STARWOOD PROPERTY TRUST, INC., 10-Q filed on 11/8/2023
Quarterly Report
v3.23.3
Cover Page - shares
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Nov. 03, 2023
Cover [Abstract]    
Document Type 10-Q  
Document Quarterly Report true  
Document Period End Date Sep. 30, 2023  
Document Transition Report false  
Entity File Number 001-34436  
Entity Registrant Name Starwood Property Trust, Inc.  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code MD  
Entity Tax Identification Number 27-0247747  
Entity Address, Address Line One 591 West Putnam Avenue  
Entity Address, City or Town Greenwich  
Entity Address, State or Province CT  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 06830  
City Area Code 203  
Local Phone Number 422-7700  
Title of 12(b) Security Common stock, $0.01 par value per share  
Trading Symbol STWD  
Security Exchange Name NYSE  
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes  
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes  
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer  
Entity Small Business false  
Entity Emerging Growth Company false  
Entity Shell Company false  
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   313,226,048
Entity Central Index Key 0001465128  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2023  
Document Fiscal Period Focus Q3  
Amendment Flag false  
v3.23.3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 195,319 $ 261,061
Restricted cash 235,951 121,072
Loans held-for-investment, net of credit loss allowances of $271,320 and $99,413 17,234,205 18,401,439
Loans held-for-sale, at fair value 2,602,265 2,784,594
Investment securities, net of credit loss allowances of $12,994 and $3,182 ($129,645 and $142,334 held at fair value) 721,593 815,804
Properties, net 1,405,791 1,449,986
Investments in unconsolidated entities 91,924 91,892
Goodwill 259,846 259,846
Intangible assets ($18,188 and $17,790 held at fair value) 65,989 68,773
Derivative assets 133,016 108,621
Accrued interest receivable 173,260 168,521
Other assets 526,442 297,477
Variable interest entity (“VIE”) assets, at fair value 44,668,904 52,453,041
Total Assets 70,293,689 79,043,129
Liabilities:    
Dividends payable 152,737 151,511
Derivative liabilities 85,657 91,404
Secured financing agreements, net 13,557,881 14,501,532
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net 3,518,274 3,676,224
Unsecured senior notes, net 2,456,583 2,329,211
VIE liabilities, at fair value 42,997,104 50,754,355
Total Liabilities 63,200,233 71,844,422
Commitments and contingencies (Note 22)
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests 409,659 362,790
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:    
Preferred stock, $0.01 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding 0 0
Common stock, $0.01 per share, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 320,664,108 issued and 313,215,417 outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and 318,123,861 issued and 310,675,170 outstanding as of December 31, 2022 3,205 3,181
Additional paid-in capital 5,855,962 5,807,087
Treasury stock (7,448,691 shares) (138,022) (138,022)
Retained earnings 585,756 769,237
Accumulated other comprehensive income 14,114 20,955
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity 6,321,015 6,462,438
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries 362,782 373,479
Total Permanent Equity 6,683,797 6,835,917
Total Liabilities and Equity 70,293,689 79,043,129
Nonrelated Party    
Liabilities:    
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 407,715 298,999
Related Party    
Liabilities:    
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 24,282 41,186
Primary Beneficiary    
Assets:    
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund, at fair value 1,979,184 $ 1,761,002
Total Assets 74,800  
Liabilities:    
Total Liabilities $ 34,800  
v3.23.3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Allowance for credit losses $ 271,320 $ 99,413
Credit loss allowance 12,994 3,182
Investment securities 129,645 142,334
Intangible assets held at fair value $ 18,188 $ 17,790
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) 100,000,000 100,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) 0 0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 0 0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 500,000,000 500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 320,664,108 318,123,861
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 313,215,417 310,675,170
Treasury stock, shares (in shares) 7,448,691 7,448,691
VIE assets $ 70,293,689 $ 79,043,129
VIE liabilities 63,200,233 71,844,422
CLOs and SASB    
VIE assets 4,300,000 4,500,000
VIE liabilities $ 3,500,000 $ 3,700,000
v3.23.3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Revenues:        
Interest income from loans $ 457,299 $ 328,354 $ 1,344,056 $ 823,123
Interest income from investment securities 20,133 19,019 57,689 48,308
Servicing fees 8,630 8,427 22,228 30,972
Rental income 33,091 32,932 97,687 96,036
Other revenues 2,394 1,809 5,970 11,680
Total revenues 521,547 390,541 1,527,630 1,010,119
Costs and expenses:        
Management fees 27,143 27,356 97,661 114,275
Interest expense 368,357 222,423 1,066,990 501,492
General and administrative 46,691 45,495 131,955 134,821
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs 211 1,213 625 2,152
Costs of rental operations 11,777 12,206 34,910 32,094
Depreciation and amortization 12,271 12,611 37,010 36,498
Credit loss provision, net 52,634 15,343 217,753 20,123
Other expense 516 0 1,490 1,313
Total costs and expenses 519,600 336,647 1,588,394 842,768
Other income (loss):        
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs 43,763 37,146 139,024 72,268
Change in fair value of servicing rights (68) 515 398 1,234
Change in fair value of investment securities, net 283 (83) 353 (1,683)
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net (66,806) (87,474) (111,247) (326,737)
(Loss) earnings from unconsolidated entities (1,309) (2,044) 11,378 911
Gain on sale of investments and other assets, net 10,616 13,453 15,486 112,059
Gain on derivative financial instruments, net 94,883 206,070 118,431 461,921
Foreign currency loss, net (56,646) (107,318) (18,293) (213,201)
Loss on extinguishment of debt (1,072) (212) (2,256) (1,035)
Other loss, net (2,521) (56,391) (31,686) (90,963)
Total other income 38,031 121,189 375,284 673,507
Income before income taxes 39,978 175,083 314,520 840,858
Income tax benefit 11,399 48,755 18,997 48,999
Net income 51,377 223,838 333,517 889,857
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (3,942) (29,276) (65,265) (158,409)
Net income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc. $ 47,435 $ 194,562 $ 268,252 $ 731,448
Earnings per share data attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.:        
Basic (in dollars per share) $ 0.15 $ 0.62 $ 0.85 $ 2.35
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ 0.15 $ 0.61 $ 0.85 $ 2.30
Primary Beneficiary        
Other income (loss):        
Income from affordable housing fund investments $ 16,908 $ 117,527 $ 253,696 $ 658,733
v3.23.3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]        
Net income $ 51,377 $ 223,838 $ 333,517 $ 889,857
Other comprehensive loss (net change by component):        
Available-for-sale securities (3,241) (6,194) (6,841) (18,177)
Other comprehensive loss (3,241) (6,194) (6,841) (18,177)
Comprehensive income 48,136 217,644 326,676 871,680
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests (3,942) (29,276) (65,265) (158,409)
Comprehensive income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc. $ 44,194 $ 188,368 $ 261,411 $ 713,271
v3.23.3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Total
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity
Common stock
Additional Paid-in Capital
Treasury Stock​
Retained Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Non- Controlling Interests
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021 $ 214,915              
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]                
Net income 134,298              
Distributions to non-controlling interests (4,840)              
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2022 344,373              
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021     312,268,944          
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021 6,433,892 $ 6,072,536 $ 3,123 $ 5,673,376 $ (138,022) $ 493,106 $ 40,953 $ 361,356
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021         7,448,691      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity                
Proceeds from ATM Agreement (in shares)     1,415,564          
Proceeds from ATM Agreement 33,321 33,321 $ 14 33,307        
Proceeds from DRIP Plan (in shares)     33,037          
Proceeds from DRIP Plan 770 770   770        
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan (in shares)     34,625          
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan 625 625   625        
Equity offering costs (756) (756)   (756)        
Share-based compensation (in shares)     1,455,814          
Share-based compensation 29,703 29,703 $ 15 29,688        
Manager fee paid in stock (in shares)     1,824,330          
Manager fees paid in stock 42,695 42,695 $ 18 42,677        
Net income 755,559 731,448       731,448   24,111
Dividends declared (445,366) (445,366)       (445,366)    
Other comprehensive loss, net (18,177) (18,177)         (18,177)  
Contributions from non-controlling interests 21,926             21,926
Distributions to non-controlling interests (33,007)             (33,007)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022     317,032,314          
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2022 6,821,185 6,446,799 $ 3,170 5,779,687 $ (138,022) 779,188 22,776 374,386
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022         7,448,691      
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2022 322,753              
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]                
Net income 23,795              
Distributions to non-controlling interests (2,175)              
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2022 344,373              
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022     316,660,535          
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2022 6,774,387 6,393,996 $ 3,167 5,766,533 $ (138,022) 733,348 28,970 380,391
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022         7,448,691      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity                
Proceeds from DRIP Plan (in shares)     10,568          
Proceeds from DRIP Plan 235 235   235        
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan (in shares)     34,625          
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan 625 625   625        
Share-based compensation (in shares)     218,212          
Share-based compensation 9,703 9,703 $ 2 9,701        
Manager fee paid in stock (in shares)     108,374          
Manager fees paid in stock 2,594 2,594 $ 1 2,593        
Net income 200,043 194,562       194,562   5,481
Dividends declared (148,722) (148,722)       (148,722)    
Other comprehensive loss, net (6,194) (6,194)         (6,194)  
Distributions to non-controlling interests (11,486)             (11,486)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022     317,032,314          
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2022 6,821,185 6,446,799 $ 3,170 5,779,687 $ (138,022) 779,188 22,776 374,386
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022         7,448,691      
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022 362,790              
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]                
Net income 51,062              
Distributions to non-controlling interests (4,193)              
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023 $ 409,659              
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022 310,675,170   318,123,861          
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 6,835,917 6,462,438 $ 3,181 5,807,087 $ (138,022) 769,237 20,955 373,479
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022 7,448,691       7,448,691      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity                
Proceeds from DRIP Plan (in shares)     45,050          
Proceeds from DRIP Plan $ 852 852   852        
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan (in shares)     110,112          
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan 1,670 1,670 $ 1 1,669        
Share-based compensation (in shares)     1,542,034          
Share-based compensation 31,055 31,055 $ 15 31,040        
Manager fee paid in stock (in shares)     843,051          
Manager fees paid in stock 15,322 15,322 $ 8 15,314        
Net income 282,455 268,252       268,252   14,203
Dividends declared (451,733) (451,733)       (451,733)    
Other comprehensive loss, net (6,841) (6,841)         (6,841)  
Distributions to non-controlling interests $ (24,900)             (24,900)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023 313,215,417   320,664,108          
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023 $ 6,683,797 6,321,015 $ 3,205 5,855,962 $ (138,022) 585,756 14,114 362,782
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023 7,448,691       7,448,691      
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2023 $ 408,034              
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]                
Net income 3,114              
Distributions to non-controlling interests (1,489)              
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023 409,659              
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023     320,217,189          
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2023 6,784,943 6,414,494 $ 3,202 5,842,813 $ (138,022) 689,146 17,355 370,449
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023         7,448,691      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity                
Proceeds from DRIP Plan (in shares)     13,598          
Proceeds from DRIP Plan 278 278   278        
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan (in shares)     21,088          
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan 347 347   347        
Share-based compensation (in shares)     319,593          
Share-based compensation 10,621 10,621 $ 3 10,618        
Manager fee paid in stock (in shares)     92,640          
Manager fees paid in stock 1,906 1,906   1,906        
Net income 48,263 47,435       47,435   828
Dividends declared (150,825) (150,825)       (150,825)    
Other comprehensive loss, net (3,241) (3,241)         (3,241)  
Distributions to non-controlling interests $ (8,495)             (8,495)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023 313,215,417   320,664,108          
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023 $ 6,683,797 $ 6,321,015 $ 3,205 $ 5,855,962 $ (138,022) $ 585,756 $ 14,114 $ 362,782
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023 7,448,691       7,448,691      
v3.23.3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 15, 2023
Jun. 15, 2023
Mar. 16, 2023
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]              
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share) $ 0.48 $ 0.48 $ 0.48 $ 0.48 $ 0.48 $ 1.44 $ 1.44
v3.23.3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:    
Net income $ 333,517 $ 889,857
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:    
Amortization of deferred financing costs, premiums and discounts on secured borrowings 38,596 34,705
Amortization of discounts and deferred financing costs on unsecured senior notes 6,978 6,560
Accretion of net discount on investment securities (7,119) (9,725)
Accretion of net deferred loan fees and discounts (51,031) (47,468)
Share-based compensation 31,055 29,703
Manager fees paid in stock 15,322 42,695
Change in fair value of investment securities (353) 1,683
Change in fair value of consolidated VIEs (26,879) 39,138
Change in fair value of servicing rights (398) (1,234)
Change in fair value of loans 111,247 326,737
Change in fair value of affordable housing fund investments (218,182) (628,956)
Change in fair value of derivatives (55,990) (465,986)
Foreign currency loss, net 18,293 213,201
Gain on sale of investments and other assets (15,486) (112,059)
Impairment charges on properties and related intangibles 23,856 55
Credit loss provision, net 217,753 20,123
Depreciation and amortization 40,870 39,911
Earnings from unconsolidated entities (11,378) (911)
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities 8,049 4,935
Loss on extinguishment of debt 2,256 837
Origination and purchase of loans held-for-sale, net of principal collections (226,656) (3,641,067)
Proceeds from sale of loans held-for-sale 294,951 3,992,896
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:    
Related-party payable (16,904) (50,225)
Accrued and capitalized interest receivable, less purchased interest (97,034) (131,678)
Other assets 2,103 (200,496)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 99,307 491,503
Net cash provided by operating activities 516,743 844,734
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:    
Origination, purchase and funding of loans held-for-investment (1,659,857) (5,007,398)
Proceeds from principal collections on loans 2,390,121 1,840,317
Proceeds from loans sold 95,282 71,008
Purchase and funding of investment securities (6,988) (86,058)
Proceeds from sales and redemptions of investment securities 1,722 0
Proceeds from principal collections on investment securities 87,679 19,431
Proceeds from sales of real estate 60,955 166,424
Purchases and additions to properties and other assets (19,662) (17,295)
Investments in unconsolidated entities (2,514) (461)
Distribution of capital from unconsolidated entities 4,788 3,375
Cash resulting from initial consolidation of entities 123 617
Payments for purchase or termination of derivatives (28,220) (14,965)
Proceeds from termination of derivatives 19,729 168,607
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 943,158 (2,856,398)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:    
Proceeds from borrowings 4,934,444 11,603,576
Principal repayments on and repurchases of borrowings (5,908,393) (8,751,730)
Payment of deferred financing costs (13,873) (48,847)
Proceeds from common stock issuances 2,522 34,716
Payment of equity offering costs 0 (756)
Payment of dividends (450,507) (442,794)
Contributions from non-controlling interests 0 21,926
Distributions to non-controlling interests (29,093) (37,847)
Repayment of debt of consolidated VIEs (318) (290,132)
Distributions of cash from consolidated VIEs 54,071 64,555
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (1,411,147) 2,152,667
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 48,754 141,003
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 382,133 321,914
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 383 (1,637)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period 431,270 461,280
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:    
Cash paid for interest 1,016,636 423,326
Income taxes paid (refunded), net 1,889 (8,613)
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:    
Dividends declared, but not yet paid 153,414 150,942
Consolidation of VIEs (VIE asset/liability additions) 0 4,361,325
Deconsolidation of VIEs (VIE asset/liability reductions) 0 730,012
Net assets acquired through foreclosure, control or conversion to equity interest:    
Assets acquired, less cash 40,897 145,330
Liabilities assumed 74 95,796
Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets 0 29,821
Loan principal collections temporarily held at master servicer 190,405 3,061
Reclassification of loans held-for-investment to loans held-for-sale $ 41,392 $ 63,962
v3.23.3
Business and Organization
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Business and Organization Business and Organization
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. (“STWD” and, together with its subsidiaries, “we” or the “Company”) is a Maryland corporation that commenced operations in August 2009, upon the completion of our initial public offering. We are focused primarily on originating, acquiring, financing and managing mortgage loans and other real estate investments in the United States (“U.S.”), Europe and Australia. As market conditions change over time, we may adjust our strategy to take advantage of changes in interest rates and credit spreads as well as economic and credit conditions.
We have four reportable business segments as of September 30, 2023 and we refer to the investments within these segments as our target assets:
Real estate commercial and residential lending (the “Commercial and Residential Lending Segment”)—engages primarily in originating, acquiring, financing and managing commercial first mortgages, non-agency residential mortgages (“residential loans”), subordinated mortgages, mezzanine loans, preferred equity, commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) and other real estate and real estate-related debt investments in the U.S., Europe and Australia (including distressed or non-performing loans). Our residential loans are secured by a first mortgage lien on residential property and primarily consist of non-agency residential loans that are not guaranteed by any U.S. Government agency or federally chartered corporation.
Infrastructure lending (the “Infrastructure Lending Segment”)—engages primarily in originating, acquiring, financing and managing infrastructure debt investments.
Real estate property (the “Property Segment”)—engages primarily in acquiring and managing equity interests in stabilized commercial real estate properties, including multifamily properties and commercial properties subject to net leases, that are held for investment.
Real estate investing and servicing (the “Investing and Servicing Segment”)—includes (i) a servicing business in the U.S. that manages and works out problem assets, (ii) an investment business that selectively acquires and manages unrated, investment grade and non-investment grade rated CMBS, including subordinated interests of securitization and resecuritization transactions, (iii) a mortgage loan business which originates conduit loans for the primary purpose of selling these loans into securitization transactions and (iv) an investment business that selectively acquires commercial real estate assets, including properties acquired from CMBS trusts.
Our segments exclude the consolidation of securitization variable interest entities (“VIEs”).
We are organized and conduct our operations to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As such, we will generally not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on that portion of our net income that is distributed to stockholders if we distribute at least 90% of our taxable income to our stockholders by prescribed dates and comply with various other requirements.
We are organized as a holding company and conduct our business primarily through our various wholly-owned subsidiaries. We are externally managed and advised by SPT Management, LLC (our “Manager”) pursuant to the terms of a management agreement. Our Manager is controlled by Barry Sternlicht, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Our Manager is an affiliate of Starwood Capital Group Global L.P., a privately-held private equity firm founded by Mr. Sternlicht.
v3.23.3
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Balance Sheet Presentation of Securitization Variable Interest Entities
We operate investment businesses that acquire unrated, investment grade and non-investment grade rated CMBS and RMBS. These securities represent interests in securitization structures (commonly referred to as special purpose entities, or “SPEs”). These SPEs are structured as pass through entities that receive principal and interest on the underlying collateral and distribute those payments to the certificate holders. Under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), SPEs typically qualify as VIEs. These are entities that, by design, either (1) lack sufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, or (2) have equity investors that do not have the ability to make significant decisions relating to the entity’s operations through voting rights, or do not have the obligation to absorb the expected losses, or do not have the right to receive the residual returns of the entity.
Because we often serve as the special servicer or servicing administrator of the trusts in which we invest, or we have the ability to remove and replace the special servicer without cause, consolidation of these structures is required pursuant to GAAP as outlined in detail below. This results in a consolidated balance sheet which presents the gross assets and liabilities of the VIEs. The assets and other instruments held by these VIEs are restricted and can only be used to fulfill the obligations of the entity. Additionally, the obligations of the VIEs do not have any recourse to the general credit of any other consolidated entities, nor to us as the consolidator of these VIEs.
The VIE liabilities initially represent investment securities on our balance sheet (pre-consolidation). Upon consolidation of these VIEs, our associated investment securities are eliminated, as is the interest income related to those securities. Similarly, the fees we earn in our roles as special servicer of the bonds issued by the consolidated VIEs or as collateral administrator of the consolidated VIEs are also eliminated. Finally, a portion of the identified servicing intangible associated with the eliminated fee streams is eliminated in consolidation.
Refer to the segment data in Note 23 for a presentation of our business segments without consolidation of these VIEs.
Basis of Accounting and Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our consolidated subsidiaries and VIEs. Intercompany amounts have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows have been included.
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 (our “Form 10-K”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year.
Refer to our Form 10-K for a description of our recurring accounting policies. We have included disclosure in this Note 2 regarding principles of consolidation and other accounting policies that (i) are required to be disclosed quarterly, (ii) we view as critical, (iii) became significant since December 31, 2022 due to a corporate action or increase in the significance of the underlying business activity or (iv) changed upon adoption of an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”).
Variable Interest Entities
In addition to the securitization VIEs, we have financed pools of our loans through collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) and a single asset securitization (“SASB”), which are considered VIEs. We also hold interests in certain other entities which are considered VIEs as the limited partners of those entities with equity at risk do not collectively possess (i) the right to remove the general partner or dissolve the partnership without cause or (ii) the right to participate in significant decisions made by the partnership.
We evaluate all of our interests in VIEs for consolidation. When our interests are determined to be variable interests, we assess whether we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, Consolidation, defines the primary beneficiary as the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could be potentially significant. We
consider our variable interests as well as any variable interests of our related parties in making this determination. Where both of these factors are present, we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary and we consolidate the VIE. Where either one of these factors is not present, we are not the primary beneficiary and do not consolidate the VIE.
To assess whether we have the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, we consider all facts and circumstances, including our role in establishing the VIE and our ongoing rights and responsibilities. This assessment includes: (i) identifying the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance; and (ii) identifying which party, if any, has power over those activities. In general, the parties that make the most significant decisions affecting the VIE or have the right to unilaterally remove those decision makers are deemed to have the power to direct the activities of a VIE. The right to remove the decision maker in a VIE must be exercisable without cause for the decision maker to not be deemed the party that has the power to direct the activities of a VIE.
To assess whether we have the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE, we consider all of our economic interests, including debt and equity investments, servicing fees and other arrangements deemed to be variable interests in the VIE. This assessment requires that we apply judgment in determining whether these interests, in the aggregate, are considered potentially significant to the VIE. Factors considered in assessing significance include: the design of the VIE, including its capitalization structure; subordination of interests; payment priority; relative share of interests held across various classes within the VIE’s capital structure; and the reasons why the interests are held by us.
Our purchased investment securities include unrated and non-investment grade rated securities issued by securitization trusts. In certain cases, we may contract to provide special servicing activities for these trusts, or, as holder of the controlling class, we may have the right to name and remove the special servicer for these trusts. In our role as special servicer, we provide services on defaulted loans within the trusts, such as foreclosure or work-out procedures, as permitted by the underlying contractual agreements. In exchange for these services, we receive a fee. These rights give us the ability to direct activities that could significantly impact the trust’s economic performance. However, in those instances where an unrelated third party has the right to unilaterally remove us as special servicer without cause, we do not have the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the trust’s economic performance. We evaluated all of our positions in such investments for consolidation.
For securitization VIEs in which we are determined to be the primary beneficiary, all of the underlying assets, liabilities and equity of the structures are recorded on our books, and the initial investment, along with any associated unrealized holding gains and losses, are eliminated in consolidation. Similarly, the interest income earned from these structures, as well as the fees paid by these trusts to us in our capacity as special servicer, are eliminated in consolidation. Further, a portion of the identified servicing intangible asset associated with the servicing fee streams, and the corresponding amortization or change in fair value of the servicing intangible asset, are also eliminated in consolidation.
We perform ongoing reassessments of: (i) whether any entities previously evaluated under the majority voting interest framework have become VIEs, based on certain events, and therefore subject to the VIE consolidation framework, and (ii) whether changes in the facts and circumstances regarding our involvement with a VIE causes our consolidation conclusion regarding the VIE to change.
We elect the fair value option for initial and subsequent recognition of the assets and liabilities of our consolidated securitization VIEs. Interest income and interest expense associated with these VIEs are no longer relevant on a standalone basis because these amounts are already reflected in the fair value changes. We have elected to present these items in a single line on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The residual difference shown on our condensed consolidated statements of operations in the line item “Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs” represents our beneficial interest in the VIEs.
We separately present the assets and liabilities of our consolidated securitization VIEs as individual line items on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The liabilities of our consolidated securitization VIEs consist solely of obligations to the bondholders of the related trusts, and are thus presented as a single line item entitled “VIE liabilities.” The assets of our consolidated securitization VIEs consist principally of loans, but at times, also include foreclosed loans which have been temporarily converted into real estate owned (“REO”). These assets in the aggregate are likewise presented as a single line item entitled “VIE assets.”
Loans comprise the vast majority of our securitization VIE assets and are carried at fair value due to the election of the fair value option. When an asset becomes REO, it is due to non-performance of the loan. Because the loan is already at fair value, the carrying value of an REO asset is also initially at fair value. Furthermore, when we consolidate a trust, any existing
REO would be consolidated at fair value. Once an asset becomes REO, its disposition time is relatively short. As a result, the carrying value of an REO generally approximates fair value under GAAP.
In addition to sharing a similar measurement method as the loans in a trust, the securitization VIE assets as a whole can only be used to settle the obligations of the consolidated VIE. The assets of our securitization VIEs are not individually accessible by the bondholders, which creates inherent limitations from a valuation perspective. Also creating limitations from a valuation perspective is our role as special servicer, which provides us very limited visibility, if any, into the performing loans of a trust.
REO assets generally represent a very small percentage of the overall asset pool of a trust. In new issue trusts there are no REO assets. We estimate that REO assets constitute approximately 1% of our consolidated securitization VIE assets, with the remaining 99% representing loans. However, it is important to note that the fair value of our securitization VIE assets is determined by reference to our securitization VIE liabilities as permitted under ASU 2014-13, Consolidation (Topic 810): Measuring the Financial Assets and the Financial Liabilities of a Consolidated Collateralized Financing Entity. In other words, our VIE liabilities are more reliably measurable than the VIE assets, resulting in our current measurement methodology which utilizes this value to determine the fair value of our securitization VIE assets as a whole. As a result, these percentages are not necessarily indicative of the relative fair values of each of these asset categories if the assets were to be valued individually.
Due to our accounting policy election under ASU 2014-13, separately presenting two different asset categories would result in an arbitrary assignment of value to each, with one asset category representing a residual amount, as opposed to its fair value. However, as a pool, the fair value of the assets in total is equal to the fair value of the liabilities.
For these reasons, the assets of our securitization VIEs are presented in the aggregate.
Fair Value Option
The guidance in ASC 825, Financial Instruments, provides a fair value option election that allows entities to make an irrevocable election of fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for certain eligible financial assets and liabilities. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. The decision to elect the fair value option is determined on an instrument by instrument basis and must be applied to an entire instrument and is irrevocable once elected. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value pursuant to this guidance are required to be reported separately in our consolidated balance sheets from those instruments using another accounting method.
We have elected the fair value option for certain eligible financial assets and liabilities of our consolidated securitization VIEs, residential loans held-for-investment, loans held-for-sale originated or acquired for future securitization and purchased CMBS issued by VIEs we could consolidate in the future. The fair value elections for VIE and securitization related items were made in order to mitigate accounting mismatches between the carrying value of the instruments and the related assets and liabilities that we consolidate at fair value. The fair value elections for residential loans held-for-investment were made in order to maintain consistency across all our residential loans. The fair value elections for mortgage loans held-for-sale were made due to the expected short-term holding period of these instruments.
Fair Value Measurements
We measure our mortgage-backed securities, investments of consolidated affordable housing fund, derivative assets and liabilities, domestic servicing rights intangible asset and any assets or liabilities where we have elected the fair value option at fair value. When actively quoted observable prices are not available, we either use implied pricing from similar assets and liabilities or valuation models based on net present values of estimated future cash flows, adjusted as appropriate for liquidity, credit, market and/or other risk factors.
As discussed above, we measure the assets and liabilities of consolidated securitization VIEs at fair value pursuant to our election of the fair value option. The securitization VIEs in which we invest are “static”; that is, no reinvestment is permitted, and there is no active management of the underlying assets. In determining the fair value of the assets and liabilities of the securitization VIEs, we maximize the use of observable inputs over unobservable inputs. Refer to Note 20 for further discussion regarding our fair value measurements.
Loans Held-for-Investment
Loans that are held for investment (“HFI”) are carried at cost, net of unamortized acquisition premiums or discounts, loan fees and origination costs, as applicable, and net of credit loss allowances as discussed below, unless we have elected to apply the fair value option at purchase.
Loans Held-For-Sale
Our loans that we intend to sell or liquidate in the short-term are classified as held-for-sale and are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value, unless we have elected to apply the fair value option at origination or purchase. We periodically enter into derivative financial instruments to hedge unpredictable changes in fair value of loans held-for-sale, including changes resulting from both interest rates and credit quality. Because these derivatives are not designated, changes in their fair value are recorded in earnings. In order to best reflect the results of the hedged loan portfolio in earnings, we have elected the fair value option for these loans. As a result, changes in the fair value of the loans are also recorded in earnings.
Investment Securities
We designate our debt investment securities as held-to-maturity (“HTM”), available-for-sale (“AFS”), or trading depending on our investment strategy and ability to hold such securities to maturity. HTM debt securities where we have not elected to apply the fair value option are stated at cost plus any premiums or discounts, which are amortized or accreted through the condensed consolidated statements of operations using the effective interest method. Debt securities we (i) do not hold for the purpose of selling in the near-term, or (ii) may dispose of prior to maturity, are classified as AFS and are carried at fair value in the accompanying financial statements. Unrealized gains or losses on AFS debt securities where we have not elected the fair value option are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) in stockholders’ equity. Our HTM and AFS debt securities are also subject to credit loss allowances as discussed below.
Our only equity investment security is carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses recorded in earnings.
Credit Losses
Loans and Debt Securities Measured at Amortized Cost
ASC 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, became effective for the Company on January 1, 2020. ASC 326 mandates the use of a current expected credit loss model (“CECL”) for estimating future credit losses of certain financial instruments measured at amortized cost, instead of the “incurred loss” credit model previously required under GAAP. The CECL model requires the consideration of possible credit losses over the life of an instrument as opposed to only estimating credit losses upon the occurrence of a discrete loss event under the previous “incurred loss” methodology. The CECL model applies to our HFI loans and our HTM debt securities which are carried at amortized cost, including future funding commitments and accrued interest receivable related to those loans and securities. However, as permitted by ASC 326, we have elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable (which is classified separately on our condensed consolidated balance sheets), but rather write off in a timely manner by reversing interest income and/or cease accruing interest that would likely be uncollectible.
As we do not have a history of realized credit losses on our HFI loans and HTM securities, we have subscribed to third party database services to provide us with historical industry losses for both commercial real estate and infrastructure loans. Using these losses as a benchmark, we determine expected credit losses for our loans and securities on a collective basis within our commercial real estate and infrastructure portfolios. See Note 4 for further discussion of our methodologies.
We also evaluate each loan and security measured at amortized cost for credit deterioration at least quarterly. Credit deterioration occurs when it is deemed probable that we will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan or security. If a loan or security is considered to be credit deteriorated, we depart from the industry loss rate approach described above and determine the credit loss allowance as any excess of the amortized cost basis of the loan or security over (i) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the contractual effective interest rate or (ii) the fair value of the collateral, if repayment is expected solely from the collateral.
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities
Separate provisions of ASC 326 apply to our AFS debt securities, which are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of AOCI. We are required to establish an initial credit loss allowance for those securities that are purchased with credit deterioration (“PCD”) by grossing up the amortized cost basis of each security and providing an offsetting credit loss allowance for the difference between expected cash flows and contractual cash flows, both on a present value basis.
Subsequently, cumulative adverse changes in expected cash flows on our AFS debt securities are recognized currently as an increase to the allowance for credit losses. However, the allowance is limited to the amount by which the AFS debt security’s amortized cost exceeds its fair value. Favorable changes in expected cash flows are first recognized as a decrease to the allowance for credit losses (recognized currently in earnings). Such changes would be recognized as a prospective yield adjustment only when the allowance for credit losses is reduced to zero. A change in expected cash flows that is attributable solely to a change in a variable interest reference rate does not result in a credit loss and is accounted for as a prospective yield adjustment.
Investments of Consolidated Affordable Housing Fund
On November 5, 2021, we established Woodstar Portfolio Holdings, LLC (the “Woodstar Fund”), an investment fund which holds our Woodstar multifamily affordable housing portfolios consisting of 59 properties with 15,057 units located in Central and South Florida. As managing member of the Woodstar Fund, we manage interests purchased by third party investors seeking capital appreciation and an ongoing return, for which we earn (i) a management fee based on each investor’s share of total Woodstar Fund equity; and (ii) an incentive distribution if the Woodstar Fund’s returns exceed an established threshold. In connection with the establishment of the Woodstar Fund, we entered into subscription and other related agreements with certain third party institutional investors to sell, through a feeder fund structure, an aggregate 20.6% interest in the Woodstar Fund for an initial aggregate subscription price of $216.0 million, which was adjusted to $214.2 million post-closing. The Woodstar Fund has an initial term of eight years.

Effective with the third party interest sale, the Woodstar Fund has the characteristics of an investment company under ASC 946, Financial Services – Investment Companies. Accordingly, the Woodstar Fund is required to carry the investments in its properties at fair value, with a cumulative effect adjustment between the fair value and previous carrying value of its investments recognized in stockholders’ equity as of November 5, 2021, the date of the Woodstar Fund’s change in status to an investment company. Because we are the primary beneficiary of the Woodstar Fund, which is a VIE (as discussed in Note 15), we consolidate the accounts of the Woodstar Fund into our consolidated financial statements, retaining the fair value basis of accounting for its investments. Realized and unrealized changes in the fair value of the Woodstar Fund’s property investments, and distributions thereon, are recognized in the “Income from affordable housing fund investments” caption within the other income (loss) section of our condensed consolidated statements of operations. See Note 7 for further details regarding the Woodstar Fund’s investments and related income and Note 17 with respect to its contingently redeemable non-controlling interests which are classified as “Temporary Equity” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Revenue Recognition
Interest Income
Interest income on performing loans and financial instruments is accrued based on the outstanding principal amount and contractual terms of the instrument. For loans where we do not elect the fair value option, origination fees and direct loan origination costs are also recognized in interest income over the loan term as a yield adjustment using the effective interest method. When we elect the fair value option, origination fees and direct loan costs are recorded directly in income and are not deferred. Discounts or premiums associated with the purchase of non-performing loans and investment securities are amortized or accreted into interest income as a yield adjustment on the effective interest method, based on expected cash flows through the expected maturity date of the investment. On at least a quarterly basis, we review and, if appropriate, make adjustments to our cash flow projections.
We cease accruing interest on non-performing loans at the earlier of (i) the loan becoming significantly past due or (ii) management concluding that a full recovery of all interest and principal is doubtful. Interest income on non-accrual loans in which management expects a full recovery of the loan’s outstanding principal balance is only recognized when received in cash. If full recovery of principal is doubtful or if collection of interest is less than probable, the cost recovery method is applied whereby any cash received is applied to the outstanding principal balance of the loan. A non-accrual loan is returned to accrual
status at such time as the loan becomes contractually current and management believes all future principal and interest will be received according to the contractual loan terms.
For loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality, interest income is only recognized to the extent that our estimate of undiscounted expected principal and interest exceeds our investment in the loan. Such excess, if any, is recognized as interest income on a level-yield basis over the life of the loan.
Upon the sale of loans or securities which are not accounted for pursuant to the fair value option, the excess (or deficiency) of net proceeds over the net carrying value of such loans or securities is recognized as a realized gain (loss).
Servicing Fees
We typically seek to be the special servicer on CMBS transactions in which we invest. When we are appointed to serve in this capacity, we earn special servicing fees from the related activities performed, which consist primarily of overseeing the workout of under-performing and non-performing loans underlying the CMBS transactions. These fees are recognized in income in the period in which the services are performed and the revenue recognition criteria have been met.
Rental Income
Rental income is recognized when earned from tenants. For leases that provide rent concessions or fixed escalations over the lease term, rental income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the noncancelable term of the lease. In net lease arrangements, costs reimbursable from tenants are recognized in rental income in the period in which the related expenses are incurred as we are generally the primary obligor with respect to purchasing goods and services for property operations. In instances where the tenant is responsible for property maintenance and repairs and contracts and settles such costs directly with third party service providers, we do not reflect those expenses in our consolidated statement of operations as the tenant is the primary obligor.
Foreign Currency Translation
Our assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars using foreign currency exchange rates at the end of the reporting period. Income and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates for each reporting period. The effects of translating the assets, liabilities and income of our foreign investments held by entities with a U.S. dollar functional currency are included in foreign currency gain (loss) in the consolidated statements of operations. Realized foreign currency gains and losses and changes in the value of foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are included in the determination of net income and are reported as foreign currency gain (loss) in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Income Taxes
The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code. The Company is subject to federal income taxation at corporate rates on its REIT taxable income, however, the Company is allowed a deduction for the amount of dividends paid to its stockholders in arriving at its REIT taxable income. As a result, distributed net income of the Company is subjected to taxation at the stockholder level only. The Company intends to continue operating in a manner that will permit it to maintain its qualification as a REIT for tax purposes.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The Company evaluates the realizability of its deferred tax assets and recognizes a valuation allowance if, based on the available evidence, both positive and negative, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of its deferred tax assets will not be realized. When evaluating the realizability of its deferred tax assets, the Company considers, among other matters, estimates of expected future taxable income, nature of current and cumulative losses, existing and projected book/tax differences, tax planning strategies available, and the general and industry specific economic outlook. This realizability analysis is inherently subjective, as it requires the Company to forecast its business and general economic environment in future periods.

We recognize tax positions in the financial statements only when it is more likely than not that, based on the technical merits of the tax position, the position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that will more likely than not be realized upon settlement. If, as a result of new events or information, a recognized tax position no longer is considered more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, a liability is established for the unrecognized benefit with a corresponding charge to income tax expense in our consolidated
statement of operations. We report interest and penalties, if any, related to income tax matters as a component of income tax expense.

Earnings Per Share
We present both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) amounts in our financial statements. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the maximum potential dilution that could occur from (i) our share-based compensation, consisting of unvested restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) and restricted stock units (“RSUs and any outstanding discounted share purchase options under the Employee Stock Purchase Program (“ESPP”), (ii) shares contingently issuable to our Manager, (iii) the conversion options associated with our senior convertible notes (the “Convertible Notes”) (see Notes 11 and 18) and (iv) non-controlling interests that are redeemable with our common stock (see Note 17). Potential dilutive shares are excluded from the calculation if they have an anti-dilutive effect in the period.

Nearly all of the Company’s unvested RSUs and RSAs contain rights to receive non-forfeitable dividends and thus are participating securities. In addition, the non-controlling interests that are redeemable with our common stock are considered participating securities because they earn a preferred return indexed to the dividend rate on our common stock (see Note 17). Due to the existence of these participating securities, the two-class method of computing EPS is required, unless another method is determined to be more dilutive. Under the two-class method, undistributed earnings are reallocated between shares of common stock and participating securities. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the two-class method resulted in the most dilutive EPS calculation.

Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. The most significant and subjective estimate that we make is the projection of cash flows we expect to receive on our investments, which has a significant impact on the amount of income that we record and/or disclose. In addition, the fair value of assets and liabilities that are estimated using a discounted cash flows method is significantly impacted by the rates at which we estimate market participants would discount the expected cash flows. Amounts ultimately realized from our investments may vary significantly from the fair values presented.
We believe the estimates and assumptions underlying our consolidated financial statements are reasonable and supportable based on the information available as of September 30, 2023. Actual results may ultimately differ from those estimates.
Recent Accounting Developments
On March 12, 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) – Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, and on January 11, 2021, issued ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) – Scope, both of which provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference LIBOR or other reference rates expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. These ASUs are effective through December 31, 2024, as extended by ASU 2022-06, Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848, issued by the FASB on December 21, 2022. The Company has not adopted any of the optional expedients or exceptions through September 30, 2023.
v3.23.3
Acquisitions and Divestitures
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]  
Acquisitions and Divestitures Acquisitions and Divestitures
Investing and Servicing Segment Property Portfolio (REIS Equity Portfolio)

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we sold two operating properties for $34.6 million within the REIS Equity Portfolio. In connection with these sales, we recognized a total gain of $10.6 million within gain on sale of investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 we sold three operating properties for $50.9 million within the REIS Equity Portfolio. In connection with these sales, we recognized a total gain of $15.4 million within gain on sale of investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, we sold an operating property for $19.5 million. In connection with this sale, we recognized a total gain of $13.7 million within gain on sale of investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we sold two operating properties for $54.0 million. In connection with these sales, we recognized a total gain of $25.4 million within gain on sale of investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated statement of operations, of which $0.6 million was attributable to non-controlling interests.

Commercial and Residential Lending Segment
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we sold four units in a residential conversion project in New York for $12.1 million within the Commercial and Residential Lending Segment (three of which were sold during the three months ended September 30, 2023 for $9.1 million). In connection with these sales, there was no gain or loss recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we sold a distribution facility located in Orlando, Florida that was previously acquired in April 2019 through foreclosure of a loan with a carrying value of $18.5 million. The property was sold for $114.8 million and we recognized a gain of $86.6 million within gain on sale of investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated statement of operations.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we had no significant acquisitions of properties or businesses other than properties acquired through loan foreclosure or obtaining equity control as discussed in Note 4.
v3.23.3
Loans
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans Loans
Our loans held-for-investment are accounted for at amortized cost and our loans held-for-sale are accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value, unless we have elected the fair value option for either. The following tables summarize our investments in mortgages and loans as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
September 30, 2023Carrying
Value
Face
Amount
Weighted
Average
Coupon (1)
Weighted
Average Life
(“WAL”)
(years)(2)
Loans held-for-investment:
Commercial loans:
First mortgages (3)$14,812,543 $14,887,200 9.0 %1.3
Subordinated mortgages (4)75,097 75,617 14.8 %1.1
Mezzanine loans (3)246,968 248,518 13.5 %1.6
Other87,193 88,339 9.6 %1.6
Total commercial loans15,221,801 15,299,674 
Infrastructure first priority loans 2,283,724 2,334,472 9.6 %4.0
Total loans held-for-investment17,505,525 17,634,146 
Loans held-for-sale:
Residential, fair value option 2,499,681 2,954,536 4.5 %N/A(5)
Commercial, fair value option
102,584 107,997 7.0 %6.1
Total loans held-for-sale2,602,265 3,062,533 
Total gross loans20,107,790 $20,696,679 
Credit loss allowances:
Commercial loans held-for-investment(261,914)
Infrastructure loans held-for-investment(9,406)
Total allowances(271,320)
Total net loans$19,836,470 
December 31, 2022
Loans held-for-investment:
Commercial loans:
First mortgages (3)$15,562,452 $15,648,358 7.9 %1.7
Subordinated mortgages (4)71,100 72,118 13.6 %1.8
Mezzanine loans (3)445,363 442,339 12.9 %1.0
Other58,393 59,393 8.2 %1.4
Total commercial loans16,137,308 16,222,208 
Infrastructure first priority loans2,363,544 2,395,762 8.6 %3.9
Total loans held-for-investment18,500,852 18,617,970 
Loans held-for-sale:
Residential, fair value option 2,763,458 3,092,915 4.5 %N/A(5)
Commercial, fair value option21,136 23,900 5.7 %8.6
Total loans held-for-sale2,784,594 3,116,815 
Total gross loans21,285,446 $21,734,785 
Credit loss allowances:
Commercial loans held-for-investment(88,801)
Infrastructure loans held-for-investment(10,612)
Total allowances(99,413)
Total net loans$21,186,033 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Calculated using applicable index rates as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for variable rate loans and excludes loans for which interest income is not recognized.
(2)Represents the WAL of each respective group of loans, excluding loans for which interest income is not recognized, as of the respective balance sheet date. The WAL of each individual loan is calculated using amounts and timing of future principal payments, as projected at origination or acquisition.
(3)First mortgages include first mortgage loans and any contiguous mezzanine loan components because as a whole, the expected credit quality of these loans is more similar to that of a first mortgage loan. The application of this methodology resulted in mezzanine loans with carrying values of $1.1 billion and $1.3 billion being classified as first mortgages as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
(4)Subordinated mortgages include B-Notes and junior participation in first mortgages where we do not own the senior A-Note or senior participation. If we own both the A-Note and B-Note, we categorize the loan as a first mortgage loan.
(5)Residential loans have a weighted average remaining contractual life of 28.0 years and 28.8 years as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
As of September 30, 2023, our variable rate loans held-for-investment, excluding loans for which interest income is not recognized, were as follows (dollars in thousands):
September 30, 2023Carrying
Value
Weighted-average
Spread Above Index
Commercial loans$14,532,060 4.0 %
Infrastructure loans2,281,923 4.1 %
Total variable rate loans held-for-investment$16,813,983 4.0 %

Credit Loss Allowances
As discussed in Note 2, we do not have a history of realized credit losses on our HFI loans and HTM securities, so we have subscribed to third party database services to provide us with industry losses for both commercial real estate and infrastructure loans. Using these losses as a benchmark, we determine expected credit losses for our loans and securities on a collective basis within our commercial real estate and infrastructure portfolios.
For our commercial loans, we utilize a loan loss model that is widely used among banks and commercial mortgage REITs and is marketed by a leading CMBS data analytics provider. It employs logistic regression to forecast expected losses at the loan level based on a commercial real estate loan securitization database that contains activity dating back to 1998. We provide specific loan-level inputs which include loan-to-stabilized-value (“LTV”) and debt service coverage ratio (DSCR) metrics, as well as principal balances, property type, location, coupon, origination year, term, subordination, expected repayment dates and future fundings. We also select from a group of independent five-year macroeconomic forecasts included in the model that are updated regularly based on current economic trends. We categorize the results by LTV range, which we consider the most significant indicator of credit quality for our commercial loans, as set forth in the credit quality indicator table below. A lower LTV ratio typically indicates a lower credit loss risk.
The macroeconomic forecasts do not differentiate among property types or asset classes. Instead, these forecasts reference general macroeconomic conditions (i.e. Gross Domestic Product, employment and interest rates) which apply broadly across all assets. For instance, although the office sector has been adversely affected by the increase in remote working arrangements and the retail sector has been adversely affected by electronic commerce, the broad macroeconomic forecasts do not account for such differentiation. Accordingly, we have selected more adverse macroeconomic recovery forecasts related to office and retail properties than for other property types in determining our credit loss allowance. We have also selected a more adverse macroeconomic recovery forecast for those properties which are experiencing more challenges than their general property type or asset class.
For our infrastructure loans, we utilize a database of historical infrastructure loan performance that is shared among a consortium of banks and other lenders and compiled by a major bond credit rating agency. The database is representative of industry-wide project finance activity dating back to 1983. We derive historical loss rates from the database filtered by industry, sub-industry, term and construction status for each of our infrastructure loans. Those historical loss rates reflect global
economic cycles over a long period of time as well as average recovery rates. We categorize the results principally between the power and oil and gas industries, which we consider the most significant indicator of credit quality for our infrastructure loans, as set forth in the credit quality indicator table below.
As discussed in Note 2, we use a discounted cash flow or collateral value approach, rather than the industry loan loss approach described above, to determine credit loss allowances for any credit deteriorated loans.
We regularly evaluate the extent and impact of any credit deterioration associated with the performance and/or value of the underlying collateral, as well as the financial and operating capability of the borrower. Specifically, the collateral’s operating results and any cash reserves are analyzed and used to assess (i) whether cash flow from operations is sufficient to cover the debt service requirements currently and into the future, (ii) the ability of the borrower to refinance the loan and/or (iii) the collateral’s liquidation value. We also evaluate the financial wherewithal of any loan guarantors as well as the borrower’s competency in managing and operating the collateral. In addition, we consider the overall economic environment, real estate or industry sector, and geographic sub-market in which the borrower operates. Such analyses are completed and reviewed by asset management and finance personnel who utilize various data sources, including (i) periodic financial data such as property operating statements, occupancy, tenant profile, rental rates, operating expenses, the borrower’s exit plan, and capitalization and discount rates, (ii) site inspections and (iii) current credit spreads and discussions with market participants.
The significant credit quality indicators for our loans measured at amortized cost, which excludes loans held-for-sale, were as follows as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):
Term Loans
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Revolving Loans
Amortized Cost
Total
Total
Amortized
Cost Basis
Credit
Loss
Allowance
As of September 30, 202320232022202120202019Prior
Commercial loans:
Credit quality indicator:
LTV < 60%$265,245 $1,937,607 $3,101,829 $188,077 $991,760 $206,365 $— $6,690,883 $24,768 
LTV 60% - 70%85,019 1,911,675 3,526,879 94,397 102,782 386,971 — 6,107,723 73,696 
LTV > 70%40,008 102,433 653,348 440,349 433,034 637,766 — 2,306,938 158,525 
Credit deteriorated— — — — — 29,065 — 29,065 4,925 
Defeased and other30,374 41,543 — — — 15,275 — 87,192 — 
Total commercial$420,646 $3,993,258 $7,282,056 $722,823 $1,527,576 $1,275,442 $— $15,221,801 $261,914 
Infrastructure loans:
Credit quality indicator:
Power$288,797 $— $107,644 $75,616 $278,309 $465,377 $5,757 $1,221,500 $3,722 
Oil and gas216,509 123,212 346,269 — 188,682 134,959 2,048 1,011,679 5,483 
Other48,744 — — — — — — 48,744 201 
Credit deteriorated— — — — — 1,801 — 1,801 — 
Total infrastructure$554,050 $123,212 $453,913 $75,616 $466,991 $602,137 $7,805 $2,283,724 $9,406 
Loans held-for-sale2,602,265 — 
Total gross loans$20,107,790 $271,320 
Non-Credit Deteriorated Loans
As of September 30, 2023, we had the following loans with a combined amortized cost basis of $229.9 million that were 90 days or greater past due at September 30, 2023: (i) a $122.2 million senior mortgage loan on an office building in Washington, DC; (ii) a $37.8 million leasehold mortgage loan on a luxury resort in California destroyed by wildfire; (iii) $60.7 million of residential loans; and (iv) a $9.2 million loan on a hospitality asset in New York City that our Investing and Servicing Segment acquired as nonperforming in October 2021. All of these loans were on nonaccrual as of September 30, 2023.
We also had the following loans on nonaccrual that were not 90 days or greater past due as of September 30, 2023: (i) a $220.1 million senior loan on a retail and entertainment project in New Jersey, of which $7.3 million was previously converted into equity interests (see Note 8); and (ii) a $60.8 million mortgage and mezzanine loan on a multifamily property in Portland, Oregon. The loans were not considered credit deteriorated as we presently expect to recover all amounts due.
Credit Deteriorated Loans
As of September 30, 2023, we had the following loans that were deemed credit deteriorated: (i) a $38.8 million commercial mortgage loan on an office and retail complex in Arizona for which we provided a $14.7 million specific credit loss allowance during the three months ended June 30, 2023, which was charged off in the same period; (ii) a $12.9 million infrastructure loan participation collateralized by a first priority lien on two natural gas fired power plants near Chicago for which we provided an $11.1 million specific credit loss allowance during the six months ended June 30, 2023, which was charged off during the three months ended September 30, 2023; and (iii) a $4.9 million commercial subordinated loan secured by a department store in Chicago which was fully reserved in prior years. All of these loans are on nonaccrual under the cost recovery method as of September 30, 2023.
Foreclosures
In May 2023, we obtained a deed in lieu of foreclosure on a mortgage loan on the retail portion of a hotel located in Chicago, which resulted in our obtaining physical possession of the underlying collateral. The carrying value of the loan was $41.1 million. In connection therewith, we reclassified the carrying value of the loan (representing our acquisition cost of the underlying land, building and in-place leases) to properties ($36.8 million) and lease intangible assets ($4.3 million) in accordance with the asset acquisition provisions of ASC 805.
Loan Modifications
We may amend or modify a loan based on its specific facts and circumstances. These modifications are often in the form of a term extension to provide the borrower additional time to refinance or sell the collateral property in order to repay the principal balance of the loan. Such extensions are generally made at the loan’s contractual interest rate and may require an extension fee be paid to us. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we made one such modification which is disclosable under ASU 2022-02, Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, as it was considered an other-than-insignificant payment delay for a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. In this instance we granted a 19-month term extension for a fully funded mortgage loan on an office park in Irvine, CA which had an amortized cost basis of $197.2 million, representing 1.3% of our commercial loans as of September 30, 2023. In connection therewith, we also provided a $25.1 million preferred equity commitment (of which $19.6 million was unfunded as of September 30, 2023), principally to fund property improvements and lease-up costs prior to the loan’s extended maturity. The loan has paid all contractual interest due as of September 30, 2023 and its modified terms, including the preferred equity commitment, were included in the determination of our general CECL reserve.
The following tables present the activity in our credit loss allowance for funded loans and unfunded commitments (amounts in thousands):
Funded Commitments Credit Loss Allowance
Loans Held-for-InvestmentTotal
Funded Loans
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
CommercialInfrastructure
Credit loss allowance at December 31, 2022$88,801 $10,612 $99,413 
Credit loss provision, net187,775 9,900 197,675 
Charge-offs (1)(14,662)(11,106)(25,768)
Credit loss allowance at September 30, 2023$261,914 $9,406 $271,320 
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Represents the charge-off of (i) a $14.7 million credit loss allowance related to the portion of a credit deteriorated commercial mortgage loan on an office and retail complex in Arizona deemed uncollectible and (ii) an $11.1 million credit loss allowance related to the portion of a credit deteriorated infrastructure loan participation collateralized by a first priority lien on two natural gas fired power plants near Chicago, which was deemed uncollectible due to a third party’s nearly complete acquisition of the power plants (see discussion of both above). Such loans were originated in 2015 and 2017, respectively, with the infrastructure loan acquired as part of the Infrastructure Lending Segment acquisition in 2018.

Unfunded Commitments Credit Loss Allowance (1)
Loans Held-for-InvestmentHTM Preferred
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
CommercialInfrastructureInterests (2)CMBS (2)Total
Credit loss allowance at December 31, 2022$9,749 $72 $— $52 $9,873 
Credit loss provision, net
3,141 342 6,695 88 10,266 
Credit loss allowance at September 30, 2023$12,890 $414 $6,695 $140 $20,139 
Memo: Unfunded commitments as of September 30, 2023 (3)
$1,362,554 $46,183 $19,543 $33,806 $1,462,086 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.
(2)See Note 5 for further details.
(3)Represents amounts expected to be funded (see Note 22).
Loan Portfolio Activity
The activity in our loan portfolio was as follows (amounts in thousands):
Held-for-Investment Loans
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
CommercialInfrastructureResidentialHeld-for-Sale LoansTotal Loans
Balance at December 31, 2022$16,048,507 $2,352,932 $— $2,784,594 $21,186,033 
Acquisitions/originations/additional funding1,053,627 605,397 — 363,520 2,022,544 
Capitalized interest (1)91,641 389 — 172 92,202 
Basis of loans sold (2)(53,000)— — (337,321)(390,321)
Loan maturities/principal repayments(1,903,021)(683,053)— (137,916)(2,723,990)
Discount accretion/premium amortization40,733 10,298 — — 51,031 
Changes in fair value— — — (111,247)(111,247)
Foreign currency translation loss, net
(48,362)(1,745)— — (50,107)
Credit loss provision, net(187,775)(9,900)— — (197,675)
Loan foreclosure(41,071)— — (929)(42,000)(3)
Transfer to/from other asset classifications or between segments(41,392)— — 41,392 — 
Balance at September 30, 2023$14,959,887 $2,274,318 $— $2,602,265 $19,836,470 
Held-for-Investment Loans
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
CommercialInfrastructureResidentialHeld-for-Sale LoansTotal Loans
Balance at December 31, 2021$13,450,198 $2,027,426 $59,225 $2,876,800 $18,413,649 
Acquisitions/originations/additional funding4,410,306 597,092 — 3,793,467 8,800,865 
Capitalized interest (1)85,454 373 1,445 402 87,674 
Basis of loans sold (2)(6,330)— — (4,056,511)(4,062,841)
Loan maturities/principal repayments(1,558,907)(246,127)(6,663)(146,184)(1,957,881)
Discount accretion/premium amortization40,179 7,289 — — 47,468 
Changes in fair value— — (485)(326,252)(326,737)
Foreign currency translation loss, net(612,669)(4,530)— — (617,199)
Credit loss provision, net(18,262)(7,079)— — (25,341)
Loan foreclosure and equity control(50,151)— — — (50,151)(4)
Transfer to/from other asset classifications or between segments(63,616)— (346)63,962 — 
Balance at September 30, 2022$15,676,202 $2,374,444 $53,176 $2,205,684 $20,309,506 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Represents accrued interest income on loans whose terms do not require current payment of interest.
(2)See Note 12 for additional disclosure on these transactions.
(3)Represents the $41.1 million carrying value of a mortgage loan on the retail portion of a hotel located in Chicago foreclosed in May 2023 (see discussion above) and $0.9 million in residential mortgage loans foreclosed.
(4)Represents the net carrying value of first mortgage and contiguous mezzanine loans related to an office building in Texas that is eliminated as a result of consolidating the net assets of the mezzanine borrower entity upon obtaining control over its pledged equity interests in May 2022.
v3.23.3
Investment Securities
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investment Securities Investment Securities
Investment securities were comprised of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Carrying Value as of
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
RMBS, available-for-sale$102,076 $113,386 
RMBS, fair value option (1)451,191 423,183 
CMBS, fair value option (1), (2)1,209,336 1,262,846 
HTM debt securities, amortized cost net of credit loss allowance of $12,994 and $3,182
591,948 673,470 
Equity security, fair value8,829 9,840 
SubtotalInvestment securities
2,363,380 2,482,725 
VIE eliminations (1)(1,641,787)(1,666,921)
Total investment securities$721,593 $815,804 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Certain fair value option CMBS and RMBS are eliminated in consolidation against VIE liabilities pursuant to ASC 810.
(2)Includes $187.3 million and $198.9 million of non-controlling interests in the consolidated entities which hold certain of these CMBS as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Purchases, sales and redemptions, and principal collections for all investment securities were as follows (amounts in thousands):
RMBS,
available-for-sale
RMBS, fair
value option
CMBS, fair
value option
HTM
Securities
Equity
Security
Securitization
VIEs (1)
Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Purchases/fundings$— $— $— $5,536 $— $— $5,536 
Sales and redemptions549 — — — 878 — 1,427 
Principal collections2,468 12,979 746 33,762 — (13,624)36,331 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Purchases/fundings$— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Sales and redemptions— — — — — — 
Principal collections3,412 16,914 5,118 609 — (21,802)4,251 
RMBS,
available-for-sale
RMBS, fair
value option
CMBS, fair
value option
HTM
Securities
Equity
Security
Securitization
VIEs (1)
Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Purchases/fundings$— $— $— $6,988 $— $— $6,988 
Sales and redemptions549 — — — 1,173 — 1,722 
Principal collections7,451 41,776 12,980 79,543 — (54,071)87,679 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Purchases/fundings$— $226,152 $63,681 $86,058 $— $(289,833)$86,058 
Sales and redemptions— — — — — — — 
Principal collections16,200 58,843 6,394 2,549 — (64,555)19,431 
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Represents RMBS and CMBS, fair value option amounts eliminated due to our consolidation of securitization VIEs. These amounts are reflected as issuance or repayment of debt of, or distributions from, consolidated VIEs in our consolidated statements of cash flows.
RMBS, Available-for-Sale
The Company classified all of its RMBS not eliminated in consolidation as available-for-sale as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. These RMBS are reported at fair value in the balance sheet with changes in fair value recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”).
The tables below summarize various attributes of our investments in available-for-sale RMBS as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Unrealized Gains or (Losses)
Recognized in AOCI
Amortized
Cost
Credit
Loss
Allowance
Net
Basis
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Net
Fair Value
Adjustment
Fair Value
September 30, 2023
RMBS$87,962 $— $87,962 $17,182 $(3,068)$14,114 $102,076 
December 31, 2022
RMBS$92,431 $— $92,431 $21,765 $(810)$20,955 $113,386 
Weighted Average Coupon (1)WAL 
(Years) (2)
September 30, 2023
RMBS5.8 %7.4
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Calculated using the September 30, 2023 SOFR rate of 5.319% for floating rate securities.
(2)Represents the remaining WAL of each respective group of securities as of the balance sheet date. The WAL of each individual security is calculated using projected amounts and projected timing of future principal payments.
As of September 30, 2023, approximately $91.1 million, or 89%, of RMBS were variable rate. We purchased all of the RMBS at a discount, a portion of which is accreted into income over the expected remaining life of the security. The majority of the income from this strategy is earned from the accretion of this accretable discount.
We have engaged a third party manager who specializes in RMBS to execute the trading of RMBS, the cost of which was $0.2 million for both the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and $0.6 million and $0.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, recorded as management fees in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of any available-for-sale securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded (amounts in thousands):
Estimated Fair ValueUnrealized Losses
Securities with a
loss less than
12 months
Securities with a
loss greater than
12 months
Securities with a
loss less than
12 months
Securities with a
loss greater than
12 months
As of September 30, 2023
RMBS$11,098 $6,077 $(1,626)$(1,442)
As of December 31, 2022
RMBS$6,961 $1,889 $(502)$(308)
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were fourteen securities and ten securities, respectively, with unrealized losses reflected in the table above. After evaluating the securities, we concluded that the unrealized losses reflected above were noncredit-related and would be recovered from the securities’ estimated future cash flows. We considered a number of factors in reaching this conclusion, including that we did not intend to sell the securities, it was not considered more likely than not that we would be forced to sell the securities prior to recovering our amortized cost, and there were no material credit events that would have caused us to otherwise conclude that we would not recover our cost. Credit losses, if any, are calculated by comparing (i) the estimated future cash flows of each security discounted at the yield determined as of the initial acquisition date or, if since revised, as of the last date previously revised, to (ii) our net amortized cost basis. Significant judgment is used in projecting cash flows for our non-agency RMBS. As a result, actual income and/or credit losses could be materially different from what is currently projected and/or reported.
CMBS and RMBS, Fair Value Option
As discussed in the “Fair Value Option” section of Note 2 herein, we elect the fair value option for certain CMBS and RMBS in an effort to eliminate accounting mismatches resulting from the current or potential consolidation of securitization VIEs. As of September 30, 2023, the fair value and unpaid principal balance of CMBS where we have elected the fair value option, excluding the notional value of interest-only securities and before consolidation of securitization VIEs, were $1.2 billion and $2.8 billion, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, the fair value and unpaid principal balance of RMBS where we have elected the fair value option, excluding the notional value of interest-only securities and before consolidation of securitization VIEs, were $451.2 million and $326.3 million, respectively. The $1.7 billion total fair value balance of CMBS and RMBS represents our economic interests in these assets. However, as a result of our consolidation of securitization VIEs, the vast majority of this fair value (all except $18.7 million at September 30, 2023) is eliminated against VIE liabilities before arriving at our GAAP balance for fair value option investment securities.
As of September 30, 2023, $102.9 million of our CMBS were variable rate and none of our RMBS were variable rate.
HTM Debt Securities, Amortized Cost
The table below summarizes our investments in HTM debt securities as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Amortized
Cost Basis
Credit Loss
Allowance
Net Carrying
Amount
Gross Unrealized
Holding Gains
Gross Unrealized
Holding Losses
Fair Value
September 30, 2023
CMBS$569,867 $(492)$569,375 $79 $(28,474)$540,980 
Preferred interests5,411 (2,420)2,991 125 (1,170)1,946 
Infrastructure bonds29,664 (10,082)19,582 33 (18)19,597 
Total$604,942 $(12,994)$591,948 $237 $(29,662)$562,523 
December 31, 2022
CMBS$577,681 $(172)$577,509 $30 $(30,424)$547,115 
Preferred interests29,757 — 29,757 125 (4,863)25,019 
Infrastructure bonds69,214 (3,010)66,204 47 (1,110)65,141 
Total$676,652 $(3,182)$673,470 $202 $(36,397)$637,275 
The following table presents the activity in our credit loss allowance for HTM debt securities (amounts in thousands):
CMBSPreferred
Interests
Infrastructure
Bonds
Total HTM
Credit Loss
Allowance
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Credit loss allowance at December 31, 2022$172 $— $3,010 $3,182 
Credit loss provision, net320 2,420 7,072 9,812 
Credit loss allowance at September 30, 2023$492 $2,420 $10,082 $12,994 
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we provided an additional $7.2 million specific credit loss allowance, bringing the total to $10.0 million, on a $19.2 million infrastructure bond that is collateralized by a first priority lien on a coal-fired power plant in Mississippi. It was deemed credit deteriorated when we acquired the Infrastructure Lending Segment in 2018. It has been placed on nonaccrual under the cost recovery method due to a forbearance and restructuring plan agreed between the lenders and borrower that was necessitated by operating shortfalls at the plant.
The table below summarizes the maturities of our HTM debt securities by type as of September 30, 2023 (amounts in thousands):
CMBSPreferred
Interests
Infrastructure
Bonds
Total
Less than one year$96,520 $— $— $96,520 
One to three years428,684 2,991 332 432,007 
Three to five years44,171 — 10,136 54,307 
Thereafter— — 9,114 9,114 
Total$569,375 $2,991 $19,582 $591,948 
Equity Security, Fair Value
During 2012, we acquired 9,140,000 ordinary shares from a related-party in Starwood European Real Estate Finance Limited (“SEREF”), a debt fund that is externally managed by an affiliate of our Manager and is listed on the London Stock Exchange. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, 672,166 and 895,182 shares were redeemed by SEREF, for proceeds of $0.9 million and $1.2 million, respectively, leaving 8,244,818 held as of September 30, 2023. The fair value of the investment remeasured in USD was $8.8 million and $9.8 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, our shares represent an approximate 2% interest in SEREF.
v3.23.3
Properties
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Real Estate [Abstract]  
Properties Properties
Our properties are held within the following portfolios:
Medical Office Portfolio
The Medical Office Portfolio is comprised of 34 medical office buildings acquired during the year ended December 31, 2016. These properties, which collectively comprise 1.9 million square feet, are geographically dispersed throughout the U.S. and primarily affiliated with major hospitals or located on or adjacent to major hospital campuses. The Medical Office Portfolio includes total gross properties and lease intangibles of $776.4 million and debt of $597.9 million as of September 30, 2023.
Master Lease Portfolio
The Master Lease Portfolio is comprised of 16 retail properties geographically dispersed throughout the U.S., with more than 50% of the portfolio, by carrying value, located in Florida, Texas and Minnesota. These properties, which we acquired in September 2017, collectively comprise 1.9 million square feet and were leased back to the seller under corporate guaranteed master net lease agreements with initial terms of 24.6 years and periodic rent escalations. The Master Lease Portfolio includes total gross properties of $343.8 million and debt of $193.6 million as of September 30, 2023.
Investing and Servicing Segment Property Portfolio
The REIS Equity Portfolio is comprised of 7 commercial real estate properties which were acquired from CMBS trusts over time. The REIS Equity Portfolio includes total gross properties and lease intangibles of $142.9 million and debt of $93.1 million as of September 30, 2023.
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment Property Portfolio
The Commercial and Residential Lending Segment Portfolio represents properties acquired through loan foreclosure or exercise of control over a mezzanine loan borrower’s pledged equity interests. This portfolio includes total gross properties and lease intangibles of $494.4 million and debt of $204.4 million as of September 30, 2023.
Woodstar Portfolios
Refer to Note 7 for a discussion of our Woodstar I and Woodstar II Portfolios which are not included in the table below.
The table below summarizes our properties held as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
Depreciable LifeSeptember 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Property Segment
Land and land improvements
0 - 15 years
$176,140 $176,029 
Buildings and building improvements
0 - 45 years
864,314 856,411 
Furniture & fixtures
3 - 5 years
606 446 
Investing and Servicing Segment
Land and land improvements
0 - 15 years
27,334 34,613 
Buildings and building improvements
3 - 40 years
89,434 122,384 
Furniture & fixtures
2 - 5 years
2,858 3,207 
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment
Land and land improvements
N/A
95,603 99,043 
Buildings and building improvements
0 - 50 years
113,467 79,661 
Construction in progress
N/A
266,833 287,701 
Properties, cost1,636,589 1,659,495 
Less: accumulated depreciation(230,798)(209,509)
Properties, net$1,405,791 $1,449,986 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a $23.8 million property impairment loss within other loss, net in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. The loss related to a vacant building in California which had been acquired by our Commercial and Residential Lending Segment through a loan foreclosure in December 2022. Management continues to evaluate a variety of potential sale and redevelopment opportunities related to the property. Given the current range of these potential outcomes, we determined that our basis may not be fully recoverable. The estimated fair value of the property was based on a third party appraisal obtained earlier this year.

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we sold two operating properties for $34.6 million within the REIS Equity Portfolio. In connection with these sales, we recognized a total gain of $10.6 million within gain on sale of investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 we sold three operating properties within the REIS Equity Portfolio for $50.9 million. In connection with these sales, we recognized a total gain of $15.4 million within gain on sale of investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, we sold an operating property for $19.5 million. In connection with this sale, we recognized a total gain of $13.7 million within gain on sale of investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we sold two operating properties within the REIS Equity Portfolio for $54.0 million and recognized a total gain of $25.4 million within gain on sale of investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated statement of operations, of which $0.6 million was attributable to non-controlling interests.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we sold four units in a residential conversion project in New York for $12.1 million within the Commercial and Residential Lending Segment (three of which were sold during the three months ended September 30, 2023 for $9.1 million). In connection with these sales, there was no gain or loss recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we sold an operating property within the Commercial and Residential Lending Segment for $114.8 million and recognized a gain of $86.6 million within gain on sale of investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. Refer to Note 3 for further discussion.
v3.23.3
Investments of Consolidated Affordable Housing Fund
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Investments of Consolidated Affordable Housing Fund Investments of Consolidated Affordable Housing Fund
As discussed in Note 2, we established the Woodstar Fund effective November 5, 2021, an investment fund which holds our Woodstar multifamily affordable housing portfolios. The Woodstar portfolios consist of the following:

Woodstar I Portfolio
The Woodstar I Portfolio is comprised of 32 affordable housing communities with 8,948 units concentrated primarily in the Tampa, Orlando and West Palm Beach metropolitan areas. During the year ended December 31, 2015, we acquired 18 of the 32 affordable housing communities of the Woodstar I Portfolio, with the final 14 communities acquired during the year ended December 31, 2016. The Woodstar I Portfolio includes properties at fair value of $1.8 billion and debt at fair value of $728.8 million as of September 30, 2023.
Woodstar II Portfolio
The Woodstar II Portfolio is comprised of 27 affordable housing communities with 6,109 units concentrated primarily in Central and South Florida. We acquired eight of the 27 affordable housing communities in December 2017, with the final 19 communities acquired during the year ended December 31, 2018. The Woodstar II Portfolio includes properties at fair value of $1.4 billion and debt at fair value of $475.6 million as of September 30, 2023.
Income from the Woodstar Fund’s investments reflects the following components for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023
2022
2023
2022
Distributions from affordable housing fund investments
$14,709 $7,112 $35,514 $29,777 
Unrealized change in fair value of investments (1)
2,199 110,415 218,182 628,956 
Income from affordable housing fund investments
$16,908 $117,527 $253,696 $658,733 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)The fair value of the Woodstar Fund’s investments are dependent upon the real estate and capital markets, which are cyclical in nature. Property and investment values are affected by, among other things, capitalization rates, the availability of capital, occupancy, rental rates and interest and inflation rates.
v3.23.3
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities​
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities​ Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
The table below summarizes our investments in unconsolidated entities as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
Participation /
Ownership % (1)
Carrying value as of
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Equity method investments:
Equity interest in two natural gas power plants
10% - 12%
$47,763 $46,618 
Investor entity which owns equity in an online real estate company50%5,495 5,457 
Equity interest in a residential mortgage originator (2)N/A— 1,449 
Various
20% - 50%
16,796 15,377 
70,054 68,901 
Other equity investments:
Equity interest in a servicing and advisory business2%12,955 12,955 
Investment funds which own equity in a loan servicer and other real estate assets
4% - 6%
940 940 
Investor entities which own equity interests in two entertainment and retail centers (3)15%6,201 7,322 
Various
1% - 3%
1,774 1,774 
21,870 22,991 
$91,924 $91,892 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)None of these investments are publicly traded and therefore quoted market prices are not available.
(2)In January 2023, we sold our ownership interest to an unaffiliated third party.
(3)In March 2021, we obtained equity interests in two investor entities that own interests in two entertainment and retail centers in satisfaction of $7.3 million principal amount of a commercial loan. The interests were obtained in order to facilitate repayment of a portion of that loan for which these interests represented underlying collateral. The interests are entitled to preferred treatment in the distribution waterfall and are intended to repay us the $7.3 million principal amount of the loan plus interest. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we received a $1.1 million distribution from an investor entity which was considered a return of capital and reduced the carrying value of that investment. See further discussion in Notes 4 and 24.
There were no differences between the carrying value of our equity method investments and the underlying equity in the net assets of the investees as of September 30, 2023.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we did not become aware of (i) any observable price changes in our other equity investments accounted for under the fair value practicability election or (ii) any indicators of impairment.
v3.23.3
Goodwill and Intangibles
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangibles Goodwill and Intangibles
Goodwill
Goodwill is tested for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.
Infrastructure Lending Segment
The Infrastructure Lending Segment’s goodwill of $119.4 million at both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 represents the excess of consideration transferred over the fair value of net assets acquired on September 19, 2018 and October 15, 2018. The goodwill recognized is attributable to value embedded in the acquired Infrastructure Lending Segment’s lending platform.
LNR Property LLC (“LNR”)
The Investing and Servicing Segment’s goodwill of $140.4 million at both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 represents the excess of consideration transferred over the fair value of net assets of LNR acquired on April 19, 2013. The goodwill recognized is attributable to value embedded in LNR’s existing platform, which includes a network of commercial real estate asset managers, work-out specialists, underwriters and administrative support professionals as well as proprietary historical performance data on commercial real estate assets.
Intangible Assets
Servicing Rights Intangibles
In connection with the LNR acquisition, we identified domestic servicing rights that existed at the purchase date, based upon the expected future cash flows of the associated servicing contracts. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the balance of the domestic servicing intangible was net of $36.0 million and $39.1 million, respectively, which was eliminated in consolidation pursuant to ASC 810 against VIE assets in connection with our consolidation of securitization VIEs. Before VIE consolidation, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the domestic servicing intangible had a balance of $54.2 million and $56.8 million, respectively, which represents our economic interest in this asset.
Lease Intangibles
In connection with our acquisitions of commercial real estate, we recognized in-place lease intangible assets and favorable lease intangible assets associated with certain non-cancelable operating leases of the acquired properties.
The following table summarizes our intangible assets, which are comprised of servicing rights intangibles and lease intangibles, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
As of September 30, 2023As of December 31, 2022
Gross Carrying
Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Value
Gross Carrying
Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Value
Domestic servicing rights, at fair value$18,188 $— $18,188 $17,790 $— $17,790 
In-place lease intangible assets97,913 (67,548)30,365 98,622 (64,246)34,376 
Favorable lease intangible assets28,859 (11,423)17,436 26,649 (10,042)16,607 
Total net intangible assets$144,960 $(78,971)$65,989 $143,061 $(74,288)$68,773 
The following table summarizes the activity within intangible assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 (amounts in thousands):
Domestic
Servicing
Rights
In-place Lease
Intangible
Assets
Favorable Lease
Intangible
Assets
Total
Balance as of January 1, 2023$17,790 $34,376 $16,607 $68,773 
Acquisition (1)— 2,061 2,280 4,341 
Amortization— (5,221)(1,451)(6,672)
Sales— (851)— (851)
Changes in fair value due to changes in inputs and assumptions398 — — 398 
Balance as of September 30, 2023$18,188 $30,365 $17,436 $65,989 
______________________________________________
(1)    Represents lease intangibles related to a deed in lieu of foreclosure on a mortgage loan on the retail portion of a hotel located in Chicago in May 2023 (see Note 4).
The following table sets forth the estimated aggregate amortization of our in-place lease intangible assets and favorable lease intangible assets for the next five years and thereafter (amounts in thousands):
2023 (remainder of)$2,071 
20247,241 
20256,136 
20264,610 
20274,116 
Thereafter23,627 
Total$47,801 
v3.23.3
Secured Borrowings
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Secured Debt [Abstract]  
Secured Borrowings Secured Borrowings
Secured Financing Agreements
The following table is a summary of our secured financing agreements in place as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
Outstanding Balance at
Current
Maturity
   
Extended
Maturity (a)
   Weighted Average
Pricing
Pledged Asset
Carrying Value
Maximum
Facility Size
   September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Repurchase Agreements:
Commercial LoansOct 2023 to Jun 2028
(b)
Oct 2025 to Dec 2030
(b)
Index + 2.02%
(c)
$10,197,141 $12,039,568 
(d)
$6,768,758 $7,746,867 
Residential LoansDec 2023 to Sep 2025Mar 2024 to Sep 2025
SOFR + 1.97%
2,509,325 3,200,000 2,321,057 1,912,774 
Infrastructure LoansSep 2024Sep 2026
SOFR + 2.07%
397,130 650,000 333,119 290,431 
Conduit LoansDec 2023 to Jun 2026Dec 2024 to Jun 2027
SOFR + 2.07%
68,058 388,937 53,059 8,423 
CMBS/RMBSJun 2024 to Apr 2032
(e)
Sep 2024 to Oct 2032
(e)
(f)1,481,324 1,061,603 757,089 
(g)
840,625 
Total Repurchase Agreements14,652,978 17,340,108 10,233,082 10,799,120 
Other Secured Financing:
Borrowing Base FacilityNov 2024Oct 2026
SOFR + 2.11%
47,724 750,000 
(h)
3,920 — 
Commercial Financing FacilitiesDec 2023 to Aug 2028Jul 2025 to Dec 2030
Index + 2.16%
502,694 553,319 
(i)
355,962 311,825 
Residential Financing FacilityN/AN/A
N/A
— — — 244,418 
Infrastructure Financing FacilitiesJun 2025 to Oct 2025Jun 2027 to Jul 2032
Index + 2.14%
857,350 1,550,000 608,847 765,265 
Property Mortgages - Fixed rateOct 2025 to Oct 2027
(j)
N/A4.40%326,161 224,898 224,898 261,100 
Property Mortgages - Variable rateNov 2024 to Dec 2027N/A(k)965,870 849,328 846,946 847,633 
Term Loans and Revolver(l)N/A(l) N/A
(l)
1,520,275 1,370,275 1,380,766 
Total Other Secured Financing2,699,799 5,447,820 3,410,848 3,811,007 
$17,352,777 $22,787,928 13,643,930 14,610,127 
Unamortized net discount(26,039)(30,320)
Unamortized deferred financing costs(60,010)(78,275)
$13,557,881 $14,501,532 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(a)Subject to certain conditions as defined in the respective facility agreement.
(b)For certain facilities, borrowings collateralized by loans existing at maturity may remain outstanding until such loan collateral matures, subject to certain specified conditions.
(c)Certain facilities with an outstanding balance of $2.7 billion as of September 30, 2023 are indexed to EURIBOR, BBSY, SARON and SONIA. The remainder are indexed to SOFR.
(d)Certain facilities with an aggregate initial maximum facility size of $11.9 billion may be increased to $12.0 billion, subject to certain conditions. The $12.0 billion amount includes such upsizes.
(e)Certain facilities with an outstanding balance of $348.0 million as of September 30, 2023 carry a rolling 11-month or 12-month term which may reset monthly or quarterly with the lender’s consent. These facilities carry no maximum facility size.
(f)A facility with an outstanding balance of $259.5 million as of September 30, 2023 has a weighted average fixed annual interest rate of 3.27%. All other facilities are variable rate with a weighted average rate of SOFR + 2.21%.
(g)Includes: (i) $259.5 million outstanding on a repurchase facility that is not subject to margin calls; and (ii) $40.6 million outstanding on one of our repurchase facilities that represents the 49% pro rata share owed by a non-controlling partner in a consolidated joint venture (see Note 15).
(h)The maximum facility size as of September 30, 2023 of $450.0 million may be increased to $750.0 million, subject to certain conditions.
(i)Certain facilities with an aggregate initial maximum facility size of $453.3 million may be increased to $553.3 million, subject to certain conditions. The $553.3 million amount includes such upsizes.
(j)The weighted average maturity is 3.8 years as of September 30, 2023.
(k)Includes a $600.0 million first mortgage and mezzanine loan secured by our Medical Office Portfolio. This debt has a weighted average interest rate of SOFR + 2.07% that we swapped to a fixed rate of 3.34%. The remainder have a weighted average rate of SOFR + 3.36%.
(l)Consists of: (i) a $774.8 million term loan facility that matures in July 2026, of which $384.0 million has an annual interest rate of SOFR + 2.60% and $390.8 million has an annual interest rate of SOFR + 3.35%, subject to a 0.75% SOFR floor, (ii) a $150.0 million revolving credit facility that matures in April 2026 with an annual interest rate of SOFR + 2.60% and (iii) a $595.5 million term loan facility that matures in November 2027, with an annual interest rate of SOFR + 3.25%, subject to a 0.50% SOFR floor. These facilities are secured by the equity interests in certain of our subsidiaries which totaled $5.7 billion as of September 30, 2023.

The above table no longer reflects property mortgages of the Woodstar Portfolios which, as discussed in Notes 2 and 7, are now reflected within “Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund” on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we entered into Residential Loans facilities of $1.8 billion and amended or terminated several Residential Loans facilities, resulting in an aggregate net downsize of $337.9 million. The weighted average spread on the new facilities was 39 bps lower than the facilities that were repaid.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we entered into a commercial credit facility of $63.4 million. In addition, we amended several Commercial Loans facilities resulting in an aggregate upsize of $200.0 million.

In the normal course of business, the Company is in discussions with its lenders to extend, amend or replace any financing facilities which contain near term expirations.

Our secured financing agreements contain certain financial tests and covenants. As of September 30, 2023, we were in compliance with all such covenants.

We seek to mitigate risks associated with our repurchase agreements by managing risk related to the credit quality of our assets, interest rates, liquidity, prepayment speeds and market value. The margin call provisions under the majority of our repurchase facilities, consisting of 69% of these agreements, do not permit valuation adjustments based on capital market events and are limited to collateral-specific credit marks generally determined on a commercially reasonable basis. To monitor credit risk associated with the performance and value of our loans and investments, our asset management team regularly reviews our investment portfolios and is in regular contact with our borrowers, monitoring performance of the collateral and enforcing our rights as necessary. For the 31% of repurchase agreements which do permit valuation adjustments based on capital market events, approximately 7% of these pertain to our loans held-for-sale, for which we manage credit risk through the purchase of credit instruments. We further seek to manage risks associated with our repurchase agreements by matching the maturities and interest rate characteristics of our loans with the related repurchase agreement.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, approximately $10.3 million and $31.1 million, respectively, of amortization of deferred financing costs from secured financing agreements was included in interest expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, approximately $9.5 million and $28.3 million, respectively, of amortization of deferred financing costs from secured financing agreements was included in interest expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

As of September 30, 2023, Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A., Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., and Goldman Sachs Bank USA held collateral sold under certain of our repurchase agreements with carrying values that exceeded the respective repurchase obligations by $775.9 million, $733.0 million, and $702.9 million, respectively. The weighted average extended maturity of those repurchase agreements is 3.1 years, 7.0 years, and 3.5 years, respectively.
Collateralized Loan Obligations and Single Asset Securitization

Commercial and Residential Lending Segment

In February 2022, we refinanced a pool of our commercial loans held-for-investment through a CLO, STWD 2022-FL3. On the closing date, the CLO issued $1.0 billion of notes and preferred shares, of which $842.5 million of notes were purchased by third party investors. We retained $82.5 million of notes along with preferred shares with a liquidation preference of $75.0 million. The CLO contains a reinvestment feature that, subject to certain eligibility criteria, allows us to contribute new loans or participation interests in loans to the CLO for a period of two years. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we utilized the reinvestment feature, contributing $50.2 million of additional interests into the CLO.

In July 2021, we contributed into a single asset securitization, STWD 2021-HTS, a previously originated $230.0 million first mortgage and mezzanine loan on a portfolio of 41 extended stay hotels with $210.1 million of third party financing.

In May 2021, we refinanced a pool of our commercial loans held-for-investment through a CLO, STWD 2021-FL2. On the closing date, the CLO issued $1.3 billion of notes and preferred shares, of which $1.1 billion of notes were purchased by third party investors. We retained $70.1 million of notes, along with preferred shares with a liquidation preference of $127.5 million. The CLO contains a reinvestment feature that, subject to certain eligibility criteria, allows us to contribute new loans or participation interests in loans to the CLO in exchange for cash. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we utilized the reinvestment feature, contributing $93.7 million of additional interests into the CLO.

In August 2019, we refinanced a pool of our commercial loans held-for-investment through a CLO, STWD 2019-FL1. On the closing date, the CLO issued $1.1 billion of notes and preferred shares, of which $936.4 million of notes were purchased by third party investors. We retained $86.6 million of notes, along with preferred shares with a liquidation preference of $77.0 million. The CLO contains a reinvestment feature that, subject to certain eligibility criteria, allowed us to contribute new loans or participation interests in loans to the CLO in exchange for cash. The reinvestment period expired during 2022 and during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we repaid CLO debt in the amount of $161.2 million.

Infrastructure Lending Segment

In January 2022, we refinanced a pool of our infrastructure loans held-for-investment through a CLO, STWD 2021-SIF2. On the closing date, the CLO issued $500.0 million of notes and preferred shares, of which $410.0 million of notes were purchased by third party investors. We retained preferred shares with a liquidation preference of $90.0 million. The CLO contains a reinvestment feature that, subject to certain eligibility criteria, allows us to contribute new loans or participation interests in loans to the CLO for a period of three years. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we utilized the reinvestment feature, contributing $154.4 million of additional interests into the CLO.

In April 2021, we refinanced a pool of our infrastructure loans held-for-investment through a CLO, STWD 2021-SIF1. On the closing date, the CLO issued $500.0 million of notes and preferred shares, of which $410.0 million of notes were purchased by third party investors. We retained preferred shares with a liquidation preference of $90.0 million. The CLO contains a reinvestment feature that, subject to certain eligibility criteria, allows us to contribute new loans or participation interests in loans to the CLO for a period of three years. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we utilized the reinvestment feature, contributing $159.1 million of additional interests into the CLO.
The following table is a summary of our CLOs and our SASB as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
September 30, 2023CountFace
Amount
Carrying
Value
Weighted
Average Spread
Maturity
STWD 2022-FL3
Collateral assets50$999,998 $1,009,424 
SOFR + 3.53%
(a)April 2026(b)
Financing1842,500 840,414 
SOFR + 1.93%
(c)November 2038(d)
STWD 2021-HTS
Collateral assets1230,000 231,293 
SOFR + 3.87%
(a)April 2026(b)
Financing1210,091 209,639 
SOFR + 2.75%
(c)April 2034(d)
STWD 2021-FL2
Collateral assets361,275,042 1,288,073 
Index + 3.94%
(a)November 2025(b)
Financing11,077,375 1,074,437 
SOFR + 1.85%
(c)April 2038(d)
STWD 2019-FL1
Collateral assets14737,444 747,484 
Index + 3.49%
(a)April 2025(b)
Financing1578,016 578,016 
SOFR + 1.64%
(c)July 2038(d)
STWD 2021-SIF2
Collateral assets30498,888 513,296 
SOFR + 3.87%
(a)January 2028(b)
Financing1410,000 407,940 
SOFR + 2.11%
(c)January 2033(d)
STWD 2021-SIF1
Collateral assets31499,203 513,618 
SOFR + 3.98%
(a)August 2027(b)
Financing1410,000 407,828 
SOFR + 2.22%
(c)April 2032(d)
Total
Collateral assets$4,240,575 $4,303,188 
Financing$3,527,982 $3,518,274 
December 31, 2022CountFace
Amount
Carrying
Value
Weighted
Average Spread
Maturity
STWD 2022-FL3
Collateral assets51$1,000,000 $1,010,051 
Index + 3.52%
(a)February 2026(b)
Financing1842,500 842,374 
SOFR + 1.93%
(c)November 2038(d)
STWD 2021-HTS
Collateral assets1230,000 231,186 
LIBOR + 3.85%
(a)April 2026(b)
Financing1210,091 208,961 
LIBOR + 2.71%
(c)April 2034(d)
STWD 2021-FL2
Collateral assets361,277,474 1,284,240 
Index + 4.04%
(a)June 2025(b)
Financing11,077,375 1,072,403 
LIBOR + 1.80%
(c)April 2038(d)
STWD 2019-FL1
Collateral assets16902,799 906,409 
Index + 3.67%
(a)December 2024(b)
Financing1739,174 738,473 
SOFR + 1.64%
(c)July 2038(d)
STWD 2021-SIF2
Collateral assets31495,587 510,730 
Index + 3.73%
(a)February 2027(b)
Financing1410,000 407,260 
 SOFR + 2.11%
(c)January 2033(d)
STWD 2021-SIF1
Collateral assets31495,781 511,471 
Index + 3.76%
(a)November 2026(b)
Financing1410,000 406,753 
LIBOR + 2.15%
(c)April 2032(d)
Total
Collateral assets$4,401,641 $4,454,087 
Financing$3,689,140 $3,676,224 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(a)Represents the weighted-average coupon earned on variable rate loans during the respective year-to-date period. Of the loans financed by the STWD 2021-FL2 CLO as of September 30, 2023, 6% earned fixed-rate weighted average interest of 7.40%. Of the investments financed by the STWD 2021-SIF1 CLO as of September 30, 2023, 2% earned fixed-rate weighted average interest of 5.70%.
(b)Represents the weighted-average maturity, assuming the extended contractual maturity of the collateral assets.
(c)Represents the weighted-average cost of financing incurred during the respective year-to-date period, inclusive of deferred issuance costs.
(d)Repayments of the CLOs and SASB are tied to timing of the related collateral asset repayments. The term of the CLOs and SASB financing obligations represents the legal final maturity date.
We incurred $37.9 million of issuance costs in connection with the CLOs and SASB, which are amortized on an effective yield basis over the estimated life of the CLOs and SASB. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, approximately $2.0 million and $6.7 million, respectively, of amortization of deferred financing costs was included in interest expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, approximately $2.7 million and $7.8 million, respectively, of amortization of deferred financing costs was included in interest expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our unamortized issuance costs were $11.5 million and $18.2 million, respectively.
The CLOs and SASB are considered VIEs, for which we are deemed the primary beneficiary. We therefore consolidate the CLOs and SASB. Refer to Note 15 for further discussion.
Maturities
Our credit facilities generally require principal to be paid down prior to the facilities’ respective maturities if and when we receive principal payments on, or sell, the investment collateral that we have pledged. The following table sets forth our principal repayments schedule for secured financings based on the earlier of (i) the extended contractual maturity of each credit facility or (ii) the extended contractual maturity of each of the investments that have been pledged as collateral under the respective credit facility (amounts in thousands):
Repurchase
Agreements
Other Secured
Financing
CLOs and SASB (a)Total
2023 (remainder of)$284,742 $6,137 $212,438 $503,317 
20242,025,069 628,757 301,307 2,955,133 
20252,073,125 291,132 1,015,613 3,379,870 
20262,146,190 871,513 1,679,387 4,697,090 
20273,283,708 1,426,009 123,920 4,833,637 
Thereafter420,248 187,300 195,317 802,865 
Total$10,233,082 $3,410,848 $3,527,982 $17,171,912 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(a)For the CLOs, the above does not assume utilization of their reinvestment features. The SASB does not have a reinvestment feature.
Unsecured Senior Notes
The following table is a summary of our unsecured senior notes outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
Coupon
Rate
Effective
Rate (1)
Maturity
Date
Remaining
Period of
Amortization
Carrying Value at
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
2023 Convertible Notes4.38 %4.57 %4/1/20230.0 years— 250,000 
2027 Convertible Notes6.75 %7.48 %7/15/20273.8 years380,750 — 
2023 Senior Notes5.50 %5.71 %11/1/20230.1 years300,000 300,000 
2024 Senior Notes3.75 %3.94 %12/31/20241.3 years400,000 400,000 
2025 Senior Notes4.75 %(2)5.04 %3/15/20251.5 years500,000 500,000 
2026 Senior Notes3.63 %3.77 %7/15/20262.8 years400,000 400,000 
2027 Senior Notes4.38 %(3)4.49 %1/15/20273.3 years500,000 500,000 
Total principal amount2,480,750 2,350,000 
Unamortized discount—Convertible Notes(9,085)(118)
Unamortized discount—Senior Notes(6,276)(9,051)
Unamortized deferred financing costs(8,806)(11,620)
Total carrying amount$2,456,583 $2,329,211 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Effective rate includes the effects of underwriter purchase discount.
(2)The coupon on the 2025 Senior Notes is 4.75%.  At closing, we swapped $470.0 million of the notes to a floating rate of LIBOR + 2.53%, which was converted to SOFR + 2.53% effective July 2023.
(3)The coupon on the 2027 Senior Notes is 4.375%.  At closing, we swapped the notes to a floating rate of SOFR + 2.95%.
Our unsecured senior notes contain certain financial tests and covenants. As of September 30, 2023, we were in compliance with all such covenants.
Convertible Notes
In July 2023, we issued $380.8 million of 6.750% Convertible Senior Notes due 2027 (the "2027 Convertible Notes") for net proceeds of $371.2 million. The notes mature on July 15, 2027.
In March 2017, we issued $250.0 million of 4.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (the “2023 Convertible Notes”). The entire $250.0 million principal balance of the 2023 Convertible Notes matured and was repaid in cash on April 1, 2023.
We recognized interest expense of $6.7 million and $9.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 from our Convertible Notes. We recognized interest expense of $2.9 million and $8.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 from our Convertible Notes.

The following table details the conversion attributes of our Convertible Notes outstanding as of September 30, 2023 (amounts in thousands, except rates):
September 30, 2023
ConversionConversion
Rate (1)Price (2)
2027 Convertible Notes48.1783$20.76 

(1)    The conversion rate represents the number of shares of common stock issuable per $1,000 principal amount of 2027
Convertible Notes converted, as adjusted in accordance with the indenture governing the 2027 Convertible Notes
(including the applicable supplemental indenture).

(2)    As of September 30, 2023, the market price of the Company's common stock was $19.35.
The if-converted value of the 2027 Convertible Notes was less than their principal amount by $25.8 million at September 30, 2023 as the closing market price of the Company’s common stock of $19.35 was less than the implicit conversion price of $20.76 per share. The if-converted value of the principal amount of the 2027 Convertible Notes was $355.0 million as of September 30, 2023. As of September 30, 2023, the net carrying amount and fair value of the 2027 Convertible Notes was $371.0 million and $359.7 million, respectively.

Upon conversion of the 2027 Convertible Notes, settlement may be made in common stock, cash, or a combination of both, at the option of the Company.

Conditions for Conversion

Prior to January 15, 2027, the 2027 Convertible Notes will be convertible only upon satisfaction of one or more of the following conditions: (1) the closing market price of the Company’s common stock is at least 110% of the conversion price of the 2027 Convertible Notes for at least 20 out of 30 trading days prior to the end of the preceding fiscal quarter, (2) the trading price of the 2027 Convertible Notes is less than 98% of the product of (i) the conversion rate and (ii) the closing price of the Company’s common stock during any five consecutive trading day period, (3) the Company issues certain equity instruments at less than the 10-day average closing market price of its common stock or the per-share value of certain distributions exceeds the market price of the Company’s common stock by more than 10% or (4) certain other specified corporate events (significant consolidation, sale, merger, share exchange, fundamental change, etc.) occur.

On or after January 15, 2027, holders of the 2027 Convertible Notes may convert each of their notes at the applicable conversion rate at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date.
v3.23.3
Unsecured Senior Notes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Debt Instruments [Abstract]  
Unsecured Senior Notes Secured Borrowings
Secured Financing Agreements
The following table is a summary of our secured financing agreements in place as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
Outstanding Balance at
Current
Maturity
   
Extended
Maturity (a)
   Weighted Average
Pricing
Pledged Asset
Carrying Value
Maximum
Facility Size
   September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Repurchase Agreements:
Commercial LoansOct 2023 to Jun 2028
(b)
Oct 2025 to Dec 2030
(b)
Index + 2.02%
(c)
$10,197,141 $12,039,568 
(d)
$6,768,758 $7,746,867 
Residential LoansDec 2023 to Sep 2025Mar 2024 to Sep 2025
SOFR + 1.97%
2,509,325 3,200,000 2,321,057 1,912,774 
Infrastructure LoansSep 2024Sep 2026
SOFR + 2.07%
397,130 650,000 333,119 290,431 
Conduit LoansDec 2023 to Jun 2026Dec 2024 to Jun 2027
SOFR + 2.07%
68,058 388,937 53,059 8,423 
CMBS/RMBSJun 2024 to Apr 2032
(e)
Sep 2024 to Oct 2032
(e)
(f)1,481,324 1,061,603 757,089 
(g)
840,625 
Total Repurchase Agreements14,652,978 17,340,108 10,233,082 10,799,120 
Other Secured Financing:
Borrowing Base FacilityNov 2024Oct 2026
SOFR + 2.11%
47,724 750,000 
(h)
3,920 — 
Commercial Financing FacilitiesDec 2023 to Aug 2028Jul 2025 to Dec 2030
Index + 2.16%
502,694 553,319 
(i)
355,962 311,825 
Residential Financing FacilityN/AN/A
N/A
— — — 244,418 
Infrastructure Financing FacilitiesJun 2025 to Oct 2025Jun 2027 to Jul 2032
Index + 2.14%
857,350 1,550,000 608,847 765,265 
Property Mortgages - Fixed rateOct 2025 to Oct 2027
(j)
N/A4.40%326,161 224,898 224,898 261,100 
Property Mortgages - Variable rateNov 2024 to Dec 2027N/A(k)965,870 849,328 846,946 847,633 
Term Loans and Revolver(l)N/A(l) N/A
(l)
1,520,275 1,370,275 1,380,766 
Total Other Secured Financing2,699,799 5,447,820 3,410,848 3,811,007 
$17,352,777 $22,787,928 13,643,930 14,610,127 
Unamortized net discount(26,039)(30,320)
Unamortized deferred financing costs(60,010)(78,275)
$13,557,881 $14,501,532 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(a)Subject to certain conditions as defined in the respective facility agreement.
(b)For certain facilities, borrowings collateralized by loans existing at maturity may remain outstanding until such loan collateral matures, subject to certain specified conditions.
(c)Certain facilities with an outstanding balance of $2.7 billion as of September 30, 2023 are indexed to EURIBOR, BBSY, SARON and SONIA. The remainder are indexed to SOFR.
(d)Certain facilities with an aggregate initial maximum facility size of $11.9 billion may be increased to $12.0 billion, subject to certain conditions. The $12.0 billion amount includes such upsizes.
(e)Certain facilities with an outstanding balance of $348.0 million as of September 30, 2023 carry a rolling 11-month or 12-month term which may reset monthly or quarterly with the lender’s consent. These facilities carry no maximum facility size.
(f)A facility with an outstanding balance of $259.5 million as of September 30, 2023 has a weighted average fixed annual interest rate of 3.27%. All other facilities are variable rate with a weighted average rate of SOFR + 2.21%.
(g)Includes: (i) $259.5 million outstanding on a repurchase facility that is not subject to margin calls; and (ii) $40.6 million outstanding on one of our repurchase facilities that represents the 49% pro rata share owed by a non-controlling partner in a consolidated joint venture (see Note 15).
(h)The maximum facility size as of September 30, 2023 of $450.0 million may be increased to $750.0 million, subject to certain conditions.
(i)Certain facilities with an aggregate initial maximum facility size of $453.3 million may be increased to $553.3 million, subject to certain conditions. The $553.3 million amount includes such upsizes.
(j)The weighted average maturity is 3.8 years as of September 30, 2023.
(k)Includes a $600.0 million first mortgage and mezzanine loan secured by our Medical Office Portfolio. This debt has a weighted average interest rate of SOFR + 2.07% that we swapped to a fixed rate of 3.34%. The remainder have a weighted average rate of SOFR + 3.36%.
(l)Consists of: (i) a $774.8 million term loan facility that matures in July 2026, of which $384.0 million has an annual interest rate of SOFR + 2.60% and $390.8 million has an annual interest rate of SOFR + 3.35%, subject to a 0.75% SOFR floor, (ii) a $150.0 million revolving credit facility that matures in April 2026 with an annual interest rate of SOFR + 2.60% and (iii) a $595.5 million term loan facility that matures in November 2027, with an annual interest rate of SOFR + 3.25%, subject to a 0.50% SOFR floor. These facilities are secured by the equity interests in certain of our subsidiaries which totaled $5.7 billion as of September 30, 2023.

The above table no longer reflects property mortgages of the Woodstar Portfolios which, as discussed in Notes 2 and 7, are now reflected within “Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund” on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we entered into Residential Loans facilities of $1.8 billion and amended or terminated several Residential Loans facilities, resulting in an aggregate net downsize of $337.9 million. The weighted average spread on the new facilities was 39 bps lower than the facilities that were repaid.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we entered into a commercial credit facility of $63.4 million. In addition, we amended several Commercial Loans facilities resulting in an aggregate upsize of $200.0 million.

In the normal course of business, the Company is in discussions with its lenders to extend, amend or replace any financing facilities which contain near term expirations.

Our secured financing agreements contain certain financial tests and covenants. As of September 30, 2023, we were in compliance with all such covenants.

We seek to mitigate risks associated with our repurchase agreements by managing risk related to the credit quality of our assets, interest rates, liquidity, prepayment speeds and market value. The margin call provisions under the majority of our repurchase facilities, consisting of 69% of these agreements, do not permit valuation adjustments based on capital market events and are limited to collateral-specific credit marks generally determined on a commercially reasonable basis. To monitor credit risk associated with the performance and value of our loans and investments, our asset management team regularly reviews our investment portfolios and is in regular contact with our borrowers, monitoring performance of the collateral and enforcing our rights as necessary. For the 31% of repurchase agreements which do permit valuation adjustments based on capital market events, approximately 7% of these pertain to our loans held-for-sale, for which we manage credit risk through the purchase of credit instruments. We further seek to manage risks associated with our repurchase agreements by matching the maturities and interest rate characteristics of our loans with the related repurchase agreement.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, approximately $10.3 million and $31.1 million, respectively, of amortization of deferred financing costs from secured financing agreements was included in interest expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, approximately $9.5 million and $28.3 million, respectively, of amortization of deferred financing costs from secured financing agreements was included in interest expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

As of September 30, 2023, Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A., Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., and Goldman Sachs Bank USA held collateral sold under certain of our repurchase agreements with carrying values that exceeded the respective repurchase obligations by $775.9 million, $733.0 million, and $702.9 million, respectively. The weighted average extended maturity of those repurchase agreements is 3.1 years, 7.0 years, and 3.5 years, respectively.
Collateralized Loan Obligations and Single Asset Securitization

Commercial and Residential Lending Segment

In February 2022, we refinanced a pool of our commercial loans held-for-investment through a CLO, STWD 2022-FL3. On the closing date, the CLO issued $1.0 billion of notes and preferred shares, of which $842.5 million of notes were purchased by third party investors. We retained $82.5 million of notes along with preferred shares with a liquidation preference of $75.0 million. The CLO contains a reinvestment feature that, subject to certain eligibility criteria, allows us to contribute new loans or participation interests in loans to the CLO for a period of two years. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we utilized the reinvestment feature, contributing $50.2 million of additional interests into the CLO.

In July 2021, we contributed into a single asset securitization, STWD 2021-HTS, a previously originated $230.0 million first mortgage and mezzanine loan on a portfolio of 41 extended stay hotels with $210.1 million of third party financing.

In May 2021, we refinanced a pool of our commercial loans held-for-investment through a CLO, STWD 2021-FL2. On the closing date, the CLO issued $1.3 billion of notes and preferred shares, of which $1.1 billion of notes were purchased by third party investors. We retained $70.1 million of notes, along with preferred shares with a liquidation preference of $127.5 million. The CLO contains a reinvestment feature that, subject to certain eligibility criteria, allows us to contribute new loans or participation interests in loans to the CLO in exchange for cash. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we utilized the reinvestment feature, contributing $93.7 million of additional interests into the CLO.

In August 2019, we refinanced a pool of our commercial loans held-for-investment through a CLO, STWD 2019-FL1. On the closing date, the CLO issued $1.1 billion of notes and preferred shares, of which $936.4 million of notes were purchased by third party investors. We retained $86.6 million of notes, along with preferred shares with a liquidation preference of $77.0 million. The CLO contains a reinvestment feature that, subject to certain eligibility criteria, allowed us to contribute new loans or participation interests in loans to the CLO in exchange for cash. The reinvestment period expired during 2022 and during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we repaid CLO debt in the amount of $161.2 million.

Infrastructure Lending Segment

In January 2022, we refinanced a pool of our infrastructure loans held-for-investment through a CLO, STWD 2021-SIF2. On the closing date, the CLO issued $500.0 million of notes and preferred shares, of which $410.0 million of notes were purchased by third party investors. We retained preferred shares with a liquidation preference of $90.0 million. The CLO contains a reinvestment feature that, subject to certain eligibility criteria, allows us to contribute new loans or participation interests in loans to the CLO for a period of three years. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we utilized the reinvestment feature, contributing $154.4 million of additional interests into the CLO.

In April 2021, we refinanced a pool of our infrastructure loans held-for-investment through a CLO, STWD 2021-SIF1. On the closing date, the CLO issued $500.0 million of notes and preferred shares, of which $410.0 million of notes were purchased by third party investors. We retained preferred shares with a liquidation preference of $90.0 million. The CLO contains a reinvestment feature that, subject to certain eligibility criteria, allows us to contribute new loans or participation interests in loans to the CLO for a period of three years. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we utilized the reinvestment feature, contributing $159.1 million of additional interests into the CLO.
The following table is a summary of our CLOs and our SASB as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
September 30, 2023CountFace
Amount
Carrying
Value
Weighted
Average Spread
Maturity
STWD 2022-FL3
Collateral assets50$999,998 $1,009,424 
SOFR + 3.53%
(a)April 2026(b)
Financing1842,500 840,414 
SOFR + 1.93%
(c)November 2038(d)
STWD 2021-HTS
Collateral assets1230,000 231,293 
SOFR + 3.87%
(a)April 2026(b)
Financing1210,091 209,639 
SOFR + 2.75%
(c)April 2034(d)
STWD 2021-FL2
Collateral assets361,275,042 1,288,073 
Index + 3.94%
(a)November 2025(b)
Financing11,077,375 1,074,437 
SOFR + 1.85%
(c)April 2038(d)
STWD 2019-FL1
Collateral assets14737,444 747,484 
Index + 3.49%
(a)April 2025(b)
Financing1578,016 578,016 
SOFR + 1.64%
(c)July 2038(d)
STWD 2021-SIF2
Collateral assets30498,888 513,296 
SOFR + 3.87%
(a)January 2028(b)
Financing1410,000 407,940 
SOFR + 2.11%
(c)January 2033(d)
STWD 2021-SIF1
Collateral assets31499,203 513,618 
SOFR + 3.98%
(a)August 2027(b)
Financing1410,000 407,828 
SOFR + 2.22%
(c)April 2032(d)
Total
Collateral assets$4,240,575 $4,303,188 
Financing$3,527,982 $3,518,274 
December 31, 2022CountFace
Amount
Carrying
Value
Weighted
Average Spread
Maturity
STWD 2022-FL3
Collateral assets51$1,000,000 $1,010,051 
Index + 3.52%
(a)February 2026(b)
Financing1842,500 842,374 
SOFR + 1.93%
(c)November 2038(d)
STWD 2021-HTS
Collateral assets1230,000 231,186 
LIBOR + 3.85%
(a)April 2026(b)
Financing1210,091 208,961 
LIBOR + 2.71%
(c)April 2034(d)
STWD 2021-FL2
Collateral assets361,277,474 1,284,240 
Index + 4.04%
(a)June 2025(b)
Financing11,077,375 1,072,403 
LIBOR + 1.80%
(c)April 2038(d)
STWD 2019-FL1
Collateral assets16902,799 906,409 
Index + 3.67%
(a)December 2024(b)
Financing1739,174 738,473 
SOFR + 1.64%
(c)July 2038(d)
STWD 2021-SIF2
Collateral assets31495,587 510,730 
Index + 3.73%
(a)February 2027(b)
Financing1410,000 407,260 
 SOFR + 2.11%
(c)January 2033(d)
STWD 2021-SIF1
Collateral assets31495,781 511,471 
Index + 3.76%
(a)November 2026(b)
Financing1410,000 406,753 
LIBOR + 2.15%
(c)April 2032(d)
Total
Collateral assets$4,401,641 $4,454,087 
Financing$3,689,140 $3,676,224 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(a)Represents the weighted-average coupon earned on variable rate loans during the respective year-to-date period. Of the loans financed by the STWD 2021-FL2 CLO as of September 30, 2023, 6% earned fixed-rate weighted average interest of 7.40%. Of the investments financed by the STWD 2021-SIF1 CLO as of September 30, 2023, 2% earned fixed-rate weighted average interest of 5.70%.
(b)Represents the weighted-average maturity, assuming the extended contractual maturity of the collateral assets.
(c)Represents the weighted-average cost of financing incurred during the respective year-to-date period, inclusive of deferred issuance costs.
(d)Repayments of the CLOs and SASB are tied to timing of the related collateral asset repayments. The term of the CLOs and SASB financing obligations represents the legal final maturity date.
We incurred $37.9 million of issuance costs in connection with the CLOs and SASB, which are amortized on an effective yield basis over the estimated life of the CLOs and SASB. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, approximately $2.0 million and $6.7 million, respectively, of amortization of deferred financing costs was included in interest expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, approximately $2.7 million and $7.8 million, respectively, of amortization of deferred financing costs was included in interest expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our unamortized issuance costs were $11.5 million and $18.2 million, respectively.
The CLOs and SASB are considered VIEs, for which we are deemed the primary beneficiary. We therefore consolidate the CLOs and SASB. Refer to Note 15 for further discussion.
Maturities
Our credit facilities generally require principal to be paid down prior to the facilities’ respective maturities if and when we receive principal payments on, or sell, the investment collateral that we have pledged. The following table sets forth our principal repayments schedule for secured financings based on the earlier of (i) the extended contractual maturity of each credit facility or (ii) the extended contractual maturity of each of the investments that have been pledged as collateral under the respective credit facility (amounts in thousands):
Repurchase
Agreements
Other Secured
Financing
CLOs and SASB (a)Total
2023 (remainder of)$284,742 $6,137 $212,438 $503,317 
20242,025,069 628,757 301,307 2,955,133 
20252,073,125 291,132 1,015,613 3,379,870 
20262,146,190 871,513 1,679,387 4,697,090 
20273,283,708 1,426,009 123,920 4,833,637 
Thereafter420,248 187,300 195,317 802,865 
Total$10,233,082 $3,410,848 $3,527,982 $17,171,912 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(a)For the CLOs, the above does not assume utilization of their reinvestment features. The SASB does not have a reinvestment feature.
Unsecured Senior Notes
The following table is a summary of our unsecured senior notes outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
Coupon
Rate
Effective
Rate (1)
Maturity
Date
Remaining
Period of
Amortization
Carrying Value at
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
2023 Convertible Notes4.38 %4.57 %4/1/20230.0 years— 250,000 
2027 Convertible Notes6.75 %7.48 %7/15/20273.8 years380,750 — 
2023 Senior Notes5.50 %5.71 %11/1/20230.1 years300,000 300,000 
2024 Senior Notes3.75 %3.94 %12/31/20241.3 years400,000 400,000 
2025 Senior Notes4.75 %(2)5.04 %3/15/20251.5 years500,000 500,000 
2026 Senior Notes3.63 %3.77 %7/15/20262.8 years400,000 400,000 
2027 Senior Notes4.38 %(3)4.49 %1/15/20273.3 years500,000 500,000 
Total principal amount2,480,750 2,350,000 
Unamortized discount—Convertible Notes(9,085)(118)
Unamortized discount—Senior Notes(6,276)(9,051)
Unamortized deferred financing costs(8,806)(11,620)
Total carrying amount$2,456,583 $2,329,211 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Effective rate includes the effects of underwriter purchase discount.
(2)The coupon on the 2025 Senior Notes is 4.75%.  At closing, we swapped $470.0 million of the notes to a floating rate of LIBOR + 2.53%, which was converted to SOFR + 2.53% effective July 2023.
(3)The coupon on the 2027 Senior Notes is 4.375%.  At closing, we swapped the notes to a floating rate of SOFR + 2.95%.
Our unsecured senior notes contain certain financial tests and covenants. As of September 30, 2023, we were in compliance with all such covenants.
Convertible Notes
In July 2023, we issued $380.8 million of 6.750% Convertible Senior Notes due 2027 (the "2027 Convertible Notes") for net proceeds of $371.2 million. The notes mature on July 15, 2027.
In March 2017, we issued $250.0 million of 4.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (the “2023 Convertible Notes”). The entire $250.0 million principal balance of the 2023 Convertible Notes matured and was repaid in cash on April 1, 2023.
We recognized interest expense of $6.7 million and $9.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 from our Convertible Notes. We recognized interest expense of $2.9 million and $8.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 from our Convertible Notes.

The following table details the conversion attributes of our Convertible Notes outstanding as of September 30, 2023 (amounts in thousands, except rates):
September 30, 2023
ConversionConversion
Rate (1)Price (2)
2027 Convertible Notes48.1783$20.76 

(1)    The conversion rate represents the number of shares of common stock issuable per $1,000 principal amount of 2027
Convertible Notes converted, as adjusted in accordance with the indenture governing the 2027 Convertible Notes
(including the applicable supplemental indenture).

(2)    As of September 30, 2023, the market price of the Company's common stock was $19.35.
The if-converted value of the 2027 Convertible Notes was less than their principal amount by $25.8 million at September 30, 2023 as the closing market price of the Company’s common stock of $19.35 was less than the implicit conversion price of $20.76 per share. The if-converted value of the principal amount of the 2027 Convertible Notes was $355.0 million as of September 30, 2023. As of September 30, 2023, the net carrying amount and fair value of the 2027 Convertible Notes was $371.0 million and $359.7 million, respectively.

Upon conversion of the 2027 Convertible Notes, settlement may be made in common stock, cash, or a combination of both, at the option of the Company.

Conditions for Conversion

Prior to January 15, 2027, the 2027 Convertible Notes will be convertible only upon satisfaction of one or more of the following conditions: (1) the closing market price of the Company’s common stock is at least 110% of the conversion price of the 2027 Convertible Notes for at least 20 out of 30 trading days prior to the end of the preceding fiscal quarter, (2) the trading price of the 2027 Convertible Notes is less than 98% of the product of (i) the conversion rate and (ii) the closing price of the Company’s common stock during any five consecutive trading day period, (3) the Company issues certain equity instruments at less than the 10-day average closing market price of its common stock or the per-share value of certain distributions exceeds the market price of the Company’s common stock by more than 10% or (4) certain other specified corporate events (significant consolidation, sale, merger, share exchange, fundamental change, etc.) occur.

On or after January 15, 2027, holders of the 2027 Convertible Notes may convert each of their notes at the applicable conversion rate at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date.
v3.23.3
Loan Securitization/Sale Activities
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Loan Securitization/Sale Activities  
Loan Securitization/Sale Activities Loan Securitization/Sale Activities
As described below, we regularly sell loans and notes under various strategies. We evaluate such sales as to whether they meet the criteria for treatment as a sale—legal isolation, ability of transferee to pledge or exchange the transferred assets without constraint and transfer of control.
Loan Securitizations
Within the Investing and Servicing Segment, we originate commercial mortgage loans with the intent to sell these mortgage loans to VIEs for the purposes of securitization. These VIEs then issue CMBS that are collateralized in part by these assets, as well as other assets transferred to the VIE by third parties. Within the Commercial and Residential Lending Segment, we acquire residential loans with the intent to sell these mortgage loans to VIEs for the purpose of securitization. These VIEs then issue RMBS that are collateralized by these assets.
In certain instances, we retain an interest in the CMBS or RMBS VIE and serve as special servicer or servicing administrator for the VIE. In these circumstances, we generally consolidate the VIE into which the loans were sold. The securitizations are subject to optional redemption after a certain period of time or when the pool balance falls below a specified threshold.
The following summarizes the face amount and proceeds of commercial and residential loans securitized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Commercial LoansResidential Loans
Face AmountProceedsFace AmountProceeds
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
2023$119,764 $123,633 $— $— 
202233,000 30,957 — — 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023$292,651 $294,951 $— $— 
20221,038,889 1,022,754 1,905,829 1,913,459 
The securitization of these commercial and residential loans does not result in a discrete gain or loss since they are carried under the fair value option.
Our securitizations have each been structured as bankruptcy-remote entities whose assets are not intended to be available to the creditors of any other party.
Commercial and Residential Loan Sales
Within the Commercial and Residential Lending Segment, we originate or acquire commercial mortgage loans, subsequently selling all or a portion thereof. Typically, our motivation for entering into these transactions is to effectively create leverage on the subordinated position that we will retain and hold for investment. We also may sell certain of our previously-acquired residential loans to third parties outside a securitization. The following table summarizes our loans sold by the Commercial and Residential Lending Segment, net of expenses (amounts in thousands):
Loan Transfers Accounted for as Sales
Commercial LoansResidential Loans
For the Three Months Ended September 30,Face amount (1)Proceeds (1)
Face Amount
Proceeds
2023$42,496 $42,370 $— $— 
202263,656 64,539 1,152 1,141 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023$95,496 $95,282 $— $— 
202270,636 71,008 1,057,013 1,056,683 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we sold $42.5 million and $95.5 million, respectively, of mezzanine loans at par less costs to sell. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we sold $63.7 million of whole loan interests for proceeds of $64.5 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we also sold $7.0 million of senior interests in first mortgage loans for proceeds of $6.5 million.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, there were no gains or losses recognized by the Commercial and Residential Lending Segment on sales of commercial loans. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, losses recognized by the Commercial and Residential Lending Segment on sales of commercial loans were $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively.
Infrastructure Loan Sales
There were no sales of loans by the Infrastructure Lending Segment during both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.
v3.23.3
Derivatives and Hedging Activity
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivatives and Hedging Activity Derivatives and Hedging Activity
Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives
We are exposed to certain risks arising from both our business operations and economic conditions. Refer to Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for further discussion of our risk management objectives and policies.
Designated Hedges
The Company does not generally elect to apply the hedge accounting designation to its hedging instruments. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any designated hedges.
Non-designated Hedges and Derivatives
We have entered into the following types of non-designated hedges and derivatives:
Foreign exchange (“Fx”) forwards whereby we agree to buy or sell a specified amount of foreign currency for a specified amount of USD at a future date, economically fixing the USD amounts of foreign denominated cash flows we expect to receive or pay related to certain foreign denominated loan investments;
Interest rate contracts which hedge a portion of our exposure to changes in interest rates;
Credit instruments which hedge a portion of our exposure to the credit risk of our commercial loans held-for-sale; and
Interest rate swap guarantees whereby we guarantee the interest rate swap obligations of certain Infrastructure Lending borrowers. Our interest rate swap guarantees were assumed in connection with the acquisition of the Infrastructure Lending Segment.
The following table summarizes our non-designated derivatives as of September 30, 2023 (notional amounts in thousands):

Type of DerivativeNumber of ContractsAggregate Notional AmountNotional CurrencyMaturity
Fx contracts – Buy Euros (“EUR”)1145,627 EUROctober 2023 - April 2026
Fx contracts – Buy Pounds Sterling (“GBP”)18122,142 GBPOctober 2023 - January 2027
Fx contracts – Buy Australian dollar (“AUD”)5379,571 AUDOctober 2024 - January 2026
Fx contracts – Sell EUR194824,687 EUROctober 2023 - February 2027
Fx contracts – Sell GBP205648,549 GBPOctober 2023 - April 2027
Fx contracts – Sell AUD1101,070,581 AUDOctober 2023 - October 2026
Fx contracts – Sell Swiss Franc (“CHF”)7320,891 CHFNovember 2023 - November 2025
Interest rate swaps – Paying fixed rates564,385,516 USDApril 2024 - September 2033
Interest rate swaps – Receiving fixed rates2970,000 USDMarch 2025 - January 2027
Interest rate caps4624,666 USDNovember 2023 - April 2025
Interest rate caps161,000 GBPApril 2024
Credit instruments349,000 USDSeptember 2058 - August 2061
Interest rate swap guarantees1102,331 USDJune 2025
Total683
The table below presents the fair value of our derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Fair Value of Derivatives
in an Asset Position (1) as of
Fair Value of Derivatives
in a Liability Position (2) as of
September 30,
2023
December 31, 2022
September 30,
2023
December 31, 2022
Interest rate contracts$12,070 $10,756 $69,756 $69,776 
Foreign exchange contracts119,908 97,289 15,901 21,628 
Credit instruments1,038 576 — — 
Total derivatives$133,016 $108,621 $85,657 $91,404 
___________________________________________________
(1)Classified as derivative assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)Classified as derivative liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The table below presents the effect of our derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):

Derivatives Not Designated
as Hedging Instruments
Location of Gain (Loss) 
Recognized in Income
Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income for the
Three Months Ended September 30,
Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income for the
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Interest rate contractsGain on derivative financial instruments, net$46,255 $78,508 $99,788 $218,698 
Interest rate swap guaranteesGain on derivative financial instruments, net— — — 260 
Foreign exchange contractsGain on derivative financial instruments, net48,549 127,358 18,412 242,042 
Credit instrumentsGain on derivative financial instruments, net79 204 231 921 
$94,883 $206,070 $118,431 $461,921 
v3.23.3
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Offsetting [Abstract]  
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities Offsetting Assets and Liabilities
The following tables present the potential effects of netting arrangements on our financial position for financial assets and liabilities within the scope of ASC 210-20, Balance Sheet—Offsetting, which for us are derivative assets and liabilities as well as repurchase agreement liabilities (amounts in thousands):
(ii)  
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial Position
(iii) = (i) - (ii)
Net Amounts
Presented in
the Statement of
Financial Position
(iv)
Gross Amounts Not
Offset in the Statement
of Financial Position
(i)
Gross Amounts
Recognized
Financial
Instruments
Cash Collateral
Received / Pledged
(v) = (iii) - (iv)
Net Amount
As of September 30, 2023
Derivative assets$133,016 $— $133,016 $82,124 $— $50,892 
Derivative liabilities$85,657 $— $85,657 $82,124 $3,533 $— 
Repurchase agreements10,233,082 — 10,233,082 10,233,082 — — 
$10,318,739 $— $10,318,739 $10,315,206 $3,533 $— 
As of December 31, 2022
Derivative assets$108,621 $— $108,621 $69,221 $— $39,400 
Derivative liabilities$91,404 $— $91,404 $69,221 $22,183 $— 
Repurchase agreements10,799,120 — 10,799,120 10,799,120 — — 
$10,890,524 $— $10,890,524 $10,868,341 $22,183 $— 
v3.23.3
Variable Interest Entities
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Variable Interest Entities  
Variable Interest Entities Variable Interest Entities
Investment Securities
As discussed in Note 2, we evaluate all of our investments and other interests in entities for consolidation, including our investments in CMBS, RMBS and our retained interests in securitization transactions we initiated, all of which are generally considered to be variable interests in VIEs.
Securitization VIEs consolidated in accordance with ASC 810 are structured as pass through entities that receive principal and interest on the underlying collateral and distribute those payments to the certificate holders. The assets and other instruments held by these securitization entities are restricted and can only be used to fulfill the obligations of the entity. Additionally, the obligations of the securitization entities do not have any recourse to the general credit of any other consolidated entities, nor to us as the primary beneficiary. The VIE liabilities initially represent investment securities on our balance sheet (pre-consolidation). Upon consolidation of these VIEs, our associated investment securities are eliminated, as is the interest income related to those securities. Similarly, the fees we earn in our roles as special servicer of the bonds issued by the consolidated VIEs or as collateral administrator of the consolidated VIEs are also eliminated. Finally, a portion of the identified servicing intangible associated with the eliminated fee streams is eliminated in consolidation.
VIEs in which we are the Primary Beneficiary
The inclusion of the assets and liabilities of securitization VIEs in which we are deemed the primary beneficiary has no economic effect on us. Our exposure to the obligations of securitization VIEs is generally limited to our investment in these entities. We are not obligated to provide, nor have we provided, any financial support for any of these consolidated structures.
As discussed in Note 10, we have refinanced various pools of our commercial and infrastructure loans held-for-investment through five CLOs and one SASB, which are considered to be VIEs. We are the primary beneficiary of, and therefore consolidate, the CLOs and SASB in our financial statements as we have both (i) the power to direct the activities in our role as collateral manager, collateral advisor, or controlling class representative that most significantly impact the CLOs’ and SASB's economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the CLOs and SASB that could be potentially significant through the subordinate interests we own.
The following table details the assets and liabilities of our consolidated CLOs and SASB as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$34,825 $31,611 
Loans held-for-investment4,223,445 4,365,791 
Investment securities10,487 36,466 
Accrued interest receivable25,894 20,088 
Other assets8,537 131 
Total Assets$4,303,188 $4,454,087 
Liabilities
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities$20,382 $17,737 
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net3,518,274 3,676,224 
Total Liabilities$3,538,656 $3,693,961 
Assets held by the CLOs and SASB are restricted and can be used only to settle obligations of the CLOs and SASB, including the subordinate interests owned by us. The liabilities of the CLOs and SASB are non-recourse to us and can only be satisfied from the assets of the CLOs and SASB.
We also hold controlling interests in other non-securitization entities that are considered VIEs. The Woodstar Fund, Woodstar Feeder Fund, L.P. and one of the Woodstar Fund’s indirect investees, SPT Dolphin Intermediate LLC (“SPT Dolphin”), the entity which holds the Woodstar II Portfolio, are each VIEs because the third party interest holders do not carry kick-out rights or substantive participating rights. We were deemed to be the primary beneficiary of those VIEs because we possess both the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact their economic performance and a significant economic interest in each entity. The Woodstar Fund had total assets of $2.0 billion, including its indirect
investment in SPT Dolphin, and no significant liabilities as of September 30, 2023. As of September 30, 2023, Woodstar Feeder Fund, L.P. and its consolidated subsidiary which is also considered a VIE, Woodstar Feeder REIT, LLC, had a $0.6 billion investment in the Woodstar Fund, had no significant liabilities and had temporary equity of $0.4 billion consisting of the contingently redeemable non-controlling interests of the third party investors (see Note 17).
We also hold a 51% controlling interest in a joint venture (the “CMBS JV”) within our Investing and Servicing Segment, which is considered a VIE because the third party interest holder does not carry kick-out rights or substantive participating rights. We are deemed the primary beneficiary of the CMBS JV. This VIE had total assets of $341.3 million and liabilities of $83.9 million as of September 30, 2023. Refer to Note 17 for further discussion.
In addition to the above non-securitization entities, we have smaller VIEs with total assets of $74.8 million and liabilities of $34.8 million as of September 30, 2023.
VIEs in which we are not the Primary Beneficiary
In certain instances, we hold a variable interest in a VIE in the form of CMBS, but either (i) we are not appointed, or do not serve as, special servicer or servicing administrator or (ii) an unrelated third party has the rights to unilaterally remove us as special servicer without cause. In these instances, we do not have the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance. In other cases, the variable interest we hold does not obligate us to absorb losses or provide us with the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could potentially be significant. For these structures, we are not deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and we do not consolidate these VIEs.
As noted above, we are not obligated to provide, nor have we provided, any financial support for any of our securitization VIEs, whether or not we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary. As such, the risk associated with our involvement in these VIEs is limited to the carrying value of our investment in the entity. As of September 30, 2023, our maximum risk of loss related to securitization VIEs in which we were not the primary beneficiary was $18.7 million on a fair value basis.
As of September 30, 2023, the securitization VIEs which we do not consolidate had debt obligations to beneficial interest holders with unpaid principal balances, excluding the notional value of interest-only securities, of $4.5 billion. The corresponding assets are comprised primarily of commercial mortgage loans with unpaid principal balances corresponding to the amounts of the outstanding debt obligations.
We also hold passive non-controlling interests in certain unconsolidated entities that are considered VIEs. We are not the primary beneficiaries of these VIEs as we do not possess the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact their economic performance and therefore report our interests, which totaled $0.9 million as of September 30, 2023, within investments in unconsolidated entities on our consolidated balance sheet. Our maximum risk of loss is limited to our carrying value of the investments.
v3.23.3
Related-Party Transactions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related-Party Transactions Related-Party Transactions
Management Agreement
We are party to a management agreement (the “Management Agreement”) with our Manager. Under the Management Agreement, our Manager, subject to the oversight of our board of directors, is required to manage our day to day activities, for which our Manager receives a base management fee and is eligible for an incentive fee and stock awards. Our Manager’s personnel perform certain due diligence, legal, management and other services that outside professionals or consultants would otherwise perform. As such, in accordance with the terms of our Management Agreement, our Manager is paid or reimbursed for the documented costs of performing such tasks, provided that such costs and reimbursements are in amounts no greater than those which would be payable to outside professionals or consultants engaged to perform such services pursuant to agreements negotiated on an arm’s-length basis. Refer to Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for further discussion of this agreement.
Base Management Fee. For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, approximately $21.8 million and $21.7 million, respectively, was incurred for base management fees. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, approximately $65.5 million and $64.9 million, respectively, was incurred for base management fees. As of both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were $21.8 million of unpaid base management fees included in related-party payable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Incentive Fee. There were no incentive fees incurred during the three months ended September 30, 2023. For the three months ended September 30, 2022, $0.9 million was incurred for incentive fees. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, approximately $16.2 million and $35.1 million, respectively, was incurred for incentive fees. As of December 31, 2022, there were $14.5 million of unpaid incentive fees included in related-party payable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. There were no unpaid incentive fees as of September 30, 2023.
Expense Reimbursement. For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, approximately $2.4 million and $2.8 million, respectively, was incurred for executive compensation and other reimbursable expenses and recognized within general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, approximately $6.0 million and $6.4 million, respectively, was incurred for executive compensation and other reimbursable expenses and recognized within general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were $2.5 million and $4.9 million, respectively, of unpaid reimbursable executive compensation and other expenses included in related-party payable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Equity Awards. In certain instances, we issue RSAs to certain employees of affiliates of our Manager who perform services for us. There were no RSAs granted during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. Expenses related to the vesting of awards to employees of affiliates of our Manager were $2.2 million and $1.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and are reflected in general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we granted 226,955 and 200,972 RSAs, respectively, at grant date fair values of $4.3 million and $4.8 million, respectively. Expenses related to the vesting of awards to employees of affiliates of our Manager were $6.5 million and $6.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These shares generally vest over a three-year period. Compensation expense related to the ESPP (refer to Note 17) for employees of affiliates of our Manager were not material during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and are reflected in general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Manager Equity Plan
In April 2022, the Company’s shareholders approved the Starwood Property Trust, Inc. 2022 Manager Equity Plan (the “2022 Manager Equity Plan”) which replaces the Starwood Property Trust, Inc. 2017 Manager Equity Plan (the “2017 Manager Equity Plan”). In November 2022, we granted 1,500,000 RSUs to our Manager under the 2022 Manager Equity Plan. In November 2020, we granted 1,800,000 RSUs to our Manager under the 2017 Manager Equity Plan. In September 2019, we granted 1,200,000 RSUs to our Manager under the 2017 Manager Equity Plan. In connection with these grants and prior similar grants, we recognized share-based compensation expense of $5.1 million and $4.5 million within management fees in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recognized $15.4 million and $13.5 million, respectively, related to these awards. Refer to Note 17 for further discussion.
Investments in Loans and Securities
In March 2022, we originated a new loan on the development and recapitalization of luxury rental cabins with a total commitment of $200.0 million, of which $148.6 million was outstanding as of September 30, 2023. The loan bears interest at SOFR + 6.50% plus fees and has a term of 24 months with three one-year extension options. Certain members of our executive team and board of directors own equity interests in the borrower. In July 2023, we agreed to a 10-month 300 bps interest payment deferral, which during the three months ended September 30, 2023 amounted to $1.1 million.
In August 2023, the Company received a $29.4 million final repayment on a $339.2 million first mortgage and mezzanine loan that was originated in August 2017 related to an office campus located in Irvine, California. An affiliate of our Manager has a non-controlling equity interest in the borrower.
In December 2012, the Company acquired 9,140,000 ordinary shares in SEREF, a debt fund that is externally managed by an affiliate of our Manager and is listed on the London Stock Exchange, for approximately $14.7 million, which equated to approximately 4% ownership of SEREF. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, 672,166 and 895,182 shares were redeemed by SEREF, for proceeds of $0.9 million and $1.2 million, respectively, leaving 8,244,818 held as of September 30, 2023. As of September 30, 2023, our shares represent an approximate 2% interest in SEREF. Refer to Note 5 for additional details.
Lease Arrangements
In March 2020, we entered into an office lease agreement with an entity which is controlled by our Chairman and CEO through majority equity ownership of the entity. The leased premises serve as our new Miami Beach office following the expiration of our former lease in Miami Beach. The lease, as amended in September 2022, is for 64,424 square feet of office space, commenced July 1, 2022 and has an initial term of 15 years from the monthly lease payment commencement date of November 1, 2022. The lease payments are based on an annual base rate of $52.00 per square foot that increases by 3% each anniversary following commencement, plus our pro rata share of building operating expenses. Prior to the execution of this lease, we engaged an independent third party leasing firm and external counsel to advise the independent directors of our board of directors on market terms for the lease.  The terms of the lease and subsequent amendment were approved by our independent directors. In April 2020, we provided a $1.9 million cash security deposit to the landlord. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we made payments to the landlord under the terms of the lease of $1.1 million and $4.0 million, respectively, for rent, parking and our pro rata share of building operating expenses. During three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we also paid $0.5 million and $0.8 million, respectively, for reimbursements relating to tenant improvements. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized $2.1 million and $5.4 million, respectively, of expenses with respect to this lease within general and administrative expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we paid $1.0 million and $2.9 million, respectively, for reimbursements relating to tenant improvements. During both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized $1.0 million of expenses with respect to this lease within general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations.
Other Related-Party Arrangements
Highmark Residential (“Highmark”), an affiliate of our Manager, provides property management services for properties within our Woodstar I and Woodstar II Portfolios. Fees paid to Highmark are calculated as a percentage of gross receipts and are at market terms. During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, property management fees to Highmark of $1.5 million and $1.4 million, respectively, were recognized within our Woodstar Portfolios. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, property management fees to Highmark were $4.4 million and $4.1 million, respectively.

Refer to Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for further discussion of related-party agreements.
v3.23.3
Stockholders' Equity and Non-Controlling Interests
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Stockholders' Equity and Non-Controlling Interests Stockholders’ Equity and Non-Controlling Interests
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, our board of directors declared the following dividends:

Declaration DateRecord DateEx-Dividend DatePayment DateAmountFrequency
9/15/239/30/239/29/2310/16/23$0.48 Quarterly
6/15/236/30/236/29/237/17/230.48 Quarterly
3/16/233/31/233/30/234/14/230.48 Quarterly
ATM Agreement
In May 2022, we entered into a Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Common Stock Sales Agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with a syndicate of financial institutions to sell shares of the Company’s common stock of up to $500.0 million from time to time, through an “at the market” equity offering program. Sales of shares under the ATM Agreement are made by means of ordinary brokers’ transactions on the New York Stock Exchange or otherwise at market prices prevailing at the time of sale or at negotiated prices. The ATM Agreement replaces a similar agreement previously entered into in May 2014 with a financial institution. There were no shares issued under the ATM Agreement during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we issued 1,415,564 shares of common stock under the ATM Agreement for gross proceeds of $33.3 million at an average share price of $23.54 and paid related commission costs of $0.7 million.
Dividend Reinvestment and Direct Stock Purchase Plan
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, shares issued under the Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Dividend Reinvestment and Direct Stock Purchase Plan (the “DRIP Plan”) were not material.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In April 2022, the Company’s shareholders approved the ESPP which allows eligible employees to purchase common stock of the Company at a discounted purchase price. The discounted purchase price of a share of the Company's common stock is 85% of the fair market value (closing market price) at the lower of the beginning or the end of the quarterly offering period. Participants may purchase shares not exceeding an aggregate fair market value of $25,000 in any calendar year. The maximum aggregate number of shares subject to issuance in accordance with the ESPP is 2,000,000 shares.
During the three months ended September 30, 2023, 21,088 shares of common stock were purchased by participants at a weighted average discounted purchase price of $16.51. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, 110,112 shares of common stock were purchased by participants at a weighted average discounted purchase price of $15.17 per share. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, 34,625 shares of common stock were purchased by participants at a weighted average discounted purchase price of $18.04 per share. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of compensation expense related to its ESPP based on the estimated fair value of the discounted purchase options granted to the participants as of the beginning of the quarterly offering period determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized $0.1 million of compensation expense related to its ESPP.
As of September 30, 2023, there were 1.8 million shares of common stock available for future issuance through the ESPP.

Equity Incentive Plans
In April 2022, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2022 Manager Equity Plan and the Starwood Property Trust, Inc. 2022 Equity Plan (the “2022 Equity Plan”), which allow for the issuance of up to 18,700,000 stock options, stock appreciation rights, RSAs, RSUs or other equity-based awards or any combination thereof to the Manager, directors, employees, consultants or any other party providing services to the Company. The 2022 Manager Equity Plan succeeds and replaces the 2017 Manager Equity Plan and the 2022 Equity Plan succeeds and replaces the Starwood Property Trust, Inc. 2017 Equity Plan (the “2017 Equity Plan”).
The table below summarizes our share awards granted or vested under the 2017 and 2022 Manager Equity Plans during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):
Grant DateTypeAmount GrantedGrant Date Fair ValueVesting Period
November 2022RSU1,500,000 $31,605 3 years
November 2020RSU1,800,000 $30,078 3 years
September 2019RSU1,200,000 29,484 (1)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Of the amount granted, 218,898 vested immediately on the grant date and the remaining amount vests over a three-year period.
Schedule of Non-Vested Shares and Share Equivalents (1)

Equity Plan

Manager
Equity Plan
TotalWeighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value (per share)
Balance as of January 1, 2023
2,513,847 1,825,000 4,338,847 $20.65 
Granted914,694 — 914,694 18.93 
Vested(687,743)(825,000)(1,512,743)18.35 
Forfeited(169,070)— (169,070)22.76 
Balance as of September 30, 20232,571,728 1,000,000 3,571,728 21.08 
(1)    Equity-based award activity for awards granted under the 2017 and 2022 Equity Plans is reflected within the Equity Plan column, and for awards granted under the 2017 and 2022 Manager Equity Plans, within the Manager Equity Plan column.
As of September 30, 2023, there were 16.5 million shares of common stock available for future grants under the 2022 Manager Equity Plan and the 2022 Equity Plan.
Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Subsidiaries
As discussed in Note 2, on November 5, 2021 we sold a 20.6% non-controlling interest in the Woodstar Fund to third party investors for net cash proceeds of $214.2 million. Under the Woodstar Fund operating agreement, such interests are contingently redeemable by us, at the option of the interest holder, for cash at liquidation fair value if any assets remain upon termination of the Woodstar Fund. The Woodstar Fund operating agreement specifies an eight-year term with two one-year extension options, the first at our option and the second subject to consent of an advisory committee representing the non-controlling interest holders. Accordingly, these contingently redeemable non-controlling interests have been classified as “Temporary Equity” in our condensed consolidated balance sheets and represent the fair value of the Woodstar Fund’s net assets allocable to those interests. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, net income attributable to these non-controlling interests was $3.1 million and $51.1 million, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, net income attributable to these non-controlling interests was $23.8 million and $134.3 million, respectively.
In connection with our Woodstar II Portfolio acquisitions, we issued 10.2 million Class A Units in our subsidiary, SPT Dolphin, and rights to receive an additional 1.9 million Class A Units if certain contingent events occur. As of September 30, 2023, all of the 1.9 million contingent Class A Units were issued. The Class A Units are redeemable for consideration equal to the current share price of the Company’s common stock on a one-for-one basis, with the consideration paid in either cash or the Company’s common stock, at the determination of the Company. There were 9.8 million Class A Units outstanding as of September 30, 2023. The outstanding Class A Units are reflected as non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries on our consolidated balance sheets, the balance of which was $208.5 million as of both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
To the extent SPT Dolphin has sufficient cash available, the Class A Units earn a preferred return indexed to the dividend rate of the Company’s common stock. Any distributions made pursuant to this waterfall are recognized within net income attributable to non-controlling interests in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized net income attributable to non-controlling interests of $4.7 million and $14.1 million, respectively, associated with these Class A Units, the same as recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.
As discussed in Note 15, we hold a 51% controlling interest in the CMBS JV within our Investing and Servicing Segment. Because the CMBS JV is deemed a VIE for which we are the primary beneficiary, the 49% interest of our joint venture partner is reflected as a non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, and any net income attributable to this 49% joint venture interest is reflected within net income attributable to non-controlling interests in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. The non-controlling interests in the CMBS JV were $135.6 million and $144.3 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, net (loss) attributable to these non-controlling interests was $(4.5) million and $(1.6) million, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, net (loss) income attributable to these non-controlling interests was $(0.4) million and $4.5 million, respectively.
v3.23.3
Earnings per Share
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings per Share Earnings per Share
The following table provides a reconciliation of net income and the number of shares of common stock used in the computation of basic EPS and diluted EPS (amounts in thousands, except per share amounts):
For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2023202220232022
Basic Earnings
Income attributable to STWD common stockholders$47,435 $194,562 $268,252 $731,448 
Less: Income attributable to participating shares not already deducted as non-controlling interests(1,510)(2,929)(4,962)(15,673)
Basic earnings$45,925 $191,633 $263,290 $715,775 
Diluted Earnings
Income attributable to STWD common stockholders$47,435 $194,562 $268,252 $731,448 
Less: Income attributable to participating shares not already deducted as non-controlling interests(1,510)(2,929)(4,962)(15,673)
Add: Interest expense on Convertible Notes*2,906 *8,724 
Add: Undistributed earnings to participating shares— 1,818 — 11,629 
Less: Undistributed earnings reallocated to participating shares— (1,763)— (11,280)
Diluted earnings$45,925 $194,594 $263,290 $724,848 
Number of Shares:
Basic — Average shares outstanding310,268 306,704 309,471 304,908 
Effect of dilutive securities — Convertible Notes*9,649 *9,649 
Effect of dilutive securities — Contingently issuable shares— 23 — 23 
Effect of dilutive securities — Unvested non-participating shares298 199 267 161 
Diluted — Average shares outstanding310,566 316,575 309,738 314,741 
Earnings Per Share Attributable to STWD Common Stockholders:
Basic$0.15 $0.62 $0.85 $2.35 
Diluted$0.15 $0.61 $0.85 $2.30 
___________________________________________________
*    Our Convertible Notes were not dilutive for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.
As of September 30, 2023 and 2022, participating shares of 12.9 million and 12.4 million, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted shares as their effect was already considered under the more dilutive two-class method used above. Such participating shares at both September 30, 2023 and 2022 included 9.8 million potential shares of our common stock issuable upon redemption of the Class A Units in SPT Dolphin, as discussed in Note 17.
v3.23.3
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent [Abstract]  
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The changes in AOCI by component are as follows (amounts in thousands):
Cumulative
Unrealized Gain
(Loss) on
Available-for-
Sale Securities
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Balance at July 1, 2023$17,355 
OCI before reclassifications(3,286)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI45 
Net period OCI(3,241)
Balance at September 30, 2023$14,114 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance at July 1, 2022$28,970 
OCI before reclassifications(6,194)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI— 
Net period OCI(6,194)
Balance at September 30, 2022$22,776 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Balance at January 1, 2023$20,955 
OCI before reclassifications(6,886)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI45 
Net period OCI(6,841)
Balance at September 30, 2023$14,114 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance at January 1, 2022$40,953 
OCI before reclassifications(18,177)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI— 
Net period OCI(18,177)
Balance at September 30, 2022$22,776 
v3.23.3
Fair Value
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Fair Value
GAAP establishes a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on the observability of inputs utilized in measuring financial assets and liabilities at fair value. GAAP establishes market-based or observable inputs as the preferred source of values, followed by valuation models using management assumptions in the absence of market inputs. The three levels of the hierarchy are described below:
Level I—Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.
Level II—Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level I) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.
Level III—Inputs reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.
Valuation Process
We have valuation control processes in place to validate the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value including those derived from pricing models. These control processes are designed to assure that the values used for financial reporting are based on observable inputs wherever possible. In the event that observable inputs are not available, the control processes are designed to assure that the valuation approach utilized is appropriate and consistently applied and the assumptions are reasonable.
Pricing Verification—We use recently executed transactions, other observable market data such as exchange data, broker/dealer quotes, third party pricing vendors and aggregation services for validating the fair values generated using valuation models. Pricing data provided by approved external sources is evaluated using a number of approaches; for example, by corroborating the external sources’ prices to executed trades, analyzing the methodology and assumptions used by the external source to generate a price and/or by evaluating how active the third party pricing source (or originating sources used by the third party pricing source) is in the market.
Unobservable Inputs—Where inputs are not observable, we review the appropriateness of the proposed valuation methodology to ensure it is consistent with how a market participant would arrive at the unobservable input. The valuation methodologies utilized in the absence of observable inputs may include extrapolation techniques and the use of comparable observable inputs.
Any changes to the valuation methodology will be reviewed by our management to ensure the changes are appropriate. The methods used may produce a fair value calculation that is not indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while we anticipate that our valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies, or assumptions, to determine the fair value could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.
Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
We determine the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as follows:
Loans held-for-sale, commercial
We measure the fair value of our commercial mortgage loans held-for-sale using a discounted cash flow analysis unless observable market data (i.e., securitized pricing) is available. A discounted cash flow analysis requires management to make estimates regarding future interest rates and credit spreads. The most significant of these inputs relates to credit spreads and is unobservable. Thus, we have determined that the fair values of mortgage loans valued using a discounted cash flow analysis should be classified in Level III of the fair value hierarchy, while mortgage loans valued using securitized pricing should be classified in Level II of the fair value hierarchy. Mortgage loans classified in Level III are transferred to Level II if securitized pricing becomes available.
Loans held-for-sale, residential
We measure the fair value of our residential loans held-for-sale based on the net present value of expected future cash flows using a combination of observable and unobservable inputs. Observable market participant assumptions include pricing related to trades of residential loans with similar characteristics. Unobservable inputs include the expectation of future cash flows, which involves judgments about the underlying collateral, the creditworthiness of the borrower, estimated prepayment speeds, estimated future credit losses, forward interest rates, investor yield requirements and certain other factors. At each measurement date, we consider both the observable and unobservable valuation inputs in the determination of fair value. However, given the significance of the unobservable inputs, these loans have been classified within Level III.
RMBS
RMBS are valued utilizing observable and unobservable market inputs. The observable market inputs include recent transactions, broker quotes and vendor prices (“market data”). However, given the implied price dispersion amongst the market data, the fair value determination for RMBS has also utilized significant unobservable inputs in discounted cash flow models including prepayments, default and severity estimates based on the recent performance of the collateral, the underlying collateral characteristics, industry trends, as well as expectations of macroeconomic events (e.g., housing price curves, interest rate curves, etc.). At each measurement date, we consider both the observable and unobservable valuation inputs in the determination of fair value. However, given the significance of the unobservable inputs these securities have been classified within Level III.
CMBS
CMBS are valued utilizing both observable and unobservable market inputs. These factors include projected future cash flows, ratings, subordination levels, vintage, remaining lives, credit issues, recent trades of similar securities and the spreads used in the prior valuation. We obtain current market spread information where available and use this information in evaluating and validating the market price of all CMBS. Depending upon the significance of the fair value inputs used in determining these fair values, these securities are classified in either Level II or Level III of the fair value hierarchy. CMBS may shift between Level II and Level III of the fair value hierarchy if the significant fair value inputs used to price the CMBS become or cease to be observable.
Equity security
The equity security is publicly registered and traded in the U.S. and its market price is listed on the London Stock Exchange. The security has been classified within Level I.
Woodstar Fund Investments
The fair value of investments held by the Woodstar Fund is determined based on observable and unobservable market inputs. The initial fair value of the Woodstar Fund’s investments at its November 5, 2021 establishment date was determined by reference to the purchase price paid by third party investors, which was consistent with both a recent external appraisal as well as our extensive marketing efforts to sell interests in the Woodstar Fund, plus working capital. The fair value of the Woodstar Fund’s investments as of December 31, 2022 was determined by reference to an external appraisal as of that date.

For the properties, the third party appraisals applied the income capitalization approach with corroborative support from the sales comparison approach. The cost approach was not employed, as it is typically not emphasized by potential investors in the multifamily affordable housing sector. The income capitalization approach estimates an income stream for a property over a 10-year period and discounts this income plus a reversion (presumed sale) into a present value at a risk adjusted discount rate. Terminal capitalization rates and discount rates utilized in this approach are derived from market transactions as well as other financial and industry data.

For secured financing, the third party appraisal discounted the contractual cash flows at the interest rate at which such arrangements would bear if executed in the current market. The fair value of investment level working capital is assumed to approximate carrying value due to its primarily short-term monetary nature. The fair value of interest rate derivatives is determined using the methodology described in the Derivatives discussion below.

Internal valuations at interim quarter ends, including September 30, 2023, are prepared by management. The valuation of properties is based on a direct income capitalization approach, whereby a direct capitalization market rate is applied to annualized in-place net operating income at the portfolio level. The direct capitalization rate is initially calibrated to the
implied rate from the latest appraisal and adjusted for subsequent changes in current market capitalization rates for sales of comparable multifamily properties. The valuations of secured financing agreements, working capital and interest rate derivatives are consistent with the methodologies described in the paragraph above.

Given the significance of the unobservable inputs used in the respective valuations, the Woodstar Fund’s investments have been classified within Level III of the fair value hierarchy.
Domestic servicing rights
The fair value of this intangible is determined using discounted cash flow modeling techniques which require management to make estimates regarding future net servicing cash flows, including forecasted loan defeasance, control migration, delinquency and anticipated maturity defaults which are calculated assuming a debt yield at which default occurs. Since the most significant of these inputs are unobservable, we have determined that the fair values of this intangible in its entirety should be classified in Level III of the fair value hierarchy.
Derivatives
The valuation of derivative contracts are determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market based inputs, including interest rate curves, spot and market forward points and implied volatilities. The fair values of interest rate swaps are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves.
We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own non-performance risk and the respective counterparty’s non-performance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative contracts for the effect of non-performance risk, we have considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees.
The valuation of over the counter derivatives are determined using discounted cash flows based on Overnight Index Swap (“OIS”) rates. Fully collateralized trades are discounted using OIS with no additional economic adjustments to arrive at fair value. Uncollateralized or partially collateralized trades are also discounted at OIS, but include appropriate economic adjustments for funding costs (i.e., a LIBOR or SOFR OIS basis adjustment to approximate uncollateralized cost of funds) and credit risk. For credit instruments, fair value is determined based on changes in the relevant indices from the date of initiation of the instrument to the reporting date, as these changes determine the amount of any future cash settlement between us and the counterparty. These indices are considered Level II inputs as they are directly observable.
Although we have determined that the majority of the inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level II of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our derivatives utilize Level III inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by us and our counterparties. However, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we have assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of our derivative positions and have determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of our derivatives. As a result, we have determined that our derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level II of the fair value hierarchy.
Liabilities of consolidated VIEs
Our consolidated VIE liabilities generally represent bonds that are not owned by us. The majority of these are either traded in the marketplace or can be analogized to similar securities that are traded in the marketplace. For these liabilities, pricing is considered to be Level II, where the valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments traded in active markets. We generally utilize third party pricing service providers for valuing these liabilities. In order to determine whether to utilize the valuations provided by third parties, we conduct an ongoing evaluation of their valuation methodologies and processes, as well as a review of the individual valuations themselves. In evaluating third party pricing for reasonableness, we consider a variety of factors, including market transaction information for the particular bond, market transaction information for bonds within the same trust, market transaction information for similar bonds, the bond’s ratings and the bond’s subordination levels.
For the minority portion of our consolidated VIE liabilities which consist of unrated or non-investment grade bonds that are not owned by us, pricing may be either Level II or Level III. If independent third party pricing similar to that noted above is available, we consider the valuation to be Level II. If such third party pricing is not available, the valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant unobservable assumptions, and we consider the valuation to be Level III. For VIE liabilities classified as Level III, valuation is determined based on discounted expected future cash flows which take into consideration expected duration and yields based on market transaction information, ratings, subordination levels, vintage and current market spread. VIE liabilities may shift between Level II and Level III of the fair value hierarchy if the significant fair value inputs used to price the VIE liabilities become or cease to be observable.
Assets of consolidated VIEs
The securitization VIEs in which we invest are “static”; that is, no reinvestment is permitted, and there is no active management of the underlying assets. In determining the fair value of the assets of the VIE, we maximize the use of observable inputs over unobservable inputs. The individual assets of a VIE are inherently incapable of precise measurement given their illiquid nature and the limitations on available information related to these assets. Because our methodology for valuing these assets does not value the individual assets of a VIE, but rather uses the value of the VIE liabilities as an indicator of the fair value of VIE assets as a whole, we have determined that our valuations of VIE assets in their entirety should be classified in Level III of the fair value hierarchy.
Fair Value Only Disclosed
We determine the fair value of our financial instruments and assets where fair value is disclosed as follows:
Loans held-for-investment
We estimate the fair values of our loans not carried at fair value on a recurring basis by discounting their expected cash flows at a rate we estimate would be demanded by the market participants that are most likely to buy our loans. The expected cash flows used are generally the same as those used to calculate our level yield income in the financial statements. Since these inputs are unobservable, we have determined that the fair value of these loans in their entirety would be classified in Level III of the fair value hierarchy.
HTM debt securities
We estimate the fair value of our mandatorily redeemable preferred equity interests in commercial real estate companies and infrastructure bonds using the same methodology described for our loans held-for-investment. We estimate the fair value of our HTM CMBS using the same methodology described for our CMBS carried at fair value on a recurring basis.
Secured financing agreements, CLOs and SASB
The fair value of the secured financing agreements, CLOs and SASB are determined by discounting the contractual cash flows at the interest rate we estimate such arrangements would bear if executed in the current market. We have determined that our valuation of these instruments should be classified in Level III of the fair value hierarchy.
Unsecured senior notes
The fair value of our unsecured senior notes is determined based on the last available bid price for the respective notes in the current market. As these prices represent observable market data, we have determined that the fair value of these instruments would be classified in Level II of the fair value hierarchy.
Fair Value Disclosures
The following tables present our financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis in the consolidated balance sheets by their level in the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
September 30, 2023
TotalLevel ILevel IILevel III
Financial Assets:
Loans under fair value option$2,602,265 $— $— $2,602,265 
RMBS102,076 — — 102,076 
CMBS18,740 — — 18,740 
Equity security8,829 8,829 — — 
Woodstar Fund investments1,979,184 — — 1,979,184 
Domestic servicing rights18,188 — — 18,188 
Derivative assets133,016 — 133,016 — 
VIE assets44,668,904 — — 44,668,904 
Total$49,531,202 $8,829 $133,016 $49,389,357 
Financial Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities$85,657 $— $85,657 $— 
VIE liabilities42,997,104 — 37,628,700 5,368,404 
Total$43,082,761 $— $37,714,357 $5,368,404 

December 31, 2022
TotalLevel ILevel IILevel III
Financial Assets:
Loans under fair value option$2,784,594 $— $— $2,784,594 
RMBS113,386 — — 113,386 
CMBS19,108 — — 19,108 
Equity security9,840 9,840 — — 
Woodstar Fund investments1,761,002 — — 1,761,002 
Domestic servicing rights17,790 — — 17,790 
Derivative assets108,621 — 108,621 — 
VIE assets52,453,041 — — 52,453,041 
Total$57,267,382 $9,840 $108,621 $57,148,921 
Financial Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities$91,404 $— $91,404 $— 
VIE liabilities50,754,355 — 45,248,412 5,505,943 
Total$50,845,759 $— $45,339,816 $5,505,943 
The changes in financial assets and liabilities classified as Level III are as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Loans at
Fair Value
RMBSCMBSWoodstar
Fund Investments
Domestic
Servicing
Rights
VIE AssetsVIE
Liabilities
Total
July 1, 2023 balance
$2,673,220 $107,216 $18,603 $1,976,985 $18,256 $46,864,870 $(5,891,459)$45,767,691 
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings:
Change in fair value / gain on sale(66,806)— 241 2,199 (68)(2,195,966)157,469 (2,102,931)
Net accretion— 1,170 — — — — — 1,170 
Included in OCI— (3,241)— — — — — (3,241)
Purchases / Originations113,237 — — — — — — 113,237 
Sales(63,857)(601)— — — — — (64,458)
Cash repayments / receipts(53,265)(2,468)(104)— — — (645)(56,482)
Transfers into Level III20 — — — — — (488,071)(488,051)
Transfers out of Level III(284)— — — — — 854,302 854,018 
September 30, 2023 balance
$2,602,265 $102,076 $18,740 $1,979,184 $18,188 $44,668,904 $(5,368,404)$44,020,953 
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets still held at September 30, 2023:
Included in earnings$(73,230)$1,170 $241 $2,199 $(68)$(2,195,966)$157,469 $(2,108,185)
Included in OCI$— $(3,286)$— $— $— $— $— $(3,286)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Loans at
Fair Value
RMBSCMBSWoodstar Fund InvestmentsDomestic
Servicing
Rights
VIE AssetsVIE
Liabilities
Total
July 1, 2022 balance
$2,197,501 $124,439 $20,965 $1,558,850 $17,499 $57,993,563 $(5,980,634)$55,932,183 
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings:
Change in fair value / gain on sale(87,474)— (84)110,415 515 (3,778,193)824,214 (2,930,607)
Net accretion— 1,744 — — — — — 1,744 
Included in OCI— (6,194)— — — — — (6,194)
Purchases / Originations186,397 — — — — — — 186,397 
Sales(1,266)— — — — — — (1,266)
Cash repayments / receipts(37,998)(3,412)(229)— — — (4,887)(46,526)
Transfers into Level III1,700 — — — — — (573,303)(571,603)
Transfers out of Level III(70,389)— — — — — 241,613 171,224 
September 30, 2022 balance
$2,188,471 $116,577 $20,652 $1,669,265 $18,014 $54,215,370 $(5,492,997)$52,735,352 
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets still held at September 30, 2022:
Included in earnings$(92,162)$1,744 $(84)$110,415 $515 $(3,778,193)$824,214 $(2,933,551)
Included in OCI$— $(6,194)$— $— $— $— $— $(6,194)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Loans at
Fair Value
RMBSCMBSWoodstar Fund InvestmentsDomestic
Servicing
Rights
VIE AssetsVIE
Liabilities
Total
January 1, 2023 balance
$2,784,594 $113,386 $19,108 $1,761,002 $17,790 $52,453,041 $(5,505,943)$51,642,978 
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings:
Change in fair value / gain on sale(111,247)— 317 218,182 398 (7,784,137)462,074 (7,214,413)
Net accretion— 3,583 — — — — — 3,583 
Included in OCI— (6,841)— — — — — (6,841)
Purchases / Originations362,688 — — — — — — 362,688 
Sales(235,174)(601)— — — — — (235,775)
Cash repayments / receipts(137,916)(7,451)(685)— — — (12,295)(158,347)
Transfers into Level III26 — — — — — (1,687,002)(1,686,976)
Transfers out of Level III(60,706)— — — — — 1,374,762 1,314,056 
September 30, 2023 balance
$2,602,265 $102,076 $18,740 $1,979,184 $18,188 $44,668,904 $(5,368,404)$44,020,953 
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
    at September 30, 2023:
Included in earnings$(133,679)$3,552 $317 $218,182 $398 $(7,784,137)$462,074 $(7,233,293)
Included in OCI$— $(6,875)$— $— $— $— $— $(6,875)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Loans at
Fair Value
RMBSCMBSWoodstar Fund InvestmentsDomestic
Servicing
Rights
VIE AssetsVIE
Liabilities
Total
January 1, 2022 balance
$2,936,025 $143,980 $22,244 $1,040,309 $16,780 $61,280,543 $(4,780,221)$60,659,660 
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings:
Change in fair value / gain on sale(326,737)— (1,441)628,956 1,234 (10,696,486)1,746,436 (8,648,038)
Net accretion— 6,974 — — — — — 6,974 
Included in OCI— (18,177)— — — — — (18,177)
Purchases / Originations3,793,467 — — — — — — 3,793,467 
Sales(3,588,953)— — — — — — (3,588,953)
Cash repayments / receipts(152,847)(16,200)(681)— — — (5,712)(175,440)
Transfers into Level III1,847 — — — — — (1,203,420)(1,201,573)
Transfers out of Level III(474,331)— — — — — 559,062 84,731 
Consolidation of VIEs— — — — — 4,361,325 (1,810,101)2,551,224 
Deconsolidation of VIEs— — 530 — — (730,012)959 (728,523)
September 30, 2022 balance
$2,188,471 $116,577 $20,652 $1,669,265 $18,014 $54,215,370 $(5,492,997)$52,735,352 
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
    at September 30, 2022:
Included in earnings$(258,652)$6,641 $(911)$628,956 $1,234 $(10,696,486)$1,746,436 $(8,572,782)
Included in OCI$— $(17,771)$— $— $— $— $— $(17,771)
Amounts were transferred from Level II to Level III due to a decrease in the observable relevant market activity and amounts were transferred from Level III to Level II due to an increase in the observable relevant market activity.
The following table presents the fair values of our financial instruments not carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets (amounts in thousands):
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Carrying
Value
Fair
Value
Carrying
Value
Fair
Value
Financial assets not carried at fair value:
Loans$17,234,205 $17,185,073 $18,401,439 $18,215,072 
HTM debt securities591,948 562,523 673,470 637,275 
Financial liabilities not carried at fair value:
Secured financing agreements, CLOs and SASB$17,076,155 $16,926,451 $18,177,756 $18,017,651 
Unsecured senior notes2,456,583 2,314,681 2,329,211 2,199,135 
The following is quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs in our Level III measurements for those assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (dollars in thousands):
Carrying Value at
September 30, 2023
Valuation
Technique
Unobservable
Input
Range (Weighted Average) as of (1)
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Loans under fair value option$2,602,265 Discounted cash flow, market pricingCoupon (d)
2.8% - 9.9% (4.6%)
2.8% - 9.3% (4.5%)
Remaining contractual term (d)
4.5 - 38.8 years (27.1 years)
5.3 - 39.5 years (28.6 years)
FICO score (a)
585 - 900 (749)
585 - 900 (749)
LTV (b)
0% - 138% (66%)
4% - 92% (67%)
Purchase price (d)
80.0% - 114.1% (101.3%)
80.0% - 108.6% (101.4%)
RMBS102,076 Discounted cash flowConstant prepayment rate (a)
2.7% - 10.0% (5.0%)
2.8% - 12.0% (5.5%)
Constant default rate (b)
1.0% - 4.2% (1.8%)
1.1% - 4.4% (2.0%)
Loss severity (b)
0% - 91% (20%) (f)
0% - 109% (24%) (f)
Delinquency rate (c)
8% - 24% (14%)
6% - 29% (16%)
Servicer advances (a)
27% - 78% (51%)
31% - 77.7% (53%)
Annual coupon deterioration (b)
0% - 3.2% (0.1%)
0% - 2.6% (0.1%)
Putback amount per projected total collateral loss (e)
0% - 8% (0.5%)
0% - 8% (0.5%)
CMBS18,740 Discounted cash flowYield (b)
0% - 663.2% (10.7%)
0% - 117.5% (10.1%)
Duration (c)
0 - 6.9 years (2.6 years)
0 - 7.7 years (3.0 years)
Woodstar Fund investments1,979,184 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate - properties (b)N/A
6.3% - 6.8% (6.5%)
Discount rate - debt (a)
5.7% - 7.7% (6.3%)
5.6% - 6.7% (6.1%)
Terminal capitalization rate (b)
N/A
5.0% - 5.5% (5.1%)
Direct capitalization rate (b)
4.2% (4.2%)
 4.2% (4.2%) (Implied)
Domestic servicing rights18,188 Discounted cash flowDebt yield (a)
8.50% (8.50%)
8.25% (8.25%)
Discount rate (b)
15% (15%)
15% (15%)
VIE assets44,668,904 Discounted cash flowYield (b)
0% - 420.1% (16.8%)
0% - 453.6% (15.3%)
Duration (c)
0 - 10.2 years (2.4 years)
0 - 11.0 years (2.4 years)
VIE liabilities5,368,404 Discounted cash flowYield (b)
0% - 420.1% (11.8%)
0% - 453.6% (10.4%)
Duration (c)
0 - 10.2 years (2.1 years)
0 - 11.0 years (1.8 years)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative carrying value of the instruments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Information about Uncertainty of Fair Value Measurements
(a)Significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable input in isolation would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement.
(b)Significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable input in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement.
(c)Significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable input in isolation would result in either a significantly lower or higher (higher or lower) fair value measurement depending on the structural features of the security in question.
(d)This unobservable input is not subject to variability as of the respective reporting dates.
(e)Any delay in the putback recovery date leads to a decrease in fair value for the majority of securities in our RMBS portfolio.
(f)7% and 10% of the portfolio falls within a range of 45% - 80% as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
v3.23.3
Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
Certain of our domestic subsidiaries have elected to be treated as taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”). TRSs permit us to participate in certain activities from which REITs are generally precluded, as long as these activities meet specific criteria, are conducted within the parameters of certain limitations established by the Code and are conducted in entities which elect to be treated as taxable subsidiaries under the Code. To the extent these criteria are met, we will continue to maintain our qualification as a REIT.
Our TRSs engage in various real estate-related operations, including special servicing of commercial real estate, originating and securitizing mortgage loans, and investing in entities which engage in real estate-related operations. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, approximately $3.1 billion and $3.2 billion, respectively, of assets were owned by TRS entities. Our TRSs are not consolidated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, but are instead taxed as corporations. For financial reporting purposes, a provision for current and deferred taxes is established for the portion of earnings recognized by us with respect to our interest in TRSs.
The following table is a reconciliation of our U.S. federal income tax provision determined using our statutory federal tax rate to our reported income tax (benefit) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollars in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended September 30,For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Federal statutory tax rate$8,395 21.0 %$36,768 21.0 %$66,049 21.0 %$176,580 21.0 %
REIT and other non-taxable income(17,486)(43.7)%(75,642)(43.1)%(81,262)(25.8)%(213,073)(25.3)%
State income taxes(2,987)(7.5)%(12,772)(7.3)%(4,999)(1.6)%(11,990)(1.4)%
Federal benefit of state tax deduction628 1.6 %2,682 1.5 %1,050 0.3 %2,518 0.3 %
Intra-entity transfers— — %— — %— — %(3,868)(0.5)%
Other51 0.1 %209 0.1 %165 0.1 %834 0.1 %
Effective tax rate$(11,399)(28.5)%$(48,755)(27.8)%$(18,997)(6.0)%$(48,999)(5.8)%
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we have utilized the discrete effective tax rate method, as allowed by ASC 740-270-30-18, “Income Taxes—Interim Reporting,” to calculate our interim income tax benefit. The discrete method is applied when the application of the estimated annual effective tax rate is impractical because it is not possible to reliably estimate the annual effective tax rate. The discrete method treats the year to date period as if it was the annual period and determines the income tax expense or benefit on that basis. We believe that due to market dislocation and volatility, particularly with respect to the Company's residential assets that are housed in TRSs, the use of the discrete method is more appropriate at this time than the annual effective tax rate method due to the high degree of uncertainty in estimating annual pretax earnings.
v3.23.3
Commitments and Contingencies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies Commitments and Contingencies
As of September 30, 2023, our Commercial and Residential Lending Segment had future commercial loan funding commitments totaling $1.8 billion, of which we expect to fund $1.4 billion. These future funding commitments primarily relate to construction projects, capital improvements, tenant improvements and leasing commissions.
As of September 30, 2023, our Infrastructure Lending Segment had future infrastructure loan funding commitments totaling $167.3 million, including $121.1 million under revolvers and letters of credit (“LCs”), and $46.2 million under delayed draw term loans. As of September 30, 2023, $8.5 million of revolvers and LCs were outstanding.
Generally, funding commitments are subject to certain conditions that must be met, such as customary construction draw certifications, minimum debt service coverage ratios or executions of new leases before advances are made to the borrower.
Management is not aware of any other contractual obligations, legal proceedings, or any other contingent obligations incurred in the normal course of business that would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.
v3.23.3
Segment Data
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Data Segment DataIn its operation of the business, management, including our chief operating decision maker, who is our Chief Executive Officer, reviews certain financial information, including segmented internal profit and loss statements prepared on a basis prior to the impact of consolidating securitization VIEs under ASC 810. The segment information within this Note is reported on that basis.
The table below presents our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2023 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Revenues:
Interest income from loans$397,045 $58,628 $— $1,626 $— $457,299 $— $457,299 
Interest income from investment securities36,178 155 — 25,133 — 61,466 (41,333)20,133 
Servicing fees147 — — 11,228 — 11,375 (2,745)8,630 
Rental income2,470 — 23,567 7,054 — 33,091 — 33,091 
Other revenues822 469 193 407 503 2,394 — 2,394 
Total revenues436,662 59,252 23,760 45,448 503 565,625 (44,078)521,547 
Costs and expenses:
Management fees199 — — — 26,944 27,143 — 27,143 
Interest expense247,727 34,887 14,161 8,448 63,346 368,569 (212)368,357 
General and administrative15,659 3,822 1,021 21,365 4,824 46,691 — 46,691 
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs207 — — — 211 — 211 
Costs of rental operations2,475 — 6,039 3,263 — 11,777 — 11,777 
Depreciation and amortization1,912 27 7,930 2,402 — 12,271 — 12,271 
Credit loss provision, net51,487 1,147 — — — 52,634 — 52,634 
Other expense516 — — — — 516 — 516 
Total costs and expenses320,182 39,887 29,151 35,478 95,114 519,812 (212)519,600 
Other income (loss):
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs— — — — — — 43,763 43,763 
Change in fair value of servicing rights— — — (983)— (983)915 (68)
Change in fair value of investment securities, net21,456 — — (20,753)— 703 (420)283 
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net(68,450)— — 1,644 — (66,806)— (66,806)
Income from affordable housing fund investments— — 16,908 — — 16,908 — 16,908 
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities1,142 (2,459)— 400 — (917)(392)(1,309)
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net(52)— — 10,668 — 10,616 — 10,616 
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net99,735 98 557 4,116 (9,623)94,883 — 94,883 
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net
(56,309)(382)45 — — (56,646)— (56,646)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(757)— — (315)— (1,072)— (1,072)
Other (loss) income, net(2,527)(6)— 12 — (2,521)— (2,521)
Total other income (loss)(5,762)(2,749)17,510 (5,211)(9,623)(5,835)43,866 38,031 
Income (loss) before income taxes110,718 16,616 12,119 4,759 (104,234)39,978  39,978 
Income tax benefit
9,823 243 — 1,333 — 11,399 — 11,399 
Net income (loss)120,541 16,859 12,119 6,092 (104,234)51,377  51,377 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests(3)— (7,812)3,873 — (3,942)— (3,942)
Net income (loss) attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
$120,538 $16,859 $4,307 $9,965 $(104,234)$47,435 $ $47,435 
The table below presents our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2022 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Revenues:
Interest income from loans$284,197 $43,018 $— $1,139 $— $328,354 $— $328,354 
Interest income from investment securities28,560 1,204 — 27,585 — 57,349 (38,330)19,019 
Servicing fees142 — — 11,830 — 11,972 (3,545)8,427 
Rental income1,944 — 22,886 8,102 — 32,932 — 32,932 
Other revenues138 129 54 1,491 — 1,812 (3)1,809 
Total revenues314,981 44,351 22,940 50,147  432,419 (41,878)390,541 
Costs and expenses:
Management fees227 — — — 27,129 27,356 — 27,356 
Interest expense145,107 22,500 9,266 6,601 39,166 222,640 (217)222,423 
General and administrative16,458 3,588 933 20,046 4,384 45,409 86 45,495 
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs1,164 — 47 — 1,213 — 1,213 
Costs of rental operations2,633 — 5,793 3,780 — 12,206 — 12,206 
Depreciation and amortization1,629 101 8,161 2,720 — 12,611 — 12,611 
Credit loss provision, net8,401 6,942 — — — 15,343 — 15,343 
Total costs and expenses175,619 33,133 24,153 33,194 70,679 336,778 (131)336,647 
Other income (loss):
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs— — — — — — 37,146 37,146 
Change in fair value of servicing rights— — — 357 — 357 158 515 
Change in fair value of investment securities, net16,398 — — (21,412)— (5,014)4,931 (83)
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net(90,159)— — 2,685 — (87,474)— (87,474)
Income from affordable housing fund investments— — 117,527 — — 117,527 — 117,527 
(Loss) earnings from unconsolidated entities
(4,044)1,892 — 602 — (1,550)(494)(2,044)
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net
(288)— — 13,741 — 13,453 — 13,453 
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net220,296 331 10,262 6,849 (31,668)206,070 — 206,070 
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net(107,087)(253)22 — — (107,318)— (107,318)
Loss on extinguishment of debt— — — (212)— (212)— (212)
Other loss, net(56,391)— — — — (56,391)— (56,391)
Total other income (loss)(21,275)1,970 127,811 2,610 (31,668)79,448 41,741 121,189 
Income (loss) before income taxes118,087 13,188 126,598 19,563 (102,347)175,089 (6)175,083 
Income tax benefit (provision)
53,099 — (4,346)— 48,755 — 48,755 
Net income (loss)171,186 13,190 126,598 15,217 (102,347)223,844 (6)223,838 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests(3)— (28,486)(793)— (29,282)(29,276)
Net income (loss) attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
$171,183 $13,190 $98,112 $14,424 $(102,347)$194,562 $ $194,562 
The table below presents our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Revenues:
Interest income from loans$1,166,758 $172,969 $— $4,329 $— $1,344,056 $— $1,344,056 
Interest income from investment securities102,462 1,658 — 69,521 — 173,641 (115,952)57,689 
Servicing fees441 — — 30,472 — 30,913 (8,685)22,228 
Rental income6,410 — 70,587 20,690 — 97,687 — 97,687 
Other revenues2,007 995 494 1,302 1,172 5,970 — 5,970 
Total revenues1,278,078 175,622 71,081 126,314 1,172 1,652,267 (124,637)1,527,630 
Costs and expenses:
Management fees629 — — — 97,032 97,661 — 97,661 
Interest expense724,452 103,188 40,229 24,752 175,002 1,067,623 (633)1,066,990 
General and administrative42,117 11,520 2,966 62,052 13,300 131,955 — 131,955 
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs665 17 — (57)— 625 — 625 
Costs of rental operations7,505 — 17,034 10,371 — 34,910 — 34,910 
Depreciation and amortization5,262 84 24,061 7,603 — 37,010 — 37,010 
Credit loss provision, net200,439 17,314 — — — 217,753 — 217,753 
Other expense1,451 — 23 16 — 1,490 — 1,490 
Total costs and expenses982,520 132,123 84,313 104,737 285,334 1,589,027 (633)1,588,394 
Other income (loss):
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs— — — — — — 139,024 139,024 
Change in fair value of servicing rights— — — (2,684)— (2,684)3,082 398 
Change in fair value of investment securities, net62,766 — — (46,213)— 16,553 (16,200)353 
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net(125,390)— — 14,143 — (111,247)— (111,247)
Income from affordable housing fund investments— — 253,696 — — 253,696 — 253,696 
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities3,563 1,324 — 8,393 — 13,280 (1,902)11,378 
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net(140)— — 15,626 — 15,486 — 15,486 
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net132,686 244 4,448 4,469 (23,416)118,431 — 118,431 
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net
(18,118)(225)50 — — (18,293)— (18,293)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(1,822)— — (434)— (2,256)— (2,256)
Other (loss) income, net(31,693)— (5)12 — (31,686)— (31,686)
Total other income (loss)21,852 1,343 258,189 (6,688)(23,416)251,280 124,004 375,284 
Income (loss) before income taxes317,410 44,842 244,957 14,889 (307,578)314,520  314,520 
Income tax benefit15,981 581 — 2,435 — 18,997 — 18,997 
Net income (loss)333,391 45,423 244,957 17,324 (307,578)333,517  333,517 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests(10)— (65,149)(106)— (65,265)— (65,265)
Net income (loss) attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
$333,381 $45,423 $179,808 $17,218 $(307,578)$268,252 $ $268,252 
The table below presents our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Revenues:
Interest income from loans$714,222 $100,097 $— $8,804 $— $823,123 $— $823,123 
Interest income from investment securities71,987 3,124 — 75,964 — 151,075 (102,767)48,308 
Servicing fees420 — — 41,517 — 41,937 (10,965)30,972 
Rental income4,674 — 67,879 23,483 — 96,036 — 96,036 
Other revenues251 287 152 10,999 11,692 (12)11,680 
Total revenues791,554 103,508 68,031 160,767 3 1,123,863 (113,744)1,010,119 
Costs and expenses:
Management fees758 — — — 113,517 114,275 — 114,275 
Interest expense301,935 49,431 22,421 19,202 109,150 502,139 (647)501,492 
General and administrative39,905 10,730 2,964 66,603 14,354 134,556 265 134,821 
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs2,401 (259)— 2,152 — 2,152 
Costs of rental operations4,978 — 16,010 11,106 — 32,094 — 32,094 
Depreciation and amortization3,106 310 24,559 8,523 — 36,498 — 36,498 
Credit loss provision, net13,027 7,096 — — — 20,123 — 20,123 
Other expense1,251 — 55 — 1,313 — 1,313 
Total costs and expenses367,361 67,570 66,016 105,182 237,021 843,150 (382)842,768 
Other income (loss):
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs— — — — — — 72,268 72,268 
Change in fair value of servicing rights— — — 683 — 683 551 1,234 
Change in fair value of investment securities, net(5,019)— — (38,853)— (43,872)42,189 (1,683)
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net(327,743)— — 1,006 — (326,737)— (326,737)
Income from affordable housing fund investments— — 658,733 — — 658,733 — 658,733 
(Loss) earnings from unconsolidated entities
(2,598)2,631 — 2,501 — 2,534 (1,623)911 
Gain on sale of investments and other assets, net86,460 — — 25,599 — 112,059 — 112,059 
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net465,831 1,228 33,162 43,719 (82,019)461,921 — 461,921 
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net(212,672)(570)41 — — (213,201)— (213,201)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(206)(469)— (360)— (1,035)— (1,035)
Other (loss) income, net(90,988)— — — — (90,988)25 (90,963)
Total other income (loss)(86,935)2,820 691,936 34,295 (82,019)560,097 113,410 673,507 
Income (loss) before income taxes337,258 38,758 693,951 89,880 (319,037)840,810 48 840,858 
Income tax benefit (provision) 57,682 — (8,690)— 48,999 — 48,999 
Net income (loss)394,940 38,765 693,951 81,190 (319,037)889,809 48 889,857 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests(10)— (148,379)(9,972)— (158,361)(48)(158,409)
Net income (loss) attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
$394,930 $38,765 $545,572 $71,218 $(319,037)$731,448 $ $731,448 
The table below presents our consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2023 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$7,078 $35,247 $37,281 $9,840 $105,873 $195,319 $— $195,319 
Restricted cash29,474 22,178 997 4,746 178,556 235,951 — 235,951 
Loans held-for-investment, net14,950,568 2,274,318 — 9,319 — 17,234,205 — 17,234,205 
Loans held-for-sale2,499,681 — — 102,584 — 2,602,265 — 2,602,265 
Investment securities1,237,362 19,582 — 1,106,436 — 2,363,380 (1,641,787)721,593 
Properties, net469,343 — 851,713 84,735 — 1,405,791 — 1,405,791 
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund— — 1,979,184 — — 1,979,184 — 1,979,184 
Investments in unconsolidated entities25,207 48,224 — 33,050 — 106,481 (14,557)91,924 
Goodwill— 119,409 — 140,437 — 259,846 — 259,846 
Intangible assets14,153 — 26,375 61,435 — 101,963 (35,974)65,989 
Derivative assets123,662 134 2,640 6,580 — 133,016 — 133,016 
Accrued interest receivable160,815 9,574 1,298 1,770 88 173,545 (285)173,260 
Other assets394,099 6,306 51,914 19,533 54,590 526,442 — 526,442 
VIE assets, at fair value— — — — — — 44,668,904 44,668,904 
Total Assets$19,911,442 $2,534,972 $2,951,402 $1,580,465 $339,107 $27,317,388 $42,976,301 $70,293,689 
Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities$266,031 $21,885 $12,724 $35,998 $71,077 $407,715 $— $407,715 
Related-party payable— — — — 24,282 24,282 — 24,282 
Dividends payable— — — — 152,737 152,737 — 152,737 
Derivative liabilities15,901 — — — 69,756 85,657 — 85,657 
Secured financing agreements, net9,974,212 935,043 791,461 539,820 1,338,203 13,578,739 (20,858)13,557,881 
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net2,702,506 815,768 — — — 3,518,274 — 3,518,274 
Unsecured senior notes, net— — — — 2,456,583 2,456,583 — 2,456,583 
VIE liabilities, at fair value— — — — — — 42,997,104 42,997,104 
Total Liabilities12,958,650 1,772,696 804,185 575,818 4,112,638 20,223,987 42,976,246 63,200,233 
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests
— — 409,659 — — 409,659 — 409,659 
Permanent Equity:
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock— — — — 3,205 3,205 — 3,205 
Additional paid-in capital1,522,081 616,063 (428,536)(680,659)4,827,013 5,855,962 — 5,855,962 
Treasury stock— — — — (138,022)(138,022)— (138,022)
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)5,416,479 146,213 1,957,453 1,531,338 (8,465,727)585,756 — 585,756 
Accumulated other comprehensive income14,114 — — — — 14,114 — 14,114 
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity6,952,674 762,276 1,528,917 850,679 (3,773,531)6,321,015 — 6,321,015 
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries118 — 208,641 153,968 — 362,727 55 362,782 
Total Permanent Equity6,952,792 762,276 1,737,558 1,004,647 (3,773,531)6,683,742 55 6,683,797 
Total Liabilities and Equity$19,911,442 $2,534,972 $2,951,402 $1,580,465 $339,107 $27,317,388 $42,976,301 $70,293,689 
The table below presents our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$68,593 $31,153 $31,194 $39,023 $91,098 $261,061 $— $261,061 
Restricted cash18,556 31,133 981 5,259 65,143 121,072 — 121,072 
Loans held-for-investment, net16,038,930 2,352,932 — 9,577 — 18,401,439 — 18,401,439 
Loans held-for-sale2,763,458 — — 21,136 — 2,784,594 — 2,784,594 
Investment securities1,250,893 66,204 — 1,165,628 — 2,482,725 (1,666,921)815,804 
Properties, net463,492 — 864,778 121,716 — 1,449,986 — 1,449,986 
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund— — 1,761,002 — — 1,761,002 — 1,761,002 
Investments in unconsolidated entities25,326 47,078 — 33,030 — 105,434 (13,542)91,892 
Goodwill— 119,409 — 140,437 — 259,846 — 259,846 
Intangible assets11,908 — 29,613 66,310 — 107,831 (39,058)68,773 
Derivative assets101,082 122 1,803 5,614 — 108,621 — 108,621 
Accrued interest receivable151,852 9,856 863 1,105 5,120 168,796 (275)168,521 
Other assets170,177 3,614 54,313 12,929 56,444 297,477 — 297,477 
VIE assets, at fair value— — — — — — 52,453,041 52,453,041 
Total Assets$21,064,267 $2,661,501 $2,744,547 $1,621,764 $217,805 $28,309,884 $50,733,245 $79,043,129 
Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities$146,897 $20,656 $11,716 $46,377 $73,353 $298,999 $— $298,999 
Related-party payable— — — — 41,186 41,186 — 41,186 
Dividends payable— — — — 151,511 151,511 — 151,511 
Derivative liabilities21,523 105 — — 69,776 91,404 — 91,404 
Secured financing agreements, net10,804,970 1,042,679 789,719 543,256 1,342,074 14,522,698 (21,166)14,501,532 
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net2,862,211 814,013 — — — 3,676,224 — 3,676,224 
Unsecured senior notes, net— — — — 2,329,211 2,329,211 — 2,329,211 
VIE liabilities, at fair value— — — — — — 50,754,355 50,754,355 
Total Liabilities13,835,601 1,877,453 801,435 589,633 4,007,111 21,111,233 50,733,189 71,844,422 
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests
— — 362,790 — — 362,790 — 362,790 
Permanent Equity:
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock— — — — 3,181 3,181 — 3,181 
Additional paid-in capital2,124,496 683,258 (405,955)(646,662)4,051,950 5,807,087 — 5,807,087 
Treasury stock— — — — (138,022)(138,022)— (138,022)
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)5,083,100 100,790 1,777,643 1,514,119 (7,706,415)769,237 — 769,237 
Accumulated other comprehensive income20,955 — — — — 20,955 — 20,955 
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity7,228,551 784,048 1,371,688 867,457 (3,789,306)6,462,438 — 6,462,438 
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries115 — 208,634 164,674 — 373,423 56 373,479 
Total Permanent Equity7,228,666 784,048 1,580,322 1,032,131 (3,789,306)6,835,861 56 6,835,917 
Total Liabilities and Equity$21,064,267 $2,661,501 $2,744,547 $1,621,764 $217,805 $28,309,884 $50,733,245 $79,043,129 
v3.23.3
Subsequent Events
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Subsequent Events [Abstract]  
Subsequent Events Subsequent Events
Our significant events subsequent to September 30, 2023 were as follows:
New Jersey Retail and Entertainment Loan
During October 2023, we received distributions totaling $52.3 million from an unconsolidated investee that owns an equity interest in an entertainment and retail center. This equity interest was originally obtained in 2021 in order to facilitate repayment of a senior loan on a retail and entertainment project in New Jersey which had a balance of $220.1 million at September 30, 2023 prior to the receipt of these distributions. The loan has been on nonaccrual status since 2021. These distributions will reduce our carrying value of the loan and related equity interest.
2023 Senior Notes
On November 1, 2023, we repaid the entire $300.0 million of our 2023 Senior Notes upon maturity.
v3.23.3
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent $ 47,435 $ 194,562 $ 268,252 $ 731,448
v3.23.3
Insider Trading Arrangements
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
shares
Sep. 30, 2023
shares
Trading Arrangements, by Individual    
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false  
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false  
Jeffrey F. DiModica [Member]    
Trading Arrangements, by Individual    
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement   On September 28, 2023, Jeffrey F. DiModica, the President of the Company, adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c). Mr. DiModica’s trading plan provides for the sale of up to a maximum of 100,000 shares of Company common stock at price and volume thresholds set forth in the plan during specified trading periods between December 26, 2023 and June 28, 2024, the plan's termination date.
Name Jeffrey F. DiModica  
Title President  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted true  
Adoption Date September 28, 2023  
Arrangement Duration 185 days  
Aggregate Available 100,000 100,000
v3.23.3
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Balance Sheet Presentation of Securitization Variable Interest Entities
Balance Sheet Presentation of Securitization Variable Interest Entities
We operate investment businesses that acquire unrated, investment grade and non-investment grade rated CMBS and RMBS. These securities represent interests in securitization structures (commonly referred to as special purpose entities, or “SPEs”). These SPEs are structured as pass through entities that receive principal and interest on the underlying collateral and distribute those payments to the certificate holders. Under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), SPEs typically qualify as VIEs. These are entities that, by design, either (1) lack sufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, or (2) have equity investors that do not have the ability to make significant decisions relating to the entity’s operations through voting rights, or do not have the obligation to absorb the expected losses, or do not have the right to receive the residual returns of the entity.
Because we often serve as the special servicer or servicing administrator of the trusts in which we invest, or we have the ability to remove and replace the special servicer without cause, consolidation of these structures is required pursuant to GAAP as outlined in detail below. This results in a consolidated balance sheet which presents the gross assets and liabilities of the VIEs. The assets and other instruments held by these VIEs are restricted and can only be used to fulfill the obligations of the entity. Additionally, the obligations of the VIEs do not have any recourse to the general credit of any other consolidated entities, nor to us as the consolidator of these VIEs.
The VIE liabilities initially represent investment securities on our balance sheet (pre-consolidation). Upon consolidation of these VIEs, our associated investment securities are eliminated, as is the interest income related to those securities. Similarly, the fees we earn in our roles as special servicer of the bonds issued by the consolidated VIEs or as collateral administrator of the consolidated VIEs are also eliminated. Finally, a portion of the identified servicing intangible associated with the eliminated fee streams is eliminated in consolidation.
Basis of Accounting and Principles of Consolidation
Basis of Accounting and Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our consolidated subsidiaries and VIEs. Intercompany amounts have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows have been included.
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 (our “Form 10-K”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year.
Refer to our Form 10-K for a description of our recurring accounting policies. We have included disclosure in this Note 2 regarding principles of consolidation and other accounting policies that (i) are required to be disclosed quarterly, (ii) we view as critical, (iii) became significant since December 31, 2022 due to a corporate action or increase in the significance of the underlying business activity or (iv) changed upon adoption of an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”).
Variable Interest Entities
Variable Interest Entities
In addition to the securitization VIEs, we have financed pools of our loans through collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) and a single asset securitization (“SASB”), which are considered VIEs. We also hold interests in certain other entities which are considered VIEs as the limited partners of those entities with equity at risk do not collectively possess (i) the right to remove the general partner or dissolve the partnership without cause or (ii) the right to participate in significant decisions made by the partnership.
We evaluate all of our interests in VIEs for consolidation. When our interests are determined to be variable interests, we assess whether we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, Consolidation, defines the primary beneficiary as the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could be potentially significant. We
consider our variable interests as well as any variable interests of our related parties in making this determination. Where both of these factors are present, we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary and we consolidate the VIE. Where either one of these factors is not present, we are not the primary beneficiary and do not consolidate the VIE.
To assess whether we have the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, we consider all facts and circumstances, including our role in establishing the VIE and our ongoing rights and responsibilities. This assessment includes: (i) identifying the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance; and (ii) identifying which party, if any, has power over those activities. In general, the parties that make the most significant decisions affecting the VIE or have the right to unilaterally remove those decision makers are deemed to have the power to direct the activities of a VIE. The right to remove the decision maker in a VIE must be exercisable without cause for the decision maker to not be deemed the party that has the power to direct the activities of a VIE.
To assess whether we have the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE, we consider all of our economic interests, including debt and equity investments, servicing fees and other arrangements deemed to be variable interests in the VIE. This assessment requires that we apply judgment in determining whether these interests, in the aggregate, are considered potentially significant to the VIE. Factors considered in assessing significance include: the design of the VIE, including its capitalization structure; subordination of interests; payment priority; relative share of interests held across various classes within the VIE’s capital structure; and the reasons why the interests are held by us.
Our purchased investment securities include unrated and non-investment grade rated securities issued by securitization trusts. In certain cases, we may contract to provide special servicing activities for these trusts, or, as holder of the controlling class, we may have the right to name and remove the special servicer for these trusts. In our role as special servicer, we provide services on defaulted loans within the trusts, such as foreclosure or work-out procedures, as permitted by the underlying contractual agreements. In exchange for these services, we receive a fee. These rights give us the ability to direct activities that could significantly impact the trust’s economic performance. However, in those instances where an unrelated third party has the right to unilaterally remove us as special servicer without cause, we do not have the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the trust’s economic performance. We evaluated all of our positions in such investments for consolidation.
For securitization VIEs in which we are determined to be the primary beneficiary, all of the underlying assets, liabilities and equity of the structures are recorded on our books, and the initial investment, along with any associated unrealized holding gains and losses, are eliminated in consolidation. Similarly, the interest income earned from these structures, as well as the fees paid by these trusts to us in our capacity as special servicer, are eliminated in consolidation. Further, a portion of the identified servicing intangible asset associated with the servicing fee streams, and the corresponding amortization or change in fair value of the servicing intangible asset, are also eliminated in consolidation.
We perform ongoing reassessments of: (i) whether any entities previously evaluated under the majority voting interest framework have become VIEs, based on certain events, and therefore subject to the VIE consolidation framework, and (ii) whether changes in the facts and circumstances regarding our involvement with a VIE causes our consolidation conclusion regarding the VIE to change.
We elect the fair value option for initial and subsequent recognition of the assets and liabilities of our consolidated securitization VIEs. Interest income and interest expense associated with these VIEs are no longer relevant on a standalone basis because these amounts are already reflected in the fair value changes. We have elected to present these items in a single line on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The residual difference shown on our condensed consolidated statements of operations in the line item “Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs” represents our beneficial interest in the VIEs.
We separately present the assets and liabilities of our consolidated securitization VIEs as individual line items on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The liabilities of our consolidated securitization VIEs consist solely of obligations to the bondholders of the related trusts, and are thus presented as a single line item entitled “VIE liabilities.” The assets of our consolidated securitization VIEs consist principally of loans, but at times, also include foreclosed loans which have been temporarily converted into real estate owned (“REO”). These assets in the aggregate are likewise presented as a single line item entitled “VIE assets.”
Loans comprise the vast majority of our securitization VIE assets and are carried at fair value due to the election of the fair value option. When an asset becomes REO, it is due to non-performance of the loan. Because the loan is already at fair value, the carrying value of an REO asset is also initially at fair value. Furthermore, when we consolidate a trust, any existing
REO would be consolidated at fair value. Once an asset becomes REO, its disposition time is relatively short. As a result, the carrying value of an REO generally approximates fair value under GAAP.
In addition to sharing a similar measurement method as the loans in a trust, the securitization VIE assets as a whole can only be used to settle the obligations of the consolidated VIE. The assets of our securitization VIEs are not individually accessible by the bondholders, which creates inherent limitations from a valuation perspective. Also creating limitations from a valuation perspective is our role as special servicer, which provides us very limited visibility, if any, into the performing loans of a trust.
REO assets generally represent a very small percentage of the overall asset pool of a trust. In new issue trusts there are no REO assets. We estimate that REO assets constitute approximately 1% of our consolidated securitization VIE assets, with the remaining 99% representing loans. However, it is important to note that the fair value of our securitization VIE assets is determined by reference to our securitization VIE liabilities as permitted under ASU 2014-13, Consolidation (Topic 810): Measuring the Financial Assets and the Financial Liabilities of a Consolidated Collateralized Financing Entity. In other words, our VIE liabilities are more reliably measurable than the VIE assets, resulting in our current measurement methodology which utilizes this value to determine the fair value of our securitization VIE assets as a whole. As a result, these percentages are not necessarily indicative of the relative fair values of each of these asset categories if the assets were to be valued individually.
Due to our accounting policy election under ASU 2014-13, separately presenting two different asset categories would result in an arbitrary assignment of value to each, with one asset category representing a residual amount, as opposed to its fair value. However, as a pool, the fair value of the assets in total is equal to the fair value of the liabilities.
For these reasons, the assets of our securitization VIEs are presented in the aggregate.
Fair Value Option
Fair Value Option
The guidance in ASC 825, Financial Instruments, provides a fair value option election that allows entities to make an irrevocable election of fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for certain eligible financial assets and liabilities. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. The decision to elect the fair value option is determined on an instrument by instrument basis and must be applied to an entire instrument and is irrevocable once elected. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value pursuant to this guidance are required to be reported separately in our consolidated balance sheets from those instruments using another accounting method.
We have elected the fair value option for certain eligible financial assets and liabilities of our consolidated securitization VIEs, residential loans held-for-investment, loans held-for-sale originated or acquired for future securitization and purchased CMBS issued by VIEs we could consolidate in the future. The fair value elections for VIE and securitization related items were made in order to mitigate accounting mismatches between the carrying value of the instruments and the related assets and liabilities that we consolidate at fair value. The fair value elections for residential loans held-for-investment were made in order to maintain consistency across all our residential loans. The fair value elections for mortgage loans held-for-sale were made due to the expected short-term holding period of these instruments.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements
We measure our mortgage-backed securities, investments of consolidated affordable housing fund, derivative assets and liabilities, domestic servicing rights intangible asset and any assets or liabilities where we have elected the fair value option at fair value. When actively quoted observable prices are not available, we either use implied pricing from similar assets and liabilities or valuation models based on net present values of estimated future cash flows, adjusted as appropriate for liquidity, credit, market and/or other risk factors.
As discussed above, we measure the assets and liabilities of consolidated securitization VIEs at fair value pursuant to our election of the fair value option. The securitization VIEs in which we invest are “static”; that is, no reinvestment is permitted, and there is no active management of the underlying assets. In determining the fair value of the assets and liabilities of the securitization VIEs, we maximize the use of observable inputs over unobservable inputs. Refer to Note 20 for further discussion regarding our fair value measurements.
Valuation Process
We have valuation control processes in place to validate the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value including those derived from pricing models. These control processes are designed to assure that the values used for financial reporting are based on observable inputs wherever possible. In the event that observable inputs are not available, the control processes are designed to assure that the valuation approach utilized is appropriate and consistently applied and the assumptions are reasonable.
Pricing Verification—We use recently executed transactions, other observable market data such as exchange data, broker/dealer quotes, third party pricing vendors and aggregation services for validating the fair values generated using valuation models. Pricing data provided by approved external sources is evaluated using a number of approaches; for example, by corroborating the external sources’ prices to executed trades, analyzing the methodology and assumptions used by the external source to generate a price and/or by evaluating how active the third party pricing source (or originating sources used by the third party pricing source) is in the market.
Unobservable Inputs—Where inputs are not observable, we review the appropriateness of the proposed valuation methodology to ensure it is consistent with how a market participant would arrive at the unobservable input. The valuation methodologies utilized in the absence of observable inputs may include extrapolation techniques and the use of comparable observable inputs.
Any changes to the valuation methodology will be reviewed by our management to ensure the changes are appropriate. The methods used may produce a fair value calculation that is not indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while we anticipate that our valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies, or assumptions, to determine the fair value could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.
Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
We determine the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as follows:
Loans held-for-sale, commercial
We measure the fair value of our commercial mortgage loans held-for-sale using a discounted cash flow analysis unless observable market data (i.e., securitized pricing) is available. A discounted cash flow analysis requires management to make estimates regarding future interest rates and credit spreads. The most significant of these inputs relates to credit spreads and is unobservable. Thus, we have determined that the fair values of mortgage loans valued using a discounted cash flow analysis should be classified in Level III of the fair value hierarchy, while mortgage loans valued using securitized pricing should be classified in Level II of the fair value hierarchy. Mortgage loans classified in Level III are transferred to Level II if securitized pricing becomes available.
Loans held-for-sale, residential
We measure the fair value of our residential loans held-for-sale based on the net present value of expected future cash flows using a combination of observable and unobservable inputs. Observable market participant assumptions include pricing related to trades of residential loans with similar characteristics. Unobservable inputs include the expectation of future cash flows, which involves judgments about the underlying collateral, the creditworthiness of the borrower, estimated prepayment speeds, estimated future credit losses, forward interest rates, investor yield requirements and certain other factors. At each measurement date, we consider both the observable and unobservable valuation inputs in the determination of fair value. However, given the significance of the unobservable inputs, these loans have been classified within Level III.
RMBS
RMBS are valued utilizing observable and unobservable market inputs. The observable market inputs include recent transactions, broker quotes and vendor prices (“market data”). However, given the implied price dispersion amongst the market data, the fair value determination for RMBS has also utilized significant unobservable inputs in discounted cash flow models including prepayments, default and severity estimates based on the recent performance of the collateral, the underlying collateral characteristics, industry trends, as well as expectations of macroeconomic events (e.g., housing price curves, interest rate curves, etc.). At each measurement date, we consider both the observable and unobservable valuation inputs in the determination of fair value. However, given the significance of the unobservable inputs these securities have been classified within Level III.
CMBS
CMBS are valued utilizing both observable and unobservable market inputs. These factors include projected future cash flows, ratings, subordination levels, vintage, remaining lives, credit issues, recent trades of similar securities and the spreads used in the prior valuation. We obtain current market spread information where available and use this information in evaluating and validating the market price of all CMBS. Depending upon the significance of the fair value inputs used in determining these fair values, these securities are classified in either Level II or Level III of the fair value hierarchy. CMBS may shift between Level II and Level III of the fair value hierarchy if the significant fair value inputs used to price the CMBS become or cease to be observable.
Equity security
The equity security is publicly registered and traded in the U.S. and its market price is listed on the London Stock Exchange. The security has been classified within Level I.
Woodstar Fund Investments
The fair value of investments held by the Woodstar Fund is determined based on observable and unobservable market inputs. The initial fair value of the Woodstar Fund’s investments at its November 5, 2021 establishment date was determined by reference to the purchase price paid by third party investors, which was consistent with both a recent external appraisal as well as our extensive marketing efforts to sell interests in the Woodstar Fund, plus working capital. The fair value of the Woodstar Fund’s investments as of December 31, 2022 was determined by reference to an external appraisal as of that date.

For the properties, the third party appraisals applied the income capitalization approach with corroborative support from the sales comparison approach. The cost approach was not employed, as it is typically not emphasized by potential investors in the multifamily affordable housing sector. The income capitalization approach estimates an income stream for a property over a 10-year period and discounts this income plus a reversion (presumed sale) into a present value at a risk adjusted discount rate. Terminal capitalization rates and discount rates utilized in this approach are derived from market transactions as well as other financial and industry data.

For secured financing, the third party appraisal discounted the contractual cash flows at the interest rate at which such arrangements would bear if executed in the current market. The fair value of investment level working capital is assumed to approximate carrying value due to its primarily short-term monetary nature. The fair value of interest rate derivatives is determined using the methodology described in the Derivatives discussion below.

Internal valuations at interim quarter ends, including September 30, 2023, are prepared by management. The valuation of properties is based on a direct income capitalization approach, whereby a direct capitalization market rate is applied to annualized in-place net operating income at the portfolio level. The direct capitalization rate is initially calibrated to the
implied rate from the latest appraisal and adjusted for subsequent changes in current market capitalization rates for sales of comparable multifamily properties. The valuations of secured financing agreements, working capital and interest rate derivatives are consistent with the methodologies described in the paragraph above.

Given the significance of the unobservable inputs used in the respective valuations, the Woodstar Fund’s investments have been classified within Level III of the fair value hierarchy.
Domestic servicing rights
The fair value of this intangible is determined using discounted cash flow modeling techniques which require management to make estimates regarding future net servicing cash flows, including forecasted loan defeasance, control migration, delinquency and anticipated maturity defaults which are calculated assuming a debt yield at which default occurs. Since the most significant of these inputs are unobservable, we have determined that the fair values of this intangible in its entirety should be classified in Level III of the fair value hierarchy.
Derivatives
The valuation of derivative contracts are determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market based inputs, including interest rate curves, spot and market forward points and implied volatilities. The fair values of interest rate swaps are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves.
We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own non-performance risk and the respective counterparty’s non-performance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative contracts for the effect of non-performance risk, we have considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees.
The valuation of over the counter derivatives are determined using discounted cash flows based on Overnight Index Swap (“OIS”) rates. Fully collateralized trades are discounted using OIS with no additional economic adjustments to arrive at fair value. Uncollateralized or partially collateralized trades are also discounted at OIS, but include appropriate economic adjustments for funding costs (i.e., a LIBOR or SOFR OIS basis adjustment to approximate uncollateralized cost of funds) and credit risk. For credit instruments, fair value is determined based on changes in the relevant indices from the date of initiation of the instrument to the reporting date, as these changes determine the amount of any future cash settlement between us and the counterparty. These indices are considered Level II inputs as they are directly observable.
Although we have determined that the majority of the inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level II of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our derivatives utilize Level III inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by us and our counterparties. However, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we have assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of our derivative positions and have determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of our derivatives. As a result, we have determined that our derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level II of the fair value hierarchy.
Liabilities of consolidated VIEs
Our consolidated VIE liabilities generally represent bonds that are not owned by us. The majority of these are either traded in the marketplace or can be analogized to similar securities that are traded in the marketplace. For these liabilities, pricing is considered to be Level II, where the valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments traded in active markets. We generally utilize third party pricing service providers for valuing these liabilities. In order to determine whether to utilize the valuations provided by third parties, we conduct an ongoing evaluation of their valuation methodologies and processes, as well as a review of the individual valuations themselves. In evaluating third party pricing for reasonableness, we consider a variety of factors, including market transaction information for the particular bond, market transaction information for bonds within the same trust, market transaction information for similar bonds, the bond’s ratings and the bond’s subordination levels.
For the minority portion of our consolidated VIE liabilities which consist of unrated or non-investment grade bonds that are not owned by us, pricing may be either Level II or Level III. If independent third party pricing similar to that noted above is available, we consider the valuation to be Level II. If such third party pricing is not available, the valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant unobservable assumptions, and we consider the valuation to be Level III. For VIE liabilities classified as Level III, valuation is determined based on discounted expected future cash flows which take into consideration expected duration and yields based on market transaction information, ratings, subordination levels, vintage and current market spread. VIE liabilities may shift between Level II and Level III of the fair value hierarchy if the significant fair value inputs used to price the VIE liabilities become or cease to be observable.
Assets of consolidated VIEs
The securitization VIEs in which we invest are “static”; that is, no reinvestment is permitted, and there is no active management of the underlying assets. In determining the fair value of the assets of the VIE, we maximize the use of observable inputs over unobservable inputs. The individual assets of a VIE are inherently incapable of precise measurement given their illiquid nature and the limitations on available information related to these assets. Because our methodology for valuing these assets does not value the individual assets of a VIE, but rather uses the value of the VIE liabilities as an indicator of the fair value of VIE assets as a whole, we have determined that our valuations of VIE assets in their entirety should be classified in Level III of the fair value hierarchy.
Fair Value Only Disclosed
We determine the fair value of our financial instruments and assets where fair value is disclosed as follows:
Loans held-for-investment
We estimate the fair values of our loans not carried at fair value on a recurring basis by discounting their expected cash flows at a rate we estimate would be demanded by the market participants that are most likely to buy our loans. The expected cash flows used are generally the same as those used to calculate our level yield income in the financial statements. Since these inputs are unobservable, we have determined that the fair value of these loans in their entirety would be classified in Level III of the fair value hierarchy.
HTM debt securities
We estimate the fair value of our mandatorily redeemable preferred equity interests in commercial real estate companies and infrastructure bonds using the same methodology described for our loans held-for-investment. We estimate the fair value of our HTM CMBS using the same methodology described for our CMBS carried at fair value on a recurring basis.
Secured financing agreements, CLOs and SASB
The fair value of the secured financing agreements, CLOs and SASB are determined by discounting the contractual cash flows at the interest rate we estimate such arrangements would bear if executed in the current market. We have determined that our valuation of these instruments should be classified in Level III of the fair value hierarchy.
Unsecured senior notes
The fair value of our unsecured senior notes is determined based on the last available bid price for the respective notes in the current market. As these prices represent observable market data, we have determined that the fair value of these instruments would be classified in Level II of the fair value hierarchy.
Loans Held-for-Investment
Loans Held-for-Investment
Loans that are held for investment (“HFI”) are carried at cost, net of unamortized acquisition premiums or discounts, loan fees and origination costs, as applicable, and net of credit loss allowances as discussed below, unless we have elected to apply the fair value option at purchase.
Loans Held-For-Sale
Loans Held-For-Sale
Our loans that we intend to sell or liquidate in the short-term are classified as held-for-sale and are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value, unless we have elected to apply the fair value option at origination or purchase. We periodically enter into derivative financial instruments to hedge unpredictable changes in fair value of loans held-for-sale, including changes resulting from both interest rates and credit quality. Because these derivatives are not designated, changes in their fair value are recorded in earnings. In order to best reflect the results of the hedged loan portfolio in earnings, we have elected the fair value option for these loans. As a result, changes in the fair value of the loans are also recorded in earnings.
Investment Securities
Investment Securities
We designate our debt investment securities as held-to-maturity (“HTM”), available-for-sale (“AFS”), or trading depending on our investment strategy and ability to hold such securities to maturity. HTM debt securities where we have not elected to apply the fair value option are stated at cost plus any premiums or discounts, which are amortized or accreted through the condensed consolidated statements of operations using the effective interest method. Debt securities we (i) do not hold for the purpose of selling in the near-term, or (ii) may dispose of prior to maturity, are classified as AFS and are carried at fair value in the accompanying financial statements. Unrealized gains or losses on AFS debt securities where we have not elected the fair value option are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) in stockholders’ equity. Our HTM and AFS debt securities are also subject to credit loss allowances as discussed below.
Our only equity investment security is carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses recorded in earnings.
Credit Losses
Credit Losses
Loans and Debt Securities Measured at Amortized Cost
ASC 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, became effective for the Company on January 1, 2020. ASC 326 mandates the use of a current expected credit loss model (“CECL”) for estimating future credit losses of certain financial instruments measured at amortized cost, instead of the “incurred loss” credit model previously required under GAAP. The CECL model requires the consideration of possible credit losses over the life of an instrument as opposed to only estimating credit losses upon the occurrence of a discrete loss event under the previous “incurred loss” methodology. The CECL model applies to our HFI loans and our HTM debt securities which are carried at amortized cost, including future funding commitments and accrued interest receivable related to those loans and securities. However, as permitted by ASC 326, we have elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable (which is classified separately on our condensed consolidated balance sheets), but rather write off in a timely manner by reversing interest income and/or cease accruing interest that would likely be uncollectible.
As we do not have a history of realized credit losses on our HFI loans and HTM securities, we have subscribed to third party database services to provide us with historical industry losses for both commercial real estate and infrastructure loans. Using these losses as a benchmark, we determine expected credit losses for our loans and securities on a collective basis within our commercial real estate and infrastructure portfolios. See Note 4 for further discussion of our methodologies.
We also evaluate each loan and security measured at amortized cost for credit deterioration at least quarterly. Credit deterioration occurs when it is deemed probable that we will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan or security. If a loan or security is considered to be credit deteriorated, we depart from the industry loss rate approach described above and determine the credit loss allowance as any excess of the amortized cost basis of the loan or security over (i) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the contractual effective interest rate or (ii) the fair value of the collateral, if repayment is expected solely from the collateral.
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities
Separate provisions of ASC 326 apply to our AFS debt securities, which are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of AOCI. We are required to establish an initial credit loss allowance for those securities that are purchased with credit deterioration (“PCD”) by grossing up the amortized cost basis of each security and providing an offsetting credit loss allowance for the difference between expected cash flows and contractual cash flows, both on a present value basis.
Subsequently, cumulative adverse changes in expected cash flows on our AFS debt securities are recognized currently as an increase to the allowance for credit losses. However, the allowance is limited to the amount by which the AFS debt security’s amortized cost exceeds its fair value. Favorable changes in expected cash flows are first recognized as a decrease to the allowance for credit losses (recognized currently in earnings). Such changes would be recognized as a prospective yield adjustment only when the allowance for credit losses is reduced to zero. A change in expected cash flows that is attributable solely to a change in a variable interest reference rate does not result in a credit loss and is accounted for as a prospective yield adjustment.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition
Interest Income
Interest income on performing loans and financial instruments is accrued based on the outstanding principal amount and contractual terms of the instrument. For loans where we do not elect the fair value option, origination fees and direct loan origination costs are also recognized in interest income over the loan term as a yield adjustment using the effective interest method. When we elect the fair value option, origination fees and direct loan costs are recorded directly in income and are not deferred. Discounts or premiums associated with the purchase of non-performing loans and investment securities are amortized or accreted into interest income as a yield adjustment on the effective interest method, based on expected cash flows through the expected maturity date of the investment. On at least a quarterly basis, we review and, if appropriate, make adjustments to our cash flow projections.
We cease accruing interest on non-performing loans at the earlier of (i) the loan becoming significantly past due or (ii) management concluding that a full recovery of all interest and principal is doubtful. Interest income on non-accrual loans in which management expects a full recovery of the loan’s outstanding principal balance is only recognized when received in cash. If full recovery of principal is doubtful or if collection of interest is less than probable, the cost recovery method is applied whereby any cash received is applied to the outstanding principal balance of the loan. A non-accrual loan is returned to accrual
status at such time as the loan becomes contractually current and management believes all future principal and interest will be received according to the contractual loan terms.
For loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality, interest income is only recognized to the extent that our estimate of undiscounted expected principal and interest exceeds our investment in the loan. Such excess, if any, is recognized as interest income on a level-yield basis over the life of the loan.
Upon the sale of loans or securities which are not accounted for pursuant to the fair value option, the excess (or deficiency) of net proceeds over the net carrying value of such loans or securities is recognized as a realized gain (loss).
Servicing Fees
We typically seek to be the special servicer on CMBS transactions in which we invest. When we are appointed to serve in this capacity, we earn special servicing fees from the related activities performed, which consist primarily of overseeing the workout of under-performing and non-performing loans underlying the CMBS transactions. These fees are recognized in income in the period in which the services are performed and the revenue recognition criteria have been met.
Rental Income
Rental income is recognized when earned from tenants. For leases that provide rent concessions or fixed escalations over the lease term, rental income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the noncancelable term of the lease. In net lease arrangements, costs reimbursable from tenants are recognized in rental income in the period in which the related expenses are incurred as we are generally the primary obligor with respect to purchasing goods and services for property operations. In instances where the tenant is responsible for property maintenance and repairs and contracts and settles such costs directly with third party service providers, we do not reflect those expenses in our consolidated statement of operations as the tenant is the primary obligor.
Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign Currency Translation
Our assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars using foreign currency exchange rates at the end of the reporting period. Income and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates for each reporting period. The effects of translating the assets, liabilities and income of our foreign investments held by entities with a U.S. dollar functional currency are included in foreign currency gain (loss) in the consolidated statements of operations. Realized foreign currency gains and losses and changes in the value of foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are included in the determination of net income and are reported as foreign currency gain (loss) in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code. The Company is subject to federal income taxation at corporate rates on its REIT taxable income, however, the Company is allowed a deduction for the amount of dividends paid to its stockholders in arriving at its REIT taxable income. As a result, distributed net income of the Company is subjected to taxation at the stockholder level only. The Company intends to continue operating in a manner that will permit it to maintain its qualification as a REIT for tax purposes.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The Company evaluates the realizability of its deferred tax assets and recognizes a valuation allowance if, based on the available evidence, both positive and negative, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of its deferred tax assets will not be realized. When evaluating the realizability of its deferred tax assets, the Company considers, among other matters, estimates of expected future taxable income, nature of current and cumulative losses, existing and projected book/tax differences, tax planning strategies available, and the general and industry specific economic outlook. This realizability analysis is inherently subjective, as it requires the Company to forecast its business and general economic environment in future periods.

We recognize tax positions in the financial statements only when it is more likely than not that, based on the technical merits of the tax position, the position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that will more likely than not be realized upon settlement. If, as a result of new events or information, a recognized tax position no longer is considered more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, a liability is established for the unrecognized benefit with a corresponding charge to income tax expense in our consolidated
statement of operations. We report interest and penalties, if any, related to income tax matters as a component of income tax expense.
Earnings Per Share
Earnings Per Share
We present both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) amounts in our financial statements. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the maximum potential dilution that could occur from (i) our share-based compensation, consisting of unvested restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) and restricted stock units (“RSUs and any outstanding discounted share purchase options under the Employee Stock Purchase Program (“ESPP”), (ii) shares contingently issuable to our Manager, (iii) the conversion options associated with our senior convertible notes (the “Convertible Notes”) (see Notes 11 and 18) and (iv) non-controlling interests that are redeemable with our common stock (see Note 17). Potential dilutive shares are excluded from the calculation if they have an anti-dilutive effect in the period.

Nearly all of the Company’s unvested RSUs and RSAs contain rights to receive non-forfeitable dividends and thus are participating securities. In addition, the non-controlling interests that are redeemable with our common stock are considered participating securities because they earn a preferred return indexed to the dividend rate on our common stock (see Note 17). Due to the existence of these participating securities, the two-class method of computing EPS is required, unless another method is determined to be more dilutive. Under the two-class method, undistributed earnings are reallocated between shares of common stock and participating securities. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the two-class method resulted in the most dilutive EPS calculation.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. The most significant and subjective estimate that we make is the projection of cash flows we expect to receive on our investments, which has a significant impact on the amount of income that we record and/or disclose. In addition, the fair value of assets and liabilities that are estimated using a discounted cash flows method is significantly impacted by the rates at which we estimate market participants would discount the expected cash flows. Amounts ultimately realized from our investments may vary significantly from the fair values presented.
We believe the estimates and assumptions underlying our consolidated financial statements are reasonable and supportable based on the information available as of September 30, 2023. Actual results may ultimately differ from those estimates.
Recent Accounting Developments
Recent Accounting Developments
On March 12, 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) – Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, and on January 11, 2021, issued ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) – Scope, both of which provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference LIBOR or other reference rates expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. These ASUs are effective through December 31, 2024, as extended by ASU 2022-06, Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848, issued by the FASB on December 21, 2022. The Company has not adopted any of the optional expedients or exceptions through September 30, 2023.
v3.23.3
Loans (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]  
Schedule of Investments in Mortgages and Loans by Subordination Class The following tables summarize our investments in mortgages and loans as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
September 30, 2023Carrying
Value
Face
Amount
Weighted
Average
Coupon (1)
Weighted
Average Life
(“WAL”)
(years)(2)
Loans held-for-investment:
Commercial loans:
First mortgages (3)$14,812,543 $14,887,200 9.0 %1.3
Subordinated mortgages (4)75,097 75,617 14.8 %1.1
Mezzanine loans (3)246,968 248,518 13.5 %1.6
Other87,193 88,339 9.6 %1.6
Total commercial loans15,221,801 15,299,674 
Infrastructure first priority loans 2,283,724 2,334,472 9.6 %4.0
Total loans held-for-investment17,505,525 17,634,146 
Loans held-for-sale:
Residential, fair value option 2,499,681 2,954,536 4.5 %N/A(5)
Commercial, fair value option
102,584 107,997 7.0 %6.1
Total loans held-for-sale2,602,265 3,062,533 
Total gross loans20,107,790 $20,696,679 
Credit loss allowances:
Commercial loans held-for-investment(261,914)
Infrastructure loans held-for-investment(9,406)
Total allowances(271,320)
Total net loans$19,836,470 
December 31, 2022
Loans held-for-investment:
Commercial loans:
First mortgages (3)$15,562,452 $15,648,358 7.9 %1.7
Subordinated mortgages (4)71,100 72,118 13.6 %1.8
Mezzanine loans (3)445,363 442,339 12.9 %1.0
Other58,393 59,393 8.2 %1.4
Total commercial loans16,137,308 16,222,208 
Infrastructure first priority loans2,363,544 2,395,762 8.6 %3.9
Total loans held-for-investment18,500,852 18,617,970 
Loans held-for-sale:
Residential, fair value option 2,763,458 3,092,915 4.5 %N/A(5)
Commercial, fair value option21,136 23,900 5.7 %8.6
Total loans held-for-sale2,784,594 3,116,815 
Total gross loans21,285,446 $21,734,785 
Credit loss allowances:
Commercial loans held-for-investment(88,801)
Infrastructure loans held-for-investment(10,612)
Total allowances(99,413)
Total net loans$21,186,033 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Calculated using applicable index rates as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for variable rate loans and excludes loans for which interest income is not recognized.
(2)Represents the WAL of each respective group of loans, excluding loans for which interest income is not recognized, as of the respective balance sheet date. The WAL of each individual loan is calculated using amounts and timing of future principal payments, as projected at origination or acquisition.
(3)First mortgages include first mortgage loans and any contiguous mezzanine loan components because as a whole, the expected credit quality of these loans is more similar to that of a first mortgage loan. The application of this methodology resulted in mezzanine loans with carrying values of $1.1 billion and $1.3 billion being classified as first mortgages as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
(4)Subordinated mortgages include B-Notes and junior participation in first mortgages where we do not own the senior A-Note or senior participation. If we own both the A-Note and B-Note, we categorize the loan as a first mortgage loan.
(5)Residential loans have a weighted average remaining contractual life of 28.0 years and 28.8 years as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Schedule of Variable Rate Loans Held-for-Investment
As of September 30, 2023, our variable rate loans held-for-investment, excluding loans for which interest income is not recognized, were as follows (dollars in thousands):
September 30, 2023Carrying
Value
Weighted-average
Spread Above Index
Commercial loans$14,532,060 4.0 %
Infrastructure loans2,281,923 4.1 %
Total variable rate loans held-for-investment$16,813,983 4.0 %
Schedule of Risk Ratings by Class of Loan
The significant credit quality indicators for our loans measured at amortized cost, which excludes loans held-for-sale, were as follows as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):
Term Loans
Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Revolving Loans
Amortized Cost
Total
Total
Amortized
Cost Basis
Credit
Loss
Allowance
As of September 30, 202320232022202120202019Prior
Commercial loans:
Credit quality indicator:
LTV < 60%$265,245 $1,937,607 $3,101,829 $188,077 $991,760 $206,365 $— $6,690,883 $24,768 
LTV 60% - 70%85,019 1,911,675 3,526,879 94,397 102,782 386,971 — 6,107,723 73,696 
LTV > 70%40,008 102,433 653,348 440,349 433,034 637,766 — 2,306,938 158,525 
Credit deteriorated— — — — — 29,065 — 29,065 4,925 
Defeased and other30,374 41,543 — — — 15,275 — 87,192 — 
Total commercial$420,646 $3,993,258 $7,282,056 $722,823 $1,527,576 $1,275,442 $— $15,221,801 $261,914 
Infrastructure loans:
Credit quality indicator:
Power$288,797 $— $107,644 $75,616 $278,309 $465,377 $5,757 $1,221,500 $3,722 
Oil and gas216,509 123,212 346,269 — 188,682 134,959 2,048 1,011,679 5,483 
Other48,744 — — — — — — 48,744 201 
Credit deteriorated— — — — — 1,801 — 1,801 — 
Total infrastructure$554,050 $123,212 $453,913 $75,616 $466,991 $602,137 $7,805 $2,283,724 $9,406 
Loans held-for-sale2,602,265 — 
Total gross loans$20,107,790 $271,320 
Schedule of Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses
The following tables present the activity in our credit loss allowance for funded loans and unfunded commitments (amounts in thousands):
Funded Commitments Credit Loss Allowance
Loans Held-for-InvestmentTotal
Funded Loans
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
CommercialInfrastructure
Credit loss allowance at December 31, 2022$88,801 $10,612 $99,413 
Credit loss provision, net187,775 9,900 197,675 
Charge-offs (1)(14,662)(11,106)(25,768)
Credit loss allowance at September 30, 2023$261,914 $9,406 $271,320 
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Represents the charge-off of (i) a $14.7 million credit loss allowance related to the portion of a credit deteriorated commercial mortgage loan on an office and retail complex in Arizona deemed uncollectible and (ii) an $11.1 million credit loss allowance related to the portion of a credit deteriorated infrastructure loan participation collateralized by a first priority lien on two natural gas fired power plants near Chicago, which was deemed uncollectible due to a third party’s nearly complete acquisition of the power plants (see discussion of both above). Such loans were originated in 2015 and 2017, respectively, with the infrastructure loan acquired as part of the Infrastructure Lending Segment acquisition in 2018.

Unfunded Commitments Credit Loss Allowance (1)
Loans Held-for-InvestmentHTM Preferred
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
CommercialInfrastructureInterests (2)CMBS (2)Total
Credit loss allowance at December 31, 2022$9,749 $72 $— $52 $9,873 
Credit loss provision, net
3,141 342 6,695 88 10,266 
Credit loss allowance at September 30, 2023$12,890 $414 $6,695 $140 $20,139 
Memo: Unfunded commitments as of September 30, 2023 (3)
$1,362,554 $46,183 $19,543 $33,806 $1,462,086 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.
(2)See Note 5 for further details.
(3)Represents amounts expected to be funded (see Note 22).
Schedule of Activity in Loan Portfolio
The activity in our loan portfolio was as follows (amounts in thousands):
Held-for-Investment Loans
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
CommercialInfrastructureResidentialHeld-for-Sale LoansTotal Loans
Balance at December 31, 2022$16,048,507 $2,352,932 $— $2,784,594 $21,186,033 
Acquisitions/originations/additional funding1,053,627 605,397 — 363,520 2,022,544 
Capitalized interest (1)91,641 389 — 172 92,202 
Basis of loans sold (2)(53,000)— — (337,321)(390,321)
Loan maturities/principal repayments(1,903,021)(683,053)— (137,916)(2,723,990)
Discount accretion/premium amortization40,733 10,298 — — 51,031 
Changes in fair value— — — (111,247)(111,247)
Foreign currency translation loss, net
(48,362)(1,745)— — (50,107)
Credit loss provision, net(187,775)(9,900)— — (197,675)
Loan foreclosure(41,071)— — (929)(42,000)(3)
Transfer to/from other asset classifications or between segments(41,392)— — 41,392 — 
Balance at September 30, 2023$14,959,887 $2,274,318 $— $2,602,265 $19,836,470 
Held-for-Investment Loans
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
CommercialInfrastructureResidentialHeld-for-Sale LoansTotal Loans
Balance at December 31, 2021$13,450,198 $2,027,426 $59,225 $2,876,800 $18,413,649 
Acquisitions/originations/additional funding4,410,306 597,092 — 3,793,467 8,800,865 
Capitalized interest (1)85,454 373 1,445 402 87,674 
Basis of loans sold (2)(6,330)— — (4,056,511)(4,062,841)
Loan maturities/principal repayments(1,558,907)(246,127)(6,663)(146,184)(1,957,881)
Discount accretion/premium amortization40,179 7,289 — — 47,468 
Changes in fair value— — (485)(326,252)(326,737)
Foreign currency translation loss, net(612,669)(4,530)— — (617,199)
Credit loss provision, net(18,262)(7,079)— — (25,341)
Loan foreclosure and equity control(50,151)— — — (50,151)(4)
Transfer to/from other asset classifications or between segments(63,616)— (346)63,962 — 
Balance at September 30, 2022$15,676,202 $2,374,444 $53,176 $2,205,684 $20,309,506 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Represents accrued interest income on loans whose terms do not require current payment of interest.
(2)See Note 12 for additional disclosure on these transactions.
(3)Represents the $41.1 million carrying value of a mortgage loan on the retail portion of a hotel located in Chicago foreclosed in May 2023 (see discussion above) and $0.9 million in residential mortgage loans foreclosed.
(4)Represents the net carrying value of first mortgage and contiguous mezzanine loans related to an office building in Texas that is eliminated as a result of consolidating the net assets of the mezzanine borrower entity upon obtaining control over its pledged equity interests in May 2022.
v3.23.3
Investment Securities (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Schedule of Investment Securities
Investment securities were comprised of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Carrying Value as of
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
RMBS, available-for-sale$102,076 $113,386 
RMBS, fair value option (1)451,191 423,183 
CMBS, fair value option (1), (2)1,209,336 1,262,846 
HTM debt securities, amortized cost net of credit loss allowance of $12,994 and $3,182
591,948 673,470 
Equity security, fair value8,829 9,840 
SubtotalInvestment securities
2,363,380 2,482,725 
VIE eliminations (1)(1,641,787)(1,666,921)
Total investment securities$721,593 $815,804 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Certain fair value option CMBS and RMBS are eliminated in consolidation against VIE liabilities pursuant to ASC 810.
(2)Includes $187.3 million and $198.9 million of non-controlling interests in the consolidated entities which hold certain of these CMBS as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Schedule of Purchases, Sales and Redemptions, and Principal Collections for All Investment Securities
Purchases, sales and redemptions, and principal collections for all investment securities were as follows (amounts in thousands):
RMBS,
available-for-sale
RMBS, fair
value option
CMBS, fair
value option
HTM
Securities
Equity
Security
Securitization
VIEs (1)
Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Purchases/fundings$— $— $— $5,536 $— $— $5,536 
Sales and redemptions549 — — — 878 — 1,427 
Principal collections2,468 12,979 746 33,762 — (13,624)36,331 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Purchases/fundings$— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Sales and redemptions— — — — — — 
Principal collections3,412 16,914 5,118 609 — (21,802)4,251 
RMBS,
available-for-sale
RMBS, fair
value option
CMBS, fair
value option
HTM
Securities
Equity
Security
Securitization
VIEs (1)
Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Purchases/fundings$— $— $— $6,988 $— $— $6,988 
Sales and redemptions549 — — — 1,173 — 1,722 
Principal collections7,451 41,776 12,980 79,543 — (54,071)87,679 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Purchases/fundings$— $226,152 $63,681 $86,058 $— $(289,833)$86,058 
Sales and redemptions— — — — — — — 
Principal collections16,200 58,843 6,394 2,549 — (64,555)19,431 
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Represents RMBS and CMBS, fair value option amounts eliminated due to our consolidation of securitization VIEs. These amounts are reflected as issuance or repayment of debt of, or distributions from, consolidated VIEs in our consolidated statements of cash flows.
Schedule of Investments in Available-for-Sale RMBS
The tables below summarize various attributes of our investments in available-for-sale RMBS as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Unrealized Gains or (Losses)
Recognized in AOCI
Amortized
Cost
Credit
Loss
Allowance
Net
Basis
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Net
Fair Value
Adjustment
Fair Value
September 30, 2023
RMBS$87,962 $— $87,962 $17,182 $(3,068)$14,114 $102,076 
December 31, 2022
RMBS$92,431 $— $92,431 $21,765 $(810)$20,955 $113,386 
Weighted Average Coupon (1)WAL 
(Years) (2)
September 30, 2023
RMBS5.8 %7.4
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Calculated using the September 30, 2023 SOFR rate of 5.319% for floating rate securities.
(2)Represents the remaining WAL of each respective group of securities as of the balance sheet date. The WAL of each individual security is calculated using projected amounts and projected timing of future principal payments.
Schedule of Gross Unrealized Losses and Estimated Fair Value of Securities with No Recorded Allowance for Credit Loss
The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of any available-for-sale securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded (amounts in thousands):
Estimated Fair ValueUnrealized Losses
Securities with a
loss less than
12 months
Securities with a
loss greater than
12 months
Securities with a
loss less than
12 months
Securities with a
loss greater than
12 months
As of September 30, 2023
RMBS$11,098 $6,077 $(1,626)$(1,442)
As of December 31, 2022
RMBS$6,961 $1,889 $(502)$(308)
Schedule of Investments in HTM Securities
The table below summarizes our investments in HTM debt securities as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Amortized
Cost Basis
Credit Loss
Allowance
Net Carrying
Amount
Gross Unrealized
Holding Gains
Gross Unrealized
Holding Losses
Fair Value
September 30, 2023
CMBS$569,867 $(492)$569,375 $79 $(28,474)$540,980 
Preferred interests5,411 (2,420)2,991 125 (1,170)1,946 
Infrastructure bonds29,664 (10,082)19,582 33 (18)19,597 
Total$604,942 $(12,994)$591,948 $237 $(29,662)$562,523 
December 31, 2022
CMBS$577,681 $(172)$577,509 $30 $(30,424)$547,115 
Preferred interests29,757 — 29,757 125 (4,863)25,019 
Infrastructure bonds69,214 (3,010)66,204 47 (1,110)65,141 
Total$676,652 $(3,182)$673,470 $202 $(36,397)$637,275 
Schedule of Activity in Credit Loss Allowance for HTM Debt Securities
The following table presents the activity in our credit loss allowance for HTM debt securities (amounts in thousands):
CMBSPreferred
Interests
Infrastructure
Bonds
Total HTM
Credit Loss
Allowance
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Credit loss allowance at December 31, 2022$172 $— $3,010 $3,182 
Credit loss provision, net320 2,420 7,072 9,812 
Credit loss allowance at September 30, 2023$492 $2,420 $10,082 $12,994 
Schedule of Maturities of our HTM Debt Securities The table below summarizes the maturities of our HTM debt securities by type as of September 30, 2023 (amounts in thousands):
CMBSPreferred
Interests
Infrastructure
Bonds
Total
Less than one year$96,520 $— $— $96,520 
One to three years428,684 2,991 332 432,007 
Three to five years44,171 — 10,136 54,307 
Thereafter— — 9,114 9,114 
Total$569,375 $2,991 $19,582 $591,948 
v3.23.3
Properties (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Real Estate [Abstract]  
Schedule of Properties
The table below summarizes our properties held as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
Depreciable LifeSeptember 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Property Segment
Land and land improvements
0 - 15 years
$176,140 $176,029 
Buildings and building improvements
0 - 45 years
864,314 856,411 
Furniture & fixtures
3 - 5 years
606 446 
Investing and Servicing Segment
Land and land improvements
0 - 15 years
27,334 34,613 
Buildings and building improvements
3 - 40 years
89,434 122,384 
Furniture & fixtures
2 - 5 years
2,858 3,207 
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment
Land and land improvements
N/A
95,603 99,043 
Buildings and building improvements
0 - 50 years
113,467 79,661 
Construction in progress
N/A
266,833 287,701 
Properties, cost1,636,589 1,659,495 
Less: accumulated depreciation(230,798)(209,509)
Properties, net$1,405,791 $1,449,986 
v3.23.3
Investments of Consolidated Affordable Housing Fund (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Schedule of Investment Income
Income from the Woodstar Fund’s investments reflects the following components for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023
2022
2023
2022
Distributions from affordable housing fund investments
$14,709 $7,112 $35,514 $29,777 
Unrealized change in fair value of investments (1)
2,199 110,415 218,182 628,956 
Income from affordable housing fund investments
$16,908 $117,527 $253,696 $658,733 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)The fair value of the Woodstar Fund’s investments are dependent upon the real estate and capital markets, which are cyclical in nature. Property and investment values are affected by, among other things, capitalization rates, the availability of capital, occupancy, rental rates and interest and inflation rates.
v3.23.3
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities​ (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Schedule of Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
The table below summarizes our investments in unconsolidated entities as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
Participation /
Ownership % (1)
Carrying value as of
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Equity method investments:
Equity interest in two natural gas power plants
10% - 12%
$47,763 $46,618 
Investor entity which owns equity in an online real estate company50%5,495 5,457 
Equity interest in a residential mortgage originator (2)N/A— 1,449 
Various
20% - 50%
16,796 15,377 
70,054 68,901 
Other equity investments:
Equity interest in a servicing and advisory business2%12,955 12,955 
Investment funds which own equity in a loan servicer and other real estate assets
4% - 6%
940 940 
Investor entities which own equity interests in two entertainment and retail centers (3)15%6,201 7,322 
Various
1% - 3%
1,774 1,774 
21,870 22,991 
$91,924 $91,892 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)None of these investments are publicly traded and therefore quoted market prices are not available.
(2)In January 2023, we sold our ownership interest to an unaffiliated third party.
(3)In March 2021, we obtained equity interests in two investor entities that own interests in two entertainment and retail centers in satisfaction of $7.3 million principal amount of a commercial loan. The interests were obtained in order to facilitate repayment of a portion of that loan for which these interests represented underlying collateral. The interests are entitled to preferred treatment in the distribution waterfall and are intended to repay us the $7.3 million principal amount of the loan plus interest. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we received a $1.1 million distribution from an investor entity which was considered a return of capital and reduced the carrying value of that investment. See further discussion in Notes 4 and 24.
v3.23.3
Goodwill and Intangibles (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Intangibles Assets
The following table summarizes our intangible assets, which are comprised of servicing rights intangibles and lease intangibles, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
As of September 30, 2023As of December 31, 2022
Gross Carrying
Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Value
Gross Carrying
Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Value
Domestic servicing rights, at fair value$18,188 $— $18,188 $17,790 $— $17,790 
In-place lease intangible assets97,913 (67,548)30,365 98,622 (64,246)34,376 
Favorable lease intangible assets28,859 (11,423)17,436 26,649 (10,042)16,607 
Total net intangible assets$144,960 $(78,971)$65,989 $143,061 $(74,288)$68,773 
Schedule of Activity within Intangible Assets
The following table summarizes the activity within intangible assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 (amounts in thousands):
Domestic
Servicing
Rights
In-place Lease
Intangible
Assets
Favorable Lease
Intangible
Assets
Total
Balance as of January 1, 2023$17,790 $34,376 $16,607 $68,773 
Acquisition (1)— 2,061 2,280 4,341 
Amortization— (5,221)(1,451)(6,672)
Sales— (851)— (851)
Changes in fair value due to changes in inputs and assumptions398 — — 398 
Balance as of September 30, 2023$18,188 $30,365 $17,436 $65,989 
______________________________________________
(1)    Represents lease intangibles related to a deed in lieu of foreclosure on a mortgage loan on the retail portion of a hotel located in Chicago in May 2023 (see Note 4).
Schedule of Future Amortization Expense
The following table sets forth the estimated aggregate amortization of our in-place lease intangible assets and favorable lease intangible assets for the next five years and thereafter (amounts in thousands):
2023 (remainder of)$2,071 
20247,241 
20256,136 
20264,610 
20274,116 
Thereafter23,627 
Total$47,801 
v3.23.3
Secured Borrowings (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Secured Debt [Abstract]  
Schedule of Secured Financing Agreements
The following table is a summary of our secured financing agreements in place as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
Outstanding Balance at
Current
Maturity
   
Extended
Maturity (a)
   Weighted Average
Pricing
Pledged Asset
Carrying Value
Maximum
Facility Size
   September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Repurchase Agreements:
Commercial LoansOct 2023 to Jun 2028
(b)
Oct 2025 to Dec 2030
(b)
Index + 2.02%
(c)
$10,197,141 $12,039,568 
(d)
$6,768,758 $7,746,867 
Residential LoansDec 2023 to Sep 2025Mar 2024 to Sep 2025
SOFR + 1.97%
2,509,325 3,200,000 2,321,057 1,912,774 
Infrastructure LoansSep 2024Sep 2026
SOFR + 2.07%
397,130 650,000 333,119 290,431 
Conduit LoansDec 2023 to Jun 2026Dec 2024 to Jun 2027
SOFR + 2.07%
68,058 388,937 53,059 8,423 
CMBS/RMBSJun 2024 to Apr 2032
(e)
Sep 2024 to Oct 2032
(e)
(f)1,481,324 1,061,603 757,089 
(g)
840,625 
Total Repurchase Agreements14,652,978 17,340,108 10,233,082 10,799,120 
Other Secured Financing:
Borrowing Base FacilityNov 2024Oct 2026
SOFR + 2.11%
47,724 750,000 
(h)
3,920 — 
Commercial Financing FacilitiesDec 2023 to Aug 2028Jul 2025 to Dec 2030
Index + 2.16%
502,694 553,319 
(i)
355,962 311,825 
Residential Financing FacilityN/AN/A
N/A
— — — 244,418 
Infrastructure Financing FacilitiesJun 2025 to Oct 2025Jun 2027 to Jul 2032
Index + 2.14%
857,350 1,550,000 608,847 765,265 
Property Mortgages - Fixed rateOct 2025 to Oct 2027
(j)
N/A4.40%326,161 224,898 224,898 261,100 
Property Mortgages - Variable rateNov 2024 to Dec 2027N/A(k)965,870 849,328 846,946 847,633 
Term Loans and Revolver(l)N/A(l) N/A
(l)
1,520,275 1,370,275 1,380,766 
Total Other Secured Financing2,699,799 5,447,820 3,410,848 3,811,007 
$17,352,777 $22,787,928 13,643,930 14,610,127 
Unamortized net discount(26,039)(30,320)
Unamortized deferred financing costs(60,010)(78,275)
$13,557,881 $14,501,532 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(a)Subject to certain conditions as defined in the respective facility agreement.
(b)For certain facilities, borrowings collateralized by loans existing at maturity may remain outstanding until such loan collateral matures, subject to certain specified conditions.
(c)Certain facilities with an outstanding balance of $2.7 billion as of September 30, 2023 are indexed to EURIBOR, BBSY, SARON and SONIA. The remainder are indexed to SOFR.
(d)Certain facilities with an aggregate initial maximum facility size of $11.9 billion may be increased to $12.0 billion, subject to certain conditions. The $12.0 billion amount includes such upsizes.
(e)Certain facilities with an outstanding balance of $348.0 million as of September 30, 2023 carry a rolling 11-month or 12-month term which may reset monthly or quarterly with the lender’s consent. These facilities carry no maximum facility size.
(f)A facility with an outstanding balance of $259.5 million as of September 30, 2023 has a weighted average fixed annual interest rate of 3.27%. All other facilities are variable rate with a weighted average rate of SOFR + 2.21%.
(g)Includes: (i) $259.5 million outstanding on a repurchase facility that is not subject to margin calls; and (ii) $40.6 million outstanding on one of our repurchase facilities that represents the 49% pro rata share owed by a non-controlling partner in a consolidated joint venture (see Note 15).
(h)The maximum facility size as of September 30, 2023 of $450.0 million may be increased to $750.0 million, subject to certain conditions.
(i)Certain facilities with an aggregate initial maximum facility size of $453.3 million may be increased to $553.3 million, subject to certain conditions. The $553.3 million amount includes such upsizes.
(j)The weighted average maturity is 3.8 years as of September 30, 2023.
(k)Includes a $600.0 million first mortgage and mezzanine loan secured by our Medical Office Portfolio. This debt has a weighted average interest rate of SOFR + 2.07% that we swapped to a fixed rate of 3.34%. The remainder have a weighted average rate of SOFR + 3.36%.
(l)Consists of: (i) a $774.8 million term loan facility that matures in July 2026, of which $384.0 million has an annual interest rate of SOFR + 2.60% and $390.8 million has an annual interest rate of SOFR + 3.35%, subject to a 0.75% SOFR floor, (ii) a $150.0 million revolving credit facility that matures in April 2026 with an annual interest rate of SOFR + 2.60% and (iii) a $595.5 million term loan facility that matures in November 2027, with an annual interest rate of SOFR + 3.25%, subject to a 0.50% SOFR floor. These facilities are secured by the equity interests in certain of our subsidiaries which totaled $5.7 billion as of September 30, 2023.
Schedule of Collateralized Loan Obligations
The following table is a summary of our CLOs and our SASB as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
September 30, 2023CountFace
Amount
Carrying
Value
Weighted
Average Spread
Maturity
STWD 2022-FL3
Collateral assets50$999,998 $1,009,424 
SOFR + 3.53%
(a)April 2026(b)
Financing1842,500 840,414 
SOFR + 1.93%
(c)November 2038(d)
STWD 2021-HTS
Collateral assets1230,000 231,293 
SOFR + 3.87%
(a)April 2026(b)
Financing1210,091 209,639 
SOFR + 2.75%
(c)April 2034(d)
STWD 2021-FL2
Collateral assets361,275,042 1,288,073 
Index + 3.94%
(a)November 2025(b)
Financing11,077,375 1,074,437 
SOFR + 1.85%
(c)April 2038(d)
STWD 2019-FL1
Collateral assets14737,444 747,484 
Index + 3.49%
(a)April 2025(b)
Financing1578,016 578,016 
SOFR + 1.64%
(c)July 2038(d)
STWD 2021-SIF2
Collateral assets30498,888 513,296 
SOFR + 3.87%
(a)January 2028(b)
Financing1410,000 407,940 
SOFR + 2.11%
(c)January 2033(d)
STWD 2021-SIF1
Collateral assets31499,203 513,618 
SOFR + 3.98%
(a)August 2027(b)
Financing1410,000 407,828 
SOFR + 2.22%
(c)April 2032(d)
Total
Collateral assets$4,240,575 $4,303,188 
Financing$3,527,982 $3,518,274 
December 31, 2022CountFace
Amount
Carrying
Value
Weighted
Average Spread
Maturity
STWD 2022-FL3
Collateral assets51$1,000,000 $1,010,051 
Index + 3.52%
(a)February 2026(b)
Financing1842,500 842,374 
SOFR + 1.93%
(c)November 2038(d)
STWD 2021-HTS
Collateral assets1230,000 231,186 
LIBOR + 3.85%
(a)April 2026(b)
Financing1210,091 208,961 
LIBOR + 2.71%
(c)April 2034(d)
STWD 2021-FL2
Collateral assets361,277,474 1,284,240 
Index + 4.04%
(a)June 2025(b)
Financing11,077,375 1,072,403 
LIBOR + 1.80%
(c)April 2038(d)
STWD 2019-FL1
Collateral assets16902,799 906,409 
Index + 3.67%
(a)December 2024(b)
Financing1739,174 738,473 
SOFR + 1.64%
(c)July 2038(d)
STWD 2021-SIF2
Collateral assets31495,587 510,730 
Index + 3.73%
(a)February 2027(b)
Financing1410,000 407,260 
 SOFR + 2.11%
(c)January 2033(d)
STWD 2021-SIF1
Collateral assets31495,781 511,471 
Index + 3.76%
(a)November 2026(b)
Financing1410,000 406,753 
LIBOR + 2.15%
(c)April 2032(d)
Total
Collateral assets$4,401,641 $4,454,087 
Financing$3,689,140 $3,676,224 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(a)Represents the weighted-average coupon earned on variable rate loans during the respective year-to-date period. Of the loans financed by the STWD 2021-FL2 CLO as of September 30, 2023, 6% earned fixed-rate weighted average interest of 7.40%. Of the investments financed by the STWD 2021-SIF1 CLO as of September 30, 2023, 2% earned fixed-rate weighted average interest of 5.70%.
(b)Represents the weighted-average maturity, assuming the extended contractual maturity of the collateral assets.
(c)Represents the weighted-average cost of financing incurred during the respective year-to-date period, inclusive of deferred issuance costs.
(d)Repayments of the CLOs and SASB are tied to timing of the related collateral asset repayments. The term of the CLOs and SASB financing obligations represents the legal final maturity date.
Schedule of Five-Year Principal Repayments for Secured Financings The following table sets forth our principal repayments schedule for secured financings based on the earlier of (i) the extended contractual maturity of each credit facility or (ii) the extended contractual maturity of each of the investments that have been pledged as collateral under the respective credit facility (amounts in thousands):
Repurchase
Agreements
Other Secured
Financing
CLOs and SASB (a)Total
2023 (remainder of)$284,742 $6,137 $212,438 $503,317 
20242,025,069 628,757 301,307 2,955,133 
20252,073,125 291,132 1,015,613 3,379,870 
20262,146,190 871,513 1,679,387 4,697,090 
20273,283,708 1,426,009 123,920 4,833,637 
Thereafter420,248 187,300 195,317 802,865 
Total$10,233,082 $3,410,848 $3,527,982 $17,171,912 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(a)For the CLOs, the above does not assume utilization of their reinvestment features. The SASB does not have a reinvestment feature.
v3.23.3
Unsecured Senior Notes (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Debt Instruments [Abstract]  
Schedule of Unsecured Convertible Senior Notes Outstanding
The following table is a summary of our unsecured senior notes outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
Coupon
Rate
Effective
Rate (1)
Maturity
Date
Remaining
Period of
Amortization
Carrying Value at
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
2023 Convertible Notes4.38 %4.57 %4/1/20230.0 years— 250,000 
2027 Convertible Notes6.75 %7.48 %7/15/20273.8 years380,750 — 
2023 Senior Notes5.50 %5.71 %11/1/20230.1 years300,000 300,000 
2024 Senior Notes3.75 %3.94 %12/31/20241.3 years400,000 400,000 
2025 Senior Notes4.75 %(2)5.04 %3/15/20251.5 years500,000 500,000 
2026 Senior Notes3.63 %3.77 %7/15/20262.8 years400,000 400,000 
2027 Senior Notes4.38 %(3)4.49 %1/15/20273.3 years500,000 500,000 
Total principal amount2,480,750 2,350,000 
Unamortized discount—Convertible Notes(9,085)(118)
Unamortized discount—Senior Notes(6,276)(9,051)
Unamortized deferred financing costs(8,806)(11,620)
Total carrying amount$2,456,583 $2,329,211 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Effective rate includes the effects of underwriter purchase discount.
(2)The coupon on the 2025 Senior Notes is 4.75%.  At closing, we swapped $470.0 million of the notes to a floating rate of LIBOR + 2.53%, which was converted to SOFR + 2.53% effective July 2023.
(3)The coupon on the 2027 Senior Notes is 4.375%.  At closing, we swapped the notes to a floating rate of SOFR + 2.95%.
Schedule of Conversion Attributes on Convertible Notes Outstanding
The following table details the conversion attributes of our Convertible Notes outstanding as of September 30, 2023 (amounts in thousands, except rates):
September 30, 2023
ConversionConversion
Rate (1)Price (2)
2027 Convertible Notes48.1783$20.76 

(1)    The conversion rate represents the number of shares of common stock issuable per $1,000 principal amount of 2027
Convertible Notes converted, as adjusted in accordance with the indenture governing the 2027 Convertible Notes
(including the applicable supplemental indenture).

(2)    As of September 30, 2023, the market price of the Company's common stock was $19.35.
v3.23.3
Loan Securitization/Sale Activities (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Loan Securitization/Sale Activities  
Schedule of Face Amount and Proceeds of Loans
The following summarizes the face amount and proceeds of commercial and residential loans securitized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Commercial LoansResidential Loans
Face AmountProceedsFace AmountProceeds
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
2023$119,764 $123,633 $— $— 
202233,000 30,957 — — 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023$292,651 $294,951 $— $— 
20221,038,889 1,022,754 1,905,829 1,913,459 
Schedule of Loans Sold The following table summarizes our loans sold by the Commercial and Residential Lending Segment, net of expenses (amounts in thousands):
Loan Transfers Accounted for as Sales
Commercial LoansResidential Loans
For the Three Months Ended September 30,Face amount (1)Proceeds (1)
Face Amount
Proceeds
2023$42,496 $42,370 $— $— 
202263,656 64,539 1,152 1,141 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023$95,496 $95,282 $— $— 
202270,636 71,008 1,057,013 1,056,683 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we sold $42.5 million and $95.5 million, respectively, of mezzanine loans at par less costs to sell. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we sold $63.7 million of whole loan interests for proceeds of $64.5 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we also sold $7.0 million of senior interests in first mortgage loans for proceeds of $6.5 million.
v3.23.3
Derivatives and Hedging Activity (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Non-Designated Derivatives
The following table summarizes our non-designated derivatives as of September 30, 2023 (notional amounts in thousands):

Type of DerivativeNumber of ContractsAggregate Notional AmountNotional CurrencyMaturity
Fx contracts – Buy Euros (“EUR”)1145,627 EUROctober 2023 - April 2026
Fx contracts – Buy Pounds Sterling (“GBP”)18122,142 GBPOctober 2023 - January 2027
Fx contracts – Buy Australian dollar (“AUD”)5379,571 AUDOctober 2024 - January 2026
Fx contracts – Sell EUR194824,687 EUROctober 2023 - February 2027
Fx contracts – Sell GBP205648,549 GBPOctober 2023 - April 2027
Fx contracts – Sell AUD1101,070,581 AUDOctober 2023 - October 2026
Fx contracts – Sell Swiss Franc (“CHF”)7320,891 CHFNovember 2023 - November 2025
Interest rate swaps – Paying fixed rates564,385,516 USDApril 2024 - September 2033
Interest rate swaps – Receiving fixed rates2970,000 USDMarch 2025 - January 2027
Interest rate caps4624,666 USDNovember 2023 - April 2025
Interest rate caps161,000 GBPApril 2024
Credit instruments349,000 USDSeptember 2058 - August 2061
Interest rate swap guarantees1102,331 USDJune 2025
Total683
Schedule of Fair Value of Derivatives
The table below presents the fair value of our derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
Fair Value of Derivatives
in an Asset Position (1) as of
Fair Value of Derivatives
in a Liability Position (2) as of
September 30,
2023
December 31, 2022
September 30,
2023
December 31, 2022
Interest rate contracts$12,070 $10,756 $69,756 $69,776 
Foreign exchange contracts119,908 97,289 15,901 21,628 
Credit instruments1,038 576 — — 
Total derivatives$133,016 $108,621 $85,657 $91,404 
___________________________________________________
(1)Classified as derivative assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2)Classified as derivative liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Schedule of Effect of Derivative Financial Instruments
The table below presents the effect of our derivative financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):

Derivatives Not Designated
as Hedging Instruments
Location of Gain (Loss) 
Recognized in Income
Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income for the
Three Months Ended September 30,
Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income for the
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Interest rate contractsGain on derivative financial instruments, net$46,255 $78,508 $99,788 $218,698 
Interest rate swap guaranteesGain on derivative financial instruments, net— — — 260 
Foreign exchange contractsGain on derivative financial instruments, net48,549 127,358 18,412 242,042 
Credit instrumentsGain on derivative financial instruments, net79 204 231 921 
$94,883 $206,070 $118,431 $461,921 
v3.23.3
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Offsetting [Abstract]  
Schedule of Offsetting Assets and Liabilities
The following tables present the potential effects of netting arrangements on our financial position for financial assets and liabilities within the scope of ASC 210-20, Balance Sheet—Offsetting, which for us are derivative assets and liabilities as well as repurchase agreement liabilities (amounts in thousands):
(ii)  
Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Statement of
Financial Position
(iii) = (i) - (ii)
Net Amounts
Presented in
the Statement of
Financial Position
(iv)
Gross Amounts Not
Offset in the Statement
of Financial Position
(i)
Gross Amounts
Recognized
Financial
Instruments
Cash Collateral
Received / Pledged
(v) = (iii) - (iv)
Net Amount
As of September 30, 2023
Derivative assets$133,016 $— $133,016 $82,124 $— $50,892 
Derivative liabilities$85,657 $— $85,657 $82,124 $3,533 $— 
Repurchase agreements10,233,082 — 10,233,082 10,233,082 — — 
$10,318,739 $— $10,318,739 $10,315,206 $3,533 $— 
As of December 31, 2022
Derivative assets$108,621 $— $108,621 $69,221 $— $39,400 
Derivative liabilities$91,404 $— $91,404 $69,221 $22,183 $— 
Repurchase agreements10,799,120 — 10,799,120 10,799,120 — — 
$10,890,524 $— $10,890,524 $10,868,341 $22,183 $— 
v3.23.3
Variable Interest Entities (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Variable Interest Entities  
Schedule of Assets and Liabilities of our Consolidated CLO
The following table details the assets and liabilities of our consolidated CLOs and SASB as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$34,825 $31,611 
Loans held-for-investment4,223,445 4,365,791 
Investment securities10,487 36,466 
Accrued interest receivable25,894 20,088 
Other assets8,537 131 
Total Assets$4,303,188 $4,454,087 
Liabilities
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities$20,382 $17,737 
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net3,518,274 3,676,224 
Total Liabilities$3,538,656 $3,693,961 
v3.23.3
Stockholders' Equity and Non-Controlling Interests (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Schedule of Dividends Declared by Board of Directors During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, our board of directors declared the following dividends:
Declaration DateRecord DateEx-Dividend DatePayment DateAmountFrequency
9/15/239/30/239/29/2310/16/23$0.48 Quarterly
6/15/236/30/236/29/237/17/230.48 Quarterly
3/16/233/31/233/30/234/14/230.48 Quarterly
Schedule of Share Awards Granted Under the Manager Equity Plan
The table below summarizes our share awards granted or vested under the 2017 and 2022 Manager Equity Plans during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):
Grant DateTypeAmount GrantedGrant Date Fair ValueVesting Period
November 2022RSU1,500,000 $31,605 3 years
November 2020RSU1,800,000 $30,078 3 years
September 2019RSU1,200,000 29,484 (1)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Of the amount granted, 218,898 vested immediately on the grant date and the remaining amount vests over a three-year period.
Schedule of Non-Vested Shares and Share Equivalents
Schedule of Non-Vested Shares and Share Equivalents (1)

Equity Plan

Manager
Equity Plan
TotalWeighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value (per share)
Balance as of January 1, 2023
2,513,847 1,825,000 4,338,847 $20.65 
Granted914,694 — 914,694 18.93 
Vested(687,743)(825,000)(1,512,743)18.35 
Forfeited(169,070)— (169,070)22.76 
Balance as of September 30, 20232,571,728 1,000,000 3,571,728 21.08 
(1)    Equity-based award activity for awards granted under the 2017 and 2022 Equity Plans is reflected within the Equity Plan column, and for awards granted under the 2017 and 2022 Manager Equity Plans, within the Manager Equity Plan column.
v3.23.3
Earnings per Share (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Schedule of Reconciliation of Net Income and Number of Shares used in Computation of Earnings Per Share
The following table provides a reconciliation of net income and the number of shares of common stock used in the computation of basic EPS and diluted EPS (amounts in thousands, except per share amounts):
For the Three Months Ended
September 30,
For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2023202220232022
Basic Earnings
Income attributable to STWD common stockholders$47,435 $194,562 $268,252 $731,448 
Less: Income attributable to participating shares not already deducted as non-controlling interests(1,510)(2,929)(4,962)(15,673)
Basic earnings$45,925 $191,633 $263,290 $715,775 
Diluted Earnings
Income attributable to STWD common stockholders$47,435 $194,562 $268,252 $731,448 
Less: Income attributable to participating shares not already deducted as non-controlling interests(1,510)(2,929)(4,962)(15,673)
Add: Interest expense on Convertible Notes*2,906 *8,724 
Add: Undistributed earnings to participating shares— 1,818 — 11,629 
Less: Undistributed earnings reallocated to participating shares— (1,763)— (11,280)
Diluted earnings$45,925 $194,594 $263,290 $724,848 
Number of Shares:
Basic — Average shares outstanding310,268 306,704 309,471 304,908 
Effect of dilutive securities — Convertible Notes*9,649 *9,649 
Effect of dilutive securities — Contingently issuable shares— 23 — 23 
Effect of dilutive securities — Unvested non-participating shares298 199 267 161 
Diluted — Average shares outstanding310,566 316,575 309,738 314,741 
Earnings Per Share Attributable to STWD Common Stockholders:
Basic$0.15 $0.62 $0.85 $2.35 
Diluted$0.15 $0.61 $0.85 $2.30 
___________________________________________________
*    Our Convertible Notes were not dilutive for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.
v3.23.3
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent [Abstract]  
Schedule of Changes in AOCI by Component
The changes in AOCI by component are as follows (amounts in thousands):
Cumulative
Unrealized Gain
(Loss) on
Available-for-
Sale Securities
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Balance at July 1, 2023$17,355 
OCI before reclassifications(3,286)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI45 
Net period OCI(3,241)
Balance at September 30, 2023$14,114 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance at July 1, 2022$28,970 
OCI before reclassifications(6,194)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI— 
Net period OCI(6,194)
Balance at September 30, 2022$22,776 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Balance at January 1, 2023$20,955 
OCI before reclassifications(6,886)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI45 
Net period OCI(6,841)
Balance at September 30, 2023$14,114 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance at January 1, 2022$40,953 
OCI before reclassifications(18,177)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI— 
Net period OCI(18,177)
Balance at September 30, 2022$22,776 
v3.23.3
Fair Value (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Schedule of Financial Assets and Liabilities Carried at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following tables present our financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis in the consolidated balance sheets by their level in the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (amounts in thousands):
September 30, 2023
TotalLevel ILevel IILevel III
Financial Assets:
Loans under fair value option$2,602,265 $— $— $2,602,265 
RMBS102,076 — — 102,076 
CMBS18,740 — — 18,740 
Equity security8,829 8,829 — — 
Woodstar Fund investments1,979,184 — — 1,979,184 
Domestic servicing rights18,188 — — 18,188 
Derivative assets133,016 — 133,016 — 
VIE assets44,668,904 — — 44,668,904 
Total$49,531,202 $8,829 $133,016 $49,389,357 
Financial Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities$85,657 $— $85,657 $— 
VIE liabilities42,997,104 — 37,628,700 5,368,404 
Total$43,082,761 $— $37,714,357 $5,368,404 

December 31, 2022
TotalLevel ILevel IILevel III
Financial Assets:
Loans under fair value option$2,784,594 $— $— $2,784,594 
RMBS113,386 — — 113,386 
CMBS19,108 — — 19,108 
Equity security9,840 9,840 — — 
Woodstar Fund investments1,761,002 — — 1,761,002 
Domestic servicing rights17,790 — — 17,790 
Derivative assets108,621 — 108,621 — 
VIE assets52,453,041 — — 52,453,041 
Total$57,267,382 $9,840 $108,621 $57,148,921 
Financial Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities$91,404 $— $91,404 $— 
VIE liabilities50,754,355 — 45,248,412 5,505,943 
Total$50,845,759 $— $45,339,816 $5,505,943 
Schedule of Changes in Financial Assets and Liabilities Classified as Level III
The changes in financial assets and liabilities classified as Level III are as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Loans at
Fair Value
RMBSCMBSWoodstar
Fund Investments
Domestic
Servicing
Rights
VIE AssetsVIE
Liabilities
Total
July 1, 2023 balance
$2,673,220 $107,216 $18,603 $1,976,985 $18,256 $46,864,870 $(5,891,459)$45,767,691 
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings:
Change in fair value / gain on sale(66,806)— 241 2,199 (68)(2,195,966)157,469 (2,102,931)
Net accretion— 1,170 — — — — — 1,170 
Included in OCI— (3,241)— — — — — (3,241)
Purchases / Originations113,237 — — — — — — 113,237 
Sales(63,857)(601)— — — — — (64,458)
Cash repayments / receipts(53,265)(2,468)(104)— — — (645)(56,482)
Transfers into Level III20 — — — — — (488,071)(488,051)
Transfers out of Level III(284)— — — — — 854,302 854,018 
September 30, 2023 balance
$2,602,265 $102,076 $18,740 $1,979,184 $18,188 $44,668,904 $(5,368,404)$44,020,953 
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets still held at September 30, 2023:
Included in earnings$(73,230)$1,170 $241 $2,199 $(68)$(2,195,966)$157,469 $(2,108,185)
Included in OCI$— $(3,286)$— $— $— $— $— $(3,286)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Loans at
Fair Value
RMBSCMBSWoodstar Fund InvestmentsDomestic
Servicing
Rights
VIE AssetsVIE
Liabilities
Total
July 1, 2022 balance
$2,197,501 $124,439 $20,965 $1,558,850 $17,499 $57,993,563 $(5,980,634)$55,932,183 
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings:
Change in fair value / gain on sale(87,474)— (84)110,415 515 (3,778,193)824,214 (2,930,607)
Net accretion— 1,744 — — — — — 1,744 
Included in OCI— (6,194)— — — — — (6,194)
Purchases / Originations186,397 — — — — — — 186,397 
Sales(1,266)— — — — — — (1,266)
Cash repayments / receipts(37,998)(3,412)(229)— — — (4,887)(46,526)
Transfers into Level III1,700 — — — — — (573,303)(571,603)
Transfers out of Level III(70,389)— — — — — 241,613 171,224 
September 30, 2022 balance
$2,188,471 $116,577 $20,652 $1,669,265 $18,014 $54,215,370 $(5,492,997)$52,735,352 
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets still held at September 30, 2022:
Included in earnings$(92,162)$1,744 $(84)$110,415 $515 $(3,778,193)$824,214 $(2,933,551)
Included in OCI$— $(6,194)$— $— $— $— $— $(6,194)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Loans at
Fair Value
RMBSCMBSWoodstar Fund InvestmentsDomestic
Servicing
Rights
VIE AssetsVIE
Liabilities
Total
January 1, 2023 balance
$2,784,594 $113,386 $19,108 $1,761,002 $17,790 $52,453,041 $(5,505,943)$51,642,978 
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings:
Change in fair value / gain on sale(111,247)— 317 218,182 398 (7,784,137)462,074 (7,214,413)
Net accretion— 3,583 — — — — — 3,583 
Included in OCI— (6,841)— — — — — (6,841)
Purchases / Originations362,688 — — — — — — 362,688 
Sales(235,174)(601)— — — — — (235,775)
Cash repayments / receipts(137,916)(7,451)(685)— — — (12,295)(158,347)
Transfers into Level III26 — — — — — (1,687,002)(1,686,976)
Transfers out of Level III(60,706)— — — — — 1,374,762 1,314,056 
September 30, 2023 balance
$2,602,265 $102,076 $18,740 $1,979,184 $18,188 $44,668,904 $(5,368,404)$44,020,953 
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
    at September 30, 2023:
Included in earnings$(133,679)$3,552 $317 $218,182 $398 $(7,784,137)$462,074 $(7,233,293)
Included in OCI$— $(6,875)$— $— $— $— $— $(6,875)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Loans at
Fair Value
RMBSCMBSWoodstar Fund InvestmentsDomestic
Servicing
Rights
VIE AssetsVIE
Liabilities
Total
January 1, 2022 balance
$2,936,025 $143,980 $22,244 $1,040,309 $16,780 $61,280,543 $(4,780,221)$60,659,660 
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):
Included in earnings:
Change in fair value / gain on sale(326,737)— (1,441)628,956 1,234 (10,696,486)1,746,436 (8,648,038)
Net accretion— 6,974 — — — — — 6,974 
Included in OCI— (18,177)— — — — — (18,177)
Purchases / Originations3,793,467 — — — — — — 3,793,467 
Sales(3,588,953)— — — — — — (3,588,953)
Cash repayments / receipts(152,847)(16,200)(681)— — — (5,712)(175,440)
Transfers into Level III1,847 — — — — — (1,203,420)(1,201,573)
Transfers out of Level III(474,331)— — — — — 559,062 84,731 
Consolidation of VIEs— — — — — 4,361,325 (1,810,101)2,551,224 
Deconsolidation of VIEs— — 530 — — (730,012)959 (728,523)
September 30, 2022 balance
$2,188,471 $116,577 $20,652 $1,669,265 $18,014 $54,215,370 $(5,492,997)$52,735,352 
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets still held
    at September 30, 2022:
Included in earnings$(258,652)$6,641 $(911)$628,956 $1,234 $(10,696,486)$1,746,436 $(8,572,782)
Included in OCI$— $(17,771)$— $— $— $— $— $(17,771)
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Instruments not Carried at Fair Value
The following table presents the fair values of our financial instruments not carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets (amounts in thousands):
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Carrying
Value
Fair
Value
Carrying
Value
Fair
Value
Financial assets not carried at fair value:
Loans$17,234,205 $17,185,073 $18,401,439 $18,215,072 
HTM debt securities591,948 562,523 673,470 637,275 
Financial liabilities not carried at fair value:
Secured financing agreements, CLOs and SASB$17,076,155 $16,926,451 $18,177,756 $18,017,651 
Unsecured senior notes2,456,583 2,314,681 2,329,211 2,199,135 
Schedule of Quantitative Information for Level 3 Measurements for Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis
The following is quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs in our Level III measurements for those assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (dollars in thousands):
Carrying Value at
September 30, 2023
Valuation
Technique
Unobservable
Input
Range (Weighted Average) as of (1)
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Loans under fair value option$2,602,265 Discounted cash flow, market pricingCoupon (d)
2.8% - 9.9% (4.6%)
2.8% - 9.3% (4.5%)
Remaining contractual term (d)
4.5 - 38.8 years (27.1 years)
5.3 - 39.5 years (28.6 years)
FICO score (a)
585 - 900 (749)
585 - 900 (749)
LTV (b)
0% - 138% (66%)
4% - 92% (67%)
Purchase price (d)
80.0% - 114.1% (101.3%)
80.0% - 108.6% (101.4%)
RMBS102,076 Discounted cash flowConstant prepayment rate (a)
2.7% - 10.0% (5.0%)
2.8% - 12.0% (5.5%)
Constant default rate (b)
1.0% - 4.2% (1.8%)
1.1% - 4.4% (2.0%)
Loss severity (b)
0% - 91% (20%) (f)
0% - 109% (24%) (f)
Delinquency rate (c)
8% - 24% (14%)
6% - 29% (16%)
Servicer advances (a)
27% - 78% (51%)
31% - 77.7% (53%)
Annual coupon deterioration (b)
0% - 3.2% (0.1%)
0% - 2.6% (0.1%)
Putback amount per projected total collateral loss (e)
0% - 8% (0.5%)
0% - 8% (0.5%)
CMBS18,740 Discounted cash flowYield (b)
0% - 663.2% (10.7%)
0% - 117.5% (10.1%)
Duration (c)
0 - 6.9 years (2.6 years)
0 - 7.7 years (3.0 years)
Woodstar Fund investments1,979,184 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate - properties (b)N/A
6.3% - 6.8% (6.5%)
Discount rate - debt (a)
5.7% - 7.7% (6.3%)
5.6% - 6.7% (6.1%)
Terminal capitalization rate (b)
N/A
5.0% - 5.5% (5.1%)
Direct capitalization rate (b)
4.2% (4.2%)
 4.2% (4.2%) (Implied)
Domestic servicing rights18,188 Discounted cash flowDebt yield (a)
8.50% (8.50%)
8.25% (8.25%)
Discount rate (b)
15% (15%)
15% (15%)
VIE assets44,668,904 Discounted cash flowYield (b)
0% - 420.1% (16.8%)
0% - 453.6% (15.3%)
Duration (c)
0 - 10.2 years (2.4 years)
0 - 11.0 years (2.4 years)
VIE liabilities5,368,404 Discounted cash flowYield (b)
0% - 420.1% (11.8%)
0% - 453.6% (10.4%)
Duration (c)
0 - 10.2 years (2.1 years)
0 - 11.0 years (1.8 years)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative carrying value of the instruments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Information about Uncertainty of Fair Value Measurements
(a)Significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable input in isolation would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement.
(b)Significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable input in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement.
(c)Significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable input in isolation would result in either a significantly lower or higher (higher or lower) fair value measurement depending on the structural features of the security in question.
(d)This unobservable input is not subject to variability as of the respective reporting dates.
(e)Any delay in the putback recovery date leads to a decrease in fair value for the majority of securities in our RMBS portfolio.
(f)7% and 10% of the portfolio falls within a range of 45% - 80% as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
v3.23.3
Income Taxes (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
The following table is a reconciliation of our U.S. federal income tax provision determined using our statutory federal tax rate to our reported income tax (benefit) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollars in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended September 30,For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Federal statutory tax rate$8,395 21.0 %$36,768 21.0 %$66,049 21.0 %$176,580 21.0 %
REIT and other non-taxable income(17,486)(43.7)%(75,642)(43.1)%(81,262)(25.8)%(213,073)(25.3)%
State income taxes(2,987)(7.5)%(12,772)(7.3)%(4,999)(1.6)%(11,990)(1.4)%
Federal benefit of state tax deduction628 1.6 %2,682 1.5 %1,050 0.3 %2,518 0.3 %
Intra-entity transfers— — %— — %— — %(3,868)(0.5)%
Other51 0.1 %209 0.1 %165 0.1 %834 0.1 %
Effective tax rate$(11,399)(28.5)%$(48,755)(27.8)%$(18,997)(6.0)%$(48,999)(5.8)%
v3.23.3
Segment Data (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Schedule of Results of Operations by Business Segment
The table below presents our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2023 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Revenues:
Interest income from loans$397,045 $58,628 $— $1,626 $— $457,299 $— $457,299 
Interest income from investment securities36,178 155 — 25,133 — 61,466 (41,333)20,133 
Servicing fees147 — — 11,228 — 11,375 (2,745)8,630 
Rental income2,470 — 23,567 7,054 — 33,091 — 33,091 
Other revenues822 469 193 407 503 2,394 — 2,394 
Total revenues436,662 59,252 23,760 45,448 503 565,625 (44,078)521,547 
Costs and expenses:
Management fees199 — — — 26,944 27,143 — 27,143 
Interest expense247,727 34,887 14,161 8,448 63,346 368,569 (212)368,357 
General and administrative15,659 3,822 1,021 21,365 4,824 46,691 — 46,691 
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs207 — — — 211 — 211 
Costs of rental operations2,475 — 6,039 3,263 — 11,777 — 11,777 
Depreciation and amortization1,912 27 7,930 2,402 — 12,271 — 12,271 
Credit loss provision, net51,487 1,147 — — — 52,634 — 52,634 
Other expense516 — — — — 516 — 516 
Total costs and expenses320,182 39,887 29,151 35,478 95,114 519,812 (212)519,600 
Other income (loss):
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs— — — — — — 43,763 43,763 
Change in fair value of servicing rights— — — (983)— (983)915 (68)
Change in fair value of investment securities, net21,456 — — (20,753)— 703 (420)283 
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net(68,450)— — 1,644 — (66,806)— (66,806)
Income from affordable housing fund investments— — 16,908 — — 16,908 — 16,908 
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities1,142 (2,459)— 400 — (917)(392)(1,309)
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net(52)— — 10,668 — 10,616 — 10,616 
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net99,735 98 557 4,116 (9,623)94,883 — 94,883 
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net
(56,309)(382)45 — — (56,646)— (56,646)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(757)— — (315)— (1,072)— (1,072)
Other (loss) income, net(2,527)(6)— 12 — (2,521)— (2,521)
Total other income (loss)(5,762)(2,749)17,510 (5,211)(9,623)(5,835)43,866 38,031 
Income (loss) before income taxes110,718 16,616 12,119 4,759 (104,234)39,978  39,978 
Income tax benefit
9,823 243 — 1,333 — 11,399 — 11,399 
Net income (loss)120,541 16,859 12,119 6,092 (104,234)51,377  51,377 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests(3)— (7,812)3,873 — (3,942)— (3,942)
Net income (loss) attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
$120,538 $16,859 $4,307 $9,965 $(104,234)$47,435 $ $47,435 
The table below presents our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2022 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Revenues:
Interest income from loans$284,197 $43,018 $— $1,139 $— $328,354 $— $328,354 
Interest income from investment securities28,560 1,204 — 27,585 — 57,349 (38,330)19,019 
Servicing fees142 — — 11,830 — 11,972 (3,545)8,427 
Rental income1,944 — 22,886 8,102 — 32,932 — 32,932 
Other revenues138 129 54 1,491 — 1,812 (3)1,809 
Total revenues314,981 44,351 22,940 50,147  432,419 (41,878)390,541 
Costs and expenses:
Management fees227 — — — 27,129 27,356 — 27,356 
Interest expense145,107 22,500 9,266 6,601 39,166 222,640 (217)222,423 
General and administrative16,458 3,588 933 20,046 4,384 45,409 86 45,495 
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs1,164 — 47 — 1,213 — 1,213 
Costs of rental operations2,633 — 5,793 3,780 — 12,206 — 12,206 
Depreciation and amortization1,629 101 8,161 2,720 — 12,611 — 12,611 
Credit loss provision, net8,401 6,942 — — — 15,343 — 15,343 
Total costs and expenses175,619 33,133 24,153 33,194 70,679 336,778 (131)336,647 
Other income (loss):
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs— — — — — — 37,146 37,146 
Change in fair value of servicing rights— — — 357 — 357 158 515 
Change in fair value of investment securities, net16,398 — — (21,412)— (5,014)4,931 (83)
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net(90,159)— — 2,685 — (87,474)— (87,474)
Income from affordable housing fund investments— — 117,527 — — 117,527 — 117,527 
(Loss) earnings from unconsolidated entities
(4,044)1,892 — 602 — (1,550)(494)(2,044)
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net
(288)— — 13,741 — 13,453 — 13,453 
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net220,296 331 10,262 6,849 (31,668)206,070 — 206,070 
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net(107,087)(253)22 — — (107,318)— (107,318)
Loss on extinguishment of debt— — — (212)— (212)— (212)
Other loss, net(56,391)— — — — (56,391)— (56,391)
Total other income (loss)(21,275)1,970 127,811 2,610 (31,668)79,448 41,741 121,189 
Income (loss) before income taxes118,087 13,188 126,598 19,563 (102,347)175,089 (6)175,083 
Income tax benefit (provision)
53,099 — (4,346)— 48,755 — 48,755 
Net income (loss)171,186 13,190 126,598 15,217 (102,347)223,844 (6)223,838 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests(3)— (28,486)(793)— (29,282)(29,276)
Net income (loss) attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
$171,183 $13,190 $98,112 $14,424 $(102,347)$194,562 $ $194,562 
The table below presents our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Revenues:
Interest income from loans$1,166,758 $172,969 $— $4,329 $— $1,344,056 $— $1,344,056 
Interest income from investment securities102,462 1,658 — 69,521 — 173,641 (115,952)57,689 
Servicing fees441 — — 30,472 — 30,913 (8,685)22,228 
Rental income6,410 — 70,587 20,690 — 97,687 — 97,687 
Other revenues2,007 995 494 1,302 1,172 5,970 — 5,970 
Total revenues1,278,078 175,622 71,081 126,314 1,172 1,652,267 (124,637)1,527,630 
Costs and expenses:
Management fees629 — — — 97,032 97,661 — 97,661 
Interest expense724,452 103,188 40,229 24,752 175,002 1,067,623 (633)1,066,990 
General and administrative42,117 11,520 2,966 62,052 13,300 131,955 — 131,955 
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs665 17 — (57)— 625 — 625 
Costs of rental operations7,505 — 17,034 10,371 — 34,910 — 34,910 
Depreciation and amortization5,262 84 24,061 7,603 — 37,010 — 37,010 
Credit loss provision, net200,439 17,314 — — — 217,753 — 217,753 
Other expense1,451 — 23 16 — 1,490 — 1,490 
Total costs and expenses982,520 132,123 84,313 104,737 285,334 1,589,027 (633)1,588,394 
Other income (loss):
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs— — — — — — 139,024 139,024 
Change in fair value of servicing rights— — — (2,684)— (2,684)3,082 398 
Change in fair value of investment securities, net62,766 — — (46,213)— 16,553 (16,200)353 
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net(125,390)— — 14,143 — (111,247)— (111,247)
Income from affordable housing fund investments— — 253,696 — — 253,696 — 253,696 
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities3,563 1,324 — 8,393 — 13,280 (1,902)11,378 
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net(140)— — 15,626 — 15,486 — 15,486 
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net132,686 244 4,448 4,469 (23,416)118,431 — 118,431 
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net
(18,118)(225)50 — — (18,293)— (18,293)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(1,822)— — (434)— (2,256)— (2,256)
Other (loss) income, net(31,693)— (5)12 — (31,686)— (31,686)
Total other income (loss)21,852 1,343 258,189 (6,688)(23,416)251,280 124,004 375,284 
Income (loss) before income taxes317,410 44,842 244,957 14,889 (307,578)314,520  314,520 
Income tax benefit15,981 581 — 2,435 — 18,997 — 18,997 
Net income (loss)333,391 45,423 244,957 17,324 (307,578)333,517  333,517 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests(10)— (65,149)(106)— (65,265)— (65,265)
Net income (loss) attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
$333,381 $45,423 $179,808 $17,218 $(307,578)$268,252 $ $268,252 
The table below presents our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Revenues:
Interest income from loans$714,222 $100,097 $— $8,804 $— $823,123 $— $823,123 
Interest income from investment securities71,987 3,124 — 75,964 — 151,075 (102,767)48,308 
Servicing fees420 — — 41,517 — 41,937 (10,965)30,972 
Rental income4,674 — 67,879 23,483 — 96,036 — 96,036 
Other revenues251 287 152 10,999 11,692 (12)11,680 
Total revenues791,554 103,508 68,031 160,767 3 1,123,863 (113,744)1,010,119 
Costs and expenses:
Management fees758 — — — 113,517 114,275 — 114,275 
Interest expense301,935 49,431 22,421 19,202 109,150 502,139 (647)501,492 
General and administrative39,905 10,730 2,964 66,603 14,354 134,556 265 134,821 
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs2,401 (259)— 2,152 — 2,152 
Costs of rental operations4,978 — 16,010 11,106 — 32,094 — 32,094 
Depreciation and amortization3,106 310 24,559 8,523 — 36,498 — 36,498 
Credit loss provision, net13,027 7,096 — — — 20,123 — 20,123 
Other expense1,251 — 55 — 1,313 — 1,313 
Total costs and expenses367,361 67,570 66,016 105,182 237,021 843,150 (382)842,768 
Other income (loss):
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs— — — — — — 72,268 72,268 
Change in fair value of servicing rights— — — 683 — 683 551 1,234 
Change in fair value of investment securities, net(5,019)— — (38,853)— (43,872)42,189 (1,683)
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net(327,743)— — 1,006 — (326,737)— (326,737)
Income from affordable housing fund investments— — 658,733 — — 658,733 — 658,733 
(Loss) earnings from unconsolidated entities
(2,598)2,631 — 2,501 — 2,534 (1,623)911 
Gain on sale of investments and other assets, net86,460 — — 25,599 — 112,059 — 112,059 
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net465,831 1,228 33,162 43,719 (82,019)461,921 — 461,921 
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net(212,672)(570)41 — — (213,201)— (213,201)
Loss on extinguishment of debt(206)(469)— (360)— (1,035)— (1,035)
Other (loss) income, net(90,988)— — — — (90,988)25 (90,963)
Total other income (loss)(86,935)2,820 691,936 34,295 (82,019)560,097 113,410 673,507 
Income (loss) before income taxes337,258 38,758 693,951 89,880 (319,037)840,810 48 840,858 
Income tax benefit (provision) 57,682 — (8,690)— 48,999 — 48,999 
Net income (loss)394,940 38,765 693,951 81,190 (319,037)889,809 48 889,857 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests(10)— (148,379)(9,972)— (158,361)(48)(158,409)
Net income (loss) attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc.
$394,930 $38,765 $545,572 $71,218 $(319,037)$731,448 $ $731,448 
Schedule of Consolidated Balance Sheet by Business Segment
The table below presents our consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2023 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$7,078 $35,247 $37,281 $9,840 $105,873 $195,319 $— $195,319 
Restricted cash29,474 22,178 997 4,746 178,556 235,951 — 235,951 
Loans held-for-investment, net14,950,568 2,274,318 — 9,319 — 17,234,205 — 17,234,205 
Loans held-for-sale2,499,681 — — 102,584 — 2,602,265 — 2,602,265 
Investment securities1,237,362 19,582 — 1,106,436 — 2,363,380 (1,641,787)721,593 
Properties, net469,343 — 851,713 84,735 — 1,405,791 — 1,405,791 
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund— — 1,979,184 — — 1,979,184 — 1,979,184 
Investments in unconsolidated entities25,207 48,224 — 33,050 — 106,481 (14,557)91,924 
Goodwill— 119,409 — 140,437 — 259,846 — 259,846 
Intangible assets14,153 — 26,375 61,435 — 101,963 (35,974)65,989 
Derivative assets123,662 134 2,640 6,580 — 133,016 — 133,016 
Accrued interest receivable160,815 9,574 1,298 1,770 88 173,545 (285)173,260 
Other assets394,099 6,306 51,914 19,533 54,590 526,442 — 526,442 
VIE assets, at fair value— — — — — — 44,668,904 44,668,904 
Total Assets$19,911,442 $2,534,972 $2,951,402 $1,580,465 $339,107 $27,317,388 $42,976,301 $70,293,689 
Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities$266,031 $21,885 $12,724 $35,998 $71,077 $407,715 $— $407,715 
Related-party payable— — — — 24,282 24,282 — 24,282 
Dividends payable— — — — 152,737 152,737 — 152,737 
Derivative liabilities15,901 — — — 69,756 85,657 — 85,657 
Secured financing agreements, net9,974,212 935,043 791,461 539,820 1,338,203 13,578,739 (20,858)13,557,881 
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net2,702,506 815,768 — — — 3,518,274 — 3,518,274 
Unsecured senior notes, net— — — — 2,456,583 2,456,583 — 2,456,583 
VIE liabilities, at fair value— — — — — — 42,997,104 42,997,104 
Total Liabilities12,958,650 1,772,696 804,185 575,818 4,112,638 20,223,987 42,976,246 63,200,233 
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests
— — 409,659 — — 409,659 — 409,659 
Permanent Equity:
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock— — — — 3,205 3,205 — 3,205 
Additional paid-in capital1,522,081 616,063 (428,536)(680,659)4,827,013 5,855,962 — 5,855,962 
Treasury stock— — — — (138,022)(138,022)— (138,022)
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)5,416,479 146,213 1,957,453 1,531,338 (8,465,727)585,756 — 585,756 
Accumulated other comprehensive income14,114 — — — — 14,114 — 14,114 
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity6,952,674 762,276 1,528,917 850,679 (3,773,531)6,321,015 — 6,321,015 
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries118 — 208,641 153,968 — 362,727 55 362,782 
Total Permanent Equity6,952,792 762,276 1,737,558 1,004,647 (3,773,531)6,683,742 55 6,683,797 
Total Liabilities and Equity$19,911,442 $2,534,972 $2,951,402 $1,580,465 $339,107 $27,317,388 $42,976,301 $70,293,689 
The table below presents our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 by business segment (amounts in thousands):
Commercial and
Residential
Lending
Segment
Infrastructure
Lending
Segment
Property
Segment
Investing
and Servicing
Segment
CorporateSubtotalSecuritization
VIEs
Total
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$68,593 $31,153 $31,194 $39,023 $91,098 $261,061 $— $261,061 
Restricted cash18,556 31,133 981 5,259 65,143 121,072 — 121,072 
Loans held-for-investment, net16,038,930 2,352,932 — 9,577 — 18,401,439 — 18,401,439 
Loans held-for-sale2,763,458 — — 21,136 — 2,784,594 — 2,784,594 
Investment securities1,250,893 66,204 — 1,165,628 — 2,482,725 (1,666,921)815,804 
Properties, net463,492 — 864,778 121,716 — 1,449,986 — 1,449,986 
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund— — 1,761,002 — — 1,761,002 — 1,761,002 
Investments in unconsolidated entities25,326 47,078 — 33,030 — 105,434 (13,542)91,892 
Goodwill— 119,409 — 140,437 — 259,846 — 259,846 
Intangible assets11,908 — 29,613 66,310 — 107,831 (39,058)68,773 
Derivative assets101,082 122 1,803 5,614 — 108,621 — 108,621 
Accrued interest receivable151,852 9,856 863 1,105 5,120 168,796 (275)168,521 
Other assets170,177 3,614 54,313 12,929 56,444 297,477 — 297,477 
VIE assets, at fair value— — — — — — 52,453,041 52,453,041 
Total Assets$21,064,267 $2,661,501 $2,744,547 $1,621,764 $217,805 $28,309,884 $50,733,245 $79,043,129 
Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities$146,897 $20,656 $11,716 $46,377 $73,353 $298,999 $— $298,999 
Related-party payable— — — — 41,186 41,186 — 41,186 
Dividends payable— — — — 151,511 151,511 — 151,511 
Derivative liabilities21,523 105 — — 69,776 91,404 — 91,404 
Secured financing agreements, net10,804,970 1,042,679 789,719 543,256 1,342,074 14,522,698 (21,166)14,501,532 
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net2,862,211 814,013 — — — 3,676,224 — 3,676,224 
Unsecured senior notes, net— — — — 2,329,211 2,329,211 — 2,329,211 
VIE liabilities, at fair value— — — — — — 50,754,355 50,754,355 
Total Liabilities13,835,601 1,877,453 801,435 589,633 4,007,111 21,111,233 50,733,189 71,844,422 
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests
— — 362,790 — — 362,790 — 362,790 
Permanent Equity:
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock— — — — 3,181 3,181 — 3,181 
Additional paid-in capital2,124,496 683,258 (405,955)(646,662)4,051,950 5,807,087 — 5,807,087 
Treasury stock— — — — (138,022)(138,022)— (138,022)
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)5,083,100 100,790 1,777,643 1,514,119 (7,706,415)769,237 — 769,237 
Accumulated other comprehensive income20,955 — — — — 20,955 — 20,955 
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity7,228,551 784,048 1,371,688 867,457 (3,789,306)6,462,438 — 6,462,438 
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries115 — 208,634 164,674 — 373,423 56 373,479 
Total Permanent Equity7,228,666 784,048 1,580,322 1,032,131 (3,789,306)6,835,861 56 6,835,917 
Total Liabilities and Equity$21,064,267 $2,661,501 $2,744,547 $1,621,764 $217,805 $28,309,884 $50,733,245 $79,043,129 
v3.23.3
Business and Organization (Details)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
segment
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Number of reportable business segments 4
v3.23.3
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)
9 Months Ended
Nov. 06, 2021
USD ($)
Nov. 05, 2021
USD ($)
property
unit
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]        
REO assets as a percent of consolidated VIE assets     1.00%  
Loans as a percent of consolidated VIE assets     99.00%  
Permitted reinvestment under static investment in VIEs     $ 0  
Number of properties in portfolio investment | property   59    
Number of units in portfolio investment | unit   15,057    
Contributions from non-controlling interests     $ 0 $ 21,926,000
Woodstar Fund        
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]        
Percentage of interest sold   20.60%    
Contributions from non-controlling interests $ 214,200,000 $ 216,000,000    
Fund term   8 years    
v3.23.3
Acquisitions and Divestitures (Details)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
property
residential_unit
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
property
residential_unit
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
property
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Apr. 30, 2019
USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]            
Carrying Value $ 20,107,790,000   $ 20,107,790,000   $ 21,285,446,000  
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Orlando, Florida | Credit deteriorated            
Business Acquisition [Line Items]            
Carrying Value           $ 18,500,000
Operating Properties | Investing and Servicing Segment            
Business Acquisition [Line Items]            
Number of properties sold | property 2   3 2    
Gain on sale of property $ 10,600,000 $ 13,700,000 $ 15,400,000 $ 25,400,000    
Proceeds from sale of operating properties 34,600,000 $ 19,500,000 50,900,000 54,000,000    
Gain on sale of property attributable to noncontrolling interest       600,000    
Operating Properties | Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Orlando, Florida            
Business Acquisition [Line Items]            
Gain on sale of property       86,600,000    
Proceeds from sale of operating properties       $ 114,800,000    
Residential Units | Commercial and Residential Lending Segment            
Business Acquisition [Line Items]            
Gain on sale of property 0   0      
Proceeds from sale of operating properties $ 9,100,000   $ 12,100,000      
Number of residential units sold | residential_unit 3   4      
v3.23.3
Loans - Held for Investment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Sep. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value $ 20,107,790 $ 21,285,446    
Face Amount 20,696,679 21,734,785    
Credit loss allowances (271,320) (99,413)    
Total net loans $ 19,836,470 $ 21,186,033 $ 20,309,506 $ 18,413,649
Residential, fair value option        
Investments in loans        
Weighted Average Life 28 years 28 years 9 months 18 days    
Commercial Portfolio Segment        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value $ 15,221,801      
Credit loss allowances (261,914)      
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value 2,283,724      
Credit loss allowances (9,406)      
Loans held for investment        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value 17,505,525 $ 18,500,852    
Face Amount 17,634,146 18,617,970    
Credit loss allowances (271,320) (99,413)    
Loans held for investment | Commercial Portfolio Segment        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value 15,221,801 16,137,308    
Face Amount 15,299,674 16,222,208    
Credit loss allowances (261,914) (88,801)    
Total net loans 14,959,887 16,048,507 15,676,202 13,450,198
Loans held for investment | Infrastructure Portfolio Segment        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value 2,283,724 2,363,544    
Face Amount $ 2,334,472 $ 2,395,762    
Weighted Average Life 4 years 3 years 10 months 24 days    
Credit loss allowances $ (9,406) $ (10,612)    
Total net loans $ 2,274,318 $ 2,352,932 2,374,444 2,027,426
Loans held for investment | Weighted-average | Infrastructure Portfolio Segment        
Investments in loans        
Weighted Average Coupon 9.60% 8.60%    
Loans under fair value option        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value $ 2,602,265 $ 2,784,594    
Face Amount 3,062,533 3,116,815    
Credit loss allowances 0      
Total net loans 2,602,265 2,784,594 $ 2,205,684 $ 2,876,800
Loans under fair value option | Residential, fair value option        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value 2,499,681 2,763,458    
Face Amount 2,954,536 3,092,915    
Loans under fair value option | Commercial, fair value option        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value 102,584 21,136    
Face Amount $ 107,997 $ 23,900    
Weighted Average Life 6 years 1 month 6 days 8 years 7 months 6 days    
Loans under fair value option | Weighted-average | Residential, fair value option        
Investments in loans        
Weighted Average Coupon 4.50% 4.50%    
Loans under fair value option | Weighted-average | Commercial, fair value option        
Investments in loans        
Weighted Average Coupon 7.00% 5.70%    
First Mortgages | Loans held for investment        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value $ 14,812,543 $ 15,562,452    
Face Amount $ 14,887,200 $ 15,648,358    
Weighted Average Life 1 year 3 months 18 days 1 year 8 months 12 days    
First Mortgages | Loans held for investment | Weighted-average        
Investments in loans        
Weighted Average Coupon 9.00% 7.90%    
Subordinated Mortgages | Loans held for investment        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value $ 75,097 $ 71,100    
Face Amount $ 75,617 $ 72,118    
Weighted Average Life 1 year 1 month 6 days 1 year 9 months 18 days    
Subordinated Mortgages | Loans held for investment | Weighted-average        
Investments in loans        
Weighted Average Coupon 14.80% 13.60%    
Mezzanine Loans        
Investments in loans        
Total net loans $ 1,100,000 $ 1,300,000    
Mezzanine Loans | Loans held for investment        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value 246,968 445,363    
Face Amount $ 248,518 $ 442,339    
Weighted Average Life 1 year 7 months 6 days 1 year    
Mezzanine Loans | Loans held for investment | Weighted-average        
Investments in loans        
Weighted Average Coupon 13.50% 12.90%    
Other | Loans held for investment        
Investments in loans        
Carrying Value $ 87,193 $ 58,393    
Face Amount $ 88,339 $ 59,393    
Weighted Average Life 1 year 7 months 6 days 1 year 4 months 24 days    
Other | Loans held for investment | Weighted-average        
Investments in loans        
Weighted Average Coupon 9.60% 8.20%    
v3.23.3
Loans - Variable Rate Loans Held for Investment (Details)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Variable rate loans held-for-investment  
Carrying Value $ 16,813,983
Weighted-average Spread Above Index 4.00%
Commercial loans  
Variable rate loans held-for-investment  
Carrying Value $ 14,532,060
Weighted-average Spread Above Index 4.00%
Infrastructure loans  
Variable rate loans held-for-investment  
Carrying Value $ 2,281,923
Weighted-average Spread Above Index 4.10%
v3.23.3
Loans - Risk Ratings by Class of Loan (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Investments in loans    
Total Amortized Cost Basis $ 20,107,790 $ 21,285,446
Credit Loss Allowance 271,320 99,413
Loans under fair value option    
Investments in loans    
Total Amortized Cost Basis 2,602,265 $ 2,784,594
Credit Loss Allowance 0  
Commercial Portfolio Segment    
Investments in loans    
2023 420,646  
2022 3,993,258  
2021 7,282,056  
2020 722,823  
2019 1,527,576  
Prior 1,275,442  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total 0  
Total Amortized Cost Basis 15,221,801  
Credit Loss Allowance 261,914  
Commercial Portfolio Segment | LTV less than 60%    
Investments in loans    
2023 265,245  
2022 1,937,607  
2021 3,101,829  
2020 188,077  
2019 991,760  
Prior 206,365  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total 0  
Total Amortized Cost Basis 6,690,883  
Credit Loss Allowance 24,768  
Commercial Portfolio Segment | LTV 60% - 70%    
Investments in loans    
2023 85,019  
2022 1,911,675  
2021 3,526,879  
2020 94,397  
2019 102,782  
Prior 386,971  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total 0  
Total Amortized Cost Basis 6,107,723  
Credit Loss Allowance 73,696  
Commercial Portfolio Segment | LTV > 70%    
Investments in loans    
2023 40,008  
2022 102,433  
2021 653,348  
2020 440,349  
2019 433,034  
Prior 637,766  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total 0  
Total Amortized Cost Basis 2,306,938  
Credit Loss Allowance 158,525  
Commercial Portfolio Segment | Credit deteriorated    
Investments in loans    
2023 0  
2022 0  
2021 0  
2020 0  
2019 0  
Prior 29,065  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total 0  
Total Amortized Cost Basis 29,065  
Credit Loss Allowance 4,925  
Commercial Portfolio Segment | Defeased and other    
Investments in loans    
2023 30,374  
2022 41,543  
2021 0  
2020 0  
2019 0  
Prior 15,275  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total 0  
Total Amortized Cost Basis 87,192  
Credit Loss Allowance 0  
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment    
Investments in loans    
2023 554,050  
2022 123,212  
2021 453,913  
2020 75,616  
2019 466,991  
Prior 602,137  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total 7,805  
Total Amortized Cost Basis 2,283,724  
Credit Loss Allowance 9,406  
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment | Credit deteriorated    
Investments in loans    
2023 0  
2022 0  
2021 0  
2020 0  
2019 0  
Prior 1,801  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total 0  
Total Amortized Cost Basis 1,801  
Credit Loss Allowance 0  
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment | Defeased and other    
Investments in loans    
2023 48,744  
2022 0  
2021 0  
2020 0  
2019 0  
Prior 0  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total 0  
Total Amortized Cost Basis 48,744  
Credit Loss Allowance 201  
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment | Power    
Investments in loans    
2023 288,797  
2022 0  
2021 107,644  
2020 75,616  
2019 278,309  
Prior 465,377  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total 5,757  
Total Amortized Cost Basis 1,221,500  
Credit Loss Allowance 3,722  
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment | Oil and gas    
Investments in loans    
2023 216,509  
2022 123,212  
2021 346,269  
2020 0  
2019 188,682  
Prior 134,959  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Total 2,048  
Total Amortized Cost Basis 1,011,679  
Credit Loss Allowance $ 5,483  
v3.23.3
Loans - Narrative (Details)
$ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
May 31, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   $ 20,107,790     $ 21,285,446
Allowance for credit losses   271,320     99,413
Loan foreclosure   42,000 $ 50,151    
Properties, net   1,405,791     1,449,986
Intangible assets   65,989     $ 68,773
Commercial Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   15,221,801      
Allowance for credit losses   261,914      
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   2,283,724      
Allowance for credit losses   9,406      
Mortgage Loan | Irvine, California | Commercial Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   $ 197,200      
Granted team extension period   19 months      
Mortgage loans on real estate gross percentage   0.013      
Preferred equity commitment   $ 25,100      
Unfunded commitments   19,600      
Senior Loans | Chicago | Commercial Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Loan foreclosure $ 41,100        
Properties, net 36,800        
Intangible assets $ 4,300        
Credit deteriorated | Commercial Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   29,065      
Allowance for credit losses   4,925      
Credit deteriorated | Infrastructure Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   1,801      
Allowance for credit losses   0      
Credit deteriorated | Mortgage Loan | Commercial Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   38,800      
Allowance for credit losses       $ 14,700  
Credit deteriorated | Senior Loans | Chicago | Infrastructure Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   4,900      
Credit deteriorated | Infrastructure Loans | Infrastructure Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   12,900      
Credit deteriorated | Infrastructure Loans | Chicago | Infrastructure Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Allowance for credit losses       $ 11,100  
90 days or greater past due | Non-Credit Deterioration          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   229,900      
90 days or greater past due | Non-Credit Deterioration | Residential Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   60,700      
90 days or greater past due | Non-Credit Deterioration | Mortgage Loan | Washington, DC | Commercial Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   122,200      
90 days or greater past due | Non-Credit Deterioration | Leasehold Mortgage Loan | California | Commercial Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   37,800      
90 days or greater past due | Non-Credit Deterioration | Senior Loans | New York | Commercial Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   9,200      
Not 90 days or greater past due | Non-Credit Deterioration          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Past due loan converted to equity interests   7,300      
Not 90 days or greater past due | Non-Credit Deterioration | Senior Loans | New Jersey | Commercial Portfolio Segment          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Carrying Value   220,100      
Not 90 days or greater past due | Non-Credit Deterioration | Mortgage and Mezzanine Loan | Portland, Oregon          
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]          
Past due loan converted to equity interests   $ 60,800      
v3.23.3
Loans - Activity in Portfolio (Details)
$ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
May 31, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
power_plant
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
power_plant
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       $ 99,413  
Credit loss provision, net       197,675 $ 25,341
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   $ 271,320   $ 271,320  
Number of natural gas power plant | power_plant   2   2  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Balance at the beginning of the period       $ 21,186,033 18,413,649
Acquisitions/originations/additional funding       2,022,544 8,800,865
Capitalized Interest       92,202 87,674
Basis of loans sold       (390,321) (4,062,841)
Loan maturities/principal repayments       (2,723,990) (1,957,881)
Discount accretion/premium amortization       51,031 47,468
Changes in fair value   $ (66,806) $ (87,474) (111,247) (326,737)
Foreign currency translation loss, net       (50,107) (617,199)
Credit loss provision, net       (197,675) (25,341)
Loan foreclosure       (42,000) (50,151)
Transfer to/from other asset classifications or between segments       0 0
Balance at the end of the period   19,836,470 20,309,506 19,836,470 20,309,506
Loan foreclosure       42,000 50,151
Funded Commitments          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       99,413  
Credit loss provision, net       197,675  
Charge-offs       (25,768)  
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   271,320   271,320  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Credit loss provision, net       (197,675)  
Unfunded commitments          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       9,873  
Credit loss provision, net       10,266  
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   20,139   20,139  
Unfunded commitments   1,462,086   1,462,086  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Credit loss provision, net       (10,266)  
HTM Preferred Intrests          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       0  
Credit loss provision, net       6,695  
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   6,695   6,695  
Unfunded commitments   19,543   19,543  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Credit loss provision, net       (6,695)  
CMBS          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       52  
Credit loss provision, net       88  
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   140   140  
Unfunded commitments   33,806   33,806  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Credit loss provision, net       (88)  
Total loans held-for-investment          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       99,413  
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   271,320   271,320  
Loans under fair value option          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss provision, net       0 0
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   0   0  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Balance at the beginning of the period       2,784,594 2,876,800
Acquisitions/originations/additional funding       363,520 3,793,467
Capitalized Interest       172 402
Basis of loans sold       (337,321) (4,056,511)
Loan maturities/principal repayments       (137,916) (146,184)
Discount accretion/premium amortization       0 0
Changes in fair value       (111,247) (326,252)
Foreign currency translation loss, net       0 0
Credit loss provision, net       0 0
Loan foreclosure       (929) 0
Transfer to/from other asset classifications or between segments       41,392 63,962
Balance at the end of the period   2,602,265 2,205,684 2,602,265 2,205,684
Loan foreclosure       929 0
Commercial Portfolio Segment          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   261,914   261,914  
Commercial Portfolio Segment | Credit deteriorated          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   4,925   4,925  
Commercial Portfolio Segment | Senior Loans | Chicago          
Activity in loan portfolio          
Loan foreclosure $ (41,100)        
Loan foreclosure $ 41,100        
Commercial Portfolio Segment | Funded Commitments          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       88,801  
Credit loss provision, net       187,775  
Charge-offs       (14,662)  
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   261,914   261,914  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Credit loss provision, net       (187,775)  
Commercial Portfolio Segment | Loans Held-For-Investment          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       9,749  
Credit loss provision, net       3,141  
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   12,890   12,890  
Unfunded commitments   1,362,554   1,362,554  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Credit loss provision, net       (3,141)  
Commercial Portfolio Segment | Total loans held-for-investment          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       88,801  
Credit loss provision, net       187,775 18,262
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   261,914   261,914  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Balance at the beginning of the period       16,048,507 13,450,198
Acquisitions/originations/additional funding       1,053,627 4,410,306
Capitalized Interest       91,641 85,454
Basis of loans sold       (53,000) (6,330)
Loan maturities/principal repayments       (1,903,021) (1,558,907)
Discount accretion/premium amortization       40,733 40,179
Changes in fair value       0 0
Foreign currency translation loss, net       (48,362) (612,669)
Credit loss provision, net       (187,775) (18,262)
Loan foreclosure       (41,071) (50,151)
Transfer to/from other asset classifications or between segments       (41,392) (63,616)
Balance at the end of the period   14,959,887 15,676,202 14,959,887 15,676,202
Loan foreclosure       41,071 50,151
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   9,406   9,406  
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment | Credit deteriorated          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   0   0  
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment | Infrastructure Loans | Chicago | Credit deteriorated          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period   11,100      
Charge-offs       (11,100)  
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment | Funded Commitments          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       10,612  
Credit loss provision, net       9,900  
Charge-offs       (11,106)  
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   9,406   9,406  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Credit loss provision, net       (9,900)  
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment | Loans Held-For-Investment          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       72  
Credit loss provision, net       342  
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   414   414  
Unfunded commitments   46,183   46,183  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Credit loss provision, net       (342)  
Infrastructure Portfolio Segment | Total loans held-for-investment          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss allowance at beginning of the period       10,612  
Credit loss provision, net       9,900 7,079
Credit loss allowance at the end of the period   9,406   9,406  
Activity in loan portfolio          
Balance at the beginning of the period       2,352,932 2,027,426
Acquisitions/originations/additional funding       605,397 597,092
Capitalized Interest       389 373
Basis of loans sold       0 0
Loan maturities/principal repayments       (683,053) (246,127)
Discount accretion/premium amortization       10,298 7,289
Changes in fair value       0 0
Foreign currency translation loss, net       (1,745) (4,530)
Credit loss provision, net       (9,900) (7,079)
Loan foreclosure       0 0
Transfer to/from other asset classifications or between segments       0 0
Balance at the end of the period   2,274,318 2,374,444 2,274,318 2,374,444
Loan foreclosure       0 0
Residential Portfolio Segment | Residential Loans          
Activity in loan portfolio          
Loan foreclosure       (900)  
Loan foreclosure       900  
Residential Portfolio Segment | Total loans held-for-investment          
Activity in allowance for loan losses          
Credit loss provision, net       0 0
Activity in loan portfolio          
Balance at the beginning of the period       0 59,225
Acquisitions/originations/additional funding       0 0
Capitalized Interest       0 1,445
Basis of loans sold       0 0
Loan maturities/principal repayments       0 (6,663)
Discount accretion/premium amortization       0 0
Changes in fair value       0 (485)
Foreign currency translation loss, net       0 0
Credit loss provision, net       0 0
Loan foreclosure       0 0
Transfer to/from other asset classifications or between segments       0 (346)
Balance at the end of the period   $ 0 $ 53,176 0 53,176
Loan foreclosure       $ 0 $ 0
v3.23.3
Investment Securities - Investment Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Available-for-sale securities $ 102,076 $ 113,386
Credit loss allowance 12,994 3,182
HTM debt securities 604,942 676,652
Total investment securities 721,593 815,804
VIE eliminations    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Equity security (1,641,787) (1,666,921)
CMBS    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Credit loss allowance 492 172
HTM debt securities 569,867 577,681
CMBS | Non- Controlling Interests    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Equity security 187,300 198,900
Before consolidation of securitization VIEs    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
HTM debt securities 591,948 673,470
Equity security, fair value 8,829 9,840
Total investment securities 2,363,380 2,482,725
Before consolidation of securitization VIEs | RMBS    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Available-for-sale securities 102,076 113,386
Equity security 451,191 423,183
Before consolidation of securitization VIEs | CMBS    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Equity security $ 1,209,336 $ 1,262,846
v3.23.3
Investment Securities - Purchases, Sales and Redemptions, and Principal Collections for All Investment Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]        
Purchases/fundings $ 5,536 $ 0 $ 6,988 $ 86,058
Sales and redemptions 1,427 0 1,722 0
Principal collections 36,331 4,251 87,679 19,431
HTM Securities        
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]        
Purchases/fundings 5,536 0 6,988 86,058
Sales and redemptions 0 0 0
Principal collections 33,762 609 79,543 2,549
Equity Security        
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]        
Purchases/fundings 0 0 0 0
Sales and redemptions 878 0 1,173 0
Principal collections 0 0 0 0
Securitization VIEs        
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]        
Purchases/fundings 0 0 0 (289,833)
Sales and redemptions 0 0 0 0
Principal collections (13,624) (21,802) (54,071) (64,555)
RMBS | Available-for-sale        
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]        
Purchases/fundings 0 0 0 0
Sales and redemptions 549 0 549 0
Principal collections 2,468 3,412 7,451 16,200
RMBS | Fair value option        
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]        
Purchases/fundings 0 0 0 226,152
Sales and redemptions 0 0 0 0
Principal collections 12,979 16,914 41,776 58,843
CMBS | Fair value option        
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]        
Purchases/fundings 0 0 0 63,681
Sales and redemptions 0 0 0 0
Principal collections $ 746 $ 5,118 $ 12,980 $ 6,394
v3.23.3
Investment Securities - Available-for-Sale RMBS (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost $ 87,962 $ 92,431
Credit Loss Allowance 0 0
Net Basis 87,962 92,431
Gross Unrealized Gains 17,182 21,765
Gross Unrealized Losses (3,068) (810)
Net Fair Value Adjustment 14,114 20,955
Fair Value $ 102,076 $ 113,386
Available-for-sale | SOFR    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Effective variable rate basis 5.319%  
RMBS | B- Rating | Available-for-sale    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Weighted Average Coupon 5.80%  
WAL (Years) 7 years 4 months 24 days  
v3.23.3
Investment Securities - Narrative (Details)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
security
shares
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
security
shares
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2012
shares
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
security
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]            
Cost of third party management $ 200,000 $ 200,000 $ 600,000 $ 800,000    
Number of securities with unrealized losses | security 14   14     10
Credit loss allowance $ 12,994,000   $ 12,994,000     $ 3,182,000
Amortized Cost Basis $ 604,942,000   $ 604,942,000     676,652,000
SEREF            
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]            
Number of shares acquired (in shares) | shares         9,140,000  
Number of shares redeemed (in shares) | shares 672,166   895,182      
Proceeds from shares redeemed $ 900,000   $ 1,200,000      
Remaining held (in shares) | shares 8,244,818   8,244,818      
Equity security, fair value $ 8,800,000   $ 8,800,000     9,800,000
Ownership percentage     2.00%      
Fair Value Option            
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]            
Fair value of mortgage backed securities 1,700,000,000   $ 1,700,000,000      
VIE eliminations            
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]            
Fair value of investment securities before consolidation of VIEs eliminated against VIE liabilities 18,700,000   18,700,000      
RMBS            
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]            
Portion of securities with variable rate $ 91,100,000   $ 91,100,000      
RMBS | Available-for-sale            
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]            
Portion of securities with variable rate (as a percent) 89.00%   89.00%      
RMBS | Fair Value Option            
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]            
Portion of securities with variable rate $ 0   $ 0      
Fair value of investment securities before consolidation of VIEs 451,200,000   451,200,000      
Unpaid principal balance of investment securities before consolidation of VIEs 326,300,000   326,300,000      
CMBS            
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]            
Credit loss allowance 492,000   492,000     172,000
Amortized Cost Basis 569,867,000   569,867,000     577,681,000
CMBS | Fair Value Option            
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]            
Portion of securities with variable rate 102,900,000   102,900,000      
Fair value of investment securities before consolidation of VIEs 1,200,000,000   1,200,000,000      
Unpaid principal balance of investment securities before consolidation of VIEs 2,800,000,000   2,800,000,000      
Infrastructure bonds            
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]            
Credit loss allowance 10,082,000   10,082,000     3,010,000
Amortized Cost Basis 29,664,000   29,664,000     $ 69,214,000
Infrastructure bonds | Credit deteriorated | Infrastructure Portfolio Segment | Choctaw, Mississippi            
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]            
Credit loss allowance 7,200,000   7,200,000      
Allowance for credit loss to date 10,000,000   10,000,000      
Amortized Cost Basis $ 19,200,000   $ 19,200,000      
v3.23.3
Investment Securities - AFS and Fair Value Option (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Estimated Fair Value    
Securities with a loss less than 12 months $ 11,098 $ 6,961
Securities with a loss greater than 12 months 6,077 1,889
Unrealized Losses    
Securities with a loss less than 12 months (1,626) (502)
Securities with a loss greater than 12 months $ (1,442) $ (308)
v3.23.3
Investment Securities - HTM Debt Securities, Amortized Cost​ (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
HTM Securities    
Amortized Cost Basis $ 604,942 $ 676,652
Credit Loss Allowance (12,994) (3,182)
Net Carrying Amount 591,948 673,470
Gross Unrealized Holding Gains 237 202
Gross Unrealized Holding Losses (29,662) (36,397)
Fair Value 562,523 637,275
Activity in credit loss allowance for HTM debt securities    
Credit loss allowance at beginning 3,182  
Credit loss provision, net 9,812  
Credit loss allowance at ending 12,994  
HTM preferred equity interests    
Less than one year 96,520  
One to three years 432,007  
Three to five years 54,307  
Thereafter 9,114  
Total 591,948  
CMBS    
HTM Securities    
Amortized Cost Basis 569,867 577,681
Credit Loss Allowance (492) (172)
Net Carrying Amount 569,375 577,509
Gross Unrealized Holding Gains 79 30
Gross Unrealized Holding Losses (28,474) (30,424)
Fair Value 540,980 547,115
Activity in credit loss allowance for HTM debt securities    
Credit loss allowance at beginning 172  
Credit loss provision, net 320  
Credit loss allowance at ending 492  
HTM preferred equity interests    
Less than one year 96,520  
One to three years 428,684  
Three to five years 44,171  
Thereafter 0  
Total 569,375  
Preferred interests    
HTM Securities    
Amortized Cost Basis 5,411 29,757
Credit Loss Allowance (2,420) 0
Net Carrying Amount 2,991 29,757
Gross Unrealized Holding Gains 125 125
Gross Unrealized Holding Losses (1,170) (4,863)
Fair Value 1,946 25,019
Activity in credit loss allowance for HTM debt securities    
Credit loss allowance at beginning 0  
Credit loss provision, net 2,420  
Credit loss allowance at ending 2,420  
HTM preferred equity interests    
Less than one year 0  
One to three years 2,991  
Three to five years 0  
Thereafter 0  
Total 2,991  
Infrastructure bonds    
HTM Securities    
Amortized Cost Basis 29,664 69,214
Credit Loss Allowance (10,082) (3,010)
Net Carrying Amount 19,582 66,204
Gross Unrealized Holding Gains 33 47
Gross Unrealized Holding Losses (18) (1,110)
Fair Value 19,597 $ 65,141
Activity in credit loss allowance for HTM debt securities    
Credit loss allowance at beginning 3,010  
Credit loss provision, net 7,072  
Credit loss allowance at ending 10,082  
HTM preferred equity interests    
Less than one year 0  
One to three years 332  
Three to five years 10,136  
Thereafter 9,114  
Total $ 19,582  
v3.23.3
Properties - Narrative (Details)
ft² in Millions
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
ft²
property
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
property
residential_unit
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
property
residential_unit
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
property
Dec. 31, 2016
ft²
building
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]            
Property impairment loss       $ 23,800,000    
Operating Properties | Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Montgomery Alabama            
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]            
Proceeds from sale of operating properties         $ 114,800,000  
Gain on sale of property         $ 86,600,000  
Operating Properties | Investing and Servicing Segment            
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]            
Number of properties sold | property   2   3 2  
Proceeds from sale of operating properties   $ 34,600,000 $ 19,500,000 $ 50,900,000 $ 54,000,000  
Gain on sale of property   10,600,000 13,700,000 15,400,000 25,400,000  
Gain on sale of property attributable to noncontrolling interest         $ 600,000  
Residential Units | Commercial and Residential Lending Segment            
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]            
Proceeds from sale of operating properties   9,100,000   12,100,000    
Gain on sale of property   $ 0   $ 0    
Number of residential units sold | residential_unit   3   4    
Medical Office Portfolio            
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]            
Number of acquired properties closed | building           34
Area of property | ft²           1.9
Total gross properties and lease intangibles   $ 776,400,000   $ 776,400,000    
Debt   597,900,000   597,900,000    
Master Lease Portfolio            
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]            
Total gross properties and lease intangibles   343,800,000   343,800,000    
Debt   193,600,000   193,600,000    
Number of retail properties acquired | property 16          
Number of square feet of properties | ft² 1.9          
Term of master lease agreements 24 years 7 months 6 days          
Master Lease Portfolio | Minimum | Retail Properties | Geographic Concentration Risk | Utah, Florida, Texas and Minnesota            
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]            
Concentration risk (as a percent) 50.00%          
REIS Equity Portfolio            
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]            
Total gross properties and lease intangibles   142,900,000   142,900,000    
Debt   $ 93,100,000   $ 93,100,000    
Number of retail properties acquired | property       7    
REIS Equity Portfolio | Operating Properties            
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]            
Number of properties sold | property   2   3 2  
Proceeds from sale of operating properties   $ 34,600,000 19,500,000 $ 50,900,000 $ 54,000,000  
Gain on sale of property   10,600,000 $ 13,700,000 15,400,000 $ 25,400,000  
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment Property Portfolio            
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]            
Total gross properties and lease intangibles   494,400,000   494,400,000    
Debt   $ 204,400,000   $ 204,400,000    
v3.23.3
Properties - Properties Held (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]    
Properties, cost $ 1,636,589 $ 1,659,495
Less: accumulated depreciation (230,798) (209,509)
Properties, net 1,405,791 1,449,986
Property Segment    
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]    
Land and land improvements 176,140 176,029
Buildings and building improvements 864,314 856,411
Furniture & fixtures $ 606 446
Property Segment | Minimum    
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]    
Land and land improvements, Depreciable Life 0 days  
Building and building improvements, Depreciable Life 0 days  
Furniture & fixtures, Depreciable Life 3 years  
Property Segment | Maximum    
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]    
Land and land improvements, Depreciable Life 15 years  
Building and building improvements, Depreciable Life 45 years  
Furniture & fixtures, Depreciable Life 5 years  
Investing and Servicing Segment    
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]    
Land and land improvements $ 27,334 34,613
Buildings and building improvements 89,434 122,384
Furniture & fixtures $ 2,858 3,207
Investing and Servicing Segment | Minimum    
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]    
Land and land improvements, Depreciable Life 0 days  
Building and building improvements, Depreciable Life 3 years  
Furniture & fixtures, Depreciable Life 2 years  
Investing and Servicing Segment | Maximum    
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]    
Land and land improvements, Depreciable Life 15 years  
Building and building improvements, Depreciable Life 40 years  
Furniture & fixtures, Depreciable Life 5 years  
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment    
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]    
Land and land improvements $ 95,603 99,043
Buildings and building improvements 113,467 79,661
Construction in progress $ 266,833 $ 287,701
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Minimum    
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]    
Building and building improvements, Depreciable Life 0 days  
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Maximum    
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]    
Building and building improvements, Depreciable Life 50 years  
v3.23.3
Investments of Consolidated Affordable Housing Fund - Narrative (Details) - Primary Beneficiary
$ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
affordable_housing_community
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
affordable_housing_community
affordable_housing_unit
Dec. 31, 2018
affordable_housing_community
Dec. 31, 2016
affordable_housing_community
Dec. 31, 2015
affordable_housing_community
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]            
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund, at fair value   $ 1,979,184       $ 1,761,002
Woodstar I Portfolio            
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]            
Number of affordable housing communities in portfolio | affordable_housing_community   32        
Number of affordable housing units in portfolio | affordable_housing_unit   8,948        
Number of affordable housing communities acquired in portfolio | affordable_housing_community       14 18  
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund, at fair value   $ 1,800,000        
Debt fair value   $ 728,800        
Woodstar II Portfolio            
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]            
Number of affordable housing communities in portfolio | affordable_housing_community   27        
Number of affordable housing units in portfolio | affordable_housing_unit   6,109        
Number of affordable housing communities acquired in portfolio | affordable_housing_community 8   19      
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund, at fair value   $ 1,400,000        
Debt fair value   $ 475,600        
v3.23.3
Investments of Consolidated Affordable Housing Fund - Investment Income (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]        
Unrealized change in fair value of investments $ 2,199 $ 110,415 $ 218,182 $ 628,956
Primary Beneficiary        
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]        
Distributions from affordable housing fund investments 14,709 7,112 35,514 29,777
Income from affordable housing fund investments $ 16,908 $ 117,527 $ 253,696 $ 658,733
v3.23.3
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities​ (Details)
1 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
USD ($)
entity
retail_center
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
investment
power_plant
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
power_plant
Equity method investments:      
Number of natural gas power plant | power_plant   2  
Equity method, Carrying value   $ 70,054,000 $ 68,901,000
Other equity investments:      
Other equity investments, carrying value   21,870,000 22,991,000
Investment in unconsolidated entities   $ 91,924,000 $ 91,892,000
Number of publicly traded investments | investment   0  
Carrying value over (under) equity in net assets   $ 0  
Equity interest in two natural gas power plants      
Equity method investments:      
Number of natural gas power plant | power_plant   2 2
Equity method, Carrying value   $ 47,763,000 $ 46,618,000
Investor entity which owns equity in an online real estate company      
Equity method investments:      
Equity method, Participation / Ownership %   50.00%  
Equity method, Carrying value   $ 5,495,000 5,457,000
Equity interest in a residential mortgage originator      
Equity method investments:      
Equity method, Carrying value   0 1,449,000
Various      
Equity method investments:      
Equity method, Carrying value   $ 16,796,000 15,377,000
Equity interest in a servicing and advisory business      
Other equity investments:      
Cost method, Participation / Ownership %   2.00%  
Other equity investments, carrying value   $ 12,955,000 12,955,000
Investment funds which own equity in a loan servicer and other real estate assets      
Other equity investments:      
Other equity investments, carrying value   $ 940,000 940,000
Investor entities which own equity interests in two entertainment and retail centers      
Other equity investments:      
Cost method, Participation / Ownership %   15.00%  
Other equity investments, carrying value   $ 6,201,000 7,322,000
Investment in unconsolidated entities $ 7,300,000    
Number of investor entities | entity 2    
Number of shopping malls | retail_center 2    
Received a capital distribution   1,100,000  
Various      
Other equity investments:      
Other equity investments, carrying value   $ 1,774,000 $ 1,774,000
Minimum | Equity interest in two natural gas power plants      
Equity method investments:      
Equity method, Participation / Ownership %   10.00%  
Minimum | Various      
Equity method investments:      
Equity method, Participation / Ownership %   20.00%  
Minimum | Investment funds which own equity in a loan servicer and other real estate assets      
Other equity investments:      
Cost method, Participation / Ownership %   4.00%  
Minimum | Various      
Other equity investments:      
Cost method, Participation / Ownership %   1.00%  
Maximum | Equity interest in two natural gas power plants      
Equity method investments:      
Equity method, Participation / Ownership %   12.00%  
Maximum | Various      
Equity method investments:      
Equity method, Participation / Ownership %   50.00%  
Maximum | Investment funds which own equity in a loan servicer and other real estate assets      
Other equity investments:      
Cost method, Participation / Ownership %   6.00%  
Maximum | Various      
Other equity investments:      
Cost method, Participation / Ownership %   3.00%  
v3.23.3
Goodwill and Intangibles - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill [Line Items]    
Goodwill $ 259,846 $ 259,846
Domestic servicing rights, at fair value | Before consolidation of securitization VIEs    
Goodwill [Line Items]    
Servicing rights intangibles 54,200 56,800
VIE eliminations | Domestic servicing rights, at fair value    
Goodwill [Line Items]    
Servicing rights intangibles 36,000 39,100
Infrastructure Lending Segment    
Goodwill [Line Items]    
Goodwill 119,400 119,400
Investing and Servicing Segment    
Goodwill [Line Items]    
Goodwill $ 140,400 $ 140,400
v3.23.3
Goodwill and Intangibles - Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value $ 144,960 $ 143,061
Accumulated Amortization (78,971) (74,288)
Net Carrying Value 65,989 68,773
In-place lease intangible assets    
Goodwill [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value 97,913 98,622
Accumulated Amortization (67,548) (64,246)
Net Carrying Value 30,365 34,376
Favorable lease intangible assets    
Goodwill [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value 28,859 26,649
Accumulated Amortization (11,423) (10,042)
Net Carrying Value 17,436 16,607
Domestic servicing rights, at fair value    
Goodwill [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Value 18,188 17,790
Net Carrying Value $ 18,188 $ 17,790
v3.23.3
Goodwill and Intangibles - Activity (Details)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill) [Roll Forward]  
Beginning balnce $ 68,773
Acquisition 4,341
Amortization (6,672)
Sales (851)
Changes in fair value due to changes in inputs and assumptions 398
Ending balance 65,989
In-place Lease Intangible Assets  
Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill) [Roll Forward]  
Beginning balnce 34,376
Acquisition 2,061
Amortization (5,221)
Sales (851)
Changes in fair value due to changes in inputs and assumptions 0
Ending balance 30,365
Favorable Lease Intangible Assets  
Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill) [Roll Forward]  
Beginning balnce 16,607
Acquisition 2,280
Amortization (1,451)
Sales 0
Changes in fair value due to changes in inputs and assumptions 0
Ending balance 17,436
Domestic servicing rights  
Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill) [Roll Forward]  
Beginning balnce 17,790
Acquisition 0
Amortization 0
Sales 0
Changes in fair value due to changes in inputs and assumptions 398
Ending balance $ 18,188
v3.23.3
Goodwill and Intangibles - Future Expected Amortization (Details)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
2023 (remainder of) $ 2,071
2024 7,241
2025 6,136
2026 4,610
2027 4,116
Thereafter 23,627
Total $ 47,801
v3.23.3
Secured Borrowings - Secured Financing Agreements (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value $ 102,076 $ 102,076 $ 113,386
Secured financing agreements, net 13,557,881 13,557,881 14,501,532
Revolving Credit Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum borrowing capacity 150,000 150,000  
Equity interests in certain subsidiaries used to secure facilities   5,700,000  
Borrowing Base Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 450,000 450,000  
Maximum facility size subject to certain conditions 750,000 750,000  
Commercial Financing Facilities      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 453,300 $ 453,300  
Property Mortgages - Fixed rate      
Secured Borrowings      
Maturity period   3 years 9 months 18 days  
Term Loan Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum borrowing capacity 774,800 $ 774,800  
Term Loan Facility Maturing November 2027      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum borrowing capacity $ 595,500 $ 595,500  
Floor interest rate (as a percent)   0.50%  
SOFR      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent) 2.53%    
SOFR | Revolving Credit Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Coupon Rate 2.60% 2.60%  
SOFR | Term Loan Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Floor interest rate (as a percent)   0.75%  
SOFR | Term Loan Facility Maturing November 2027      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   3.25%  
SOFR + 2.60% | Term Loan Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   2.60%  
Maximum borrowing capacity $ 384,000 $ 384,000  
SOFR + 3.35% | Term Loan Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   3.35%  
Maximum borrowing capacity 390,800 $ 390,800  
Secured Borrowings      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 22,787,928 22,787,928  
Long term debt, gross 13,643,930 13,643,930 14,610,127
Unamortized net discount (26,039) (26,039) (30,320)
Unamortized deferred financing costs (60,010) (60,010) (78,275)
Secured financing agreements, net 13,557,881 13,557,881 14,501,532
Secured Borrowings | Borrowing Base Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 750,000 750,000  
Long term debt, gross 3,920 3,920 0
Secured Borrowings | Commercial Financing Facilities      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 553,319 553,319  
Long term debt, gross 355,962 355,962 311,825
Secured Borrowings | Residential Financing Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 0 0  
Long term debt, gross 0 0 244,418
Secured Borrowings | Infrastructure Financing Facilities      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 1,550,000 1,550,000  
Long term debt, gross $ 608,847 $ 608,847 765,265
Secured Borrowings | Property Mortgages - Fixed rate      
Secured Borrowings      
Coupon Rate 4.40% 4.40%  
Maximum Facility Size $ 224,898 $ 224,898  
Long term debt, gross 224,898 224,898 261,100
Secured Borrowings | Property Mortgages - Variable rate      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 849,328 849,328  
Long term debt, gross 846,946 846,946 847,633
Secured Borrowings | Term Loans and Revolver      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 1,520,275 1,520,275  
Long term debt, gross 1,370,275 1,370,275 1,380,766
Secured Borrowings | Total Other Secured Financing      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 5,447,820 5,447,820  
Long term debt, gross $ 3,410,848 $ 3,410,848 3,811,007
Secured Borrowings | First Mortgage and Mezzanine      
Secured Borrowings      
Coupon Rate 3.34% 3.34%  
Long term debt, gross $ 600,000 $ 600,000  
Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 17,352,777 17,352,777  
Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral | Borrowing Base Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 47,724 47,724  
Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral | Commercial Financing Facilities      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 502,694 502,694  
Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral | Residential Financing Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 0 0  
Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral | Infrastructure Financing Facilities      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 857,350 857,350  
Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral | Property Mortgages - Fixed rate      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 326,161 326,161  
Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral | Property Mortgages - Variable rate      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 965,870 965,870  
Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral | Total Other Secured Financing      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 2,699,799 $ 2,699,799  
Secured Borrowings | Index | Commercial Financing Facilities      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   2.16%  
Secured Borrowings | Index | Infrastructure Financing Facilities      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   2.14%  
Secured Borrowings | SOFR | Borrowing Base Facility      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   2.11%  
Secured Borrowings | SOFR | First Mortgage and Mezzanine | Weighted Average      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   2.07%  
Line of Credit | Commercial Financing Facilities      
Secured Borrowings      
Line of credit capacity if conditions are met 553,300 $ 553,300  
Commercial Loans      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 11,900,000 11,900,000  
Secured financing agreements, net 2,700,000 2,700,000  
Line of credit capacity if conditions are met 12,000,000 $ 12,000,000  
Commercial Loans | SOFR | Weighted Average      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   3.36%  
Commercial Loans | Secured Borrowings      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 12,039,568 $ 12,039,568  
Long term debt, gross 6,768,758 6,768,758 7,746,867
Commercial Loans | Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 10,197,141 $ 10,197,141  
Commercial Loans | Secured Borrowings | Index      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   2.02%  
Residential Loans | Secured Borrowings      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 3,200,000 $ 3,200,000  
Long term debt, gross 2,321,057 2,321,057 1,912,774
Residential Loans | Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 2,509,325 $ 2,509,325  
Residential Loans | Secured Borrowings | SOFR      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   1.97%  
Infrastructure Loans | Secured Borrowings      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 650,000 $ 650,000  
Long term debt, gross 333,119 333,119 290,431
Infrastructure Loans | Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 397,130 $ 397,130  
Infrastructure Loans | Secured Borrowings | SOFR      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   2.07%  
Conduit Loans | Secured Borrowings      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 388,937 $ 388,937  
Long term debt, gross 53,059 53,059 8,423
Conduit Loans | Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value $ 68,058 $ 68,058  
Conduit Loans | Secured Borrowings | SOFR      
Secured Borrowings      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   2.07%  
CMBS/RMBS      
Secured Borrowings      
Coupon Rate 3.27% 3.27%  
Secured financing agreements, net $ 259,500 $ 259,500  
Amount outstanding on a repurchase facility not subject to margin calls 259,500 259,500  
Amount outstanding on repurchase facility $ 40,600 $ 40,600  
Pro rata share owned by a non-controlling partner in a consolidated joint venture 49.00% 49.00%  
CMBS/RMBS | Certain Facilities      
Secured Borrowings      
Secured financing agreements, net $ 348,000 $ 348,000  
Rolling maturity period   11 months  
Maturity period   12 months  
CMBS/RMBS | SOFR | Weighted Average      
Secured Borrowings      
Coupon Rate 2.21% 2.21%  
CMBS/RMBS | Secured Borrowings      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size $ 1,061,603 $ 1,061,603  
Long term debt, gross 757,089 757,089 840,625
CMBS/RMBS | Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value 1,481,324 1,481,324  
Total Repurchase Agreements | Secured Borrowings      
Secured Borrowings      
Maximum Facility Size 17,340,108 17,340,108  
Long term debt, gross 10,233,082 10,233,082 $ 10,799,120
Total Repurchase Agreements | Secured Borrowings | Asset Pledged as Collateral      
Secured Borrowings      
Pledged Asset Carrying Value $ 14,652,978 $ 14,652,978  
v3.23.3
Secured Borrowings - Narrative (Details)
$ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Feb. 28, 2022
USD ($)
Jan. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Jul. 31, 2021
USD ($)
hotel
Apr. 30, 2021
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
May 31, 2021
USD ($)
Aug. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Secured Borrowings                      
Principal amount of notes purchased by third-party investors     $ 210,100                
RMBS                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Securitizations of loans     $ 230,000                
Number of hotels | hotel     41                
Residential Loans Credit Facility                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Maximum borrowing capacity         $ 1,800,000   $ 1,800,000        
STWD 2022-FL3                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Face Amount $ 1,000,000                    
Principal amount of notes purchased by third-party investors 842,500                    
Long term debt, gross 82,500                    
Liquidation preference $ 75,000                    
CLO contribution period 2 years                    
Additional contribution to CLO             50,200        
STWD 2021-FL2                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Face Amount                   $ 1,300,000  
Principal amount of notes purchased by third-party investors                   1,100,000  
Long term debt, gross                   70,100  
Liquidation preference                   $ 127,500  
Additional contribution to CLO             93,700        
STWD 2019-FL1                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Face Amount                     $ 1,100,000
Principal amount of notes purchased by third-party investors                     936,400
Long term debt, gross                     86,600
Liquidation preference                     $ 77,000
Repayments of debt             161,200        
STWD 2021-SIF2                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Face Amount   $ 500,000                  
Principal amount of notes purchased by third-party investors   410,000                  
Liquidation preference   $ 90,000                  
CLO contribution period   3 years                  
Additional contribution to CLO             154,400        
STWD 2021-SIF1                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Face Amount       $ 500,000              
Principal amount of notes purchased by third-party investors       410,000              
Liquidation preference       $ 90,000              
CLO contribution period       3 years              
Additional contribution to CLO             159,100        
Commercial Loans Repurchase Facilities                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Maximum borrowing capacity         63,400   63,400        
CLOs and SASB                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Amortization of deferred financing costs         2,000 $ 2,700 6,700 $ 7,800      
Incurred debt issuance costs             37,900        
Deferred financing costs, net of amortization         11,500   11,500   $ 18,200    
Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A.                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Amount at risk         775,900   $ 775,900        
Weighted average extended maturities             3 years 1 month 6 days        
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Amount at risk         733,000   $ 733,000        
Weighted average extended maturities             7 years        
Goldman Sachs Bank, USA                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Amount at risk         $ 702,900   $ 702,900        
Weighted average extended maturities             3 years 6 months        
Line of Credit | Residential Loans Credit Facility                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Decrease in borrowing capacity, existing facilities             $ (337,900)        
Decrease in weighted average spread             0.39%        
Line of Credit | Commercial Loans Repurchase Facilities                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Decrease in borrowing capacity, existing facilities             $ 200,000        
Repurchase Agreements                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Percentage of repurchase agreements for which margin calls are limited to collateral specific credit marks         69.00%   69.00%        
Percentage of repurchase agreements containing margin call provisions for general capital market activity         31.00%   31.00%        
Percentage of repurchase agreements containing margin call provisions that pertain to loans held-for-sale         7.00%   7.00%        
Secured Borrowings                      
Secured Borrowings                      
Amortization of deferred financing costs         $ 10,300 $ 9,500 $ 31,100 $ 28,300      
Long term debt, gross         $ 13,643,930   $ 13,643,930   $ 14,610,127    
v3.23.3
Secured Borrowings - Collateralized Loan Obligations (Details)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
security
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
security
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
security
Feb. 28, 2022
USD ($)
Jan. 31, 2022
USD ($)
May 31, 2021
USD ($)
Apr. 30, 2021
USD ($)
Aug. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Summary of CLO                
Carrying Value $ 3,518,274 $ 3,518,274 $ 3,676,224          
Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Face Amount 4,240,575 4,240,575 4,401,641          
Carrying Value 4,303,188 4,303,188 4,454,087          
Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Face Amount 3,527,982 3,527,982 3,689,140          
Carrying Value $ 3,518,274 $ 3,518,274 $ 3,676,224          
SOFR                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread 2.53%              
STWD 2022-FL3                
Summary of CLO                
Face Amount       $ 1,000,000        
STWD 2022-FL3 | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 50 50 51          
Face Amount $ 999,998 $ 999,998 $ 1,000,000          
Carrying Value $ 1,009,424 $ 1,009,424 $ 1,010,051          
STWD 2022-FL3 | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 1 1 1          
Face Amount $ 842,500 $ 842,500 $ 842,500          
Carrying Value $ 840,414 $ 840,414 $ 842,374          
STWD 2022-FL3 | SOFR | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   3.53%            
STWD 2022-FL3 | SOFR | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   1.93% 1.93%          
STWD 2022-FL3 | Index | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread     3.52%          
STWD 2021-HTS | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 1 1 1          
Face Amount $ 230,000 $ 230,000 $ 230,000          
Carrying Value $ 231,293 $ 231,293 $ 231,186          
STWD 2021-HTS | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 1 1 1          
Face Amount $ 210,091 $ 210,091 $ 210,091          
Carrying Value $ 209,639 $ 209,639 $ 208,961          
STWD 2021-HTS | SOFR | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   3.87%            
STWD 2021-HTS | SOFR | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   2.75%            
STWD 2021-HTS | LIBOR | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread     3.85%          
STWD 2021-HTS | LIBOR | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread     2.71%          
STWD 2021-FL2                
Summary of CLO                
Face Amount           $ 1,300,000    
Percent of outstanding loan 6.00% 6.00%            
Debt, weighted average interest rate 7.40% 7.40%            
STWD 2021-FL2 | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 36 36 36          
Face Amount $ 1,275,042 $ 1,275,042 $ 1,277,474          
Carrying Value $ 1,288,073 $ 1,288,073 $ 1,284,240          
STWD 2021-FL2 | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 1 1 1          
Face Amount $ 1,077,375 $ 1,077,375 $ 1,077,375          
Carrying Value $ 1,074,437 $ 1,074,437 $ 1,072,403          
STWD 2021-FL2 | SOFR | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   1.85%            
STWD 2021-FL2 | Index | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   3.94% 4.04%          
STWD 2021-FL2 | LIBOR | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread     1.80%          
STWD 2019-FL1                
Summary of CLO                
Face Amount               $ 1,100,000
STWD 2019-FL1 | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 14 14 16          
Face Amount $ 737,444 $ 737,444 $ 902,799          
Carrying Value $ 747,484 $ 747,484 $ 906,409          
STWD 2019-FL1 | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 1 1 1          
Face Amount $ 578,016 $ 578,016 $ 739,174          
Carrying Value $ 578,016 $ 578,016 $ 738,473          
STWD 2019-FL1 | SOFR | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   1.64% 1.64%          
STWD 2019-FL1 | Index | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   3.49% 3.67%          
STWD 2021-SIF2                
Summary of CLO                
Face Amount         $ 500,000      
STWD 2021-SIF2 | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 30 30 31          
Face Amount $ 498,888 $ 498,888 $ 495,587          
Carrying Value $ 513,296 $ 513,296 $ 510,730          
STWD 2021-SIF2 | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 1 1 1          
Face Amount $ 410,000 $ 410,000 $ 410,000          
Carrying Value $ 407,940 $ 407,940 $ 407,260          
STWD 2021-SIF2 | SOFR | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   3.87%            
STWD 2021-SIF2 | SOFR | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   2.11% 2.11%          
STWD 2021-SIF2 | Index | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread     3.73%          
STWD 2021-SIF1                
Summary of CLO                
Face Amount             $ 500,000  
Percent of outstanding loan 2.00% 2.00%            
Debt, weighted average interest rate 5.70% 5.70%            
STWD 2021-SIF1 | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 31 31 31          
Face Amount $ 499,203 $ 499,203 $ 495,781          
Carrying Value $ 513,618 $ 513,618 $ 511,471          
STWD 2021-SIF1 | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Count | security 1 1 1          
Face Amount $ 410,000 $ 410,000 $ 410,000          
Carrying Value $ 407,828 $ 407,828 $ 406,753          
STWD 2021-SIF1 | SOFR | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   3.98%            
STWD 2021-SIF1 | SOFR | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread   2.22%            
STWD 2021-SIF1 | Index | Collateral assets                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread     3.76%          
STWD 2021-SIF1 | LIBOR | Financing                
Summary of CLO                
Weighted Average Spread     2.15%          
v3.23.3
Secured Borrowings - Principal Repayments (Details)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
CLOs and SASB  
Repayment of secured financings  
2023 (remainder of) $ 212,438
2024 301,307
2025 1,015,613
2026 1,679,387
2027 123,920
Thereafter 195,317
Total 3,527,982
Secured Borrowings  
Repayment of secured financings  
2023 (remainder of) 503,317
2024 2,955,133
2025 3,379,870
2026 4,697,090
2027 4,833,637
Thereafter 802,865
Total 17,171,912
Repurchase Agreements  
Repayment of secured financings  
2023 (remainder of) 284,742
2024 2,025,069
2025 2,073,125
2026 2,146,190
2027 3,283,708
Thereafter 420,248
Total 10,233,082
Other Secured Financing  
Repayment of secured financings  
2023 (remainder of) 6,137
2024 628,757
2025 291,132
2026 871,513
2027 1,426,009
Thereafter 187,300
Total $ 3,410,848
v3.23.3
Unsecured Senior Notes - Unsecured Convertible Senior Notes Outstanding (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2023
Jul. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Mar. 31, 2017
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Long term debt, gross $ 2,480,750   $ 2,480,750   $ 2,350,000  
Unamortized deferred financing costs (8,806)   (8,806)   (11,620)  
Total carrying amount 2,456,583   2,456,583   2,329,211  
Unamortized discount—Convertible Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Unamortized discount (9,085)   (9,085)   (118)  
Unamortized discount—Senior Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Unamortized discount $ (6,276)   $ (6,276)   (9,051)  
2023 Convertible Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Coupon Rate 4.38%   4.38%     4.375%
Effective Rate 4.57%   4.57%      
Remaining Period of Amortization     0 years      
Long term debt, gross $ 0   $ 0   250,000  
2027 Convertible Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Coupon Rate 6.75%   6.75% 6.75%    
Effective Rate 7.48%   7.48%      
Remaining Period of Amortization     3 years 9 months 18 days      
Long term debt, gross $ 380,750   $ 380,750   0  
2023 Senior Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Coupon Rate 5.50%   5.50%      
Effective Rate 5.71%   5.71%      
Remaining Period of Amortization     1 month 6 days      
Long term debt, gross $ 300,000   $ 300,000   300,000  
2024 Senior Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Coupon Rate 3.75%   3.75%      
Effective Rate 3.94%   3.94%      
Remaining Period of Amortization     1 year 3 months 18 days      
Long term debt, gross $ 400,000   $ 400,000   400,000  
2025 Senior Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Coupon Rate 4.75%   4.75%      
Effective Rate 5.04%   5.04%      
Remaining Period of Amortization     1 year 6 months      
Long term debt, gross $ 500,000   $ 500,000   500,000  
2026 Senior Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Coupon Rate 3.63%   3.63%      
Effective Rate 3.77%   3.77%      
Remaining Period of Amortization     2 years 9 months 18 days      
Long term debt, gross $ 400,000   $ 400,000   400,000  
2027 Senior Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Coupon Rate 4.375%   4.375%      
Effective Rate 4.49%   4.49%      
Remaining Period of Amortization     3 years 3 months 18 days      
Long term debt, gross $ 500,000   $ 500,000   $ 500,000  
LIBOR | 2025 Senior Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Long term debt, gross $ 470,000   $ 470,000      
Pricing margin (as a percent)   2.53%        
SOFR            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Pricing margin (as a percent) 2.53%          
SOFR | 2027 Senior Notes            
Unsecured Senior Notes            
Pricing margin (as a percent)     2.95%      
v3.23.3
Unsecured Senior Notes - Narrative (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
$ / shares
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Item
$ / shares
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Apr. 01, 2023
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2017
USD ($)
Unsecured Senior Notes              
Interest expense   $ 368,357 $ 222,423 $ 1,066,990 $ 501,492    
Closing share price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 19.35   $ 19.35      
Convertible Senior Notes              
Unsecured Senior Notes              
Interest expense   $ 6,700 $ 2,900 $ 9,700 $ 8,700    
2027 Convertible Notes              
Unsecured Senior Notes              
Face amount $ 380,800            
Coupon rate (as a percent) 6.75% 6.75%   6.75%      
Proceeds from convertible debt $ 371,200            
Amount by which if-converted value of the Notes are less than principal amount       $ 25,800      
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 20.76   $ 20.76      
If-converted value   $ 355,000   $ 355,000      
Convertible notes carrying value   371,000   371,000      
Convertible notes fair value   $ 359,700   $ 359,700      
Minimum number of conditions to be satisfied for conversion of debt | Item       1      
2027 Convertible Notes | Conversion upon satisfaction of closing market price condition              
Unsecured Senior Notes              
Minimum trading period as a basis for debt conversion       20 days      
Consecutive trading period as a basis for debt conversion       30 days      
2027 Convertible Notes | Conversion upon satisfaction of trading price condition              
Unsecured Senior Notes              
Consecutive trading period as a basis for debt conversion       5 days      
2027 Convertible Notes | Minimum | Conversion upon satisfaction of closing market price condition              
Unsecured Senior Notes              
Percentage of conversion price as a basis for debt conversion       110.00%      
Period of average closing market price of common stock as a basis for debt conversion       10 days      
Percentage of per share value of distributions that exceeds the market price of the entity's common stock as a basis for debt conversion       10.00%      
2027 Convertible Notes | Maximum | Conversion upon satisfaction of trading price condition              
Unsecured Senior Notes              
Percentage of conversion price and last reported sales price as a basis for debt conversion       98.00%      
2023 Convertible Notes              
Unsecured Senior Notes              
Face amount             $ 250,000
Coupon rate (as a percent)   4.38%   4.38%     4.375%
Repurchased face amount           $ 250,000  
v3.23.3
Unsecured Senior Notes - Conversion Attributes on Convertible Notes Outstanding (Details)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
$ / shares
Unsecured Senior Notes  
Closing share price (in dollars per share) $ 19.35
2027 Convertible Notes  
Unsecured Senior Notes  
Conversion rate 48.1783
Conversion price (in dollars per share) $ 20.76
v3.23.3
Loan Securitization/Sale Activities - Loans (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Investing and Servicing Segment | Commercial Loans        
Loan Transfer Activities        
Face Amount $ 119,764 $ 33,000 $ 292,651 $ 1,038,889
Proceeds 123,633 30,957 294,951 1,022,754
Investing and Servicing Segment | Residential Loans        
Loan Transfer Activities        
Face Amount 0 0 0 1,905,829
Proceeds 0 0 0 1,913,459
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Mezzanine Loans        
Loan Transfers Accounted for as Sales Residential Loans        
Face Amount 42,500   95,500  
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Whole Loan Interests        
Loan Transfers Accounted for as Sales Residential Loans        
Face Amount   63,700   63,700
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans   64,500   64,500
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | First Mortgage Loans        
Loan Transfers Accounted for as Sales Residential Loans        
Face Amount       7,000
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans       6,500
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Commercial Loans        
Loan Transfers Accounted for as Sales Residential Loans        
Face Amount 42,496 63,656 95,496 70,636
Proceeds 42,370 64,539 95,282 71,008
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Residential Loans        
Loan Transfers Accounted for as Sales Residential Loans        
Face Amount 0 1,152 0 1,057,013
Proceeds $ 0 $ 1,141 $ 0 $ 1,056,683
v3.23.3
Loan Securitization/Sale Activities - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Commercial and Residential Lending Segment        
Loan Transfer Activities        
Net gains (losses) on the sale of loan qualifying for sales treatment $ 0 $ (300,000) $ 0 $ (100,000)
Infrastructure Lending Segment        
Loan Transfer Activities        
Loans held-for-sale face amount $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
v3.23.3
Derivatives and Hedging Activity - Designated and Non-Designated Hedges (Details)
€ in Thousands, £ in Thousands, SFr in Thousands, $ in Thousands, $ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
EUR (€)
contract
Sep. 30, 2023
GBP (£)
contract
Sep. 30, 2023
AUD ($)
contract
Sep. 30, 2023
CHF (SFr)
contract
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
contract
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 683 683 683 683 683
Foreign exchange contracts | EUR | Long          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 11 11 11 11 11
Aggregate Notional Amount | € € 45,627        
Foreign exchange contracts | EUR | Short          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 194 194 194 194 194
Aggregate Notional Amount | € € 824,687        
Foreign exchange contracts | GBP | Long          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 18 18 18 18 18
Aggregate Notional Amount | £   £ 122,142      
Foreign exchange contracts | GBP | Short          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 205 205 205 205 205
Aggregate Notional Amount | £   £ 648,549      
Foreign exchange contracts | AUD | Long          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 5 5 5 5 5
Aggregate Notional Amount | $     $ 379,571    
Foreign exchange contracts | AUD | Short          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 110 110 110 110 110
Aggregate Notional Amount | $     $ 1,070,581    
Foreign exchange contracts | CHF | Short          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 73 73 73 73 73
Aggregate Notional Amount | SFr       SFr 20,891  
Interest rate swaps – Paying fixed rates | USD          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 56 56 56 56 56
Aggregate Notional Amount | $         $ 4,385,516
Interest rate swaps – Receiving fixed rates | USD          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 2 2 2 2 2
Aggregate Notional Amount | $         $ 970,000
Interest rate caps | GBP          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 1 1 1 1 1
Aggregate Notional Amount | £   £ 61,000      
Interest rate caps | USD          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 4 4 4 4 4
Aggregate Notional Amount | $         $ 624,666
Credit instruments | USD          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 3 3 3 3 3
Aggregate Notional Amount | $         $ 49,000
Interest rate swap guarantees | USD          
Derivatives          
Number of Contracts 1 1 1 1 1
Aggregate Notional Amount | $         $ 102,331
v3.23.3
Derivatives and Hedging Activity - Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Fair value of derivative instruments    
Fair Value of Derivatives in an Asset Position $ 133,016 $ 108,621
Fair Value of Derivatives in a Liability Position 85,657 91,404
Interest rate contracts    
Fair value of derivative instruments    
Fair Value of Derivatives in an Asset Position 12,070 10,756
Fair Value of Derivatives in a Liability Position 69,756 69,776
Foreign exchange contracts    
Fair value of derivative instruments    
Fair Value of Derivatives in an Asset Position 119,908 97,289
Fair Value of Derivatives in a Liability Position 15,901 21,628
Credit instruments    
Fair value of derivative instruments    
Fair Value of Derivatives in an Asset Position 1,038 576
Fair Value of Derivatives in a Liability Position $ 0 $ 0
v3.23.3
Derivatives and Hedging Activity - Effect on Financial Statements (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Derivatives        
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income $ 94,883 $ 206,070 $ 118,431 $ 461,921
Interest rate contracts        
Derivatives        
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income 46,255 78,508 99,788 218,698
Interest rate swap guarantees        
Derivatives        
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income 0 0 0 260
Foreign exchange contracts        
Derivatives        
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income 48,549 127,358 18,412 242,042
Credit instruments        
Derivatives        
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income $ 79 $ 204 $ 231 $ 921
v3.23.3
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Derivative assets    
Gross Amounts Recognized $ 133,016 $ 108,621
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position 0 0
Net Amounts Presented in the Statement of Financial Position 133,016 108,621
Derivative assets, Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Financial Position, Financial Instruments 82,124 69,221
Derivative assets, Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Financial Position, Cash Collateral Received/Pledged 0 0
Total net derivative assets 50,892 39,400
Derivative liabilities    
Gross Amounts Recognized 85,657 91,404
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position 0 0
Net Amounts Presented in the Statement of Financial Position 85,657 91,404
Derivative liabilities, Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Financial Position, Financial Instruments 82,124 69,221
Derivative liabilities, Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Financial Position, Cash Collateral Received/Pledged 3,533 22,183
Total net derivative liabilities 0 0
Repurchase agreements    
Gross Amounts Recognized 10,233,082 10,799,120
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position 0 0
Net Amounts Presented in the Statement of Financial Position 10,233,082 10,799,120
Repurchase agreements, Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Financial Position, Financial Instruments 10,233,082 10,799,120
Repurchase agreements, Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Financial Position, Cash Collateral Received/Pledged 0 0
Total net repurchase agreements 0 0
Offsetting Derivative Liability, Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase, Securities Loaned [Abstract]    
Gross Amounts Recognized 10,318,739 10,890,524
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position 0 0
Net Amounts Presented in the Statement of Financial Position 10,318,739 10,890,524
Liabilities, Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Financial Position, Financial Instruments 10,315,206 10,868,341
Liabilities, Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Financial Position, Cash Collateral Received/Pledged 3,533 22,183
Total net liabilities $ 0 $ 0
v3.23.3
Variable Interest Entities - Narrative (Details)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
loan
collateralized_loan_obligation
Jun. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Variable interest entities            
Number of CLOs | collateralized_loan_obligation 5          
Number of SASBs | loan 1          
VIE assets $ 70,293,689,000   $ 79,043,129,000      
VIE liabilities 63,200,233,000   71,844,422,000      
Temporary equity 409,659,000 $ 408,034,000 362,790,000 $ 344,373,000 $ 322,753,000 $ 214,915,000
Investments in unconsolidated entities $ 91,924,000   $ 91,892,000      
CMBS JV            
Variable interest entities            
Ownership percentage 51.00%          
Primary Beneficiary            
Variable interest entities            
VIE assets $ 74,800,000          
VIE liabilities 34,800,000          
Primary Beneficiary | CMBS Venture Holdings            
Variable interest entities            
VIE assets 341,300,000          
VIE liabilities 83,900,000          
Primary Beneficiary | SPT Dolphin            
Variable interest entities            
VIE assets 2,000,000,000          
VIE liabilities 0          
Primary Beneficiary | Woodstar Feeder Fund, L.P.            
Variable interest entities            
VIE assets 600,000,000          
VIE liabilities 0          
Temporary equity 400,000,000          
Not primary beneficiary            
Variable interest entities            
Maximum risk of loss related to VIEs, on fair value basis 18,700,000          
Not primary beneficiary | Measurement Period Adjustments            
Variable interest entities            
Investments in unconsolidated entities 900,000          
Not primary beneficiary | Securitization SPEs            
Variable interest entities            
Long term debt, gross $ 4,500,000,000          
v3.23.3
Variable Interest Entities - Assets and Liabilities of Consolidated CLO (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 195,319 $ 261,061
Loans held-for-investment, net 17,234,205 18,401,439
Investment securities 721,593 815,804
Accrued interest receivable 173,260 168,521
Other assets 526,442 297,477
Total Assets 70,293,689 79,043,129
Liabilities    
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net 3,518,274 3,676,224
Total Liabilities 63,200,233 71,844,422
Primary Beneficiary    
Assets:    
Total Assets 74,800  
Liabilities    
Total Liabilities 34,800  
CLOs and SASB | Primary Beneficiary    
Assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents 34,825 31,611
Investment securities 10,487 36,466
Accrued interest receivable 25,894 20,088
Other assets 8,537 131
Total Assets 4,303,188 4,454,087
Liabilities    
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 20,382 17,737
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net 3,518,274 3,676,224
Total Liabilities 3,538,656 3,693,961
CLOs and SASB | Primary Beneficiary | Loans held for investment    
Assets:    
Loans held-for-investment, net $ 4,223,445 $ 4,365,791
v3.23.3
Related-Party Transactions - Management Agreement (Details) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Related-Party Transactions          
Granted (in shares)     914,694    
Manager Equity Plan          
Related-Party Transactions          
Granted (in shares)     0    
Employee Stock          
Related-Party Transactions          
Share-based expense $ 100,000 $ 100,000 $ 400,000 $ 100,000  
S P T Management L L C          
Related-Party Transactions          
Management fee expense 21,800,000 21,700,000 65,500,000 64,900,000  
Base management fee payable 21,800,000   21,800,000    
Accrued incentive fee 0 900,000 16,200,000 35,100,000  
Unpaid incentive fee 0   0   $ 14,500,000
Executive compensation expense 2,400,000 $ 2,800,000 6,000,000 $ 6,400,000  
Unpaid reimbursable compensation $ 2,500,000   $ 2,500,000   $ 4,900,000
S P T Management L L C | Restricted Stock Awards          
Related-Party Transactions          
Granted (in shares) 0 0 226,955 200,972  
Share-based expense $ 2,200,000 $ 1,900,000 $ 6,500,000 $ 6,800,000  
Grant date values     $ 4,300,000 4,800,000  
S P T Management L L C | Restricted Stock Awards | Manager Equity Plan          
Related-Party Transactions          
Vesting Period     3 years    
S P T Management L L C | Employee Stock          
Related-Party Transactions          
Share-based expense $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0  
v3.23.3
Related-Party Transactions - Manager Equity Plan (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Nov. 30, 2022
Nov. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Related-Party Transactions              
Granted (in shares)           914,694  
Manager Equity Plan              
Related-Party Transactions              
Granted (in shares)           0  
Restricted stock units | Manager Equity Plan              
Related-Party Transactions              
Granted (in shares) 1,500,000 1,800,000 1,200,000        
Share-based expense       $ 5.1 $ 4.5 $ 15.4 $ 13.5
v3.23.3
Related-Party Transactions - Investments in Loans and Securities (Details)
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Aug. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Item
Dec. 31, 2012
USD ($)
shares
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
shares
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
shares
Dec. 31, 2012
USD ($)
shares
SEREF            
Related-Party Transactions            
Number of shares acquired (in shares) | shares           9,140,000
Number of shares redeemed (in shares) | shares       672,166 895,182  
Proceeds from shares redeemed       $ 0.9 $ 1.2  
Remaining held (in shares) | shares       8,244,818 8,244,818  
Ownership percentage         2.00%  
Affiliated Entity | SEREF            
Related-Party Transactions            
Number of shares acquired (in shares) | shares     9,140,000      
Investment securities value at acquisition     $ 14.7     $ 14.7
Investment in equity securities percentage ownership acquired     4.00%      
Number of shares redeemed (in shares) | shares       672,166 895,182  
Proceeds from shares redeemed       $ 0.9 $ 1.2  
Remaining held (in shares) | shares       8,244,818 8,244,818  
Ownership percentage         2.00%  
Affiliated Entity | Development and Recapitalization of Luxury Rental Cabins            
Related-Party Transactions            
Loans payable       $ 148.6 $ 148.6  
Loan number of extension options | Item   3        
Loan extension term   1 year        
Loan payable, payment deferral term   10 months        
Loan payable, payment deferral interest rate   3.00%        
Loans payable, payment deferral, interest       $ 1.1    
Affiliated Entity | Development and Recapitalization of Luxury Rental Cabins | SOFR            
Related-Party Transactions            
Loans payable, basis spread   6.50%        
Affiliated Entity | Origination Of First Mortgage Loan            
Related-Party Transactions            
Proceeds from repayments on loans $ 29.4          
First priority term loan $ 339.2          
Affiliated Entity | Loans Payable | Development and Recapitalization of Luxury Rental Cabins            
Related-Party Transactions            
Face Amount   $ 200.0        
Maturity period   24 months        
v3.23.3
Related-Party Transactions - Lease Arrangements (Details) - Office Lease Agreement with Affiliate of Chairman and CEO - Affiliates of Chairman and CEO
$ in Millions
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
ft²
$ / sqft
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
Apr. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Related-Party Transactions            
Area of office space | ft² 64,424          
Term of master lease agreements 15 years   15 years   15 years  
Annual base rent (in dollars per sq ft) | $ / sqft 52.00          
Percent increase in base rent 3.00%          
Security deposit           $ 1.9
Rent payments   $ 1.1   $ 4.0    
Payments for tenant improvements   0.5 $ 1.0 0.8 $ 2.9  
Rent expense   $ 2.1 $ 1.0 $ 5.4 $ 1.0  
v3.23.3
Related-Party Transactions - Other Related-Party Arrangements (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Highmark Residential        
Related-Party Transactions        
Amounts of transaction $ 1.5 $ 1.4 $ 4.4 $ 4.1
v3.23.3
Stockholders' Equity and Non-Controlling Interests - Declared Dividends (Details) - $ / shares
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 15, 2023
Jun. 15, 2023
Mar. 16, 2023
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]              
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share) $ 0.48 $ 0.48 $ 0.48 $ 0.48 $ 0.48 $ 1.44 $ 1.44
v3.23.3
Stockholders' Equity and Non-Controlling Interests - Narrative (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Nov. 06, 2021
USD ($)
Nov. 05, 2021
USD ($)
Apr. 30, 2022
USD ($)
shares
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
extension
$ / shares
shares
Sep. 30, 2022
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2018
shares
May 31, 2022
USD ($)
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Commission costs under ATM agreement           $ 0 $ 756      
Contributions from non-controlling interests           0 21,926      
Net income       $ 3,114 $ 23,795 51,062 134,298      
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests       $ 3,942 29,276 $ 65,265 158,409      
CMBS JV                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Participation / Ownership %       51.00%   51.00%        
Class A Units                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Number of units outstanding (in shares) | shares       9,800,000   9,800,000        
Woodstar II Portfolio | Class A Units                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests       $ 4,700 4,700 $ 14,100 14,100      
Subsidiaries | Woodstar II Portfolio                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Conversion of stock ratio           1        
Subsidiaries | Woodstar II Portfolio | Class A Units                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Shares issued (in shares) | shares                 10,200,000  
Right to receive additional shares (in shares) | shares           1,900,000     1,900,000  
Subsidiaries | Woodstar II Portfolio | Class A Units | Non- Controlling Interests                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Redemption of units           $ 208,500   $ 208,500    
Woodstar Fund                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Percentage of interest sold   20.60%                
Contributions from non-controlling interests $ 214,200 $ 216,000                
Initial term           8 years        
Number of extension options | extension           2        
Extension term           1 year        
CMBS JV                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Non-controlling interest       $ 135,600   $ 135,600   $ 144,300    
CMBS JV | Joint Venture Partner                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Ownership percentage       49.00%   49.00%        
CMBS JV | Woodstar II Portfolio | Class A Units                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests       $ (4,500) $ (400) $ (1,600) $ 4,500      
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Equity Plan and Manager Equity Plan                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Number of shares of authorized for issuance (in shares) | shares     18,700,000              
Common stock available for future grants (in shares) | shares       16,500,000   16,500,000        
Employee Stock                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Purchase price of fair market value (as a percent)     85.00%              
Maximum purchase value during calendar year, per employee     $ 25              
Number of shares of authorized for issuance (in shares) | shares     2,000,000              
Number of shares issued for future grants (in shares) | shares       21,088 34,625 110,112 34,625      
Purchase price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares       $ 16.51 $ 18.04 $ 15.17 $ 18.04      
Share-based expense       $ 100 $ 100 $ 400 $ 100      
Common stock available for future issuance (in shares) | shares       1,800,000   1,800,000        
ATM Agreement                    
Equity Incentive Plans                    
Authorized value of stock under ATM agreement                   $ 500,000
Number of shares issued (in shares) | shares       0   0 1,415,564      
Proceeds from ATM Agreement             $ 33,300      
Sale of stock average price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares         $ 23.54   $ 23.54      
Commission costs under ATM agreement             $ 700      
v3.23.3
Stockholders' Equity and Non-Controlling Interests - Equity Incentive Plans (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
1 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Nov. 30, 2022
Nov. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Sep. 30, 2023
Equity Incentive Plans        
Amount Granted       914,694
Manager Equity Plan        
Equity Incentive Plans        
Amount Granted       0
Restricted stock units | Manager Equity Plan        
Equity Incentive Plans        
Amount Granted 1,500,000 1,800,000 1,200,000  
Grant Date Fair Value $ 31,605 $ 30,078 $ 29,484  
Vesting Period 3 years 3 years    
Restricted stock units | Manager Equity Plan | Vested immediately on the grant date        
Equity Incentive Plans        
Amount Granted     218,898  
Restricted stock units | Manager Equity Plan | Remaining vesting        
Equity Incentive Plans        
Vesting Period     3 years  
v3.23.3
Stockholders' Equity and Non-Controlling Interests - Non-Vested Shares (Details)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
$ / shares
shares
Non-Vested Shares and Share Equivalents activity  
Balance at the beginning of the period (in shares) 4,338,847
Granted (in shares) 914,694
Vested (in shares) (1,512,743)
Forfeited (in shares) (169,070)
Balance at the end of the period (in shares) 3,571,728
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (per share)  
Balance at the beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 20.65
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 18.93
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 18.35
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 22.76
Balance at the end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 21.08
Equity Plan  
Non-Vested Shares and Share Equivalents activity  
Balance at the beginning of the period (in shares) 2,513,847
Granted (in shares) 914,694
Vested (in shares) (687,743)
Forfeited (in shares) (169,070)
Balance at the end of the period (in shares) 2,571,728
Manager Equity Plan  
Non-Vested Shares and Share Equivalents activity  
Balance at the beginning of the period (in shares) 1,825,000
Granted (in shares) 0
Vested (in shares) (825,000)
Forfeited (in shares) 0
Balance at the end of the period (in shares) 1,000,000
v3.23.3
Earnings per Share - Reconciliation of Net Income and Number of Shares used in Computation of Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Basic Earnings        
Income attributable to STWD common stockholders $ 47,435 $ 194,562 $ 268,252 $ 731,448
Less: Income attributable to participating shares not already deducted as non-controlling interests (1,510) (2,929) (4,962) (15,673)
Basic earnings 45,925 191,633 263,290 715,775
Diluted Earnings        
Income attributable to STWD common stockholders 47,435 194,562 268,252 731,448
Less: Income attributable to participating shares not already deducted as non-controlling interests (1,510) (2,929) (4,962) (15,673)
Add: Undistributed earnings to participating shares 0 1,818 0 11,629
Less: Undistributed earnings reallocated to participating shares 0 (1,763) 0 (11,280)
Diluted earnings $ 45,925 $ 194,594 $ 263,290 $ 724,848
Number of Shares:        
Basic - Average shares outstanding (in shares) 310,268 306,704 309,471 304,908
Effect of dilutive securities - Contingently issuable shares (in shares) 0 23 0 23
Effect of dilutive securities - Unvested non-participating shares (in shares) 298 199 267 161
Diluted - Average shares outstanding (in shares) 310,566 316,575 309,738 314,741
Earnings Per Share Attributable to STWD Common Stockholders:        
Basic (in dollars per share) $ 0.15 $ 0.62 $ 0.85 $ 2.35
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ 0.15 $ 0.61 $ 0.85 $ 2.30
Unamortized discount—Convertible Notes        
Diluted Earnings        
Add: Interest expense on Convertible Notes   $ 2,906   $ 8,724
Number of Shares:        
Effect of dilutive securities - Convertible Notes (in shares)   9,649   9,649
v3.23.3
Earnings per Share - Narrative (Details) - shares
shares in Millions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Class A Units    
Antidilutive securities and effect of dilutive securities    
Number of anti-dilutive common shares excluded from the calculation of diluted income per share (in shares) 9.8 9.8
Restricted Stock    
Antidilutive securities and effect of dilutive securities    
Number of anti-dilutive common shares excluded from the calculation of diluted income per share (in shares) 12.9 12.4
v3.23.3
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Changes in AOCI by component        
Beginning balance $ 6,784,943 $ 6,774,387 $ 6,835,917 $ 6,433,892
Ending balance 6,683,797 6,821,185 6,683,797 6,821,185
Cumulative Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available-for- Sale Securities        
Changes in AOCI by component        
Beginning balance 17,355 28,970 20,955 40,953
OCI before reclassifications (3,286) (6,194) 45 (18,177)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI 45 0 (6,886) 0
Net period OCI (3,241) (6,194) (6,841) (18,177)
Ending balance $ 14,114 $ 22,776 $ 14,114 $ 22,776
v3.23.3
Fair Value - Narrative (Details)
Nov. 05, 2021
Woodstar Fund  
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value  
Term including extensions 10 years
v3.23.3
Fair Value - Financial Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Financial Assets:    
Available-for-sale securities $ 102,076 $ 113,386
Domestic servicing rights 18,188 17,790
Derivative assets 133,016 108,621
VIE assets 70,293,689 79,043,129
Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]    
Derivative liabilities 85,657 91,404
VIE liabilities 63,200,233 71,844,422
Primary Beneficiary    
Financial Assets:    
Woodstar Fund investments 1,979,184 1,761,002
VIE assets 74,800  
Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]    
VIE liabilities 34,800  
Fair value measurements on recurring basis    
Financial Assets:    
Equity security 8,829 9,840
Derivative assets 133,016 108,621
Total 49,531,202 57,267,382
Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]    
Derivative liabilities 85,657 91,404
Total 43,082,761 50,845,759
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Loans under fair value option    
Financial Assets:    
Loans under fair value option 2,602,265 2,784,594
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | RMBS    
Financial Assets:    
Available-for-sale securities 102,076 113,386
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | CMBS    
Financial Assets:    
Available-for-sale securities 18,740 19,108
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Woodstar Fund investments    
Financial Assets:    
Woodstar Fund investments 1,979,184 1,761,002
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Domestic servicing rights    
Financial Assets:    
Domestic servicing rights 18,188 17,790
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | VIE assets | Primary Beneficiary    
Financial Assets:    
VIE assets 44,668,904 52,453,041
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | VIE liabilities | Primary Beneficiary    
Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]    
VIE liabilities 42,997,104 50,754,355
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level I    
Financial Assets:    
Equity security 8,829 9,840
Derivative assets 0 0
Total 8,829 9,840
Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]    
Derivative liabilities 0 0
Total 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level I | Loans under fair value option    
Financial Assets:    
Loans under fair value option 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level I | RMBS    
Financial Assets:    
Available-for-sale securities 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level I | CMBS    
Financial Assets:    
Available-for-sale securities 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level I | Woodstar Fund investments    
Financial Assets:    
Woodstar Fund investments 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level I | Domestic servicing rights    
Financial Assets:    
Domestic servicing rights 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level I | VIE assets | Primary Beneficiary    
Financial Assets:    
VIE assets 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level I | VIE liabilities | Primary Beneficiary    
Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]    
VIE liabilities 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level II    
Financial Assets:    
Equity security 0 0
Derivative assets 133,016 108,621
Total 133,016 108,621
Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]    
Derivative liabilities 85,657 91,404
Total 37,714,357 45,339,816
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level II | Loans under fair value option    
Financial Assets:    
Loans under fair value option 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level II | RMBS    
Financial Assets:    
Available-for-sale securities 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level II | CMBS    
Financial Assets:    
Available-for-sale securities 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level II | Woodstar Fund investments    
Financial Assets:    
Woodstar Fund investments 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level II | Domestic servicing rights    
Financial Assets:    
Domestic servicing rights 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level II | VIE assets | Primary Beneficiary    
Financial Assets:    
VIE assets 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level II | VIE liabilities | Primary Beneficiary    
Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]    
VIE liabilities 37,628,700 45,248,412
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III    
Financial Assets:    
Equity security 0 0
Derivative assets 0 0
Total 49,389,357 57,148,921
Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]    
Derivative liabilities 0 0
Total 5,368,404 5,505,943
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option    
Financial Assets:    
Loans under fair value option 2,602,265 2,784,594
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS    
Financial Assets:    
Available-for-sale securities 102,076 113,386
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | CMBS    
Financial Assets:    
Available-for-sale securities 18,740 19,108
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments    
Financial Assets:    
Woodstar Fund investments 1,979,184 1,761,002
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Domestic servicing rights    
Financial Assets:    
Domestic servicing rights 18,188 17,790
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE assets | Primary Beneficiary    
Financial Assets:    
VIE assets 44,668,904 52,453,041
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE liabilities | Primary Beneficiary    
Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]    
VIE liabilities $ 5,368,404 $ 5,505,943
v3.23.3
Fair Value - Level III (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):        
Net accretion     $ 7,119 $ 9,725
Level III        
Changes in financial assets classified as Level III        
Balance at the beginning of the period $ 45,767,691 $ 55,932,183 51,642,978 60,659,660
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):        
Change in fair value / gain on sale (2,102,931) (2,930,607) (7,214,413) (8,648,038)
Net accretion 1,170 1,744 3,583 6,974
Included in OCI (3,241) (6,194) (6,841) (18,177)
Purchases / Originations 113,237 186,397 362,688 3,793,467
Sales (64,458) (1,266) (235,775) (3,588,953)
Cash repayments / receipts (56,482) (46,526) (158,347) (175,440)
Transfers into Level III (488,051) (571,603) (1,686,976) (1,201,573)
Transfers out of Level III 854,018 171,224 1,314,056 84,731
Consolidation of VIEs       2,551,224
Deconsolidation of VIEs       (728,523)
Balance at the end of the period 44,020,953 52,735,352 44,020,953 52,735,352
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets        
Included in earnings (2,108,185) (2,933,551) (7,233,293) (8,572,782)
Included in OCI (3,286) (6,194) (6,875) (17,771)
Level III | Loans at Fair Value        
Changes in financial assets classified as Level III        
Balance at the beginning of the period 2,673,220 2,197,501 2,784,594 2,936,025
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):        
Change in fair value / gain on sale (66,806) (87,474) (111,247) (326,737)
Net accretion 0 0 0 0
Included in OCI 0 0 0 0
Purchases / Originations 113,237 186,397 362,688 3,793,467
Sales (63,857) (1,266) (235,174) (3,588,953)
Cash repayments / receipts (53,265) (37,998) (137,916) (152,847)
Transfers into Level III 20 1,700 26 1,847
Transfers out of Level III (284) (70,389) (60,706) (474,331)
Consolidation of VIEs       0
Deconsolidation of VIEs       0
Balance at the end of the period 2,602,265 2,188,471 2,602,265 2,188,471
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets        
Included in earnings (73,230) (92,162) (133,679) (258,652)
Included in OCI 0 0 0 0
Level III | RMBS        
Changes in financial assets classified as Level III        
Balance at the beginning of the period 107,216 124,439 113,386 143,980
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):        
Change in fair value / gain on sale 0 0 0 0
Net accretion 1,170 1,744 3,583 6,974
Included in OCI (3,241) (6,194) (6,841) (18,177)
Purchases / Originations 0 0 0 0
Sales (601) 0 (601) 0
Cash repayments / receipts (2,468) (3,412) (7,451) (16,200)
Transfers into Level III 0 0 0 0
Transfers out of Level III 0 0 0 0
Consolidation of VIEs       0
Deconsolidation of VIEs       0
Balance at the end of the period 102,076 116,577 102,076 116,577
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets        
Included in earnings 1,170 1,744 3,552 6,641
Included in OCI (3,286) (6,194) (6,875) (17,771)
Level III | CMBS        
Changes in financial assets classified as Level III        
Balance at the beginning of the period 18,603 20,965 19,108 22,244
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):        
Change in fair value / gain on sale 241 (84) 317 (1,441)
Net accretion 0 0 0 0
Included in OCI 0 0 0 0
Purchases / Originations 0 0 0 0
Sales 0 0 0 0
Cash repayments / receipts (104) (229) (685) (681)
Transfers into Level III 0 0 0 0
Transfers out of Level III 0 0 0 0
Consolidation of VIEs       0
Deconsolidation of VIEs       530
Balance at the end of the period 18,740 20,652 18,740 20,652
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets        
Included in earnings 241 (84) 317 (911)
Included in OCI 0 0 0 0
Level III | Woodstar Fund investments        
Changes in financial assets classified as Level III        
Balance at the beginning of the period 1,976,985 1,558,850 1,761,002 1,040,309
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):        
Change in fair value / gain on sale 2,199 110,415 218,182 628,956
Net accretion 0 0 0 0
Included in OCI 0 0 0 0
Purchases / Originations 0 0 0 0
Sales 0 0 0 0
Cash repayments / receipts 0 0 0 0
Transfers into Level III 0 0 0 0
Transfers out of Level III 0 0 0 0
Consolidation of VIEs       0
Deconsolidation of VIEs       0
Balance at the end of the period 1,979,184 1,669,265 1,979,184 1,669,265
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets        
Included in earnings 2,199 110,415 218,182 628,956
Included in OCI 0 0 0 0
Level III | Domestic servicing rights        
Changes in financial assets classified as Level III        
Balance at the beginning of the period 18,256 17,499 17,790 16,780
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):        
Change in fair value / gain on sale (68) 515 398 1,234
Net accretion 0 0 0 0
Included in OCI 0 0 0 0
Purchases / Originations 0 0 0 0
Sales 0 0 0 0
Cash repayments / receipts 0 0 0 0
Transfers into Level III 0 0 0 0
Transfers out of Level III 0 0 0 0
Consolidation of VIEs       0
Deconsolidation of VIEs       0
Balance at the end of the period 18,188 18,014 18,188 18,014
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets        
Included in earnings (68) 515 398 1,234
Included in OCI 0 0 0 0
Level III | VIE Assets        
Changes in financial assets classified as Level III        
Balance at the beginning of the period 46,864,870 57,993,563 52,453,041 61,280,543
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):        
Change in fair value / gain on sale (2,195,966) (3,778,193) (7,784,137) (10,696,486)
Net accretion 0 0 0 0
Included in OCI 0 0 0 0
Purchases / Originations 0 0 0 0
Sales 0 0 0 0
Cash repayments / receipts 0 0 0 0
Transfers into Level III 0 0 0 0
Transfers out of Level III 0 0 0 0
Consolidation of VIEs       4,361,325
Deconsolidation of VIEs       (730,012)
Balance at the end of the period 44,668,904 54,215,370 44,668,904 54,215,370
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets        
Included in earnings (2,195,966) (3,778,193) (7,784,137) (10,696,486)
Included in OCI 0 0 0 0
Level III | VIE Liabilities        
Changes in financial assets classified as Level III        
Balance at the beginning of the period (5,891,459) (5,980,634) (5,505,943) (4,780,221)
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses):        
Change in fair value / gain on sale 157,469 824,214 462,074 1,746,436
Net accretion 0 0 0 0
Included in OCI 0 0 0 0
Purchases / Originations 0 0 0 0
Sales 0 0 0 0
Cash repayments / receipts (645) (4,887) (12,295) (5,712)
Transfers into Level III (488,071) (573,303) (1,687,002) (1,203,420)
Transfers out of Level III 854,302 241,613 1,374,762 559,062
Consolidation of VIEs       (1,810,101)
Deconsolidation of VIEs       959
Balance at the end of the period (5,368,404) (5,492,997) (5,368,404) (5,492,997)
Amount of unrealized gains (losses) attributable to assets        
Included in earnings 157,469 824,214 462,074 1,746,436
Included in OCI $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
v3.23.3
Fair Value - Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Financial assets not carried at fair value:    
Loans $ 17,234,205 $ 18,401,439
HTM debt securities 604,942 676,652
Carrying Value    
Financial assets not carried at fair value:    
Loans 17,234,205 18,401,439
HTM debt securities 591,948 673,470
Financial liabilities not carried at fair value:    
Secured financing agreements, CLOs and SASB 17,076,155 18,177,756
Unsecured senior notes 2,456,583 2,329,211
Fair Value    
Financial assets not carried at fair value:    
Loans 17,185,073 18,215,072
HTM debt securities 562,523 637,275
Financial liabilities not carried at fair value:    
Secured financing agreements, CLOs and SASB 16,926,451 18,017,651
Unsecured senior notes $ 2,314,681 $ 2,199,135
v3.23.3
Fair Value - Significant Unobservable Inputs (Details)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities $ 102,076 $ 113,386
Domestic servicing rights 18,188 17,790
VIE assets 70,293,689 79,043,129
VIE liabilities 63,200,233 71,844,422
Primary Beneficiary    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Woodstar Fund investments 1,979,184 1,761,002
VIE assets 74,800  
VIE liabilities 34,800  
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Loans under fair value option    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 2,602,265 2,784,594
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | RMBS    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities 102,076 113,386
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | CMBS    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities 18,740 19,108
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Woodstar Fund investments    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Woodstar Fund investments 1,979,184 1,761,002
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Domestic servicing rights, at fair value    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Domestic servicing rights 18,188 17,790
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | VIE assets | Primary Beneficiary    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE assets 44,668,904 52,453,041
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | VIE liabilities | Primary Beneficiary    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE liabilities 42,997,104 50,754,355
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option $ 2,602,265 $ 2,784,594
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Minimum    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option, duration 4 years 6 months 5 years 3 months 18 days
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Minimum | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 0.028 0.028
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Minimum | FICO score    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 585 585
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Minimum | LTV    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 0 0.04
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Minimum | Purchase price    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 0.800 0.800
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Maximum    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option, duration 38 years 9 months 18 days 39 years 6 months
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Maximum | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 0.099 0.093
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Maximum | FICO score    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 900 900
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Maximum | LTV    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 1.38 0.92
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Maximum | Purchase price    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 1.141 1.086
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Weighted-average    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option, duration 27 years 1 month 6 days 28 years 7 months 6 days
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Weighted-average | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 0.046 0.045
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Weighted-average | FICO score    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 749 749
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Weighted-average | LTV    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 0.66 0.67
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Loans under fair value option | Weighted-average | Purchase price    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loans under fair value option 1.013 1.014
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities $ 102,076 $ 113,386
Loss severity for specified percentage of portfolio (as a percent) 7.00% 10.00%
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Minimum    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loss severity for specified percentage of portfolio (as a percent) 45.00% 45.00%
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Minimum | Constant prepayment rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.027 0.028
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Minimum | Constant default rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.010 0.011
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Minimum | Loss severity    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Minimum | Delinquency rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.08 0.06
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Minimum | Servicer advances    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.27 0.31
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Minimum | Annual coupon deterioration    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Minimum | Putback amount per projected total collateral loss    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Maximum    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Loss severity for specified percentage of portfolio (as a percent) 80.00% 80.00%
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Maximum | Constant prepayment rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.100 0.120
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Maximum | Constant default rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.042 0.044
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Maximum | Loss severity    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.91 1.09
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Maximum | Delinquency rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.24 0.29
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Maximum | Servicer advances    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.78 0.777
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Maximum | Annual coupon deterioration    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.032 0.026
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Maximum | Putback amount per projected total collateral loss    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.08 0.08
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Weighted-average | Constant prepayment rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.050 0.055
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Weighted-average | Constant default rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.018 0.020
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Weighted-average | Loss severity    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.20 0.24
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Weighted-average | Delinquency rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.14 0.16
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Weighted-average | Servicer advances    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.51 0.53
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Weighted-average | Annual coupon deterioration    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.001 0.001
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | RMBS | Weighted-average | Putback amount per projected total collateral loss    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.005 0.005
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | CMBS    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities $ 18,740 $ 19,108
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | CMBS | Minimum    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
CMBS, term 0 days 0 years
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | CMBS | Minimum | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | CMBS | Maximum    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
CMBS, term 6 years 10 months 24 days 7 years 8 months 12 days
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | CMBS | Maximum | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 6.632 1.175
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | CMBS | Weighted-average    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
CMBS, term 2 years 7 months 6 days 3 years
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | CMBS | Weighted-average | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.107 0.101
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Woodstar Fund investments $ 1,979,184 $ 1,761,002
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments | Direct capitalization rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.042 0.042
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments | Minimum | Discount rate - properties    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input   0.063
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments | Minimum | Discount rate - debt    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.057 0.056
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments | Minimum | Terminal capitalization rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input   0.050
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments | Maximum | Discount rate - properties    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input   0.068
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments | Maximum | Discount rate - debt    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.077 0.067
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments | Maximum | Terminal capitalization rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input   0.055
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments | Weighted-average | Discount rate - properties    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input   0.065
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments | Weighted-average | Discount rate - debt    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.063 0.061
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments | Weighted-average | Terminal capitalization rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input   0.051
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Woodstar Fund investments | Weighted-average | Direct capitalization rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Available-for-sale securities, measurement input 0.042 0.042
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Domestic servicing rights, at fair value    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Domestic servicing rights $ 18,188 $ 17,790
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Domestic servicing rights, at fair value | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Domestic servicing rights 0.0850 0.0825
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Domestic servicing rights, at fair value | Discount rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Domestic servicing rights 0.15 0.15
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Domestic servicing rights, at fair value | Weighted-average | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Domestic servicing rights 0.0850 0.0825
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | Domestic servicing rights, at fair value | Weighted-average | Discount rate    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
Domestic servicing rights 0.15 0.15
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE assets | Minimum    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE duration (in years) 0 days 0 years
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE assets | Minimum | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE assets 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE assets | Maximum    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE duration (in years) 10 years 2 months 12 days 11 years
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE assets | Maximum | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE assets 4.201 4.536
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE assets | Weighted-average    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE duration (in years) 2 years 4 months 24 days 2 years 4 months 24 days
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE assets | Weighted-average | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE assets 0.168 0.153
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE assets | Primary Beneficiary    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE assets $ 44,668,904 $ 52,453,041
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE liabilities | Minimum    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE duration (in years) 0 days 0 years
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE liabilities | Minimum | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE liabilities 0 0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE liabilities | Maximum    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE duration (in years) 10 years 2 months 12 days 11 years
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE liabilities | Maximum | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE liabilities 4.201 4.536
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE liabilities | Weighted-average    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE duration (in years) 2 years 1 month 6 days 1 year 9 months 18 days
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE liabilities | Weighted-average | Debt yield    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE liabilities 0.118 0.104
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Level III | VIE liabilities | Primary Beneficiary    
Quantitative information for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis    
VIE liabilities $ 5,368,404 $ 5,505,943
v3.23.3
Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Income Taxes    
VIE assets $ 70,293,689 $ 79,043,129
Investing and Servicing Segment | TRS entities    
Income Taxes    
VIE assets $ 3,100,000 $ 3,200,000
v3.23.3
Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Tax Rate (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Reconciliation of statutory tax to effective tax        
Federal statutory tax rate $ 8,395 $ 36,768 $ 66,049 $ 176,580
REIT and other non-taxable income (17,486) (75,642) (81,262) (213,073)
State income taxes (2,987) (12,772) (4,999) (11,990)
Federal benefit of state tax deduction 628 2,682 1,050 2,518
Intra-entity transfers 0 0 0 (3,868)
Other 51 209 165 834
Effective tax rate $ (11,399) $ (48,755) $ (18,997) $ (48,999)
Reconciliation of statutory tax rate to effective tax rate        
Federal statutory tax rate 21.00% 21.00% 21.00% 21.00%
REIT and other non-taxable income (43.70%) (43.10%) (25.80%) (25.30%)
State income taxes (7.50%) (7.30%) (1.60%) (1.40%)
Federal benefit of state tax deduction 1.60% 1.50% 0.30% 0.30%
Intra-entity transfers 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% (0.50%)
Other 0.10% 0.10% 0.10% 0.10%
Effective tax rate (28.50%) (27.80%) (6.00%) (5.80%)
v3.23.3
Commitments and Contingencies (Details)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Commitments | Commercial and Residential Lending Segment  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Value of loans with future funding commitments $ 1,800.0
Value of loans with future funding commitments expected to fund 1,400.0
Commitments | Infrastructure Lending Segment  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Value of loans with future funding commitments 167.3
Revolvers and Letters of Credit | Infrastructure Lending Segment  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Value of loans with future funding commitments 121.1
Outstanding 8.5
Delayed Draw Term Loans | Infrastructure Lending Segment  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Value of loans with future funding commitments $ 46.2
v3.23.3
Segment Data - Results of Operations (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Revenues:        
Interest income from loans $ 457,299 $ 328,354 $ 1,344,056 $ 823,123
Interest income from investment securities 20,133 19,019 57,689 48,308
Servicing fees 8,630 8,427 22,228 30,972
Rental income 33,091 32,932 97,687 96,036
Other revenues 2,394 1,809 5,970 11,680
Total revenues 521,547 390,541 1,527,630 1,010,119
Costs and expenses:        
Management fees 27,143 27,356 97,661 114,275
Interest expense 368,357 222,423 1,066,990 501,492
General and administrative 46,691 45,495 131,955 134,821
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs 211 1,213 625 2,152
Costs of rental operations 11,777 12,206 34,910 32,094
Depreciation and amortization 12,271 12,611 37,010 36,498
Credit loss provision, net 52,634 15,343 217,753 20,123
Other expense 516 0 1,490 1,313
Total costs and expenses 519,600 336,647 1,588,394 842,768
Other income (loss):        
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs 43,763 37,146 139,024 72,268
Change in fair value of servicing rights (68) 515 398 1,234
Change in fair value of investment securities, net 283 (83) 353 (1,683)
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net (66,806) (87,474) (111,247) (326,737)
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities (1,309) (2,044) 11,378 911
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net 10,616 13,453 15,486 112,059
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net 94,883 206,070 118,431 461,921
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net (56,646) (107,318) (18,293) (213,201)
Loss on extinguishment of debt (1,072) (212) (2,256) (1,035)
Other (loss) income, net (2,521) (56,391) (31,686) (90,963)
Total other income 38,031 121,189 375,284 673,507
Income before income taxes 39,978 175,083 314,520 840,858
Income tax benefit 11,399 48,755 18,997 48,999
Net income 51,377 223,838 333,517 889,857
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (3,942) (29,276) (65,265) (158,409)
Net income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc. 47,435 194,562 268,252 731,448
Primary Beneficiary        
Other income (loss):        
Income from affordable housing fund investments 16,908 117,527 253,696 658,733
Subtotal        
Revenues:        
Interest income from loans 457,299 328,354 1,344,056 823,123
Interest income from investment securities 61,466 57,349 173,641 151,075
Servicing fees 11,375 11,972 30,913 41,937
Rental income 33,091 32,932 97,687 96,036
Other revenues 2,394 1,812 5,970 11,692
Total revenues 565,625 432,419 1,652,267 1,123,863
Costs and expenses:        
Management fees 27,143 27,356 97,661 114,275
Interest expense 368,569 222,640 1,067,623 502,139
General and administrative 46,691 45,409 131,955 134,556
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs 211 1,213 625 2,152
Costs of rental operations 11,777 12,206 34,910 32,094
Depreciation and amortization 12,271 12,611 37,010 36,498
Credit loss provision, net 52,634 15,343 217,753 20,123
Other expense 516   1,490 1,313
Total costs and expenses 519,812 336,778 1,589,027 843,150
Other income (loss):        
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of servicing rights (983) 357 (2,684) 683
Change in fair value of investment securities, net 703 (5,014) 16,553 (43,872)
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net (66,806) (87,474) (111,247) (326,737)
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities (917) (1,550) 13,280 2,534
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net 10,616 13,453 15,486 112,059
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net 94,883 206,070 118,431 461,921
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net (56,646) (107,318) (18,293) (213,201)
Loss on extinguishment of debt (1,072) (212) (2,256) (1,035)
Other (loss) income, net (2,521) (56,391) (31,686) (90,988)
Total other income (5,835) 79,448 251,280 560,097
Income before income taxes 39,978 175,089 314,520 840,810
Income tax benefit 11,399 48,755 18,997 48,999
Net income 51,377 223,844 333,517 889,809
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (3,942) (29,282) (65,265) (158,361)
Net income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc. 47,435 194,562 268,252 731,448
Subtotal | Primary Beneficiary        
Other income (loss):        
Income from affordable housing fund investments 16,908 117,527 253,696 658,733
Operating segment | Commercial and Residential Lending Segment        
Revenues:        
Interest income from loans 397,045 284,197 1,166,758 714,222
Interest income from investment securities 36,178 28,560 102,462 71,987
Servicing fees 147 142 441 420
Rental income 2,470 1,944 6,410 4,674
Other revenues 822 138 2,007 251
Total revenues 436,662 314,981 1,278,078 791,554
Costs and expenses:        
Management fees 199 227 629 758
Interest expense 247,727 145,107 724,452 301,935
General and administrative 15,659 16,458 42,117 39,905
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs 207 1,164 665 2,401
Costs of rental operations 2,475 2,633 7,505 4,978
Depreciation and amortization 1,912 1,629 5,262 3,106
Credit loss provision, net 51,487 8,401 200,439 13,027
Other expense 516   1,451 1,251
Total costs and expenses 320,182 175,619 982,520 367,361
Other income (loss):        
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of servicing rights 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of investment securities, net 21,456 16,398 62,766 (5,019)
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net (68,450) (90,159) (125,390) (327,743)
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities 1,142 (4,044) 3,563 (2,598)
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net (52) (288) (140) 86,460
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net 99,735 220,296 132,686 465,831
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net (56,309) (107,087) (18,118) (212,672)
Loss on extinguishment of debt (757) 0 (1,822) (206)
Other (loss) income, net (2,527) (56,391) (31,693) (90,988)
Total other income (5,762) (21,275) 21,852 (86,935)
Income before income taxes 110,718 118,087 317,410 337,258
Income tax benefit 9,823 53,099 15,981 57,682
Net income 120,541 171,186 333,391 394,940
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (3) (3) (10) (10)
Net income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc. 120,538 171,183 333,381 394,930
Operating segment | Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Primary Beneficiary        
Other income (loss):        
Income from affordable housing fund investments 0 0 0 0
Operating segment | Infrastructure Lending Segment        
Revenues:        
Interest income from loans 58,628 43,018 172,969 100,097
Interest income from investment securities 155 1,204 1,658 3,124
Servicing fees 0 0 0 0
Rental income 0 0 0 0
Other revenues 469 129 995 287
Total revenues 59,252 44,351 175,622 103,508
Costs and expenses:        
Management fees 0 0 0 0
Interest expense 34,887 22,500 103,188 49,431
General and administrative 3,822 3,588 11,520 10,730
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs 4 2 17 3
Costs of rental operations 0 0 0 0
Depreciation and amortization 27 101 84 310
Credit loss provision, net 1,147 6,942 17,314 7,096
Other expense 0   0 0
Total costs and expenses 39,887 33,133 132,123 67,570
Other income (loss):        
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of servicing rights 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of investment securities, net 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net 0 0 0 0
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities (2,459) 1,892 1,324 2,631
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net 0 0 0 0
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net 98 331 244 1,228
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net (382) (253) (225) (570)
Loss on extinguishment of debt 0 0 0 (469)
Other (loss) income, net (6) 0 0 0
Total other income (2,749) 1,970 1,343 2,820
Income before income taxes 16,616 13,188 44,842 38,758
Income tax benefit 243 2 581 7
Net income 16,859 13,190 45,423 38,765
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests 0 0 0 0
Net income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc. 16,859 13,190 45,423 38,765
Operating segment | Infrastructure Lending Segment | Primary Beneficiary        
Other income (loss):        
Income from affordable housing fund investments 0 0 0 0
Operating segment | Property Segment        
Revenues:        
Interest income from loans 0 0 0 0
Interest income from investment securities 0 0 0 0
Servicing fees 0 0 0 0
Rental income 23,567 22,886 70,587 67,879
Other revenues 193 54 494 152
Total revenues 23,760 22,940 71,081 68,031
Costs and expenses:        
Management fees 0 0 0 0
Interest expense 14,161 9,266 40,229 22,421
General and administrative 1,021 933 2,966 2,964
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs 0 0 0 7
Costs of rental operations 6,039 5,793 17,034 16,010
Depreciation and amortization 7,930 8,161 24,061 24,559
Credit loss provision, net 0 0 0 0
Other expense 0   23 55
Total costs and expenses 29,151 24,153 84,313 66,016
Other income (loss):        
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of servicing rights 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of investment securities, net 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net 0 0 0 0
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities 0 0 0 0
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net 0 0 0 0
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net 557 10,262 4,448 33,162
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net 45 22 50 41
Loss on extinguishment of debt 0 0 0 0
Other (loss) income, net 0 0 (5) 0
Total other income 17,510 127,811 258,189 691,936
Income before income taxes 12,119 126,598 244,957 693,951
Income tax benefit 0 0 0 0
Net income 12,119 126,598 244,957 693,951
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (7,812) (28,486) (65,149) (148,379)
Net income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc. 4,307 98,112 179,808 545,572
Operating segment | Property Segment | Primary Beneficiary        
Other income (loss):        
Income from affordable housing fund investments 16,908 117,527 253,696 658,733
Operating segment | Investing and Servicing Segment        
Revenues:        
Interest income from loans 1,626 1,139 4,329 8,804
Interest income from investment securities 25,133 27,585 69,521 75,964
Servicing fees 11,228 11,830 30,472 41,517
Rental income 7,054 8,102 20,690 23,483
Other revenues 407 1,491 1,302 10,999
Total revenues 45,448 50,147 126,314 160,767
Costs and expenses:        
Management fees 0 0 0 0
Interest expense 8,448 6,601 24,752 19,202
General and administrative 21,365 20,046 62,052 66,603
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs 0 47 (57) (259)
Costs of rental operations 3,263 3,780 10,371 11,106
Depreciation and amortization 2,402 2,720 7,603 8,523
Credit loss provision, net 0 0 0 0
Other expense 0   16 7
Total costs and expenses 35,478 33,194 104,737 105,182
Other income (loss):        
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of servicing rights (983) 357 (2,684) 683
Change in fair value of investment securities, net (20,753) (21,412) (46,213) (38,853)
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net 1,644 2,685 14,143 1,006
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities 400 602 8,393 2,501
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net 10,668 13,741 15,626 25,599
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net 4,116 6,849 4,469 43,719
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net 0 0 0 0
Loss on extinguishment of debt (315) (212) (434) (360)
Other (loss) income, net 12 0 12 0
Total other income (5,211) 2,610 (6,688) 34,295
Income before income taxes 4,759 19,563 14,889 89,880
Income tax benefit 1,333 (4,346) 2,435 (8,690)
Net income 6,092 15,217 17,324 81,190
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests 3,873 (793) (106) (9,972)
Net income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc. 9,965 14,424 17,218 71,218
Operating segment | Investing and Servicing Segment | Primary Beneficiary        
Other income (loss):        
Income from affordable housing fund investments 0 0 0 0
Corporate        
Revenues:        
Interest income from loans 0 0 0 0
Interest income from investment securities 0 0 0 0
Servicing fees 0 0 0 0
Rental income 0 0 0 0
Other revenues 503 0 1,172 3
Total revenues 503 0 1,172 3
Costs and expenses:        
Management fees 26,944 27,129 97,032 113,517
Interest expense 63,346 39,166 175,002 109,150
General and administrative 4,824 4,384 13,300 14,354
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs 0 0 0 0
Costs of rental operations 0 0 0 0
Depreciation and amortization 0 0 0 0
Credit loss provision, net 0 0 0 0
Other expense 0   0 0
Total costs and expenses 95,114 70,679 285,334 237,021
Other income (loss):        
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of servicing rights 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of investment securities, net 0 0 0 0
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net 0 0 0 0
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities 0 0 0 0
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net 0 0 0 0
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net (9,623) (31,668) (23,416) (82,019)
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net 0 0 0 0
Loss on extinguishment of debt 0 0 0 0
Other (loss) income, net 0 0 0 0
Total other income (9,623) (31,668) (23,416) (82,019)
Income before income taxes (104,234) (102,347) (307,578) (319,037)
Income tax benefit 0 0 0 0
Net income (104,234) (102,347) (307,578) (319,037)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests 0 0 0 0
Net income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc. (104,234) (102,347) (307,578) (319,037)
Corporate | Primary Beneficiary        
Other income (loss):        
Income from affordable housing fund investments 0 0 0 0
Securitization VIEs        
Revenues:        
Interest income from loans 0 0 0 0
Interest income from investment securities (41,333) (38,330) (115,952) (102,767)
Servicing fees (2,745) (3,545) (8,685) (10,965)
Rental income 0 0 0 0
Other revenues 0 (3) 0 (12)
Total revenues (44,078) (41,878) (124,637) (113,744)
Costs and expenses:        
Management fees 0 0 0 0
Interest expense (212) (217) (633) (647)
General and administrative 0 86 0 265
Acquisition and investment pursuit costs 0 0 0 0
Costs of rental operations 0 0 0 0
Depreciation and amortization 0 0 0 0
Credit loss provision, net 0 0 0 0
Other expense 0   0 0
Total costs and expenses (212) (131) (633) (382)
Other income (loss):        
Change in net assets related to consolidated VIEs 43,763 37,146 139,024 72,268
Change in fair value of servicing rights 915 158 3,082 551
Change in fair value of investment securities, net (420) 4,931 (16,200) 42,189
Change in fair value of mortgage loans, net 0 0 0 0
Earnings (loss) from unconsolidated entities (392) (494) (1,902) (1,623)
(Loss) gain on sale of investments and other assets, net 0 0 0 0
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments, net 0 0 0 0
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net 0 0 0 0
Loss on extinguishment of debt 0 0 0 0
Other (loss) income, net 0 0 0 25
Total other income 43,866 41,741 124,004 113,410
Income before income taxes 0 (6) 0 48
Income tax benefit 0 0 0 0
Net income 0 (6) 0 48
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests 0 6 0 (48)
Net income attributable to Starwood Property Trust, Inc. 0 0 0 0
Securitization VIEs | Primary Beneficiary        
Other income (loss):        
Income from affordable housing fund investments $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
v3.23.3
Segment Data - Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Sep. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Assets:            
Cash and cash equivalents $ 195,319   $ 261,061      
Restricted cash 235,951   121,072      
Loans held-for-investment, net 17,234,205   18,401,439      
Loans held-for-sale 2,602,265   2,784,594      
Investment securities 721,593   815,804      
Properties, net 1,405,791   1,449,986      
Investments in unconsolidated entities 91,924   91,892      
Goodwill 259,846   259,846      
Intangible assets 65,989   68,773      
Derivative assets 133,016   108,621      
Accrued interest receivable 173,260   168,521      
Other assets 526,442   297,477      
VIE assets, at fair value 44,668,904   52,453,041      
Total Assets 70,293,689   79,043,129      
Liabilities:            
Dividends payable 152,737   151,511      
Derivative liabilities 85,657   91,404      
Secured financing agreements, net 13,557,881   14,501,532      
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net 3,518,274   3,676,224      
Unsecured senior notes, net 2,456,583   2,329,211      
VIE liabilities, at fair value 42,997,104   50,754,355      
Total Liabilities 63,200,233   71,844,422      
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests 409,659   362,790      
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:            
Common stock 3,205   3,181      
Additional paid-in capital 5,855,962   5,807,087      
Treasury stock (138,022)   (138,022)      
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 585,756   769,237      
Accumulated other comprehensive income 14,114   20,955      
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity 6,321,015   6,462,438      
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries 362,782   373,479      
Total Permanent Equity 6,683,797 $ 6,784,943 6,835,917 $ 6,821,185 $ 6,774,387 $ 6,433,892
Total Liabilities and Equity 70,293,689   79,043,129      
Nonrelated Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 407,715   298,999      
Related Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 24,282   41,186      
Primary Beneficiary            
Assets:            
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund 1,979,184   1,761,002      
Total Assets 74,800          
Liabilities:            
Total Liabilities 34,800          
Infrastructure Lending Segment            
Assets:            
Goodwill 119,400   119,400      
Investing and Servicing Segment            
Assets:            
Goodwill 140,400   140,400      
Subtotal            
Assets:            
Cash and cash equivalents 195,319   261,061      
Restricted cash 235,951   121,072      
Loans held-for-investment, net 17,234,205   18,401,439      
Loans held-for-sale 2,602,265   2,784,594      
Investment securities 2,363,380   2,482,725      
Properties, net 1,405,791   1,449,986      
Investments in unconsolidated entities 106,481   105,434      
Goodwill 259,846   259,846      
Intangible assets 101,963   107,831      
Derivative assets 133,016   108,621      
Accrued interest receivable 173,545   168,796      
Other assets 526,442   297,477      
VIE assets, at fair value 0   0      
Total Assets 27,317,388   28,309,884      
Liabilities:            
Dividends payable 152,737   151,511      
Derivative liabilities 85,657   91,404      
Secured financing agreements, net 13,578,739   14,522,698      
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net 3,518,274   3,676,224      
Unsecured senior notes, net 2,456,583   2,329,211      
VIE liabilities, at fair value 0   0      
Total Liabilities 20,223,987   21,111,233      
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests 409,659   362,790      
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:            
Common stock 3,205   3,181      
Additional paid-in capital 5,855,962   5,807,087      
Treasury stock (138,022)   (138,022)      
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 585,756   769,237      
Accumulated other comprehensive income 14,114   20,955      
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity 6,321,015   6,462,438      
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries 362,727   373,423      
Total Permanent Equity 6,683,742   6,835,861      
Total Liabilities and Equity 27,317,388   28,309,884      
Subtotal | Nonrelated Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 407,715   298,999      
Subtotal | Related Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 24,282   41,186      
Subtotal | Primary Beneficiary            
Assets:            
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund 1,979,184   1,761,002      
Operating segment | Commercial and Residential Lending Segment            
Assets:            
Cash and cash equivalents 7,078   68,593      
Restricted cash 29,474   18,556      
Loans held-for-investment, net 14,950,568   16,038,930      
Loans held-for-sale 2,499,681   2,763,458      
Investment securities 1,237,362   1,250,893      
Properties, net 469,343   463,492      
Investments in unconsolidated entities 25,207   25,326      
Goodwill 0   0      
Intangible assets 14,153   11,908      
Derivative assets 123,662   101,082      
Accrued interest receivable 160,815   151,852      
Other assets 394,099   170,177      
VIE assets, at fair value 0   0      
Total Assets 19,911,442   21,064,267      
Liabilities:            
Dividends payable 0   0      
Derivative liabilities 15,901   21,523      
Secured financing agreements, net 9,974,212   10,804,970      
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net 2,702,506   2,862,211      
Unsecured senior notes, net 0   0      
VIE liabilities, at fair value 0   0      
Total Liabilities 12,958,650   13,835,601      
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests 0   0      
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:            
Common stock 0   0      
Additional paid-in capital 1,522,081   2,124,496      
Treasury stock 0   0      
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 5,416,479   5,083,100      
Accumulated other comprehensive income 14,114   20,955      
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity 6,952,674   7,228,551      
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries 118   115      
Total Permanent Equity 6,952,792   7,228,666      
Total Liabilities and Equity 19,911,442   21,064,267      
Operating segment | Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Nonrelated Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 266,031   146,897      
Operating segment | Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Related Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 0   0      
Operating segment | Commercial and Residential Lending Segment | Primary Beneficiary            
Assets:            
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund 0   0      
Operating segment | Infrastructure Lending Segment            
Assets:            
Cash and cash equivalents 35,247   31,153      
Restricted cash 22,178   31,133      
Loans held-for-investment, net 2,274,318   2,352,932      
Loans held-for-sale 0   0      
Investment securities 19,582   66,204      
Properties, net 0   0      
Investments in unconsolidated entities 48,224   47,078      
Goodwill 119,409   119,409      
Intangible assets 0   0      
Derivative assets 134   122      
Accrued interest receivable 9,574   9,856      
Other assets 6,306   3,614      
VIE assets, at fair value 0   0      
Total Assets 2,534,972   2,661,501      
Liabilities:            
Dividends payable 0   0      
Derivative liabilities 0   105      
Secured financing agreements, net 935,043   1,042,679      
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net 815,768   814,013      
Unsecured senior notes, net 0   0      
VIE liabilities, at fair value 0   0      
Total Liabilities 1,772,696   1,877,453      
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests 0   0      
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:            
Common stock 0   0      
Additional paid-in capital 616,063   683,258      
Treasury stock 0   0      
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 146,213   100,790      
Accumulated other comprehensive income 0   0      
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity 762,276   784,048      
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries 0   0      
Total Permanent Equity 762,276   784,048      
Total Liabilities and Equity 2,534,972   2,661,501      
Operating segment | Infrastructure Lending Segment | Nonrelated Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 21,885   20,656      
Operating segment | Infrastructure Lending Segment | Related Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 0   0      
Operating segment | Infrastructure Lending Segment | Primary Beneficiary            
Assets:            
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund 0   0      
Operating segment | Property Segment            
Assets:            
Cash and cash equivalents 37,281   31,194      
Restricted cash 997   981      
Loans held-for-investment, net 0   0      
Loans held-for-sale 0   0      
Investment securities 0   0      
Properties, net 851,713   864,778      
Investments in unconsolidated entities 0   0      
Goodwill 0   0      
Intangible assets 26,375   29,613      
Derivative assets 2,640   1,803      
Accrued interest receivable 1,298   863      
Other assets 51,914   54,313      
VIE assets, at fair value 0   0      
Total Assets 2,951,402   2,744,547      
Liabilities:            
Dividends payable 0   0      
Derivative liabilities 0   0      
Secured financing agreements, net 791,461   789,719      
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net 0   0      
Unsecured senior notes, net 0   0      
VIE liabilities, at fair value 0   0      
Total Liabilities 804,185   801,435      
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests 409,659   362,790      
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:            
Common stock 0   0      
Additional paid-in capital (428,536)   (405,955)      
Treasury stock 0   0      
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 1,957,453   1,777,643      
Accumulated other comprehensive income 0   0      
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity 1,528,917   1,371,688      
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries 208,641   208,634      
Total Permanent Equity 1,737,558   1,580,322      
Total Liabilities and Equity 2,951,402   2,744,547      
Operating segment | Property Segment | Nonrelated Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 12,724   11,716      
Operating segment | Property Segment | Related Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 0   0      
Operating segment | Property Segment | Primary Beneficiary            
Assets:            
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund 1,979,184   1,761,002      
Operating segment | Investing and Servicing Segment            
Assets:            
Cash and cash equivalents 9,840   39,023      
Restricted cash 4,746   5,259      
Loans held-for-investment, net 9,319   9,577      
Loans held-for-sale 102,584   21,136      
Investment securities 1,106,436   1,165,628      
Properties, net 84,735   121,716      
Investments in unconsolidated entities 33,050   33,030      
Goodwill 140,437   140,437      
Intangible assets 61,435   66,310      
Derivative assets 6,580   5,614      
Accrued interest receivable 1,770   1,105      
Other assets 19,533   12,929      
VIE assets, at fair value 0   0      
Total Assets 1,580,465   1,621,764      
Liabilities:            
Dividends payable 0   0      
Derivative liabilities 0   0      
Secured financing agreements, net 539,820   543,256      
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net 0   0      
Unsecured senior notes, net 0   0      
VIE liabilities, at fair value 0   0      
Total Liabilities 575,818   589,633      
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests 0   0      
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:            
Common stock 0   0      
Additional paid-in capital (680,659)   (646,662)      
Treasury stock 0   0      
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 1,531,338   1,514,119      
Accumulated other comprehensive income 0   0      
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity 850,679   867,457      
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries 153,968   164,674      
Total Permanent Equity 1,004,647   1,032,131      
Total Liabilities and Equity 1,580,465   1,621,764      
Operating segment | Investing and Servicing Segment | Nonrelated Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 35,998   46,377      
Operating segment | Investing and Servicing Segment | Related Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 0   0      
Operating segment | Investing and Servicing Segment | Primary Beneficiary            
Assets:            
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund 0   0      
Corporate            
Assets:            
Cash and cash equivalents 105,873   91,098      
Restricted cash 178,556   65,143      
Loans held-for-investment, net 0   0      
Loans held-for-sale 0   0      
Investment securities 0   0      
Properties, net 0   0      
Investments in unconsolidated entities 0   0      
Goodwill 0   0      
Intangible assets 0   0      
Derivative assets 0   0      
Accrued interest receivable 88   5,120      
Other assets 54,590   56,444      
VIE assets, at fair value 0   0      
Total Assets 339,107   217,805      
Liabilities:            
Dividends payable 152,737   151,511      
Derivative liabilities 69,756   69,776      
Secured financing agreements, net 1,338,203   1,342,074      
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net 0   0      
Unsecured senior notes, net 2,456,583   2,329,211      
VIE liabilities, at fair value 0   0      
Total Liabilities 4,112,638   4,007,111      
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests 0   0      
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:            
Common stock 3,205   3,181      
Additional paid-in capital 4,827,013   4,051,950      
Treasury stock (138,022)   (138,022)      
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) (8,465,727)   (7,706,415)      
Accumulated other comprehensive income 0   0      
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity (3,773,531)   (3,789,306)      
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries 0   0      
Total Permanent Equity (3,773,531)   (3,789,306)      
Total Liabilities and Equity 339,107   217,805      
Corporate | Nonrelated Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 71,077   73,353      
Corporate | Related Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 24,282   41,186      
Corporate | Primary Beneficiary            
Assets:            
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund 0   0      
Securitization VIEs            
Assets:            
Cash and cash equivalents 0   0      
Restricted cash 0   0      
Loans held-for-investment, net 0   0      
Loans held-for-sale 0   0      
Investment securities (1,641,787)   (1,666,921)      
Properties, net 0   0      
Investments in unconsolidated entities (14,557)   (13,542)      
Goodwill 0   0      
Intangible assets (35,974)   (39,058)      
Derivative assets 0   0      
Accrued interest receivable (285)   (275)      
Other assets 0   0      
VIE assets, at fair value 44,668,904   52,453,041      
Total Assets 42,976,301   50,733,245      
Liabilities:            
Dividends payable 0   0      
Derivative liabilities 0   0      
Secured financing agreements, net (20,858)   (21,166)      
Collateralized loan obligations and single asset securitization, net 0   0      
Unsecured senior notes, net 0   0      
VIE liabilities, at fair value 42,997,104   50,754,355      
Total Liabilities 42,976,246   50,733,189      
Temporary Equity: Redeemable non-controlling interests 0   0      
Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity:            
Common stock 0   0      
Additional paid-in capital 0   0      
Treasury stock 0   0      
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 0   0      
Accumulated other comprehensive income 0   0      
Total Starwood Property Trust, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity 0   0      
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries 55   56      
Total Permanent Equity 55   56      
Total Liabilities and Equity 42,976,301   50,733,245      
Securitization VIEs | Nonrelated Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 0   0      
Securitization VIEs | Related Party            
Liabilities:            
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 0   0      
Securitization VIEs | Primary Beneficiary            
Assets:            
Investments of consolidated affordable housing fund $ 0   $ 0      
v3.23.3
Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($)
1 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Nov. 01, 2023
Oct. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Subsequent Events          
Distribution of capital from unconsolidated entities     $ 4,788,000 $ 3,375,000  
Carrying Value     20,107,790,000   $ 21,285,446,000
Commercial Portfolio Segment          
Subsequent Events          
Carrying Value     15,221,801,000    
Senior Loans | New Jersey | Commercial Portfolio Segment | Not 90 days or greater past due | Non-Credit Deterioration          
Subsequent Events          
Carrying Value     $ 220,100,000    
Subsequent Event | Investor entities which own equity interests in two entertainment and retail centers          
Subsequent Events          
Distribution of capital from unconsolidated entities   $ 52,300,000      
2023 Senior Notes | Subsequent Event          
Subsequent Events          
Repaid upon maturity $ 300,000,000