EMPIRE STATE REALTY TRUST, INC., 10-Q filed on 8/4/2023
Quarterly Report
v3.23.2
Cover - shares
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jul. 28, 2023
Document Information [Line Items]    
Document Type 10-Q  
Document Quarterly Report true  
Document Period End Date Jun. 30, 2023  
Document Transition Report false  
Entity File Number 001-36105  
Entity Registrant Name EMPIRE STATE REALTY TRUST, INC.  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code MD  
Entity Tax Identification Number 37-1645259  
Entity Address, Address Line One 111 West 33rd Street  
Entity Address, Address Line Two 12th Floor  
Entity Address, City or Town New York  
Entity Address, State or Province NY  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 10120  
City Area Code 212  
Local Phone Number 850-2600  
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes  
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes  
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer  
Entity Small Business false  
Entity Emerging Growth Company false  
Entity Shell Company false  
Entity Central Index Key 0001541401  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
Amendment Flag false  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2023  
Document Fiscal Period Focus Q2  
Class A Common Stock    
Document Information [Line Items]    
Title of 12(b) Security Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share  
Trading Symbol ESRT  
Security Exchange Name NYSE  
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   160,111,408
Class B Common Stock    
Document Information [Line Items]    
Title of 12(b) Security Class B Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share  
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   986,884
No Trading Symbol Flag true  
v3.23.2
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Commercial real estate properties, at cost:    
Land $ 361,497 $ 365,540
Development costs 8,204 8,166
Building and improvements 3,196,181 3,177,743
Commercial real estate properties, at cost 3,565,882 3,551,449
Less: accumulated depreciation (1,180,558) (1,137,267)
Commercial real estate properties, net 2,385,324 2,414,182
Assets held for sale 0 35,538
Cash and cash equivalents 315,357 264,434
Restricted cash 80,451 50,244
Tenant and other receivables 32,901 24,102
Deferred rent receivables 249,881 240,188
Prepaid expenses and other assets 98,986 98,114
Deferred costs, net 176,678 187,570
Acquired below-market ground leases, net 325,157 329,073
Right of use assets 28,554 28,670
Goodwill 491,479 491,479
Total assets 4,184,768 4,163,594
Liabilities:    
Mortgage notes payable, net 880,592 883,705
Senior unsecured notes, net 973,768 973,659
Unsecured term loan facilities, net 389,028 388,773
Unsecured revolving credit facility 0 0
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 71,709 80,729
Acquired below-market leases, net 15,280 17,849
Ground lease liabilities 28,554 28,670
Deferred revenue and other liabilities 73,972 76,091
Tenants’ security deposits 40,253 25,084
Liabilities related to assets held for sale 0 5,943
Total liabilities 2,473,156 2,480,503
Commitments and contingencies
Empire State Realty Trust, Inc. stockholders' equity:    
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding 0 0
Additional paid-in capital 1,047,459 1,055,184
Accumulated other comprehensive income 9,275 7,048
Retained deficit (92,392) (109,468)
Total Empire State Realty Trust, Inc. stockholders' equity 965,950 954,375
Non-controlling interests in the Operating Partnership 700,282 683,310
Non-controlling interests in other partnerships 15,440 15,466
Private perpetual preferred units:    
Total equity 1,711,612 1,683,091
Total liabilities and equity 4,184,768 4,163,594
Class A Common Stock    
Empire State Realty Trust, Inc. stockholders' equity:    
Common stock 1,598 1,601
Class B Common Stock    
Empire State Realty Trust, Inc. stockholders' equity:    
Common stock 10 10
Private Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 2019    
Private perpetual preferred units:    
Private perpetual preferred units 21,936 21,936
Private Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 2014    
Private perpetual preferred units:    
Private perpetual preferred units $ 8,004 $ 8,004
v3.23.2
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Equity:    
Preferred stock, par value (in USD per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Preferred stock authorized (in shares) 50,000,000 50,000,000
Preferred stock issued (in shares) 0 0
Preferred stock outstanding (in shares) 0 0
Class A Common Stock    
Equity:    
Common stock, par value (in USD per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Common stock authorized (in shares) 400,000,000 400,000,000
Common stock issued (in shares) 159,843,000 160,139,000
Common stock outstanding (in shares) 159,843,000 160,139,000
Class B Common Stock    
Equity:    
Common stock, par value (in USD per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Common stock authorized (in shares) 50,000,000 50,000,000
Common stock issued (in shares) 988,000 990,000
Common stock outstanding (in shares) 988,180 990,000
Private Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 2019    
Equity:    
Private perpetual preferred units, per unit liquidation preference (in USD per share) $ 13.52 $ 13.52
Private perpetual preferred units issued (in shares) 4,664,038 4,664,000
Private perpetual preferred units outstanding (in shares) 4,664,000 4,664,000
Private Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 2014    
Equity:    
Private perpetual preferred units, per unit liquidation preference (in USD per share) $ 16.62 $ 16.62
Private perpetual preferred units issued (in shares) 1,560,000 1,560,000
Private perpetual preferred units outstanding (in shares) 1,560,000 1,560,000
v3.23.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Revenues:        
Rental revenue $ 154,603 $ 149,339 $ 294,694 $ 296,853
Observatory revenue 33,433 27,368 55,587 40,609
Lease termination fees 0 18,859 0 20,032
Third-party management and other fees 381 326 808 636
Other revenue and fees 2,125 2,130 4,075 3,926
Total revenues 190,542 198,022 355,164 362,056
Operating expenses:        
Property operating expenses 39,519 37,433 81,563 76,077
Ground rent expenses 2,332 2,332 4,663 4,663
General and administrative expenses 16,075 15,876 31,783 29,562
Observatory expenses 8,657 7,776 16,512 13,991
Real estate taxes 31,490 29,802 63,278 59,806
Depreciation and amortization 46,280 58,304 93,688 125,410
Total operating expenses 144,353 151,523 291,487 309,509
Total operating income (loss) 46,189 46,499 63,677 52,547
Other income (expense):        
Interest income 3,339 431 5,934 580
Interest expense (25,405) (25,042) (50,709) (50,056)
Gain on disposition of property 13,565 27,170 29,261 27,170
Income (loss) before income taxes 37,688 49,058 48,163 30,241
Income tax benefit (expense) (733) (363) 486 1,233
Net income 36,955 48,695 48,649 31,474
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interests:        
Non-controlling interests in the Operating Partnership (14,049) (18,224) (18,217) (11,305)
Non-controlling interests in other partnerships (1) 159 42 222
Private perpetual preferred unit distributions (1,051) (1,051) (2,101) (2,101)
Net income attributable to common stockholders $ 21,854 $ 29,579 $ 28,373 $ 18,290
Total weighted average shares:        
Basic (in shares) 160,028 167,118 160,669 168,099
Diluted (in shares) 264,196 270,085 264,736 271,837
Earnings per share attributable to common stockholders:        
Basic (in USD per share) $ 0.14 $ 0.18 $ 0.18 $ 0.11
Diluted (in USD per share) 0.14 0.18 0.18 0.11
Dividends per share (in USD per share) $ 0.035 $ 0.035 $ 0.070 $ 0.070
v3.23.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]        
Net income $ 36,955 $ 48,695 $ 48,649 $ 31,474
Other comprehensive income:        
Unrealized gain on valuation of interest rate swap agreements 11,935 10,057 6,533 19,819
Less: amount reclassified into interest expense (1,882) 2,741 (3,154) 6,036
Other comprehensive income 10,053 12,798 3,379 25,855
Comprehensive income 47,008 61,493 52,028 57,329
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests and private perpetual preferred unitholders (15,101) (19,116) (20,276) (13,184)
Other comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests (4,098) (5,920) (1,263) (10,882)
Comprehensive income attributable to common stockholders $ 27,809 $ 36,457 $ 30,489 $ 33,263
v3.23.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Total
Class A Common Stock
Class B Common Stock
Total Stockholders' Equity
Common Stock
Class A Common Stock
Common Stock
Class B Common Stock
Additional Paid-In Capital
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Retained Earnings (Deficit)
Non-controlling Interests
Private Perpetual Preferred Units
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021         169,221,000 996,000          
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021 $ 1,684,332     $ 998,128 $ 1,692 $ 10 $ 1,150,884 $ (20,848) $ (133,610) $ 656,264 $ 29,940
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                      
Conversion of operating partnership units and Class B shares to Class A shares (in shares)         1,140,000 (2,000)          
Conversion of operating partnership units and Class B shares to Class A shares 0     2,345 $ 11   2,286 48   (2,345)  
Repurchases of common shares (in shares)         (7,866,000)            
Repurchases of common shares (64,440)     (64,440) $ (79)   (76,571)   12,210    
Contributions from consolidated joint ventures 224                 224  
Equity compensation:                      
LTIP units 9,968                 9,968  
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures (in shares)         195,000            
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures 257     257 $ 2   255        
Dividends and distributions (21,577)     (11,750)         (11,750) (7,726) (2,101)
Net income 31,474     18,290         18,290 11,083 2,101
Other comprehensive income 25,855     14,973       14,973   10,882  
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022         162,690,000 994,000          
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2022 1,666,093     957,803 $ 1,626 $ 10 1,076,854 (5,827) (114,860) 678,350 29,940
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022         168,731,000 995,000          
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2022 1,662,032     978,421 $ 1,687 $ 10 1,119,201 (12,730) (129,747) 653,671 29,940
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                      
Issuance of Class A shares 0                    
Conversion of operating partnership units and Class B shares to Class A shares (in shares)         566,000 (1,000)          
Conversion of operating partnership units and Class B shares to Class A shares 0     848 $ 5   818 25   (848)  
Repurchases of common shares (in shares)         (6,611,000)            
Repurchases of common shares (52,439)     (52,439) $ (67)   (43,482)   (8,890)    
Equity compensation:                      
LTIP units 5,447                 5,447  
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures (in shares)         4,000            
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures 318     318 $ 1   317        
Dividends and distributions (10,758)     (5,802)         (5,802) (3,905) (1,051)
Net income 48,695     29,579         29,579 18,065 1,051
Other comprehensive income 12,798     6,878       6,878   5,920  
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022         162,690,000 994,000          
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2022 1,666,093     957,803 $ 1,626 $ 10 1,076,854 (5,827) (114,860) 678,350 29,940
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022   160,139,000 990,000   160,139,000 990,000          
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022 1,683,091     954,375 $ 1,601 $ 10 1,055,184 7,048 (109,468) 698,776 29,940
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                      
Conversion of operating partnership units and Class B shares to Class A shares (in shares)         1,535,000 (2,000)          
Conversion of operating partnership units and Class B shares to Class A shares 0     5,019 $ 15   4,893 111   (5,019)  
Repurchases of common shares (in shares)         (2,151,000)            
Repurchases of common shares (13,105)     (13,105) $ (21)   (13,084)   0    
Contributions from consolidated joint ventures 112                 112  
Equity compensation:                      
LTIP units 9,274                 9,274  
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures (in shares)         320,000            
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures 469     469 $ 3   466        
Dividends and distributions (20,257)     (11,297)         (11,297) (6,859) (2,101)
Net income 48,649     28,373         28,373 18,175 2,101
Other comprehensive income 3,379     2,116       2,116   1,263  
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023   159,843,000 988,180   159,843,000 988,000          
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2023 1,711,612     965,950 $ 1,598 $ 10 1,047,459 9,275 (92,392) 715,722 29,940
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023         160,340,000 989,000          
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2023 1,677,066     948,251 $ 1,603 $ 10 1,051,926 3,336 (108,624) 698,875 29,940
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                      
Conversion of operating partnership units and Class B shares to Class A shares (in shares)         728,000 (1,000)          
Conversion of operating partnership units and Class B shares to Class A shares 0     2,475 $ 7   2,484 (16)   (2,475)  
Repurchases of common shares (in shares)         (1,218,000)            
Repurchases of common shares (7,411)     (7,411) $ (12)   (7,399)   0    
Contributions from consolidated joint ventures 94                 94  
Equity compensation:                      
LTIP units 4,921                 4,921  
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures (in shares)         (7,000)            
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures 448     448 $ 0   448        
Dividends and distributions (10,514)     (5,622)         (5,622) (3,841) (1,051)
Net income 36,955     21,854         21,854 14,050 1,051
Other comprehensive income 10,053     5,955       5,955   4,098  
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023   159,843,000 988,180   159,843,000 988,000          
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2023 $ 1,711,612     $ 965,950 $ 1,598 $ 10 $ 1,047,459 $ 9,275 $ (92,392) $ 715,722 $ 29,940
v3.23.2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Cash Flows From Operating Activities    
Net income $ 48,649 $ 31,474
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:    
Depreciation and amortization 93,688 125,410
Gain on disposition of property (29,261) (27,170)
Amortization of non-cash items within interest expense 4,521 5,169
Amortization of acquired above- and below-market leases, net (1,378) (3,459)
Amortization of acquired below-market ground leases 3,916 3,916
Straight-lining of rental revenue (12,415) (11,192)
Equity based compensation 9,743 10,225
Increase (decrease) in cash flows due to changes in operating assets and liabilities:    
Security deposits 15,326 866
Tenant and other receivables (8,708) (24,831)
Deferred leasing costs (9,316) (21,826)
Prepaid expenses and other assets 957 (1,242)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (9,324) (2,235)
Deferred revenue and other liabilities (492) (1,427)
Net cash provided by operating activities 105,906 83,678
Cash Flows From Investing Activities    
Net proceeds from disposition of property 88,910 0
Development costs 0 (31)
Additions to building and improvements (76,166) (56,614)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 12,744 (56,645)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities    
Repayment of mortgage notes payable (4,270) (3,119)
Contributions from consolidated joint ventures 112 224
Repurchases of common shares (13,105) (64,440)
Private perpetual preferred unit distributions (2,101) (2,101)
Dividends paid to common stockholders (11,297) (11,750)
Distributions paid to non-controlling interests in the operating partnership (6,859) (7,726)
Net cash used in financing activities (37,520) (88,912)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash 81,130 (61,879)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash—beginning of period 314,678 474,638
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash—end of period 395,808 412,759
Reconciliation of Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash:    
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 264,434 423,695
Restricted cash at beginning of period 50,244 50,943
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 315,357 359,424
Restricted cash at end of period 80,451 53,335
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash 395,808 412,759
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:    
Cash paid for interest 46,116 40,199
Cash paid for income taxes 405 268
Non-cash investing and financing activities:    
Building and improvements included in accounts payable and accrued expenses 38,677 67,815
Write-off of fully depreciated assets 21,182 38,518
Derivative instruments at fair values included in prepaid expenses and other assets 19,329 4,082
Derivative instruments at fair values included in accounts payable and accrued expenses 0 19,695
Conversion of operating partnership units and Class B shares to Class A shares 5,019 2,345
Disposal of land in connection with foreclosure 0 1,680
Extinguishment of debt in connection with property disposition $ 0 $ 30,000
v3.23.2
Description of Business and Organization
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Description of Business and Organization Description of Business and Organization
    As used in these condensed consolidated financial statements, unless the context otherwise requires, “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company,” and "ESRT" mean Empire State Realty Trust, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
    We are a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust ("REIT"), that owns, manages, operates, acquires and repositions office, retail and multifamily properties in Manhattan and the greater New York metropolitan area. As the owner of the Empire State Building, the World’s Most Famous Building, we also own and operate our iconic, newly reimagined Observatory Experience.

    As of June 30, 2023, our office and retail portfolio contained 9.4 million rentable square feet of office and retail space. We owned 11 office properties (including three long-term ground leasehold interests) encompassing approximately 8.6 million rentable square feet of office space. Nine of these properties are located in the midtown Manhattan market and encompass approximately 7.6 million rentable square feet of office space, including the Empire State Building. Our Manhattan office and multifamily properties also contain an aggregate of approximately 0.5 million rentable square feet of retail space on their ground floor and/or contiguous levels. Our remaining two office properties are located in Fairfield County, Connecticut, encompassing approximately 1.1 million rentable square feet. These two properties are located in densely populated metropolitan communities with immediate access to mass transportation. Additionally, we have entitled land at the Stamford Transportation Center in Stamford, Connecticut, adjacent to one of our office properties, that will support the development of an approximately 0.4 million rentable square foot office building and garage. As of June 30, 2023, our portfolio included four standalone retail properties located in Manhattan encompassing approximately 0.2 million rentable square feet. Additionally, as of June 30, 2023, our portfolio included three multifamily properties located in Manhattan totaling 721 units.
     We were organized as a Maryland corporation on July 29, 2011 and commenced operations upon completion of our initial public offering and related formation transactions on October 7, 2013 (the "IPO"). Our operating partnership, Empire State Realty OP, L.P. (the "Operating Partnership"), holds substantially all of our assets and conducts substantially all of our business. As of June 30, 2023, we owned approximately 59.4% of the aggregate operating partnership units in the Operating Partnership. We, as the sole general partner in the Operating Partnership, have responsibility and discretion in the management and control of the Operating Partnership, and the limited partners in the Operating Partnership, in such capacity, have no authority to transact business for, or participate in the management activities of, the Operating Partnership. Accordingly, the Operating Partnership has been consolidated by us. We elected to be subject to tax as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2013.
v3.23.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
    There have been no material changes to the summary of significant accounting policies included in the "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" section in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the “Annual Report”).

Basis of Quarterly Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
    The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), for interim financial information, and with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted in accordance with such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, all adjustments and eliminations (including intercompany balances and transactions), consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for the fair presentation of the financial statements have been included.
    The results of operations for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the corresponding full years. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and accompanying notes included in the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 contained in our Annual Report. Our observatory business is subject to seasonality based on tourism trends and the weather. Pre-pandemic, approximately 16.0% to 18.0% of our annual observatory revenue was realized in the first quarter, 26.0% to 28.0% was realized
in the second quarter, 31.0% to 33.0% was realized in the third quarter, and 23.0% to 25.0% was realized in the fourth quarter. Our multifamily business experiences some seasonality based on general market trends in New York City – the winter months (November through January) are slower in terms of leasing activity. We seek to mitigate this by staggering lease terms such that lease expirations are matched with seasonal demand. We do not consider the balance of our business to be subject to material seasonal fluctuations.
    We consolidate entities in which we have a controlling financial interest.  In determining whether we have a controlling financial interest in a partially owned entity and the requirement to consolidate the accounts of that entity, we consider factors such as ownership interest, board representation, management representation, authority to make decisions, and contractual and substantive participating rights of the partners/members.  For variable interest entities ("VIE"), we consolidate the entity if we are deemed to have a variable interest in the entity and through that interest we are deemed the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the entity that has (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could be significant to the VIE. The primary beneficiary is required to consolidate the VIE. The Operating Partnership is a VIE of ESRT. As the Operating Partnership is already consolidated in the financial statements of ESRT, the identification of this entity as a VIE has no impact on our consolidated financial statements. At December 31, 2022, the Operating Partnership was the primary beneficiary of a variable interest in the intermediary entity which held title to 298 Mulberry, the multifamily asset acquired in December 2022. The intermediary entity was utilized to execute a like-kind exchange and subsequent to March 31, 2023, the like-kind exchange was completed and the Operating Partnership took title to 298 Mulberry. Therefore, the Operating Partnership had no VIEs at June 30, 2023.

    We will assess the accounting treatment for each investment we may have in the future. This assessment will include a review of each entity’s organizational agreement to determine which party has what rights and whether those rights are protective or participating. For all VIEs, we will review such agreements in order to determine which party has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and benefit. In situations where we or our partner could approve, among other things, the annual budget, or leases that cover more than a nominal amount of space relative to the total rentable space at each property, we would not consolidate the investment as we consider these to be substantive participation rights that result in shared power of the activities that would most significantly impact the performance and benefit of such joint venture investment.
    A non-controlling interest in a consolidated subsidiary is defined as the portion of the equity (net assets) in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to a parent. Non-controlling interests are required to be presented as a separate component of equity in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and in the condensed consolidated statements of operations by requiring earnings and other comprehensive income to be attributed to controlling and non-controlling interests.
Accounting Estimates
    The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to use estimates and assumptions that in certain circumstances affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported revenues and expenses. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include allocation of the purchase price of acquired real estate properties among tangible and intangible assets, determination of the useful life of real estate properties and other long-lived assets, valuation and impairment analysis of commercial real estate properties, right of use assets and other long-lived and indefinite-lived assets, estimate of tenant expense reimbursements, valuation of the allowance for doubtful accounts, and valuation of derivative instruments, ground lease liabilities, senior unsecured notes, mortgage notes payable, unsecured term loan and revolving credit facilities, and equity-based compensation. These estimates are prepared using management’s best judgment, after considering past, current, and expected events and economic conditions. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
v3.23.2
Acquisitions and Dispositions
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Business Combination and Dispositions [Abstract]  
Acquisitions and Dispositions Acquisitions and DispositionsIn December 2022, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement for 500 Mamaroneck Avenue in Harrison, NY at a gross asset valuation of $53.0 million. The assets and related liabilities of the 500 Mamaroneck property were classified as held for sale in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 having met the held-for-sale criteria set forth in ASC 360 Property, Plant, and Equipment. We closed on the sale of this property on April 5, 2023 and no longer classify its assets and related liabilities as held for sale as of June 30, 2023. In connection with the sale, we recorded a gain of $13.6 million which is included in Gain on disposition of property in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. In accordance with ASC 450, included in this gain is approximately $2.0 million of estimated post-closing obligations related to contaminated soil remediation costs and our commitment to reimburse the buyer for a delay in rent commencement from a tenant impacted by the soil remediation efforts.On February 1, 2023, we closed on the sale of 69-97 and 103-107 Main Street in Westport, Connecticut at a gross asset valuation of $40.0 million, and recorded a gain of $15.7 million, which is included in Gain on disposition of property in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Westport sale was a related party transaction approved in accordance with the Company's related party transactions policy. See our Annual Report for more information.
v3.23.2
Deferred Costs, Acquired Lease Intangibles and Goodwill
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Deferred Costs, Acquired Lease Intangibles and Goodwill Deferred Costs, Acquired Lease Intangibles and Goodwill
    Deferred costs, net, consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):  
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Leasing costs$219,404 $218,707 
Acquired in-place lease value and deferred leasing costs159,356 160,683 
Acquired above-market leases25,880 27,833 
404,640 407,223 
Less: accumulated amortization(231,886)(223,246)
Total deferred costs, net, excluding net deferred financing costs$172,754 $183,977 
    At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $3.9 million and $5.0 million, respectively, of net deferred financing costs associated with the unsecured revolving credit facility was included in deferred costs, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
    Amortization expense related to deferred leasing costs and acquired deferred leasing costs was $6.1 million and $11.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $7.3 million and $14.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. Amortization expense related to acquired lease intangibles was $2.3 million and $4.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $4.1 million and $8.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.
    Amortizing acquired intangible assets and liabilities consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Acquired below-market ground leases$396,916 $396,916 
Less: accumulated amortization(71,759)(67,843)
Acquired below-market ground leases, net$325,157 $329,073 
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Acquired below-market leases$(63,831)$(64,656)
Less: accumulated amortization48,551 46,807 
Acquired below-market leases, net$(15,280)$(17,849)
    Rental revenue related to the amortization of below-market leases, net of above-market leases, was $0.7 million and $1.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $1.7 million and $3.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.
     As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had goodwill of $491.5 million. Goodwill was allocated $227.5 million to the observatory reportable segment and $264.0 million to the real estate reportable segment.
    From the quarter ended June 30, 2020 through our annual goodwill testing in October 2022, we bypassed the optional qualitative goodwill impairment assessment and proceeded directly to a quantitative assessment of the observatory reportable segment and engaged a third-party valuation consulting firm to perform the valuation process. This was done in response to the temporary closure of our observatory due to the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent slow increase in visitors due to continued pandemic-related restrictions impacting tourism and international travel. The quantitative analysis used a combination of the discounted cash flow method (a form of the income approach) utilizing Level 3 unobservable inputs and the guideline company method (a form of the market approach). Significant assumptions under the former included revenue and cost projections, weighted average cost of capital, long-term growth rate and income tax considerations while the latter included guideline company enterprise values, revenue multiples and control premium rates. Our methodology to review goodwill impairment, which included a significant amount of judgment and estimates, provided a reasonable basis to determine whether impairment had occurred. Each quantitative analysis performed concluded the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value. For the quarter ended June 30, 2023, we performed an optional qualitative assessment and did not identify any events which
occurred between our last quantitative assessment and the current reporting date which would indicate, on a more likely than not basis, that the goodwill allocated to the reporting unit was impaired. Many of the factors employed in determining whether or not goodwill is impaired are outside of our control, and it is reasonably likely that assumptions and estimates will change in future periods. We will continue to assess the impairment of the observatory reporting unit goodwill going forward.
v3.23.2
Debt
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Debt Debt
    Debt consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Principal BalanceAs of June 30, 2023
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022Stated
Rate
Effective
Rate
(1)
Maturity
Date
(2)
Mortgage debt collateralized by:
Fixed rate mortgage debt
Metro Center$81,344 $82,596 3.59 %3.67 %11/5/2024
10 Union Square50,000 50,000 3.70 %3.97 %4/1/2026
1542 Third Avenue30,000 30,000 4.29 %4.53 %5/1/2027
First Stamford Place(3)
177,347 178,823 4.28 %4.73 %7/1/2027
1010 Third Avenue and 77 West 55th Street35,399 35,831 4.01 %4.21 %1/5/2028
250 West 57th Street180,000 180,000 2.83 %3.21 %12/1/2030
1333 Broadway160,000 160,000 4.21 %4.29 %2/5/2033
345 East 94th Street - Series A(5)
43,600 43,600 
70.0% of SOFR plus 0.95%
3.56 %11/1/2030
345 East 94th Street - Series B(5)
7,544 7,865 
SOFR plus 2.24%
3.56 %11/1/2030
561 10th Avenue - Series A(5)
114,500 114,500 
70.0% of SOFR plus 1.07%
3.85 %11/1/2033
561 10th Avenue - Series B(5)
16,627 17,415 
SOFR plus 2.45%
3.85 %11/1/2033
Total mortgage debt896,361 900,630 
Senior unsecured notes:(4)
   Series A100,000 100,000 3.93 %3.96 %3/27/2025
   Series B125,000 125,000 4.09 %4.12 %3/27/2027
   Series C125,000 125,000 4.18 %4.21 %3/27/2030
   Series D115,000 115,000 4.08 %4.11 %1/22/2028
   Series E160,000 160,000 4.26 %4.27 %3/22/2030
   Series F175,000 175,000 4.44 %4.45 %3/22/2033
   Series G100,000 100,000 3.61 %4.89 %3/17/2032
   Series H75,000 75,000 3.73 %5.00 %3/17/2035
Unsecured term loan facility (4)
215,000 215,000 
SOFR plus 1.20%
4.22 %3/19/2025
Unsecured revolving credit facility (4)
— — 
SOFR plus 1.30%
— 3/31/2025
Unsecured term loan facility (4)
175,000 175,000 
SOFR plus 1.50%
4.51 %12/31/2026
Total principal2,261,361 2,265,630 
Deferred financing costs, net(10,619)(11,748)
Unamortized debt discount(7,354)(7,745)
Total$2,243,388 $2,246,137 
______________

(1)The effective rate is the yield as of June 30, 2023 and includes the stated interest rate, deferred financing cost amortization and interest associated with variable to fixed interest rate swap agreements.
(2)Pre-payment is generally allowed for each loan upon payment of a customary pre-payment penalty.
(3)Represents a $164 million mortgage loan bearing interest at 4.09% and a $13.3 million loan bearing interest at 6.25%.
(4)At June 30, 2023, we were in compliance with all debt covenants.
(5)As of May 18, 2023, the benchmark index rate was converted from LIBOR to SOFR, plus a benchmark adjustment of 11.4 basis points .
Principal Payments
    Aggregate required principal payments at June 30, 2023 are as follows (amounts in thousands):

YearAmortizationMaturitiesTotal
2023$4,363 $— $4,363 
20248,861 77,675 86,536 
20256,893 315,000 321,893 
20267,330 225,000 232,330 
20276,461 319,000 325,461 
Thereafter22,079 1,268,699 1,290,778 
Total $55,987 $2,205,374 $2,261,361 

Deferred Financing Costs
    Deferred financing costs, net, consisted of the following at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
 June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Financing costs$43,473 $43,473 
Less: accumulated amortization(28,931)(26,753)
Total deferred financing costs, net$14,542 $16,720 
    Amortization expense related to deferred financing costs was $1.1 million and $2.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $1.3 million and $2.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.

Unsecured Revolving Credit and Term Loan Facilities

    On August 29, 2022, through our Operating Partnership, we entered into a third amendment to our amended and restated credit agreement dated August 29, 2017 with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and the other lenders party thereto, which governs our senior unsecured revolving credit facility and term loan facility (collectively, the “BofA Credit Facility”). The BofA Credit Facility is in the initial maximum principal amount of up to $1.065 billion, which consists of an $850.0 million revolving credit facility that matures on March 31, 2025, and a $215.0 million term loan facility that matures on March 19, 2025. The third amendment revised the terms of the BofA Credit Facility to (i) replace LIBOR with SOFR given the phase-out of LIBOR and (ii) permit the addition of multifamily assets as Unencumbered Eligible Property (as defined therein) and add a capitalization rate for such assets. As of June 30, 2023, we had no borrowings under the revolving credit facility and $215.0 million under the term loan facility.

     On August 29, 2022, through our Operating Partnership, we entered into a second amendment to our credit agreement dated March 19, 2020 with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the other lenders party thereto, which governs a senior unsecured term loan facility (the “Wells Term Loan Facility”). The Wells Term Loan Facility is in the original principal amount of $175.0 million and matures on December 31, 2026. The second amendment revised the terms of the Wells Term Loan Facility to (i) replace LIBOR with SOFR given the phase-out of LIBOR and (ii) permit the addition of multifamily assets as Unencumbered Eligible Property (as defined therein) and add a capitalization rate for such assets. We may request the Wells Term Loan Facility be increased through one or more increases or the addition of new pari passu term loan tranches, for a maximum aggregate principal amount not to exceed $225 million. As of June 30, 2023, our borrowings amounted to $175.0 million under the Wells Term Loan Facility.

    The terms of both the BofA Credit Facility and the Wells Term Loan Facility include customary covenants, including limitations on liens, investment, distributions, debt, fundamental changes, and transactions with affiliates and require certain customary financial reports. Both facilities also require compliance with financial ratios including a maximum leverage ratio, a maximum secured leverage ratio, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, a minimum unencumbered interest coverage ratio, and a maximum unsecured leverage ratio. The agreements governing both facilities also contain customary events of default (subject in certain cases to specified cure periods), including but not limited to non-payment, breach of covenants, representations or warranties, cross defaults, bankruptcy or other insolvency events, judgments, ERISA events, invalidity of
loan documents, loss of real estate investment trust qualification, and occurrence of a change of control. As of June 30, 2023, we were in compliance with these covenants.

Senior Unsecured Notes
    The terms of the senior unsecured notes include customary covenants, including limitations on liens, investment, distributions, debt, fundamental changes, and transactions with affiliates and require certain customary financial reports. It also requires compliance with financial ratios including a maximum leverage ratio, a maximum secured leverage ratio, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, a minimum unencumbered interest coverage ratio, and a maximum unsecured leverage ratio. The agreements also contain customary events of default (subject in certain cases to specified cure periods), including but not limited to non-payment, breach of covenants, representations or warranties, cross defaults, bankruptcy or other insolvency events, judgments, ERISA events, the occurrence of certain change of control transactions and loss of real estate investment trust qualification. As of June 30, 2023, we were in compliance with these covenants.
v3.23.2
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]  
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses
    Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Accrued capital expenditures$38,677 $44,293 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses29,468 32,927 
Accrued interest payable3,564 3,509 
     Total accounts payable and accrued expenses$71,709 $80,729 
v3.23.2
Financial Instruments and Fair Values
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Financial Instruments and Fair Values Financial Instruments and Fair Values
Derivative Financial Instruments
    We use derivative financial instruments primarily to manage interest rate risk and such derivatives are not considered speculative. These derivative instruments are typically in the form of interest rate swap and forward agreements, and the primary objective is to minimize interest rate risks associated with investing and financing activities. The counterparties of these arrangements are major financial institutions with which we may also have other financial relationships. We are exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by these counterparties; however, we currently do not anticipate that any of the counterparties will fail to meet their obligations.
We have agreements with our derivative counterparties that contain a provision where if we either default or are capable of being declared in default on any of our indebtedness, then we could also be declared in default on our derivative obligations. As of June 30, 2023, we did not have derivatives in a net liability position.

    As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had interest rate swaps and caps with an aggregate notional value of $574.0 million and $574.8 million, respectively. The notional value does not represent exposure to credit, interest rate or market risks. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair value of our derivative instruments in an asset position amounted to $19.4 million and $17.9 million, respectively, which is included in prepaid expenses and other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. These interest rate swaps have been designated as cash flow hedges and hedge the variability in future cash flows associated with our existing variable-rate term loan facilities. Interest rate caps not designated as hedges are not speculative and are used to manage our exposure to interest rate movements, but do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements.

    As of June 30, 2023 and 2022, our cash flow hedges are deemed highly effective and a net unrealized gain of $10.1 million and $3.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and a net unrealized gain of $12.8 million and $25.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, relating to both active and terminated hedges of interest rate risk, are reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the debt. We estimate that $8.5 million net gain of the current balance held in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) will be reclassified into interest expense within the next 12 months.
    The table below summarizes the terms of agreements and the fair values of our derivative financial instruments as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):     
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
DerivativeNotional AmountReceive RatePay RateEffective DateExpiration DateAssetLiabilityAssetLiability
Interest rate swap$36,820 
70% of 1 Month SOFR
2.5000%December 1, 2021November 1, 2030$364 $— $256 $— 
Interest rate swap103,790 
70% of 1 Month SOFR
2.5000%December 1, 2021November 1, 2033375 — 365 — 
Interest rate swap10,710 
70% of 1 Month SOFR
1.7570%December 1, 2021November 1, 2033626 — 643 — 
Interest rate swap16,761 1 Month SOFR2.2540%December 1, 2021November 1, 20301,067 — 1,070 — 
Interest rate cap6,780 
70% of 1 Month SOFR
4.5000%December 1, 2021October 1, 2024— — 
Interest rate cap9,188 1 Month SOFR5.5000%December 1, 2021October 1, 202428 — 26 — 
Interest rate swap175,000 SOFR Compound2.5620%August 31, 2022December 31, 20268,961 — 8,040 — 
Interest rate swap107,500 SOFR Compound2.6260%August 19, 2022March 19, 20253,967 — 3,766 — 
Interest rate swap107,500 SOFR OIS Compound2.6280%August 19, 2022March 19, 20253,969 — 3,762 — 
$19,361 $— $17,936 $— 
    The table below shows the effect of our derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges on accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):    
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
Effects of Cash Flow HedgesJune 30, 2023June 30, 2022June 30, 2023June 30, 2022
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)$11,935 $10,057 $6,533 $19,819 
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into interest expense1,882 (2,741)3,154 (6,036)
    The table below shows the effect of our derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
Effects of Cash Flow HedgesJune 30, 2023June 30, 2022June 30, 2023June 30, 2022
Total interest expense presented in the condensed consolidated statements of operations in which the effects of cash flow hedges are recorded$(25,405)$(25,042)$(50,709)$(50,056)
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into interest expense1,882 (2,741)3,154 (6,036)
Fair Valuation

    The estimated fair values at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were determined by management, using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and develop estimated fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts we could realize on disposition of the financial instruments. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

    The fair value of derivative instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. Although the majority of the inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by ourselves and our counterparties. The impact of such credit valuation adjustments, determined based on the fair value of each individual contract, was not significant to the overall valuation. As a result, all our derivatives were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
    The fair values of our mortgage notes payable, senior unsecured notes (Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H), unsecured term loan facilities and unsecured revolving credit facility which are determined using Level 3 inputs are estimated by discounting the future cash flows using current interest rates at which similar borrowings could be made by us.

    The following tables summarize the carrying and estimated fair values of our financial instruments as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
June 30, 2023
Estimated Fair Value
Carrying
Value
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Interest rate swaps included in prepaid expenses and other assets$19,329 $19,329 $— $19,329 $— 
Interest rate swaps included in accounts payable and accrued expenses— — — — — 
Mortgage notes payable880,592 765,621 — — 765,621 
Senior unsecured notes - Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H973,768 870,173 — — 870,173 
Unsecured term loan facilities389,028 390,000 — — 390,000 
    
December 31, 2022
Estimated Fair Value
Carrying
Value
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Interest rate swaps included in prepaid expenses and other assets$17,936 $17,936 $— $17,936 $— 
Mortgage notes payable883,705 783,648 — — 783,648 
Senior unsecured notes - Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H973,659 865,292 — — 865,292 
Unsecured term loan facilities388,773 390,000 — — 390,000 
    Disclosure about the fair value of financial instruments is based on pertinent information available to us as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Although we are not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the reasonable fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since that date and current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.
v3.23.2
Leases
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases
Lessor    
    We lease various spaces to tenants over terms ranging from one to 22 years. Certain leases have renewal options for additional terms. The leases provide for base monthly rentals and reimbursements for real estate taxes, escalations linked to the consumer price index or common area maintenance known as operating expense escalation. Operating expense reimbursements are reflected in our June 30, 2023 and 2022 condensed consolidated statements of operations as rental revenue.

Rental revenue includes fixed and variable payments. Fixed payments primarily relate to base rent and variable payments primarily relate to tenant expense reimbursements for certain property operating costs. The components of rental revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows (amounts in thousands):

Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
Rental revenueJune 30, 2023June 30, 2022June 30, 2023June 30, 2022
Fixed payments$138,318 $134,794 $262,882 $268,195 
Variable payments16,285 14,545 31,812 28,658 
Total rental revenue$154,603 $149,339 $294,694 $296,853 
As of June 30, 2023, we were entitled to the following future contractual minimum lease payments (excluding operating expense reimbursements) on non-cancellable operating leases to be received which expire on various dates through 2040 (amounts in thousands):
Remainder of 2023$246,802 
2024504,657 
2025484,668 
2026438,662 
2027419,474 
Thereafter1,963,143 
$4,057,406 
The above future minimum lease payments exclude tenant recoveries and the net accretion of above and below-market lease intangibles. Some leases are subject to termination options generally upon payment of a termination fee. The preceding table is prepared assuming such options are not exercised.
On March 12, 2023, Signature Bank, a tenant at 1400 Broadway and 1333 Broadway, was closed by the New York State Department of Financial Services, which appointed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) as receiver. On March 20, 2023, Flagstar Bank, N.A. (“Flagstar”), a wholly owned subsidiary of New York Community Bancorp, Inc., assumed substantially all of the deposits and certain loan portfolios of Signature Bank.

As of March 31, 2023, Flagstar had not yet assumed or rejected our leases, and our assessment of collectability of the remaining lease payments due to us in accordance with ASC 842-30-25-13 caused us to record a $6.4 million reserve on Signature Bank’s straight-line rent receivable balance. On May 18, 2023, Flagstar assumed the entire 313,109 square foot lease at 1400 Broadway under the same terms through 2039, with the exception of an approximate $3 per square foot reduction for the first five years of the lease amendment. As such, we reversed $5.8 million of the $6.4 million reserve taken in the first quarter of 2023 and resumed accounting for this tenant on a straight-line basis.

On May 1, 2023, First Republic Bank, a tenant of 14,430 square feet of retail space in the base of One Grand Central Place was closed by the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation and the FDIC was appointed as the receiver. JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association agreed to assume all of the deposits and to purchase substantially all of the assets of First Republic Bank. The FDIC has until September 28, 2023 to assume or reject our lease at One Grand Central Place. Although this tenant is current on its rental obligations to us, as of June 30, 2023, we maintain a $0.2 million reserve on First Republic Bank’s straight-line rent receivable balance.

Lessee
    We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Our operating lease agreements relate to three ground lease assets and are reflected in right-of-use assets of $28.6 million and lease liabilities of $28.6 million in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2023. Right-of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Variable lease payments are excluded from the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities and are recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred.
    The ground leases are due to expire between the years 2050 and 2077, inclusive of extension options, and have no variable payments or residual value guarantees. As our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we determined our incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the date of adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), in determining the present value of lease payments. The weighted average incremental borrowing rate used to calculate the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as of June 30, 2023 was 4.5%. Rent expense for lease payments related to our operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the non-cancellable term of the leases. The weighted average remaining lease term as of June 30, 2023 was 46.9 years.
    As of June 30, 2023, the following table summarizes our future minimum lease payments discounted by our incremental borrowing rates to calculate the lease liabilities of our leases (amounts in thousands):
Remainder of 2023$759 
20241,518 
20251,518 
20261,503 
20271,482 
Thereafter62,277 
Total undiscounted cash flows69,057 
Present value discount(40,503)
Ground lease liabilities$28,554 
Leases Leases
Lessor    
    We lease various spaces to tenants over terms ranging from one to 22 years. Certain leases have renewal options for additional terms. The leases provide for base monthly rentals and reimbursements for real estate taxes, escalations linked to the consumer price index or common area maintenance known as operating expense escalation. Operating expense reimbursements are reflected in our June 30, 2023 and 2022 condensed consolidated statements of operations as rental revenue.

Rental revenue includes fixed and variable payments. Fixed payments primarily relate to base rent and variable payments primarily relate to tenant expense reimbursements for certain property operating costs. The components of rental revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows (amounts in thousands):

Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
Rental revenueJune 30, 2023June 30, 2022June 30, 2023June 30, 2022
Fixed payments$138,318 $134,794 $262,882 $268,195 
Variable payments16,285 14,545 31,812 28,658 
Total rental revenue$154,603 $149,339 $294,694 $296,853 
As of June 30, 2023, we were entitled to the following future contractual minimum lease payments (excluding operating expense reimbursements) on non-cancellable operating leases to be received which expire on various dates through 2040 (amounts in thousands):
Remainder of 2023$246,802 
2024504,657 
2025484,668 
2026438,662 
2027419,474 
Thereafter1,963,143 
$4,057,406 
The above future minimum lease payments exclude tenant recoveries and the net accretion of above and below-market lease intangibles. Some leases are subject to termination options generally upon payment of a termination fee. The preceding table is prepared assuming such options are not exercised.
On March 12, 2023, Signature Bank, a tenant at 1400 Broadway and 1333 Broadway, was closed by the New York State Department of Financial Services, which appointed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) as receiver. On March 20, 2023, Flagstar Bank, N.A. (“Flagstar”), a wholly owned subsidiary of New York Community Bancorp, Inc., assumed substantially all of the deposits and certain loan portfolios of Signature Bank.

As of March 31, 2023, Flagstar had not yet assumed or rejected our leases, and our assessment of collectability of the remaining lease payments due to us in accordance with ASC 842-30-25-13 caused us to record a $6.4 million reserve on Signature Bank’s straight-line rent receivable balance. On May 18, 2023, Flagstar assumed the entire 313,109 square foot lease at 1400 Broadway under the same terms through 2039, with the exception of an approximate $3 per square foot reduction for the first five years of the lease amendment. As such, we reversed $5.8 million of the $6.4 million reserve taken in the first quarter of 2023 and resumed accounting for this tenant on a straight-line basis.

On May 1, 2023, First Republic Bank, a tenant of 14,430 square feet of retail space in the base of One Grand Central Place was closed by the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation and the FDIC was appointed as the receiver. JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association agreed to assume all of the deposits and to purchase substantially all of the assets of First Republic Bank. The FDIC has until September 28, 2023 to assume or reject our lease at One Grand Central Place. Although this tenant is current on its rental obligations to us, as of June 30, 2023, we maintain a $0.2 million reserve on First Republic Bank’s straight-line rent receivable balance.

Lessee
    We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Our operating lease agreements relate to three ground lease assets and are reflected in right-of-use assets of $28.6 million and lease liabilities of $28.6 million in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2023. Right-of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Variable lease payments are excluded from the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities and are recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred.
    The ground leases are due to expire between the years 2050 and 2077, inclusive of extension options, and have no variable payments or residual value guarantees. As our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we determined our incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the date of adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), in determining the present value of lease payments. The weighted average incremental borrowing rate used to calculate the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as of June 30, 2023 was 4.5%. Rent expense for lease payments related to our operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the non-cancellable term of the leases. The weighted average remaining lease term as of June 30, 2023 was 46.9 years.
    As of June 30, 2023, the following table summarizes our future minimum lease payments discounted by our incremental borrowing rates to calculate the lease liabilities of our leases (amounts in thousands):
Remainder of 2023$759 
20241,518 
20251,518 
20261,503 
20271,482 
Thereafter62,277 
Total undiscounted cash flows69,057 
Present value discount(40,503)
Ground lease liabilities$28,554 
v3.23.2
Commitments and Contingencies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Proceedings
    
Except as described below, as of June 30, 2023, we were not involved in any material litigation, nor, to our knowledge, was any material litigation threatened against us or our properties, other than routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of business such as disputes with tenants. We believe that the costs and related liabilities, if any, which may result from such actions will not materially affect our condensed consolidated financial position, operating results or liquidity.

    As previously disclosed, in October 2014, 12 former investors (the "Claimants") in Empire State Building Associates L.L.C. (“ESBA”), which, prior to the IPO, owned the fee title to the Empire State Building, filed an arbitration claim with the American Arbitration Association against Peter L. Malkin, Anthony E. Malkin, Thomas N. Keltner, Jr., and our subsidiary ESRT MH Holdings LLC, the former supervisor of ESBA (the "Respondents"). The Statement of Claim (also filed later in federal court in New York for the expressed purpose of tolling the statute of limitations) alleged breach of fiduciary duty and related claims in connection with the IPO and formation transactions and sought monetary damages and declaratory relief. The Claimants had opted out of a prior class action bringing similar claims that were settled with court approval. The Respondents filed an answer and counterclaims. In March 2015, the federal court action was stayed on consent of all parties pending the arbitration. Arbitration hearings started in May 2016 and concluded in August 2018. On August 26, 2020, the arbitration panel issued an award that denied all Claimants’ claims with one exception, on which it awarded the Claimants approximately $1.2 million, inclusive of seven years of interest through October 2, 2020. This amount was recorded as an IPO litigation expense in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Respondents believe that such award in favor of the Claimants is entirely without merit and, in an action filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, sought to vacate that portion of the award. On September 27, 2021, the court denied the Respondents' motion to vacate and entered judgement in the aforementioned amount, inclusive of accumulated interest. The Respondents have appealed that ruling. On May 10, 2022, the Respondents moved to dismiss the appeal and judgment on the grounds that a recent decision of the United States Supreme Court held that the federal courts have no subject matter jurisdiction over the case. The Claimants opposed the motion. On April 20, 2023, the federal appeals court granted the motion and the federal court action challenging the award was dismissed. On April 21, 2023, the Respondents filed a petition to vacate in part and otherwise confirm in New York State court. On April 28, 2023, the Claimants filed a motion to confirm in that same court. On July 31, 2023, the New York State court denied the Respondents’ petition to vacate in part and confirmed the award. The Respondents believe that ruling is incorrect and are considering their options with respect thereto. In addition, certain of the Claimants in the federal court action sought to pursue claims in that case against the Respondents. The Respondents believe that any such claims are meritless. The magistrate judge assigned to the action has issued a Report and Recommendation rejecting the Claimants’ claims; the district judge will decide whether to adopt the Report and Recommendation.

     Pursuant to indemnification agreements which were made with our directors, executive officers and chairman emeritus as part of our formation transactions, Anthony E. Malkin, Peter L. Malkin and Thomas N. Keltner, Jr., our former general counsel, have defense and indemnity rights from us with respect to this arbitration.
Unfunded Capital Expenditures

    At June 30, 2023, we estimate that we will incur approximately $138.4 million of capital expenditures (including tenant improvements and leasing commissions) on our properties pursuant to existing lease agreements. We expect to fund these capital expenditures with operating cash flow, additional property level mortgage financings, our unsecured credit facility, cash on hand and other borrowings. Future property acquisitions may require substantial capital investments for refurbishment and leasing costs. We expect that these financing requirements will be met in a similar fashion.
Concentration of Credit Risk
    Financial instruments that subject us to credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, tenant and other receivables and deferred rent receivables. At June 30, 2023, we held on deposit at various major financial institutions cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash balances in excess of amounts insured by the FDIC.
Asset Retirement Obligations
    We are required to accrue costs that we are legally obligated to incur on retirement of our properties which result from acquisition, construction, development and/or normal operation of such properties. Retirement includes sale, abandonment or disposal of a property. Under that standard, a conditional asset retirement obligation represents a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing and/or method of settlement is conditional on a future event that may or may not be within a company’s control and a liability for a conditional asset retirement obligation must be recorded if the fair value of the obligation can be reasonably estimated. Environmental site assessments and investigations have identified asbestos or asbestos-containing building materials in certain of our properties. As of June 30, 2023, management has no plans to remove or alter these properties in a manner that would trigger federal and other applicable regulations for asbestos removal, and accordingly, the obligations to remove the asbestos or asbestos-containing building materials from these properties have indeterminable settlement dates. As such, we are unable to reasonably estimate the fair value of the associated conditional asset retirement obligation. However, ongoing asbestos abatement, maintenance programs and other required documentation are carried out as required and related costs are expensed as incurred.
Other Environmental Matters
    Certain of our properties have been inspected for soil contamination due to pollutants, which may have occurred prior to our ownership of these properties or subsequently in connection with its development and/or its use. Required remediation to such properties has been completed, other than our post-closing obligations for remediation at our previously owned Westport retail assets, as discussed in more detail in our Annual Report, and at our previously owned 500 Mamaroneck property as discussed in “Financial Statements - Note 3. Acquisitions and Dispositions.” As of June 30, 2023, with the exception of these three assets, management believes that there are no obligations related to environmental remediation other than maintaining the affected sites in conformity with the relevant authority’s mandates and filing the required documents. All such maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. We expect that resolution of the environmental matters relating to the above will not have a material impact on our business, assets, consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. However, we cannot be certain that we have identified all environmental liabilities at our properties, that all necessary remediation actions have been or will be undertaken at our properties or that we will be indemnified, in full or at all, in the event that such environmental liabilities arise.
Insurance Coverage
    We carry insurance coverage on our properties of types and in amounts with deductibles that we believe are in line with coverage customarily obtained by owners of similar properties.
v3.23.2
Equity
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Equity [Abstract]  
Equity Equity
Shares and Units
    An operating partnership unit of the Operating Partnership ("OP Unit") and a share of our common stock have essentially the same economic characteristics as they receive the same per unit profit distributions of the Operating Partnership. On the one-year anniversary of issuance, an OP Unit may be tendered for redemption for cash; however, we have sole and absolute discretion, and sufficient authorized common stock, to exchange OP Units for shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis instead of cash.
    On May 16, 2019, our shareholders approved the Empire State Realty Trust, Inc. Empire State Realty OP, L.P. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) and replaced the First Amended and Restated Empire State Realty Trust, Inc. and Empire State Realty OP, L.P. 2013 Equity Incentive Plan ("2013 Plan", and collectively with the 2019 Plan, the "Plans").  The 2019 Plan provides for grants to directors, employees and consultants of our Company and the Operating Partnership, including options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance awards, dividend equivalents and other equity-based awards.  An aggregate of approximately 11.0 million shares of our common stock are authorized for issuance under awards granted pursuant to the 2019 Plan. We will not issue any new equity awards under the 2013 Plan. The shares of Class A common stock underlying any awards under the Plans that are forfeited, canceled or otherwise terminated, other than by exercise, will be added back to the shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under the 2019 Plan. Shares
tendered or held back upon exercise of a stock option or settlement of an award under the Plans to cover the exercise price or tax withholding and shares subject to a stock appreciation right that are not issued in connection with the stock settlement of the stock appreciation right upon exercise thereof, will not be added back to the shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under the 2019 Plan. In addition, shares of Class A common stock repurchased on the open market will not be added back to the shares of Class A common stock available for issuance under the 2019 Plan.
    
Long-term incentive plan ("LTIP") units are a special class of partnership interests in the Operating Partnership. Each LTIP unit awarded will be deemed equivalent to an award of one share of stock under the Plans, reducing the availability for other equity awards on a one-for-one basis.

    The vesting period for LTIP units, if any, will be determined at the time of issuance. Under the terms of the LTIP units, the Operating Partnership will revalue for tax purposes its assets upon the occurrence of certain specified capital events, and any increase in valuation from the time of one such event to the next such event will be allocated first to the holders of LTIP units to equalize the capital accounts of such holders with the capital accounts of Operating Partnership unitholders (the "OP unitholders"). Subject to any agreed upon exceptions, once vested and having achieved parity with OP unitholders, LTIP units are convertible into OP Units in the Operating Partnership on a one-for-one basis.
     LTIP units subject to time-based vesting, whether vested or not, receive per unit distributions as OP units, which equal per share dividends (both regular and special) on our common stock. Market and performance-based LTIPs receive 10% of such distributions currently, unless and until such LTIP units are earned based on performance, at which time they will receive the accrued and unpaid 90% and will commence receiving 100% of such distributions thereafter.

    As of June 30, 2023, there were 159,842,614 shares of Class A common stock, 988,180 shares of Class B common stock and 110,086,858 OP Units outstanding. The REIT has a 59.4% controlling interest in the OP and the remaining 40.6% noncontrolling interest in the OP is owned by other limited partners, including Company directors, members of senior management and other employees. We have two classes of common stock as a means to give our OP Unit holders voting rights in the public company that correspond to their economic interest in the combined entity. A one-time option was created at our formation transactions for any pre-IPO OP Unit holder to exchange one OP Unit out of every 50 OP Units they owned for one Class B share, and such Class B share carries 50 votes.

Stock and Publicly Traded Operating Partnership Unit Repurchase Program
    Our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $500 million of our Class A common stock and the Operating Partnership’s Series ES, Series 250 and Series 60 operating partnership units from January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2023. Under the program, we may purchase our Class A common stock and the Operating Partnership’s Series ES, Series 250 and Series 60 operating partnership units in accordance with applicable securities laws from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases will be determined by us and will be subject to stock price, availability, trading volume, general market conditions, and applicable securities laws. The authorization does not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of securities, and the program may be suspended or discontinued at our discretion without prior notice.

The following table summarizes our purchases of equity securities in each of the three months ended June 30, 2023:
PeriodTotal Number of Shares PurchasedWeighted Average Price Paid per ShareMaximum Approximate Dollar Value Available for Future Purchase (in thousands)
April 1 - April 30, 20231,214,770 $6.09 $396,736 
May 1 - May 31, 20232,700 $6.00 $396,720 
June 1 - June 30, 2023— $— $396,720 
Private Perpetual Preferred Units
    As of June 30, 2023, there were 4,664,038 Series 2019 Preferred Units ("Series 2019 Preferred Units") and 1,560,360 Series 2014 Private Perpetual Preferred Units ("Series 2014 Preferred Units") outstanding. The Series 2019 Preferred Units have a liquidation preference of $13.52 per unit and are entitled to receive cumulative preferential annual cash distributions of $0.70 per unit payable in arrears on a quarterly basis. The Series 2014 Preferred Units which have a liquidation preference of $16.62 per unit and are entitled to receive cumulative preferential annual cash distributions of $0.60 per unit payable in arrears
on a quarterly basis. Both series are not redeemable at the option of the holders and are redeemable at our option only in the case of specific defined events.

Dividends and Distributions

    Total dividends paid to common stockholders were $5.6 million and $11.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $5.8 million and $11.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. Total distributions paid to OP unitholders were $3.8 million and $6.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $3.9 million and $7.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. Total distributions paid to preferred unitholders were $1.1 million and $2.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $1.1 million and $2.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.

Incentive and Share-Based Compensation
    The Plans provide for grants to directors, employees and consultants consisting of stock options, restricted stock, dividend equivalents, stock payments, performance shares, LTIP units, stock appreciation rights and other incentive awards. An aggregate of 11.0 million shares of our common stock is authorized for issuance under awards granted pursuant to the 2019 Plan, and as of June 30, 2023, 4.2 million shares of common stock remain available for future issuance.
Annually, we make grants of LTIP units to our non-employee directors under the 2019 Plan. In May 2023, each of our directors received 60% of their $200,000 annual base retainer in the form of equity vesting ratably over four years, and could elect to receive the remaining 40% of such base retainer in (i) cash at the face value of the award, (ii) immediately vesting equity at the face value of the award, or (iii) equity vesting ratably over three years at 120% of the face amount. Each director could elect to receive any equity portion of the base retainer in either (i) LTIP units or (ii) restricted shares of our Class A common stock. In accordance with each director's election, in May 2023, we granted a total of 237,856 LTIP units that are subject to time-based vesting with fair market values of $1.2 million. The LTIP units vest ratably over three or four years from the date of the grant, based on grantee election, subject generally to the director's continued service on our Board of Directors.

Share-based compensation for time-based equity awards is measured at the fair value of the award on the date of grant and recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the shorter of (i) the stated vesting period, which is generally three, four or five years, or (ii) the period from the date of grant to the date the employee becomes retirement eligible, which may occur upon grant. An employee is retirement eligible when the employee attains the (i) age of 65 for awards granted in 2020 and after and age of 60 for awards granted before 2020 and (ii) the date on which the employee has first completed ten years of continuous service with us or our affiliates. Share-based compensation for market-based equity awards and performance-based equity awards is measured at the fair value of the award on the date of grant and recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over three or four years. Additionally, for the performance-based equity awards, we assess, at each reporting period, whether it is probable that the performance conditions will be satisfied. We recognize expense respective to the number of awards we expect to vest at the conclusion of the measurement period. Changes in estimate are accounted for in the period of change through a cumulative catch-up adjustment.

For the market-based LTIP units, the fair value of the awards was estimated using a Monte Carlo Simulation model and discounted for the restriction period during which the LTIP units cannot be redeemed or transferred and the uncertainty regarding if, and when, the book capital account of the LTIP units will equal that of the common units. Our stock price, along with the prices of the comparative indexes, is assumed to follow the Geometric Brownian Motion Process. Geometric Brownian Motion is a common assumption when modeling in financial markets, as it allows the modeled quantity (in this case the stock price) to vary randomly from its current value and take any value greater than zero. The volatilities of the returns on our stock price and the comparative indexes were estimated based on implied volatilities and historical volatilities using an appropriate look-back period. The expected growth rate of the stock prices over the performance period is determined with consideration of the risk-free rate as of the grant date. For LTIP unit awards that are time or performance based, the fair value of the awards was estimated based on the fair value of our stock at the grant date discounted for the restriction period during which the LTIP units cannot be redeemed or transferred and the uncertainty regarding if, and when, the book capital account of the LTIP units will equal that of the common units. For restricted stock awards, the fair value of the awards is based on the market price of our stock at the grant date.

LTIP units and restricted stock issued during the six months ended June 30, 2023 were valued at $21.4 million. The weighted average per unit or share fair value was $5.65 for grants issued for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The fair value per unit or share granted in 2023 was estimated on the respective dates of grant using the following assumptions: an expected life from 2.0 to 5.3 years, a dividend rate of 1.7%, a risk-free interest rate from 4.4% to 5.0%, and an expected price volatility from 35.0% to 46.0%. No other stock options, dividend equivalents, or stock appreciation rights were issued or outstanding as of June 30, 2023.
    The following is a summary of restricted stock and LTIP unit activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023:
Restricted StockTime-based LTIPsMarket-based LTIPsPerformance-based LTIPsWeighted Average Grant Fair Value
Unvested balance at December 31, 2022359,293 2,713,522 4,070,537 510,989 $6.69 
Vested(106,910)(1,146,682)(311,815)(1,222)7.66 
Granted370,465 1,693,689 946,398 771,180 5.65 
Forfeited or unearned(8,413)— (1,692,910)(2,751)4.29 
Unvested balance at June 30, 2023614,435 3,260,529 3,012,210 1,278,196 6.52 
    The time-based LTIPs and restricted stock awards are treated for accounting purposes as immediately vested upon the later of (i) the date the grantee attains the age of 60 or 65, as applicable, and (ii) the date on which grantee has first completed ten years of continuous service with our Company or its affiliates. For award agreements that qualify, we recognize noncash compensation expense on the grant date for the time-based awards and ratably over the vesting period for the market-based and performance-based awards, and accordingly, we recognized $1.0 million and $1.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.6 million and $1.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. Unrecognized compensation expense was $3.9 million at June 30, 2023, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.6 years.
    For the remainder of the LTIP unit and restricted stock awards, we recognize noncash compensation expense ratably over the vesting period, and accordingly, we recognized noncash compensation expense of $4.4 million and $8.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $5.4 million and $8.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. Unrecognized compensation expense was $32.3 million at June 30, 2023, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.7 years.
Earnings Per Share
Earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 is computed as follows (amounts in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 30, 2023June 30, 2022June 30, 2023June 30, 2022
Numerator - Basic:
Net income$36,955 $48,695 $48,649 $31,474 
Private perpetual preferred unit distributions(1,051)(1,051)(2,101)(2,101)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests(14,050)(18,065)(18,175)(11,083)
Earnings allocated to unvested shares— (64)— (71)
Net income attributable to common stockholders – basic$21,854 $29,515 $28,373 $18,219 
Numerator - Diluted:
Net income$36,955 $48,695 $48,649 $31,474 
Private perpetual preferred unit distributions(1,051)(1,051)(2,101)(2,101)
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interests in other partnerships(1)159 42 222 
Earnings allocated to unvested shares— (64)— (71)
Net income attributable to common stockholders – diluted$35,903 $47,739 $46,590 $29,524 
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic160,028 167,118 160,669 168,099 
Operating partnership units102,875 102,960 103,025 103,735 
Effect of dilutive securities:
   Stock-based compensation plans1,293 1,042 
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted264,196 270,085 264,736 271,837 
Earnings per share:
Basic$0.14 $0.18 $0.18 $0.11 
Diluted$0.14 $0.18 $0.18 $0.11 
    There were zero antidilutive shares and LTIP units for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and 603 and 398 antidilutive shares and LTIP units for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.
v3.23.2
Related Party Transactions
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions Related Party Transactions
Supervisory Fee Revenue
    We earned supervisory fees from entities affiliated with Anthony E. Malkin, our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, of $0.3 million and $0.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.3 million and $0.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. These fees are included within third-party management and other fees.
Property Management Fee Revenue
    We earned property management fees from entities affiliated with Anthony E. Malkin of $0.05 million and $0.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. These fees are included within third-party management and other fees.
Other
    We receive rent generally at the market rental rate for 5,447 square feet of leased space from entities affiliated with Anthony E. Malkin at one of our properties. Under the lease, the tenant has the right to cancel such lease without special payment on 90 days’ notice. We also have a shared use agreement with such tenant, to occupy a portion of the leased premises as the office location for Peter L. Malkin, our chairman emeritus and employee, utilizing approximately 15% of the space, for which we pay to such tenant an allocable pro rata share of the cost. We also have agreements with these entities and excluded properties and businesses to provide them with general computer-related support services. Total aggregate revenue was $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.
As disclosed in greater detail in our Annual Report, in connection with the sale of our Westport retail assets in February 2023, we advanced a loan to the buyer to facilitate closing with a principal amount of $0.6 million, which bears interest at SOFR plus 3.5% and requires repayment of principal to the extent of available cash flow of the property. As of June 30, 2023, the amount outstanding under the loan is $0.1 million.
v3.23.2
Segment Reporting
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Reporting Segment Reporting
    We have identified two reportable segments: (1) real estate and (2) observatory. Our real estate segment includes all activities related to the ownership, management, operation, acquisition, redevelopment, repositioning and disposition of our traditional real estate assets. Our observatory segment includes the operation of the 86th and 102nd floor observatories at the Empire State Building. These two lines of businesses are managed separately because each business requires different support infrastructures, provides different services and has dissimilar economic characteristics such as investments needed, stream of revenues and marketing strategies. We account for intersegment sales and rents as if the sales or rents were to third parties, that is, at current market prices.

The following tables provide components of segment net income (loss) for each segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Real EstateObservatoryIntersegment EliminationTotal
Revenues:
Rental revenue$154,603 $— $— $154,603 
Intercompany rental revenue20,942 — (20,942)— 
Observatory revenue— 33,433 — 33,433 
Third-party management and other fees381 — — 381 
Other revenue and fees2,125 — — 2,125 
Total revenues178,051 33,433 (20,942)190,542 
Operating expenses:
Property operating expenses39,519 — — 39,519 
Intercompany rent expense— 20,942 (20,942)— 
Ground rent expenses2,332 — — 2,332 
General and administrative expenses16,075 — — 16,075 
Observatory expenses— 8,657 — 8,657 
Real estate taxes31,490 — — 31,490 
Depreciation and amortization46,237 43 — 46,280 
Total operating expenses135,653 29,642 (20,942)144,353 
Total operating income42,398 3,791 — 46,189 

Other income (expense):
Interest income3,289 50 — 3,339 
Interest expense(25,405)— — (25,405)
Gain on disposition of property13,565 — — 13,565 
 Income before income taxes33,847 3,841 — 37,688 
Income tax expense(197)(536)— (733)
Net income$33,650 $3,305 $— $36,955 
Segment assets$3,928,943 $255,825 $— $4,184,768 
Expenditures for segment assets$32,908 $— $— $32,908 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Real EstateObservatoryIntersegment EliminationTotal
Revenues:
Rental revenue$149,339 $— $— $149,339 
Intercompany rental revenue17,109 — (17,109)— 
Observatory revenue— 27,368 — 27,368 
Lease termination fees18,859 — — 18,859 
Third-party management and other fees326 — — 326 
Other revenue and fees2,130 — — 2,130 
Total revenues187,763 27,368 (17,109)198,022 
Operating expenses:
Property operating expenses37,433 — — 37,433 
Intercompany rent expense— 17,109 (17,109)— 
Ground rent expense2,332 — — 2,332 
General and administrative expenses15,876 — — 15,876 
Observatory expenses— 7,776 — 7,776 
Real estate taxes29,802 — — 29,802 
Depreciation and amortization58,254 50 — 58,304 
Total operating expenses143,697 24,935 (17,109)151,523 
Total operating income44,066 2,433 — 46,499 

Other income (expense):
Interest income426 — 431 
Interest expense(25,042)— — (25,042)
Gain on disposition of property27,170 — — 27,170 
Income before income taxes46,620 2,438 — 49,058 
Income tax expense(38)(325)— (363)
Net income$46,582 $2,113 $— $48,695 
Segment assets$3,969,257 $247,974 $— $4,217,231 
Expenditures for segment assets$13,115 $— $— $13,115 
Six Months June 30, 2023
Real EstateObservatoryIntersegment EliminationTotal
Revenues:
Rental revenue294,694 — — $294,694 
Intercompany rental revenue36,856 — (36,856)— 
Observatory revenue— 55,587 — 55,587 
Third-party management and other fees808 — — 808 
Other revenue and fees4,075 — — 4,075 
Total revenues336,433 55,587 (36,856)355,164 
Operating expenses:
Property operating expenses81,563 — — 81,563 
Intercompany rent expense— 36,856 (36,856)— 
Ground rent expenses4,663 — — 4,663 
General and administrative expenses31,783 — — 31,783 
Observatory expenses— 16,512 — 16,512 
Real estate taxes63,278 — — 63,278 
Depreciation and amortization93,601 87 — 93,688 
Total operating expenses274,888 53,455 (36,856)291,487 
Total operating income61,545 2,132 — 63,677 

Other income (expense):
Interest income5,847 87 — 5,934 
Interest expense(50,709)— — (50,709)
Gain on disposition of property29,261 — — 29,261 
 Income before income taxes45,944 2,219 — 48,163 
Income tax (expense) benefit(395)881 — 486 
Net income$45,549 $3,100 $— $48,649 
Expenditures for segment assets35,576 58 — $35,634 
Six Months June 30, 2022
Real EstateObservatoryIntersegment EliminationTotal
Revenues:
Rental revenue296,853 — — $296,853 
Intercompany rental revenue27,729 — (27,729)— 
Observatory revenue— 40,609 — 40,609 
Lease termination fees20,032 — — 20,032 
Third-party management and other fees636 — — 636 
Other revenue and fees3,926 — — 3,926 
Total revenues349,176 40,609 (27,729)362,056 
Operating expenses:
Property operating expenses76,077 — — 76,077 
Intercompany rent expense— 27,729 (27,729)— 
Ground rent expenses4,663 — — 4,663 
General and administrative expenses29,562 — — 29,562 
Observatory expenses— 13,991 — 13,991 
Real estate taxes59,806 — — 59,806 
Depreciation and amortization125,325 85 — 125,410 
Total operating expenses295,433 41,805 (27,729)309,509 
Total operating income (loss)53,743 (1,196)— 52,547 

Other income (expense):
Interest income575 — 580 
Interest expense(50,056)— — (50,056)
Gain on disposition of property27,170 — — 27,170 
 Income (loss) before income taxes31,432 (1,191)— 30,241 
Income tax (expense) benefit(182)1,415 — 1,233 
Net income$31,250 $224 $— $31,474 
Expenditures for segment assets51,999 291 — $52,290 
v3.23.2
Subsequent Events
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Subsequent Events [Abstract]  
Subsequent Events Subsequent EventsNone.
v3.23.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Quarterly Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"), for interim financial information, and with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements have been condensed or omitted in accordance with such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, all adjustments and eliminations (including intercompany balances and transactions), consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for the fair presentation of the financial statements have been included.
Principles of Consolidation The results of operations for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the corresponding full years. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and accompanying notes included in the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 contained in our Annual Report. Our observatory business is subject to seasonality based on tourism trends and the weather.
Principles of Consolidation for Variable Interest Entities We consolidate entities in which we have a controlling financial interest.  In determining whether we have a controlling financial interest in a partially owned entity and the requirement to consolidate the accounts of that entity, we consider factors such as ownership interest, board representation, management representation, authority to make decisions, and contractual and substantive participating rights of the partners/members.  For variable interest entities ("VIE"), we consolidate the entity if we are deemed to have a variable interest in the entity and through that interest we are deemed the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the entity that has (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could be significant to the VIE. The primary beneficiary is required to consolidate the VIE. The Operating Partnership is a VIE of ESRT. As the Operating Partnership is already consolidated in the financial statements of ESRT, the identification of this entity as a VIE has no impact on our consolidated financial statements. At December 31, 2022, the Operating Partnership was the primary beneficiary of a variable interest in the intermediary entity which held title to 298 Mulberry, the multifamily asset acquired in December 2022. The intermediary entity was utilized to execute a like-kind exchange and subsequent to March 31, 2023, the like-kind exchange was completed and the Operating Partnership took title to 298 Mulberry. Therefore, the Operating Partnership had no VIEs at June 30, 2023.    We will assess the accounting treatment for each investment we may have in the future. This assessment will include a review of each entity’s organizational agreement to determine which party has what rights and whether those rights are protective or participating. For all VIEs, we will review such agreements in order to determine which party has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and benefit. In situations where we or our partner could approve, among other things, the annual budget, or leases that cover more than a nominal amount of space relative to the total rentable space at each property, we would not consolidate the investment as we consider these to be substantive participation rights that result in shared power of the activities that would most significantly impact the performance and benefit of such joint venture investment.     A non-controlling interest in a consolidated subsidiary is defined as the portion of the equity (net assets) in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to a parent. Non-controlling interests are required to be presented as a separate component of equity in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and in the condensed consolidated statements of operations by requiring earnings and other comprehensive income to be attributed to controlling and non-controlling interests.
Accounting Estimates The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to use estimates and assumptions that in certain circumstances affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported revenues and expenses. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include allocation of the purchase price of acquired real estate properties among tangible and intangible assets, determination of the useful life of real estate properties and other long-lived assets, valuation and impairment analysis of commercial real estate properties, right of use assets and other long-lived and indefinite-lived assets, estimate of tenant expense reimbursements, valuation of the allowance for doubtful accounts, and valuation of derivative instruments, ground lease liabilities, senior unsecured notes, mortgage notes payable, unsecured term loan and revolving credit facilities, and equity-based compensation. These estimates are prepared using management’s best judgment, after considering past, current, and expected events and economic conditions. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Fair Valuation The estimated fair values at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were determined by management, using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and develop estimated fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts we could realize on disposition of the financial instruments. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.     The fair value of derivative instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. Although the majority of the inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by ourselves and our counterparties. The impact of such credit valuation adjustments, determined based on the fair value of each individual contract, was not significant to the overall valuation. As a result, all our derivatives were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.    The fair values of our mortgage notes payable, senior unsecured notes (Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H), unsecured term loan facilities and unsecured revolving credit facility which are determined using Level 3 inputs are estimated by discounting the future cash flows using current interest rates at which similar borrowings could be made by us.
v3.23.2
Deferred Costs, Acquired Lease Intangibles and Goodwill (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of deferred costs, net Deferred costs, net, consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):  
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Leasing costs$219,404 $218,707 
Acquired in-place lease value and deferred leasing costs159,356 160,683 
Acquired above-market leases25,880 27,833 
404,640 407,223 
Less: accumulated amortization(231,886)(223,246)
Total deferred costs, net, excluding net deferred financing costs$172,754 $183,977 
Deferred financing costs, net, consisted of the following at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
 June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Financing costs$43,473 $43,473 
Less: accumulated amortization(28,931)(26,753)
Total deferred financing costs, net$14,542 $16,720 
Schedule of amortizing acquired intangible assets and liabilities Amortizing acquired intangible assets and liabilities consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Acquired below-market ground leases$396,916 $396,916 
Less: accumulated amortization(71,759)(67,843)
Acquired below-market ground leases, net$325,157 $329,073 
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Acquired below-market leases$(63,831)$(64,656)
Less: accumulated amortization48,551 46,807 
Acquired below-market leases, net$(15,280)$(17,849)
v3.23.2
Debt (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of long-term debt Debt consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Principal BalanceAs of June 30, 2023
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022Stated
Rate
Effective
Rate
(1)
Maturity
Date
(2)
Mortgage debt collateralized by:
Fixed rate mortgage debt
Metro Center$81,344 $82,596 3.59 %3.67 %11/5/2024
10 Union Square50,000 50,000 3.70 %3.97 %4/1/2026
1542 Third Avenue30,000 30,000 4.29 %4.53 %5/1/2027
First Stamford Place(3)
177,347 178,823 4.28 %4.73 %7/1/2027
1010 Third Avenue and 77 West 55th Street35,399 35,831 4.01 %4.21 %1/5/2028
250 West 57th Street180,000 180,000 2.83 %3.21 %12/1/2030
1333 Broadway160,000 160,000 4.21 %4.29 %2/5/2033
345 East 94th Street - Series A(5)
43,600 43,600 
70.0% of SOFR plus 0.95%
3.56 %11/1/2030
345 East 94th Street - Series B(5)
7,544 7,865 
SOFR plus 2.24%
3.56 %11/1/2030
561 10th Avenue - Series A(5)
114,500 114,500 
70.0% of SOFR plus 1.07%
3.85 %11/1/2033
561 10th Avenue - Series B(5)
16,627 17,415 
SOFR plus 2.45%
3.85 %11/1/2033
Total mortgage debt896,361 900,630 
Senior unsecured notes:(4)
   Series A100,000 100,000 3.93 %3.96 %3/27/2025
   Series B125,000 125,000 4.09 %4.12 %3/27/2027
   Series C125,000 125,000 4.18 %4.21 %3/27/2030
   Series D115,000 115,000 4.08 %4.11 %1/22/2028
   Series E160,000 160,000 4.26 %4.27 %3/22/2030
   Series F175,000 175,000 4.44 %4.45 %3/22/2033
   Series G100,000 100,000 3.61 %4.89 %3/17/2032
   Series H75,000 75,000 3.73 %5.00 %3/17/2035
Unsecured term loan facility (4)
215,000 215,000 
SOFR plus 1.20%
4.22 %3/19/2025
Unsecured revolving credit facility (4)
— — 
SOFR plus 1.30%
— 3/31/2025
Unsecured term loan facility (4)
175,000 175,000 
SOFR plus 1.50%
4.51 %12/31/2026
Total principal2,261,361 2,265,630 
Deferred financing costs, net(10,619)(11,748)
Unamortized debt discount(7,354)(7,745)
Total$2,243,388 $2,246,137 
______________

(1)The effective rate is the yield as of June 30, 2023 and includes the stated interest rate, deferred financing cost amortization and interest associated with variable to fixed interest rate swap agreements.
(2)Pre-payment is generally allowed for each loan upon payment of a customary pre-payment penalty.
(3)Represents a $164 million mortgage loan bearing interest at 4.09% and a $13.3 million loan bearing interest at 6.25%.
(4)At June 30, 2023, we were in compliance with all debt covenants.
(5)As of May 18, 2023, the benchmark index rate was converted from LIBOR to SOFR, plus a benchmark adjustment of 11.4 basis points .
Schedule of aggregate required principal payments Aggregate required principal payments at June 30, 2023 are as follows (amounts in thousands):
YearAmortizationMaturitiesTotal
2023$4,363 $— $4,363 
20248,861 77,675 86,536 
20256,893 315,000 321,893 
20267,330 225,000 232,330 
20276,461 319,000 325,461 
Thereafter22,079 1,268,699 1,290,778 
Total $55,987 $2,205,374 $2,261,361 
Schedule of deferred financing costs, net Deferred costs, net, consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):  
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Leasing costs$219,404 $218,707 
Acquired in-place lease value and deferred leasing costs159,356 160,683 
Acquired above-market leases25,880 27,833 
404,640 407,223 
Less: accumulated amortization(231,886)(223,246)
Total deferred costs, net, excluding net deferred financing costs$172,754 $183,977 
Deferred financing costs, net, consisted of the following at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
 June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Financing costs$43,473 $43,473 
Less: accumulated amortization(28,931)(26,753)
Total deferred financing costs, net$14,542 $16,720 
v3.23.2
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]  
Schedule of accounts payable and accrued expenses Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Accrued capital expenditures$38,677 $44,293 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses29,468 32,927 
Accrued interest payable3,564 3,509 
     Total accounts payable and accrued expenses$71,709 $80,729 
v3.23.2
Financial Instruments and Fair Values (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Schedule of the terms of the agreement and the fair value of derivative financial instruments The table below summarizes the terms of agreements and the fair values of our derivative financial instruments as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):     
June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
DerivativeNotional AmountReceive RatePay RateEffective DateExpiration DateAssetLiabilityAssetLiability
Interest rate swap$36,820 
70% of 1 Month SOFR
2.5000%December 1, 2021November 1, 2030$364 $— $256 $— 
Interest rate swap103,790 
70% of 1 Month SOFR
2.5000%December 1, 2021November 1, 2033375 — 365 — 
Interest rate swap10,710 
70% of 1 Month SOFR
1.7570%December 1, 2021November 1, 2033626 — 643 — 
Interest rate swap16,761 1 Month SOFR2.2540%December 1, 2021November 1, 20301,067 — 1,070 — 
Interest rate cap6,780 
70% of 1 Month SOFR
4.5000%December 1, 2021October 1, 2024— — 
Interest rate cap9,188 1 Month SOFR5.5000%December 1, 2021October 1, 202428 — 26 — 
Interest rate swap175,000 SOFR Compound2.5620%August 31, 2022December 31, 20268,961 — 8,040 — 
Interest rate swap107,500 SOFR Compound2.6260%August 19, 2022March 19, 20253,967 — 3,766 — 
Interest rate swap107,500 SOFR OIS Compound2.6280%August 19, 2022March 19, 20253,969 — 3,762 — 
$19,361 $— $17,936 $— 
Schedule of effect of our derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges on accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) The table below shows the effect of our derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges on accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):    
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
Effects of Cash Flow HedgesJune 30, 2023June 30, 2022June 30, 2023June 30, 2022
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)$11,935 $10,057 $6,533 $19,819 
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into interest expense1,882 (2,741)3,154 (6,036)
    The table below shows the effect of our derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
Effects of Cash Flow HedgesJune 30, 2023June 30, 2022June 30, 2023June 30, 2022
Total interest expense presented in the condensed consolidated statements of operations in which the effects of cash flow hedges are recorded$(25,405)$(25,042)$(50,709)$(50,056)
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into interest expense1,882 (2,741)3,154 (6,036)
Schedule of the carrying and estimated fair values of financial instruments The following tables summarize the carrying and estimated fair values of our financial instruments as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
June 30, 2023
Estimated Fair Value
Carrying
Value
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Interest rate swaps included in prepaid expenses and other assets$19,329 $19,329 $— $19,329 $— 
Interest rate swaps included in accounts payable and accrued expenses— — — — — 
Mortgage notes payable880,592 765,621 — — 765,621 
Senior unsecured notes - Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H973,768 870,173 — — 870,173 
Unsecured term loan facilities389,028 390,000 — — 390,000 
    
December 31, 2022
Estimated Fair Value
Carrying
Value
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Interest rate swaps included in prepaid expenses and other assets$17,936 $17,936 $— $17,936 $— 
Mortgage notes payable883,705 783,648 — — 783,648 
Senior unsecured notes - Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H973,659 865,292 — — 865,292 
Unsecured term loan facilities388,773 390,000 — — 390,000 
v3.23.2
Leases (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Leases [Abstract]  
Schedule of components of rental revenue The components of rental revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows (amounts in thousands):
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
Rental revenueJune 30, 2023June 30, 2022June 30, 2023June 30, 2022
Fixed payments$138,318 $134,794 $262,882 $268,195 
Variable payments16,285 14,545 31,812 28,658 
Total rental revenue$154,603 $149,339 $294,694 $296,853 
Schedule of future contractual minimum lease payments on non-cancellable operating leases to be received (current year-to-date) As of June 30, 2023, we were entitled to the following future contractual minimum lease payments (excluding operating expense reimbursements) on non-cancellable operating leases to be received which expire on various dates through 2040 (amounts in thousands):
Remainder of 2023$246,802 
2024504,657 
2025484,668 
2026438,662 
2027419,474 
Thereafter1,963,143 
$4,057,406 
Schedule of future minimum lease payments to be paid As of June 30, 2023, the following table summarizes our future minimum lease payments discounted by our incremental borrowing rates to calculate the lease liabilities of our leases (amounts in thousands):
Remainder of 2023$759 
20241,518 
20251,518 
20261,503 
20271,482 
Thereafter62,277 
Total undiscounted cash flows69,057 
Present value discount(40,503)
Ground lease liabilities$28,554 
v3.23.2
Equity (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Equity [Abstract]  
Schedule of equity securities repurchased
The following table summarizes our purchases of equity securities in each of the three months ended June 30, 2023:
PeriodTotal Number of Shares PurchasedWeighted Average Price Paid per ShareMaximum Approximate Dollar Value Available for Future Purchase (in thousands)
April 1 - April 30, 20231,214,770 $6.09 $396,736 
May 1 - May 31, 20232,700 $6.00 $396,720 
June 1 - June 30, 2023— $— $396,720 
Schedule of restricted stock and LTIP unit activity The following is a summary of restricted stock and LTIP unit activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023:
Restricted StockTime-based LTIPsMarket-based LTIPsPerformance-based LTIPsWeighted Average Grant Fair Value
Unvested balance at December 31, 2022359,293 2,713,522 4,070,537 510,989 $6.69 
Vested(106,910)(1,146,682)(311,815)(1,222)7.66 
Granted370,465 1,693,689 946,398 771,180 5.65 
Forfeited or unearned(8,413)— (1,692,910)(2,751)4.29 
Unvested balance at June 30, 2023614,435 3,260,529 3,012,210 1,278,196 6.52 
Schedule of earnings per share Earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 is computed as follows (amounts in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 30, 2023June 30, 2022June 30, 2023June 30, 2022
Numerator - Basic:
Net income$36,955 $48,695 $48,649 $31,474 
Private perpetual preferred unit distributions(1,051)(1,051)(2,101)(2,101)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests(14,050)(18,065)(18,175)(11,083)
Earnings allocated to unvested shares— (64)— (71)
Net income attributable to common stockholders – basic$21,854 $29,515 $28,373 $18,219 
Numerator - Diluted:
Net income$36,955 $48,695 $48,649 $31,474 
Private perpetual preferred unit distributions(1,051)(1,051)(2,101)(2,101)
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interests in other partnerships(1)159 42 222 
Earnings allocated to unvested shares— (64)— (71)
Net income attributable to common stockholders – diluted$35,903 $47,739 $46,590 $29,524 
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic160,028 167,118 160,669 168,099 
Operating partnership units102,875 102,960 103,025 103,735 
Effect of dilutive securities:
   Stock-based compensation plans1,293 1,042 
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted264,196 270,085 264,736 271,837 
Earnings per share:
Basic$0.14 $0.18 $0.18 $0.11 
Diluted$0.14 $0.18 $0.18 $0.11 
v3.23.2
Segment Reporting (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Schedule of components of segment net income (loss) for each segment The following tables provide components of segment net income (loss) for each segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Real EstateObservatoryIntersegment EliminationTotal
Revenues:
Rental revenue$154,603 $— $— $154,603 
Intercompany rental revenue20,942 — (20,942)— 
Observatory revenue— 33,433 — 33,433 
Third-party management and other fees381 — — 381 
Other revenue and fees2,125 — — 2,125 
Total revenues178,051 33,433 (20,942)190,542 
Operating expenses:
Property operating expenses39,519 — — 39,519 
Intercompany rent expense— 20,942 (20,942)— 
Ground rent expenses2,332 — — 2,332 
General and administrative expenses16,075 — — 16,075 
Observatory expenses— 8,657 — 8,657 
Real estate taxes31,490 — — 31,490 
Depreciation and amortization46,237 43 — 46,280 
Total operating expenses135,653 29,642 (20,942)144,353 
Total operating income42,398 3,791 — 46,189 

Other income (expense):
Interest income3,289 50 — 3,339 
Interest expense(25,405)— — (25,405)
Gain on disposition of property13,565 — — 13,565 
 Income before income taxes33,847 3,841 — 37,688 
Income tax expense(197)(536)— (733)
Net income$33,650 $3,305 $— $36,955 
Segment assets$3,928,943 $255,825 $— $4,184,768 
Expenditures for segment assets$32,908 $— $— $32,908 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Real EstateObservatoryIntersegment EliminationTotal
Revenues:
Rental revenue$149,339 $— $— $149,339 
Intercompany rental revenue17,109 — (17,109)— 
Observatory revenue— 27,368 — 27,368 
Lease termination fees18,859 — — 18,859 
Third-party management and other fees326 — — 326 
Other revenue and fees2,130 — — 2,130 
Total revenues187,763 27,368 (17,109)198,022 
Operating expenses:
Property operating expenses37,433 — — 37,433 
Intercompany rent expense— 17,109 (17,109)— 
Ground rent expense2,332 — — 2,332 
General and administrative expenses15,876 — — 15,876 
Observatory expenses— 7,776 — 7,776 
Real estate taxes29,802 — — 29,802 
Depreciation and amortization58,254 50 — 58,304 
Total operating expenses143,697 24,935 (17,109)151,523 
Total operating income44,066 2,433 — 46,499 

Other income (expense):
Interest income426 — 431 
Interest expense(25,042)— — (25,042)
Gain on disposition of property27,170 — — 27,170 
Income before income taxes46,620 2,438 — 49,058 
Income tax expense(38)(325)— (363)
Net income$46,582 $2,113 $— $48,695 
Segment assets$3,969,257 $247,974 $— $4,217,231 
Expenditures for segment assets$13,115 $— $— $13,115 
Six Months June 30, 2023
Real EstateObservatoryIntersegment EliminationTotal
Revenues:
Rental revenue294,694 — — $294,694 
Intercompany rental revenue36,856 — (36,856)— 
Observatory revenue— 55,587 — 55,587 
Third-party management and other fees808 — — 808 
Other revenue and fees4,075 — — 4,075 
Total revenues336,433 55,587 (36,856)355,164 
Operating expenses:
Property operating expenses81,563 — — 81,563 
Intercompany rent expense— 36,856 (36,856)— 
Ground rent expenses4,663 — — 4,663 
General and administrative expenses31,783 — — 31,783 
Observatory expenses— 16,512 — 16,512 
Real estate taxes63,278 — — 63,278 
Depreciation and amortization93,601 87 — 93,688 
Total operating expenses274,888 53,455 (36,856)291,487 
Total operating income61,545 2,132 — 63,677 

Other income (expense):
Interest income5,847 87 — 5,934 
Interest expense(50,709)— — (50,709)
Gain on disposition of property29,261 — — 29,261 
 Income before income taxes45,944 2,219 — 48,163 
Income tax (expense) benefit(395)881 — 486 
Net income$45,549 $3,100 $— $48,649 
Expenditures for segment assets35,576 58 — $35,634 
Six Months June 30, 2022
Real EstateObservatoryIntersegment EliminationTotal
Revenues:
Rental revenue296,853 — — $296,853 
Intercompany rental revenue27,729 — (27,729)— 
Observatory revenue— 40,609 — 40,609 
Lease termination fees20,032 — — 20,032 
Third-party management and other fees636 — — 636 
Other revenue and fees3,926 — — 3,926 
Total revenues349,176 40,609 (27,729)362,056 
Operating expenses:
Property operating expenses76,077 — — 76,077 
Intercompany rent expense— 27,729 (27,729)— 
Ground rent expenses4,663 — — 4,663 
General and administrative expenses29,562 — — 29,562 
Observatory expenses— 13,991 — 13,991 
Real estate taxes59,806 — — 59,806 
Depreciation and amortization125,325 85 — 125,410 
Total operating expenses295,433 41,805 (27,729)309,509 
Total operating income (loss)53,743 (1,196)— 52,547 

Other income (expense):
Interest income575 — 580 
Interest expense(50,056)— — (50,056)
Gain on disposition of property27,170 — — 27,170 
 Income (loss) before income taxes31,432 (1,191)— 30,241 
Income tax (expense) benefit(182)1,415 — 1,233 
Net income$31,250 $224 $— $31,474 
Expenditures for segment assets51,999 291 — $52,290 
v3.23.2
Description of Business and Organization (Details)
ft² in Millions
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
ft²
office_property
parcel
multifamily_property
property_unit
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]  
Area of real estate property (in square feet) 9.4
Empire state realty trust | Empire state realty OP  
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]  
OP units owned by the Company (as a percent) 59.40%
Office Building  
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]  
Area of real estate property (in square feet) 8.6
Number of offices and properties | office_property 11
Office Building | Manhattan  
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]  
Area of real estate property (in square feet) 7.6
Number of offices and properties | office_property 9
Office Building | Fairfield County, Connecticut  
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]  
Area of real estate property (in square feet) 1.1
Number of offices and properties | office_property 2
Long-term ground leasehold interests  
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]  
Number of offices and properties | parcel 3
Office Building And Multifamily | Manhattan  
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]  
Area of real estate property (in square feet) 0.5
Retail Site | Manhattan  
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]  
Area of real estate property (in square feet) 0.2
Number of offices and properties | office_property 4
Other Property | Stamford, Connecticut  
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]  
Area of real estate property (in square feet) 0.4
Multifamily | Manhattan  
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Line Items]  
Number of offices and properties | multifamily_property 3
Number of property units | property_unit 721
v3.23.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)
Jun. 30, 2023
Minimum  
Accounting Policies [Line Items]  
Observatory revenue realized during the first quarter, previous ten years (as a percent) 16.00%
Observatory revenue realized during the second quarter, previous ten years (as a percent) 26.00%
Observatory revenue realized during the third quarter, previous ten years (as a percent) 31.00%
Observatory revenue realized during the fourth quarter, previous ten years (as a percent) 23.00%
Maximum  
Accounting Policies [Line Items]  
Observatory revenue realized during the first quarter, previous ten years (as a percent) 18.00%
Observatory revenue realized during the second quarter, previous ten years (as a percent) 28.00%
Observatory revenue realized during the third quarter, previous ten years (as a percent) 33.00%
Observatory revenue realized during the fourth quarter, previous ten years (as a percent) 25.00%
v3.23.2
Acquisitions and Dispositions (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Apr. 05, 2023
Feb. 01, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Business Acquisition [Line Items]              
Assets     $ 0   $ 0   $ 35,538
Gain on disposition of property     $ 13,565 $ 27,170 29,261 $ 27,170  
500 Mamaroneck Avenue | Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations              
Business Acquisition [Line Items]              
Assets             $ 53,000
Gain on disposition of property $ 13,600            
Estimated post-closing obligations         $ 2,000    
69-97 and 103-107 Main Street | Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations              
Business Acquisition [Line Items]              
Assets   $ 40,000          
Gain on disposition of property   $ 15,700          
v3.23.2
Deferred Costs, Acquired Lease Intangibles and Goodwill - Deferred Costs, Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Leasing costs $ 219,404 $ 218,707
Total deferred costs, gross amount 404,640 407,223
Less: accumulated amortization (231,886) (223,246)
Total deferred costs, net, excluding net deferred financing costs 172,754 183,977
Acquired in-place lease value and deferred leasing costs    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Acquired finite-lived intangible assets 159,356 160,683
Acquired above-market leases    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Acquired finite-lived intangible assets $ 25,880 $ 27,833
v3.23.2
Deferred Costs, Acquired Lease Intangibles and Goodwill - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Deferred Costs [Line Items]          
Amortization expense related to deferred leasing costs and acquired deferred leasing costs $ 6,100 $ 7,300 $ 11,900 $ 14,300  
Rental revenue related to the amortization of below-market leases, net of above-market leases 700 1,700 1,378 3,459  
Goodwill 491,479   491,479   $ 491,479
Observatory          
Deferred Costs [Line Items]          
Goodwill 227,500   227,500   227,500
Real estate          
Deferred Costs [Line Items]          
Goodwill 264,000   264,000   264,000
Lease agreements          
Deferred Costs [Line Items]          
Amortization expense related to acquired lease intangibles 2,300 $ 4,100 4,600 $ 8,300  
Unsecured revolving credit facility | Revolving credit facility          
Deferred Costs [Line Items]          
Net deferred financing costs $ 3,900   $ 3,900   $ 5,000
v3.23.2
Deferred Costs, Acquired Lease Intangibles and Goodwill - Amortizing Acquired Intangible Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Acquired below-market ground leases, net    
Acquired below-market ground leases $ 396,916 $ 396,916
Less: accumulated amortization (71,759) (67,843)
Acquired below-market ground leases, net 325,157 329,073
Acquired below-market leases, net    
Acquired below-market leases (63,831) (64,656)
Less: accumulated amortization 48,551 46,807
Acquired below-market leases, net $ (15,280) $ (17,849)
v3.23.2
Debt - Long-Term Debt (Details)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
May 18, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Outstanding borrowings $ 0   $ 0
Total principal 2,261,361,000    
Deferred financing costs, net (14,542,000)   (16,720,000)
Adjustment benchmark   0.00114  
Mortgages, senior notes, and unsecured term loan facilities, not including unsecured revolving credit facility      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total principal 2,261,361,000   2,265,630,000
Deferred financing costs, net (10,619,000)   (11,748,000)
Unamortized debt discount (7,354,000)   (7,745,000)
Total 2,243,388,000   2,246,137,000
Metro Center | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 81,344,000   82,596,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 3.59%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 3.67%    
10 Union Square | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 50,000,000   50,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 3.70%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 3.97%    
1542 Third Avenue | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 30,000,000   30,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 4.29%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.53%    
First Stamford Place | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 177,347,000   178,823,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 4.28%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.73%    
First Stamford Place - First Lien | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Rate (as a percent) 4.09%    
Face amount of debt instrument $ 164,000,000    
First Stamford Place - Second Lien | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Stated Rate (as a percent) 6.25%    
Face amount of debt instrument $ 13,300,000    
1010 Third Avenue and 77 West 55th Street | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 35,399,000   35,831,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 4.01%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.21%    
250 West 57th Street | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 180,000,000   180,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 2.83%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 3.21%    
1333 Broadway | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 160,000,000   160,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 4.21%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.29%    
345 East 94th Street - Series A(5) | Revolving credit facility | SOFR      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Variable rate, effective percentage (as a percent) 70.00%    
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent) 0.95%    
345 East 94th Street - Series A(5) | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 43,600,000   43,600,000
Effective Rate (as a percent) 3.56%    
345 East 94th Street - Series B(5) | Revolving credit facility | SOFR      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent) 2.24%    
345 East 94th Street - Series B(5) | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 7,544,000   7,865,000
Effective Rate (as a percent) 3.56%    
561 10th Avenue - Series A(5) | Revolving credit facility | SOFR      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Variable rate, effective percentage (as a percent) 70.00%    
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent) 1.07%    
561 10th Avenue - Series A(5) | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 114,500,000   114,500,000
Effective Rate (as a percent) 3.85%    
561 10th Avenue - Series B(5) | Revolving credit facility | SOFR      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent) 2.45%    
561 10th Avenue - Series B(5) | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 16,627,000   17,415,000
Effective Rate (as a percent) 3.85%    
Total mortgage debt | Fixed rate mortgage debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Fixed rate mortgage debt $ 896,361,000   900,630,000
Series A | Senior unsecured notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total $ 100,000,000   100,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 3.93%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 3.96%    
Series B | Senior unsecured notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total $ 125,000,000   125,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 4.09%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.12%    
Series C | Senior unsecured notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total $ 125,000,000   125,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 4.18%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.21%    
Series D | Senior unsecured notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total $ 115,000,000   115,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 4.08%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.11%    
Series E | Senior unsecured notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total $ 160,000,000   160,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 4.26%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.27%    
Series F | Senior unsecured notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total $ 175,000,000   175,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 4.44%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.45%    
Series G | Senior unsecured notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total $ 100,000,000   100,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 3.61%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.89%    
Series H | Senior unsecured notes      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Total $ 75,000,000   75,000,000
Stated Rate (as a percent) 3.73%    
Effective Rate (as a percent) 5.00%    
Unsecured term loan facilities | Revolving credit facility      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Outstanding borrowings $ 215,000,000   215,000,000
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.22%    
Unsecured term loan facilities | Revolving credit facility | SOFR      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent) 1.20%    
Unsecured revolving credit facility | Revolving credit facility      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Outstanding borrowings $ 0   0
Effective Rate (as a percent) 0.00%    
Unsecured revolving credit facility | Revolving credit facility | SOFR      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent) 1.30%    
Unsecured term loan facility | Revolving credit facility      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Outstanding borrowings $ 175,000,000   $ 175,000,000
Effective Rate (as a percent) 4.51%    
Unsecured term loan facility | Revolving credit facility | SOFR      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent) 1.50%    
v3.23.2
Debt - Aggregate Required Principal Payments (Details)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Amortization  
2023 $ 4,363
2024 8,861
2025 6,893
2026 7,330
2027 6,461
Thereafter 22,079
Total 55,987
Maturities  
2023 0
2024 77,675
2025 315,000
2026 225,000
2027 319,000
Thereafter 1,268,699
Total 2,205,374
Total  
2023 4,363
2024 86,536
2025 321,893
2026 232,330
2027 325,461
Thereafter 1,290,778
Total $ 2,261,361
v3.23.2
Debt - Deferred Financing Costs, Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]          
Financing costs $ 43,473   $ 43,473   $ 43,473
Less: accumulated amortization (28,931)   (28,931)   (26,753)
Total deferred financing costs, net 14,542   14,542   $ 16,720
Amortization related to deferred financing costs $ 1,100 $ 1,300 $ 2,200 $ 2,700  
v3.23.2
Debt - Unsecured Revolving Credit and Term Loan Facilities (Details) - USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Mar. 19, 2020
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Outstanding borrowings $ 0 $ 0  
Revolving credit facility | Credit Facility      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Maximum borrowing capacity 1,065,000,000.000    
Revolving credit facility | Unsecured revolving credit facility      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Maximum borrowing capacity 850,000,000    
Outstanding borrowings 0 0  
Revolving credit facility | Unsecured term loan facilities      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Maximum borrowing capacity 215,000,000    
Outstanding borrowings 215,000,000 215,000,000  
Revolving credit facility | Unsecured term loan facility      
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]      
Maximum borrowing capacity     $ 175,000,000
Outstanding borrowings $ 175,000,000 $ 175,000,000  
Accordion feature, new maximum borrowing capacity     $ 225,000,000
v3.23.2
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]    
Accrued capital expenditures $ 38,677 $ 44,293
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 29,468 32,927
Accrued interest payable 3,564 3,509
Total accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 71,709 $ 80,729
v3.23.2
Financial Instruments and Fair Values - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Designated as hedging instrument | Cash flow hedging          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]          
Net gain to be reclassified into interest expense within the next 12 months     $ 8,500,000    
Interest Rate Swap And Interest Rate Cap          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]          
Interest rate swaps liability $ 0   0    
Interest Rate Swap And Interest Rate Cap | Designated as hedging instrument | Cash flow hedging          
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]          
Aggregate notional value 574,000,000   574,000,000   $ 574,800,000
Interest rate swap agreement asset 19,400,000   19,400,000   $ 17,900,000
Net unrealized gains on valuation of interest rate swap agreements $ 10,100,000 $ 12,800,000 $ 3,400,000 $ 25,900,000  
v3.23.2
Financial Instruments and Fair Values - Schedule of the Terms of Agreements and the Fair Value of Derivative Financial Instruments (Details) - Designated as hedging instrument - Cash flow hedging - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Asset $ 19,361 $ 17,936
Liability 0 0
SOFR | Interest Rate Swap, One Month SOFR, 2.5000 %, Swap Number One    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional Amount $ 36,820  
Receive Rate (as a percent) 70.00%  
Pay Rate 2.50%  
Asset $ 364 256
Liability 0 0
SOFR | Interest Rate Swap, One Month SOFR, 2.5000 %, Swap Number Two    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional Amount $ 103,790  
Receive Rate (as a percent) 70.00%  
Pay Rate 2.50%  
Asset $ 375 365
Liability 0 0
SOFR | Interest Rate Swap, One Month SOFR, 1.7570%, Interest Swap    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional Amount $ 10,710  
Receive Rate (as a percent) 70.00%  
Pay Rate 1.757%  
Asset $ 626 643
Liability 0 0
SOFR | Interest Rate Swap, One Month SOFR, 2.2540%    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional Amount $ 16,761  
Pay Rate 2.254%  
Asset $ 1,067 1,070
Liability 0 0
SOFR | Interest Rate Cap, One Month SOFR, 4.5000%    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional Amount $ 6,780  
Receive Rate (as a percent) 70.00%  
Pay Rate 4.50%  
Asset $ 4 8
Liability 0 0
SOFR | Interest Rate Cap, One Month SOFR, 5.5000%    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional Amount $ 9,188  
Pay Rate 5.50%  
Asset $ 28 26
Liability 0 0
SOFR | Interest Rate Swap, SOFR Compound, 2.5620%    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional Amount $ 175,000  
Pay Rate 2.562%  
Asset $ 8,961 8,040
Liability 0 0
SOFR | Interest Rate Swap, SOFR Compound, 2.6260%    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional Amount $ 107,500  
Pay Rate 2.626%  
Asset $ 3,967 3,766
Liability 0 0
SOFR | Interest Rate Swap, SOFR OIS Compound, 2.6280%    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Notional Amount $ 107,500  
Pay Rate 2.628%  
Asset $ 3,969 3,762
Liability $ 0 $ 0
v3.23.2
Financial Instruments and Fair Values - Effect of Derivative Financial Instruments Designated as Cash Flow Hedges (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]        
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) $ 11,935 $ 10,057 $ 6,533 $ 19,819
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into interest expense 1,882 (2,741) 3,154 (6,036)
Interest expense (25,405) (25,042) (50,709) (50,056)
Interest rate swap        
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]        
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) 11,935 10,057 6,533 19,819
Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into interest expense 1,882 (2,741) 3,154 (6,036)
Interest rate swap | Reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive income | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)        
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]        
Interest expense $ 1,882 $ (2,741) $ 3,154 $ (6,036)
v3.23.2
Financial Instruments and Fair Values - Summary of the Carrying and Estimated Fair Values of Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Carrying Value | Unsecured term loan facilities | Revolving credit facility    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value $ 389,028 $ 388,773
Carrying Value | Mortgage notes payable    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 880,592 883,705
Carrying Value | Senior unsecured notes | Senior unsecured notes - Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 973,768 973,659
Carrying Value | Interest rate swap    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Interest rate swaps included in prepaid expenses and other assets 19,329 17,936
Interest rate swaps included in accounts payable and accrued expenses 0  
Estimated Fair Value | Unsecured term loan facilities | Revolving credit facility    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 390,000 390,000
Estimated Fair Value | Mortgage notes payable    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 765,621 783,648
Estimated Fair Value | Senior unsecured notes | Senior unsecured notes - Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 870,173 865,292
Estimated Fair Value | Level 1 | Unsecured term loan facilities | Revolving credit facility    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 0 0
Estimated Fair Value | Level 1 | Mortgage notes payable    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 0 0
Estimated Fair Value | Level 1 | Senior unsecured notes | Senior unsecured notes - Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 0 0
Estimated Fair Value | Level 2 | Unsecured term loan facilities | Revolving credit facility    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 0 0
Estimated Fair Value | Level 2 | Mortgage notes payable    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 0 0
Estimated Fair Value | Level 2 | Senior unsecured notes | Senior unsecured notes - Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 0 0
Estimated Fair Value | Level 3 | Unsecured term loan facilities | Revolving credit facility    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 390,000 390,000
Estimated Fair Value | Level 3 | Mortgage notes payable    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 765,621 783,648
Estimated Fair Value | Level 3 | Senior unsecured notes | Senior unsecured notes - Series A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Long-term debt, fair value 870,173 865,292
Estimated Fair Value | Interest rate swap    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Interest rate swaps included in prepaid expenses and other assets 19,329 17,936
Interest rate swaps included in accounts payable and accrued expenses 0  
Estimated Fair Value | Interest rate swap | Level 1    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Interest rate swaps included in prepaid expenses and other assets 0 0
Interest rate swaps included in accounts payable and accrued expenses 0  
Estimated Fair Value | Interest rate swap | Level 2    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Interest rate swaps included in prepaid expenses and other assets 19,329 17,936
Interest rate swaps included in accounts payable and accrued expenses 0  
Estimated Fair Value | Interest rate swap | Level 3    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Interest rate swaps included in prepaid expenses and other assets 0 $ 0
Interest rate swaps included in accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 0  
v3.23.2
Leases - Narrative (Details)
$ in Thousands
May 18, 2023
USD ($)
ft²
$ / ft²
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
ft²
property
May 01, 2023
ft²
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Operating Leases [Line Items]          
Area of real estate property (in square feet) | ft²   9,400,000      
Number of properties subject to ground leases | property   3      
Right-of-use assets   $ 28,554     $ 28,670
Lease liabilities   $ 28,554     $ 28,670
Weighted average discount rate (as a percent)   4.50%      
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)   46 years 10 months 24 days      
Signature Bridge Bank | Building          
Operating Leases [Line Items]          
Straight-line rent reserve       $ (6,400)  
Flagstar Bank, N.A | Building          
Operating Leases [Line Items]          
Straight-line rent reserve $ 5,800        
Area of real estate property (in square feet) | ft² 313,109        
Reduction rate | $ / ft² 3        
Lessor, Operating Lease, Term Of Rate Reduction 5 years        
First Republic Bank | Building          
Operating Leases [Line Items]          
Straight-line rent reserve   $ 200      
Area of real estate property (in square feet) | ft²     14,430    
Minimum          
Operating Leases [Line Items]          
Term of lease (in years)   1 year      
Maximum          
Operating Leases [Line Items]          
Term of lease (in years)   22 years      
v3.23.2
Leases - Components of Rental Revenue (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Leases [Abstract]        
Fixed payments $ 138,318 $ 134,794 $ 262,882 $ 268,195
Variable payments 16,285 14,545 31,812 28,658
Total rental revenue $ 154,603 $ 149,339 $ 294,694 $ 296,853
v3.23.2
Leases - Future Contractual Minimum Lease Payments On Non-Cancellable Operating Leases To Be Received (Details)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
Remainder of 2023 $ 246,802
2024 504,657
2025 484,668
2026 438,662
2027 419,474
Thereafter 1,963,143
Total future minimum lease payments on non-cancellable operating leases to be received $ 4,057,406
v3.23.2
Leases - Future Minimum Lease Payments on Ground Leases (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]    
Remainder of 2023 $ 759  
2024 1,518  
2025 1,518  
2026 1,503  
2027 1,482  
Thereafter 62,277  
Total undiscounted cash flows 69,057  
Present value discount (40,503)  
Ground lease liabilities $ 28,554 $ 28,670
v3.23.2
Commitments and Contingencies - Legal Proceedings (Details) - New york state supreme court, new york county
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended
Aug. 26, 2020
USD ($)
Oct. 31, 2014
participant
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]    
Number of plaintiffs opting out of settlement (participant) | participant   12
Amount awarded to claimants | $ $ 1.2  
Interest period (in years) 7 years  
v3.23.2
Commitments and Contingencies - Unfunded Capital Expenditures (Details)
$ in Millions
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Estimated capital expenditures to be incurred $ 138.4
v3.23.2
Equity - Shares and Units (Details)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
vote
class
shares
Dec. 31, 2022
shares
May 16, 2019
shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
OP Unit, redemption term for cash (in years) 1 year    
OP Unit, exchange ratio to common stock 1    
LTIP unit, share of stock equivalent (in shares) 1    
Conversion rate tor LTIP units to OP units 1    
Dividends on common stock received until performance criteria met for LTIP units (as a percent) 10.00%    
Dividends on common stock received after performance criteria met for LTIP units (as a percent) 90.00%    
Dividends on common stock received in periods after performance criteria met for LTIP units (as a percent) 100.00%    
OP units owned by the Company and other partners (in shares) 110,086,858    
Number of classes | class 2    
Exchange ratio 0.020    
Stock repurchase authorized amount | $ $ 500,000,000    
Empire state realty OP | Empire state realty trust      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
OP units owned by the Company (as a percent) 59.40%    
Empire state realty OP | Other partners, company directors, members of senior management and other employees      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
OP units not owned by other partner (as a percent) 40.60%    
Class A Common Stock      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Common stock outstanding (in shares) 159,842,614    
Common stock outstanding (in shares) 159,843,000 160,139,000  
Class B Common Stock      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Common stock outstanding (in shares) 988,180 990,000  
Number of voting rights (in shares) | vote 50    
2019 Plan      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Number of shares authorized under the plan (in shares) 11,000,000   11,000,000
v3.23.2
Equity - Equity Securities Repurchased (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
1 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
May 31, 2023
Apr. 30, 2023
Equity [Abstract]      
Total Number of Shares Purchased (in shares) 0 2,700 1,214,770
Weighted Average Price Paid per Share (in USD per share) $ 0 $ 6.00 $ 6.09
Maximum Approximate Dollar Value Available for Future Purchase $ 396,720 $ 396,720 $ 396,736
v3.23.2
Equity - Private Perpetual Preferred Units (Details) - $ / shares
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Preferred Units [Line Items]          
Dividends per share (in USD per share) $ 0.035 $ 0.035 $ 0.070 $ 0.070  
Private Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 2019          
Preferred Units [Line Items]          
Private perpetual preferred units issued (in shares) 4,664,038   4,664,038   4,664,000
Private perpetual preferred units, per unit liquidation preference (in USD per share) $ 13.52   $ 13.52   $ 13.52
Cumulative preferential annual cash distributions (in USD per share) $ 0.70   $ 0.70    
Private Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 2014          
Preferred Units [Line Items]          
Private perpetual preferred units issued (in shares) 1,560,000   1,560,000   1,560,000
Private perpetual preferred units issued during period (in shares)     1,560,360    
Private perpetual preferred units, per unit liquidation preference (in USD per share) $ 16.62   $ 16.62   $ 16.62
Dividends per share (in USD per share)     $ 0.60    
v3.23.2
Equity - Dividends and Distributions (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Equity [Abstract]        
Dividends paid to common shareholders $ 5,600 $ 5,800 $ 11,297 $ 11,750
Distributions paid to OP unitholders 3,800 3,900 6,900 7,700
Private perpetual preferred unit distributions $ 1,100 $ 1,100 $ 2,101 $ 2,101
v3.23.2
Equity - Incentive and Share-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
May 16, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Granted (in USD per share)       $ 5.65    
Performance period (in years)       10 years    
Granted In 2020 And After            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Retirement age (in years)       65 years    
Granted Before 2020            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Retirement age (in years)       60 years    
Minimum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Age of grantee at which LTIP unit and restricted stock awards immediately vest (in years)       60 years    
Maximum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Age of grantee at which LTIP unit and restricted stock awards immediately vest (in years)       65 years    
Awards that meet age and service requirements for vesting            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Unrecognized compensation expense, period for recognition (in years)       2 years 7 months 6 days    
Noncash share-based compensation expense recognized   $ 1,000 $ 600 $ 1,700 $ 1,600  
Unrecognized compensation expense   3,900   $ 3,900    
Awards that do not meet age and service requirements for vesting            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Unrecognized compensation expense, period for recognition (in years)       2 years 8 months 12 days    
Noncash share-based compensation expense recognized   4,400 $ 5,400 $ 8,100 $ 8,900  
Unrecognized compensation expense   $ 32,300   $ 32,300    
Time-based LTIPs            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Granted (in shares)       1,693,689    
Vested in period (in shares)       1,146,682    
Threshold of continuous service for retirement eligibility (in years)       10 years    
Time-based LTIPs | Minimum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Award vesting period (in years)       3 years    
Time-based LTIPs | Maximum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Award vesting period (in years)       5 years    
Time-based LTIPs | Median            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Award vesting period (in years)       4 years    
Market-based LTIPs            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Granted (in shares)       946,398    
Vested in period (in shares)       311,815    
Market-based LTIPs | Minimum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Award vesting period (in years)       3 years    
Market-based LTIPs | Maximum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Award vesting period (in years)       4 years    
Long-Term Incentive Plan Unit and Restricted Stock            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Fair value of share-based awards granted in period       $ 21,400    
Granted (in USD per share)       $ 5.65    
Dividend rate (as a percent)       1.70%    
Risk-free interest rate, minimum (as a percent)       4.40%    
Risk free interest rate, maximum (as a percent)       5.00%    
Expected price volatility, minimum (as a percent)       35.00%    
Expected price volatility, maximum (as a percent)       46.00%    
Long-Term Incentive Plan Unit and Restricted Stock | Minimum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Expected term (in years)       2 years    
Long-Term Incentive Plan Unit and Restricted Stock | Maximum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Expected term (in years)       5 years 3 months 18 days    
Director | Time-based LTIPs | Tranche one | Subsequent Event            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Vested in period (in shares) 0.25          
2019 Plan            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Number of shares authorized under the plan (in shares)   11,000,000   11,000,000   11,000,000
Number of shares that remain available for future issuance (in shares)   4,200,000   4,200,000    
2019 Plan | Director | Time-based LTIPs            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Annual base retainer   $ 200   $ 200    
Award vesting percentage of award face amount (as a percent)   120.00%   120.00%    
Granted (in shares)       237,856    
Fair value of share-based awards granted in period       $ 1,200    
2019 Plan | Director | Time-based LTIPs | Minimum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Award vesting period (in years)       3 years    
2019 Plan | Director | Time-based LTIPs | Maximum            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Award vesting period (in years)       4 years    
2019 Plan | Director | Time-based LTIPs | Tranche one            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Vesting rights (as a percent)       60.00%    
Award vesting period (in years)       4 years    
2019 Plan | Director | Time-based LTIPs | Tranche two            
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]            
Vesting rights (as a percent)       40.00%    
Award vesting period (in years)       3 years    
v3.23.2
Equity - Schedule of Restricted Stock and LTIP Unit Activity (Details)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
$ / shares
shares
Weighted Average Grant Fair Value  
Beginning balance, Unvested (in USD per share) | $ / shares $ 6.69
Vested (in USD per share) | $ / shares 7.66
Granted (in USD per share) | $ / shares 5.65
Forfeited or unearned (in USD per share) | $ / shares 4.29
Ending balance, Unvested (in USD per share) | $ / shares $ 6.52
Restricted Stock  
Restricted Stock and LTIP Units  
Beginning balance, Unvested (in shares) 359,293
Vested (in shares) (106,910)
Granted (in shares) 370,465
Forfeited or unearned (in shares) (8,413)
Ending balance, Unvested (in shares) 614,435
Time-based LTIPs  
Restricted Stock and LTIP Units  
Beginning balance, Unvested (in shares) 2,713,522
Vested (in shares) (1,146,682)
Granted (in shares) 1,693,689
Forfeited or unearned (in shares) 0
Ending balance, Unvested (in shares) 3,260,529
Market-based LTIPs  
Restricted Stock and LTIP Units  
Beginning balance, Unvested (in shares) 4,070,537
Vested (in shares) (311,815)
Granted (in shares) 946,398
Forfeited or unearned (in shares) (1,692,910)
Ending balance, Unvested (in shares) 3,012,210
Performance-based LTIPs  
Restricted Stock and LTIP Units  
Beginning balance, Unvested (in shares) 510,989
Vested (in shares) (1,222)
Granted (in shares) 771,180
Forfeited or unearned (in shares) (2,751)
Ending balance, Unvested (in shares) 1,278,196
v3.23.2
Equity - Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Numerator - Basic:        
Net income $ 36,955 $ 48,695 $ 48,649 $ 31,474
Private perpetual preferred unit distributions (1,051) (1,051) (2,101) (2,101)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (14,050) (18,065) (18,175) (11,083)
Earnings allocated to unvested shares 0 (64) 0 (71)
Net income attributable to common stockholders – basic 21,854 29,515 28,373 18,219
Numerator - Diluted:        
Net income 36,955 48,695 48,649 31,474
Private perpetual preferred unit distributions (1,051) (1,051) (2,101) (2,101)
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interests in other partnerships (1) 159 42 222
Earnings allocated to unvested shares 0 (64) 0 (71)
Net income attributable to common stockholders – diluted $ 35,903 $ 47,739 $ 46,590 $ 29,524
Denominator:        
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic (in shares) 160,028 167,118 160,669 168,099
Operating partnership units (in shares) 102,875 102,960 103,025 103,735
Effect of dilutive securities:        
Stock-based compensation plans (in shares) 1,293 7 1,042 3
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted (in shares) 264,196 270,085 264,736 271,837
Earnings per share:        
Basic (in USD per share) $ 0.14 $ 0.18 $ 0.18 $ 0.11
Diluted (in USD per share) $ 0.14 $ 0.18 $ 0.18 $ 0.11
Antidilutive securities (in shares) 0 603 0 398
v3.23.2
Related Party Transactions (Details)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
ft²
property
Jun. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
ft²
property
Jun. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Feb. 28, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Revenues $ 190,542 $ 198,022 $ 355,164 $ 362,056    
Area of real estate property (in square feet) | ft² 9,400,000   9,400,000      
Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 71,709   $ 71,709     $ 80,729
Affiliated entities | Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | 69-97 and 103-107 Main Street            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 100   100      
Affiliated entities | Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | 69-97 and 103-107 Main Street | SOFR            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Maximum principal amount         $ 600  
Basis spread on loan         3.50%  
Affiliated entities | Supervisory fee revenue | Third party management and other fees            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Revenues 300 300 500 500    
Affiliated entities | Property management fee revenue | Third party management and other fees            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Revenues 50 100 200 100    
Affiliated entities | Leased space rental            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Revenues $ 100 $ 100 $ 200 $ 200    
Number of properties | property 1   1      
Notice period for lease cancellation (in days)     90 days      
Undivided interest            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Area of real estate property (in square feet) | ft² 5,447   5,447      
Chairman emeritus and employee | Leased space rental            
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]            
Percentage of lease space occupied by Chairman emeritus and employee     15.00%      
v3.23.2
Segment Reporting - Narrative (Details)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Number of reportable segments 2
v3.23.2
Segment Reporting - Components of Segment Net Income (Loss) for Each Segment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Revenues:          
Rental revenue $ 154,603 $ 149,339 $ 294,694 $ 296,853  
Intercompany rental revenue 0 0 0 0  
Observatory revenue 33,433 27,368 55,587 40,609  
Lease termination fees 0 18,859 0 20,032  
Third-party management and other fees 381 326 808 636  
Other revenue and fees 2,125 2,130 4,075 3,926  
Total revenues 190,542 198,022 355,164 362,056  
Operating expenses:          
Property operating expenses 39,519 37,433 81,563 76,077  
Intercompany rent expense 0 0 0 0  
Ground rent expenses 2,332 2,332 4,663 4,663  
General and administrative expenses 16,075 15,876 31,783 29,562  
Observatory expenses 8,657 7,776 16,512 13,991  
Real estate taxes 31,490 29,802 63,278 59,806  
Depreciation and amortization 46,280 58,304 93,688 125,410  
Total operating expenses 144,353 151,523 291,487 309,509  
Total operating income (loss) 46,189 46,499 63,677 52,547  
Other income (expense):          
Interest income 3,339 431 5,934 580  
Interest expense (25,405) (25,042) (50,709) (50,056)  
Gain on disposition of property 13,565 27,170 29,261 27,170  
Income (loss) before income taxes 37,688 49,058 48,163 30,241  
Income tax (expense) benefit (733) (363) 486 1,233  
Net income 36,955 48,695 48,649 31,474  
Segment assets 4,184,768 4,217,231 4,184,768 4,217,231 $ 4,163,594
Expenditures for segment assets 32,908 13,115 35,634 52,290  
Intersegment Elimination          
Revenues:          
Rental revenue 0 0 0 0  
Intercompany rental revenue (20,942) (17,109) (36,856) (27,729)  
Observatory revenue 0 0 0 0  
Lease termination fees   0   0  
Third-party management and other fees 0 0 0 0  
Other revenue and fees 0 0 0 0  
Total revenues (20,942) (17,109) (36,856) (27,729)  
Operating expenses:          
Property operating expenses 0 0 0 0  
Intercompany rent expense (20,942) (17,109) (36,856) (27,729)  
Ground rent expenses 0 0 0 0  
General and administrative expenses 0 0 0 0  
Observatory expenses 0 0 0 0  
Real estate taxes 0 0 0 0  
Depreciation and amortization 0 0 0 0  
Total operating expenses (20,942) (17,109) (36,856) (27,729)  
Total operating income (loss) 0 0 0 0  
Other income (expense):          
Interest income 0 0 0 0  
Interest expense 0 0 0 0  
Gain on disposition of property 0 0 0 0  
Income (loss) before income taxes 0 0 0 0  
Income tax (expense) benefit 0 0 0 0  
Net income 0 0 0 0  
Segment assets 0 0 0 0  
Expenditures for segment assets 0 0 0 0  
Real Estate | Operating Segments          
Revenues:          
Rental revenue 154,603 149,339 294,694 296,853  
Intercompany rental revenue 20,942 17,109 36,856 27,729  
Observatory revenue 0 0 0 0  
Lease termination fees   18,859   20,032  
Third-party management and other fees 381 326 808 636  
Other revenue and fees 2,125 2,130 4,075 3,926  
Total revenues 178,051 187,763 336,433 349,176  
Operating expenses:          
Property operating expenses 39,519 37,433 81,563 76,077  
Intercompany rent expense 0 0 0 0  
Ground rent expenses 2,332 2,332 4,663 4,663  
General and administrative expenses 16,075 15,876 31,783 29,562  
Observatory expenses 0 0 0 0  
Real estate taxes 31,490 29,802 63,278 59,806  
Depreciation and amortization 46,237 58,254 93,601 125,325  
Total operating expenses 135,653 143,697 274,888 295,433  
Total operating income (loss) 42,398 44,066 61,545 53,743  
Other income (expense):          
Interest income 3,289 426 5,847 575  
Interest expense (25,405) (25,042) (50,709) (50,056)  
Gain on disposition of property 13,565 27,170 29,261 27,170  
Income (loss) before income taxes 33,847 46,620 45,944 31,432  
Income tax (expense) benefit (197) (38) (395) (182)  
Net income 33,650 46,582 45,549 31,250  
Segment assets 3,928,943 3,969,257 3,928,943 3,969,257  
Expenditures for segment assets 32,908 13,115 35,576 51,999  
Observatory | Operating Segments          
Revenues:          
Rental revenue 0 0 0 0  
Intercompany rental revenue 0 0 0 0  
Observatory revenue 33,433 27,368 55,587 40,609  
Lease termination fees   0   0  
Third-party management and other fees 0 0 0 0  
Other revenue and fees 0 0 0 0  
Total revenues 33,433 27,368 55,587 40,609  
Operating expenses:          
Property operating expenses 0 0 0 0  
Intercompany rent expense 20,942 17,109 36,856 27,729  
Ground rent expenses 0 0 0 0  
General and administrative expenses 0 0 0 0  
Observatory expenses 8,657 7,776 16,512 13,991  
Real estate taxes 0 0 0 0  
Depreciation and amortization 43 50 87 85  
Total operating expenses 29,642 24,935 53,455 41,805  
Total operating income (loss) 3,791 2,433 2,132 (1,196)  
Other income (expense):          
Interest income 50 5 87 5  
Interest expense 0 0 0 0  
Gain on disposition of property 0 0 0 0  
Income (loss) before income taxes 3,841 2,438 2,219 (1,191)  
Income tax (expense) benefit (536) (325) 881 1,415  
Net income 3,305 2,113 3,100 224  
Segment assets 255,825 247,974 255,825 247,974  
Expenditures for segment assets $ 0 $ 0 $ 58 $ 291