631

Consumer and margin loans

 

896

 

6,843

Loans Receivable

 

10,608,551

 

10,438,388

Less:

 

  

 

  

ACL-Loans

 

93,330

 

84,386

Loans Receivable, net

$

10,515,221

$

10,354,002

(1)Includes $0.8 billion and $1.2 billion of All-in-One© first-lien home equity lines of credit at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(2)Includes $0.9 billion and $0.9 billion revolving lines of credit collateralized primarily by single-family mortgage servicing rights as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(3)Includes only $19.6 million and $18.7 million of non-owner occupied commercial real estate as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(4)The warehouse portfolio is exclusively made up of loans to residential and multi-family mortgage bankers that are funding agency-eligible mortgages and commercial loans, which represent all of the Company’s loans to non-depository institutions.

Risk characteristics applicable to each segment of the loan portfolio are described as follows.

Mortgage Warehouse Repurchase Agreements (MTG WHRA): Under its warehouse program, the Company provides warehouse financing arrangements to approved mortgage companies for their origination and sale of residential mortgage and multi-family loans. Loans secured by mortgages placed on existing one-to-four family dwellings may be originated or purchased and placed through each mortgage warehouse facility.

As a secured repurchase agreement, collateral pledged to the Company secures each individual mortgage until the mortgage company sells the loan in the secondary market. A traditional secured warehouse facility typically carries a base interest rate of the SOFR, or mortgage note rate, and a margin.

Risk is evident if there is a change in the fair value of mortgage loans originated by mortgage companies in warehouse, the sale of which is the expected source of repayment under a warehouse facility. However, the warehouse customers are required to hedge the change in value of these loans to mitigate the risk, typically through forward sales contracts.

Residential Real Estate Loans (RES RE): Real estate loans are secured primarily by owner-occupied one-to-four family residences. Repayment of residential real estate loans is primarily dependent on the personal income and

assets of the borrowers. Credit risk for these loans is driven by those factors, as well as the credit rating of the borrowers and property values. In addition to loans originated for sale, and some loans held for investment, included in this segment are All-in-One© first-lien HELOC products that integrate a borrower’s mortgage and deposit account into a single facility and have typically carried a base interest rate of One-Year CMT, plus a margin. New originations are tied to 30-day SOFR, plus a margin.

Multi-Family Financing (MF FIN): The Company specializes in originating multi-family financing that can be Market Rate or Affordable. The portfolio includes loans for construction, acquisition, refinance, or permanent financing. Loans are typically secured by real estate mortgages, assignment of LIHTCs, and/or equity interest in the underlying properties. All loans are assessed and reviewed at a minimum based on borrower strength/experience, historical property performance, market trends, projected financial performance with regards to intended strategy, and source of repayment. Independent third-party reports are used to ensure legal conformity and support valuations of the assets. Exit strategies and sources of repayment are provided through the secondary market via governmental programs, strategic refinances, LIHTC equity installments, and cashflow from the properties. Repayment of these loans may include refinancing to a permanent loan or sale of the property, as well as successful operation of a business or property and the borrower’s cash flows. Credit risk in these loans may be impacted by the creditworthiness of a borrower, property values and the local economy in the related market area. Interest rate risk is mitigated by borrower purchased rate caps, interest reserves, liquidity covenants, and forward commitments from GSEs. These loans are well-collateralized and underwritten to agency guidelines. Loans included in this segment typically carry a base rate of 30-day SOFR that adjusts on a monthly basis, and a margin. The Company focuses on loan classes that are government backed or can be sold in the secondary market.

Healthcare Financing (HC FIN): The healthcare financing portfolio includes customized loan products for independent living, assisted living, memory care and skilled nursing projects. A variety of loan products are available to accommodate rehabilitation, acquisition, and refinancing of healthcare properties. Credit risk in these loans is primarily driven by local demographics and the expertise of the operators of the facilities. Repayment of these loans may include refinancing to a permanent loan or sale of the property, as well as successful operation of a business or property and the borrower’s cash flows. These loans are well-collateralized and underwritten to agency guidelines. Loans included in this segment typically carry a base rate of 30-day SOFR that adjusts on a monthly basis, and a margin. The Company focuses on loan classes that are government backed or can be sold in the secondary market.

Commercial Lending and Commercial Real Estate Loans (CML & CRE): The commercial lending and commercial real estate portfolio includes loans to commercial customers for use in financing working capital needs, equipment purchases and expansions, as well as loans to commercial customers to finance land and improvements. It also includes lines of credit collateralized by mortgage servicing rights that are assessed for fair value quarterly at the Company’s request. The loans in this category are repaid primarily from the cash flow of a borrower’s principal business operation. Credit risk in these loans is driven by creditworthiness of a borrower and the economic conditions that impact the cash flow stability from business operations. SBA loans are included in this category. An immaterial portion of commercial and commercial real estate loans are typically made up of non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans.

Agricultural Production and Real Estate Loans (AG & AGRE): Agricultural production loans are generally comprised of seasonal operating lines of credit to grain farmers to plant and harvest corn and soybeans and term loans to fund the purchase of equipment. The Company also offers long-term financing to purchase agricultural real estate. Specific underwriting standards have been established for agricultural-related loans including the establishment of projections for each operating-year based on industry-developed estimates of farm input costs and expected commodity yields and prices. Operating lines are typically written for one year and secured by the crop and other farm assets as considered necessary. The Company is approved to sell agricultural loans in the secondary market through Farmer Mac and uses this relationship to manage interest rate risk within the portfolio. Agricultural real estate loans included in this segment are typically structured with a one-year ARM, three-year ARM or five-year ARM indexed to CMT and a margin. Agriculture production, livestock, and equipment loans are structured with variable rates that are indexed to prime or fixed for terms not exceeding five years.  

Consumer and Margin Loans (CON & MAR): Consumer loans are those loans secured by household assets. Margin loans are those loans secured by marketable securities. The term and maximum amount for these loans are determined by considering the purpose of the loan, the margin (advance percentage against value) in all collateral, the primary source of repayment, and the borrower’s other related cash flow.

ACL-Loans

The ACL-Loans is the Company’s estimate of current expected life of loan credit losses. Loans receivable is presented net of the allowance to reflect the principal balance expected to be collected over the contractual term of the loans. This life of loan allowance is established through a provision for credit losses included in net interest income after provision for credit losses as loans are recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The provision for a reporting period also reflects increases or decreases in the allowance related to changes in credit loss expectations. Actual credit losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the loan balance, or a portion thereof, is uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.

The ACL-Loans is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectability of the loans considering relevant available information from internal and external sources, including historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, and prevailing economic conditions. The allowance also incorporates reasonable and supportable forecasts. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. The level of the ACL-Loans is believed to be adequate to absorb expected future losses in the loan portfolio as of the measurement date.

The ACL-Loans consists of individually evaluated loans and pooled loan components. The Company’s primary portfolio segmentation is by loans with similar risk characteristics. Loans risk graded substandard and worse are individually evaluated for expected credit losses. For individually evaluated loans that are collateral dependent, the Company may use the fair value of the collateral, less estimated costs to sell, as a practical expedient as of the reporting date to determine the carrying amount of an asset and the allowance for credit losses, as applicable. A loan is considered to be collateral dependent when repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or the sale of the collateral when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty as of the reporting date.

To calculate the ACL-Loans, the portfolio is segmented by loans with similar risk characteristics.

Loan Portfolio Segment

    

ACL-Loans Methodology

Mortgage warehouse repurchase agreements

Remaining Life Method

Residential real estate loans

Discounted Cash Flow

Multi-family financing

Discounted Cash Flow

Healthcare financing

Discounted Cash Flow

Commercial and commercial real estate

Discounted Cash Flow

Agricultural production and real estate

Remaining Life Method

Consumer and margin loans

Remaining Life Method

Loan characteristics used in determining the segmentation include the underlying collateral, type or purpose of the loan, and expected credit loss patterns. The initial estimation of expected credit losses for each segment is based on historical credit loss experience and management’s judgement. Given the Company’s modest historical credit loss experience, peer and industry data was incorporated into the measurement. Expected life of loan credit losses are quantified using discounted cash flows and remaining life methodologies.

Model results are supplemented by qualitative adjustments for risk factors relevant in assessing the expected credit losses within the portfolio segments. These adjustments may increase or decrease the estimate of expected credit losses based upon the assessed level of risk for each qualitative factor.

The models utilized and the applicable qualitative adjustments require assumptions and management judgement that can be subjective in nature. The above measurement approach is also used to estimate the expected credit losses associated with unfunded loan commitments, which also incorporates expected utilization rates.

The following tables present, by loan portfolio segment, the activity in the ACL-Loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025

 

MTG WHRA

 

RES RE

 

MF FIN

 

HC FIN

CML & CRE

 

AG & AGRE

 

CON & MAR

 

TOTAL

(In thousands)

ACL-Loans

Balance, beginning of period

$

4,914

$

4,511

 

$

63,471

$

6,344

$

11,860

$

637

$

74

$

91,811

Provision for credit losses

 

(479)

 

220

 

22,653

6,812

 

1,836

 

17

 

(63)

 

30,996

Loans charged to the allowance

 

 

 

(27,630)

 

(1,870)

 

 

 

(29,500)

Recoveries of loans previously charged-off

 

 

 

 

23

 

 

 

23

Balance, end of period

$

4,435

$

4,731

$

58,494

$

13,156

$

11,849

$

654

$

11

$

93,330

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

 

MTG WHRA

 

RES RE

 

MF FIN

 

HC FIN

CML & CRE

 

AG & AGRE

 

CON & MAR

 

TOTAL

(In thousands)

ACL-Loans

Balance, beginning of period

$

3,616

$

6,323

 

$

34,412

$

23,522

$

12,591

$

489

$

75

$

81,028

Provision for credit losses

 

(414)

 

129

 

12,745

(7,119)

 

209

 

13

 

11

 

5,574

Loans charged to the allowance

 

 

 

(1,933)

 

(127)

 

 

 

(2,060)

Recoveries of loans previously charged-off

 

 

2

 

 

5

 

 

 

7

Balance, end of period

$

3,202

$

6,454

$

45,224

$

16,403

$

12,678

$

502

$

86

$

84,549

The Company recorded a total provision for credit losses of $29.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025. The $29.2 million total provision for credit losses consisted of $31.0 million for the ACL-Loans as shown above, net of $1.8 million for the release on reserves on the ACL-OBCE’s.

The Company recorded a total provision for credit losses of $6.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The $6.9 million total provision for credit losses consisted of $5.6 million for the ACL-Loans as shown above and $2.1 million for the ACL-OBCE’s, net of $0.7 million for the release of reserves on the ACL-Guarantees, related to a loan securitization.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

  

MTG WHRA

  

RES RE

  

MF FIN

  

HC FIN

CML & CRE

  

AG & AGRE

  

CON & MAR

  

TOTAL

(In thousands)

ACL-Loans

Balance, beginning of period

$

3,816

$

5,942

$

55,126

$

8,562

$

10,293

$

539

$

108

$

84,386

Provision for credit losses

 

619

(1,211)

79,701

12,091

3,745

115

(97)

94,963

Loans charged to the allowance

 

(76,333)

(7,497)

(2,240)

(86,070)

Recoveries of loans previously charged-off

 

51

 

51

Balance, end of period

$

4,435

$

4,731

$

58,494

$

13,156

$

11,849

$

654

$

11

$

93,330

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

  

MTG WHRA

  

RES RE

  

MF FIN

  

HC FIN

CML & CRE

  

AG & AGRE

  

CON & MAR

  

TOTAL

(In thousands)

ACL-Loans

Balance, beginning of period

$

2,070

$

7,323

$

26,874

$

22,454

$

12,243

$

619

$

169

$

71,752

FMBI's ACL for loans sold

(55)

(186)

(2)

(92)

(246)

(12)

(593)

Provision for credit losses

 

1,132

(829)

23,818

(6,049)

1,674

129

(71)

 

19,804

Loans charged to the allowance

 

(5,282)

(1,155)

 

(6,437)

Recoveries of loans previously charged-off

 

15

8

 

23

Balance, end of period

$

3,202

$

6,454

$

45,224

$

16,403

$

12,678

$

502

$

86

$

84,549

The Company recorded a total provision for credit losses of $90.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The $90.0 million total provision for credit losses consisted of $95.0 million for the ACL-Loans as shown above, net of $4.6 million for the release of reserves on the ACL-OBCE’s and $0.4 million for the release of reserves on the ACL-Guarantees, related to a loan securitization.

The Company recorded a total provision for credit losses of $21.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The $21.6 million total provision for credit losses consisted of $19.8 million for the ACL-Loans as shown above, $3.1 million for the ACL-OBCE’s, net of $0.7 million for the release of reserves on the ACL-Guarantees, related to a loan securitization, and $0.6 million for the release of FMBI’s ACL-Loans for loans sold.

The following table presents, by loan portfolio segment, the activity in the ACL-Loans, for the year-ended December 31, 2024:

Year Ended December 31, 2024

 

MTG WHRA

 

RES RE

 

MF FIN

 

HC FIN

CML & CRE

 

AG & AGRE

 

CON & MAR

 

TOTAL

(In thousands)

ACL-Loans

Balance, beginning of period

$

2,070

$

7,323

 

$

26,874

$

22,454

$

12,243

$

619

$

169

$

71,752

FMBI's ACL for loans sold

(55)

(186)

(2)

(92)

(246)

(12)

(593)

Provision for credit losses

 

1,746

 

(1,340)

 

33,674

(10,795)

 

276

 

166

 

(49)

 

23,678

Loans charged to the allowance

 

 

 

(5,282)

(3,095)

 

(2,210)

 

 

 

(10,587)

Recoveries of loans previously charged-off

 

 

14

 

46

 

76

 

 

 

136

Balance, end of period

$

3,816

$

5,942

$

55,126

$

8,562

$

10,293

$

539

$

108

$

84,386

The Company recorded a total provision for credit losses of $24.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The $24.3 million provision for credit losses consisted of $23.7 million for the ACL-Loans as shown above, $2.2 million for the ACL-OBCEs, net of $1.0 million for the release of reserves on ACL-Guarantees, related to a loan securitization and $0.6 million for the release of FMBI’s ACL-Loans for loans sold.

The table below presents the amortized cost basis and ACL-Loans allocated for collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

September 30, 2025

    

Real Estate

    

Accounts Receivable / Equipment

    

Other

    

Total

    

ACL-Loans Allocation

(In thousands)

RES RE

$

7,303

$

$

$

7,303

$

37

MF FIN

307,977

307,977

25,460

HC FIN

 

101,363

 

 

 

101,363

 

7,017

CML & CRE

 

8,770

 

 

883

 

9,653

 

685

AG & AGRE

 

181

 

4

 

 

185

 

2

Total collateral dependent loans

$

425,594

$

4

$

883

$

426,481

$

33,201

There were no significant changes to the types of collateral securing the Company’s collateral dependent loans compared to December 31, 2024.

December 31, 2024

    

Real Estate

    

Accounts Receivable / Equipment

    

Other

    

Total

    

ACL-Loans Allocation

(In thousands)

RES RE

$

6,153

$

$

$

6,153

$

31

MF FIN

227,054

693

227,747

22,265

HC FIN

73,225

73,225

2,569

CML & CRE

 

8,125

 

1,447

 

629

 

10,201

 

358

AG & AGRE

 

 

6

 

 

6

 

1

Total collateral dependent loans

$

314,557

$

1,453

$

1,322

$

317,332

$

25,224

Internal Risk Categories

The Company evaluates the loan risk grading system definitions and ACL-Loans methodology on an ongoing basis. In adherence with policy, the Company uses the following internal risk grading categories and definitions for loans:

Pass - Loans that are considered to be of acceptable credit quality, and not classified as Special Mention, Substandard or Doubtful. Also included are loans classified as Watch loans, which represent loans that remain sound and collectible but contain elevated risk that requires management’s attention.

Special Mention – Loans classified as Special Mention have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the institution’s credit position at some future date. Special Mention loans are not adversely classified and do not warrant adverse classification. Loans with questions or concerns regarding collateral, adverse market conditions impacting future performance, and declining financial trends would be considered for Special Mention.

Substandard - Loans classified as Substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. When a loan in the form of a line of credit is downgraded to Substandard, it is evaluated for credit losses and future draws under the line of credit require the approval of an officer of Senior Credit Officer or above.

Doubtful - Loans classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as Substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

The following tables present the credit risk profile of the Company’s loans receivable portfolio based on internal risk rating category and origination or extension year as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

September 30, 2025

    

2025

    

2024

    

2023

2022

    

2021

    

Prior

    

Revolving Loans

    

TOTAL

(In thousands)

MTG WHRA

Pass

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,645,884

$

1,645,884

Total

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,645,884

$

1,645,884

RES RE

Pass

$

43,270

$

34,729

$

26,198

$

7,369

$

4,969

$

21,829

$

863,312

$

1,001,676

Substandard

22

129

7,152

7,303

Total

$

43,270

$

34,729

$

26,198

$

7,391

$

4,969

$

21,958

$

870,464

$

1,008,979

MF FIN

Pass

$

916,026

$

717,584

$

294,311

$

54,361

$

21,178

$

8,590

$

2,469,270

$

4,481,320

Special Mention

26,896

57,566

2,309

1,409

88,180

Substandard

35,425

13,666

140,354

91,203

27,329

307,977

Total

$

978,347

$

788,816

$

434,665

$

145,564

$

21,178

$

10,899

$

2,498,008

$

4,877,477

Charge-offs

$

$

$

25,069

$

47,614

$

$

3,650

$

$

76,333

HC FIN

Pass

$

768,087

$

15,009

$

46,263

$

63,088

$

$

$

421,691

$

1,314,138

Special Mention

38,505

16,100

5,940

60,545

Substandard

18,057

31,539

25,600

20,317

5,850

101,363

Total

$

824,649

$

62,648

$

71,863

$

63,088

$

20,317

$

$

433,481

$

1,476,046

Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

5,296

$

2,201

$

$

7,497

CML & CRE

Pass

$

51,415

$

50,462

$

45,215

$

61,529

$

36,070

$

31,466

$

1,221,732

$

1,497,889

Special Mention

3,297

827

1,384

1,176

143

76

6,903

Substandard

250

226

621

8,533

23

9,653

Total

$

54,712

$

50,712

$

46,268

$

63,534

$

45,779

$

31,632

$

1,221,808

$

1,514,445

Charge-offs

$

$

266

$

254

$

160

$

1,560

$

$

$

2,240

AG & AGRE

Pass

$

10,929

$

15,731

$

7,129

$

4,581

$

2,851

$

20,241

$

23,088

$

84,550

Special Mention

89

89

Substandard

4

181

185

Total

$

11,018

$

15,731

$

7,133

$

4,762

$

2,851

$

20,241

$

23,088

$

84,824

CON & MAR

Pass

$

120

$

226

$

17

$

6

$

1

$

$

526

$

896

Total

$

120

$

226

$

17

$

6

$

1

$

$

526

$

896

Total Pass

$

1,789,847

$

833,741

$

419,133

$

190,934

$

65,069

$

82,126

$

6,645,503

$

10,026,353

Total Special Mention

$

68,787

$

73,666

$

827

$

1,384

$

1,176

$

2,452

$

7,425

$

155,717

Total Substandard

$

53,482

$

45,455

$

166,184

$

92,027

$

28,850

$

152

$

40,331

$

426,481

Total Loans

$

1,912,116

$

952,862

$

586,144

$

284,345

$

95,095

$

84,730

$

6,693,259

$

10,608,551

Total Charge-offs

$

$

266

$

25,323

$

47,774

$

6,856

$

5,851

$

$

86,070

The table above excludes two multi-family loans, rated as Special Mention, totaling $14.4 million and classified as held for sale at September 30, 2025. The Company did not have any material revolving loans converted to term loans that were not re-underwritten at September 30, 2025.

December 31, 2024

    

2024

    

2023

    

2022

    

2021

    

2020

    

Prior

    

Revolving Loans

    

TOTAL

(In thousands)

MTG WHRA

Pass

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,446,068

$

1,446,068

Total

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,446,068

$

1,446,068

RES RE

Pass

$

40,363

$

30,750

$

8,212

$

6,181

$

18,712

$

6,210

$

1,206,272

$

1,316,700

Substandard

22

203

5,928

6,153

Total

$

40,363

$

30,750

$

8,234

$

6,181

$

18,712

$

6,413

$

1,212,200

$

1,322,853

MF FIN

Pass

$

1,028,288

$

518,320

$

419,723

$

66,787

$

5,460

$

10,456

$

2,109,707

$

4,158,741

Special Mention

88,337

77,700

57,679

238

13,857

237,811

Substandard

18,884

105,553

76,093

2,550

24,667

227,747

Total

$

1,135,509

$

701,573

$

553,495

$

69,337

$

5,460

$

10,694

$

2,148,231

$

4,624,299

Charge-offs

$

$

870

$

4,412

$

$

$

$

$

5,282

HC FIN

Pass

$

460,259

$

112,223

$

466,393

$

$

$

$

234,316

$

1,273,191

Special Mention

32,547

8,900

96,620

138,067

Substandard

13,961

25,600

25,363

8,301

73,225

Total

$

506,767

$

137,823

$

475,293

$

25,363

$

$

$

339,237

$

1,484,483

Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

3,095

$

$

$

$

3,095

CML & CRE

Pass

$

52,323

$

45,999

$

107,451

$

48,903

$

16,264

$

18,216

$

1,172,763

$

1,461,919

Special Mention

2,331

1,633

52

75

4,091

Substandard

40

150

110

8,835

41

1,025

10,201

Total

$

52,363

$

46,149

$

109,892

$

59,371

$

16,264

$

18,309

$

1,173,863

$

1,476,211

Charge-offs

$

$

$

253

$

982

$

$

975

$

$

2,210

AG & AGRE

Pass

$

17,328

$

7,373

$

4,676

$

3,170

$

8,790

$

13,705

$

22,583

$

77,625

Substandard

6

6

Total

$

17,328

$

7,379

$

4,676

$

3,170

$

8,790

$

13,705

$

22,583

$

77,631

CON & MAR

Pass

$

326

$

75

$

18

$

9

$

$

4,151

$

2,264

$

6,843

Total

$

326

$

75

$

18

$

9

$

$

4,151

$

2,264

$

6,843

Total Pass

$

1,598,887

$

714,740

$

1,006,473

$

125,050

$

49,226

$

52,738

$

6,193,973

$

9,741,087

Total Special Mention

$

120,884

$

77,700

$

68,910

$

1,633

$

$

290

$

110,552

$

379,969

Total Substandard

$

32,885

$

131,309

$

76,225

$

36,748

$

$

244

$

39,921

$

317,332

Total Loans

$

1,752,656

$

923,749

$

1,151,608

$

163,431

$

49,226

$

53,272

$

6,344,446

$

10,438,388

Total Charge-offs

$

$

870

$

4,665

$

4,077

$

$

975

$

$

10,587

The table above excludes one multi-family loan, rated as Special Mention, totaling $17.4 million and classified as held for sale at December 31, 2024. The Company did not have any material revolving loans converted to term loans that were not re-underwritten at December 31, 2024.

Delinquent Loans

The following tables present the Company’s loan portfolio aging analysis of the recorded investment in loans receivable as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

September 30, 2025

    

30-59 Days

    

60-89 Days

    

90+ Days

    

Total

    

    

Total

Past Due

Past Due

Past Due

Past Due

Current

Loans

(Dollars in thousands)

MTG WHRA

$

$

$

$

$

1,645,884

$

1,645,884

RES RE

3,006

2,831

 

3,048

 

8,885

 

1,000,094

 

1,008,979

MF FIN

8,391

11,850

 

203,870

 

224,111

 

4,653,366

 

4,877,477

HC FIN

21,248

67,867

89,115

1,386,931

1,476,046

CML & CRE

 

2,434

 

2,434

 

1,512,011

 

1,514,445

AG & AGRE

31

 

4

 

35

 

84,789

 

84,824

CON & MAR

 

 

 

896

 

896

$

32,645

$

14,712

$

277,223

$

324,580

$

10,283,971

$

10,608,551

%

%

3

%

3

%

97

%

100

%

The table above excludes one multi-family loan of $11.7 million, 30-59 days past due, classified as held for sale that was past due as of September 30, 2025.

December 31, 2024

    

30-59 Days

    

60-89 Days

    

90+ Days

    

Total

    

    

Total

Past Due

Past Due

Past Due

Past Due

Current

Loans

(Dollars in thousands)

MTG WHRA

$

 

$

$

$

$

1,446,068

$

1,446,068

RES RE

1,294

 

3,797

 

2,339

 

7,430

 

1,315,423

 

1,322,853

MF FIN

8,497

 

11,148

 

201,508

 

221,153

 

4,403,146

 

4,624,299

HC FIN

59,264

59,264

1,425,219

1,484,483

CML & CRE

596

 

688

 

3,047

 

4,331

 

1,471,880

 

1,476,211

AG & AGRE

73

 

 

12

 

85

 

77,546

 

77,631

CON & MAR

 

 

 

 

6,843

 

6,843

$

10,460

$

15,633

$

266,170

$

292,263

$

10,146,125

$

10,438,388

%

%

3

%

3

%

97

%

100

%

The table above excludes one multi-family loan of $30.1 million and two residential real estate loans totaling $2.1 million, 30-59 days past due, and one residential real estate loan of $0.1 million, 90+ days past due, classified as held for sale at December 31, 2024.

Nonperforming Loans and Assets

Nonaccrual loans, including modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that have not met the six-month minimum performance criterion, are reported as nonperforming loans. For all loan classes, it is the Company’s policy to have any modified loans which are on nonaccrual status prior to being modified, remain on nonaccrual status until six months of satisfactory borrower performance, at which time management would consider its return to accrual status. A loan is generally classified as nonaccrual when the Company believes that receipt of principal and interest is doubtful under the terms of the loan agreement. Generally, this is at 90 days or more past due. Interest income of $0 and $0.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, and $0.1 million

and $1.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, which was collected when a loan paid off and was recognized on nonaccrual financial assets at the time of payoff.

The following table presents the Company’s nonperforming loans and nonperforming assets at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

Total Loans >

Total Loans >

90 Days &

90 Days &

Nonaccrual

Accruing

Nonaccrual

Accruing

(In thousands)

RES RE

$

7,303

$

$

6,154

$

MF FIN

 

211,567

 

201,508

 

HC FIN

60,824

16,100

69,001

CML & CRE

2,470

3,047

AG & AGRE

4

6

6

$

282,168

$

16,100

$

279,716

$

6

The Company did not have any loans classified as held for sale on nonaccrual or past due as of September 30, 2025. The table above excludes one residential real estate loan, classified as held for sale, on nonaccrual at December 31, 2024, totaling $0.1 million.

The Company did not have any nonaccrual loans without an estimated ACL at September 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

Occasionally, the Company modifies loans to borrowers in financial difficulty by providing principal forgiveness, term extension, an other-than-insignificant payment delay, or interest rate reduction. In some cases, the Company provides multiple types of modifications on one loan. Typically, one type of modification, such as a term extension, is granted initially. If the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another modification, such as principal forgiveness, may be granted, but is rare.

The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans at September 30, 2025 and 2024 that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, by class and by type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

  

Payment Delay

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Total Class of Financing Receivable

% of Total Class of Financing Receivable

  

Payment Delay

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Total Class of Financing Receivable

% of Total Class of Financing Receivable

  

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

MF FIN

$

$

33,453

$

7,698

$

41,151

1

%

$

$

58,695

$

40,235

$

98,930

2

%

HC FIN

 

37,305

9,057

46,362

3

%

 

 

37,305

9,057

46,362

3

%

CML & CRE

595

595

%

595

178

773

%

Total

$

$

71,353

$

16,755

$

88,108

1

%

$

$

96,595

$

49,470

$

146,065

1

%

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

Payment Delay

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Total Class of Financing Receivable

% of Total Class of Financing Receivable

  

Payment Delay

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Total Class of Financing Receivable

% of Total Class of Financing Receivable

  

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

MF FIN

$

4,346

$

13,400

$

$

17,746

%

$

38,545

$

55,853

$

$

94,398

2

%

HC FIN

 

10,114

10,114

1

%

 

10,114

 

4,235

14,349

1

%

Total

$

14,460

$

13,400

$

$

27,860

%

$

48,659

$

60,088

$

$

108,747

1

%

The following table describes the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Loans with risk classifications of Pass and Special Mention were part of the pooled loan ACL analysis. Loans classified as Substandard or worse were individually evaluated for credit losses and specific reserves were established, if applicable. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, there were no specific reserves recorded on troubled loan modifications disclosed herein. The Company has committed to lend no additional amounts to the borrowers included in the table below.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Loan Type

Financial Effect

Financial Effect

MF FIN

Added a weighted average 11 months.

Term extension and forbearance added a weighted average of 4 months.

HC FIN

Added a weighted average 8 months.

Term extension and forbearance added a weighted average of 14 months.

CML & CRE

Added a weighted average 60 months.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Loan Type

Financial Effect

Financial Effect

MF FIN

Added a weighted average 10 months.

Term extension and forbearance added a weighted average of 5 months.

HC FIN

Added a weighted average 8 months.

Term extension and forbearance added a weighted average of 14 months.

CML & CRE

Added a weighted average 60 months.

Term extension added a weighted average of 61 months and forbearance added a weighted average of 12 months.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

Term Extension

Payment Delay

Loan Type

Financial Effect

Financial Effect

MF FIN

Added a weighted average 4 months.

Forbearance average of 5 months.

HC FIN

Forbearance average of 6 months.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

Term Extension

Payment Delay

Loan Type

Financial Effect

Financial Effect

MF FIN

Added a weighted average 22 months.

Forbearance average of 7 months.

HC FIN

Added a weighted average 12 months.

Forbearance average of 6 months.

The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table presents the performance of such loans that have been modified in the last twelve months as of September 30, 2025:

    

30 - 89 Days

    

90+ Days

    

Total

Current

Past Due

Past Due

Loans

(In thousands)

MF FIN

$

98,930

$

$

$

98,930

HC FIN

46,362

46,362

CML & CRE

773

773

Total

$

146,065

$

$

$

146,065

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, there were no payment defaults on loans to borrowers whose loans were modified due to financial difficulties within the previous twelve months.

Foreclosures

There were $3.0 million in residential loans in the process of foreclosure as of September 30, 2025 and there were $1.9 million in process of foreclosure as of December 31, 2024.

Significant Loan Sales

On July 31, 2025, the Company completed a $237.0 million securitization of one multi-family mortgage loan through a Freddie Mac-sponsored Q-Series transaction. The transfer of this loan was accounted for as a sale for financial reporting purposes, in accordance with ASC 860, and a $300,000 gain on sale was recognized. The Company was retained as the mortgage sub-servicer for Freddie Mac for the single loan. Beyond sub-servicing the loan, the Company’s ongoing involvement in this transaction is limited to customary obligations of loan sales, including any material breach in representation. In connection with this transaction, a mortgage servicing right of $497,000 was established.

Loans Purchased

The Company purchased $50.1 million and $85.0 million of loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Loan Guarantees

The Company issues instruments, in the normal course of business with customers, that are considered financial guarantees. Standby letters of credit guarantees are issued in connection with agreements made by customers to counterparties. Standby letters of credit are contingent upon failure of the customer to perform the terms of the underlying contract. Credit risk associated with the standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that associated with extending loans to customers and is subject to normal credit policies. The terms of these standby letters of credit range from less than one to eight years. These commitments are not recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The total for these guarantees at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $193.4 million and $204.7 million, respectively.

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Supplemental cash flow information related to loans is presented in the table below.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

    

2025

2024

(In thousands)

Cash Flow Statement

Supplemental cash flow information:

Transfer of loans to other real estate owned

$

$

90

Investments received in securitization of loans sold

 

3,583

 

534,538

Deposits received upon loan origination

 

189,206

 

Transfer of loans from loans held for sale to loans receivable

18,429

61,500

Transfer of loans from loans receivable to loans held for sale

 

386,604

 

604,969

v3.25.3
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits  
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits

Note 5:   Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits

The Company invests in LIHTC limited liability partnerships and LLCs. The primary purpose of these investments is to earn an adequate return of capital through the receipt of low-income housing tax credits. Those investments are recorded at cost and then amortized using the proportional amortization method. The investments are included in other assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, with any unfunded commitments included in other liabilities. The investments are amortized as a component of income tax expense.

The Company also has a pool of investments that are held for sale and are accounted for at the lower of cost or market. These investments include projects that are awaiting syndication in LIHTC funds through the Company’s MCI subsidiary. The investments are included in other assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company is the primary beneficiary in one of its joint venture investments, therefore the results of this entity are consolidated and the benefits of the new market fund are recognized through tax credits as a component of income tax expense.

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

(In thousands)

Investment

Accounting Method

Investment

Unfunded Commitments

Investment

Unfunded Commitments

LIHTC

Proportional amortization

$

184,485

$

103,405

$

123,574

$

93,929

LIHTC (1)

Lower of cost or market

46,882

56,533

LIHTC subtotal

$

231,367

$

103,405

$

180,107

$

93,929

Joint Venture

Consolidated

10,991

10,937

Total

$

242,358

$

103,405

$

191,044

$

93,929

(1)LIHTC projects held for future syndication.

The following table summarizes the amortization expense and tax credits recognized for the Company’s low-income housing investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

2025

2024

2025

2024

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

Amortization expense

$

4,420

$

3,406

$

11,979

$

8,551

Expected tax credits

$

4,860

$

3,789

$

13,229

$

10,032

The Company serves as a general partner for several syndicated low-income housing tax credit funds that are owned by one investor, holding 85.00-99.99% of the funds, as a limited partner. The Company, as general partner, provided services during 2025 and prior years, such as formation of the funds and identifying or acquiring tax credit investments, for which it expects to receive fees in the future, up to approximately $29.7 million. The amount of payments to be received as the general partner is contingent upon achieving certain performance obligations, including the stabilization of the properties and delivery of tax credits to the limited partner in the future, which could extend out until 2043. Due to the long-term nature of the agreement, amounts to be received, and the uncertainty of achieving the performance obligation, variable consideration and revenue recognition has been 100% constrained as of September 30, 2025. Revenue recognition will be continuously evaluated as facts and circumstances evolve. The Company has also advanced these LIHTC funds $106.5 million as of September 30, 2025 and $98.8 million as of December 31, 2024 to acquire its LIHTC investment projects, for which it expects repayment over a similar period. These advances have been recorded in other assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Supplemental cash flow information related to qualified affordable housing investments is presented in the table below.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

    

2025

2024

(In thousands)

Cash Flow Statement

Supplemental cash flow information:

Qualified affordable housing investments obtained in exchange for funding commitments

$

42,516

$

Deposits received upon reduction of funding commitments

23,040

Beneficial interests received in exchange for LIHTC's sold

 

12,969

 

v3.25.3
Leases
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Leases  
Leases

Note 6: Leases

The Company has operating leases for various locations with terms ranging from one to six years. Some operating leases include options to extend. The extensions were included in the right-of-use asset if the likelihood of extension was reasonably certain. The Company elected not to separate non-lease components from lease components for its operating leases.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is presented in the table below as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

(In thousands)

Balance Sheet

Operating lease ROU asset (in other assets)

$

6,969

$

8,332

Operating lease liability (in other liabilities)

7,797

9,303

Weighted average remaining lease term (years)

3.9

4.6

Weighted average discount rate

3.44%

3.43%

The table below presents the components of lease expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. Operating lease expenses are included in occupancy and equipment expense on the unaudited condensed consolidated income statement.

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30, 

September 30, 

2025

2024

2025

2024

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

Statement of Income

Components of lease expense:

Operating lease cost

$

811

$

652

$

2,243

$

2,021

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is presented in the tables below.

Maturities of lease liabilities:

September 30, 2025

(In thousands)

One year or less

$

2,323

Year two

2,283

Year three

1,748

Year four

1,212

Year five

558

Thereafter

214

Total future minimum lease payments

8,338

Less: imputed interest

541

Total

$

7,797

Nine Months Ended

September 30, 

2025

2024

(In thousands)

Cash Flow Statement

Supplemental cash flow information:

Operating cash flows for operating leases

$

1,729

$

1,881

Change in ROU assets due to lease renegotiation

(1,063)

ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities

789

v3.25.3
Other Assets and Receivables
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Other Assets and Receivables  
Other Assets and Receivables

Note 7: Other Assets and Receivables

The following items are included in other assets and receivables on the consolidated balance sheets.

Joint Ventures

The Company has investments in various joint ventures totaling $53.0 million and $42.2 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. These investments are primarily made up of investments in debt funds totaling $31.4 million and $31.8 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The Company was not a primary beneficiary in any of these joint venture investments. Results from the entities are not required to be consolidated and are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The Company is obligated to make additional investments over the next several years. There was an obligation of $10.0 million and $3.8 million reflected in the investment balance and liabilities at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. See Note 8: Variable Interest Entities (VIEs) for additional information about VIE’s.

Qualified Affordable Housing

Information regarding qualified affordable housing investments is disclosed elsewhere in Note 5: Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits.

Freestanding Credit Enhancements

In December 2024, the Company executed a CDS on a reference pool of warehouse loans with an initial principal balance of $1.2 billion. The initial pool consisted of warehouse participation certificates, classified as loans held for sale, but could include warehouse repurchase agreements, classified as loans receivable. The CDS covers a protected tranche of the first 12.5% of losses on the notional amount. Annual CDS premium payments equal 0.8% of the portfolio notional amount and is recorded as noninterest expense. Merchants will continually replenish maturing or non-renewing loans with substantially similar loans subject to mutual agreement with the CDS seller during a replenishment period, subject to a minimum balance of $1.2 billion and a maximum balance of $2.0 billion. The risk transfer agreement has a replenishment period of 36 months but can be extended to a maximum of 48 months.

The CDS is not accounted for as a derivative. A scope exception within ASC 815 for certain financial guarantees is utilized, as recovery payments are contingent on the failure of the debtor to pay their past due obligations, which are preconditions to the guarantee. Accordingly, the CDS has been accounted for as a freestanding credit enhancement and does not offset the Company’s estimate of expected credit losses. Therefore, the ACL-loans will continue to be recorded without considering potential recoveries from freestanding credit enhancement contracts. Upon initial execution, there was no CDS recovery asset established because the loans in the pool were participation certificates that were classified as loans held for sale and carry no ACL-loans. When repurchase agreements are in the pool, they are classified as loans receivable, and a CDS recovery asset would be established in other assets, with an equal benefit to CDS recovery income in other noninterest income.

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no CDS recovery assets established. The total loan pool balance was $1.2 billion as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

v3.25.3
Variable Interest Entities
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Variable Interest Entities  
Variable Interest Entities

Note 8:   Variable Interest Entities

A VIE is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, or any other legal structure used to conduct activities or hold assets generally that either:

Does not have equity investors with voting rights that can directly or indirectly make decisions about the entity’s activities through those voting rights or similar rights; or

Has equity investors that do not provide sufficient equity for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support.

The Company has invested in single-family, multi-family, and healthcare debt financing entities, as well as low-income housing syndicated funds that are deemed to be VIEs. The Company also has deemed certain mortgage-backed securitizations (REMIC trusts) as VIEs that were established in conjunction with multi-family and healthcare loan sales and securitization transactions. Accordingly, the entities were assessed for potential consolidation under the VIE model that requires primary beneficiaries to consolidate the entity’s results. A primary beneficiary is defined as the party that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity, and an interest that could be significant to the entity. To determine if an interest could be significant to the entity, both qualitative and quantitative factors regarding the nature, size and form of involvement with the entity are evaluated.

At September 30, 2025 the Company determined it was not the primary beneficiary for most of its VIEs, primarily because the Company did not have control or the obligation to absorb losses or the rights to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Evaluation and reassessment of VIEs for consolidation is performed on an ongoing basis by management. Any changes in facts and circumstances occurring since the previous primary beneficiary determination will be considered as part of this ongoing reassessment.

The table below reflects the assets of the VIEs, as well as the maximum exposure to loss in connection with unconsolidated VIEs and liabilities for binding, unfunded commitments at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss associated with its unconsolidated VIEs consists of the capital invested plus any unfunded equity commitments. These investments and unfunded commitments are recorded in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Also included in the maximum loss exposure are loans to VIEs that are included in loans receivable. Although the REMIC trusts are not recognized on the balance sheet, the maximum exposure to loss is the carrying value of the securities acquired as part of the securitization transactions.

Investments

Loans

Securities

Maximum

Liabilities

Assets

    

in VIEs

    

to VIEs

for VIEs

Exposure to Loss

for VIEs

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

 

  

 

 

  

Low-income housing tax credit investments

$

285,317

$

331,758

$

$

617,075

$

93,107

Debt funds

31,416

264,103

295,519

Mortgage-backed securitizations (1)

26,967

1,658,828

1,685,795

Total Unconsolidated VIEs

$

316,733

$

622,828

$

1,658,828

$

2,598,389

$

93,107

December 31, 2024

 

  

 

 

 

  

 

  

Low-income housing tax credit investments

$

225,727

$

282,584

$

$

508,311

$

89,956

Debt funds

31,772

109,480

141,252

2,752

Mortgage-backed securitizations (1)

23,564

1,652,833

1,676,397

Total Unconsolidated VIEs

$

257,499

$

415,628

$

1,652,833

$

2,325,960

$

92,708

(1)Amounts include involvement with securitization SPEs where the Company transferred to and/or service loans for an SPE and hold securities issued by that SPE. Values disclosed in the table above represent the Company’s maximum exposure to loss for those securities’ holdings.
v3.25.3
Deposits
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Deposits  
Deposits

Note 9: Deposits

Deposits were comprised of the following at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

    

September 30, 2025

    

December 31, 2024

(In thousands)

Noninterest-bearing deposits

Core demand deposits

$

399,814

$

239,005

Interest-bearing deposits

Demand deposits:

Core demand deposits

7,681,422

4,319,512

Brokered demand deposits

Total interest-earning demand deposits

7,681,422

4,319,512

Savings deposits:

 

 

Core savings deposits

3,788,707

3,442,111

Brokered savings deposits

660

859

Total savings deposits

3,789,367

3,442,970

Certificates of deposit:

 

 

Core certificates of deposits

920,689

1,385,270

Brokered certificates of deposits

1,143,413

2,533,219

Total certificates of deposits

2,064,102

3,918,489

Total interest-bearing deposits

13,534,891

11,680,971

Total deposits

$

13,934,705

$

11,919,976

Total core deposits

$

12,790,632

$

9,385,898

Total brokered deposits

$

1,144,073

$

2,534,078

Total deposits

$

13,934,705

$

11,919,976

Maturities for certificates of deposit are as follows:

    

September 30, 2025

(In thousands)

Due within one year

$

2,012,913

Due in one year to two years

 

42,728

Due in two years to three years

 

8,461

Due in three years to four years

 

Due in four years to five years

Due in five years to six years

 

$

2,064,102

Certificates of deposit of $250,000 or more totaled $486.8 million and $694.8 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

v3.25.3
Borrowings
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Borrowings  
Borrowings

Note 10: Borrowings

Borrowings comprised the following at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

    

September 30, 2025

    

December 31, 2024

(In thousands)

Federal Reserve discount window borrowings

$

$

50,000

Subordinated debt

 

71,800

 

71,800

FHLB advances

2,747,845

4,172,030

Credit linked notes, net of debt discount

75,052

84,358

Other borrowings

 

7,934

 

7,934

Total borrowings

$

2,902,631

$

4,386,122

On September 18, 2025, the Company entered into a new variable-rate debt agreement with the FHLB for an advance that has put and call options. The balance of the advance was $2.0 billion as of September 30, 2025, and matures on December 17, 2025. The variable interest rate is based on the Federal Funds effective rate, plus 15 basis points, which was 4.24% on September 30, 2025. The FHLB has a put option to cancel the agreement 60 days after the initial execution date and the Company has a call option to cancel the agreement at any time, with one day’s notice.

On September 30, 2025, the Company entered into a new variable-rate debt agreement with the FHLB for an advance that has put and call options. The balance of the advance was $725.0 million as of September 30, 2025, and matures on December 29, 2025. The variable interest rate is based on the Federal Funds effective rate, plus 15 basis points, which was 4.24% on September 30, 2025. The FHLB has a put option to cancel the agreement 60 days after the initial execution date and the Company has a call option to cancel the agreement at any time, with one day’s notice.

See the notes to the financial statements contained in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details.

v3.25.3
Derivative Financial Instruments
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Derivative Financial Instruments  
Derivative Financial Instruments

Note 11: Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company uses non-hedging designated, derivative financial instruments to help manage exposure to interest rate risk and the effects that changes in interest rates may have on net income and the fair value of assets and liabilities.

Internal Interest Rate Risk Management

The Company enters into interest rate lock commitments with potential borrowers to fund specific mortgage loans that will be sold into the secondary market and enters into forward contracts for the future delivery of mortgage loans to third party investors. The forward contracts are entered into in order to economically hedge the effect of changes in interest rates resulting from the Company’s commitment to fund the loans. Forward contracts and interest rate lock agreements are accounted for as derivatives at fair value with changes in fair value reflected in other income on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income.

Interest rate swaps are also used by the Company to reduce the risk that significant increases in interest rates may have on the value of certain fixed-rate loans held for sale and the respective loan payments received from borrowers. All changes in the fair market value of these interest rate swaps and associated loans held for sale have been included in gain on sale of loans. Any difference between the fixed and floating interest rate components of these transactions have also been included in gain on sale.

The Company entered into a contract containing put options and interest rate floors on securities it acquired from a warehouse customer. These provide protection and offset losses in value of certain securities accounted for under the fair value option. The gain (loss) on the put options is substantially equal and offsetting to the fair market value adjustment of securities available for sale, resulting in an inconsequential net gain or loss in other noninterest income. This helps mitigate interest rate risk and minimizes impacts of market fluctuations on the securities available for sale that the Company elected to account for under the fair value option with changes in fair value reflected in earnings. The Company also entered into interest rate floor contracts with two warehouse loan customers to minimize interest rate risk. All changes in the fair market value of these options and floors have been included in other noninterest income.

Credit Risk Management

In 2024 and 2025, the Company entered into contracts as the buyer of credit protection through credit derivative markets. These contracts were purchased to manage credit risk associated with specific multi-family and healthcare mortgage loans. Under the terms of the contracts, the Company will be compensated for certain credit-related losses on a pools of covered loans. The protection sellers have posted aggregate collateral of $146.0 million related to their obligations under the contracts. The collateral is not included on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. There were no gains or losses associated with the credit default swap valuations as of September 30, 2025 and 2024. Any future changes in the fair market value of these instruments will be included in other noninterest expense.

A CDS is considered a derivative, but is not designated as an accounting hedge, and is recorded at fair value, with changes in fair value reflected in noninterest expense on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income. The fair value of derivative instruments with a positive fair value are reported in other assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets while derivative instruments with a negative fair value are reported in other liabilities on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The following table presents the notional amount and fair value of interest rate locks, forward contracts, interest rate swaps, put options, interest rate floors, and credit derivatives utilized by the Company at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. These tables exclude the fair market value adjustment on loans economically hedged with these derivatives.

Notional

Fair Value

Amount

 

Balance Sheet Location

 

Asset

 

Liability

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

Interest rate lock commitments

$

124,490

Other assets/liabilities

$

232

$

276

Forward contracts

134,685

Other assets/liabilities

249

146

Interest rate swaps

49,634

Other assets/liabilities

2,251

Put options

629,868

Other assets

38,489

Interest rate floors

1,142,236

Other assets

 

5,348

Credit derivatives

138,797

Other assets/liabilities

$

46,569

$

422

Notional

Fair Value

Amount

 

Balance Sheet Location

 

Asset

 

Liability

(In thousands)

December 31, 2024

Interest rate lock commitments

$

24,609

Other assets/liabilities

$

30

$

176

Forward contracts

33,000

Other assets/liabilities

229

1

Interest rate swaps

49,891

Other assets/liabilities

4,199

Put options

680,354

Other assets

43,777

Interest rate floors

1,228,274

Other assets

4,043

Credit derivatives

58,526

Other assets/liabilities

$

52,278

$

177

The following table summarizes the periodic changes in the fair value of the above derivative financial instruments on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30, 

September 30, 

    

2025

    

2024

    

2025

    

2024

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

Derivative (loss) gain included in gain on sale of loans:

Interest rate lock commitments

$

(306)

$

47

$

102

$

(46)

Forward contracts (includes pair-off settlements)

(243)

(1,161)

(761)

(782)

Interest rate swaps

(22)

(2,082)

(1,302)

(460)

Net (loss) gain

$

(571)

$

(3,196)

$

(1,961)

$

(1,288)

Derivative (loss) gain included in other income:

Put options (1)

(6,565)

(16,078)

(5,288)

(4,998)

Interest rate floors

(770)

(7,693)

 

1,305

(5,145)

Net (loss) gain

$

(7,335)

$

(23,771)

$

(3,983)

$

(10,143)

___________________________

(1)

The put option gain (loss) reflects an adjustment to the fair value of the derivative that is substantially equal and offset by an adjustment to the fair value of its related securities available for sale for which the Company elected to account for under the fair value option with changes in fair value reflected in earnings. The combination of these adjustments is designed to result in an inconsequential net gain or loss in other noninterest income.

Derivatives on Behalf of Customers

The Company offers derivative contracts to some customers in connection with their risk management needs. These derivatives include back-to-back interest rate swap, cap, and floor arrangements. The Company manages the risk associated with these contracts by entering into an equal and offsetting derivative with a third-party dealer. These derivatives generally work together as an offsetting, economic interest rate hedge, but the Company does not designate them for hedge accounting treatment. Consequently, changes in fair value of the corresponding derivative financial asset or liability were recorded as either a charge or credit to current earnings during the period in which the changes occurred, typically resulting in no net earnings impact.

The fair values of derivative assets and liabilities related to back-to-back derivatives on behalf of customers with back-to-back interest rate swap, cap or floor arrangements were recorded on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as follows:

Notional

Fair Value

Amount

 

Balance Sheet Location

 

Asset

 

Liability

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

$

1,138,484

Other assets/liabilities

$

9,438

$

9,438

December 31, 2024

$

724,224

Other assets/liabilities

$

309

$

309

The gross gains and losses on these derivative assets and liabilities were recorded in other noninterest income and other noninterest expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income as follows:

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30, 

September 30, 

    

2025

    

2024

    

2025

    

2024

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

Gross swap gains

$

577

$

9,211

$

9,129

$

11,749

Gross swap losses

577

9,211

 

9,129

11,749

Net swap gains (losses)

$

$

$

$

The Company pledged $9.9 million and $263,000 in collateral to secure its obligations under swap contracts at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

v3.25.3
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities  
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities

Note 12:   Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. There is a hierarchy of three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1    Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2    Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities

Level 3    Unobservable inputs supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities

Recurring Measurements

The following tables present the fair value measurements of assets and liabilities recognized on the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

Fair Value Measurements Using

Quoted Prices in

Significant

 

Active Markets 

Other

Significant

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable 

Fair

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

Assets

    

Value

    

(Level 1)

    

(Level 2)

    

(Level 3)

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

Mortgage loans in process of securitization

$

414,786

$

$

414,786

$

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Treasury notes

 

30,600

 

30,600

 

 

Federal Agencies

 

259,527

 

 

259,527

 

Mortgage-backed - Agency

3,564

 

3,564

 

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential - fair value option

399,567

 

399,567

 

Mortgage-backed - Agency - fair value option

 

191,812

 

 

191,812

 

Loans held for sale

 

112,832

 

 

112,832

 

Servicing rights

 

213,156

 

 

 

213,156

Derivative assets:

 

Interest rate lock commitments

 

232

 

 

 

232

Forward contracts

249

 

 

249

 

Interest rate swaps

2,251

2,251

Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back)

9,438

9,438

Put options

38,489

6,372

32,117

Interest rate floors

5,348

5,348

Derivative liabilities:

 

Interest rate lock commitments

 

276

276

Forward contracts

 

146

146

Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back)

 

9,438

9,438

December 31, 2024

 

  

Mortgage loans in process of securitization

$

428,206

$

$

428,206

$

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Treasury notes

 

90,006

 

90,006

 

 

Federal Agencies

 

252,936

 

 

252,936

 

Mortgage-backed - Agency

1,162

 

1,162

 

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential - fair value option

430,779

 

430,779

 

Mortgage-backed - Agency - fair value option

 

205,167

 

 

205,167

 

Loans held for sale

 

78,170

 

 

78,170

 

Servicing rights

 

189,935

 

 

 

189,935

Derivative assets:

 

Interest rate lock commitments

 

30

 

 

 

30

Forward contracts

229

 

 

229

 

Interest rate swaps

4,199

4,199

Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back)

309

309

Put options

43,777

12,481

31,296

Interest rate floors

4,043

4,043

Derivative liabilities:

Interest rate lock commitments

176

176

Forward contracts

1

1

Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back)

309

309

Following is a description of the valuation methodologies and inputs used for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and recognized on the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, as well as the general classification of such assets pursuant to the valuation hierarchy. There have been no significant changes in the valuation techniques during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024. For assets classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, the process used to develop the reported fair value is described below.

The Company values its assets and liabilities in the principal market where it sells the particular asset or transfers the liability with the greatest volume and level of activity. In the absence of an active market, the value is based on the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

Mortgage Loans in Process of Securitization, Securities Available for Sale, and Securities with a Fair Value Option Election

Where quoted market prices are available in an active market, securities such as U.S. Treasuries are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or independent asset pricing services and pricing models, the inputs of which are market-based or independently sourced market parameters, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, volatilities, prepayments, defaults, cumulative loss projections and cash flows. Such securities are classified in Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy including Federal Agencies, mortgage-backed securities, municipal securities and Federal Housing Administration participation certificates. In certain cases, if Level 1 or Level 2 inputs are not available, securities would be classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy.

Loans Held for Sale

Certain loans held for sale at fair value are saleable into the secondary mortgage markets and their fair values are estimated using observable quoted market or contracted prices, or market price equivalents, which would be used by other market participants. These saleable loans are considered Level 2.

Servicing Rights

Servicing rights do not trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices. Accordingly, fair value is estimated using discounted cash flow models having significant inputs of discount rate, prepayment speed, cost of servicing, interest rates, and default rate. Due to the nature of the valuation inputs, servicing rights are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy.

The Chief Financial Officer’s (CFO) office contracts with an independent pricing specialist to generate fair value estimates on a quarterly basis. The CFO’s office challenges the reasonableness of the assumptions used and reviews the methodology to ensure the estimated fair value complies with GAAP.

Derivative Financial Instruments

Interest rate lock commitments - The Company estimates the fair value of interest rate lock commitments based on the value of the underlying mortgage loan, quoted mortgage-backed security prices, estimates of the fair value of the servicing rights, and an estimate of the probability that the mortgage loan will fund within the terms of the interest rate lock commitment, net of expenses. With respect to its interest rate lock commitments, management determined that a Level 3 classification was most appropriate based on the various significant unobservable inputs utilized in estimating the fair value of its interest rate lock commitments.

Forward sales commitments - The Company estimates the fair value of forward sales commitments based on market quotes of mortgage-backed security prices for securities similar to the ones used, which are considered Level 2.

Interest rate swaps, caps, and floors (back-to-back) – The Company estimates the fair value of these derivatives made in relation to specific contracts with customers based on prices that are obtained from a third party that uses observable market inputs, thereby supporting a Level 2 classification.

Interest rate swaps – The Company estimates the fair value of interest rate swaps based on prices that are obtained from a third party that uses observable market inputs, thereby supporting a Level 2 classification.

Put options - The fair value of put options is linked to securities available for sale that are accounted for using the fair value option and are classified as either Level 2 or Level 3 on the hierarchy. The put options are classified as Level 2 or Level 3 in the hierarchy, depending upon the magnitude of observable inputs in the valuation of the securities. These valuations are estimated by a third party.

Interest rate floors - The fair value of certain interest rate floors is linked to securities available for sale that are accounted for using the fair value option. Other interest rate floors are linked to loans with warehouse customers. The value of the interest rate floors is based on estimated discounted cash flows that are based on inputs that are not readily observable and, thus, are classified as Level 3 on the hierarchy. These valuations are estimated by a third party.

Credit default swaps – The fair value CDSs is linked to the value of the underlying mortgage loans. The Company estimates the fair value based on estimated discounted cash flows that are derived from inputs, including credit spreads that are not readily observable and, thus, are classified as Level 3 on the hierarchy. These valuations are estimated by a third party.

Level 3 Reconciliation

The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of recurring fair value measurements recognized on the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs:

Three Months Ended September 30, 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

    

2025

    

2024

    

2025

    

2024

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

Servicing rights

Balance, beginning of period

$

193,037

$

178,776

$

189,935

$

158,457

Purchased servicing

12,858

12,928

Originated servicing

 

7,588

 

7,370

 

16,170

 

13,297

Paydowns

 

(2,450)

 

(2,090)

 

(7,504)

 

(6,729)

Changes in fair value

 

2,123

 

(6,729)

 

1,627

 

12,302

Balance, end of period

$

213,156

$

177,327

$

213,156

$

177,327

Securities available for sale - Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential - fair value option

Balance, beginning of period

$

$

462,627

$

$

485,500

Paydowns

(9,773)

(26,643)

Changes in fair value

 

 

8,660

 

 

2,657

Balance, end of period

$

$

461,514

$

$

461,514

Derivative assets - put options

Balance, beginning of period

$

36,210

$

24,657

$

31,296

$

18,654

Changes in fair value

 

(4,093)

 

(8,660)

 

821

 

(2,657)

Balance, end of period

$

32,117

$

15,997

$

32,117

$

15,997

Derivative assets - interest rate floors

Balance, beginning of period

$

6,118

$

9,124

$

4,043

$

6,576

Changes in fair value

 

(770)

 

(7,693)

 

1,305

 

(5,145)

Balance, end of period

$

5,348

$

1,431

$

5,348

$

1,431

Derivative assets - interest rate lock commitments

Balance, beginning of period

$

270

$

170

$

30

$

140

Gain (loss) recognized

 

(38)

 

(29)

 

202

 

1

Balance, end of period

$

232

$

141

$

232

$

141

Derivative liabilities - interest rate lock commitments

Balance, beginning of period

$

8

$

127

$

176

$

4

Gain (loss) recognized

 

268

 

(76)

 

100

 

47

Balance, end of period

$

276

$

51

$

276

$

51

Nonrecurring Measurements

The following table presents the fair value measurement of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Fair Value Measurements Using

Quoted Prices in

Significant

Significant

Active Markets for

Other Observable

Unobservable 

Fair

Identical Assets

Inputs

Inputs

Assets

Value

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Collateral dependent loans

$

234,571

$

$

$

234,571

Other real estate owned

$

4,347

$

$

$

4,347

December 31, 2024

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Collateral dependent loans

$

59,915

$

$

$

59,915

Other real estate owned

$

7,313

$

$

$

7,313

Following is a description of the valuation methodologies and inputs used for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and recognized on the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, as well as the general classification of such assets pursuant to the valuation hierarchy. For assets classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, the process used to develop the reported fair value is described below.

Collateral Dependent Loans, Net of ACL-Loans

The estimated fair value of collateral dependent loans is based on the appraised fair value of the collateral, less estimated cost to sell. Collateral dependent loans are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

The Company considers the appraisal or evaluation as the starting point for determining fair value and then considers other factors and events in the environment that may affect the fair value. Appraisals of the collateral underlying collateral-dependent loans are obtained when the loan is determined to be classified as substandard, collateral-dependent and subsequently as deemed necessary by the CCO’s office. Appraisals and evaluations are reviewed for accuracy and consistency by the CCO’s office. Appraisers are selected from the list of approved appraisers maintained by management. The appraised values are reduced by discounts to consider lack of marketability and estimated cost to sell if repayment or satisfaction of the loan is dependent on the sale of the collateral. These discounts and estimates are developed by the CCO’s office by comparison to historical results.

Other Real Estate Owned

The estimated fair value of other real estate owned is usually based on the appraised fair value of the collateral or in certain circumstances on sales agreements, and in all cases net of estimated cost to sell. Other real estate owned is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

The Company considers the appraisal or evaluation as the starting point for determining fair value and then considers other factors and events in the environment that may affect the fair value. Appraisals of the collateral underlying other real estate owned are obtained when the loan is in the process of foreclosure and subsequently as deemed necessary by the CCO’s office. Appraisals and evaluations are reviewed for accuracy and consistency by the CCO’s office. Appraisers are selected from the list of approved appraisers maintained by management. The appraised values are reduced by discounts to consider lack of marketability and estimated costs to sell if repayment or satisfaction of the loan is dependent on the sale of the collateral. These discounts and estimates are developed by the CCO’s office by comparison to historical results.

Unobservable (Level 3) Inputs:

The following table presents quantitative information about unobservable inputs used in recurring and nonrecurring Level 3 fair value measurements other than goodwill.

Valuation

Weighted

    

Fair Value

    

Technique

    

Unobservable Inputs

Range

    

Average

(In thousands)

At September 30, 2025:

 

  

 

  

 

Collateral dependent loans

$

234,571

 

Market comparable properties

 

Marketability discount and costs to sell

0% - 81%

 

15%

Other real estate owned

$

4,347

Market comparable properties

Marketability discount and costs to sell

6%

6%

Servicing rights - Multi-family

$

160,934

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

8% - 15%

 

9%

Constant prepayment rate

0% - 100%

 

8%

Earnings rate on escrows

3%

3%

Servicing rights - Single-family

$

33,281

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

9% - 12%

9%

Constant prepayment rate

3% - 100%

8%

Servicing rights - Healthcare

$

14,625

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

10% - 13%

 

11%

Constant prepayment rate

1% - 100%

 

6%

Earnings rate on escrows

3%

3%

Servicing rights - SBA

$

4,316

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

16%

 

16%

Constant prepayment rate

5% - 23%

15%

Derivative assets:

Interest rate lock commitments

$

232

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Loan closing rates

54% - 100%

 

70%

Put options

$

32,117

Intrinsic value

Market credit spread

4%

4%

Interest rate floors

$

5,348

Discounted cash flow

Discount rate

6% - 7%

7%

Derivative liabilities - interest rate lock commitments

$

276

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Loan closing rates

54% - 100%

 

70%

At December 31, 2024:

 

  

 

  

 

Collateral dependent loans

$

59,915

 

Market comparable properties

 

Marketability discount and costs to sell

0% - 90%

 

29%

Other real estate owned

$

7,313

Market comparable properties

Marketability discount and costs to sell

2% - 8%

5%

Servicing rights - Multi-family

$

146,483

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

8% - 15%

 

9%

Constant prepayment rate

0% - 100%

 

7%

Earnings rate on escrows

3%

3%

Servicing rights - Single-family

$

34,986

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

10% - 11%

10%

Constant prepayment rate

6% - 14%

7%

Servicing rights - Healthcare

$

4,207

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

13%

 

13%

Constant prepayment rate

1% - 2%

 

1%

Earnings rate on escrows

3%

3%

Servicing rights - SBA

$

4,259

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

16%

16%

Constant prepayment rate

4% - 24%

14%

Derivative assets:

Interest rate lock commitments

$

30

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Loan closing rates

71% - 99%

 

87%

Put options

$

31,296

Intrinsic value

Market credit spread

4%

4%

Interest rate floors

$

4,043

Discounted cash flow

Discount rate

6% - 8%

7%

Derivative liabilities - interest rate lock commitments

$

176

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Loan closing rates

71% - 99%

 

87%

Sensitivity of Significant Unobservable Inputs

The following is a discussion of the sensitivity of significant unobservable inputs, the interrelationships between those inputs and other unobservable inputs used in recurring fair value measurement, and of how those inputs might magnify or mitigate the effect of changes in the unobservable inputs on the fair value measurement.

Collateral Dependent Loans and Other Real Estate Owned

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s collateral dependent loans and other real estate owned is based on liquidation amounts of the underlying collateral using the most recently available appraisals with adjustments made for a marketability discount and costs to sell.

Servicing Rights

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s servicing rights are discount rates and constant prepayment rates. These two inputs can drive a significant amount of a market participant’s valuation of servicing rights. Significant increases (decreases) in the discount rate or assumed constant prepayment rates used to value servicing rights would decrease (increase) the value derived.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of certain put options include market credit spreads that can be impacted by market conditions and drive a significant amount of a market participant’s valuation of the put option and its related security. The impact of changes to the unobservable inputs for the put option is mitigated by changes to the observable inputs for the related security, which are valued in opposite directions, so as to minimize the financial impact to the Company.

The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of interest rate floor derivatives associated with certain securities available for sale and loans include the discount rate that can have a significant impact on the value of the derivative. Another variable that affects the floor value is the forward interest curve, which is observable, but changes with market conditions as interest rates and future interest rate expectations change.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table presents the carrying amount and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments not carried at fair value and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Fair Value Measurements Using

Quoted Prices in

Significant

 

Active Markets 

Other

Significant

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable 

Carrying

Fair

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

    

Value

    

Value

    

(Level 1)

    

(Level 2)

    

(Level 3)

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

Financial assets:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Cash and cash equivalents

$

598,036

$

598,036

$

598,036

$

$

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

 

1,529

 

1,529

 

 

1,529

 

Securities held to maturity

 

1,670,555

 

1,670,306

 

 

745,845

 

924,461

FHLB stock and other equity securities

 

217,850

 

217,850

 

 

187,850

 

30,000

Loans held for sale

 

4,016,497

 

4,016,497

 

 

4,016,497

 

Loans receivable, net

 

10,515,221

 

10,441,238

 

 

 

10,441,238

Interest receivable

 

82,445

 

82,445

 

 

82,445

 

Financial liabilities:

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

Deposits

 

13,934,705

 

13,936,641

 

11,870,603

 

2,066,038

 

Subordinated debt

 

71,800

 

71,800

 

 

71,800

 

FHLB advances

 

2,747,845

 

2,737,887

 

 

2,737,887

 

Other borrowing

7,934

7,934

7,934

Credit linked notes

75,052

75,051

75,051

Interest payable

 

32,724

 

32,724

 

 

32,724

 

December 31, 2024

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Financial assets:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Cash and cash equivalents

$

476,610

$

476,610

$

476,610

$

$

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

 

1,559

 

1,559

 

 

1,559

 

Securities held to maturity

1,664,686

1,664,674

 

 

538,871

 

1,125,803

FHLB stock and other equity securities

 

217,804

 

217,804

 

 

187,804

 

30,000

Loans held for sale

 

3,693,340

 

3,693,340

 

 

3,693,340

 

Loans receivable, net

 

10,354,002

 

10,297,439

 

 

 

10,297,439

Interest receivable

 

83,409

 

83,409

 

 

83,409

 

Financial liabilities:

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

Deposits

 

11,919,976

 

11,923,961

 

8,001,487

 

3,922,474

 

Subordinated debt

 

71,800

 

71,800

 

 

71,800

 

FHLB advances

 

4,172,030

 

4,171,843

 

 

4,171,843

 

Other borrowing

57,934

57,934

57,934

Credit linked notes

84,358

84,357

84,357

Interest payable

 

34,475

 

34,475

 

 

34,475

 

v3.25.3
Common Stock
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Common Stock  
Common Stock

Note 13:   Common Stock

Public Offerings of Common Stock:

On May 13, 2024, the Company issued 2,400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, without par value, at a public offering price of $43.00 per share in an underwritten public offering. The aggregate gross offering proceeds for the shares issued by the Company was $103.2 million, and after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions, and offering expenses of $5.5 million paid to third parties, the Company received total net proceeds of $97.7 million.

v3.25.3
Preferred Stock
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Preferred Stock  
Preferred Stock

Note 14:   Preferred Stock

Public Offerings of Preferred Stock:

Series A Preferred Stock – On March 28, 2019, the Company issued 2,000,000 shares of 7.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Series A Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, without par value, and with a liquidation preference of $25 per share. The aggregate gross offering proceeds for the shares issued by the Company was $50.0 million, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $1.7 million paid to third parties, the Company received total net proceeds of $48.3 million. On April 12, 2019, the Company issued an additional 81,800 shares of Series A Preferred Stock to the underwriters related to their exercise of an option to purchase additional shares under the associated underwriting agreement, resulting in an additional $2.0 million in net proceeds, after deducting $41,000 in underwriting discounts.

The Company redeemed all outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred Stock on April 1, 2024 at a price equal to the liquidation preference of $25 per share, or $52.0 million, using cash on hand.

The $1.8 million expenses associated with the original issuance, which were capitalized in 2019, were recognized through retained earnings upon redemption, thus reducing net income available to common shareholders.

Series B Preferred Stock – On August 19, 2019, the Company issued 5,000,000 depositary shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of its 6.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Series B Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, without par value, and with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share (equivalent to $25 per depositary share). The aggregate gross offering proceeds for the shares issued by the Company was $125.0 million, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $4.2 million paid to third parties, the Company received total net proceeds of $120.8 million.

The Company redeemed all outstanding shares of the Series B Preferred Stock on January 2, 2025, at a price equal to the liquidation preference of $1,000 per share (equivalent to $25 per depositary share), or $125.0 million. The cash to redeem the shares was delivered to the Company’s transfer agent on December 31, 2024, resulting in a prepaid asset reported in other assets that was reversed upon redemption. As of the redemption date, the Series B Preferred Stock did not have any accrued, but unpaid dividends.

The $4.2 million expenses associated with the original issuance, which were capitalized in 2019, were recognized through retained earnings upon redemption, thus reducing net income available to common shareholders. Similarly, the redemption resulted in an excise tax of $1.2 million that will not be payable until 2025 taxes are due in 2026, and any future issuance of shares until one year after the redemption can offset the amount of excise tax that will be paid.

Series C Preferred Stock – On March 23, 2021, the Company issued 6,000,000 depositary shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of its 6.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Series C Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, without par value, and with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share (equivalent to $25 per

depositary share). The aggregate gross offering proceeds for the shares issued by the Company was $150.0 million, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $5.1 million paid to third parties, the Company received total net proceeds of $144.9 million.

On May 6, 2021 the Company completed a private offering of 46,181 shares (1,847,233 depositary shares), which were also issued at a price of $25 per depositary share. The total capital raised from the private offering was $46.2 million, net of $23,000 in expenses.

The Series C Preferred Stock has no voting rights with respect to matters that generally require the approval of common shareholders. Dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock, to the extent declared by the Company’s board, are payable quarterly. The Company may redeem the Series C Preferred Stock, in whole or in part, at its option, on any dividend payment date on or after April 1, 2026, subject to the approval of the appropriate federal banking agency, at the liquidation preference, plus any declared and unpaid dividends (without regard to any undeclared dividends) to, but excluding, the date of redemption.

Series D Preferred Stock – On September 27, 2022, the Company issued 5,200,000 depositary shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of its 8.25% Fixed Rate Reset Series D Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, without par value, and with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share (equivalent to $25 per depositary share). The aggregate gross offering proceeds for the shares issued by the Company was $130.0 million, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $4.6 million paid to third parties, the Company received total net proceeds of $125.4 million. On September 30, 2022, the Company issued an additional 500,000 depositary shares of Series D Preferred Stock to the underwriters related to their exercise of an option to purchase additional shares under the associated underwriting agreement, resulting in an additional $12.1 million in net proceeds, after deducting $0.4 million in underwriting discounts.

The Series D Preferred Stock has no voting rights with respect to matters that generally require the approval of common shareholders. Dividends on the Series D Preferred Stock, to the extent declared by the Company’s board, are payable quarterly. The Company may redeem the Series D Preferred Stock, in whole or in part, at its option, on any dividend payment date on or after October 1, 2027, subject to the approval of the appropriate federal banking agency, at the liquidation preference, plus any declared and unpaid dividends (without regard to any undeclared dividends) to, but excluding, the date of redemption.

Series E Preferred Stock – On November 25, 2024, the Company issued 9,200,000 depositary shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of its 7.625% Fixed Rate Reset Series E Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, without par value, and with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share (equivalent to $25 per depositary share). The aggregate gross offering proceeds for the shares issued by the Company was $230.0 million, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses of approximately $7.3 million paid to third parties, the Company received total net proceeds of $222.7 million.

The Series E Preferred Stock has no voting rights with respect to matters that generally require the approval of common shareholders. Dividends on the Series E Preferred Stock, to the extent declared by the Company’s board, are payable quarterly. The Company may redeem the Series E Preferred Stock, in whole or in part, at its option, on any dividend payment date on or after January 1, 2030, subject to the approval of the appropriate federal banking agency, at the liquidation preference, plus any declared and unpaid dividends (without regard to any undeclared dividends) to, but excluding, the date of redemption.

v3.25.3
Share-Based Payment Plans
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Share-Based Payment Plans  
Share-Based Payment Plans

Note 15:   Share-Based Payment Plans

Equity-based incentive awards for Company officers are currently issued pursuant to the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan. The Company issued 0 and 3,446 shares during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company issued 80,875 and 88,658 shares during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors also approved a plan for non-executive directors to receive a portion of their annual retainer fees in the form of shares of common stock. As of January 1, 2024, they are to receive a portion of their annual fees, issued quarterly, in the form of restricted common stock equal to $70,000 per member, rounded up to the nearest whole share. Accordingly, there were 3,780 and 3,010 shares, issued to non-executive directors during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively and there were 10,395 and 9,023 shares, issued to non-executive directors during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The Company also established an ESOP to provide shares of stock for all employees who meet certain requirements. There was no contribution to the ESOP during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. Expenses recognized for the contribution to the ESOP totaled $376,000 and $270,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively and totaled $1.1 million and $843,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company contributed 30,802 shares and 23,414 shares to the ESOP for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

v3.25.3
Earnings Per Share
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Earnings Per Share  
Earnings Per Share

Note 16:   Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share were computed as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

Three Months Ended September 30, 

2025

2024

Weighted-

Per 

Weighted-

Per 

Net

Average

Share

Net

Average

Share

    

Income

    

Shares

    

Amount

    

Income

    

Shares

    

Amount

(In thousands, except share data)

Net income

$

54,701

 

  

 

  

$

61,273

 

  

 

  

Dividends on preferred stock

(10,265)

(7,757)

Net income allocated to common shareholders

$

44,436

 

  

 

  

$

53,516

 

  

 

  

Basic earnings per share

 

  

 

45,887,143

$

0.97

 

  

 

45,759,667

$

1.17

Effect of dilutive securities-restricted stock awards

 

  

 

63,073

 

  

 

  

 

150,385

 

  

Diluted earnings per share

 

  

 

45,950,216

$

0.97

 

  

 

45,910,052

$

1.17

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

2025

2024

 

Weighted-

Per 

Weighted-

Per 

Net

Average

Share

Net

Average

Share

    

Income

    

Shares

    

Amount

    

Income

    

Shares

    

Amount

(In thousands, except share data)

Net income

$

150,921

 

  

 

  

$

224,720

 

  

 

  

Dividends on preferred stock

 

(30,796)

 

  

 

  

 

(24,181)

 

  

 

  

Impact of preferred stock redemption

(5,371)

(1,823)

Net income allocated to common shareholders

$

114,754

 

  

 

  

$

198,716

 

  

 

  

Basic earnings per share

 

  

 

45,865,167

$

2.50

 

  

 

44,549,432

$

4.46

Effect of dilutive securities-restricted stock awards

 

  

 

66,351

 

  

 

  

 

146,675

 

  

Diluted earnings per share

 

  

 

45,931,518

$

2.50

 

  

 

44,696,107

$

4.45

v3.25.3
Segment Information
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Segment Information  
Segment Information

Note 17:   Segment Information

The Company’s three reportable business segments are defined as Multi-family Mortgage Banking, Mortgage Warehousing, and Banking. The reportable business segments are consistent with the internal reporting and evaluation of the principal lines of business of the Company. The Multi-family Mortgage Banking segment originates and services government sponsored mortgages for multi-family and healthcare facilities. It is also a fully integrated syndicator of low-income housing tax credit and debt funds. The Mortgage Warehousing segment funds agency eligible residential loans from the date of origination or purchase, until the date of sale in the secondary market, as well as commercial loans to non-depository financial institutions. The Banking segment provides a wide range of financial products and services to consumers and businesses, including retail banking, commercial lending, agricultural lending, retail and correspondent residential mortgage banking, and SBA lending. The Other segment includes general and administrative expenses that provide services to all segments; internal funds transfer pricing offsets resulting from allocations to/from the other segments, certain elimination entries and investments in qualified affordable housing limited partnerships or LLCs and certain debt funds. All operations are domestic.

The Company’s segments diversify the net income of Merchants Bank and provide synergies across the segments. Strategic opportunities come from MCC and MCS, where loans are funded by the Banking segment and the Banking segment provides Ginnie Mae custodial services to MCC and MCS. Low-income tax credit syndication and debt fund offerings complement the lending activities of new and existing multi-family mortgage customers. The securities available for sale and held to maturity funded by MCC custodial deposits or purchases of securitized loans originated by MCC are pledged to the FHLB to provide advance capacity during periods of high residential loan volume for Mortgage Warehousing. Mortgage Warehousing provides leads to Correspondent Lending in the Banking segment. Retail and commercial customers provide cross selling opportunities within the Banking segment. Merchants Mortgage is a risk mitigant to Mortgage Warehousing because it provides us with a ready platform to sell or refinance the underlying collateral to secure repayment. These and other synergies form a part of our strategic plan.

The reportable business segments are strategic business units that offer distinct, but complimentary, products and services. Due to the specialized nature of each segment and different resource requirements, they are managed separately.

The Company’s CODM is the president and chief operating officer. The CODM evaluates performance for all reportable segments based on net interest income, noninterest income, noninterest expense, and net income (loss). The CODM uses the above-mentioned metrics along with total assets in deciding how to allocate capital as well as human and financial resources among the segments. Major decisions are also made with input from segment leadership, the Board of Directors, and various management committees, as appropriate.

The tables below present selected business segment financial information for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

Multi-family

    

 

Mortgage 

Mortgage

 

    

Banking

    

Warehousing

    

Banking

    

Other

    

Total

(In thousands)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025

Interest income

$

1,122

$

109,538

$

187,464

$

3,655

 

$

301,779

Interest expense

 

20

 

73,778

 

100,742

 

(819)

 

 

173,721

Net interest income

 

1,102

 

35,760

 

86,722

 

4,474

 

 

128,058

Provision for credit losses

 

(5)

 

1,343

 

27,901

 

 

 

29,239

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

 

1,107

 

34,417

 

58,821

 

4,474

 

 

98,819

Noninterest income

 

45,257

 

523

 

775

 

(3,541)

 

 

43,014

Noninterest expense

 

30,962

 

7,398

 

25,425

 

13,465

 

 

77,250

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

15,402

 

27,542

 

34,171

 

(12,532)

 

 

64,583

Income taxes

 

3,326

 

3,978

 

4,620

 

(2,042)

 

 

9,882

Net income (loss)

$

12,076

$

23,564

$

29,551

$

(10,490)

 

$

54,701

Total assets

$

513,039

$

6,993,817

$

11,522,375

$

325,416

 

$

19,354,647

Significant non-cash items:

Included in other noninterest income:

Servicing rights fair value adjustments

$

2,517

$

$

(394)

$

 

$

2,123

Derivative fair value adjustments

(770)

(770)

Multi-family

 

Mortgage 

Mortgage

 

    

Banking

    

Warehousing

    

Banking

    

Other

    

Total

(In thousands)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

Interest income

$

1,159

$

103,770

$

229,586

$

4,413

 

$

338,928

Interest expense

 

20

 

70,727

 

136,158

 

(798)

 

 

206,107

Net interest income

 

1,139

 

33,043

 

93,428

 

5,211

 

 

132,821

Provision for credit losses

 

(741)

 

(709)

 

8,348

 

 

 

6,898

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

 

1,880

 

33,752

 

85,080

 

5,211

 

 

125,923

Noninterest income

 

35,439

 

(6,073)

 

(8,916)

 

(3,708)

 

 

16,742

Noninterest expense

 

25,747

 

6,591

 

16,964

 

12,016

 

 

61,318

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

11,572

 

21,088

 

59,200

 

(10,513)

 

 

81,347

Income taxes

 

3,504

 

5,148

 

14,217

 

(2,795)

 

 

20,074

Net income (loss)

$

8,068

$

15,940

$

44,983

$

(7,718)

 

$

61,273

Total assets

$

453,281

$

5,842,489

$

12,035,581

$

321,625

 

$

18,652,976

Significant non-cash items:

Included in other noninterest income:

Servicing rights fair value adjustments

$

(5,122)

$

$

(1,607)

$

 

$

(6,729)

Derivative fair value adjustments

(7,693)

(7,693)

Multi-family

    

 

Mortgage 

Mortgage

 

    

Banking

    

Warehousing

    

Banking

    

Other

    

Total

(In thousands)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

Interest income

$

3,440

$

296,425

$

582,050

$

11,467

 

$

893,382

Interest expense

 

60

 

199,266

 

317,496

 

(2,413)

 

 

514,409

Net interest income

 

3,380

 

97,159

 

264,554

 

13,880

 

 

378,973

Provision for credit losses

 

(398)

 

2,702

 

87,689

 

 

 

89,993

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

 

3,778

 

94,457

 

176,865

 

13,880

 

 

288,980

Noninterest income

 

118,905

 

6,603

 

2,991

 

(11,312)

 

 

117,187

Noninterest expense

 

89,091

 

23,814

 

66,098

 

37,248

 

 

216,251

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

33,592

 

77,246

 

113,758

 

(34,680)

 

 

189,916

Income taxes

 

8,834

 

15,298

 

22,526

 

(7,663)

 

 

38,995

Net income (loss)

$

24,758

$

61,948

$

91,232

$

(27,017)

 

$

150,921

Total assets

$

513,039

$

6,993,817

$

11,522,375

$

325,416

 

$

19,354,647

Significant non-cash items:

Included in other noninterest income:

Servicing rights fair value adjustments

$

3,711

$

$

(2,084)

$

 

$

1,627

Derivative fair value adjustments

1,305

1,305

Multi-family

 

Mortgage 

Mortgage

 

    

Banking

    

Warehousing

    

Banking

    

Other

    

Total

(In thousands)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

Interest income

$

4,040

$

289,835

$

676,659

$

10,840

 

$

981,374

Interest expense

 

60

 

195,051

 

400,623

 

(2,356)

 

 

593,378

Net interest income

 

3,980

 

94,784

 

276,036

 

13,196

 

 

387,996

Provision for credit losses

 

(741)

 

1,226

 

21,104

 

 

 

21,589

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

 

4,721

 

93,558

 

254,932

 

13,196

 

 

366,407

Noninterest income

 

107,889

 

(1,010)

 

(7,293)

 

(10,619)

 

 

88,967

Noninterest expense

 

65,969

 

16,063

 

47,527

 

31,051

 

 

160,610

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

46,641

 

76,485

 

200,112

 

(28,474)

 

 

294,764

Income taxes

 

12,927

 

18,085

 

46,326

 

(7,294)

 

 

70,044

Net income (loss)

$

33,714

$

58,400

$

153,786

$

(21,180)

 

$

224,720

Total assets

$

453,281

$

5,842,489

$

12,035,581

$

321,625

 

$

18,652,976

Significant non-cash items:

Included in other noninterest income:

Servicing rights fair value adjustments

$

12,575

$

$

(273)

$

 

$

12,302

Derivative fair value adjustments

(5,145)

(5,145)

v3.25.3
Regulatory Matters
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Regulatory Matters  
Regulatory Matters

Note 18:   Regulatory Matters

The Company and Merchants Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by federal and state banking regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and Merchants Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Company’s and Merchants Bank’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Company’s and Merchants Bank’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, and other factors. Furthermore, the Company’s and Merchants Bank’s regulators could require adjustments to regulatory capital not reflected in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company and Merchants Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below). Management believes, as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, that the Company and Merchants Bank met all capital adequacy requirements. For additional information regarding dividend restrictions, see the Company’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10–K.

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the most recent notifications from the Federal Reserve categorized the Company as well capitalized and most recent notifications from the FDIC categorized Merchants Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the Company’s or Merchants Bank’s category.

The Company’s and Merchants Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following tables.

Minimum

Amount to be Well

Minimum Amount

Capitalized with

To Be Well

Actual

Basel III Buffer(1)

Capitalized(1)

    

Amount

    

Ratio

    

Amount

    

Ratio

Amount

    

Ratio

    

(Dollars in thousands)

September 30, 2025

Total capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

Company

$

2,320,759

 

13.6

%  

$

1,788,780

 

10.5

%  

$

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,274,675

 

13.4

%  

 

1,787,525

 

10.5

%  

 

1,702,405

 

10.0

%  

Tier I capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Company

 

2,216,963

 

13.0

%  

 

1,448,060

 

8.5

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,170,879

 

12.8

%  

 

1,447,044

 

8.5

%  

 

1,361,924

 

8.0

%  

Common Equity Tier I capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

Company

 

1,665,673

 

9.8

%  

 

1,192,520

 

7.0

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,170,879

 

12.8

%  

 

1,191,683

 

7.0

%  

 

1,106,563

 

6.5

%  

Tier I capital(1) (to average assets)

 

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

Company

 

2,216,963

 

11.8

%  

 

940,224

 

5.0

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,170,879

 

11.6

%  

 

937,309

 

5.0

%  

 

937,309

 

5.0

%  

(1)As defined by regulatory agencies.

Minimum

Amount to be Well

Minimum Amount

Capitalized with

To Be Well

Actual

Basel III Buffer(1)

Capitalized(1)

    

Amount

    

Ratio

    

Amount

    

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2024

Total capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

Company

$

2,334,479

 

13.9

%  

$

1,767,835

 

10.5

%  

$

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,165,193

 

12.9

%  

 

1,763,982

 

10.5

%  

 

1,679,983

 

10.0

%  

Tier I capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Company

 

2,234,658

 

13.3

%  

 

1,431,105

 

8.5

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,065,372

 

12.3

%  

 

1,427,985

 

8.5

%  

 

1,343,986

 

8.0

%  

Common Equity Tier I capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

Company

 

1,562,524

 

9.3

%  

 

1,178,557

 

7.0

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,065,372

 

12.3

%  

 

1,175,988

 

7.0

%  

 

1,091,989

 

6.5

%  

Tier I capital(1) (to average assets)

 

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

Company

 

2,234,658

 

12.1

%  

 

925,180

 

5.0

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,065,372

 

11.2

%  

 

922,006

 

5.0

%  

 

922,006

 

5.0

%  

(1)As defined by regulatory agencies.

Memorandum of Understanding

On June 30, 2025, the Bank entered into a confidential MOU with the FDIC and DFI. While the contents of the MOU are confidential under DFI and FDIC regulations, certain provisions, with the authorization of the DFI and FDIC, are summarized below. The MOU is an informal administrative agreement among the Bank, FDIC, and DFI pursuant to which the Bank has agreed to take various actions and enhance specific areas of the Bank’s operations. In particular, the Bank has agreed to maintain certain capital thresholds, manage asset concentrations, and implement certain plans regarding the Bank’s operations and strategy to mitigate risk of certain assets, which it has already implemented. As of September 30, 2025, and as of each of the reporting periods beginning on or after December 31, 2024, the Bank’s capital exceeded the levels agreed to in the MOU and the Bank was within the asset concentration limits agreed to in the MOU. The MOU will remain in effect until modified or terminated by the FDIC and DFI.

The Company’s principal source of funds for dividend payments to shareholders is dividends received from the Bank. Banking statutes and regulations limit the maximum amount of dividends that a bank may pay without requesting prior approval of regulatory agencies. Under Indiana law, the Bank may not pay a dividend if such dividend would be greater than retained net income (as defined) for the current year plus those for the previous two years. Additionally, under the MOU, if the Bank’s capital ratios fall below the minimums agreed to, the Bank may not pay dividends without the FDIC and DFI’s prior consent.

Management does not expect the actions called for by these regulatory actions to have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial performance or the Bank’s ongoing day-to-day operations, although they may have the effect of limiting or delaying the Company’s or the Bank’s ability or plans to expand. 

v3.25.3
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Net Income (Loss) $ 54,701 $ 61,273 $ 150,921 $ 224,720
v3.25.3
Insider Trading Arrangements
3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
v3.25.3
Basis of Presentation (Policies)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Basis of Presentation  
Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the period ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 include results from the Company, and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Merchants Bank, FMBI (until its branches were sold and its bank charter merged into Merchants Bank on January 26, 2024), and MAM. Also included are Merchants Bank’s primary operating subsidiaries, MCC, MCS, and MCI, as well as all direct and indirectly owned subsidiaries owned by Merchants Bancorp.

The results of Merchants Foundation, Inc., a nonprofit corporation, are consolidated with the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in all periods presented.

In addition, when the Company makes an equity investment in or has a relationship with an entity for which it holds a variable interest, it is evaluated for consolidation requirements under ASC Topic 810. Accordingly, the Company assesses the entities for potential consolidation as a VIE and would only consolidate those entities for which it is the primary beneficiary. A primary beneficiary is defined as the party that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity, and an interest that could be significant to the entity. To determine if an interest could be significant to the entity, both qualitative and quantitative factors regarding the nature, size and form of the Company’s involvement with the entity are evaluated. Alternatively, under the voting interest model, it would only consolidate those entities for which it has a controlling interest.

The Company holds a variable interest in an investment for which it is the primary beneficiary, and its results have been consolidated in all periods presented. The investment is recorded on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets in other assets and the significant liabilities in borrowings. Additionally, the Company has certain variable interest investments that it was deemed not to be the primary beneficiary of as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. These VIEs are not consolidated and the equity method or proportional amortization method of accounting has been applied. The Company will analyze whether the primary beneficiary designation has changed through triggering events on a prospective basis. Changes in facts and circumstances occurring since the previous

primary beneficiary determination will be considered as part of this ongoing assessment. See Note 8: Variable Interest Entities (VIEs) for additional information about VIEs.

All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses on loans and fair values of servicing rights and financial instruments.

Restricted Cash

Restricted Cash

Included in cash equivalents is an account restricted as collateral for the potential risk of loss on senior credit linked notes issued by the Company in March 2023. The balance of the notes as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $76.9 million and $87.6 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was $83.8 million and $33.5 million, respectively, in restricted cash held in a separate account included in the total of interest-earning demand accounts on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Also see Note 10: Borrowings.

Reclassifications

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2024 unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statement presentation as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. These reclassifications had no effect on net income.

Other

Other

The Company and its subsidiaries can be parties to various claims and proceedings arising in the normal course of business. Management, after consultation with legal counsel, believes that the contingent liabilities, if any, arising from such proceedings and claims will not be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The Company continually monitors for potential accounting standards updates and SEC releases. The following updates and releases have been deemed to have the most applicability to the Company’s financial statements:

FASB ASU 2023-09 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures

In December 2023, the FASB issued an ASU that will require a public business entity’s disclosures to include an enhanced tabular tax rate reconciliation. The update will also require all public entities disclose income tax expense

and taxes paid broken down by federal, state, and foreign with a disaggregation for jurisdictions that exceed 5% of income for taxes paid.

The updates in ASU 2023-09 are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. An entity shall apply the ASU on a prospective basis to financial statements for annual periods beginning after the effective date. The Company does not expect it to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

FASB ASU 2024-03 - Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses

In November 2024, the FASB issued an ASU which is intended to provide more detailed information about specified categories of expenses (purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation and amortization) included in certain expense captions presented on the face of our consolidated statements of income.

The updates in ASU 2024-03 are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. An entity may apply the ASU on a prospective basis to financial statements for annual periods beginning after the effective date. The Company is continuing to evaluate the impact of adopting this new guidance.

v3.25.3
Investment Securities (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Investment Securities  
Schedule of amortized cost and approximate fair values, together with gross unrealized gains and losses

September 30, 2025

Gross

Gross

Amortized

Unrealized

Unrealized

Fair

    

Cost

    

Gains

    

Losses

    

Value

(In thousands)

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Treasury notes

$

30,578

$

22

$

$

30,600

Federal Agencies

 

259,819

 

4

 

296

 

259,527

Mortgage-backed - Government Agency (2) - multi-family

3,571

7

3,564

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - residential - fair value option (1)

399,567

399,567

Mortgage-backed - Agency - residential - fair value option (1)

191,812

191,812

Total securities available for sale

$

885,347

$

26

$

303

$

885,070

Securities held to maturity:

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - multi-family

$

460,623

$

$

1,154

$

459,469

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - residential

733,208

1,677

104

734,781

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - healthcare

464,997

5

464,992

Mortgage-backed - Agency - multi-family

11,727

663

11,064

Total securities held to maturity

$

1,670,555

$

1,677

$

1,926

$

1,670,306

FHLB and other equity securities (3)

$

217,850

(1)Fair value option securities represent securities which the Company has elected to carry at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized in earnings as they occur.
(2)Agency includes government sponsored entities, such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Ginnie Mae, FHLB and FCB.
(3)The Company reports the carrying value utilizing the measurement alternative election, reflecting any impairments or other adjustments if observable price changes occur for identical or similar investments of the same issuer.

December 31, 2024

Gross

Gross

Amortized

Unrealized

Unrealized

Fair

    

Cost

    

Gains

    

Losses

    

Value

(In thousands)

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Treasury notes

$

89,898

$

108

$

$

90,006

Federal Agencies

 

253,218

 

 

282

 

252,936

Mortgage-backed - Government Agency (2) - multi-family

1,162

1,162

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - residential - fair value option (1)

430,779

430,779

Mortgage-backed - Agency - residential - fair value option (1)

205,167

205,167

Total securities available for sale

$

980,224

$

108

$

282

$

980,050

Securities held to maturity:

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - multi-family

$

592,053

$

$

1,162

$

590,891

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - residential

526,242

1,871

75

528,038

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - healthcare

534,538

374

534,912

Mortgage-backed - Agency - multi-family

11,853

1,020

10,833

Total securities held to maturity

$

1,664,686

$

2,245

$

2,257

$

1,664,674

FHLB and other equity securities (3)

$

217,804

(1)Fair value option securities represent securities which the Company has elected to carry at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized in earnings as they occur.
(2)Agency includes government sponsored entities, such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Ginnie Mae, FHLB, and FCB.

(3)

The Company reports the carrying value utilizing the measurement alternative election, reflecting any impairments or other adjustments if observable price changes occur for identical or similar investments of the same issuer.

Schedule of amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale securities and held to maturity securities by contractual maturity

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

Amortized

Fair

Amortized

Fair

    

Cost

    

Value

    

Cost

    

Value

(In thousands)

Securities available for sale:

Within one year

$

55,397

$

55,422

$

89,898

$

90,006

After one through five years

 

235,000

 

234,705

 

253,218

 

252,936

 

290,397

 

290,127

 

343,116

 

342,942

Mortgage-backed - Agency - multi-family

3,571

3,564

1,162

1,162

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential - fair value option

399,567

399,567

430,779

430,779

Mortgage-backed - Agency - residential - fair value option

191,812

191,812

205,167

205,167

$

885,347

$

885,070

$

980,224

$

980,050

Securities held to maturity:

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - multi-family

$

460,623

$

459,469

$

592,053

$

590,891

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - residential

733,208

734,781

526,242

528,038

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - healthcare

464,997

464,992

534,538

534,912

Mortgage-backed - Agency - multi-family

11,727

11,064

 

11,853

 

10,833

$

1,670,555

$

1,670,306

$

1,664,686

$

1,664,674

Schedule of gross unrealized losses and fair value of investments with unrealized losses have been in continuous

September 30, 2025

12 Months or

Less than 12 Months

 Longer

Total

Gross

Gross

Gross

Fair

Unrealized

Fair

Unrealized

Fair

Unrealized

    

Value

    

Losses

    

Value

    

Losses

    

Value

    

Losses

(In thousands)

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Federal Agencies

$

234,704

$

296

$

$

$

234,704

$

296

Mortgage-backed - Agency

3,564

7

3,564

7

$

238,268

$

303

$

$

$

238,268

$

303

December 31, 2024

12 Months or

Less than 12 Months

Longer

Total

    

    

Gross

    

    

Gross

    

    

Gross

Fair

Unrealized

Fair

Unrealized

Fair

Unrealized

Value

Losses

Value

Losses

Value

Losses

(In thousands)

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Federal Agencies

$

252,936

$

282

$

$

$

252,936

$

282

v3.25.3
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans  
Schedule of loans

September 30, 

December 31, 

    

2025

    

2024

(In thousands)

Mortgage warehouse repurchase agreements(4)

$

1,645,884

$

1,446,068

Residential real estate(1)

 

1,008,979

 

1,322,853

Multi-family financing

 

4,877,477

 

4,624,299

Healthcare financing

1,476,046

1,484,483

Commercial and commercial real estate(2)(3)(4)

 

1,514,445

 

1,476,211

Agricultural production and real estate

 

84,824

 

77,631

Consumer and margin loans

 

896

 

6,843

Loans Receivable

 

10,608,551

 

10,438,388

Less:

 

  

 

  

ACL-Loans

 

93,330

 

84,386

Loans Receivable, net

$

10,515,221

$

10,354,002

(1)Includes $0.8 billion and $1.2 billion of All-in-One© first-lien home equity lines of credit at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(2)Includes $0.9 billion and $0.9 billion revolving lines of credit collateralized primarily by single-family mortgage servicing rights as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(3)Includes only $19.6 million and $18.7 million of non-owner occupied commercial real estate as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(4)The warehouse portfolio is exclusively made up of loans to residential and multi-family mortgage bankers that are funding agency-eligible mortgages and commercial loans, which represent all of the Company’s loans to non-depository institutions.
Schedule of allowance for credit loss on loan methodology by loan portfolio segment

Loan Portfolio Segment

    

ACL-Loans Methodology

Mortgage warehouse repurchase agreements

Remaining Life Method

Residential real estate loans

Discounted Cash Flow

Multi-family financing

Discounted Cash Flow

Healthcare financing

Discounted Cash Flow

Commercial and commercial real estate

Discounted Cash Flow

Agricultural production and real estate

Remaining Life Method

Consumer and margin loans

Remaining Life Method

Schedule of the activity in the ACL-Loans by portfolio segment

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025

 

MTG WHRA

 

RES RE

 

MF FIN

 

HC FIN

CML & CRE

 

AG & AGRE

 

CON & MAR

 

TOTAL

(In thousands)

ACL-Loans

Balance, beginning of period

$

4,914

$

4,511

 

$

63,471

$

6,344

$

11,860

$

637

$

74

$

91,811

Provision for credit losses

 

(479)

 

220

 

22,653

6,812

 

1,836

 

17

 

(63)

 

30,996

Loans charged to the allowance

 

 

 

(27,630)

 

(1,870)

 

 

 

(29,500)

Recoveries of loans previously charged-off

 

 

 

 

23

 

 

 

23

Balance, end of period

$

4,435

$

4,731

$

58,494

$

13,156

$

11,849

$

654

$

11

$

93,330

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

 

MTG WHRA

 

RES RE

 

MF FIN

 

HC FIN

CML & CRE

 

AG & AGRE

 

CON & MAR

 

TOTAL

(In thousands)

ACL-Loans

Balance, beginning of period

$

3,616

$

6,323

 

$

34,412

$

23,522

$

12,591

$

489

$

75

$

81,028

Provision for credit losses

 

(414)

 

129

 

12,745

(7,119)

 

209

 

13

 

11

 

5,574

Loans charged to the allowance

 

 

 

(1,933)

 

(127)

 

 

 

(2,060)

Recoveries of loans previously charged-off

 

 

2

 

 

5

 

 

 

7

Balance, end of period

$

3,202

$

6,454

$

45,224

$

16,403

$

12,678

$

502

$

86

$

84,549

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

  

MTG WHRA

  

RES RE

  

MF FIN

  

HC FIN

CML & CRE

  

AG & AGRE

  

CON & MAR

  

TOTAL

(In thousands)

ACL-Loans

Balance, beginning of period

$

3,816

$

5,942

$

55,126

$

8,562

$

10,293

$

539

$

108

$

84,386

Provision for credit losses

 

619

(1,211)

79,701

12,091

3,745

115

(97)

94,963

Loans charged to the allowance

 

(76,333)

(7,497)

(2,240)

(86,070)

Recoveries of loans previously charged-off

 

51

 

51

Balance, end of period

$

4,435

$

4,731

$

58,494

$

13,156

$

11,849

$

654

$

11

$

93,330

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

  

MTG WHRA

  

RES RE

  

MF FIN

  

HC FIN

CML & CRE

  

AG & AGRE

  

CON & MAR

  

TOTAL

(In thousands)

ACL-Loans

Balance, beginning of period

$

2,070

$

7,323

$

26,874

$

22,454

$

12,243

$

619

$

169

$

71,752

FMBI's ACL for loans sold

(55)

(186)

(2)

(92)

(246)

(12)

(593)

Provision for credit losses

 

1,132

(829)

23,818

(6,049)

1,674

129

(71)

 

19,804

Loans charged to the allowance

 

(5,282)

(1,155)

 

(6,437)

Recoveries of loans previously charged-off

 

15

8

 

23

Balance, end of period

$

3,202

$

6,454

$

45,224

$

16,403

$

12,678

$

502

$

86

$

84,549

Year Ended December 31, 2024

 

MTG WHRA

 

RES RE

 

MF FIN

 

HC FIN

CML & CRE

 

AG & AGRE

 

CON & MAR

 

TOTAL

(In thousands)

ACL-Loans

Balance, beginning of period

$

2,070

$

7,323

 

$

26,874

$

22,454

$

12,243

$

619

$

169

$

71,752

FMBI's ACL for loans sold

(55)

(186)

(2)

(92)

(246)

(12)

(593)

Provision for credit losses

 

1,746

 

(1,340)

 

33,674

(10,795)

 

276

 

166

 

(49)

 

23,678

Loans charged to the allowance

 

 

 

(5,282)

(3,095)

 

(2,210)

 

 

 

(10,587)

Recoveries of loans previously charged-off

 

 

14

 

46

 

76

 

 

 

136

Balance, end of period

$

3,816

$

5,942

$

55,126

$

8,562

$

10,293

$

539

$

108

$

84,386

Schedule of allowance for credit loss allocated to collateral dependent loans

September 30, 2025

    

Real Estate

    

Accounts Receivable / Equipment

    

Other

    

Total

    

ACL-Loans Allocation

(In thousands)

RES RE

$

7,303

$

$

$

7,303

$

37

MF FIN

307,977

307,977

25,460

HC FIN

 

101,363

 

 

 

101,363

 

7,017

CML & CRE

 

8,770

 

 

883

 

9,653

 

685

AG & AGRE

 

181

 

4

 

 

185

 

2

Total collateral dependent loans

$

425,594

$

4

$

883

$

426,481

$

33,201

December 31, 2024

    

Real Estate

    

Accounts Receivable / Equipment

    

Other

    

Total

    

ACL-Loans Allocation

(In thousands)

RES RE

$

6,153

$

$

$

6,153

$

31

MF FIN

227,054

693

227,747

22,265

HC FIN

73,225

73,225

2,569

CML & CRE

 

8,125

 

1,447

 

629

 

10,201

 

358

AG & AGRE

 

 

6

 

 

6

 

1

Total collateral dependent loans

$

314,557

$

1,453

$

1,322

$

317,332

$

25,224

Schedule of credit risk profile of loan portfolio

September 30, 2025

    

2025

    

2024

    

2023

2022

    

2021

    

Prior

    

Revolving Loans

    

TOTAL

(In thousands)

MTG WHRA

Pass

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,645,884

$

1,645,884

Total

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,645,884

$

1,645,884

RES RE

Pass

$

43,270

$

34,729

$

26,198

$

7,369

$

4,969

$

21,829

$

863,312

$

1,001,676

Substandard

22

129

7,152

7,303

Total

$

43,270

$

34,729

$

26,198

$

7,391

$

4,969

$

21,958

$

870,464

$

1,008,979

MF FIN

Pass

$

916,026

$

717,584

$

294,311

$

54,361

$

21,178

$

8,590

$

2,469,270

$

4,481,320

Special Mention

26,896

57,566

2,309

1,409

88,180

Substandard

35,425

13,666

140,354

91,203

27,329

307,977

Total

$

978,347

$

788,816

$

434,665

$

145,564

$

21,178

$

10,899

$

2,498,008

$

4,877,477

Charge-offs

$

$

$

25,069

$

47,614

$

$

3,650

$

$

76,333

HC FIN

Pass

$

768,087

$

15,009

$

46,263

$

63,088

$

$

$

421,691

$

1,314,138

Special Mention

38,505

16,100

5,940

60,545

Substandard

18,057

31,539

25,600

20,317

5,850

101,363

Total

$

824,649

$

62,648

$

71,863

$

63,088

$

20,317

$

$

433,481

$

1,476,046

Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

$

5,296

$

2,201

$

$

7,497

CML & CRE

Pass

$

51,415

$

50,462

$

45,215

$

61,529

$

36,070

$

31,466

$

1,221,732

$

1,497,889

Special Mention

3,297

827

1,384

1,176

143

76

6,903

Substandard

250

226

621

8,533

23

9,653

Total

$

54,712

$

50,712

$

46,268

$

63,534

$

45,779

$

31,632

$

1,221,808

$

1,514,445

Charge-offs

$

$

266

$

254

$

160

$

1,560

$

$

$

2,240

AG & AGRE

Pass

$

10,929

$

15,731

$

7,129

$

4,581

$

2,851

$

20,241

$

23,088

$

84,550

Special Mention

89

89

Substandard

4

181

185

Total

$

11,018

$

15,731

$

7,133

$

4,762

$

2,851

$

20,241

$

23,088

$

84,824

CON & MAR

Pass

$

120

$

226

$

17

$

6

$

1

$

$

526

$

896

Total

$

120

$

226

$

17

$

6

$

1

$

$

526

$

896

Total Pass

$

1,789,847

$

833,741

$

419,133

$

190,934

$

65,069

$

82,126

$

6,645,503

$

10,026,353

Total Special Mention

$

68,787

$

73,666

$

827

$

1,384

$

1,176

$

2,452

$

7,425

$

155,717

Total Substandard

$

53,482

$

45,455

$

166,184

$

92,027

$

28,850

$

152

$

40,331

$

426,481

Total Loans

$

1,912,116

$

952,862

$

586,144

$

284,345

$

95,095

$

84,730

$

6,693,259

$

10,608,551

Total Charge-offs

$

$

266

$

25,323

$

47,774

$

6,856

$

5,851

$

$

86,070

December 31, 2024

    

2024

    

2023

    

2022

    

2021

    

2020

    

Prior

    

Revolving Loans

    

TOTAL

(In thousands)

MTG WHRA

Pass

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,446,068

$

1,446,068

Total

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,446,068

$

1,446,068

RES RE

Pass

$

40,363

$

30,750

$

8,212

$

6,181

$

18,712

$

6,210

$

1,206,272

$

1,316,700

Substandard

22

203

5,928

6,153

Total

$

40,363

$

30,750

$

8,234

$

6,181

$

18,712

$

6,413

$

1,212,200

$

1,322,853

MF FIN

Pass

$

1,028,288

$

518,320

$

419,723

$

66,787

$

5,460

$

10,456

$

2,109,707

$

4,158,741

Special Mention

88,337

77,700

57,679

238

13,857

237,811

Substandard

18,884

105,553

76,093

2,550

24,667

227,747

Total

$

1,135,509

$

701,573

$

553,495

$

69,337

$

5,460

$

10,694

$

2,148,231

$

4,624,299

Charge-offs

$

$

870

$

4,412

$

$

$

$

$

5,282

HC FIN

Pass

$

460,259

$

112,223

$

466,393

$

$

$

$

234,316

$

1,273,191

Special Mention

32,547

8,900

96,620

138,067

Substandard

13,961

25,600

25,363

8,301

73,225

Total

$

506,767

$

137,823

$

475,293

$

25,363

$

$

$

339,237

$

1,484,483

Charge-offs

$

$

$

$

3,095

$

$

$

$

3,095

CML & CRE

Pass

$

52,323

$

45,999

$

107,451

$

48,903

$

16,264

$

18,216

$

1,172,763

$

1,461,919

Special Mention

2,331

1,633

52

75

4,091

Substandard

40

150

110

8,835

41

1,025

10,201

Total

$

52,363

$

46,149

$

109,892

$

59,371

$

16,264

$

18,309

$

1,173,863

$

1,476,211

Charge-offs

$

$

$

253

$

982

$

$

975

$

$

2,210

AG & AGRE

Pass

$

17,328

$

7,373

$

4,676

$

3,170

$

8,790

$

13,705

$

22,583

$

77,625

Substandard

6

6

Total

$

17,328

$

7,379

$

4,676

$

3,170

$

8,790

$

13,705

$

22,583

$

77,631

CON & MAR

Pass

$

326

$

75

$

18

$

9

$

$

4,151

$

2,264

$

6,843

Total

$

326

$

75

$

18

$

9

$

$

4,151

$

2,264

$

6,843

Total Pass

$

1,598,887

$

714,740

$

1,006,473

$

125,050

$

49,226

$

52,738

$

6,193,973

$

9,741,087

Total Special Mention

$

120,884

$

77,700

$

68,910

$

1,633

$

$

290

$

110,552

$

379,969

Total Substandard

$

32,885

$

131,309

$

76,225

$

36,748

$

$

244

$

39,921

$

317,332

Total Loans

$

1,752,656

$

923,749

$

1,151,608

$

163,431

$

49,226

$

53,272

$

6,344,446

$

10,438,388

Total Charge-offs

$

$

870

$

4,665

$

4,077

$

$

975

$

$

10,587

Schedule of aging analysis of the recorded investment in loans

September 30, 2025

    

30-59 Days

    

60-89 Days

    

90+ Days

    

Total

    

    

Total

Past Due

Past Due

Past Due

Past Due

Current

Loans

(Dollars in thousands)

MTG WHRA

$

$

$

$

$

1,645,884

$

1,645,884

RES RE

3,006

2,831

 

3,048

 

8,885

 

1,000,094

 

1,008,979

MF FIN

8,391

11,850

 

203,870

 

224,111

 

4,653,366

 

4,877,477

HC FIN

21,248

67,867

89,115

1,386,931

1,476,046

CML & CRE

 

2,434

 

2,434

 

1,512,011

 

1,514,445

AG & AGRE

31

 

4

 

35

 

84,789

 

84,824

CON & MAR

 

 

 

896

 

896

$

32,645

$

14,712

$

277,223

$

324,580

$

10,283,971

$

10,608,551

%

%

3

%

3

%

97

%

100

%

December 31, 2024

    

30-59 Days

    

60-89 Days

    

90+ Days

    

Total

    

    

Total

Past Due

Past Due

Past Due

Past Due

Current

Loans

(Dollars in thousands)

MTG WHRA

$

 

$

$

$

$

1,446,068

$

1,446,068

RES RE

1,294

 

3,797

 

2,339

 

7,430

 

1,315,423

 

1,322,853

MF FIN

8,497

 

11,148

 

201,508

 

221,153

 

4,403,146

 

4,624,299

HC FIN

59,264

59,264

1,425,219

1,484,483

CML & CRE

596

 

688

 

3,047

 

4,331

 

1,471,880

 

1,476,211

AG & AGRE

73

 

 

12

 

85

 

77,546

 

77,631

CON & MAR

 

 

 

 

6,843

 

6,843

$

10,460

$

15,633

$

266,170

$

292,263

$

10,146,125

$

10,438,388

%

%

3

%

3

%

97

%

100

%

Schedule of nonperforming loans and nonperforming assets

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

Total Loans >

Total Loans >

90 Days &

90 Days &

Nonaccrual

Accruing

Nonaccrual

Accruing

(In thousands)

RES RE

$

7,303

$

$

6,154

$

MF FIN

 

211,567

 

201,508

 

HC FIN

60,824

16,100

69,001

CML & CRE

2,470

3,047

AG & AGRE

4

6

6

$

282,168

$

16,100

$

279,716

$

6

Schedule of company's modified loans

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

  

Payment Delay

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Total Class of Financing Receivable

% of Total Class of Financing Receivable

  

Payment Delay

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Total Class of Financing Receivable

% of Total Class of Financing Receivable

  

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

MF FIN

$

$

33,453

$

7,698

$

41,151

1

%

$

$

58,695

$

40,235

$

98,930

2

%

HC FIN

 

37,305

9,057

46,362

3

%

 

 

37,305

9,057

46,362

3

%

CML & CRE

595

595

%

595

178

773

%

Total

$

$

71,353

$

16,755

$

88,108

1

%

$

$

96,595

$

49,470

$

146,065

1

%

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

Payment Delay

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Total Class of Financing Receivable

% of Total Class of Financing Receivable

  

Payment Delay

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Total Class of Financing Receivable

% of Total Class of Financing Receivable

  

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

MF FIN

$

4,346

$

13,400

$

$

17,746

%

$

38,545

$

55,853

$

$

94,398

2

%

HC FIN

 

10,114

10,114

1

%

 

10,114

 

4,235

14,349

1

%

Total

$

14,460

$

13,400

$

$

27,860

%

$

48,659

$

60,088

$

$

108,747

1

%

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Loan Type

Financial Effect

Financial Effect

MF FIN

Added a weighted average 11 months.

Term extension and forbearance added a weighted average of 4 months.

HC FIN

Added a weighted average 8 months.

Term extension and forbearance added a weighted average of 14 months.

CML & CRE

Added a weighted average 60 months.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

Term Extension

Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay

Loan Type

Financial Effect

Financial Effect

MF FIN

Added a weighted average 10 months.

Term extension and forbearance added a weighted average of 5 months.

HC FIN

Added a weighted average 8 months.

Term extension and forbearance added a weighted average of 14 months.

CML & CRE

Added a weighted average 60 months.

Term extension added a weighted average of 61 months and forbearance added a weighted average of 12 months.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

Term Extension

Payment Delay

Loan Type

Financial Effect

Financial Effect

MF FIN

Added a weighted average 4 months.

Forbearance average of 5 months.

HC FIN

Forbearance average of 6 months.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

Term Extension

Payment Delay

Loan Type

Financial Effect

Financial Effect

MF FIN

Added a weighted average 22 months.

Forbearance average of 7 months.

HC FIN

Added a weighted average 12 months.

Forbearance average of 6 months.

    

30 - 89 Days

    

90+ Days

    

Total

Current

Past Due

Past Due

Loans

(In thousands)

MF FIN

$

98,930

$

$

$

98,930

HC FIN

46,362

46,362

CML & CRE

773

773

Total

$

146,065

$

$

$

146,065

Schedule of supplemental cash flow information related to loans

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

    

2025

2024

(In thousands)

Cash Flow Statement

Supplemental cash flow information:

Transfer of loans to other real estate owned

$

$

90

Investments received in securitization of loans sold

 

3,583

 

534,538

Deposits received upon loan origination

 

189,206

 

Transfer of loans from loans held for sale to loans receivable

18,429

61,500

Transfer of loans from loans receivable to loans held for sale

 

386,604

 

604,969

v3.25.3
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits  
Schedule of investments and unfunded commitments of qualified affordable housing

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

(In thousands)

Investment

Accounting Method

Investment

Unfunded Commitments

Investment

Unfunded Commitments

LIHTC

Proportional amortization

$

184,485

$

103,405

$

123,574

$

93,929

LIHTC (1)

Lower of cost or market

46,882

56,533

LIHTC subtotal

$

231,367

$

103,405

$

180,107

$

93,929

Joint Venture

Consolidated

10,991

10,937

Total

$

242,358

$

103,405

$

191,044

$

93,929

(1)LIHTC projects held for future syndication.
Schedule of amortization and tax credits of qualified affordable housing

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

2025

2024

2025

2024

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

Amortization expense

$

4,420

$

3,406

$

11,979

$

8,551

Expected tax credits

$

4,860

$

3,789

$

13,229

$

10,032

Schedule of supplemental cash flow information related to qualified affordable housing investments

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

    

2025

2024

(In thousands)

Cash Flow Statement

Supplemental cash flow information:

Qualified affordable housing investments obtained in exchange for funding commitments

$

42,516

$

Deposits received upon reduction of funding commitments

23,040

Beneficial interests received in exchange for LIHTC's sold

 

12,969

 

v3.25.3
Leases (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Leases  
Schedule of balance sheet, income statement and cash flow detail regarding operating leases

September 30, 2025

December 31, 2024

(In thousands)

Balance Sheet

Operating lease ROU asset (in other assets)

$

6,969

$

8,332

Operating lease liability (in other liabilities)

7,797

9,303

Weighted average remaining lease term (years)

3.9

4.6

Weighted average discount rate

3.44%

3.43%

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30, 

September 30, 

2025

2024

2025

2024

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

Statement of Income

Components of lease expense:

Operating lease cost

$

811

$

652

$

2,243

$

2,021

Nine Months Ended

September 30, 

2025

2024

(In thousands)

Cash Flow Statement

Supplemental cash flow information:

Operating cash flows for operating leases

$

1,729

$

1,881

Change in ROU assets due to lease renegotiation

(1,063)

ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities

789

Schedule of future minimum lease payments

Maturities of lease liabilities:

September 30, 2025

(In thousands)

One year or less

$

2,323

Year two

2,283

Year three

1,748

Year four

1,212

Year five

558

Thereafter

214

Total future minimum lease payments

8,338

Less: imputed interest

541

Total

$

7,797

v3.25.3
Variable Interest Entities (VIEs) (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Variable Interest Entities  
Schedule of assets and liabilities of the VIEs as well as maximum exposure to loss in connection with VIEs

Investments

Loans

Securities

Maximum

Liabilities

Assets

    

in VIEs

    

to VIEs

for VIEs

Exposure to Loss

for VIEs

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

 

  

 

 

  

Low-income housing tax credit investments

$

285,317

$

331,758

$

$

617,075

$

93,107

Debt funds

31,416

264,103

295,519

Mortgage-backed securitizations (1)

26,967

1,658,828

1,685,795

Total Unconsolidated VIEs

$

316,733

$

622,828

$

1,658,828

$

2,598,389

$

93,107

December 31, 2024

 

  

 

 

 

  

 

  

Low-income housing tax credit investments

$

225,727

$

282,584

$

$

508,311

$

89,956

Debt funds

31,772

109,480

141,252

2,752

Mortgage-backed securitizations (1)

23,564

1,652,833

1,676,397

Total Unconsolidated VIEs

$

257,499

$

415,628

$

1,652,833

$

2,325,960

$

92,708

(1)Amounts include involvement with securitization SPEs where the Company transferred to and/or service loans for an SPE and hold securities issued by that SPE. Values disclosed in the table above represent the Company’s maximum exposure to loss for those securities’ holdings.
v3.25.3
Deposits (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Deposits  
Schedule of deposits

    

September 30, 2025

    

December 31, 2024

(In thousands)

Noninterest-bearing deposits

Core demand deposits

$

399,814

$

239,005

Interest-bearing deposits

Demand deposits:

Core demand deposits

7,681,422

4,319,512

Brokered demand deposits

Total interest-earning demand deposits

7,681,422

4,319,512

Savings deposits:

 

 

Core savings deposits

3,788,707

3,442,111

Brokered savings deposits

660

859

Total savings deposits

3,789,367

3,442,970

Certificates of deposit:

 

 

Core certificates of deposits

920,689

1,385,270

Brokered certificates of deposits

1,143,413

2,533,219

Total certificates of deposits

2,064,102

3,918,489

Total interest-bearing deposits

13,534,891

11,680,971

Total deposits

$

13,934,705

$

11,919,976

Total core deposits

$

12,790,632

$

9,385,898

Total brokered deposits

$

1,144,073

$

2,534,078

Total deposits

$

13,934,705

$

11,919,976

Schedule of maturities for certificates of deposit

    

September 30, 2025

(In thousands)

Due within one year

$

2,012,913

Due in one year to two years

 

42,728

Due in two years to three years

 

8,461

Due in three years to four years

 

Due in four years to five years

Due in five years to six years

 

$

2,064,102

v3.25.3
Borrowings (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Borrowings  
Schedule of borrowings

    

September 30, 2025

    

December 31, 2024

(In thousands)

Federal Reserve discount window borrowings

$

$

50,000

Subordinated debt

 

71,800

 

71,800

FHLB advances

2,747,845

4,172,030

Credit linked notes, net of debt discount

75,052

84,358

Other borrowings

 

7,934

 

7,934

Total borrowings

$

2,902,631

$

4,386,122

v3.25.3
Derivative Financial Instruments (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Derivative Financial Instruments  
Summary of notional amount and fair value of derivative assets and liabilities

Notional

Fair Value

Amount

 

Balance Sheet Location

 

Asset

 

Liability

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

Interest rate lock commitments

$

124,490

Other assets/liabilities

$

232

$

276

Forward contracts

134,685

Other assets/liabilities

249

146

Interest rate swaps

49,634

Other assets/liabilities

2,251

Put options

629,868

Other assets

38,489

Interest rate floors

1,142,236

Other assets

 

5,348

Credit derivatives

138,797

Other assets/liabilities

$

46,569

$

422

Notional

Fair Value

Amount

 

Balance Sheet Location

 

Asset

 

Liability

(In thousands)

December 31, 2024

Interest rate lock commitments

$

24,609

Other assets/liabilities

$

30

$

176

Forward contracts

33,000

Other assets/liabilities

229

1

Interest rate swaps

49,891

Other assets/liabilities

4,199

Put options

680,354

Other assets

43,777

Interest rate floors

1,228,274

Other assets

4,043

Credit derivatives

58,526

Other assets/liabilities

$

52,278

$

177

Summarizes the periodic changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments on the consolidated statements of income

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30, 

September 30, 

    

2025

    

2024

    

2025

    

2024

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

Derivative (loss) gain included in gain on sale of loans:

Interest rate lock commitments

$

(306)

$

47

$

102

$

(46)

Forward contracts (includes pair-off settlements)

(243)

(1,161)

(761)

(782)

Interest rate swaps

(22)

(2,082)

(1,302)

(460)

Net (loss) gain

$

(571)

$

(3,196)

$

(1,961)

$

(1,288)

Derivative (loss) gain included in other income:

Put options (1)

(6,565)

(16,078)

(5,288)

(4,998)

Interest rate floors

(770)

(7,693)

 

1,305

(5,145)

Net (loss) gain

$

(7,335)

$

(23,771)

$

(3,983)

$

(10,143)

___________________________

(1)

The put option gain (loss) reflects an adjustment to the fair value of the derivative that is substantially equal and offset by an adjustment to the fair value of its related securities available for sale for which the Company elected to account for under the fair value option with changes in fair value reflected in earnings. The combination of these adjustments is designed to result in an inconsequential net gain or loss in other noninterest income.

Interest rate swaps  
Derivative Financial Instruments  
Summary of notional amount and fair value of derivative assets and liabilities

Notional

Fair Value

Amount

 

Balance Sheet Location

 

Asset

 

Liability

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

$

1,138,484

Other assets/liabilities

$

9,438

$

9,438

December 31, 2024

$

724,224

Other assets/liabilities

$

309

$

309

Summarizes the periodic changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments on the consolidated statements of income

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30, 

September 30, 

    

2025

    

2024

    

2025

    

2024

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

Gross swap gains

$

577

$

9,211

$

9,129

$

11,749

Gross swap losses

577

9,211

 

9,129

11,749

Net swap gains (losses)

$

$

$

$

v3.25.3
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities  
Schedule of fair value measurement of assets measured at fair value on recurring basis

Fair Value Measurements Using

Quoted Prices in

Significant

 

Active Markets 

Other

Significant

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable 

Fair

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

Assets

    

Value

    

(Level 1)

    

(Level 2)

    

(Level 3)

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

Mortgage loans in process of securitization

$

414,786

$

$

414,786

$

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Treasury notes

 

30,600

 

30,600

 

 

Federal Agencies

 

259,527

 

 

259,527

 

Mortgage-backed - Agency

3,564

 

3,564

 

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential - fair value option

399,567

 

399,567

 

Mortgage-backed - Agency - fair value option

 

191,812

 

 

191,812

 

Loans held for sale

 

112,832

 

 

112,832

 

Servicing rights

 

213,156

 

 

 

213,156

Derivative assets:

 

Interest rate lock commitments

 

232

 

 

 

232

Forward contracts

249

 

 

249

 

Interest rate swaps

2,251

2,251

Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back)

9,438

9,438

Put options

38,489

6,372

32,117

Interest rate floors

5,348

5,348

Derivative liabilities:

 

Interest rate lock commitments

 

276

276

Forward contracts

 

146

146

Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back)

 

9,438

9,438

December 31, 2024

 

  

Mortgage loans in process of securitization

$

428,206

$

$

428,206

$

Securities available for sale:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Treasury notes

 

90,006

 

90,006

 

 

Federal Agencies

 

252,936

 

 

252,936

 

Mortgage-backed - Agency

1,162

 

1,162

 

Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential - fair value option

430,779

 

430,779

 

Mortgage-backed - Agency - fair value option

 

205,167

 

 

205,167

 

Loans held for sale

 

78,170

 

 

78,170

 

Servicing rights

 

189,935

 

 

 

189,935

Derivative assets:

 

Interest rate lock commitments

 

30

 

 

 

30

Forward contracts

229

 

 

229

 

Interest rate swaps

4,199

4,199

Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back)

309

309

Put options

43,777

12,481

31,296

Interest rate floors

4,043

4,043

Derivative liabilities:

Interest rate lock commitments

176

176

Forward contracts

1

1

Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back)

309

309

Schedule of Level 3 reconciliation of recurring fair value measurements

Three Months Ended September 30, 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

    

2025

    

2024

    

2025

    

2024

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

Servicing rights

Balance, beginning of period

$

193,037

$

178,776

$

189,935

$

158,457

Purchased servicing

12,858

12,928

Originated servicing

 

7,588

 

7,370

 

16,170

 

13,297

Paydowns

 

(2,450)

 

(2,090)

 

(7,504)

 

(6,729)

Changes in fair value

 

2,123

 

(6,729)

 

1,627

 

12,302

Balance, end of period

$

213,156

$

177,327

$

213,156

$

177,327

Securities available for sale - Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential - fair value option

Balance, beginning of period

$

$

462,627

$

$

485,500

Paydowns

(9,773)

(26,643)

Changes in fair value

 

 

8,660

 

 

2,657

Balance, end of period

$

$

461,514

$

$

461,514

Derivative assets - put options

Balance, beginning of period

$

36,210

$

24,657

$

31,296

$

18,654

Changes in fair value

 

(4,093)

 

(8,660)

 

821

 

(2,657)

Balance, end of period

$

32,117

$

15,997

$

32,117

$

15,997

Derivative assets - interest rate floors

Balance, beginning of period

$

6,118

$

9,124

$

4,043

$

6,576

Changes in fair value

 

(770)

 

(7,693)

 

1,305

 

(5,145)

Balance, end of period

$

5,348

$

1,431

$

5,348

$

1,431

Derivative assets - interest rate lock commitments

Balance, beginning of period

$

270

$

170

$

30

$

140

Gain (loss) recognized

 

(38)

 

(29)

 

202

 

1

Balance, end of period

$

232

$

141

$

232

$

141

Derivative liabilities - interest rate lock commitments

Balance, beginning of period

$

8

$

127

$

176

$

4

Gain (loss) recognized

 

268

 

(76)

 

100

 

47

Balance, end of period

$

276

$

51

$

276

$

51

Schedule of fair value measurement of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on nonrecurring basis

Fair Value Measurements Using

Quoted Prices in

Significant

Significant

Active Markets for

Other Observable

Unobservable 

Fair

Identical Assets

Inputs

Inputs

Assets

Value

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Collateral dependent loans

$

234,571

$

$

$

234,571

Other real estate owned

$

4,347

$

$

$

4,347

December 31, 2024

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Collateral dependent loans

$

59,915

$

$

$

59,915

Other real estate owned

$

7,313

$

$

$

7,313

Schedule of quantitative information about unobservable inputs used in recurring and nonrecurring Level 3 fair value measurements other than goodwill

Valuation

Weighted

    

Fair Value

    

Technique

    

Unobservable Inputs

Range

    

Average

(In thousands)

At September 30, 2025:

 

  

 

  

 

Collateral dependent loans

$

234,571

 

Market comparable properties

 

Marketability discount and costs to sell

0% - 81%

 

15%

Other real estate owned

$

4,347

Market comparable properties

Marketability discount and costs to sell

6%

6%

Servicing rights - Multi-family

$

160,934

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

8% - 15%

 

9%

Constant prepayment rate

0% - 100%

 

8%

Earnings rate on escrows

3%

3%

Servicing rights - Single-family

$

33,281

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

9% - 12%

9%

Constant prepayment rate

3% - 100%

8%

Servicing rights - Healthcare

$

14,625

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

10% - 13%

 

11%

Constant prepayment rate

1% - 100%

 

6%

Earnings rate on escrows

3%

3%

Servicing rights - SBA

$

4,316

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

16%

 

16%

Constant prepayment rate

5% - 23%

15%

Derivative assets:

Interest rate lock commitments

$

232

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Loan closing rates

54% - 100%

 

70%

Put options

$

32,117

Intrinsic value

Market credit spread

4%

4%

Interest rate floors

$

5,348

Discounted cash flow

Discount rate

6% - 7%

7%

Derivative liabilities - interest rate lock commitments

$

276

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Loan closing rates

54% - 100%

 

70%

At December 31, 2024:

 

  

 

  

 

Collateral dependent loans

$

59,915

 

Market comparable properties

 

Marketability discount and costs to sell

0% - 90%

 

29%

Other real estate owned

$

7,313

Market comparable properties

Marketability discount and costs to sell

2% - 8%

5%

Servicing rights - Multi-family

$

146,483

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

8% - 15%

 

9%

Constant prepayment rate

0% - 100%

 

7%

Earnings rate on escrows

3%

3%

Servicing rights - Single-family

$

34,986

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

10% - 11%

10%

Constant prepayment rate

6% - 14%

7%

Servicing rights - Healthcare

$

4,207

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

13%

 

13%

Constant prepayment rate

1% - 2%

 

1%

Earnings rate on escrows

3%

3%

Servicing rights - SBA

$

4,259

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Discount rate

16%

16%

Constant prepayment rate

4% - 24%

14%

Derivative assets:

Interest rate lock commitments

$

30

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Loan closing rates

71% - 99%

 

87%

Put options

$

31,296

Intrinsic value

Market credit spread

4%

4%

Interest rate floors

$

4,043

Discounted cash flow

Discount rate

6% - 8%

7%

Derivative liabilities - interest rate lock commitments

$

176

 

Discounted cash flow

 

Loan closing rates

71% - 99%

 

87%

Schedule of carrying amount and estimated fair value of financial instruments

Fair Value Measurements Using

Quoted Prices in

Significant

 

Active Markets 

Other

Significant

for Identical

Observable

Unobservable 

Carrying

Fair

Assets

Inputs

Inputs

    

Value

    

Value

    

(Level 1)

    

(Level 2)

    

(Level 3)

(In thousands)

September 30, 2025

Financial assets:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Cash and cash equivalents

$

598,036

$

598,036

$

598,036

$

$

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

 

1,529

 

1,529

 

 

1,529

 

Securities held to maturity

 

1,670,555

 

1,670,306

 

 

745,845

 

924,461

FHLB stock and other equity securities

 

217,850

 

217,850

 

 

187,850

 

30,000

Loans held for sale

 

4,016,497

 

4,016,497

 

 

4,016,497

 

Loans receivable, net

 

10,515,221

 

10,441,238

 

 

 

10,441,238

Interest receivable

 

82,445

 

82,445

 

 

82,445

 

Financial liabilities:

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

Deposits

 

13,934,705

 

13,936,641

 

11,870,603

 

2,066,038

 

Subordinated debt

 

71,800

 

71,800

 

 

71,800

 

FHLB advances

 

2,747,845

 

2,737,887

 

 

2,737,887

 

Other borrowing

7,934

7,934

7,934

Credit linked notes

75,052

75,051

75,051

Interest payable

 

32,724

 

32,724

 

 

32,724

 

December 31, 2024

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Financial assets:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Cash and cash equivalents

$

476,610

$

476,610

$

476,610

$

$

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

 

1,559

 

1,559

 

 

1,559

 

Securities held to maturity

1,664,686

1,664,674

 

 

538,871

 

1,125,803

FHLB stock and other equity securities

 

217,804

 

217,804

 

 

187,804

 

30,000

Loans held for sale

 

3,693,340

 

3,693,340

 

 

3,693,340

 

Loans receivable, net

 

10,354,002

 

10,297,439

 

 

 

10,297,439

Interest receivable

 

83,409

 

83,409

 

 

83,409

 

Financial liabilities:

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

Deposits

 

11,919,976

 

11,923,961

 

8,001,487

 

3,922,474

 

Subordinated debt

 

71,800

 

71,800

 

 

71,800

 

FHLB advances

 

4,172,030

 

4,171,843

 

 

4,171,843

 

Other borrowing

57,934

57,934

57,934

Credit linked notes

84,358

84,357

84,357

Interest payable

 

34,475

 

34,475

 

 

34,475

 

v3.25.3
Earnings Per Share (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Earnings Per Share  
Schedule of computation of earnings per share

Three Months Ended September 30, 

2025

2024

Weighted-

Per 

Weighted-

Per 

Net

Average

Share

Net

Average

Share

    

Income

    

Shares

    

Amount

    

Income

    

Shares

    

Amount

(In thousands, except share data)

Net income

$

54,701

 

  

 

  

$

61,273

 

  

 

  

Dividends on preferred stock

(10,265)

(7,757)

Net income allocated to common shareholders

$

44,436

 

  

 

  

$

53,516

 

  

 

  

Basic earnings per share

 

  

 

45,887,143

$

0.97

 

  

 

45,759,667

$

1.17

Effect of dilutive securities-restricted stock awards

 

  

 

63,073

 

  

 

  

 

150,385

 

  

Diluted earnings per share

 

  

 

45,950,216

$

0.97

 

  

 

45,910,052

$

1.17

Nine Months Ended September 30, 

2025

2024

 

Weighted-

Per 

Weighted-

Per 

Net

Average

Share

Net

Average

Share

    

Income

    

Shares

    

Amount

    

Income

    

Shares

    

Amount

(In thousands, except share data)

Net income

$

150,921

 

  

 

  

$

224,720

 

  

 

  

Dividends on preferred stock

 

(30,796)

 

  

 

  

 

(24,181)

 

  

 

  

Impact of preferred stock redemption

(5,371)

(1,823)

Net income allocated to common shareholders

$

114,754

 

  

 

  

$

198,716

 

  

 

  

Basic earnings per share

 

  

 

45,865,167

$

2.50

 

  

 

44,549,432

$

4.46

Effect of dilutive securities-restricted stock awards

 

  

 

66,351

 

  

 

  

 

146,675

 

  

Diluted earnings per share

 

  

 

45,931,518

$

2.50

 

  

 

44,696,107

$

4.45

v3.25.3
Segment Information (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Segment Information  
Schedule of business segment financial information

Multi-family

    

 

Mortgage 

Mortgage

 

    

Banking

    

Warehousing

    

Banking

    

Other

    

Total

(In thousands)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025

Interest income

$

1,122

$

109,538

$

187,464

$

3,655

 

$

301,779

Interest expense

 

20

 

73,778

 

100,742

 

(819)

 

 

173,721

Net interest income

 

1,102

 

35,760

 

86,722

 

4,474

 

 

128,058

Provision for credit losses

 

(5)

 

1,343

 

27,901

 

 

 

29,239

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

 

1,107

 

34,417

 

58,821

 

4,474

 

 

98,819

Noninterest income

 

45,257

 

523

 

775

 

(3,541)

 

 

43,014

Noninterest expense

 

30,962

 

7,398

 

25,425

 

13,465

 

 

77,250

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

15,402

 

27,542

 

34,171

 

(12,532)

 

 

64,583

Income taxes

 

3,326

 

3,978

 

4,620

 

(2,042)

 

 

9,882

Net income (loss)

$

12,076

$

23,564

$

29,551

$

(10,490)

 

$

54,701

Total assets

$

513,039

$

6,993,817

$

11,522,375

$

325,416

 

$

19,354,647

Significant non-cash items:

Included in other noninterest income:

Servicing rights fair value adjustments

$

2,517

$

$

(394)

$

 

$

2,123

Derivative fair value adjustments

(770)

(770)

Multi-family

 

Mortgage 

Mortgage

 

    

Banking

    

Warehousing

    

Banking

    

Other

    

Total

(In thousands)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

Interest income

$

1,159

$

103,770

$

229,586

$

4,413

 

$

338,928

Interest expense

 

20

 

70,727

 

136,158

 

(798)

 

 

206,107

Net interest income

 

1,139

 

33,043

 

93,428

 

5,211

 

 

132,821

Provision for credit losses

 

(741)

 

(709)

 

8,348

 

 

 

6,898

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

 

1,880

 

33,752

 

85,080

 

5,211

 

 

125,923

Noninterest income

 

35,439

 

(6,073)

 

(8,916)

 

(3,708)

 

 

16,742

Noninterest expense

 

25,747

 

6,591

 

16,964

 

12,016

 

 

61,318

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

11,572

 

21,088

 

59,200

 

(10,513)

 

 

81,347

Income taxes

 

3,504

 

5,148

 

14,217

 

(2,795)

 

 

20,074

Net income (loss)

$

8,068

$

15,940

$

44,983

$

(7,718)

 

$

61,273

Total assets

$

453,281

$

5,842,489

$

12,035,581

$

321,625

 

$

18,652,976

Significant non-cash items:

Included in other noninterest income:

Servicing rights fair value adjustments

$

(5,122)

$

$

(1,607)

$

 

$

(6,729)

Derivative fair value adjustments

(7,693)

(7,693)

Multi-family

    

 

Mortgage 

Mortgage

 

    

Banking

    

Warehousing

    

Banking

    

Other

    

Total

(In thousands)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

Interest income

$

3,440

$

296,425

$

582,050

$

11,467

 

$

893,382

Interest expense

 

60

 

199,266

 

317,496

 

(2,413)

 

 

514,409

Net interest income

 

3,380

 

97,159

 

264,554

 

13,880

 

 

378,973

Provision for credit losses

 

(398)

 

2,702

 

87,689

 

 

 

89,993

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

 

3,778

 

94,457

 

176,865

 

13,880

 

 

288,980

Noninterest income

 

118,905

 

6,603

 

2,991

 

(11,312)

 

 

117,187

Noninterest expense

 

89,091

 

23,814

 

66,098

 

37,248

 

 

216,251

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

33,592

 

77,246

 

113,758

 

(34,680)

 

 

189,916

Income taxes

 

8,834

 

15,298

 

22,526

 

(7,663)

 

 

38,995

Net income (loss)

$

24,758

$

61,948

$

91,232

$

(27,017)

 

$

150,921

Total assets

$

513,039

$

6,993,817

$

11,522,375

$

325,416

 

$

19,354,647

Significant non-cash items:

Included in other noninterest income:

Servicing rights fair value adjustments

$

3,711

$

$

(2,084)

$

 

$

1,627

Derivative fair value adjustments

1,305

1,305

Multi-family

 

Mortgage 

Mortgage

 

    

Banking

    

Warehousing

    

Banking

    

Other

    

Total

(In thousands)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

Interest income

$

4,040

$

289,835

$

676,659

$

10,840

 

$

981,374

Interest expense

 

60

 

195,051

 

400,623

 

(2,356)

 

 

593,378

Net interest income

 

3,980

 

94,784

 

276,036

 

13,196

 

 

387,996

Provision for credit losses

 

(741)

 

1,226

 

21,104

 

 

 

21,589

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

 

4,721

 

93,558

 

254,932

 

13,196

 

 

366,407

Noninterest income

 

107,889

 

(1,010)

 

(7,293)

 

(10,619)

 

 

88,967

Noninterest expense

 

65,969

 

16,063

 

47,527

 

31,051

 

 

160,610

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

46,641

 

76,485

 

200,112

 

(28,474)

 

 

294,764

Income taxes

 

12,927

 

18,085

 

46,326

 

(7,294)

 

 

70,044

Net income (loss)

$

33,714

$

58,400

$

153,786

$

(21,180)

 

$

224,720

Total assets

$

453,281

$

5,842,489

$

12,035,581

$

321,625

 

$

18,652,976

Significant non-cash items:

Included in other noninterest income:

Servicing rights fair value adjustments

$

12,575

$

$

(273)

$

 

$

12,302

Derivative fair value adjustments

(5,145)

(5,145)

v3.25.3
Regulatory Matters (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Regulatory Matters  
Summary of bank's actual capital amounts and ratios

Minimum

Amount to be Well

Minimum Amount

Capitalized with

To Be Well

Actual

Basel III Buffer(1)

Capitalized(1)

    

Amount

    

Ratio

    

Amount

    

Ratio

Amount

    

Ratio

    

(Dollars in thousands)

September 30, 2025

Total capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

Company

$

2,320,759

 

13.6

%  

$

1,788,780

 

10.5

%  

$

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,274,675

 

13.4

%  

 

1,787,525

 

10.5

%  

 

1,702,405

 

10.0

%  

Tier I capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Company

 

2,216,963

 

13.0

%  

 

1,448,060

 

8.5

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,170,879

 

12.8

%  

 

1,447,044

 

8.5

%  

 

1,361,924

 

8.0

%  

Common Equity Tier I capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

Company

 

1,665,673

 

9.8

%  

 

1,192,520

 

7.0

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,170,879

 

12.8

%  

 

1,191,683

 

7.0

%  

 

1,106,563

 

6.5

%  

Tier I capital(1) (to average assets)

 

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

Company

 

2,216,963

 

11.8

%  

 

940,224

 

5.0

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,170,879

 

11.6

%  

 

937,309

 

5.0

%  

 

937,309

 

5.0

%  

(1)As defined by regulatory agencies.

Minimum

Amount to be Well

Minimum Amount

Capitalized with

To Be Well

Actual

Basel III Buffer(1)

Capitalized(1)

    

Amount

    

Ratio

    

Amount

    

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2024

Total capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

Company

$

2,334,479

 

13.9

%  

$

1,767,835

 

10.5

%  

$

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,165,193

 

12.9

%  

 

1,763,982

 

10.5

%  

 

1,679,983

 

10.0

%  

Tier I capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Company

 

2,234,658

 

13.3

%  

 

1,431,105

 

8.5

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,065,372

 

12.3

%  

 

1,427,985

 

8.5

%  

 

1,343,986

 

8.0

%  

Common Equity Tier I capital(1) (to risk-weighted assets)

Company

 

1,562,524

 

9.3

%  

 

1,178,557

 

7.0

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,065,372

 

12.3

%  

 

1,175,988

 

7.0

%  

 

1,091,989

 

6.5

%  

Tier I capital(1) (to average assets)

 

 

  

 

  

 

 

  

 

  

Company

 

2,234,658

 

12.1

%  

 

925,180

 

5.0

%  

 

 

N/A

%  

Merchants Bank

2,065,372

 

11.2

%  

 

922,006

 

5.0

%  

 

922,006

 

5.0

%  

(1)As defined by regulatory agencies.

v3.25.3
Basis of Presentation (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Basis of Presentation    
Restricted cash $ 83.8 $ 33.5
Credit linked notes, net of debt discount    
Basis of Presentation    
Notes issued $ 76.9 $ 87.6
v3.25.3
Investment Securities - Amortized Cost to Approximate Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Available for sale securities:    
Amortized Cost $ 885,347 $ 980,224
Gross Unrealized Gains 26 108
Gross Unrealized Losses 303 282
Securities available for sale 885,070 980,050 [1]
Accrued interest on securities available for sale 4,700 4,900
Held to maturity securities:    
Amortized Cost 1,670,555 1,664,686 [1]
Gross Unrealized Gains 1,677 2,245
Gross Unrealized Losses 1,926 2,257
Fair Value 1,670,306 1,664,674
Accrued interest on securities held to maturity 5,600 5,800
Equity securities:    
FHLB and other equity securities 217,850 217,804
Treasury notes    
Available for sale securities:    
Amortized Cost 30,578 89,898
Gross Unrealized Gains 22 108
Securities available for sale 30,600 90,006
Federal Agencies    
Available for sale securities:    
Amortized Cost 259,819 253,218
Gross Unrealized Gains 4  
Gross Unrealized Losses 296 282
Securities available for sale 259,527 252,936
Mortgage-backed - Government Agency - multi-family    
Available for sale securities:    
Amortized Cost 3,571 1,162
Gross Unrealized Losses 7  
Securities available for sale 3,564 1,162
Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential - fair value option    
Available for sale securities:    
Amortized Cost 399,567 430,779
Securities available for sale 399,567 430,779
Held to maturity securities:    
Amortized Cost 733,208 526,242
Gross Unrealized Gains 1,677 1,871
Gross Unrealized Losses 104 75
Fair Value 734,781 528,038
Mortgage-backed - Agency - residential - fair value option    
Available for sale securities:    
Amortized Cost 191,812 205,167
Securities available for sale 191,812 205,167
Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - healthcare    
Held to maturity securities:    
Amortized Cost 464,997 534,538
Gross Unrealized Gains   374
Gross Unrealized Losses 5  
Fair Value 464,992 534,912
Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency multi-family    
Held to maturity securities:    
Amortized Cost 460,623 592,053
Gross Unrealized Losses 1,154 1,162
Fair Value 459,469 590,891
Mortgage-backed - Agency - multi-family    
Held to maturity securities:    
Amortized Cost 11,727 11,853
Gross Unrealized Losses 663 1,020
Fair Value $ 11,064 $ 10,833
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Investment Securities - Contractual Maturities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Available for Sale Securities, Amortized Cost    
Within one year $ 55,397 $ 89,898
After one through five years 235,000 253,218
Total, single maturity date 290,397 343,116
Amortized Cost 885,347 980,224
Available for Sale Securities, Fair Value    
Within one year 55,422 90,006
After one through five years 234,705 252,936
Total, single maturity date 290,127 342,942
Total 885,070 980,050 [1]
Held to Maturity Securities, Amortized Cost    
Amortized Cost 1,670,555 1,664,686 [1]
Held to Maturity Securities, Fair Value    
Fair Value 1,670,306 1,664,674
Mortgage-backed - Agency - multi-family    
Available for Sale Securities, Amortized Cost    
Without single maturity date 3,571 1,162
Available for Sale Securities, Fair Value    
Without single maturity date 3,564 1,162
Held to Maturity Securities, Amortized Cost    
Amortized Cost 11,727 11,853
Held to Maturity Securities, Fair Value    
Fair Value 11,064 10,833
Mortgage-backed - Agency - residential - fair value option    
Available for Sale Securities, Amortized Cost    
Without single maturity date 191,812 205,167
Amortized Cost 191,812 205,167
Available for Sale Securities, Fair Value    
Without single maturity date 191,812 205,167
Total 191,812 205,167
Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency multi-family    
Held to Maturity Securities, Amortized Cost    
Amortized Cost 460,623 592,053
Held to Maturity Securities, Fair Value    
Fair Value 459,469 590,891
Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential    
Available for Sale Securities, Amortized Cost    
Without single maturity date 399,567 430,779
Amortized Cost 399,567 430,779
Available for Sale Securities, Fair Value    
Without single maturity date 399,567 430,779
Total 399,567 430,779
Held to Maturity Securities, Amortized Cost    
Amortized Cost 733,208 526,242
Held to Maturity Securities, Fair Value    
Fair Value 734,781 528,038
Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency - healthcare    
Held to Maturity Securities, Amortized Cost    
Amortized Cost 464,997 534,538
Held to Maturity Securities, Fair Value    
Fair Value $ 464,992 $ 534,912
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Investment Securities - Sale of securities (Details) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Investment Securities        
Proceeds from the sale of securities available for sale $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 9,983,000
Net loss on sale of securities available for sale       108,000
Gain on sale of securities available for sale       10,000
Losses on sale of securities available for sale       $ 118,000
v3.25.3
Investment Securities - Continuous Unrealized Loss Position (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value    
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value, Less than 12 Months $ 238,268  
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value, Total 238,268  
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Gross Unrealized Losses    
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Gross Unrealized Losses, Less than 12 Months 303  
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Gross Unrealized Losses, Total 303  
Federal Agencies    
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value    
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value, Less than 12 Months 234,704 $ 252,936
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value, Total 234,704 252,936
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Gross Unrealized Losses    
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Gross Unrealized Losses, Less than 12 Months 296 282
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Gross Unrealized Losses, Total 296 $ 282
Mortgage-backed - Agency    
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value    
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value, Less than 12 Months 3,564  
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value, Total 3,564  
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Gross Unrealized Losses    
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Gross Unrealized Losses, Less than 12 Months 7  
Available-for-sale securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Gross Unrealized Losses, Total $ 7  
v3.25.3
Investment Securities - Allowance for Credit Losses (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Securities available for sale, allowance for credit losses $ 0 $ 0
Securities held to maturity, allowance for credit losses 0  
Amortized Cost 1,670,555 1,664,686 [1]
Fair Value 1,670,306 1,664,674
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations    
Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Securities held to maturity, allowance for credit losses 0 $ 0
Amortized Cost 460,600  
Fair Value $ 459,500  
Delinquency rate 24.00%  
Value ratio 63.00%  
Credit Protection, Percentage on Losses 15.90%  
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Mortgage Loans in Process of Securitization (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Mortgage Loans in Process of Securitization    
Unrealized gains included in mortgage loans $ 3.9 $ 4.1
v3.25.3
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans - Summary of Loans By Classification (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Jun. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Jun. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Accrued interest on loans, excluded from amortized cost of loans $ 49,500   $ 51,900      
Loans Receivable 10,608,551   10,438,388      
ACL-Loans 93,330 $ 91,811 84,386 $ 84,549 $ 81,028 $ 71,752
Loans Receivable, net 10,515,221   10,354,002 [1]      
Mortgage warehouse repurchase agreements            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Loans Receivable 1,645,884   1,446,068      
ACL-Loans 4,435 4,914 3,816 3,202 3,616 2,070
Residential real estate            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Loans Receivable 1,008,979   1,322,853      
ACL-Loans 4,731 4,511 5,942 6,454 6,323 7,323
Residential real estate | Home equity line of credit            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Loans Receivable 800,000   1,200,000      
Multi-family financing            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Loans Receivable 4,877,477   4,624,299      
ACL-Loans 58,494 63,471 55,126 45,224 34,412 26,874
Healthcare financing            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Loans Receivable 1,476,046   1,484,483      
ACL-Loans 13,156 6,344 8,562 16,403 23,522 22,454
Commercial and commercial real estate            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Loans Receivable 1,514,445   1,476,211      
ACL-Loans 11,849 11,860 10,293 12,678 12,591 12,243
Revolving lines of credit collateralized primarily by mortgage servicing rights 900,000   900,000      
Commercial and commercial real estate | Non - Owner occupied commercial real estate            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Loans Receivable 19,600   18,700      
Agricultural production and real estate            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Loans Receivable 84,824   77,631      
ACL-Loans 654 637 539 502 489 619
Consumer and margin loans            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Loans Receivable 896   6,843      
ACL-Loans $ 11 $ 74 $ 108 $ 86 $ 75 $ 169
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans - Allowance For Credit-Loan Losses (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Allowance for credit losses          
Balance, beginning of period $ 91,811 $ 81,028 $ 84,386 $ 71,752 $ 71,752
FMBI's ACL for loans sold       (593) (593)
Provision for credit losses 30,996 5,574 94,963 19,804 23,678
Loans charged to the allowance (29,500) (2,060) (86,070) (6,437) (10,587)
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 23 7 51 23 136
Balance, end of period 93,330 84,549 93,330 84,549 84,386
ACL Loans          
Provision for credit losses 29,239 6,898 89,993 21,589 24,300
Provision for credit losses, ACL Loans 31,000 5,600 95,000 19,800 23,700
Provision for credit losses, ACL-OBCE's 1,800 2,100 4,600 3,100 2,200
Provision for credit losses, ACL-Guarantees   700 400 700 1,000
Release of FMBI's ACL-Loans for loans sold       600 600
MTG WHRA          
Allowance for credit losses          
Balance, beginning of period 4,914 3,616 3,816 2,070 2,070
Provision for credit losses (479) (414) 619 1,132 1,746
Balance, end of period 4,435 3,202 4,435 3,202 3,816
RES RE          
Allowance for credit losses          
Balance, beginning of period 4,511 6,323 5,942 7,323 7,323
FMBI's ACL for loans sold       (55) (55)
Provision for credit losses 220 129 (1,211) (829) (1,340)
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off   2   15 14
Balance, end of period 4,731 6,454 4,731 6,454 5,942
MF FIN          
Allowance for credit losses          
Balance, beginning of period 63,471 34,412 55,126 26,874 26,874
FMBI's ACL for loans sold       (186) (186)
Provision for credit losses 22,653 12,745 79,701 23,818 33,674
Loans charged to the allowance (27,630) (1,933) (76,333) (5,282) (5,282)
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off         46
Balance, end of period 58,494 45,224 58,494 45,224 55,126
HC FIN          
Allowance for credit losses          
Balance, beginning of period 6,344 23,522 8,562 22,454 22,454
FMBI's ACL for loans sold       (2) (2)
Provision for credit losses 6,812 (7,119) 12,091 (6,049) (10,795)
Loans charged to the allowance     (7,497)   (3,095)
Balance, end of period 13,156 16,403 13,156 16,403 8,562
CML & CRE          
Allowance for credit losses          
Balance, beginning of period 11,860 12,591 10,293 12,243 12,243
FMBI's ACL for loans sold       (92) (92)
Provision for credit losses 1,836 209 3,745 1,674 276
Loans charged to the allowance (1,870) (127) (2,240) (1,155) (2,210)
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 23 5 51 8 76
Balance, end of period 11,849 12,678 11,849 12,678 10,293
AG & AGRE          
Allowance for credit losses          
Balance, beginning of period 637 489 539 619 619
FMBI's ACL for loans sold       (246) (246)
Provision for credit losses 17 13 115 129 166
Balance, end of period 654 502 654 502 539
CON & MAR          
Allowance for credit losses          
Balance, beginning of period 74 75 108 169 169
FMBI's ACL for loans sold       (12) (12)
Provision for credit losses (63) 11 (97) (71) (49)
Balance, end of period $ 11 $ 86 $ 11 $ 86 $ 108
v3.25.3
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans - Amortized cost basis and ACL (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Jun. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Jun. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis $ 10,608,551   $ 10,438,388      
ACL-Loans 93,330 $ 91,811 84,386 $ 84,549 $ 81,028 $ 71,752
Real Estate            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 425,594   314,557      
Accounts Receivable / Equipment            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 4   1,453      
Other            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 883   1,322      
Collateral pledged            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 426,481   317,332      
ACL-Loans 33,201   25,224      
RES RE            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 1,008,979   1,322,853      
ACL-Loans 4,731 4,511 5,942 6,454 6,323 7,323
RES RE | Real Estate            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 7,303   6,153      
RES RE | Collateral pledged            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 7,303   6,153      
ACL-Loans 37   31      
MF FIN            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 4,877,477   4,624,299      
ACL-Loans 58,494 63,471 55,126 45,224 34,412 26,874
MF FIN | Real Estate            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 307,977   227,054      
MF FIN | Other            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis     693      
MF FIN | Collateral pledged            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 307,977   227,747      
ACL-Loans 25,460   22,265      
HC FIN            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 1,476,046   1,484,483      
ACL-Loans 13,156 6,344 8,562 16,403 23,522 22,454
HC FIN | Real Estate            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 101,363   73,225      
HC FIN | Collateral pledged            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 101,363   73,225      
ACL-Loans 7,017   2,569      
CML & CRE            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 1,514,445   1,476,211      
ACL-Loans 11,849 11,860 10,293 12,678 12,591 12,243
CML & CRE | Real Estate            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 8,770   8,125      
CML & CRE | Accounts Receivable / Equipment            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis     1,447      
CML & CRE | Other            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 883   629      
CML & CRE | Collateral pledged            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 9,653   10,201      
ACL-Loans 685   358      
AG & AGRE            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 84,824   77,631      
ACL-Loans 654 $ 637 539 $ 502 $ 489 $ 619
AG & AGRE | Real Estate            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 181          
AG & AGRE | Accounts Receivable / Equipment            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 4   6      
AG & AGRE | Collateral pledged            
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans            
Amortized Cost Basis 185   6      
ACL-Loans $ 2   $ 1      
v3.25.3
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans - Credit Risk Profile of Loan Portfolio (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 $ 1,912,116   $ 1,912,116   $ 1,752,656
2024/2023 952,862   952,862   923,749
2023/2022 586,144   586,144   1,151,608
2022/2021 284,345   284,345   163,431
2021/2020 95,095   95,095   49,226
Prior 84,730   84,730   53,272
Revolving Loans 6,693,259   6,693,259   6,344,446
Total Loans 10,608,551   10,608,551   10,438,388
Net Charge-Offs          
Charge-offs 2024/2023     266   870
Charge-offs 2023/2022     25,323   4,665
Charge-offs 2022/2021     47,774   4,077
Charge-offs 2021/2020     6,856    
Charge-offs Prior     5,851   975
Total Charge-offs 29,500 $ 2,060 86,070 $ 6,437 10,587
Pass          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 1,789,847   1,789,847   1,598,887
2024/2023 833,741   833,741   714,740
2023/2022 419,133   419,133   1,006,473
2022/2021 190,934   190,934   125,050
2021/2020 65,069   65,069   49,226
Prior 82,126   82,126   52,738
Revolving Loans 6,645,503   6,645,503   6,193,973
Total Loans 10,026,353   10,026,353   9,741,087
Special Mention          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 68,787   68,787   120,884
2024/2023 73,666   73,666   77,700
2023/2022 827   827   68,910
2022/2021 1,384   1,384   1,633
2021/2020 1,176   1,176    
Prior 2,452   2,452   290
Revolving Loans 7,425   7,425   110,552
Total Loans 155,717   155,717   379,969
Substandard          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 53,482   53,482   32,885
2024/2023 45,455   45,455   131,309
2023/2022 166,184   166,184   76,225
2022/2021 92,027   92,027   36,748
2021/2020 28,850   28,850    
Prior 152   152   244
Revolving Loans 40,331   40,331   39,921
Total Loans 426,481   426,481   317,332
MTG WHRA          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
Revolving Loans 1,645,884   1,645,884   1,446,068
Total Loans 1,645,884   1,645,884   1,446,068
MTG WHRA | Pass          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
Revolving Loans 1,645,884   1,645,884   1,446,068
Total Loans 1,645,884   1,645,884   1,446,068
RES RE          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 43,270   43,270   40,363
2024/2023 34,729   34,729   30,750
2023/2022 26,198   26,198   8,234
2022/2021 7,391   7,391   6,181
2021/2020 4,969   4,969   18,712
Prior 21,958   21,958   6,413
Revolving Loans 870,464   870,464   1,212,200
Total Loans 1,008,979   1,008,979   1,322,853
RES RE | Pass          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 43,270   43,270   40,363
2024/2023 34,729   34,729   30,750
2023/2022 26,198   26,198   8,212
2022/2021 7,369   7,369   6,181
2021/2020 4,969   4,969   18,712
Prior 21,829   21,829   6,210
Revolving Loans 863,312   863,312   1,206,272
Total Loans 1,001,676   1,001,676   1,316,700
RES RE | Substandard          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2023/2022         22
2022/2021 22   22    
Prior 129   129   203
Revolving Loans 7,152   7,152   5,928
Total Loans 7,303   7,303   6,153
MF FIN          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 978,347   978,347   1,135,509
2024/2023 788,816   788,816   701,573
2023/2022 434,665   434,665   553,495
2022/2021 145,564   145,564   69,337
2021/2020 21,178   21,178   5,460
Prior 10,899   10,899   10,694
Revolving Loans 2,498,008   2,498,008   2,148,231
Total Loans 4,877,477   4,877,477   4,624,299
Net Charge-Offs          
Charge-offs 2024/2023         870
Charge-offs 2023/2022     25,069   4,412
Charge-offs 2022/2021     47,614    
Charge-offs Prior     3,650    
Total Charge-offs 27,630 1,933 76,333 5,282 5,282
MF FIN | Pass          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 916,026   916,026   1,028,288
2024/2023 717,584   717,584   518,320
2023/2022 294,311   294,311   419,723
2022/2021 54,361   54,361   66,787
2021/2020 21,178   21,178   5,460
Prior 8,590   8,590   10,456
Revolving Loans 2,469,270   2,469,270   2,109,707
Total Loans 4,481,320   4,481,320   4,158,741
MF FIN | Special Mention          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 26,896   26,896   88,337
2024/2023 57,566   57,566   77,700
2023/2022         57,679
Prior 2,309   2,309   238
Revolving Loans 1,409   1,409   13,857
Total Loans 88,180   88,180   237,811
MF FIN | Substandard          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 35,425   35,425   18,884
2024/2023 13,666   13,666   105,553
2023/2022 140,354   140,354   76,093
2022/2021 91,203   91,203   2,550
Revolving Loans 27,329   27,329   24,667
Total Loans 307,977   307,977   227,747
HC FIN          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 824,649   824,649   506,767
2024/2023 62,648   62,648   137,823
2023/2022 71,863   71,863   475,293
2022/2021 63,088   63,088   25,363
2021/2020 20,317   20,317    
Revolving Loans 433,481   433,481   339,237
Total Loans 1,476,046   1,476,046   1,484,483
Net Charge-Offs          
Charge-offs 2022/2021         3,095
Charge-offs 2021/2020     5,296    
Charge-offs Prior     2,201    
Total Charge-offs     7,497   3,095
HC FIN | Pass          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 768,087   768,087   460,259
2024/2023 15,009   15,009   112,223
2023/2022 46,263   46,263   466,393
2022/2021 63,088   63,088    
Revolving Loans 421,691   421,691   234,316
Total Loans 1,314,138   1,314,138   1,273,191
HC FIN | Special Mention          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 38,505   38,505   32,547
2024/2023 16,100   16,100    
2023/2022         8,900
Revolving Loans 5,940   5,940   96,620
Total Loans 60,545   60,545   138,067
HC FIN | Substandard          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 18,057   18,057   13,961
2024/2023 31,539   31,539   25,600
2023/2022 25,600   25,600    
2022/2021         25,363
2021/2020 20,317   20,317    
Revolving Loans 5,850   5,850   8,301
Total Loans 101,363   101,363   73,225
CML & CRE          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 54,712   54,712   52,363
2024/2023 50,712   50,712   46,149
2023/2022 46,268   46,268   109,892
2022/2021 63,534   63,534   59,371
2021/2020 45,779   45,779   16,264
Prior 31,632   31,632   18,309
Revolving Loans 1,221,808   1,221,808   1,173,863
Total Loans 1,514,445   1,514,445   1,476,211
Net Charge-Offs          
Charge-offs 2024/2023     266    
Charge-offs 2023/2022     254   253
Charge-offs 2022/2021     160   982
Charge-offs 2021/2020     1,560    
Charge-offs Prior         975
Total Charge-offs 1,870 $ 127 2,240 $ 1,155 2,210
CML & CRE | Pass          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 51,415   51,415   52,323
2024/2023 50,462   50,462   45,999
2023/2022 45,215   45,215   107,451
2022/2021 61,529   61,529   48,903
2021/2020 36,070   36,070   16,264
Prior 31,466   31,466   18,216
Revolving Loans 1,221,732   1,221,732   1,172,763
Total Loans 1,497,889   1,497,889   1,461,919
CML & CRE | Special Mention          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 3,297   3,297    
2023/2022 827   827   2,331
2022/2021 1,384   1,384   1,633
2021/2020 1,176   1,176    
Prior 143   143   52
Revolving Loans 76   76   75
Total Loans 6,903   6,903   4,091
CML & CRE | Substandard          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024         40
2024/2023 250   250   150
2023/2022 226   226   110
2022/2021 621   621   8,835
2021/2020 8,533   8,533    
Prior 23   23   41
Revolving Loans         1,025
Total Loans 9,653   9,653   10,201
AG & AGRE          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 11,018   11,018   17,328
2024/2023 15,731   15,731   7,379
2023/2022 7,133   7,133   4,676
2022/2021 4,762   4,762   3,170
2021/2020 2,851   2,851   8,790
Prior 20,241   20,241   13,705
Revolving Loans 23,088   23,088   22,583
Total Loans 84,824   84,824   77,631
AG & AGRE | Pass          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 10,929   10,929   17,328
2024/2023 15,731   15,731   7,373
2023/2022 7,129   7,129   4,676
2022/2021 4,581   4,581   3,170
2021/2020 2,851   2,851   8,790
Prior 20,241   20,241   13,705
Revolving Loans 23,088   23,088   22,583
Total Loans 84,550   84,550   77,625
AG & AGRE | Special Mention          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 89   89    
Total Loans 89   89    
AG & AGRE | Substandard          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2024/2023         6
2023/2022 4   4    
2022/2021 181   181    
Total Loans 185   185   6
CON & MAR          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 120   120   326
2024/2023 226   226   75
2023/2022 17   17   18
2022/2021 6   6   9
2021/2020 1   1    
Prior         4,151
Revolving Loans 526   526   2,264
Total Loans 896   896   6,843
CON & MAR | Pass          
Credit risk profile of portfolio          
2025/2024 120   120   326
2024/2023 226   226   75
2023/2022 17   17   18
2022/2021 6   6   9
2021/2020 1   1    
Prior         4,151
Revolving Loans 526   526   2,264
Total Loans $ 896   $ 896   $ 6,843
v3.25.3
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans - Aging Analysis Of The Recorded Investment In Loans (Details)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
loan
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
loan
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable $ 10,608,551 $ 10,438,388
Loans percentage 100.00% 100.00%
30-59 Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable $ 32,645 $ 10,460
60-89 Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 14,712 15,633
90+ Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable $ 277,223 $ 266,170
Loans percentage 3.00% 3.00%
Total Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable $ 324,580 $ 292,263
Loans percentage 3.00% 3.00%
Current    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable $ 10,283,971 $ 10,146,125
Loans percentage 97.00% 97.00%
MTG WHRA    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable $ 1,645,884 $ 1,446,068
MTG WHRA | Current    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 1,645,884 1,446,068
RES RE    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 1,008,979 1,322,853
RES RE | 30-59 Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 3,006 $ 1,294
Number of delinquent loans classified as held for sale | loan   2
Loan as held for sale   $ 2,100
RES RE | 60-89 Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 2,831 3,797
RES RE | 90+ Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 3,048 $ 2,339
Number of delinquent loans classified as held for sale | loan   1
Loan as held for sale   $ 100
RES RE | Total Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 8,885 7,430
RES RE | Current    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 1,000,094 1,315,423
MF FIN    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 4,877,477 4,624,299
MF FIN | 30-59 Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable $ 8,391 $ 8,497
Number of delinquent loans classified as held for sale | loan 1 1
Loan as held for sale $ 11,700 $ 30,100
MF FIN | 60-89 Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 11,850 11,148
MF FIN | 90+ Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 203,870 201,508
MF FIN | Total Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 224,111 221,153
MF FIN | Current    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 4,653,366 4,403,146
HC FIN    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 1,476,046 1,484,483
HC FIN | 30-59 Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 21,248  
HC FIN | 90+ Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 67,867 59,264
HC FIN | Total Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 89,115 59,264
HC FIN | Current    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 1,386,931 1,425,219
CML & CRE    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 1,514,445 1,476,211
CML & CRE | 30-59 Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable   596
CML & CRE | 60-89 Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable   688
CML & CRE | 90+ Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 2,434 3,047
CML & CRE | Total Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 2,434 4,331
CML & CRE | Current    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 1,512,011 1,471,880
AG & AGRE    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 84,824 77,631
AG & AGRE | 30-59 Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable   73
AG & AGRE | 60-89 Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 31  
AG & AGRE | 90+ Days Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 4 12
AG & AGRE | Total Past Due    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 35 85
AG & AGRE | Current    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 84,789 77,546
CON & MAR    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable 896 6,843
CON & MAR | Current    
Aging analysis of loan portfolio    
Loans Receivable $ 896 $ 6,843
v3.25.3
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans - Non Accrual Loans and Loans Past Due 90 Days Or More and Still Accruing (Details)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
loan
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans          
Interest income recognized on nonaccrual financial assets $ 0 $ 100 $ 100 $ 1,000  
Nonaccrual 282,168   282,168   $ 279,716
Total Loans Greater than 90 Days & Accruing 16,100   16,100   6
RES RE          
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans          
Nonaccrual 7,303   7,303   $ 6,154
RES RE | Greater Than 90 Days          
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans          
Number of nonaccrual loans held for sale | loan         1
Nonaccrual loans held for sale         $ 100
MF FIN          
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans          
Nonaccrual 211,567   211,567   201,508
HC FIN          
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans          
Nonaccrual 60,824   60,824   69,001
Total Loans Greater than 90 Days & Accruing 16,100   16,100    
CML & CRE          
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans          
Nonaccrual 2,470   2,470   3,047
AG & AGRE          
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans          
Nonaccrual $ 4   $ 4   6
Total Loans Greater than 90 Days & Accruing         $ 6
v3.25.3
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans - Modified loans (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified $ 88,108 $ 27,860 $ 146,065 $ 108,747
% of Total Class of Financing Receivable 1.00%   1.00% 1.00%
Specific reserves recorded on troubled loan modifications $ 0   $ 0  
Modified loans 146,065   146,065  
Value of loans defaulted     0  
Current        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Modified loans 146,065   146,065  
Payment Delay        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified   14,460   $ 48,659
Term Extension        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified 71,353 13,400 96,595 60,088
Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified 16,755   49,470  
MF FIN        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified $ 41,151 17,746 $ 98,930 $ 94,398
% of Total Class of Financing Receivable 1.00%   2.00% 2.00%
Modified loans $ 98,930   $ 98,930  
MF FIN | Current        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Modified loans 98,930   98,930  
MF FIN | Payment Delay        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified   $ 4,346   $ 38,545
Weighted average term modification   5 months   7 months
MF FIN | Term Extension        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified $ 33,453 $ 13,400 $ 58,695 $ 55,853
Weighted average term modification 11 months 4 months 10 months 22 months
MF FIN | Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified $ 7,698   $ 40,235  
Weighted average term modification 4 months   5 months  
HC FIN        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified $ 46,362 $ 10,114 $ 46,362 $ 14,349
% of Total Class of Financing Receivable 3.00% 1.00% 3.00% 1.00%
Modified loans $ 46,362   $ 46,362  
HC FIN | Current        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Modified loans 46,362   46,362  
HC FIN | Payment Delay        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified   $ 10,114   $ 10,114
Weighted average term modification   6 months   6 months
HC FIN | Term Extension        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified $ 37,305   $ 37,305 $ 4,235
Weighted average term modification 8 months   8 months 12 months
HC FIN | Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified $ 9,057   $ 9,057  
Weighted average term modification 14 months   14 months  
CML & CRE        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified $ 595   $ 773  
Modified loans 773   773  
CML & CRE | Current        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Modified loans 773   773  
CML & CRE | Term Extension        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified $ 595   $ 595  
Weighted average term modification 60 months   60 months  
CML & CRE | Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amortized cost of loan modified     $ 178  
Weighted average term modification     61 months  
CML & CRE | Forbearance        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Weighted average term modification     12 months  
v3.25.3
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans - Narrative (Details)
1 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2025
USD ($)
loan
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
loan
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
loan
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Purchase of loans   $ 50,071,000 $ 84,963,000  
Standby letters of credit        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Loan guarantee   $ 193,400,000   $ 204,700,000
Standby letters of credit | Minimum        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Term of loan guarantees   1 year    
Standby letters of credit | Maximum        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Term of loan guarantees   8 years    
Multi-family financing | Special Mention        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Number of loans classified as held for sale | loan   2   1
Loan as held for sale   $ 14,400,000   $ 17,400,000
Multi-family financing | Loan Sale and Freddie Mac Q Series Securitization        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Amount of portfolio of loans sold in a securitization transaction $ 237,000,000      
Number of loans securitized | loan 1      
Gain on sale of loans $ 300,000      
Mortgage servicing right established $ 497,000      
Residential real estate        
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans        
Value of residential loans in process of foreclosure   $ 3,000,000   $ 1,900,000
v3.25.3
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Supplemental cash flow information:    
Transfer of loans to other real estate owned   $ 90
Investments received in securitization of loans sold $ 3,583 534,538
Deposits received upon loan origination 189,206  
Transfer of loans from loans held for sale to loans receivable 18,429 61,500
Transfer of loans from loans receivable to loans held for sale $ 386,604 $ 604,969
v3.25.3
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits - Investments And Commitments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits    
Investment $ 231,367 $ 180,107
Total 242,358 191,044
Unfunded Commitments 103,405 93,929
Total 103,405 93,929
LIHTC    
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits    
Investment $ 184,485 $ 123,574
Investment, Proportional Amortization Method, Elected, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other Assets and Receivables. Other Assets and Receivables.
Unfunded Commitments $ 103,405 $ 93,929
LIHTC projects held for future syndication    
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits    
Investment $ 46,882 $ 56,533
Investment, Proportional Amortization Method, Elected, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other Assets and Receivables. Other Assets and Receivables.
Joint Venture    
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits    
Investment $ 10,991 $ 10,937
v3.25.3
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits - Amortization and Tax Credits (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits        
Amortization expense $ 4,420 $ 3,406 $ 11,979 $ 8,551
Investment Program, Proportional Amortization Method, Applied, Amortization Expense, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Income Tax Expense (Benefit) Income Tax Expense (Benefit) Income Tax Expense (Benefit) Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
Expected tax credits $ 4,860 $ 3,789 $ 13,229 $ 10,032
Investment Program, Proportional Amortization Method, Elected, Income Tax Credit and Other Income Tax Benefit, before Amortization, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Income Tax Expense (Benefit) Income Tax Expense (Benefit) Income Tax Expense (Benefit) Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
v3.25.3
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits - Other (Details) - LIHTC - USD ($)
$ in Millions
9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits    
General partner services fee $ 29.7  
Revenue recognition constrained on fees (percent) 100.00%  
Payment to acquire projects $ 106.5 $ 98.8
Investor | Minimum    
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits    
Investment owned in percent 85.00%  
Investor | Maximum    
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits    
Investment owned in percent 99.99%  
v3.25.3
Qualified Affordable Housing and Other Tax Credits - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Supplemental cash flow information:  
Qualified affordable housing investments obtained in exchange for funding commitments $ 42,516
Deposits received upon reduction of funding commitments 23,040
Beneficial interests received in exchange for LIHTC's sold $ 12,969
v3.25.3
Leases - Other (Details)
Sep. 30, 2025
Minimum  
Leases  
Lease period 1 year
Maximum  
Leases  
Lease period 6 years
v3.25.3
Leases - Balance sheet, Statement of Income and Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Leases          
Operating lease ROU asset (in other assets) $ 6,969   $ 6,969   $ 8,332
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other Assets and Receivables.   Other Assets and Receivables.   Other Assets and Receivables.
Operating lease liability (in other liabilities) $ 7,797   $ 7,797   $ 9,303
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other Liabilities   Other Liabilities   Other Liabilities
Weighted average remaining lease term (years) 3 years 10 months 24 days   3 years 10 months 24 days   4 years 7 months 6 days
Weighted average discount rate 3.44%   3.44%   3.43%
Maturities of operating lease liabilities:          
One year or less $ 2,323   $ 2,323    
Year two 2,283   2,283    
Year three 1,748   1,748    
Year four 1,212   1,212    
Year five 558   558    
Thereafter 214   214    
Total future minimum lease payments 8,338   8,338    
Less: imputed interest 541   541    
Total $ 7,797   $ 7,797   $ 9,303
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other Liabilities   Other Liabilities   Other Liabilities
Leases, additional information          
Operating lease cost $ 811 $ 652 $ 2,243 $ 2,021  
Operating cash flows for operating leases     $ 1,729 1,881  
Change in ROU assets due to lease renegotiation       (1,063)  
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities       $ 789  
v3.25.3
Other Assets and Receivables - Joint Ventures (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Joint Ventures    
Investments in debt funds $ 31.4 $ 31.8
Additional investment in joint ventures 10.0 3.8
Corporate Joint Venture    
Joint Ventures    
Investment in joint ventures $ 53.0 $ 42.2
v3.25.3
Other Assets and Receivables - Freestanding Credit Enhancements (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Billions
1 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Other Assets and Receivables    
Principal balance of warehouse loans $ 1.2 $ 1.2
Percentage of notional amount of warehouse repurchase 12.50%  
Percentage of portfolio notional amount 0.80%  
CDS recovery asset $ 0.0 $ 0.0
Minimum    
Other Assets and Receivables    
Replenishment amount of mutual agreement $ 1.2  
Replenishment period of mutual agreement 36 months  
Maximum    
Other Assets and Receivables    
Replenishment amount of mutual agreement $ 2.0  
Replenishment period of mutual agreement 48 months  
v3.25.3
Variable Interest Entities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Variable Interest Entities    
Liabilities for VIEs $ 17,129,213 $ 16,562,422 [1]
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary    
Variable Interest Entities    
Investments in VIEs 316,733 257,499
Loans to VIEs 622,828 415,628
Securities for VIEs 1,658,828 1,652,833
Maximum Exposure to Loss 2,598,389 2,325,960
Liabilities for VIEs 93,107 92,708
Low-income housing tax credit investments | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary    
Variable Interest Entities    
Investments in VIEs 285,317 225,727
Loans to VIEs 331,758 282,584
Maximum Exposure to Loss 617,075 508,311
Liabilities for VIEs 93,107 89,956
Debt funds | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary    
Variable Interest Entities    
Investments in VIEs 31,416 31,772
Loans to VIEs 264,103 109,480
Maximum Exposure to Loss 295,519 141,252
Liabilities for VIEs   2,752
Mortgage-backed securitizations | Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary    
Variable Interest Entities    
Loans to VIEs 26,967 23,564
Securities for VIEs 1,658,828 1,652,833
Maximum Exposure to Loss $ 1,685,795 $ 1,676,397
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Deposits - Components (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Noninterest-bearing deposits    
Core demand deposits $ 399,814 $ 239,005 [1]
Interest-bearing deposits    
Core demand deposits 7,681,422 4,319,512
Total interest-earning demand deposits 7,681,422 4,319,512
Core savings deposits 3,788,707 3,442,111
Brokered savings deposits 660 859
Total savings deposits 3,789,367 3,442,970
Core certificates of deposits 920,689 1,385,270
Brokered certificates of deposits 1,143,413 2,533,219
Total certificates of deposits 2,064,102 3,918,489
Total interest-bearing deposits 13,534,891 11,680,971 [1]
Total core deposits 12,790,632 9,385,898
Total brokered deposits 1,144,073 2,534,078
Total deposits $ 13,934,705 $ 11,919,976 [1]
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Deposits - Maturities of deposits (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Deposits    
Due within one year $ 2,012,913  
Due in one year to two years 42,728  
Due in two years to three years 8,461  
Total certificates of deposits 2,064,102 $ 3,918,489
Certificates of deposit of 250,000 or more $ 486,800 $ 694,800
v3.25.3
Borrowings - Components (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Borrowings    
Other borrowings $ 7,934 $ 7,934
Total borrowings 2,902,631 4,386,122 [1]
Federal Reserve discount window borrowings    
Borrowings    
Total borrowings   50,000
Subordinated Debt    
Borrowings    
Total borrowings 71,800 71,800
FHLB advances    
Borrowings    
Total borrowings 2,747,845 4,172,030
Credit linked notes, net of debt discount    
Borrowings    
Total borrowings $ 75,052 $ 84,358
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Borrowings - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 18, 2025
Borrowings    
Option to cancel agreement (in days) 60 days  
Notice period (in days) 1 day  
FHLB advances    
Borrowings    
Outstanding balance $ 725.0 $ 2,000.0
Variable interest rate, basis points spread over variable reference rate (as a percent) 15.00%  
Debt Instrument, Variable Interest Rate, Type [Extensible Enumeration] FHLB advances  
FHLB advances interest rate 4.24%  
v3.25.3
Derivative Financial Instruments (Details)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Number of warehouse loan customers 2   2    
Changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of income          
Net (loss) gain $ (7,335,000) $ (23,771,000) $ (3,983,000) $ (10,143,000)  
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Noninterest Income, Other Noninterest Income, Other Noninterest Income, Other Noninterest Income, Other  
Pledged in collateral $ 9,900,000   $ 9,900,000   $ 263,000
Derivative assets          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Derivative assets, fair value 46,569,000   46,569,000   52,278,000
Derivative liabilities          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Derivative liabilities, fair value 422,000   422,000   177,000
Derivative          
Changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of income          
Net (loss) gain $ (571,000) $ (3,196,000) $ (1,961,000) $ (1,288,000)  
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net  
Interest rate lock commitments          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Notional amount $ 124,490,000   $ 124,490,000   24,609,000
Changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of income          
Net (loss) gain $ (306,000) $ 47,000 $ 102,000 $ (46,000)  
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net  
Interest rate lock commitments | Derivative assets          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Derivative assets, fair value $ 232,000   $ 232,000   30,000
Interest rate lock commitments | Derivative liabilities          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Derivative liabilities, fair value 276,000   276,000   176,000
Forward contracts          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Notional amount 134,685,000   134,685,000   33,000,000
Changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of income          
Net (loss) gain (243,000) $ (1,161,000) (761,000) $ (782,000)  
Forward contracts | Derivative assets          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Derivative assets, fair value 249,000   249,000   229,000
Forward contracts | Derivative liabilities          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Derivative liabilities, fair value 146,000   146,000   1,000
Interest rate swaps          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Notional amount 49,634,000   49,634,000   49,891,000
Changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of income          
Net (loss) gain $ (22,000) $ (2,082,000) $ (1,302,000) $ (460,000)  
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net Gain (Loss) on Sales of Loans, Net  
Interest rate swaps | Derivative assets          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Derivative assets, fair value $ 2,251,000   $ 2,251,000   4,199,000
Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back)          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Notional amount 1,138,484,000   1,138,484,000   724,224,000
Changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of income          
Gross swap gains 577,000 $ 9,211,000 9,129,000 $ 11,749,000  
Gross swap losses 577,000 9,211,000 9,129,000 11,749,000  
Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back) | Derivative assets          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Derivative assets, fair value 9,438,000   9,438,000   309,000
Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back) | Derivative liabilities          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Derivative liabilities, fair value 9,438,000   9,438,000   309,000
Put options          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Notional amount 629,868,000   629,868,000   680,354,000
Changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of income          
Net (loss) gain $ (6,565,000) $ (16,078,000) $ (5,288,000) $ (4,998,000)  
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Noninterest Income, Other Noninterest Income, Other Noninterest Income, Other Noninterest Income, Other  
Put options | Derivative assets          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Derivative assets, fair value $ 38,489,000   $ 38,489,000   43,777,000
Interest rate floors          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Notional amount 1,142,236,000   1,142,236,000   1,228,274,000
Changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of income          
Net (loss) gain $ (770,000) $ (7,693,000) $ 1,305,000 $ (5,145,000)  
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Noninterest Income, Other Noninterest Income, Other Noninterest Income, Other Noninterest Income, Other  
Interest rate floors | Derivative assets          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Derivative assets, fair value $ 5,348,000   $ 5,348,000   4,043,000
Credit derivatives          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Notional amount $ 138,797,000   138,797,000   $ 58,526,000
Credit Default Swap          
Derivative Financial Instruments          
Aggregate collateral obligation     146,000,000    
Changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of income          
Net (loss) gain     $ 0 $ 0  
v3.25.3
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Mortgage loans in process of securitization $ 414,786 $ 428,206 [1]
Securities available for sale 885,070 980,050 [1]
Loans held for sale 112,832 78,170
Servicing rights 213,156 189,935 [1]
Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Mortgage loans in process of securitization 414,786 428,206
Loans held for sale 112,832 78,170
Servicing rights 213,156 189,935
Recurring | Interest rate lock commitments    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 232 30
Derivative liabilities 276 176
Recurring | Forward contracts    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 249 229
Derivative liabilities 146 1
Recurring | Interest rate swaps    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 2,251 4,199
Recurring | Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back)    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 9,438 309
Derivative liabilities 9,438 309
Recurring | Put options    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 38,489 43,777
Recurring | Interest rate floors    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 5,348 4,043
Level 2 | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Mortgage loans in process of securitization 414,786 428,206
Loans held for sale 112,832 78,170
Level 2 | Recurring | Forward contracts    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 249 229
Derivative liabilities 146 1
Level 2 | Recurring | Interest rate swaps    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 2,251 4,199
Level 2 | Recurring | Interest rate swaps, caps and floors (back-to-back)    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 9,438 309
Derivative liabilities 9,438 309
Level 2 | Recurring | Put options    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 6,372 12,481
Level 3 | Interest rate lock commitments    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 232 30
Derivative liabilities 276 176
Level 3 | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Servicing rights 213,156 189,935
Level 3 | Recurring | Interest rate lock commitments    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 232 30
Derivative liabilities 276 176
Level 3 | Recurring | Put options    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 32,117 31,296
Level 3 | Recurring | Interest rate floors    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Derivative assets 5,348 4,043
Treasury notes    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 30,600 90,006
Treasury notes | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 30,600 90,006
Treasury notes | Level 1 | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 30,600 90,006
Federal Agencies    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 259,527 252,936
Federal Agencies | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 259,527 252,936
Federal Agencies | Level 2 | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 259,527 252,936
Mortgage-backed - Agency | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 3,564 1,162
Mortgage-backed - Agency | Level 2 | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 3,564 1,162
Mortgage-backed - Government Agency ("Agency")    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 3,564 1,162
Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 399,567 430,779
Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 399,567 430,779
Mortgage-backed - Non-Agency residential | Level 2 | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 399,567 430,779
Mortgage-backed - Agency - fair value option    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 191,812 205,167
Mortgage-backed - Agency - fair value option | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale 191,812 205,167
Mortgage-backed - Agency - fair value option | Level 2 | Recurring    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Securities available for sale $ 191,812 $ 205,167
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Reconciliation of Unobservable Inputs (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Derivative liabilities | Interest rate lock commitments        
Reconciliation of significant unobservable inputs, liabilities:        
Balance, beginning of period $ 8 $ 127 $ 176 $ 4
Gain (loss) recognized 268 (76) 100 47
Balance, end of period 276 51 276 51
Servicing rights        
Reconciliation of significant unobservable inputs, assets:        
Balance, beginning of period 193,037 178,776 189,935 158,457
Additions        
Purchased servicing 12,858   12,928  
Originated servicing 7,588 7,370 16,170 13,297
Subtractions        
Paydowns (2,450) (2,090) (7,504) (6,729)
Changes in fair value - assets 2,123 (6,729) 1,627 12,302
Balance, end of period 213,156 177,327 213,156 177,327
Available for sale securities        
Reconciliation of significant unobservable inputs, assets:        
Balance, beginning of period   462,627   485,500
Subtractions        
Paydowns   (9,773)   (26,643)
Changes in fair value   8,660   2,657
Balance, end of period   461,514   461,514
Derivative assets | Put options        
Reconciliation of significant unobservable inputs, assets:        
Balance, beginning of period 36,210 24,657 31,296 18,654
Subtractions        
Changes in fair value - assets (4,093) (8,660) 821 (2,657)
Balance, end of period 32,117 15,997 32,117 15,997
Derivative assets | Interest rate floors        
Reconciliation of significant unobservable inputs, assets:        
Balance, beginning of period 6,118 9,124 4,043 6,576
Subtractions        
Changes in fair value - assets (770) (7,693) 1,305 (5,145)
Balance, end of period 5,348 1,431 5,348 1,431
Derivative assets | Interest rate lock commitments        
Reconciliation of significant unobservable inputs, assets:        
Balance, beginning of period 270 170 30 140
Subtractions        
Gain recognized (38) (29) 202 1
Balance, end of period $ 232 $ 141 $ 232 $ 141
v3.25.3
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Nonrecurring Basis (Details) - Nonrecurring - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Collateral-dependent loans $ 234,571 $ 59,915
Other real estate owned 4,347 7,313
Level 3    
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities    
Collateral-dependent loans 234,571 59,915
Other real estate owned $ 4,347 $ 7,313
v3.25.3
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Quantitative Information about Unobservable Inputs (Details)
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing rights $ 213,156,000 $ 189,935,000 [1]
Level 3    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Other real estate owned 4,347,000 7,313,000
Level 3 | Measurement Input, Discount Rate    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Other real estate owned 0.06  
Level 3 | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Minimum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Other real estate owned   0.02
Level 3 | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Maximum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Other real estate owned   0.08
Level 3 | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Other real estate owned 0.06 0.05
Level 3 | Servicing rights | SBA    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing rights $ 4,316,000 $ 4,259,000
Level 3 | Servicing rights | SBA | Measurement Input, Discount Rate    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.16 0.16
Level 3 | Servicing rights | SBA | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.16 0.16
Level 3 | Servicing rights | SBA | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Minimum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.05 0.04
Level 3 | Servicing rights | SBA | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Maximum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.23 0.24
Level 3 | Servicing rights | SBA | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.15 0.14
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Single family    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing rights $ 33,281,000 $ 34,986,000
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Single family | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Minimum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.09 0.10
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Single family | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Maximum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.12 0.11
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Single family | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.09 0.10
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Single family | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Minimum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.03 0.06
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Single family | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Maximum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 1 0.14
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Single family | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.08 0.07
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Multi-family    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing rights $ 160,934,000 $ 146,483,000
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Multi-family | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Minimum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.08 0.08
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Multi-family | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Maximum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.15 0.15
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Multi-family | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.09 0.09
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Multi-family | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Minimum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0 0
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Multi-family | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Maximum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 1 1
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Multi-family | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.08 0.07
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Multi-family | Earnings rate on escrows    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.03 0.03
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Multi-family | Earnings rate on escrows | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.03 0.03
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Healthcare financing    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing rights $ 14,625,000 $ 4,207,000
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Healthcare financing | Measurement Input, Discount Rate    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input   0.13
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Healthcare financing | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Minimum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.10  
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Healthcare financing | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Maximum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.13  
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Healthcare financing | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.11 0.13
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Healthcare financing | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Minimum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.01 0.01
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Healthcare financing | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Maximum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 1 0.02
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Healthcare financing | Measurement Input, Constant Prepayment Rate | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.06 0.01
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Healthcare financing | Earnings rate on escrows    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.03 0.03
Level 3 | Servicing rights | Healthcare financing | Earnings rate on escrows | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Servicing asset, measurement input 0.03 0.03
Level 3 | Collateral-dependent impaired loans    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Collateral-dependent loans $ 234,571,000 $ 59,915,000
Level 3 | Collateral-dependent impaired loans | Minimum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Marketability discount (as a percent) 0 0
Level 3 | Collateral-dependent impaired loans | Maximum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Marketability discount (as a percent) 0.81 0.90
Level 3 | Collateral-dependent impaired loans | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Marketability discount (as a percent) 0.15 0.29
Level 3 | Interest rate lock commitments    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Derivative assets $ 232,000 $ 30,000
Derivative liabilities $ 276,000 $ 176,000
Level 3 | Interest rate lock commitments | Measurement Input, Maturity | Minimum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Derivative assets, (as a percent) 0.54 0.71
Derivative liabilities (as a percent) 0.54 0.71
Level 3 | Interest rate lock commitments | Measurement Input, Maturity | Maximum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Derivative assets, (as a percent) 1 0.99
Derivative liabilities (as a percent) 1 0.99
Level 3 | Interest rate lock commitments | Measurement Input, Maturity | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Derivative assets, (as a percent) 0.70 0.87
Derivative liabilities (as a percent) 0.70 0.87
Level 3 | Put options | Measurement Input, Credit Spread    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Derivative assets $ 32,117,000 $ 31,296,000
Derivative assets, (as a percent) 0.04 0.04
Level 3 | Put options | Measurement Input, Credit Spread | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Derivative assets, (as a percent) 0.04 0.04
Level 3 | Interest rate floors | Measurement Input, Discount Rate    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Derivative assets $ 5,348,000 $ 4,043,000
Level 3 | Interest rate floors | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Minimum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Derivative assets, (as a percent) 0.06 0.06
Level 3 | Interest rate floors | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Maximum    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Derivative assets, (as a percent) 0.07 0.08
Level 3 | Interest rate floors | Measurement Input, Discount Rate | Weighted Average    
Quantitative information about unobservable inputs    
Derivative assets, (as a percent) 0.07 0.07
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Disclosures about Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities - Carrying Value and Estimated Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Financial assets:    
Securities held to maturity $ 1,670,306 $ 1,664,674
Loans held for sale 112,832 78,170
Carrying value per balance sheet    
Financial assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents 598,036 476,610
Securities purchased under agreements to resell 1,529 1,559
Securities held to maturity 1,670,555 1,664,686
FHLB stock and other equity securities 217,850 217,804
Loans held for sale 4,016,497 3,693,340
Loans receivable, net 10,515,221 10,354,002
Interest receivable 82,445 83,409
Financial liabilities:    
Deposits 13,934,705 11,919,976
Subordinated debt 71,800 71,800
FHLB advances 2,747,845 4,172,030
Other borrowing 7,934 57,934
Credit linked notes 75,052 84,358
Interest payable 32,724 34,475
Estimated fair value    
Financial assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents 598,036 476,610
Securities purchased under agreements to resell 1,529 1,559
Securities held to maturity 1,670,306 1,664,674
FHLB stock and other equity securities 217,850 217,804
Loans held for sale 4,016,497 3,693,340
Loans receivable, net 10,441,238 10,297,439
Interest receivable 82,445 83,409
Financial liabilities:    
Deposits 13,936,641 11,923,961
Subordinated debt 71,800 71,800
FHLB advances 2,737,887 4,171,843
Other borrowing 7,934 57,934
Credit linked notes 75,051 84,357
Interest payable 32,724 34,475
Level 1 | Estimated fair value    
Financial assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents 598,036 476,610
Financial liabilities:    
Deposits 11,870,603 8,001,487
Level 2 | Estimated fair value    
Financial assets:    
Securities purchased under agreements to resell 1,529 1,559
Securities held to maturity 745,845 538,871
FHLB stock and other equity securities 187,850 187,804
Loans held for sale 4,016,497 3,693,340
Interest receivable 82,445 83,409
Financial liabilities:    
Deposits 2,066,038 3,922,474
Subordinated debt 71,800 71,800
FHLB advances 2,737,887 4,171,843
Other borrowing 7,934 57,934
Credit linked notes 75,051 84,357
Interest payable 32,724 34,475
Level 3 | Estimated fair value    
Financial assets:    
Securities held to maturity 924,461 1,125,803
FHLB stock and other equity securities 30,000 30,000
Loans receivable, net $ 10,441,238 $ 10,297,439
v3.25.3
Common Stock (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
May 13, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Public Offerings of Common Stock    
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net   $ 97,655
Common stock    
Public Offerings of Common Stock    
Issuance of common stock, net of $5.5 million in offering expenses (in shares)   2,400,000
Public offering | Common stock    
Public Offerings of Common Stock    
Issuance of common stock, net of $5.5 million in offering expenses (in shares) 2,400,000  
Public offering price (in dollars per share) $ 43  
Gross proceeds from issuance of common stock $ 103,200  
Offering expenses on issuance of stock 5,500  
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net $ 97,700  
v3.25.3
Preferred Stock (Details)
9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 02, 2025
USD ($)
$ / shares
Nov. 25, 2024
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Apr. 01, 2024
USD ($)
$ / shares
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
shares
Sep. 27, 2022
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
May 06, 2021
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Mar. 23, 2021
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Aug. 19, 2019
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Apr. 12, 2019
USD ($)
shares
Mar. 28, 2019
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
$ / shares
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
$ / shares
Public Offering of Preferred Stock                          
Redemption of preferred stock                       $ 52,044,000  
Excise tax on preferred stock redemption                     $ 1,200,000    
7% Series A Preferred Stock                          
Public Offering of Preferred Stock                          
Preferred stock, redemption price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares     $ 25                    
Redemption of preferred stock     $ 52,000,000                    
Amount of stock issuance costs                     $ 1,800,000    
7% Series A Preferred Stock | Public offering                          
Public Offering of Preferred Stock                          
Issuance of stock (in shares) | shares                 81,800 2,000,000      
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)                   7.00%      
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares                   $ 25      
Aggregate gross offering proceeds for the shares issued                   $ 50,000,000      
Underwriting discounts                 $ 41,000        
Offering costs                   1,700,000      
Net proceeds                 $ 2,000,000 $ 48,300,000      
6% Series B Preferred Stock                          
Public Offering of Preferred Stock                          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)                     6.00%   6.00%
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares                     $ 1,000   $ 1,000
Amount of stock issuance costs                     $ 4,200,000    
6% Series B Preferred Stock | Public offering                          
Public Offering of Preferred Stock                          
Issuance of stock (in shares) | shares               5,000,000          
Depositary shares equivalent preferred stock interest per share               0.025          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)               6.00%          
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares               $ 1,000          
Preferred stock, redemption price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 1,000                        
Depositary share, preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 25             $ 25          
Aggregate gross offering proceeds for the shares issued               $ 125,000,000          
Underwriting discounts               4,200,000          
Net proceeds               $ 120,800,000          
Redemption of preferred stock $ 125,000,000                        
6% Series C Preferred Stock                          
Public Offering of Preferred Stock                          
Issuance of stock (in shares) | shares           46,181              
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)                     6.00%   6.00%
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares                     $ 1,000   $ 1,000
Depositary share, preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares           $ 25              
Offering costs           $ 23,000              
Net proceeds           $ 46,200,000              
Depositary shares issued (in shares) | shares           1,847,233              
6% Series C Preferred Stock | Public offering                          
Public Offering of Preferred Stock                          
Issuance of stock (in shares) | shares             6,000,000            
Depositary shares equivalent preferred stock interest per share             0.025            
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)             6.00%            
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares             $ 1,000            
Depositary share, preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares             $ 25            
Aggregate gross offering proceeds for the shares issued             $ 150,000,000            
Underwriting discounts             5,100,000            
Net proceeds             $ 144,900,000            
8.25% Series D Preferred Stock                          
Public Offering of Preferred Stock                          
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)                     8.25%   8.25%
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares                     $ 1,000   $ 1,000
8.25% Series D Preferred Stock | Public offering                          
Public Offering of Preferred Stock                          
Issuance of stock (in shares) | shares         5,200,000                
Depositary shares equivalent preferred stock interest per share         0.025                
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)         8.25%                
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares         $ 1,000                
Depositary share, preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares         $ 25                
Aggregate gross offering proceeds for the shares issued         $ 130,000,000                
Underwriting discounts         4,600,000                
Net proceeds         $ 125,400,000                
Series D Preferred Stock | Public offering                          
Public Offering of Preferred Stock                          
Issuance of stock (in shares) | shares       500,000                  
Underwriting discounts       $ 400,000                  
Net proceeds       $ 12,100,000                  
Series E Preferred Stock | Public offering                          
Public Offering of Preferred Stock                          
Issuance of stock (in shares) | shares   9,200,000                      
Depositary shares equivalent preferred stock interest per share   0.025                      
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)   7.625%                      
Preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 1,000                      
Depositary share, preferred stock liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 25                      
Aggregate gross offering proceeds for the shares issued   $ 230,000,000                      
Underwriting discounts   7,300,000                      
Net proceeds   $ 222,700,000                      
v3.25.3
Share-Based Payment Plans - Incentive Plan (Details) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Jan. 01, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Equity Incentive Plan 2017          
Plan disclosures          
Shares issued   0 3,446 80,875 88,658
Non executive directors          
Plan disclosures          
Value of shares available for issuance for compensation related to annual fees $ 70,000        
Shares issued   3,780 3,010 10,395 9,023
v3.25.3
Share-Based Payment Plans - ESOP (Details) - ESOP - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Employee Stock Ownership Plan        
Contribution to ESOP $ 0 $ 0    
Expense recognized for the contribution to the plan $ 376,000 $ 270,000 $ 1,100,000 $ 843,000
Shares contributed to the plan     30,802 23,414
v3.25.3
Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2025
Sep. 30, 2024
Net Income        
Net Income $ 54,701 $ 61,273 $ 150,921 $ 224,720
Dividends on preferred stock (10,265) (7,757) (30,796) (24,181)
Impact of preferred stock redemption     (5,371) (1,823)
Net Income Allocated to Common Shareholders $ 44,436 $ 53,516 $ 114,754 $ 198,716
Weighted-Average Shares        
Weighted average shares - Basic 45,887,143 45,759,667 45,865,167 44,549,432
Effect of dilutive securities-restricted stock awards 63,073 150,385 66,351 146,675
Weighted average shares - diluted 45,950,216 45,910,052 45,931,518 44,696,107
Per Share Amount        
Basic earnings per share $ 0.97 $ 1.17 $ 2.5 $ 4.46
Diluted earnings per share $ 0.97 $ 1.17 $ 2.5 $ 4.45
v3.25.3
Segment Information (Details)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
segment
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Segment Information          
Number of reportable segments | segment     3    
Interest income $ 301,779 $ 338,928 $ 893,382 $ 981,374  
Interest expense 173,721 206,107 514,409 593,378  
Net Interest Income 128,058 132,821 378,973 387,996  
Provision for credit losses 29,239 6,898 89,993 21,589 $ 24,300
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses 98,819 125,923 288,980 366,407  
Noninterest income 43,014 16,742 117,187 88,967  
Noninterest expense 77,250 61,318 216,251 160,610  
Income Before Income Taxes 64,583 81,347 189,916 294,764  
Income taxes 9,882 20,074 38,995 70,044  
Net Income 54,701 61,273 150,921 224,720  
Total assets 19,354,647 18,652,976 19,354,647 18,652,976 $ 18,805,732 [1]
Included in other noninterest income:          
Servicing rights fair value adjustments 2,123 (6,729) 1,627 12,302  
Derivative fair value adjustments (770) (7,693) 1,305 (5,145)  
Other          
Segment Information          
Interest income 3,655 4,413 11,467 10,840  
Interest expense (819) (798) (2,413) (2,356)  
Net Interest Income 4,474 5,211 13,880 13,196  
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses 4,474 5,211 13,880 13,196  
Noninterest income (3,541) (3,708) (11,312) (10,619)  
Noninterest expense 13,465 12,016 37,248 31,051  
Income Before Income Taxes (12,532) (10,513) (34,680) (28,474)  
Income taxes (2,042) (2,795) (7,663) (7,294)  
Net Income (10,490) (7,718) (27,017) (21,180)  
Total assets 325,416 321,625 325,416 321,625  
Multi-family Mortgage Banking | Operating Segments          
Segment Information          
Interest income 1,122 1,159 3,440 4,040  
Interest expense 20 20 60 60  
Net Interest Income 1,102 1,139 3,380 3,980  
Provision for credit losses (5) (741) (398) (741)  
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses 1,107 1,880 3,778 4,721  
Noninterest income 45,257 35,439 118,905 107,889  
Noninterest expense 30,962 25,747 89,091 65,969  
Income Before Income Taxes 15,402 11,572 33,592 46,641  
Income taxes 3,326 3,504 8,834 12,927  
Net Income 12,076 8,068 24,758 33,714  
Total assets 513,039 453,281 513,039 453,281  
Included in other noninterest income:          
Servicing rights fair value adjustments 2,517 (5,122) 3,711 12,575  
Mortgage Warehousing | Operating Segments          
Segment Information          
Interest income 109,538 103,770 296,425 289,835  
Interest expense 73,778 70,727 199,266 195,051  
Net Interest Income 35,760 33,043 97,159 94,784  
Provision for credit losses 1,343 (709) 2,702 1,226  
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses 34,417 33,752 94,457 93,558  
Noninterest income 523 (6,073) 6,603 (1,010)  
Noninterest expense 7,398 6,591 23,814 16,063  
Income Before Income Taxes 27,542 21,088 77,246 76,485  
Income taxes 3,978 5,148 15,298 18,085  
Net Income 23,564 15,940 61,948 58,400  
Total assets 6,993,817 5,842,489 6,993,817 5,842,489  
Included in other noninterest income:          
Derivative fair value adjustments (770) (7,693) 1,305 (5,145)  
Banking | Operating Segments          
Segment Information          
Interest income 187,464 229,586 582,050 676,659  
Interest expense 100,742 136,158 317,496 400,623  
Net Interest Income 86,722 93,428 264,554 276,036  
Provision for credit losses 27,901 8,348 87,689 21,104  
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses 58,821 85,080 176,865 254,932  
Noninterest income 775 (8,916) 2,991 (7,293)  
Noninterest expense 25,425 16,964 66,098 47,527  
Income Before Income Taxes 34,171 59,200 113,758 200,112  
Income taxes 4,620 14,217 22,526 46,326  
Net Income 29,551 44,983 91,232 153,786  
Total assets 11,522,375 12,035,581 11,522,375 12,035,581  
Included in other noninterest income:          
Servicing rights fair value adjustments $ (394) $ (1,607) $ (2,084) $ (273)  
[1] Derived from audited consolidated financial statements
v3.25.3
Regulatory Matters (Details)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Parent Company    
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)    
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets), Actual, Amount $ 2,320,759 $ 2,334,479
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets), Actual, Ratio (as a percent) 0.136 0.139
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Amount $ 1,788,780 $ 1,767,835
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Ratio (as a percent) 0.105 0.105
Tier I Capital (to risk-weighted assets)    
Tier I Capital, (to risk-weighted assets), Actual, Amount $ 2,216,963 $ 2,234,658
Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Actual, Ratio (as a percent) 0.13 0.133
Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Amount $ 1,448,060 $ 1,431,105
Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Ratio (as a percent) 0.085 0.085
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk-weighted assets)    
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Actual, Amount $ 1,665,673 $ 1,562,524
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Ratio (as a percent) 0.098 0.093
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Amount $ 1,192,520 $ 1,178,557
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets, Minimum Amount Required to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Ratio (as a percent) 0.07 0.07
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)    
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets), Actual, Amount $ 2,216,963 $ 2,234,658
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets), Actual, Ratio (as a percent) 0.118 0.121
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets), Minimum Amount Required to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Amount $ 940,224 $ 925,180
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets), Minimum Amount Required to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Ratio (as a percent) 0.05 0.05
Merchants Bank    
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)    
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets), Actual, Amount $ 2,274,675 $ 2,165,193
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets), Actual, Ratio (as a percent) 0.134 0.129
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Amount $ 1,787,525 $ 1,763,982
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Ratio (as a percent) 0.105 0.105
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount To Be Well Capitalized, Amount $ 1,702,405 $ 1,679,983
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount To Be Well Capitalized, Ratio (as a percent) 0.10 0.10
Tier I Capital (to risk-weighted assets)    
Tier I Capital, (to risk-weighted assets), Actual, Amount $ 2,170,879 $ 2,065,372
Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Actual, Ratio (as a percent) 0.128 0.123
Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Amount $ 1,447,044 $ 1,427,985
Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Ratio (as a percent) 0.085 0.085
Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount To Be Well Capitalized, Amount $ 1,361,924 $ 1,343,986
Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount To Be Well Capitalized, Ratio (as a percent) 0.08 0.08
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk-weighted assets)    
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Actual, Amount $ 2,170,879 $ 2,065,372
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Ratio (as a percent) 0.128 0.123
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Amount $ 1,191,683 $ 1,175,988
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets, Minimum Amount Required to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Ratio (as a percent) 0.07 0.07
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount To Be Well Capitalized, Amount $ 1,106,563 $ 1,091,989
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to risk weighted assets), Minimum Amount To Be Well Capitalized, Ratio (as a percent) 0.065 0.065
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)    
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets), Actual, Amount $ 2,170,879 $ 2,065,372
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets), Actual, Ratio (as a percent) 0.116 0.112
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets), Minimum Amount Required to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Amount $ 937,309 $ 922,006
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets), Minimum Amount Required to be Well Capitalized with Basel III Buffer, Ratio (as a percent) 0.05 0.05
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets), Minimum Amount To Be Well Capitalized, Amount $ 937,309 $ 922,006
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets), Minimum Amount To Be Well Capitalized, Ratio (as a percent) 0.05 0.05