UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
For the transition period from ____ to ____	
Commission file number 001-37363

Enviva Inc.	
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)	

Delaware		46-4097730	
(State or other jurisdiction		(I.R.S. Employer	
of incorporation or organization)		Identification No.)	

7272 Wisconsin Ave.	Suite 1800			
Bethesda,	MD		20814	
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip code)	

(301)	657-5560	
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)	

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:	
Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered	
Common Stock	EVA	New York Stock Exchange	

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	 ☒		Accelerated filer	☐	
Non-accelerated filer	 ☐		Smaller reporting company	☐	
		 	Emerging growth company	☐	
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of April 29, 2022, 66,561,472 shares of common stock were outstanding.

	

Table of Contents
ENVIVA INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10‑Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward‑Looking Statements 	1	
Glossary of Terms 	3	
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION	4	
Item 1. 		Financial Statements (unaudited)	4	
		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	4	
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	5	
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss	6	
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity	7	
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	8	
		Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	10	
Item 2. 		Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20	
Item 3. 		Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	29	
Item 4. 		Controls and Procedures	29	
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION	30	
Item 1. 		Legal Proceedings	30	
Item 1A. 		Risk Factors	30	
Item 6. 		Exhibits	30	
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD‑LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements and information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q (this “Quarterly Report”) may constitute “forward-looking statements.” The words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “intend,” “foresee,” “should,” “would,” “could,” or other similar expressions are intended to identify forward‑looking statements, which are generally not historical in nature. These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effect on us. Although management believes that these forward-looking statements are reasonable as and when made, there can be no assurance that future developments affecting us will be those that we anticipate. All comments concerning our expectations for future revenues and operating results are based on our forecasts of our existing operations and do not include the potential impact of any future acquisitions. Our forward-looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in our historical experience and our present expectations or projections. Factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those summarized below:
•the volume and quality of products that we are able to produce or source and sell, which could be adversely affected by, among other things, operating or technical difficulties at our wood pellet production plants or deep-water marine terminals;
•the prices at which we are able to sell our products;
•failure of our customers, vendors, and shipping partners to pay or perform their contractual obligations to us;
•our inability to successfully execute our project development, capacity expansion, and new facility construction activities on time and within budget;
•the creditworthiness of our contract counterparties;
•the amount of low-cost wood fiber that we are able to procure and process, which could be adversely affected by, among other things, disruptions in supply or operating or financial difficulties suffered by our suppliers;
•our ability to successfully negotiate, complete, and integrate third-party acquisitions, or to realize the anticipated benefits of such acquisitions;
•changes in the price and availability of natural gas, coal, diesel, oil, gasoline, or other sources of energy;
•changes in prevailing economic and market conditions;
•inclement or hazardous environmental conditions, including extreme precipitation, temperatures, and flooding;
•fires, explosions, or other accidents;
•changes in domestic and foreign laws and regulations (or the interpretation thereof) related to renewable or low-carbon energy, the forestry products industry, the international shipping industry, or power, heat, or combined heat and power generators;
•changes in domestic and foreign tax laws and regulations affecting the taxation of our business, and investors;
•changes in the regulatory treatment of biomass in core and emerging markets;
•our inability to acquire or maintain necessary permits or rights for our production, transportation, or terminaling operations;
•changes in the price and availability of transportation;
•changes in foreign currency exchange or interest rates and the failure of our hedging arrangements to effectively reduce our exposure to related risks;
•risks related to our indebtedness, including the levels, and maturity date of such indebtedness;
•our failure to maintain effective quality control systems at our wood pellet production plants and deep-water marine terminals, which could lead to the rejection of our products by our customers;
•changes in the quality specifications for our products required by our customers;
•labor disputes, unionization, or similar collective actions;
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•our inability to hire, train, or retain qualified personnel to manage and operate our business and newly acquired assets;
•the possibility of cyber and malware attacks;
•our inability to borrow funds and access capital markets; and
•viral contagions or pandemic diseases, such as COVID-19.
Please read the risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 and the risk factors included herein in Item 1A. Risk Factors. All forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements.
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any such statements after the date they are made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS
biomass: any organic biological material derived from living organisms that stores energy from the sun.
co-fire: the combustion of two different types of materials at the same time. For example, biomass is sometimes fired in combination with coal in existing coal plants.
cost pass-through mechanism: a provision in commercial contracts that passes costs through to the purchaser.
metric ton: one metric ton, which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms and 1.1023 short tons.
nameplate: the intended full-load sustained maximum rated output of production.
off-take contract: an agreement concerning the purchase and sale of a certain volume of future production of a given resource such as wood pellets.
utility-grade wood pellets: wood pellets meeting minimum requirements generally specified by industrial consumers and produced and sold in sufficient quantities to satisfy industrial‑scale consumption.
wood fiber: cellulosic elements that are extracted from trees and used to make various materials, including paper. In North America, wood fiber is primarily extracted from hardwood (deciduous) trees and softwood (coniferous) trees.
wood pellets: energy-dense, low-moisture, and uniformly sized units of wood fuel produced from processing various wood resources or byproducts.
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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

ENVIVA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except par value and number of shares)

	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021	
	(Unaudited)			
Assets				
Current assets:				
Cash and cash equivalents	$	5,172 			$	16,801 		
Restricted cash	156 			1,717 		
Accounts receivable	80,735 			97,439 		
Other accounts receivable	8,109 			17,826 		
Inventories	66,135 			57,717 		
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	8,138 			7,230 		
Total current assets	168,445 			198,730 		
Property, plant, and equipment, net	1,536,428 			1,498,197 		
Operating lease right-of-use assets	106,596 			108,846 		
Goodwill	103,928 			103,928 		
Other long-term assets	13,615 			14,446 		
Total assets	$	1,929,012 			$	1,924,147 		
Liabilities and Equity				
Current liabilities:				
Accounts payable	$	21,919 			$	29,535 		
Accrued and other current liabilities	138,552 			163,306 		
Current portion of interest payable	12,609 			25,060 		
Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations	39,315 			39,105 		

Total current liabilities	212,395 			257,006 		
Long-term debt and finance lease obligations	1,058,246 			1,232,441 		
Long-term operating lease liabilities	120,156 			122,252 		
Deferred tax liabilities, net	35 			36 		
Other long-term liabilities	36,911 			41,748 		
Total liabilities	1,427,743 			1,653,483 		
Commitments and contingencies				
Equity:				
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021	— 			— 		
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized, 66,559,148 and 61,137,744 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	67 			61 		
Additional paid-in capital	593,936 			317,998 		
Accumulated deficit	(45,307)			— 		
Accumulated other comprehensive income	267 			299 		
Total Enviva Inc.'s equity	548,963 			318,358 		
Noncontrolling interests	(47,694)			(47,694)		
Total equity	501,269 			270,664 		
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,929,012 			$	1,924,147 		
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ENVIVA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except shares or units, per share or per unit amounts)
(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,	
	2022		2021 (Recast)	
Product sales	$	230,912 			$	224,530 		
Other revenue	2,070 			17,091 		
Net revenue	232,982 			241,621 		
Operating costs and expenses:				
Cost of goods sold, excluding items below	211,036 			197,702 		
Loss on disposal of assets	901 			1,644 		
Selling, general, administrative, and development expenses	33,691 			31,342 		
Depreciation and amortization	22,559 			21,521 		
Total operating costs and expenses	268,187 			252,209 		
Loss from operations	(35,205)			(10,588)		
Other (expense) income:				
Interest expense	(9,970)			(13,377)		
Other (expense) income, net	(116)			109 		
Total other expense, net	(10,086)			(13,268)		
Net loss before income tax expense (benefit)	(45,291)			(23,856)		
Income tax expense (benefit)	16 			(681)		
Net loss	(45,307)			(23,175)		
Less net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests	— 			7,304 		
Net loss attributable to Enviva Inc.	$	(45,307)			$	(15,871)		
Net loss per Enviva Inc. common share or unit:(1)				
Basic and diluted	$	(0.71)			$	(0.99)		
	
Weighted-average number of shares or units outstanding:				
Basic and diluted	65,028 			16,000 		
	
(1) Effective December 31, 2021, units were converted into shares due to the Company’s conversion from a partnership to a corporation.
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ENVIVA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,	
	2022		2021 (Recast)	
Net loss	$	(45,307)			$	(23,175)		
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax of $0:				
Currency translation adjustment	(32)			15 		
Total comprehensive loss	(45,339)			(23,160)		
Less comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests	— 			7,304 		
Comprehensive loss attributable to Enviva Inc.	$	(45,339)			$	(15,856)		
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ENVIVA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(In thousands, except per share amounts and Series B Units)
(Unaudited)

																																													
	Common Shares		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Equity Attributable to Enviva Inc.		Noncontrolling
Interests 		Total Equity	
															
	Shares	Amount													
Equity, December 31, 2021	61,138 		$	61 			$	317,998 			$	— 			$	299 			$	318,358 			$	(47,694)			$	270,664 		
Issuance of common shares, net	4,945 		5 			333,186 			— 			— 			333,191 			— 			333,191 		
Dividends declared ($0.8600 per share)	— 		— 			(58,957)			— 			— 			(58,957)			— 			(58,957)		
Common shares issued in lieu of dividends	110 		— 			7,839 			— 			— 			7,839 			— 			7,839 		
Payments for withholding tax and number of units issued associated with Long-Term Incentive Plan vesting	366 		1 			(16,365)			— 			— 			(16,364)			— 			(16,364)		
Non-cash equity-based compensation and other expense	— 		— 			10,235 			— 			— 			10,235 			— 			10,235 		
	
Other comprehensive loss	— 		— 			— 			— 			(32)			(32)			— 			(32)		
Net loss	— 		— 			— 			(45,307)			— 			(45,307)			— 			(45,307)		
	
Equity, March 31, 2022	66,559 		$	67 			$	593,936 			$	(45,307)			$	267 			$	548,963 			$	(47,694)			$	501,269 		

																																				
	Series A		Series B							
	Units	Amount		Units	Amount		Equity Attributable to Enviva Inc.		Noncontrolling Interests		Total Equity	
Equity, December 31, 2020	784,980 		$	(92,703)			2,500 		$	13,865 			$	(78,838)			$	488,498 			$	409,660 		
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest	— 		(45,317)			— 		— 			(45,317)			(108,031)			(153,348)		
Cash distributions	— 		— 			— 		— 			— 			(22,238)			(22,238)		
Non-cash equity-based compensation and other expense, net of payments for withholding tax associated with Long-Term Incentive Plan vesting	— 		— 			— 		2,404 			2,404 			(3,294)			(890)		
Contribution of assets	— 		— 			— 		— 			— 			389 			389 		
Other comprehensive income	— 		8 			— 		— 			8 			7 			15 		
Net loss	— 		(15,871)			— 		— 			(15,871)			(7,304)			(23,175)		
Equity, March 31, 2021	784,980 		$	(153,883)			2,500 		$	16,269 			(137,614)			$	348,027 			$	210,413 		
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ENVIVA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,	
	2022		2021 (Recast)	
Cash flows from operating activities:	 		 	
Net loss	$	(45,307)			$	(23,175)		
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:				
Depreciation and amortization	22,559 			21,521 		
Amortization of debt issuance costs, debt premium, and original issue discounts	647 			742 		
Loss on disposal of assets	901 			1,644 		
Deferred taxes	— 			(700)		
Non-cash equity-based compensation and other expense	10,260 			7,688 		
Fair value changes in derivatives	(1,485)			166 		
Unrealized loss on foreign currency transactions, net	98 			131 		
Change in operating assets and liabilities:				
Accounts and other receivables	26,328 			42,561 		
Prepaid expenses and other current and long-term assets	(426)			1,058 		
Inventories	(7,733)			(18,463)		
Derivatives	(125)			1,033 		
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and other current liabilities	(28,795)			(20,026)		
Related-party payables	— 			307 		
Deferred revenue	(144)			(4,818)		
Accrued interest	(12,451)			(6,730)		
Operating lease liabilities	(3,543)			(1,979)		
Other long-term liabilities	(3,707)			(2,529)		
Net cash used in operating activities	(42,923)			(1,569)		
Cash flows from investing activities:				
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment	(53,051)			(77,662)		
Payment for acquisition of a business	(5,000)			— 		
	
Net cash used in investing activities	(58,051)			(77,662)		
Cash flows from financing activities:				
Proceeds (principal payments) from (on) senior secured revolving credit facility, net	(172,000)			46,000 		

Proceeds from debt issuance	— 			321,750 		
	
Principal payments on other long-term debt and finance lease obligations	(4,839)			(4,457)		
Cash paid related to debt issuance costs and deferred offering costs	(591)			(6,305)		
Proceeds from issuance of Enviva Inc. common shares, net	333,615 			— 		
Payments for acquisition of noncontrolling interest in Development JV	— 			(130,143)		
	
Principal payments on related-party note payable	— 			(20,000)		

Cash dividends or distributions and equivalent rights	(52,037)			(22,354)		
Payment for withholding tax associated with Long-Term Incentive Plan vesting	(16,364)			(8,077)		
	
Net cash provided by financing activities	87,784 			176,414 		
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(13,190)			97,183 		
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	18,518 			67,675 		
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	5,328 			$	164,858 		
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ENVIVA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,	
	2022		2021 (Recast)	
Non-cash investing and financing activities:				
Property, plant, and equipment acquired included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	9,534 			$	3,449 		
Supplemental information:				
Interest paid, net of capitalized interest	$	21,612 			$	26,696 		
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ENVIVA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands, except number of shares or units, per share or per unit amounts, and unless otherwise noted)
(1) Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
Enviva Inc. supplies utility-grade wood pellets primarily to major power generators under long-term, take-or-pay off-take contracts. We procure wood fiber and process it into utility-grade wood pellets and load the finished wood pellets into railcars, trucks, and barges for transportation to deep-water marine terminals, where they are received, stored, and ultimately loaded onto oceangoing vessels for delivery under long-term, take-or-pay off-take contracts to our customers principally in the United Kingdom (the “U.K.”), the European Union (the “EU”), and Japan.
We own and operate ten industrial-scale wood pellet production plants located in the Southeastern United States. In addition to the volumes from our plants, we also procure wood pellets from third parties. Wood pellets are exported from our wholly owned deep-water marine terminal at the Port of Chesapeake, Virginia, terminal assets at the Port of Wilmington, North Carolina, and from third-party deep-water marine terminals in Mobile, Alabama, Panama City, Florida, and Savannah, Georgia under a short-term contract, a long-term contract, and a lease and associated terminal services agreement, respectively. We are commissioning a deep-water marine terminal at the Port of Pascagoula, Mississippi.
Basis of Presentation
The unaudited financial statements and notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments and accruals necessary for a fair presentation have been included. All such adjustments and accruals are of a normal and recurring nature unless disclosed otherwise. Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Enviva and its wholly owned subsidiaries and controlled subsidiaries, including a variable interest entity in which we are the primary beneficiary. As managing member, we have the sole power to direct the activities that most impact the economics of the variable interest entity. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The results reported in the financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be reported for the entire year.
The unaudited financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, which include the names of legal entities that are our subsidiaries and which also include defined terms used in the unaudited financial statements.
C-Corporation Conversion
Effective December 31, 2021, Enviva Partners, LP (the “Partnership”) converted from a Delaware limited partnership to a Delaware corporation (the “Conversion”) named “Enviva Inc.” The Partnership was a subsidiary of Enviva Holdings, LP (our “former sponsor” or “Holdings”). Enviva Partners GP, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of our former sponsor, was our former general partner (the “former GP”). References to “Enviva,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to (i) Enviva Inc. and its subsidiaries for the periods following the Conversion and (ii) the Partnership and its subsidiaries for periods prior to the Conversion, except where the context otherwise requires.
As a result of the Conversion, periods prior to December 31, 2021 reflect Enviva as a limited partnership, not a corporation. References to common units for periods prior to the Conversion refer to common units of the Partnership, and references to common stock for periods following the Conversion refer to shares of common stock of Enviva Inc. The primary financial impacts of the Conversion to the consolidated financial statements were (i) reclassification of partnership capital accounts to equity accounts reflective of a corporation and (ii) income tax effects. On the date of the Conversion, each common unit representing a limited partner interest in the Partnership issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Conversion was exchanged for one share of common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share.
Simplification Transaction
On October 14, 2021, the Partnership acquired our former sponsor and the former GP, and the incentive distribution rights held by our former sponsor were cancelled and eliminated (collectively, the “Simplification Transaction”) in exchange for 16.0 million common units, which were distributed to the owners of our former sponsor. The owners of our former sponsor agreed to reinvest in our common stock all dividends from 9.0 million of the 16.0 million common units issued in connection with the Simplification Transaction during the period beginning with dividends paid for the third quarter of 2021 through the fourth
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ENVIVA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(In thousands, except number of shares or units, per share or per unit amounts, and unless otherwise noted)
quarter of 2024. Under this dividend reinvestment plan, we issued 110,387 shares of common stock in lieu of cash dividends of $7.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

(2) Significant Accounting Policies
During interim periods, we follow the accounting policies disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, except as follows due to new facts and circumstances applicable to the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Non-Cash Equity-Based Compensation Expense
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the performance-based restricted stock awards granted vest dependent on the total shareholder return for Enviva Inc. relative to the constituents of the S&P 500 index over their respective performance periods. Their grant date fair values were determined using a Monte Carlo multivariate pricing model following standard assumptions.
Net Loss per Enviva Inc. Common Share
For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the net loss per Enviva Inc. common share was computed by dividing the net loss attributable to Enviva Inc., after reducing it by the amounts paid for dividend equivalent rights on outstanding time-based restricted stock awards, by the weighted-average number of outstanding Enviva Inc. common shares.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates, and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards not yet Adopted
Currently, there are no recently issued accounting standards not yet adopted by us that we expect to be reasonably likely to materially impact our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

(3) Transactions Between Entities Under Common Control
Recast of Historical Financial Statements
The Simplification Transaction was a business combination of entities under common control and net assets acquired were combined at their historical costs with a change in reporting entity. Accordingly, the condensed consolidated financial statements have been retroactively recast to reflect the Simplification Transaction as if the Simplification Transaction had occurred on March 18, 2010, the date Holdings was originally organized. While the Partnership was the surviving entity for legal purposes, Holdings is the surviving entity for accounting purposes. As a result, the historical financial results prior to the Simplification Transaction are those of Holdings. Prior to the Simplification Transaction, Holdings controlled the Partnership so the financial statements of the Partnership were consolidated into the financial statements of Holdings and the common units of the Partnership held by the public are reflected as a noncontrolling interest.
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ENVIVA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(In thousands, except number of shares or units, per share or per unit amounts, and unless otherwise noted)
The following table presents changes as a result of the Simplification Transaction for the common control entities acquired to previously reported amounts in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2021 included in Enviva’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021:

	As of March 31, 2021	
	As Reported		Common Control Entities Acquired		Total (Recast)	
Assets						
Current assets:						
Cash and cash equivalents	$	3,388 			$	159,909 			$	163,297 		
Restricted cash	— 			1,561 			1,561 		
Accounts receivable	83,257 			1 			83,258 		
Other accounts receivable	— 			13,401 			13,401 		
	
Inventories	59,947 			3,680 			63,627 		
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	15,028 			(7,833)			7,195 		
Total current assets	161,620 			170,719 			332,339 		
Property, plant, and equipment, net	1,090,489 			204,445 			1,294,934 		
Operating lease right-of-use assets	50,509 			58,990 			109,499 		
Goodwill	99,660 			— 			99,660 		
Other long-term assets	9,629 			1,614 			11,243 		
Total assets	$	1,411,907 			$	435,768 			$	1,847,675 		
Liabilities and Equity						
Current liabilities:						
Accounts payable	$	28,540 			$	10,338 			$	38,878 		
Related-party payables, net	10,986 			(10,986)			— 		
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities	79,637 			33,383 			113,020 		
Current portion of interest payable	11,706 			887 			12,593 		
Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations	12,446 			836 			13,282 		
Related-party note and interest payable	— 			23,379 			23,379 		
Deferred revenue	— 			37 			37 		
Total current liabilities	143,315 			57,874 			201,189 		
Long-term debt and finance lease obligations	955,347 			315,623 			1,270,970 		
Long-term operating lease liabilities	49,277 			62,381 			111,658 		
Deferred tax liabilities, net	13,199 			11,319 			24,518 		
Other long-term liabilities	13,011 			15,916 			28,927 		
Total liabilities	1,174,149 			463,113 			1,637,262 		
Commitments and contingencies						
Total equity	237,758 			(27,345)			210,413 		
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,411,907 			$	435,768 			$	1,847,675 		
The recast unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheet resulting from the Simplification Transaction separately presents “Other accounts receivable”, which included some amounts that had been previously reported as “Prepaid expenses and other current assets.”
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(In thousands, except number of shares or units, per share or per unit amounts, and unless otherwise noted)
The following tables present the changes as a result of the Simplification Transaction to previously reported amounts in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 included in Enviva’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021	
	As Reported		Common Control Entities Acquired		Total (Recast)	
Net revenue	$	241,044 			$	577 			$	241,621 		
Income (loss) from operations	11,039 			(21,627)			(10,588)		
Net loss	(1,465)			(21,710)			(23,175)		
Less net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests	(25)			7,329 			7,304 		
Net loss attributable to Enviva Inc.	(1,490)			(14,381)			(15,871)		
The following tables present the changes as a result of the Simplification Transaction to previously reported amounts in the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 included in Enviva’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021	
	As Reported		Common Control Entities Acquired		Total (Recast)	
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	37,713 			$	(39,282)			$	(1,569)		
Net cash used in investing activities	(37,142)			(40,520)			(77,662)		
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(7,187)			183,601 			176,414 		
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	(6,616)			$	103,799 			$	97,183 		

(4) Revenue
We disaggregate our revenue into two categories: product sales and other revenue. Product sales includes sales of wood pellets. Other revenue includes fees associated with customer requests to cancel, defer, or accelerate shipments in satisfaction of the related performance obligation and third party terminal services fees. These categories best reflect the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows.
Performance Obligations
As of March 31, 2022, the aggregate amount of consideration from contracts with customers allocated to the performance obligations that were unsatisfied or partially satisfied was approximately $19.9 billion. This amount excludes forward prices related to variable consideration including inflation, foreign currency, and commodity prices. Also, this amount excludes the effects of the related foreign currency derivative contracts as they do not represent contracts with customers. We expect to recognize approximately 6.0% of our remaining performance obligations during the remainder of 2022, an additional 7.0% in 2023, and the balance thereafter. Our off-take contracts expire at various times through 2045 and our terminal services contract expires in 2023.
Variable Consideration
Variable consideration from off-take contracts arises from several pricing features in our off-take contracts, pursuant to which such contract pricing may be adjusted in respect of particular shipments to reflect differences between certain contractual quality specifications of the wood pellets as measured both when the wood pellets are loaded onto ships and unloaded at the discharge port as well as certain other contractual adjustments.
Variable consideration from our terminal services contract arises from price increases based on agreed inflation indices and from above-minimum throughput quantities or services. There was no variable consideration from our terminal services contract for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(In thousands, except number of shares or units, per share or per unit amounts, and unless otherwise noted)
For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, we recognized $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of product sales revenue related to performance obligations satisfied in previous periods.
Contract Balances
Accounts receivable related to product sales as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were $75.3 million and $91.3 million, respectively. Of these amounts, $52.2 million and $61.3 million, as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 respectively, related to amounts that were not yet billable under our contracts with customers pending finalization of prerequisite billing documentation. The amounts that had not been billed are billed upon receipt of prerequisite billing documentation, where substantially all is typically billed one to two weeks after full loading of the vessel, and where the remaining balance is typically billed one to two weeks after discharge of the vessel. Accounts receivable also include $5.4 million and $6.1 million, as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 respectively, related to distribution costs recoverable from the customer through the cost pass-through mechanism where the costs and their recovery are included in cost of goods sold.
As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had no deferred revenue for future performance obligations under contracts associated with off-take contracts.

(5) Significant Risks and Uncertainties, Including Business and Credit Concentrations
Our business is significantly impacted by greenhouse gas emission and renewable energy legislation and regulations in the U.K., the EU as well as its member states, and Japan. If the U.K., the EU or its member states or Japan significantly modify such legislation or regulations, then our ability to enter into new contracts as our existing contracts expire may be materially affected.
Our product sales are primarily to industrial customers located in the U.K., Denmark, Japan, Belgium, and the Netherlands. Product sales to third-party customers that accounted for 10% or a greater share of consolidated product sales are as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,	
	2022		2021 (Recast)	
Customer A	22 	%		29 	%	
	
Customer C	18 	%		16 	%	
Customer D	15 	%		19 	%	
Customer E	19 	%		16 	%	

(6) Inventories
Inventories consisted of the following as of:

	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021	
Raw materials and work-in-process	$	24,526 			$	21,995 		
Consumable tooling	24,783 			22,952 		
Finished goods	16,826 			12,770 		
Total inventories	$	66,135 			$	57,717 		
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(In thousands, except number of shares or units, per share or per unit amounts, and unless otherwise noted)
(7) Property, Plant, and Equipment, net
Property, plant, and equipment, net consisted of the following as of:

	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021	
Land	$	26,426 			$	26,414 		
Land improvements	89,334 			61,850 		
Buildings	342,308 			321,577 		
Machinery and equipment	1,078,639 			859,115 		
Vehicles	8,330 			8,318 		
Furniture and office equipment	25,402 			24,840 		
Leasehold improvements	22,080 			22,101 		
Property, plant, and equipment	1,592,519 			1,324,215 		
Less accumulated depreciation	(419,066)			(395,618)		
Property, plant, and equipment, net	1,173,453 			928,597 		
Construction in progress	362,975 			569,600 		
Total property, plant, and equipment, net	$	1,536,428 			$	1,498,197 		
Total depreciation expense and capitalized interest related to construction in progress were as follows:

		Three Months Ended March 31,	
		2022		2021 (Recast)	
Depreciation expense		$	22,725 			$	21,687 		
Capitalized interest related to construction in progress		5,850 			4,090 		

(8) Derivative Instruments
We use derivative instruments to partially offset our business exposure to foreign currency exchange risk from expected future cash flows and interest rate risk resulting from certain borrowings. Although the preponderance of our off-take contracts and shipping contracts are U.S. Dollar-denominated, we are exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates related to a minority of our off-take contracts that require future deliveries of wood pellets to be settled in British Pound Sterling (“GBP”) and Euro (“EUR”) and a minority of our shipping contracts that require freight rates to be settled in GBP.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we also entered into a bunker fuel oil swap to offset our business exposure to bunker fuel oil prices.
We seek to mitigate the credit risk associated with derivative instruments by limiting our counterparties to major financial institutions. Although we monitor the potential risk of loss due to credit risk, we do not expect material losses as a result of defaults by counterparties. We use derivative instruments to manage cash flow and do not enter into derivative instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
We have entered and may continue to enter into foreign currency forward contracts, purchased option contracts, or other instruments to partially manage this risk. We record the changes in the fair value of foreign currency derivatives as product sales or cost of goods sold depending on the nature of the item being hedged.
We entered into pay-fixed, receive-variable interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate risk associated with our variable rate borrowings under our senior secured revolving credit facility that were not designated and accounted for as cash flow hedges. The interest rate swaps expired in September 2021.
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(In thousands, except number of shares or units, per share or per unit amounts, and unless otherwise noted)
Our derivative instruments are classified as Level 2 assets or liabilities based on inputs such as forward foreign exchange rates. The fair value of derivative instruments was as follows as of:

		Asset (Liability)	
	Balance Sheet Classification	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021	
Not designated as hedging instruments:					
Foreign currency exchange contracts:					
	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	309 			$	321 		
	Other long-term assets	123 			309 		
	Accrued and other current liabilities	(484)			(1,456)		
	Other long-term liabilities	(165)			(1,001)		
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments		$	(217)			$	(1,827)		
Net unrealized and net realized gains and (losses) recorded to earnings were as follows:

						Three Months Ended March 31,	
Classification		Derivative Instrument				2022		2021 (Recast)	
Product sales		Foreign currency derivatives		Unrealized		$	1,610 			$	(1,160)		
Product sales		Foreign currency derivatives		Realized		125 			(995)		
Interest expense		Interest rate swap		Unrealized		— 			36 		
We enter into master netting arrangements designed to permit net settlement of derivative transactions among the respective counterparties. If we had settled all transactions with our respective counterparties at March 31, 2022, we would have paid a net settlement termination payment of $0.2 million, which differs insignificantly from the recorded fair value of the derivatives. We present our derivative assets and liabilities at their gross fair values.
The notional amounts of outstanding derivative instruments associated with outstanding or unsettled derivative instruments were as follows as of:

	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021	
Foreign exchange forward contracts in GBP	£	72,875 			£	57,500 		
Foreign exchange purchased option contracts in GBP	£	7,400 			£	7,275 		
Foreign exchange forward contracts in EUR	€	5,350 			€	11,000 		
Bunker fuel oil swap in MT	11,550 			— 		

(9) Accrued and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued and other current liabilities consisted of the following as of:

	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021	
Accrued expenses - compensation and benefits	$	17,959 			$	22,758 		
Accrued expenses - wood pellet purchases and distribution costs	19,589 			34,819 		
Accrued expenses - operating costs and expenses	55,100 			55,463 		
Accrued capital expenditures	24,930 			21,791 		
Other accrued expenses and other current liabilities	20,974 			28,475 		
Accrued and other current liabilities	$	138,552 			$	163,306 		
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(In thousands, except number of shares or units, per share or per unit amounts, and unless otherwise noted)
(10) Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations
Long-term debt and finance lease obligations at carrying value consisted of the following as of:
												
	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021	
2026 Notes, net of unamortized discount, premium, and debt issuance of $2.5 million and $2.6 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	$	747,538 			$	747,399 		
Senior secured revolving credit facility	294,000 			466,000 		
Seller Note, net of unamortized discount of $0.7 million and $1.1 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	34,291 			36,442 		
Other loans	3,177 			3,273 		
Finance leases	18,555 			18,432 		
Total long-term debt and finance lease obligations	1,097,561 			1,271,546 		
Less current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations	(39,315)			(39,105)		
Long-term debt and finance lease obligations, excluding current installments	$	1,058,246 			$	1,232,441 		
The estimated fair value of debt materially approximated the carrying amount at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
2026 Notes
As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with the covenants and restrictions associated with, and no events of default existed under, the indenture governing the 2026 Notes. The 2026 Notes are guaranteed jointly and severally on a senior unsecured basis by most of our existing subsidiaries and may be guaranteed by certain future restricted subsidiaries.
Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility
As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with all covenants and restrictions associated with, and no events of default existed under, our senior secured revolving credit facility. Our obligations under the senior secured revolving credit facility are guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries and secured by liens on substantially all of our assets; however, the senior secured revolving credit facility is not guaranteed by Enviva Wilmington Holdings, LLC or Enviva Pellets Epes, LLC, or secured by liens on their assets.
As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had $275.2 million and $99.8 million, respectively, available under our senior secured revolving credit facility, net of $0.8 million and $4.2 million, respectively, of letters of credit outstanding.

(11) Income Taxes
The Company’s provision for income taxes is based on the estimated annual effective tax rate, plus discrete items. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was 0.0% and 2.9%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was primarily due to the full valuation allowance against the net deferred tax asset. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was driven by the income taxes recorded for the corporate subsidiaries under the partnership structure.

(12) Equity
Issuance of Common Shares
In January 2022, we issued 4,945,000 shares of common stock at a price of $70.00 per share for total net proceeds of $333.2 million, after deducting $13.0 million of issuance costs. We used the net proceeds of $333.2 million to fund a portion of our capital expenditures relating to ongoing development projects and to repay borrowings under our senior secured revolving credit facility.
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(In thousands, except number of shares or units, per share or per unit amounts, and unless otherwise noted)
Cash Dividends and Distributions
The following table details cash dividends and distributions paid or declared:

Quarter Ended		Declaration Date		Record Date		Payment Date		Per Share or Unit(1)	
March 31, 2021		April 28, 2021		May 14, 2021		May 28, 2021		$	0.7850 		
June 30, 2021		July 27, 2021		August 13, 2021		August 27, 2021		$	0.8150 		
September 30, 2021		November 3, 2021		November 15, 2021		November 26, 2021		$	0.8400 		
December 31, 2021		February 2, 2022		February 14, 2022		February 25, 2022		$	0.8600 		
March 31, 2022		May 4, 2022		May 16, 2022		May 27, 2022		$	0.9050 		
(1)Prior to December 31, 2021, distributions were paid by the Partnership.

(13) Equity-Based Awards
Enviva Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”)
Affiliate Grants
The following table summarizes information regarding restricted stock unit awards (the “Affiliate Grants”) under the LTIP:

	Time-Based Restricted Stock Units		Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units		Total Affiliate Grant Restricted Stock Units	
	Units		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value (per unit)(1)		Units		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value (per unit)(1)		Units		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value (per unit)(1)	
Nonvested December 31, 2021	1,002,061 			$	40.82 			608,117 			$	38.56 			1,610,178 			$	39.97 		
Granted	216,117 			$	72.07 			115,293 			$	93.05 			331,410 			$	79.37 		
Forfeitures	(18,007)			$	48.12 			(8,937)			$	44.15 			(26,944)			$	46.80 		
Vested	(236,603)			$	30.16 			(158,637)			$	30.24 			(395,240)			$	30.19 		
Nonvested March 31, 2022	963,568 			$	50.31 			555,836 			$	52.14 			1,519,404 			$	50.98 		
(1) Determined by dividing the aggregate grant date fair value of awards by the number of units.
The unrecognized estimated non-cash equity-based compensation expense relating to outstanding Affiliate Grants as of March 31, 2022 was $60.1 million, which will be recognized over the remaining vesting period.
Director Grants
The following table summarizes information regarding restricted stock unit awards to independent directors of the Company under the LTIP:

	Time-Based Restricted Stock Units	
	Units		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value (per unit)(1)	
Nonvested December 31, 2021	14,234 			$	48.48 		
Granted	18,732 			$	72.07 		
Vested	(11,895)			$	48.35 		
Nonvested March 31, 2022	21,071 			$	69.52 		
(1) Determined by dividing the aggregate grant date fair value of awards by the number of units.
Restricted Shares
Certain employees previously received Series B units of our former sponsor that were intended to constitute “profits interests” as defined by the Internal Revenue Service that, due to the Simplification Transaction, converted into common units of the Partnership. The common shares subject to restriction will have their restrictions released as follows: one-third on each of December 31, 2022, 2023, and 2024. The unrecognized estimated non-cash equity-based compensation and other expense
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(In thousands, except number of shares or units, per share or per unit amounts, and unless otherwise noted)
relating to outstanding common shares subject to restriction as of March 31, 2022 was $43.3 million, which will be recognized over the remaining vesting period.

(14) Net Loss per Enviva Inc. Common Share
Net loss per basic and diluted Enviva Inc. common share is computed as follows:
						
	Three Months Ended	
	March 31, 2022	
Net loss attributable to Enviva Inc.	$	(45,307)		
Dividend equivalent rights paid on time-based restricted stock units	(962)		
Net loss attributable to Enviva Inc. common stockholders	$	(46,269)		
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic and diluted	65,028	
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted	$	(0.71)		
As Holdings was the surviving entity for accounting purposes, the historical financial results prior to the Simplification Transaction are those of Holdings. Given that and the recapitalization, the number of outstanding units for the portion of 2021 prior to the Simplification Transaction constitutes the 16.0 million units issued to the owners of the former sponsor.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
On December 31, 2021, Enviva Partners, LP (the “Partnership”) converted from a Delaware limited partnership to a Delaware corporation (the “Conversion”) named “Enviva Inc.” References to “Enviva,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to (i) Enviva Inc. and its subsidiaries for the periods following the Conversion and (ii) the Partnership and its subsidiaries for periods prior to the Conversion, except where the context otherwise requires. References to common units for periods prior to the Conversion refer to common units of the Partnership, and references to common stock for periods following the Conversion refer to shares of common stock of Enviva Inc. As a result of the Conversion, the primary financial impact to the consolidated financial statements contained herein consisted of (i) reclassification of partnership capital accounts to equity accounts reflective of a corporation and (ii) income tax effects.
References to “our former sponsor” or “Holdings” refer to Enviva Holdings, LP, and, where applicable, its wholly owned subsidiaries Enviva MLP Holdco, LLC and Enviva Development Holdings, LLC. References to “our former GP” refer to Enviva Partners GP, LLC, formerly a wholly owned subsidiary of Holdings.
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Our 2021 Form 10-K contains a discussion of other matters not included herein, such as disclosures regarding critical accounting policies and estimates. You should also read the following discussion and analysis together with the risk factors set forth in the 2021 Form 10-K, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and the factors described under “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information” and Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for information regarding certain risks inherent in our business.

Basis of Presentation
The following discussion about matters affecting the financial condition and results of operations of the Company should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this report and the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes that are included in the 2021 Form 10-K. Among other things, those financial statements and the related notes include more detailed information regarding the basis of presentation for the following information.
C-Corporation Conversion
We converted from a Delaware limited partnership to a Delaware corporation effective December 31, 2021; consequently, results for periods prior to December 31, 2021 reflect Enviva as a limited partnership, not a corporation. The primary financial impacts of the Conversion to the consolidated financial statements were (i) reclassification of partnership capital accounts to equity accounts reflective of a corporation and (ii) income tax effects. On the date of the Conversion, each common unit representing a limited partner interest in the Partnership issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Conversion was exchanged for one share of common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share.
Simplification Transaction
On October 14, 2021, the Partnership acquired our former sponsor and the former GP, and the incentive distribution rights held by our former sponsor were cancelled and eliminated (collectively, the “Simplification Transaction”) in exchange for 16.0 million common units, which were distributed to the owners of our former sponsor. In connection with the Simplification Transaction, we acquired certain assets under development, as well as off-take contracts in varying stages of negotiation. Additionally, our existing management services fee waivers (the “MSA Fee Waivers”) and other support agreements with our former sponsor were consolidated, fixed, and novated to certain owners of our former sponsor. Under the consolidated support agreement, we are entitled to receive quarterly payments (the “Support Payments”) in an aggregate amount of up to $55.5 million with respect to periods from the fourth quarter of 2021 through the first quarter of 2024. The consolidated financial statements have been retroactively recast to reflect the Simplification Transaction as if the Simplification Transaction occurred on March 18, 2010, the date on which Holdings was originally organized, instead of October 14, 2021, the closing date of the Simplification Transaction.

Business Overview
We develop, construct, acquire, and own and operate, fully contracted wood pellet production plants where we aggregate a natural resource, wood fiber, and process it into dry, densified, uniform pellets that can be effectively stored and transported around the world. We primarily sell our wood pellets through long-term, take-or-pay off-take contracts with creditworthy customers in the United Kingdom, the European Union, and Japan, who use our pellets to displace coal and other fossil fuels to generate renewable power and heat as part of their efforts to accelerate the energy transition from conventional energy
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generation to renewable energy generation. Increasingly, our customers are also using our pellets as renewable raw material inputs to decarbonize hard-to-abate sectors like steel, cement, lime, chemicals, and aviation fuels. Collectively, the wood pellets we produce are viewed by our customers as a critical component of their efforts to reduce life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions in their core energy generation or industrial manufacturing processes, and mitigate the impact of climate change.
We own and operate ten plants (collectively, “our plants”) with a combined production capacity of approximately 6.2 million metric tons (“MT”) of wood pellets per year (“MTPY”) in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Mississippi, the production of which is fully contracted, with many of our contracts extending well into the 2040s. We export our wood pellets to global markets through our deep-water marine terminal at the Port of Chesapeake, Virginia, terminal assets at the Port of Wilmington, North Carolina and the Port of Pascagoula, Mississippi, and from third-party deep-water marine terminals in Savannah, Georgia, Mobile, Alabama, and Panama City, Florida. All of our facilities are located in geographic regions with low input costs and favorable transportation logistics. Owning these cost-advantaged assets in a rapidly expanding industry provides us with a platform to generate stable and growing cash flows. Our plants are sited in robust fiber baskets providing stable pricing for the low-grade fiber used to produce wood pellets. Our raw materials are byproducts of traditional timber harvesting, principally low-value wood materials, such as trees generally not suited for sawmilling or other manufactured forest products, and tree tops and limbs, understory, brush, and slash that are generated in a harvest.
Our sales strategy is to fully contract the wood pellet production from our plants under long-term, take-or-pay off-take contracts with a diversified and creditworthy customer base. Our long-term off-take contracts typically provide for fixed-price deliveries that often include provisions that escalate the price over time and provide for other margin protection. During the first quarter of 2022, production capacity from our wood pellet production plants, together with wood pellets sourced from third parties, was approximately equal to the contracted volumes under our existing long-term, take-or-pay off-take contracts.
Our largest customers use our wood pellets as a substitute fuel for coal in dedicated biomass or co-fired coal power plants. Wood pellets serve as a suitable “drop-in” alternative to coal because of their comparable heat content, density, and form. Due to the uninterruptible nature of our customers’ fuel consumption, our customers require a reliable supply of wood pellets that meet stringent product specifications. We have built our operations and assets to deliver and certify the highest levels of product quality and our proven track record of reliable deliveries enables us to charge premium prices for this certainty. In addition to our customers’ focus on the reliability of supply, they are concerned about the combustion efficiency of the wood pellets and their safe handling. Because combustion efficiency is a function of energy density, particle size distribution, ash/inert content, and moisture, our customers require that we supply wood pellets meeting minimum criteria for a variety of specifications and, in some cases, provide incentives for exceeding our contract specifications.

Recent Developments
Product Sales Contracted Backlog
Our volumes under our firm and contingent long-term, take-or-pay off-take contracts, provide for a product sales backlog of $21.3 billion and have a total weighted-average remaining term of 14.5 years from April 1, 2022. This amount includes forward prices related to variable consideration including inflation, foreign currency, and commodity prices. Also, this amount includes the effects of the related foreign currency derivative contracts.
Issuance of Common Shares
In January 2022, we issued 4,945,000 shares of common stock at a price of $70.00 per share for total net proceeds of $333.2 million, after deducting $13.0 million of issuance costs. We intend to use the net proceeds of $333.2 million to fund a portion of our capital expenditures related to ongoing development projects. We initially used the net proceeds to repay borrowings under our senior secured revolving credit facility.

Factors Impacting Comparability of Our Financial Results
Omicron Variant of Novel Coronavirus
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Omicron variant of COVID-19 significantly impacted our operations and resulted in $15.2 million of incremental costs. Our contractors and supply chain partners experienced labor-related and other challenges associated with COVID-19 that had a more pronounced than anticipated impact on our operations and project execution schedule. In addition, the prevalence of the Omicron variant of COVID-19 and increased rates of infection across areas in which we operate affected the availability of healthy workers from time to time at our facilities and we experienced increased rates of absence in our hourly workforce as workers who contracted COVID-19 quarantined at home. These absences contributed to reduced facility availability and, in some cases, reduced aggregate production levels. For more information about the effects of COVID-19 on the three months ended March 31, 2022, please see below under “Results of Operations.”
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How We Evaluate Our Operations
Adjusted Net Income (Loss)
We define adjusted net income (loss) as net income (loss) excluding acquisition and integration costs and other, early retirement of debt obligation, effects of COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine, and Support Payments. We believe that adjusted net income (loss) enhances investors’ ability to compare the past financial performance of our underlying operations with our current performance separate from certain items of gain or loss that we characterize as unrepresentative of our ongoing operations.
Adjusted Gross Margin and Adjusted Gross Margin per Metric Ton
We define adjusted gross margin as gross margin excluding loss on disposal of assets, equity-based compensation and other expense, depreciation and amortization, changes in unrealized derivative instruments related to hedged items, acquisition and integration costs and other, effects of COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine, and Support Payments. We define adjusted gross margin per metric ton as adjusted gross margin per metric ton of wood pellets sold. We believe adjusted gross margin and adjusted gross margin per metric ton are meaningful measures because they compare our revenue-generating activities to our cost of goods sold for a view of profitability and performance on a total-dollar and a per-metric ton basis. Adjusted gross margin and adjusted gross margin per metric ton primarily will be affected by our ability to meet targeted production volumes and to control direct and indirect costs associated with procurement and delivery of wood fiber to our wood pellet production plants and our production and distribution of wood pellets.
Adjusted EBITDA
We define adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) excluding depreciation and amortization, interest expense, income tax expense (benefit), early retirement of debt obligation, equity-based compensation and other expense, loss on disposal of assets, changes in unrealized derivative instruments related to hedged items, acquisition and integration costs and other, effects of COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine, and MSA Fee Waivers and Support Payments. Adjusted EBITDA is a supplemental measure used by our management and other users of our financial statements, such as investors, commercial banks, and research analysts, to assess the financial performance of our assets without regard to financing methods or capital structure.
Distributable Cash Flow
We define distributable cash flow as adjusted EBITDA less cash income tax expenses, interest expense net of amortization of debt issuance costs, debt premium, and original issue discounts, and maintenance capital expenditures. We use distributable cash flow as a performance metric to compare our cash-generating performance from period to period and to compare the cash-generating performance for specific periods to the cash dividends (if any) that are expected to be paid to our shareholders. We do not rely on distributable cash flow as a liquidity measure.
2021 Non-Recast Presentation
The three months ended March 31, 2021 were calculated on a recast basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) to reflect the consolidated performance of Enviva and our former sponsor as if Enviva had bought the former sponsor at inception instead of October 14, 2021, the closing date of the Simplification Transaction. In addition, we are also presenting results for the three months ended March 31, 2021, calculated on a non-GAAP basis that combines (i) the actual performance of Enviva for the three months ended March 31, 2021 on a non-recast basis, and (ii) our consolidated performance, calculated on a recast basis in accordance with GAAP, inclusive of the assets and operations acquired as part of the Simplification Transaction, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 (the “Non-Recast Presentation”). We believe the Non-Recast Presentation provides investors with relevant information to evaluate our financial and operating performance because it reflects Enviva’s actual and historically reported performance on a stand-alone basis and on a consolidated basis for the three months ended March 31, 2021.
The Non-Recast Presentation does not reflect the recast of our historical results required under GAAP due to the Simplification Transaction and accordingly contains non-GAAP measures. Unless expressly stated otherwise, all results are presented on a recast basis.
Limitations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted net income (loss), adjusted gross margin, adjusted gross margin per metric ton, adjusted EBITDA, and distributable cash flow, as well as our Non-Recast Presentation, are not financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP. We believe that the presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures provides useful information to investors in assessing our financial condition and results of operations. Our non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered as alternatives to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. Each of these non-GAAP financial measures has important limitations
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as an analytical tool because they exclude some, but not all, items that affect the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. You should not consider adjusted net income (loss), adjusted gross margin, adjusted gross margin per metric ton, adjusted EBITDA, or distributable cash flow, or our Non-Recast Presentation, in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our results as reported in accordance with GAAP.
Our definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies, thereby diminishing their utility. Please see above for a reconciliation of the Non-Recast Presentation to the Recast Presentation and below for a reconciliation of each of adjusted net income (loss), adjusted gross margin and adjusted gross margin per metric ton, adjusted EBITDA, and distributable cash flow to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.

Results of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

	Three Months Ended March 31,		Change	
	2022		2021 (Recast)			
	(in thousands)	
Product sales	$	230,912 			$	224,530 			$	6,382 		
Other revenue	2,070 			17,091 			(15,021)		
Net revenue	232,982 			241,621 			(8,639)		
Cost of goods sold, excluding items below	211,036 			197,702 			13,334 		
Loss on disposal of assets	901 			1,644 			(743)		
Selling, general, administrative, and development expenses	33,691 			31,342 			2,349 		
Depreciation and amortization	22,559 			21,521 			1,038 		
Total operating costs and expenses	268,187 			252,209 			15,978 		
Loss from operations	(35,205)			(10,588)			(24,617)		
Interest expense	(9,970)			(13,377)			3,407 		
	
Other income, net	(116)			109 			(225)		
Net loss before income tax expense (benefit)	(45,291)			(23,856)			(21,435)		
Income tax expense (benefit)	16 			(681)			697 		
Net loss	$	(45,307)			$	(23,175)			$	(22,132)		
Net revenue
Revenue related to product sales for wood pellets produced or procured by us increased to $230.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022 from $224.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2021. The $6.4 million, or 3%, increase was primarily attributable to a 8% increase in average sale price per MT, partially offset by a 5% decrease in product sales volumes for the three months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease in product sales volumes was primarily due to less volumes procured from third parties during the three months ended March 31, 2022 than during the three months ended March 31, 2021, which were negatively impacted by the war in Ukraine. Product sales revenue from produced volumes was dampened as a result of labor-related and other challenges associated with COVID-19 experienced by our employees, contractors, and supply chain partners that, in some cases, resulted in curtailment of our operations that had a more pronounced than anticipated impact on our operations and project execution.
Other revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 included $0.8 million and $16.1 million, respectively, in payments to us for adjusting deliveries under our take-or-pay off-take contracts, which otherwise would have been included in product sales and which was recognized under a breakage model based on when the pellets would have been loaded.
Cost of goods sold
Cost of goods sold increased to $211.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 from $197.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, an increase of $13.3 million, or 7%. The increase in cost of goods sold was primarily a result of incremental fiber procurement and wood pellet distribution costs due to COVID-19 as well as the war in Ukraine. In addition, we experienced labor-related and other challenges associated with COVID-19 with our employees, contractors and supply chain partners that had a more pronounced than anticipated impact on our operations and project execution.
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Adjusted gross margin and adjusted gross margin per metric ton
																		
	Three Months Ended March 31,		Change	
	2022		2021 (Recast)			
	(in thousands, except per metric ton)	
Reconciliation of gross margin to adjusted gross margin and adjusted gross margin per metric ton:						
Gross margin(1)	$	(261)			$	21,820 			$	(22,081)		
Loss on disposal of assets	901 			1,644 			(743)		
Equity-based compensation and other expense	734 			568 			166 		
Depreciation and amortization	21,306 			20,456 			850 		
Changes in unrealized derivative instruments	(1,610)			1,160 			(2,770)		
	
Acquisition and integration costs and other	2,801 			— 			2,801 		
Effects of COVID-19	13,942 			— 			13,942 		
Effects of the war in Ukraine	5,051 			— 			5,051 		
Support Payments	7,849 			— 			7,849 		
	
Adjusted gross margin	$	50,713 			$	45,648 			$	5,065 		
Metric tons sold	1,096 			1,149 			(53)		
Adjusted gross margin per metric ton	$	46.27 			$	39.73 			$	6.54 		
(1)Gross margin is defined as net revenue less cost of goods sold (including related depreciation and amortization and loss on disposal of assets).
We earned adjusted gross margin of $50.7 million, or $46.27 per MT, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $45.6 million, or $39.73 per MT, for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in adjusted gross margin was primarily due to a 8% increase in average sale price per MT, partially offset by a 5% decrease in product sales volumes for the three months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021, offset by the increase in Support Payments.
The Omicron variant of COVID-19 significantly impacted our operations and resulted in $13.9 million of incremental costs during the three months ended March 31, 2022.
•The impact on our supply chain logistics within our fiber supply base as well as our truck and rail service providers was more pronounced than anticipated. Our third-party service providers’ failure to perform resulted in unprecedented incremental costs to procure raw materials and produce and deliver our wood pellets to customers.
•We incurred incremental costs related to increased employee overtime and significant contract labor to partially offset plant employee absenteeism.
•We incurred incremental costs related to obtaining short-term rentals of equipment due to delayed delivery of acquired equipment to ensure continued operations.
The war in Ukraine impacted our operations and resulted in $5.1 million of incremental costs during the three months ended March 31, 2022.
•Severe dislocations within our third-party shipping partners’ operations resulted in incremental distribution costs related to demurrage and to loading, transporting, and unloading our wood pellets.
•The immediate spike in energy prices negatively impacted the cost of our operations including incremental costs to support continued services from our third-party fiber suppliers and trucking service providers.
Due to the increased average sales price per ton and the reduction in sales volumes as described above and after excluding the aforementioned incremental costs of goods sold, adjusted gross margin increased during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.
Selling, general, administrative, and development expenses
Selling, general, administrative, and development expenses were $33.7 million and $31.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Selling, general, administrative, and development expenses include costs to develop new markets, corporate and other overhead expenses, and costs of developing new plants or ports (for those that have not yet met the capitalization threshold or costs that are not eligible for capitalization). Once the plant or port is placed in-
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service, the expenses of a plant or port are classified as cost of goods sold. The $2.3 million increase in total selling, general, administrative, and development expenses is primarily associated with the costs incurred at the production plant under construction in Lucedale, Mississippi and the terminal at the Port of Pascagoula, Mississippi, as well as non-cash equity-based compensation and other expense, which is mostly associated with the Simplification Transaction.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense were $22.6 million and $21.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Interest expense
We incurred $10.0 million and $13.4 million of interest expense during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The decrease in interest expense from the prior year was primarily attributable to less borrowings under the senior secured revolving credit facility during the three months ended March 31, 2022 due to the proceeds from the issuance of common stock in January 2022, as well as a lower cost of borrowing due to the senior secured green term loan facility not outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Income tax
We recorded an insignificant income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and $0.7 million of income tax benefit during the three months ended March 31, 2021.
Adjusted net loss

	Three Months Ended March 31,		Change	
	2022		2021 (Recast)			
	(in thousands)	
Reconciliation of net loss to adjusted net loss:						
Net loss	$	(45,307)			$	(23,175)			$	(22,132)		
Acquisition and integration costs and other	10,778 			157 			10,621 		
Effects of COVID-19	15,189 			— 			15,189 		
Effects of the war in Ukraine	5,051 			— 			5,051 		
Support Payments	7,849 			— 			7,849 		

	
Adjusted net loss	$	(6,440)			$	(23,018)			$	16,578 		
Adjusted EBITDA
																		
 	Three Months Ended March 31,		Change	
	2022		2021 (Recast)			
	(in thousands)	
Reconciliation of net loss to adjusted EBITDA:						
Net loss	$	(45,307)			$	(23,175)			$	(22,132)		
Add:						
Depreciation and amortization	22,559 			21,521 			1,038 		
Interest expense	9,970 			13,377 			(3,407)		
Income tax expense (benefit)	16 			(681)			697 		
	
Equity-based compensation and other expense	11,154 			7,688 			3,466 		
Loss on disposal of assets	901 			1,644 			(743)		
Changes in unrealized derivative instruments	(1,610)			1,160 			(2,770)		
Acquisition and integration costs and other	10,778 			157 			10,621 		
Effects of COVID-19	15,189 			— 			15,189 		
Effects of the war in Ukraine	5,051 			— 			5,051 		
Support Payments	7,849 			— 			7,849 		
	
Adjusted EBITDA	$	36,550 			$	21,691 			$	14,859 		
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We generated adjusted EBITDA of $36.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to $21.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The $14.9 million increase was primarily attributable to the factors described above under the heading “Adjusted gross margin and adjusted gross margin per metric ton.”
Distributable cash flow
The following is a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to distributable cash flow:
																		
	Three Months Ended March 31,		Change	
	2022		2021 (Recast)			
	(in thousands)	
Reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to distributable cash flow attributable to Enviva:						
Adjusted EBITDA	$	36,550 			$	21,691 			$	14,859 		
Less:						
Interest expense, net of amortization of debt issuance costs, debt premium, and original issue discount	9,322 			12,635 			(3,313)		
Maintenance capital expenditures	1,895 			3,904 			(2,009)		
Distributable cash flow attributable to Enviva Inc.	25,333 			5,152 			20,181 		
Less: Distributable cash flow attributable to incentive distribution rights	— 			8,322 			(8,322)		
Distributable cash flow attributable to Enviva Inc. or Enviva Partners, LP limited partners	$	25,333 			$	(3,170)			$	28,503 		
The following table presents a reconciliation of net loss to adjusted EBITDA and distributable cash flow for the three months ended March 31, 2021, on a recast basis and non-recast basis:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021	
	Recast		Adjustments		Non-Recast	
	(in millions)	
Net loss	$	(23.2)			$	21.7 			$	(1.5)		
Add:						
Depreciation and amortization	21.5 			(0.6)			20.9 		
Interest expense	13.4 			(0.8)			12.6 		
Income tax benefit	(0.7)			0.7 			— 		
	
Equity-based compensation and other expense	7.7 			(5.0)			2.7 		
Loss on disposal of assets	1.6 			— 			1.6 		
Changes in unrealized derivative instruments	1.2 			— 			1.2 		
Acquisition and integration costs and other	0.2 			(0.1)			0.1 		
MSA Fee Waivers	— 			8.7 			8.7 		
Adjusted EBITDA	21.7 			24.6 			46.3 		
Less:						
Interest expense, net of amortization of debt issuance costs, debt premium, and original issue discount	12.6 			(0.6)			12.0 		
Maintenance capital expenditures	3.9 			— 			3.9 		
Distributable cash flow	$	5.2 			$	25.2 			$	30.4 		
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The following is a reconciliation of net loss to adjusted EBITDA and distributable cash flow for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the three months ended March 31, 2021 on a non-recast basis:

	Three Months Ended March 31,			
	2022		2021		Change	
	(in millions)	
Net loss	$	(45.3)			$	(1.5)			$	(43.8)		
Add:						
Depreciation and amortization	22.6 			20.9 			1.7 		
Interest expense	10.0 			12.6 			(2.6)		

Equity-based compensation and other expense	11.2 			2.7 			8.5 		
Loss on disposal of assets	0.9 			1.6 			(0.7)		
Changes in unrealized derivative instruments	(1.6)			1.2 			(2.8)		
Acquisition and integration costs and other	10.8 			0.1 			10.7 		
Effects of COVID-19	15.2 			— 			15.2 		
Effects of the war in Ukraine	5.0 			— 			5.0 		
Support Payments and MSA Fee Waivers	7.8 			8.7 			(0.9)		
Adjusted EBITDA	36.6 			46.3 			(9.7)		
Less:						
Interest expense, net of amortization of debt issuance costs, debt premium, and original issue discount	9.3 			12.0 			(2.7)		
Maintenance capital expenditures	1.9 			3.9 			(2.0)		
Distributable cash flow	$	25.4 			$	30.4 			$	(5.0)		

Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
Our primary sources of liquidity include cash and cash equivalent balances, cash generated from operations, availability under our senior secured revolving credit facility and, from time to time, debt and equity offerings. Our primary liquidity needs are to fund working capital, service our debt, finance greenfield construction projects, growth initiatives, and maintenance capital expenditures, and pay dividends. We believe cash on hand, cash generated from our operations and the availability of our senior secured revolving credit facility will be sufficient to meet our primary liquidity requirements. However, future capital expenditures, such as expenditures made in relation to acquisitions of plants or terminals, plant development and/or plant expansion projects, and other cash requirements could be higher than we currently expect as a result of various factors. Additionally, our ability to generate sufficient cash from our operating activities depends on our future performance, which is subject to general economic, political, financial, competitive, and other factors beyond our control.
Our liquidity as of March 31, 2022, which included cash on hand and availability under our $570.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility, was $280.4 million.
Cash Dividends
We intend to pay cash dividends to holders of our common stock of $3.62 per common stock for 2022, except cash will not be paid on 9.0 million of the 16.0 million common units issued in connection with the Simplification Transaction where the former owners of our former sponsor have agreed to reinvest in our common stock all dividends paid for the period beginning with the third quarter of 2021 through the fourth quarter of 2024.
Capital Requirements
We operate in a capital-intensive industry, which requires significant investments to develop and construct new production and terminal facilities, and maintain and upgrade our existing facilities. Our capital requirements primarily have consisted, and we anticipate will continue to consist, of the following:
•Maintenance capital expenditures, which are cash expenditures incurred to maintain our long-term operating income or operating capacity. These expenditures typically include certain system integrity, compliance, and safety improvements; and
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•Growth capital expenditures, which are cash expenditures we expect will increase our operating income or operating capacity over the long term. Growth capital expenditures include acquisitions or construction of new capital assets or capital improvements such as additions to or improvements on our existing capital assets as well as projects intended to extend the useful life of assets.
The classification of capital expenditures as either maintenance or growth is made at the individual asset level during our budgeting process and as we approve, execute, and monitor our capital spending.
We plan to invest $255.0 million to $275.0 million in capital expenditures in 2022. Of that amount, we expect to invest (i) $210.0 million to $220.0 million primarily on the completion of the production plant under construction in Lucedale Mississippi and the terminal at the Port of Pascagoula, Mississippi, and the construction of the Epes plant, (ii) $30.0 million to $35.0 million primarily on the Multi-Plant Expansions, and (iii) $15.0 million to $20.0 million on maintenance capital expenditures.
Our current financing strategy is to fund acquisitions and construction activities with a combination of cash from operations and debt.

Cash Flows
The following table sets forth a summary of our net cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021:

	Three Months Ended March 31,	
	2022		2021 (Recast)	
	(in thousands)	
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(42,923)			$	(1,569)		
Net cash used in investing activities	(58,051)			(77,662)		
Net cash provided by financing activities	87,784 			176,414 		
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	(13,190)			$	97,183 		
Cash Used in Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $42.9 million and $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The $41.4 million increase in net cash used in operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 was primarily due to a decrease in cash from net loss adjusted for non-cash items of $20.3 million and a decrease in cash from changes in working capital of $21.0 million.
Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $58.1 million and $77.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The $19.6 million decrease in cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 was primarily due to the timing of capital expenditures on the Lucedale plant, Pascagoula terminal, and our plant expansion projects.
Cash Provided by Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $87.8 million and $176.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The $88.6 million decrease in net cash provided by financing activities in 2022, as compared to 2021, was primarily attributable to a decrease in proceeds from debt, net of repayment of debt, of $520.1 million, an increase in cash distribution of $29.7 million, partially offset by an increase in proceeds from the issuance of common shares of $333.6 million and reduction in cash used to acquire a noncontrolling interest of $130.1 million.

Off‑Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of March 31, 2022, we did not have any off‑balance sheet arrangements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. We provide expanded discussion of our significant
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accounting policies, estimates and judgments in our 2021 Form 10‑K. We believe these accounting policies reflect our significant estimates and assumptions used in preparation of our financial statements. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates since December 31, 2021.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There have been no material changes to our exposure to market risk as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
An evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13(a)-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e) under the Exchange Act) was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. Based on their evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2022.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the quarter ended March 31, 2022, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings
There have been no material changes with respect to the legal proceedings disclosed in our Annual Report on form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes with respect to the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Item 6. Exhibits
The information required by this Item 6 is set forth in the Exhibit Index accompanying the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and is incorporated herein by reference.
EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number	    	Exhibit	
3.1	 	Certificate of Incorporation of Enviva Inc. (Exhibit 3.1, Form 8-K filed January 3, 2022, File No. 001-37363)	
3.2	 	Bylaws of Enviva Inc. (Exhibit 3.2, Form 8-K filed January 3, 2022, File No. 001-37363)	
31.1*	 	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes‑Oxley Act of 2002	
31.2*	 	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes‑Oxley Act of 2002	
32.1**	 	Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes‑Oxley Act of 2002	
101	 	The following financial information from Enviva Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) includes: (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity, (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.	
104	 	Cover Page Interactive Data File - (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)	
____________________________________________
*    Filed herewith.
**    Furnished herewith.
†    Management Contract or Compensatory Plan or Arrangement
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.

 	 	 	
 	ENVIVA INC.	

Date: May 5, 2022	 	 	
	By:	/s/ SHAI S. EVEN	
 	 	Shai S. Even	
 	Title:	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)	
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EXHIBIT 31.1
Certification of Principal Executive Officer
Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended

I, John K. Keppler, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Enviva Inc. (the "Registrant"):	

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;	

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report fairly present, in all material respects, the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;	

4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:	
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):	
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 5, 2022

 	/s/ JOHN K. KEPPLER	
 	John K. Keppler	
 	Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Enviva Inc.	
 	(Principal Executive Officer)	

EXHIBIT 31.2
Certification of Principal Financial Officer
Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended

I, Shai S. Even, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Enviva Inc. (the "Registrant"):	

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;	

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report fairly present, in all material respects, the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;	

4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:	
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):	
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 5, 2022
						
 	/s/ SHAI S. EVEN	
 	Shai S. Even	
 	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Enviva Inc.	
 	(Principal Financial Officer)	

EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Enviva Inc. ("Enviva"), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), John K. Keppler, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Enviva, and Shai S. Even, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Enviva, each certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to his knowledge:
(1)the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
(2)the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Enviva.

															
					
Date: May 5, 2022					
					
	By:	/s/ JOHN K. KEPPLER		
		Name:	John K. Keppler		
		Title:	Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer	

					
Date: May 5, 2022					
					
	By:	/s/ SHAI S. EVEN		
		Name:	Shai S. Even		
		Title:	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer