UBER TECHNOLOGIES, INC, 10-K filed on 2/15/2024
Annual Report
v3.24.0.1
Cover Page - USD ($)
$ in Billions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Feb. 12, 2024
Jun. 30, 2023
Cover [Abstract]      
Document Type 10-K    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2023    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
Document Transition Report false    
Entity File Number 001-38902    
Entity Registrant Name UBER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE    
Entity Tax Identification Number 45-2647441    
Entity Address, Address Line One 1725 3rd Street    
Entity Address, City or Town San Francisco    
Entity Address, State or Province CA    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 94158    
City Area Code 415    
Local Phone Number 612-8582    
Title of each class Common Stock, par value $0.00001 per share    
Trading Symbol UBER    
Security Exchange Name NYSE    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer    
Entity Small Business false    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true    
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag] true    
Document Financial Statement Restatement Recovery Analysis [Flag] false    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Public Float     $ 87.9
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   2,076,497,400  
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement relating to the Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated. Such Definitive Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
    
Entity Central Index Key 0001543151    
Amendment Flag false    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2023    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
v3.24.0.1
Audit Information
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Audit Information [Abstract]  
Auditor Firm ID 238
Auditor Name PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Auditor Location San Francisco, California
v3.24.0.1
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Assets    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 4,680 $ 4,208
Short-term investments 727 103
Restricted cash and cash equivalents 805 680
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $80 and $91, respectively 3,404 2,779
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 1,681 1,479
Total current assets 11,297 9,249
Restricted cash and cash equivalents 1,519 1,789
Restricted investments 4,779 1,614
Investments 6,101 4,401
Equity method investments 353 870
Property and equipment, net 2,073 2,082
Operating lease right-of-use assets 1,241 1,449
Intangible assets, net 1,425 1,874
Goodwill 8,151 8,263
Other assets 1,760 518
Total assets 38,699 32,109
Liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interests and equity    
Accounts payable 790 728
Short-term insurance reserves 2,016 1,692
Operating lease liabilities, current 190 201
Accrued and other current liabilities 6,458 6,232
Total current liabilities 9,454 8,853
Long-term insurance reserves 4,722 3,028
Long-term debt, net of current portion 9,459 9,265
Operating lease liabilities, non-current 1,550 1,673
Other long-term liabilities 832 786
Total liabilities 26,017 23,605
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Redeemable non-controlling interests 654 430
Equity    
Common stock, $0.00001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized for both periods, 2,005,486 and 2,071,144 shares issued and outstanding, respectively 0 0
Additional paid-in capital 42,264 40,550
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (421) (443)
Accumulated deficit (30,594) (32,767)
Total Uber Technologies, Inc. stockholders' equity 11,249 7,340
Non-redeemable non-controlling interests 779 734
Total equity 12,028 8,074
Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interests and equity $ 38,699 $ 32,109
v3.24.0.1
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]    
Allowance for accounts receivable $ 91 $ 80
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.00001 $ 0.00001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 5,000,000 5,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 2,071,144 2,005,486
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 2,071,144 2,005,486
v3.24.0.1
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Income Statement [Abstract]      
Revenue $ 37,281 $ 31,877 $ 17,455
Costs and expenses      
Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below 22,457 19,659 9,351
Operations and support 2,689 2,413 1,877
Sales and marketing 4,356 4,756 4,789
Research and development 3,164 2,798 2,054
General and administrative 2,682 3,136 2,316
Depreciation and amortization 823 947 902
Total costs and expenses 36,171 33,709 21,289
Income (loss) from operations 1,110 (1,832) (3,834)
Interest expense (633) (565) (483)
Other income (expense), net 1,844 (7,029) 3,292
Income (loss) before income taxes and income from equity method investments 2,321 (9,426) (1,025)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes 213 (181) (492)
Income (loss) from equity method investments 48 107 (37)
Net income (loss) including non-controlling interests 2,156 (9,138) (570)
Less: net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax 269 3 (74)
Net income (loss) attributable to Uber Technologies, Inc. $ 1,887 $ (9,141) $ (496)
Net income (loss) per share attributable to Uber Technologies, Inc. common stockholders:      
Basic (in dollars per share) $ 0.93 $ (4.64) $ (0.26)
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ 0.87 $ (4.65) $ (0.29)
Weighted-average shares used to compute net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:      
Basic (in shares) 2,035,651 1,972,131 1,892,546
Diluted (in shares) 2,091,782 1,974,928 1,895,519
v3.24.0.1
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]      
Net income (loss) including non-controlling interests $ 2,156 $ (9,138) $ (570)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:      
Foreign currency translation adjustment 17 81 57
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments in available-for-sale debt securities 5 0 (46)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 22 81 11
Comprehensive income (loss) including non-controlling interests 2,178 (9,057) (559)
Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests 269 3 (74)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Uber Technologies, Inc. $ 1,909 $ (9,060) $ (485)
v3.24.0.1
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS AND EQUITY - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
Total
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests
Common Stock
Additional Paid-In Capital
Additional Paid-In Capital
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated Deficit
Non-redeemable Non-Controlling Interests
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020     $ 787            
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]                  
Re-measurement of non-controlling interest $ (1,058)   1,052   $ (1,058)        
Acquisition of non-controlling interests     (1,194)            
Derecognition of non-controlling interests upon divestiture (701)   (356)           $ (701)
Foreign currency translation adjustment 57           $ 57    
Net income (loss)     (85)            
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2021     204            
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020       1,849,794          
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020 12,967 $ (243)   $ 0 35,931 $ (243) (535) $ (23,130) 701
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                  
Exercise of stock options (in shares)       9,440          
Exercise of stock options 101       101        
Stock-based compensation 1,204       1,204        
Reclassification of share-based award liability to additional paid-in capital 4       4        
Issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (in shares)       2,770          
Issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan 107       107        
Issuance of common stock as consideration for acquisitions (in shares)       19,377          
Issuance of common stock as consideration for acquisitions 929       929        
Issuance of common stock for settlement of Careem Convertible Notes (in shares)       4,225          
Issuance of common stock for settlement of Careem Convertible Notes $ 232       232        
Issuance of common stock for settlement of contingent consideration liability (in shares) 2,252                
Issuance of common stock for settlement of contingent consideration liability $ 102       102        
Issuance of restricted stock awards, subject to repurchase, in connection with acquisition of non-controlling interest (in shares)       4,641          
Acquisition of non-controlling interests (in shares)       20,641          
Acquisition of non-controlling interests 1,327       1,327        
Recognition of non-controlling interest upon sale of Freight Holding preferred stock 675               675
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs (in shares)       36,703          
Shares withheld related to net share settlement (in shares)       (527)          
Shares withheld related to net share settlement (28)       (28)        
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments in available-for-sale debt securities, net of tax (46)           (46)    
Foreign currency translation adjustment 57           57    
Net income (loss) (484)             (496) 12
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021       1,949,316          
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2021 15,145     $ 0 38,608   (524) (23,626) 687
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]                  
Foreign currency translation adjustment 81   (3)       81    
Recognition of non-controlling interest upon capital investment     18            
Issuance of Freight subsidiary preferred stock 5   250           5
Net income (loss)     (39)            
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022     430            
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                  
Exercise of stock options (in shares)       4,151          
Exercise of stock options 19       19        
Stock-based compensation 1,843       1,843        
Issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (in shares)       4,599          
Issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan 92       92        
Issuance of common stock for settlement of contingent consideration liability (in shares)       132          
Issuance of common stock for settlement of contingent consideration liability 5       5        
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs (in shares)       47,828          
Shares withheld related to net share settlement (in shares)       (540)          
Shares withheld related to net share settlement (17)       (17)        
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments in available-for-sale debt securities, net of tax 0                
Foreign currency translation adjustment 81   (3)       81    
Net income (loss) $ (9,099)             (9,141) 42
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022 2,005,486     2,005,486          
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 8,074     $ 0 40,550   (443) (32,767) 734
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]                  
Re-measurement of non-controlling interest (286)       (286)        
Foreign currency translation adjustment 17           17    
Net income (loss)     (62)            
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023     $ 654            
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                  
Exercise of stock options (in shares)       7,747          
Exercise of stock options 46       46        
Stock-based compensation 1,983       1,983        
Issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (in shares)       5,578          
Issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan 130       130        
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs (in shares)       53,027          
Shares withheld related to net share settlement (in shares)       (435)          
Shares withheld related to net share settlement (18)       (18)        
Repurchase of outstanding shares (in shares)       (259)          
Purchase of capped calls (141)                
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments in available-for-sale debt securities, net of tax 5           5    
Foreign currency translation adjustment 17           17    
Net income (loss) $ 2,218             2,173 45
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 2,071,144     2,071,144          
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023 $ 12,028     $ 0 $ 42,264   $ (421) $ (30,594) $ 779
v3.24.0.1
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities      
Net income (loss) including non-controlling interests $ 2,156 $ (9,138) $ (570)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization 823 947 902
Bad debt expense 92 114 109
Stock-based compensation 1,935 1,793 1,168
Loss from sale of investments 74 0 (413)
Gain on business divestitures (204) (14) (1,684)
Deferred income taxes 26 (441) (692)
Impairments of goodwill, long-lived assets and other assets 86 28 116
Impairment of equity method investment 0 182 0
Loss (income) from equity method investments, net (48) (107) 37
Unrealized (gain) loss on debt and equity securities, net (1,610) 7,045 (1,142)
Revaluation of MLU B.V. call option 0 (191) 0
Unrealized foreign currency transactions 138 96 38
Other (48) (7) 4
Change in assets and liabilities, net of impact of business acquisitions and disposals:      
Accounts receivable (758) (542) (597)
Prepaid expenses and other assets (1,462) (196) (236)
Collateral held by insurer 0 0 860
Operating lease right-of-use assets 191 193 165
Accounts payable 64 (133) 90
Accrued insurance reserves 2,015 736 516
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 295 492 1,068
Operating lease liabilities (180) (215) (184)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 3,585 642 (445)
Cash flows from investing activities      
Purchases of property and equipment (223) (252) (298)
Purchases of non-marketable equity securities (52) (14) (982)
Purchases of marketable securities (8,774) (1,708) (1,113)
Proceeds from sale of non-marketable equity securities 0 0 500
Proceeds from maturities and sales of marketable securities 5,069 376 2,291
Proceeds from sale of equity method investments 721 0 1,000
Proceeds from business divestiture 0 26 0
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired 0 (59) (2,314)
Purchase of notes receivables 0 0 (297)
Other investing activities 33 (6) 12
Net cash used in investing activities (3,226) (1,637) (1,201)
Cash flows from financing activities      
Proceeds from issuance and sale of subsidiary stock units 0 255 675
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan 130 92 107
Issuance of term loan and notes, net of issuance costs 2,824 0 1,766
Purchase of Capped Calls (141) 0 0
Principal repayment on term loan and notes (2,675) 0 (309)
Principal repayment on Careem Notes (25) (80) (307)
Principal payments on finance leases (171) (184) (226)
Other financing activities (37) (68) 74
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (95) 15 1,780
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents 63 (148) (69)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents 327 (1,128) 65
Cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents      
Beginning of period   6,677 7,805
Reclassification from (to) assets held for sale during the period 0 0 349
End of period, excluding cash classified within assets held for sale 7,004 6,677 7,805
Cash paid for:      
Interest, net of amount capitalized 629 513 449
Income taxes, net of refunds 234 175 87
Non-cash investing and financing activities:      
Finance lease obligations 216 349 184
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations 84 329 273
Common stock issued in connection with acquisitions 0 0 1,868
Ownership interest received in exchange for divestitures 300 0 1,018
Conversion of convertible notes to common stock related to Careem $ 0 $ 0 $ 232
v3.24.0.1
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Note 1 – Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business
Uber Technologies, Inc. (“Uber,” “we,” “our,” or “us”) was incorporated in Delaware in July 2010, and is headquartered in San Francisco, California. Uber is a technology platform that uses a massive network, leading technology, operational excellence and product expertise to power movement from point A to point B. Uber develops and operates proprietary technology applications supporting a variety of offerings on its platform (“platform(s)” or “Platform(s)”). Uber connects consumers (“Rider(s)”) with independent providers of ride services (“Mobility Driver(s)”) for ridesharing services, and connects Riders and other consumers (“Eaters”) with restaurants, grocers and other stores (collectively, “Merchants”) with delivery service providers (“Couriers”) for meal preparation, grocery and other delivery services. Riders and Eaters are collectively referred to as “end-user(s)” or “consumer(s).” Mobility Drivers and Couriers are collectively referred to as “Driver(s).” Uber also connects consumers with public transportation networks. Uber uses this same network, technology, operational excellence and product expertise to connect shippers with carriers in the freight industry. Uber is also developing technologies designed to provide new solutions to solve everyday problems.
Our technology is used around the world, principally in the United States (“U.S.”) and Canada, Latin America, Europe (excluding Russia), the Middle East, Africa, and Asia (excluding China and Southeast Asia).
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). We consolidate our wholly-owned subsidiaries and majority-owned subsidiaries over which we exercise control, and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) where we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary. Refer to Note 15 – Variable Interest Entities for further information. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions, which affect the reported amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are based on historical experience, where applicable, and other assumptions which management believes are reasonable under the circumstances. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates estimates, including, but not limited to: fair values of investments and other financial instruments (including the measurement of credit or impairment losses); useful lives of amortizable long-lived assets; fair value of acquired intangible assets and related impairment assessments; impairment of goodwill; stock-based compensation; income taxes and non-income tax reserves; certain deferred tax assets and tax liabilities; insurance reserves; and other contingent liabilities. These estimates are inherently subject to judgment and actual results could differ from those estimates.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, restricted cash and cash equivalents, restricted investments, other receivables, and accounts receivable are potentially subject to credit risk concentration. Cash, cash equivalents, and available-for-sale securities primarily consist of money market funds, cash deposits, U.S. government and agency securities, and investment-grade corporate debt securities. Our investment policy limits the amount of credit exposure with any one financial institution or commercial issuer. Cash deposits typically exceed insured limits and are placed with financial institutions around the world that we believe are of high credit quality. We have not experienced any material losses related to these concentrations during the periods presented. Our other receivables include funds withheld by well-established insurance companies with high credit quality that may be used to cover future settlement of reserved insurance claims. We rely on a limited number of third parties to provide payment processing services (“payment service providers”) to collect amounts due from end-users. Payment service providers are financial institutions or credit card companies that we believe are of high credit quality. No customers accounted for 10% or more of revenue for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash held in checking and savings accounts as well as investments in money market funds, U.S. government and agency securities, commercial paper, corporate bonds, and time deposits. We consider all highly-liquid investments purchased with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash includes amounts collected on behalf of, but not yet remitted to Drivers and Merchants, which are included in accrued and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents
Restricted cash and cash equivalents are pledged as security for letters of credit or other collateral amounts established by us for certain insurance policies and also include cash and cash equivalents that are unavailable for immediate use due to legal and/or contractual restrictions. Restricted cash and cash equivalents are classified as current and non-current assets based on the contractual or estimated term of the remaining restriction. The reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents
to amounts presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows are as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
202120222023
Cash and cash equivalents$4,295 $4,208 $4,680 
Restricted cash and cash equivalents - current631 680 805 
Restricted cash and cash equivalents - non-current2,879 1,789 1,519 
Total cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents$7,805 $6,677 $7,004 
Collateral Held by Insurer
Collateral held by insurer represents funds held by James River Group companies (“James River”). These funds, previously held in a trust account, were withdrawn by James River during the fourth quarter of 2019 upon notice of cancellation of their insurance policies (primarily auto insurance policies) issued to one of our subsidiaries. The funds served as collateral for us and our subsidiary’s current and future claim settlement obligations under the indemnification agreements for these insurance policies as included in insurance reserves on the consolidated balance sheet. Accordingly, the amount withdrawn was presented as collateral held by insurer on the consolidated balance sheet.
During the third quarter of 2021, in connection with the legacy auto insurance transfer as described below, James River returned funds, previously presented as collateral held by insurer, to the trust account where the funds were previously held. Accordingly, the funds were reclassified from collateral held by insurer to non-current restricted cash and cash equivalents on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021.
Legacy Auto Insurance Transfer
On September 27, 2021, Aleka Insurance, Inc., our wholly-owned captive insurance subsidiary, entered into a Loss Portfolio Transfer Reinsurance Agreement (the “LPTA”) with James River effective July 1, 2021. Pursuant to the LPTA, our captive insurance subsidiary reinsured certain automobile liability insurance risks relating to activity on our platform between 2013 and 2019 in exchange for payment by James River to our captive insurance subsidiary of a premium in the amount of $345 million (“Premium”). Subsequent to the LPTA, we retain substantially all of the liabilities on these policies when taken together with previous risk transfer arrangements. In connection with the LPTA, claims administered by James River were transferred to a third-party claims administrator for ongoing handling (the “Transferred Claims”) at our expense. The liabilities associated with the Transferred Claims were re-evaluated as of September 30, 2021, and adverse development was recognized on certain of those liabilities. During the third quarter of 2021, we recognized a $103 million charge in our consolidated statement of operations consisting of the difference between the Premium and the assumed liabilities (including the cost of future claims administration), expenses associated with the LPTA, and the adverse development on the Transferred Claims.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts receivable represents: (i) uncollected payments from end-users for completed transactions where the payment method is credit card and includes (a) end-user payments not yet settled with payment service providers and (b) end-user payments settled by payment service providers but not yet remitted to us; (ii) completed shipments where we have an unconditional right to the consideration from Freight customers (“Shippers”) and payment has not been received; or (iii) uncollected payments from Uber for Business organizations for completed transactions. The timing of settlement of amounts due from these parties varies by region and by product. The portion of the receivable to be remitted to Drivers and Merchants is included in accrued and other current liabilities. Refer to Note 9 – Supplemental Financial Statement Information for amounts payable to Drivers and Merchants.
Although we pre-authorize forms of payment to mitigate our exposure, we bear the cost of any accounts receivable losses. We record an allowance for doubtful accounts for accounts receivable that may never settle or be collected, as well as for credit card chargebacks including fraudulent credit card transactions. The allowance for doubtful accounts is primarily included as cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. We estimate the allowance based on historical experience, estimated future payments and geographical trends, which are reviewed periodically and as needed, and amounts are written off when determined to be uncollectible. Chargebacks and credit card losses were $246 million, $286 million and $245 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.
Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight‑line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are as follows:
Property and EquipmentEstimated Useful Life
LandIndefinite
Buildings
30-45 years
Site improvements
5-15 years
Computer equipment
3-5 years
Furniture and fixtures
3-5 years
Internal-use software
2 years
Leased computer equipmentShorter of estimated useful life or lease term
Leasehold improvementsShorter of estimated useful life or lease term
When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost, accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations in the period realized. Maintenance and repairs that do not enhance or extend the asset’s useful life are charged to operating expenses as incurred.
We capitalize certain costs, such as compensation costs, including stock-based compensation, and interest incurred on outstanding debt, in developing internal-use software once planning has been completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will function as intended. Amortization of such costs occurs on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related asset and begins once the asset is ready for its intended use. Costs incurred prior to meeting these criteria, together with costs incurred for training and maintenance, are expensed as incurred. In addition, we capitalize interest incurred on outstanding debt during the period of construction-in-progress of certain assets.
Leases
We account for leases in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”). We elected the “package of practical expedients,” which permits us not to reassess under ASC 842 our prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. We made a policy election not to separate non-lease components from lease components, therefore, we account for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. We also elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify.
We determine if a contract contains a lease at inception of the arrangement based on whether we have the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of an identified asset and whether we have the right to direct the use of an identified asset in exchange for consideration, which relates to an asset which we do not own. Right of use (“ROU”) assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets are recognized as the lease liability, adjusted for lease incentives received. Lease liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at the lease commencement date. The interest rate used to determine the present value of the future lease payments is our incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”), because the interest rate implicit in most of our leases is not readily determinable. The IBR is a hypothetical rate based on our understanding of what our credit rating would be to borrow and resulting interest we would pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment over the lease term on a collateralized basis. Lease payments may be fixed or variable; however, only fixed payments or in-substance fixed payments are included in our lease liability calculation. Variable lease payments may include costs such as common area maintenance, utilities, real estate taxes or other costs. Variable lease payments are recognized in operating expenses in the period in which the obligation for those payments are incurred.
Operating leases are included in operating lease ROU assets, operating lease liabilities, current and operating lease liabilities, non-current on our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, net, accrued and other current liabilities, and other long-term liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. For operating leases, lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis in operations over the lease term. For finance leases, lease expense is recognized as depreciation and interest; depreciation on a straight-line basis over the lease term and interest using the effective interest method.
Acquisitions
We account for acquisitions of entities or asset groups that qualify as businesses in accordance with ASC 805, “Business Combinations” (“ASC 805”). The purchase price of the acquisition is allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over those fair values is recorded as goodwill. During the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any
subsequent adjustments are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. Refer to Note 17 – Business Combinations for further information.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination and is allocated to reporting units expected to benefit from the business combination. We test goodwill for impairment at least annually, in the fourth quarter, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. We evaluate our reporting units when changes in our operating structure occur, and if necessary, reassign goodwill using a relative fair value allocation approach. In testing for goodwill impairment, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, we determine it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then additional impairment testing is not required. However, if we conclude otherwise, we proceed to the quantitative assessment.
The quantitative assessment compares the estimated fair value of a reporting unit to its book value, including goodwill. If the fair value exceeds book value, goodwill is considered not to be impaired and no additional steps are necessary. However, if the book value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss will be recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Refer to Note 7 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information.
Intangible Assets, Net
Intangible assets are carried at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, which range from two to 18 years. We review definite-lived intangible assets for impairment under the long-lived asset model described in the Evaluation of Long-Lived Assets for Impairment section. Refer to Note 7 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information.
Investments
Equity Securities
Accounting for our equity securities varies depending on the marketability of the security and the type of investment. Our marketable equity securities in publicly traded companies are measured at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. Certain investments in non-marketable equity securities are measured at cost, with remeasurements to fair value only upon the occurrence of observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar securities of the same issuer, or in the event of any impairment. We reassess non-marketable equity securities at each reporting period to determine whether they have a readily determinable fair value, in which case they would no longer be eligible for fair value measurement alternative. Non-marketable equity securities that we elected to apply the fair value option and equity securities with a readily determinable fair value are measured at fair value on a recurring basis with changes in fair value recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. We evaluate our non-marketable equity securities for impairment at each reporting period based on a qualitative assessment that considers various potential impairment indicators. Impairment indicators might include, but would not necessarily be limited to, a significant deterioration in the earnings performance, credit rating, asset quality, or business prospects of the investee, a significant adverse change in the regulatory, economic, or technological environment of the investee, a bona fide offer to purchase, an offer by the investee to sell, or a completed auction process for the same or similar securities for an amount less than the carrying amount of the investments in those securities. If an impairment exists, a loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the investment. We include investments in equity securities within investments on the consolidated balance sheets.
Debt Securities
Accounting for our debt securities varies depending on the legal form of the security, our intended holding period for the security, and the nature of the transaction. Investments in debt securities are classified as available-for-sale and are initially recorded at fair value. Investments in marketable debt securities may include U.S. government and agency securities, commercial paper, corporate bonds, and time deposits. Certain investments in non-marketable equity securities with redemption, interest, or other debt-like features were classified as available-for-sale debt securities. Subsequent changes in fair value of available-for-sale debt securities are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. We record certain of our debt securities at fair value with the changes in fair value recorded in earnings under the fair value option of accounting for financial instruments.
As of December 31, 2023, we considered our marketable debt securities as available for use in current operations, including those with maturity dates beyond one year, and therefore classify these securities as short-term investments on the consolidated balance sheets.
Allowance for Credit Losses on Available-for-sale Debt Securities
We account for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities in accordance with ASC 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (“ASC 326”). Under ASC 326, at each reporting period, we evaluate our available-for-sale debt securities at the individual security level to determine whether there is a decline in the fair value below its amortized cost basis (an impairment). In circumstances
where we intend to sell, or are more likely than not required to sell, the security before it recovers its amortized cost basis, the difference between fair value and amortized cost is recognized as a loss in the consolidated statements of operations, with a corresponding write-down of the security’s amortized cost. In circumstances where neither condition exists, we then evaluate whether a decline is due to credit-related factors. The factors considered in determining whether a credit loss exists can include the extent to which fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, changes in the credit quality of the underlying loan obligors, credit ratings actions, as well as other factors. To determine the portion of a decline in fair value that is credit-related, we compare the present value of the expected cash flows of the security discounted at the security’s effective interest rate to the amortized cost basis of the security. A credit-related impairment is limited to the difference between fair value and amortized cost, and recognized as an allowance for credit loss on the consolidated balance sheet with a corresponding adjustment to net income (loss). Any remaining decline in fair value that is non-credit related is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. Improvements in expected cash flows due to improvements in credit are recognized through reversal of the credit loss and corresponding reduction in the allowance for credit loss.
Restricted Investments
As of December 31, 2023, restricted investments on the consolidated balance sheets are comprised of marketable debt securities that may include U.S. government and agency securities, commercial paper, corporate bonds, and time deposits, which are held in trust accounts at third-party financial institutions pursuant to certain contracts with insurance providers. Restricted investments are classified as non-current assets as these investments are unavailable for use in short-term operations due to legal and/or contractual restrictions.
Equity Method Investments
Investments in common stock or in-substance common stock of entities that provide us with the ability to exercise significant influence, but not a controlling financial interest, over the investee are accounted for under the equity method of accounting, unless the fair value option is elected. Investments accounted for under the equity method are initially recorded at cost. Subsequently, we recognize through the consolidated statements of operations and as an adjustment to the investment balance, our proportionate share of the investees’ net income or loss and the amortization of basis differences. We record our share of the results of equity method investments one quarter in arrears as income (loss) from equity method investment, net of tax in the consolidated statements of operations. We evaluate each of our equity method investments at the end of each reporting period to determine whether events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the investment may not be fully recoverable. We recognize in the consolidated statements of operations and as an adjustment to the investment balance, any required impairment loss. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. This evaluation consists of several qualitative and quantitative factors including recent financial results and operating trends of the investee; implied values in recent transactions of investee securities; other publicly available information that may affect the value of our investments.
Evaluation of Long-Lived Assets for Impairment
We evaluate our held-and-used long-lived assets for indicators of possible impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group (collectively, the “asset group”) may not be recoverable. We measure the recoverability of the asset group by comparing the carrying amount of such asset groups to the future undiscounted cash flows it expects the asset group to generate. If we consider the asset group to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized equals the amount by which the carrying value of the asset group exceeds its fair value.
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), we use the fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy, as defined below, gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are set forth below:    
Level 1    Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2    Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in markets that are not active or inputs other than the quoted prices that are observable either directly or indirectly for the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3    Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Our primary financial instruments include receivables, investments in debt and equity securities, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, long-term debt and warrants. The estimated fair value of marketable debt securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximates their carrying value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments. Refer to Note 3 – Investments and Fair Value Measurement and Note 8 – Long-Term Debt and Revolving Credit Arrangements for further information.
Variable Interest Entities
We evaluate our ownership, contractual, and other interests in entities to determine if we have a variable interest in an entity. These evaluations are complex, involve judgment and the use of estimates and assumptions based on available historical and prospective information, among other factors. If we determine that an entity for which we hold a contractual or ownership interest in is a VIE and that we are the primary beneficiary, we consolidate such entity in the consolidated financial statements. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party that meets both of the following criteria: (1) has the power to make decisions that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIE; and (2) has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that in either case could potentially be significant to the VIE. Periodically, we determine whether any changes in the interest or relationship with the entity impact the determination of whether the entity is still a VIE and whether we are still the primary beneficiary. If we are not deemed to be the primary beneficiary in a VIE, we account for the investment or other variable interests in a VIE in accordance with applicable GAAP. Refer to Note 15 – Variable Interest Entities for further information.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when or as we satisfy our obligations. We derive revenue from Drivers’ and Merchants’ use of our platform, on-demand lead generation, and related services, including facilitating payments from end-users. The service enables Drivers and Merchants to seek, receive and fulfill on-demand requests from end-users seeking Mobility or Delivery services (collectively the “Uber Service”). In certain markets we also generate revenue from end-users. In these markets, we charge end-users a direct fee for use of the platform or in exchange for Mobility or Delivery services. Additionally, we derive revenue from customers' use of Freight services.
We periodically reassess our revenue recognition policies as business models and other factors evolve.
Mobility and Delivery Agreements
We primarily enter into Master Services Agreements (“MSA”) with Drivers and Merchants to use the platform. The MSA defines the service fee we charge Drivers and Merchants for each transaction. Upon acceptance of a transaction, Drivers and Merchants agree to perform the services as requested by an end-user. The acceptance of a transaction request combined with the MSA establishes enforceable rights and obligations for each transaction. A contract exists between us and the Drivers and Merchants after the Drivers and Merchants accept a transaction request and the Drivers’ and Merchants’ ability to cancel the transaction lapses.
The Uber Service activities are performed to satisfy our sole performance obligation in the transaction, which is to connect Drivers and Merchants with end-users to facilitate the completion of a successful transaction.
In markets where we are responsible for Mobility services to end-users, end-users are our customers and our sole performance obligation in the transaction is to provide transportation services to the end-user. In markets where we are responsible for Delivery services to end-users, Merchants and end-users are our customers. In addition to our performance obligation to Merchants, our performance obligation to end-users is to provide delivery services.
In certain markets, we charge Mobility and Delivery end-users a fee to use the platform. In these transactions, in addition to performance obligations to Drivers and Merchants, we have a performance obligation to end-users to connect end-users to Drivers and Merchants in the marketplace.
Principal vs. Agent Considerations
Judgment is required in determining whether we are the principal or agent in transactions with Drivers, Merchants and end-users. We evaluate the presentation of revenue on a gross or net basis based on whether we control the service provided to the end-user and are the principal (i.e. “gross”), or we arrange for other parties to provide the service to the end-user and are an agent (i.e. “net”). This determination also impacts the presentation of incentives provided to Drivers and Merchants and discounts and promotions offered to end-users to the extent they are not customers.
In Mobility and Delivery transactions where our role is to provide the Uber Service to Drivers and Merchants to facilitate a successful trip or Delivery service, we do not control and are not primarily responsible for the good or service provided by Drivers and Merchants to end-users. In these transactions, Mobility and Delivery revenue is recorded on a net basis.
In certain other markets, we agree to provide Mobility or Delivery services to end-users for a fee. In these markets, we are primarily responsible for the services and present the respective Mobility and Delivery revenue on a gross basis. Payments to Drivers and Couriers in exchange for their services are recorded as cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization.
Mobility
We derive our Mobility revenue from service fees paid by Drivers for use of the platform and related service to connect with Riders and successfully complete a trip via the Platform, amounts charged to end-users for Mobility services, and fees charged to end-users for use of the platform in certain markets. We recognize revenue when a trip is complete.
Depending on the market where the trip is completed, the service fee is either a fixed percentage of the end-user fare or the difference between the amount paid by an end-user and the amount earned by Drivers. In markets where we earn the difference between the amount paid by an end-user and the amount earned by Drivers, end-users are quoted a fixed upfront price for ridesharing services while we pay Drivers based on actual time and distance for the ridesharing services provided. We typically receive the service fee within a short period of time following the completion of a trip.
In certain markets, end-users have the option to pay cash for trips. Service fees for cash trips are recognized only when collected from Drivers as we concluded that collectability of such amounts is not probable until collected.
Mobility revenue also includes immaterial revenue streams such as our financial partnerships products.
Delivery
We derive our Delivery revenue from service fees paid by Couriers and Merchants for use of the platform and related service to successfully complete meal preparation, grocery and other delivery service on the platform, amounts charged to end-users for Delivery services, and fees charged to end-users for use of the platform in certain markets. We recognize revenue when a Delivery transaction is complete.
In the majority of transactions, the service fee paid by Merchants is a fixed percentage of the meal price. The service fee paid by Couriers is the difference between the delivery fee amount paid by the end-user and the amount earned by the Couriers. End-users are quoted a fixed price for the meal delivery while we pay Couriers based on time and distance for the delivery. We typically receive the service fee within a short period of time following the completion of a delivery.
Freight
We derive our Freight revenue from freight transportation services provided to Shippers.
Brokerage
Brokerage revenue represents the gross amount of fees charged to Shippers for our services because we control the service provided to customers. Costs incurred with carriers for Brokerage are recorded in cost of revenue. Shippers contract with us to utilize our network of independent freight carriers to transport freight. We enter into contracts with Shippers that define the price for each shipment and payment terms. Our acceptance of the shipment request establishes enforceable rights and obligations for each contract. By accepting the Shipper's order, we have responsibility for transportation of the shipment from origin to destination. We enter into separate contracts with independent freight carriers and are responsible for payment of freight charges to the carrier regardless of payment by the Shipper. We invoice the Shipper upon satisfaction of our sole performance obligation to transport a Shipper’s freight using our network of independent freight carriers. We recognize revenue associated with our performance obligation over the contract term, which represents our performance over the period of time a shipment is in transit. While the transit period of our contracts can vary based on origin and destination, contracts still in transit at period end are not material. Payment for our services is generally due within 30 to 45 days upon receipt of invoice.
Transportation Management
We provide an integrated logistics and transportation service, which can include shipment planning, freight optimization, carrier assignment, load management, freight audit and payment processing and other related transportation services. Our sole performance obligation in these contracts is the integration of these services to transport the Shipper’s freight on a shipment-by-shipment basis. The majority of our transportation management revenue is recognized on a gross basis in the amount of gross fees charged to Shippers upon satisfaction of our performance obligation because we control the service provided to customers. Costs incurred with carriers for these transactions are recorded in cost of revenue. In transactions where we do not control the service provided to customers, we recognize revenue on a net basis. Revenue is recognized as our performance obligation is satisfied, which generally represents the transit period from origin to destination by a third-party carrier. While the transit period of our contracts can vary based on origin and destination, contracts still in transit at period end are not material. Payment for our services is generally due within 30 to 60 days upon completion of our performance obligation.
Principal vs. Agent Considerations
Judgment is required in determining whether we are the principal or agent in transactions with Shippers. For contracts where we control the service before it is transferred to the Shipper, we are primarily responsible for identifying and directing independent freight carriers to transport the Shipper’s goods, including having discretion in selecting a qualified independent freight carrier that meets the Shipper’s specifications. We also have pricing discretion for the price(s) charged to Shippers and amounts paid to Carriers. Accordingly, we are the principal in these transactions. In certain arrangements, we do not control the service provided to customers as
we do not have latitude in carrier selection and establishing rates with the Carrier. Revenue is recognized on a net basis for these transactions.
Advertising Revenue
We derive the majority of our advertising revenue from sponsored listing fees paid by Merchants and brands in exchange for advertising on our platform. Advertising revenue is recognized when an end-user engages with the sponsored listing based on the number of clicks. Revenue is presented on a gross basis in the amount billed to Merchants and brands as we control the advertisement before it is transferred to the end-user.
Incentives to Customers
Incentives provided to customers are recorded as a reduction of revenue if we do not receive a distinct good or service or cannot reasonably estimate the fair value of the good or service received. Incentives to customers that are not provided in exchange for a distinct good or service are evaluated as variable consideration, in the most likely amount to be earned by the customer at the time or as they are earned by customers, depending on the type of incentive. Since incentives are earned over a short period of time, there is limited uncertainty when estimating variable consideration.
Incentives earned by customers for referring new customers are paid in exchange for a distinct service and are accounted for as customer acquisition costs. We expense such referral payments as incurred in sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. We expense costs to acquire new customer contracts as incurred because the amortization period would be one year or less. The amount recorded as an expense is the lesser of the amount of the incentive paid or the established fair value of the service received. Fair value of the service is established using amounts paid to vendors for similar services. The amounts paid to customers presented as sales and marketing expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 were immaterial.
In some transactions, incentives and payments made to customers may exceed the revenue earned in the transaction. In these transactions, the resulting shortfall amount is recorded as a reduction of revenue.
End-User Discounts and Promotions
We offer discounts and promotions to end-users to encourage use of our platform. These are offered in various forms of discounts and promotions and include:
Targeted end-user discounts and promotions: These discounts and promotions are offered to a limited number of end-users in a market to acquire, re-engage, or generally increase end-users use of the Platform, and are akin to a coupon. An example is an offer providing a discount on a limited number of rides or deliveries during a limited time period. We record the cost of these discounts and promotions to end-users who are not our customers as sales and marketing expenses at the time they are redeemed by the end-user.
End-user referrals: These referrals are earned when an existing end-user (the referring end-user) refers a new end-user (the referred end-user) to the platform and the new end-user who is not our customer completes their first transaction on the platform. These referrals are typically paid in the form of a credit given to the referring end-user. These referrals are offered to attract new end-users to the Platform. We record the liability for these referrals and corresponding expenses as sales and marketing expenses at the time the referral is earned by the referring end-user.
Market-wide promotions: These promotions are pricing actions in the form of discounts that reduce the end-user fare charged by Drivers and Merchants to end-users who are not our customers for all or substantially all Mobility or Delivery offerings in a specific market. This also includes any discounts offered under our subscription offerings and certain discounts within the Uber Rewards programs, which enable end-users to receive a fixed fare or a discount on all eligible rides. Accordingly, we record the cost of these promotions as a reduction of revenue at the time the transaction is completed.
Refunds and Credits
Refunds and credits to end-users due to end-user dissatisfaction with the Platform are recorded as sales and marketing expenses or as a reduction of revenue depending on whether the end-user is considered a customer based on the market. Refunds to end-users that we recover from Drivers and Merchants are recorded as a reduction of revenue.
Other
We have elected to exclude from revenue, taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and are concurrent with specific revenue producing transactions, and collected from Drivers, Merchants and end-users and remitted to governmental authorities. Accordingly, such amounts are not included as a component of revenue or cost of revenue.
Practical Expedients
We have utilized the practical expedient available under ASC 606-10-50-14 and do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. We have no significant financing components in our contracts with customers.
Stock-Based Compensation
We account for stock-based compensation expense in accordance with the fair value recognition and measurement provisions of GAAP, which requires compensation cost for the grant-date fair value of stock-based awards to be recognized over the requisite service period. We account for forfeitures when they occur. The fair value of stock-based awards, granted or modified, is determined on the grant date (or modification or acquisition dates, if applicable) at fair value, using appropriate valuation techniques. Subsequent to our IPO in May 2019, the fair value of common stock was determined on the grant date using the closing price of our common stock.
Service-Based Awards
We record stock-based compensation expense for service-based stock options and restricted stock units (“RSU(s)”) on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally four years.
For stock options with service-based vesting conditions only, the valuation model, typically the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, incorporates various assumptions including expected stock price volatility, expected term and risk-free interest rates. We estimate the volatility of common stock on the date of grant based on the weighted-average historical stock price volatility of our own shares or comparable publicly traded companies in our industry group. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant with a term equal to the expected term. We estimate the expected term based on the simplified method for employee stock options considered to be “plain vanilla” options, as our historical share option exercise experience does not provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected term. We estimate the expected term for non-employees’ options based on the contractual term. The expected dividend yield is 0.0% as we have not paid and do not anticipate paying dividends on our common stock.
Performance-Based Awards
We have granted restricted common stock awards (“RSA(s)”), RSUs, stock appreciation rights (“SAR(s)”), stock options, and warrants that vest upon the satisfaction of both service-based and performance-based conditions. The service-based condition for these awards generally is satisfied over three or four years. The performance-based conditions generally are satisfied upon achieving specified performance targets, such as our financial or operating metrics, and/or the occurrence of a qualifying event, defined as the earlier of (i) the closing of certain specific liquidation or change in control transactions, or (ii) an initial public offering (“IPO”). We record stock-based compensation expense for performance-based equity awards such as RSAs, RSUs, SARs, and stock options on an accelerated attribution method over the requisite service period, which is generally three or four years, and only if performance-based conditions are considered probable to be satisfied.
For performance-based awards and RSUs, we determine the grant-date fair value to be the fair value of our common stock on the grant date.
For performance-based SARs, stock options, and warrants, we determine the grant-date fair value utilizing the valuation model as described above for service-based awards.
Market-Based Awards
We have granted RSUs and stock options that vest only upon the satisfaction of the following conditions: service-based conditions, performance-based conditions, and/or market-based conditions. The service-based condition for these awards generally is satisfied over three or four years. The performance-based conditions generally are satisfied upon achieving specified performance targets, such as the occurrence of a qualifying event, as described above for performance-based awards. The market-based conditions are satisfied upon our achievement of specified fully-diluted equity values, as determined based on our stock price.
For market-based awards, we determine the grant-date fair value utilizing a Monte Carlo valuation model, which incorporates various assumptions including expected stock price volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rates, expected date of a qualifying event, and expected capital raise percentage. We estimate the volatility of common stock on the date of grant based on historical volatility of Uber’s stock price. We estimate the expected term based on various exercise scenarios. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.
We record stock-based compensation expense for market-based equity awards such as RSUs and stock options on an accelerated attribution method over the requisite service period, and only if performance-based conditions are considered probable to be satisfied. We determine the requisite service period by comparing the derived service period to achieve the market-based condition and the explicit service-based period, using the longer of the two service periods as the requisite service period.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”)
We recognize stock-based expenses related to shares issued pursuant to our 2019 ESPP on a straight-line basis over the offering period. The ESPP provides for twelve-month offering periods, and each offering period includes two purchase periods of approximately six months. The ESPP allows eligible employees to purchase shares of our common stock at a 15 percent discount on the lower price of either (i) the offering period begin date or (ii) the purchase date. We estimate the fair value of shares to be issued under the ESPP based on a combination of options valued using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. We determine volatility over
an expected term of six months and twelve months based on our historical volatility. We estimate the expected term based on the contractual term.
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements.
We account for uncertainty in tax positions recognized in the consolidated financial statements by recognizing a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits. Income tax positions must meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold at the effective date to be recognized.
We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for (benefit from) income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations.
Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts that are more-likely-than-not expected to be realized based on the weighting of positive and negative evidence. Future realization of deferred tax assets ultimately depends on the existence of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character (for example, ordinary income or capital gain) within the carryback or carryforward periods available under the applicable tax law. We regularly review the deferred tax assets for recoverability based on historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation, the expected timing of the reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and tax planning strategies. Our judgment regarding future profitability may change due to many factors, including future market conditions and the ability to successfully execute our business plans and/or tax planning strategies. Should there be a change in the ability to recover deferred tax assets, our income tax provision would increase or decrease in the period in which the assessment is changed. We elected the tax law ordering approach in assessing the realizability of net operating losses expected to offset future Global Intangible Low-taxed Income (“GILTI”).
We have elected to treat any potential GILTI inclusions as a period cost.
The establishment of deferred tax assets from intra-entity transfers of intangible assets requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions to determine the fair value of such intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing intangible assets may include, but are not necessarily limited to, internal revenue and expense forecasts, the estimated life of the intangible assets, comparable transaction values, and/or discount rates. The discount rates used to discount expected future cash flows to present value are derived from a weighted-average cost of capital analysis and are adjusted to reflect the inherent risks related to the cash flow. Although we believe the assumptions and estimates utilized are reasonable and appropriate, they are based, in part, on historical experience, internal and external comparable data and are inherently uncertain. Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur that could affect either the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or actual results.
Expenses
Set forth below is a brief description of the components of our expenses:
•Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization, primarily consists of costs incurred for certain Mobility and Delivery transactions where we are primarily responsible for Mobility and Delivery services and pay Drivers and Couriers for services, certain insurance costs related to our Mobility and Delivery offerings, costs incurred with Carriers for Uber Freight transportation services, credit card processing fees, bank fees, data center and networking expenses, mobile device and service costs, and amounts related to fare chargebacks and other credit card losses.
•Operations and support expenses primarily consist of compensation costs, including stock-based compensation, for employees that support operations in cities, including the general managers, Driver operations, platform user support representatives and community managers. Also included is the cost of customer support, Driver background checks and the allocation of certain corporate costs.
•Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of advertising costs, product marketing costs, discounts, loyalty programs, promotions, refunds, and credits provided to end-users who are not customers, compensation costs, including stock-based compensation to sales and marketing employees, and the allocation of certain corporate costs. We expense advertising and other promotional expenditures as incurred. Advertising expenses totaled $1.7 billion for each of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023. Discounts, loyalty programs, promotions, refunds, and credits provided to end-users who are not customers totaled $2.4 billion, $2.2 billion, and $1.7 billion for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.
•Research and development expenses primarily consist of compensation costs, including stock-based compensation, for employees in engineering, design and product development. Expenses also include ongoing improvements to, and maintenance of, existing products and services, and allocation of certain corporate costs.
•General and administrative expenses primarily consist of compensation costs, including stock-based compensation, for executive management and administrative employees, including finance and accounting, human resources, policy and communications, legal, and certain impairment charges, as well as allocation of certain corporate costs, occupancy, and general corporate insurance costs. General and administrative expenses also include certain legal settlements.
•Depreciation and amortization expenses primarily consist of depreciation on buildings, site improvements, computer and network equipment, software, leasehold improvements, furniture and fixtures, and amortization of intangible assets.
Restructuring and Related Charges
Costs associated with management-approved restructuring activities, including reductions in headcount, exiting a market or consolidation of facilities are recognized when they are incurred and may include employee termination benefits, impairment of long-lived assets (including impairment of operating lease right-of-use assets), contract termination costs and accelerated lease cost for right-of-use assets that ceased to be used. We record a liability for employee termination benefits either when it is probable that an employee is entitled to them and the amount of the benefits can be reasonably estimated or when management has communicated the termination plan to employees and all of the following conditions have been met: management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan of termination; the plan identifies the number of employees to be terminated, their job classifications and their locations, and the expected completion date; the plan establishes the terms of the benefit arrangement in sufficient detail to enable employees to determine the type and amount of benefits they will receive if they are involuntarily terminated; and actions required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn. We accrue for costs to terminate contracts other than a lease when we terminate the contract in accordance with the contract terms. Costs that will continue to be incurred for the remaining term of a contract that is not a lease, and provide no economic benefits to us are recognized at the cease-use date. Costs associated with lease contracts are accounted for under the leasing accounting guidance or under the long-lived assets accounting guidance.
Restructuring and related charges are recognized as an operating expense within the consolidated statements of operations and are classified based on our classification policy for each category of operating expense. Personnel costs are classified based on each employee’s classification, lease costs (including impairments of right-of-use assets) are classified in the same expense line item where each lease’s rent expense was recognized and impairment of other long-lived assets are recorded within general and administrative expenses.
Foreign Currency
The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is the local currency or U.S. dollar depending on the nature of the subsidiaries’ activities. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are remeasured to the functional currency at the exchange rate in effect at the end of the period. Gains and losses resulting from remeasurement are recorded in foreign exchange gains (losses), net within other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. Subsidiary assets and liabilities with non-U.S. dollar functional currencies are translated at the month-end rate, retained earnings and other equity items are translated at historical rates, and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Cumulative translation adjustments are recorded within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a separate component of total equity (deficit).
Net Income (Loss) Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
We compute net income (loss) per share using the two-class method required for participating securities. The two-class method requires income available to common stockholders for the period to be allocated between common stock and participating securities based upon their respective rights to receive dividends as if all income for the period had been distributed.
Our restricted common stock, and common stock issued upon early exercise of stock options are participating securities. We consider restricted common stock and any shares issued upon early exercise of stock options, subject to repurchase, to be participating securities because holders of such shares have non-forfeitable dividend rights in the event a cash dividend is declared on common stock.
Insurance Reserves
We use a combination of third-party insurance and self-insurance mechanisms, including a wholly-owned captive insurance subsidiary, to provide for the potential liabilities for certain risks, including auto liability, uninsured and underinsured motorist, auto physical damage, general liability, and workers’ compensation. Insurance reserves is the liability for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses, which represents the estimate of the ultimate unpaid obligation for risks retained by us and includes an amount for case reserves related to reported claims and an amount for losses incurred but not reported as of the balance sheet date. The estimate of the ultimate unpaid obligation utilizes generally accepted actuarial methods applied to historical claim and loss experience. In addition, we use assumptions based on actuarial judgment related to claim and loss development patterns and expected loss costs, which consider frequency trends, severity trends, and relevant industry data. These reserves are continually reviewed and adjusted as experience develops and new information becomes known. Adjustments, if any, relating to accidents that occurred in prior years are reflected in
the current year results of operations. Reserve amounts estimated to be settled within one year are recorded in short-term insurance reserves, with longer term settlements recorded in long-term insurance reserves on the consolidated balance sheets.
While management believes that the insurance reserve amount is adequate, the ultimate liability may be in excess of, or less than, the amount provided. All estimates of ultimate losses and allocated loss adjustment expenses, and of resulting reserves, are subject to inherent variability caused by the nature of the insurance claim settlement process. Such variability is increased for us due to limited historical experience and the nature of the coverage provided. Actual results depend upon the outcome of future contingent events and can be affected by many factors, such as claims settlement processes and changes in the economic, legal, and social environments. As a result, the net amounts that will ultimately be paid to settle the liability and when these amounts will be paid may vary from the estimate provided on the consolidated balance sheets.
Loss Contingencies
We are involved in legal proceedings, claims, and regulatory, indirect tax examinations or government inquiries and investigations that may arise in the ordinary course of business. Certain of these matters include speculative claims for substantial or indeterminate amounts of damages. We record a liability when we believe that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If we determine that a loss is reasonably possible and the loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated, we disclose the possible loss in the consolidated financial statements.
We review the developments in our contingencies that could affect the amount of the provisions that have been previously recorded, and the matters and related reasonably possible losses disclosed. We make adjustments to our provisions and changes to our disclosures accordingly to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and updated information. Significant judgment is required to determine both the probability and the estimated amount of loss.
The outcomes of litigation, indirect tax examinations and investigations are inherently uncertain. Therefore, if one or more of these matters were resolved against us for amounts in excess of management's expectations, our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows, including in a particular reporting period in which any such outcome becomes probable and estimable, could be materially adversely affected.
We recognize estimated losses from contingencies that relate to proceedings in which Drivers are the plaintiffs, or proceedings and regulatory penalties against Drivers for which we elect to either pay on behalf of or reimburse Drivers, as a reduction of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. All other estimated losses from contingencies are recognized in general and administrative expenses.
Legal fees and other costs associated with such actions are expensed as incurred.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers,” which requires entities to apply Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in a business combination as if it had originated the contracts. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022. We adopted the ASU on January 1, 2023 and will apply the guidance prospectively for future acquisitions.
In September 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-04, “Liabilities—Supplier Finance Programs (Subtopic 405-50): Disclosure of Supplier Finance Program Obligations,” which requires entities that use supplier finance programs in connection with the purchase of goods and services to disclose sufficient information about the program. The amendments do not affect the recognition, measurement or financial statement presentation of obligations covered by supplier finance programs. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022, except for the amendment on roll-forward information, which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. We adopted the ASU on January 1, 2023.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions,” which clarifies that contractual sale restrictions are not considered in measuring fair value of equity securities and requires additional disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted. This accounting standard update is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements as the amendments align with our existing policy.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which will add required disclosures of significant expenses for each reportable segment, as well as certain other disclosures to help investors understand how the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) evaluates segment expenses and operating results. The new standard will also allow disclosure of multiple measures of segment profitability, if those measures are used to allocate resources and assess performance. The amendments will be effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard update on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The standard is intended to benefit investors by providing more detailed income tax disclosures that would be useful in making capital allocation decisions. The standard will be effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard update on our consolidated financial statements.
v3.24.0.1
Revenue
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue
Note 2 – Revenue
The following tables present our revenues disaggregated by offering and geographical region. Revenue by geographical region is based on where the transaction occurred. This level of disaggregation takes into consideration how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Mobility revenue (1)
$6,953 $14,029 $19,832 
Delivery revenue (1)
8,362 10,901 12,204 
Freight revenue2,132 6,947 5,245 
All Other revenue8 — — 
Total revenue$17,455 $31,877 $37,281 
(1) We offer subscription memberships to end-users including Uber One, Uber Pass, Rides Pass, and Eats Pass (“Subscription”). We recognize Subscription fees ratably over the life of the pass. We allocate Subscription fees earned to Mobility and Delivery revenue on a proportional basis, based on usage for each offering during the respective period.
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
United States and Canada ("US&CAN")$10,094 $19,474 $20,436 
Latin America ("LatAm")1,417 1,978 2,512 
Europe, Middle East and Africa ("EMEA")3,213 6,944 9,904 
Asia Pacific ("APAC")2,731 3,481 4,429 
Total revenue$17,455 $31,877 $37,281 
Revenue
Mobility Revenue
We derive revenue from fees paid by Mobility Drivers for the use of our platform(s) and related services to facilitate and complete Mobility services and, in certain markets, revenue from fees paid by end-users for connection services obtained via the platform. Mobility revenue also includes immaterial revenue streams such as our financial partnerships products.
Additionally, in certain markets where we are responsible for Mobility services, fees charged to end-users are also included in revenue, while payments to Drivers in exchange for Mobility services are recognized in cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization.
Delivery Revenue
We derive revenue for Delivery from Merchants’ and Couriers’ use of the Delivery platform and related service to facilitate and complete Delivery transactions and, in certain markets, revenue from fees paid by end-users for connection services obtained via the platform.
Additionally, in certain markets where we are responsible for Delivery services, delivery fees charged to end-users are also included in revenue, while payments to Couriers in exchange for Delivery services are recognized in cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization. Delivery also includes advertising revenue from sponsored listing fees paid by Merchants and brands in exchange for advertising services.
Freight Revenue
Freight revenue consists of revenue from freight transportation services provided to shippers. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we completed the acquisition of Transplace, and as a result, our Freight revenue now also includes revenue from transportation management. Refer to Note 17 – Business Combinations for further information on the Transplace acquisition.
All Other Revenue
Prior to 2022, All Other revenue primarily includes collaboration revenue related to Apparate USA LLC (“Apparate” or the “ATG Business”).
ATG Business collaboration revenue was within the scope of ASC 808, Collaborative Arrangements, and related to a three-year joint collaboration agreement we entered into in 2019. During the first quarter of 2021, we completed the sale of our ATG Business to Aurora Innovation, Inc. (“Aurora”). Refer to Note 18 – Divestitures for further information.
Contract Balances and Remaining Performance Obligation
Contract liabilities represent consideration collected prior to satisfying our performance obligations. As of December 31, 2023, we had $122 million of contract liabilities included in accrued and other current liabilities as well as other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. Revenue recognized from these contracts during 2021, 2022 and 2023 was not material.
Our remaining performance obligation for contracts with an original expected length of greater than one year is expected to be recognized as follows (in millions):
Less Than or Equal To 12 MonthsGreater Than 12 MonthsTotal
As of December 31, 2023$22 $100 $122 
v3.24.0.1
Investments and Fair Value Measurement
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Investments and Fair Value Measurement
Note 3 – Investments and Fair Value Measurement
Investments
Our investments on the consolidated balance sheets consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Classified as short-term investments:
Marketable debt securities (1):
U.S. government and agency securities$44 $253 
Commercial paper46 288 
Corporate bonds13 181 
Certificates of deposit— 5 
Short-term investments$103 $727 
Classified as restricted investments:
Marketable debt securities (1):
U.S. government and agency securities$1,614 $4,426 
Commercial paper— 17 
Corporate bonds— 77 
Certificates of deposit— 259 
Restricted investments$1,614 $4,779 
Classified as investments:
Non-marketable equity securities:
Didi$1,802 $2,245 
Other (2)
312 329 
Marketable equity securities
Grab1,726 1,806 
Aurora364 1,425 
Other87 170 
Notes receivable from a related party (2), (3)
110 126 
Investments$4,401 $6,101 
(1) Excluding marketable debt securities classified as cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents.
(2) These balances include certain investments recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings due to the election of the fair value option of accounting for financial instruments.
(3) Consists of the Lime Convertible Note. Neutron Holdings, Inc. (“Lime”) is considered a related party as a result of our investment in Lime Common Stock. For further information, see the section titled “Lime Investments” below.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following table presents our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis based on the three-tier fair value hierarchy (in millions):
As of December 31, 2022As of December 31, 2023
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Financial Assets
Money market funds$1,005 $— $— $1,005 $1,153 $— $— $1,153 
U.S. government and agency securities— 1,975 — 1,975 — 4,840 — 4,840 
Commercial paper— 76 — 76 — 351 — 351 
Corporate bonds— 15 — 15 — 263 — 263 
Certificates of deposit— — — — — 266 — 266 
Non-marketable equity securities— — 3 3 — — — — 
Marketable equity securities2,177 — — 2,177 3,401 — — 3,401 
Notes receivable from a related party— — 110 110 — — 126 126 
Total financial assets$3,182 $2,066 $113 $5,361 $4,554 $5,720 $126 $10,400 
Financial Liabilities
MLU B.V. Call Option (1)
$— $— $2 $2 $— $— $— $— 
Total financial liabilities$— $— $2 $2 $— $— $— $— 
(1) For further information, see Note 4 - Equity Method Investments.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the amortized cost of our debt securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis approximates fair value. We did not record any material unrealized gains or losses, or credit losses as of December 31, 2022 and 2023. The weighted-average remaining maturity of our debt securities was less than one year as of December 31, 2023.
We did not make any transfers into or out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023.
Fair Value Hierarchy
We measure our cash equivalents and certain investments at fair value. Level 1 instrument valuations are based on quoted market prices of the identical underlying security. Level 2 instrument valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for comparable instruments, identical instruments in less active markets, or models using market observable inputs. Level 3 instrument valuations are valued based on unobservable inputs and other estimation techniques due to the absence of quoted market prices, inherent lack of liquidity and the long-term nature of such financial instruments.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, our Level 3 non-marketable equity securities and note receivable from a related party primarily consist of common stock investments and convertible secured notes that may be converted into common or preferred stock in privately held companies without readily determinable fair values.
Depending on the investee’s financing activity in a reporting period, management’s estimate of fair value may be primarily derived from the investee’s financing transactions, such as the issuance of preferred stock to new investors. The price in these transactions generally provides the best indication of the enterprise value of the investee. Additionally, based on the timing, volume, and other characteristics of the transaction, we may supplement this information by using other valuation techniques, including the guideline public company approach. The guideline public company approach relies on publicly available market data of comparable companies and uses comparative valuation multiples of the investee’s revenue (actual and forecasted), and therefore, unobservable input used in this valuation technique primarily consists of short-term revenue projections.
Once the fair value of the investee is estimated, an option-pricing model (“OPM”), a common stock equivalent (“CSE”) method or a hybrid approach is employed to allocate value to various classes of securities of the investee, including the class owned by us. The model involves making assumptions around the investees’ expected time to liquidity and volatility.
An increase or decrease in any of the unobservable inputs in isolation, such as the security price in a significant financing transaction of the investee, could result in a material increase or decrease in our estimate of fair value. Other unobservable inputs, including short-term revenue projections, time to liquidity, and volatility are less sensitive to the valuation in the respective reporting
periods, as a result of the primary weighting on the investee’s financing transactions. In the future, depending on the weight of evidence and valuation approaches used, these or other inputs may have a more significant impact on our estimate of fair value.
We determine realized gains or losses on the sale of equity and debt securities on a specific identification method.
Didi Investment
On June 30, 2021, Didi started trading on the New York Stock Exchange. Accordingly, our investment in preferred shares of Didi, which was previously accounted for under the measurement alternative on a non-recurring basis, was converted to ordinary shares with a readily determinable fair value and therefore changed to an investment measured at fair value on a recurring basis. For the year ended December 31, 2021, we recognized an unrealized loss of $3.0 billion on this investment in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of operations.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, our Didi investment is classified as a non-marketable equity security and is measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis with a readily available price based on significant other observable inputs (Level 2). For further information, see the section titled “Didi Investment” below.
Zomato Investment
In July 2021, Zomato Media Private Limited (“Zomato”), in which we held preferred shares that were previously classified as non-marketable equity securities and accounted for under the measurement alternative on a non-recurring basis, completed its IPO in India. Accordingly, our Zomato investment was converted to ordinary shares upon the completion of the IPO and was classified as a marketable equity security with a readily determinable fair value (Level 1). During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recognized an unrealized gain of $991 million on this investment in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of operations.
During the third quarter of 2022, we completed the sale of $418 million of our entire stake in Zomato ordinary shares for net proceeds of $376 million and recognized an immaterial loss from this transaction in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of operations.
Aurora Investment
On January 19, 2021, we completed the sale of our ATG Business to Aurora. As consideration for the sale of our ATG Business to Aurora, we received common stock in Aurora. Concurrently, we invested in Aurora’s preferred stock. For further information, refer to Note 18 – Divestitures.
We held one seat on Aurora’s board of directors and had the ability to hold a second seat, which, along with our common and preferred stock ownership (our “Aurora Investments”) generate significant influence. We elected to apply the fair value option to our Aurora common stock and preferred stock investments in order to provide consistency of accounting treatment to our Aurora Investments. The Aurora Investments are measured at fair value on a recurring basis with changes in fair value reflected in other income (expense), net, in the consolidated statements of operations.
On November 3, 2021, Aurora completed its planned special purpose acquisition company (“SPAC”) merger with Reinvent Technology Partners Y, resulting in Aurora becoming a publicly traded company post combination. Upon the completion of the merger, all of our Aurora Investments converted into shares of the newly issued Class A common stock of the publicly traded company. In addition, our ownership was significantly diluted and we lost the ability to appoint a second seat on Aurora’s board of directors. As a result, we no longer held significant influence over Aurora. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, our Aurora Investment has been classified as a marketable equity security with a readily determinable fair value (Level 1) in the table presenting our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. We recognized an unrealized gain of $1.6 billion, an unrealized loss of $3.0 billion, and unrealized gain of $985 million on this investment in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.
Summarized financial information for Aurora for the year ended December 31, 2021 is as follows (in millions):
Results of Operations DataYear Ended
December 31, 2021
Revenue$83 
Total operating expenses813 
Loss from operations(731)
Net loss(755)
Grab Investment
On December 1, 2021, Grab completed its planned SPAC merger with Altimeter Growth Corporation, resulting in Grab becoming a publicly traded company post combination. Upon the completion of the merger, our investment in Series G preferred shares of Grab, which was previously accounted for as an investment in an available-for-sale debt security due to the redemption feature of the shares, converted into the newly issued Class A ordinary shares of the publicly traded company. We recorded the fair value of our investment with changes in the fair value recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax through the date of the conversion. Upon the
conversion, we released the accumulative pre-tax unrealized gains on the investment of $2.8 billion recorded through other comprehensive income and recognized them as unrealized gains in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of operations for year ended December 31, 2021. Subsequent to the conversion, we recognized an unrealized loss of $1.2 billion, an unrealized loss of $2.1 billion, and an unrealized gain of $80 million on the investment in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively, for the fair value change of the equity security.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, our Grab investment has been classified as a marketable equity security with a readily determinable fair value (Level 1) in the table presenting our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
Lime Investments
In May 2020, we entered into a series of transactions and agreements with Neutron Holdings, Inc. (“Lime”) to divest our JUMP business. As part of this transaction, we received common stock (the “Lime Common Stock”), newly issued Lime Series 1-C preferred stock (“Lime 1-C Preferred Stock”) and fully vested warrants to purchase Lime Series 1-C Preferred Stock (“Lime 1-C Preferred Stock Warrants”). Lime Common Stock represents approximately 9% of fully-diluted (21% undiluted) ownership interest in Lime as of December 31, 2023.
Concurrently, we contributed $85 million of cash to Lime in exchange for a secured note convertible into Lime Series 3 Preferred Stock (the “Lime Convertible Note”), which may be converted at any time at our election representing 20% initial ownership in Lime as converted on a fully-diluted basis. In addition, we entered into a call option agreement which gives us for a two-year period beginning May 7, 2022 the right to acquire all of the outstanding equity interests of Lime held by its shareholders at fair value on the date of exercise, subject to regulatory approval. In December 2021, we contributed an additional $50 million of cash to Lime in exchange for a second convertible secured note that may be converted into common or preferred stock.
Our ownership in Lime is comprised of Lime Common Stock, Lime 1-C Preferred Stock, Lime 1-C Preferred Stock Warrants, and the Lime Convertible Note (collectively, the “2020 Lime Investments”) and represents approximately 29% on an as converted and fully-diluted basis as of December 31, 2023. We have one seat on Lime’s five-person board of directors. Our investment in Lime Common Stock and representation on Lime’s board of directors gives us the ability to exercise significant influence over Lime. We elected to apply the fair value option to our Lime Common Stock investment and therefore we are applying fair value accounting to all of the 2020 Lime Investments which provides for consistency of accounting treatment. The 2020 Lime Investments are measured at fair value on a recurring basis with changes in fair value reflected in earnings. The fair value of the 2020 Lime Investments as of December 31, 2022 of $113 million was determined by referencing a financing transaction and used as an input to an OPM. Other key inputs to the OPM were discount rates of 32% and 38%, volatility of 87% and time to liquidity of 1.50 years.
As of December 31, 2023, the fair value of the 2020 Lime Investments did not materially change and was not material.
Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value Using Level 3 Inputs
The following table presents a reconciliation of our financial assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in millions):
Non-marketable
Equity Securities		Notes ReceivableMLU B.V. Call Option
Balance as of December 31, 2021$32 $132 $193 
Change in fair value
Included in earnings(29)(22)(191)
Balance as of December 31, 20223 110 2 
Change in fair value
Included in earnings(3)16 (2)
Balance as of December 31, 2023$— $126 $— 
Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
Non-Financial Assets
Our non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets and property and equipment are adjusted to fair value when an impairment charge is recognized. Such fair value measurements are based predominately on Level 3 inputs.
Non-Marketable Equity Securities
Our non-marketable equity securities are investments in privately held companies without readily determinable fair values. The carrying value of our non-marketable equity securities are adjusted based on price changes from observable transactions of identical or similar securities of the same issuer (referred to as the measurement alternative) or for impairment. Any changes in carrying value are recorded within other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. Non-marketable equity securities are classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy because we estimate the fair value of these securities based on valuation methods, including the CSE and OPM methods, using the transaction price of similar securities issued by the investee adjusted for contractual rights and obligations of the securities we hold.
The following is a summary of unrealized gains and losses from remeasurement (referred to as upward or downward adjustments) recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations, and included as adjustments to the carrying value of non-marketable equity securities held during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 based on the observable price in an orderly transaction for the same or similar security of the same issuers (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Upward adjustments$71 $1,046 $908 
Downward adjustments (including impairment)— (641)(472)
Total unrealized gain (loss) for non-marketable equity securities$71 $405 $436 
Didi Investment
During the first quarter of 2021, we completed the sale of $500 million of our Didi shares and realized immaterial gains from this transaction. In addition, we recorded unrealized gains of $71 million from remeasurement of the carrying value of the remaining Didi shares under the measurement alternative during the three months ended March 31, 2021.
In the second quarter of 2022, Didi completed their delisting from the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE Delisting”). We concluded the ordinary shares held by us did not have a readily determinable fair value and should be accounted for under the measurement alternative method. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, Didi American Depositary Shares (“ADS”) continue to be traded in the over-the-counter (“OTC”) market. We determined that the Didi ADS were similar to the ordinary shares held prior to the NYSE Delisting. We then measured the investment to fair value based on the closing share price of the Didi ADS on the OTC market on December 31, 2023 as an observable transaction for similar securities. We recognized an unrealized loss of $1.0 billion and an unrealized gain of $443 million on this investment in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively.
We did not record any realized gains or losses for our non-marketable equity securities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023.
The following table summarizes the total carrying value of our non-marketable equity securities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis held, including cumulative unrealized upward and downward adjustments made to the initial cost basis of the securities (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Initial cost basis$1,700 $1,727 
Upward adjustments1,052 1,960 
Downward adjustments (including impairment)(641)(1,113)
Total carrying value at the end of the period$2,111 $2,574 
v3.24.0.1
Equity Method Investments
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Equity Method Investments
Note 4 - Equity Method Investments
The carrying value of our equity method investments were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Careem Technologies$— $300 
MLU B.V.816 — 
Other54 53 
Equity method investments$870 $353 
Careem Technologies Investment
In April 2023, we entered into a series of agreements with Emirates Telecommunication Group Company (“e&”) whereby e& will contribute $400 million into the Careem non-ridesharing business (“Careem Technologies”) in exchange for a majority equity interest. Upon closing of the transaction in December 2023, e& acquired a majority stake in Careem Technologies and we retained a minority ownership interest. Careem Technologies is considered a related party to us upon the closing of the transaction. We continue to fully own the ridesharing business of Careem.
Upon closing of the transaction, we recognized a gain of approximately $204 million during the fourth quarter of 2023, in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statement of operations. Additionally, we received two seats on Careem Technologies’ board and retained an approximately 42% equity ownership interest consisting of common stock in Careem Technologies. The initial fair value of our equity method investment in Careem Technologies is $300 million. The investment was determined to be an equity method investment due to our ability to exercise significant influence over Careem Technologies.
Included in the initial carrying value of $300 million was a preliminary estimated basis difference related to the difference between the cost of the investment and our proportionate share of the net assets of Careem Technologies. As of December 31, 2023, this basis difference was not material. The carrying value of the equity method investment will be primarily adjusted for our share in the income or losses of Careem Technologies on a one-quarter lag basis and amortization of basis differences.
We amortize the basis difference related to the intangible assets over the estimated useful lives of the assets that gave rise to the difference using the straight-line method. Equity method goodwill is not amortized.
MLU B.V. Investment
During 2018, we closed a transaction that contributed the net assets of our Uber Russia/CIS operations into a newly formed private limited liability company (“MLU B.V.” or “Yandex.Taxi joint venture”), with Yandex and us holding ownership interests in MLU B.V. In exchange for consideration contributed, we received a seat on MLU B.V.’s board and an initial 38% equity ownership interest consisting of common stock in MLU B.V. The investment was determined to be an equity method investment due to our ability to exercise significant influence over MLU B.V. As of December 31, 2022, our equity ownership interest in MLU B.V. was 29% on a fully-diluted basis.
We review for impairment whenever factors indicate that the carrying value of the equity method investment may not be recoverable. During the first quarter of 2022, we determined that our investment in MLU B.V. was other-than-temporarily impaired, and recorded an impairment charge of $182 million in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statement of operations. The impairment was primarily due to consensus projections of a protracted recession of the Russian economy as a result of Russia's invasion of Ukraine. To determine the fair value of our investment in MLU B.V., we utilized a market approach referencing revenue multiples from publicly traded peer companies.
2021
On August 30, 2021, we entered into an agreement with Yandex (the “Framework Agreement”) to restructure our joint ventures, MLU B.V. and Yandex Self Driving Group B.V. (“SDG”) and we would sell to Yandex (i) our 4.5% equity interest in MLU B.V. and (ii) our entire equity interest in SDG (the “Initial Closing”). Subsequent to the Initial Closing, Yandex spun-off, by way of demerger from MLU B.V., its delivery businesses: Yandex.Eats, Yandex.Lavka and Yandex.Delivery (collectively, “Demerged Businesses”). Immediately following the demerger, Yandex acquired all of our equity interest in the Demerged Businesses (“Demerger Share Closing”). In connection with the Framework Agreement, we granted Yandex an option (“MLU B.V. Call Option”) to acquire our remaining equity interest in MLU B.V. during the two-year period following the Initial Closing. The total consideration paid by Yandex to us for the transaction was $1.0 billion in cash allocated as follows: (i) $276 million for our 4.5% of equity interest in MLU B.V.; (ii) $412 million for our equity interest in the Demerged Businesses; (iii) $230 million for the MLU B.V. Call Option; and (iv) the remaining immaterial amounts to our interest in SDG.
Initial Closing
During the third quarter of 2021 and pursuant to the Framework Agreement, we completed the sale of our entire equity interest in SDG and 4.5% of equity interest in MLU B.V. to Yandex. At the initial closing, we derecognized 4.5% of equity interest in MLU B.V. and recognized a gain of $106 million in other income (expense), net on our consolidated statement of operations. The consideration allocated and gains recognized for the sale of our entire equity interest in SDG were not material.
Demerger Share Closing
During the fourth quarter of 2021 and pursuant to the Framework Agreement, MLU B.V. completed the spin-off of the Demerger Businesses and Yandex acquired all of our equity interest in the Demerged Businesses. As a result, we derecognized our entire equity interest in the Demerged Businesses and recognized a gain of $242 million in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of operations.
2023
Sale of Our Remaining Interest in MLU B.V.
On April 21, 2023, we entered into and closed on a definitive agreement to sell our remaining 29% equity interest in MLU B.V. to Yandex for $703 million in cash and recognized an immaterial loss from this transaction recorded in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of operations during the year ended December 31, 2023. After this transaction, we no longer have an equity interest in MLU B.V.
MLU B.V. Call Option
The MLU B.V. Call Option was recorded as a liability in accrued and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets, initially valued at $230 million and measured at fair value on a recurring basis with changes in fair value recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations.
As of December 31, 2022, the fair value of the MLU B.V. Call Option was $2 million. We recorded a $191 million net gain for the fair value change during the year ended December 31, 2022. To determine the fair value of the MLU B.V. Call Option as of December 31, 2022, we used a lattice model which simulated multiple scenarios of the exercise behaviors and the corresponding strike prices over the term of the call option. Key inputs to the lattice model were: the underlying business value; option term of 0.7 years; volatility of 65%; risk-free interest rates; and strike price (Level 3).
As part of our sale of our remaining interest in MLU B.V. to Yandex during the second quarter of 2023, the MLU B.V. Call Option was extinguished and we recognized a gain that was not material in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of operations during the year ended December 31, 2023.
v3.24.0.1
Property and Equipment, Net
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Property and Equipment, Net
Note 5 – Property and Equipment, Net
The components of property and equipment, net were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Land$65 $65 
Building and site improvements739 739 
Leasehold improvements609 658 
Computer equipment529 542 
Leased computer equipment712 683 
Leased vehicles11 2 
Internal-use software389 488 
Furniture and fixtures94 94 
Construction in progress219 203 
Total3,367 3,474 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(1,285)(1,401)
Property and equipment, net$2,082 $2,073 
Amounts in construction in progress represent buildings, leasehold improvements, assets under construction, and other assets not placed in service.
Depreciation expense relating to property and equipment was $393 million, $346 million, and $355 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. Included in these amounts were depreciation expense for leased computer equipment in the amount of $217 million, $186 million, and $187 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. Accumulated depreciation and amortization included $305 million and $250 million of leased computer equipment depreciation as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively.
Amortization of capitalized software development costs was not material for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023.
v3.24.0.1
Leases
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases
Note 6 - Leases    
Our leases primarily include corporate offices, data centers, and servers. The lease term of operating and finance leases vary from less than a year to 76 years. We have leases that include one or more options to extend the lease term for up to 14 years as well as options to terminate the lease within one year. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise such options. Our lease agreements generally do not contain any residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants.
The components of our lease expense were as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Lease cost
Finance lease cost:
      Amortization of assets$217 $186 $188 
      Interest of lease liabilities12 13 31 
Operating lease cost
299 304 321 
Short-term lease cost7 7 10 
Variable lease cost96 142 129 
Sublease income(5)(17)(22)
Total lease cost$626 $635 $657 
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Other information
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from financing leases$11 $13 $32 
Operating cash flows from operating leases297 339 335 
Financing cash flows from financing leases226 184 171 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating lease liabilities$273 $329 $84 
Finance lease liabilities184 349 216 
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in millions, except lease term and discount rate):
As of December 31,
20222023
Operating Leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets$1,449 $1,241 
Operating lease liability, current$201 $190 
Operating lease liabilities, non-current1,673 1,550 
     Total operating lease liabilities$1,874 $1,740 
As of December 31,
20222023
Finance Leases
Property and equipment, at cost$712 $683 
Accumulated depreciation(305)(250)
     Property and equipment, net $407 $433 
Other current liabilities$115 $156 
Other long-term liabilities284 322 
     Total finance leases liabilities$399 $478 
As of December 31,
20222023
Weighted-average remaining lease term
     Operating leases15 years15 years
     Finance leases3 years3 years
Weighted-average discount rate
     Operating leases6.6 %6.6 %
     Finance leases5.7 %6.3 %
Maturities of lease liabilities were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31, 2023
Operating LeasesFinance Leases
2024$294 $199 
2025272 171 
2026236 131 
2027218 22 
2028196 — 
Thereafter1,899 1 
Total undiscounted lease payments3,115 524 
Less: imputed interest(1,375)(46)
Total lease liabilities$1,740 $478 
As of December 31, 2023, additional operating leases and finance leases that have not yet commenced are immaterial.
Mission Bay 1 & 2
In 2015, we entered into a joint venture (“JV”) agreement with a real estate developer (“JV Partner”) to develop land (“the Land”) in San Francisco to construct our new headquarters (the “Headquarters”). The Headquarters consists of two adjacent office buildings totaling approximately 423,000 rentable square feet. In connection with the JV arrangement, we acquired a 49% interest in the JV, the principal asset of which was the Land.
In 2016, we and the JV Partner agreed to dissolve the JV and terminate our commitment to the lease of the Headquarters (together “the real estate transaction”) and we retained a 49% indirect interest in the Land (“Indirect Interest”). Under the terms of the real estate transaction, we obtained the rights and title to the partially constructed building, completed the development of the two office buildings and retained a 100% ownership in the buildings. In connection with the real estate transaction, we also executed two 75-year land lease agreements (“Land Leases”). As of December 31, 2023, commitments under the Land Leases total $116 million until February 2032. After 2032, the annual rent amount will adjust annually based on the prevailing consumer price index.
The real estate transaction is accounted for as a financing transaction of our 49% Indirect Interest due to our continuing involvement through a purchase option on the Indirect Interest. As a financing transaction, the cash and deferred sales proceeds received from the real estate transaction are recorded as a financing obligation. As of December 31, 2023, our Indirect Interest of $65 million is included in property and equipment, net and a corresponding financing obligation of $76 million is included in other long-term liabilities. Future land lease payments of $1.7 billion are allocated 49% to the financing obligation of the Indirect Interest and 51% to the operating lease of land.
Future minimum payments related to the financing obligations as of December 31, 2023 are summarized below (in millions):
Future Minimum Payments
Fiscal Year Ending December 31,
2024$6 
20256 
20267 
20277 
20287 
Thereafter798 
Total$831 
Leases
Note 6 - Leases    
Our leases primarily include corporate offices, data centers, and servers. The lease term of operating and finance leases vary from less than a year to 76 years. We have leases that include one or more options to extend the lease term for up to 14 years as well as options to terminate the lease within one year. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise such options. Our lease agreements generally do not contain any residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants.
The components of our lease expense were as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Lease cost
Finance lease cost:
      Amortization of assets$217 $186 $188 
      Interest of lease liabilities12 13 31 
Operating lease cost
299 304 321 
Short-term lease cost7 7 10 
Variable lease cost96 142 129 
Sublease income(5)(17)(22)
Total lease cost$626 $635 $657 
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Other information
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from financing leases$11 $13 $32 
Operating cash flows from operating leases297 339 335 
Financing cash flows from financing leases226 184 171 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating lease liabilities$273 $329 $84 
Finance lease liabilities184 349 216 
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in millions, except lease term and discount rate):
As of December 31,
20222023
Operating Leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets$1,449 $1,241 
Operating lease liability, current$201 $190 
Operating lease liabilities, non-current1,673 1,550 
     Total operating lease liabilities$1,874 $1,740 
As of December 31,
20222023
Finance Leases
Property and equipment, at cost$712 $683 
Accumulated depreciation(305)(250)
     Property and equipment, net $407 $433 
Other current liabilities$115 $156 
Other long-term liabilities284 322 
     Total finance leases liabilities$399 $478 
As of December 31,
20222023
Weighted-average remaining lease term
     Operating leases15 years15 years
     Finance leases3 years3 years
Weighted-average discount rate
     Operating leases6.6 %6.6 %
     Finance leases5.7 %6.3 %
Maturities of lease liabilities were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31, 2023
Operating LeasesFinance Leases
2024$294 $199 
2025272 171 
2026236 131 
2027218 22 
2028196 — 
Thereafter1,899 1 
Total undiscounted lease payments3,115 524 
Less: imputed interest(1,375)(46)
Total lease liabilities$1,740 $478 
As of December 31, 2023, additional operating leases and finance leases that have not yet commenced are immaterial.
Mission Bay 1 & 2
In 2015, we entered into a joint venture (“JV”) agreement with a real estate developer (“JV Partner”) to develop land (“the Land”) in San Francisco to construct our new headquarters (the “Headquarters”). The Headquarters consists of two adjacent office buildings totaling approximately 423,000 rentable square feet. In connection with the JV arrangement, we acquired a 49% interest in the JV, the principal asset of which was the Land.
In 2016, we and the JV Partner agreed to dissolve the JV and terminate our commitment to the lease of the Headquarters (together “the real estate transaction”) and we retained a 49% indirect interest in the Land (“Indirect Interest”). Under the terms of the real estate transaction, we obtained the rights and title to the partially constructed building, completed the development of the two office buildings and retained a 100% ownership in the buildings. In connection with the real estate transaction, we also executed two 75-year land lease agreements (“Land Leases”). As of December 31, 2023, commitments under the Land Leases total $116 million until February 2032. After 2032, the annual rent amount will adjust annually based on the prevailing consumer price index.
The real estate transaction is accounted for as a financing transaction of our 49% Indirect Interest due to our continuing involvement through a purchase option on the Indirect Interest. As a financing transaction, the cash and deferred sales proceeds received from the real estate transaction are recorded as a financing obligation. As of December 31, 2023, our Indirect Interest of $65 million is included in property and equipment, net and a corresponding financing obligation of $76 million is included in other long-term liabilities. Future land lease payments of $1.7 billion are allocated 49% to the financing obligation of the Indirect Interest and 51% to the operating lease of land.
Future minimum payments related to the financing obligations as of December 31, 2023 are summarized below (in millions):
Future Minimum Payments
Fiscal Year Ending December 31,
2024$6 
20256 
20267 
20277 
20287 
Thereafter798 
Total$831 
v3.24.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Note 7 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The following table presents the changes in the carrying value of goodwill by segment (in millions):
MobilityDeliveryFreightTotal Goodwill
Balance as of January 1, 2022$2,581 $4,401 $1,438 $8,420 
Acquisitions64 — — 64 
Measurement period adjustment2 — (2)— 
Divestiture(16)— — (16)
Foreign currency translation adjustment(210)4 1 (205)
Balance as of December 31, 20222,421 4,405 1,437 8,263 
Loss on disposal(9)— — (9)
Divestiture— (36)— (36)
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments(75)— 8 (67)
Balance as of December 31, 2023$2,337 $4,369 $1,445 $8,151 
Intangible Assets
The components of intangible assets, net were as follows (in millions except years):
Gross Carrying ValueAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying ValueWeighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years
December 31, 2022
Consumer, Merchant and other relationships$1,825 $(506)$1,319 9
Developed technology921 (517)404 5
Trade name, trademarks and other247 (96)151 6
Intangible assets$2,993 $(1,119)$1,874 
Gross Carrying ValueAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying ValueWeighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years
December 31, 2023
Consumer, Merchant and other relationships$1,800 $(697)$1,103 8
Developed technology890 (621)269 5
Trade name, trademarks and other154 (101)53 4
Intangible assets$2,844 $(1,419)$1,425 
Amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization was $439 million, $523 million, and $362 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.
The estimated aggregate future amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization as of December 31, 2023 is summarized below (in millions):
Estimated Future Amortization Expense
Year Ending December 31,
2024$291 
2025248 
2026187 
2027171 
2028128 
Thereafter398 
Total$1,423 
v3.24.0.1
Long-Term Debt and Revolving Credit Arrangements
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Long-Term Debt and Revolving Credit Arrangements
Note 8 – Long-Term Debt and Revolving Credit Arrangements
Components of debt, including the associated effective interest rates and maturities were as follows (in millions, except for percentages):
As of December 31,
20222023Effective Interest RatesMaturities
2025 Refinanced Term Loan$1,433 $— — %—
2027 Refinanced Term Loan1,078 — — %—
2030 Refinanced Term Loans— 1,986 8.3 %March 3, 2030
2025 Senior Note1,000 — — %—
2026 Senior Note1,500 1,500 8.1 %November 1, 2026
2027 Senior Note1,200 1,200 7.7 %September 15, 2027
2028 Senior Note500 500 7.0 %January 15, 2028
2029 Senior Note1,500 1,500 4.7 %August 15, 2029
2025 Convertible Notes1,150 1,150 0.2 %December 15, 2025
2028 Convertible Notes— 1,725 0.9 %December 1, 2028
Total debt9,361 9,561 
Less: unamortized discount and issuance costs(69)(77)
Less: current portion of long-term debt(27)(25)
Total long-term debt$9,265 $9,459 

2016 and 2018 Senior Secured Term Loans Refinancing
On February 25, 2021, we entered into a refinancing transaction under which we borrowed $2.6 billion pursuant to an amendment to the 2016 Senior Secured Term Loan agreement, the proceeds of which were used to repay in full all previously outstanding loans under the 2016 Senior Secured Term Loan agreement and the 2018 Senior Secured Term Loan agreement. The $2.6 billion was comprised of (i) a $1.1 billion tranche with a maturity date of February 25, 2027, replacing the 2016 Senior Secured Term Loan as a Refinancing Term Loan (the “2027 Refinanced Term Loan”), and (ii) a $1.5 billion tranche with a maturity date of April 4, 2025, replacing the 2018 Senior Secured Term Loan as an Incremental Term Loan (the “2025 Refinanced Term Loan”). The interest rate for the 2027 Refinanced Term Loan and the 2025 Refinanced Term Loan was the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 3.50% per annum, subject to a floor of 0.00%. The refinancing transaction qualified as a debt modification that did not result in an extinguishment. In March 2023, we entered into a refinancing transaction, the proceeds of which were used to repay in full, our previously outstanding 2025 Refinanced Term Loan and the 2027 Refinanced Term Loan, as described in the section titled “2030 Refinanced Term Loans” below.
2030 Refinanced Term Loans
In March 2023, we entered into two refinancing transactions pursuant to an amendment to the 2016 Senior Secured Term Loan Agreement. On March 3, 2023, we entered into a refinancing transaction under which we borrowed $1.75 billion (“First Closing”), the proceeds of which were used to repay in full the outstanding 2025 Refinanced Term Loan of $1.4 billion and $317 million of the outstanding 2027 Refinanced Term Loan. On March 14, 2023, we entered into the second refinancing transaction under which we borrowed $761 million (“Second Closing”), the proceeds of which were used to repay in full the outstanding 2027 Refinanced Term Loan. The Second Closing constituted an additional term loan in the same tranche as the First Closing (collectively, the “2030
Refinanced Term Loans”).
The 2030 Refinanced Term Loans have a maturity date of March 3, 2030. The interest rate for the 2030 Refinanced Term Loans is Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus 2.75% per annum, subject to a floor of 0.00%. The refinancing transactions qualified as both a debt modification and debt extinguishment. As a result, we recognized an immaterial loss on debt extinguishment during the year ended December 31, 2023 in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of operations. The refinancing transactions resulted in: (i) $1.1 billion cash inflow from the issuance of the 2030 Refinanced Term Loans, net of issuance costs, from new lenders and additional principal from existing lenders; (ii) a $1.1 billion cash outflow of principal payments on the 2025 Refinanced Term Loan and 2027 Refinanced Term Loan to exiting lenders and lower principal from existing lenders. The cash inflow and cash outflow are recorded within cash flows from financing activities in our consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2023.
In November 2023, we used a portion of the net proceeds from our 2028 Convertible Notes offering, described below, to pay down $500 million of our 2030 Refinanced Term Loans. As a result, we recognized an immaterial loss on debt extinguishment for the year ended December 31, 2023 in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of operations. The partial extinguishment did not result in any changes to the terms of our 2030 Refinanced Term Loans.
The 2030 Refinanced Term Loans are guaranteed by certain of our material domestic restricted subsidiaries. The 2030 Refinanced Term Loans agreements contain customary covenants restricting our and certain of our subsidiaries’ ability to incur debt, incur liens and undergo certain fundamental changes. We were in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2023. The loan is secured by certain of our intellectual property and equity of certain material foreign subsidiaries.
The fair value of our 2030 Refinanced Term Loans was $2.0 billion as of December 31, 2023 and was determined based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, which is considered a Level 2 valuation input.
During the first quarter of 2023, we identified an immaterial error related to the 2021 statement of cash flows, which omitted a $282 million cash inflow from the issuance of the 2025 and 2027 Refinanced Term Loans and a $282 million cash outflow of principal repayment of the 2016 and 2018 Senior Secured Term Loans within cash flows from financing activities. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2021 reflects the correction of this error to previously issued financial statements. The correction resulted in a net impact of $0 on net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021.
2028 Convertible Notes and Capped Call Transactions
2028 Convertible Notes
In November 2023, we issued $1.73 billion aggregate principal amount of 0.875% convertible senior notes due in 2028 (the “2028 Convertible Notes”), including the exercise in full by the initial purchasers of the 2028 Convertible Notes of their option to purchase up to an additional $225 million principal amount of the 2028 Convertible Notes. The 2028 Convertible Notes were issued in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act. The interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning on June 1, 2024, and the notes will mature on December 1, 2028, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased. The net proceeds from this offering were approximately $1.70 billion, after deducting the debt issuance costs. We used a portion of the net proceeds from this offering to fund the cost of entering into the capped call transactions, described below. Additionally, we used the remainder of the net proceeds, along with cash on hand, to redeem all of our outstanding 2025 Senior Notes and partially pay down our 2030 Refinanced Term Loans.
Holders of the 2028 Convertible Notes may convert their notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding September 1, 2028 only under the following circumstances: (i) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2024 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (ii) during the five business day period after any ten consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price (as defined below) per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; (iii) if we call such notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding the applicable redemption date; or (iv) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after September 1, 2028 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.
As of December 31, 2023, none of the conditions permitting the holders of the 2028 Convertible Notes to convert their notes early had been met. Therefore, the 2028 Convertible Notes are classified as long-term.
The initial conversion rate is 13.7848 shares of the common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes, equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $72.54 per share of the common stock. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment in some events but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest.
Upon conversion of the 2028 Convertible Notes, we must pay cash up to the aggregate principal amount of the notes to be converted and pay or deliver as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election in respect of the remainder, if any, of our conversion obligation in excess of the aggregate principal amount of the notes being converted.
We may not redeem the notes prior to December 5, 2026. We may redeem for cash all or any portion of the notes, at our option, on or after December 5, 2026, if the last reported sale price of our common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date.
The indenture governing the 2028 Convertible Notes does not contain any financial or operating covenants or restrictions on the payments of dividends, the incurrence of indebtedness or the issuance or repurchase of securities by us or any of our subsidiaries.
The fair value of our 2028 Convertible Notes was $1.9 billion as of December 31, 2023 and was determined based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, which is considered a Level 2 valuation input.
Capped Calls
In connection with the issuance of the 2028 Convertible Notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (“the Capped Calls”) with certain of the initial purchasers of the 2028 Convertible Notes or their respective affiliates (the “option counterparties”) at a cost of approximately $141 million. The Capped Calls cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock initially underlying the 2028 Convertible Notes. By entering into the Capped Calls, we expect to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock (or, in the event a conversion of the 2028 Convertible Notes is settled in cash, to reduce our cash payment obligation) in the event that at the time of conversion of the 2028 Convertible Notes the trading price of our common stock price exceeds the conversion price of the 2028 Convertible Notes.
The initial cap price of the Capped Calls was approximately $95.81 per share, which represents a premium of 75% over the last reported sale price of our common stock of $54.75 on the New York Stock Exchange on November 20, 2023, and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the Capped Calls. The Capped Calls were included in additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023, with no remeasurement in subsequent periods as it meets the conditions for equity classification.
2025 Convertible Notes
In December 2020, we issued $1.15 billion aggregate principal amount of 0% convertible senior notes due in 2025 (the “2025 Convertible Notes”), including the exercise in full by the initial purchasers of the 2025 Convertible Notes of their option to purchase up to an additional $150 million principal amount of the 2025 Convertible Notes. The 2025 Convertible Notes were issued in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule144A under the Securities Act. The 2025 Convertible Notes will mature on December 15, 2025, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased.
Holders of the 2025 Convertible Notes may convert their notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding September 15, 2025 only under the following circumstances: (i) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2021 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (ii) during the five business day period after any ten consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price (as defined below) per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; (iii) if we call such notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding the applicable redemption date; or (iv) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after September 15, 2025 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.
As of December 31, 2023, none of the conditions permitting the holders of the 2025 Convertible Notes to convert their notes early had been met. Therefore, the 2025 Convertible Notes are classified as long-term.
The initial conversion rate is 12.3701 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes, equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $80.84 per share of common stock. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment in some events but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid special interest.
Upon conversion of the 2025 Convertible Notes, we will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election. We may not redeem the notes prior to December 20, 2023. We may redeem for cash all or any portion of the notes, at our option, on or after December 20, 2023 if the last reported sale price of our common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive)
during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid special interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date.
The indenture governing the 2025 Convertible Notes does not contain any financial or operating covenants or restrictions on the payments of dividends, the incurrence of indebtedness or the issuance or repurchase of securities by us or any of our subsidiaries.
Prior to the adoption of ASU 2020-06, the proceeds from the issuance of the 2025 Convertible Notes were allocated between the conversion feature recorded as equity and the liability for the notes themselves. The difference of $243 million between the principal amount of the 2025 Convertible Notes and the liability component (the “debt discount”) was amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the 2025 Convertible Notes. The equity component of the 2025 Convertible Notes was included in additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 and was not remeasured as it continued to meet the conditions for equity classification. To determine the fair value of the liability component of the 2025 Convertible Notes as of the pricing date, we used the binomial model with inputs of time to maturity, conversion ratio, our stock price, risk free rate and volatility.
Effective January 1, 2021, we early adopted ASU 2020-06 using the modified retrospective approach. The adoption of this standard resulted in a decrease to additional paid-in capital of $243 million and an increase to our 2025 Convertible Notes by the same amount. At adoption, there was no adjustment recorded to the opening accumulated deficit. As a result of the adoption, starting on January 1, 2021 interest expense is reduced as a result of accounting for the 2025 Convertible Notes as a single liability measured at its amortized cost.
The fair value of our 2025 Convertible Notes was $1.2 billion as of December 31, 2023 and was determined based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, which is considered a Level 2 valuation input.
Amendments to 2025 Convertible Notes
On November 24, 2023, we entered into the First Supplemental Indenture (the “First Supplemental Indenture”), to an indenture, dated as of December 11, 2020 (the “Base Indenture”), by and between us and the U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee, governing our outstanding 2025 Convertible Notes. Pursuant to the First Supplemental Indenture, we irrevocably elected (i) to eliminate our option to choose Physical Settlement (as defined in the Base Indenture) on any conversion of the 2025 Convertible Notes that occurs on or after the date of the First Supplemental Indenture, (ii) Cash Settlement or Combination Settlement (each as defined in the Base Indenture) as the Settlement Method of any conversion of the 2025 Convertible Notes and (iii) that, with respect to any Combination Settlement for a conversion of the 2025 Convertible Notes, the Specified Dollar Amount (as defined in the Base Indenture) that will be settled in cash per $1,000 principal amount of the 2025 Convertible Notes will be no lower than $1,000.
Senior Notes
In October 2018, we issued five-year notes with aggregate principal amount of $500 million due on November 1, 2023 (the “2023 Senior Notes”) and eight-year notes with aggregate principal amount of $1.5 billion due on November 1, 2026 (the “2026 Senior Notes”) in a private placement offering totaling $2.0 billion. We issued the 2023 and 2026 Senior Notes at par and paid approximately $9 million for debt issuance costs. The interest is payable semi-annually on May 1 and November 1 of each year at 7.5% per annum and 8.0% per annum, respectively, beginning on May 1, 2019, and the entire principal amount is due at the time of maturity.
In September 2019, we issued eight-year notes with aggregate principal amount of $1.2 billion due on September 15, 2027 (the “2027 Senior Notes”) in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule144A under the Securities Act. We issued the 2027 Senior Notes at par and paid approximately $11 million for debt issuance costs. The interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year at 7.5% per annum, beginning on March 15, 2020, and the entire principal amount is due at the time of maturity.
In May 2020, we issued five-year notes with an aggregate principal amount of $1.0 billion due on May 15, 2025 (the “2025 Senior Notes”) in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act. We issued the 2025 Senior Notes at par and paid approximately $8 million for debt issuance costs. The interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year at 7.5% per annum, beginning on November 15, 2020, and the entire principal amount is due at the time of maturity. In December, 2023, we used a portion of the net proceeds from our 2028 Convertible Notes offering, discussed above, along with cash on hand, to redeem, in full, the outstanding 2025 Senior Notes. As a result, we recognized an immaterial loss on debt extinguishment for the year ended December 31, 2023 in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of operations. Following the redemption, the 2025 Senior Notes are no longer outstanding.
In September 2020, we issued eight-year notes with an aggregate principal amount of $500 million due on January 15, 2028 (the “2028 Senior Notes”) in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act. We issued the 2028 Senior Notes at par and paid approximately $5 million for debt issuance costs. The interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year at 6.25% per annum, beginning on July 15, 2021, and the entire principal amount is due at the time of maturity. In October 2020, we used the net proceeds from this offering, along with cash on hand, to redeem, in full, the
outstanding 2023 Senior Notes. The redemption of the 2023 Senior Notes was for substantially identical 2028 Senior Notes. Following the redemption, there were no 2023 Senior Notes outstanding.
In August 2021, we issued eight-year notes with an aggregate principal amount of $1.5 billion due on August 15, 2029 (the “2029 Senior Notes”) in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act. We issued the 2029 Senior Notes at par and paid approximately $16 million for debt issuance costs. The interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year at 4.50% per annum, beginning on February 15, 2022, and the entire principal amount is due at the time of maturity and therefore, the 2029 Senior Notes are classified as long-term. We used the net proceeds from this offering to finance a portion of the consideration payable in cash, and certain related fees and expenses incurred, in connection with the acquisition of Transplace, by our majority-owned subsidiary, Uber Freight Holding Corporation (“Freight Holding”). Refer to Note 17 – Business Combinations for additional information on the Transplace acquisition.
The 2026, 2027, 2028 and 2029 Senior Notes (collectively “Senior Notes”) are guaranteed by certain of our material domestic restricted subsidiaries. The indentures governing the Senior Notes contain customary covenants restricting our and certain of our subsidiaries’ ability to incur debt and incur liens, as well as certain financial covenants specified in the indentures. We were in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2023.
The following table presents the fair values of our Senior Notes as of December 31, 2023, and were determined based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, which is considered a Level 2 valuation input (in millions):
As of December 31, 2023
2026 Senior Note1,528 
2027 Senior Note1,238 
2028 Senior Note503 
2029 Senior Note1,431 
Total$4,700 
The future principal payments for our long-term debt as of December 31, 2023 is summarized as follows (in millions):
Future Minimum Payments
Year Ending December 31,
2024$25 
20251,175 
20261,525 
20271,225 
20281,750 
Thereafter3,860 
Total$9,560 
The following table presents the amount of interest expense recognized relating to the contractual interest coupon and amortization of the debt discount and issuance costs with respect to our long-term debt, for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Contractual interest coupon$464 $510 $577 
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs16 15 18 
Total interest expense from long-term debt$480 $525 $595 
Revolving Credit Arrangements
We have a revolving credit agreement initially entered into during 2015 with certain lenders, which provides for $2.3 billion in credit maturing on June 13, 2023 (“Revolving Credit Facility”). On April 4, 2022, we entered into an amendment to our Revolving Credit Facility to, among other things, (i) provide for approximately $2.2 billion of revolving credit commitments, (ii) extend the maturity date for the commitments and loans from June 13, 2023 to April 4, 2027, (iii) reduce the minimum liquidity covenant from $1.5 billion to $1.0 billion, (iv) replace the LIBOR based interest rate with a SOFR based interest rate, and (v) make certain other changes to the negative covenants under the amended revolving credit agreement. The Revolving Credit Facility may be guaranteed by certain of our material domestic restricted subsidiaries based on certain conditions. The credit agreement contains customary covenants restricting our and certain of our subsidiaries’ ability to incur debt, incur liens, and undergo certain fundamental changes, as
well as maintain a certain level of liquidity specified in the contractual agreement. The credit agreement also contains customary events of default. The Revolving Credit Facility also contains restrictions on the payment of dividends.
On July 28, 2023, we entered into a joinder agreement to our Revolving Credit Facility to add an incremental revolving loan lender and increase the available commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility by an aggregate principal amount of $250 million. The joinder agreement brings the total revolver capacity to approximately $2.5 billion. There were no changes to the pricing or maturity of the Revolving Credit Facility.
As of December 31, 2023, there was no balance outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility.
Additionally, in February 2023, Freight Holding entered into a $300 million senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility guaranteed by the assets of Freight Holding. As of December 31, 2023, there was no balance outstanding on Freight Holding’s revolving credit facility.
Letters of Credit
For purposes of securing obligations related to leases and other contractual obligations, we also maintain an agreement for letters of credit, which is collateralized by our Revolving Credit Facility and reduces the amount of credit available. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, we had letters of credit outstanding of $839 million and $975 million, respectively, of which the letters of credit that reduced the available credit under the Revolving Credit Facility were $261 million and $287 million, respectively.
v3.24.0.1
Supplemental Financial Statement Information
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Supplemental Financial Statement Information
Note 9 – Supplemental Financial Statement Information
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Prepaid expenses$310 $400 
Other receivables710 717 
Other459 564 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets$1,479 $1,681 
Accrued and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued and other current liabilities were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Accrued legal, regulatory and non-income taxes$1,573 $1,044 
Accrued Drivers and Merchants liability1,593 1,996 
Accrued compensation and employee benefits587 710 
Income and other tax liabilities476 684 
Commitment to issue unsecured convertible notes in connection with Careem acquisition152 128 
Other1,851 1,896 
Accrued and other current liabilities$6,232 $6,458 
Other Long-Term Liabilities
Other long-term liabilities were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Deferred tax liabilities$27 $56 
Other759 776 
Other long-term liabilities$786 $832 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The changes in composition of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, for the were as follows (in millions):
Foreign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Securities, Net of TaxTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2020$(581)$46 $(535)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications (1)
57 2,562 2,619 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (1), (2)
— (2,608)(2,608)
Other comprehensive income (loss)57 (46)11 
Balance as of December 31, 2021$(524)$— $(524)
(1) On December 1, 2021, Grab completed its planned SPAC merger with Altimeter Growth Corporation, resulting in Grab becoming a publicly traded company post combination. Upon the completion of the merger, our investment in Series G preferred shares of Grab converted into the newly issued Class A ordinary shares of the publicly traded company. Upon the conversion, we released the accumulative pre-tax unrealized gains recorded through other comprehensive income and recognized them as unrealized gains in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of operations as of December 31, 2021. Refer to Note 3 – Investments and Fair Value Measurement for further information.
(2) The amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income are recorded in other income (expense), net and the related tax impact of $176 million is recorded in provision for (benefit from) income taxes on the consolidated statement of operations.
Foreign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Securities, Net of TaxTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2021$(524)$— $(524)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications81 — 81 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income— — — 
Other comprehensive income (loss)81 — 81 
Balance as of December 31, 2022$(443)$— $(443)

Foreign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Securities, Net of TaxTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2022$(443)$— $(443)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications(123)5 (118)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (1)
140 — 140 
Other comprehensive income (loss)17 5 22 
Balance as of December 31, 2023$(426)$5 $(421)
(1) The amounts were reported as part of the loss from the sale of our remaining interest in MLU B.V., which was recorded in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of operations during the year ended December 31, 2023. Refer to Note 4 - Equity Method Investments for further information.
Other Income (Expense), Net
The components of other income (expense), net were as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Interest income$37 $139 $484 
Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net(67)(147)(182)
Gain on business divestitures, net (1)
1,684 14 204 
Gain (loss) from sale of investments (2)
413 — (74)
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net (3)
1,142 (7,045)1,610 
Impairment of equity method investment (4)
— (182)— 
Revaluation of MLU B.V. call option (5)
— 191 — 
Other, net83 1 (198)
Other income (expense), net$3,292 $(7,029)$1,844 
(1) During the year ended December 31, 2021, gain on business divestitures, net represented a $1.6 billion gain on the sale of our ATG Business to Aurora recognized in the first quarter of 2021.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, gain on business divestitures, net represents a $204 million gain on the sale of interest in Careem Technologies. Refer to Note 18 – Divestitures for further information.
(2) During the year ended December 31, 2021, gain from sale of investments primarily represented a $348 million gain recognized from sale of our equity interests in MLU B.V. Refer to Note 4 - Equity Method Investments for further information.
(3) During the year ended December 31, 2021, unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net primarily represented a $1.6 billion unrealized gain on our Grab investment, a $1.6 billion unrealized gain on our Aurora Investments and a $991 million net unrealized gain on our Zomato investment, partially offset by a $3.0 billion net unrealized loss on our Didi investment.
During the year ended December 31, 2022, unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net primarily represented a $3.0 billion net unrealized loss on our Aurora investments, a $2.1 billion net unrealized loss on our Grab investment, a $1.0 billion net unrealized loss on our Didi investment, a $747 million change of fair value on our Zomato investment, as well as a $142 million net unrealized loss on our other investments in securities accounted for under the fair value option.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net primarily represents changes in the fair value of our equity securities including: a $985 million net unrealized gain on our Aurora investment, a $443 million net unrealized gain on our Didi investment, a $84 million net unrealized gain on our Joby investment, and a $80 million net unrealized gain on our Grab investment. Refer to Note 3 – Investments and Fair Value Measurement for further information.
(4) During the year ended December 31, 2022, impairment of equity method investment represents a $182 million impairment loss recorded on our MLU B.V. equity method investment. Refer to Note 4 – Equity Method Investments for further information.
(5) During the year ended December 31, 2022, revaluation of MLU B.V. call option represents a $191 million net gain for the change in fair value of the call option granted to Yandex (“MLU B.V. Call Option”). Refer to Note 4 – Equity Method Investments for further information.
v3.24.0.1
Stockholders' Equity
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]  
Stockholders' Equity
Note 10 – Stockholders' Equity
Common Stock
As of December 31, 2023, we have the authority to issue 5.0 billion shares of common stock with a par value of $0.00001 per share. Holders of common stock are entitled to dividends when and if declared by the board of directors, subject to the rights of the holders of all classes of stock outstanding having priority rights to dividends. As of December 31, 2023, no dividends have been declared and there were 2.1 billion shares of common stock issued and outstanding.
Preferred Stock
Our board of directors has the authority to issue up to 10 million shares of preferred stock and to determine the price, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, of those shares without any further vote or action by the stockholders. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, there was no preferred stock issued and outstanding.
Equity Compensation Plans
We maintain four equity compensation plans that provide for the issuance of shares of our common stock to our officers and other employees, directors, and consultants: the 2010 Stock Plan (the “2010 Plan”), the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2013 Plan”), the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”), and the 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which have all been
approved by stockholders. Following our IPO in May 2019, we have only issued awards under the 2019 Plan and the ESPP, and no additional awards will be granted under the 2010 and 2013 Plans. These plans provide for the issuance of incentive stock options (“ISOs”), nonqualified stock options (“NSOs”), SARs, restricted stock, RSUs, performance-based awards, and other awards (that are based in whole or in part by reference to our common stock).
The number of shares of our common stock available for issuance under the 2019 Plan automatically increases on January 1 of each year, for a period of not more than ten years, commencing on January 1, 2020 and ending on (and including) January 1, 2029 by the lesser of (a) 5% of the total number of the shares of common stock outstanding on December 31 of the immediately preceding calendar year, and (b) such number of shares determined by our board of directors. Pursuant to the automatic increase feature of the 2019 Plan, our board of directors approved an increase of 104 million shares reserved for issuance effective January 1, 2024, for a total of 460 million shares reserved.
Stock Option and SAR Activity
A summary of stock option and SAR activity for the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, per share amounts, and years):
SARs Outstanding Number of SARsOptions Outstanding Number of SharesWeighted-Average Exercise Price Per ShareWeighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)Aggregate Intrinsic Value
As of December 31, 2022153 20,039 $13.90 3.47$279 
Granted— 607 $36.63 
Exercised(29)(7,753)$5.77 
Canceled and forfeited(1)(252)$6.36 
As of December 31, 2023123 12,641 $20.03 2.79$535 
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2023118 8,319 $13.41 2.43$406 
Exercisable as of December 31, 2023118 8,319 $13.41 2.43$406 
The total intrinsic value of stock options and SARs exercised for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, was $382 million, $101 million and $319 million, respectively.
RSU Activity
The following table summarizes the activity related to our RSUs for the year ended December 31, 2023 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Number of SharesWeighted-Average
 Grant-Date Fair
 Value per Share
Unvested and outstanding as of December 31, 202298,167 $34.70 
Granted61,119 $34.13 
Vested(53,105)$34.43 
Canceled and forfeited(15,354)$34.47 
Unvested and outstanding as of December 31, 202390,827 $34.49 
The total fair value of RSUs vested for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 was $1.5 billion, $1.8 billion, and $1.7 billion, respectively.
Restricted Common Stock
We have granted restricted common stock to certain continuing employees, primarily in connection with acquisitions. Vesting of this stock may be dependent on a combination of service and performance conditions that become satisfied upon the occurrence of a qualifying event. We have the right to repurchase shares for which the vesting conditions are not satisfied. During 2023, activity related to Uber’s restricted common stock was not material. As of December 31, 2023, the amount of unvested restricted common stock was 801 thousand shares, with a weighted average grant date fair value of $43.50 per share.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Stock-based compensation expense is allocated based on the cost center to which the award holder belongs. The following table summarizes total stock-based compensation expense by function for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Operations and support$139 $154 $184 
Sales and marketing83 102 96 
Research and development614 1,060 1,215 
General and administrative332 477 440 
Total$1,168 $1,793 $1,935 
During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, we modified the terms of stock-based awards for certain employees upon their termination or change in employment status. Incremental stock-based compensation cost in relation to the modification of stock-based awards was not material for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023.
As of December 31, 2023, there was $3.0 billion of unamortized compensation costs related to all unvested awards. The unamortized compensation costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.45 years. Stock-based compensation expense capitalized as internally developed software costs were not material for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023.
The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for stock-based compensation arrangements were not material during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023.
During 2021, 2022 and 2023, warrants vested to non-employee service providers and others were not material and no warrants were granted.
The weighted-average grant-date fair values of stock options and SARs granted to employees in the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 were $39.43, $13.58 and $16.63 per share, respectively. During 2022 and 2023, stock options and SARs granted were not material. The fair value of stock options and SARs granted was determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the weighted-average assumptions in the table below:
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Expected term (in years)5.1
Risk-free interest rate0.9 %
Expected volatility40.3 %
Expected dividend yield— %
Performance awards with market-based targets granted in the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 were not material.
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The number of shares of Uber common stock available for issuance under the ESPP automatically increases on January 1 of each year, beginning in 2020 and continuing through 2029, by the lesser of (a) 1.0% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on December 31 of the immediately preceding calendar year, and (b) 25,000,000 shares. However, our board of directors or compensation committee may reduce the amount of the increase in any particular year. Pursuant to the automatic increase feature of the ESPP, effective January 1, 2024, a total of 101 million shares of common stock are reserved for issuance under the ESPP.
The stock-based compensation expense recognized for the ESPP was not material during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we purchased 6 million shares of common stock under the ESPP at a weighted-average price of $23.38 per share. As of December 31, 2023, total unrecognized compensation cost related to the ESPP was $27 million, which will be amortized over a period of 0.29 years.
Share Repurchase Authorization
In February 2024, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $7.0 billion in shares of our outstanding common stock. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases are determined by the discretion of management, depending on market conditions and other factors. Repurchases may be made through open market purchases and accelerated share repurchases. The exact number of shares to be repurchased by us, if any, is not guaranteed. Depending on market conditions and other factors, these repurchases may be commenced or suspended at any time or periodically without prior notice.
v3.24.0.1
Income Taxes
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Note 11 – Income Taxes
The U.S. and foreign components of income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 are as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
U.S.$(340)$(8,523)$1,525 
Foreign(685)(903)796 
Income (loss) before income taxes and income from equity method investments$(1,025)$(9,426)$2,321 
The components of the provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 are as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Current
Federal$— $8 $1 
State4 15 16 
Foreign196 237 170 
Total current tax expense200 260 187 
Deferred
Federal(76)(251)11 
State19 (92)12 
Foreign(635)(98)3 
Total deferred tax expense (benefit)(692)(441)26 
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes$(492)$(181)$213 
The following is a reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to our effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023:
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Federal statutory income tax rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
State income tax expense(2.3)0.8 1.2 
Foreign rate differential10.3 2.0 (0.4)
Non-deductible expenses(5.2)(0.7)(0.2)
Stock-based compensation4.5 (1.4)(1.9)
Federal research and development credits7.8 0.6 (7.2)
Deferred tax on investments (1)
48.7 (1.1)(3.5)
Entity restructuring (2)
(2.0)(12.7)0.6 
Change in unrecognized tax benefits(27.8)(8.9)(6.8)
Valuation allowance(33.7)1.1 (2.8)
US tax on foreign income(10.8)0.6 4.1 
Withholding taxes (3)
(0.6)(0.3)9.5 
Tax rate change22.4 — — 
Other interest16.8 1.7 (4.1)
Other, net (3)
(1.1)(0.8)(0.3)
Effective income tax rate48.0 %1.9 %9.2 %
(1) The 2021 rate impact for “Deferred tax on investments” was primarily driven by the deferred China and U.S. tax impact related to our investment in Didi and the deferred U.S. tax impact related to our investments in Aurora, Grab, and Zomato.
The 2022 rate impact for “Deferred tax on investments” was primarily driven by the deferred U.S. tax impact related to our investments in Aurora, Grab, Zomato, and Didi.
The 2023 rate impact for “Deferred tax on investments” was primarily driven by the deferred U.S. tax impact related to our investments in Aurora and Didi.
(2) To align our structure to our evolving operations, in the second and fourth quarters of 2021, we completed intercompany transfers of certain intangible assets. These intercompany transfers did not have a material impact to the financial statements.
In the fourth quarter of 2022, we transferred certain intangible assets among our wholly-owned subsidiaries to align our structure to our evolving operations. The transfer resulted in a net reduction in deferred tax assets of $1.7 billion; however, there was no financial statement expense recognized since the deferred tax asset was offset by a full valuation allowance.
(3) 2021 and 2022 amounts have been conformed to the 2023 presentation.
The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 are as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Deferred tax assets
Net operating loss carryforwards$6,325 $6,164 
Research and development credits1,200 1,275 
Stock-based compensation45 66 
Accruals and reserves402 440 
Accrued legal184 120 
Fixed assets and intangible assets4,425 4,135 
Lease liability478 436 
Interest limitation carryforwards858 876 
Capitalized research expenses304 771 
Other320 211 
Total deferred tax assets14,541 14,494 
Less: Valuation allowance(13,971)(13,945)
Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance570 549 
Deferred tax liabilities
Indefinite lived deferred tax liability (1)
— 114 
ROU assets354 301 
Other77 18 
Total deferred tax liabilities431 433 
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)$139 $116 
(1) As of December 31, 2022, the fair market value of our investments in Didi, Aurora, Grab, and Zomato decreased significantly, resulting in the reduction of indefinite-lived deferred tax liabilities.
As of December 31, 2023, the $114 million indefinite-lived deferred tax liability represents the deferred U.S. income tax expense, which will be incurred upon the eventual disposition of the shares underlying our investments in Aurora and Didi.
Based on available evidence, management believes it is not more-likely-than-not that the net U.S., Netherlands, and other non-material jurisdictions’ deferred tax assets will be fully realizable. In these jurisdictions, we have recorded a valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets. We regularly review the deferred tax assets for recoverability based on historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation, the expected timing of the reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and tax planning strategies by jurisdiction. Our judgment regarding future profitability may change due to many factors, including future market conditions and the ability to successfully execute our business plans and/or tax planning strategies. We had a valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets of $14.0 billion and $13.9 billion as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively. In 2023, the decrease in the valuation allowance was primarily attributable to a decrease in deferred tax assets due to the utilization of net operating losses in the U.S., offset with an increase in deferred tax assets due to the generation of tax attributes in the Netherlands.
Based on our assessment of current income and anticipated future earnings, there is a reasonable possibility that we will have sufficient evidence to release a significant portion of the valuation allowance in the U.S. within the next 12 months. However, our
judgment regarding future earnings and the exact timing and amount of any valuation allowance release are subject to change due to many factors, including future market conditions, the ability to successfully execute our business plans, and the amount of stock-based compensation tax deductions available in the future.
Release of the valuation allowance would result in the recognition of net deferred tax assets on our consolidated balance sheet and would decrease income tax expense in the period the release is recorded.
The indefinite carryforward period for net operating losses ("NOLs") means that indefinite-lived deferred tax liabilities can be considered as support for realization of deferred tax assets, which can affect the need to record or maintain a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2022, we realized an immaterial amount of our U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets as a result of our indefinite-lived deferred tax liabilities being used as a source of income. As of December 31, 2023, we realized approximately $95 million of our U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets as a result of our indefinite-lived deferred tax liabilities being used as a source of income.
As of December 31, 2023, we had U.S. federal NOL carryforwards of $296 million that begin to expire in 2031 and $12.2 billion that have an unlimited carryover period. As of December 31, 2023, we had U.S. state NOL carryforwards of $8.8 billion that started expiring in 2023 and $1.9 billion that have an unlimited carryover period. As of December 31, 2023, we had foreign NOL carryforwards of $872 million that begin to expire in 2024 and $18.6 billion that have an unlimited carryover period.
As of December 31, 2023, we had U.S. federal research tax credit carryforwards of $1.0 billion that begin to expire in 2028. We had U.S. state research tax credit carryforwards of $4 million that begin to expire in 2033 and $696 million that have an unlimited carryover period.
In the event we experience an ownership change within the meaning of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”), our ability to utilize net operating losses, tax credits and other tax attributes may be limited. The most recent analysis of our historical ownership changes was completed through December 31, 2023. Based on the analysis, we do not anticipate a current limitation on the tax attributes.
The following table reflects changes in gross unrecognized tax benefits (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year$2,293 $2,657 $3,513 
Gross increases - current year tax positions239 814 177 
Gross increases - prior year tax positions134 93 42 
Gross decreases - prior year tax positions(9)(51)(315)
Gross decreases - lapse of statute of limitations— — (72)
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year$2,657 $3,513 $3,345 
As of December 31, 2023, approximately $94 million of unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate. The remaining $3.3 billion of the unrecognized tax benefits would not impact the effective tax rate due to the valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets.
We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the provision for income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations. The amount of interest and penalties accrued as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 was $21 million and $17 million, respectively.
Although the timing of the resolution and/or closure of audits is highly uncertain, it is reasonably possible that the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits could significantly change in the next 12 months. Given the number of years remaining subject to examination and the number of matters being examined, we are unable to estimate the full range of possible adjustments to the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits. Any changes to unrecognized tax benefits recorded as of December 31, 2023 that are reasonably possible to occur within the next 12 months are not expected to be material.
We are subject to taxation in the U.S. and various state and foreign jurisdictions. We are also under various state and other foreign income tax examinations. We believe that adequate amounts have been reserved in these jurisdictions. To the extent we have tax attribute carryforwards, the tax years in which the attribute was generated may still be adjusted upon examination by the federal, state or foreign tax authorities to the extent utilized in a future period.
As of December 31, 2023, the open tax years for our major tax jurisdictions are as follows:
JurisdictionTax Years
U.S. Federal2011 - 2023
U.S. States2005 - 2023
Brazil2017 - 2023
Netherlands2019 - 2023
United Kingdom2013 - 2023
As of December 31, 2023, the amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability on the undistributed earnings from certain foreign subsidiaries that we intend to indefinitely reinvest is not material.
v3.24.0.1
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Note 12 – Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the periods presented. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by giving effect to all potential weighted average dilutive common stock. For diluted net income (loss) per share, the dilutive effect of outstanding awards is reflected by application of the treasury stock method and convertible securities by application of the if-converted method, as applicable.
We take into account the effect on consolidated net income (loss) per share of dilutive securities of entities in which we hold equity interests that are accounted for using the equity method.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, and per share amounts):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Basic net income (loss) per share:
Numerator
Net income (loss) including non-controlling interests$(570)$(9,138)$2,156 
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax(74)3 269 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(496)$(9,141)$1,887 
Denominator
Basic weighted-average common stock outstanding1,892,546 1,972,131 2,035,651 
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders (1)
$(0.26)$(4.64)$0.93 
Diluted net income (loss) per share:
Numerator
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(496)$(9,141)$1,887 
Assumed net loss attributable to Uber Technologies, Inc. upon redemption of Freight Holding convertible common shares, non-controlling interest(44)(41)(62)
Interest expense, amortization of debt discount and issuance costs of 2025 Convertible Notes and Careem Notes— — 2 
Diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(540)$(9,182)$1,827 
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic net income (loss) per share computation1,892,546 1,972,131 2,035,651 
Weighted-average effect of potentially dilutive securities:
Stock options— — 9,989 
RSUs— — 25,671 
Assumed common shares issued from outstanding RSAs— — 139 
Warrants— — 73 
Common shares issued for ESPP— — 627 
Assumed redemption of Freight Holding convertible common shares, non-controlling interest2,973 2,797 4,301 
2025 Convertible Notes— — 12,784 
Careem Notes— — 2,547 
Diluted weighted-average common stock outstanding1,895,519 1,974,928 2,091,782 
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders (1)
$(0.29)$(4.65)$0.87 
(1) Per share amounts are calculated using unrounded numbers and therefore may not recalculate.
The following potentially dilutive outstanding securities were excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented, or issuance of such shares is contingent upon the satisfaction of certain conditions which were not satisfied by the end of the period (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Freight Holding contingently redeemable preferred stock10,070 30,458 13,430 
Convertible notes21,740 18,250 — 
RSUs71,461 98,167 4,534 
Stock options24,253 20,039 207 
Common stock subject to repurchase4,153 2,606 — 
Shares committed under ESPP3,226 3,878 867 
Warrants to purchase common stock73 73 — 
Total134,976 173,471 19,038 
v3.24.0.1
Segment Information and Geographic Information
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information and Geographic Information
Note 13 – Segment Information and Geographic Information
We determine our operating segments based on how the CODM manages the business, allocates resources, makes operating decisions and evaluates operating performance.
In January 2021, we sold our ATG Business to Aurora. Our ATG Business was included in the ATG and Other Technology Programs segment prior to this transaction. As a result of the sale, ATG and Other Technology Programs segment was no longer a reportable segment. Beginning in the first quarter of 2021, results of ATG and Other Technology Programs are included within All Other. Refer to Note 18 – Divestitures for further information regarding the sale of our ATG Business.
As of December 31, 2023, our three operating and reportable segments are as follows:
Segment
Description
Mobility

Mobility products connect consumers with Drivers who provide rides in a variety of vehicles, such as cars, auto rickshaws, motorbikes, minibuses, or taxis. Mobility also includes activity related to our financial partnerships products and advertising.
DeliveryDelivery offerings allow consumers to search for and discover local restaurants, order a meal, and either pick-up at the restaurant or have the meal delivered. In certain markets, Delivery provides offerings for grocery, alcohol, and convenience store delivery as well as select other goods. We refer to the grocery, alcohol, convenience and retail categories collectively as Grocery & Retail. Delivery also includes advertising.
Freight

Freight connects Carriers with Shippers on our platform, and gives Carriers upfront, transparent pricing and the ability to book a shipment. Freight also includes transportation management and other logistics services offerings.
For information about how our reportable segments derive revenue, as well as revenue grouped by offerings and geographical region, refer to Note 2 – Revenue.
Our segment operating performance measure is segment Adjusted EBITDA. The CODM does not evaluate operating segments using asset information and, accordingly, we do not report asset information by segment. Segment Adjusted EBITDA is defined as revenue less the following expenses: cost of revenue, operations and support, sales and marketing, and general and administrative and research and development expenses associated with our segments. Segment Adjusted EBITDA also excludes non-cash items or items that management does not believe are reflective of our ongoing core operations (as shown in the table below).
The following table provides information about our segments and a reconciliation of total segment Adjusted EBITDA to loss from operations (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Segment Adjusted EBITDA:
Mobility$1,596 $3,299 $4,963 
Delivery(348)551 1,506 
Freight(130)— (64)
All Other (1)
(11)— — 
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA1,107 3,850 6,405 
Reconciling items:
Corporate G&A and Platform R&D (2)
(1,881)(2,137)(2,353)
Depreciation and amortization(902)(947)(823)
Stock-based compensation expense(1,168)(1,793)(1,935)
Legal, tax, and regulatory reserve changes and settlements (3)
(526)(732)(9)
Goodwill and asset impairments/loss on sale of assets(157)(25)(84)
Acquisition, financing and divestitures related expenses(102)(46)(36)
Accelerated lease costs related to cease-use of ROU assets(5)(6)— 
COVID-19 response initiatives (4)
(54)(1)— 
Loss on lease arrangement, net— (7)(4)
Restructuring and related charges— (2)(51)
Legacy auto insurance transfer (5)
(103)— — 
Mass arbitration fees, net(43)14 — 
Income (loss) from operations$(3,834)$(1,832)$1,110 
(1) Includes historical results of ATG and Other Technology Programs and New Mobility.
(2) Includes costs that are not directly attributable to our reportable segments. Corporate G&A also includes certain shared costs such as finance, accounting, tax, human resources, information technology and legal costs. Platform R&D also includes mapping and payment technologies and support and development of the internal technology infrastructure. Our allocation methodology is periodically evaluated and may change.
(3) Legal, tax, and regulatory reserve changes and settlements are primarily related to certain significant legal proceedings or governmental investigations related to worker classification definitions, or tax agencies challenging our non-income tax positions. These matters have limited precedent, cover extended historical periods and are unpredictable in both magnitude and timing, therefore are distinct from normal, recurring legal, tax and regulatory matters and related expenses incurred in our ongoing operating performance.
(4) COVID-19 response initiatives relate to payments for financial assistance to Drivers personally impacted by COVID-19, the cost of personal protective equipment distributed to Drivers, Driver reimbursement for their cost of purchasing personal protective equipment, the costs related to free rides and food deliveries to healthcare workers, seniors, and others in need as well as charitable donations.
(5) Refer to Note 1 – Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for further information.
Geographic Information
Revenue by geography is based on where the trip or shipment was completed or meal delivered. Long-lived assets, net includes property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets as well as the same asset class included within assets held for sale on the consolidated balance sheets. The following tables set forth revenue and long-lived assets, net by geographic area as of and for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
United States$9,058 $17,953 $18,620 
United Kingdom (1)
551 4,215 6,522 
All other countries7,846 9,709 12,139 
Total Revenue$17,455 $31,877 $37,281 
(1) In 2022, we modified our arrangements in certain markets and, as a result, present the respective Mobility and Delivery revenue on a gross basis. Payments to Drivers and Couriers are recognized in cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization.
As of December 31,
20222023
United States$3,210 $2,980 
All other countries321 334 
Total long-lived assets, net$3,531 $3,314 
Revenue grouped by offerings and geographical region is included in Note 2 – Revenue.
v3.24.0.1
Commitments and Contingencies
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies
Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies
Contingencies
From time to time, we are a party to various claims, non-income tax audits and litigation in the normal course of business. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, we had recorded aggregate liabilities of $1.6 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively, of which $614 million and $336 million, respectively, relate to non-income tax matters in accrued and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets for all of our legal, regulatory and non-income tax matters that were probable and reasonably estimable.
We are currently party to various legal and regulatory matters that have arisen in the normal course of business and include, among others, alleged independent contractor misclassification claims, Fair Credit Reporting Act (“FCRA”) claims, alleged background check violations, pricing and advertising claims, unfair competition claims, intellectual property claims, employment discrimination and other employment-related claims, Telephone Consumer Protection Act (“TCPA”) claims, Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”) claims, data and privacy claims, securities claims, antitrust claims, challenges to regulations, and other matters. We have existing litigation, including class actions, Private Attorney General Act lawsuits, arbitration claims, and governmental administrative and audit proceedings, asserting claims by or on behalf of Drivers that Drivers are misclassified as independent contractors. In connection with the enactment of California State Assembly Bill 5 (“AB5”), we have received and expect to continue to receive - in California and in other jurisdictions - an increased number of misclassification claims. With respect to our outstanding legal and regulatory matters, based on our current knowledge, we believe that the ultimate amount or range of reasonably possible loss will not, either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. The outcome of such legal matters is inherently unpredictable and subject to significant uncertainties. If one or more of these matters were resolved against us for amounts in excess of management's expectations, our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows could be materially adversely affected.
Driver Classification
California Attorney General Lawsuit
In January 2020, AB5 went into effect. AB5 codifies a test to determine whether a worker is an employee under California law. The test is referred to as the “ABC” test, and was originally handed down by the California Supreme Court in Dynamex Operations v. Superior Court in 2018. Under the ABC test, workers performing services for a hiring entity are considered employees unless the hiring entity can demonstrate three things: the worker (A) is free from the hiring entity’s control, (B) performs work that is outside the usual course of the hiring entity’s business, and (C) customarily engages in the independent trade, work or type of business performed for the hiring entity.
On May 5, 2020, the California Attorney General, in conjunction with the city attorneys for San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego, filed a complaint in San Francisco Superior Court against Uber and Lyft, Inc. (“Lyft”). The complaint alleges drivers are misclassified, and seeks an injunction and monetary damages related to the alleged competitive advantage caused by the alleged misclassification of drivers.
On August 10, 2020, the Court issued a preliminary injunction order, prohibiting us from classifying drivers as independent contractors and from violating various wage and hour laws. The injunction was stayed pending appeal. On October 22, 2020, the Court of Appeal affirmed the lower court’s ruling, and we filed a petition for review of the decision with the California Supreme Court. The petition was based upon the passage of Proposition 22 by California voters in November 2020, and requested that the Court of Appeal opinion be vacated because AB5’s application to Uber was superseded by Proposition 22.
Proposition 22 was a state ballot initiative that provides a framework for drivers that use platforms like ours to qualify as independent workers. As a result of the passage of Proposition 22, Drivers are able to maintain their status as independent contractors under California law, and we and our competitors are required to comply with the provisions of Proposition 22. Proposition 22 went into effect on December 16, 2020.
The California Supreme Court declined the petition for review on February 10, 2021. The lawsuit was returned to the trial court following the appellate proceedings on February 22, 2021. On April 12, 2021, the California Attorney General, Uber and Lyft filed a stipulation to dissolve the preliminary injunction with the trial court. On April 16, 2021, the trial court signed an order granting the stipulation. Although the preliminary injunction has been dissolved, the lawsuit remains ongoing relating to claims by the California Attorney General for periods prior to enactment of Proposition 22. The parties petitioned to stay this matter pending coordination with other California employment related matters, which was granted and a coordination judge was assigned. The case had been stayed pending appeal of the denial of a motion to compel arbitration, however the California Supreme Court denied review on January 17, 2024, and the case was remitted back to the Superior Court on January 29, 2024 for further proceedings. We intend to continue to vigorously defend ourselves. Our chances of success on the merits are still uncertain and any reasonably possible loss or range of loss cannot be estimated.
Castellanos v. State (Constitutional Challenge to Proposition 22)
In addition, in January 2021, a petition was filed with the California Supreme Court by several drivers and a labor union alleging that Proposition 22 is unconstitutional, which was denied. The same drivers and labor union have since filed a similar challenge in California Superior Court, and in August 2021, the Alameda County Superior Court ruled that Proposition 22 is unconstitutional. On September 21, 2021, the State of California filed an appeal of that decision with the California Court of Appeal, and the Protect App-Based Drivers and Services organization, who intervened in the matter, has also filed an appeal. Oral argument was heard on December 13, 2022.
On March 13, 2023, the California Court of Appeal overturned the lower court’s ruling that Proposition 22 is unconstitutional, which means that Proposition 22 remains in effect. Service Employees International Union has petitioned the California Supreme Court for review. The California Supreme Court granted review on June 28, 2023, and has set a briefing schedule. We expect a decision in 2024.
Massachusetts Attorney General Lawsuit
On July 9, 2020, the Massachusetts Attorney General filed a complaint in Suffolk County Superior Court against Uber and Lyft. The complaint alleges Drivers are employees, and are entitled to protections under the wage and labor laws. Trial has been set for May 13, 2024, and the AG is currently only seeking an order regarding driver classification without any claims for monetary damages. Our chances of success on the merits are still uncertain and any reasonably possible loss or range of loss cannot be estimated.
New York Attorney General
The New York Attorney General has alleged misclassification of Drivers and related employment violations in New York by Uber as well as fraud related to certain deductions. In November 2023, we reached an agreement to resolve this matter. In December 2023, we paid into a settlement fund which will be distributed to current and former drivers.
Swiss Social Security Ruling
Several Swiss administrative bodies have issued decisions in which they classify Drivers as employees of Uber Switzerland, Rasier Operations B.V. or of Uber B.V. for social security or labor purposes. We are challenging each of them before the Social Security and Administrative Tribunals.
In April 2021, a ruling was made that Uber Switzerland could not be held liable for social security contributions. The litigations with regards to Uber B.V. and Rasier Operations B.V. are still pending for years 2014 to 2021. In January 2022, the Social Security Tribunal of Zurich reclassified drivers who have used the App in 2014 as dependent workers of Uber B.V. and Rasier Operations B.V. from a social security standpoint, and this ruling had been appealed before the Federal Tribunal and had no impact on our current operations. On March 21, 2023, the Federal Tribunal ruled that Drivers who have used the Uber App in 2014 qualify as employees for social security purposes. Further discussions with the social security authorities are in progress.
On June 3, 2022, the Federal Tribunal issued two rulings by which both Drivers and Couriers in the Canton of Geneva are classified as employees of Uber B.V., Uber Portier B.V. and Uber Switzerland GmbH. Following the ruling of the Federal Tribunal on Eats, we received an injunction of payment from the Social Security authorities that stated that couriers shall be considered employees for social security purposes since the launch of Uber Eats. We reached a settlement with the Canton of Geneva on Mobility with regards to social security implications.
On October 2, 2023, the Swiss Federal Tax authorities ruled that Drivers are independent contractors for VAT purposes, based on the changes implemented in the App since 2020. This decision will be used to support the Company’s position in the Social Security proceedings.
The ultimate resolution of the matters before the social security authorities is uncertain and the amount accrued for those matters is recorded within accrued and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023.
Other Driver Classification Matters
Additionally, we have received other lawsuits and governmental inquiries in other jurisdictions, and anticipate future claims, lawsuits, arbitration proceedings, administrative actions, and government investigations and audits challenging our classification of Drivers as independent contractors and not employees. We believe that our current and historical approach to classification is supported by the law and intend to continue to defend ourselves vigorously in these matters. However, the results of litigation and arbitration are inherently unpredictable and legal proceedings related to these claims, individually or in the aggregate, could have a material impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Regardless of the outcome, litigation and arbitration of these matters can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs individually and in the aggregate, diversion of management resources and other factors.
State Unemployment Taxes
New Jersey Department of Labor
In 2018, the New Jersey Department of Labor (“NJDOL”) opened an audit reviewing whether Drivers were independent contractors or employees for purposes of determining whether unemployment insurance regulations apply from 2014 through 2018. The NJDOL made an assessment on November 12, 2019, against both Rasier and Uber. Both assessments were calculated through November 15, 2019, but only calculated the alleged contributions, penalties, and interest owed from 2014 through 2018. The NJDOL has provided several assessments from February through October 2021. We have submitted payment for the principal revised amount of the assessment and have since reached agreement on and paid the remaining amounts allegedly owed from 2014 through 2018.
The NJ DOL has initiated an audit for the period of 2019 through the second quarter of 2023. The ultimate resolution of the matter is uncertain and the amount accrued for those matters is recorded within accrued and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023.
California Employment Development Department
In 2014, the California employment development department (“CA EDD”) opened an audit to review whether drivers should be treated as employees or independent contractors. The department issued an assessment in 2016 for the periods of 2013 - 2015 and we have since reached an agreement with the CA EDD for this period. In 2022, we received requests for information related to an audit of a subsequent period, which covers the fourth quarter of 2017 through the fourth quarter of 2020. We have also received an audit for the years 2018 - 2020 covering couriers who used the Postmates platform and received an assessment in June 2023. We are in the process of appealing the assessment. The ultimate resolution of the matter is uncertain and the amount accrued for those matters is recorded within accrued and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023.
New York Department of Labor
In February 2020, the New York Department of Labor (“NYDOL”) opened an audit reviewing whether Drivers were independent contractors or employees for purposes of determining whether unemployment insurance regulations apply from 2013 through 2020. The NYDOL issued an assessment in November 2022 against Uber. In November 2023, the parties reached an agreement to resolve backwards looking liability associated with unemployment contributions and will be paying unemployment insurance contributions going forward. In December 2023, we paid the assessment to resolve the backwards looking liability associated with unemployment contributions.
Non-Income Tax Matters
We recorded an estimated liability for contingencies related to non-income tax matters and are under audit by various domestic and foreign tax authorities with regard to such matters.
The subject matter of these contingent liabilities and non-income tax audits primarily arise from the characterization for tax purposes of the transactions on the platform, as well as the application of certain employee benefits and employment and income taxes to our Drivers and Couriers. In jurisdictions with disputes connected to transactions on the platform, disputes involve the applicability of transactional taxes (such as sales tax, VAT, GST and similar taxes) or gross receipts taxes. In jurisdictions with disputes connected to employment or income taxes, disputes involve the applicability of withholding taxes related to employment taxes or back-up income tax withholding on payments made to Drivers, Couriers, and Merchants.
Our estimated liability is inherently subjective due to the complexity and uncertainty of these matters and the judicial processes in certain jurisdictions; therefore, the final outcome could be materially different from the estimated liability recorded.
United Kingdom
On October 31, 2022, we settled our UK VAT dispute with the HMRC, the UK tax regulator, for all periods prior to March 14, 2022. As a result of the settlement agreement, these prior periods are closed to assessment and Uber made a payment of approximately $733 million (£613 million) in the fourth quarter of 2022 for this resolution.
As of March 14, 2022, we modified our operating model in the UK, such that as of that date Uber UK is a merchant of transportation and is required to remit VAT. Uber UK is remitting VAT under the Value Added (Tour Operators) Order 1987 (“VAT Order 1987”), which allows for VAT remittance on a calculated margin, rather than on Gross Bookings.
Throughout 2023, we received multiple assessments from the HMRC disputing our application of VAT Order 1987 application for the period of March 2022 to June 2023, totaling approximately $789 million (£631 million) for unpaid VAT. Uber paid, and is required to pay, these assessments in order to proceed with the appeal process. The payments do not represent our acceptance of the assessments.
The payments made in 2023 are recorded as a receivable in other assets on our consolidated balance sheet because we believe that we will be successful in our appeal, upon which, the full amount of our payments will be returned to us with interest upon completion of the appeals process. We expect to receive additional assessments related to this matter and will be required to pay the assessments in order to continue with the appeals process. Any payments are expected to decrease operating cash flow and have no impact on our results of operations. We plan to vigorously defend our application of the VAT Order 1987 and are waiting to obtain hearing dates from the Tax Tribunal.
Brazil
In May 2023, we received an assessment for 2019 and 2020 Driver social security contributions from the Brazilian Federal Revenue Bureau (“FRB”). We are contesting the assessment and we filed our administrative appeal with the FRB in June 2023. A negative decision can be appealed at multiple levels. Our chances of success on the merits are still uncertain and any reasonably possible loss or range of loss cannot be estimated.
Other Legal and Regulatory Matters
We have been and continue to be subject to various government inquiries and investigations surrounding the legality of certain of our business practices, compliance with antitrust, anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws (including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act) and other global regulatory requirements, labor laws, securities laws, data protection and privacy laws, consumer protection laws, environmental laws, and the infringement of certain intellectual property rights. We have investigated and continue to investigate many of these matters and we are implementing a number of recommendations to our managerial, operational and compliance practices, as well as strengthening our overall governance structure. In many cases, we are unable to predict the outcomes and implications of these inquiries and investigations on our business which could be time consuming, costly to investigate and require significant management attention. Furthermore, the outcome of these inquiries and investigations could negatively impact our business, reputation, financial condition and operating results, including possible fines and penalties and requiring changes to operational activities and procedures.
We have been and expect to continue to be subject to personal injury claims for compensation based on traffic accidents, deaths, injuries, or other incidents that are caused by Drivers, consumers, or third parties while using our platform, or even when Drivers, consumers, or third parties are not actively using our platform. Various plaintiffs have also coordinated and may in the future attempt to coordinate individual injury claims in various jurisdictions. We use a combination of third-party insurance and self-insurance mechanisms to provide for personal injury risks. Our insurance reserves include unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses for risks retained by us related to these claims.
Indemnifications
In the ordinary course of business, we often include standard indemnification provisions in our arrangements with third parties. Pursuant to these provisions, we may be obligated to indemnify such parties for losses or claims suffered or incurred in connection with their activities or non-compliance with certain representations and warranties made by us. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our officers, directors, and certain current and former employees, and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain certain indemnification obligations. It is not possible to determine the maximum potential loss under these indemnification provisions / obligations because of the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular situation.
v3.24.0.1
Variable Interest Entities
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Variable Interest Entities
Note 15 – Variable Interest Entities
VIEs are legal entities that lack sufficient equity to finance their activities without future subordinated financial support.
Consolidated VIEs
We consolidate VIEs in which we hold a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary. We are the primary beneficiary because we have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of these VIEs. As a result, we consolidate the assets and liabilities of these consolidated VIEs.
Total assets included on the consolidated balance sheets for our consolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 were $3.9 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively. Total liabilities included on the consolidated balance sheets for these VIEs as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 were $789 million and $755 million, respectively.
Uber Freight Holding Corporation
In July 2018, we created a new majority-owned subsidiary, Uber Freight Holding Corporation (“Freight Holding”). The purpose of Freight Holding is to perform the business activities of the Freight operating segment. The Freight Holding stock held by us was determined to be a variable interest.
In October 2020, Freight Holding entered into a Series A preferred stock purchase agreement (“2020 Freight Series A Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement”) with an outside investor (“2020 Freight Series A Investor”) to sell shares of Series A Preferred Stock (“Freight Series A”).
In July 2021, we entered into a Freight Series A preferred stock purchase agreement and sold shares of Freight Series A to The Public Investment Fund, which is an investor in Uber.
In November 2021, Freight Holding entered into a series A-1 stock purchase agreement (“2021 Series A-1 Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement”) with outside investors (“Freight Series A-1 Investors”) to sell shares of Series A-1 convertible preferred stock of Freight Holding (“Freight Series A-1”). Neither the Freight Series A nor Freight Series A-1 investments changed the conclusion that Freight Holding is a consolidated VIE. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, we continue to own the majority of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Freight Holding and report a non-controlling interest as further described in Note 16 – Non-Controlling Interests.
In February 2023, Freight Holding entered into a $300 million senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility guaranteed by the assets of Freight Holding and is considered non-recourse to us. As of December 31, 2023, there was no balance outstanding on Freight Holding’s revolving credit facility.
Careem Qatar and Morocco
On January 2, 2020, we completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Careem and certain of its subsidiaries pursuant to an asset purchase agreement (the “Asset Purchase Agreement”) in countries where regulatory approval was obtained or which did not require regulatory approval. The assets and operations in Qatar and Morocco (collectively “Non-Transferred Countries”) had not yet been transferred to us as of the purchase date. The purpose of the Careem Qatar and Morocco’s operations is to provide primarily ridesharing services in each respective country. Although the assets and operations of the Non-Transferred Countries were not transferred as of the purchase date, we had rights to all residual interests in the entities comprising the Non-Transferred Countries which were considered variable interests. We were exposed to losses and residual returns of the entities comprising the Non-Transferred Countries through the right to all of the proceeds from either the divestiture or the eventual legal transfer, upon regulatory approval, of the entities comprising the Non-Transferred Countries. We controlled Intellectual Properties (“IP”) which are significant for the businesses of the Non-Transferred Countries and sub-license those IP to the Non-Transferred Countries. Each entity that comprised the Non-Transferred Countries met the definition of a VIE and we were the primary beneficiary of each of the entities comprising the Non-Transferred Countries.
In September 2021, ownership of Careem’s operations in Morocco was fully transferred to us.

In October 2022, Qatar’s Court of Cassation rejected our final appeal for the proposed acquisition of the assets and operations of Careem Qatar. However, we continue to be exposed to losses and residual returns of the Careem Qatar entity through the right to all of the proceeds from either the divestiture or the eventual legal transfer, upon regulatory approval, of the Careem Qatar entity. We continued to be the primary beneficiary of Careem Qatar and, as a result, consolidated Careem Qatar as of December 31, 2022.
In February 2023, Careem Qatar’s ridesharing operations shut down and an immaterial loss on disposal was recognized. As of December 31, 2023, the entity remains consolidated, as we continue to be the primary beneficiary of the remaining business operations.
Unconsolidated VIEs
We do not consolidate VIEs in which we hold a variable interest but are not the primary beneficiary because we lack the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance. Our carrying amount of both assets and liabilities recognized on the consolidated balance sheets related to unconsolidated VIEs were approximately $548 million and $575 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, the carrying amount of assets and liabilities represent our maximum exposure to loss associated with the unconsolidated VIEs. As of December 31, 2023, our maximum exposure to loss was $686 million, which includes the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities recognized on the consolidated balance sheet related to the unconsolidated VIEs as well as an immaterial financial guarantee.
Lime
Lime is incorporated in Delaware for the purpose of owning and operating a fleet of dockless e-bikes and e-scooters for short-term access use by consumers for personal transportation. We are exposed to Lime’s economic risks and rewards through the related carrying amount of assets and liabilities and any financial guarantees, which represent variable interests. Refer to Note 3 – Investments and Fair Value Measurement for further information on our 2020 Lime Investments.
Moove
On February 12, 2021 (the “Moove Closing Date”), we entered into and completed a series of agreements with Garment Investments S.L. dba Moove (“Moove”), a vehicle fleet operator in Spain, including (i) an equity investment, through preferred shares, in which Uber acquired a 30% minority interest in Moove from its current shareholders at closing and up to approximately $185 million contingent on future performance of Moove and certain other conditions through the eighth anniversary of the agreement, (ii) a term loan of $213 million to Moove, due February 2026, and (iii) a commercial partnership agreement. Also included in the agreements is an option for us to purchase common stock of Moove at fair value, beginning two years after the Moove Closing Date. As of December 31, 2023, we have not exercised this option. After this series of agreements, Moove is considered a related party.
In February 2023, we entered into a settlement and amendment agreement (“Moove Settlement”) with Moove, a related party, to settle certain contingent considerations agreements. As a result of the Moove Settlement, we made an immaterial payment to Moove. The remaining contingent liability is recorded within accrued and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 and is not material.
Our equity investment in Moove, through preferred shares, is accounted for as an investment in non-marketable equity securities included in investments on our consolidated balance sheets. The term loan, of $253 million as of December 31, 2023, is accounted for as a loan receivable, carried at amortized cost, and included in other assets on our consolidated balance sheet. Refer to Note 3 – Investments and Fair Value Measurement, Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis, for additional information regarding our non-marketable equity securities.
Moove is a VIE as it lacks sufficient equity to finance its activities without future subordinated financial support. We are exposed to Moove’s economic risks and rewards through the related carrying amount of assets and liabilities and any financial guarantees, which represent variable interests.
v3.24.0.1
Non-Controlling Interests
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]  
Non-Controlling Interests
Note 16 – Non-Controlling Interests
We have consolidated subsidiaries that have issued common stock and preferred stock or preferred units to third party investors, representing non-controlling interests. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the carrying value of non-controlling interests represented by subsidiaries’ preferred units and preferred stock were $1.3 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively.
ATG Investment: Preferred Unit Purchase Agreement
During 2019, we contributed certain of our subsidiaries and certain assets and liabilities related to our autonomous vehicle technologies (excluding liabilities arising from certain indemnification obligations related to the Levandowski arbitration and any remediation costs associated with certain obligations that may arise as a result of the Waymo settlement) to Apparate in exchange for common units representing 100% ownership interest in Apparate. Subsequent to the formation of Apparate, Apparate entered into a Class A Preferred Unit Purchase Agreement (“Preferred Unit Purchase Agreement”) with SVF Yellow (USA) Corporation (“SoftBank”), Toyota Motor North America, Inc. (“Toyota”), and DENSO International America, Inc. (“DENSO”), collectively “the Investors”, for purchase by the Investors of Class A Preferred Units (“Preferred Units”) in Apparate. Apparate, a subsidiary of ours, issued 1.0 million Preferred Units at $1,000 per unit to the Investors for an aggregate consideration of $1.0 billion ($400 million from Toyota, $333 million from SoftBank, and $267 million from DENSO).
At the option of the Investors, the Preferred Units were convertible into common units of Apparate, initially on a one-for-one basis but subject to potential adjustment, as defined by the Preferred Unit Purchase Agreement at any time. The Preferred Units were entitled to certain distributions, including primarily dividends which are payable in cash or in-kind (at Apparate's discretion), and accrue quarterly, compounded on the last day of each quarter at a 4.5% annual rate. The Preferred Units were entitled to distributions upon the occurrence of a sale or liquidation of Apparate representing an amount that is equal to the greater of (i) the original investment plus any accrued but unpaid amounts, and (ii) their share of distributions assuming conversion to common units of Apparate immediately prior to the sale or liquidation event. The quarterly dividend, along with any attributed prorated share of Apparate’s net income (if applicable), were included in net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax in our consolidated statements of operations. The Preferred Units did not participate in net losses due to a liquidation preference.
Prior to the sale of ATG Business to Aurora in January 2021, we consolidated the ATG Business’ assets and liabilities and reported non-controlling interests described below. Refer to Note 18 – Divestitures for further information on the sale of the ATG Business.
SoftBank’s Preferred Units
SoftBank’s Preferred Units included the option to put to us all, but not less than all, of its initial investment in Preferred Units at a price equal to the number of SoftBank’s Preferred Units multiplied by the greater of (i) the original investment plus any accrued but unpaid amounts per unit and (ii) the fair value of the Preferred Units at the time of conversion (the “Put/Call Price”)The SoftBank Preferred Units were classified as redeemable non-controlling interests in our consolidated financial statements and reported at the Put/Call Price which was determined as of the balance sheet date.
Toyota and DENSO’s Preferred Units
The Toyota and DENSO Preferred Units were classified as non-redeemable non-controlling interests as these units were not subject to any mandatory redemption rights or redemption rights that are outside our control.
Divestiture of ATG Business to Aurora
In January 2021, we completed the sale of our ATG Business to Aurora. As a result, our controlling interest and the non-controlling interests in the ATG Business were settled and ownership of the ATG Business transferred to Aurora. We derecognized the carrying value of non-controlling interests in the ATG Business of $1.1 billion, which included Toyota and DENSO non-redeemable non-controlling interests of $701 million and Softbank’s redeemable non-controlling interests of $356 million. Refer to Note 18 – Divestitures for further information.
Freight Holding
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, we owned 74% and 74%, respectively, of the issued and outstanding capital stock of our subsidiary Freight Holding, or 73% and 72%, respectively, on a fully-diluted basis if all common shares reserved for issuance under our Freight Holding employee incentive plan were issued and outstanding. The minority stockholders of Freight Holding include: (i) holders of Freight Holding’s Series A and A-1 Preferred Stock; (ii) holders of common equity awards issued under the employee equity incentive plans; and (iii) employees who hold fully vested shares.
In May 2022, Freight Holding adopted the 2022 Freight Holding Equity Incentive Plan (the “2022 Freight Holding Plan”). The 2022 Freight Holding Plan serves as the successor to the 2018 Holding Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Freight Holding Plan”). Awards previously granted under the 2018 Freight Holding Plan remain outstanding and governed by the terms of the 2018 Freight Holding Plan.
As of December 31, 2022, a total number of 85.1 million shares of Freight Holding were reserved, of which 39.4 million shares were available for grant and issuance.
As of December 31, 2023, a total number of 356.7 million shares of Freight Holding were reserved, of which 273.8 million shares were available for grant and issuance.
Holders of Common Stock of Freight Holding
The minority common stockholders of our subsidiary Freight Holding, including any holders of common equity awards issued under the employee equity incentive plans and employees who hold fully vested shares, have put rights to sell increasing percentages of their equity interests at fair value to us at specified periods of time beginning in August 2025 through 2027 that terminates upon the earliest of the closing of a liquidation transaction or an IPO of the subsidiary. Should the put rights be exercised, they can be satisfied in either cash, Uber stock, or a combination of cash and Uber stock based upon our election. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the minority common stockholders ownership in Freight Holding is classified as a redeemable non-controlling interest, because it is redeemable on an event that is not solely in our control. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the redeemable non-controlling interest related to holders of common stock of Freight Holding has not been re-measured to redemption value because it is not probable of redemption.
We attribute the pro rata share of Freight Holding’s net income or loss available to holders of common stock to the redeemable non-controlling interests generated from common shares of Freight Holding based on the outstanding ownership of the minority shareholders of common shares during the period.
Freight Series A Preferred Stock
In October 2020, Freight Holding entered into a 2020 Freight Series A Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement with a 2020 Freight Series A Investor. Pursuant to the 2020 Freight Series A Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement, the 2020 Freight Series A Investor agreed to invest an aggregate of $500 million in Freight Holding, which occurred over two closings, subject to customary closing conditions. The 2020 Freight Series A Investor holds two seats on the Freight Holding board of directors as of December 31, 2023.
In October 2020, the initial closing occurred pursuant to the 2020 Freight Series A Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement and 2020 Freight Series A Investor invested $250 million in exchange for 124.7 million shares of Freight Series A preferred stock.
In August 2022, the second closing occurred pursuant to the Freight Series A Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement and the 2020 Freight Series A Investor invested an additional $250 million in exchange for 124.7 million shares of Freight Series A preferred stock. The 2020 Freight Series A Investor is considered a related party to Freight Holding.
We do not attribute the pro rata share of the Freight Holding’s loss to the redeemable non-controlling interests in Series A Preferred shares of Freight Holding because these shares are entitled to a liquidation preference and therefore do not participate in losses that would cause their interest to be below the liquidation preference. Upon liquidation, these Freight Series A preferred stock are entitled to the greater of either (i) a 1.5x liquidation preference on their initial investment, as well as 6% continuously compounding cumulative dividends that will be paid before any distribution to common shareholders or (ii) the fair value of their investment (the “Freight Series A Liquidation Preference”). The dividend, along with any attributed prorated share of Freight Holding’s net income (if applicable), are included in net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax in our consolidated statements of operations.
The 2020 Freight Series A Investor’s Freight Series A preferred stock may be called by us at our option after October 2025 at the Freight Series A Liquidation Preference. Beginning after October 2023, if certain events have not occurred including Freight Holding consummating an IPO, 2020 Freight Series A Investor’s Freight Series A preferred stock could become redeemable by us at the Freight Series A Liquidation Preference. Upon redemption, the 2020 Freight Series A Investor’s Freight Series A preferred stock would be settled in either cash or Uber common shares at our option. On October 6, 2023, the 2020 Freight Series A Investor exercised their right to require that either Freight Holding conduct an IPO or we redeem them as described above, which will be determined by October 2024.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Freight Series A preferred stock held by the 2020 Freight Series A Investor is classified as a redeemable non-controlling interest, because it is redeemable on an event that is not solely in our control. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2023, this redeemable non-controlling interest of Freight Holding was not re-measured to redemption value because it was not probable that the non-controlling interest would become redeemable. Given the 2020 Freight Series A Investor exercised their right during the fourth quarter of 2023, this redeemable non-controlling interest was deemed probable of redemption. Based on the Freight Series A Liquidation Preference, this redeemable non-controlling interest was re-measured to its full estimated redemption value with an adjustment of $286 million.
In July 2021, we entered into a Series A preferred stock purchase agreement and sold shares of Freight Holding's Series A Preferred Stock to The Public Investment Fund, which is an investor in Uber, representing 4% ownership interest on a fully diluted basis at the time of the sale. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Freight Series A preferred stock held by the Public Investment Fund were classified as non-redeemable non-controlling interests as these shares of preferred stock are not subject to any mandatory redemption rights or redemption rights that are outside our control.
Freight Series A-1 Preferred Stock
In November 2021, Freight Holding entered into a 2021 Series A-1 Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement with Freight Series A-1 Investors. Pursuant to the 2021 Series A-1 Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement, the Freight Series A-1 Investors agreed to invest an aggregate of $550 million in Freight Holding in exchange for Freight Series A-1 preferred stock. The purchase and sale of the Freight Series A-1 preferred stock took place concurrently with the closing of the Transplace acquisition. Refer to Note 17 – Business Combinations for additional information on the Transplace acquisition.
Freight Series A-1 Investors have basic rights and preferences which primarily include: one vote per share; conversion rights to common shares; 6% cumulative dividend preference and liquidation preference (a 1.0x liquidation preference of original issuance price plus cumulative unpaid dividends). The accruing dividends are compounding annually, and are only payable when dividends are declared by Freight Holding’s Board. The dividend, along with any attributed prorated share of Freight Holding’s net income (if applicable), are included in net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax in our consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Freight Series A-1 preferred stock held by the Freight Series A-1 Investors were classified as non-redeemable non-controlling interests as these shares of preferred stock are not subject to any mandatory redemption rights or redemption rights that are outside our control.
Freight Holding Supplier Financing Program
Freight Holding utilizes a third-party financial institution that allows our suppliers to be paid by the third-party financial institution earlier than the due date on the applicable invoice at a discounted price. In general, supplier invoices financed by the third-party financial institution are due for payment by Freight Holding within thirty days.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the liability related to the supplier financing program was immaterial and the amounts are included within accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheets.
Cornershop
On July 6, 2020, we closed the acquisition of a 55% controlling ownership interest in CS-Global. Refer to Note 17 – Business Combinations for further information. The non-controlling interest in CS-Global was classified as redeemable non-controlling interest because it was subject to a put/call agreement which was not solely in our control to exercise. At each balance sheet date, the redeemable non-controlling interest was measured using a discounted cash flow methodology and the carrying value was adjusted if the fair value was higher than the carrying value.
On January 11, 2021, CS-Global exercised a call option and acquired 100% of the outstanding equity interest in CS-Mexico, which increased the redeemable non-controlling interest. In August 2021, we acquired the minority shareholders' interests in CS-Global in an all-stock transaction and CS-Global became a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours. We derecognized the carrying value of redeemable non-controlling interests in CS-Global of $1.3 billion. Refer to Note 17 – Business Combinations for further information.
v3.24.0.1
Business Combinations
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]  
Business Combinations
Note 17 – Business Combinations
Cornershop
In 2020, we acquired a 55% controlling interest in Cornershop Global (“CS-Global”), an entity which held all of Cornershop Cayman’s (“Cornershop”) business operations, except for those in Mexico (“CS-Mexico”). As a result, we obtained the controlling financial interest in CS-Global and accounted for the acquisition as a business combination. Cornershop operates as an online grocery delivery platform primarily in Chile and Mexico. Uber and CS-Global also entered into a put/call arrangement over the non-controlling interest in CS-Global, providing Uber the right and obligation to acquire the remaining interest from non-controlling interest holders, exercisable in 5 years if there is no IPO or liquidation event, at a future negotiated price.
Concurrent with the CS-Global acquisition transaction, Uber, Cornershop and CS-Global entered into a put/call arrangement over the non-controlling interest in CS-Global, providing CS-Global with the right through the call option (and obligation through the put option held by Cornershop) to purchase all of the interests in CS-Mexico, contingent upon the receipt of regulatory approval in Mexico (“CS-Mexico Put/Call”). Upon either the exercise of the call option (by CS-Global) or the put option (by Cornershop), CS-Global would acquire 100% of the outstanding equity interests in CS-Mexico.
In December 2020, we received approval from Mexico’s antitrust regulator to complete the CS-Mexico transaction. On January 11, 2021, CS-Global exercised the call option through the CS-Mexico Put/Call agreement and acquired 100% of the outstanding equity interest in CS-Mexico, and we owned 55% of CS-Mexico through our ownership in CS-Global. The acquisition of CS-Mexico was accounted for as a business combination. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred for CS-Mexico was immaterial, and consisted of a combination of cash payment and equity payment in Uber common stock and the fair value of the CS-Mexico Put/Call remeasured at the acquisition date. As a result of remeasuring our prior CS-Mexico Put/Call held immediately prior to the business combination, we recognized an immaterial loss during the year ended December 31, 2021. The loss was included in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statement of operations.
In August 2021, we completed the acquisition of the remaining 45% ownership interest (or 47%, on a fully-diluted basis) in Cornershop in an all-stock transaction. As consideration for our acquisition of the remaining non-controlling interest, we issued 25 million shares of our common stock, including 4.6 million restricted shares issued to certain Cornershop employees. In addition, we issued 4 million stock options to replace assumed outstanding stock options. These replacement stock options attributable to post-acquisition service were included in our option activity and were recognized as stock-based compensation expense.
The acquisition was accounted for as an equity transaction, as we previously controlled and consolidated Cornershop. Accordingly, we did not recognize a gain or loss in our consolidated statement of operations during the year ended December 31, 2021. In connection with this acquisition, the previously recognized non-controlling interest was derecognized. Following this transaction, Cornershop became our wholly-owned subsidiary.
The total purchase price was determined to be $967 million, based on the number of shares issued and Uber’s share price on the closing date. The fair value of the 4.6 million restricted shares issued to certain Cornershop employees was determined to be $202 million. These shares were restricted and contingent on the employees’ continuing employment at the combined company for three years, beginning in August 2021. These restricted shares were considered compensation for post-combination services and were recognized as stock-based compensation expense ratably over three years, beginning in August 2021.
Drizly
On February 2, 2021, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization to acquire 100% ownership interest in Drizly, an on-demand alcohol marketplace in North America.
On October 12, 2021, we completed the acquisition of Drizly, allowing us to expand alcohol offerings in our Delivery business. The acquisition of Drizly was accounted for as a business combination. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred for Drizly was approximately $943 million, which consisted of the following (in millions):
Fair Value
Common stock issued$881 
Cash42 
Stock-based compensation awards attributable to pre-combination services20 
Total consideration$943 
The fair value of the $881 million common stock issued (19 million shares of our common stock), as consideration transferred was determined on the basis of the closing market price of our common stock on the acquisition date.
The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (in millions):
Fair Value
Current assets$50 
Goodwill619 
Intangible assets395 
Other long-term assets7 
Total assets acquired1,071 
Current liabilities(44)
Deferred tax liability(79)
Non-current liabilities(5)
Total liabilities assumed(128)
Net assets acquired$943 
The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill, which is not deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill is primarily attributed to the assembled workforce of Drizly and anticipated operational synergies. Goodwill was assigned to our Delivery segment. The fair values assigned to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on management’s estimates and assumptions at the time of acquisition. Tangible net assets were valued at their respective carrying amounts as of the acquisition date, as these amounts approximate their fair values.
The following table sets forth the components of identifiable intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the date of acquisition (in millions, except years):
Fair ValueWeighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years
Consumer relationship$60 5
Retailer relationship90 10
Advertiser relationship140 12
Developed technology75 3
Trade names30 6
Total$395 
Consumer, retailer, and advertiser relationships represent the fair value of the underlying relationships with Drizly end-users, retailers (such as liquor stores), and advertisers. Developed technology represents the fair value of Drizly’s advertising management platform. Trade names relate to the “Drizly” trade name, trademarks, and domain names. The overall weighted average useful life of the identified amortizable intangible assets acquired is eight years.
The results of Drizly were included in our consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition, October 12, 2021. For the period from October 12, 2021 through December 31, 2021, Drizly contributed an immaterial amount of revenue and loss before taxes.
Transplace
On July 21, 2021, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement to acquire 100% ownership interest in Transplace, a leading transportation management and third-party logistics provider in North America.
On November 12, 2021, we completed the acquisition of Transplace in an all-cash transaction, allowing us to expand our Uber Freight business through Transplace’s expertise in transportation management. The acquisition of Transplace was accounted for as a business combination. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred for Transplace was $2.3 billion.
The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (in millions):
Fair Value
Cash and cash equivalents$29 
Accounts receivable, net
899 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
23 
Property and equipment, net
44 
Operating lease right-of-use assets
57 
Intangible assets, net
902 
Goodwill1,438 
Other assets
3 
Total assets acquired3,395 
Accounts payable
(516)
Operating lease liabilities, current
(7)
Accrued and other current liabilities
(363)
Operating lease liabilities, non-current(66)
Deferred tax liability(163)
Other long-term liabilities
(1)
Total liabilities assumed(1,116)
Net assets acquired$2,279 
The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is primarily attributed to the assembled workforce of Transplace and anticipated operational synergies. Goodwill was assigned to our Freight segment. The fair values assigned to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on management’s estimates and assumptions at the time of acquisition.
The following table sets forth the components of identifiable intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the date of acquisition (in millions, except years):
Fair ValueWeighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years
Consumer relationships$530 12
Developed technology
363 7
Trade names9 2
Total$902 
Customer relationships represent the fair value of the underlying relationships with Transplace customers who utilize their logistics services. Developed technology represents the fair value of Transplace’s customer facing technology platforms. Trade names relate to the “Transplace” trade name, trademarks, and domain names. The overall weighted average useful life of the identified amortizable intangible assets acquired is ten years.
The results of Transplace were included in our consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition, November 12, 2021. For the period from November 12, 2021 through December 31, 2021, Transplace contributed $684 million of revenue and an immaterial amount of loss before taxes.
Certain Unaudited Pro Forma Information
The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents what our results would have been had we acquired Transplace in the beginning of the applicable comparable prior annual reporting period. The 2021 pro forma includes full year results for Transplace. The unaudited pro forma information presented below is for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of our consolidated results of operations of the consolidated business had the acquisition actually occurred at the beginning of applicable comparable prior reporting period or of the results of our future operations of the consolidated business.
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2021
(Unaudited)
Revenue$21,764 
Net loss including non-controlling interests(700)
The pro forma financial information primarily includes adjustments to net loss including non-controlling interests to reflect the additional amortization that would have been recorded assuming the fair value adjustments to intangible assets had been applied from the beginning of applicable comparable prior reporting period, with the related tax effects.
v3.24.0.1
Divestitures
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]  
Divestitures
Note 18 – Divestitures
During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, we completed the following divestitures:
•In 2021, divestitures consisted of the sale of our ATG Business, a subsidiary focused on the development and commercialization of autonomous vehicle technology, to Aurora.
•In 2023, we divested Careem’s non-ridesharing business.
The gains associated with these divestitures were included in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations.
Divestiture of Careem Technologies
In December 2023, we completed the previously announced agreement with e& whereby e& contributed $400 million to Careem Technologies in exchange for a majority equity interest. Refer to Note 4 - Equity Method Investments for further information.
The following table presents the preliminary gain on sale of the interest in Careem Technologies.
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Fair value of common shares received$300 
Cash consideration received
40 
Net consideration received for sale of interest in Careem Technologies
340 
Carrying value of net assets transferred(136)
Gain on the sale of interest in Careem Technologies
$204 
Divestiture of ATG Business to Aurora
On January 19, 2021, we completed the sale of our ATG Business, a subsidiary focused on the development and commercialization of autonomous vehicle technology, to Aurora. As a result, our controlling interest and the non-controlling interests in the ATG Business were settled, and ownership of the ATG Business transferred to Aurora.
As consideration for the sale, Aurora issued Series U-1 preferred shares to the third-party investors of the ATG Business to settle their ATG Series A Stated Liquidation Preference of $1.1 billion, which had previously been recorded as redeemable and non-redeemable non-controlling interests on our consolidated balance sheet prior to this transaction. We received the residual consideration from the sale as the only common unit holder of the ATG Business in the form of Aurora common shares valued at $1.3 billion, representing 22% of fully-diluted (25% undiluted) ownership interest of Aurora. Concurrently, we invested $400 million in Aurora in exchange for Aurora Series U-2 convertible preferred shares, representing 4% of fully-diluted (5% undiluted) ownership interest of Aurora. Refer to Note 3 – Investments and Fair Value Measurement for additional information.
We entered into a commercial agreement with Aurora pursuant to which the parties will collaborate with best efforts to launch and commercialize self-driving vehicles on our ridesharing network. We also allowed unvested RSUs for Uber stock held by employees of the ATG Business that transferred to Aurora to continue to vest over the next 12 months contingent upon the employee remaining at Aurora. As a result, we recognized liabilities of $315 million as consideration for these future obligations to Aurora.
The sale of the ATG Business did not represent a strategic shift that would have had a major effect on our operations and financial results, and therefore does not qualify for reporting as a discontinued operation. The resulting gain on disposal was recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations.
The following table presents the gain on sale of the ATG Business (in millions):
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Fair value of common shares received$1,277 
Derecognition of ATG Business' non-controlling interests1,057 
Liability recognized for future obligations(315)
Net consideration received for sale of the ATG Business2,019 
Carrying value of net assets transferred(375)
Gain on the sale of the ATG Business$1,644 
v3.24.0.1
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts [Abstract]  
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
The table below details the activity of the allowance for doubtful accounts, deferred tax asset valuation allowance, and insurance reserves (in millions):
Balance at
Beginning of
Period
Additions (1), (2)
Deductions (2)
Balance at
End of
Period
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Allowance for doubtful accounts$55 $246 $(250)$51 
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance$13,410 $571 $(61)$13,920 
Insurance reserves$3,466 $1,696 $(1,174)$3,988 
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Allowance for doubtful accounts$51 $286 $(257)$80 
Deferred tax assets valuation allowance$13,920 $2,204 $(2,153)$13,971 
Insurance reserves$3,988 $2,128 $(1,396)$4,720 
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Allowance for doubtful accounts$80 $245 $(234)$91 
Deferred tax assets valuation allowance$13,971 $81 $(107)$13,945 
Insurance reserves$4,720 $3,544 $(1,526)$6,738 
(1) Additions to insurance reserves include $69 million, $152 million and $158 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 respectively, for changes in estimates resulting from new developments in prior period claims. Additions to insurance reserves also include $374 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 for reserves assumed in connection with a loss portfolio transfer reinsurance agreement. For additional information on the loss portfolio transfer reinsurance agreement, see Note 1 – Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
(2) For the year ended December 31, 2021, the increase in the valuation allowance was primarily attributable to a tax rate increase in the Netherlands, an increase in U.S. federal, state and Netherlands deferred tax assets resulting from the loss from operations, and tax credits generated during the year, offset partially by the release of the valuation allowance due to deferred tax liabilities recorded as a result of the acquisitions providing an additional source of taxable income to support the realizability of pre-existing deferred tax assets.
For the year ended December 31, 2022, the increase in the valuation allowance was primarily attributable to an increase in deferred tax assets resulting from the loss from operations, offset by the deferred tax impact from the transfer of certain intangible assets among our wholly-owned subsidiaries.
v3.24.0.1
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”).
Basis of Consolidation We consolidate our wholly-owned subsidiaries and majority-owned subsidiaries over which we exercise control, and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) where we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary. Refer to Note 15 – Variable Interest Entities for further information. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions, which affect the reported amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are based on historical experience, where applicable, and other assumptions which management believes are reasonable under the circumstances. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates estimates, including, but not limited to: fair values of investments and other financial instruments (including the measurement of credit or impairment losses); useful lives of amortizable long-lived assets; fair value of acquired intangible assets and related impairment assessments; impairment of goodwill; stock-based compensation; income taxes and non-income tax reserves; certain deferred tax assets and tax liabilities; insurance reserves; and other contingent liabilities. These estimates are inherently subject to judgment and actual results could differ from those estimates.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Concentration of Credit Risk
Cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, restricted cash and cash equivalents, restricted investments, other receivables, and accounts receivable are potentially subject to credit risk concentration. Cash, cash equivalents, and available-for-sale securities primarily consist of money market funds, cash deposits, U.S. government and agency securities, and investment-grade corporate debt securities. Our investment policy limits the amount of credit exposure with any one financial institution or commercial issuer. Cash deposits typically exceed insured limits and are placed with financial institutions around the world that we believe are of high credit quality. We have not experienced any material losses related to these concentrations during the periods presented. Our other receivables include funds withheld by well-established insurance companies with high credit quality that may be used to cover future settlement of reserved insurance claims. We rely on a limited number of third parties to provide payment processing services (“payment service providers”) to collect amounts due from end-users. Payment service providers are financial institutions or credit card companies that we believe are of high credit quality.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash held in checking and savings accounts as well as investments in money market funds, U.S. government and agency securities, commercial paper, corporate bonds, and time deposits. We consider all highly-liquid investments purchased with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash includes amounts collected on behalf of, but not yet remitted to Drivers and Merchants, which are included in accrued and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents
Restricted cash and cash equivalents are pledged as security for letters of credit or other collateral amounts established by us for certain insurance policies and also include cash and cash equivalents that are unavailable for immediate use due to legal and/or contractual restrictions. Restricted cash and cash equivalents are classified as current and non-current assets based on the contractual or estimated term of the remaining restriction.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts receivable represents: (i) uncollected payments from end-users for completed transactions where the payment method is credit card and includes (a) end-user payments not yet settled with payment service providers and (b) end-user payments settled by payment service providers but not yet remitted to us; (ii) completed shipments where we have an unconditional right to the consideration from Freight customers (“Shippers”) and payment has not been received; or (iii) uncollected payments from Uber for Business organizations for completed transactions. The timing of settlement of amounts due from these parties varies by region and by product. The portion of the receivable to be remitted to Drivers and Merchants is included in accrued and other current liabilities. Refer to Note 9 – Supplemental Financial Statement Information for amounts payable to Drivers and Merchants.
Although we pre-authorize forms of payment to mitigate our exposure, we bear the cost of any accounts receivable losses. We record an allowance for doubtful accounts for accounts receivable that may never settle or be collected, as well as for credit card chargebacks including fraudulent credit card transactions. The allowance for doubtful accounts is primarily included as cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. We estimate the allowance based on historical experience, estimated future payments and geographical trends, which are reviewed periodically and as needed, and amounts are written off when determined to be uncollectible.
Property and Equipment, Net
Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight‑line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are as follows:
Property and EquipmentEstimated Useful Life
LandIndefinite
Buildings
30-45 years
Site improvements
5-15 years
Computer equipment
3-5 years
Furniture and fixtures
3-5 years
Internal-use software
2 years
Leased computer equipmentShorter of estimated useful life or lease term
Leasehold improvementsShorter of estimated useful life or lease term
When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost, accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations in the period realized. Maintenance and repairs that do not enhance or extend the asset’s useful life are charged to operating expenses as incurred.
We capitalize certain costs, such as compensation costs, including stock-based compensation, and interest incurred on outstanding debt, in developing internal-use software once planning has been completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will function as intended. Amortization of such costs occurs on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related asset and begins once the asset is ready for its intended use. Costs incurred prior to meeting these criteria, together with costs incurred for training and maintenance, are expensed as incurred. In addition, we capitalize interest incurred on outstanding debt during the period of construction-in-progress of certain assets.
Leases
Leases
We account for leases in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842, “Leases” (“ASC 842”). We elected the “package of practical expedients,” which permits us not to reassess under ASC 842 our prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. We made a policy election not to separate non-lease components from lease components, therefore, we account for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. We also elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify.
We determine if a contract contains a lease at inception of the arrangement based on whether we have the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of an identified asset and whether we have the right to direct the use of an identified asset in exchange for consideration, which relates to an asset which we do not own. Right of use (“ROU”) assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets are recognized as the lease liability, adjusted for lease incentives received. Lease liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at the lease commencement date. The interest rate used to determine the present value of the future lease payments is our incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”), because the interest rate implicit in most of our leases is not readily determinable. The IBR is a hypothetical rate based on our understanding of what our credit rating would be to borrow and resulting interest we would pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment over the lease term on a collateralized basis. Lease payments may be fixed or variable; however, only fixed payments or in-substance fixed payments are included in our lease liability calculation. Variable lease payments may include costs such as common area maintenance, utilities, real estate taxes or other costs. Variable lease payments are recognized in operating expenses in the period in which the obligation for those payments are incurred.
Operating leases are included in operating lease ROU assets, operating lease liabilities, current and operating lease liabilities, non-current on our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, net, accrued and other current liabilities, and other long-term liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. For operating leases, lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis in operations over the lease term. For finance leases, lease expense is recognized as depreciation and interest; depreciation on a straight-line basis over the lease term and interest using the effective interest method.
Acquisitions
Acquisitions
We account for acquisitions of entities or asset groups that qualify as businesses in accordance with ASC 805, “Business Combinations” (“ASC 805”). The purchase price of the acquisition is allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over those fair values is recorded as goodwill. During the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any
subsequent adjustments are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations.
Goodwill
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination and is allocated to reporting units expected to benefit from the business combination. We test goodwill for impairment at least annually, in the fourth quarter, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. We evaluate our reporting units when changes in our operating structure occur, and if necessary, reassign goodwill using a relative fair value allocation approach. In testing for goodwill impairment, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, we determine it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then additional impairment testing is not required. However, if we conclude otherwise, we proceed to the quantitative assessment.
The quantitative assessment compares the estimated fair value of a reporting unit to its book value, including goodwill. If the fair value exceeds book value, goodwill is considered not to be impaired and no additional steps are necessary. However, if the book value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss will be recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
Intangible Assets, Net
Intangible Assets, Net
Intangible assets are carried at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, which range from two to 18 years. We review definite-lived intangible assets for impairment under the long-lived asset model described in the Evaluation of Long-Lived Assets for Impairment section.
Investments
Investments
Equity Securities
Accounting for our equity securities varies depending on the marketability of the security and the type of investment. Our marketable equity securities in publicly traded companies are measured at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. Certain investments in non-marketable equity securities are measured at cost, with remeasurements to fair value only upon the occurrence of observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar securities of the same issuer, or in the event of any impairment. We reassess non-marketable equity securities at each reporting period to determine whether they have a readily determinable fair value, in which case they would no longer be eligible for fair value measurement alternative. Non-marketable equity securities that we elected to apply the fair value option and equity securities with a readily determinable fair value are measured at fair value on a recurring basis with changes in fair value recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. We evaluate our non-marketable equity securities for impairment at each reporting period based on a qualitative assessment that considers various potential impairment indicators. Impairment indicators might include, but would not necessarily be limited to, a significant deterioration in the earnings performance, credit rating, asset quality, or business prospects of the investee, a significant adverse change in the regulatory, economic, or technological environment of the investee, a bona fide offer to purchase, an offer by the investee to sell, or a completed auction process for the same or similar securities for an amount less than the carrying amount of the investments in those securities. If an impairment exists, a loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the investment. We include investments in equity securities within investments on the consolidated balance sheets.
Debt Securities
Accounting for our debt securities varies depending on the legal form of the security, our intended holding period for the security, and the nature of the transaction. Investments in debt securities are classified as available-for-sale and are initially recorded at fair value. Investments in marketable debt securities may include U.S. government and agency securities, commercial paper, corporate bonds, and time deposits. Certain investments in non-marketable equity securities with redemption, interest, or other debt-like features were classified as available-for-sale debt securities. Subsequent changes in fair value of available-for-sale debt securities are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. We record certain of our debt securities at fair value with the changes in fair value recorded in earnings under the fair value option of accounting for financial instruments.
As of December 31, 2023, we considered our marketable debt securities as available for use in current operations, including those with maturity dates beyond one year, and therefore classify these securities as short-term investments on the consolidated balance sheets.
Allowance for Credit Losses on Available-for-sale Debt Securities
We account for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities in accordance with ASC 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (“ASC 326”). Under ASC 326, at each reporting period, we evaluate our available-for-sale debt securities at the individual security level to determine whether there is a decline in the fair value below its amortized cost basis (an impairment). In circumstances
where we intend to sell, or are more likely than not required to sell, the security before it recovers its amortized cost basis, the difference between fair value and amortized cost is recognized as a loss in the consolidated statements of operations, with a corresponding write-down of the security’s amortized cost. In circumstances where neither condition exists, we then evaluate whether a decline is due to credit-related factors. The factors considered in determining whether a credit loss exists can include the extent to which fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, changes in the credit quality of the underlying loan obligors, credit ratings actions, as well as other factors. To determine the portion of a decline in fair value that is credit-related, we compare the present value of the expected cash flows of the security discounted at the security’s effective interest rate to the amortized cost basis of the security. A credit-related impairment is limited to the difference between fair value and amortized cost, and recognized as an allowance for credit loss on the consolidated balance sheet with a corresponding adjustment to net income (loss). Any remaining decline in fair value that is non-credit related is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. Improvements in expected cash flows due to improvements in credit are recognized through reversal of the credit loss and corresponding reduction in the allowance for credit loss.
Restricted Investments
Restricted Investments
As of December 31, 2023, restricted investments on the consolidated balance sheets are comprised of marketable debt securities that may include U.S. government and agency securities, commercial paper, corporate bonds, and time deposits, which are held in trust accounts at third-party financial institutions pursuant to certain contracts with insurance providers. Restricted investments are classified as non-current assets as these investments are unavailable for use in short-term operations due to legal and/or contractual restrictions.
Equity Method Investments
Equity Method Investments
Investments in common stock or in-substance common stock of entities that provide us with the ability to exercise significant influence, but not a controlling financial interest, over the investee are accounted for under the equity method of accounting, unless the fair value option is elected. Investments accounted for under the equity method are initially recorded at cost. Subsequently, we recognize through the consolidated statements of operations and as an adjustment to the investment balance, our proportionate share of the investees’ net income or loss and the amortization of basis differences. We record our share of the results of equity method investments one quarter in arrears as income (loss) from equity method investment, net of tax in the consolidated statements of operations. We evaluate each of our equity method investments at the end of each reporting period to determine whether events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the investment may not be fully recoverable. We recognize in the consolidated statements of operations and as an adjustment to the investment balance, any required impairment loss. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. This evaluation consists of several qualitative and quantitative factors including recent financial results and operating trends of the investee; implied values in recent transactions of investee securities; other publicly available information that may affect the value of our investments.
Evaluation of Long-Lived Assets for Impairment
Evaluation of Long-Lived Assets for Impairment
We evaluate our held-and-used long-lived assets for indicators of possible impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group (collectively, the “asset group”) may not be recoverable. We measure the recoverability of the asset group by comparing the carrying amount of such asset groups to the future undiscounted cash flows it expects the asset group to generate. If we consider the asset group to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized equals the amount by which the carrying value of the asset group exceeds its fair value.
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), we use the fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy, as defined below, gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are set forth below:    
Level 1    Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2    Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in markets that are not active or inputs other than the quoted prices that are observable either directly or indirectly for the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3    Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Our primary financial instruments include receivables, investments in debt and equity securities, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, long-term debt and warrants. The estimated fair value of marketable debt securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximates their carrying value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
Variable Interest Entities
Variable Interest Entities
We evaluate our ownership, contractual, and other interests in entities to determine if we have a variable interest in an entity. These evaluations are complex, involve judgment and the use of estimates and assumptions based on available historical and prospective information, among other factors. If we determine that an entity for which we hold a contractual or ownership interest in is a VIE and that we are the primary beneficiary, we consolidate such entity in the consolidated financial statements. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party that meets both of the following criteria: (1) has the power to make decisions that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIE; and (2) has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that in either case could potentially be significant to the VIE. Periodically, we determine whether any changes in the interest or relationship with the entity impact the determination of whether the entity is still a VIE and whether we are still the primary beneficiary. If we are not deemed to be the primary beneficiary in a VIE, we account for the investment or other variable interests in a VIE in accordance with applicable GAAP.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when or as we satisfy our obligations. We derive revenue from Drivers’ and Merchants’ use of our platform, on-demand lead generation, and related services, including facilitating payments from end-users. The service enables Drivers and Merchants to seek, receive and fulfill on-demand requests from end-users seeking Mobility or Delivery services (collectively the “Uber Service”). In certain markets we also generate revenue from end-users. In these markets, we charge end-users a direct fee for use of the platform or in exchange for Mobility or Delivery services. Additionally, we derive revenue from customers' use of Freight services.
We periodically reassess our revenue recognition policies as business models and other factors evolve.
Mobility and Delivery Agreements
We primarily enter into Master Services Agreements (“MSA”) with Drivers and Merchants to use the platform. The MSA defines the service fee we charge Drivers and Merchants for each transaction. Upon acceptance of a transaction, Drivers and Merchants agree to perform the services as requested by an end-user. The acceptance of a transaction request combined with the MSA establishes enforceable rights and obligations for each transaction. A contract exists between us and the Drivers and Merchants after the Drivers and Merchants accept a transaction request and the Drivers’ and Merchants’ ability to cancel the transaction lapses.
The Uber Service activities are performed to satisfy our sole performance obligation in the transaction, which is to connect Drivers and Merchants with end-users to facilitate the completion of a successful transaction.
In markets where we are responsible for Mobility services to end-users, end-users are our customers and our sole performance obligation in the transaction is to provide transportation services to the end-user. In markets where we are responsible for Delivery services to end-users, Merchants and end-users are our customers. In addition to our performance obligation to Merchants, our performance obligation to end-users is to provide delivery services.
In certain markets, we charge Mobility and Delivery end-users a fee to use the platform. In these transactions, in addition to performance obligations to Drivers and Merchants, we have a performance obligation to end-users to connect end-users to Drivers and Merchants in the marketplace.
Principal vs. Agent Considerations
Judgment is required in determining whether we are the principal or agent in transactions with Drivers, Merchants and end-users. We evaluate the presentation of revenue on a gross or net basis based on whether we control the service provided to the end-user and are the principal (i.e. “gross”), or we arrange for other parties to provide the service to the end-user and are an agent (i.e. “net”). This determination also impacts the presentation of incentives provided to Drivers and Merchants and discounts and promotions offered to end-users to the extent they are not customers.
In Mobility and Delivery transactions where our role is to provide the Uber Service to Drivers and Merchants to facilitate a successful trip or Delivery service, we do not control and are not primarily responsible for the good or service provided by Drivers and Merchants to end-users. In these transactions, Mobility and Delivery revenue is recorded on a net basis.
In certain other markets, we agree to provide Mobility or Delivery services to end-users for a fee. In these markets, we are primarily responsible for the services and present the respective Mobility and Delivery revenue on a gross basis. Payments to Drivers and Couriers in exchange for their services are recorded as cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization.
Mobility
We derive our Mobility revenue from service fees paid by Drivers for use of the platform and related service to connect with Riders and successfully complete a trip via the Platform, amounts charged to end-users for Mobility services, and fees charged to end-users for use of the platform in certain markets. We recognize revenue when a trip is complete.
Depending on the market where the trip is completed, the service fee is either a fixed percentage of the end-user fare or the difference between the amount paid by an end-user and the amount earned by Drivers. In markets where we earn the difference between the amount paid by an end-user and the amount earned by Drivers, end-users are quoted a fixed upfront price for ridesharing services while we pay Drivers based on actual time and distance for the ridesharing services provided. We typically receive the service fee within a short period of time following the completion of a trip.
In certain markets, end-users have the option to pay cash for trips. Service fees for cash trips are recognized only when collected from Drivers as we concluded that collectability of such amounts is not probable until collected.
Mobility revenue also includes immaterial revenue streams such as our financial partnerships products.
Delivery
We derive our Delivery revenue from service fees paid by Couriers and Merchants for use of the platform and related service to successfully complete meal preparation, grocery and other delivery service on the platform, amounts charged to end-users for Delivery services, and fees charged to end-users for use of the platform in certain markets. We recognize revenue when a Delivery transaction is complete.
In the majority of transactions, the service fee paid by Merchants is a fixed percentage of the meal price. The service fee paid by Couriers is the difference between the delivery fee amount paid by the end-user and the amount earned by the Couriers. End-users are quoted a fixed price for the meal delivery while we pay Couriers based on time and distance for the delivery. We typically receive the service fee within a short period of time following the completion of a delivery.
Freight
We derive our Freight revenue from freight transportation services provided to Shippers.
Brokerage
Brokerage revenue represents the gross amount of fees charged to Shippers for our services because we control the service provided to customers. Costs incurred with carriers for Brokerage are recorded in cost of revenue. Shippers contract with us to utilize our network of independent freight carriers to transport freight. We enter into contracts with Shippers that define the price for each shipment and payment terms. Our acceptance of the shipment request establishes enforceable rights and obligations for each contract. By accepting the Shipper's order, we have responsibility for transportation of the shipment from origin to destination. We enter into separate contracts with independent freight carriers and are responsible for payment of freight charges to the carrier regardless of payment by the Shipper. We invoice the Shipper upon satisfaction of our sole performance obligation to transport a Shipper’s freight using our network of independent freight carriers. We recognize revenue associated with our performance obligation over the contract term, which represents our performance over the period of time a shipment is in transit. While the transit period of our contracts can vary based on origin and destination, contracts still in transit at period end are not material. Payment for our services is generally due within 30 to 45 days upon receipt of invoice.
Transportation Management
We provide an integrated logistics and transportation service, which can include shipment planning, freight optimization, carrier assignment, load management, freight audit and payment processing and other related transportation services. Our sole performance obligation in these contracts is the integration of these services to transport the Shipper’s freight on a shipment-by-shipment basis. The majority of our transportation management revenue is recognized on a gross basis in the amount of gross fees charged to Shippers upon satisfaction of our performance obligation because we control the service provided to customers. Costs incurred with carriers for these transactions are recorded in cost of revenue. In transactions where we do not control the service provided to customers, we recognize revenue on a net basis. Revenue is recognized as our performance obligation is satisfied, which generally represents the transit period from origin to destination by a third-party carrier. While the transit period of our contracts can vary based on origin and destination, contracts still in transit at period end are not material. Payment for our services is generally due within 30 to 60 days upon completion of our performance obligation.
Principal vs. Agent Considerations
Judgment is required in determining whether we are the principal or agent in transactions with Shippers. For contracts where we control the service before it is transferred to the Shipper, we are primarily responsible for identifying and directing independent freight carriers to transport the Shipper’s goods, including having discretion in selecting a qualified independent freight carrier that meets the Shipper’s specifications. We also have pricing discretion for the price(s) charged to Shippers and amounts paid to Carriers. Accordingly, we are the principal in these transactions. In certain arrangements, we do not control the service provided to customers as
we do not have latitude in carrier selection and establishing rates with the Carrier. Revenue is recognized on a net basis for these transactions.
Advertising Revenue
We derive the majority of our advertising revenue from sponsored listing fees paid by Merchants and brands in exchange for advertising on our platform. Advertising revenue is recognized when an end-user engages with the sponsored listing based on the number of clicks. Revenue is presented on a gross basis in the amount billed to Merchants and brands as we control the advertisement before it is transferred to the end-user.
Incentives to Customers
Incentives provided to customers are recorded as a reduction of revenue if we do not receive a distinct good or service or cannot reasonably estimate the fair value of the good or service received. Incentives to customers that are not provided in exchange for a distinct good or service are evaluated as variable consideration, in the most likely amount to be earned by the customer at the time or as they are earned by customers, depending on the type of incentive. Since incentives are earned over a short period of time, there is limited uncertainty when estimating variable consideration.
Incentives earned by customers for referring new customers are paid in exchange for a distinct service and are accounted for as customer acquisition costs. We expense such referral payments as incurred in sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. We expense costs to acquire new customer contracts as incurred because the amortization period would be one year or less. The amount recorded as an expense is the lesser of the amount of the incentive paid or the established fair value of the service received. Fair value of the service is established using amounts paid to vendors for similar services. The amounts paid to customers presented as sales and marketing expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 were immaterial.
In some transactions, incentives and payments made to customers may exceed the revenue earned in the transaction. In these transactions, the resulting shortfall amount is recorded as a reduction of revenue.
End-User Discounts and Promotions
We offer discounts and promotions to end-users to encourage use of our platform. These are offered in various forms of discounts and promotions and include:
Targeted end-user discounts and promotions: These discounts and promotions are offered to a limited number of end-users in a market to acquire, re-engage, or generally increase end-users use of the Platform, and are akin to a coupon. An example is an offer providing a discount on a limited number of rides or deliveries during a limited time period. We record the cost of these discounts and promotions to end-users who are not our customers as sales and marketing expenses at the time they are redeemed by the end-user.
End-user referrals: These referrals are earned when an existing end-user (the referring end-user) refers a new end-user (the referred end-user) to the platform and the new end-user who is not our customer completes their first transaction on the platform. These referrals are typically paid in the form of a credit given to the referring end-user. These referrals are offered to attract new end-users to the Platform. We record the liability for these referrals and corresponding expenses as sales and marketing expenses at the time the referral is earned by the referring end-user.
Market-wide promotions: These promotions are pricing actions in the form of discounts that reduce the end-user fare charged by Drivers and Merchants to end-users who are not our customers for all or substantially all Mobility or Delivery offerings in a specific market. This also includes any discounts offered under our subscription offerings and certain discounts within the Uber Rewards programs, which enable end-users to receive a fixed fare or a discount on all eligible rides. Accordingly, we record the cost of these promotions as a reduction of revenue at the time the transaction is completed.
Refunds and Credits
Refunds and credits to end-users due to end-user dissatisfaction with the Platform are recorded as sales and marketing expenses or as a reduction of revenue depending on whether the end-user is considered a customer based on the market. Refunds to end-users that we recover from Drivers and Merchants are recorded as a reduction of revenue.
Other
We have elected to exclude from revenue, taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and are concurrent with specific revenue producing transactions, and collected from Drivers, Merchants and end-users and remitted to governmental authorities. Accordingly, such amounts are not included as a component of revenue or cost of revenue.
Practical Expedients
We have utilized the practical expedient available under ASC 606-10-50-14 and do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. We have no significant financing components in our contracts with customers.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-Based Compensation
We account for stock-based compensation expense in accordance with the fair value recognition and measurement provisions of GAAP, which requires compensation cost for the grant-date fair value of stock-based awards to be recognized over the requisite service period. We account for forfeitures when they occur. The fair value of stock-based awards, granted or modified, is determined on the grant date (or modification or acquisition dates, if applicable) at fair value, using appropriate valuation techniques. Subsequent to our IPO in May 2019, the fair value of common stock was determined on the grant date using the closing price of our common stock.
Service-Based Awards
We record stock-based compensation expense for service-based stock options and restricted stock units (“RSU(s)”) on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally four years.
For stock options with service-based vesting conditions only, the valuation model, typically the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, incorporates various assumptions including expected stock price volatility, expected term and risk-free interest rates. We estimate the volatility of common stock on the date of grant based on the weighted-average historical stock price volatility of our own shares or comparable publicly traded companies in our industry group. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant with a term equal to the expected term. We estimate the expected term based on the simplified method for employee stock options considered to be “plain vanilla” options, as our historical share option exercise experience does not provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected term. We estimate the expected term for non-employees’ options based on the contractual term. The expected dividend yield is 0.0% as we have not paid and do not anticipate paying dividends on our common stock.
Performance-Based Awards
We have granted restricted common stock awards (“RSA(s)”), RSUs, stock appreciation rights (“SAR(s)”), stock options, and warrants that vest upon the satisfaction of both service-based and performance-based conditions. The service-based condition for these awards generally is satisfied over three or four years. The performance-based conditions generally are satisfied upon achieving specified performance targets, such as our financial or operating metrics, and/or the occurrence of a qualifying event, defined as the earlier of (i) the closing of certain specific liquidation or change in control transactions, or (ii) an initial public offering (“IPO”). We record stock-based compensation expense for performance-based equity awards such as RSAs, RSUs, SARs, and stock options on an accelerated attribution method over the requisite service period, which is generally three or four years, and only if performance-based conditions are considered probable to be satisfied.
For performance-based awards and RSUs, we determine the grant-date fair value to be the fair value of our common stock on the grant date.
For performance-based SARs, stock options, and warrants, we determine the grant-date fair value utilizing the valuation model as described above for service-based awards.
Market-Based Awards
We have granted RSUs and stock options that vest only upon the satisfaction of the following conditions: service-based conditions, performance-based conditions, and/or market-based conditions. The service-based condition for these awards generally is satisfied over three or four years. The performance-based conditions generally are satisfied upon achieving specified performance targets, such as the occurrence of a qualifying event, as described above for performance-based awards. The market-based conditions are satisfied upon our achievement of specified fully-diluted equity values, as determined based on our stock price.
For market-based awards, we determine the grant-date fair value utilizing a Monte Carlo valuation model, which incorporates various assumptions including expected stock price volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rates, expected date of a qualifying event, and expected capital raise percentage. We estimate the volatility of common stock on the date of grant based on historical volatility of Uber’s stock price. We estimate the expected term based on various exercise scenarios. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.
We record stock-based compensation expense for market-based equity awards such as RSUs and stock options on an accelerated attribution method over the requisite service period, and only if performance-based conditions are considered probable to be satisfied. We determine the requisite service period by comparing the derived service period to achieve the market-based condition and the explicit service-based period, using the longer of the two service periods as the requisite service period.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”)
We recognize stock-based expenses related to shares issued pursuant to our 2019 ESPP on a straight-line basis over the offering period. The ESPP provides for twelve-month offering periods, and each offering period includes two purchase periods of approximately six months. The ESPP allows eligible employees to purchase shares of our common stock at a 15 percent discount on the lower price of either (i) the offering period begin date or (ii) the purchase date. We estimate the fair value of shares to be issued under the ESPP based on a combination of options valued using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. We determine volatility over
an expected term of six months and twelve months based on our historical volatility. We estimate the expected term based on the contractual term.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements.
We account for uncertainty in tax positions recognized in the consolidated financial statements by recognizing a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits. Income tax positions must meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold at the effective date to be recognized.
We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for (benefit from) income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations.
Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts that are more-likely-than-not expected to be realized based on the weighting of positive and negative evidence. Future realization of deferred tax assets ultimately depends on the existence of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character (for example, ordinary income or capital gain) within the carryback or carryforward periods available under the applicable tax law. We regularly review the deferred tax assets for recoverability based on historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation, the expected timing of the reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and tax planning strategies. Our judgment regarding future profitability may change due to many factors, including future market conditions and the ability to successfully execute our business plans and/or tax planning strategies. Should there be a change in the ability to recover deferred tax assets, our income tax provision would increase or decrease in the period in which the assessment is changed. We elected the tax law ordering approach in assessing the realizability of net operating losses expected to offset future Global Intangible Low-taxed Income (“GILTI”).
We have elected to treat any potential GILTI inclusions as a period cost.
The establishment of deferred tax assets from intra-entity transfers of intangible assets requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions to determine the fair value of such intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing intangible assets may include, but are not necessarily limited to, internal revenue and expense forecasts, the estimated life of the intangible assets, comparable transaction values, and/or discount rates. The discount rates used to discount expected future cash flows to present value are derived from a weighted-average cost of capital analysis and are adjusted to reflect the inherent risks related to the cash flow. Although we believe the assumptions and estimates utilized are reasonable and appropriate, they are based, in part, on historical experience, internal and external comparable data and are inherently uncertain. Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur that could affect either the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or actual results.
Cost of Revenue Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization, primarily consists of costs incurred for certain Mobility and Delivery transactions where we are primarily responsible for Mobility and Delivery services and pay Drivers and Couriers for services, certain insurance costs related to our Mobility and Delivery offerings, costs incurred with Carriers for Uber Freight transportation services, credit card processing fees, bank fees, data center and networking expenses, mobile device and service costs, and amounts related to fare chargebacks and other credit card losses
Operations and Support Expenses Operations and support expenses primarily consist of compensation costs, including stock-based compensation, for employees that support operations in cities, including the general managers, Driver operations, platform user support representatives and community managers. Also included is the cost of customer support, Driver background checks and the allocation of certain corporate costs.
Sales and Marketing Expenses Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of advertising costs, product marketing costs, discounts, loyalty programs, promotions, refunds, and credits provided to end-users who are not customers, compensation costs, including stock-based compensation to sales and marketing employees, and the allocation of certain corporate costs. We expense advertising and other promotional expenditures as incurred.
Research and Development Expenses Research and development expenses primarily consist of compensation costs, including stock-based compensation, for employees in engineering, design and product development. Expenses also include ongoing improvements to, and maintenance of, existing products and services, and allocation of certain corporate costs.
General and Administrative Expenses General and administrative expenses primarily consist of compensation costs, including stock-based compensation, for executive management and administrative employees, including finance and accounting, human resources, policy and communications, legal, and certain impairment charges, as well as allocation of certain corporate costs, occupancy, and general corporate insurance costs. General and administrative expenses also include certain legal settlements.
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses Depreciation and amortization expenses primarily consist of depreciation on buildings, site improvements, computer and network equipment, software, leasehold improvements, furniture and fixtures, and amortization of intangible assets.
Restructuring and Related Charges
Restructuring and Related Charges
Costs associated with management-approved restructuring activities, including reductions in headcount, exiting a market or consolidation of facilities are recognized when they are incurred and may include employee termination benefits, impairment of long-lived assets (including impairment of operating lease right-of-use assets), contract termination costs and accelerated lease cost for right-of-use assets that ceased to be used. We record a liability for employee termination benefits either when it is probable that an employee is entitled to them and the amount of the benefits can be reasonably estimated or when management has communicated the termination plan to employees and all of the following conditions have been met: management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan of termination; the plan identifies the number of employees to be terminated, their job classifications and their locations, and the expected completion date; the plan establishes the terms of the benefit arrangement in sufficient detail to enable employees to determine the type and amount of benefits they will receive if they are involuntarily terminated; and actions required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn. We accrue for costs to terminate contracts other than a lease when we terminate the contract in accordance with the contract terms. Costs that will continue to be incurred for the remaining term of a contract that is not a lease, and provide no economic benefits to us are recognized at the cease-use date. Costs associated with lease contracts are accounted for under the leasing accounting guidance or under the long-lived assets accounting guidance.
Restructuring and related charges are recognized as an operating expense within the consolidated statements of operations and are classified based on our classification policy for each category of operating expense. Personnel costs are classified based on each employee’s classification, lease costs (including impairments of right-of-use assets) are classified in the same expense line item where each lease’s rent expense was recognized and impairment of other long-lived assets are recorded within general and administrative expenses.
Foreign Currency
Foreign Currency
The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is the local currency or U.S. dollar depending on the nature of the subsidiaries’ activities. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are remeasured to the functional currency at the exchange rate in effect at the end of the period. Gains and losses resulting from remeasurement are recorded in foreign exchange gains (losses), net within other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. Subsidiary assets and liabilities with non-U.S. dollar functional currencies are translated at the month-end rate, retained earnings and other equity items are translated at historical rates, and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Cumulative translation adjustments are recorded within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a separate component of total equity (deficit).
Net Income (Loss) Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
Net Income (Loss) Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
We compute net income (loss) per share using the two-class method required for participating securities. The two-class method requires income available to common stockholders for the period to be allocated between common stock and participating securities based upon their respective rights to receive dividends as if all income for the period had been distributed.
Our restricted common stock, and common stock issued upon early exercise of stock options are participating securities. We consider restricted common stock and any shares issued upon early exercise of stock options, subject to repurchase, to be participating securities because holders of such shares have non-forfeitable dividend rights in the event a cash dividend is declared on common stock.
Insurance Reserves
Insurance Reserves
We use a combination of third-party insurance and self-insurance mechanisms, including a wholly-owned captive insurance subsidiary, to provide for the potential liabilities for certain risks, including auto liability, uninsured and underinsured motorist, auto physical damage, general liability, and workers’ compensation. Insurance reserves is the liability for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses, which represents the estimate of the ultimate unpaid obligation for risks retained by us and includes an amount for case reserves related to reported claims and an amount for losses incurred but not reported as of the balance sheet date. The estimate of the ultimate unpaid obligation utilizes generally accepted actuarial methods applied to historical claim and loss experience. In addition, we use assumptions based on actuarial judgment related to claim and loss development patterns and expected loss costs, which consider frequency trends, severity trends, and relevant industry data. These reserves are continually reviewed and adjusted as experience develops and new information becomes known. Adjustments, if any, relating to accidents that occurred in prior years are reflected in
the current year results of operations. Reserve amounts estimated to be settled within one year are recorded in short-term insurance reserves, with longer term settlements recorded in long-term insurance reserves on the consolidated balance sheets.
While management believes that the insurance reserve amount is adequate, the ultimate liability may be in excess of, or less than, the amount provided. All estimates of ultimate losses and allocated loss adjustment expenses, and of resulting reserves, are subject to inherent variability caused by the nature of the insurance claim settlement process. Such variability is increased for us due to limited historical experience and the nature of the coverage provided. Actual results depend upon the outcome of future contingent events and can be affected by many factors, such as claims settlement processes and changes in the economic, legal, and social environments. As a result, the net amounts that will ultimately be paid to settle the liability and when these amounts will be paid may vary from the estimate provided on the consolidated balance sheets.
Loss Contingencies
Loss Contingencies
We are involved in legal proceedings, claims, and regulatory, indirect tax examinations or government inquiries and investigations that may arise in the ordinary course of business. Certain of these matters include speculative claims for substantial or indeterminate amounts of damages. We record a liability when we believe that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If we determine that a loss is reasonably possible and the loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated, we disclose the possible loss in the consolidated financial statements.
We review the developments in our contingencies that could affect the amount of the provisions that have been previously recorded, and the matters and related reasonably possible losses disclosed. We make adjustments to our provisions and changes to our disclosures accordingly to reflect the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and updated information. Significant judgment is required to determine both the probability and the estimated amount of loss.
The outcomes of litigation, indirect tax examinations and investigations are inherently uncertain. Therefore, if one or more of these matters were resolved against us for amounts in excess of management's expectations, our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows, including in a particular reporting period in which any such outcome becomes probable and estimable, could be materially adversely affected.
We recognize estimated losses from contingencies that relate to proceedings in which Drivers are the plaintiffs, or proceedings and regulatory penalties against Drivers for which we elect to either pay on behalf of or reimburse Drivers, as a reduction of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. All other estimated losses from contingencies are recognized in general and administrative expenses.
Legal fees and other costs associated with such actions are expensed as incurred.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers,” which requires entities to apply Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in a business combination as if it had originated the contracts. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022. We adopted the ASU on January 1, 2023 and will apply the guidance prospectively for future acquisitions.
In September 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-04, “Liabilities—Supplier Finance Programs (Subtopic 405-50): Disclosure of Supplier Finance Program Obligations,” which requires entities that use supplier finance programs in connection with the purchase of goods and services to disclose sufficient information about the program. The amendments do not affect the recognition, measurement or financial statement presentation of obligations covered by supplier finance programs. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022, except for the amendment on roll-forward information, which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. We adopted the ASU on January 1, 2023.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions,” which clarifies that contractual sale restrictions are not considered in measuring fair value of equity securities and requires additional disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted. This accounting standard update is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements as the amendments align with our existing policy.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which will add required disclosures of significant expenses for each reportable segment, as well as certain other disclosures to help investors understand how the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) evaluates segment expenses and operating results. The new standard will also allow disclosure of multiple measures of segment profitability, if those measures are used to allocate resources and assess performance. The amendments will be effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard update on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The standard is intended to benefit investors by providing more detailed income tax disclosures that would be useful in making capital allocation decisions. The standard will be effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard update on our consolidated financial statements.
v3.24.0.1
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents The reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents
to amounts presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows are as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
202120222023
Cash and cash equivalents$4,295 $4,208 $4,680 
Restricted cash and cash equivalents - current631 680 805 
Restricted cash and cash equivalents - non-current2,879 1,789 1,519 
Total cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents$7,805 $6,677 $7,004 
Schedule of Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents The reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents
to amounts presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows are as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
202120222023
Cash and cash equivalents$4,295 $4,208 $4,680 
Restricted cash and cash equivalents - current631 680 805 
Restricted cash and cash equivalents - non-current2,879 1,789 1,519 
Total cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents$7,805 $6,677 $7,004 
Schedule of Useful Lives of Property and Equipment, Net Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight‑line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are as follows:
Property and EquipmentEstimated Useful Life
LandIndefinite
Buildings
30-45 years
Site improvements
5-15 years
Computer equipment
3-5 years
Furniture and fixtures
3-5 years
Internal-use software
2 years
Leased computer equipmentShorter of estimated useful life or lease term
Leasehold improvementsShorter of estimated useful life or lease term
The components of property and equipment, net were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Land$65 $65 
Building and site improvements739 739 
Leasehold improvements609 658 
Computer equipment529 542 
Leased computer equipment712 683 
Leased vehicles11 2 
Internal-use software389 488 
Furniture and fixtures94 94 
Construction in progress219 203 
Total3,367 3,474 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(1,285)(1,401)
Property and equipment, net$2,082 $2,073 
v3.24.0.1
Revenue (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue This level of disaggregation takes into consideration how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Mobility revenue (1)
$6,953 $14,029 $19,832 
Delivery revenue (1)
8,362 10,901 12,204 
Freight revenue2,132 6,947 5,245 
All Other revenue8 — — 
Total revenue$17,455 $31,877 $37,281 
(1) We offer subscription memberships to end-users including Uber One, Uber Pass, Rides Pass, and Eats Pass (“Subscription”). We recognize Subscription fees ratably over the life of the pass. We allocate Subscription fees earned to Mobility and Delivery revenue on a proportional basis, based on usage for each offering during the respective period.
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
United States and Canada ("US&CAN")$10,094 $19,474 $20,436 
Latin America ("LatAm")1,417 1,978 2,512 
Europe, Middle East and Africa ("EMEA")3,213 6,944 9,904 
Asia Pacific ("APAC")2,731 3,481 4,429 
Total revenue$17,455 $31,877 $37,281 
Schedule of Remaining Performance Obligation
Our remaining performance obligation for contracts with an original expected length of greater than one year is expected to be recognized as follows (in millions):
Less Than or Equal To 12 MonthsGreater Than 12 MonthsTotal
As of December 31, 2023$22 $100 $122 
v3.24.0.1
Investments and Fair Value Measurement (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Summary of Investments
Our investments on the consolidated balance sheets consisted of the following as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Classified as short-term investments:
Marketable debt securities (1):
U.S. government and agency securities$44 $253 
Commercial paper46 288 
Corporate bonds13 181 
Certificates of deposit— 5 
Short-term investments$103 $727 
Classified as restricted investments:
Marketable debt securities (1):
U.S. government and agency securities$1,614 $4,426 
Commercial paper— 17 
Corporate bonds— 77 
Certificates of deposit— 259 
Restricted investments$1,614 $4,779 
Classified as investments:
Non-marketable equity securities:
Didi$1,802 $2,245 
Other (2)
312 329 
Marketable equity securities
Grab1,726 1,806 
Aurora364 1,425 
Other87 170 
Notes receivable from a related party (2), (3)
110 126 
Investments$4,401 $6,101 
(1) Excluding marketable debt securities classified as cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents.
(2) These balances include certain investments recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings due to the election of the fair value option of accounting for financial instruments.
(3) Consists of the Lime Convertible Note. Neutron Holdings, Inc. (“Lime”) is considered a related party as a result of our investment in Lime Common Stock. For further information, see the section titled “Lime Investments” below.
Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
The following table presents our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis based on the three-tier fair value hierarchy (in millions):
As of December 31, 2022As of December 31, 2023
Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Financial Assets
Money market funds$1,005 $— $— $1,005 $1,153 $— $— $1,153 
U.S. government and agency securities— 1,975 — 1,975 — 4,840 — 4,840 
Commercial paper— 76 — 76 — 351 — 351 
Corporate bonds— 15 — 15 — 263 — 263 
Certificates of deposit— — — — — 266 — 266 
Non-marketable equity securities— — 3 3 — — — — 
Marketable equity securities2,177 — — 2,177 3,401 — — 3,401 
Notes receivable from a related party— — 110 110 — — 126 126 
Total financial assets$3,182 $2,066 $113 $5,361 $4,554 $5,720 $126 $10,400 
Financial Liabilities
MLU B.V. Call Option (1)
$— $— $2 $2 $— $— $— $— 
Total financial liabilities$— $— $2 $2 $— $— $— $— 
(1) For further information, see Note 4 - Equity Method Investments.
Schedule of Equity Method Investments
Summarized financial information for Aurora for the year ended December 31, 2021 is as follows (in millions):
Results of Operations DataYear Ended
December 31, 2021
Revenue$83 
Total operating expenses813 
Loss from operations(731)
Net loss(755)
The carrying value of our equity method investments were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Careem Technologies$— $300 
MLU B.V.816 — 
Other54 53 
Equity method investments$870 $353 
Schedule of Reconciliation Using Significant Unobservable Inputs, Assets
The following table presents a reconciliation of our financial assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in millions):
Non-marketable
Equity Securities		Notes ReceivableMLU B.V. Call Option
Balance as of December 31, 2021$32 $132 $193 
Change in fair value
Included in earnings(29)(22)(191)
Balance as of December 31, 20223 110 2 
Change in fair value
Included in earnings(3)16 (2)
Balance as of December 31, 2023$— $126 $— 
Schedule of Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value
The following table presents a reconciliation of our financial assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in millions):
Non-marketable
Equity Securities		Notes ReceivableMLU B.V. Call Option
Balance as of December 31, 2021$32 $132 $193 
Change in fair value
Included in earnings(29)(22)(191)
Balance as of December 31, 20223 110 2 
Change in fair value
Included in earnings(3)16 (2)
Balance as of December 31, 2023$— $126 $— 
Schedule of Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value
The following is a summary of unrealized gains and losses from remeasurement (referred to as upward or downward adjustments) recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations, and included as adjustments to the carrying value of non-marketable equity securities held during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 based on the observable price in an orderly transaction for the same or similar security of the same issuers (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Upward adjustments$71 $1,046 $908 
Downward adjustments (including impairment)— (641)(472)
Total unrealized gain (loss) for non-marketable equity securities$71 $405 $436 
The following table summarizes the total carrying value of our non-marketable equity securities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis held, including cumulative unrealized upward and downward adjustments made to the initial cost basis of the securities (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Initial cost basis$1,700 $1,727 
Upward adjustments1,052 1,960 
Downward adjustments (including impairment)(641)(1,113)
Total carrying value at the end of the period$2,111 $2,574 
v3.24.0.1
Equity Method Investments (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Schedule of Equity Method Investments
Summarized financial information for Aurora for the year ended December 31, 2021 is as follows (in millions):
Results of Operations DataYear Ended
December 31, 2021
Revenue$83 
Total operating expenses813 
Loss from operations(731)
Net loss(755)
The carrying value of our equity method investments were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Careem Technologies$— $300 
MLU B.V.816 — 
Other54 53 
Equity method investments$870 $353 
v3.24.0.1
Property and Equipment, Net (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Components of Property and Equipment, Net Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight‑line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are as follows:
Property and EquipmentEstimated Useful Life
LandIndefinite
Buildings
30-45 years
Site improvements
5-15 years
Computer equipment
3-5 years
Furniture and fixtures
3-5 years
Internal-use software
2 years
Leased computer equipmentShorter of estimated useful life or lease term
Leasehold improvementsShorter of estimated useful life or lease term
The components of property and equipment, net were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Land$65 $65 
Building and site improvements739 739 
Leasehold improvements609 658 
Computer equipment529 542 
Leased computer equipment712 683 
Leased vehicles11 2 
Internal-use software389 488 
Furniture and fixtures94 94 
Construction in progress219 203 
Total3,367 3,474 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(1,285)(1,401)
Property and equipment, net$2,082 $2,073 
v3.24.0.1
Leases (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]  
Components of Lease Expense and Supplemental Cash Flow Information
The components of our lease expense were as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Lease cost
Finance lease cost:
      Amortization of assets$217 $186 $188 
      Interest of lease liabilities12 13 31 
Operating lease cost
299 304 321 
Short-term lease cost7 7 10 
Variable lease cost96 142 129 
Sublease income(5)(17)(22)
Total lease cost$626 $635 $657 
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Other information
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from financing leases$11 $13 $32 
Operating cash flows from operating leases297 339 335 
Financing cash flows from financing leases226 184 171 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating lease liabilities$273 $329 $84 
Finance lease liabilities184 349 216 
Supplemental Balance Sheet Information
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in millions, except lease term and discount rate):
As of December 31,
20222023
Operating Leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets$1,449 $1,241 
Operating lease liability, current$201 $190 
Operating lease liabilities, non-current1,673 1,550 
     Total operating lease liabilities$1,874 $1,740 
As of December 31,
20222023
Finance Leases
Property and equipment, at cost$712 $683 
Accumulated depreciation(305)(250)
     Property and equipment, net $407 $433 
Other current liabilities$115 $156 
Other long-term liabilities284 322 
     Total finance leases liabilities$399 $478 
As of December 31,
20222023
Weighted-average remaining lease term
     Operating leases15 years15 years
     Finance leases3 years3 years
Weighted-average discount rate
     Operating leases6.6 %6.6 %
     Finance leases5.7 %6.3 %
Maturity of Lease Liabilities, Operating
Maturities of lease liabilities were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31, 2023
Operating LeasesFinance Leases
2024$294 $199 
2025272 171 
2026236 131 
2027218 22 
2028196 — 
Thereafter1,899 1 
Total undiscounted lease payments3,115 524 
Less: imputed interest(1,375)(46)
Total lease liabilities$1,740 $478 
Maturity of Lease Liabilities, Finance
Maturities of lease liabilities were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31, 2023
Operating LeasesFinance Leases
2024$294 $199 
2025272 171 
2026236 131 
2027218 22 
2028196 — 
Thereafter1,899 1 
Total undiscounted lease payments3,115 524 
Less: imputed interest(1,375)(46)
Total lease liabilities$1,740 $478 
Future minimum payments related to the financing obligations as of December 31, 2023 are summarized below (in millions):
Future Minimum Payments
Fiscal Year Ending December 31,
2024$6 
20256 
20267 
20277 
20287 
Thereafter798 
Total$831 
v3.24.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Changes in the Carrying Value of Goodwill by Segment
The following table presents the changes in the carrying value of goodwill by segment (in millions):
MobilityDeliveryFreightTotal Goodwill
Balance as of January 1, 2022$2,581 $4,401 $1,438 $8,420 
Acquisitions64 — — 64 
Measurement period adjustment2 — (2)— 
Divestiture(16)— — (16)
Foreign currency translation adjustment(210)4 1 (205)
Balance as of December 31, 20222,421 4,405 1,437 8,263 
Loss on disposal(9)— — (9)
Divestiture— (36)— (36)
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments(75)— 8 (67)
Balance as of December 31, 2023$2,337 $4,369 $1,445 $8,151 
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
The components of intangible assets, net were as follows (in millions except years):
Gross Carrying ValueAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying ValueWeighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years
December 31, 2022
Consumer, Merchant and other relationships$1,825 $(506)$1,319 9
Developed technology921 (517)404 5
Trade name, trademarks and other247 (96)151 6
Intangible assets$2,993 $(1,119)$1,874 
Gross Carrying ValueAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying ValueWeighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years
December 31, 2023
Consumer, Merchant and other relationships$1,800 $(697)$1,103 8
Developed technology890 (621)269 5
Trade name, trademarks and other154 (101)53 4
Intangible assets$2,844 $(1,419)$1,425 
Schedule of Future Amortization Expense
The estimated aggregate future amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization as of December 31, 2023 is summarized below (in millions):
Estimated Future Amortization Expense
Year Ending December 31,
2024$291 
2025248 
2026187 
2027171 
2028128 
Thereafter398 
Total$1,423 
v3.24.0.1
Long-Term Debt and Revolving Credit Arrangements (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Debt
Components of debt, including the associated effective interest rates and maturities were as follows (in millions, except for percentages):
As of December 31,
20222023Effective Interest RatesMaturities
2025 Refinanced Term Loan$1,433 $— — %—
2027 Refinanced Term Loan1,078 — — %—
2030 Refinanced Term Loans— 1,986 8.3 %March 3, 2030
2025 Senior Note1,000 — — %—
2026 Senior Note1,500 1,500 8.1 %November 1, 2026
2027 Senior Note1,200 1,200 7.7 %September 15, 2027
2028 Senior Note500 500 7.0 %January 15, 2028
2029 Senior Note1,500 1,500 4.7 %August 15, 2029
2025 Convertible Notes1,150 1,150 0.2 %December 15, 2025
2028 Convertible Notes— 1,725 0.9 %December 1, 2028
Total debt9,361 9,561 
Less: unamortized discount and issuance costs(69)(77)
Less: current portion of long-term debt(27)(25)
Total long-term debt$9,265 $9,459 
Schedule of Carrying Values and Estimated Fair Values of Debt Instruments
The following table presents the fair values of our Senior Notes as of December 31, 2023, and were determined based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, which is considered a Level 2 valuation input (in millions):
As of December 31, 2023
2026 Senior Note1,528 
2027 Senior Note1,238 
2028 Senior Note503 
2029 Senior Note1,431 
Total$4,700 
Future Principal Payments
The future principal payments for our long-term debt as of December 31, 2023 is summarized as follows (in millions):
Future Minimum Payments
Year Ending December 31,
2024$25 
20251,175 
20261,525 
20271,225 
20281,750 
Thereafter3,860 
Total$9,560 
Schedule of Debt Expense
The following table presents the amount of interest expense recognized relating to the contractual interest coupon and amortization of the debt discount and issuance costs with respect to our long-term debt, for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Contractual interest coupon$464 $510 $577 
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs16 15 18 
Total interest expense from long-term debt$480 $525 $595 
v3.24.0.1
Supplemental Financial Statement Information (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Schedule of Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Prepaid expenses$310 $400 
Other receivables710 717 
Other459 564 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets$1,479 $1,681 
Schedule of Accrued and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued and other current liabilities were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Accrued legal, regulatory and non-income taxes$1,573 $1,044 
Accrued Drivers and Merchants liability1,593 1,996 
Accrued compensation and employee benefits587 710 
Income and other tax liabilities476 684 
Commitment to issue unsecured convertible notes in connection with Careem acquisition152 128 
Other1,851 1,896 
Accrued and other current liabilities$6,232 $6,458 
Other Long-Term Liabilities
Other long-term liabilities were as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Deferred tax liabilities$27 $56 
Other759 776 
Other long-term liabilities$786 $832 
Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The changes in composition of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, for the were as follows (in millions):
Foreign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Securities, Net of TaxTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2020$(581)$46 $(535)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications (1)
57 2,562 2,619 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (1), (2)
— (2,608)(2,608)
Other comprehensive income (loss)57 (46)11 
Balance as of December 31, 2021$(524)$— $(524)
(1) On December 1, 2021, Grab completed its planned SPAC merger with Altimeter Growth Corporation, resulting in Grab becoming a publicly traded company post combination. Upon the completion of the merger, our investment in Series G preferred shares of Grab converted into the newly issued Class A ordinary shares of the publicly traded company. Upon the conversion, we released the accumulative pre-tax unrealized gains recorded through other comprehensive income and recognized them as unrealized gains in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of operations as of December 31, 2021. Refer to Note 3 – Investments and Fair Value Measurement for further information.
(2) The amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income are recorded in other income (expense), net and the related tax impact of $176 million is recorded in provision for (benefit from) income taxes on the consolidated statement of operations.
Foreign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Securities, Net of TaxTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2021$(524)$— $(524)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications81 — 81 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income— — — 
Other comprehensive income (loss)81 — 81 
Balance as of December 31, 2022$(443)$— $(443)

Foreign Currency Translation AdjustmentsUnrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Securities, Net of TaxTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2022$(443)$— $(443)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications(123)5 (118)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (1)
140 — 140 
Other comprehensive income (loss)17 5 22 
Balance as of December 31, 2023$(426)$5 $(421)
(1) The amounts were reported as part of the loss from the sale of our remaining interest in MLU B.V., which was recorded in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of operations during the year ended December 31, 2023. Refer to Note 4 - Equity Method Investments for further information.
Other Income (Expense), Net
The components of other income (expense), net were as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Interest income$37 $139 $484 
Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net(67)(147)(182)
Gain on business divestitures, net (1)
1,684 14 204 
Gain (loss) from sale of investments (2)
413 — (74)
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net (3)
1,142 (7,045)1,610 
Impairment of equity method investment (4)
— (182)— 
Revaluation of MLU B.V. call option (5)
— 191 — 
Other, net83 1 (198)
Other income (expense), net$3,292 $(7,029)$1,844 
(1) During the year ended December 31, 2021, gain on business divestitures, net represented a $1.6 billion gain on the sale of our ATG Business to Aurora recognized in the first quarter of 2021.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, gain on business divestitures, net represents a $204 million gain on the sale of interest in Careem Technologies. Refer to Note 18 – Divestitures for further information.
(2) During the year ended December 31, 2021, gain from sale of investments primarily represented a $348 million gain recognized from sale of our equity interests in MLU B.V. Refer to Note 4 - Equity Method Investments for further information.
(3) During the year ended December 31, 2021, unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net primarily represented a $1.6 billion unrealized gain on our Grab investment, a $1.6 billion unrealized gain on our Aurora Investments and a $991 million net unrealized gain on our Zomato investment, partially offset by a $3.0 billion net unrealized loss on our Didi investment.
During the year ended December 31, 2022, unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net primarily represented a $3.0 billion net unrealized loss on our Aurora investments, a $2.1 billion net unrealized loss on our Grab investment, a $1.0 billion net unrealized loss on our Didi investment, a $747 million change of fair value on our Zomato investment, as well as a $142 million net unrealized loss on our other investments in securities accounted for under the fair value option.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net primarily represents changes in the fair value of our equity securities including: a $985 million net unrealized gain on our Aurora investment, a $443 million net unrealized gain on our Didi investment, a $84 million net unrealized gain on our Joby investment, and a $80 million net unrealized gain on our Grab investment. Refer to Note 3 – Investments and Fair Value Measurement for further information.
(4) During the year ended December 31, 2022, impairment of equity method investment represents a $182 million impairment loss recorded on our MLU B.V. equity method investment. Refer to Note 4 – Equity Method Investments for further information.
(5) During the year ended December 31, 2022, revaluation of MLU B.V. call option represents a $191 million net gain for the change in fair value of the call option granted to Yandex (“MLU B.V. Call Option”). Refer to Note 4 – Equity Method Investments for further information.
v3.24.0.1
Stockholders' Equity (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Equity [Abstract]  
Summary of Stock Options and SAR Activity
A summary of stock option and SAR activity for the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, per share amounts, and years):
SARs Outstanding Number of SARsOptions Outstanding Number of SharesWeighted-Average Exercise Price Per ShareWeighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)Aggregate Intrinsic Value
As of December 31, 2022153 20,039 $13.90 3.47$279 
Granted— 607 $36.63 
Exercised(29)(7,753)$5.77 
Canceled and forfeited(1)(252)$6.36 
As of December 31, 2023123 12,641 $20.03 2.79$535 
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2023118 8,319 $13.41 2.43$406 
Exercisable as of December 31, 2023118 8,319 $13.41 2.43$406 
Schedule of Restricted Stock Units Activity
The following table summarizes the activity related to our RSUs for the year ended December 31, 2023 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Number of SharesWeighted-Average
 Grant-Date Fair
 Value per Share
Unvested and outstanding as of December 31, 202298,167 $34.70 
Granted61,119 $34.13 
Vested(53,105)$34.43 
Canceled and forfeited(15,354)$34.47 
Unvested and outstanding as of December 31, 202390,827 $34.49 
Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense by Function The following table summarizes total stock-based compensation expense by function for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Operations and support$139 $154 $184 
Sales and marketing83 102 96 
Research and development614 1,060 1,215 
General and administrative332 477 440 
Total$1,168 $1,793 $1,935 
Schedule of Weighted Average Assumptions The fair value of stock options and SARs granted was determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the weighted-average assumptions in the table below:
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Expected term (in years)5.1
Risk-free interest rate0.9 %
Expected volatility40.3 %
Expected dividend yield— %
v3.24.0.1
Income Taxes (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
US and foreign component of income (loss) before income tax
The U.S. and foreign components of income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 are as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
U.S.$(340)$(8,523)$1,525 
Foreign(685)(903)796 
Income (loss) before income taxes and income from equity method investments$(1,025)$(9,426)$2,321 
Components of income tax expense
The components of the provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 are as follows (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Current
Federal$— $8 $1 
State4 15 16 
Foreign196 237 170 
Total current tax expense200 260 187 
Deferred
Federal(76)(251)11 
State19 (92)12 
Foreign(635)(98)3 
Total deferred tax expense (benefit)(692)(441)26 
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes$(492)$(181)$213 
Reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate
The following is a reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to our effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023:
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Federal statutory income tax rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
State income tax expense(2.3)0.8 1.2 
Foreign rate differential10.3 2.0 (0.4)
Non-deductible expenses(5.2)(0.7)(0.2)
Stock-based compensation4.5 (1.4)(1.9)
Federal research and development credits7.8 0.6 (7.2)
Deferred tax on investments (1)
48.7 (1.1)(3.5)
Entity restructuring (2)
(2.0)(12.7)0.6 
Change in unrecognized tax benefits(27.8)(8.9)(6.8)
Valuation allowance(33.7)1.1 (2.8)
US tax on foreign income(10.8)0.6 4.1 
Withholding taxes (3)
(0.6)(0.3)9.5 
Tax rate change22.4 — — 
Other interest16.8 1.7 (4.1)
Other, net (3)
(1.1)(0.8)(0.3)
Effective income tax rate48.0 %1.9 %9.2 %
(1) The 2021 rate impact for “Deferred tax on investments” was primarily driven by the deferred China and U.S. tax impact related to our investment in Didi and the deferred U.S. tax impact related to our investments in Aurora, Grab, and Zomato.
The 2022 rate impact for “Deferred tax on investments” was primarily driven by the deferred U.S. tax impact related to our investments in Aurora, Grab, Zomato, and Didi.
The 2023 rate impact for “Deferred tax on investments” was primarily driven by the deferred U.S. tax impact related to our investments in Aurora and Didi.
(2) To align our structure to our evolving operations, in the second and fourth quarters of 2021, we completed intercompany transfers of certain intangible assets. These intercompany transfers did not have a material impact to the financial statements.
In the fourth quarter of 2022, we transferred certain intangible assets among our wholly-owned subsidiaries to align our structure to our evolving operations. The transfer resulted in a net reduction in deferred tax assets of $1.7 billion; however, there was no financial statement expense recognized since the deferred tax asset was offset by a full valuation allowance.
(3) 2021 and 2022 amounts have been conformed to the 2023 presentation.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities
The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 are as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20222023
Deferred tax assets
Net operating loss carryforwards$6,325 $6,164 
Research and development credits1,200 1,275 
Stock-based compensation45 66 
Accruals and reserves402 440 
Accrued legal184 120 
Fixed assets and intangible assets4,425 4,135 
Lease liability478 436 
Interest limitation carryforwards858 876 
Capitalized research expenses304 771 
Other320 211 
Total deferred tax assets14,541 14,494 
Less: Valuation allowance(13,971)(13,945)
Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance570 549 
Deferred tax liabilities
Indefinite lived deferred tax liability (1)
— 114 
ROU assets354 301 
Other77 18 
Total deferred tax liabilities431 433 
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)$139 $116 
(1) As of December 31, 2022, the fair market value of our investments in Didi, Aurora, Grab, and Zomato decreased significantly, resulting in the reduction of indefinite-lived deferred tax liabilities.
As of December 31, 2023, the $114 million indefinite-lived deferred tax liability represents the deferred U.S. income tax expense, which will be incurred upon the eventual disposition of the shares underlying our investments in Aurora and Didi.
Changes in gross unrecognized tax benefits
The following table reflects changes in gross unrecognized tax benefits (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year$2,293 $2,657 $3,513 
Gross increases - current year tax positions239 814 177 
Gross increases - prior year tax positions134 93 42 
Gross decreases - prior year tax positions(9)(51)(315)
Gross decreases - lapse of statute of limitations— — (72)
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year$2,657 $3,513 $3,345 
Schedule of open tax years for major tax jurisdictions
As of December 31, 2023, the open tax years for our major tax jurisdictions are as follows:
JurisdictionTax Years
U.S. Federal2011 - 2023
U.S. States2005 - 2023
Brazil2017 - 2023
Netherlands2019 - 2023
United Kingdom2013 - 2023
v3.24.0.1
Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Schedule of Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders (in millions, except share amounts which are reflected in thousands, and per share amounts):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Basic net income (loss) per share:
Numerator
Net income (loss) including non-controlling interests$(570)$(9,138)$2,156 
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax(74)3 269 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(496)$(9,141)$1,887 
Denominator
Basic weighted-average common stock outstanding1,892,546 1,972,131 2,035,651 
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders (1)
$(0.26)$(4.64)$0.93 
Diluted net income (loss) per share:
Numerator
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(496)$(9,141)$1,887 
Assumed net loss attributable to Uber Technologies, Inc. upon redemption of Freight Holding convertible common shares, non-controlling interest(44)(41)(62)
Interest expense, amortization of debt discount and issuance costs of 2025 Convertible Notes and Careem Notes— — 2 
Diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$(540)$(9,182)$1,827 
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic net income (loss) per share computation1,892,546 1,972,131 2,035,651 
Weighted-average effect of potentially dilutive securities:
Stock options— — 9,989 
RSUs— — 25,671 
Assumed common shares issued from outstanding RSAs— — 139 
Warrants— — 73 
Common shares issued for ESPP— — 627 
Assumed redemption of Freight Holding convertible common shares, non-controlling interest2,973 2,797 4,301 
2025 Convertible Notes— — 12,784 
Careem Notes— — 2,547 
Diluted weighted-average common stock outstanding1,895,519 1,974,928 2,091,782 
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders (1)
$(0.29)$(4.65)$0.87 
(1) Per share amounts are calculated using unrounded numbers and therefore may not recalculate.
Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share
The following potentially dilutive outstanding securities were excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented, or issuance of such shares is contingent upon the satisfaction of certain conditions which were not satisfied by the end of the period (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Freight Holding contingently redeemable preferred stock10,070 30,458 13,430 
Convertible notes21,740 18,250 — 
RSUs71,461 98,167 4,534 
Stock options24,253 20,039 207 
Common stock subject to repurchase4,153 2,606 — 
Shares committed under ESPP3,226 3,878 867 
Warrants to purchase common stock73 73 — 
Total134,976 173,471 19,038 
v3.24.0.1
Segment Information and Geographic Information (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment
The following table provides information about our segments and a reconciliation of total segment Adjusted EBITDA to loss from operations (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
Segment Adjusted EBITDA:
Mobility$1,596 $3,299 $4,963 
Delivery(348)551 1,506 
Freight(130)— (64)
All Other (1)
(11)— — 
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA1,107 3,850 6,405 
Reconciling items:
Corporate G&A and Platform R&D (2)
(1,881)(2,137)(2,353)
Depreciation and amortization(902)(947)(823)
Stock-based compensation expense(1,168)(1,793)(1,935)
Legal, tax, and regulatory reserve changes and settlements (3)
(526)(732)(9)
Goodwill and asset impairments/loss on sale of assets(157)(25)(84)
Acquisition, financing and divestitures related expenses(102)(46)(36)
Accelerated lease costs related to cease-use of ROU assets(5)(6)— 
COVID-19 response initiatives (4)
(54)(1)— 
Loss on lease arrangement, net— (7)(4)
Restructuring and related charges— (2)(51)
Legacy auto insurance transfer (5)
(103)— — 
Mass arbitration fees, net(43)14 — 
Income (loss) from operations$(3,834)$(1,832)$1,110 
(1) Includes historical results of ATG and Other Technology Programs and New Mobility.
(2) Includes costs that are not directly attributable to our reportable segments. Corporate G&A also includes certain shared costs such as finance, accounting, tax, human resources, information technology and legal costs. Platform R&D also includes mapping and payment technologies and support and development of the internal technology infrastructure. Our allocation methodology is periodically evaluated and may change.
(3) Legal, tax, and regulatory reserve changes and settlements are primarily related to certain significant legal proceedings or governmental investigations related to worker classification definitions, or tax agencies challenging our non-income tax positions. These matters have limited precedent, cover extended historical periods and are unpredictable in both magnitude and timing, therefore are distinct from normal, recurring legal, tax and regulatory matters and related expenses incurred in our ongoing operating performance.
(4) COVID-19 response initiatives relate to payments for financial assistance to Drivers personally impacted by COVID-19, the cost of personal protective equipment distributed to Drivers, Driver reimbursement for their cost of purchasing personal protective equipment, the costs related to free rides and food deliveries to healthcare workers, seniors, and others in need as well as charitable donations.
(5) Refer to Note 1 – Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for further information.
Schedule of Revenue and Long-Lived Assets from Geographic Area The following tables set forth revenue and long-lived assets, net by geographic area as of and for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120222023
United States$9,058 $17,953 $18,620 
United Kingdom (1)
551 4,215 6,522 
All other countries7,846 9,709 12,139 
Total Revenue$17,455 $31,877 $37,281 
(1) In 2022, we modified our arrangements in certain markets and, as a result, present the respective Mobility and Delivery revenue on a gross basis. Payments to Drivers and Couriers are recognized in cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization.
As of December 31,
20222023
United States$3,210 $2,980 
All other countries321 334 
Total long-lived assets, net$3,531 $3,314 
v3.24.0.1
Business Combinations (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]  
Purchase Price Allocation The acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred for Drizly was approximately $943 million, which consisted of the following (in millions):
Fair Value
Common stock issued$881 
Cash42 
Stock-based compensation awards attributable to pre-combination services20 
Total consideration$943 
Fair Value of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed
The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (in millions):
Fair Value
Current assets$50 
Goodwill619 
Intangible assets395 
Other long-term assets7 
Total assets acquired1,071 
Current liabilities(44)
Deferred tax liability(79)
Non-current liabilities(5)
Total liabilities assumed(128)
Net assets acquired$943 
The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (in millions):
Fair Value
Cash and cash equivalents$29 
Accounts receivable, net
899 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
23 
Property and equipment, net
44 
Operating lease right-of-use assets
57 
Intangible assets, net
902 
Goodwill1,438 
Other assets
3 
Total assets acquired3,395 
Accounts payable
(516)
Operating lease liabilities, current
(7)
Accrued and other current liabilities
(363)
Operating lease liabilities, non-current(66)
Deferred tax liability(163)
Other long-term liabilities
(1)
Total liabilities assumed(1,116)
Net assets acquired$2,279 
Identifiable Intangible Assets Acquired and Estimated Useful Lives
The following table sets forth the components of identifiable intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the date of acquisition (in millions, except years):
Fair ValueWeighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years
Consumer relationship$60 5
Retailer relationship90 10
Advertiser relationship140 12
Developed technology75 3
Trade names30 6
Total$395 
The following table sets forth the components of identifiable intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the date of acquisition (in millions, except years):
Fair ValueWeighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years
Consumer relationships$530 12
Developed technology
363 7
Trade names9 2
Total$902 
Pro Forma Information The unaudited pro forma information presented below is for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of our consolidated results of operations of the consolidated business had the acquisition actually occurred at the beginning of applicable comparable prior reporting period or of the results of our future operations of the consolidated business.
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2021
(Unaudited)
Revenue$21,764 
Net loss including non-controlling interests(700)
v3.24.0.1
Divestitures (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]  
Schedule of Gain on Disposition
The following table presents the preliminary gain on sale of the interest in Careem Technologies.
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Fair value of common shares received$300 
Cash consideration received
40 
Net consideration received for sale of interest in Careem Technologies
340 
Carrying value of net assets transferred(136)
Gain on the sale of interest in Careem Technologies
$204 
The following table presents the gain on sale of the ATG Business (in millions):
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Fair value of common shares received$1,277 
Derecognition of ATG Business' non-controlling interests1,057 
Liability recognized for future obligations(315)
Net consideration received for sale of the ATG Business2,019 
Carrying value of net assets transferred(375)
Gain on the sale of the ATG Business$1,644 
v3.24.0.1
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 27, 2021
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
purchasePeriod
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]          
Insurance premium $ 345        
Charge in statement of operations   $ 103      
Chargebacks and credit card losses     $ 245 $ 286 $ 246
Advertising expenses     1,700 1,700 1,700
Incentives, refunds, and credits to end-users     $ 1,700 $ 2,200 $ 2,400
Minimum          
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]          
Intangible assets estimated useful lives     2 years    
Maximum          
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]          
Intangible assets estimated useful lives     18 years    
Service-Based Awards          
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]          
Requisite service period     4 years    
Expected dividend yield     0.00%    
Performance-Based Awards | Minimum          
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]          
Requisite service period     3 years    
Share-based compensation, award vesting period     3 years    
Performance-Based Awards | Maximum          
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]          
Requisite service period     4 years    
Share-based compensation, award vesting period     4 years    
Market-Based Awards | Minimum          
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]          
Share-based compensation, award vesting period     3 years    
Market-Based Awards | Maximum          
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]          
Share-based compensation, award vesting period     4 years    
Employee Stock Purchase Plan          
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]          
Consecutive offering period     12 months    
Number of purchase periods | purchasePeriod     2    
Purchase period     6 months    
Employee stock purchase plan, discount from market price     15.00%    
v3.24.0.1
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]      
Cash and cash equivalents $ 4,680 $ 4,208 $ 4,295
Restricted cash and cash equivalents - current 805 680 631
Restricted cash and cash equivalents - non-current 1,519 1,789 2,879
Total cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents $ 7,004 $ 6,677 $ 7,805
v3.24.0.1
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Useful Lives of Property and Equipment, Net (Details)
Dec. 31, 2023
Internal-use software  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 2 years
Minimum | Buildings  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 30 years
Minimum | Site improvements  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 5 years
Minimum | Computer equipment  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 3 years
Minimum | Furniture and fixtures  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 3 years
Maximum | Buildings  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 45 years
Maximum | Site improvements  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 15 years
Maximum | Computer equipment  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 5 years
Maximum | Furniture and fixtures  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Estimated useful life 5 years
v3.24.0.1
Revenue - Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue $ 37,281 $ 31,877 $ 17,455
United States And Canada      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue 20,436 19,474 10,094
Latin America      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue 2,512 1,978 1,417
EMEA      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue 9,904 6,944 3,213
Asia Pacific ("APAC")      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue 4,429 3,481 2,731
Mobility      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue 19,832 14,029 6,953
Delivery      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue 12,204 10,901 8,362
Freight      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue 5,245 6,947 2,132
All Other      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue $ 0 $ 0 $ 8
v3.24.0.1
Revenue - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]    
Collaboration agreement period 3 years  
Contract liabilities   $ 122
v3.24.0.1
Revenue - Schedule of Remaining Performance Obligation (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]  
Performance obligation, amount $ 122
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01  
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]  
Performance obligation, amount $ 22
Performance period 12 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-01-01  
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]  
Performance obligation, amount $ 100
Performance period
v3.24.0.1
Investments and Fair Value Measurement - Investments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Marketable Securities [Line Items]    
Marketable debt securities $ 727 $ 103
Restricted investments 4,779 1,614
Investments 6,101 4,401
Related Party    
Marketable Securities [Line Items]    
Note receivable from a related party 126 110
U.S. government and agency securities    
Marketable Securities [Line Items]    
Marketable debt securities 253 44
Restricted investments 4,426 1,614
Commercial paper    
Marketable Securities [Line Items]    
Marketable debt securities 288 46
Restricted investments 17 0
Corporate bonds    
Marketable Securities [Line Items]    
Marketable debt securities 181 13
Restricted investments 77 0
Certificates of deposit    
Marketable Securities [Line Items]    
Marketable debt securities 5 0
Restricted investments 259 0
Didi    
Marketable Securities [Line Items]    
Non-marketable equity securities 2,245 1,802
Grab    
Marketable Securities [Line Items]    
Marketable equity securities 1,806 1,726
Aurora    
Marketable Securities [Line Items]    
Marketable equity securities 1,425 364
Other    
Marketable Securities [Line Items]    
Non-marketable equity securities 329 312
Marketable equity securities $ 170 $ 87
v3.24.0.1
Investments and Fair Value Measurement - Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Sep. 30, 2021
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable equity securities $ 2,574 $ 2,111  
Call Option      
Financial Liabilities      
MLU B.V. Call Option     $ 230
Recurring      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable equity securities 0 3  
Marketable equity securities 3,401 2,177  
Notes receivable from a related party 126 110  
Total financial assets 10,400 5,361  
Financial Liabilities      
Total financial liabilities 0 2  
Recurring | Call Option      
Financial Liabilities      
MLU B.V. Call Option 0 2  
Recurring | Level 1      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable equity securities 0 0  
Marketable equity securities 3,401 2,177  
Notes receivable from a related party 0 0  
Total financial assets 4,554 3,182  
Financial Liabilities      
Total financial liabilities 0 0  
Recurring | Level 1 | Call Option      
Financial Liabilities      
MLU B.V. Call Option 0 0  
Recurring | Level 2      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable equity securities 0 0  
Marketable equity securities 0 0  
Notes receivable from a related party 0 0  
Total financial assets 5,720 2,066  
Financial Liabilities      
Total financial liabilities 0 0  
Recurring | Level 2 | Call Option      
Financial Liabilities      
MLU B.V. Call Option 0 0  
Recurring | Level 3      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable equity securities 0 3  
Marketable equity securities 0 0  
Notes receivable from a related party 126 110  
Total financial assets 126 113  
Financial Liabilities      
Total financial liabilities 0 2  
Recurring | Level 3 | Call Option      
Financial Liabilities      
MLU B.V. Call Option 0 2  
Recurring | Money market funds      
Financial Assets      
Cash and cash equivalents 1,153 1,005  
Recurring | Money market funds | Level 1      
Financial Assets      
Cash and cash equivalents 1,153 1,005  
Recurring | Money market funds | Level 2      
Financial Assets      
Cash and cash equivalents 0 0  
Recurring | Money market funds | Level 3      
Financial Assets      
Cash and cash equivalents 0 0  
Recurring | U.S. government and agency securities      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 4,840 1,975  
Recurring | U.S. government and agency securities | Level 1      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 0 0  
Recurring | U.S. government and agency securities | Level 2      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 4,840 1,975  
Recurring | U.S. government and agency securities | Level 3      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 0 0  
Recurring | Commercial paper      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 351 76  
Recurring | Commercial paper | Level 1      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 0 0  
Recurring | Commercial paper | Level 2      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 351 76  
Recurring | Commercial paper | Level 3      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 0 0  
Recurring | Corporate bonds      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 263 15  
Recurring | Corporate bonds | Level 1      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 0 0  
Recurring | Corporate bonds | Level 2      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 263 15  
Recurring | Corporate bonds | Level 3      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 0 0  
Recurring | Certificates of deposit      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 266 0  
Recurring | Certificates of deposit | Level 1      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 0 0  
Recurring | Certificates of deposit | Level 2      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities 266 0  
Recurring | Certificates of deposit | Level 3      
Financial Assets      
Non-marketable debt securities $ 0 $ 0  
v3.24.0.1
Investments and Fair Value Measurement - Narrative (Details)
$ in Millions
 1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 11 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
May 07, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Nov. 30, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
seat
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net           $ 1,610 $ (7,045) $ 1,142
Payments to notes receivables           $ 0 0 297
Number of seats held on the board of directors | seat           2    
Assets           $ 38,699 32,109  
Proceeds from sale of non-marketable equity securities           0 0 500
Upward adjustments           $ 908 1,046 71
Neutron Holdings, Inc. dba Lime                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Number of seats held on the board of directors | seat           1    
Neutron Holdings, Inc. dba Lime | Not Discontinued Operations | JUMP Divestiture                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Fully-diluted ownership interest (in percent)           29.00%    
Consideration - convertible note receivable $ 85              
Conversion rate for convertible note receivable (in percent) 20.00%              
Call Option, exercise period 2 years              
Neutron Holdings, Inc. dba Lime | Not Discontinued Operations | JUMP Divestiture | Common Stock                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Fully-diluted ownership interest (in percent)           9.00%    
Undiluted ownership interest (in percent)           21.00%    
Didi                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment           $ 443 1,000 3,000
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net           443 (1,000) (3,000)
Proceeds from sale of non-marketable equity securities       $ 500        
Upward adjustments       $ 71        
Zomato                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment               (991)
Marketable equity securities     $ 418          
Proceeds from sale of marketable equity securities     $ 376          
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net             747 991
Aurora                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment           (985) 3,000 (1,600)
Grab                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment           (80) 2,100 1,200
Marketable equity securities           1,806 1,726  
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net         $ 2,800 $ 80 (2,100) $ 1,600
Lime Investments                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Payments to notes receivables   $ 50            
Assets             $ 113  
Lime Investments | Option Pricing Model                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Time to liquidity             1 year 6 months  
Lime Investments | Volatility | Option Pricing Model                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Measurement inputs             0.87  
Lime Investments | Minimum | Discount Rate | Option Pricing Model                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Measurement inputs             0.32  
Lime Investments | Maximum | Discount Rate | Option Pricing Model                
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]                
Measurement inputs             0.38  
v3.24.0.1
Investments and Fair Value Measurement - Summarized Financial Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Results of Operations Data      
Revenue $ 37,281 $ 31,877 $ 17,455
Loss from operations 1,110 (1,832) (3,834)
Net loss $ 1,887 $ (9,141) (496)
Aurora      
Results of Operations Data      
Revenue     83
Total operating expenses     813
Loss from operations     (731)
Net loss     $ (755)
v3.24.0.1
Investments and Fair Value Measurement - Fair Value of Unobservable Inputs (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
MLU B.V. Call Option    
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance $ 2 $ 193
Change in fair value    
Included in earnings (2) (191)
Ending balance 0 2
Non-marketable equity securities    
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance 3 32
Change in fair value    
Included in earnings (3) (29)
Ending balance 0 3
Notes Receivable    
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance 110 132
Change in fair value    
Included in earnings 16 (22)
Ending balance $ 126 $ 110
v3.24.0.1
Investments and Fair Value Measurement - Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Non-Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]      
Upward adjustments $ 908 $ 1,046 $ 71
Downward adjustments (including impairment) (472) (641) 0
Total unrealized gain (loss) for non-marketable equity securities $ 436 $ 405 $ 71
v3.24.0.1
Investments and Fair Value Measurement - Change In Equity Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]    
Initial cost basis $ 1,727 $ 1,700
Upward adjustments 1,960 1,052
Downward adjustments (including impairment) (1,113) (641)
Total carrying value at the end of the period $ 2,574 $ 2,111
v3.24.0.1
Equity Method Investments - Carrying Value (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]    
Equity method investments $ 353 $ 870
Careem Technologies    
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]    
Equity method investments 300 0
MLU B.V.    
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]    
Equity method investments 0 816
Other    
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]    
Equity method investments $ 53 $ 54
v3.24.0.1
Equity Method Investments - Narrative (Details)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Apr. 21, 2023
USD ($)
Aug. 30, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
seat
Mar. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
seat
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Apr. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2018
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                      
Number of seats held on the board of directors | seat     2       2        
Impairment of equity method investment             $ 0 $ 182 $ 0    
Proceeds from sale of equity method investments             721 0 1,000    
Revaluation of MLU B.V. call option             0 $ 191 $ 0    
Call Option                      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                      
MLU B.V. Call Option           $ 230          
Careem Technologies                      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                      
Investment trading                   $ 400  
Gain (loss) on other income (expense)     $ 204                
Equity ownership interest                   42.00%  
MLU B.V. Call Option     $ 300       $ 300        
MLU B.V.                      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                      
Gain (loss) on other income (expense)           $ 106          
Equity ownership interest 29.00%             29.00%     38.00%
Impairment of equity method investment       $ 182              
Percentage of equity sold   0.045                  
Proceeds from sale of equity method investments $ 703 $ 276                  
MLU B.V. | MLU B.V. Call Option                      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                      
Proceeds from sale of equity method investments   $ 230                  
MLU B.V. | Call Option                      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                      
Call Option, exercise period   2 years                  
MLU B.V. Call Option               $ 2      
Revaluation of MLU B.V. call option               $ 191      
MLU B.V. | Call Option | Measurement Input, Expected Term                      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                      
Call option term               0.7      
MLU B.V. | Call Option | Option Volatility                      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                      
Call option term               0.65      
Yandex Self Driving Group B.V. and MLU B.V.                      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                      
Proceeds from sale of equity method investments   $ 1,000                  
Demerged Business                      
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]                      
Gain (loss) on other income (expense)         $ 242            
Proceeds from sale of equity method investments   $ 412                  
v3.24.0.1
Property and Equipment, Net - Schedule of Components (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total $ 3,474 $ 3,367
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (1,401) (1,285)
Property and equipment, net 2,073 2,082
Land    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total 65 65
Building and site improvements    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total 739 739
Leasehold improvements    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total 658 609
Computer equipment    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total 542 529
Leased computer equipment    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total 683 712
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (250) (305)
Leased vehicles    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total 2 11
Internal-use software    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total 488 389
Furniture and fixtures    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total 94 94
Construction in progress    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total $ 203 $ 219
v3.24.0.1
Property and Equipment, Net - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Depreciation expense $ 355 $ 346 $ 393
Accumulated depreciation and amortization 1,401 1,285  
Leased computer equipment      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Depreciation expense 187 186 $ 217
Accumulated depreciation and amortization $ 250 $ 305  
v3.24.0.1
Leases - Narrative (Details)
ft² in Thousands, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2016
lease
Dec. 31, 2015
ft²
building
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]        
Operating lease, option to extend, term 14 years      
Operating lease, termination term 1 year      
Finance lease, termination term 1 year      
Property and equipment, net $ 2,073     $ 2,082
Maximum        
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]        
Maximum lease term 76 years      
Finance Obligation        
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]        
Number of buildings under contract | building     2  
Rentable square feet under contract | ft²     423  
Ownership acquired under the sale leaseback contract 49.00% 49.00% 49.00%  
Ownership percentage retained following lease termination   100.00%    
Land Leases        
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]        
Number of land agreement leases | lease   2    
Lease term   75 years    
Commitments under land leases $ 116      
Financing obligation 76      
Future land lease payments $ 1,700      
Future land lease payments, percentage allocated to operating lease 51.00%      
Land Leases | Land        
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]        
Property and equipment, net $ 65      
v3.24.0.1
Leases - Lease Costs (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Finance lease cost:      
Amortization of assets $ 188 $ 186 $ 217
Interest of lease liabilities 31 13 12
Operating lease cost 321 304 299
Short-term lease cost 10 7 7
Variable lease cost 129 142 96
Sublease income (22) (17) (5)
Total lease cost $ 657 $ 635 $ 626
v3.24.0.1
Leases - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:      
Operating cash flows from financing leases $ 32 $ 13 $ 11
Operating cash flows from operating leases 335 339 297
Financing cash flows from financing leases 171 184 226
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:      
Operating lease liabilities 84 329 273
Finance lease liabilities $ 216 $ 349 $ 184
v3.24.0.1
Leases - Supplemental Balance Sheet Information - Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]    
Operating lease right-of-use assets $ 1,241 $ 1,449
Operating lease liability, current 190 201
Operating lease liabilities, non-current 1,550 1,673
Total operating lease liabilities $ 1,740 $ 1,874
v3.24.0.1
Leases - Supplemental Balance Sheet Information - Finance Leases (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]    
Property and equipment, at cost $ 683 $ 712
Accumulated depreciation (250) (305)
Property and equipment, net $ 433 $ 407
Finance Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Property and equipment, net Property and equipment, net
Other current liabilities $ 156 $ 115
Finance Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Accrued and other current liabilities Accrued and other current liabilities
Other long-term liabilities $ 322 $ 284
Finance Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other long-term liabilities Other long-term liabilities
Total finance leases liabilities $ 478 $ 399
v3.24.0.1
Leases - Additional Lease Information (Details)
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Weighted-average remaining lease term    
Operating leases 15 years 15 years
Finance leases 3 years 3 years
Weighted-average discount rate    
Operating leases 6.60% 6.60%
Finance leases 6.30% 5.70%
v3.24.0.1
Leases - Maturity of Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Operating Leases    
2024 $ 294  
2025 272  
2026 236  
2027 218  
2028 196  
Thereafter 1,899  
Total undiscounted lease payments 3,115  
Less: imputed interest (1,375)  
Total lease liabilities 1,740 $ 1,874
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]    
2024 199  
2025 171  
2026 131  
2027 22  
2028 0  
Thereafter 1  
Total undiscounted lease payments 524  
Less: imputed interest (46)  
Total lease liabilities 478 $ 399
Finance Obligation    
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]    
2024 6  
2025 6  
2026 7  
2027 7  
2028 7  
Thereafter 798  
Total undiscounted lease payments $ 831  
v3.24.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]      
Amortization expense $ 362 $ 523 $ 439
v3.24.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Goodwill (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Beginning goodwill $ 8,263 $ 8,420
Acquisitions   64
Loss on disposal (9)  
Measurement period adjustment   0
Divestiture (36) (16)
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments (67) (205)
Ending Goodwill 8,151 8,263
Mobility    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Beginning goodwill 2,421 2,581
Acquisitions   64
Loss on disposal (9)  
Measurement period adjustment   2
Divestiture 0 (16)
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments (75) (210)
Ending Goodwill 2,337 2,421
Delivery    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Beginning goodwill 4,405 4,401
Acquisitions   0
Loss on disposal 0  
Measurement period adjustment   0
Divestiture (36) 0
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments 0 4
Ending Goodwill 4,369 4,405
Freight    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Beginning goodwill 1,437 1,438
Acquisitions   0
Loss on disposal 0  
Measurement period adjustment   (2)
Divestiture 0 0
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments 8 1
Ending Goodwill $ 1,445 $ 1,437
v3.24.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value $ 2,844 $ 2,993
Accumulated Amortization (1,419) (1,119)
Net Carrying Value 1,425 1,874
Estimated Future Amortization Expense    
2024 291  
2025 248  
2026 187  
2027 171  
2028 128  
Thereafter 398  
Total 1,423  
Consumer, Merchant and other relationships    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value 1,800 1,825
Accumulated Amortization (697) (506)
Net Carrying Value $ 1,103 $ 1,319
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 8 years 9 years
Developed technology    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value $ 890 $ 921
Accumulated Amortization (621) (517)
Net Carrying Value $ 269 $ 404
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 5 years 5 years
Trade name, trademarks and other    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value $ 154 $ 247
Accumulated Amortization (101) (96)
Net Carrying Value $ 53 $ 151
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 4 years 6 years
v3.24.0.1
Long-Term Debt and Revolving Credit Arrangements - Components of Debt (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt $ 9,561 $ 9,361
Less: unamortized discount and issuance costs (77) (69)
Less: current portion of long-term debt (25) (27)
Total long-term debt 9,459 9,265
Secured Loans | 2025 Refinanced Term Loan    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt $ 0 1,433
Effective Interest Rates 0.00%  
Secured Loans | 2027 Refinanced Term Loan    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt $ 0 1,078
Effective Interest Rates 0.00%  
Secured Loans | 2030 Refinanced Term Loans    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt $ 1,986 0
Effective Interest Rates 8.30%  
Senior Note | 2025 Senior Note    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt $ 0 1,000
Effective Interest Rates 0.00%  
Senior Note | 2026 Senior Note    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt $ 1,500 1,500
Effective Interest Rates 8.10%  
Senior Note | 2027 Senior Note    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt $ 1,200 1,200
Effective Interest Rates 7.70%  
Senior Note | 2028 Senior Note    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt $ 500 500
Effective Interest Rates 7.00%  
Senior Note | 2029 Senior Note    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt $ 1,500 1,500
Effective Interest Rates 4.70%  
Convertible Notes | 2025 Convertible Notes    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt $ 1,150 1,150
Effective Interest Rates 0.20%  
Convertible Notes | 2028 Convertible Note    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Total debt $ 1,725 $ 0
Effective Interest Rates 0.90%  
v3.24.0.1
Long-Term Debt and Revolving Credit Arrangements - Narrative (Details)
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Feb. 25, 2021
USD ($)
Nov. 30, 2023
USD ($)
day
$ / shares
Rate
Mar. 31, 2023
Feb. 28, 2023
USD ($)
Aug. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
day
$ / shares
Rate
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
May 31, 2020
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Oct. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Nov. 20, 2023
$ / shares
Jul. 28, 2023
USD ($)
Mar. 14, 2023
USD ($)
Mar. 03, 2023
USD ($)
Apr. 04, 2022
USD ($)
Apr. 03, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2015
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Principal repayment on Careem Notes                     $ 25,000,000 $ 80,000,000 $ 307,000,000              
Net cash provided by financing activities                     (95,000,000) 15,000,000 1,780,000,000              
Share price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares                           $ 54.75            
Adjustment to additional paid in capital           $ 12,967,000,000         12,028,000,000 8,074,000,000 15,145,000,000              
Revolving Credit Facility | Freight Holding                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Line of credit balance                     0                  
Revolving Credit Facility | Freight Holding | Freight Holding                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Commitment fee       $ 300,000,000                                
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Adjustment to additional paid in capital           (243,000,000)                            
Revision of Prior Period, Adjustment [Member] | Immaterial Errors                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Cash inflow from issuance of loans                         282,000,000              
Principal repayment on Careem Notes                         282,000,000              
Net cash provided by financing activities                         $ 0              
Senior Note                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount                   $ 2,000,000,000                    
Senior Note | Level 2                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Fair value                     4,700,000,000                  
Line of Credit | Revolving Credit Facility                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Borrowing capacity                             $ 2,500,000,000     $ 2,200,000,000   $ 2,300,000,000
Prior minimum liquidity covenant                                   $ 1,000,000,000 $ 1,500,000,000  
Aggregate principal amount                             $ 250,000,000          
Line of credit balance                     0                  
Line of Credit | Letters of Credit                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Letters of credit outstanding                     975,000,000 839,000,000                
Letters of credit outstanding that will reduce the available credit under facilities                     287,000,000 $ 261,000,000                
Refinanced Term Loans | Secured Loans                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount $ 2,600,000,000                                      
Refinanced Term Loans | Secured Loans | LIBOR                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Basis spread on variable rate (in percent) 3.50%                                      
Refinanced Term Loans | Secured Loans | LIBOR | Minimum                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Basis spread on variable rate (in percent) 0.00%                                      
Refinanced Term Loans | Secured Loans | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Basis spread on variable rate (in percent)     2.75%                                  
Refinanced Term Loans | Secured Loans | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate | Minimum                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Basis spread on variable rate (in percent)     0.00%                                  
2027 Refinanced Term Loan | Secured Loans                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount $ 1,100,000,000                             $ 761,000,000        
2027 Refinanced Term Loan | Secured Loans | Level 2                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Fair value                                 $ 317,000,000      
2025 Refinanced Term Loan | Secured Loans                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount $ 1,500,000,000                                      
2025 Refinanced Term Loan | Secured Loans | Level 2                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Fair value                                 1,400,000,000      
2030 Refinanced Term Loans | Secured Loans                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount                                 $ 1,750,000,000      
Cash inflow from issuance of loans                     1,100,000,000                  
Payments of term loan   $ 500,000,000                                    
2030 Refinanced Term Loans | Secured Loans | Level 2                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Fair value                     2,000,000,000                  
2025 And 2027 Refinanced Term Loan | Secured Loans                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Principal repayment on Careem Notes                     1,100,000,000                  
2028 Convertible Note | Convertible Notes                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount   $ 1,730,000,000                                    
Stated interest rate   0.875%                                    
Excise of option to purchase additional principal amount of convertible note   $ 225,000,000                                    
Net proceeds from offering   $ 1,700,000,000                                    
Conversion ratio | Rate   1.37848%                                    
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 72.54                                    
Redemption price, percentage   1.00%                                    
Capped calls cost   $ 141,000,000                                    
Initial cap price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 95.81                                    
Premium percentage   0.75%                                    
2028 Convertible Note | Convertible Notes | Debt Conversion Terms, One                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Threshold number of trading days | day   20                                    
Threshold number of consecutive trading days | day   30                                    
Threshold percentage of stock price trigger   1.30%                                    
2028 Convertible Note | Convertible Notes | Debt Conversion Terms, Two                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Threshold number of trading days | day   5                                    
Threshold number of consecutive trading days | day   10                                    
Threshold percentage of stock price trigger   0.98%                                    
2028 Convertible Note | Convertible Notes | Level 2                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Fair value                     1,900,000,000                  
2025 Convertible Notes | Convertible Notes                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount           $ 1,150,000,000                            
Stated interest rate           0.00%                            
Excise of option to purchase additional principal amount of convertible note           $ 150,000,000                            
Conversion ratio | Rate           1.23701%                            
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares           $ 80.84                            
Redemption price, percentage           1.00%                            
Interest costs capitalized           $ 243,000,000                            
2025 Convertible Notes | Convertible Notes | Debt Conversion Terms, One                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Threshold number of trading days | day           20                            
Threshold number of consecutive trading days | day           30                            
Threshold percentage of stock price trigger           1.30%                            
2025 Convertible Notes | Convertible Notes | Debt Conversion Terms, Two                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Threshold number of trading days | day           5                            
Threshold number of consecutive trading days | day           10                            
Threshold percentage of stock price trigger           0.98%                            
2025 Convertible Notes | Convertible Notes | Level 2                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Fair value                     1,200,000,000                  
2023 Senior Note | Senior Note                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount                   $ 500,000,000                    
Stated interest rate                   7.50%                    
Debt instrument term                   5 years                    
Debt issuance costs                   $ 9,000,000                    
2026 Senior Note | Senior Note                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount                   $ 1,500,000,000                    
Stated interest rate                   8.00%                    
Debt instrument term                   8 years                    
Debt issuance costs                   $ 9,000,000                    
2026 Senior Note | Senior Note | Level 2                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Fair value                     1,528,000,000                  
2027 Senior Note | Senior Note                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount                 $ 1,200,000,000                      
Stated interest rate                 7.50%                      
Debt instrument term                 8 years                      
Debt issuance costs, net                 $ 11,000,000                      
2027 Senior Note | Senior Note | Level 2                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Fair value                     1,238,000,000                  
2025 Senior Note | Senior Note                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount               $ 1,000,000,000                        
Stated interest rate               7.50%                        
Debt instrument term               5 years                        
Debt issuance costs               $ 8,000,000                        
2028 Senior Note | Senior Note                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount             $ 500,000,000                          
Stated interest rate             6.25%                          
Debt instrument term             8 years                          
Debt issuance costs             $ 5,000,000                          
2028 Senior Note | Senior Note | Level 2                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Fair value                     503,000,000                  
2029 Senior Note | Senior Note                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Aggregate principal amount         $ 1,500,000,000                              
Stated interest rate         4.50%                              
Debt instrument term         8 years                              
Debt issuance costs         $ 16,000,000                              
2029 Senior Note | Senior Note | Level 2                                        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                                        
Fair value                     $ 1,431,000,000                  
v3.24.0.1
Long-Term Debt and Revolving Credit Arrangements - Schedule of Carrying Values and Estimated Fair Values of Debt Instruments (Details) - Senior Note - Level 2
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Fair value $ 4,700
2026 Senior Note  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Fair value 1,528
2027 Senior Note  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Fair value 1,238
2028 Senior Note  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Fair value 503
2029 Senior Note  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Fair value $ 1,431
v3.24.0.1
Long-Term Debt and Revolving Credit Arrangements - Future Principal Payments (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
2024 $ 25
2025 1,175
2026 1,525
2027 1,225
2028 1,750
Thereafter 3,860
Total $ 9,560
v3.24.0.1
Long-Term Debt and Revolving Credit Arrangements - Interest Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]      
Contractual interest coupon $ 577 $ 510 $ 464
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs 18 15 16
Total interest expense from long-term debt $ 595 $ 525 $ 480
v3.24.0.1
Supplemental Financial Statement Information - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]    
Prepaid expenses $ 400 $ 310
Other receivables 717 710
Other 564 459
Prepaid expenses and other current assets $ 1,681 $ 1,479
v3.24.0.1
Supplemental Financial Statement Information - Accrued and Other Current Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]    
Accrued legal, regulatory and non-income taxes $ 1,044 $ 1,573
Accrued Drivers and Merchants liability 1,996 1,593
Accrued compensation and employee benefits 710 587
Income and other tax liabilities 684 476
Commitment to issue unsecured convertible notes in connection with Careem acquisition 128 152
Other 1,896 1,851
Accrued and other current liabilities $ 6,458 $ 6,232
v3.24.0.1
Supplemental Financial Statement Information - Other Long-Term Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]    
Deferred tax liabilities $ 56 $ 27
Other 776 759
Other long-term liabilities $ 832 $ 786
v3.24.0.1
Supplemental Financial Statement Information - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance $ 8,074 $ 15,145 $ 12,967
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 22 81 11
Ending balance 12,028 8,074 15,145
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)      
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance (443) (524) (535)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications (118) 81 2,619
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income 140 0 (2,608)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 22 81 11
Ending balance (421) (443) (524)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes     176
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments      
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance (443) (524) (581)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications (123) 81 57
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income 140 0 0
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 17 81 57
Ending balance (426) (443) (524)
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Securities, Net of Tax      
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance 0 0 46
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications 5 0 2,562
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income 0 0 (2,608)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 5 0 (46)
Ending balance $ 5 $ 0 $ 0
v3.24.0.1
Supplemental Financial Statement Information - Other Income (Expense), Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 11 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Nov. 30, 2021
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Interest income   $ 484 $ 139 $ 37
Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net   (182) (147) (67)
Gain on business divestitures, net   204 14 1,684
Gain (loss) from sale of investments   (74) 0 413
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net   1,610 (7,045) 1,142
Impairment of equity method investment   0 (182) 0
Revaluation of MLU B.V. call option   0 191 0
Other, net   (198) 1 83
Other income (expense), net   1,844 (7,029) 3,292
Careem Technologies        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Gain on business divestitures, net   204    
MLU B.V.        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Impairment of equity method investment     (182)  
Revaluation of MLU B.V. call option     191  
Grab        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net $ 2,800 80 (2,100) 1,600
Aurora        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net   985 (3,000) 1,600
Zomato        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net     747 991
Didi        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net   443 (1,000) (3,000)
Other Investments        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net     $ 142  
Joby        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt and equity securities, net   $ 84    
MLU B.V.        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Gain (loss) from sale of investments       348
Not Discontinued Operations | Apparate USA LLC        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Gain on business divestitures, net       $ 1,644
v3.24.0.1
Stockholders' Equity - Narrative (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Jan. 01, 2024
shares
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
equityCompensationPlan
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Feb. 06, 2024
USD ($)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)   5,000,000,000 5,000,000,000    
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 0.00001 $ 0.00001    
Dividends declared (in shares) | $ / shares   $ 0      
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)   2,071,144,000 2,005,486,000    
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)   2,071,144,000 2,005,486,000    
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)   10,000,000      
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)   0 0    
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)   0 0    
Number of equity compensation plans | equityCompensationPlan   4      
Intrinsic value of options exercised during period | $   $ 319 $ 101 $ 382  
Weighted average grant date fair value of options granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 16.63 $ 13.58 $ 39.43  
Subsequent Event          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Authorized repurchase amount (in shares) | $         $ 7,000
RSUs          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Fair value of instruments vested during period | $   $ 1,700 $ 1,800 $ 1,500  
Shares outstanding (in shares)   90,827,000 98,167,000    
Weighted-average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 34.49 $ 34.70    
Awards, Granted (in shares)   61,119,000      
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value per Share, Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 34.13      
Assumed common shares issued from outstanding RSAs          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Shares outstanding (in shares)   801,000      
Weighted-average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 43.50      
Restricted Stock Awards, Restricted Stock Units, and Stock Appreciation Rights          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Unamortized compensation costs | $   $ 3,000      
Weighted-average recognition period   2 years 5 months 12 days      
Warrant          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Awards, Granted (in shares)   0 0 0  
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value per Share, Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 16.63 $ 13.58 $ 39.43  
2019 Plan          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Equity incentive plan, term over which available awards may increase   10 years      
Equity incentive plan, percent of increase   5.00%      
2019 Plan | Subsequent Event          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Increase in stock reserved for issuance (in shares) 104,000,000        
Number of shares reserved for future issuance (in shares) 460,000,000        
Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 2019          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Unamortized compensation costs | $   $ 27      
Weighted-average recognition period   3 months 14 days      
ESPP, percent of total shares outstanding, increase calculation   1.00%      
ESPP, upper threshold on increase in authorized shares (in shares)   25,000,000      
Issuance of common stock under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (in shares)   6,000,000      
Weighted average price per share of stock (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 23.38      
Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 2019 | Subsequent Event          
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]          
Number of shares reserved for future issuance (in shares) 101,000,000        
v3.24.0.1
Stockholders' Equity - SAR and Option Activity (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Options And Equity Instruments Other Than Options, Nonvested, Number Of Shares [Abstract]    
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Outstanding (in dollars per share) $ 13.90  
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Awards granted (in dollars per share) 36.63  
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Awards exercised (in dollars per share) 5.77  
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Awards canceled and forfeited (in dollars per share) 6.36  
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Outstanding (in dollars per share) 20.03 $ 13.90
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Vested and expected to vest (in dollars per share) 13.41  
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share, Exercisable (in dollars per share) $ 13.41  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-based Payment Award, Options And Equity Instruments Other Than Options, Nonvested, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]    
Weighted-Average Contractual Life, Outstanding 2 years 9 months 14 days 3 years 5 months 19 days
Weighted-Average Contractual Life, Vested and expected to vest 2 years 5 months 4 days  
Weighted-Average Contractual Life, Exercisable 2 years 5 months 4 days  
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding $ 535 $ 279
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested and expected to vest 406  
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable $ 406  
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Non-Option Equity Instruments, Outstanding [Roll Forward]    
Awards, outstanding (in shares) 153  
Awards granted (in shares) 0  
Awards exercised (in shares) (29)  
Awards canceled and forfeited (in shares) (1)  
Awards, outstanding (in shares) 123 153
Vested and expected to vest (in shares) 118  
Exercisable (in shares) 118  
Stock options    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward]    
Options outstanding (in shares) 20,039  
Awards granted (in shares) 607  
Exercise of stock options (in shares) (7,753)  
Awards canceled and forfeited (in shares) (252)  
Options outstanding (in shares) 12,641 20,039
Vested and expected to vest (in shares) 8,319  
Exercisable (in shares) 8,319  
v3.24.0.1
Stockholders' Equity - Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Common Stock Activity (Details) - RSUs
shares in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
$ / shares
shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]  
Awards, Outstanding (in shares) | shares 98,167
Awards, Granted (in shares) | shares 61,119
Awards, Vested (in shares) | shares (53,105)
Awards Canceled and Forfeited (in shares) | shares (15,354)
Awards, Outstanding (in shares) | shares 90,827
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Abstract]  
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value per Share, Unvested and Outstanding (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 34.70
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value per Share, Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 34.13
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value per Share, Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 34.43
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value per Share, Canceled and Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 34.47
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value per Share, Unvested and Outstanding (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 34.49
v3.24.0.1
Stockholders' Equity - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense $ 1,935 $ 1,793 $ 1,168
Operations and support      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense 184 154 139
Sales and marketing      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense 96 102 83
Research and development      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense 1,215 1,060 614
General and administrative      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Share-based compensation expense $ 440 $ 477 $ 332
v3.24.0.1
Stockholders' Equity - Weighted Average Assumptions (Details)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Expected term (in years) 5 years 1 month 6 days
Risk-free interest rate 0.90%
Expected volatility 40.30%
Expected dividend yield 0.00%
Stock options  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Expected term (in years) 5 years 1 month 6 days
Risk-free interest rate 0.90%
Expected volatility 40.30%
Expected dividend yield 0.00%
v3.24.0.1
Income Taxes - Summary of Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]      
U.S. $ 1,525 $ (8,523) $ (340)
Foreign 796 (903) (685)
Income (loss) before income taxes and income from equity method investments $ 2,321 $ (9,426) $ (1,025)
v3.24.0.1
Income Taxes - Provisions for income taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Current      
Federal $ 1 $ 8 $ 0
State 16 15 4
Foreign 170 237 196
Total current tax expense 187 260 200
Deferred      
Federal 11 (251) (76)
State 12 (92) 19
Foreign 3 (98) (635)
Total deferred tax expense (benefit) 26 (441) (692)
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ 213 $ (181) $ (492)
v3.24.0.1
Income Taxes - Tax Rate Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Billions
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]        
Federal statutory income tax rate   21.00% 21.00% 21.00%
State income tax expense   1.20% 0.80% (2.30%)
Foreign rate differential   (0.40%) 2.00% 10.30%
Non-deductible expenses   (0.20%) (0.70%) (5.20%)
Stock-based compensation   (1.90%) (1.40%) 4.50%
Federal research and development credits   (7.20%) 0.60% 7.80%
Deferred tax on foreign investments   (3.50%) (1.10%) 48.70%
Entity restructuring   0.60% (12.70%) (2.00%)
Change in unrecognized tax benefits   (6.80%) (8.90%) (27.80%)
Valuation allowance   (2.80%) 1.10% (33.70%)
US tax on foreign income   4.10% 0.60% (10.80%)
Withholding taxes   9.50% (0.30%) (0.60%)
Tax rate change   0.00% 0.00% 22.40%
Other interest   (4.10%) 1.70% 16.80%
Other, net   (0.30%) (0.80%) (1.10%)
Effective income tax rate   9.20% 1.90% 48.00%
Reduction in deferred tax $ 1.7      
v3.24.0.1
Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Deferred tax assets    
Net operating loss carryforwards $ 6,164 $ 6,325
Research and development credits 1,275 1,200
Stock-based compensation 66 45
Accruals and reserves 440 402
Accrued legal 120 184
Fixed assets and intangible assets 4,135 4,425
Lease liability 436 478
Interest limitation carryforwards 876 858
Capitalized research expenses 771 304
Other 211 320
Total deferred tax assets 14,494 14,541
Less: Valuation allowance (13,945) (13,971)
Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance 549 570
Deferred tax liabilities    
Indefinite lived deferred tax liability 114 0
ROU assets 301 354
Other 18 77
Total deferred tax liabilities 433 431
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ 116 $ 139
v3.24.0.1
Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]    
Reserve on uncertain tax positions $ 13,945 $ 13,971
Deferred tax asset realized, indefinite deferred tax liability used as income 95  
Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate 94  
Unrecognized tax benefit that would not impact effective tax rate 3,300  
Unrecognized tax benefit, income tax penalties and interest accrued 17 $ 21
Domestic Tax Authority    
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]    
Operating loss carryforward, subject to expiration 296  
Operating loss carryforward, not subject to expiration 12,200  
Tax credit carry forward, subject to expiration 1,000  
State and Local Jurisdiction    
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]    
Operating loss carryforward, subject to expiration 8,800  
Operating loss carryforward, not subject to expiration 1,900  
Tax credit carry forward, subject to expiration 4  
Tax credit carryforward, not subject to expiration 696  
Foreign Tax Authority    
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]    
Operating loss carryforward, subject to expiration 872  
Operating loss carryforward, not subject to expiration $ 18,600  
v3.24.0.1
Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]      
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year $ 3,513 $ 2,657 $ 2,293
Gross increases - current year tax positions 177 814 239
Gross increases - prior year tax positions 42 93 134
Gross decreases - prior year tax positions (315) (51) (9)
Gross decreases - lapse of statute of limitations (72) 0 0
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year $ 3,345 $ 3,513 $ 2,657
v3.24.0.1
Net Income (Loss) Per Share - Computation (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Basic net income (loss) per share:      
Net income (loss) including non-controlling interests $ 2,156 $ (9,138) $ (570)
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax 269 3 (74)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders $ 1,887 $ (9,141) $ (496)
Denominator      
Basic weighted-average common stock outstanding (in shares) 2,035,651 1,972,131 1,892,546
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders (in dollars per share) $ 0.93 $ (4.64) $ (0.26)
Numerator      
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders $ 1,887 $ (9,141) $ (496)
Assumed net loss attributable to Uber Technologies, Inc. upon redemption of Freight Holding convertible common shares, non-controlling interest (62) (41) (44)
Interest expense, amortization of debt discount and issuance costs of 2025 Convertible Notes and Careem Notes 2 0 0
Diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders $ 1,827 $ (9,182) $ (540)
Denominator      
Basic weighted-average common stock outstanding (in shares) 2,035,651 1,972,131 1,892,546
Weighted-average effect of potentially dilutive securities:      
Warrants (in shares) 73 0 0
Assumed redemption of Freight Holding common shares, non-controlling interest (in shares) 4,301 2,797 2,973
Diluted (in shares) 2,091,782 1,974,928 1,895,519
Number of shares used in basic net income (loss) per share computation (in shares) 2,091,782 1,974,928 1,895,519
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders (in dollars per share) $ 0.87 $ (4.65) $ (0.29)
2025 Convertible Notes      
Weighted-average effect of potentially dilutive securities:      
Convertible notes (in shares) 12,784 0 0
The Careem Notes      
Weighted-average effect of potentially dilutive securities:      
Convertible notes (in shares) 2,547 0 0
Stock options      
Weighted-average effect of potentially dilutive securities:      
Stock options and RSUs (in shares) 9,989 0 0
RSUs      
Weighted-average effect of potentially dilutive securities:      
Stock options and RSUs (in shares) 25,671 0 0
Assumed common shares issued from outstanding RSAs      
Weighted-average effect of potentially dilutive securities:      
Stock options and RSUs (in shares) 139 0 0
Shares committed under ESPP      
Weighted-average effect of potentially dilutive securities:      
Stock options and RSUs (in shares) 627 0 0
v3.24.0.1
Net Income (Loss) Per Share - Antidilutive Securities (Details) - shares
shares in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 19,038 173,471 134,976
Freight Holding contingently redeemable preferred stock      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 13,430 30,458 10,070
Convertible notes      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 0 18,250 21,740
RSUs      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 4,534 98,167 71,461
Stock options      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 207 20,039 24,253
Common stock subject to repurchase      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 0 2,606 4,153
Shares committed under ESPP      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 867 3,878 3,226
Warrants to purchase common stock      
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]      
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 0 73 73
v3.24.0.1
Segment Information and Geographic Information - Summary (Details)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
segment
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Segment Reporting [Abstract]        
Number of operating segments | segment   3    
Number of reportable segments | segment   3    
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Depreciation and amortization   $ (823) $ (947) $ (902)
Stock-based compensation expense   (1,935) (1,793) (1,168)
Legacy auto insurance transfer $ (103)      
Income (loss) from operations   1,110 (1,832) (3,834)
Segments        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA   6,405 3,850 1,107
Segments | Mobility        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA   4,963 3,299 1,596
Segments | Delivery        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA   1,506 551 (348)
Segments | Freight        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA   (64) 0 (130)
Segments | All Other        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA   0 0 (11)
Reconciling Items        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Corporate G&A and Platform R&D   (2,353) (2,137) (1,881)
Depreciation and amortization   (823) (947) (902)
Stock-based compensation expense   (1,935) (1,793) (1,168)
Legal, tax, and regulatory reserve changes and settlements   (9) (732) (526)
Goodwill and asset impairments/loss on sale of assets   (84) (25) (157)
Acquisition, financing and divestitures related expenses   (36) (46) (102)
Accelerated lease costs related to cease-use of ROU assets   0 (6) (5)
COVID-19 response initiatives   0 (1) (54)
Loss on lease arrangement, net   (4) (7) 0
Restructuring and related charges   (51) (2) 0
Legacy auto insurance transfer   0 0 (103)
Mass arbitration fees, net   $ 0 $ 14 $ (43)
v3.24.0.1
Segment Information and Geographic Information - Geographic Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Revenue $ 37,281 $ 31,877 $ 17,455
Total long-lived assets, net 3,314 3,531  
United States      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Revenue 18,620 17,953 9,058
Total long-lived assets, net 2,980 3,210  
United Kingdom      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Revenue 6,522 4,215 551
All other countries      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Revenue 12,139 9,709 $ 7,846
Total long-lived assets, net $ 334 $ 321  
v3.24.0.1
Commitments and Contingencies - Contingencies (Details)
£ in Millions, $ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
GBP (£)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
GBP (£)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]        
Loss contingency accrual $ 1,600   $ 1,000  
Non-income tax matters 614   336  
Value tax assessment $ 733 £ 613 $ 789 £ 631
v3.24.0.1
Variable Interest Entities - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
 1 Months Ended
Feb. 12, 2021
Feb. 28, 2023
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]        
Assets     $ 38,699,000,000 $ 32,109,000,000
Liabilities     26,017,000,000 23,605,000,000
Capital contribution contingent on regulatory approval $ 185,000,000      
Contingent Consideration, Term 8 years      
Term loan $ 213,000,000      
Moove        
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]        
Loan receivable     253,000,000  
Moove        
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]        
Ownership interest 30.00%      
Call option period 2 years      
Freight Holding | Revolving Credit Facility        
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]        
Line of credit balance     0  
Freight Holding | Revolving Credit Facility | Freight Holding        
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]        
Commitment fee   $ 300,000,000    
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary        
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]        
Assets     3,500,000,000 3,900,000,000
Liabilities     755,000,000 789,000,000
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary        
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]        
Assets and liabilities     575,000,000 $ 548,000,000
Maximum exposure to loss     $ 686,000,000  
v3.24.0.1
Non-Controlling Interests (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
 1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 11, 2021
Oct. 06, 2020
Aug. 31, 2022
Nov. 30, 2021
Aug. 31, 2021
Jul. 31, 2021
Oct. 31, 2020
Jul. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2022
Jan. 31, 2021
Jul. 06, 2020
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Non-controlling interests represented by subsidiaries’ preferred units and preferred stock                 $ 1,600 $ 1,600   $ 1,300    
CS Mexico                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Ownership interest 100.00%                          
Freight Holding                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Ownership percentage in non-controlling interest                 74.00% 74.00%   74.00%    
Diluted ownership percentage in non-controlling interest                 72.00% 72.00%   73.00%    
Shares reserved (in shares)                       85.1    
Shares available for grant and issuance (in shares)                 273.8 273.8   39.4    
2022 Freight Holding Plan                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Shares reserved (in shares)                 356.7 356.7        
Cornershop Global LLC                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Ownership percentage in non-controlling interest                           55.00%
Derecognized carrying value of redeemable non-controlling interests         $ 1,300                  
2020 Freight Series A Investor | Freight Holding                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Liquidation preference, multiplier                   150.00%        
Preferred shared, compounding dividend (in percent)                   6.00%        
Freight Series A-1 Investors | Freight Holding                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Liquidation preference, multiplier       100.00%                    
Preferred shared, compounding dividend (in percent)       6.00%                    
Freight Holding | 2020 Freight Series A Investor | Private Placement                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Stock issued during period (in shares)     124.7       124.7              
Proceeds from issuance of common stock   $ 250         $ 500              
Option to purchase additional shares per tranche after initial closing     $ 250                      
Freight Holding | 2020 Freight Series A Investor | Freight Holding | Private Placement                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
One-time adjustment to redemption value                 $ 286 $ 286        
Freight Holding | Freight Series A-1 Investors | Private Placement                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Proceeds from issuance of common stock       $ 550                    
The Public Investment Fund | Freight Holding                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Percentage of ownership after sale of stock           4.00%                
ATG Investment | Apparate                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Proceeds from issuance of common stock                     $ 1,000      
ATG Investment | Apparate | Toyota                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Proceeds from issuance of common stock                     400      
ATG Investment | Apparate | Softbank                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Proceeds from issuance of common stock                     333      
ATG Investment | Apparate | DENSO                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Proceeds from issuance of common stock                     $ 267      
ATG Investment | Preferred Class A | Apparate                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Stock issued during period (in shares)                     1.0      
Preferred stock units issued (in dollars per share)                     $ 1,000      
Annual rate percentage               4.50%            
Apparate USA LLC                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Derecognition of ATG Business' non-controlling interests                         $ 1,100  
Apparate USA LLC | Toyota Motor North America, Inc. and DENSO International America, Inc.                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Non-redeemable non-controlling interests                         701  
Apparate USA LLC | Softbank                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Redeemable non-controlling interests                         $ 356  
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary                            
Noncontrolling Interests [Line Items]                            
Percentage of ownership before sale of stock                     100.00%      
v3.24.0.1
Business Combinations - Cornershop Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
 1 Months Ended
Jan. 11, 2021
Jul. 06, 2020
Aug. 31, 2021
Cornershop Global LLC | CS Mexico      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Ownership interest 100.00%    
Cornershop Global LLC      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Percentage equity interest acquired   55.00% 45.00%
Period after closing date   5 years  
Percentage on fully-diluted basis     0.47
Purchase price - common stock issued (in shares)     25.0
Total consideration     $ 967
Cornershop Global LLC | Assumed common shares issued from outstanding RSAs      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Purchase price - common stock issued (in shares)     4.6
Common stock issued     $ 202
Requisite service period     3 years
Share-based compensation, award vesting period     3 years
Cornershop Global LLC | Stock options      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Purchase price - common stock issued (in shares)     4.0
CS Mexico      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Percentage equity interest acquired 55.00%    
CS Mexico | Cornershop Global LLC      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Voting interest to be acquired contingent on regulatory approval   100.00%  
v3.24.0.1
Business Combinations - Routematch and Drizly Narrative (Details) - Drizly - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
Oct. 12, 2021
Feb. 02, 2021
Business Acquisition [Line Items]    
Percentage equity interest acquired   100.00%
Total consideration $ 943  
Common stock issued $ 881  
Equity interest transferred (in shares) 19  
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 8 years  
v3.24.0.1
Business Combinations - Drizly Purchase Price Allocation (Details) - Drizly
$ in Millions
Oct. 12, 2021
USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Common stock issued $ 881
Cash 42
Stock-based compensation awards attributable to pre-combination services 20
Total consideration $ 943
v3.24.0.1
Business Combinations - Drizly Acquisition Date Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Oct. 12, 2021
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Goodwill $ 8,151 $ 8,263 $ 8,420  
Drizly        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Current assets       $ 50
Goodwill       619
Intangible assets       395
Other long-term assets       7
Total assets acquired       1,071
Current liabilities       (44)
Deferred tax liability       (79)
Other long-term liabilities       (5)
Total liabilities assumed       (128)
Net assets acquired       $ 943
v3.24.0.1
Business Combinations - Drizly Intangible Assets Acquired and Useful Lives (Details) - Drizly
$ in Millions
Oct. 12, 2021
USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Fair Value $ 395
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 8 years
Consumer, Merchant and other relationships  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Fair Value $ 60
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 5 years
Retailer relationship  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Fair Value $ 90
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 10 years
Advertiser relationship  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Fair Value $ 140
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 12 years
Developed technology  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Fair Value $ 75
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 3 years
Trade names  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Fair Value $ 30
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 6 years
v3.24.0.1
Business Combinations - Transplace Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended 14 Months Ended
Nov. 12, 2021
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2022
Jul. 21, 2021
Business Acquisition [Line Items]            
Revenue   $ 37,281 $ 31,877 $ 17,455    
Transplace            
Business Acquisition [Line Items]            
Percentage equity interest acquired           100.00%
Total consideration $ 2,300          
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 10 years          
Revenue         $ 684  
v3.24.0.1
Business Combinations - Transplace Acquisition Date Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Nov. 12, 2021
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Goodwill $ 8,151 $ 8,263 $ 8,420  
Transplace        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Cash and cash equivalents       $ 29
Accounts receivable, net       899
Prepaid expenses and other current assets       23
Property and equipment, net       44
Operating lease right-of-use assets       57
Intangible assets       902
Goodwill       1,438
Other long-term assets       3
Total assets acquired       3,395
Accounts payable       (516)
Operating lease liabilities, current       (7)
Accrued and other current liabilities       (363)
Operating lease liabilities, non-current       (66)
Deferred tax liability       (163)
Other long-term liabilities       (1)
Total liabilities assumed       (1,116)
Net assets acquired       $ 2,279
v3.24.0.1
Business Combinations - Transplace Intangible Assets Acquired and Useful Lives (Details) - Transplace
$ in Millions
Nov. 12, 2021
USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Fair Value $ 902
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 10 years
Rider relationships  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Fair Value $ 530
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 12 years
Developed technology  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Fair Value $ 363
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 7 years
Trade names  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Fair Value $ 9
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life - Years 2 years
v3.24.0.1
Business Combinations - Pro Forma (Details) - 2020 Acquired Businesses And Transplace
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Revenue $ 21,764
Net loss including non-controlling interests $ (700)
v3.24.0.1
Divestitures - Narrative (Details) - Not Discontinued Operations - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jan. 19, 2021
Dec. 31, 2021
Aurora    
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]    
Fair value of common shares received   $ 1,277
Apparate USA LLC    
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]    
Derecognition of ATG Business' non-controlling interests $ 1,100 1,057
Vesting period 12 months  
Liability recognized for future obligations $ 315 $ 315
Apparate USA LLC | Aurora    
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]    
Fair value of common shares received $ 1,300  
Percentage of fully diluted common shares 22.00%  
Percentage of undiluted shares 25.00%  
Additional investment $ 400  
Percent of fully diluted convertible preferred shares 4.00%  
Percent of undiluted convertible preferred shares 5.00%  
v3.24.0.1
Divestitures - Gain on Disposition (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Jan. 19, 2021
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Gain on the sale of the ATG Business $ 204 $ 14 $ 1,684  
Not Discontinued Operations | Apparate USA LLC        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Derecognition of ATG Business' non-controlling interests     1,057 $ 1,100
Liability recognized for future obligations     (315) (315)
Net consideration received for sale of the ATG Business     2,019  
Carrying value of net assets transferred     (375)  
Gain on the sale of the ATG Business     1,644  
Not Discontinued Operations | E&        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Net consideration received for sale of the ATG Business 340      
Carrying value of net assets transferred (136)      
Gain on the sale of the ATG Business 204      
Careem Technologies | Not Discontinued Operations        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Fair value of common shares received 300      
Careem Technologies | Not Discontinued Operations | E&        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Cash consideration received $ 40      
Aurora | Not Discontinued Operations        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Fair value of common shares received     $ 1,277  
Aurora | Not Discontinued Operations | Apparate USA LLC        
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]        
Fair value of common shares received       $ 1,300
v3.24.0.1
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Allowance for doubtful accounts      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
Balance at Beginning of Period $ 80 $ 51 $ 55
Additions 245 286 246
Deductions (234) (257) (250)
Balance at End of Period 91 80 51
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
Balance at Beginning of Period 13,971 13,920 13,410
Additions 81 2,204 571
Deductions (107) (2,153) (61)
Balance at End of Period 13,945 13,971 13,920
Insurance reserves      
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
Balance at Beginning of Period 4,720 3,988 3,466
Additions 3,544 2,128 1,696
Deductions (1,526) (1,396) (1,174)
Balance at End of Period 6,738 4,720 3,988
Increase (decrease) for changes in estimates $ 158 $ 152 69
Increase (decrease) for reserves assumed with loss portfolio transfer reinsurance agreement     $ 374
v3.24.0.1
Label Element Value
Accounting Standards Update [Extensible Enumeration] us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdateExtensibleList Accounting Standards Update 2020-06 [Member]
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Including Disposal Group and Discontinued Operations us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations $ 7,391,000,000