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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission file number: 001-36787

RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
 
Canada 98-1206431
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)		 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

130 King Street West, Suite 300  M5X 1E1
Toronto,Ontario
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)  (Zip Code)
(905) 339-6011
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
 
Title of each class Trading SymbolsName of each exchange on which registered
Class B exchangeable limited partnership units QSPToronto Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☒  Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐  Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company
☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒
As of August 1, 2024, there were 133,576,590 Class B exchangeable limited partnership units and 202,027,241 Class A common units outstanding.

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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
  Page
Item 1.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 1.
Item 5.
Item 6.
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PART I — Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In millions of U.S. dollars, except unit data)
(Unaudited)
 As of
 June 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$942 $1,139 
Accounts and notes receivable, net of allowance of $37 and $37, respectively
737 749 
Inventories, net160 166 
Prepaids and other current assets191 119 
Total current assets2,030 2,173 
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $1,230 and $1,187, respectively
2,213 1,952 
Operating lease assets, net1,874 1,122 
Intangible assets, net11,266 11,107 
Goodwill6,140 5,775 
Other assets, net1,326 1,262 
Total assets$24,849 $23,391 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts and drafts payable$720 $790 
Other accrued liabilities1,099 1,005 
Gift card liability181 248 
Current portion of long-term debt and finance leases617 101 
Total current liabilities2,617 2,144 
Long-term debt, net of current portion13,092 12,854 
Finance leases, net of current portion302 312 
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion1,768 1,059 
Other liabilities, net823 996 
Deferred income taxes, net1,296 1,296 
Total liabilities19,898 18,661 
Partners’ capital:
Class A common units; 202,022,687 issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024; 202,006,067 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023
9,921 9,620 
Partnership exchangeable units; 133,581,144 issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024; 133,597,764 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023
(3,847)(3,907)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(1,125)(985)
Total Partners’ capital4,949 4,728 
Noncontrolling interests2 2 
Total equity4,951 4,730 
Total liabilities and equity$24,849 $23,391 
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In millions of U.S. dollars, except per unit data)
(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Revenues:
Supply chain sales$682 $676 $1,309 $1,283 
Company restaurant sales347 68 449 129 
Franchise and property revenues747 742 1,459 1,410 
Advertising revenues and other services304 289 602 543 
Total revenues2,080 1,775 3,819 3,365 
Operating costs and expenses:
Supply chain cost of sales540 551 1,057 1,048 
Company restaurant expenses286 61 375 114 
Franchise and property expenses134 130 260 253 
Advertising expenses and other services334 312 645 583 
General and administrative expenses185 163 358 338 
(Income) loss from equity method investments(69)11 (72)18 
Other operating expenses (income), net7 (7)(11)10 
Total operating costs and expenses1,417 1,221 2,612 2,364 
Income from operations663 554 1,207 1,001 
Interest expense, net147 145 295 287 
Loss on early extinguishment of debt32 — 32 — 
Income before income taxes484 409 880 714 
Income tax expense85 58 153 86 
Net income399 351 727 628 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests— 1 1 2 
Net income attributable to common unitholders$399 $350 $726 $626 
Earnings per unit - basic and diluted
Class A common units$1.39 $1.19 $2.52 $2.13 
Partnership exchangeable units$0.89 $0.77 $1.61 $1.39 
Weighted average units outstanding - basic and diluted (in millions):
Class A common units202 202 202 202 
Partnership exchangeable units134 141 134 142 
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
(Unaudited)

 Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
 2024202320242023
Net income$399 $351 $727 $628 
Foreign currency translation adjustment(107)194 (347)234 
Net change in fair value of net investment hedges, net of tax of $3, $4, $6 and $8
26 (84)160 (115)
Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of tax of $(10), $(31), $(36) and $(16)
27 86 96 43 
Amounts reclassified to earnings of cash flow hedges, net of tax of $10, $6, $18 and $11
(27)(17)(49)(30)
Gain (loss) recognized on other, net of tax of $0, $0, $0 and $0
— 2 — 2 
Other comprehensive income (loss)(81)181 (140)134 
Comprehensive income (loss)318 532 587 762 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests— 1 1 2 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common unitholders$318 $531 $586 $760 
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity
(In millions of U.S. dollars, except units)
(Unaudited)
 Class A Common
Units		Partnership
Exchangeable Units		Accumulated 
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)		Noncontrolling
Interest		Total
 UnitsAmountUnitsAmount
Balances at December 31, 2023202,006,067 $9,620 133,597,764 $(3,907)$(985)$2 $4,730 
Distributions declared on Class A common units ($0.91 per unit)
— (184)— — — — (184)
Distributions declared on partnership exchangeable units ($0.58 per unit)
— — — (77)— — (77)
Exchange of Partnership exchangeable units for RBI common shares2,220 — (2,220)— — — — 
Capital contribution from RBI— 98 — — — — 98 
Restaurant VIE contributions (distributions)— — — — — (1)(1)
Net income— 230 — 97 — 1 328 
Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — — (59)— (59)
Balances at March 31, 2024202,008,287 $9,764 133,595,544 $(3,887)$(1,044)$2 $4,835 
Distributions declared on Class A common units ($0.91 per unit)
— (184)— — — — (184)
Distributions declared on partnership exchangeable units ($0.58 per unit)
— — — (78)— — (78)
Exchange of Partnership exchangeable units for RBI common shares14,400 1 (14,400)(1)— — — 
Capital contribution from RBI— 60 — — — — 60 
Net income— 280 — 119 — — 399 
Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — — (81)— (81)
Balances at June 30, 2024202,022,687 $9,921 133,581,144 $(3,847)$(1,125)$2 $4,951 
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.



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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity
(In millions of U.S. dollars, except units)
(Unaudited)
 Class A Common
Units		Partnership
Exchangeable Units		Accumulated 
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)		Noncontrolling
Interest		Total
 UnitsAmountUnitsAmount
Balances at December 31, 2022202,006,067 $8,735 142,996,640 $(3,496)$(973)$2 $4,268 
Distributions declared on Class A common units ($0.85 per unit)
— (171)— — — — (171)
Distributions declared on partnership exchangeable units ($0.55 per unit)
— — — (77)— — (77)
Exchange of Partnership exchangeable units for RBI common shares— 136 (2,214,072)(136)— — — 
Capital contribution from RBI— 62 — — — — 62 
Restaurant VIE contributions (distributions)— — — — — (1)(1)
Net income— 189 — 87 — 1 277 
Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — — (47)— (47)
Balances at March 31, 2023202,006,067 $8,951 140,782,568 $(3,622)$(1,020)$2 $4,311 
Distributions declared on Class A common units ($0.85 per unit)
— (172)— — — — (172)
Distributions declared on partnership exchangeable units ($0.55 per unit)
— — — (77)— — (77)
Exchange of Partnership exchangeable units for RBI common shares— 2 (23,787)(2)— — — 
Capital contribution from RBI— 85 — — — — 85 
Restaurant VIE contributions (distributions)— — — — — (1)(1)
Net income— 241 — 109 — 1 351 
Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — — 181 — 181 
Balances at June 30, 2023202,006,067 $9,107 140,758,781 $(3,592)$(839)$2 $4,678 
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Table of Contents
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
(Unaudited)
 Six Months Ended June 30,
 20242023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$727 $628 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization108 95 
Non-cash loss on early extinguishment of debt22 — 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt issuance discount12 14 
(Income) loss from equity method investments(72)18 
(Gain) loss on remeasurement of foreign denominated transactions(29)7 
Net (gains) losses on derivatives(91)(72)
Share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense87 92 
Deferred income taxes10 (40)
Other5 (6)
Changes in current assets and liabilities, excluding acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts and notes receivable9 (29)
Inventories and prepaids and other current assets14 (45)
Accounts and drafts payable(70)(31)
Other accrued liabilities and gift card liability(210)(135)
Tenant inducements paid to franchisees(11)(9)
Other long-term assets and liabilities(29)— 
Net cash provided by operating activities482 487 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Payments for property and equipment(69)(48)
Net proceeds from disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings7 13 
Payment for purchase of Carrols Restaurant Group, net of cash acquired(508)— 
Net payments for acquisition of franchised restaurants(23)— 
Settlement/sale of derivatives, net35 28 
Other investing activities, net(1)(1)
Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities(559)(8)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from long-term debt1,950 2 
Repayments of long-term debt and finance leases(1,639)(68)
Payment of financing costs(32)— 
Distributions on Class A common units and Partnership exchangeable units(506)(492)
Capital contribution from RBI60 49 
Proceeds from derivatives57 63 
Other financing activities, net(2)(2)
Net cash used for financing activities(112)(448)
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents(8)4 
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(197)35 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period1,139 1,178 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$942 $1,213 
Supplemental cash flow disclosures:
Interest paid$390 $380 
Income taxes paid$186 $146 
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Table of Contents
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Note 1. Description of Business and Organization
Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership (“Partnership”, “we”, “us” or “our”) is a Canadian limited partnership. We franchise and operate quick service restaurants serving premium coffee and other beverage and food products under the Tim Hortons® brand (“Tim Hortons”), fast food hamburgers principally under the Burger King® brand (“Burger King”), chicken principally under the Popeyes® brand (“Popeyes”) and sandwiches under the Firehouse Subs® brand (“Firehouse”). We are one of the world’s largest quick service restaurant, or QSR, companies as measured by total number of restaurants. As of June 30, 2024, we franchised or owned 5,836 Tim Hortons restaurants, 19,446 Burger King restaurants, 4,735 Popeyes restaurants and 1,307 Firehouse Subs restaurants, for a total of 31,324 restaurants, and operate in more than 120 countries and territories. As of June 30, 2024, approximately 95% of current system-wide restaurants are franchised.
We are a subsidiary of Restaurant Brands International Inc. (“RBI”). RBI is our sole general partner, and as such, RBI has the exclusive right, power and authority to manage, control, administer and operate the business and affairs and to make decisions regarding the undertaking and business of Partnership in accordance with the partnership agreement of Partnership (“partnership agreement”) and applicable laws.
All references to “$” or “dollars” are to the currency of the United States unless otherwise indicated. All references to “Canadian dollars” or “C$” are to the currency of Canada unless otherwise indicated.
Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
We have prepared the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements (the “Financial Statements”) in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. Therefore, the Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 22, 2024.
The Financial Statements include our accounts and the accounts of entities in which we have a controlling financial interest, the usual condition of which is ownership of a majority voting interest. Investments in other affiliates that are owned 50% or less where we have significant influence are accounted for by the equity method. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation have been included in the Financial Statements. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP and related rules and regulations of the SEC requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, accounts and notes receivable and accounts and drafts payable approximate fair value based on the short-term nature of these accounts.

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Supplier Finance Programs
Our TH business includes individually negotiated contracts with suppliers, which include payment terms that range up to 120 days. A global financial institution offers a voluntary supply chain finance (“SCF”) program to certain TH vendors, which provides suppliers that elect to participate with the ability to elect early payment, which is discounted based on the payment terms and a rate based on RBI's credit rating, which may be beneficial to the vendor. Participation in the SCF program is at the sole discretion of the suppliers and financial institution and we are not a party to the arrangements between the suppliers and the financial institution. Our obligations to suppliers are not affected by the suppliers’ decisions to participate in the SCF program and our payment terms remain the same based on the original supplier invoicing terms and conditions. No guarantees are provided by us or any of our subsidiaries in connection with the SCF Program.
Our confirmed outstanding obligations under the SCF program at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 totaled $29 million and $36 million, respectively, and are classified as Accounts and drafts payable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. All activity related to the obligations is classified as Supply chain cost of sales in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and presented within cash flows from operating activities in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
Note 3. New Accounting Pronouncements
Segment Reporting – In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance that expands segment disclosures for public entities, including requiring disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses reported measures of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and allocating resources. The new guidance also expands disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets in interim periods and clarifies that a public entity may report additional measures of segment profit if the CODM uses more than one measure of a segment’s profit or loss. The new guidance does not remove existing segment disclosure requirements or change how a public entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments, or determines its reportable segments. The guidance is effective for annual disclosures for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and subsequent interim periods with early adoption permitted, and requires retrospective application to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance will have on our disclosures upon adoption.
Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures – In December 2023, the FASB issued guidance that expands income tax disclosures for public entities, including requiring enhanced disclosures related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The guidance is effective for annual disclosures for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The guidance should be applied on a prospective basis, with retrospective application to all prior periods presented in the financial statements permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance will have on our disclosures upon adoption and expect to provide additional detail and disclosures under this new guidance.


Note 4. Carrols Acquisition
Prior to May 16, 2024, we owned a 15% equity interest in Carrols Restaurant Group, Inc. (“Carrols”), which was accounted for as an equity method investment. On May 16, 2024, we acquired the remaining 85% of Carrols issued and outstanding shares that were not already held by us or our affiliates for $9.55 per share in an all cash transaction (the “Carrols Acquisition”) in order to accelerate the reimaging of more than 600 Carrols restaurants before refranchising the majority of the acquired portfolio to new or existing smaller franchise operations. The Carrols Acquisition was accounted for as a business combination by applying the acquisition method of accounting and Carrols became our wholly owned consolidated subsidiary.
The acquisition of the 85% equity interest of Carrols was accounted for as a step acquisition, which required remeasurement of our existing 15% ownership interest in Carrols to fair value. We utilized the $9.55 per share acquisition price to determine the fair value of the existing equity interest. This resulted in an increase in the value of our existing 15% equity interest and the recognition of a gain of $79 million (the “Step Acquisition Gain”), which is included in (Income) loss from equity method investments in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.
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Total cash paid in connection with the Carrols Acquisition was $543 million. Additionally, in connection with the Carrols Acquisition, we assumed approximately $431 million of outstanding debt, all of which was fully extinguished as of June 30, 2024. The cash purchase price and extinguishment of debt assumed in the Carrols Acquisition was funded with a combination of cash on hand and $750 million of incremental borrowings under our senior secured term loan facility.
The following table summarizes the purchase price consideration in connection with the Carrols Acquisition (in millions):
Total cash paid$543 
Effective settlement of pre-existing balance sheet accounts (a)15 
Fair value of existing 15% equity interest
90 
Total consideration$648 
(a)Effective settlement of pre-existing balances with Carrols related to franchise and lease agreements prior to the date of acquisition.
Fees and expenses related to the Carrols Acquisition and related financings totaled approximately $11 million during the six months ended June 30, 2024, consisting of professional fees and compensation related expenses which are classified as general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations (the “Carrols Acquisition Costs”).
The preliminary allocation of consideration to the net tangible and intangible assets acquired is presented in the table below (in millions):
May 16, 2024
Total current assets$81 
Property and equipment293 
Reacquired franchise rights371 
Operating lease assets725 
Other assets14 
Accounts and drafts payable(12)
Other accrued liabilities(151)
Current portion of long-term debt and finance leases(434)
Finance leases, net of current portion(6)
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion(689)
Other liabilities(9)
Total identifiable net assets183 
Goodwill465 
Total consideration$648 
The purchase price allocation reflects preliminary fair value estimates based on management's analysis, including preliminary work performed by third-party valuation specialists. We will continue to obtain information to assist in determining the fair value of net assets acquired during the measurement period.
Reacquired franchise rights, which represent the fair value of reacquired franchise agreements determined using the excess earnings method, are amortized over the remaining term of the reacquired franchise agreement and have an estimated weighted average remaining term of 13 years.
Goodwill is considered to represent the value associated with the workforce and synergies anticipated to be realized as a combined company. Goodwill will be allocated to reporting units when the purchase price allocation is finalized during the measurement period.
Total revenues of Carrols from the acquisition date of May 16, 2024 through June 30, 2024, which have been included within Company restaurant sales in our condensed consolidated financial statements, totaled $230 million.
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Supplemental Pro Forma Information
The following table presents unaudited supplemental pro forma consolidated revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, as if the Carrols Acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2023 (in millions):
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Total revenues$2,291 $2,210 $4,435 $4,200 
The unaudited supplemental pro forma consolidated revenue gives effect to actual revenues prior to the Carrols Acquisition, adjusted to exclude the elimination of intercompany transactions. Other than the impact of the Step Acquisition Gain and Carrols Acquisition Costs (as discussed above), supplemental pro forma net earnings, assuming the Carrols Acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2023, would not be materially different from the results reported during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.
The unaudited pro forma information has been prepared for comparative purposes only, in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting, and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have occurred if the Carrols Acquisition had been completed on the date indicated, nor is it indicative of our future operating results.
Note 5. Leases
Property revenues consist primarily of lease income from operating leases and earned income on direct financing leases and sales-type leases with franchisees as follows (in millions):
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Lease income - operating leases
Minimum lease payments$92 $97 $186 $195 
Variable lease payments119 119 230 215 
Amortization of favorable and unfavorable income lease contracts, net1 1 1 1 
Subtotal - lease income from operating leases212 217 417 411 
Earned income on direct financing and sales-type leases1 3 2 5 
Total property revenues$213 $220 $419 $416 

Note 6. Revenue Recognition
Contract Liabilities
Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue resulting from initial and renewal franchise fees paid by franchisees, as well as upfront fees paid by master franchisees, which are generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the underlying agreement. We may recognize unamortized franchise fees and upfront fees when a contract with a franchisee or master franchisee is modified and is accounted for as a termination of the existing contract. We classify these contract liabilities as Other liabilities, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The following table reflects the change in contract liabilities on a consolidated basis between December 31, 2023 and June 30, 2024 (in millions):
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Contract Liabilities
Balance at December 31, 2023$555 
Recognized during period and included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the year(34)
Increase, excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period25 
Effective settlement of pre-existing contract liabilities in connection with Carrols Acquisition(21)
Impact of foreign currency translation(6)
Balance at June 30, 2024$519 
The following table illustrates estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) on a consolidated basis as of June 30, 2024 (in millions):
Contract liabilities expected to be recognized in
Remainder of 2024$27 
202553 
202649 
202746 
202843 
Thereafter301 
Total$519 
Disaggregation of Total Revenues
As described in Note 17, Segment Reporting, during the fourth quarter of 2023, we revised our internal reporting structure, which resulted in a change to our operating and reportable segments. Additionally, following the Carrols Acquisition and PLK China Acquisition (as defined below), we are reporting the operations of Burger King restaurants acquired as part of the Carrols Acquisition and commencing in the third quarter of 2024 the operations of PLK China restaurants into a new operating and reportable segment called Restaurant Holdings (“RH”).
The following tables disaggregate revenue by segment (in millions):
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
THBKPLKFHSINTLRHELIM (a)Total
Supply chain sales$682 $— $— $— $— $— $— $682 
Company restaurant sales11 63 33 10 — 230 — 347 
Royalties86 122 76 19 200 — (10)493 
Property revenues160 52 4 — 1 — (4)213 
Franchise fees and other revenue13 3 5 8 12 — — 41 
Advertising revenues and other services78 124 76 16 20 — (10)304 
Total revenues$1,030 $364 $194 $53 $233 $230 $(24)$2,080 
(a)Represents elimination of intersegment revenues that consists of royalties, property and advertising and other services revenue recognized by BK from intersegment transactions with RH.

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
THBKPLKFHSINTLRHELIM (a)Total
Supply chain sales$1,309 $— $— $— $— $— $— $1,309 
Company restaurant sales22 121 56 20 — 230 — 449 
Royalties163 238 151 36 388 — (10)966 
Property revenues307 108 7 — 1 — (4)419 
Franchise fees and other revenue20 6 7 16 25 — — 74 
Advertising revenues and other services148 241 151 31 41 — (10)602 
Total revenues$1,969 $714 $372 $103 $455 $230 $(24)$3,819 

Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
THBKPLKFHSINTLTotal
Supply chain sales$676 $— $— $— $— $676 
Company restaurant sales12 24 22 10 — 68 
Royalties83 125 73 18 192 491 
Property revenues158 58 4 — — 220 
Franchise fees and other revenue6 3 5 6 11 31 
Advertising revenues and other services73 117 69 14 16 289 
Total revenues$1,008 $327 $173 $48 $219 $1,775 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
THBKPLKFHSINTLTotal
Supply chain sales$1,283 $— $— $— $— $1,283 
Company restaurant sales23 43 43 20 — 129 
Royalties154 238 141 35 365 933 
Property revenues295 113 7 — 1 416 
Franchise fees and other revenue11 7 7 12 24 61 
Advertising revenues and other services135 223 135 18 32 543 
Total revenues$1,901 $624 $333 $85 $422 $3,365 
Note 7. Earnings per Unit
Partnership uses the two-class method in the computation of earnings per unit. Pursuant to the terms of the partnership agreement, RBI, as the holder of the Class A common units, is entitled to receive distributions from Partnership in an amount equal to the aggregate dividends payable by RBI to holders of RBI common shares, and the holders of Class B exchangeable limited partnership units (the “Partnership exchangeable units”) are entitled to receive distributions from Partnership in an amount per unit equal to the dividends payable by RBI on each RBI common share. Partnership’s net income available to common unitholders is allocated between the Class A common units and Partnership exchangeable units on a fully-distributed basis and reflects residual net income after noncontrolling interests. Basic and diluted earnings per Class A common unit is determined by dividing net income allocated to Class A common unit holders by the weighted average number of Class A common units outstanding for the period. Basic and diluted earnings per Partnership exchangeable unit is determined by dividing net income allocated to the Partnership exchangeable units by the weighted average number of Partnership exchangeable units outstanding during the period.
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There are no dilutive securities for Partnership as RBI equity awards will not affect the number of Class A common units or Partnership exchangeable units outstanding. However, the issuance of RBI shares by RBI in future periods will affect the allocation of net income attributable to common unitholders between Partnership’s Class A common units and Partnership exchangeable units.
The following table summarizes the basic and diluted earnings per unit calculations (in millions, except per unit amounts):

Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Allocation of net income among partner interests:
Net income allocated to Class A common unitholders$280 $241 $510 $430 
Net income allocated to Partnership exchangeable unitholders119 109 216 196 
Net income attributable to common unitholders$399 $350 $726 $626 
Denominator - basic and diluted partnership units:
Weighted average Class A common units202 202 202 202 
Weighted average Partnership exchangeable units134 141 134 142 
Earnings per unit - basic and diluted:
Class A common units (a)$1.39 $1.19 $2.52 $2.13 
Partnership exchangeable units (a)$0.89 $0.77 $1.61 $1.39 
(a) Earnings per unit may not recalculate exactly as it is calculated based on unrounded numbers.
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Note 8. Intangible Assets, net and Goodwill
Intangible assets, net and goodwill consist of the following (in millions):

As of
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
GrossAccumulated AmortizationNetGrossAccumulated AmortizationNet
Identifiable assets subject to amortization:
   Franchise agreements$718 $(359)$359 $727 $(348)$379 
   Reacquired franchise rights386 (4)382 — — — 
   Favorable leases80 (55)25 81 (54)27 
      Subtotal1,184 (418)766 808 (402)406 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
   Tim Hortons brand
$6,241 $— $6,241 $6,423 $— $6,423 
   Burger King brand
2,088 — 2,088 2,107 — 2,107 
   Popeyes brand
1,355 — 1,355 1,355 — 1,355 
   Firehouse Subs brand
816 — 816 816 — 816 
      Subtotal10,500 — 10,500 10,701 — 10,701 
Intangible assets, net$11,266 $11,107 
Goodwill:
TH segment$4,006 $4,118 
BK segment239 232 
PLK segment844 844 
FHS segment193 193 
INTL segment393 388 
RH segment465 — 
      Total$6,140 $5,775 
Amortization expense on intangible assets totaled $13 million and $10 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense on intangible assets totaled $22 million and $19 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The changes in reacquired franchise rights and goodwill balances during the six months ended June 30, 2024 was primarily due to the Carrols Acquisition. Refer to Note 4, Carrols Acquisition, for a description of goodwill and intangible assets recognized in connection with the Carrols Acquisition. Additionally, the changes in intangible assets and goodwill balances also reflect the impact of foreign currency translation during the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Note 9. Equity Method Investments
As discussed in Note 4, Carrols Acquisition, prior to May 16, 2024, we owned a 15% equity interest in Carrols, which was accounted for as an equity method investment. In connection with the Carrols Acquisition, we acquired the remaining 85% equity interest in Carrols, resulting in the Step Acquisition Gain. As a result of the Carrols Acquisition, Carrols became a wholly owned consolidated subsidiary beginning on May 16, 2024.
The aggregate carrying amounts of our equity method investments were $132 million and $163 million as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and are included as a component of Other assets, net in our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
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Except for the following equity method investments, no quoted market prices are available for our other equity method investments. The aggregate market value of our 9.4% equity interest in BK Brasil Operação e Assessoria a Restaurantes S.A. based on the quoted market price on June 30, 2024 was approximately $17 million. The aggregate market value of our 4.2% equity interest in TH International Limited (“Tims China”) based on the quoted market price on June 30, 2024 was approximately $5 million.
We have equity interests in entities that own or franchise Tim Hortons, Burger King and Popeyes restaurants. Revenues recognized from franchisees that are owned or franchised by entities in which we have an equity interest, including Carrols through May 15, 2024, consist of the following (in millions):

Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Revenues from affiliates:
Royalties$95 $103 $196 $195 
Advertising revenues and other services11 20 31 38 
Property revenues5 9 13 18 
Franchise fees and other revenue5 4 11 9 
Sales5 6 9 10 
Total$121 $142 $260 $270 
At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $61 million of accounts receivable, net from our equity method investments which were recorded in Accounts and notes receivable, net in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
With respect to our TH business, the most significant equity method investment is our 50% joint venture interest with The Wendy’s Company (the “TIMWEN Partnership”), which jointly holds real estate underlying Canadian combination restaurants. Distributions received from this joint venture were $4 million and $3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Distributions received from this joint venture were $7 million and $6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Associated with the TIMWEN Partnership, we recognized $5 million and $6 million of rent expense during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and we recognized $10 million of rent expense during each of the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.
(Income) loss from equity method investments reflects our share of investee net income or loss as well as gains or losses from changes in our ownership interests in equity investees.
During June 2024, we acquired the Popeyes China (“PLK China”) business from Tims China (“the PLK China Acquisition”). In addition, Tims China issued us a $20 million three-year convertible note due June 28, 2027. As a result, a total of $30 million from these two transactions is included within other accrued liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2024.

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Note 10. Other Accrued Liabilities and Other Liabilities, net
Other accrued liabilities (current) and Other liabilities, net (noncurrent) consist of the following (in millions):
As of
June 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
Current:
Distribution payable$261 $245 
Interest payable69 67 
Accrued compensation and benefits129 147 
Taxes payable158 129 
Deferred income74 77 
Accrued advertising expenses51 58 
Restructuring and other provisions13 18 
Current portion of operating lease liabilities187 147 
Other157 117 
Other accrued liabilities$1,099 $1,005 
Noncurrent:
Taxes payable$58 $57 
Contract liabilities519 555 
Derivatives liabilities87 227 
Unfavorable leases37 42 
Accrued pension34 34 
Deferred income60 57 
Other28 24 
Other liabilities, net$823 $996 
Note 11. Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following (in millions):
As of
June 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
Term Loan B$4,750 $5,175 
Term Loan A1,275 1,275 
5.75% First Lien Senior Notes due 2025
500 500 
3.875% First Lien Senior Notes due 2028
1,550 1,550 
3.50% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029
750 750 
6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029
1,200 — 
4.375% Second Lien Senior Notes due 2028
750 750 
4.00% Second Lien Senior Notes due 2030
2,900 2,900 
TH Facility and other123 143 
Less: unamortized deferred financing costs and deferred issue discount(126)(122)
Total debt, net13,672 12,921 
    Less: current maturities of debt(580)(67)
Total long-term debt$13,092 $12,854 

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Credit Facilities
On May 16, 2024, two of our subsidiaries (the “Borrowers”) entered into a sixth incremental facility amendment and a ninth amendment (the “First 2024 Amendment”) to the credit agreement governing our senior secured term loan A facility (the “Term Loan A”), our senior secured term loan B facility (the “Term Loan B” and together with the Term Loan A the “Term Loan Facilities”) and our $1,250 million senior secured revolving credit facility (including revolving loans, swingline loans and letters of credit) (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and together with the Term Loan Facilities, the “Credit Facilities”). The First 2024 Amendment increased the existing Term Loan B by $750 million to $5,912 million on the same terms as the existing Term Loan B. The First 2024 Amendment also amended the interest rate applicable to the Canadian dollar loans under the credit agreement to be based on Term Canadian Overnight Repo Rate Average (“CORRA”). The security and guarantees under the amended Credit Agreement are the same as those under the existing facilities. The First 2024 Amendment made no other material changes to the terms of the Credit Agreement. The proceeds from the increase in the Term Loan B were used, along with cash on hand, to complete the Carrols Acquisition, the repayment of amounts outstanding under the Carrols' credit agreement and the redemption and discharge of Carrols' outstanding senior notes.
On June 17, 2024, the Borrowers entered into a tenth amendment to the credit agreement governing our Credit Facilities (the “Second 2024 Amendment”). The Second 2024 Amendment repriced our Term Loan B from an interest rate equal to the Adjusted Term SOFR plus 2.25% to an interest rate equal to the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate plus 1.75% and reduced the outstanding principal amount of the Term Loan B facility from $5,912 million to $4,750 million using a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029 (defined below). There were no changes to the maturity of the Term Loan B following this repricing and all other terms are substantially unchanged. In connection with the First 2024 Amendment and the Second 2024 Amendment, we capitalized approximately $24 million in debt issuance costs and recorded a $32 million loss on early extinguishment of debt that primarily reflects expensing of fees and the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs.
Revolving Credit Facility
As of June 30, 2024, we had no amounts outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility, had $3 million of letters of credit issued against the Revolving Credit Facility, and our borrowing availability under our Revolving Credit Facility was $1,247 million. Funds available under the Revolving Credit Facility may be used to repay other debt, finance debt or equity repurchases, fund acquisitions or capital expenditures and for other general corporate purposes. We have a $125 million letter of credit sublimit as part of the Revolving Credit Facility, which reduces our borrowing availability thereunder by the cumulative amount of outstanding letters of credit.
6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029
On June 17, 2024, the Borrowers entered into an indenture (the “6.125% First Lien Senior Notes Indenture”) in connection with the issuance of $1,200 million of 6.125% first lien senior notes due June 15, 2029 (the “6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029”). No principal payments are due until maturity and interest is paid semi-annually. The net proceeds from the offering of the 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029 were used to refinance a portion of the Term Loan B, pay related fees and expenses and for general corporate purposes. In connection with the issuance of the 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029, we capitalized approximately $13 million in debt issuance costs.
Obligations under the 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029 are guaranteed on a senior secured basis, jointly and severally, by Partnership and substantially all of its Canadian and U.S. subsidiaries, including The TDL Group Corp., Burger King Company LLC, Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen, Inc., FRG, LLC and substantially all of their respective Canadian and U.S. subsidiaries (the “Note Guarantors”). The 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029 are first lien senior secured obligations and rank equal in right of payment with all of the existing and future first lien senior debt of the Borrowers and Note Guarantors, including borrowings and guarantees under our Credit Facilities.
Our 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029 may be redeemed in whole or in part, on or after June 15, 2026 at the redemption prices set forth in the 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, at the date of redemption. The 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes Indenture also contains optional redemption provisions related to tender offers, change of control and equity offerings, among others.
TH Facility
One of our subsidiaries entered into a non-revolving delayed drawdown term credit facility in a total aggregate principal amount of C$225 million with a maturity date of October 4, 2025 (the “TH Facility”). Prior to June 30, 2024, the interest rate applicable to the TH Facility was the Canadian Bankers’ Acceptance rate plus an applicable margin equal to 1.40% or the Prime Rate plus an applicable margin equal to 0.40%, at our option. Beginning July 1, 2024, the interest rate applicable to the TH
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Facility is the Adjusted Term CORRA rate plus an applicable margin equal to 1.40% or the Prime Rate plus an applicable margin equal to 0.40%, at our option. Obligations under the TH Facility are guaranteed by three of our subsidiaries, and amounts borrowed under the TH Facility are secured by certain parcels of real estate. As of June 30, 2024, we had approximately C$166 million outstanding under the TH Facility with a weighted average interest rate of 6.39%.
Restrictions and Covenants
As of June 30, 2024, we were in compliance with all applicable financial debt covenants under our senior secured term loan facilities and Revolving Credit Facility (together the "Credit Facilities"), the TH Facility, and the indentures governing our Senior Notes.
Fair Value Measurement
The following table presents the fair value of our variable rate term debt and senior notes, estimated using inputs based on bid and offer prices that are Level 2 inputs, and principal carrying amount (in millions):
As of
June 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
Fair value of our variable term debt and senior notes$13,084 $12,401 
Principal carrying amount of our variable term debt and senior notes13,675 12,900 
Interest Expense, net
Interest expense, net consists of the following (in millions):
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Debt (a)$145 $142 $293 $280 
Finance lease obligations5 5 10 9 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt issuance discount6 7 12 14 
Interest income(9)(9)(20)(16)
    Interest expense, net$147 $145 $295 $287 
(a)Amount includes $12 million and $16 million benefit during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $23 million and $31 million benefit during the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, related to the quarterly net settlements of our cross-currency rate swaps and amortization of the Excluded Component as defined in Note 14, Derivative Instruments.
Note 12. Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate was 17.6% and 17.4% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. The effective tax rate during these periods was primarily the result of the mix of income from multiple tax jurisdictions, the impact of internal financing arrangements, the impact of the Carrols Acquisition, and equity-based compensation.
Our effective tax rate was 14.3% and 12.1% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. The effective tax rate during these periods reflects the mix of income from multiple tax jurisdictions, the impact of internal financing arrangements, a favorable structural change that benefited 2023, and equity-based compensation.
On June 20, 2024, Canada enacted significant tax legislation including the introduction of the excessive interest and financing expenses limitation (“EIFEL”) as well as a 2% tax on certain share buy backs. The EIFEL rules are applicable for the current fiscal year, while the tax on share buy backs applies to certain share repurchases on or after January 1, 2024. As a result, we expect to have restricted interest and financing expenses, which can be carried forward indefinitely.
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Note 13. Equity
During the six months ended June 30, 2024, Partnership exchanged 16,620 Partnership exchangeable units pursuant to exchange notices received. In accordance with the terms of the partnership agreement, Partnership satisfied the exchange notices by exchanging these Partnership exchangeable units for the same number of newly issued RBI common shares. In connection with an amendment to the partnership agreement, Partnership exchangeable units exchanged for RBI common shares subsequent to December 31, 2023 also result in the issuance of additional Class A common units to RBI in an amount equal to the number of RBI common shares exchanged. The issuances of shares were accounted for as capital contributions by RBI to Partnership. The exchanges of Partnership exchangeable units were recorded as increases to the Class A common units balance within partners’ capital in our consolidated balance sheet in an amount equal to the market value of the newly issued RBI common shares and a reduction to the Partnership exchangeable units balance within partners’ capital of our consolidated balance sheet in an amount equal to the cash paid by Partnership, if any, and the market value of the newly issued RBI common shares. Pursuant to the terms of the partnership agreement, upon the exchange of Partnership exchangeable units, each such Partnership exchangeable unit is automatically deemed cancelled concurrently with the exchange.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The following table displays the changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) (in millions):
DerivativesPensionsForeign Currency TranslationAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at December 31, 2023$675 $(17)$(1,643)$(985)
Foreign currency translation adjustment— — (347)(347)
Net change in fair value of derivatives, net of tax256 — — 256 
Amounts reclassified to earnings of cash flow hedges, net of tax(49)— — (49)
Balance at June 30, 2024$882 $(17)$(1,990)$(1,125)


Note 14. Derivative Instruments
Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
We enter into derivative instruments for risk management purposes, including derivatives designated as cash flow hedges and derivatives designated as net investment hedges. We use derivatives to manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and currency exchange rates.
Interest Rate Swaps
At June 30, 2024, we had outstanding receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps with a total notional value of $3,500 million to hedge the variability in the interest payments on a portion of our Term Loan Facilities, including any subsequent refinancing or replacement of the Term Loan Facilities, beginning August 31, 2021 through the termination date of October 31, 2028. Additionally, at June 30, 2024, we also had outstanding receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps with a total notional value of $500 million to hedge the variability in the interest payments on a portion of our Term Loan Facilities effective September 30, 2019 through the termination date of September 30, 2026. Following the discontinuance of the U.S. dollar LIBOR after June 30, 2023, the interest rate on all these interest rate swaps transitioned from LIBOR to SOFR, with no impact to hedge effectiveness and no change in accounting treatment as a result of applicable accounting relief guidance for the transition away from LIBOR. At inception, all of these interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges for hedge accounting. The unrealized changes in market value are recorded in AOCI, net of tax, and reclassified into interest expense during the period in which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.
In connection with the Carrols Acquisition, we assumed a receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swap utilizing SOFR as the benchmark interest rate with a total notional value of $120 million to hedge the variability in the interest payments on a portion of our Term Loan Facilities, including any subsequent refinancing or replacement of the Term Loan Facilities, through the termination date of February 28, 2025. This interest rate swap is designated as a cash flow hedge for hedge accounting and the unrealized changes in market value are recorded in AOCI, net of tax, and reclassified into interest expense during the period in which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.
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At June 30, 2024, the net amount of pre-tax gains that we expect to be reclassified from AOCI into interest expense within the next 12 months is $130 million.
Cross-Currency Rate Swaps
To protect the value of our investments in our foreign operations against adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates, we hedge a portion of our net investment in one or more of our foreign subsidiaries by using cross-currency rate swaps. At June 30, 2024, we had outstanding cross-currency rate swap contracts between the Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar and the euro and U.S. dollar that have been designated as net investment hedges of a portion of our equity in foreign operations in those currencies. The component of the gains and losses on our net investment in these designated foreign operations driven by changes in foreign exchange rates are economically partly offset by movements in the fair value of our cross-currency swap contracts. The fair value of the swaps is calculated each period with changes in fair value reported in AOCI, net of tax. Such amounts will remain in AOCI until the complete or substantially complete liquidation of our investment in the underlying foreign operations.
At June 30, 2024, we had outstanding cross-currency rate swaps that we entered into during 2022 to partially hedge the net investment in our Canadian subsidiaries. At inception, these cross-currency rate swaps were designated as a hedge and are accounted for as net investment hedges. These swaps are contracts in which we receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar notional amount of $5,000 million through the maturity date of September 30, 2028.
At June 30, 2024, we had outstanding cross-currency rate swap contracts between the euro and U.S. dollar in which we receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar aggregate amount of $2,750 million, of which $1,400 million have a maturity date of October 31, 2026, $1,200 million have a maturity date of November 30, 2028, and $150 million have a maturity date of October 31, 2028. At inception, these cross-currency rate swaps were designated and continue to be hedges and are accounted for as a net investment hedge. During 2023, we settled our previously existing cross-currency rate swaps in which we paid quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the euro notional value of €1,108 million and receive quarterly fixed-rate interest payments on the U.S. dollar notional value of $1,200 million and an original maturity date of February 17, 2024. During 2023, we also settled our previously existing cross-currency rate swap contracts between the euro and U.S. dollar with a notional value of $900 million and an original maturity date of February 17, 2024.
In connection with the cross-currency rate swaps hedging Canadian dollar and euro net investments, we utilize the spot method to exclude the interest component (the “Excluded Component”) from the accounting hedge without affecting net investment hedge accounting and amortize the Excluded Component over the life of the derivative instrument. The amortization of the Excluded Component is recognized in Interest expense, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The change in fair value that is not related to the Excluded Component is recorded in AOCI and will be reclassified to earnings when the foreign subsidiaries are sold or substantially liquidated.
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts
We use foreign exchange derivative instruments to manage the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations on U.S. dollar purchases and payments, such as coffee purchases made by our Canadian Tim Hortons operations. At June 30, 2024, we had outstanding forward currency contracts to manage this risk in which we sell Canadian dollars and buy U.S. dollars with a notional value of $163 million with maturities to July 15, 2025. We have designated these instruments as cash flow hedges, and as such, the unrealized changes in market value of effective hedges are recorded in AOCI and are reclassified into earnings during the period in which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.
Credit Risk
By entering into derivative contracts, we are exposed to counterparty credit risk. Counterparty credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. When the fair value of a derivative contract is in an asset position, the counterparty has a liability to us, which creates credit risk for us. We attempt to minimize this risk by selecting counterparties with investment grade credit ratings and regularly monitoring our market position with each counterparty.
Credit-Risk Related Contingent Features
Our derivative instruments do not contain any credit-risk related contingent features.
Quantitative Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Fair Value Measurements
The following tables present the required quantitative disclosures for our derivative instruments, including their estimated fair values (all estimated using Level 2 inputs) and their location on our condensed consolidated balance sheets (in millions):
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Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(1)
Interest rate swaps$35 $120 $127 $63 
Forward-currency contracts$2 $(3)$5 $(4)
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges
Cross-currency rate swaps$23 $(88)$154 $(123)
(1) We did not exclude any components from the cash flow hedge relationships presented in this table.
Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into EarningsGain or (Loss) Reclassified from
AOCI into Earnings
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Interest rate swapsInterest expense, net$36 $20 $66 $35 
Forward-currency contractsSupply chain cost of sales$1 $3 $1 $6 
Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in EarningsGain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings
(Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing)
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges
Cross-currency rate swapsInterest expense, net$12 $16 $23 $31 
Fair Value as of
June 30,
2024		December 31, 2023Balance Sheet Location
Assets:
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Interest rate$250 $190 Other assets, net
Interest rate3 — Prepaids and other current assets
Foreign currency2 — Prepaids and other current assets
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges
Foreign currency21 7 Other assets, net
Total assets at fair value$276 $197 
Liabilities:
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Foreign currency$— $2 Other accrued liabilities
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges
Foreign currency87 227 Other liabilities, net
Total liabilities at fair value$87 $229 

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Note 15. Other Operating Expenses (Income), net
Other operating expenses (income), net consists of the following (in millions):
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Net losses (gains) on disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings$8 $(9)$10 $(11)
Litigation settlements (gains) and reserves, net1 (3)1 (2)
Net losses (gains) on foreign exchange(6)(1)(29)7 
Other, net4 6 7 16 
     Other operating expenses (income), net$7 $(7)$(11)$10 
Net losses (gains) on disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings represent sales of properties and other costs related to restaurant closures and refranchisings. Gains and losses recognized in the current period may reflect certain costs related to closures and refranchisings that occurred in previous periods.
Net losses (gains) on foreign exchange is primarily related to revaluation of foreign denominated assets and liabilities, primarily those denominated in euros and Canadian dollars.
Other, net for 2023 is primarily related to payments in connection with FHS area representative buyouts.
Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
From time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business relating to matters including, but not limited to, disputes with franchisees, suppliers, employees and customers, as well as disputes over our intellectual property.
On October 5, 2018, a class action complaint was filed against Burger King Worldwide, Inc. (“BKW”) and Burger King Company, successor in interest, (“BKC”) in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida by Jarvis Arrington, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated. On October 18, 2018, a second class action complaint was filed against RBI, BKW and BKC in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida by Monique Michel, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated. On October 31, 2018, a third class action complaint was filed against BKC and BKW in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida by Geneva Blanchard and Tiffany Miller, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated. On November 2, 2018, a fourth class action complaint was filed against RBI, BKW and BKC in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida by Sandra Munster, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated. These complaints have been consolidated and allege that the defendants violated Section 1 of the Sherman Act by incorporating an employee no-solicitation and no-hiring clause in the standard form franchise agreement all Burger King franchisees are required to sign. Each plaintiff seeks injunctive relief and damages for himself or herself and other members of the class. On March 24, 2020, the Court granted BKC’s motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim and on April 20, 2020 the plaintiffs filed a motion for leave to amend their complaint. On April 27, 2020, BKC filed a motion opposing the motion for leave to amend. The court denied the plaintiffs motion for leave to amend their complaint in August 2020 and the plaintiffs appealed this ruling. In August 2022, the federal appellate court reversed the lower court's decision to dismiss the case and remanded the case to the lower court for further proceedings. While we intend to vigorously defend these claims, we are unable to predict the ultimate outcome of this case or estimate the range of possible loss, if any.
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On April 23, 2024, a purported shareholder of Carrols Restaurant Group, Inc. (“CRG”), filed a complaint against CRG, its directors, RBI and BK Cheshire Corp. (our wholly-owned merger subsidiary) in the Supreme Court of the State of New York County of Westchester. The complaint alleged various breaches under Delaware law of fiduciary duties by the CRG directors and disclosure obligations by CRG with respect to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 16, 2024 among RBI, BK Cheshire Corp. and CRG (the “Merger Agreement”). In addition, the complaint alleged that RBI aided and abetted these breaches through its actions in negotiating the transaction and assistance in the dissemination of proxy statement related to the stockholder approval of the Merger Agreement. The complaint sought, among other things, to enjoin the stockholder vote to approve the Merger Agreement and/or the consummation of the sale pending resolution of the complaint as well as compensatory and/or rescissory damages and fees and expenses. The parties have settled this case and we paid an amount which was not material.
Note 17. Segment Reporting
As stated in Note 1, Description of Business and Organization, we manage four brands: Tim Hortons, Burger King, Popeyes and Firehouse Subs. During the second quarter of 2024, we completed the Carrols Acquisition and PLK China Acquisition. As a result, our consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 include Carrols revenues and expenses from the acquisition date of May 16, 2024 through June 30, 2024. Due to the timing of the acquisition, PLK China results will be included in our consolidated statements of operations commencing in the third quarter of 2024.
During the fourth quarter of 2023, we revised our internal reporting structure, which resulted in a change to our operating and reportable segments. Additionally, following the Carrols Acquisition and the PLK China Acquisition, we established a new operating and reportable segment to reflect the manner in which our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) manages and assesses performance of our segments. As a result, beginning in the second quarter of 2024, we are reporting results under six operating and reportable segments consisting of the following:
1.Tim Hortons – operations of our Tim Hortons brand in Canada and the U.S. (“TH”);
2.Burger King – operations of our Burger King brand in the U.S. and Canada, excluding Company restaurant results of Burger King restaurants acquired as part of the Carrols Acquisition, included in our RH segment (defined below) (“BK”);
3.Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen – operations of our Popeyes brand in the U.S. and Canada (“PLK”);
4.Firehouse Subs – operations of our Firehouse Subs brand in the U.S. and Canada (“FHS”);
5.International – operations of each of our brands outside the U.S. and Canada, excluding Company restaurant results of PLK China restaurants commencing in the third quarter of 2024, included in our RH segment (“INTL”); and
6.Restaurant Holdings – operations of Burger King restaurants acquired as part of the Carrols Acquisition and commencing in the third quarter of 2024, the operations of PLK China restaurants (“RH”).
Prior year amounts presented have been reclassified to conform to this new segment presentation with no effect on previously reported consolidated results.
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The following tables present revenues, by segment and by country (in millions):
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Revenues by operating segment:
     TH$1,030 $1,008 $1,969 $1,901 
     BK364 327 714 624 
     PLK194 173 372 333 
     FHS53 48 103 85 
     INTL233 219 455 422 
RH230 — 230 — 
Elimination of intersegment revenues (a)(24)— (24)— 
Total revenues$2,080 $1,775 $3,819 $3,365 
(a)Consists of BK royalties, property revenues, advertising contribution revenues and tech fees from intersegment transactions with RH.
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Revenues by country (b):
     Canada$945 $925 $1,801 $1,739 
     United States902 631 1,563 1,204 
     Other233 219 455 422 
Total revenues$2,080 $1,775 $3,819 $3,365 
(b)Only Canada and the United States represented 10% or more of our total revenues in each period presented.
Our measure of segment income is Adjusted Operating Income which represents income from operations adjusted to exclude (i) franchise agreement and reacquired franchise right intangible asset amortization as a result of acquisition accounting, (ii) (income) loss from equity method investments, net of cash distributions received from equity method investments, (iii) other operating expenses (income), net and, (iv) income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities. For the periods referenced, income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities included (i) non-recurring fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Carrols Acquisition, and commencing in the third quarter of 2024 the PLK China Acquisition, consisting primarily of professional fees, compensation related expenses and integration costs (“RH Transaction costs”); (ii) non-recurring fees and expense incurred in connection with the acquisition of Firehouse consisting primarily of professional fees, compensation-related expenses and integration costs (“FHS Transaction costs”); and (iii) non-operating costs from professional advisory and consulting services associated with certain transformational corporate restructuring initiatives that rationalize our structure and optimize cash movements as well as services related to significant tax reform legislation and regulations (“Corporate restructuring and advisory fees”).
Adjusted Operating Income is used by management to measure operating performance of the business, excluding these non-cash and other specifically identified items that management believes are not relevant to management’s assessment of our operating performance. A reconciliation of segment income to net income consists of the following (in millions):

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Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Segment income:
     TH$269 $246 $493 $458 
     BK114 110 220 206 
     PLK62 56 120 107 
     FHS13 11 23 20 
INTL160 154 302 291 
RH14 — 14 — 
          Adjusted Operating Income632 577 1,172 1,082 
Franchise agreement and reacquired franchise rights amortization11 8 19 16 
RH Transaction costs9 — 13 — 
FHS Transaction costs— — — 19 
Corporate restructuring and advisory fees6 7 8 12 
Impact of equity method investments (a)(64)15 (64)24 
Other operating expenses (income), net7 (7)(11)10 
          Income from operations663 554 1,207 1,001 
Interest expense, net147 145 295 287 
Loss on early extinguishment of debt32 — 32 — 
Income tax expense85 58 153 86 
          Net income$399 $351 $727 $628 
(a)Represents (i) (income) loss from equity method investments and (ii) cash distributions received from our equity method investments. Cash distributions received from our equity method investments are included in segment income.


Note 18. Supplemental Financial Information
1011778 B.C. Unlimited Liability Company (the “Parent Issuer”) and New Red Finance Inc. (the “Co-Issuer” and together with the Parent Issuer, the “Issuers”) entered into an amended credit agreement, as amended from time to time, that provides for obligations under the Credit Facilities. The Issuers entered into the 5.750% First Lien Senior Notes Indenture with respect to the 5.750% First Lien Senior Notes due 2025. The Issuers entered into the 3.875% First Lien Senior Notes Indenture with respect to the 3.875% First Lien Senior Notes due 2028. The Issuers entered into the 3.500% First Lien Senior Notes Indenture with respect to the 3.500% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029. The Issuers entered into the 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes Indenture with respect to the 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029. The Issuers entered into the 4.375% Second Lien Senior Notes Indenture with respect to the 4.375% Second Lien Senior Notes due 2028. The Issuers entered into the 4.000% Second Lien Senior Notes Indenture with respect to the 4.000% Second Lien Senior Notes due 2030.
The agreement governing our Credit Facilities, the 5.750% First Lien Senior Notes Indenture, the 3.875% First Lien Senior Notes Indenture, the 3.500% First Lien Senior Notes Indenture, the 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes Indenture, the 4.375% Second Lien Senior Notes Indenture and the 4.000% Second Lien Senior Notes Indenture allow the financial reporting obligation of the Parent Issuer to be satisfied through the reporting of Partnership’s consolidated financial information, provided that the consolidated financial information of the Parent Issuer and its restricted subsidiaries is presented on a standalone basis.
The following represents the condensed consolidating financial information for the Parent Issuer and its restricted subsidiaries (“Consolidated Borrowers”) on a consolidated basis, together with eliminations, as of and for the periods indicated. The condensed consolidating financial information of Partnership is combined with the financial information of its wholly-owned subsidiaries that are also parent entities of the Parent Issuer and presented in a single column under the heading “RBILP”. The consolidating financial information may not necessarily be indicative of the financial position, results of operations or cash flows had the Issuers and Partnership operated as independent entities.

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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
As of June 30, 2024
 Consolidated BorrowersRBILPEliminationsConsolidated
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$942 $— $— $942 
Accounts and notes receivable, net737 — — 737 
Inventories, net160 — — 160 
Prepaids and other current assets191 — — 191 
Total current assets2,030 — — 2,030 
Property and equipment, net2,213 — — 2,213 
Operating lease assets, net1,874 — — 1,874 
Intangible assets, net11,266 — — 11,266 
Goodwill6,140 — — 6,140 
Intercompany receivable— 261 (261)— 
Investment in subsidiaries— 4,951 (4,951)— 
Other assets, net1,326 — — 1,326 
Total assets$24,849 $5,212 $(5,212)$24,849 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts and drafts payable$720 $— $— $720 
Other accrued liabilities838 261 — 1,099 
Gift card liability181 — — 181 
Current portion of long-term debt and finance leases617 — — 617 
Total current liabilities2,356 261 — 2,617 
Long-term debt, net of current portion13,092 — — 13,092 
Finance leases, net of current portion302 — — 302 
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion1,768 — — 1,768 
Other liabilities, net823 — — 823 
Payables to affiliates261 — (261)— 
Deferred income taxes, net1,296 — — 1,296 
Total liabilities19,898 261 (261)19,898 
Partners’ capital:
Class A common units— 9,921 — 9,921 
Partnership exchangeable units— (3,847)— (3,847)
Common shares2,404 — (2,404)— 
Retained earnings3,670 — (3,670)— 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(1,125)(1,125)1,125 (1,125)
Total Partners' capital/shareholders' equity4,949 4,949 (4,949)4,949 
Noncontrolling interests2 2 (2)2 
Total equity4,951 4,951 (4,951)4,951 
Total liabilities and equity$24,849 $5,212 $(5,212)$24,849 
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RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
As of December 31, 2023
 Consolidated BorrowersRBILPEliminationsConsolidated
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$1,139 $— $— $1,139 
Accounts and notes receivable, net749 — — 749 
Inventories, net166 — — 166 
Prepaids and other current assets119 — — 119 
Total current assets2,173 — — 2,173 
Property and equipment, net1,952 — — 1,952 
Operating lease assets. net1,122 — — 1,122 
Intangible assets, net11,107 — — 11,107 
Goodwill5,775 — — 5,775 
Intercompany receivable— 245 (245)— 
Investment in subsidiaries— 4,730 (4,730)— 
Other assets, net1,262 — — 1,262 
Total assets$23,391 $4,975 $(4,975)$23,391 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts and drafts payable$790 $— $— $790 
Other accrued liabilities760 245 — 1,005 
Gift card liability248 — — 248 
Current portion of long-term debt and finance leases101 — — 101 
Total current liabilities1,899 245 — 2,144 
Long-term debt, net of current portion12,854 — — 12,854 
Finance leases, net of current portion312 — — 312 
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion1,059 — — 1,059 
Other liabilities, net996 — — 996 
Payables to affiliates245 — (245)— 
Deferred income taxes, net1,296 — — 1,296 
Total liabilities18,661 245 (245)18,661 
Partners’ capital:
Class A common units— 9,620 — 9,620 
Partnership exchangeable units— (3,907)— (3,907)
Common shares2,246 — (2,246)— 
Retained earnings3,467 — (3,467)— 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(985)(985)985 (985)
Total Partners' capital/shareholders' equity4,728 4,728 (4,728)4,728 
Noncontrolling interests2 2 (2)2 
Total equity4,730 4,730 (4,730)4,730 
Total liabilities and equity$23,391 $4,975 $(4,975)$23,391 



30
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Consolidated BorrowersRBILPEliminationsConsolidated
Revenues:
Supply chain sales$682 $— $— $682 
Company restaurant sales347 — — 347 
Franchise and property revenues747 — — 747 
Advertising revenues and other services304 — — 304 
Total revenues2,080 — — 2,080 
Operating costs and expenses:
Supply chain cost of sales540 — — 540 
Company restaurant expenses286 — — 286 
Franchise and property expenses134 — — 134 
Advertising expenses and other services334 — — 334 
General and administrative expenses185 — — 185 
(Income) loss from equity method investments(69)— — (69)
Other operating expenses (income), net7 — — 7 
Total operating costs and expenses1,417 — — 1,417 
Income from operations663 — — 663 
Interest expense, net147 — — 147 
Loss on early extinguishment of debt32 — — 32 
Income before income taxes484 — — 484 
Income tax expense85 — — 85 
Net income399 — — 399 
Equity in earnings of consolidated subsidiaries— 399 (399)— 
Net income (loss)399 399 (399)399 
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests— — — — 
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders$399 $399 $(399)$399 
Comprehensive income (loss)$318 $318 $(318)$318 


31
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Consolidated BorrowersRBILPEliminationsConsolidated
Revenues:
Supply chain sales$1,309 $— $— $1,309 
Company restaurant sales449 — — 449 
Franchise and property revenues1,459 — — 1,459 
Advertising revenues and other services602 — — 602 
Total revenues3,819 — — 3,819 
Operating costs and expenses:
Supply chain cost of sales1,057 — — 1,057 
Company restaurant expenses375 — — 375 
Franchise and property expenses260 — — 260 
Advertising expenses and other services645 — — 645 
General and administrative expenses358 — — 358 
(Income) loss from equity method investments(72)— — (72)
Other operating expenses (income), net(11)— — (11)
Total operating costs and expenses2,612 — — 2,612 
Income from operations1,207 — — 1,207 
Interest expense, net295 — — 295 
Loss on early extinguishment of debt32 — — 32 
Income before income taxes880 — — 880 
Income tax expense153 — — 153 
Net income727 — — 727 
Equity in earnings of consolidated subsidiaries— 727 (727)— 
Net income (loss)727 727 (727)727 
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests1 1 (1)1 
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders$726 $726 $(726)$726 
Comprehensive income (loss)$587 $587 $(587)$587 
32
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Consolidated BorrowersRBILPEliminationsConsolidated
Revenues:
Supply chain sales$676 $— $— $676 
Company restaurant sales68 — — 68 
Franchise and property revenues742 — — 742 
Advertising revenues and other services289 — — 289 
Total revenues1,775 — — 1,775 
Operating costs and expenses:
Supply chain cost of sales551 — — 551 
Company restaurant expenses61 — — 61 
Franchise and property expenses130 — — 130 
Advertising expenses and other services312 — — 312 
General and administrative expenses163 — — 163 
(Income) loss from equity method investments11 — — 11 
Other operating expenses (income), net(7)— — (7)
Total operating costs and expenses1,221 — — 1,221 
Income from operations554 — — 554 
Interest expense, net145 — — 145 
Income before income taxes409 — — 409 
Income tax expense58 — — 58 
Net income351 — — 351 
Equity in earnings of consolidated subsidiaries— 351 (351)— 
Net income (loss)351 351 (351)351 
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests1 1 (1)1 
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders$350 $350 $(350)$350 
Comprehensive income (loss)$532 $532 $(532)$532 




33
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Consolidated BorrowersRBILPEliminationsConsolidated
Revenues:
Supply chain sales$1,283 $— $— $1,283 
Company restaurant sales129 — — 129 
Franchise and property revenues1,410 — — 1,410 
Advertising revenues and other services543 — — 543 
Total revenues3,365 — — 3,365 
Operating costs and expenses:
Supply chain cost of sales1,048 — — 1,048 
Company restaurant expenses114 — — 114 
Franchise and property expenses253 — — 253 
Advertising expenses and other services583 — — 583 
General and administrative expenses338 — — 338 
(Income) loss from equity method investments18 — — 18 
Other operating expenses (income), net10 — — 10 
Total operating costs and expenses2,364 — — 2,364 
Income from operations1,001 — — 1,001 
Interest expense, net287 — — 287 
Income before income taxes714 — — 714 
Income tax expense86 — — 86 
Net income628 — — 628 
Equity in earnings of consolidated subsidiaries— 628 (628)— 
Net income (loss)628 628 (628)628 
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests2 2 (2)2 
Net income (loss) attributable to common unitholders$626 $626 $(626)$626 
Comprehensive income (loss)$762 $762 $(762)$762 







34
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Six months ended June 30, 2024

Consolidated BorrowersRBILPEliminationsConsolidated
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$727 $727 $(727)$727 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in loss (earnings) of consolidated subsidiaries— (727)727 — 
Depreciation and amortization108 — — 108 
Non-cash loss on early extinguishment of debt22 — — 22 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt issuance discount12 — — 12 
(Income) loss from equity method investments(72)— — (72)
(Gain) loss on remeasurement of foreign denominated transactions(29)— — (29)
Net (gains) losses on derivatives(91)— — (91)
Share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense87 — — 87 
Deferred income taxes10 — — 10 
Other5 — — 5 
Changes in current assets and liabilities, excluding acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts and notes receivable9 — — 9 
Inventories and prepaids and other current assets14 — — 14 
Accounts and drafts payable(70)— — (70)
Other accrued liabilities and gift card liability(210)— — (210)
Tenant inducements paid to franchisees(11)— — (11)
Other long-term assets and liabilities(29)— — (29)
Net cash provided by operating activities482 — — 482 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Payments for property and equipment(69)— — (69)
Net proceeds from disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings7 — — 7 
Payment for purchase of Carrols Restaurant Group, net of cash acquired(508)— — (508)
Net payments for acquisition of franchised restaurants(23)— — (23)
Settlement/sale of derivatives, net35 — — 35 
Other investing activities, net(1)— — (1)
Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities(559)— — (559)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from long-term debt1,950 — — 1,950 
Repayments of long-term debt and finance leases(1,639)— — (1,639)
Payment of financing costs(32)— — (32)
Distributions on Class A common and Partnership exchangeable units— (506)— (506)
Capital contribution from RBI60 — — 60 
Distributions from subsidiaries(506)506 — — 
Proceeds from derivatives57 — — 57 
Other financing activities, net(2)— — (2)
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities(112)— — (112)
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents(8)— — (8)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(197)— — (197)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period1,139 — — 1,139 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$942 $— $— $942 
35
RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Consolidated BorrowersRBILPEliminationsConsolidated
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$628 $628 $(628)$628 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in loss (earnings) of consolidated subsidiaries— (628)628 — 
Depreciation and amortization95 — — 95 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt issuance discount14 — — 14 
(Income) loss from equity method investments18 — — 18 
(Gain) loss on remeasurement of foreign denominated transactions7 — — 7 
Net (gains) losses on derivatives(72)— — (72)
Share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense92 — — 92 
Deferred income taxes(40)— — (40)
Other(6)— — (6)
Changes in current assets and liabilities, excluding acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts and notes receivable(29)— — (29)
Inventories and prepaids and other current assets(45)— — (45)
Accounts and drafts payable(31)— — (31)
Other accrued liabilities and gift card liability(135)— — (135)
Tenant inducements paid to franchisees(9)— — (9)
Net cash provided by operating activities487 — — 487 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Payments for property and equipment(48)— — (48)
Net proceeds from disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings13 — — 13 
Settlement/sale of derivatives, net28 — — 28 
Other investing activities, net(1)— — (1)
Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities(8)— — (8)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from long-term debt2 — — 2 
Repayments of long-term debt and finance leases(68)— — (68)
Distributions on Class A common and Partnership exchangeable units— (492)— (492)
Capital contribution from RBI49 — — 49 
Distributions from subsidiaries(492)492 — — 
Proceeds from derivatives63 — — 63 
Other financing activities, net(2)— — (2)
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities(448)— — (448)
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents4 — — 4 
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents35 — — 35 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period1,178 — — 1,178 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$1,213 $— $— $1,213 
    
36
Note 19. Subsequent Events
Cash Distributions/Dividends
On July 5, 2024, RBI paid a cash dividend of $0.58 per RBI common share to common shareholders of record on June 21, 2024. Partnership made a distribution to RBI as holder of Class A common units in the amount of the aggregate dividends declared and paid by RBI on RBI common shares and also made a distribution in respect of each Partnership exchangeable unit in the amount of $0.58 per exchangeable unit to holders of record on June 21, 2024.
Subsequent to June 30, 2024, the RBI board of directors declared a cash dividend of $0.58 per RBI common share, which will be paid on October 4, 2024 to RBI common shareholders of record on September 20, 2024. Partnership will make a distribution to RBI as holder of Class A common units in the amount of the aggregate dividends declared and paid by RBI on RBI common shares. Partnership will also make a distribution in respect of each Partnership exchangeable unit in the amount of $0.58 per Partnership exchangeable unit, and the record date and payment date for such distribution will be the same as the record date and payment date for the cash dividend per RBI common share set forth above.


*****
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read the following discussion together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 “Financial Statements” of this report.
The following discussion includes information regarding future financial performance and plans, targets, aspirations, expectations, and objectives of management, which constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and forward-looking information within the meaning of Canadian securities laws as described in further detail under “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” set forth below. Actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Please refer to the risks and further discussion in the “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” below.
We prepare our financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP” or “GAAP”). However, this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations also contains certain non-GAAP financial measures to assist readers in understanding our performance. Non-GAAP financial measures either exclude or include amounts that are not reflected in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Where non-GAAP financial measures are used, we have provided the most directly comparable measures calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP, a reconciliation to GAAP measures and a discussion of the reasons why management believes this information is useful to it and may be useful to investors.
Operating results for any one quarter are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any other quarter or for the fiscal year and our operating metrics, as discussed below, may decrease for any future period. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this section to “Partnership”, “we”, “us” or “our” are to Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership and its subsidiaries, collectively.
Overview
We are a Canadian limited partnership that serves as the indirect holding company for the entities that own and franchise the Tim Hortons®, Burger King®, Popeyes® and Firehouse Subs® brands. We are one of the world’s largest quick service restaurant (“QSR”) companies with over $40 billion in annual system-wide sales and over 30,000 restaurants in more than 120 countries and territories as of June 30, 2024. Our Tim Hortons®, Burger King®, Popeyes®, and Firehouse Subs® brands have similar franchised business models with complementary daypart mixes and product platforms. Our four iconic brands are managed independently while benefiting from global scale and sharing of best practices.
Tim Hortons restaurants are quick service restaurants with a menu that includes premium blend coffee, tea, espresso-based hot and cold specialty drinks, fresh baked goods, including donuts, Timbits®, bagels, muffins, cookies and pastries, sandwiches, wraps, soups and more. Burger King restaurants are quick service restaurants that feature flame-grilled hamburgers, chicken and other specialty sandwiches, french fries, soft drinks and other food items. Popeyes restaurants are quick service restaurants that distinguish themselves with a unique “Louisiana” style menu featuring fried chicken, chicken sandwiches, chicken tenders, wings, fried shrimp and other seafood, red beans and rice and other regional items. Firehouse Subs restaurants are quick service restaurants featuring hot and hearty subs piled high with quality meats and cheese as well as chopped salads, chili and soups, signature and other sides, soft drinks and local specialties.
On May 16, 2024, we completed the acquisition of Carrols Restaurant Group Inc. (“Carrols”) (“the Carrols Acquisition”). Our consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 include Carrols revenues, expenses and segment income from the acquisition date of May 16, 2024 through June 30, 2024. On June 28, 2024, we also completed the acquisition of Popeyes China (“PLK China”) (“the PLK China Acquisition”), which will be included in our consolidated statements of operations commencing in the third quarter of 2024.

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Table of Contents
Following the Carrols Acquisition and PLK China Acquisition, we established a new operating and reportable segment, Restaurant Holdings, which includes results from the Carrols Burger King restaurants and the PLK China restaurants and reflects how our chief operating decision maker manages and assesses performance of our segments. This management approach is consistent with our long-term plans to refranchise the vast majority of the Carrols Burger King restaurants and to find a new partner for PLK China restaurants. As a result, beginning in the second quarter of 2024, we are reporting results under six operating and reportable segments consisting of the following:
1.Tim Hortons – operations of our Tim Hortons brand in Canada and the U.S. (“TH”);
2.Burger King – operations of our Burger King brand in the U.S. and Canada, excluding Company restaurant results of Burger King restaurants acquired as part of the Carrols Acquisition, included in our RH segment (defined below) (“BK”);
3.Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen – operations of our Popeyes brand in the U.S. and Canada (“PLK”);
4.Firehouse Subs – operations of our Firehouse Subs brand in the U.S. and Canada (“FHS”);
5.International – operations of each of our brands outside the U.S. and Canada, excluding Company restaurant results of PLK China restaurants commencing in the third quarter of 2024, included in our RH segment (“INTL”); and
6.Restaurant Holdings – operations of Burger King restaurants acquired as part of the Carrols Acquisition and commencing in the third quarter of 2024, the operations of PLK China restaurants (“RH”).
We generate revenues from the following sources: (i) supply chain sales, consisting primarily of Tim Hortons supply chain sales, which represent sales of products, supplies and restaurant equipment to franchisees, as well as sales of consumer packaged goods (“CPG”); (ii) sales at Company restaurants; (iii) franchise revenues, consisting primarily of royalties based on a percentage of sales reported by franchised restaurants and franchise fees paid by franchisees; (iv) property revenues from properties we lease or sublease to franchisees; and (v) advertising revenues and other services, consisting primarily of (1) advertising fund contributions based on a percentage of sales reported by franchised restaurants to fund advertising expenses and (2) tech fees and revenues that vary by market and partially offset expenses related to technology initiatives. All Tim Hortons global supply chain sales, including coffee to International franchisees, are included in the TH segment.
Operating costs and expenses for our segments include:
•supply chain cost of sales comprised of costs associated with the management of our Tim Hortons supply chain, including cost of goods, direct labor, depreciation, and cost of CPG products sold to retailers;
•Company restaurant expenses comprised of costs associated with food, paper, labor and occupancy costs of Company restaurants;
•franchise and property expenses comprised primarily of depreciation of properties leased to franchisees, rental expense associated with properties subleased to franchisees, amortization of franchise agreements and reacquired franchise rights, and bad debt expense (recoveries);
•advertising expenses and other services comprised primarily of expenses relating to marketing, advertising and promotion, including market research, production, advertising costs, sales promotions, social media campaigns, technology initiatives, depreciation and amortization and other related support functions for the respective brands. We generally manage advertising expenses to equal advertising revenues in the long term, however in some periods there may be a mismatch in the timing of revenues and expenses or higher expenses due to our support initiatives behind marketing programs; and
•segment general and administrative expenses (“Segment G&A”) comprised primarily of salary and employee-related costs for non-restaurant employees, professional fees, information technology systems, general overhead for our corporate offices, share-based compensation and non-cash incentive compensation expense, and depreciation and amortization.
Intersegment Transactions
BK and RH results include revenues and expenses, respectively, from an intersegment franchisor-franchisee relationship. From the acquisition date of May 16, 2024 through June 30, 2024, BK results include royalty, property, advertising contribution and tech fees revenues recognized for intersegment transactions with Burger King restaurants acquired from Carrols, with corresponding expenses recognized by RH. These intersegment revenues and expenses are eliminated in consolidation but are presented within segment results in a manner consistent with internal reporting used to assess performance and allocate resources.
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RH Results
The changes in our results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 as compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 are partially driven by the inclusion of the results of operations of RH. The statement of operations data for the RH segment consists of the results from the Carrols acquisition date of May 16, 2024 through June 30, 2024, which is summarized as follows:
Revenues:
Company restaurant sales$230 
Total revenues230 
Food, beverage and packaging costs64 
Restaurant wages and related expenses72 
Restaurant occupancy and other expenses (a)59 
Company restaurant expenses194 
Advertising expenses and other services (b)10 
Reacquired franchise rights amortization (c)4 
Segment G&A12 
Adjustments:
Reacquired franchise rights amortization4 
Segment income14 
(a)Restaurant occupancy and other expenses includes intersegment royalties expense of $10 million and intersegment property expenses of $4 million, which are eliminated in consolidation.
(b)Advertising expenses and other services are eliminated in consolidation.
(c)Reacquired franchise rights amortization is included in franchise and property expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

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Table of Contents
Key Operating Metrics
Key performances indicators are shown for RBI's five franchisor operating segments — TH, BK, PLK, FHS and INTL. RH results for the Carrols BK restaurants and PLK China restaurants are included in the BK segment and INTL segment, respectively.
We evaluate our restaurants and assess our business based on the following operating metrics:
•System-wide sales growth refers to the percentage change in sales at all franchised restaurants and Company restaurants (referred to as system-wide sales) in one period from the same period in the prior year.
•Comparable sales refers to the percentage change in restaurant sales in one period from the same prior year period for restaurants that have been open for 13 months or longer for Tim Hortons, Burger King and Firehouse Subs and 17 months or longer for Popeyes. Additionally, if a restaurant is closed for a significant portion of a month, the restaurant is excluded from the monthly comparable sales calculation.
•System-wide sales growth and comparable sales are measured on a constant currency basis, which means the results exclude the effect of foreign currency translation (“FX Impact”). For system-wide sales growth and comparable sales, we calculate the FX Impact by translating prior year results at current year monthly average exchange rates.
•Unless otherwise stated, system-wide sales growth, system-wide sales and comparable sales are presented on a system-wide basis, which means they include franchised restaurants and Company restaurants. System-wide results are driven by our franchised restaurants, as approximately 95% of system-wide restaurants are franchised. Franchise sales represent sales at all franchised restaurants and are revenues to our franchisees. We do not record franchise sales as revenues; however, our royalty revenues and advertising fund contributions are calculated based on a percentage of franchise sales.
•Net restaurant growth refers to the net change in restaurant count (openings, net of permanent closures) over a trailing twelve month period, divided by the restaurant count at the beginning of the trailing twelve month period. In determining whether a restaurant meets our definition of a restaurant that will be included in our net restaurant growth, we consider factors such as scope of operations, format and image, separate franchise agreement, and minimum sales thresholds. We refer to restaurants that do not meet our definition as “alternative formats.” These alternative formats are helpful to build brand awareness, test new concepts and provide convenience in certain markets.
These metrics are important indicators of the overall direction of our business, including trends in sales and the effectiveness of each brand’s marketing, operations and growth initiatives.
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Table of Contents
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
Key Operating Metrics2024202320242023
System-wide sales growth
    TH5.4 %12.1 %6.5 %13.9 %
    BK(0.7)%8.1 %0.8 %8.3 %
    PLK4.6 %9.9 %7.3 %9.7 %
    FHS (a)3.3 %6.4 %3.5 %7.8 %
    INTL9.2 %21.5 %10.4 %21.6 %
    Consolidated (a)5.0 %14.0 %6.5 %14.4 %
System-wide sales (in US$ millions)
    TH$1,939 $1,872 $3,664 $3,468 
    BK$2,925 $2,949 $5,678 $5,633 
    PLK$1,555 $1,488 $3,072 $2,862 
    FHS (a)$316 $306 $617 $597 
    INTL$4,517 $4,334 $8,733 $8,223 
    Consolidated (a)$11,252 $10,949 $21,764 $20,783 
Comparable sales
    TH4.6 %11.8 %5.7 %13.2 %
    BK(0.1)%8.3 %1.8 %8.5 %
    PLK0.5 %4.4 %3.0 %4.0 %
    FHS (a)(0.1)%3.4 %0.1 %4.8 %
    INTL2.6 %12.0 %3.4 %12.3 %
    Consolidated (a)1.9 %9.6 %3.2 %10.0 %
As of June 30,
20242023
Net restaurant growth
    TH0.1 %(0.8)%
    BK(1.7)%(1.8)%
    PLK4.3 %5.6 %
    FHS3.5 %2.0 %
    INTL8.2 %9.2 %
    Consolidated4.0 %4.1 %
Restaurant count
    TH4,507 4,501 
    BK7,133 7,258 
    PLK3,437 3,294 
    FHS1,288 1,244 
    INTL14,959 13,828 
    Consolidated31,324 30,125 
    
(a)2023 comparable sales and system wide sales amounts for FHS have been revised to make immaterial corrections and provide comparability with the current calculation methodology. These revisions have no impact on previously reported revenue and adjusted operating income for the FHS segment. These revisions had an immaterial impact to RBI consolidated system-wide sales, and no impact to consolidated system-wide sales growth nor comparable sales.
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Table of Contents
Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023
Tabular amounts in millions of U.S. dollars unless noted otherwise. Total revenues and segment income for each segment may not calculate exactly due to rounding.
ConsolidatedThree Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX ImpactSix Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX Impact
20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)
Revenues:
Supply chain sales$682 $676 $6 $(12)$18 $1,309 $1,283 $26 $(10)$36 
Company restaurant sales347 68 279 — 279 449 129 320 — 320 
Franchise and property revenues747 742 5 (12)17 1,459 1,410 49 (15)64 
Advertising revenues and other services304 289 15 (1)16 602 543 59 (1)60 
Total revenues2,080 1,775 305 (25)330 3,819 3,365 454 (26)480 
Operating costs and expenses:
Supply chain cost of sales540 551 11 9 2 1,057 1,048 (9)8 (17)
Company restaurant expenses286 61 (225)— (225)375 114 (261)— (261)
Franchise and property expenses134 130 (4)1 (5)260 253 (7)1 (8)
Advertising expenses and other services334 312 (22)2 (24)645 583 (62)1 (63)
General and administrative expenses185 163 (22)1 (23)358 338 (20)— (20)
(Income) loss from equity method investments(69)11 80 — 80 (72)18 90 — 90 
Other operating expenses (income), net7 (7)(14)1 (15)(11)10 21 — 21 
Total operating costs and expenses1,417 1,221 (196)14 (210)2,612 2,364 (248)10 (258)
Income from operations663 554 109 (11)120 1,207 1,001 206 (16)222 
Interest expense, net147 145 (2)— (2)295 287 (8)— (8)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt32 — (32)— (32)32 — (32)— (32)
Income before income taxes484 409 75 (11)86 880 714 166 (16)182 
Income tax expense85 58 (27)(1)(26)153 86 (67)(1)(66)
Net income$399 $351 $48 $(12)$60 $727 $628 $99 $(17)$116 
(a)We calculate the FX Impact by translating prior year results at current year monthly average exchange rates. We analyze these results on a constant currency basis as this helps identify underlying business trends, without distortion from the effects of currency movements.
Our operating results are impacted by a number of external factors, including softer consumer spending levels and general economic conditions.
Supply Chain Sales and Cost of Sales
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the changes in supply chain sales and supply chain cost of sales were driven by our TH segment.
Company Restaurant Sales and Expenses
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in Company restaurant sales and Company restaurant expenses were primarily driven by an increase in Company restaurants due to restaurant acquisitions from franchisees in 2023 and 2024, including the Carrols Acquisition.
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Franchise and Property
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in franchise and property revenues were primarily driven by increases in royalties as a result of increases in system-wide sales growth, as well as the recognition of TH convention revenue in the current year period. These factors were partially offset by unfavorable FX Impact and the elimination of franchise and property revenues from restaurants acquired from franchisees.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in franchise and property expenses were primarily driven by TH convention expenses in the current year period and the inclusion of reacquired franchise rights amortization related to the Carrols Acquisition, partially offset by the reclassification of occupancy costs from franchise and property expenses to Company restaurant expenses related to restaurant acquisitions from franchisees in 2023 and 2024, restaurant closures and a favorable FX Impact.
Advertising and Other Services
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in advertising revenues and other services were primarily driven by increases in advertising fund contributions from vendors, as well as an increase in advertising fund contributions by franchisees, as a result of an increase in system-wide sales. These factors were partially offset by the elimination of advertising revenues and other services from restaurants acquired from franchisees and an unfavorable FX Impact.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in advertising expenses and other services were primarily driven by increases in advertising revenues and other services, partially offset by favorable FX Impact.
General and Administrative Expenses
Our general and administrative expenses consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceSix Months Ended
June 30,		Variance
$%$%
20242023Favorable / (Unfavorable)20242023Favorable / (Unfavorable)
Segment G&A:
TH$38 $41 $3 7 %$80 $78 $(2)(3)%
BK36 35 (1)(3)%72 69 (3)(4)%
PLK21 22 1 5 %43 43 — — %
FHS14 13 (1)(8)%28 26 (2)(8)%
INTL49 45 (4)(9)%102 91 (11)(12)%
RH12 — (12)NM12 — (12)NM
RH Transaction costs9 — (9)NM13 — (13)NM
FHS Transaction costs— — — NM— 19 19 NM
Corporate restructuring and advisory fees6 7 1 14 %8 12 4 33 %
General and administrative expenses$185 $163 $(22)(13)%$358 $338 $(20)(6)%
NM - Not meaningful
In connection with the Carrols Acquisition, and commencing in the third quarter of 2024 the PLK China Acquisition, we incurred or will incur certain non-recurring fees and expenses (“RH Transaction costs”) consisting primarily of professional fees, compensation related expenses and integration costs, all of which are classified as general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. We expect to incur additional RH Transaction costs through 2024.
In connection with the acquisition and integration of Firehouse Subs, we incurred certain non-recurring fees and expenses (“FHS Transaction costs”) consisting of professional fees, compensation related expenses and integration costs. We did not incur any additional FHS Transaction costs subsequent to March 31, 2023.
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In connection with certain transformational corporate restructuring initiatives that rationalize our structure and optimize cash movement within our structure as well as services related to significant tax reform legislation and regulations, we incurred non-operating expenses primarily from professional advisory and consulting services (“Corporate restructuring and advisory fees”).
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in general and administrative expenses were primarily driven by an increase in INTL Segment G&A, the inclusion of RH Segment G&A and RH Transaction costs during 2024, partially offset by the non-recurrence of FHS Transaction costs for the six months ended June 30, 2024.
(Income) Loss from Equity Method Investments
(Income) loss from equity method investments reflects our share of investee net income or loss as well as gains or losses from changes in our ownership interests in equity investees.
The change in (income) loss from equity method investments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 reflects a $79 million gain recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 in connection with the Carrols Acquisition that resulted in an increase in the value of our existing 15% equity interest in Carrols, as well as changes in earnings of our equity method investments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.
Other Operating Expenses (Income), net
Our other operating expenses (income), net consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Net losses (gains) on disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings$8 $(9)$10 $(11)
Litigation settlements (gains) and reserves, net1 (3)1 (2)
Net losses (gains) on foreign exchange(6)(1)(29)7 
Other, net4 6 7 16 
     Other operating expenses (income), net$7 $(7)$(11)$10 
Net losses (gains) on disposal of assets, restaurant closures, and refranchisings represent sales of properties and other costs related to restaurant closures and refranchisings. Gains and losses recognized in the current period may reflect certain costs related to closures and refranchisings that occurred in previous periods.
Net losses (gains) on foreign exchange are primarily related to revaluation of foreign denominated assets and liabilities, primarily those denominated in euros and Canadian dollars.
Other, net for 2023 is primarily related to payments in connection with FHS area representative buyouts.
Interest Expense, net
Our interest expense, net and the weighted average interest rate on our long-term debt were as follows:
Three Months Ended
June 30,		Six Months Ended
June 30,
2024202320242023
Interest expense, net$147 $145 $295 $287 
Weighted average interest rate on long-term debt4.8 %4.9 %4.9 %4.9 %
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, interest expense, net remained relatively consistent with the prior year.
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Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, we recorded a $32 million loss on early extinguishment of debt that primarily reflects expensing of fees and the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs in connection with various amendments to our credit agreement. See Note 11, “Long-Term Debt,” to the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional details.
Income Tax Expense
Our effective tax rate was 17.6% and 14.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and 17.4% and 12.1% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in our effective tax rate was primarily due to a favorable structural change that benefited 2023, the impact of the Carrols Acquisition in 2024 as well as such impact on our mix of income from multiple jurisdictions.
Net Income
We reported net income of $399 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, compared to net income of $351 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in net income is primarily due to a $79 million favorable change from the impact of equity method investments primarily due to a gain in connection with the Carrols Acquisition, a $23 million increase in TH segment income, the inclusion of $14 million of RH segment income, a $6 million increase in PLK segment income, and a $6 million increase in INTL segment income. These factors were partially offset by a $32 million loss on early extinguishment of debt in 2024, a $27 million increase in income tax expense, a $14 million unfavorable change in the results from other operating expenses (income), net, and $9 million of RH Transaction costs. Amounts above include a total unfavorable FX Impact to net income of $12 million.
We reported net income of $727 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to net income of $628 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in net income is primarily due to an $88 million favorable change from the impact of equity method investments primarily due to a gain in connection with the Carrols Acquisition, a $35 million increase in TH segment income, a $21 million favorable change in the results from other operating expenses (income), net, the non-recurrence of $19 million of FHS Transaction costs, a $14 million increase in BK segment income, the inclusion of $14 million of RH segment income, a $13 million increase in PLK segment income, and an $11 million increase in INTL segment income. These factors were partially offset by a $67 million increase in income tax expense, a $32 million loss on early extinguishment of debt in 2024, $13 million of RH Transaction costs, an $8 million increase in interest expense, net. Amounts above include a total unfavorable FX Impact to net income of $17 million.

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Segment Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023

TH SegmentThree Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX ImpactSix Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX Impact
20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)
Revenues:
Supply chain sales$682 $676 $6 $(11)$18 $1,309 $1,283 $26 $(10)$36 
Company restaurant sales12 13 (1)— (1)22 23 (1)— (1)
Franchise and property revenues259 247 12 (4)16 490 461 29 (4)33 
Advertising revenues and other services77 73 5 (1)6 148 135 13 (1)14 
Total revenues1,031 1,008 22 (17)39 1,969 1,902 68 (15)82 
Supply chain cost of sales540 552 12 9 3 1,057 1,048 (8)8 (16)
Company restaurant expenses10 10 — — — 19 19 — — — 
Franchise and property expenses93 85 (7)2 (9)174 164 (10)1 (12)
Advertising expenses and other services87 78 (8)1 (10)157 144 (13)1 (14)
Segment G&A38 41 3 1 2 80 78 (2)1 (3)
Adjustments:
Franchise agreement amortization (a)2 2 — — — 3 3 — — — 
Cash distributions received from equity method investments4 3 1 — 1 7 6 1 — 1 
Segment income269 246 23 (4)27 493 458 35 (4)39 
(a)Franchise agreement amortization is included in franchise and property expenses.
System-wide Sales
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, TH system-wide sales growth of 5.4% was primarily driven by comparable sales of 4.6%. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, TH system-wide sales growth of 6.5% was primarily driven by comparable sales of 5.7%.
Supply Chain Sales and Cost of Sales
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, the increase in supply chain sales was primarily driven by an increase in system-wide sales, partially offset by an unfavorable FX Impact.
During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the increase in supply chain sales was primarily driven by an increase in system-wide sales and an increase in equipment sales, partially offset by an unfavorable FX Impact and a decrease in CPG sales as a result of increases in promotional activity and trade investments.
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, the decrease in supply chain cost of sales was primarily driven by a favorable FX impact, lower average cost of inventory and bad debt recoveries in the current year compared to bad debt expense in the prior year, partially offset by increases in supply chain sales.
During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the increase in supply chain cost of sales was primarily driven by increases in supply chain sales and increases in equipment sales, partially offset by a favorable FX Impact and lower average cost of inventory.
Company Restaurant Sales and Expenses
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, Company restaurant sales and expenses remained relatively consistent with the prior year.
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Franchise and Property
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in franchise and property revenues were primarily driven by increases in royalties and rent, as a result of increases in system-wide sales, and convention revenue, partially offset by an unfavorable FX Impact. There was no convention revenue recognized during 2023.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in franchise and property expenses were primarily driven by increases in rent expense and convention expenses, which are mostly offset by convention revenues. There was no convention expense recognized during 2023.
Advertising and Other Services
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in advertising revenues and other services were primarily driven by an increase in advertising fund contributions by franchisees, as a result of increases in system-wide sales, and an increase in other services revenue.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in advertising expenses and other services were primarily driven by an increase in advertising revenues and other services.
Segment G&A
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, Segment G&A remained relatively consistent with the prior year.

BK SegmentThree Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX ImpactSix Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX Impact
20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)
Revenues:
Company restaurant sales$62 $24 $38 $— $38 $120 $43 $78 $— $78 
Franchise and property revenues (b)178 186 (8)— (8)353 358 (5)— (5)
Advertising revenues and other services (c)124 117 7 — 7 241 223 18 — 18 
Total revenues364 327 37 — 37 714 624 91 — 91 
Company restaurant expenses57 22 (35)— (35)110 39 (70)— (70)
Franchise and property expenses28 32 4 — 4 61 68 7 — 7 
Advertising expenses and other services131 131 — — — 256 247 (9)— (9)
Segment G&A36 35 (1)— (1)72 69 (3)— (3)
Adjustments:
Franchise agreement amortization (a)2 3 — — — 4 6 (1)— (1)
Segment income114 110 4 — 4 220 206 14 — 14 
(b)For three and six months ended June 30, 2024, franchise and property revenues include intersegment revenues with RH consisting of royalties of $10 million and rent of $4 million.
(c)For three and six months ended June 30, 2024, advertising revenues and other services include intersegment revenues with RH consisting of advertising contributions and tech fees of $10 million.
System-wide Sales
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, BK system-wide sales growth of (0.7)% was primarily driven by relatively flat comparable sales and net restaurant growth of (1.7)%. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, BK system-wide sales growth of 0.8% was primarily driven by comparable sales of 1.8%, partially offset by net restaurant growth of (1.7)%.
Company Restaurant Sales and Expenses
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in Company restaurant sales and expenses were primarily driven by increases in Company restaurants due to non-Carrols restaurant acquisitions from franchisees during 2024 and 2023.
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Franchise and Property
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the decreases in franchise and property revenues were primarily driven by decreases in property revenues due to non-Carrols restaurant acquisitions from franchisees and restaurant closures during 2024 and 2023 that had related lease and sublease rental income.
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, the decrease in franchise and property expenses was primarily driven by a decrease in property expenses due to the reclassification of occupancy costs from franchise and property expenses to Company restaurant expenses related to non-Carrols restaurant acquisitions from franchisees and restaurant closures during 2024 and 2023 that had related leases with BK.
During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the decrease in franchise and property expenses was primarily driven by a decrease in property expenses due to the reclassification of occupancy costs from franchise and property expenses to Company restaurant expenses related to non-Carrols restaurant acquisitions from franchisees and restaurant closures during 2024 and 2023 that had related leases with BK and bad debt recoveries in 2024 compared to bad debt expenses in 2023.
Advertising and Other Services
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in advertising revenues and other services were primarily driven by an increase in advertising fund contributions from vendors.
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, advertising expenses and other services remained consistent with the prior year.
During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the increase in advertising expenses and other services was driven by the increase in advertising revenues and other services.
Segment G&A
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, Segment G&A remained relatively consistent with the prior year.

PLK SegmentThree Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX ImpactSix Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX Impact
20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)
Revenues:
Company restaurant sales$33 $22 $11 $— $11 $56 $43 $13 $— $13 
Franchise and property revenues85 82 3 — 3 165 155 11 — 11 
Advertising revenues and other services76 69 7 — 7 151 135 16 — 16 
Total revenues194 173 21 — 21 372 333 39 — 39 
Company restaurant expenses29 20 (9)— (9)48 39 (9)— (9)
Franchise and property expenses5 6 1 — 1 7 8 — — — 
Advertising expenses and other services78 70 (7)— (7)154 137 (17)— (17)
Segment G&A21 22 1 — 1 43 43 — — — 
Adjustments:
Franchise agreement amortization (a)1 1 — — — 1 1 — — — 
Segment income62 56 6 — 6 120 107 13 — 13 
System-wide Sales
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, PLK system-wide sales growth of 4.6% was primarily driven by net restaurant growth of 4.3% and comparable sales of 0.5%. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, PLK system-wide sales growth of 7.3% was primarily driven by net restaurant growth of 4.3% and comparable sales of 3.0%.
Company Restaurant Sales and Expenses
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in Company restaurant sales and expenses were driven by PLK Company restaurants acquired in connection with the Carrols Acquisition.
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Franchise and Property
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in franchise and property revenues were primarily driven by increases in royalties, as a result of increases in system-wide sales.
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, franchise and property expenses remained relatively consistent with the prior year.
Advertising and Other Services
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in advertising revenues and other services were primarily driven by increases in advertising fund contributions by franchisees, as a result of increases in system-wide sales, an increase in digital fees, and increases in advertising fund contributions from vendors.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in advertising expenses and other services were primarily driven by increases in advertising revenues and other services.
Segment G&A
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, Segment G&A remained relatively consistent with the prior year.

FHS SegmentThree Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX ImpactSix Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX Impact
20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)
Revenues:
Company restaurant sales$10 $10 $— $— $— $20 $20 $— $— $— 
Franchise and property revenues27 24 3 — 3 51 47 5 — 5 
Advertising revenues and other services16 14 2 — 2 31 19 12 — 12 
Total revenues53 48 5 — 5 103 85 18 — 18 
Company restaurant expenses9 9 — — — 18 17 (1)— (1)
Franchise and property expenses2 2 — — — 3 4 1 — 1 
Advertising expenses and other services17 14 (2)— (2)32 19 (13)— (13)
Segment G&A14 13 (1)— (1)28 26 (2)— (2)
Adjustments:
Franchise agreement amortization (a)— — — — — 1 1 — — — 
Segment income13 11 2 — 2 23 20 3 — 3 
System-wide Sales
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, FHS system-wide sales growth of 3.3% was primarily driven by net restaurant growth of 3.5% and relatively flat comparable sales. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, FHS system-wide sales growth of 3.5% was primarily driven by net restaurant growth of 3.5% and relatively flat comparable sales.
Company Restaurant Sales and Expenses
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, Company restaurant sales and expenses remained relatively consistent with the prior year.
Franchise and Property
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in franchise and property revenues were primarily driven by increases in franchise fees and other revenue.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, franchise and property expenses remained relatively consistent with the prior year.
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Advertising and Other Services
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, advertising revenues and other services and advertising expenses and other services remained relatively consistent with the prior year.
During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in advertising revenues and other services and advertising expenses and other services primarily reflect modification of the advertising fund arrangements to be more consistent with those of our other brands.
Segment G&A
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, Segment G&A remained relatively consistent with the prior year.

INTL SegmentThree Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX ImpactSix Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceFX Impact (a)Variance Excluding FX Impact
20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)20242023 Favorable / (Unfavorable)
Revenues:
Franchise and property revenues$213 $203 $10 $(7)$17 $414 $390 $24 $(11)$36 
Advertising revenues and other services20 16 4 — 4 41 32 9 1 8 
Total revenues232 219 13 (7)21 455 422 33 (11)44 
Franchise and property expenses4 5 1 — 1 12 9 (3)— (3)
Advertising expenses and other services22 18 (4)— (4)45 35 (10)(1)(9)
Segment G&A49 45 (4)— (4)102 91 (11)(1)(10)
Adjustments:
Franchise agreement amortization (a)3 3 1 — 1 7 5 1 — 1 
Segment income160 154 6 (7)13 302 291 11 (12)23 
System-wide Sales
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, INTL system-wide sales growth of 9.2% was primarily driven by net restaurant growth of 8.2% and comparable sales of 2.6%. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, INTL system-wide sales growth of 10.4% was primarily driven by net restaurant growth of 8.2% and comparable sales of 3.4%.
Franchise and Property
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in franchise and property revenues were primarily driven by increases in royalties, primarily at Burger King, as a result of increases in system-wide sales, partially offset by an unfavorable FX Impact.
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, franchise and property expenses remained relatively consistent with the prior year.
During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the increase in franchise and property expenses was primarily related to an increase in bad debt expenses.
Advertising and Other Services
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in advertising revenues and other services were primarily driven by increases in advertising fund contributions from franchisees and vendors in the limited number of markets where we manage the advertising funds.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in advertising expenses and other services were primarily driven by increases in advertising revenues.
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Segment G&A
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the increases in Segment G&A were primarily driven by higher salary and employee-related costs for non-restaurant employees.
Non-GAAP Reconciliations
The table below contains information regarding Adjusted Operating Income, which is a non-GAAP measure. This non-GAAP measure does not have a standardized meaning under U.S. GAAP and may differ from a similar captioned measure of other companies in our industry. We believe this non-GAAP measure is useful to investors in assessing our operating performance, as it provides them with the same tools that management uses to evaluate our performance and is responsive to questions we receive from both investors and analysts. By disclosing this non-GAAP measure, we intend to provide investors with a consistent comparison of our operating results and trends for the periods presented. Adjusted Operating Income is defined as income from operations excluding (i) franchise agreement and reacquired franchise rights intangible asset amortization as a result of acquisition accounting, (ii) (income) loss from equity method investments, net of cash distributions received from equity method investments, (iii) other operating expenses (income), net and, (iv) income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities. For the periods referenced, income/expenses from non-recurring projects and non-operating activities included (i) non-recurring fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Carrols Acquisition, and commencing in the third quarter of 2024 the PLK China Acquisition, consisting primarily of professional fees, compensation related expenses and integration costs; (ii) non-recurring fees and expense incurred in connection with the acquisition of Firehouse consisting of professional fees, compensation related expenses and integration costs; and (iii) non-operating costs from professional advisory and consulting services associated with certain transformational corporate restructuring initiatives that rationalize our structure and optimize cash movements as well as services related to significant tax reform legislation and regulations. Management believes that these types of expenses are either not related to our underlying profitability drivers or not likely to re-occur in the foreseeable future and the varied timing, size and nature of these projects may cause volatility in our results unrelated to the performance of our core business that does not reflect trends of our core operations.
Adjusted Operating Income is used by management to measure operating performance of the business, excluding these non-cash and other specifically identified items that management believes are not relevant to management’s assessment of our operating performance. Adjusted Operating Income, as defined above, also represents our measure of segment income for each of our operating segments.
Three Months Ended
June 30,		VarianceSix Months Ended
June 30,		Variance
$$
20242023Favorable / (Unfavorable)20242023Favorable / (Unfavorable)
Income from operations$663 $554 $109 $1,207 $1,001 $206 
Franchise agreement and reacquired franchise rights amortization11 8 (3)19 16 (3)
RH Transaction costs9 — (9)13 — (13)
FHS Transaction costs— — — — 19 19 
Corporate restructuring and advisory fees6 7 1 8 12 4 
Impact of equity method investments (a)(64)15 79 (64)24 88 
Other operating expenses (income), net7 (7)(14)(11)10 21 
Adjusted Operating Income$632 $577 $55 $1,172 $1,082 $90 
Segment income:
TH$269 $246 $23 $493 $458 $35 
BK114 110 4 220 206 14 
PLK62 56 6 120 107 13 
FHS13 11 2 23 20 3 
INTL160 154 6 302 291 11 
RH14 — 14 14 — 14 
Adjusted Operating Income632 577 55 $1,172 $1,082 $90 

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(a)Represents (i) (income) loss from equity method investments and (ii) cash distributions received from our equity method investments. Cash distributions received from our equity method investments are included in segment income.
The increase in Adjusted Operating Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 reflects an increase in segment income in all of our segments and the inclusion of RH segment income, partially offset by an unfavorable FX Impact of $12 million and $16 million, respectively.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity are cash on hand, cash generated by operations, and borrowings available under our Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below). We have used, and may in the future use, our liquidity to make required interest and/or principal payments, to make distributions to RBI for RBI to repurchase its common shares, to repurchase Class B exchangeable limited partnership units of Partnership (“Partnership exchangeable units”), to voluntarily prepay and repurchase our or one of our affiliates’ outstanding debt, to fund acquisitions and other investing activities, such as capital expenditures and joint ventures, and to make distributions on Class A common units and distributions on the Partnership exchangeable units. Our liquidity requirements are significant, primarily due to debt service requirements.
As of June 30, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $942 million and borrowing availability of $1,247 million under our senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”). Based on our current level of operations and available cash, we believe our cash flow from operations, combined with our availability under our Revolving Credit Facility, will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our current obligations, debt service requirements and capital spending over the next twelve months.
On May 16, 2024, we completed the acquisition of Carrols for a total cash purchase price of $543 million. In connection with the Carrols Acquisition, we assumed approximately $431 million of outstanding debt, all of which was fully extinguished as of June 30, 2024. The cash purchase price and extinguishment of debt assumed in the Carrols Acquisition was funded with a combination of cash on hand and $750 million of incremental borrowings under our senior secured term loan facility.
In September 2022, Burger King shared the details of its “Reclaim the Flame” plan to accelerate sales growth and drive franchisee profitability. We are investing $400 million over the life of the plan, comprised of $150 million in advertising and digital investments (“Fuel the Flame”) and $250 million in high-quality remodels and relocations, restaurant technology, kitchen equipment, and building enhancements (“Royal Reset”). During the six months ended June 30, 2024, we funded $12 million toward the Fuel the Flame investment and $29 million toward our Royal Reset investment and as of June 30, 2024, we have funded a total of $85 million toward the Fuel the Flame investment and $90 million toward our Royal Reset investment.
In April 2024, Burger King announced plans to extend its Long-Term Royal Reset program with plans to invest an additional $300 million in remodels from 2025 through 2028. Additionally, as previously announced, we will invest an additional $500 million to remodel more than 600 Burger King restaurants acquired as part of the Carrols Acquisition.
On May 16, 2024, two of our subsidiaries (the “Borrowers”) entered into a sixth incremental facility amendment and a ninth amendment (the “First 2024 Amendment”) to the credit agreement governing our senior secured term loan A facility (the “Term Loan A”), our senior secured term loan B facility (the “Term Loan B” and together with the Term Loan A the “Term Loan Facilities”) and our $1,250 million senior secured revolving credit facility (including revolving loans, swingline loans and letters of credit) (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and together with the Term Loan Facilities, the “Credit Facilities”). The First 2024 Amendment increased the existing Term Loan B by $750 million to $5,912 million on the same terms as the existing Term Loan B. The 2024 Amendment also amended the interest rate applicable to the Canadian dollar loans under the Credit Agreement to be based on Term CORRA. The security and guarantees under the amended Credit Agreement are the same as those under the existing facilities. The First 2024 Amendment made no other material changes to the terms of the Credit Agreement. The proceeds from the increase in the Term Loan B were used, along with cash on hand, to complete the Carrols Acquisition, the repayment of amounts outstanding under the Carrols' credit agreement and the redemption and discharge of Carrols' outstanding senior notes.
On June 17, 2024, the Borrowers entered into a tenth amendment to the credit agreement governing our Credit Facilities (the “Second 2024 Amendment”). The Second 2024 Amendment repriced our Term Loan B from an interest rate equal to the Adjusted Term SOFR plus 2.25% to an interest rate equal to the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate plus 1.75% and reduced the outstanding principal amount of the Term Loan B facility from $5,912 million to $4,750 million using a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029 (defined below). There were no changes to the maturity of the Term Loan B following this repricing and all other terms are substantially unchanged.
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On June 17, 2024, the Borrowers entered into an indenture in connection with the issuance of $1,200 million of 6.125% first lien senior notes due June 15, 2029 (the “6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029”). No principal payments are due until maturity and interest is paid semi-annually. The net proceeds from the offering of the 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029 were used to refinance a portion of the Term Loan B, pay related fees and expenses and for general corporate purposes.
On August 31, 2023, the RBI board of directors approved a share repurchase authorization wherein RBI may purchase up to $1,000 million of RBI common shares until September 30, 2025. Repurchases under RBI’s authorization will be made in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. If RBI repurchases any RBI common shares, pursuant to the partnership agreement, Partnership will, immediately prior to such repurchase, make a distribution to RBI on its Class A common units in an amount sufficient for RBI to fund such repurchase. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, RBI did not repurchase any RBI common shares. As of June 30, 2024, RBI had $500 million remaining under its share repurchase authorization.
We generally provide applicable deferred taxes based on the tax liability or withholding taxes that would be due upon repatriation of cash associated with unremitted earnings. We will continue to monitor our plans for such cash and related foreign earnings but our expectation is to continue to provide taxes on unremitted earnings that we expect to distribute.
Debt Instruments and Debt Service Requirements
As of June 30, 2024, our total debt consists primarily of borrowings under our Credit Facilities, amounts outstanding under our 5.75% First Lien Senior Notes due 2025, 3.875% First Lien Senior Notes due 2028, 3.50% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029, 6.125% First Lien Senior Notes due 2029, 4.375% Second Lien Senior Notes due 2028, 4.00% Second Lien Senior Notes due 2030 (together, the “Senior Notes”), TH Facility, and obligations under finance leases. For further information about our total debt, see Note 11 to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.
As of June 30, 2024, there was $6,025 million outstanding principal amount under our Term Loan Facilities with a weighted average interest rate of 6.94%. The interest rate applicable to borrowings under our Term Loan A and Revolving Credit Facility is, at our option, either (i) a base rate, subject to a floor of 1.00%, plus an applicable margin varying from 0.00% to 0.50%, or (ii) Term SOFR (Secured Overnight Financing Rate), subject to a floor of 0.00%, plus an applicable margin varying between 0.75% to 1.50%, in each case, determined by reference to a net first lien leverage based pricing grid. The interest rate applicable to borrowings under our Term Loan B is, at our option, either (i) a base rate, subject to a floor of 1.00%, plus an applicable margin of 0.75%, or (ii) Term SOFR, subject to a floor of 0.00%, plus an applicable margin of 1.75%.
Based on the amounts outstanding under the Term Loan Facilities and SOFR as of June 30, 2024, subject to a floor of 0.00%, required debt service for the next twelve months is estimated to be approximately $428 million in interest payments and $63 million in principal payments. In addition, based on SOFR as of June 30, 2024, net cash settlements that we expect to receive on our $4,120 million interest rate swaps are estimated to be approximately $130 million for the next twelve months. Based on the amounts outstanding at June 30, 2024, required debt service for the next twelve months on all of the Senior Notes outstanding is approximately $331 million in interest payments and $500 million in principal payments. Based on the amounts outstanding under the TH Facility as of June 30, 2024, required debt service for the next twelve months is estimated to be approximately $7 million in interest payments and $16 million in principal payments. We expect to be opportunistic refinancing our upcoming debt maturities.
Restrictions and Covenants
As of June 30, 2024, we were in compliance with all applicable financial debt covenants under the Credit Facilities, the TH Facility, and the indentures governing our Senior Notes.

Cash Distributions/Dividends
On July 5, 2024, RBI paid a cash dividend of $0.58 per RBI common share. Partnership made a distribution to RBI as holder of Class A common units in the amount of the aggregate dividends declared and paid by RBI on RBI common shares and also made a distribution of $0.58 in respect of each Partnership exchangeable unit.
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The RBI board of directors has declared a cash dividend of $0.58 per RBI common share, which will be paid on October 4, 2024 to RBI common shareholders of record on September 20, 2024. Partnership will make a distribution to RBI as holder of Class A common units in the amount of the aggregate dividends declared and paid by RBI on RBI common shares. Partnership will also make a distribution in respect of each Partnership exchangeable unit in the amount of $0.58 per Partnership exchangeable unit, and the record date and payment date for such distribution will be the same as the record date and payment date for the cash dividend per RBI common share set forth above.
In addition, because we are a holding company, our ability to pay cash distributions on our Partnership exchangeable units may be limited by restrictions under our debt agreements.
Outstanding Security Data
As of August 1, 2024, we had outstanding 202,027,241 Class A common units issued to RBI and 133,576,590 Partnership exchangeable units. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, Partnership exchanged 16,620 Partnership exchangeable units pursuant to exchange notices received.
One special voting share of RBI is held by a trustee, entitling the trustee to that number of votes on matters on which holders of RBI common shares are entitled to vote equal to the number of Partnership exchangeable units outstanding. The trustee is required to cast such votes in accordance with voting instructions provided by holders of Partnership exchangeable units. At any shareholder meeting of RBI, holders of RBI common shares vote together as a single class with the special voting share except as otherwise provided by law. For information on RBI's share-based compensation and its outstanding equity awards, see Note 13 to the audited consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the U.S Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 22, 2024.
Holders of Partnership exchangeable units have the right to require Partnership to exchange all or any portion of such holder’s Partnership exchangeable units for RBI common shares at a ratio of one share for each Partnership exchangeable unit, subject to RBI’s right as the general partner of Partnership to determine to settle any such exchange for a cash payment in lieu of RBI common shares.
Comparative Cash Flows
Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities was $482 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to $487 million during the same period in the prior year. The decrease in cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by an increase in cash used for working capital, an increase in income tax payments and an increase in interest payments, partially offset by an increase in segment income in TH, BK, PLK, INTL and FHS and the inclusion of RH segment income.
Investing Activities
Cash used for investing activities was $559 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to $8 million during the same period in the prior year. This change was primarily driven by the Carrols Acquisition, payments for the acquisition of Non-Carrols restaurants from franchisees and an increase in capital expenditures.
Financing Activities
Cash used for financing activities was $112 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to $448 million during the same period in the prior year. The change in cash used for financing activities was driven primarily by an increase in proceeds from long-term debt, partially offset by an increase in repayments of long-term debt, including debt assumed in the Carrols Acquisition, and the current year payment of financing costs.
Contractual Obligations
There have been no significant changes to our contractual obligations as disclosed in our 2023 Annual Report filed on Form 10-K except as described herein and in Note 4 – Carrols Acquisition in the notes to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
For information regarding our Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates, see the “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” section of “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 22, 2024.
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New Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 3 – New Accounting Pronouncements in the notes to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
There were no material changes during the six months ended June 30, 2024 to the disclosures made in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the SEC and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 22, 2024.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
An evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of management of RBI, as the general partner of Partnership, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) of RBI, of the effectiveness of Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and Exchange Act Rules 15d-15(e)) as of June 30, 2024. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO of RBI concluded that Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date.
Changes in Internal Controls
We are in the process of integrating Carrols into our overall internal control over financial reporting processes.
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The management of RBI, as general partner of Partnership, including the CEO and CFO, confirm there were no changes in Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended June 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting, other than the integration of Carrols as described above.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain information contained in this report, including information regarding future financial performance and plans, targets, aspirations, expectations, and objectives of management, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and forward-looking information within the meaning of Canadian securities laws. We refer to all of these as forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are forward-looking in nature and, accordingly, are subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements can generally be identified by the use of words such as “believe”, “anticipate”, “expect”, “intend”, “estimate”, “plan”, “continue”, “will”, “may”, “could”, “would”, “target”, “potential” and other similar expressions and include, without limitation, statements regarding our expectations or beliefs regarding (i) the effects and continued impact of the conflict in the Middle East and related macro-economic pressures, such as inflation, rising interest rates and currency fluctuations on our results of operations, business, liquidity, prospects and restaurant operations and those of our franchisees; (ii) our expectation regarding additional investments in Burger King restaurants acquired as part of the Carrols Acquisition; (iii) our future financial obligations, including annual debt service requirements, capital expenditures and distribution payments, our ability to meet such obligations and the source of funds used to satisfy such obligations; (iv) our exposure to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and the consumer environment and the impact of changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and the consumer environment on the amount of our interest payments, future results of operations and future cash flows; (v) certain tax matters, including our estimates with respect to tax matters and their impact on future periods; (vi) the amount of net cash settlements we expect to pay or receive on our derivative instruments and (vii) certain accounting matters.
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Our forward-looking statements, included in this report and elsewhere, represent management’s expectations as of the date that they are made. Our forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and analyses made by Partnership in light of its experience and its perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors it believes are appropriate in the circumstances. However, these forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties and actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements. Important factors that could cause actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements include, among other things, risks related to: (1) our substantial indebtedness, which could adversely affect our financial condition and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations; (2) global economic or other business conditions that may affect the desire or ability of our customers to purchase our products, such as inflationary pressures, high unemployment levels, declines in median income growth, consumer confidence and consumer discretionary spending and changes in consumer perceptions of dietary health and food safety; (3) our relationship with, and the success of, our franchisees and risks related to our nearly fully franchised business model; (4) our franchisees' financial stability and their ability to access and maintain the liquidity necessary to operate their businesses; (5) our supply chain operations; (6) our ownership and leasing of real estate; (7) the effectiveness of our marketing, advertising and digital programs and franchisee support of these programs; (8) significant and rapid fluctuations in interest rates and in the currency exchange markets and the effectiveness of our hedging activity; (9) our ability to successfully implement our domestic and international growth strategy for each of our brands and risks related to our international operations; (10) our reliance on franchisees, including subfranchisees to accelerate restaurant growth; (11) unforeseen events such as pandemics; (12) the ability of the counterparties to our credit facilities’ and derivatives’ to fulfill their commitments and/or obligations; (13) changes in applicable tax laws or interpretations thereof, and our ability to accurately interpret and predict the impact of such changes or interpretations on our financial condition and results; (14) evolving legislation and regulations in the area of franchise and labor and employment law; (15) our ability to address environmental and social sustainability issues; (16) the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and the conflict in the Middle East and (17) softening in the consumer environment.
We operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment and our inability to successfully manage any of the above risks may permit our competitors to increase their market share and may decrease our profitability. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.
Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance or achievements. Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Finally, our future results will depend upon various other risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those detailed in Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the SEC and Canadian securities regulatory authorities on February 22, 2024, as well as other materials that we from time to time file with, or furnish to, the SEC or file with Canadian securities regulatory authorities. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements in this section and elsewhere in this report. Other than as required under securities laws, we do not assume a duty to update these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, subsequent events or circumstances, changes in expectations or otherwise.


Part II – Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
See Part I, Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 16, Commitments and Contingencies.
Item 5. Other Information
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, no director or officer of RBI adopted or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.
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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit
Number
  Description
  
  
  
  
101.INS XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104Cover Page Interactive File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

  RESTAURANT BRANDS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
  By: Restaurant Brands International Inc., its general partner
Date: August 8, 2024  By: /s/ Sami Siddiqui
   Name: Sami Siddiqui
   Title: Chief Financial Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc.
(principal financial officer)
(duly authorized officer)
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Joshua Kobza, certify that:
 
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership;
2.Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;
b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ Joshua Kobza
Joshua Kobza
Chief Executive Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., the Registrant’s sole general partner
Dated: August 8, 2024



Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Sami Siddiqui, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership;
2.Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;
b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
 
/s/ Sami Siddiqui
Sami Siddiqui
Chief Financial Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., the Registrant’s sole general partner
Dated: August 8, 2024



Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership (the “Partnership”) for the quarter ended June 30, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Joshua Kobza, Chief Executive Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Partnership.
/s/ Joshua Kobza
Joshua Kobza
Chief Executive Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., the Registrant’s sole general partner
Dated: August 8, 2024



Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Restaurant Brands International Limited Partnership (the “Partnership”) for the quarter ended June 30, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Sami Siddiqui, Chief Financial Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:
1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Partnership.
 
/s/ Sami Siddiqui
Sami Siddiqui
Chief Financial Officer of Restaurant Brands International Inc., the Registrant’s sole general partner
Date: August 8, 2024