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| General | 1. General Organization and Description of Business. Digital Realty Trust, Inc. (the Parent), through its controlling interest in Digital Realty Trust, L.P. (the Operating Partnership or the OP) and the subsidiaries of the OP (collectively, we, our, us or the Company), is a leading global provider of data center (including colocation and interconnection) solutions for customers across a variety of industry verticals ranging from cloud and information technology services, social networking and communications to financial services, manufacturing, energy, healthcare, and consumer products. The OP, a Maryland limited partnership, is the entity through which the Parent, a Maryland corporation, conducts its business of owning, acquiring, developing and operating data centers. The Parent operates as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Parent’s only material asset is its ownership of partnership interests of the OP. The Parent generally does not conduct business itself, other than acting as the sole general partner of the OP, issuing public securities from time to time and guaranteeing certain unsecured debt of the OP and certain of its subsidiaries and affiliates. The Parent has not issued any debt but guarantees the unsecured debt of the OP and certain of its subsidiaries and affiliates. The OP holds substantially all the assets of the Company. The OP conducts the operations of the business and has no publicly traded equity. Except for net proceeds from public equity issuances by the Parent, which are generally contributed to the OP in exchange for partnership units, the OP generally generates the capital required by the Company’s business primarily through the OP’s operations, by the OP’s or its affiliates’ direct or indirect incurrence of indebtedness or through the issuance of partnership units. Accounting Principles and Basis of Presentation. The accompanying consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes (the “Consolidated Financial Statements”) are prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") and are presented in our reporting currency, the U.S. dollar. All of the accounts of the Parent, the OP, and the subsidiaries of the OP are included in the Consolidated Financial Statements. All material intercompany transactions with consolidated entities have been eliminated. Management Estimates and Assumptions. U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period, reported amounts for assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements. Although we believe the estimates and assumptions we made are reasonable and appropriate, as discussed in the applicable sections throughout the Consolidated Financial Statements, different assumptions and estimates could materially impact our reported results. Actual results and outcomes may differ from our assumptions.
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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
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| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Consolidation. We consolidate all entities that are wholly owned as well as all partially-owned entities that we control. In addition, we consolidate any variable interest entities (“VIEs”) for which we are the primary beneficiary. We evaluate whether or not an entity is a VIE (and we are the primary beneficiary) through consideration of substantive terms in the arrangement to identify which enterprise has the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses/receive benefits from the entity. For entities that do not meet the definition of VIEs, we first consider if we are the general partner or a limited partner (or the equivalent in investments not structured as partnerships). We consolidate entities in which we are the general partner and the limited partners do not have rights that would preclude control. For entities in which we are the general partner, but the limited partners hold substantive participating or kick-out rights that prohibit our ability to control the entity, we apply the equity method of accounting since, as the general partner, we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the entities. For entities in which we are a limited partner, or that are not structured similar to a partnership, we consider factors such as ownership interest, voting control, authority to make decisions and contractual and substantive participating rights of the partners. When factors indicate we have a controlling financial interest in an entity, we consolidate the entity. Foreign Operations and Foreign Currencies. The functional currency of each of our consolidated subsidiaries and unconsolidated entities operating in other countries is the principal currency in which each entity’s assets, liabilities, income and expenses are denominated, which may be different from the local currency of incorporation or the currency with which the entities conduct their operations. The primary functional currencies impacting our business include the Euro, Japanese yen, British pound sterling, Singapore dollar, South African rand and Brazilian real. For our consolidated subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, we translate financial statements into U.S. dollars at the time we consolidate these subsidiaries’ financial statements. Generally, assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Certain balance sheet items, such as equity and capital-related accounts are reflected at historical exchange rates. Income statement accounts are generally translated at the average exchange rates for the reporting periods. We and certain of our consolidated subsidiaries have intercompany and third-party debt that is not denominated in the functional currency of the entities. When debt is denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of an entity, a gain or loss can result. The associated adjustment is reflected in other (expenses) income, net, in the consolidated income statements, unless it is intercompany debt that is deemed to be long-term in nature or third-party debt that has been designated as a nonderivative net investment hedge – in which case the associated adjustments are reflected as a cumulative translation adjustment as a component of other comprehensive income. In the statement of cash flows, cash flows denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rates in effect at the time of the respective cash flows or at average exchange rates for the period, depending on the nature of the cash flow items. Acquisition Accounting. We evaluate whether or not substantially all of the value of acquired assets is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of identifiable assets to determine whether a transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition or a business combination. For asset acquisitions: (1) transaction costs are included in the total costs of the acquisition and are allocated on a pro-rata basis to the carrying value of the assets and liabilities acquired, (2) real estate assets acquired are measured based on their cost or total consideration exchanged with any excess consideration or bargain purchase amount allocated to real estate properties and their associated intangibles such as above and below-market leases, in-place leases, acquired ground leases, and customer relationship value and (3) all other assets and liabilities assumed, including any debt, are recorded at fair value. For business combinations: (1) transaction costs are expensed as incurred, (2) all acquired tangible and identifiable intangible assets are recognized at fair value, (3) the amount of any purchase consideration that exceeds the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired is recognized as goodwill, and (4) to the extent the purchase consideration is less than the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired, a gain on bargain purchase is recognized. When we obtain control of an unconsolidated entity that we previously held as an equity method investment and the acquisition qualifies as a business combination, we remeasure our previously held interest in the unconsolidated entity at its acquisition-date fair value, derecognize the book value associated with that interest, and recognize any resulting gain or loss in earnings. We allocate purchase price primarily using Level 2 and Level 3 inputs (further defined in Fair Value Measurements) as follows: Real Estate. The fair value of acquired land is determined based on relevant market data, such as comparable land sales. The fair value of acquired improvements is determined based on replacement cost as adjusted for any physical and/or market obsolescence. Operating properties are valued as if they are vacant (“as-if-vacant”) by applying an income approach methodology using either a discounted cash flow analysis or by applying a capitalization rate to the estimated Net Operating Income (“NOI”) of a property. As-if-vacant values consider estimated carrying costs during expected lease-up periods and costs to execute similar leases (based on current market conditions). Carrying costs during expected lease up periods include real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses as well as estimates of lost rental revenue during the expected lease-up periods. Costs to execute similar leases include lease commissions, tenant improvements, legal and other related costs. Lease Intangibles. The portion of the purchase price related to acquired in-place leases is recorded as intangible assets and liabilities as follows:
Debt. We recognize the fair value of any acquired debt based on contractual future cash flows discounted using borrowing spreads and market interest rates that would be available to us for issuance of debt with similar terms and remaining maturities. If acquired debt is publicly traded, we utilize available market data to determine fair value of the debt. Any discount or premium on the principal is included in the carrying value of the debt and amortized to interest expense over the remaining term of the debt using the effective interest method. Noncontrolling interests. The fair value of the ownership percentage of acquired entities held by third parties is determined based on the fair value of the consolidated net assets acquired, adjusted for any put or call options or other such features associated of the noncontrolling interests. Other acquired assets and liabilities. The fair value of other acquired assets and liabilities is determined using the best information available. For working capital items that are short-term in nature, fair value is generally presumed to equal the seller’s carrying value, unless facts and circumstances suggest otherwise. Fair Value Measurements. Fair value is intended to reflect the price that would be received for the sale of an asset or paid for the transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (the exit price). We estimate fair value using available market information and valuation methods we believe to be appropriate for these purposes. Given the significant amount of judgement and subjectivity involved in the determination of fair value, estimated fair value is not necessarily indicative of amounts that would be realized on disposition. There are three levels in the fair value hierarchy under U.S. GAAP, which are:
In instances where inputs from multiple different levels of the fair value hierarchy are used to determine fair value, the lowest level input that is significant is used to determine the fair-value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to a fair-value measurement requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. We utilize fair value measurements on a recurring basis to determine the fair value of: marketable equity securities, share-based compensation awards, derivative instruments, and outstanding debt. Such measurements are also regularly utilized in assessing whether or not impairments may exist on intangible assets (including goodwill). In addition, we utilize fair value measurements on a non-recurring basis to determine the fair value associated with assets held for sale, acquisitions of assets, and acquisitions of businesses. Investments in Unconsolidated Entities. Investments in unconsolidated entities as reflected on the consolidated balance sheets includes all investments accounted for using the equity method. We use the equity method to account for these investments, because we have the ability to exercise significant influence over their operating and financial policies, but do not control them. Equity method investments are initially recognized at our cost. Transaction costs related to the formation of equity method investments are also capitalized. We subsequently adjust these balances to reflect: (1) our proportionate share of net earnings/losses of the entities and accumulated other comprehensive income or loss, (2) distributions received, (3) contributions made, (4) sales and redemptions of our investments, and (5) certain other adjustments, as appropriate. When circumstances indicate there may have been a reduction in the value of an equity method investment, we evaluate whether or not the loss in value is other than temporary. If we determine that a loss in value is other than temporary, we recognize an impairment charge to reflect the equity investment at fair value. With regard to the cash flow classifications of distributions from unconsolidated entities, we have elected the nature of the distribution approach as the information is available to us to determine the nature of the underlying activity that generated the distributions. In accordance with this approach, cash flows generated from the operations of an unconsolidated entity are classified as a return on investment (cash inflow from operating activities) and cash flows that are generated from property sales, debt refinancing or sales and redemptions of our investments are classified as a return of investment (cash inflow from investing activities). The Company has a negligible value of investments accounted for under the cost-method. These investments are included in Other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Cash and Cash Equivalents. We consider all cash on hand, demand deposits with financial institutions, and short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less to be cash and cash equivalents. Our cash and cash equivalents are financial instruments exposed to concentrations of credit risk. We invest our cash with high-credit quality institutions. We may invest our cash balances in money market accounts that are not insured. We do not believe we are exposed to any significant credit risk associated with our cash and cash equivalents and have not realized any losses associated with cash investments or accounts. Restricted Cash. Cash that is held for a specific purpose and thus not available to us for immediate or general business use is categorized separately from cash and cash equivalents and is included in Other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Restricted cash primarily consists of contractual capital expenditures and other deposits. Assets Held for Sale. We classify an asset as held for sale when the following criteria are met: (1) management that has the proper authority has approved and committed to a plan to sell, (2) the asset is available for immediate sale, (3) an active program to locate a buyer has commenced, (4) the sale of the asset is probable, and (5) transfer of the asset is expected to occur within one year. Assets classified as held for sale are recorded at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell and are no longer depreciated. Investments in Real Estate. Investments in real estate are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Land is not depreciated. Depreciation and amortization are recorded on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the respective assts. Depreciable lives of assets are stated below.
Improvements and replacements are capitalized when they extend the useful life, increase capacity, or improve the efficiency of the asset. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Capitalization of Costs. Development costs – During the land development and construction periods of qualifying projects, we capitalize direct and indirect project costs that are clearly associated with the development of properties. Capitalized project costs include all costs associated with the development of a property. Such costs include the cost of land and buildings, improvements and fixed equipment, design and engineering, other construction costs, interest, property taxes, insurance, legal fees, personnel working on the project, and corporate supervision. Capitalization of costs ceases when development projects are substantially complete and ready for their intended use. We generally consider development projects to be substantially complete and ready for intended use upon receipt of a certificate of occupancy. Leasing commissions – Leasing commissions and other direct costs associated with the acquisition of tenants are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related leases. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we capitalized deferred leasing costs of approximately $43.1 million, $51.8 million and $42.8 million, respectively. Deferred leasing costs are included in Customer relationship value, deferred leasing costs and intangibles on the consolidated balance sheet and amounted to approximately $220.5 million and $257.0 million, net of accumulated amortization of $558.3 million and $514.3 million, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Amortization expense on leasing costs was approximately $76.8 million, $79.2 million, and $83.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Recoverability of Real Estate Assets. We assess the carrying value of our properties whenever events or circumstances indicate carrying amounts of these assets may not be fully recoverable (“triggering events"). Triggering events typically relate to a change in the expected holding period of a property, an adverse change in expected future cash flows of the property, or a trend of past cash flow losses that is expected to continue in the future. If our assessment of triggering events indicates the carrying value of a property or asset group might not be recoverable, we estimate the future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets and compare that amount to the book value of the assets. If our future undiscounted net cash flow evaluation indicates we are unable to recover the carrying value of a property or asset group, we record an impairment loss to provision for impairment in our consolidated income statements to the extent the carrying value of the property or asset group exceeds fair value. We generally estimate fair value of rental properties using a discounted cash flow analysis that includes projections of future revenues, expenses, and capital improvements that a market participant would use. In certain cases, we may supplement this analysis by obtaining outside broker opinions of value. When determining undiscounted future cash flows, we consider factors such as future operating income trends and prospects as well as the effects of leasing demand, competition and other factors. Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not amortized. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment at the reporting unit level. The Company has one reportable segment and one reporting unit. We evaluate goodwill for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. In addition to monitoring for impactful events and circumstances, we perform an annual one-step quantitative test in which we compare the reporting unit’s carrying value to its fair value. We determine the fair value of the reporting unit based on quoted market prices of the Company’s publicly traded shares. To the extent the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, we would record an impairment charge equal to the amount by which the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value. We have not recognized any goodwill impairments since our inception. Since a significant aspect of our goodwill is denominated in foreign currencies, changes to our goodwill balance can occur over time due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Other acquired intangible assets consist primarily of customer relationship value and in-place lease value. All of our other acquired intangible assets have finite useful lives. If impairment indicators arise with respect to these finite-lived intangible assets, we evaluate for impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the assets to the estimated future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If estimated future undiscounted cash flows exceed the carrying value of the assets, we record an impairment charge equal to the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets. We have no indefinite-lived intangible assets other than goodwill. Share-Based Compensation. The Company provides a variety of share-based compensation awards to employees and directors, including awards that contain time-based vesting criteria and a combination of time-based and performance-based criteria. The Company measures all share-based compensation awards at grant date fair value. The fair value of awards that include only a time-based service condition (“time-based awards”) and / or a performance-based condition is the closing price of the Company’s publicly traded shares at the grant date – and is expensed over the requisite service period. The fair value of awards that include a combination of market-based criteria and time-based vesting is measured using a Monte Carlo simulation method. The fair value of these awards is expensed over the requisite service period – and is not adjusted based on actual achievement of the market performance condition. Derivative Instruments. As part of the Company’s risk management program, a variety of financial instruments, such as interest rate swaps and foreign exchange contracts, may be used to mitigate interest rate and foreign currency exposures. The Company utilizes derivative instruments to manage risks, and not for trading or speculative purposes. All derivatives are recorded at fair value. The majority of inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. However, credit valuation adjustments utilize Level 3 inputs (such as estimates of current credit spreads). Based on the insignificance of credit valuation adjustments to the overall valuation of our derivatives, we have determined that valuation of our outstanding derivatives is properly categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognized periodically either in earnings or in other comprehensive income (loss), depending on whether the derivative financial instrument is undesignated or qualifies for hedge accounting, and if so, whether it represents a fair value, cash flow, or net investment hedge. Gains and losses on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, to the extent they are included in the assessment of effectiveness, are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently reclassified to earnings to offset the impact of the hedged items when they occur. In the event it becomes probable the forecasted transaction to which a cash flow hedge relates will not occur, the derivative would be terminated and the amount in other comprehensive income (loss) would be recognized in earnings. Gains and losses representing components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness for cash flow and fair value hedges are recognized in earnings on a straight-line basis in the same caption as the hedged item over the term of the hedge. Gains and losses representing components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness for net investment hedges are recognized in earnings on a straight-line basis over the term of the hedge. Interest Rate Swaps – The Company uses interest rate swaps to add stability to interest expense and to manage our exposure to interest rate movements related to certain floating rate debt obligations. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. We record all interest rate swaps on the balance sheet at fair value. The fair value of interest rate swaps is determined using the market standard methodology of netting discounted future fixed cash receipts (or payments) and discounted expected variable cash payments (or receipts). Variable cash payments (or receipts) are based on expected future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves. We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect nonperformance risk for the Company and for the respective counterparties. The counterparties of interest rate swaps are generally larger financial institutions engaged in providing a variety of financial services. Interest rate derivatives are presented on a gross basis on the consolidated balance sheets – with interest rate swap assets presented in other assets, and interest rate swap liabilities presented in accounts payable and other accrued liabilities. As of December 31, 2023, there was no impact from netting arrangements, because the Company had no derivatives in liability positions. Net interest paid or received on interest rate swaps is recognized as interest expense. Gains and losses resulting from the early termination of interest rate swap agreements are deferred and amortized as adjustments to interest expense over the remaining period of the debt originally covered by the terminated swap. Foreign Currency Contracts – The Company may, from time to time, enter into forward contracts pursuant to which we agree to sell an amount of one currency in exchange for an agreed-upon amount of another currency. These agreements are typically entered into to manage exposures related to transactions that are settled in currencies other than the functional currency of the legal entity that is party to the transactions. To the extent the Company does not designate such instruments as hedges, changes in the fair value of these instruments are reflected in earnings. The Company had no outstanding derivative foreign currency contracts as of December 31, 2023. Hedge of Net Investment in Foreign Operations – The Company has no outstanding derivatives that function as hedges of net investments in foreign operations. However, notes denominated in the Swiss franc with a total outstanding principal balance of 545 million Swiss francs (“CHF”) issued by Digital Intrepid Holding B.V. (“DIH”, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the OP with Euro functional currency) are designated as non-derivative hedges of DIH’s net investment in certain of its subsidiaries that have CHF as the functional currency. Changes in the fair value of these hedges, to the extent they are included in the assessment of effectiveness, are reported in other comprehensive income (loss) and will be deferred until disposal of the underlying assets (which is currently not expected to occur). Any amounts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are reflected as foreign-currency transaction gains/losses which are included as Other (expense) income, net in the consolidated income statements. Cross-Currency Interest Rate Swaps – The Company's cross-currency interest rate swap agreements synthetically swap U.S. dollar-denominated fixed rate debt for foreign currency-denominated fixed rate debt and are designated as net investment hedges for accounting purposes. The gain or loss on the net investment hedge derivative instruments is included in the foreign currency translation component of other comprehensive income until the net investment is sold, diluted, or liquidated. Interest payments received from the cross-currency swaps are excluded from the net investment hedge effectiveness assessment and are recorded in interest expense on the consolidated income statements. See Note 17. “Derivative Instruments” for further discussion on the Company’s outstanding derivative instruments. Income Taxes. Digital Realty Trust, Inc. has elected to be treated as a real estate investment trust (a “REIT”) for federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. generally is not required to pay U.S. federal corporate income tax to the extent taxable income is currently distributed to its stockholders. If Digital Realty Trust, Inc. were to fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it would be subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) on its taxable income. The Company is subject to foreign, state and local income taxes in the jurisdictions in which it conducts business. The Company’s taxable REIT subsidiaries are subject to federal, state, local and foreign income taxes to the extent there is taxable income. Accordingly, the Company recognizes current and deferred income taxes for the Company and its taxable REIT subsidiaries, including for U.S. federal, state, local and foreign jurisdictions, as applicable. We assess our significant tax positions in accordance with U.S. GAAP for all open tax years and determine whether we have any material unrecognized liabilities from uncertain tax benefits. If a tax position is not considered “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained solely on its technical merits, no benefits of the tax position are to be recognized (for financial statement purposes). We classify interest and penalties from significant uncertain tax positions as current tax expense in our consolidated income statements. We are open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions for the tax years that are within the statute of limitations for those jurisdictions. For further discussion related to tax reserves, see Note 13. “Income Taxes”. Transactional-based Taxes. We account for transactional-based taxes, such as value added tax, or VAT, for our international properties on a net basis. Noncontrolling Interests and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests. Noncontrolling interests represent the share of consolidated entities owned by third parties. We recognize each noncontrolling holder’s share of the fair value of the respective entity’s net assets as noncontrolling interest on our consolidated balance sheets at the date of formation or acquisition. Noncontrolling interest balances are adjusted for the noncontrolling holder’s share of additional contributions, distributions, and net earnings or losses. Partnership units which are contingently redeemable for cash are classified as redeemable noncontrolling interests and presented in the mezzanine section of the Company’s consolidated balance sheets between total liabilities and stockholder’s equity. Redeemable noncontrolling interests include amounts related to partnership units issued by consolidated subsidiaries of the Company in which redemption for equity is outside the control of the Company. The amounts of consolidated net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests are presented on the Company’s consolidated income statements as income (or loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests. Revenue Recognition. Rental and Other Services Revenue – We generate the majority of our revenue by leasing our properties to customers under operating lease agreements, which are accounted for under Accounting Standards Codification 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). We recognize the total minimum lease payments provided for under the leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term if we determine it is probable that substantially all of the lease payments will be collected over the lease term. We commence recognition of revenue from rentals at the date the property is ready for its intended use by the tenant and the tenant takes possession or controls the physical use of the leased asset. The excess of rents recognized as revenue over amounts contractually due pursuant to the underlying leases is included in Deferred rent, net on the consolidated balance sheet. Rental payments received in excess of revenue recognized are classified as Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. Unpaid rents that are contractually due are included in Accounts and other receivables, net on the consolidated balance sheet. We estimate the probability of collection of lease payments based on customer creditworthiness, outstanding accounts receivable balances, and historical bad debts – as well as current economic trends. If collection of substantially all lease payments over the lease term is not probable, rental revenue is recognized when payment is received, and we record a reduction to rental revenue equal to the balance of any deferred rent and rent receivable, less the balance of any security deposits or letters of credit. If collection is subsequently determined to be probable, we: (1) resume recognizing rental revenue on a straight-line basis, (2) record incremental revenue such that the cumulative amount recognized is equal to the amount that would have been recorded on a straight-line basis since inception of the lease, and (3) reverse the allowance for bad debt recorded on outstanding receivables. Generally, under the terms of our leases, the majority of our rental expenses, including common area maintenance, real estate taxes and insurance, are recovered from our customers. We record amounts reimbursable by customers (“tenant recoveries”) as revenue in the period the applicable expenses are incurred – which is generally on a ratable basis through the term of the lease. We account for and present rental revenue and tenant recoveries as a single component under rental and other services as the timing of recognition is the same, the pattern with which we transfer the right of use of the property and related services to the lessee are both on a straight-line basis and our leases qualify as operating leases. Interconnection services include port and cross-connect services generally provided on a month-to-month, one-year or multi-year term. We bill for these services on a monthly basis and recognize the revenue over the period the service is provided. Revenue for cross-connect installations is generally recognized in the period the cross-connect is installed. Interconnection services that are not specific to a particular leased space are accounted for under Topic 606 and have terms that are generally one year or less. Fee Income and Other – Fee income arises primarily from contractual management agreements with entities in which we have a noncontrolling interest. Management fees are recognized as earned under the respective agreements. The Company also provides property and construction management services. Depending on the nature of the agreements, revenue for these services is recognized either on a ratable monthly basis as the service is provided, or when certain performance milestones are met. Service revenues are typically recognized on an equal monthly basis based on the minimum fee to be earned. The monthly amounts could be adjusted depending on whether certain performance milestones are met. We utilize the practical expedient in ASC 842 that allows us to account for lease and non-lease components associated with each lease as a single lease component recorded within rental and other services, instead of accounting for such items separately under Accounting Standards Codification 606, Revenue (“ASC 606”). We recognize revenue for items that do not qualify for revenue recognition under ASC 842 under ASC 606. Revenue recognized as a result of applying ASC 606 was less than 10% of total rental and other services revenue for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Transaction and Integration Expense. Transaction expenses include closing costs, broker commissions and other professional fees, including legal and accounting fees related to business combinations or acquisitions that were not consummated. Integration costs include transition costs associated with organizational restructuring (such as severance and retention payments and recruiting expenses), third-party consulting expenses directly related to the integration of acquired companies (in areas such as cost savings and synergy realization, technology and systems work), and internal costs such as training, travel and labor, reflecting time spent by Company personnel on integration activities and projects. Recurring costs are recorded in general and administrative expense. Gains on Disposition of Properties. We recognize gains on the disposition of real estate when the recognition criteria have been met, generally at the time the risks and rewards and title have transferred, and we no longer have control of the real estate sold. We recognize losses from the disposition of real estate when known. New Accounting Pronouncements. Reference Rate Reform. The Financial Conduct Authority and other independent groups announced in July 2017, that beginning in 2021, they would stop requiring banks to submit rates for the calculation of the London Inter-bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). As a result, in the U.S. the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as its preferred alternative rate for USD LIBOR in debt and derivative financial instruments. Other global regulators have also undertaken reference rate reform initiatives to identify a preferred alternative rate for other interbank offered rates (“IBORs”). Both LIBOR and IBOR are herein referred to as “IBOR-indexed rate”. In November 2020, the Federal Reserve Board along with various independent groups announced the potential for certain USD LIBOR tenors to continue to be published until June 2023. This change would allow most legacy USD LIBOR contracts to mature before disruptions occur in the USD LIBOR market, without the need to transition these contracts to SOFR. In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, that provided practical expedients to address existing guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting due to the expected market transition from an IBOR-indexed rate to alternative reference rates, such as SOFR for LIBOR (“reference rate reform”). The first practical expedient within the ASU allows companies to elect to not apply certain modification accounting requirements to debt, derivative, and lease contracts affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The second practical expedient allows companies to change the reference rate and other critical terms related to the reference rate reform in derivative hedge documentation without having to designate the hedging relationship – allowing companies to continue applying hedge accounting to existing cash flow and net investment hedges. The ASU was effective on a prospective basis beginning January 1, 2020 and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. We will continue to evaluate debt, derivative, and lease contracts that are modified in the future to ensure they are eligible for modification relief and apply the available practical expedients as needed. Also, in December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848 (“ASU 2022-06”), which was issued to defer the sunset date of Topic 848 to December 31, 2024. ASU 2022-06 is effective immediately for all companies. ASU 2022-06 had no impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2023. Business Combinations. In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, "Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers," which requires contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASC 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," as if the acquirer had originated the contracts. ASU 2021-08 is applicable on a prospective basis and is effective for fiscal years and interim reporting periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2022 (or in January 1, 2023 for the Company). Early adoption is permitted. On January 1, 2023, we adopted this ASU and the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements. Segment Reporting. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting ("Topic 280"): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosure. The ASU is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption is permitted, and retrospective adoption required. We are currently evaluating the extent of the impact of this ASU on disclosures in our Consolidated Financial Statements. Income Taxes. In December 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes ("Topic 740"): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and to be applied prospectively, with retrospective application and early adoption both permitted. We are currently evaluating the extent of the impact of this ASU on disclosures in our Consolidated Financial Statements. We determined that all other recently issued accounting pronouncements that have yet to be adopted by the Company will not have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements or do not apply to our operations. |
Business Combinations |
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| Business Combinations | 3. Business Combinations On August 1, 2022, we completed the acquisition of a 61.1% indirect controlling interest in Teraco, a leading carrier-neutral data center and interconnection services provider in South Africa (the “Teraco Acquisition”). The total purchase price was $1.7 billion cash, funded by our Global Revolving Credit Facility and partial settlement of our forward equity sale agreements described under Note 14. “Equity and Capital—Forward Equity Sale.” Teraco controls (and consolidates) the Teraco Connect Trust (the “Trust”) that was created as part of the Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Program in South Africa. The Trust owns a 12% interest in Teraco’s primary operating company, however, because Teraco (and the Company) controls the Trust, the Trust is consolidated by Teraco (and the Company). If the Trust was not consolidated by Teraco, the Company’s ownership interest in Teraco would be approximately 55%. The following table summarizes the amounts recorded at the acquisition date (in thousands):
Goodwill — The purchase price of the Teraco Acquisition exceeded the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed by $1.6 billion. This amount was recorded as goodwill. We believe the strategic benefits of the acquisition support the value of goodwill recorded. Specifically, Teraco has numerous cross-connects, cloud on-ramps and data centers in addition to direct access to multiple subsea cables. The acquisition of Teraco added South Africa to the Company’s existing markets on the continent, including in Kenya, Mozambique, and Nigeria. The strategic importance of these markets has been enhanced by the recent and ongoing implementation of new subsea cable networks encircling Africa. When combined with the Company’s highly connected facilities in Marseille, France, and across EMEA, our customers now have a range of strategic connectivity hubs from which to serve all corners of the African market. The Teraco acquisition was not material and neither the investment in the assets nor the results of operations of the acquisition was significant to the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations, and thus pro forma information is not required to be presented. Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (“Redeemable NCI”) — As part of the Teraco Acquisition, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a put/call agreement with the owners of the interest in Teraco that was not acquired by the Company (the “Put/Call Agreement”). The interest retained by these owners is hereafter referred to as the “Remaining Teraco Interest” and the owners of such interest are hereafter referred to as the “Rollover Shareholders”. Pursuant to the Put/Call Agreement, the Rollover Shareholders have the right to sell all or a portion of the Remaining Teraco Interest to the Company for a two-year period beginning on February 1, 2026, and the Company has the right to purchase all or a portion of the Remaining Teraco Interest from the Rollover Shareholders for a one-year period beginning on February 1, 2028. Per the terms of the agreement, the purchase price of the Remaining Teraco Interest for the put right and the call right can be settled by the Company with cash, shares in the Company, or a combination of cash and shares. In the event the Company elects to settle a put or call in whole or in part with shares of Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s common stock, such shares will be issued in a private placement transaction with customary accompanying registration rights. Since the Rollover Shareholders can redeem the put right at their discretion and such redemption, which could be in cash, is outside the Company’s control, the Company recorded the noncontrolling interest as Redeemable NCI and classified it in temporary equity within its consolidated balance sheets. The Redeemable NCI was initially recorded at its acquisition-date fair value and will be adjusted each reporting period for income (or loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest (an $18.1 million and $4.8 million net loss for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively). If the contractual redemption value of the Redeemable NCI is greater than its carrying value, an adjustment is made to reflect Redeemable NCI at the higher of its contractual redemption value or its carrying value each reporting period. Changes to the redemption value are recognized immediately in the period the change occurs. If the redemption value of the Redeemable NCI is equal to or less than the fair market value of the Remaining Teraco Interest, the change in the redemption value will be adjusted through Additional Paid in Capital. If the redemption value is greater than the fair market value of the Remaining Teraco Interest, the change in redemption value will be adjusted through Retained Earnings. These adjustments are not reflected on the Company’s income statement, but are instead reflected as adjustments to the net income component of the Company’s earnings per share calculations. When calculating earnings per share attributable to Digital Realty Trust, Inc., the Company adjusts net income attributable to Digital Realty Trust, Inc. to the extent the redemption value exceeds the fair value of the Redeemable NCI on a cumulative basis. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from August 1, 2022 (date of acquisition) to December 31, 2022, no such adjustment was required. |
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Leases |
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| Leases | 4. Leases Lessor Accounting We generate the majority of our revenue by leasing operating properties to customers under operating lease agreements. The manner in which we recognize these transactions in our financial statements is described in Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—Revenue Recognition” to these Consolidated Financial Statements. Our largest customer’s total revenue approximates 10% of our total revenue base. No other individual customer makes up more than 6% of our total revenue. A summary of minimum lease payments due from our customers under operating leases of land, prestabilized development properties, and operating properties with lease periods of greater than one year at December 31, 2023 is shown below. These amounts do not reflect future rental revenues from renewal or replacement of existing leases unless we are reasonably certain we will exercise the option or the lessee has the sole ability to exercise the option. Reimbursements of operating expenses and variable rent increases are excluded from the table below.
Lessee Accounting We lease space and equipment at certain of our data centers from third parties under noncancelable lease agreements. Leases for our data centers expire on various dates through 2069. Certain of our data centers, primarily in Europe and Singapore, are subject to ground leases. As of December 31, 2023, the termination dates of these ground leases ranged from 2024 to 2073. In addition, our corporate headquarters along with several regional office locations are subject to leases with termination dates ranging from 2024 to 2036. The leases generally require us to make fixed rental payments that increase at defined intervals during the term of the lease plus pay our share of common area, real estate and utility expenses as incurred. The leases do not contain residual value guarantees and do not impose material restrictions or covenants on us. Further, the leases have been classified and accounted for as either operating or finance leases. Rent expense related to operating leases included in Rental property operating and maintenance expense in the consolidated income statements amounted to approximately $153.2 million, $144.0 million and $145.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the weighted average remaining lease term for our operating leases and finance leases was 13 years and 14 years, respectively. We do not include renewal options in the lease term for calculating the lease liability unless we are reasonably certain we will exercise the option or the lessor has the sole ability to exercise the option. The weighted average incremental borrowing rate was 3.4% for operating leases and 2.0% for finance leases at December 31, 2023. We assigned a collateralized interest rate to each lease based on the term of the lease and the currency in which the lease is denominated. Maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):
(1) Included in accounts payable and other accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. |
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Receivables |
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| Receivables | 5. Receivables Refer to Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—Revenue Recognition” for discussion of our accounting policies related to accounts receivable, deferred rent and related allowances. Accounts and Other Receivables, Net Accounts and other receivables, net is primarily comprised of contractual rents and other lease-related obligations currently due from customers. These amounts (net of an allowance for estimated uncollectible amounts) are shown in the subsequent table as Accounts receivable – trade, net. Other receivables shown separately from Accounts receivable – trade, net consist primarily of amounts that have not yet been billed to customers, such as for utility reimbursements and installation fees.
Deferred Rent, Net Deferred rent, net represents rental income that has been recognized as revenue under ASC 842, but which is not yet due from customers under their existing rental agreements. The Company recognizes an allowance against deferred rent receivables to the extent it becomes no longer probable that a customer or group of customers will be able to make substantially all of their required cash rental payments over the entirety of their respective lease terms. As of December 31, 2023, allowance for deferred rent receivables increased primarily due to a customer bankruptcy.
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Investments in Properties |
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| Investments in Properties | 6. Investments in Properties A summary of our investments in properties is below (in thousands):
In December 2023, the Company and Blackstone Inc. announced a $7 billion joint venture to develop four hyperscale data center campuses across Frankfurt, Paris and Northern Virginia. The disposition of a portion of our interest in the data center campuses met the criteria under ASC 360 for the assets to qualify as held for sale and contribution. However, the operations are not classified as discontinued operations as a result of our continuing interest in the joint venture. These data center campuses were not representative of a significant component of our portfolio, nor did the sale represent a significant shift in our strategy. We closed the first phase of the transaction in 2024. The Company will manage the development and day-to-day operations of the joint venture, for which it will receive customary fees. The second phase is subject to regulatory approvals and is targeted to close later in the year. As of December 31, 2023, real estate assets, including those mentioned above, that qualified as held for sale had an aggregate carrying value of $478.5 million within total assets and $39.0 million within total liabilities and are shown as Assets held for sale and Obligations associated with assets held for sale on the consolidated balance sheet. |
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Acquisitions and Dispositions of Properties |
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| Acquisitions and Dispositions of Properties | 7. Acquisitions and Dispositions of Properties Acquisitions of Properties For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, acquisitions of properties that did not qualify as business combinations were immaterial to our financial statements – both individually and in the aggregate. Disposition of Properties to Digital Core REIT On December 6, 2021, we completed the listing of Digital Core REIT as a standalone real estate investment trust publicly traded on the Singapore Exchange under the ticker symbol “DCRU”. Hereafter, Digital Core REIT and its associated subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the Singapore REIT (“SREIT”). In connection with the listing, the Company contributed a portfolio of 10 operating data center properties to the SREIT. The fair value of these properties was determined to be approximately $1.4 billion based on two separate third party appraisal reports. In exchange for the contribution of these properties, the Company received: (1) $919 million cash and (2) a 39.4% equity interest in the publicly traded Digital Core REIT entity, while retaining a 10% direct interest in the operating properties that were contributed by the Company to the SREIT. In addition, the Company received approximately $13 million of acquisition fees paid to the Company by Digital Core REIT in the form of additional units in Digital Core REIT. The Company determined the fair market value of its 10% retained investment in the properties contributed to the SREIT based on its retained ownership percentage applied to the appraised value of the properties. This approach was deemed appropriate because the Company determined that a discount for lack of marketability and/or lack of control associated with its 10% direct interest in the properties was not warranted. As a result of this transaction, the Company recognized a of approximately $1.0 billion – which is summarized below (in millions).
The Company provides property management and other services to the SREIT in exchange for contractual fees that are payable to the Company in cash or in additional units of the SREIT. The Company’s retained investment in the SREIT is accounted for as an equity method investment, based on the conclusion that the Company has significant influence over (but does not control) the SREIT. On December 13, 2022, we completed the sale of a 25% interest in a data center facility in Frankfurt, Germany to the SREIT for total consideration of approximately $146 million. Because the Company still controls this asset, no gain or loss was recorded on this 25% interest. In connection with this transaction, the SREIT loaned the consolidated subsidiary that owns the data center $79.8 million. The assets and liabilities sold to the SREIT were not representative of a significant component of our portfolio, nor did the sale represent a significant shift in our strategy. Disposition of Other Properties The Company sold the following other real estate properties during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
(1) Includes GI Partners, Realty Income, and TPG Real Estate. Joint venture contributions On July 13, 2023, we formed a joint venture with GI Partners, and GI Partners acquired a 65% interest in two stabilized hyperscale data center buildings in the Chicago metro area that we contributed. We received approximately $0.7 billion of gross proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the joint venture and the associated financing, and retained a 35% interest in the joint venture. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the data centers and recognized a gain on disposition of approximately $238 million. We also granted GI Partners an option to purchase an interest in the third facility on the same hyperscale data center campus in Chicago. In addition, GI Partners has a call option to increase their ownership interest in the joint venture from 65% to 80%. The call option top-up election notice was delivered to the Company on December 21, 2023. On January 12, 2024, GI Partners made an additional cash capital contribution in the amount of $68 million, resulting in an additional 15% ownership in the joint venture. Currently, GI Partners has an 80% interest in the joint venture, and we have retained a 20% interest. We perform the day-to-day accounting and property management functions for the joint venture and, as such, will earn a management fee. On July 25, 2023, we formed a joint venture with TPG Real Estate, and TPG Real Estate acquired an 80% interest in three stabilized hyperscale data center buildings in Northern Virginia that we contributed. We received approximately $1.4 billion of gross proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the joint venture and the associated financing and retained a 20% interest in the joint venture. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the data centers and recognized a gain on disposition of approximately $576 million. We perform the day-to-day accounting and property management functions for the joint venture and, as such, will earn a management fee. On November 10, 2023, we formed a joint venture with Realty Income to support the development of two data centers in Northern Virginia. The facilities were 100% pre-leased prior to construction. We contributed the two data center buildings at a purchase price of $185 million, which represented costs spent through November 10, 2023, to the new joint venture. We received approximately $148 million of gross proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the joint venture and retained a 20% interest in the joint venture. Realty Income contributed such cash to the joint venture in exchange for an 80% interest in the joint venture. Each partner will fund its pro rata share of the remaining $150 million estimated development cost for the first phase of the project, which is slated for completion in mid-2024. We perform the day-to-day accounting and property management functions for the joint venture and, as such, will earn a management fee. Non-core assets - In 2023, we closed on the sale of three non-core assets for gross proceeds of approximately $341 million resulting in a net gain on sale in the aggregate of approximately $87 million. The assets and liabilities sold were not representative of a significant component of our portfolio nor did the sale represent a significant shift in our strategy. Non-core building - On August 8, 2022, we sold a non-core building in Dallas for net proceeds of approximately $203 million resulting in a net on sale of approximately $174 million. The assets and liabilities sold were not representative of a significant component of our portfolio nor did the sale represent a significant shift in our strategy. European portfolio - On March 16, 2021, we sold a portfolio of 11 data centers in Europe (four in the United Kingdom, three in the Netherlands, three in France and one in Switzerland) to Ascendas Reit, a CapitaLand sponsored REIT, for total consideration of approximately $680 million (subject to customary final adjustments for working capital and other items). The total recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2021 as a result of this sale was approximately $332 million. The assets and liabilities sold were not representative of a significant component of our portfolio, nor did the sale represent a significant shift in our strategy. |
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| Investments in Unconsolidated Entities | 8. Investments in Unconsolidated Entities A summary of the Company’s investments in unconsolidated entities accounted for under the equity method of accounting is shown below (in thousands):
Includes the following unconsolidated entities along with our ownership percentage:
GI Partners Joint Venture – On July 13, 2023, we formed a joint venture with GI Partners. We contributed two stabilized hyperscale data center buildings in the Chicago metro area, at a purchase price of $900 million, to the new joint venture. We received approximately $0.7 billion of gross proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the joint venture and the associated financing and retained a 35% interest in the joint venture. GI Partners contributed such cash to the joint venture in exchange for a 65% interest in the joint venture. We also granted GI Partners an option to purchase an interest in the third facility on the same hyperscale data center campus in Chicago. In addition, GI Partners has a call option to increase their ownership interest in the joint venture from 65% to 80%. The call option top-up election notice was delivered to the Company on December 21, 2023. On January 12, 2024, GI Partners made an additional cash capital contribution in the amount of $68 million, resulting in an additional 15% ownership in the joint venture. Currently, GI Partners has an 80% interest in the joint venture, and we have retained a 20% interest. We perform the day-to-day accounting and property management functions for the joint venture and, as such, will earn a management fee. We serve as the managing member responsible for operations in the ordinary course of business. However, certain approval rights are granted through the terms of the joint venture agreement and require unanimous consent of both members with respect to any major decisions. Major decisions are defined to include the annual plan which sets out joint venture and property level budgets, including lease revenues, operating expenses, and capital expenditures. As such, we concluded we do not own a controlling interest and accounted for our interest in the joint venture under the equity method of accounting. As of the date of the joint venture formation, we used a discounted cash flow model to calculate the fair value of our retained equity interest. The fair value of the retained interest was $157 million and is classified as a Level 3 investment in the fair value hierarchy. The primary inputs to the valuation included volatility, hold period, and dividend yield. TPG Real Estate Joint Venture – On July 25, 2023, we formed a joint venture with TPG Real Estate. We contributed three stabilized hyperscale data center buildings in Northern Virginia, at a purchase price of $1.5 billion, to the new joint venture. We received approximately $1.4 billion of gross proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the joint venture and the associated financing and retained a 20% interest in the joint venture. TPG Real Estate contributed such cash to the joint venture in exchange for an 80% interest in the joint venture. We perform the day-to-day accounting and property management functions for the joint venture and, as such, will earn a management fee. We serve as the managing member responsible for operations in the ordinary course of business. However, certain approval rights are granted through the terms of the joint venture agreement and require unanimous consent of both members with respect to any major decisions. Major decisions are defined to include the annual plan which sets out joint venture and property level budgets, including lease revenues, operating expenses, and capital expenditures. As such, we concluded we do not own a controlling interest and accounted for our interest in the joint venture under the equity method of accounting. As of the date of the joint venture formation, we used a discounted cash flow model to calculate the fair value of our retained equity interest. The fair value of the retained interest was $121 million and is classified as a Level 3 investment in the fair value hierarchy. The primary inputs to the valuation included volatility, hold period, and dividend yield. Realty Income Joint Venture – On November 10, 2023, we formed a joint venture with Realty Income to support the development of two data centers in Northern Virginia. The facilities were 100% pre-leased prior to construction. We contributed the two data center buildings at a purchase price of $185 million, which represented costs spent through November 10, 2023, to the new joint venture. We received approximately $148 million of gross proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the joint venture and retained a 20% interest in the joint venture. Realty Income contributed such cash to the joint venture in exchange for an 80% interest in the joint venture. Each partner will fund its pro rata share of the remaining $150 million estimated development cost for the first phase of the project, which is slated for completion in mid-2024. We perform the day-to-day accounting and property management functions for the joint venture and, as such, will earn a management fee. We serve as the managing member responsible for operations in the ordinary course of business. However, certain approval rights are granted through the terms of the joint venture agreement and require unanimous consent of both members with respect to any major decisions. Major decisions are defined to include the annual plan which sets out joint venture and property level budgets, including lease revenues, operating expenses, and capital expenditures. As such, we concluded we do not own a controlling interest and accounted for our interest in the joint venture under the equity method of accounting. DCREIT – Digital Core REIT is a standalone real estate investment trust formed under Singapore law, which is publicly traded on the Singapore Exchange under the ticker symbol “DCRU”. Digital Core REIT owns 12 operating data center properties. The Company’s ownership interest in the units of DCRU, as well as its ownership interest in the operating properties of DCRU are collectively referred to as the Company’s investment in DCREIT. As of December 31, 2023, the Company held 36% of the outstanding DCRU units, separately owned a 10% direct retained interest in the underlying North American operating properties and a 75% direct retained interest in the underlying German operating property. The Company’s 36% interest in DCRU consisted of 406 million units and 396 million units as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Based on the closing price per unit of $0.65 and $0.55 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, the fair value of the units the Company owned in DCRU was approximately $264 million and $218 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These values do not include the value of the Company’s 10% interest in the North American operating properties and 75% interest in the German operating property of DCRU, because the associated ownership interests are not publicly traded. The Company accounts for its investment in DCREIT as an equity method investment (and not at fair value) based on the significant influence it is able to exert on DCREIT. Pursuant to contractual agreements with DCRU and its operating properties, the Company will earn fees for asset and property management services as well as fees for aiding in future acquisition, disposition and development activities. Certain of these fees are payable to the Company in the form of additional units in DCRU or in cash. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company earned fees pursuant to these contractual agreements of approximately $10.7 million and $10.6 million, respectively, which is recorded as fee income and other on the consolidated income statement. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we concluded that the decline in fair value of our equity investment in DCRU was other than temporary due to the length of time and extent to which the fair value of our investment has been less than the carrying value. As a result, we recorded an impairment charge of $95 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, which was recorded to provision for impairment in our consolidated income statements. The charge reflected the difference between the fair value of our equity investment in DCRU using DCRU's share price as of September 30, 2023 and the carrying value of our equity investment in DCRU at September 30, 2023. Ascenty – The Company’s ownership percentage in Ascenty includes an approximate 2% interest held by one of the Company’s non-controlling interest holders. This 2% interest had a carrying value of approximately $18 million and $23 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Ascenty is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) and the Company’s maximum exposure to loss related to this VIE is limited to our equity investment in the entity. Summarized Financial Information of Investments in Unconsolidated Entities The subsequent tables provide summarized financial information for all of our investments in unconsolidated entities accounted for using the equity method. Amounts are shown in thousands.
The amounts reflected in the previous tables on this topic are based on the historical financial information of the respective individual entities and have not been adjusted to show only the portion that is owned by the Company. The debt of our unconsolidated entities generally is non-recourse to us, except for customary exceptions pertaining to such matters as intentional misuse of funds, environmental conditions, and material misrepresentations. |
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| Goodwill | 9. Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Changes in the value of goodwill at December 31, 2023 as compared to December 31, 2022 were primarily driven by changes in exchange rates associated with goodwill balances denominated in foreign currencies. The following is a summary of goodwill activity for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):
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| Acquired Intangible Assets and Liabilities | 10. Acquired Intangible Assets and Liabilities The following table summarizes our acquired intangible assets and liabilities:
Amortization of customer relationship value, acquired in-place lease value and other intangibles (a component of depreciation and amortization expense) was approximately $252.0 million, $253.3 million and $262.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization of acquired below-market leases, net of acquired above-market leases, resulted in an increase in rental and other services revenue of $6.5 million and $2.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and a decrease of $3.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. Estimated annual amortization for each of the five succeeding years and thereafter, commencing January 1, 2024 is as follows:
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Debt of the Operating Partnership |
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| Debt of the Operating Partnership | 11. Debt of the Operating Partnership All debt is currently held by the OP or its consolidated subsidiaries, and the Parent is the guarantor or co-guarantor of the Global Revolving Credit Facility and the Yen Revolving Credit Facility, the unsecured term loans and the unsecured senior notes. A summary of outstanding indebtedness is as follows (in thousands):
The weighted-average interest rates shown represent interest rates at the end of the periods for the debt outstanding and include the impact of designated interest rate swaps, which effectively fix the interest rates on certain variable rate debt, along with cross-currency interest rate swaps, which effectively convert a portion of our U.S. dollar-denominated fixed-rate debt to foreign currency-denominated fixed-rate debt in order to hedge the currency exposure associated with our net investment in foreign subsidiaries. We primarily borrow in the functional currencies of the countries where we invest. Included in the outstanding balances were borrowings denominated in the following currencies (in thousands, U.S. dollars):
The table below summarizes our debt maturities and principal payments as of December 31, 2023 (in thousands):
Global Revolving Credit Facility We have a Global Revolving Credit Facility under which we may draw up to $3.75 billion on a revolving basis (subject to currency fluctuations). The Global Revolving Credit Facility can be drawn in Australian dollars, British pounds sterling, Canadian dollars, Euros, Hong Kong dollars, Japanese yen, Singapore dollars, Indonesian rupiah, Swiss francs, Korean won and U.S. dollars (with the ability to add other currencies in the future). On April 5, 2022, we entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the Second Amended and Restated Global Senior Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”). The Amendment provided for, among other things: (1) an increase in the size of the Global Revolving Credit Facility from $3.0 billion to $3.75 billion and (2) the transition from U.S. dollar London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) to Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) for floating rate borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars for all purposes under the Credit Agreement. We have the ability to increase the size of the Global Revolving Credit Facility by up to $750 million, subject to the receipt of lender commitments and other conditions precedent. Other key terms of the Global Revolving Credit Facility are as follows:
Yen Revolving Credit Facility In addition to the Global Revolving Credit Facility, we have a revolving credit facility that provides for borrowings in Japanese Yen of up to ¥33.3 billion (approximately $236.0 million based on the exchange rate on December 31, 2023), hereafter referred to as the Yen Revolving Credit Facility. We have the ability from time to time to increase the size of the Yen Revolving Credit Facility to up to ¥93.3 billion (approximately $661.4 million based on the exchange rate on December 31, 2023), subject to receipt of lender commitments and other conditions precedent. Other key terms of the Yen Revolving Credit Facility are as follows:
Restrictive Covenants in Global Revolving Credit Facility and Yen Revolving Credit Facility The Global Revolving Credit Facility and the Yen Revolving Credit Facility both contain various restrictive covenants, including limitations on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, make certain investments, or merge with another company. In addition, we are required to maintain financial coverage ratios, including with ratios respect to unencumbered assets. After the occurrence of and during the continuance of any event of default, these credit facilities restrict the Parent’s ability to make distributions to stockholders or redeem or otherwise repurchase shares of its capital stock, except in limited circumstances (such as those necessary to enable Digital Realty Trust, Inc. to maintain its qualification as a REIT and to minimize the payment of income or excise tax). As of December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all of such covenants for both of these revolving credit facilities. Unsecured Term Loans Euro Term Loan Agreement On August 11, 2022, the Company, the Operating Partnership, and certain of the Operating Partnership’s subsidiaries entered into a term loan agreement (the “Euro Term Loan Agreement”) which governs (i) a €375,000,000 three-year senior unsecured term loan facility (the “2025 Term Facility”), the entire amount of which was funded on such date, and (ii) a €375,000,000 five-year senior unsecured term loan facility (the “2025-27 Term Facility” and, together with the 2025 Term Facility, collectively, the “Euro Term Loan Facilities”), comprised of €125,000,000 of initial term loans, the entire amount of which was funded on such date, and €250,000,000 of delayed draw term loan commitments that were funded on September 9, 2023. The Euro Term Loan Facilities provide for borrowings in Euros. The 2025 Term Facility matures on August 11, 2025. The 2025-27 Term Facility matures on August 11, 2025, subject to two maturity extension options of one year each; provided that the Operating Partnership must pay a 0.125% extension fee based on the then-outstanding principal amount of the 2025-27 Term Facility commitments then outstanding. USD Term Loan Agreement On October 25, 2022, the Company, the Operating Partnership, and certain of the Operating Partnership’s subsidiaries entered into an escrow agreement (the “Escrow Agreement”) with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”), certain lenders (the “Lenders”), and Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, as escrow agent (the “Escrow Agent”), pursuant to which the Operating Partnership, the Company, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders delivered executed signature pages to a new term loan agreement among the Operating Partnership, the Company, the Lenders and the Administrative Agent (the “USD Term Loan Agreement”) to be held in escrow by the Escrow Agent and released by the Escrow Agent upon satisfaction of the terms described in the Escrow Agreement. On January 9, 2023, the terms and conditions of the Escrow Agreement were satisfied, and, on such date, the USD Term Loan Agreement was deemed executed and became effective. The USD Term Loan Agreement provides for a $740 million senior unsecured term loan facility (the “USD Term Loan Facility”). The USD Term Loan Facility provides for borrowings in U.S. dollars. The USD Term Loan Facility will mature on March 31, 2025, subject to one twelve-month extension option at the Operating Partnership’s option; provided, that the Operating Partnership must pay a 0.1875% extension fee based on the then-outstanding principal amount of the term loans under the USD Term Loan Facility. Unsecured Senior Notes The following table provides details of our unsecured senior notes (balances in thousands):
Restrictive Covenants in Unsecured Senior Notes The indentures governing our senior notes contain certain covenants, including (1) a leverage ratio not to exceed 60%, (2) a secured debt leverage ratio not to exceed 40% and (3) an interest coverage ratio of greater than 1.50. The covenants also require us to maintain total unencumbered assets of not less than 150% of the aggregate principal amount of unsecured debt. At December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with each of these financial covenants. Early Extinguishment of Unsecured Senior Notes We recognized the following losses on early extinguishment of unsecured notes:
Secured and Other Debt This amount consists of a variety of loans at fixed and floating rates ranging from 3.29% to 11.65%. The largest component of the balance are Teraco debt facilities in the amount of $413.8 million, with an effective interest rate of 9.36%, along with a $135.0 million mortgage loan for the Company’s Westin building in Seattle – which bears interest at 3.29%. The loan bearing interest at 11.65% is an unsecured loan with a balance of less than $10 million. |
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| Earnings per Common Share or Unit | 12. Earnings per Common Share or Unit The following is a summary of basic and diluted income per share/unit (in thousands, except per share/unit amounts): Digital Realty Trust, Inc. Earnings per Common Share
Digital Realty Trust, L.P. Earnings per Unit
The below table shows the securities that would be antidilutive or not dilutive to the calculation of earnings per share and unit. Common units of the Operating Partnership not owned by Digital Realty Trust, Inc. were excluded only from the calculation of earnings per share as they are not applicable to the calculation of earnings per unit. All other securities shown below were excluded from the calculation of both earnings per share and earnings per unit (in thousands).
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| Income Taxes | 13. Income Taxes Digital Realty Trust, Inc. has elected to be treated and believes that it has been organized and has operated in a manner that has enabled it to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. is generally not subject to corporate level federal income taxes on taxable income distributed currently to its stockholders. Since inception, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. has distributed at least 100% of its taxable income annually. As such, no provision for federal income taxes has been included in the Company’s accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. The Operating Partnership is a partnership and is not required to pay federal income tax. Instead, taxable income is allocated to its partners, who include such amounts on their federal income tax returns. As such, no provision for federal income taxes has been included in the Operating Partnership’s accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements. We have elected taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”) status for some of our consolidated subsidiaries. In general, a TRS may provide services that would otherwise be considered impermissible for REITs to provide and may hold assets that REITs cannot hold directly. Income taxes for TRS entities were accrued, as necessary, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. For our TRS entities and foreign subsidiaries that are subject to U.S. federal, state, local and foreign income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities at the enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. A valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is provided if we believe it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset may not be realized, based on available evidence at the time the determination is made. An increase or decrease in the valuation allowance that results from the change in circumstances that causes a change in our judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset is included in the income statement. Deferred tax assets (net of valuation allowance) and liabilities for our TRS entities and foreign subsidiaries were accrued, as necessary, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, we had deferred tax liabilities net of deferred tax assets of approximately $1,144.9 million and $1,184.6 million, respectively, primarily related to our foreign properties, classified within Other assets (deferred tax assets) and separately stated Deferred tax liabilities, net in the consolidated balance sheet. The majority of our net deferred tax liability relates to differences between foreign tax basis and book basis of the assets acquired in the Teraco Acquisition in August 2022, Interxion Combination in March 2020, the European Portfolio Acquisition in July 2016 and the Sentrum portfolio acquisition in 2012. The valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets at December 31, 2023 and 2022 relate primarily to net operating loss carryforwards, nondeductible interest expense carryforwards and hybrid attributes that we do not expect to utilize attributable to certain foreign jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2023, we are under examination for various years in Australia, France, Germany, Singapore and the United States. The amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2023, was $3.7 million, which includes $0.2 million of accrued interest and penalties. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):
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Equity and Capital |
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| Equity and Capital | 14. Equity and Capital Equity Distribution Agreement Digital Realty Trust, Inc. and Digital Realty Trust, L.P. were parties to an ATM Equity OfferingSM Sales Agreement dated April 1, 2022, as amended in 2023 (the “2022 Sales Agreement”). Pursuant to the 2022 Sales Agreement, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. could issue and sell common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $1.5 billion through various named agents from time to time. For the year ended December 31, 2023, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. generated net proceeds of approximately $1.1 billion from the issuance of approximately 11.3 million common shares under the 2022 Sales Agreement at an average price of $96.35 per share after payment of approximately $7.5 million of commissions to the agents. For the year ended December 31, 2022, we had no sales under the 2022 Sales Agreement. The 2022 Sales Agreement was terminated on August 4, 2023, and Digital Realty Trust, Inc. and Digital Realty Trust, L.P. entered into a new ATM Equity OfferingSM Sales Agreement dated August 4, 2023 (the “2023 Sales Agreement”). At the time of the termination, $408.7 million remained unsold under the 2022 Sales Agreement. Pursuant to the 2023 Sales Agreement, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. can issue and sell common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $1.5 billion through various named agents from time to time. For the year ended December 31, 2023, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. generated net proceeds of approximately $1.1 billion from the issuance of approximately 8.7 million common shares under the 2023 Sales Agreement at an average price of $133.21 per share after payment of approximately $11.4 million of commissions to the agents. As of December 31, 2023, approximately $343.4 million remained available for future sales under the 2023 Sales Agreement. Forward Equity Sale On September 13, 2021, the Parent completed an underwritten public offering of approximately 6.3 million shares of its common stock, all of which were offered in connection with forward sale agreements it entered into with certain financial institutions acting as forward purchasers. The forward purchasers borrowed and sold an aggregate of approximately 6.3 million shares of the Parent’s common stock in the public offering. The Parent did not receive any proceeds from the sale of common stock by the forward purchasers in the public offering. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we settled the forward sale agreements in full by issuing approximately 6.3 million shares, resulting in proceeds of approximately $939.0 million. Upon physical settlement of the forward sale agreements, the OP issued general partner common partnership units to the Parent in exchange for contribution of the net proceeds. We accounted for our forward equity sales agreements in accordance with the accounting guidance governing financial instruments and derivatives. Redeemable Preferred Stock The Company has issued and outstanding the following series of cumulative redeemable preferred stock, which are governed by the articles supplementary for the applicable series of preferred stock as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands, except for share cap and annual dividend rate).
Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership Noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership relate to the proportion of entities consolidated by the Company that are owned by third parties. The following table shows the ownership interest in the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:
Limited partners have the right to require the Operating Partnership to redeem all or a portion of their common units for cash based on the fair market value of an equivalent number of shares of Digital Realty Trust, Inc. common stock at the time of redemption. Alternatively, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. may elect to acquire those common units in exchange for shares of its common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits, stock dividends, issuance of stock rights, specified extraordinary distributions and similar events. The common units and incentive units of the Operating Partnership are classified within equity, except for certain common units issued to certain former DuPont Fabros Technology, L.P. unitholders in the Company’s acquisition of DuPont Fabros Technology, Inc., which are subject to certain restrictions and, accordingly, are not presented as permanent equity in the consolidated balance sheet. The redemption value of the noncontrolling Operating Partnership common units and the vested incentive units was approximately $834.1 million and $591.2 million based on the closing market price of Digital Realty Trust, Inc. common stock on December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The following table shows activity for the noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:
Dividends and Distributions Digital Realty Trust, Inc. Dividends We have declared and paid the following dividends on our common and preferred stock for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands, except per share data):
Digital Realty Trust, L.P. Distributions All distributions on the Operating Partnership’s units are at the discretion of Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s Board of Directors. The table below shows the distributions declared and paid by the Operating Partnership on its common and preferred units for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, (in thousands, except for per unit data):
Distributions out of Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s current or accumulated earnings and profits are generally classified as dividends whereas distributions in excess of its current and accumulated earnings and profits, to the extent of a stockholder’s U.S. federal income tax basis in Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s stock, are generally classified as a return of capital. Distributions in excess of a stockholder’s U.S. federal income tax basis in Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s stock are generally characterized as capital gain. Cash provided by operating activities has generally been sufficient to fund all distributions, however, in the future we may also need to utilize borrowings under the Global Revolving Credit Facility to fund all or a portion of distributions. |
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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net |
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| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net | 15. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net The accumulated balances for each item within Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are shown below (in thousands) for Digital Realty Trust, Inc. and separately for Digital Realty Trust, L.P: Digital Realty Trust, Inc.
Digital Realty Trust, L.P.
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Incentive Plans |
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| Incentive Plans | 16. Incentive Plans 2014 Incentive Award Plan The Company provides incentive awards in the form of common stock or awards convertible into common stock pursuant to the Digital Realty Trust, Inc., Digital Services, Inc. and Digital Realty Trust, L.P. 2014 Incentive Award Plan, as amended (the “Incentive Plan”). The major categories of awards that can be issued under the Incentive Plan include: Long-Term Incentive Units (“LTIP Units”): LTIP Units, in the form of profits interest units of the Operating Partnership, may be issued to eligible participants for the performance of services to or for the benefit of the Operating Partnership. LTIP Units (other than Class D units), whether vested or not, receive the same quarterly per-unit distributions as Operating Partnership common units. Initially, LTIP Units do not have full parity with common units with respect to liquidating distributions. However, if such parity is reached, vested LTIP Units may be converted into an equal number of common units of the Operating Partnership at any time. The awards generally vest over periods between and four years. Service-Based Restricted Stock Units: Service-based restricted stock units covering shares of Digital Realty Trust, Inc. common stock (“Restricted Stock Units”), which vest over periods between and four years, convert to shares of Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s common stock upon vesting. Performance-Based Awards (“the Performance Awards”): Performance-based Class D units of the Operating Partnership and performance-based Restricted Stock Units may be issued to officers and employees of the Company. The Performance Awards include performance-based and time-based vesting criteria. Depending on the type of award, the total number of units that qualify to fully vest is determined based on either a market performance criterion (“Market-Based Performance Awards”) or financial performance criterion (“Financial-Based Performance Awards”), in each case, subject to time-based vesting. Market-Based Performance Awards. The market performance criterion compares Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s total stockholder return (“TSR”) relative to the MSCI US REIT Index (“RMS”) over a three-year performance period (“Market Performance Period”), subject to continued service, in order to determine the percentage of the total eligible pool of units that qualifies to be awarded. Following the completion of the Market Performance Period, the awards then have a time-based vesting element pursuant to which 50% of the performance-vested units will fully vest in the February immediately following the end of the Market Performance Period and 50% of the performance-vested units will fully vest in the subsequent February. Vesting with respect to the market condition is measured based on the difference between Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s TSR percentage and the TSR percentage of the RMS as is shown in the subsequent table (the “RMS Relative Market Performance”).
If the RMS Relative Market Performance falls between the levels specified in the above table, the percentage of the award that will vest with respect to the market condition will be determined using straight-line linear interpolation between such levels. Following the completion of the applicable Market Performance Period, the Compensation Committee made the following determinations regarding the vesting of these awards. 2021 Awards
2020 Awards
2019 Awards
Financial-Based Performance Awards. On April 8, 2023, the Company granted Financial-Based Performance Awards, which vest based on growth in same-store cash net operating income during the three-year period commencing on January 1, 2023. The awards have a time-based vesting element consistent with the Market-Based Performance Awards discussed above. For these awards, fair value is based on market value on the date of grant and compensation cost is recognized based on the probable achievement of the performance condition at each reporting period. The grant date fair value of these awards was $8.1 million, based on Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s closing stock price at the grant date. On March 4, 2022, the Company granted Financial-Based Performance Awards, which vest based on the growth in core funds from operation (“Core FFO”) during the three-year period commencing on January 1, 2022. The awards have a time-based vesting element consistent with the Market-Based Performance Awards discussed above. For these awards, fair value is based on market value on the date of grant and compensation cost is recognized based on the probable achievement of the performance condition at each reporting period. The grant date fair value of these awards was $12.3 million, based on Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s closing stock price at the grant date. Fair Value of Market Performance-Based Awards The fair values of the Performance Awards granted were measured using a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the probability of the market vesting condition being satisfied. The Monte Carlo simulation is a probabilistic technique based on the underlying theory of the Black-Scholes formula, which was run for 100,000 trials to determine the fair value of the awards. For each trial, the payoff to an award is calculated at the settlement date and is then discounted to the grant date at a risk-free interest rate. The total expected value of the awards on the grant date was determined by multiplying the average value per award over all trials by the number of awards granted. Assumptions used in the valuations are summarized as follows:
The expected stock price volatility assumption is calculated based on our historical volatility, which is calculated over a period of time commensurate with the expected term of the awards being valued. The expected dividend yield assumption used in the Monte Carlo simulation represents the percent of return to a stock that is available to the holder of an award. Because the holders of the awards receive dividend equivalents, an expected dividend yield assumption of 0.00% was used in the valuation. These valuations were performed in a risk-neutral framework, and no assumption was made with respect to an equity risk premium. The grant date fair value of the Performance Awards was approximately $8.2 million, $12.3 million and $25.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We recognize compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the expected service period of approximately four years. The aggregate intrinsic value of the Performance Awards that vested in 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $36.4 million, $41.2 million and $28.6 million, respectively. Other Items: In addition to the LTIP Units, service-based Restricted Stock Units and Performance Awards described above, one-time grants of time and/or performance-based Class D units and Restricted Stock Units were issued in connection with the Interxion Combination. These awards vested over two- and three-year performance periods ending in 2022 and 2023 based on continued service and/or the attainment of performance metrics related to successful integration of the Interxion business. As of December 31, 2023, approximately 4.2 million shares of common stock, including awards that can be converted to or exchanged for shares of common stock, remained available for future issuance under the Incentive Plan. Each LTIP unit and each Class D unit issued under the Incentive Plan counts as one share of common stock for purposes of calculating the limit on shares that may be issued under the Incentive Plan and the individual award limits set forth therein. Below is a summary of compensation expense and unearned compensation (in millions):
The following table sets forth the weighted-average fair value per share/unit for each type of incentive award at the date of grant for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
Activity for LTIP Units and service-based Restricted Stock Units for the year ended December 31, 2023 is shown below.
The grant date fair values, which equal the market price of Digital Realty Trust, Inc. common stock on the applicable grant date(s), are being expensed on a straight-line basis for service awards between and four years, the current vesting periods of the long-term incentive units. The aggregate intrinsic value of long-term incentive units that vested in 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $18.3 million, $18.1 million and $17.5 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately 1.2 million long-term incentive units that were outstanding and exercisable with an aggregate intrinsic value of approximately $158.1 million (based on the market price of our common stock as of December 31, 2023).
The grant date fair values, which equal the market price of Digital Realty Trust, Inc. common stock on the grant date, are expensed on a straight-line basis for service awards over the vesting period of the restricted stock, which is generally four years. The aggregate intrinsic value of restricted stock that vested in 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $41.5 million, $59.0 million and $53.4 million, respectively. Interxion Equity Plans On March 9, 2020, in connection with the Interxion Combination, certain outstanding awards granted under various Interxion equity plans were assumed by Digital Realty Trust, Inc. and converted into adjusted equity-based awards of Digital Realty Trust, Inc. common stock in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement for the Interxion Combination. All such awards will continue to be governed by the terms of the applicable Interxion equity plan and underlying award agreement evidencing the award. Approximately 0.6 million shares of Digital Realty Trust, Inc. common stock are registered and issuable pursuant to such awards. The impact of these plans is included in the tables above. Defined Contribution Plans We have a 401(k) plan whereby our U.S. employees may contribute a portion of their compensation to their respective retirement accounts, in an amount not to exceed the maximum allowed under the Code. The 401(k) plan complies with Internal Revenue Service requirements as a 401(k) safe harbor plan whereby matching contributions made by us are 100% vested. The aggregate cost of our contributions to the 401(k) plan was approximately $6.8 million, $5.9 million, and $5.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In addition, Interxion has a defined contribution pension plan for most of its employees. Contributions are made in accordance with the terms of such defined contribution pension plan and are expensed as incurred. |
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Derivative Instruments |
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| Derivative Instruments | 17. Derivative Instruments Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments Net Investment Hedges In September 2022, we entered into cross-currency interest rate swaps, which effectively convert a portion of our U.S. dollar-denominated fixed-rate debt to foreign currency-denominated fixed-rate debt in order to hedge the currency exposure associated with our net investment in foreign subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, we had cross-currency interest rate swaps outstanding with notional amounts of approximately $1.7 billion and maturity dates ranging through 2028. The effect of these net investment hedges on accumulated other comprehensive loss and the consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was as follows (in thousands):
Cash Flow Hedges As of December 31, 2023, we had derivatives designated as cash flow hedges on 50% of the Euro Term Loan Facilities (€750 million notional amount) and 68% of the USD Term Loan Facility ($740 million notional amount). Amounts reported in Accumulated other comprehensive loss related to interest rate swaps are reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on our debt. As of December 31, 2023, we estimate that an additional $6.4 million will be reclassified as a decrease to interest expense during the year ending December 31, 2024, when the hedged forecasted transactions impact earnings. On December 13, 2021, in connection with the paydown of our secured note due March 2023, we terminated interest rate swap agreements with notional amounts in the aggregate of $104.0 million and, as a result of the termination, the accumulated fair value of the interest rate swap will be ratably reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income to on the accompanying consolidated income statement over the original term of the interest rate swap. The effect of these cash flow hedges on accumulated other comprehensive loss and the consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, was as follows (in thousands):
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments The subsequent table presents the fair value of derivative instruments recognized in our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):
Credit-Risk Related Contingent Features Upon entering into derivatives, we have agreements with each of our derivative counterparties that contain a provision where we could be declared in default on our derivative obligations if repayment of the underlying indebtedness is accelerated by the lender due to our default on the indebtedness. |
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
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| Fair Value of Financial Instruments | 18. Fair Value of Financial Instruments We disclose fair value information for all financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the consolidated balance sheets, for which it is practicable to estimate fair value. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data in order to estimate the fair value of financial instruments. The use of different market assumptions or estimation methods may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts. The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts and other receivables, accounts payable and other accrued liabilities, accrued dividends and distributions, security deposits and prepaid rents approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying value of our Global Revolving Credit Facilities, Euro Term Loan Facilities and USD Term Loan Facility approximates estimated fair value, because these liabilities have variable interest rates and our credit ratings have remained stable. Differences between the carrying value and fair value of our unsecured senior notes and secured and other debt are caused by differences in interest rates or borrowing spreads that were available to us on December 31, 2023 and 2022 as compared to those in effect when the debt was issued or assumed. As described in Note 17. "Derivative Instruments", outstanding derivative contracts are recorded at fair value. We calculate the fair value of our secured and other debt and unsecured senior notes based on currently available market rates assuming the loans are outstanding through maturity and considering the collateral and other loan terms. In determining the current market rate for fixed rate debt, a market spread is added to the quoted yields on federal government treasury securities with similar maturity dates to our debt. The aggregate estimated fair value and carrying value of our Global Revolving Credit Facilities, Euro Term Loan Facilities and USD Term Loan Facility, unsecured senior notes and secured and other debt as of the respective periods is shown below (in thousands):
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Commitments and Contingencies |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |
| Commitments and Contingencies. | |
| Commitments and Contingencies | 19. Commitments and Contingencies Construction Commitments – Our properties require periodic investments of capital for tenant-related capital expenditures and for general capital improvements and from time to time in the normal course of our business, we enter into various construction contracts with third parties that may obligate us to make payments. At December 31, 2023, we had open commitments, including amounts reimbursable of approximately $78.3 million, related to construction contracts of approximately $2.2 billion. Legal Proceedings – Although the Company is involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, as of December 31, 2023, the Company is not currently a party to any legal proceedings nor, to its knowledge, is any legal proceeding threatened against it that it believes would have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or liquidity. As we disclosed in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 9, 2023, the Division of Enforcement of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is conducting an investigation into the adequacy of our disclosures of cybersecurity risks and our related disclosure controls and procedures. We are cooperating with the SEC and are not aware of any cybersecurity issue or event that caused the Staff to open this matter. Responding to an investigation of this type can be costly and time-consuming. While we are unable to predict the likely outcome of this matter or the potential cost or exposure or duration of the process, based on the information we currently possess, we do not expect the total potential cost to be material to our financial condition. If the SEC believes that violations occurred, it could seek remedies including, but not limited to, civil monetary penalties and injunctive relief, and/or file litigation against the Company. |
Supplemental Cash Flow Information |
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| Supplemental Cash Flow Information | 20. Supplemental Cash Flow Information Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash balances as of December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021:
We paid $391.4 million, $271.5 million and $274.7 million for interest, net of amounts capitalized, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we capitalized interest of approximately $116.8 million, $70.6 million and $53.5 million, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we capitalized amounts relating to compensation and other overhead expense of employees direct and incremental to construction activities of approximately $99.2 million, $86.1 million and $71.2 million, respectively. We paid $88.8 million, $41.7 million and $29.9 million for income taxes, net of refunds, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Accrued construction related costs totaled $599.4 million, $417.1 million and $423.0 million as of years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. |
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Segment and Geographic Information |
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| Segment and Geographic Information | 21. Segment and Geographic Information A majority of the Company’s largest customers are global entities that transact with the Company across multiple geographies worldwide. In order to better address the needs of these global customers, the Company manages critical decisions around development, operations, and leasing globally based on customer demand considerations. In this regard, the Company manages customer relationships on a global basis in order to achieve consistent sales and delivery experience of our products for our customers throughout the global portfolio. In order to best accommodate the needs of global customers (and customers that might one day become global), the Company manages its operations as a single global business – with one operating segment and therefore one reporting segment.
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Subsequent Events |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |
| Subsequent Events | |
| Subsequent Events | 22. Subsequent Events In December 2023, the Company and Blackstone Inc. announced a $7 billion joint venture to develop four hyperscale data center campuses across Frankfurt, Paris and Northern Virginia. The campuses are planned to support the construction of 10 data centers with approximately 500 megawatts of potential IT load capacity. Blackstone will invest approximately $700 million to acquire an 80% equity interest in the joint venture, while the Company would maintain a 20% interest. The Company will manage the development and day-to-day operations of the joint venture, for which it will receive customary fees. Subsequent to year end, the first phase of the joint venture closed on hyperscale data center campuses in Paris and Northern Virginia, while the second phase is scheduled to close later in 2024, upon obtaining the required regulatory approvals.
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Schedule III Properties And Accumulated Depreciation |
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| Schedule III Properties And Accumulated Depreciation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule III Properties And Accumulated Depreciation |
(1) Tax Cost The aggregate gross cost of the Company’s properties for federal income tax purposes approximated $42.6 billion (unaudited) as of December 31, 2023. (2) Historical Cost and Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization The following table reconciles the historical cost of the Company’s properties for financial reporting purposes for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023.
The following table reconciles accumulated depreciation and amortization of the Company’s properties for financial reporting purposes for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023.
Schedules other than those listed above are omitted because they are not applicable or the information required is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or the notes thereto. |
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General (Policies) |
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| Organization and Description of Business | Organization and Description of Business. Digital Realty Trust, Inc. (the Parent), through its controlling interest in Digital Realty Trust, L.P. (the Operating Partnership or the OP) and the subsidiaries of the OP (collectively, we, our, us or the Company), is a leading global provider of data center (including colocation and interconnection) solutions for customers across a variety of industry verticals ranging from cloud and information technology services, social networking and communications to financial services, manufacturing, energy, healthcare, and consumer products. The OP, a Maryland limited partnership, is the entity through which the Parent, a Maryland corporation, conducts its business of owning, acquiring, developing and operating data centers. The Parent operates as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Parent’s only material asset is its ownership of partnership interests of the OP. The Parent generally does not conduct business itself, other than acting as the sole general partner of the OP, issuing public securities from time to time and guaranteeing certain unsecured debt of the OP and certain of its subsidiaries and affiliates. The Parent has not issued any debt but guarantees the unsecured debt of the OP and certain of its subsidiaries and affiliates. The OP holds substantially all the assets of the Company. The OP conducts the operations of the business and has no publicly traded equity. Except for net proceeds from public equity issuances by the Parent, which are generally contributed to the OP in exchange for partnership units, the OP generally generates the capital required by the Company’s business primarily through the OP’s operations, by the OP’s or its affiliates’ direct or indirect incurrence of indebtedness or through the issuance of partnership units. |
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| Accounting Principles and Basis of Presentation | Accounting Principles and Basis of Presentation. The accompanying consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes (the “Consolidated Financial Statements”) are prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") and are presented in our reporting currency, the U.S. dollar. All of the accounts of the Parent, the OP, and the subsidiaries of the OP are included in the Consolidated Financial Statements. All material intercompany transactions with consolidated entities have been eliminated. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Management Estimates and Assumptions | Management Estimates and Assumptions. U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period, reported amounts for assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements. Although we believe the estimates and assumptions we made are reasonable and appropriate, as discussed in the applicable sections throughout the Consolidated Financial Statements, different assumptions and estimates could materially impact our reported results. Actual results and outcomes may differ from our assumptions. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidation | Consolidation. We consolidate all entities that are wholly owned as well as all partially-owned entities that we control. In addition, we consolidate any variable interest entities (“VIEs”) for which we are the primary beneficiary. We evaluate whether or not an entity is a VIE (and we are the primary beneficiary) through consideration of substantive terms in the arrangement to identify which enterprise has the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses/receive benefits from the entity. For entities that do not meet the definition of VIEs, we first consider if we are the general partner or a limited partner (or the equivalent in investments not structured as partnerships). We consolidate entities in which we are the general partner and the limited partners do not have rights that would preclude control. For entities in which we are the general partner, but the limited partners hold substantive participating or kick-out rights that prohibit our ability to control the entity, we apply the equity method of accounting since, as the general partner, we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the entities. For entities in which we are a limited partner, or that are not structured similar to a partnership, we consider factors such as ownership interest, voting control, authority to make decisions and contractual and substantive participating rights of the partners. When factors indicate we have a controlling financial interest in an entity, we consolidate the entity. |
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| Foreign Operations and Foreign Currencies | Foreign Operations and Foreign Currencies. The functional currency of each of our consolidated subsidiaries and unconsolidated entities operating in other countries is the principal currency in which each entity’s assets, liabilities, income and expenses are denominated, which may be different from the local currency of incorporation or the currency with which the entities conduct their operations. The primary functional currencies impacting our business include the Euro, Japanese yen, British pound sterling, Singapore dollar, South African rand and Brazilian real. For our consolidated subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, we translate financial statements into U.S. dollars at the time we consolidate these subsidiaries’ financial statements. Generally, assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Certain balance sheet items, such as equity and capital-related accounts are reflected at historical exchange rates. Income statement accounts are generally translated at the average exchange rates for the reporting periods. We and certain of our consolidated subsidiaries have intercompany and third-party debt that is not denominated in the functional currency of the entities. When debt is denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of an entity, a gain or loss can result. The associated adjustment is reflected in other (expenses) income, net, in the consolidated income statements, unless it is intercompany debt that is deemed to be long-term in nature or third-party debt that has been designated as a nonderivative net investment hedge – in which case the associated adjustments are reflected as a cumulative translation adjustment as a component of other comprehensive income. In the statement of cash flows, cash flows denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rates in effect at the time of the respective cash flows or at average exchange rates for the period, depending on the nature of the cash flow items. |
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| Acquisition Accounting | Acquisition Accounting. We evaluate whether or not substantially all of the value of acquired assets is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of identifiable assets to determine whether a transaction is accounted for as an asset acquisition or a business combination. For asset acquisitions: (1) transaction costs are included in the total costs of the acquisition and are allocated on a pro-rata basis to the carrying value of the assets and liabilities acquired, (2) real estate assets acquired are measured based on their cost or total consideration exchanged with any excess consideration or bargain purchase amount allocated to real estate properties and their associated intangibles such as above and below-market leases, in-place leases, acquired ground leases, and customer relationship value and (3) all other assets and liabilities assumed, including any debt, are recorded at fair value. For business combinations: (1) transaction costs are expensed as incurred, (2) all acquired tangible and identifiable intangible assets are recognized at fair value, (3) the amount of any purchase consideration that exceeds the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired is recognized as goodwill, and (4) to the extent the purchase consideration is less than the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired, a gain on bargain purchase is recognized. When we obtain control of an unconsolidated entity that we previously held as an equity method investment and the acquisition qualifies as a business combination, we remeasure our previously held interest in the unconsolidated entity at its acquisition-date fair value, derecognize the book value associated with that interest, and recognize any resulting gain or loss in earnings. We allocate purchase price primarily using Level 2 and Level 3 inputs (further defined in Fair Value Measurements) as follows: Real Estate. The fair value of acquired land is determined based on relevant market data, such as comparable land sales. The fair value of acquired improvements is determined based on replacement cost as adjusted for any physical and/or market obsolescence. Operating properties are valued as if they are vacant (“as-if-vacant”) by applying an income approach methodology using either a discounted cash flow analysis or by applying a capitalization rate to the estimated Net Operating Income (“NOI”) of a property. As-if-vacant values consider estimated carrying costs during expected lease-up periods and costs to execute similar leases (based on current market conditions). Carrying costs during expected lease up periods include real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses as well as estimates of lost rental revenue during the expected lease-up periods. Costs to execute similar leases include lease commissions, tenant improvements, legal and other related costs. Lease Intangibles. The portion of the purchase price related to acquired in-place leases is recorded as intangible assets and liabilities as follows:
Debt. We recognize the fair value of any acquired debt based on contractual future cash flows discounted using borrowing spreads and market interest rates that would be available to us for issuance of debt with similar terms and remaining maturities. If acquired debt is publicly traded, we utilize available market data to determine fair value of the debt. Any discount or premium on the principal is included in the carrying value of the debt and amortized to interest expense over the remaining term of the debt using the effective interest method. Noncontrolling interests. The fair value of the ownership percentage of acquired entities held by third parties is determined based on the fair value of the consolidated net assets acquired, adjusted for any put or call options or other such features associated of the noncontrolling interests. Other acquired assets and liabilities. The fair value of other acquired assets and liabilities is determined using the best information available. For working capital items that are short-term in nature, fair value is generally presumed to equal the seller’s carrying value, unless facts and circumstances suggest otherwise. |
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| Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements. Fair value is intended to reflect the price that would be received for the sale of an asset or paid for the transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (the exit price). We estimate fair value using available market information and valuation methods we believe to be appropriate for these purposes. Given the significant amount of judgement and subjectivity involved in the determination of fair value, estimated fair value is not necessarily indicative of amounts that would be realized on disposition. There are three levels in the fair value hierarchy under U.S. GAAP, which are:
In instances where inputs from multiple different levels of the fair value hierarchy are used to determine fair value, the lowest level input that is significant is used to determine the fair-value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to a fair-value measurement requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. We utilize fair value measurements on a recurring basis to determine the fair value of: marketable equity securities, share-based compensation awards, derivative instruments, and outstanding debt. Such measurements are also regularly utilized in assessing whether or not impairments may exist on intangible assets (including goodwill). In addition, we utilize fair value measurements on a non-recurring basis to determine the fair value associated with assets held for sale, acquisitions of assets, and acquisitions of businesses. |
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| Investments in Unconsolidated Entities | Investments in Unconsolidated Entities. Investments in unconsolidated entities as reflected on the consolidated balance sheets includes all investments accounted for using the equity method. We use the equity method to account for these investments, because we have the ability to exercise significant influence over their operating and financial policies, but do not control them. Equity method investments are initially recognized at our cost. Transaction costs related to the formation of equity method investments are also capitalized. We subsequently adjust these balances to reflect: (1) our proportionate share of net earnings/losses of the entities and accumulated other comprehensive income or loss, (2) distributions received, (3) contributions made, (4) sales and redemptions of our investments, and (5) certain other adjustments, as appropriate. When circumstances indicate there may have been a reduction in the value of an equity method investment, we evaluate whether or not the loss in value is other than temporary. If we determine that a loss in value is other than temporary, we recognize an impairment charge to reflect the equity investment at fair value. With regard to the cash flow classifications of distributions from unconsolidated entities, we have elected the nature of the distribution approach as the information is available to us to determine the nature of the underlying activity that generated the distributions. In accordance with this approach, cash flows generated from the operations of an unconsolidated entity are classified as a return on investment (cash inflow from operating activities) and cash flows that are generated from property sales, debt refinancing or sales and redemptions of our investments are classified as a return of investment (cash inflow from investing activities). The Company has a negligible value of investments accounted for under the cost-method. These investments are included in Other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. |
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| Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash | Cash and Cash Equivalents. We consider all cash on hand, demand deposits with financial institutions, and short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less to be cash and cash equivalents. Our cash and cash equivalents are financial instruments exposed to concentrations of credit risk. We invest our cash with high-credit quality institutions. We may invest our cash balances in money market accounts that are not insured. We do not believe we are exposed to any significant credit risk associated with our cash and cash equivalents and have not realized any losses associated with cash investments or accounts. Restricted Cash. Cash that is held for a specific purpose and thus not available to us for immediate or general business use is categorized separately from cash and cash equivalents and is included in Other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Restricted cash primarily consists of contractual capital expenditures and other deposits. |
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| Assets Held for Sale | Assets Held for Sale. We classify an asset as held for sale when the following criteria are met: (1) management that has the proper authority has approved and committed to a plan to sell, (2) the asset is available for immediate sale, (3) an active program to locate a buyer has commenced, (4) the sale of the asset is probable, and (5) transfer of the asset is expected to occur within one year. Assets classified as held for sale are recorded at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell and are no longer depreciated. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Investments in Real Estate | Investments in Real Estate. Investments in real estate are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Land is not depreciated. Depreciation and amortization are recorded on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the respective assts. Depreciable lives of assets are stated below.
Improvements and replacements are capitalized when they extend the useful life, increase capacity, or improve the efficiency of the asset. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. |
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| Capitalization of Costs | Capitalization of Costs. Development costs – During the land development and construction periods of qualifying projects, we capitalize direct and indirect project costs that are clearly associated with the development of properties. Capitalized project costs include all costs associated with the development of a property. Such costs include the cost of land and buildings, improvements and fixed equipment, design and engineering, other construction costs, interest, property taxes, insurance, legal fees, personnel working on the project, and corporate supervision. Capitalization of costs ceases when development projects are substantially complete and ready for their intended use. We generally consider development projects to be substantially complete and ready for intended use upon receipt of a certificate of occupancy. Leasing commissions – Leasing commissions and other direct costs associated with the acquisition of tenants are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related leases. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we capitalized deferred leasing costs of approximately $43.1 million, $51.8 million and $42.8 million, respectively. Deferred leasing costs are included in Customer relationship value, deferred leasing costs and intangibles on the consolidated balance sheet and amounted to approximately $220.5 million and $257.0 million, net of accumulated amortization of $558.3 million and $514.3 million, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Amortization expense on leasing costs was approximately $76.8 million, $79.2 million, and $83.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. |
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| Recoverability of Real Estate Assets | Recoverability of Real Estate Assets. We assess the carrying value of our properties whenever events or circumstances indicate carrying amounts of these assets may not be fully recoverable (“triggering events"). Triggering events typically relate to a change in the expected holding period of a property, an adverse change in expected future cash flows of the property, or a trend of past cash flow losses that is expected to continue in the future. If our assessment of triggering events indicates the carrying value of a property or asset group might not be recoverable, we estimate the future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets and compare that amount to the book value of the assets. If our future undiscounted net cash flow evaluation indicates we are unable to recover the carrying value of a property or asset group, we record an impairment loss to provision for impairment in our consolidated income statements to the extent the carrying value of the property or asset group exceeds fair value. We generally estimate fair value of rental properties using a discounted cash flow analysis that includes projections of future revenues, expenses, and capital improvements that a market participant would use. In certain cases, we may supplement this analysis by obtaining outside broker opinions of value. When determining undiscounted future cash flows, we consider factors such as future operating income trends and prospects as well as the effects of leasing demand, competition and other factors. |
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| Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets | Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not amortized. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment at the reporting unit level. The Company has one reportable segment and one reporting unit. We evaluate goodwill for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. In addition to monitoring for impactful events and circumstances, we perform an annual one-step quantitative test in which we compare the reporting unit’s carrying value to its fair value. We determine the fair value of the reporting unit based on quoted market prices of the Company’s publicly traded shares. To the extent the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, we would record an impairment charge equal to the amount by which the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value. We have not recognized any goodwill impairments since our inception. Since a significant aspect of our goodwill is denominated in foreign currencies, changes to our goodwill balance can occur over time due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Other acquired intangible assets consist primarily of customer relationship value and in-place lease value. All of our other acquired intangible assets have finite useful lives. If impairment indicators arise with respect to these finite-lived intangible assets, we evaluate for impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the assets to the estimated future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If estimated future undiscounted cash flows exceed the carrying value of the assets, we record an impairment charge equal to the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets. We have no indefinite-lived intangible assets other than goodwill. |
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| Share-Based Compensation | Share-Based Compensation. The Company provides a variety of share-based compensation awards to employees and directors, including awards that contain time-based vesting criteria and a combination of time-based and performance-based criteria. The Company measures all share-based compensation awards at grant date fair value. The fair value of awards that include only a time-based service condition (“time-based awards”) and / or a performance-based condition is the closing price of the Company’s publicly traded shares at the grant date – and is expensed over the requisite service period. The fair value of awards that include a combination of market-based criteria and time-based vesting is measured using a Monte Carlo simulation method. The fair value of these awards is expensed over the requisite service period – and is not adjusted based on actual achievement of the market performance condition. |
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| Derivative Instruments | Derivative Instruments. As part of the Company’s risk management program, a variety of financial instruments, such as interest rate swaps and foreign exchange contracts, may be used to mitigate interest rate and foreign currency exposures. The Company utilizes derivative instruments to manage risks, and not for trading or speculative purposes. All derivatives are recorded at fair value. The majority of inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. However, credit valuation adjustments utilize Level 3 inputs (such as estimates of current credit spreads). Based on the insignificance of credit valuation adjustments to the overall valuation of our derivatives, we have determined that valuation of our outstanding derivatives is properly categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognized periodically either in earnings or in other comprehensive income (loss), depending on whether the derivative financial instrument is undesignated or qualifies for hedge accounting, and if so, whether it represents a fair value, cash flow, or net investment hedge. Gains and losses on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, to the extent they are included in the assessment of effectiveness, are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently reclassified to earnings to offset the impact of the hedged items when they occur. In the event it becomes probable the forecasted transaction to which a cash flow hedge relates will not occur, the derivative would be terminated and the amount in other comprehensive income (loss) would be recognized in earnings. Gains and losses representing components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness for cash flow and fair value hedges are recognized in earnings on a straight-line basis in the same caption as the hedged item over the term of the hedge. Gains and losses representing components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness for net investment hedges are recognized in earnings on a straight-line basis over the term of the hedge. Interest Rate Swaps – The Company uses interest rate swaps to add stability to interest expense and to manage our exposure to interest rate movements related to certain floating rate debt obligations. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. We record all interest rate swaps on the balance sheet at fair value. The fair value of interest rate swaps is determined using the market standard methodology of netting discounted future fixed cash receipts (or payments) and discounted expected variable cash payments (or receipts). Variable cash payments (or receipts) are based on expected future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves. We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect nonperformance risk for the Company and for the respective counterparties. The counterparties of interest rate swaps are generally larger financial institutions engaged in providing a variety of financial services. Interest rate derivatives are presented on a gross basis on the consolidated balance sheets – with interest rate swap assets presented in other assets, and interest rate swap liabilities presented in accounts payable and other accrued liabilities. As of December 31, 2023, there was no impact from netting arrangements, because the Company had no derivatives in liability positions. Net interest paid or received on interest rate swaps is recognized as interest expense. Gains and losses resulting from the early termination of interest rate swap agreements are deferred and amortized as adjustments to interest expense over the remaining period of the debt originally covered by the terminated swap. Foreign Currency Contracts – The Company may, from time to time, enter into forward contracts pursuant to which we agree to sell an amount of one currency in exchange for an agreed-upon amount of another currency. These agreements are typically entered into to manage exposures related to transactions that are settled in currencies other than the functional currency of the legal entity that is party to the transactions. To the extent the Company does not designate such instruments as hedges, changes in the fair value of these instruments are reflected in earnings. The Company had no outstanding derivative foreign currency contracts as of December 31, 2023. Hedge of Net Investment in Foreign Operations – The Company has no outstanding derivatives that function as hedges of net investments in foreign operations. However, notes denominated in the Swiss franc with a total outstanding principal balance of 545 million Swiss francs (“CHF”) issued by Digital Intrepid Holding B.V. (“DIH”, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the OP with Euro functional currency) are designated as non-derivative hedges of DIH’s net investment in certain of its subsidiaries that have CHF as the functional currency. Changes in the fair value of these hedges, to the extent they are included in the assessment of effectiveness, are reported in other comprehensive income (loss) and will be deferred until disposal of the underlying assets (which is currently not expected to occur). Any amounts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are reflected as foreign-currency transaction gains/losses which are included as Other (expense) income, net in the consolidated income statements. Cross-Currency Interest Rate Swaps – The Company's cross-currency interest rate swap agreements synthetically swap U.S. dollar-denominated fixed rate debt for foreign currency-denominated fixed rate debt and are designated as net investment hedges for accounting purposes. The gain or loss on the net investment hedge derivative instruments is included in the foreign currency translation component of other comprehensive income until the net investment is sold, diluted, or liquidated. Interest payments received from the cross-currency swaps are excluded from the net investment hedge effectiveness assessment and are recorded in interest expense on the consolidated income statements. See Note 17. “Derivative Instruments” for further discussion on the Company’s outstanding derivative instruments. |
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| Income Taxes | Income Taxes. Digital Realty Trust, Inc. has elected to be treated as a real estate investment trust (a “REIT”) for federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. generally is not required to pay U.S. federal corporate income tax to the extent taxable income is currently distributed to its stockholders. If Digital Realty Trust, Inc. were to fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it would be subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) on its taxable income. The Company is subject to foreign, state and local income taxes in the jurisdictions in which it conducts business. The Company’s taxable REIT subsidiaries are subject to federal, state, local and foreign income taxes to the extent there is taxable income. Accordingly, the Company recognizes current and deferred income taxes for the Company and its taxable REIT subsidiaries, including for U.S. federal, state, local and foreign jurisdictions, as applicable. We assess our significant tax positions in accordance with U.S. GAAP for all open tax years and determine whether we have any material unrecognized liabilities from uncertain tax benefits. If a tax position is not considered “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained solely on its technical merits, no benefits of the tax position are to be recognized (for financial statement purposes). We classify interest and penalties from significant uncertain tax positions as current tax expense in our consolidated income statements. We are open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions for the tax years that are within the statute of limitations for those jurisdictions. For further discussion related to tax reserves, see Note 13. “Income Taxes”. |
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| Transactional-based Taxes | Transactional-based Taxes. We account for transactional-based taxes, such as value added tax, or VAT, for our international properties on a net basis. |
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| Noncontrolling Interests and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | Noncontrolling Interests and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests. Noncontrolling interests represent the share of consolidated entities owned by third parties. We recognize each noncontrolling holder’s share of the fair value of the respective entity’s net assets as noncontrolling interest on our consolidated balance sheets at the date of formation or acquisition. Noncontrolling interest balances are adjusted for the noncontrolling holder’s share of additional contributions, distributions, and net earnings or losses. Partnership units which are contingently redeemable for cash are classified as redeemable noncontrolling interests and presented in the mezzanine section of the Company’s consolidated balance sheets between total liabilities and stockholder’s equity. Redeemable noncontrolling interests include amounts related to partnership units issued by consolidated subsidiaries of the Company in which redemption for equity is outside the control of the Company. The amounts of consolidated net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests are presented on the Company’s consolidated income statements as income (or loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests.
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| Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition. Rental and Other Services Revenue – We generate the majority of our revenue by leasing our properties to customers under operating lease agreements, which are accounted for under Accounting Standards Codification 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). We recognize the total minimum lease payments provided for under the leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term if we determine it is probable that substantially all of the lease payments will be collected over the lease term. We commence recognition of revenue from rentals at the date the property is ready for its intended use by the tenant and the tenant takes possession or controls the physical use of the leased asset. The excess of rents recognized as revenue over amounts contractually due pursuant to the underlying leases is included in Deferred rent, net on the consolidated balance sheet. Rental payments received in excess of revenue recognized are classified as Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. Unpaid rents that are contractually due are included in Accounts and other receivables, net on the consolidated balance sheet. We estimate the probability of collection of lease payments based on customer creditworthiness, outstanding accounts receivable balances, and historical bad debts – as well as current economic trends. If collection of substantially all lease payments over the lease term is not probable, rental revenue is recognized when payment is received, and we record a reduction to rental revenue equal to the balance of any deferred rent and rent receivable, less the balance of any security deposits or letters of credit. If collection is subsequently determined to be probable, we: (1) resume recognizing rental revenue on a straight-line basis, (2) record incremental revenue such that the cumulative amount recognized is equal to the amount that would have been recorded on a straight-line basis since inception of the lease, and (3) reverse the allowance for bad debt recorded on outstanding receivables. Generally, under the terms of our leases, the majority of our rental expenses, including common area maintenance, real estate taxes and insurance, are recovered from our customers. We record amounts reimbursable by customers (“tenant recoveries”) as revenue in the period the applicable expenses are incurred – which is generally on a ratable basis through the term of the lease. We account for and present rental revenue and tenant recoveries as a single component under rental and other services as the timing of recognition is the same, the pattern with which we transfer the right of use of the property and related services to the lessee are both on a straight-line basis and our leases qualify as operating leases. Interconnection services include port and cross-connect services generally provided on a month-to-month, one-year or multi-year term. We bill for these services on a monthly basis and recognize the revenue over the period the service is provided. Revenue for cross-connect installations is generally recognized in the period the cross-connect is installed. Interconnection services that are not specific to a particular leased space are accounted for under Topic 606 and have terms that are generally one year or less. Fee Income and Other – Fee income arises primarily from contractual management agreements with entities in which we have a noncontrolling interest. Management fees are recognized as earned under the respective agreements. The Company also provides property and construction management services. Depending on the nature of the agreements, revenue for these services is recognized either on a ratable monthly basis as the service is provided, or when certain performance milestones are met. Service revenues are typically recognized on an equal monthly basis based on the minimum fee to be earned. The monthly amounts could be adjusted depending on whether certain performance milestones are met. We utilize the practical expedient in ASC 842 that allows us to account for lease and non-lease components associated with each lease as a single lease component recorded within rental and other services, instead of accounting for such items separately under Accounting Standards Codification 606, Revenue (“ASC 606”). We recognize revenue for items that do not qualify for revenue recognition under ASC 842 under ASC 606. Revenue recognized as a result of applying ASC 606 was less than 10% of total rental and other services revenue for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. |
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| Transaction and Integration Expense | Transaction and Integration Expense. Transaction expenses include closing costs, broker commissions and other professional fees, including legal and accounting fees related to business combinations or acquisitions that were not consummated. Integration costs include transition costs associated with organizational restructuring (such as severance and retention payments and recruiting expenses), third-party consulting expenses directly related to the integration of acquired companies (in areas such as cost savings and synergy realization, technology and systems work), and internal costs such as training, travel and labor, reflecting time spent by Company personnel on integration activities and projects. Recurring costs are recorded in general and administrative expense.
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| Gains on Disposition of Properties | Gains on Disposition of Properties. We recognize gains on the disposition of real estate when the recognition criteria have been met, generally at the time the risks and rewards and title have transferred, and we no longer have control of the real estate sold. We recognize losses from the disposition of real estate when known.
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| New Accounting Pronouncements | New Accounting Pronouncements. Reference Rate Reform. The Financial Conduct Authority and other independent groups announced in July 2017, that beginning in 2021, they would stop requiring banks to submit rates for the calculation of the London Inter-bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). As a result, in the U.S. the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York identified the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as its preferred alternative rate for USD LIBOR in debt and derivative financial instruments. Other global regulators have also undertaken reference rate reform initiatives to identify a preferred alternative rate for other interbank offered rates (“IBORs”). Both LIBOR and IBOR are herein referred to as “IBOR-indexed rate”. In November 2020, the Federal Reserve Board along with various independent groups announced the potential for certain USD LIBOR tenors to continue to be published until June 2023. This change would allow most legacy USD LIBOR contracts to mature before disruptions occur in the USD LIBOR market, without the need to transition these contracts to SOFR. In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, that provided practical expedients to address existing guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting due to the expected market transition from an IBOR-indexed rate to alternative reference rates, such as SOFR for LIBOR (“reference rate reform”). The first practical expedient within the ASU allows companies to elect to not apply certain modification accounting requirements to debt, derivative, and lease contracts affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The second practical expedient allows companies to change the reference rate and other critical terms related to the reference rate reform in derivative hedge documentation without having to designate the hedging relationship – allowing companies to continue applying hedge accounting to existing cash flow and net investment hedges. The ASU was effective on a prospective basis beginning January 1, 2020 and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. We will continue to evaluate debt, derivative, and lease contracts that are modified in the future to ensure they are eligible for modification relief and apply the available practical expedients as needed. Also, in December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848 (“ASU 2022-06”), which was issued to defer the sunset date of Topic 848 to December 31, 2024. ASU 2022-06 is effective immediately for all companies. ASU 2022-06 had no impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2023. Business Combinations. In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, "Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers," which requires contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASC 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," as if the acquirer had originated the contracts. ASU 2021-08 is applicable on a prospective basis and is effective for fiscal years and interim reporting periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2022 (or in January 1, 2023 for the Company). Early adoption is permitted. On January 1, 2023, we adopted this ASU and the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements. Segment Reporting. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting ("Topic 280"): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosure. The ASU is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption is permitted, and retrospective adoption required. We are currently evaluating the extent of the impact of this ASU on disclosures in our Consolidated Financial Statements. Income Taxes. In December 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes ("Topic 740"): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and to be applied prospectively, with retrospective application and early adoption both permitted. We are currently evaluating the extent of the impact of this ASU on disclosures in our Consolidated Financial Statements. We determined that all other recently issued accounting pronouncements that have yet to be adopted by the Company will not have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements or do not apply to our operations. |
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| Schedule of property and equipment |
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Business Combinations (Tables) |
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| Summary of Provisional Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Acquired | The following table summarizes the amounts recorded at the acquisition date (in thousands):
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Leases (Tables) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lessor Operating Minimum Lease Payments |
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| Operating Lease Maturity | Maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):
(1) Included in accounts payable and other accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. |
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| Finance Leases Maturity | Maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):
(1) Included in accounts payable and other accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. |
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Receivables (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Receivables | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of accounts and other receivables, net is primarily comprised of contractual rents and other lease-related obligations |
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| Schedule of deferred rent receivables |
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Investments in Properties (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investments in Properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Investments in Properties | A summary of our investments in properties is below (in thousands):
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Acquisitions and Dispositions of Properties (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of acquisitions and dispositions of properties | The Company sold the following other real estate properties during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
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| Digital Core REIT (DCRU) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of acquisitions and dispositions of properties | As a result of this transaction, the Company recognized a of approximately $1.0 billion – which is summarized below (in millions).
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Investments in Unconsolidated Entities (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investments in Unconsolidated Entities. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Summary of Financial Information for Unconsolidated Entities | A summary of the Company’s investments in unconsolidated entities accounted for under the equity method of accounting is shown below (in thousands):
Includes the following unconsolidated entities along with our ownership percentage:
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| Summarized Financial Information of Investments in Unconsolidated Entities | The subsequent tables provide summarized financial information for all of our investments in unconsolidated entities accounted for using the equity method. Amounts are shown in thousands.
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Goodwill (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Goodwill | The following is a summary of goodwill activity for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):
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Acquired Intangible Assets and Liabilities (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquired Intangible Assets and Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Summary of Acquired Intangible Assets and Liabilities |
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| Schedule of Estimated Annual Amortization of Acquired of Intangible Assets |
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Debt of the Operating Partnership (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt of the Operating Partnership | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Summary of Outstanding Indebtedness of the Operating Partnership | All debt is currently held by the OP or its consolidated subsidiaries, and the Parent is the guarantor or co-guarantor of the Global Revolving Credit Facility and the Yen Revolving Credit Facility, the unsecured term loans and the unsecured senior notes. A summary of outstanding indebtedness is as follows (in thousands):
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| Schedule of Debt In Functional Currencies | We primarily borrow in the functional currencies of the countries where we invest. Included in the outstanding balances were borrowings denominated in the following currencies (in thousands, U.S. dollars):
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| Schedule of Debt Maturities and Principal Maturities | The table below summarizes our debt maturities and principal payments as of December 31, 2023 (in thousands):
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| Schedule of Unsecured Senior Notes | The following table provides details of our unsecured senior notes (balances in thousands):
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Earnings per Common Share or Unit (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per Common Share or Unit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Summary of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share and Unit | The following is a summary of basic and diluted income per share/unit (in thousands, except per share/unit amounts): Digital Realty Trust, Inc. Earnings per Common Share
Digital Realty Trust, L.P. Earnings per Unit
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| Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Calculations |
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Income Taxes (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Taxes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities | Deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):
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Equity and Capital (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class of Stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of stock by class | The Company has issued and outstanding the following series of cumulative redeemable preferred stock, which are governed by the articles supplementary for the applicable series of preferred stock as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands, except for share cap and annual dividend rate).
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| Ownership Interest In The Operating Partnership | Noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership relate to the proportion of entities consolidated by the Company that are owned by third parties. The following table shows the ownership interest in the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:
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| Summary of Activity for Noncontrolling Interests in the Operating Partnership | The following table shows activity for the noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:
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| Schedule of Dividends and Distributions | Dividends and Distributions Digital Realty Trust, Inc. Dividends We have declared and paid the following dividends on our common and preferred stock for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands, except per share data):
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| Digital Realty Trust, L.P. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class of Stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Dividends and Distributions | Digital Realty Trust, L.P. Distributions All distributions on the Operating Partnership’s units are at the discretion of Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s Board of Directors. The table below shows the distributions declared and paid by the Operating Partnership on its common and preferred units for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, (in thousands, except for per unit data):
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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net | Digital Realty Trust, Inc.
Digital Realty Trust, L.P.
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Incentive Plans (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Incentive Plans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market Performance Based Awards |
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| Schedule of Valuation Assumptions |
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| Schedule of compensation expense and unearned compensation | Below is a summary of compensation expense and unearned compensation (in millions):
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| Schedule of weighted average fair value |
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| Summary of Long-Term Incentive Unit Activity |
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| Summary of Restricted Stock Activity |
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Derivative Instruments (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative Instruments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of effective portion of gains and losses on derivative instruments |
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| Schedule of effect of cash flow hedges on accumulated other comprehensive income and the consolidated income statements | The effect of these cash flow hedges on accumulated other comprehensive loss and the consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, was as follows (in thousands):
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| Schedule of fair value of derivative instruments in Balance sheets |
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables) |
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| Fair Value of Financial Instruments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Estimated Fair Value And Carrying Amounts | The aggregate estimated fair value and carrying value of our Global Revolving Credit Facilities, Euro Term Loan Facilities and USD Term Loan Facility, unsecured senior notes and secured and other debt as of the respective periods is shown below (in thousands):
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Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supplemental Cash Flow Information | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash |
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Segment and Geographic Information (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Segment and Geographic Information | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Investment and operating revenues of geographical areas |
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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Details) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 | |
| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | |
| Period in which short-term investment become cash equivalents | 90 days |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | |||
| Capitalized deferred leasing cost | $ 43.1 | $ 51.8 | $ 42.8 |
| Deferred leasing costs | 220.5 | 257.0 | |
| Accumulated amortization, deferred leasing costs and intangibles | 558.3 | 514.3 | |
| Amortization expense on deferred leasing costs | $ 76.8 | $ 79.2 | $ 83.4 |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets (Details) $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
segment
item
| |
| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | |
| Number of reportable segments | segment | 1 |
| Number of reporting units | item | 1 |
| Indefinite-lived intangible assets other than goodwill | $ | $ 0.0 |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Derivative Instruments (Details) $ in Millions |
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
derivative
|
|---|---|
| Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |
| Total outstanding principle balance | $ | $ 545 |
| Interest Rate Swap | |
| Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |
| Derivatives in liability positions | 0 |
| Foreign Exchange Forward | |
| Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |
| Derivatives in asset positions | 0 |
| Foreign-currency transaction | |
| Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |
| Number of derivatives held | 0 |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Revenue Recognition and Gains (Details) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
| ASU 2014-09 | |||
| Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue recognized as a percent of total revenue | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
Leases - Summary of minimum lease payments operating leases (Details) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
|
|---|---|
| Future Minimum Payments Receivable on Operating Leases | |
| 2024 | $ 2,896,757 |
| 2025 | 2,213,163 |
| 2026 | 1,797,304 |
| 2027 | 1,416,874 |
| 2028 | 1,164,093 |
| Thereafter | 3,676,797 |
| Total | $ 13,164,988 |
Leases - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
customer
|
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
|
|
| Leases | |||
| Rent expense | $ | $ 153.2 | $ 144.0 | $ 145.7 |
| Weighted average remaining lease term, operating lease | 13 years | ||
| Weighted average remaining lease term, finance lease | 14 years | ||
| Largest customer accounting for revenue base, percentage | 10.00% | ||
| Number of customers that makes up more than 6% of our total revenue | customer | 0 | ||
| No other individual customer makes up more than (percent of total revenue) | 6.00% | ||
| Incremental borrowing rate, operating lease | 3.40% | ||
| Incremental borrowing rate, finance lease | 2.00% | ||
Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Operating lease liabilities | ||
| 2024 | $ 163,799 | |
| 2025 | 167,415 | |
| 2026 | 167,687 | |
| 2027 | 166,075 | |
| 2028 | 158,538 | |
| Thereafter | 1,110,512 | |
| Total undiscounted future cash flows | 1,934,026 | |
| Less: Imputed interest | (391,932) | |
| Present value of undiscounted future cash flows | $ 1,542,094 | $ 1,471,044 |
| Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List] | Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities | |
| Finance lease liabilities | ||
| 2024 | $ 21,899 | |
| 2025 | 21,925 | |
| 2026 | 21,867 | |
| 2027 | 22,368 | |
| 2028 | 91,771 | |
| Thereafter | 212,979 | |
| Total undiscounted future cash flows | 392,809 | |
| Less: Imputed interest | (77,631) | |
| Present value of undiscounted future cash flows | $ 315,178 | |
| Finance Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List] | Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities |
Receivables - Accounts and Other Receivables, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Receivables | ||
| Accounts receivable - trade | $ 694,252 | $ 551,393 |
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | (41,204) | (33,048) |
| Accounts receivable - trade, net | 653,048 | 518,345 |
| Accounts receivable - customer recoveries | 233,499 | 170,012 |
| Value-added tax receivables | 257,911 | 167,459 |
| Accounts receivable - installation fees | 65,203 | 60,663 |
| Other receivables | 68,449 | 52,813 |
| Accounts and other receivables, net | $ 1,278,110 | $ 969,292 |
Receivables - Deferred rent, net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Receivables | ||
| Deferred rent receivables | $ 657,009 | $ 612,439 |
| Allowance for deferred rent receivables | (32,582) | (10,849) |
| Deferred rent, net | $ 624,427 | $ 601,590 |
Investments in Properties (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Investments in Properties | ||
| Land | $ 1,087,278 | $ 1,061,408 |
| Acquired ground lease | 91 | 6,006 |
| Buildings and improvements | 25,388,788 | 24,287,103 |
| Tenant improvements | 830,211 | 781,540 |
| Total investments in operating properties | 27,306,368 | 26,136,057 |
| Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (7,823,685) | (7,268,981) |
| Investments in operating properties, net | 19,482,683 | 18,867,076 |
| Construction in progress and space held for development | 4,635,215 | 4,789,134 |
| Land held for future development | 118,190 | 118,452 |
| Investments in properties, net | $ 24,236,088 | $ 23,774,662 |
Investments in Properties - Additional Information (Details) - Data Center Joint Venture $ in Millions |
1 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
item
| |
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |
| Joint venture amount | $ 7,000.0 |
| The number of hyperscale data center campuses develop through joint venture | item | 4 |
| Assets Held For Sale | |
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |
| Carrying value of real estate held-for-sale | $ 478.5 |
| Obligations Associated With Assets Held For Sale | |
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |
| Carrying value of real estate held-for-sale | 39.0 |
| Blackstone Inc. | |
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |
| Joint venture amount | $ 7,000.0 |
| The number of hyperscale data center campuses develop through joint venture | item | 4 |
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities - Summarized Financial Information of Investments in Unconsolidated Entities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |||
| Net Investment in Properties | $ 24,236,088 | $ 23,774,662 | |
| Total Assets | 44,113,258 | 41,484,998 | |
| Mortgage Loans | 630,973 | 528,870 | |
| Liabilities | 23,116,937 | 21,862,854 | |
| Equity / (Deficit) | 19,117,534 | 17,583,334 | |
| Investments in unconsolidated entities | 2,295,889 | 1,991,426 | $ 1,807,689 |
| Revenues | 5,477,061 | 4,691,834 | 4,427,882 |
| Net Income (Loss) | 950,312 | 380,325 | 1,747,412 |
| Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities | (29,791) | (13,497) | 62,283 |
| Unconsolidated entities | |||
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |||
| Total Assets | 10,347,491 | 7,078,397 | 6,411,124 |
| Liabilities | 4,661,388 | 2,510,983 | 2,160,389 |
| Equity / (Deficit) | 5,686,103 | 4,567,414 | 4,250,735 |
| Revenues | 962,701 | 727,595 | 577,515 |
| Net Operating Income | 521,424 | 409,855 | 340,767 |
| Net Income (Loss) | (39,945) | (37,858) | 211,207 |
| Unconsolidated Joint Ventures in Americas | |||
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |||
| Total Assets | 6,627,520 | 3,648,169 | 3,377,842 |
| Liabilities | 3,105,127 | 1,350,163 | 1,223,434 |
| Equity / (Deficit) | 3,522,393 | 2,298,006 | 2,154,408 |
| Revenues | 590,264 | 406,325 | 375,271 |
| Net Operating Income | 326,042 | 240,498 | 231,960 |
| Net Income (Loss) | (13,097) | (38,874) | 183,336 |
| Unconsolidated Joint Ventures in APAC | |||
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |||
| Total Assets | 2,097,115 | 1,705,553 | 1,527,323 |
| Liabilities | 880,972 | 541,509 | 548,578 |
| Equity / (Deficit) | 1,216,143 | 1,164,044 | 978,745 |
| Revenues | 257,905 | 201,405 | 193,744 |
| Net Operating Income | 121,053 | 90,924 | 102,822 |
| Net Income (Loss) | 42,244 | 25,946 | 32,691 |
| Unconsolidated Joint Ventures in EMEA | |||
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |||
| Total Assets | 80,525 | 121,950 | 65,459 |
| Liabilities | 83,819 | 68,223 | 38,377 |
| Equity / (Deficit) | (3,294) | 53,727 | 27,082 |
| Revenues | 1,601 | 1,632 | 316 |
| Net Operating Income | 939 | 851 | 141 |
| Net Income (Loss) | (8,225) | (5,475) | (172) |
| Unconsolidated Joint Ventures in Global | |||
| Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items] | |||
| Total Assets | 1,542,331 | 1,602,725 | 1,440,500 |
| Liabilities | 591,470 | 551,088 | 350,000 |
| Equity / (Deficit) | 950,861 | 1,051,637 | 1,090,500 |
| Revenues | 112,931 | 118,233 | 8,184 |
| Net Operating Income | 73,390 | 77,582 | 5,844 |
| Net Income (Loss) | $ (60,867) | $ (19,455) | $ (4,648) |
Acquired Intangible Assets and Liabilities - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
| Customer relationship value, acquired in-place lease value and other intangibles | |||
| Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Amortization of Intangible assets | $ 252.0 | $ 253.3 | $ 262.9 |
| Rental and other services | Below-market leases, net of above-market leases | |||
| Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Increase (decrease) in revenue | $ 6.5 | $ 2.9 | $ 3.6 |
Debt of the Operating Partnership - Summary of Outstanding Indebtedness (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Weighted-average interest rate | 2.89% | 2.68% |
| Amount Outstanding | $ 17,537,652 | $ 16,723,855 |
| Global Revolving Credit Facilities | ||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Weighted-average interest rate | 4.33% | 3.04% |
| Amount Outstanding | $ 1,825,228 | $ 2,167,889 |
| Unsecured term loans | ||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Weighted-average interest rate | 4.76% | 2.49% |
| Amount Outstanding | $ 1,567,925 | $ 802,875 |
| Unsecured senior notes | ||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Weighted-average interest rate | 2.24% | 2.44% |
| Amount Outstanding | $ 13,507,427 | $ 13,220,961 |
| Secured and other debt | ||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Weighted-average interest rate | 8.07% | 7.12% |
| Amount Outstanding | $ 637,072 | $ 532,130 |
| Digital Realty Trust, L.P. | Unsecured senior notes | ||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Amount Outstanding | $ 13,507,427 | $ 13,220,961 |
Debt of the Operating Partnership - Schedule of Debt Functional Currencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Amount Outstanding | $ 17,537,652 | $ 16,723,855 |
| % of Total | 2.89% | 2.68% |
| U.S. dollar | ||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Amount Outstanding | $ 2,784,875 | $ 3,855,903 |
| % of Total | 15.90% | 23.10% |
| British pound sterling | ||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Amount Outstanding | $ 1,973,305 | $ 1,929,051 |
| % of Total | 11.20% | 11.50% |
| Euro | ||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Amount Outstanding | $ 10,835,878 | $ 9,325,126 |
| % of Total | 61.80% | 55.80% |
| Other | ||
| Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||
| Amount Outstanding | $ 1,943,594 | $ 1,613,775 |
| % of Total | 11.10% | 9.60% |
Equity and Capital - Equity Distribution Agreement (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Aug. 04, 2023 |
Apr. 01, 2022 |
|
| 2023 Sales Agreement | ||||
| Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items] | ||||
| Aggregate maximum offering price | $ 1,500.0 | |||
| Net proceeds on public offering | $ 1,100.0 | |||
| Number of shares entered for agreement | 8.7 | |||
| Average price per share | $ 133.21 | |||
| Payment of stock issuance costs | $ 11.4 | |||
| Aggregate gross sales price unsold | 343.4 | |||
| 2022 Sales Agreement | ||||
| Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items] | ||||
| Aggregate maximum offering price | $ 1,500.0 | |||
| Net proceeds on public offering | $ 1,100.0 | |||
| Number of shares entered for agreement | 11,300,000 | |||
| Average price per share | $ 96.35 | |||
| Payment of stock issuance costs | $ 7.5 | |||
| Value of shares remain unsold at the time of termination | $ 408.7 | |||
| Aggregate gross sales price unsold | $ 0.0 | |||
Equity and Capital - Forward Equity Sale (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sep. 13, 2021 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
| Class of Stock [Line Items] | ||||
| Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount | 12,824,000 | 12,343,000 | 18,460,000 | |
| Underwritten Public Offering | ||||
| Class of Stock [Line Items] | ||||
| Issuance of common stock, net of costs (shares) | 6.3 | 6,300,000 | ||
| Gross proceeds | $ 939.0 | |||
Equity and Capital - Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Class of Stock | ||
| Number of units (units) | 311,608 | 291,148 |
| Percentage of total | 98.00% | 97.90% |
| Common stock conversion ratio | 1 | |
| Digital Realty Trust, L.P. | ||
| Class of Stock | ||
| Redeemable noncontrolling interests - operating partnership | $ 834.1 | $ 591.2 |
| Common units held by third parties | ||
| Class of Stock | ||
| Common units held by third parties (units) | 4,343 | 4,375 |
| Percentage of total | 1.30% | 1.50% |
| Incentive units held by employees and directors (see Note 13. Incentive Plan) | ||
| Class of Stock | ||
| Incentive units held by employees and directors (units) | 2,106 | 1,914 |
| Percentage of total | 0.70% | 0.60% |
| Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership | ||
| Class of Stock | ||
| Number of units (units) | 318,057 | 297,437 |
| Percentage of total | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Incentive Plans - Assumptions Used (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Feb. 25, 2021 |
Jan. 01, 2021 |
Feb. 20, 2020 |
Feb. 19, 2020 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
| Market-based performance awards | |||||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||||
| Expected Stock Price Volatility | 32.00% | 26.00% | 26.00% | 27.00% | |||
| Risk-Free Interest rate | 4.18% | 0.97% | 0.31% | 0.17% | |||
| Expected dividend yield | 0.00% | ||||||
| Class D And Rsu Units | |||||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||||||
| Fair value of awards | $ 8.2 | $ 12.3 | $ 25.0 | ||||
| Intrinsic value of units | $ 36.4 | $ 41.2 | $ 28.6 | ||||
Incentive Plan - Defined Contribution Plans Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
| Incentive Plans | |||
| Vesting percentage of discretionary contributions | 100.00% | ||
| Aggregate cost of contributions to the 401(k) Plan | $ 6.8 | $ 5.9 | $ 5.9 |
Derivative Instruments - Effect of Investment Hedges (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
| Derivative [Line Items] | |||
| Cross-currency interest rate swaps (excluded component) | $ 21,836 | $ 6,260 | |
| Derivative, Excluded Component, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] | Interest Expense. | Interest Expense. | Interest Expense. |
| Interest Rate Swap | Net Investment Hedging | |||
| Derivative [Line Items] | |||
| Cross-currency interest rate swaps (included components) | $ 22,703 | $ 116,550 | |
| Cross-currency interest rate swaps (excluded component) | 25,428 | (7,929) | |
| Total | $ 48,131 | $ 108,621 | |
Commitments and Contingencies - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions |
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
|
|---|---|
| Commitments and Contingencies. | |
| Reimbursable amount of commitments related to construction contracts | $ 78.3 |
| Commitments related to construction contracts | $ 2,200.0 |
Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
Dec. 31, 2020 |
|
| Supplemental Cash Flow Information | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ 1,625,495 | $ 141,773 | $ 142,698 | |
| Restricted cash (included in other assets) | $ 10,975 | $ 8,923 | $ 8,787 | |
| Restricted Cash, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] | Other Assets | Other Assets | Other Assets | |
| Total | $ 1,636,470 | $ 150,696 | $ 151,485 | $ 123,652 |
| Interest, net of amounts capitalized | 391,400 | 271,500 | 274,700 | |
| Interest capitalized | 116,800 | 70,600 | 53,500 | |
| Capitalized employee expenses related to construction activities | 99,200 | 86,100 | 71,200 | |
| Income taxes, net of refunds | 88,800 | 41,700 | 29,900 | |
| Accrued construction related costs | $ 599,400 | $ 417,100 | $ 423,000 | |
Schedule III Properties And Accumulated Depreciation - Narrative (Details) $ in Billions |
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
|
|---|---|
| Schedule III Properties And Accumulated Depreciation | |
| Aggregate gross cost of properties for federal income tax purposes | $ 42.6 |
Schedule III Properties And Accumulated Depreciation - Summary Of Historical Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
| SEC Schedule III, Reconciliation of Carrying Amount of Real Estate Investments [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance, beginning of year | $ 26,136,057 | $ 23,625,450 | $ 23,142,988 |
| Additions during period (acquisitions and improvements) | 3,494,450 | 2,553,946 | 1,570,162 |
| Deductions during period (dispositions, impairments and assets held for sale) | (2,324,139) | (43,339) | (1,087,700) |
| Balance, end of year | $ 27,306,368 | $ 26,136,057 | $ 23,625,450 |
Schedule III Properties And Accumulated Depreciation - Summary Of Accumulated Depreciation And Amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
| SEC Schedule III, Reconciliation of Real Estate Accumulated Depreciation [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance, beginning of year | $ 7,268,981 | $ 6,210,281 | $ 5,555,221 |
| Additions during period (depreciation and amortization expense) | 1,338,912 | 1,079,497 | 1,042,011 |
| Deductions during period (dispositions and assets held for sale) | (784,208) | (20,797) | (386,951) |
| Balance, end of year | $ 7,823,685 | $ 7,268,981 | $ 6,210,281 |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
| Pay vs Performance Disclosure | |||
| Net Income (Loss) | $ 948,838 | $ 377,684 | $ 1,709,259 |
Insider Trading Arrangements |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2023
shares
| |
| Trading Arrangements, by Individual | |
| Material Terms of Trading Arrangement | During the three months ended December 31, 2023, two officers adopted a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” as such term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K. On November 15, 2023, Cindy Fiedelman, our Chief Human Resources Officer, entered into a trading plan that provides for the conversion and redemption of profits interest units and sale of 31,051 shares of common stock. The plan will expire on November 29, 2024, subject to early termination for certain specified events as set forth in the plan. On November 22, 2023, Christopher Sharp, our Chief Technology Officer, entered into a trading plan that provides for the conversion and redemption of profits interest units and sale of 43,870 shares of common stock. The plan will expire November 22, 2024, subject to early termination for certain specified events as set forth in the plan. |
| Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted | false |
| Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated | false |
| Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated | false |
| Cindy Fiedelman | |
| Trading Arrangements, by Individual | |
| Name | Cindy Fiedelman |
| Title | Chief Human Resources Officer |
| Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted | true |
| Adoption Date | November 15, 2023 |
| Aggregate Available | 31,051 |
| Expiration date | November 29, 2024 |
| Christopher Sharp | |
| Trading Arrangements, by Individual | |
| Name | Christopher Sharp |
| Title | Chief Technology Officer |
| Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted | true |
| Adoption Date | November 22, 2023 |
| Aggregate Available | 43,870 |
| Expiration date | November 22, 2024 |