Bank of Marin Bancorp (Form: 10-K, Received: 03/14/2025 17:02:27)

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________________ to __________________

Commission File Number 001-33572

Bank of Marin Bancorp

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

California

20-8859754

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(IRS Employer Identification No.)

504 Redwood Blvd.

Suite 100

Novato

94947

(Address of principal executive office)

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (415) 763-4520

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act:

None

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, No Par Value	BMRC	The Nasdaq Stock Market

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes ☐ No ☒

Note - Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from their obligations under those Sections.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☒

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a shell company, as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

As of June 28, 2024, the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by non-affiliates, based upon the closing price per share of the registrant's common stock as reported by the Nasdaq, was approximately $248 million. For the purpose of this response, directors and certain officers of the Registrant are considered affiliates at that date.

As of February 28, 2025, there were 16,116,627 shares of common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 21, 2025 are incorporated by reference into Part III.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


PART I		Page-4
Forward-Looking Statements		Page-4
ITEM 1.	BUSINESS	Page-4
ITEM 1A.	RISK FACTORS	Page-13
ITEM 1B.	UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS	Page-23
ITEM 1C.	CYBERSECURITY	Page-23
ITEM 2.	PROPERTIES	Page-24
ITEM 3.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS	Page-24
ITEM 4.	MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES	Page-24
PART II		Page-25
ITEM 5.	MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES	Page-25
ITEM 6.	[RESERVED]	Page-26
ITEM 7.	MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	Page-26
	Forward-Looking Statements	Page-26
	Critical Accounting Estimates	Page-27
	RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
	Financial Highlights	Page-30
	Executive Summary	Page-31
	Net Interest Income	Page-33
	Provision for Credit Losses	Page-35
	Non-Interest Income	Page-36
	Non-Interest Expense	Page-37
	Provision for Income Taxes	Page-38
	FINANCIAL CONDITION	Page-39
	Investment Securities	Page-39
	Loans	Page-41
	Allowance for Credit Losses	Page-45
	Other Assets	Page-48
	Deposits	Page-48
	Borrowings	Page-49
	Deferred Compensation Obligations	Page-50
	Capital Adequacy	Page-50
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	Page-51
	Non-GAAP Financial Measures	Page-52
ITEM 7A.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK	Page-53
ITEM 8.	FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA	Page-56
	Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	Page-56
	Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting	Page-59
	Consolidated Statements of Condition	Page-60
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Page-61
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity	Page-62
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	Page-63
	NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS	Page-64
	Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Page-64


	Note 2: Investment Securities	Page-76
	Note 3: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses	Page-83
	Note 4: Bank Premises and Equipment	Page-90
	Note 5: Bank Owned Life Insurance	Page-90
	Note 6: Deposits	Page-91
	Note 7: Borrowings	Page-91
	Note 8: Stockholders' Equity and Stock Plans	Page-92
	Note 9: Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities	Page-96
	Note 10: Benefit Plans	Page-98
	Note 11: Income Taxes	Page-99
	Note 12: Commitments and Contingencies	Page-101
	Note 13: Concentrations of Credit Risk	Page-103
	Note 14: Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities	Page-103
	Note 15: Regulatory Matters	Page-105
	Note 16: Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk	Page-106
	Note 17: Condensed Bank of Marin Bancorp Parent Only Financial Statements	Page-108

ITEM 9.	CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE	Page-110
ITEM 9A.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	Page-110
ITEM 9B.	OTHER INFORMATION	Page-111
ITEM 9C.	DISCLOSURES REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS	Page-111
PART III		Page-111
ITEM 10.	DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE	Page-111
ITEM 11.	EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION	Page-111
ITEM 12.	SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS	Page-111
ITEM 13.	CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE	Page-111
ITEM 14.	PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES	Page-111
PART IV		Page-112
ITEM 15.	EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES	Page-112
ITEM 16.	FORM 10-K SUMMARY	Page-113
SIGNATURES		Page-114

PART I

Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the "1933 Act") and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the "1934 Act"). Those sections of the 1933 Act and 1934 Act provide a "safe harbor" for forward-looking statements to encourage companies to provide prospective information about their financial performance so long as they provide meaningful, cautionary statements identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ significantly from projected results.

Our forward-looking statements include descriptions of plans or objectives of management for future operations, products or services, and forecasts of revenues, earnings or other measures of economic performance. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. They often include the words "believe," "expect," "intend," "estimate" or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional verbs preceded by "will," "would," "should," "could" or "may."

Forward-looking statements are based on management's current expectations regarding economic, legislative, and regulatory issues that may impact our earnings in future periods. Factors that could cause future results to vary materially from current management expectations include, but are not limited to, general economic conditions and the economic uncertainty in the United States and abroad, including economic or other disruptions to financial markets caused by acts of terrorism, war or other conflicts, impacts from inflation, supply chain disruptions, changes in interest rates (including the actions taken by the Federal Reserve to control inflation), California's unemployment rate, deposit flows, real estate values, and expected future cash flows on loans and securities; the impact of adverse developments at other banks, including bank failures, that impact general sentiment regarding the stability and liquidity of banks; costs or effects of acquisitions; competition; changes in accounting principles, policies or guidelines; changes in legislation or regulation; natural disasters (such as wildfires and earthquakes in our area); adverse weather conditions; interruptions of utility service in our markets for sustained periods; and other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory and technological factors (including external fraud and cybersecurity threats) affecting our operations, pricing, products and services; and successful integration of acquisitions.

Important factors that could cause results or performance to differ materially from those expressed in our prior forward-looking statements are detailed in ITEM 1A, Risk Factors of this report. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. Bancorp undertakes no obligation to release publicly the result of any revisions to these forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Bank of Marin (the “Bank”) was incorporated in August 1989, received its charter from the California Superintendent of Banks (now the Department of Financial Protection and Innovation or "DFPI") and commenced operations in January 1990. The Bank is an insured bank by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). Bank of Marin Bancorp ("Bancorp") was formed in 2007 and the Bank became its sole subsidiary when each share of Bank common stock was exchanged for one share of Bancorp common stock. Bancorp is listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbol BMRC. Upon formation of the holding company, Bancorp became subject to regulation under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and reporting and examination requirements by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ("Federal Reserve"). Bancorp files periodic reports and proxy statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

References in this report to “Bancorp” or the "Company" mean Bank of Marin Bancorp, parent holding company for the Bank. References to “we,” “our,” “us” mean the holding company and the Bank that are consolidated for financial reporting purposes.

Virtually all of our business is conducted through Bancorp's subsidiary, Bank of Marin, which is headquartered in Novato, California. In addition to our headquarters and a regional office in the Greater Sacramento region, we operate 27 retail branches and 8 commercial banking offices across Northern California with a strong emphasis on

supporting local communities. Our customer base is comprised of business, not-for-profit, and personal banking relationships within our Northern California footprint. Our business banking focus is on small to medium-sized businesses, not-for-profit organizations, and commercial real estate investors.

We offer a suite of business and personal financial products and services designed to meet the needs of our customers. Our lending categories include commercial real estate loans, commercial and industrial loans (including small business loans), construction financing, consumer loans, and home equity lines of credit. Through third-party vendors, we offer merchant and payroll services, a commercial equipment leasing program and credit cards. Other products and services include payment solutions (e.g., mobile deposit and Zelle®) and a wide array of treasury management services.

We offer a variety of personal and business checking and savings accounts, and a number of time deposit alternatives, including time certificates of deposit, Individual Retirement Accounts (“IRAs”), Health Savings Accounts ("HSA"), Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service® ("CDARS"), Insured Cash Sweep® ("ICS"), and Demand Deposit MarketplaceSM ("DDM Sweep") accounts. CDARS, ICS and DDM Sweep accounts are networks through which we offer full FDIC insurance coverage in excess of the regulatory maximum by placing deposits in multiple banks participating in the networks. We also offer deposit options including mobile deposit, remote deposit capture, Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) services, wire transfers, and image lockbox services.

Automated teller machines (“ATMs”) are available at most branch locations. Our ATMs are linked to PLUS, CIRRUS and NYCE, as well as MoneyPass® - a network of nation-wide, surcharge-free ATMs. We also offer our depositors 24-hour access to their accounts by telephone and through digital banking services available to personal and business account holders.

We offer wealth management and trust services, which include customized investment portfolio management, trust administration, estate settlement and custody services.

We make international banking services available to our customers indirectly through other financial institutions with whom we have correspondent banking relationships.

We hold no patents, licenses (other than licenses required by the appropriate banking regulatory agencies), franchises or concessions. The Bank has registered the service marks "The Spirit of Marin," the words “Bank of Marin,” the Bank of Marin logo, and the Bank of Marin tagline, “Committed to your business and our community” with the United States Patent & Trademark Office. In addition, Bancorp has registered the service marks for the words “Bank of Marin Bancorp” and for the Bank of Marin Bancorp logo with the United States Patent & Trademark Office. All service marks registered by Bancorp or the Bank are registered on the United States Patent & Trademark Office Principal Register.

Market Area

Our primary market area encompasses Alameda, Amador, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, Placer, Sacramento, San Francisco, San Mateo, Solano and Sonoma counties. Our customer base is primarily made up of business, not-for-profit and personal banking relationships within these market areas. As of December 31, 2024, the majority of our deposits were in Marin, Napa, Sacramento and southern Sonoma counties, and approximately 59% of our deposits were from businesses and 41% from consumers.

Competition

The banking business in California generally, and in our market area specifically, is highly competitive with respect to attracting both loan and deposit relationships. The increasingly competitive environment is affected by changes in regulation, interest rates, technology and product delivery systems, and consolidation among financial service providers. The banking industry is seeing strong competition for high quality loans, with larger banks expanding activities to attract businesses that are traditionally community bank customers. In all of our counties, we have significant competition from nationwide banks with much larger branch networks and greater financial resources, as well as credit unions and other local and regional banks. Nationwide banks have the competitive advantages of developing data analytics and artificial intelligence tools and other technological platforms. Large commercial banks also have substantially greater lending limits and the ability to offer certain services, which are not offered directly by

us. Other competitors for depositors' funds are money market mutual funds and non-bank financial institutions such as brokerage firms and insurance companies.

We differentiate ourselves from the numerous, and often larger, financial institutions in our primary market area with a business model built on relationship banking, exemplary service, disciplined fundamentals, local decision making and commitment to the communities we serve. The Bank's experienced professionals deliver innovative and custom financing, with a deep local market knowledge and a personal understanding of each customer's unique needs.

Human Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2024, we employed 285 full-time equivalent staff. The actual number of employees, including part-time employees, at year-end 2024 included seven executive officers, 147 other corporate officers and 136 staff. None of our employees are presently represented by a union or covered by a collective bargaining agreement.

We offer a competitive total compensation package including a comprehensive benefits program to our employees designed to attract, retain and motivate employees, as well as to align with our performance, including employee ownership through our Employee Stock Ownership Plan. We regularly compare compensation and benefits with peer companies and market data, making adjustments as needed to ensure compensation stays competitive. We are continually investing in our workforce through employee development, education and training.

We strive to attract, develop, retain and plan for succession of key talent and executives to achieve our strategic objectives. We pride ourselves on creating an open, diverse, and transparent culture that celebrates collaboration and recognizes employees at all levels. We believe that the wide array of perspectives that result from such diversity promotes Legendary Service and business success. We continue to learn and grow, and our current initiatives reflect our ongoing efforts around a more diverse, inclusive and equitable workplace.

In order to develop a workforce that aligns with our corporate values, we regularly sponsor local community events so that our employees can better integrate themselves in and support our communities. We believe that our employees’ well-being and personal and professional development is fostered by our outreach to the communities we serve. Our employees’ desire for active community involvement enables us to sponsor a number of local community events and initiatives, including funding and volunteering for youth mentorship and financial literacy programs to enhance educational opportunities and sponsoring local chambers of commerce and economic development corporations to foster economic vitality.

We recognize that employees who are engaged and committed to their work and workplace contribute meaningfully to our success. On a regular basis, we solicit employee feedback through a confidential, company-wide survey on culture, management, career opportunities, compensation, and benefits. The results of this survey are reviewed and used to update employee programs, initiatives, and communications. We believe that our employee relations are good. In 2024, we were inducted into NorthBay Biz's "Best of" Hall of Fame and were named one of North Bay Business Journal's "Best Places to Work".

SUPERVISION AND REGULATION

Bank holding companies and banks are extensively regulated under both federal and state law. The following discussion summarizes certain significant laws, rules and regulations affecting Bancorp and the Bank.

Bank Holding Company Regulation

Upon formation of the bank holding company on July 1, 2007, we became subject to regulation under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (“BHCA”) which subjects Bancorp to Federal Reserve reporting and examination requirements. Under the Federal Reserve law and regulations, a bank holding company is required to serve as a source of financial and managerial strength to its subsidiary banks. Under this requirement, Bancorp is expected to commit resources to support the Bank, including at times when Bancorp may not be in a financial position to provide such resources, and it may not be in Bancorp's, or Bancorp's shareholders’ or creditors’, best interests to do so. In addition, any capital loans Bancorp makes to the Bank are subordinate in right of payment to depositors and to certain other indebtedness of the Bank. The BHCA regulates the activities of holding companies

including acquisitions, mergers and consolidations and, together with the Gramm-Leach Bliley Act of 1999, the scope of allowable banking activities. Bancorp is also a bank holding company within the meaning of the California Financial Code. As such, Bancorp and its subsidiaries are subject to examination by, and may be required to file reports with, the DFPI.

Bank Regulation

Banking regulations are primarily intended to protect consumers, depositors' funds, federal deposit insurance funds and the banking system as a whole. These regulations affect our lending practices, consumer protections, capital structure, investment practices and dividend policy.

As a state chartered bank, we are subject to regulation, supervision and examination by the DFPI. We are also subject to regulation, supervision and periodic examination by the FDIC. If, as a result of an examination of the Bank, the FDIC or the DFPI should determine that the financial condition, capital resources, asset quality, earnings prospects, management, liquidity, or other aspects of our operations are unsatisfactory, or that we have violated any law or regulation, various remedies are available to those regulators including issuing a “cease and desist” order, monetary penalties, restitution, restricting our growth or removing officers and directors.

The Bank addresses the many state and federal regulations it is subject to through a comprehensive compliance program.

Safety and Soundness Standards (Risk Management)

The federal banking agencies have adopted guidelines that establish operational and managerial standards to promote the safety and soundness of federally insured depository institutions. The guidelines set forth standards for internal controls, information systems, internal audit systems, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth, compensation, fees and benefits, asset quality and earnings.

During the past decade, the bank regulatory agencies have increasingly emphasized the importance of sound risk management processes and strong internal controls when evaluating the activities of the financial institutions they supervise. Properly managing risks has been identified as critical to the conduct of safe and sound banking activities and has become even more important as new technologies, product innovation, and the size and speed of financial transactions have changed the nature of banking markets. The agencies have identified a spectrum of risks facing a banking institution including, but not limited to, credit, market, liquidity, operational, legal, and reputational. In particular, recent regulatory pronouncements have focused on operational risk, which arises from the potential that inadequate information systems, operational problems, breaches in internal controls, fraud, or unforeseen catastrophes will result in unexpected losses. New products and services, third-party risk management and cybersecurity are critical sources of operational risk that financial institutions are expected to address in the current environment. The Board of Directors and various sub-committees oversee Bancorp's consolidated enterprise risk management program that ensures the adequacy of policies, procedures, tolerance levels, risk measurement systems, monitoring processes, management information systems and internal controls.

Dividends and Stock Repurchases

Bancorp's ability to pay dividends to its shareholders may be affected by both general corporate law considerations and the policies of the Federal Reserve applicable to bank holding companies. As a California corporation, Bancorp is subject to the limitations of California law, which allows a corporation to distribute cash or property to shareholders, including a dividend or repurchase or redemption of shares, if the corporation meets certain tests based on its performance and financial condition. Bancorp's primary source of cash is dividends received from the Bank. Prior to any distribution from the Bank to Bancorp, we ensure that the dividend computations comply with the provisions of the California Financial Code and regulations set forth by the DFPI and the FDIC. In August 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 was enacted, which among other things, imposed a one percent excise tax on publicly traded U.S. corporations for the fair market value of stock repurchased after December 31, 2022. With certain exceptions, the value of stock repurchased is net of stock issued in the year, including those issued pursuant to share-based compensation programs. Refer to Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, under the heading “Dividends” in ITEM 8 of this report for more information.

FDIC Insurance Assessments

The FDIC insures our customers' deposits to the maximum amount permitted by law, which is currently $250,000 per depositor, based on the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”).

FDIC insurance coverage is funded by the FDIC's assessment on insured depository institutions like us and FDIC's annual base assessment rates are currently between 2.5 and 42 basis points on the depository institution's quarterly average consolidated total assets minus average tangible equity. Base assessment rates for banks vary depending on whether a depository institution is small or large and highly complex per FDIC's definition. In deriving the base assessment rate, the FDIC applies financial ratios, scorecards, and other financial measures to determine a bank's ability to withstand financial stress.

In October 2022, the FDIC adopted a final rule to increase the initial base deposit insurance assessment rate schedules uniformly by 2 basis points beginning with the first quarterly assessment period of 2023. The increased assessment is expected to improve the likelihood that the deposit insurance fund ("DIF") reserve ratio would reach the statutory minimum of 1.35% by the statutory deadline prescribed under the FDIC's amended restoration plan. The FDIC has indicated that the new assessment rate schedules will remain in effect until the DIF reserve ratio meets or exceeds 2 percent.

Community Reinvestment Act

Congress enacted the Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) in 1977 to encourage financial institutions to meet the credit needs of the communities in which they are located. All banks and thrifts have a continuing and affirmative obligation, consistent with safe and sound operations, to help meet the credit needs of their entire communities, including low and moderate income neighborhoods. Regulatory agencies rate each bank's performance in assessing and meeting these credit needs. The Bank is committed to serving the credit needs of the communities in which we do business, and it is our policy to respond to all creditworthy segments of our market. As part of its CRA commitment, the Bank maintains strong philanthropic ties to the community. We invest in affordable housing projects that help economically disadvantaged individuals and residents of low- and moderate-income census tracts, in each case consistent with our long-established prudent underwriting practices. We also donate to, invest in and volunteer with organizations that serve the communities in which we do business, especially low- and moderate-income individuals. These organizations offer educational and health programs to economically disadvantaged students and families, community development services and affordable housing programs. We offer CRA reportable small business, small farm and community development loans within our assessment areas. The CRA requires a depository institution's primary federal regulator, in connection with its examination of the institution, to assess the institution's record in meeting CRA requirements. The regulatory agency's assessment of the institution's record is made available to the public. This record is taken into consideration when the institution establishes a new branch that accepts deposits, relocates an office, applies to merge or consolidate, or expands into other activities. The FDIC assigned a “Satisfactory” rating to Bank of Marin's CRA performance examination based on their most recent examination completed in November 2023, which was performed under the large bank requirements.

In October 2023, the federal banking agencies issued a final rule to strengthen and modernize regulations implementing the CRA. The final rule, among other things, seeks to (i) expand access to credit, investment, and basic banking services in low- and moderate-income communities, (ii) adapt to changes in the banking industry, including internet and mobile banking, (iii) provide greater clarity, consistency, and transparency, (iv) tailor CRA evaluations and data collection to bank size and type, and (v) maintain a unified approach among the bank regulatory agencies. Since issuance, the effective date of the final rule has been delayed pending the outcome of litigation that challenged the statutory authority of federal regulators. We will continue to evaluate the impact of any changes to the regulations implementing the CRA and their impact to our financial condition, results of operations, and/or liquidity, which cannot be predicted at this time.

Anti-Money-Laundering Regulations

A series of banking laws and regulations beginning with the Bank Secrecy Act in 1970 requires banks to prevent, detect, and report illicit or illegal financial activities to the federal government to prevent money laundering,

international drug trafficking, and terrorism. Under the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, financial institutions are subject to prohibitions against specified financial transactions and account relationships, requirements regarding the Customer Identification Program, as well as enhanced due diligence and “know your customer” standards in their dealings with high risk customers, foreign financial institutions, and foreign individuals and entities. In 2016, Customer Due Diligence Rules under the Bank Secrecy Act clarified and strengthened customer due diligence requirements. These rules contained explicit customer due diligence requirements, which included a new requirement to identify and verify the identity of beneficial owners of legal entity customers. In 2020, the Anti-Money Laundering Act ("AMLA 2020") became law. Among its many provisions, AMLA 2020 provides for: 1) expanded whistleblower rewards and protections; 2) the establishment of a beneficial ownership registration database that will be implemented by the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network ("FinCEN"); and 3) new Bank Secrecy Act violations and enhanced penalties for repeat and egregious violators.

Privacy, Data Protection, and Cybersecurity

The Gramm-Leach Bliley Act (“GLBA”) of 1999 imposes requirements on financial institutions with respect to consumer privacy and the disclosure of non-public personal information about individuals who apply for or obtain a financial product to be used for personal, family or household purposes. The GLBA generally prohibits disclosure of consumer information to most nonaffiliated third parties unless the consumer has been given the opportunity to object and has not objected to such disclosure. Financial institutions are further required to disclose their privacy policies to consumers and the conditions under which an institution may disclose non-public information about a consumer to a nonaffiliated third party. The GLBA also directs federal regulators, including the FDIC, to prescribe standards for the security of consumer information. We are subject to such standards, as well as standards for notifying consumers in the event of a security breach. We must disclose our privacy policy to consumers and permit consumers to "opt out" of having non-public customer information disclosed to third parties. We are required to have an information security program to safeguard the confidentiality and security of customer information and to ensure proper disposal of information that is no longer needed. We notify our customers when unauthorized disclosure involves sensitive customer information that may be misused. Effective January 2020, the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”) added required notice about personal information we collect, use, share, and disclose for business purposes. The CCPA provides California residents rights regarding their personal information specifically related to exercising access, data portability and deletion rights. There are also California breach notification and disclosure requirements.

In November 2021, the federal banking agencies issued a final rule requiring banking organizations that experience a computer-security incident to notify their primary Federal regulator of the occurrence of an event that rises to the level of a “notification incident.” Generally, a notification incident occurs when a banking organization has suffered a computer-security incident that has a reasonable likelihood of materially disrupting or degrading the banking organization or its operations. The rule requires an affected banking organization to notify its primary Federal regulator as soon as possible and no later than 36 hours after the banking organization has determined that a notification incident has occurred. The rule also requires bank service providers to notify each affected banking organization if that bank service provider experiences a computer-security incident that has caused, or is reasonably likely to cause, a material service disruption or degradation for four or more hours.

In July 2023, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") adopted final rules that, among other things, require disclosures of material cybersecurity incidents, along with cybersecurity risk management, strategy and governance. The new rules require timely reporting of incidents determined to be material, and annual disclosure of the processes for assessing, identifying and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats including a description of board of directors' oversight and management's role in assessing and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats. The disclosures are required beginning with annual reports for fiscal years ending on or after December 15, 2023.

Consumer Protection Regulations

Our lending activities are subject to a variety of statutes and regulations designed to protect consumers, including the CRA, Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act, Fair Lending, Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, Flood Disaster Protection Act, eSign Act, Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Housing Act, Truth-in-Lending Act ("TILA"), the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act ("RESPA"), Protecting Tenants at Foreclosure, and the

Secure and Fair Enforcement for Mortgage Licensing Act ("SAFE"). Our deposit operations are also subject to laws and regulations that protect consumer rights including Expedited Funds Availability, Truth in Savings Act ("TISA"), and Electronic Funds Transfers. Other regulatory requirements include the Unfair, Deceptive or Abusive Acts and Practices ("UDAAP"), Dodd-Frank Act, Right to Financial Privacy, Telephone Consumer Protection Act and Privacy of Consumer Financial Information. Additional rules govern check writing ability on certain interest earning accounts and prescribe procedures for complying with administrative subpoenas of financial records.

Restriction on Transactions between Bank's Affiliates

Transactions between Bancorp and the Bank are quantitatively and qualitatively restricted under Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act and Federal Reserve Regulation W. Section 23A places restrictions on the Bank's “covered transactions” with Bancorp, including loans and other extensions of credit, investments in the securities of, and purchases of assets from Bancorp. Section 23B requires that certain transactions, including all covered transactions, be on market terms and conditions. Federal Reserve Regulation W combines statutory restrictions on transactions between the Bank and Bancorp with Federal Reserve interpretations in an effort to simplify compliance with Sections 23A and 23B.

Capital Requirements

The Federal Deposit Insurance Act, as amended (“FDIA”), requires federal banking agencies to take prompt corrective action (“PCA”) with respect to depository institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. The FDIA includes the following five capital tiers: “well capitalized,” “adequately capitalized,” “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized,” and “critically undercapitalized.” A depository institution’s capital tier will depend upon how its capital levels compare with various relevant capital measures and certain other factors, as established by regulation. Bancorp's ratios exceed the required minimum ratios for capital adequacy purposes and the Bank meets the definition for "well capitalized." Undercapitalized depository institutions may be subject to significant restrictions. Banks that are categorized as "critically undercapitalized" are subject to dividend and other restrictions.

Effective January 1, 2020, the federal banking agencies' jointly-issued final rule on the community bank leverage ratio ("CBLR") provides for an optional, simplified measure of capital adequacy for qualifying community banking organizations, consistent with Section 201 of the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (the "Economic Growth Act"). Qualifying community banking organizations are defined as having less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets that meet risk-based qualifying criteria, a CBLR of greater than 9 percent, off-balance sheet exposure of 25 percent or less of total consolidated assets, trading assets and liabilities of 5 percent or less of total consolidated assets, and cannot be an advanced approaches institution. Such a community banking organization would not be subject to other risk-based and leverage capital requirements (including the Basel III and Basel IV requirements) and would be considered to have met the "well capitalized" ratio requirements. The CBLR is determined by dividing a financial institution’s tangible equity capital by its average total consolidated assets. The rule further describes what is included in tangible equity capital and average total consolidated assets. Qualifying banks may opt in and out of the CBLR framework at any time. While we are a qualifying community banking organization, we have not opted into the CBLR framework at this time. See below, for further discussion of the Economic Growth Act.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act

The Dodd-Frank Act, a landmark financial reform bill comprised of voluminous new rules and restrictions on bank operations, included provisions aimed at preventing a repeat of the 2008 financial crisis and a new process for winding down failing, systemically important institutions in a manner as close to a controlled bankruptcy as possible. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act established new government oversight responsibilities, enhanced capital adequacy requirements for certain institutions, established consumer protection laws and regulations, and placed limitations on certain banking activities.

In an attempt to reduce the regulatory burden on U.S. companies, including financial institutions, in May 2018, the Presidential Administration signed the Economic Growth Act, which repealed or modified certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act and eased regulations on all but the largest banks. The Economic Growth Act’s highlights included

improving consumer access to mortgage credit, added certain protections for consumers, included veterans and active duty military personnel, expanded credit freezes and created an identity theft protection database.

Notice and Approval Requirements Related to Control

Banking laws impose notice, approval and ongoing regulatory requirements on any shareholder or other party that seeks to acquire direct or indirect "control" of an FDIC-insured depository institution. These laws include the BHCA and the Change in Bank Control Act. Among other things, these laws require regulatory filings by a shareholder or other party that seeks to acquire direct or indirect "control" of an FDIC-insured depository institution or bank holding company. The determination whether an investor "controls" a depository institution is based on all of the facts and circumstances surrounding the investment. As a general matter, a party is deemed to control a depository institution or other company if the party owns or controls 25% or more of any class of voting stock. Subject to rebuttal, a party may be presumed to control a depository institution or other company if the investor owns or controls 10% or more of any class of voting stock. Ownership by family members, affiliated parties, or parties acting in concert, is typically aggregated for these purposes. If a party's ownership of the Company were to exceed certain thresholds, the investor could be deemed to "control" the Company for regulatory purposes. This could subject the investor to regulatory filings or other regulatory consequences.

In addition, except under limited circumstances, bank holding companies are prohibited from acquiring, without prior approval: 1) control of any other bank or bank holding company or all or substantially all the assets thereof; or 2) more than 5% of the voting shares of a bank or bank holding company that is not already a subsidiary.

Incentive Compensation

The Dodd-Frank Act required federal bank regulators and the SEC to establish joint regulations or guidelines prohibiting incentive-based payment arrangements that encourage inappropriate risks by providing an executive officer, employee, director or principal stockholder with excessive compensation, fees, or benefits or that could lead to material financial loss to the entity. These regulations apply to institutions having at least $1 billion in total assets. In addition, regulators must establish regulations or guidelines requiring enhanced disclosure to regulators of incentive-based compensation arrangements. The agencies have not finalized regulations proposed in April 2016. If adopted, the proposed regulations could place limits on the manner in which we structure our executive compensation.

The Federal Reserve reviews, as part of the regular, risk-focused examination process, the incentive compensation arrangements of banking organizations. The Federal Reserve tailors its reviews for each organization based on the scope and complexity of the organization’s activities and the prevalence of incentive compensation arrangements. The findings of the supervisory initiatives are included in reports of examination. Deficiencies, if any, are incorporated into the organization’s supervisory ratings, which can affect the organization’s ability to make acquisitions and take other actions. Enforcement actions may be taken against a banking organization if its incentive compensation arrangements, or related risk management control or governance processes, pose a risk to the organization’s safety and soundness and the organization is not taking prompt and effective measures to correct the deficiencies.

In October 2022, the SEC adopted a final rule directing national securities exchanges and associations, including the Nasdaq, to implement listing standards that require public companies to adopt policies mandating the recovery or “clawback” of excess incentive-based compensation earned by a current or former executive officer during the three fiscal years preceding the date the listed company is required to prepare an accounting restatement, including to correct an error that would result in a material misstatement if the error was either corrected or left uncorrected in the current period. The final rule required us to adopt a clawback policy within 60 days after such listing standard became effective and file the policy as an exhibit in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Please see exhibit 97.1 for a copy of our policy.

Available Information

On our Internet website, www.bankofmarin.com, we post the following filings as soon as reasonably practical after they are filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission: Annual Report to Shareholders, Form 10-K, Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the

Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. All such materials on our website are available free of charge. This website address is for information only and is not intended to be an active link, or to incorporate any website information into this document. In addition, copies of our filings are available by requesting them in writing or by phone from:

Corporate Secretary

Bank of Marin Bancorp

504 Redwood Boulevard, Suite 100

Novato, CA 94947

415-763-4524

These materials are also available at the SEC’s internet website (https://www.sec.gov).

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

We assume and manage a certain degree of risk in order to conduct our business. The material risks and uncertainties that management believes may affect our business are listed below and in ITEM 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk. The list is not exhaustive; additional risks and uncertainties that management is not aware of, focused on, or currently deems immaterial may also impair business operations. If any of the following risks, or risks that have not been identified, actually occur, our financial condition, results of operations, and stock trading price could be materially and adversely affected. We manage these risks by promoting sound corporate governance practices, which include but are not limited to, establishing policies and internal controls, and implementing internal review processes. Before making an investment decision, investors should carefully consider the risks, together with all of the other information included or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the SEC. This report is qualified in its entirety by these risk factors.

Strategic, Financial, and Reputational Risks

Growth Strategy or Potential Mergers and Acquisitions May Produce Unfavorable Outcomes

We seek to expand our franchise safely and consistently. A successful growth strategy requires us to manage multiple aspects of the business simultaneously, such as following adequate loan underwriting standards, balancing loan and deposit growth without compressing our net interest margin, managing interest rate risk, maintaining sufficient capital, and recruiting, training and retaining qualified professionals. Our strategic plan also includes merger and acquisition opportunities that either enhance our market presence or have potential for improved profitability through financial management, economies of scale or expanded services. We may incur significant acquisition related expenses either during the due diligence phase of acquisition targets or during integration of the acquirees. These expenses have and may continue to negatively impact our earnings prior to realizing the benefits of acquisitions. We may also be exposed to difficulties in combining the operations of acquired institutions into our own operations, which may prevent us from achieving the expected benefits from our acquisition activities. Our earnings, financial condition and prospects after the merger may affect our stock price and will depend in part on our ability to integrate the operations and management of the acquired institution while continuing to implement other aspects of our business plan. Inherent uncertainties exist in integrating the operations of an acquired institution and there is no assurance that we will be able to do so successfully. Among the issues that we could face are:

•unexpected problems with operations, personnel, technology or credit;

•loss of customers and employees of the acquiree;

•difficulty in working with the acquiree's employees and customers;

•the assimilation and integration of the acquiree's operations, culture and personnel;

•instituting and maintaining uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies; and

•litigation risk or obligations not discovered during due diligence.

Undiscovered factors as a result of an acquisition could bring liabilities against us, our management and the management of the institutions we acquire. These factors could contribute to our not achieving the expected benefits from our acquisitions within desired time frames, if at all. Further, although we generally anticipate cost savings from acquisitions, we may not be able to fully realize those savings. Any cost savings may be offset by losses in revenues or other charges to earnings.

Competition with Other Financial Institutions to Attract and Retain Banking Customers

We are facing significant competition for customers from other banks and financial institutions located in the markets that we serve. We compete with commercial banks, savings institutions, credit unions, non-bank financial services companies, including financial technology firms, and other financial institutions operating within or near our service areas. Some of our non-bank competitors and peer-to-peer lenders may not be subject to the same extensive regulations as we are, giving them greater flexibility in competing for business. We anticipate intense competition will continue for the coming year due to the market disruptions in banking in 2023, the continued consolidation of many financial institutions and more changes in legislation, regulation and technology. National

and regional banks much larger than our size have entered our market through acquisitions and they may be able to benefit from economies of scale through their wider branch networks, more prominent national advertising campaigns, lower cost of borrowing, capital market access and sophisticated technology infrastructures. Further, intense competition for creditworthy borrowers could lead to pressure for loan rate concessions and affect our ability to generate profitable loans.

Going forward, we may see continued competition in the industry as competitors seek to expand market share in our core markets. Further, our customers may withdraw deposits to pursue alternative investment opportunities. Technology and other changes have made it more convenient for bank customers to transfer funds into alternative investments or other deposit platforms such as online virtual banks and non-bank service providers. Efforts and initiatives we may undertake to retain and increase deposits, including deposit pricing, can increase our costs. Based on our current strong liquidity position, our adjustment to deposit pricing has lagged the market in a rising interest rate environment. If our customers move money into higher yielding deposits or alternative investments, we may lose a relatively inexpensive source of funds, thus increasing our funding costs through more expensive wholesale funding sources, such as FHLB borrowings.

Financial Challenges at Other Banking Institutions Could Lead to Depositor Concerns That Spread Within the Banking Industry Causing Disruptive Deposit Outflows and Other Destabilizing Results That Could Adversely Affect Our Liquidity, Business, Financial Condition and Results of Operations

In the first and second quarters of 2023, certain specialized banking institutions with elevated concentrations of uninsured deposits experienced large deposit outflows, resulting in the institutions being placed into FDIC receiverships. In addition, media and market coverage of the Bay Area economy and local financial institutions, have generated significant market volatility among publicly traded bank holding companies and, in particular, regional and community banks like the Company. These market developments have negatively impacted customer confidence in the safety and soundness of regional and community banks and may impact our financial results in future periods. As a result, customers may choose to maintain deposits with larger financial institutions or invest in higher yielding short-term fixed income securities, all of which could materially adversely impact the Company’s liquidity, loan funding capacity, net interest margin, capital and results of operations.

We maintain a well-diversified deposit base, with an estimated 29% of uninsured and/or uncollateralized deposits as of December 31, 2024. Such uninsured deposits were fully covered by the Bank's available funding sources, including unrestricted cash, unencumbered available-for-sale securities, and a total available borrowing capacity of $1.849 billion, or 57% of total deposits, and 197% of estimated uninsured and/or uncollateralized deposits as of December 31, 2024. Excluding zero balance accounts, 59% of deposit balances were held in business accounts with average balances of $127 thousand per account, with the remaining 41% in consumer accounts with average balances of $40 thousand per account as of December 31, 2024.

Although we maintain strong liquidity for the normal operations of the Bank, model various stress scenarios, and maintain significant contingent liquidity sources, general depositor concerns given the recent high profile bank closures could lead to deposit outflows from our Bank. Our funding costs increased significantly in 2023 and could increase again if our deposits decline and we replace them with more expensive sources of funding, such as FHLB and FRB borrowings, and/or brokered deposits, if customers shift their deposits into higher cost products, or if we raise interest rates to avoid losing deposits. In addition, adverse operating results or changes in industry conditions could lead to difficulty or an inability to access these additional funding sources, constraining our financial flexibility, and ability to originate loans, invest in securities, and distribute dividends to our shareholders. In addition, such a lack of liquidity could result in the sale of securities in an unrealized loss position and/or alter our ability to hold our held-to-maturity securities to their maturity dates. All of these factors could have a material adverse impact on our asset growth, liquidity, business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We May Not Be Able to Attract and Retain Key Employees

Our success depends in large part on our ability to attract qualified personnel and to retain key employees, as well as the prompt replacement of retiring executives. The loss of key personnel and/or our inability to secure qualified

candidates to replace retiring executives could have an unfavorable effect on our business due to the required skills and knowledge of our market and years of industry experience.

Bancorp Relies on Dividends from the Bank to Pay Cash Dividends to its Shareholders as Well as to Meet Other Financial Obligations

Bancorp is a separate legal entity from its subsidiary, the Bank. Bancorp receives substantially its entire cash stream from the Bank in the form of dividends, which is Bancorp's principal source of funds to pay cash dividends to Bancorp's common shareholders, repurchase shares, and cover operational expenses of the holding company. Various federal and state laws and regulations limit the amount of dividends that the Bank may pay to Bancorp. In the event that the Bank is unable to pay dividends to Bancorp, Bancorp may not be able to pay dividends to its shareholders. As a result, it could have an adverse effect on Bancorp's stock price and investment value.

Federal law would prohibit capital distributions from the Bank, with limited exceptions, if the Bank were categorized as "undercapitalized" under applicable Federal Reserve or FDIC regulations. In addition, as a California bank, Bank of Marin is subject to state law restrictions on the payment of dividends. For further information on the distribution limit from the Bank to Bancorp, see the section captioned “Bank Regulation” in ITEM 1 above and “Dividends” in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

The Value of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets May Decline in the Future

As of December 31, 2024, we had goodwill totaling $72.8 million and a core deposit intangible asset totaling $2.8 million from business acquisitions. A significant decline in expected future cash flows, a significant adverse change in the business climate, or a significant and sustained decline in the price of our common stock could necessitate taking charges in the future related to the impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets. If we were to conclude that a future write-down of goodwill or other intangible assets is necessary, we would record the appropriate charge, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Market, Interest Rate, and Liquidity Risks

A Lack of Liquidity could Adversely Affect our Operations, Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Liquidity is essential to our business and our ability to fund our operations, effectively manage the repayment and maturity schedules of our loans and investment securities, distribute dividends to our shareholders, and fulfill our debt obligations or deposit withdrawal demands. Our most important source of funding consists of deposits, which is affected by external factors outside the Bank's control as well as customers' perceptions, business operations, and investment goals. If customers move money out of bank deposits and into other investments, then we would lose a relatively low-cost source of funds, increasing our funding costs and reducing our net interest income and net income. Based on experience, we believe that our deposit accounts are relatively stable sources of funds.

Other primary sources of funds consist of cash flows from operations, investment maturities and sales, loan repayments, and proceeds from the issuance and sale of any equity and debt securities to investors. Additional liquidity is provided by our ability to borrow from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Federal Home Loan Bank and other financial institutions, as well as our ability to raise brokered deposits. Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance or capitalize our activities, or on terms that are acceptable to us, could be impaired by factors that affect us directly or the bank or non-bank financial services industries or the economy in general, such as disruptions in the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the bank or non-bank financial services industries.

Earnings are Significantly Influenced by General Business and Economic Conditions

Our success depends, to a certain extent, on local, national and global economic and political conditions. Unlike larger national or other regional banks that are more geographically diversified, we provide banking and financial services to customers primarily in Northern California with particular focus on the local markets in the San Francisco Bay and Greater Sacramento regions. The local economic conditions in these areas have a significant impact on the demand for our products and services as well as the ability of our customers to repay loans, the value of the

collateral securing loans and the stability of our deposits as our primary funding source. Economic pressure on consumers and uncertainty regarding the economy and local business climate may result in changes in consumer and business spending, borrowing and saving habits, which may affect the demand for loans and other products and services we offer. Further, loan defaults that adversely affect our earnings correlate highly with deteriorating economic conditions (such as the California unemployment rate and California gross domestic product), which impact our borrowers' creditworthiness. In addition, health epidemics or pandemics (or expectations about them), international trade disputes, inflation risks, oil price volatility, the level of U.S. debt and global economic conditions could destabilize financial markets in which we operate. Lastly, actions of the Federal Open Market Committee ("FOMC") of the Federal Reserve could cause financial market volatility, which will affect the pricing of our loan and deposit products.

Interest Rate Risk is Inherent in Our Business

Our earnings are largely dependent upon our net interest income, which is the difference between interest income earned on interest-earning assets, such as loans and securities, and interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowed funds. Interest rates are sensitive to many factors outside of our control, including general economic conditions and the policies of various governmental and regulatory agencies and, in particular, the FOMC, which regulates the supply of money and credit in the United States. Changes in monetary policy, including changes in interest rates, can influence not only the interest we receive on loans and securities and interest we pay on deposits and borrowings, but can also affect (i) our ability to originate loans and obtain deposits, (ii) the duration of our securities and loan portfolios, and (iii) the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities. In fact, the FOMC’s aggressive interest rate increases, discussed more fully below, negatively affected each of these areas of our business in recent years. Our portfolio of loans and securities will generally decline in value if market interest rates increase, and increase in value if market interest rates decline. Decreases in the market value of investment securities available for sale negatively impact the Bank's tangible equity through accumulated other comprehensive losses. In addition, our loans and callable mortgage-backed securities are also subject to prepayment risk when interest rates fall, and the borrowers' credit risk may increase in rising rate or recessionary environments. Factors such as inflation, productivity, oil prices, unemployment rates, and global demand play a role in the FOMC's consideration of future rate adjustments.

The federal funds rate range remained between 0.0% to 0.25% from March 2020 through the beginning of 2022, putting downward pressure on our asset yields and net interest margin. Beginning in March 2022, the FOMC began successive increases to the federal funds rate due to the evolving inflation risks, complicated by international political unrest and supply chain disruptions. The FOMC began increasing rates in March 2022, totaling seven rate increases in 2022 and four additional rate increases in 2023, and ended the year of 2023 at a federal funds target rate range between 5.25% and 5.50%. Rising interest rates and first quarter 2023 disruptions in the banking industry resulted in rapid increases in the cost of funds through rising deposit costs and increased borrowings, putting pressure on net interest margin starting in the second quarter of 2023. Primarily due to declining inflation, the Federal Reserve lowered the target for the federal funds rate by 100 basis points, to a range of 4.25% to 4.50% in the later months of 2024.

See the Net Interest Income section of Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in ITEM 7 and Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk in ITEM 7A of this report for further discussion related to interest rate sensitivity and our management of interest rate risk.

Rising Interest Rates Have Decreased the Value of the Company’s Held-To-Maturity and Available-for-Sale Securities Portfolio, and the Company Would Realize Losses if It Were Required to Sell Such Securities to Meet Liquidity Needs

Because of inflationary pressures and the resulting rapid increases in the federal funds target rate since March 2022, the market value of previously issued government and other fixed income securities has declined significantly. These securities make up a majority of the securities portfolio of most banks in the U.S., including the Company’s, resulting in unrealized losses embedded in the held-to-maturity portion of U.S. banks’ securities portfolios and unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities reflected in the Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). We maintain an investment securities portfolio to provide liquidity and to generate earnings on funds

that have not been loaned to customers while managing our liquidity and interest rate position, seeking a reasonable yield balanced with risk exposure. While it is neither our intention to sell securities at a net loss in the normal course of business, nor were we required to, we strategically sold securities in the third and fourth quarters of 2023 and the second quarter of 2024, to reposition the balance sheet to bolster net interest margin. If the Company were to sell additional securities in an unrealized loss position, it may incur losses that could impair the Company’s capital, financial condition, and results of operations and may require the Company to raise additional capital on unfavorable terms, thereby negatively impacting its profitability and potentially causing shareholder dilution.

Activities of Our Large Borrowers and Depositors May Cause Unexpected Volatilities in Our Loan and Deposit Balances, as well as Net Interest Margin

Loans originated at higher interest rates may be paid off and replaced by new loans with lower interest rates, causing downward pressure on our net interest margin. In addition, our top ten depositor relationships accounted for approximately 9% and 8% of total deposit balances at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The business models and cash cycles of some of our large commercial depositors may also cause short-term volatility in their deposit balances held with us. As our customers' businesses grow, the dollar value of their daily activities may also grow leading to larger fluctuations in daily balances. Any long-term decline in deposit funding would adversely affect our liquidity. For additional information on our management of deposit volatility, refer to the Liquidity section of ITEM 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis, of this report.

Unexpected Early Termination of Interest Rate Swap Agreements May Affect Earnings

We have entered into interest-rate swap agreements, primarily as an asset/liability risk management tool, in order to mitigate the interest rate risk that causes fluctuations in the fair value of specified long-term fixed-rate loans or firm commitments to originate long-term fixed rate loans. In the event of default by the borrowers on our hedged loans, we may have to terminate these designated interest-rate swap agreements early, resulting in market value losses that could negatively affect our earnings.

The Trading Volume of Bancorp's Common Stock May Be Less than That of Other, Larger Financial Services Companies

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market exchange. Our trading volume is less than that of nationwide or larger regional financial institutions. A public trading market having the desired characteristics of depth, liquidity and orderliness depends on the presence of willing buyers and sellers of common stock at any given time. This presence depends on the individual decisions of investors and general economic and market conditions over which we have no control. Given the low trading volume of our common stock, significant trades of our stock in a given time period, or the expectations of these trades, could cause volatility in the stock price.

Credit Risks

We are Subject to Significant Credit Risk and Loan Losses May Exceed Our Allowance for Credit Losses in the Future

The operation of our business requires us to manage credit risk. As a lender, we are exposed to the risk that our borrowers will be unable to repay their loans according to their terms, and that the collateral securing repayment of their loans, if any, may not be sufficient to ensure repayment. In addition, there are risks inherent in making any loan, including risks with respect to the period of time over which the loan may be repaid, risks relating to proper loan underwriting, risks resulting from changes in economic and industry conditions and risks inherent in dealing with individual borrowers. In order to successfully manage credit risk, we must, among other things, maintain disciplined and prudent underwriting standards and ensure that our bankers follow those standards. The weakening of these standards for any reason, such as an attempt to attract higher yielding loans, a lack of discipline or diligence by our employees in underwriting and monitoring loans, the inability of our employees to adequately adapt policies and procedures to changes in economic or any other conditions affecting borrowers and the quality of our loan portfolio, may result in loan defaults, foreclosures and additional charge-offs and may necessitate that we

significantly increase our allowance for credit losses on loans, each of which could adversely affect our net income. As a result, any inability to successfully manage credit risk could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

We maintain allowances for credit losses on loans and unfunded loan commitments that represent management's best estimate of expected credit losses over the contractual lives of our loans under the current expected credit loss method. The level of the allowance reflects management's continuous evaluation of specific credit risks, loan loss experience, current loan portfolio quality and present and forecasted economic, political and regulatory conditions. The determination of the appropriate level of the allowances inherently involves a high degree of subjectivity and requires us to make significant estimates of current credit risks and trends and future economic forecasts, all of which may undergo material changes. Inaccurate assumptions in appraisals or an inappropriate choice of the valuation techniques may lead to an inadequate level of specific reserve or charge-offs.

The Small to Medium-sized Businesses that we Lend to may have Fewer Resources to Weather Adverse Economic and Other Developments, which may Impair a Borrower's Ability to Repay a Loan

We focus our business development and marketing strategy primarily on small to medium-sized businesses. Small to medium-sized businesses frequently have smaller market shares than their competition, may be more vulnerable to economic downturns, often need substantial additional capital to expand or compete and may experience substantial volatility in operating results, any of which may impair a borrower's ability to repay a loan. In addition, the success of a small and medium-sized business often depends on the management talents and efforts of one or two people or a small group of people, and the death, disability or resignation of one or more of these people could adversely affect the business and its ability to repay its loan. If general economic conditions negatively affect the California markets in which we operate and small to medium-sized businesses are adversely affected or our borrowers are otherwise affected by adverse business developments, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be negatively affected.

Negative Conditions Affecting Real Estate May Harm Our Business and Our Commercial Real Estate Concentration May Heighten Such Risk

Concentration of our lending activities in the California real estate sector could negatively affect our results of operations if adverse changes in our lending area occur. As of December 31, 2024, approximately 90% of our loans had real estate as a primary or secondary component of collateral, which were comprised of 72% commercial real estate and 28% residential real estate. Real estate valuations are influenced by demand, and demand is driven by economic factors such as employment rates and interest rates.

Loans secured by CRE include those secured by office buildings, owner-user office/warehouses, mixed-use commercial, retail properties and multi-family residential real estate. There can be no assurance that properties securing our loans will generate sufficient cash flows to allow borrowers to make full and timely loan payments to us. We do not lend on high-rise office towers in San Francisco and the Bay Area generally, but we do take office and other commercial properties as collateral in our CRE lending. For a discussion of our CRE lending, including detail on the types of properties in our real estate secured lending and geographic distribution of such loans, please see the discussion titled “FINANCIAL CONDITION – Loans” herein.

Rising CRE lending concentrations may expose institutions to unanticipated earnings and capital volatility in the event of adverse changes in the CRE market. Concentration risk exists when financial institutions deploy too many assets to any one industry or segment. Concentration stemming from commercial real estate is one area of regulatory concern. The CRE Concentration Guidance provides supervisory criteria, including the following numerical indicators, to assist bank examiners in identifying banks with potentially significant commercial real estate loan concentrations that may warrant greater supervisory scrutiny: (i) total commercial real estate loans exceeding 300% of capital and increasing 50% or more in the preceding three years; or (ii) construction and land development loans exceeding 100% of capital. The CRE Concentration Guidance does not limit banks’ levels of commercial real estate lending activities, but rather guides institutions in developing risk management practices and levels of capital that are commensurate with the level and nature of their commercial real estate concentrations. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, using regulatory definitions in the CRE Concentration Guidance, our CRE loans represented 389% and 371%, respectively, of our total risk-based capital. We manage our CRE concentrations and

discuss them as necessary with the banking regulatory agencies and believe that our underwriting policies, management information systems, independent credit administration process, and monitoring of real estate loan concentrations are currently sufficient to address the CRE Concentration Guidance.

Accounting Estimates and Risk Management Processes Rely on Analytical and Forecasting Models

The processes we use to estimate expected credit losses on loans and investment securities, and to measure the fair value of financial instruments, as well as the processes used to estimate the effects of changing interest rates and other market measures on our financial condition and results of operations, depends upon the use of analytical and forecasting models. These models reflect assumptions that may not be accurate, particularly in times of market volatility or other unforeseen circumstances. Even if these assumptions are adequate, the models may prove to be inadequate or inaccurate because of other flaws in their design or their implementation. If the models we use for interest rate risk and asset-liability management are inadequate, we may incur increased or unexpected losses upon changes in market interest rates or other market factors. If the models we use for determining our expected credit losses on loans and investment securities are inadequate, the allowance for credit losses may not be sufficient to support future charge-offs. If the models we use to measure the fair value of financial instruments are inadequate, the fair value of such financial instruments may fluctuate unexpectedly or may not accurately reflect what we could realize upon sale or settlement of such financial instruments. Any such failure in our analytical or forecasting models could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Investment Securities May Lose Value due to Credit Quality of the Issuers

We invest in significant portions of debt securities issued by government-sponsored enterprises ("GSE"), such as Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB"), Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC"). We also hold mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) issued by FNMA and FHLMC, both of which have been under U.S. government conservatorship since 2008. While we consider FNMA and FHLMC securities to have low credit risk as they carry the explicit backing of the U.S. government due to the conservatorship, they are not direct obligations of the U.S. government. The fair value of our securities issued or guaranteed by these two GSE entities may be negatively impacted if the U.S. government ceases to provide support to the conservatorship. GSE debt is sponsored but not guaranteed by the federal government and carries implicit backing, whereas government agencies such as Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA") are divisions of the government whose securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.

Although Congress has taken steps to improve regulation and consumer protection related to the housing finance system (e.g., the Dodd-Frank Act), FNMA and FHLMC have entered their 17th year of U.S. government conservatorship via the Federal Housing Finance Agency ("FHFA"). While proposals to end the conservatorship have considered solutions such as an initial public offering, at the date of this report, its future and ultimate impact on the financial markets and our investments in GSEs are uncertain.

While we generally seek to minimize our exposure by strategically diversifying our credit exposure to obligations of issuers in various geographic locations throughout California and the U.S., investing in investment-grade securities, and actively monitoring the creditworthiness of the issuers and/or credit guarantee providers, there is no guarantee that the issuers will remain financially sound or continue their payments on these debentures.

Operational and Other Risks

Risks Associated with Cybersecurity Could Negatively Affect Our Earnings and Reputation

Our business requires the secure management of sensitive client and bank information. We work diligently to implement layered security measures that intend to make our communications and information systems resilient and safe to conduct business. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI), cyber threats such as social engineering, ransomware, and phishing are more sophisticated and prevalent now than ever before. These incidents include intentional and unintentional events that may present threats designed to disrupt operations, corrupt data, release sensitive information, or cause denial-of-service attacks. A cybersecurity breach of systems operated by the Bank, merchants, vendors, customers, or externally publicized breaches of other financial

institutions may significantly harm our reputation, result in a loss of customer business, subject us to regulatory scrutiny, or expose us to civil litigation and financial liability. While we have systems and procedures designed to prevent security breaches, we cannot be certain that advances in cyberthreats, criminal capabilities, network break-ins, or inappropriate access will not compromise or breach the technology protecting our networks or proprietary client information. If a material security breach were to occur, the Bank has policies and procedures in place to ensure timely disclosure. For additional information on cybersecurity management and governance, refer to ITEM-1C, Cybersecurity, in this report.

The Financial Services Industry is Undergoing Rapid Technological Changes and, As a Result, We Have a Continuing Need to Stay Current with Those Changes to Compete Effectively and Increase Our Efficiencies. We May Not Have the Resources to Implement New Technology to Stay Current with These Changes

The financial services industry is undergoing technological changes with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services. In addition to providing better client service, the effective use of technology increases efficiency and reduces operational costs. Our future success will depend in part on our ability to use technology to provide products and services that will satisfy client demands securely and cost-effectively. In connection with implementing new technology enhancements and/or products, we may experience operational challenges (e.g., human error, system error, incompatibility), which could result in us not fully realizing the anticipated benefits from such new technology or require us to incur significant costs to remedy any such challenges in a timely manner.

Climate change and related legislative and regulatory initiatives may materially affect the Company’s business and results of operations

Concerns over the long-term impacts of climate change have led to governmental efforts around the world to mitigate those impacts. As a result, political and social attention to the issue of climate change has increased. The U.S. government, state legislatures and federal and state regulatory agencies are likely to continue to propose and advance numerous legislative and regulatory initiatives seeking to mitigate the effects of climate change. These initiatives and increasing supervisory expectations may require the Company to expend significant capital and incur compliance, operating, maintenance and remediation costs. In addition, given the lack of empirical data on the credit and other financial risks posed by climate change, it is impossible to predict how climate change may impact our financial condition and operations. As a banking organization, the physical effects of climate change may present certain unique risks. For example, our primary market is located in both earthquake and wildfire-prone zones in Northern California, which is also subject to other weather or disasters, such as severe rainstorms, drought or flood. These events have interrupted our business operations unexpectedly at times (e.g., PG&E power shutoffs in the North Bay and Sacramento Region). Climate-related physical changes and hazards could also pose credit risks for us. For example, our borrowers may have collateral properties or operations located in areas at risk of wildfires, or coastal areas at risk to rising sea levels and erosion, or subject to the risk of drought in California. The properties pledged as collateral on our loan portfolio could also be damaged by tsunamis, landslides, floods, earthquakes or wildfires and thereby the recoverability of loans could be impaired. A number of factors can affect credit losses, including the extent of damage to the collateral, the extent of damage not covered by insurance, the extent to which unemployment and other economic conditions caused by the natural disaster adversely affect the ability of borrowers to repay their loans, and the cost of collection and foreclosure to us. Additionally, there could be increased insurance premiums and deductibles, or a decrease in the availability of coverage, due to severe weather-related losses. The ultimate outcome on our business of a natural disaster, whether or not caused by climate change, is difficult to predict but could have a material adverse effect on financial condition, results of operations or profitability.

We Rely on Third-Party Vendors for Important Aspects of Our Operation

We depend on the accuracy and completeness of information and systems provided by certain key vendors, including but not limited to data processing, payroll processing, technology support, investment safekeeping and accounting. For example, we outsource core processing to Fidelity Information Services ("FIS") and wire processing to Finastra, which are leading financial services solution providers that allow us access to competitive technology offerings without having to invest in their development. Our ability to operate, as well as our financial condition and results of operations, could be negatively affected in the event of an interruption of an information

system, an undetected error, a cyber-breach, or in the event of a natural disaster whereby certain vendors are unable to maintain business continuity.

Regulatory and Compliance Risks

Banks and Bank Holding Companies are Subject to Extensive Government Regulation and Supervision

Bancorp and the Bank are subject to extensive federal and state governmental supervision, regulation and control. Holding company regulations affect the range of activities in which Bancorp is engaged. Banking regulations affect the Bank's lending practices, capital structure, investment practices, dividend policy, and compliance costs among other things. Compliance risk is the current and prospective risk to earnings or capital arising from violations of, or non-conformance with, laws, rules, regulations, prescribed practices, internal policies and procedures, or ethical standards set forth by regulators. Compliance risk also arises in situations where the laws or rules governing certain bank products or activities of our clients may be ambiguous or untested. This risk exposes Bancorp and the Bank to potential fines, civil money penalties, payment of damages and the voiding of contracts. Compliance risk can lead to diminished reputation, reduced franchise value, limited business opportunities, reduced expansion potential and an inability to enforce contracts. The Bank manages these risks through its extensive compliance plan, policies and procedures. For further information on supervision and regulation, see the section captioned “SUPERVISION AND REGULATION” in ITEM 1 of this report.

Significant changes or developments in U.S. laws or policies, and the reactions of the national and global economy to such changes, may have a material adverse effect on our business.

There are uncertainties around the legal and regulatory approach that will be taken under the Trump administration, and we cannot predict the likelihood, nature or extent of changes in law or government regulations that may arise from future legislation or administrative or executive action, either in the United States or abroad.

The current administration’s rapidly evolving policy pronouncements and executive orders create an unpredictable regulatory landscape. This unpredictability can result in sudden changes to the legal and regulatory framework governing our operations, making it challenging to plan and execute our business strategies effectively. Additionally, the potential for abrupt policy shifts may cause fluctuations in market conditions, impacting our investment portfolio, lending activities, and overall financial performance. The general uncertainty associated with the administration’s policy approach may also lead to increased market volatility and disruptions that could affect the availability and cost of capital, the valuation of our assets, the stability of our funding sources, and the financial health and operations of our borrowers. In turn, this may impact our ability to meet regulatory capital requirements, manage liquidity, and maintain profitability.

The administration’s efforts to roll back financial regulations, which may include those established under the Bank Secrecy Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and others could lead to changes in the regulatory environment in which we operate. While deregulation may reduce compliance costs and regulatory burdens, it may also increase competition and risk-taking in the financial services sector, potentially leading to greater market volatility and financial instability. We cannot, however, accurately predict the full effects of recent or future legislation or the various other governmental, regulatory, monetary, and fiscal initiatives which have been and may be enacted on the financial markets, the Company, and the Bank.

We continue to monitor regulatory developments and adjust our strategies accordingly. However, the inherent unpredictability of the current regulatory environment poses a risk to our business that could have material adverse effects on our financial condition and results of operations.

Any Regulatory Examination Scrutiny or New Regulatory Requirements Arising From the Recent Events in the Banking Industry Could Increase the Company’s Expenses and Affect the Company’s Operations

The Company could be subject to increased regulatory scrutiny – in the course of routine examinations and otherwise – and new regulations directed towards banks of similar size to the Bank, designed to address the recent

negative developments in the banking industry, all of which may increase the Company’s costs of doing business and reduce its profitability.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None

ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY

Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance

The Company recognizes that the security of our banking operations is critical to protecting our customers and maintaining our reputation. The cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving. To mitigate these risks, the Company deploys a comprehensive and resilient information security program that consists of a layered security model using industry leading hardware, software, and services to protect customers' and the Bank’s data and to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our information systems. This information security program is a critical component of our overall enterprise risk management program.

The Company leverages the following guidelines and frameworks to continue to refine and maintain the information security program: FFIEC Information Security IT Examination Handbook, FFIEC Business Continuity Planning Handbook, FFIEC Cybersecurity Assessment Tool, Center for Internet Security Critical Security Controls, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework.

Key components of the information security program include:

•A risk assessment process that identifies and prioritizes material cybersecurity risks; refines and evaluates the effectiveness of controls to mitigate the risks; and reports results to executive management and the Board of Directors.

•A third-party Managed Detection and Response (“MDR”) service, which monitors the security of our network, infrastructure and computer systems 24x7, 365 days a year.

•An incident response plan that outlines the steps the Bank will take to respond to a cybersecurity incident, which is tested on a periodic basis.

•Annual recurring cybersecurity controls testing program, which includes independent third-party penetration testing, cybersecurity procedures and system testing, and third-party independent network traffic monitoring.

•A training and awareness program that educates and tests employees on how to avoid and identify cybersecurity risks.

•A Cyber Security Insurance Policy that covers insurance, incident response, incident mitigation, and legal support.

The Company engages reputable third-party assessors to conduct various independent risk assessments on a regular basis, including but not limited to maturity assessments and various other tests. Following a defense-in-depth strategy, the Company leverages both in-house resources and third-party service providers to implement and maintain processes and controls to manage the identified risks.

Our vendor management program is designed to ensure that our vendors meet our cybersecurity requirements and manage our third-party risks. This includes conducting periodic risk assessments of critical vendors, requiring vendors to implement appropriate cybersecurity controls, and monitoring vendor compliance with our cybersecurity requirements.

Security controls are employed on all media where information is stored, the systems that process it, and infrastructure components that facilitate its transmission to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of Bank’s and customers' information. These controls include, but are not limited to, access control, data encryption, data loss prevention, incident response, security monitoring, third party risk management, and vulnerability management.

The Company's cybersecurity risk management program and strategy are regularly reviewed and updated to ensure that they are aligned with the Bank's business objectives and are designed to address evolving cybersecurity threats and satisfy regulatory requirements and industry standards.

The Company’s Board of Directors is charged with overseeing the establishment and execution of the Company’s risk management framework and monitoring adherence to related policies required by applicable statutes, regulations and principles of safety and soundness. Consistent with this responsibility, the Board has primary oversight of cybersecurity risk and cybersecurity risk management and receives reporting from management about material risks from cybersecurity threats. All members of the Board of Directors receive regular updates on cybersecurity risks and incidents from the Information Security Officer (“ISO”) and Chief Information Officer (“CIO”) and annual security awareness training. The Information Security department consists of cybersecurity professionals who assess, identify, and manage cybersecurity risks and are responsible for implementing and maintaining the Company’s cybersecurity risk management program.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

We lease our corporate headquarters building in Novato, California, which houses loan production, operations, Wealth Management and Trust Services and administration. We lease branch and office facilities within our primary market areas in the cities of Corte Madera, San Rafael, Novato, Sausalito, Mill Valley, Greenbrae, Petaluma, Santa Rosa, Healdsburg, Sonoma, Napa, San Francisco, Alameda, Oakland, Walnut Creek, Gold River, Jackson, Roseville, and Sacramento. For additional information on properties, refer to Note 4, Bank Premises and Equipment, and Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, in ITEM 8 of this report.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

For information on litigation matters, see Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, in ITEM 8 of this report.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information and Holders

Bancorp's common stock trades on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol BMRC. At February 28, 2025, 16,116,627 shares of Bancorp's common stock, no par value, were outstanding and held by approximately 7,500 holders of record and beneficial owners.

Five-Year Stock Price Performance Graph

The following graph, compiled by S&P Global Market Intelligence of New York, New York, shows a comparison of cumulative total shareholder return on our common stock during the five fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 compared to the Russell 2000 Stock index and the S&P Regional Banks Select Industry Index. The comparison assumes the investment of $100 in our common stock on December 31, 2019 and the reinvestment of all dividends. The graph represents past performance and does not indicate future performance. In addition, total return performance results vary depending on the length of the performance period.


	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Bank of Marin Bancorp (BMRC)	100.00	78.30	87.11	79.18	55.82	63.57
Russell 2000 Index	100.00	119.96	137.74	109.59	128.14	142.93
S&P Regional Banks Select Industry Index 1	100.00	92.90	129.98	110.80	102.56	122.17
Source: S&P Global Market Intelligence

1 The index comprises stocks in the S&P Total Market Index that are classified in the Global Industry Classification Standard regional banks sub-industry.

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table summarizes information as of December 31, 2024, with respect to equity compensation plans.


	Shares to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options1	Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options		Shares remaining available for future issuance 2
Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders	273,242	$	33.92	925,140

1 Represents shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options under the Bank of Marin Bancorp 2017 Equity Plan and 2007 Equity Plan.

2 Represents remaining shares of common stock available for future grants under the 2017 Equity Plan and the 2020 Director Stock Plan, excluding 273,242 shares to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options and 370,739 shares available to be issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

On July 21, 2023, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of Bancorp's share repurchase program for up to $25.0 million and expiring on July 31, 2025. Bancorp repurchased 220,000 shares totaling $4.3 million at an average price of $19.21 per share in the year ended December 31, 2024. There were no repurchases in 2023.

Shares repurchased pursuant to our common stock share repurchase programs during 2024, 2023 and 2022, were as follows.


	2024		2023		2022		Cumulative Totals
Total number of common shares repurchased	220,000		0		23,275		243,275
Total purchase price of common shares repurchased (in millions)	$	4.3	$	—	$	1.0	$	5.3

The following table reports information regarding repurchases of our common stock during the year ended December 31, 2024:


(in thousands, except per share data)	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share 1, 2		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs	Approximate Dollar Value That May yet Be Purchased Under the Program 3
Period


January 1, 2024 to January 31, 2024	—	$	—	—	$	25,000
February 1, 2024 to February 29, 2024	—	—		—	25,000
March 1, 2024 to March 31, 2024	—	—		—	25,000
April 1, 2024 to April 30, 2024	—	—		—	25,000
May 1, 2024 to May 31, 2024	—	—		—	25,000
June 1, 2024 to June 30, 2024	—	—		—	25,000
July 1, 2024 to July 31, 2024	—	—		—	25,000
August 1, 2024 to August 31, 2024	220	19.21		220	24,780
September 1, 2024 to September 30, 2024	—	—		—	24,780
October 1, 2024 to October 31, 2024	—	—		—	24,780
November 1, 2024 to November 30, 2024	—	—		—	24,780
December 1, 2024 to December 31, 2024	—	—		—	24,780
Year ended December 31, 2024	220	$	19.21	220	$	24,780
1 Average price paid per share excludes commission.
2 The aggregate purchase price and weighted average price per share does not include the effect of excise tax expense incurred on net stock repurchases. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the excise tax, net of issuances, was approximately $19 thousand.
3 On July 21, 2023, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of Bancorp's share repurchase program for up to $25.0 million and expiring on July 31, 2025.

ITEM 6. [RESERVED]

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion of financial condition as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 and results of operations for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2024 should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto, included in Part II ITEM 8 of this report.

Forward-Looking Statements

The disclosures set forth in this item are qualified by important factors detailed in Part I captioned Forward-Looking Statements and ITEM 1A captioned Risk Factors of this report and other cautionary statements set forth elsewhere in the report.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Critical accounting estimates are those estimates made in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles that involve a significant level of estimation and uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely to have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations. We consider accounting estimates to be critical to our financial results if (i) the accounting estimate requires management to make assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain, (ii) management could have applied different assumptions during the reported period, and (iii) changes in the accounting estimate are reasonably likely to occur in the future and could have a material impact on our financial statements. Management has determined the following accounting estimates and related policies to be critical.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans and Unfunded Commitments

The allowance for credit losses on loans is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis at the balance sheet date to present the net amount of loans expected to be collected. The allowance for losses on unfunded loan commitments is based on estimates of the probability that these commitments will be drawn upon according to historical utilization experience, expected loss severity, and loss rates as determined for pooled funded loans. The allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments is a liability account included in interest payable and other liabilities. Management estimates these allowances quarterly using relevant available information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Credit loss experience among the Bank and peer groups provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses.

The allowance for credit losses ("ACL") model utilizes a discounted cash flow ("DCF") method to measure the expected credit losses on loans collectively evaluated that are sub-segmented by loan pools with similar credit risk characteristics, which generally correspond to federal regulatory reporting codes. In addition, the DCF method incorporates assumptions for probability of default ("PD"), loss given default ("LGD"), and prepayments and curtailments over the contractual terms of the loans. Under the DCF method, the ACL reflects the difference between the amortized cost basis and the present value of the expected cash flows using the loan's effective rate.

Management considers whether adjustments to the quantitative portion of the ACL are needed for differences in segment-specific risk characteristics or to reflect the extent to which it expects current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic conditions to differ from the conditions that existed during the historical period included in the development of PD and LGD.

Our allowance model is particularly sensitive to forecasted and seasonally-adjusted actual California unemployment rates, which increased to 5.5% at December 31, 2024, from 5.1% at December 31, 2023. The ACL model incorporates a one-year forecast. For periods beyond the forecast horizon, the economic factors revert to historical averages on a straight-line basis over a one-year period through the remaining lives of the loans. We performed a sensitivity analysis as of December 31, 2024, and estimated that a 100 basis point change (e.g., 4.5% to 5.5%) in the forecasted unemployment rates over the next four quarters would result in about a 6% change to our allowance for credit losses on loans. This impact does not consider changes to other assumptions for either the quantitative factors, such as probability of default, loss given default, loan mix or cash flows, prepayment/curtailment rates, and individually analyzed loans, or qualitative factors as discussed in Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting

Policies. Additionally, because current economic conditions and forecasts can change, as future events are inherently difficult to predict, the estimated credit losses on loans and unfunded commitments could change significantly.

While we believe we use the best information available to determine the allowance for credit losses, our results of operations could be significantly affected if circumstances differ substantially from the assumptions used in determining the allowance. For information regarding critical estimates related to our allowance for credit losses methodology, the provision for credit losses, and risks to asset quality and lending activity, see ITEM 1A - Risk Factors, the Allowance for Credit Losses section in ITEM 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and Note 3 - Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans in ITEM 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

Fair Value Measurements

We use fair value measurements to record certain financial instruments and to determine fair value disclosures. Available-for-sale securities and interest rate swap agreements are financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, we record at fair value other financial assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as collateral dependent loans and other real estate owned. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve write-downs of, or specific reserves against, individual assets. We group our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value into three levels within the fair value hierarchy, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. The classification of assets and liabilities within the hierarchy is based on whether the inputs to the valuation methodology used in the measurement are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market-driven or market-based information obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our estimates about market data. The degree of management judgment involved in determining the fair value of a financial instrument is dependent upon the availability of quoted market prices or observable market data. For financial instruments that trade actively and have quoted market prices or observable market data, there is minimal subjectivity involved in measuring fair value. When observable market prices and data are not fully available, management judgment is necessary to estimate fair value. In addition, changes in market conditions may reduce the availability of quoted prices or observable data. Therefore, when market data is not available, we use valuation techniques that require more management judgment to estimate the appropriate fair value measurement. Fair value is discussed further in Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and Note 9 - Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities in ITEM 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Form 10-K.

Goodwill

Goodwill arises from the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations and represents the excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred, plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree, over the fair value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment, or more often if conditions change and indicate a possible impairment. Significant judgment is used in the assessment of goodwill, both in a qualitative assessment and a quantitative assessment. Assessments of goodwill often require the use of fair value estimates, which are dependent upon various factors, including estimates concerning the Company’s long-term growth prospects and comparability to industry data. Uncertainty and imprecision in estimates can affect the estimated fair value of the reporting unit in a goodwill assessment. Additionally, various events or circumstances could have a negative effect on the estimated fair value of a reporting unit, such as declines in business performance, increases in credit losses, and deterioration in economic or market conditions, which may result in a material impairment charge to earnings in future periods.

In both 2024 and 2023, the Company assessed goodwill for impairment by performing a quantitative assessment, which encompassed an income approach and two market approaches (peer metrics and recent transactions). The income approach considered such factors as the estimated future cash flows of our reporting unit based on internal long-term forecasts, assumptions concerning potential synergies and other economic benefits, and a discount rate used to present value such cash flows to determine the fair value. The market approach utilized observable market data from comparable public companies, including price-to-tangible book value ratios, to estimate the Company’s fair value. The market approach also incorporated a control premium to represent the Company’s expectation of a hypothetical acquisition. Management used judgment in the selection of comparable companies and included those with similar business activities, and related operating environments. In addition, the selection and weighting of the various fair value techniques may result in higher or lower estimates of fair value. Judgment is applied in determining the weightings between the income approach and the market approach in determining fair value. The results of these assessments indicated the value of goodwill was not impaired as of our annual impairment testing dates of November 30, 2024 and 2023, and there were no changes to our assessment through December 31, 2024.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Financial Highlights

The following are highlights of our financial condition and results of operations. The data was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Bank of Marin Bancorp.


				At December 31,
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)				2024			2023
Selected financial condition data:
Total assets				$	3,701,335		$	3,803,903
Investment securities				$	1,266,733		$	1,477,226
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses on loans				$	2,052,600		$	2,048,548
Deposits				$	3,220,015		$	3,290,075
Borrowings and other obligations				$	154		$	26,298
Stockholders' equity				$	435,407		$	439,062
Book value per share				$	27.06		$	27.17
Tangible book value per share				$	22.37		$	22.44
Asset quality ratios:
Allowance for credit losses to total loans				1.47		%	1.21		%
Allowance for credit losses to non-accrual loans				0.90x			3.15x
Non-accrual loans to total loans				1.63		%	0.39		%
Classified loans (graded substandard and doubtful) as a percentage of total loans				2.17		%	1.56		%
Capital ratios:
Equity to total assets				11.76		%	11.54		%
Tangible common equity to tangible assets				9.93		%	9.73		%
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)				16.54		%	16.89		%
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)				15.32		%	15.91		%
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)				10.46		%	10.46		%
Common equity Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)				15.32		%	15.91		%
Other data:
Loan-to-deposit ratio				64.70		%	63.03		%
Number of branches				27			27
Full-time equivalent employees				285			329
	For the Years Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)	2024			2023			2022
Selected operating data:
Net interest income	$	94,660		$	102,761		$	127,492
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on loans	5,550			2,575			(63)
Reversal of credit losses on unfunded loan commitments	(233)			(342)			(318)
Non-interest income	(21,360)			4,989			10,905
Non-interest expense	81,818			79,481			75,269
Net (loss) income	(8,409)			19,895			46,586
Net (loss) income per common share:
Basic	$	(0.52)		$	1.24		$	2.93
Diluted	$	(0.52)		$	1.24		$	2.92
Performance and other financial ratios:
Return on average assets	(0.22)		%	0.49		%	1.08		%
Return on average equity	(1.93)		%	4.69		%	11.16		%
Tax-equivalent net interest margin	2.63		%	2.63		%	3.11		%
Cost of deposits	1.41		%	0.74		%	0.06		%
Cost of funds	1.42		%	1.02		%	0.07		%
Efficiency ratio	111.62		%	73.76		%	54.39		%
Net charge-offs (recoveries)	$	66		$	386		$	(23)
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans	NM			0.02		%	NM
Cash dividend payout ratio on common stock 1	NM			80.65		%	33.45		%
Cash dividends per common share	$	1.00		$	1.00		$	0.98
1 Calculated as cash dividends per common share divided by basic net income per common share.
NM - Not meaningful.

Executive Summary

Our annual loss was $8.4 million in 2024, compared to earnings of $19.9 million in 2023. Diluted loss was $(0.52) per share in 2024, compared to earnings of $1.24 per share in 2023.

Results for 2024 were significantly impacted by our strategic balance sheet repositioning which included the sale of $325.2 million in low yielding investment securities at a $32.5 million pre-tax loss, the payoff of high cost borrowings and the purchase and origination of higher yielding loans and securities. In addition, we took actions to reduce operating expenses in 2024 which positively impacted our results later in the year. Though the percentage of non-accrual loans increased from the prior year, we continue to proactively identify and manage credit risk within the loan portfolio and there were some improvements in credit quality trends during the fourth quarter. We believe the strength of our balance sheet, higher level of productivity that we are seeing from our banking teams, and positive trends in our net interest margin and operating leverage are key factors that should help mitigate any unforeseen credit quality deterioration that may arise and drive further improvement in our financial performance in the year ahead.

The following are highlights of operating and financial performance for the year ended December 31, 2024:

•Loans increased $9.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, to $2.083 billion, compared to $2.074 billion at December 31, 2023. Excluding a $35.7 million loan pool purchase of residential real estate loans, loan originations totaled $152.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $144.1 million for the prior year.

•Classified loans made up 2.17% of total loans as of December 31, 2024, compared to 1.56% as of December 31, 2023. The Bank continues to proactively identify and manage credit risk within the loan portfolio.

•Non-accrual loans totaled $33.9 million, or 1.63% of the loan portfolio, compared to $8.0 million, or 0.39%, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively primarily due to three relationships designated as non-accrual in the second and third quarters of 2024. Of the total non-accrual loans as of December 31, 2024, approximately 56% were paying as agreed, 91% were real estate secured, and all are being closely managed and monitored.

•A $5.6 million provision for credit losses on loans in 2024 including a $5.2 million specific reserve taken on a commercial real estate loan as a result of declining collateral values brought the allowance for credit losses to 1.47% of total loans, compared to 1.21% as of December 31, 2023.

•Total deposits decreased by $70.1 million to $3.220 billion as of December 31, 2024, from $3.290 billion as of December 31, 2023. Non-interest bearing deposits continue to remain strong compared to our peers and made up 43.5% of total deposits as of December 31, 2024, compared to 43.8% as of December 31, 2023. We believe we are appropriately competitive in regard to deposit pricing, given our relationship banking model, which differentiates Bank of Marin through exceptional service. Estimated uninsured and/or uncollateralized deposits comprised 29% of total deposits as of December 31, 2024.

•At December 31, 2024, the Bank had no outstanding borrowings compared to $26.0 million at December 31, 2023, as a result of our strategic balance sheet restructuring in 2023 and 2024. Total available funding sources, including unrestricted cash, unencumbered available-for-sale securities, and total available borrowing capacity, were $1.849 billion, or 57% of total deposits and 197% of estimated uninsured and/or uncollateralized deposits as of December 31, 2024.

•The tax-equivalent net interest margin was 2.63% for 2024, consistent with 2023. Higher yields on loans increased the margin by 31 basis points, while higher deposit costs resulted in a 64 basis points reduction in the margin. In addition, the year's balance sheet restructuring activities affected the borrowings, interest-bearing cash and investments factors with impacts of 27, 13 and (7) basis points, respectively.

•All capital ratios were above well-capitalized regulatory requirements. Bancorp's total risk-based capital ratio was 16.54% as of December 31, 2024, compared to 16.89% as of December 31, 2023. Tangible common equity to tangible assets ("TCE ratio") increased to 9.93% as of December 31, 2024, from 9.73% as of December 31, 2023. While we do not intend to sell our held-to-maturity securities, the TCE ratio, net of after-tax unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities as if the losses were realized, was 7.85% as of December 31, 2024 (refer to the discussion and reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure in the section below entitled Statement Regarding Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures).

•The Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.25 per share on January 23, 2025, which was the 79th consecutive quarterly dividend paid by Bancorp. The dividend was paid on February 13, 2025 to shareholders of record at the close of business on February 6, 2025.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is the interest earned on loans, investments and other interest-earning assets minus interest expense incurred on deposits and other interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income is impacted by changes in general market interest rates and by changes in the composition of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Interest rate changes can create fluctuations in net interest income and/or margin due to an imbalance in the timing of repricing or maturity of assets and liabilities. We manage interest rate risk exposure with the goal of minimizing the impact of interest rate volatility on net interest income.

Net interest margin is expressed as net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets. Net interest rate spread is the difference between the average rate earned on total interest-earning assets and the average rate incurred on total interest-bearing liabilities. Both of these measures are reported on a taxable-equivalent basis. Net interest margin is the higher of the two because it reflects interest income earned on assets funded with non-interest-bearing sources of funds, which include demand deposits and stockholders’ equity.

The following table compares interest income, average interest-earning assets, interest expense, and average interest-bearing liabilities for the periods presented. The table also presents net interest income, net interest margin and net interest rate spread for the years indicated.


Average Statements of Condition and Analysis of Net Interest Income
		Year ended						Year ended						Year ended
		December 31, 2024						December 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
				Interest						Interest						Interest
		Average		Income/		Yield/		Average		Income/		Yield/		Average		Income/		Yield/
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)		Balance		Expense		Rate		Balance		Expense		Rate		Balance		Expense		Rate
Assets
	Interest-earning deposits with banks 1	$	128,752	$	6,714	5.13	%	$	42,864	$	2,329	5.36	%	$	120,395	$	1,407	1.15	%
	Investment securities 2, 3	1,361,859		33,349		2.45	%	1,753,708		39,100		2.23	%	1,796,628		35,534		1.98	%
	Loans 1, 3, 4, 5	2,074,971		101,912		4.83	%	2,099,719		99,018		4.65	%	2,175,259		94,614		4.29	%
	Total interest-earning assets 1	3,565,582		141,975		3.92	%	3,896,291		140,447		3.56	%	4,092,282		131,555		3.17	%
	Cash and non-interest-bearing due from banks	36,692						37,868						53,534
	Bank premises and equipment, net	7,310						8,348						7,400
	Interest receivable and other assets, net	164,298						135,200						151,295
Total assets		$	3,773,882					$	4,077,707					$	4,304,511
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
	Interest-bearing transaction accounts	$	193,456	$	1,201	0.62	%	$	240,524	$	1,036	0.43	%	$	294,682	$	421	0.14	%
	Savings accounts	227,061		2,003		0.88	%	281,611		867		0.31	%	341,710		125		0.04	%
	Money market accounts	1,155,016		33,914		2.94	%	1,013,620		18,553		1.83	%	1,065,104		1,589		0.15	%
	Time accounts, including CDARS	262,482		9,254		3.53	%	191,056		4,715		2.47	%	140,547		323		0.23	%
	Borrowings and other obligations 1	4,628		241		5.13	%	221,623		11,562		5.15	%	2,295		91		3.90	%

	Total interest-bearing liabilities	1,842,643		46,613		2.53	%	1,948,434		36,733		1.89	%	1,844,338		2,549		0.14	%
	Demand accounts	1,448,346						1,656,047						1,993,373
	Interest payable and other liabilities	47,823						49,442						49,456
	Stockholders' equity	435,070						423,784						417,344
Total liabilities & stockholders' equity		$	3,773,882					$	4,077,707					$	4,304,511
Tax-equivalent net interest income/margin 1,3				$	95,362	2.63	%			$	103,714	2.63	%			$	129,006	3.11	%
Reported net interest income/margin 1				$	94,660	2.61	%			$	102,761	2.60	%			$	127,492	3.07	%
Tax-equivalent net interest rate spread						1.39	%					1.67	%					3.03	%

1 Interest income/expense is divided by actual number of days in the period times 360 days to correspond to stated interest rate terms, where applicable.
2 Yields on available-for-sale securities are calculated based on amortized cost balances rather than fair value, as changes in fair value are reflected as a component of stockholders' equity. Investment security interest is earned on 30/360 day basis monthly.
3 Yields and interest income on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a taxable-equivalent basis using the federal statutory rate of 21%.
4 Average balances on loans outstanding include non-performing loans. The amortized portion of net loan origination fees is included in interest income on loans, representing an adjustment to the yield.


5 Net loan origination (costs) fees included in interest income totaled $(1.6) million, $(1.3) million, and $1.1 million in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income

The following table presents the effects of changes in average balances (volume) or changes in average rates on tax-equivalent net interest income for the years indicated. Volume variances are equal to the increase or decrease in average balances multiplied by prior period rates. Rate variances are equal to the increase or decrease in rates multiplied by prior period average balances. Mix variances are attributable to the change in yields or rates multiplied by the change in average balances including one day more in the year ended 2024.


	2024 compared to 2023								2023 compared to 2022
(in thousands, unaudited)	Volume		Yield/Rate		Mix		Total		Volume		Yield/Rate		Mix		Total
Interest-earning deposits with banks	$	4,667	$	(100)	$	(182)	$	4,385	$	(906)	$	5,135	$	(3,307)	$	922
Investment securities 1	(8,737)		3,845		(859)		(5,751)		(849)		4,523		(108)		3,566
Loans 1	(1,167)		3,828		233		2,894		(3,286)		7,966		(276)		4,404
Total interest-earning assets	(5,237)		7,573		(808)		1,528		(5,041)		17,624		(3,691)		8,892
Interest-bearing transaction accounts	(203)		453		(85)		165		(77)		848		(156)		615
Savings accounts	(168)		1,610		(306)		1,136		(22)		926		(162)		742
Money market accounts	2,588		11,128		1,645		15,361		(77)		17,906		(865)		16,964
Time accounts, including CDARS	1,763		2,002		774		4,539		116		3,146		1,130		4,392
Borrowings and other obligations	(11,321)		(50)		50		(11,321)		8,697		29		2,745		11,471

Total interest-bearing liabilities	(7,341)		15,143		2,078		9,880		8,637		22,855		2,692		34,184
Tax-equivalent net interest income	$	2,104	$	(7,570)	$	(2,886)	$	(8,352)	$	(13,678)	$	(5,231)	$	(6,383)	$	(25,292)
1 Yields and interest income on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a taxable-equivalent basis using the federal statutory rate of 21%.

2024 Compared to 2023

Net interest income totaled $94.7 million in 2024, compared to $102.8 million in 2023. The $8.1 million decrease from the prior year was primarily due to higher deposit costs of $21.2 million, partially offset by the reduction of $11.3 million in borrowing costs.

The tax-equivalent net interest margin was 2.63% for 2024, consistent with 2023. Higher yields on loans increased the margin by 31 basis points, while higher deposit costs resulted in a 64 basis points reduction in the margin. In addition, the year's balance sheet restructuring activities affected the borrowings, interest-bearing cash and investments factors with impacts of 27, 13 and (7) basis points, respectively.

2023 Compared to 2022

Net interest income totaled $102.8 million in 2023, compared to $127.5 million in 2022. The $24.7 million decrease from the prior year was primarily due to higher funding costs of $34.2 million, partially offset by higher average yields on earning assets.

The tax-equivalent net interest margin was 2.63% for 2023, compared to 3.11% for 2022. The decrease was primarily attributed to higher deposit and borrowing costs, partially offset by higher yields on loans and investment securities. Average interest-bearing deposit balances decreased by $115.2 million, while the average rate increased by 133 basis points, decreasing the margin by 58 basis points. Average borrowings and other obligations increased by $219.3 million, while the average cost increased by 125 basis points, decreasing the net interest margin by 29 basis points. Average loan balances decreased by $75.5 million, while the average yield increased by 36 basis points, increasing the margin by 23 basis points. Average investment securities decreased $42.9 million, while their average yield increased 25 basis points, improving the margin by 14 basis points.

Market Interest Rates

Market interest rates are, in part, based on the target federal funds interest rate (the interest rate banks charge each other for short-term borrowings) implemented by the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee ("FOMC").

In response to the evolving risks to economic activity caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the FOMC made two emergency federal funds rate cuts totaling 150 basis points in March 2020. The federal funds rate range remained between 0.0% and 0.25% through the beginning of 2022, putting downward pressure on our asset yields and net interest margin. The FOMC began increasing rates in March 2022, totaling seven rate increases in 2022 and four

additional rate increases in 2023, and ended the year of 2023 at a federal funds target rate range between 5.25% and 5.50%. Rising interest rates resulted in rapid increases in the cost of funds through rising deposit costs and increased average borrowings, putting pressure on our net interest margin. Because market interest rates remained high for longer than many market participants anticipated, during the second quarter of 2024, we sold securities with relatively low yields and redeployed the proceeds to pay off borrowings, invest in higher yielding loans and securities, and position the balance sheet for future acquisitions of similar assets.

Primarily due to declining inflation, the Federal Reserve lowered the target for the federal funds rate by 100 basis points, to a range of 4.25% to 4.50% in the later months of 2024. At the January 2025 meeting, the FOMC left rates unchanged and signaled slower than originally anticipated rate cuts are likely in 2025. Management and the Board are continuously monitoring and analyzing the impact of market rates on the Company's financial condition and results of operations to enhance performance, safety and soundness and returns to shareholders. See ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk for further information.

Provision for Credit Losses on Loans

Management assesses the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses on loans quarterly based on several factors, including growth or contraction of the loan portfolio, past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts to estimate expected losses over the contractual terms of our loans. The allowance for credit losses on loans is increased by provisions charged to expense and loss recoveries and decreased by loans charged off.

The following table shows the activity for the periods presented.


	Years ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on loans	$	5,550	$	2,575	$	(63)

The provision in 2024 was due primarily to increases in qualitative risk factors to account for continued uncertainty about inflation and recession risks, and from continued negative trends in adversely graded loans and/or collateral values on our non-owner occupied commercial real estate office and multi-family real estate portfolios including $5.2 million taken in the second quarter due to an increased individual reserve for one non-owner occupied commercial real estate loan totaling $16.7 million that, although current, had experienced a deterioration in the collateral value and, therefore, a material increase in the loan-to-value.

The provision in 2023 was due primarily to adjustments to qualitative risk factors from continued uncertainty about inflation and recession risks, the potential impact of rapidly increasing interest rates and other external factors on both our non-owner-occupied commercial real estate and construction portfolios, loan and collateral concentration risks in our construction and commercial real estate portfolios, heightened portfolio management in light of current economic conditions, and continued negative trends in adversely graded loans and/or collateral values for our non-owner occupied commercial real estate office and multi-family real estate portfolios.

The provision reversal in 2022 was largely due to a $55.4 million decrease in applicable loan balances (excludes the $107.7 million decrease in PPP loans for which there was no allowance) and improvements in Moody's Analytics' Baseline Forecast of California unemployment rates since December 31, 2021, which decreased the quantitative "modeled" allowance for credit losses. These decreases were partially offset by adjustments to qualitative risk factors to account for the ongoing deterioration in the economic outlook that management believed was not captured in the quantitative portion of the allowance calculation.

Non-interest Income

The table below details the components of non-interest income.



							2024 compared to 2023				2023 compared to 2022
	Years ended December 31,						Amount Increase (Decrease)		Percent Increase (Decrease)		Amount Increase (Decrease)		Percent Increase (Decrease)
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	2024		2023		2022
Wealth management and trust services	$	2,420	$	2,145	$	2,227	$	275	12.8	%	$	(82)	(3.7)	%
Service charges on deposit accounts	2,164		2,083		2,007		81		3.9	%	76		3.8	%
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance, net	1,714		1,802		1,229		(88)		(4.9)	%	573		46.6	%
Debit card interchange fees, net	1,701		1,831		2,051		(130)		(7.1)	%	(220)		(10.7)	%
Dividends on Federal Home Loan Bank stock	1,478		1,265		1,056		213		16.8	%	209		19.8	%
Merchant interchange fees, net	324		496		549		(172)		(34.7)	%	(53)		(9.7)	%
Losses on sale of investment securities, net	(32,541)		(5,893)		(63)		(26,648)		452.2	%	(5,830)		9,254.0	%
Other income	1,380		1,260		1,849		120		9.5	%	(589)		(31.9)	%
Total non-interest income	$	(21,360)	$	4,989	$	10,905	$	(26,349)	(528.1)	%	$	(5,916)	(54.3)	%

2024 Compared to 2023

Non-interest income showed a loss of $21.4 million for 2024, a $26.3 million decrease from income of $5.0 million for 2023. The decrease in 2024 was primarily due to the $32.5 million net loss on the sale of available-for-sale investment securities in the second quarter related to our balance sheet restructuring. Excluding losses on sale of securities in both years, non-interest income increased by $299 thousand, which included a $275 thousand year-over-year increase in wealth management and trust services income due to increased assets.

2023 Compared to 2022

Non-interest income totaled $5.0 million in 2023, a $5.9 million decrease from $10.9 million in 2022. The decrease in 2023 was primarily due to the $5.9 million net loss on the sale of investment securities mentioned above. Excluding this loss, non-interest income decreased by $86 thousand, which included a $504 thousand decline in deposit network fees earned when deposit balances were brought back on the balance sheet, and a $220 thousand decrease in debit card interchange income. Decreases were partially offset by $573 thousand higher benefit payments from and earnings on bank-owned life insurance, and $209 thousand from increases in dividends on Federal Home Loan Bank stock.

Non-interest Expense

The table below details the components of non-interest expense.



							2024 compared to 2023				2023 compared to 2022
	Years ended December 31,						Amount Increase (Decrease)		Percent Increase (Decrease)		Amount Increase (Decrease)		Percent Increase (Decrease)
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	2024		2023		2022
Salaries and employee benefits	$	44,683	$	43,448	$	42,046	$	1,235	2.8	%	$	1,402	3.3	%
Occupancy and equipment	8,242		8,306		7,823		(64)		(0.8)	%	483		6.2	%
Professional services	5,129		3,598		3,299		1,531		42.6	%	299		9.1	%
Data processing	4,222		4,057		4,649		165		4.1	%	(592)		(12.7)	%
Deposit network fees	3,526		2,783		258		743		26.7	%	2,525		978.7	%
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance	1,863		1,878		1,179		(15)		(0.8)	%	699		59.3	%
Information technology	1,686		1,569		2,197		117		7.5	%	(628)		(28.6)	%
Depreciation and amortization	1,466		2,098		1,840		(632)		(30.1)	%	258		14.0	%
Directors' expense	1,213		1,212		1,107		1		0.1	%	105		9.5	%
Amortization of core deposit intangible	975		1,350		1,489		(375)		(27.8)	%	(139)		(9.3)	%
Charitable contributions	677		717		709		(40)		(5.6)	%	8		1.1	%
Other real estate owned	—		48		359		(48)		(100.0)	%	(311)		(86.6)	%
Other non-interest expense:
Advertising	1,090		1,244		1,070		(154)		(12.4)	%	174		16.3	%
Other expense	7,046		7,173		7,244		(127)		(1.8)	%	(71)		(1.0)	%
Total other non-interest expense	8,136		8,417		8,314		(281)		(3.3)	%	103		1.2	%
Total non-interest expense	$	81,818	$	79,481	$	75,269	$	2,337	2.9	%	$	4,212	5.6	%

2024 Compared to 2023

Non-interest expenses increased $2.3 million to $81.8 million in 2024 from $79.5 million in 2023. Significant fluctuations were as follows:

•Professional services expenses increased by $1.5 million, mainly from the legal resolution of a Private Attorneys General Act / putative class action lawsuit of $615 thousand and $354 thousand in the new loan operating system platform and implementation costs.

•Salaries and employee benefits increased by $1.2 million primarily due to severance and salaries paid in relation to the reduction in force in the second quarter, the filling of open positions and the hiring of several key employees and officers, higher insurance costs, and lower deferred loan origination costs. Increases to salaries and employee benefits were partially offset by a decrease in profit sharing expense mainly from accrual adjustments, a decrease in accrued incentive bonuses, and a decrease in stock-based compensation from changes in award structure and estimated performance award payouts.

•Deposit network fees increased by $743 thousand due both to rate and volume.

•Depreciation and amortization expenses decreased by $632 thousand, mainly from the acceleration of lease-related costs for four branch closures in 2023.

•Amortization of the core deposit intangible decreased by $375 thousand as the Bank of Alameda amortization completed in 2023.

2023 Compared to 2022

Non-interest expenses increased $4.2 million to $79.5 million in 2023 from $75.3 million in 2022. Significant fluctuations were as follows:

•Deposit network fees increased by $2.5 million as customers sought additional FDIC insurance protection through reciprocal deposit networks.

•Salaries and employee benefits increased by $1.4 million primarily due to the filling of open positions and the hiring of several key employees and officers, an increase in SERP-related expenses largely due to new and retired participant adjustments lowering costs for 2022, an increase in deferred officer compensation expense from increased participation and interest rates, higher insurance costs, and lower deferred loan origination costs. Increases to salaries and employee benefits were partially offset by a decrease in profit sharing expense mainly from accrual adjustments and because some contributions in 2023 were made from forfeitures rather than paid in cash, a decrease in accrued incentive bonuses, and a decrease in stock-based compensation from changes in award structure and estimated performance award payout estimates.

•FDIC insurance costs increased by $699 thousand due to an increase in the FDIC statutory assessment rate to strengthen the Deposit Insurance Fund.

•Occupancy and equipment and depreciation and amortization expenses rose by $483 thousand and $258 thousand, respectively, mainly from the acceleration of lease-related costs for branch closures in the first quarter of 2023 and higher maintenance costs.

•Professional services expenses increased by $299 thousand, mainly from consulting fees associated with core systems contract negotiations, systems transformation projects, and internal and external audit costs.

•Information technology and data processing expenses decreased by $628 thousand and $592 thousand, respectively, due to our core system contract renegotiation for the current period and because the prior year included data processing expenses largely eliminated after the systems conversion associated with the American River Bankshares merger.

•Other real estate owned expenses decreased by $311 thousand due to the write-down in 2022 of the property that was then sold in the third quarter of 2023.

Provision for Income Taxes

Income tax provisions reflect accruals for taxes at the applicable rates for federal income tax and California franchise tax based upon reported pre-tax income. Provisions also reflect permanent differences between income for tax and financial reporting purposes (such as earnings on tax exempt loans and municipal securities, bank-owned life insurance ("BOLI"), low-income housing tax credits, and stock-based compensation from the exercise of stock options, disqualifying dispositions of incentive stock options and vesting of restricted stock awards).

The benefit for income taxes totaled $5.4 million at an effective tax rate of 39.2% in 2024, compared to the provision of $6.1 million at an effective tax rate of 23.6% in 2023 and $16.9 million at an effective tax rate of 26.6% in 2022. The reversal in the provision for income taxes in 2024, reflected the impact of the net loss before taxes in the year of $13.8 million compared to net income before taxes of $26.0 million in 2023. The 15.6% increase in the effective tax rate in 2024, as compared to 2023, was due to the treatment of certain permanent differences while in a loss position, such as in 2024. The 300 basis point decrease from 2022 to 2023 was primarily due to a larger proportional effect of permanent tax differences on lower pretax income and higher tax-exempt BOLI income. This decrease was partially offset by a reduction in the tax-exempt interest exclusion (due to a larger IRC Section 291(e) interest expense disallowance), compared to 2022.

We file a consolidated return in the U.S. federal tax jurisdiction and a combined return in the state of California tax jurisdiction. There were no ongoing federal or state income tax examinations at the time of the issuance of this report. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, neither the Bank nor Bancorp had accruals for interest or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Investment Securities

We maintain an investment securities portfolio to provide liquidity and generate earnings on funds that have not been loaned to customers. Management determines the maturities and types of securities to be purchased based on liquidity and interest rate risk position, and the desire to attain a reasonable investment yield balanced with risk exposure. The tables below show the composition of the debt securities portfolio by weighted average life at December 31, 2024 and 2023. Weighted average life takes into account the issuer's right to call or prepay obligations, with or without call or prepayment penalties. The weighted average life of the investment portfolio at December 31, 2024 and 2023 was approximately 5.9 and 6.6 years, respectively. The effective duration of the investment portfolio was 4.8 and 5.2 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.


December 31, 2024	Within 1 Year				1-5 Years				5-10 Years				After 10 Years				Total
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	AmortizedCost1		Average Yield2		AmortizedCost1		Average Yield2		AmortizedCost1		Average Yield2		AmortizedCost1		Average Yield2		Amortized Cost1		Fair Value		Average Yield2
Held-to-maturity:
CMBS/MBS/CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies	$	10,895	2.47	%	$	194,427	3.29	%	$	353,313	2.10	%	$	86,060	2.07	%	$	644,695	$	560,812	2.46	%
SBA-backed securities	—		—		1,513		3.16		—		—		—		—		1,513		1,452		3.16
Debentures of government-sponsored agencies	20,000		4.25		5,000		5.00		83,460		1.83		32,971		1.85		141,431		118,737		2.29
Obligations of state and political subdivisions - tax-exempt3	3,041		3.77		2,368		3.64		20,067		3.00		5,765		1.90		31,241		29,057		2.92
Obligations of state and political subdivisions - taxable	—		—		—		—		13,637		2.03		16,682		2.36		30,319		24,162		2.21
Corporate bonds	15,000		3.50		15,000		3.75		—		—		—		—		30,000		29,315		3.63
Total held-to-maturity	48,936		3.59		218,308		3.36		470,477		2.09		141,478		2.05		879,199		763,535		2.48
Available-for-sale:
CMBS/MBS/CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies	100,397		4.09		131,820		3.29		54,857		2.90		8,718		2.36		295,792		279,838		3.46
SBA-backed securities	—		—		331		2.20		—		—		—		—		331		308		2.20
Debentures of government sponsored agencies	—		—		—		—		8,971		1.36		—		—		8,971		7,210		1.36
U.S. Treasury securities	—		—		12,020		0.78		—		—		—		—		12,020		10,815		0.78
Obligations of state and political subdivisions - tax-exempt3	—		—		3,831		0.68		43,581		2.04		40,043		2.73		87,455		76,199		2.30
Obligations of state and political subdivisions - taxable	—		—		2,992		1.09		5,731		1.86		—		—		8,723		7,515		1.60
Corporate bonds	—		—		6,000		1.15		—		—		—		—		6,000		5,649		1.15


Total available-for-sale	100,397		4.09		156,994		2.91		113,140		2.40		48,761		2.66		419,292		387,534		3.02
Total	$	149,333	3.93	%	$	375,302	3.17	%	$	583,617	2.15	%	$	190,239	2.21	%	$	1,298,491	$	1,151,069	2.66	%


December 31, 2023	Within 1 Year				1-5 Years				5-10 Years				After 10 Years				Total
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	AmortizedCost1		Average Yield2		AmortizedCost1		Average Yield2		AmortizedCost1		Average Yield2		AmortizedCost1		Average Yield2		Amortized Cost1		Fair Value		Average Yield2
Held-to-maturity:
CMBS/MBS/CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies	$	—	—	%	$	139,418	3.41	%	$	462,010	2.23	%	$	83,757	2.1	%	$	685,185	$	605,934	2.45	%
SBA-backed securities	—		—		1,853		3.17		—		—		—		—		1,853		1,763		3.17
Debentures of government-sponsored agencies	—		—		29,994		4.38		83,345		1.83		32,787		1.85		146,126		124,132		2.36
Obligations of state and political subdivisions - tax-exempt3	—		—		3,070		3.77		2,392		3.65		26,220		2.74		31,682		29,820		2.91
Obligations of state and political subdivisions - taxable	—		—		—		—		12,473		1.99		17,879		2.36		30,352		24,377		2.21
Corporate bonds	—		—		30,000		3.63		—		—		—		—		30,000		28,804		3.63
Total held-to-maturity	—		—		204,335		3.59		560,220		2.17		160,643		2.19		925,198		814,830		2.48



Available-for-sale:
CMBS/MBS/CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies	677		1.93		261,575		2.05		116,365		2.24		13,720		3.05		392,337		352,472		2.14
SBA-backed securities	—		—		21,126		2.45		—		—		—		—		21,126		19,471		2.45
Debentures of government sponsored agencies	—		—		64,929		1.22		8,970		1.36		—		—		73,899		66,862		1.23
U.S. Treasury securities	—		—		11,923		1.00		—		—		—		—		11,923		10,623		1.00
Obligations of state and political subdivisions - tax-exempt3	—		—		5,142		1.59		14,602		2.04		69,382		2.68		89,126		80,720		2.51
Obligations of state and political subdivisions - taxable	100		3.14		3,005		1.31		8,956		1.74		1,015		1.98		13,076		11,162		1.67
Corporate bonds	—		—		11,992		1.19		—		—		—		—		11,992		10,718		1.19
Asset-backed securities	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total available-for-sale	777		2.08		379,692		1.86		148,893		2.13		84,117		2.73		613,479		552,028		2.04
Total	$	777	2.08	%	$	584,027	2.46	%	$	709,113	2.16	%	$	244,760	2.37	%	$	1,538,677	$	1,366,858	2.31	%

1 Book value reflects cost, adjusted for accumulated amortization and accretion.

2 Weighted average calculation is based on amortized cost of securities.

3 Yields on tax-exempt municipal bonds are presented on a taxable equivalent basis, using a federal tax rate of 21%.

The amortized cost of our investment securities portfolio decreased by $240.2 million, or 15.6%, in 2024. In 2024, we sold $325.2 million in available-for-sale securities with an average yield of 1.94%, as part of a balance sheet restructuring, including $190.5 million in agency collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs"), $65.0 million in debentures of government sponsored agencies, $39.8 million in agency mortgage-backed securities ("MBSs"), $18.4 million in SBA-backed securities, $6.0 million in corporate bonds and $5.5 million in obligations of state and political subdivisions. The sales of available-for-sale securities generated a net pre-tax loss of $32.5 million.

We consider agency debentures and CMOs issued by U.S. government sponsored entities to have low credit risk as they carry the credit support of the U.S. federal government. The debentures, CMBSs, CMOs and MBS issued by U.S. government sponsored agencies, SBA-backed securities and U.S. Treasury securities made up 85.1% of the portfolio as of December 31, 2024, compared to 86.6% at December 31, 2023. See the discussion in the section captioned “Securities May Lose Value Due to Credit Quality of the Issuers” in ITEM 1A Risk Factors above.

At December 31, 2024 and 2023, distribution of our investment in obligations of state and political subdivisions was as follows:


	December 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Percent of State and Municipal Securities		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Percent of State and Municipal Securities
Within California:
General obligation bonds	$	22,913	$	18,749	14.5	%	$	24,191	$	20,009	14.7	%
Revenue bonds	2,060		1,658		1.3		3,507		2,917		2.1
Tax allocation bonds	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total within California	24,973		20,407		15.8		27,698		22,926		16.8
Outside California:
General obligation bonds	108,037		94,748		68.5		108,846		98,139		66.3
Revenue bonds	24,728		21,778		15.7		27,692		25,014		16.9

Total outside California	132,765		116,526		84.2		136,538		123,153		83.2
Total obligations of state and political subdivisions	$	157,738	$	136,933	100.0	%	$	164,236	$	146,079	100.0	%
Percent of investment portfolio	12.2%		11.9%				10.7%		10.7%

The portion of the portfolio outside the state of California is distributed among twelve states. Of the total investment in obligations of state and political subdivisions, the largest concentrations outside California are in Texas (38.4%), Washington (15.7%), and Wisconsin (9.4%). Our investments in obligations issued by municipal issuers in Texas are either guaranteed by the AAA-rated Texas Permanent School Fund ("PSF"), rated AAA without enhancement, or backed by revenue sources from essential services (such as utilities and transportation).

Investments in states, municipalities and political subdivisions are subject to an initial pre-purchase credit assessment and ongoing monitoring. Key considerations include:

•The soundness of a municipality’s budgetary position and the stability of its tax revenues

•Debt profile and level of unfunded liabilities, diversity of revenue sources, taxing authority of the issuer

•Local demographics and economics including unemployment data, the largest local taxpayers and employers, income indices, and home values

•For revenue bonds, the source and strength of revenue for municipal authorities, including obligors' financial condition and reserve levels, annual debt service and debt coverage ratio, and credit enhancement (such as insurers' strength)

•Credit ratings by major credit rating agencies

Loans

Loans Outstanding by Class and Percent of Total


	December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
(in thousands; unaudited)	Amortized Cost		Percent of Total		Amortized Cost		Percent of Total
Commercial and industrial	$	152,263	7.3	%	$	153,750	7.4	%
Real estate
Commercial owner-occupied	321,962		15.5		333,181		16.1
Commercial non-owner occupied	1,273,596		61.1		1,219,385		58.8
Construction	36,970		1.8		99,164		4.8
Home equity	88,325		4.2		82,087		4.0
Other residential	143,207		6.9		118,508		5.7
Installment and other consumer	66,933		3.2		67,645		3.2
Total loans, at amortized cost	2,083,256		100.0	%	2,073,720		100.0	%
Allowance for credit losses on loans	(30,656)				(25,172)
Total loans, net of allowance for credit losses	$	2,052,600			$	2,048,548

Loans increased by $9.5 million in 2024, or 0.5%, to $2.083 billion as of December 31, 2024, from $2.074 billion as of December 31, 2023. Organic loan originations were $152.6 million in 2024, compared to $144.1 million in 2023. Loan purchases totaled $35.7 million in 2024, compared to none in the prior year. Non-PPP payoffs were $120.2 million in 2024, compared to $107.1 million in 2023. PPP loan payoffs during 2024 and 2023 were $443 thousand and $2.7 million, respectively. The majority of the payoffs were a result of cash payoffs and asset sales. In addition, $57.4 million of loan amortization from scheduled repayments, net of credit line utilization, contributed to the change in loan balances for 2024. The originations and payoffs noted above, combined with utilization on lines of credit and amortization on existing loans, resulted in a net increase for this period.

Approximately 89% and 90% of total loans were secured by real estate as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. For additional information on loan concentration risk, see ITEM 1A, Risk Factors.

The following table summarizes our commercial real estate loan concentrations by the county in which the property was located as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Commercial Real Estate Loans Outstanding by County


(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
County	Amount		Percent of Commercial Real Estate Loans		Amount		Percent of Commercial Real Estate Loans
Marin	$	303,255	19	%	$	317,862	20	%
Sonoma	245,510		15		256,516		16
San Francisco	211,254		13		186,803		12
Alameda	187,526		12		156,934		10
Napa	170,492		11		178,685		12
Sacramento	131,857		8		125,483		8
Contra Costa	75,522		5		72,580		5
Solano	52,294		3		39,247		2
Placer	41,951		2		40,733		3
San Mateo	41,275		2		35,420		2
Santa Clara	23,610		2		24,086		2
San Joaquin	14,933		1		15,261		1
El Dorado	8,460		1		11,257		1
Other	87,619		6		91,699		6
Total	$	1,595,558	100	%	$	1,552,566	100	%

Commercial real estate loans increased by $43.0 million in 2024, compared to a $5.8 million increase in 2023. The increase in 2024 was comprised of the $54.2 million increase within the non-owner occupied loan portfolio, partially offset by the $11.2 million decrease within the owner-occupied loan portfolio. Of the commercial real estate loans as of December 31, 2024, 80% were non-owner occupied and 20% were owner-occupied. Almost the entire commercial real estate loan portfolio is comprised of term loans for which the primary source of repayment is either the cash flow from leasing activities of the real estate collateral or the operating cash flow of the owner occupant.

Non-owner and Owner Occupied Real Estate Loans by Type


(unaudited)	Percent of Non-owner Occupied Commercial Real Estate Loans				Percent of Owner-Occupied Commercial Real Estate Loans
County	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023		December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Office	27	%	31	%	19	%	19	%
Retail	20		21		7		7
Multi-family	16		12		—		—
Warehouse & industrial	11		12		23		23
Mixed use	9		7		2		3
School	—		—		15		15
Wine	—		—		10		11
Church	—		—		6		6
Gas/auto	—		—		8		4
Health club	—		—		4		2
Other	17		17		6		10
Total	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%

Commercial Real Estate Loans by Type and County


	Non-owner occupied																Owner-occupied
(unaudited)	Retail				Warehouse & industrial				Multi-family				Office				Office
County	Dec 31, 2024		Dec 31, 2023		Dec 31 2024		Dec 31 2023		Dec 31, 2024		Dec 31, 2023		Dec 31, 2024		Dec 31, 2023		Dec 31, 2024		Dec 31, 2023
Sacramento	20	%	20	%	18	%	18	%	9	%	4	%	6	%	7	%	19	%	19	%
Marin	16		17		12		11		10		15		25		24		22		26
Napa	16		16		4		3		5		6		9		10		21		27
Sonoma	15		15		28		27		11		15		17		17		8		9
Alameda	6		6		16		18		20		14		6		6		6		8
San Francisco	3		3		12		11		30		26		18		19		18		2
Other bay area	16		14		4		4		5		5		15		13		—		4
Other	8		9		6		8		10		15		4		4		6		5
Total	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%

With the heightened market concern about non-owner-occupied commercial real estate, and in particular the office sector, we are providing the following additional information: We continue to maintain diversity among property types and within our geographic footprint. In particular, our office commercial real estate portfolio in the City of San Francisco represents just 3% of our total loan portfolio and 5% of our total non-owner-occupied commercial real estate portfolio.

The following table shows an analysis of construction loans by type and county as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Construction Loans Outstanding by Type and County


(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
Loan Type	Amount		Percent of Construction Loans		Amount		Percent of Construction Loans
Apartments and multifamily	$	19,057	51.5	%	$	45,390	45.8	%
Commercial real estate	2,261		6.1		26,042		26.3
1-4 Single family residential	15,652		42.4		26,666		26.9
Land - unimproved	—		—		1,066		1.0

Total	$	36,970	100.0	%	$	99,164	100.0	%


(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
County	Amount		Percent of Construction Loans		Amount		Percent of Construction Loans
San Francisco	$	24,706	66.8	%	$	43,341	43.7	%
Contra Costa	4,682		12.7		1,184		1.2
Marin	2,995		8.1		4,542		4.6
Napa	2,326		6.3		—		—
Placer	2,261		6.1		—		—
Alameda	—		—		32,808		33.1
Solano	—		—		11,372		11.5
San Mateo	—		—		4,851		4.9
Other			—		1,066		1.0
Total	$	36,970	100.0	%	$	99,164	100.0	%

Construction loans decreased by $62.2 million in 2024, compared to a decrease of $15.2 million in 2023. The decrease in 2024 was primarily due to $44.5 million in conversions to commercial real estate financing following completion of construction and $15.4 million in payoffs. These decreases were partially offset by $11.5 million in new loans and $4.9 million in advances on existing construction loans. The decrease in 2023 was primarily due to $22.2 million in payoffs and $16.9 million in conversions to commercial real estate financing. These decreases were partially offset by $24.5 million in advances on existing construction loans. Undisbursed construction loan commitments at December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $8.3 million and $13.9 million, respectively.

The following table presents the amortized costs and maturity distribution of our loans by portfolio class as of December 31, 2024 based on their contractual maturity dates. Maturities do not include scheduled payments or potential prepayments.

Loan Maturity Distribution


	Due within 1 year		Due after 1 through 5 years		Due after 5 through 15 years		Due after 15 years		Total
(in thousands; unaudited)
Commercial and industrial	$	65,993	$	65,470	$	19,138	$	1,662	$	152,263
Real estate
Commercial owner-occupied	20,838		99,983		194,192		6,949		321,962
Commercial non-owner occupied	123,131		480,700		652,490		17,275		1,273,596
Construction 1	31,032		5,938		—		—		36,970
Home equity	4,251		22,247		61,106		721		88,325
Other residential	—		199		1,455		141,553		143,207
Installment and other consumer loans	2,615		8,637		55,586		95		66,933
Total	$	247,860	$	683,174	$	983,967	$	168,255	$	2,083,256

1 Construction loans that mature after 5 years are structured to convert to permanent financing after the initial construction period.

The following table shows the mix of variable-rate loans and fixed-rate loans due after one year by portfolio class as of December 31, 2024. The large majority of variable-rate loans are tied to independent indices, such as the Prime Rate or a Treasury Constant Maturity Rate. Most loans with original terms of more than five years have provisions for the fixed rates to reset, or convert to variable rates, after three, five or seven years. These loans are included in the variable-rate balances below.

Loan Interest Rate Sensitivity - Due After One Year


(in thousands; unaudited)	Fixed		Variable		Total
Commercial and industrial	$	62,598	$	23,672	$	86,270
Real estate
Commercial owner-occupied	170,803		130,321		301,124
Commercial non-owner occupied	718,343		432,122		1,150,465
Construction	5,365		573		5,938
Home equity	540		83,534		84,074
Other residential	31,689		111,518		143,207
Installment and other consumer loans	46,416		17,902		64,318
Total	$	1,035,754	$	799,642	$	1,835,396

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The allowance for credit losses on loans is calculated in accordance with ASC 326 based on management's best estimate of current expected credit losses over the loans' contractual terms, adjusted for estimated prepayments where applicable. The contractual terms exclude anticipated extensions, renewals and modifications. Relevant available information includes historical credit loss experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. While historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses, adjustments to historical loss information may be made for differences in current portfolio-specific risk characteristics, environmental conditions or other relevant factors. All specifically identifiable and quantifiable losses are charged off against the allowance. The ultimate adequacy of the allowance depends on a variety of complex factors, some of which may be beyond management's control, such as volatility in the real estate market, changes in interest rates and economic and political environments. Based on the current conditions of the loan portfolio and reasonable and supportable forecasts, management believes that the $30.7 million allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2024 was adequate to absorb expected credit losses in our loan portfolio. For additional information on our allowance for credit losses methodology, refer to Notes 1 and 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

The ratio of the allowance for credit losses to total loans was 1.47% at December 31, 2024 and 1.21% at December 31, 2023.

The $5.5 million increase in the allowance for credit losses on loans in 2024 was largely due to the specific allowance increase of $6.7 million. This was mainly due to the increased reserve of $5.2 million for one non-owner occupied commercial real estate loan totaling $16.7 million that, although current, had experienced a deterioration in the collateral value and, therefore, a material increase in the loan-to-value. For further information, refer to the Provision for Credit Losses section above, and Notes 1 and 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

The following table presents the allowance for credit losses on loans by loan portfolio class in accordance with the methodology described in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report, as well as the percentage of total loans in each of the same loan portfolio classes as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.


Allocation of the Allowance for Credit Losses
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	Commercial and industrial			Commercial real estate, owner-occupied			Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied			Construction			Home equity			Other residential			Installment and other consumer			Unallocated		Total
December 31, 2024
Modeled expected credit losses	$	759		$	1,241		$	7,632		$	41		$	620		$	1,133		$	625		$	—	$	12,051
Qualitative adjustments	672			1,120			6,528			597			64			8			268			1,255		10,512
Specific allocations	145			—			7,933			—			—			—			15			—		8,093
Total	$	1,576		$	2,361		$	22,093		$	638		$	684		$	1,141		$	908		$	1,255	$	30,656
Loans as a percent of total loans	7.3		%	15.5		%	61.1		%	1.8		%	4.2		%	6.9		%	3.2		%	N/A		100.0		%
December 31, 2023
Modeled expected credit losses	$	897		$	1,270		$	7,380		$	185		$	482		$	619		$	634		$	—	$	11,467
Qualitative adjustments	622			1,205			6,327			1,647			70			33			342			2,038		12,284
Specific allocations	193			1			1,226			—			—			1			—			—		1,421
Total	$	1,712		$	2,476		$	14,933		$	1,832		$	552		$	653		$	976		$	2,038	$	25,172
Loans as a percent of total loans	7.4		%	16.1		%	58.8		%	4.8		%	4.0		%	5.7		%	3.2		%	N/A		100.0		%

The table below shows the activity in the allowance for credit losses for each of the three years presented below.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans Rollforward


(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	2024			2023			2022
Beginning balance	$	25,172		$	22,983		$	23,023

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses	5,550			2,575			(63)

Loans charged-off:
Commercial and industrial	(41)			(11)			(9)
Real estate:
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied	—			(406)			—




Installment and other consumer	(58)			(24)			(23)
Total loans charged-off	(99)			(441)			(32)
Loans recovered:
Commercial and industrial	21			29			22
Real estate:

Commercial, non-owner occupied	8			—			—
Construction	—			25			33


Installment and other consumer	4			1			—
Total loans recovered	33			55			55
Net loans (charged-off) recovered	(66)			(386)			23
Ending balance	$	30,656		$	25,172		$	22,983
Total loans, at amortized cost	$	2,083,256		$	2,073,720		$	2,092,546
Average total loans outstanding during year	$	2,074,971		$	2,099,719		$	2,175,259
Ratio of allowance for credit losses to total loans at end of year	1.47		%	1.21		%	1.10		%
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans	NM			0.02		%	NM

NM - Not meaningful.

The following table shows non-performing assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Non-Performing Assets


(dollars in thousands; unaudited)	December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Non-accrual loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	2,845		$	4,008
Real estate:
Commercial, owner-occupied	1,537			434
Commercial, non-owner occupied	28,525			3,081

Home equity	752			469

Installment and other consumer	222			—
Total non-accrual loans	$	33,881		$	7,992
Other real estate owned	$	—		$	—
Repossessed personal properties	1			—
Total non-performing assets	$	33,882		$	7,992
















Criticized and classified loans:
Special mention	$	108,916		$	135,171
Substandard	$	45,104		$	32,324
Doubtful	$	—		$	—
Allowance for credit losses to non-accrual loans	0.90x			3.15x
Non-accrual loans to total loans	1.63		%	0.39		%
Non-performing assets to total assets	0.92		%	0.21		%

Non-Accrual Loans

Non-accrual loans increased by $25.9 million in 2024, primarily due to three relationships designated as non-accrual in the second and third quarters. One non-owner occupied commercial real estate loan was due to material declines in collateral value, as mentioned in earlier sections. Another was a commercial relationship which had a material paydown in the fourth quarter of 2024. The third relationship was another non-owner occupied commercial real estate loan whose renewal negotiations remain ongoing. This property became 100% occupied with a conforming debt service coverage in the fourth quarter. Approximately 91% of the non-accrual loans as of December 31, 2024 were well-secured by either commercial or residential real estate.

Non-accrual loans in 2023 were comprised of mostly of commercial and industrial and non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans. Over 66% of the non-accrual loans as of December 31, 2023 were well-secured by either commercial or residential real estate.

Criticized and Classified Loans

Loans designated as special mention, which are not considered adversely classified, decreased by $26.3 million in 2024, primarily due to net downgrades of $2.6 million from the pass or watch category and downgrades of $25.0 million to substandard. Of the downgrades to special mention, $15.3 million was attributed to one recently completed construction loan that will be marketed for sale or paid down to a conforming debt service level. The remaining balance changes consisted of paydowns, payoffs and upgrades from substandard risk rating.

Loans designated as special mention, which are not considered adversely classified, increased by $75.0 million in 2023, primarily due to downgrades from the watch category to special mention. The majority of the downgrades from watch to special mention were not necessarily due to worsening conditions or deterioration in the borrowers' financial condition but to a lack of meaningful improvement over the most recent quarters. Of the $92.5 million in downgrades to special mention in 2023, $83.2 million (or 90%) were collateralized by real estate. These increases were partially offset by $7.7 million in paydowns and payoffs, $6.0 million in downgrades from special mention to substandard, and $3.8 million in upgrades to a pass risk rating.

Loans classified as substandard increased by $12.8 million in 2024, primarily due to downgrades from special mention totaling $25.0 million and from pass totaling $2.7 million, partially offset by $11.9 million in paydowns and payoffs and $2.8 million in upgrades to pass or special mention. Of the downgraded loans, $17.1 million (or 82%)

was secured by commercial real estate, $3.5 million was to commercial borrowers, and the remaining $222 thousand were personal loans.

Loans classified as substandard increased by $4.2 million in 2023, primarily due to downgrades from special mention totaling $6.0 million and from pass totaling $3.7 million, partially offset by $4.5 million in paydowns and payoffs and $939 thousand in upgrades to pass. Of the downgraded loans, $7.0 million (or 72%) was secured by commercial real estate, and the remaining $2.7 million was to commercial borrowers.

Refer to Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report for an allocation of criticized and classified loans by loan portfolio class.

Other Assets

BOLI totaled $71.0 million as of December 31, 2024, compared to $68.1 million at December 31, 2023. The $2.9 million increase was primarily due to the purchase of $1.2 million in new BOLI policies and earnings from the BOLI policies.

Interest receivable and other assets totaled $72.3 million and $74.9 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $2.7 million decrease was primarily due to a $3.7 million decrease in net deferred tax assets, as discussed below.

Net deferred tax assets totaled $30.6 million and $34.3 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Deferred tax assets consist primarily of tax benefits expected to be realized in future periods related to temporary differences such as allowances for credit losses and unfunded loan commitments, net operating loss carryforwards, and deferred compensation and salary continuation obligations. The $3.7 million decrease in 2024 was primarily due to an $8.4 million decrease in deferred tax assets related to changes in unrealized losses on available-for-sale investment securities. The decreases in net deferred tax assets was partially offset by a $3.2 million increase in deferred tax assets related to net operating loss carryforwards and $1.6 million increase in the allowance for credit losses on loans and unfunded loan commitments. Management believes deferred tax assets will be realizable due to our expectation that earnings will continue to be at a level adequate to realize such tax benefits. Therefore, no valuation allowance was established as of December 31, 2024 or 2023. For additional information, refer to Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

We held $16.7 million of FHLB stock recorded at cost in other assets at both December 31, 2024 and 2023. We received $1.5 million, $1.3 million and $1.0 million in cash dividends in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. For additional information, refer to Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

Deposits

Deposits decreased by $70.1 million, to $3.220 billion at December 31, 2024, compared to $3.290 billion at December 31, 2023. Non-interest bearing deposits declined to 43.5% of total deposits at December 31, 2024, compared to 43.8% at December 31, 2023. Deposit outflows included transfers to investment accounts in our wealth management services team and other outflows that did not meet our disciplined pricing strategy given our strong liquidity position. We continued our disciplined and focused approach to relationship management and customer outreach, adding approximately 4,700 new accounts in 2024.

As of December 31, 2024, 59% of deposit balances were held in business accounts, with average balances of $127 thousand per account. The remaining 41% were consumer accounts, with average balances of $40 thousand per account. The largest depositor represented 1.3% of total deposits, and the combined four largest depositors represented 4.8% of total deposits.

Balances in the reciprocal deposit network program decreased by $19.3 million during 2024 to $404.7 million as of December 31, 2024. Costs associated with network deposits are recorded as non-interest expense and totaled $3.5 million, $2.8 million, and $258 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Estimated uninsured and/or uncollateralized deposits totaled 29% of total deposits as of December 31, 2024, compared to 28% as of December 31, 2023.

Our liquidity policies require that compensating cash balances be held against concentrations over a certain level. See ITEM 1A, Risk Factors, for a discussion of potential risks associated with concentrations and volatility due to the activity of our large deposit customers.

Distribution of Average Deposits

The table below shows the relative composition of our average deposits for 2024 and 2023. For average rates paid on deposits, refer to the Average Statements of Condition and Analysis of Net Interest Income table in ITEM 7- Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.


	For the year ended December 31,
	2024				2023
(in thousands; unaudited)	Average Amount		Percent of Total		Average Amount		Percent of Total
Non-interest bearing	$	1,448,346	44.1	%	$	1,656,047	49.0	%
Interest-bearing transaction	193,456		5.9		240,524		7.1
Savings	227,061		6.9		281,611		8.3
Money market 1	1,155,016		35.1		1,013,620		30.0
Time deposits, including CDARS	262,482		8.0		191,056		5.6
Total average deposits	$	3,286,361	100.0	%	$	3,382,858	100.0	%

1 Money market balances include Insured Cash Sweep® ("ICS") in both 2024 and 2023. Demand Deposit Marketplace SM ("DDM") and ICS balances are discussed in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

Maturities of Uninsured Time Deposits

The following table shows time deposits by account that are in excess of $250,000 by time remaining to maturity at December 31, 2024.


	December 31, 2024
(in thousands; unaudited)	Total		Uninsured Portion
Three months or less	$	48,329	$	26,829
Over three months through six months	39,264		21,264
Over six months through twelve months	17,769		8,519
Over twelve months	2,949		1,699
Total	$	108,311	$	58,311

Network Deposits

Our deposit portfolio includes deposits offered through the Promontory Interfinancial Network that are comprised of Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service® ("CDARS") balances included in time deposits and Insured Cash Sweep® ("ICS") balances included in money market deposits. In addition, we offer deposits through Reich & Tang Deposit Networks, LLC, comprised of Demand Deposit MarketplaceSM ("DDM") balances. Through these two networks we are able to offer our customers access to FDIC-insured deposit products in aggregate amounts exceeding current insurance limits. When we place funds through CDARS, ICS and DDM, on behalf of a customer, we have the option of receiving matching deposits through the network's reciprocal deposit program, or placing deposits "one-way" for which we receive no matching deposits. We consider reciprocal deposits to be in-market deposits, as distinguished from traditional out-of-market brokered deposits. The following table shows the composition of our network deposits at December 31, 2024 and 2023.


(in thousands)	December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Reciprocal 1		One-Way 1		Reciprocal 1		One-Way 1
CDARS	$	38,885	$	—	$	46,162	$	2,164
ICS	240,661		—		245,577		—
DDM	125,153		—		132,276		—
Total network deposits	$	404,699	$	—	$	424,015	$	2,164
1 Reciprocal deposits are on-balance-sheet while one-way deposits are off-balance-sheet.

Borrowings

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, our borrowing capacity with the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") under secured lines of credit totaled $948.1 million and $1.009 billion, respectively.

The Bank had a line of credit through the Discount Window at the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco ("FRBSF") totaling $358.0 million as of December 31, 2024, secured by investment securities and residential loans. As of December 31, 2023, the Bank had a line of credit through the Discount Window totaling $64.0 million, secured by residential loans, and a $270.2 million line under the Federal Reserve's temporary Bank Term Funding Program ("BTFP") based on the par values of pledged investment securities.

In addition, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 we had $125.0 million and $135.0 million, respectively, in unsecured lines of credit with correspondent banks to cover short-term borrowing needs.

As of December 31, 2024, the Bank had no outstanding borrowings, compared to $26.0 million outstanding in short-term borrowings under the BTFP facility at an average rate of 4.83% as of December 31, 2023. Other bank lines of credit were not utilized as of December 31, 2024 or 2023.

For additional information, see Note 7, Borrowings and Other Obligations, in ITEM 8 of this report.

Deferred Compensation Obligations

We maintain a non-qualified, unfunded deferred compensation plan for certain key management personnel. Under this plan, participating employees may defer compensation, which will entitle them to receive certain payments for up to, but not exceeding, fifteen years commencing upon retirement, death, disability or termination of employment. A similar Deferred Director Fee Plan entitles participating members of the Board of Directors to receive payments as elected by the participant upon separation from service, death, disability or termination of service. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, our aggregate payment obligations under both plans totaled $6.0 million and $6.6 million, respectively, and was recorded in interest payable and other liabilities in the consolidated statements of condition. Decreases in the deferred compensation plans in 2024 mainly resulted from increases in benefit payments to terminated employees.

We have entered into supplemental executive retirement plans ("SERPs") with a select group of executive officers, providing for certain retirement benefits at age 65 and reduced benefits upon early retirement. The annual amount of benefits in either pre-retirement scenario is based on a vesting schedule unique to each executive. The SERP also provides for lump sum benefits in the event of a change in control followed by the termination of the executive. Payments under the SERPs are expected to be funded by income from bank-owned life insurance policies. On December 31, 2024 and 2023, our liabilities under the SERPs totaled $4.6 million and $4.5 million, respectively, and were recorded in interest payable and other liabilities in the consolidated statements of condition. The SERPs are unfunded and non-qualified for tax purposes and subject to Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.

For additional information, see Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

Capital Adequacy

As discussed in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report, the Bank's capital ratios were above regulatory guidelines to be considered "well capitalized" and Bancorp's ratios exceeded the required minimum ratios for capital adequacy purposes. For further discussion of bank capital requirements, refer to the SUPERVISION AND REGULATION section in ITEM 1 of this report.

The total risk-based capital ratio for Bancorp was 16.54% at December 31, 2024, compared to 16.89% at December 31, 2023. The reduction is primarily related to losses realized on securities sales in 2024.

Bancorp's tangible common equity to tangible assets ("TCE ratio") increased to 9.93% at December 31, 2024, from 9.73% at December 31, 2023, primarily due to due to the reduction in total assets. Bancorp's TCE ratio, net of after-tax unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities as if the losses were realized, was 7.85% as of December 31, 2024, compared to 7.80% at December 31, 2023 (refer to the discussion and reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure in the section below entitled Statement Regarding Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures). The Bank's total risk-based capital ratio decreased to 16.13% at December 31, 2024, from 16.62% at December 31, 2023.

Bancorp's share repurchase program and activity are discussed in detail in ITEM 5 and in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report. We expect to maintain strong capital levels and do not expect that we will be required to raise additional capital in 2025. Our anticipated sources of capital in 2025 include future earnings and shares issued under the stock-based compensation program.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The goal of liquidity management is to provide adequate funds to meet loan demand and to fund operating activities and deposit withdrawals. We accomplish this goal by maintaining an appropriate level of liquid assets and formal lines of credit with the FHLB, FRBSF and correspondent banks that enable us to borrow funds as seen in the table below and discussed in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report. Our Asset Liability Management Committee ("ALCO"), which is comprised of Bank directors and the Bank's Chief Executive Officer, is responsible for approving and monitoring our liquidity targets and strategies. The Bank has long-established minimum liquidity requirements that are regularly monitored using metrics and tools similar to those used by larger banks, such as the liquidity coverage ratio, and multi-scenario, long-horizon stress tests. Our contingency funding plan provides for early detection of potential liquidity issues in the market or the Bank and institutes prompt responses that may prevent or alleviate a liquidity crisis. Management monitors liquidity daily and regularly adjusts our position based on current and future liquidity needs. We also have relationships with third-party deposit networks and can adjust the placement of our deposits via reciprocal or one-way sales as part of our cash management strategy, as discussed in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

Net available funding sources, including unrestricted cash, unencumbered available-for-sale securities, and total available borrowing capacity, totaled $1.849 billion, or 57% of total deposits, and 197% of estimated uninsured and/or uncollateralized deposits as of December 31, 2024.

The following table details the components of our contingent liquidity sources as of December 31, 2024.


(in thousands)	Total Available		Amount Used		Net Availability
Internal Sources
Unrestricted cash 1	$	111,128	N/A		$	111.128
Unencumbered securities at market value	306,773		N/A		306.773
External Sources
FHLB line of credit	948,127		$	—	948.127
FRB line of credit	357,970		—		357.97
Lines of credit at correspondent banks	125,000		—		125
Total Liquidity	$	1,848.998	$	—	$	1,848.998

1 Excludes cash items in transit as of December 31, 2024.

Note: Brokered deposits available through third-party networks are not included above.

We obtain funds from the repayment and maturity of loans, deposit inflows, investment securities sales, maturities and paydowns, federal funds purchases, FRBSF and FHLB advances, other borrowings, and cash flow from operations. Although available as a liquidity source, we have not chosen to utilize brokered deposits. Our primary uses of funds are the origination of loans, the purchase of investment securities and loans, withdrawals of deposits, maturities of certificates of deposit, repayment of borrowings, dividends to common stockholders, share repurchases and operating expenses.

Customer deposits are a significant component of our daily liquidity position. The attraction and retention of deposits depend upon the variety and effectiveness of our customer account products, service and convenience, rates paid to customers, and our financial strength. The cash cycles and unique business activities of some of our large commercial depositors may cause short-term fluctuations in their deposit balances held with us.

Our cash and cash equivalents increased by $106.9 million to $137.3 million at December 31, 2024, from $30.5 million at December 31, 2023. The most significant sources of liquidity during 2024 were proceeds from sales, principal paydowns, calls and maturities of investment securities totaling $370.4 million, and $28.4 million in net cash was provided by operating activities.

Significant uses of liquidity during 2024 were $163.8 million in investment securities purchased, $70.1 million in withdrawals of deposits, $26.0 million in repayments of short-term borrowings, and $9.7 million in purchased loan pool, loan originations, and unfunded loan commitment advances, net of principal collected. Additionally other uses included $16.2 million in cash dividends paid on common stock to our shareholders, and $4.2 million in common stock repurchases. Refer to the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows in this Form 10-K for additional information on our sources and uses of liquidity. Management anticipates that our current strong liquidity position, as detailed in this report, and contingent funding sources are adequate to support our operational needs.

Unfunded credit commitments, as discussed in Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report, totaled $460.7 million at December 31, 2024. We expect to fund these commitments to the extent utilized primarily through the repayment of existing loans, principal paydowns of investment securities, and liquid assets.

Over the next twelve months, $230.2 million of time deposits will mature. We expect that a high percentage of these funds will remain with the Bank either through renewals or shifts to other deposit products. Any outflows can be absorbed by the Bank's excess liquidity. We believe our emphasis on local deposits, combined with our immediately available funding sources, provides a very stable base for our liquidity needs.

We had no outstanding borrowings under our credit facilities as of December 31, 2024, and $26.0 million as of December 31, 2023, as discussed in Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

Because Bancorp is a holding company and does not conduct regular banking operations, its primary sources of liquidity are dividends from the Bank. Under the California Financial Code, payment of a dividend from the Bank to Bancorp without advance regulatory approval is restricted to the lesser of the Bank’s retained earnings or the amount of the Bank’s net profits from the previous three fiscal years less the amount of dividends paid during that period. The Bank received approval from the State of California - Department of Financial Protection and Innovation on May 30, 2024, for a dividend of $19.0 million which was paid to Bancorp on June 24, 2024. The primary uses of funds for Bancorp are shareholder dividends, share repurchases and ordinary operating expenses. Bancorp held $10.3 million in cash as of December 31, 2024, which is expected to cover cash needs into the second quarter of 2025.

Statement Regarding Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Financial results are presented in accordance with GAAP and with reference to certain non-GAAP financial measures. Management believes that, given industry turmoil that largely began in the first quarter of 2023, the presentation of Bancorp's non-GAAP TCE ratio reflecting the after tax impact of unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities provides useful supplemental information to investors because it reflects the level of capital remaining after a hypothetical liquidation of the entire securities portfolio. In addition, management believes that providing selected financial measures excluding the loss on sale of securities discussed above is useful to investors as the strategic short-term loss taken for long-term profitability makes the operational performance difficult to compare to the prior period. The year 2022 did not have a material loss on sale of securities and was therefore excluded below. Because there are limits to the usefulness of this or any other non-GAAP measure to investors, Bancorp encourages readers to consider its annual and quarterly consolidated financial statements and notes related thereto in their entirety, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and not to rely on any single financial measure. A reconciliation of the GAAP financial measures to comparable non-GAAP financial measures is presented below.

Reconciliation of GAAP and Non-GAAP Financial Measures


(in thousands, unaudited)		December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Tangible Common Equity - Bancorp
Total stockholders' equity		$	435,407		439,062
Goodwill and core deposit intangible		(75,546)			(76,520)
Total TCE	a	359,861			362,542
Unrealized losses on HTM securities, net of tax1		(89,171)			(86,500)
Unrealized losses on HTM securities included in AOCI, net of tax2		7,701			8,761
TCE, net of unrealized losses on HTM securities (non-GAAP)	b	$	278,391		284,803
Total assets		$	3,701,335		3,803,903
Goodwill and core deposit intangible		(75,546)			(76,520)
Total tangible assets	c	3,625,789			3,727,383
Unrealized losses on HTM securities, net of tax1		(89,171)			(86,500)
Unrealized losses on HTM securities included in AOCI, net of tax2		7,701			8,761
Total tangible assets, net of unrealized losses on HTM securities (non-GAAP)	d	$	3,544,319		$	3,649,644
Bancorp TCE ratio	a / c	9.93		%	9.73		%
Bancorp TCE ratio, net of unrealized losses on HTM securities (non-GAAP)	b / d	7.85		%	7.80		%
Tangible Book Value Per Share
Common shares outstanding	e	16,089			16,158
Book value per share		$	27.06		$	27.17
Tangible book value per share	a / e	$	22.37		$	22.44
1 Unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of $126.6 million and $122.8 million, respectively, including the unrealized losses that resulted from the transfer of securities from AFS to HTM, net of an estimated $37.4million and $36.3 million, respectively, in deferred tax benefits based on a blended state and federal statutory tax rate of 29.56%. 2 The remaining unrealized losses that resulted from the transfer of securities from AFS to HTM, net of an estimated $3.2 million and $3.7 million, respectively, in deferred tax benefits based on a blended state and federal statutory tax rate of 29.56% are added back as they are already included in AOCI.


(in thousands, except per share amounts; unaudited)	Years ended
Net (loss) income		December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Net (loss) income (GAAP)		$	(8,409)		$	19,895
Adjustments:
Losses on sale of investment securities from portfolio repositioning		32,542			5,893
Related income tax benefit		(9,619)			(1,742)
Adjustments, net of taxes		22,923			4,151
Comparable net income (non-GAAP)		$	14,514		$	24,046
Diluted (loss) earnings per share
Weighted average diluted shares		16,042			16,026
Diluted (loss) earnings per share (GAAP)		$	(0.52)		$	1.24
Comparable diluted earnings per share (non-GAAP)		$	0.90		$	1.50
Return on average assets
Average assets		$	3,773,882		$	4,077,707
Return on average assets (GAAP)		(0.22)		%	0.49		%
Comparable return on average assets (non-GAAP)		0.38		%	0.59		%
Return on average equity
Average stockholders' equity		$	435,070		$	423,784
Return on average equity (GAAP)		(1.93)		%	4.69		%
Comparable return on average equity (non-GAAP)		3.34		%	5.67		%
Efficiency ratio
Non-interest expense		$	81,818		$	79,481
Net interest income		$	94,660		$	102,761
Non-interest income (GAAP)		$	(21,360)		$	4,989
Losses on sale of investment securities from portfolio repositioning		32,542			5,893
Non-interest income (non-GAAP)		$	11,182		$	10,882
Efficiency ratio (GAAP)		111.62		%	73.76		%
Comparable efficiency ratio (non-GAAP)		77.30		%	69.94		%

ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Market risk is defined as the risk of loss arising from an adverse change in the market value (or prices) of financial instruments. A significant component of market risk is interest rate risk, which is inherent in our lending, investment, borrowing, and deposit gathering activities. The Bank manages interest rate sensitivity to minimize the exposure of our net interest margin, earnings, and capital to changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes can create fluctuations in the net interest margin due to an imbalance in the timing of repricing, or maturity of assets or liabilities. Interest rate changes can also affect the market value of our financial instruments, such as available-for-sale securities and the related unrealized gains or losses, which affect our equity value.

To mitigate interest rate risk, the structure of our assets and liabilities is managed with the objective of correlating the effects of interest rate changes on loans and investments with those of deposits and borrowings. The Asset/Liability Management Policy sets limits on the acceptable amount of change to net interest income and the economic value of equity in different interest rate environments.

From time to time, we enter into interest rate swap contracts to mitigate the changes in the fair value of selected investment securities and specified long-term fixed-rate loans and firm commitments to enter into long-term fixed-rate loans caused by changes in interest rates. Refer to Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in ITEM 8 of this report.

ALCO and the Board of Directors review our exposure to interest rate risk at least quarterly. We use simulation models to measure interest rate risk and to evaluate strategies to improve profitability in the context of policy guidelines. A simplified statement of condition is prepared on a quarterly basis as a starting point, using instrument level data of our actual loans, investments, borrowings and deposits as inputs. If potential changes to net equity value and net interest income resulting from hypothetical interest rate changes are not within the limits established by the Board of Directors, management may adjust the asset and liability mix to bring the risk position within approved limits or take other actions. Governing policies are subject to review by regulators and are updated to incorporate their observations and adapt to changes in idiosyncratic and systemic risks. As of December 31, 2024, interest rate risk was within the policy guidelines established by ALCO and the Board. One set of interest rates modeled and evaluated against flat interest rates and a static balance sheet is a series of immediate parallel shifts in the yield curve. Our most recent analysis of our interest rate sensitivity is provided in the following table as an example rather than an expectation of likely interest rate movements.


Immediate Changes in Interest Rates (in basis points)	Estimated Change in Net Interest Income in Year 1, as Percent of Net Interest Income		Estimated Change in Net Interest Income in Year 2, as Percent of Net Interest Income
up 400	(7.3)	%	6.3	%
up 300	(5.3)	%	4.8	%
up 200	(3.3)	%	3.4	%
up 100	(1.7)	%	1.5	%
down 100	1.0	%	0.9	%
down 200	2.3	%	2.6	%
down 300	2.2	%	0.9	%
down 400	1.8	%	2.6	%

Interest rate sensitivity is a function of the repricing characteristics of our assets and liabilities. The Bank runs a combination of scenarios and sensitivities in its attempt to capture the range of interest rate risk including the simulations mentioned above. As with any simulation model or other method of measuring interest rate risk, limitations are inherent in the process and results are dependent on assumptions. For example, lower deposit growth than modeled may cause the Bank to increase its borrowing position, thereby increasing its liability sensitivity. Additionally, assets and liabilities may react differently to changes in market interest rates in terms of both timing and responsiveness to market rate movements. Important deposit modeling assumptions include the speed of deposit run-off and the amount by which interest-bearing deposit rates increase or decrease when market interest rates change, otherwise known as the deposit beta.

The above tables reflect deposit betas of up to 70%, averaging 43%, to rates paid on non-maturity interest-bearing deposits in rising rate scenarios. Deposit betas of up to 60%, averaging 35%, are applied to rates paid on non-

maturity interest-bearing deposits in falling rate scenarios with a two month lag assumed. However, deposit pricing is actively managed at the relationship level and closely monitored real-time to avoid unintended consequences. The actual rates and timing of prepayments on loans and investment securities could vary significantly from the assumptions applied in the various scenarios. Lastly, uneven changes in different tenors of U.S. Treasury rates that result in changes to the shape of the yield curve could produce different results from those presented in the table. Accordingly, the results presented should not be relied upon as indicative of actual results in the event of changing market interest rates.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors

Bank of Marin Bancorp

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of condition of Bank of Marin Bancorp and Subsidiary (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail,

accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made

only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

As described in Note 1 and Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the allowance for credit losses on loans at December 31, 2024, was $30.7 million on a total loan portfolio of $2.1 billion. The allowance for credit losses provides an estimate of lifetime expected losses in the loan portfolio. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant available information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the financial assets.

We identified the forecasted economic conditions and qualitative internal and external risk factors used in the allowance for credit losses on loans as a critical audit matter. The principal considerations for our determination of these components of the allowance for credit losses on loans as a critical audit matter are subjectivity of the estimation and application of forecasted economic conditions and qualitative internal and external risk factors used in the calculation. The economic forecast component of the allowance for credit losses on loans is used to compare the conditions that existed during the historical period to current conditions and future expectations. The qualitative internal and external risk factors are used to adjust for differences in segment-specific risk characteristics or conditions that differ from those that existed during the historical period for which the probability of default and loss given default factors were developed. Auditing management’s judgements regarding the forecasted economic conditions and qualitative internal and external risk factors applied to the allowance for credit losses on loans involved a high degree of subjectivity.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. Our audit procedures related to the allowance for credit losses on loans included the following, among others:

• Testing the design, implementation, and operating effectiveness of controls related to management’s calculation of the allowance for credit losses on loans, including controls over the forecasted economic conditions and qualitative internal and external risk factors utilized.

• Testing the appropriateness of the methodology used in the calculation of the allowance for credit losses on loans, as well as testing completeness and accuracy of the data used in the calculation, application of the forecasted economic conditions and qualitative internal and external risk factors determined by management and used in the calculation, and verifying calculations in the allowance for credit losses on loans.

• Obtaining management’s analysis and supporting documentation related to the forecasted economic conditions and testing whether the forecasts used in the calculation of the allowance for credit losses on loans are reasonable and supportable based on the analysis provided by management.

• Obtaining management’s analysis of qualitative internal and external risk factors and evaluating the reasonableness of the assumptions used in determining the qualitative factor adjustments.

/s/ Moss Adams LLP

Portland, Oregon

March 14, 2025

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2004.

March 14, 2025

Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management of Bank of Marin Bancorp and subsidiary, (the "Company") is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). The Company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Company's assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and board of directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention, or timely detection and correction of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, utilizing the framework established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this assessment, management has concluded that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024.

The Company's independent registered public accounting firm, Moss Adams LLP, has issued an integrated audit opinion on our internal control over financial reporting, which appears on the previous page.

/s/ Timothy D. Myers

Timothy D. Myers, President and Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Dave Bonaccorso

Dave Bonaccorso, EVP and Chief Financial Officer


BANK OF MARIN BANCORP CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023


(in thousands, except share data)	2024		2023
Assets
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	137,304	$	30,453


Investment securities:
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (net of zero allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2024 and 2023)	879,199		925,198
Available-for-sale, at fair value (net of zero allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2024 and 2023)	387,534		552,028
Total investment securities	1,266,733		1,477,226
Loans, at amortized cost	2,083,256		2,073,720
Allowance for credit losses on loans	(30,656)		(25,172)
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses on loans	2,052,600		2,048,548
Goodwill	72,754		72,754
Bank-owned life insurance	71,026		68,102
Operating lease right-of-use assets	19,025		20,316
Bank premises and equipment, net	6,832		7,792
Core deposit intangible, net	2,792		3,766

Interest receivable and other assets	72,269		74,946
Total assets	$	3,701,335	$	3,803,903
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Liabilities
Deposits:
Non-interest bearing	$	1,399,900	$	1,441,987
Interest bearing:
Transaction accounts	198,301		225,040
Savings accounts	225,691		233,298
Money market accounts	1,153,746		1,138,433
Time accounts	242,377		251,317
Total deposits	3,220,015		3,290,075
Borrowings and other obligations	154		26,298

Operating lease liabilities	21,509		22,906
Interest payable and other liabilities	24,250		25,562
Total liabilities	3,265,928		3,364,841
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 12)
Stockholders' Equity
Preferred stock, no par value, Authorized - 5,000,000 shares, none issued	—		—
Common stock, no par value, Authorized - 30,000,000 shares; Issued and outstanding - 16,089,454 and 16,158,413 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively	215,511		217,498
Retained earnings	249,964		274,570
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(30,068)		(53,006)
Total stockholders' equity	435,407		439,062
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	3,701,335	$	3,803,903

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


BANK OF MARIN BANCORP CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022


(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2024		2023		2022
Interest income
Interest and fees on loans	$	101,484	$	98,505	$	93,868
Interest on investment securities	33,075		38,660		34,766
Interest on federal funds sold and due from banks	6,714		2,329		1,407
Total interest income	141,273		139,494		130,041
Interest expense
Interest on interest-bearing transaction accounts	1,201		1,036		421
Interest on savings accounts	2,003		867		125
Interest on money market accounts	33,914		18,553		1,589
Interest on time accounts	9,254		4,715		323
Interest on borrowings and other obligations	241		11,562		91

Total interest expense	46,613		36,733		2,549
Net interest income	94,660		102,761		127,492
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on loans	5,550		2,575		(63)
Reversal of credit losses on unfunded loan commitments	(233)		(342)		(318)
Net interest income after provision for (reversal of) for credit losses	89,343		100,528		127,873
Non-interest income
Wealth management and trust services	2,420		2,145		2,227
Service charges on deposit accounts	2,164		2,083		2,007
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance, net	1,714		1,802		1,229
Debit card interchange fees, net	1,701		1,831		2,051
Dividends on Federal Home Loan Bank stock	1,478		1,265		1,056
Merchant interchange fees, net	324		496		549
Net losses on sale of investment securities	(32,541)		(5,893)		(63)
Other income	1,380		1,260		1,849
Total non-interest income	(21,360)		4,989		10,905
Non-interest expense
Salaries and employee benefits	44,683		43,448		42,046
Occupancy and equipment	8,242		8,306		7,823
Professional services	5,129		3,598		3,299
Data processing	4,222		4,057		4,649
Deposit network fees	3,526		2,783		258
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance	1,863		1,878		1,179
Information technology	1,686		1,569		2,197
Depreciation and amortization	1,466		2,098		1,840
Directors' expense	1,213		1,212		1,107
Amortization of core deposit intangible	975		1,350		1,489
Charitable contributions	677		717		709
Other real estate owned	—		48		359
Other expense	8,136		8,417		8,314
Total non-interest expense	81,818		79,481		75,269
(Loss) income before provision for income taxes	(13,835)		26,036		63,509
Provision for income taxes	(5,426)		6,141		16,923
Net (loss) income	$	(8,409)	$	19,895	$	46,586
Net (loss) income per common share:
Basic	$	(0.52)	$	1.24	$	2.93
Diluted	$	(0.52)	$	1.24	$	2.92
Weighted average common shares:
Basic	16,042		16,012		15,921
Diluted	16,042		16,026		15,969
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net (loss) income	$	(8,409)	$	19,895	$	46,586
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in net unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities	(2,848)		20,358		(88,620)
Reclassification adjustment for losses on available-for-sale securities included in net income	32,541		8,700		63
Reclassification adjustment for gains or losses for fair value hedges	1,359		(1,359)		—
Net unrealized losses on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity	—		—		(14,847)
Amortization of net unrealized losses on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity	1,504		1,743		1,580
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	32,556		29,442		(101,824)
Deferred tax expense (benefit)	9,618		8,702		(30,102)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	22,938		20,740		(71,722)
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$	14,529	$	40,635	$	(25,136)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


BANK OF MARIN BANCORP CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022


(in thousands, except share data)	Common Stock			Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Taxes		Total
	Shares	Amount
Balance at December 31, 2021	15,929,243	$	212,524	$	239,868	$	(2,024)	$	450,368
Net income	—	—		46,586		—		46,586
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		(71,722)		(71,722)

Stock options exercised, net of shares surrendered for cashless exercises and tax withholdings	40,674	821		—		—		821
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan	2,025	62		—		—		62
Stock issued under employee stock ownership plan	38,000	1,233		—		—		1,233
Restricted stock granted	46,672	—		—		—		—
Restricted stock surrendered for tax withholdings upon vesting	(1,169)	(40)		—		—		(40)
Restricted stock forfeited / cancelled	(13,692)	—		—		—		—
Stock-based compensation - stock options	—	251		—		—		251
Stock-based compensation - restricted stock	—	712		—		—		712
Cash dividends paid on common stock ($0.98 per share)	—	—		(15,673)		—		(15,673)
Stock purchased by directors under director stock plan	515	16		—		—		16
Stock issued in payment of director fees	10,145	355		—		—		355

Stock repurchased, including commissions	(23,275)	(877)		—		—		(877)
Balance at December 31, 2022	16,029,138	$	215,057	$	270,781	$	(73,746)	$	412,092
Net income	—	—		19,895		—		19,895
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—	—		—		20,740		20,740
Stock options exercised, net of shares surrendered for cashless exercises and tax withholdings	11,530	230		—		—		230
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan	2,527	46		—		—		46
Stock issued under employee stock ownership plan	58,400	1,315		—		—		1,315
Restricted stock granted	61,978	—		—		—		—
Restricted stock surrendered for tax withholdings upon vesting	(2,498)	(70)		—		—		(70)
Restricted stock forfeited / cancelled	(21,024)	—		—		—		—
Stock-based compensation - stock options	—	181		—		—		181
Stock-based compensation - restricted stock	—	341		—		—		341
Cash dividends paid on common stock ($1.00 per share)	—	—		(16,106)		—		(16,106)

Stock issued in payment of director fees	18,362	398		—		—		398


Balance at December 31, 2023	16,158,413	$	217,498	$	274,570	$	(53,006)	$	439,062
Net loss	—	—		(8,409)		—		(8,409)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—	—		—		22,938		22,938


Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan	2,184	38		—		—		38
Stock issued under employee stock ownership plan	60,800	1,149		—		—		1,149
Restricted stock granted	106,964	—		—		—		—
Restricted stock surrendered for tax withholdings upon vesting	(3,798)	(64)		—		—		(64)
Restricted stock forfeited / cancelled	(42,396)	—		—		—		—
Stock-based compensation - stock options	—	50		—		—		50
Stock-based compensation - restricted stock	—	580		—		—		580
Cash dividends paid on common stock ($1.00 per share)	—	—		(16,197)		—		(16,197)

Stock issued in payment of director fees	27,287	513		—		—		513
Stock repurchased, including commissions	(220,000)	(4,253)		—		—		(4,253)
Balance at December 31, 2024	16,089,454	$	215,511	$	249,964	$	(30,068)	$	435,407

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


BANK OF MARIN BANCORP CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022


(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income	$	(8,409)	$	19,895	$	46,586
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on loans	5,550		2,575		(63)
Reversal of credit losses on unfunded loan commitments	(233)		(342)		(318)

Noncash contribution expense to employee stock ownership plan	1,149		1,315		1,233
Noncash director compensation expense	513		398		355
Stock-based compensation expense	630		522		963

Amortization of core deposit intangible	975		1,350		1,489
Amortization of investment security premiums, net of accretion of discounts	2,536		6,897		9,056
(Accretion of discounts) amortization of premiums on acquired loans, net	(236)		(573)		153

Net change in deferred loan origination costs/fees	120		(836)		(2,716)
Write-down of other real estate owned	—		40		345

Net losses on sale of investment securities	32,541		5,893		63

Depreciation and amortization	1,466		2,098		1,840



Earnings on bank-owned life insurance policies	(1,714)		(1,802)		(1,229)
Net changes in:

Net changes in interest receivable and other assets	(6,695)		(4,149)		2,228
Net changes in interest payable and other liabilities	172		2,378		(4,708)
Total adjustments	36,774		15,764		8,691
Net cash provided by operating activities	28,365		35,659		55,277
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment	21		—		—
Purchase of held-to-maturity securities	—		—		(319,937)
Purchase of available-for-sale securities	(163,769)		—		(243,459)

Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities	292,621		205,795		10,664

Proceeds from paydowns/maturities of held-to-maturity securities	46,551		47,170		47,098
Proceeds from paydowns/maturities of available-for-sale securities	31,210		59,316		130,178
Proceeds from sale of Visa Inc. Class B restricted common stock	—		2,807		—
Decrease in loans receivable, net	26,150		16,945		164,019
Purchased Loans	(35,874)		—		—
Proceeds from sale of loan	—		3,263		—
Purchase of bank-owned life insurance policies	(1,211)		—		(4,714)
Proceeds from bank-owned life insurance policies	—		766		350
Purchase of premises and equipment	(520)		(1,749)		(2,266)
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned	—		420		—


Cash paid for low income housing tax credit investment	(5)		(42)		(30)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	195,174		334,691		(218,097)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Decrease in deposits	(70,060)		(283,273)		(235,202)
(Repayment of) proceeds from short-term borrowings, net	(26,000)		(86,000)		112,000
Repayment of finance lease obligations	(152)		(148)		(131)

Proceeds from stock options exercised	—		230		821
Restricted stock surrendered for tax withholdings upon vesting	(64)		(70)		(40)
Cash dividends paid on common stock	(16,197)		(16,106)		(15,673)
Stock repurchased, including commissions	(4,253)		—		(1,250)
Proceeds from stock issued under employee and director stock purchase plans	38		46		78
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(116,688)		(385,321)		(139,397)
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	106,851		(14,971)		(302,217)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	30,453		45,424		347,641
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	137,304	$	30,453	$	45,424
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid on deposits and borrowings	$	46,359	$	34,038	$	2,560
Income taxes paid, net of refunds	$	2,245	$	8,428	$	13,730
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:
Change in net unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities	$	(2,848)	$	20,358	$	(88,620)

Purchase of available-for-sale security on account and unsettled	$	—	$	—	$	—
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle ASU 2016-13	$	—	$	—	$	—
Securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity, at fair value	$	—	$	—	$	357,482
Amortization of net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities transferred to held-to-maturity	$	1,504	$	1,743	$	1,580
Transfer of loan to loans held-for-sale	$	—	$	3,263	$	—





Restricted cash 1	$	—	$	330	$	—

1Restricted cash includes reserve requirements held with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco and other cash pledged. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Federal Reserve reduced the reserve requirement ratios to zero percent effective March 26, 2020. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations: Bank of Marin Bancorp ("Bancorp"), headquartered in Novato, California, conducts business primarily through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Bank of Marin (the "Bank"), a California state-chartered commercial bank that provides a wide range of financial services through 27 retail branches and 8 commercial banking offices across Northern California. Our customer base is made up of business, not-for-profit and personal banking relationships from the communities within our Northern California footprint.

Basis of Presentation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bancorp, a bank holding company, and its wholly-owned bank subsidiary, Bank of Marin, a California state-chartered commercial bank. References to “we,” “our,” “us” mean Bancorp and the Bank that are consolidated for financial reporting purposes. Our accounting and reporting policies conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), general practice, and regulatory guidance within the banking industry. A summary of our significant policies follows. All material intercompany transactions have been eliminated. We evaluated subsequent events through the date of filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and determined there were no subsequent events that required additional recognition or disclosure.

Segment Reporting: Our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") is our Chief Executive Officer, who reviews our financial information on a consolidated basis for purposes of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources. We have one operating and reportable segment, community banking, and our other operating segment, wealth management services, does not meet the quantitative threshold for separate reporting. Our CODM reviews consolidated net income before provision for income taxes as our primary measure of profitability alongside significant expense information consistent with the expense captions presented in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). These metrics are used by our CODM to monitor actual results and to benchmark to our peers. Segment assets are equal to consolidated total assets in our Consolidated Statements of Condition and all segment non-cash items are equal to those disclosed in our Consolidated Statements of Cashflows. We derive materially all of our income from activities within the United States, and materially all of our long lived assets are physically located within the United States. No single customer or client relationship accounts for ten percent or more of our income.


Segment revenue, profit or loss, significant segment expenses and other segment items	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
(in thousands)
Community banking segment:
Interest income	$	141,273	$	139,494	$	130,041
Non-interest income	(23,780)		2,844		8,678

Reconciliation of income
All other income1	2,420		2,145		2,227
Total consolidated income	119,913		144,483		140,946

Less:2
Total interest expense	46,613		36,733		2,549
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on loans	5,550		2,575		(63)
Reversal of credit losses on unfunded loan commitments	(233)		(342)		(318)
Non-interest expense
Salaries and employee benefits	43,794		42,671		41,235
Occupancy and equipment	8,240		8,304		7,819
Professional services	4,562		3,086		2,688
Data processing	4,032		3,879		4,480
Deposit network fees	3,526		2,783		258
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance	1,863		1,878		1,179
Information technology	1,686		1,569		2,197
Depreciation and amortization	1,465		2,097		1,839
Directors' expense	1,213		1,212		1,107
Amortization of core deposit intangible	975		1,350		1,489
Charitable contributions	677		717		709
Other real estate owned	—		48		359
Other expense	8,068		8,357		8,255
Segment (loss) income	(12,118)		27,566		65,164

Reconciliation of segment (loss) income
All other loss1	(1,717)		(1,530)		(1,655)

Loss before income taxes	$	(13,835)	$	26,036	$	63,509
1Other income and loss from segment below the quantitative thresholds are attributable to one operating segment of the Bank, the Wealth Management and Trust Services, which does not meet the quantitative thresholds for presenting reportable segments. Expenses of Wealth Management and Trust Services are comprised of salary and employee benefits, professional services, data processing, occupancy and equipment and other expenses totaling $1.7 million.
2The significant expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker.

Accounting Changes and Reclassifications: There have been no items in prior financial statements that have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the consolidated financial statements include the allowance for credit losses, fair value measurements, and goodwill impairment assessment, as discussed in the Notes herein.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash: This includes cash, due from banks, federal funds sold and other short-term investments with maturities of less than three months at the time of purchase. Restricted cash includes balances not immediately available for business operations such as Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco reserve requirements and cash pledged for interest rate swap contracts and local agency deposits.

Investment Securities: Investment securities are classified as "held-to-maturity," "trading securities" or "available-for-sale." Investments classified as held-to-maturity are those that we have the ability and intent to hold until maturity and are reported at cost, adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts. Investments held for resale in anticipation of short-term market movements are classified as trading securities and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings. Investments that are neither held-to-maturity

nor trading are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses for available-for-sale securities, net of related taxes, are reported as a separate component of comprehensive income (loss) and included in stockholders' equity until realized. For discussion of our methodology in determining fair value, see Note 9, Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities.

Purchase premiums and discounts on investment securities are amortized or accreted over the life of the related security as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method. For certain callable debt securities purchased at a premium, we amortize the premium to the earliest call date.

Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses on the sale of securities are included in non-interest income. The specific identification method is used to calculate realized gains and losses on sales of securities.

Securities transferred from the available-for-sale category to the held-to-maturity category are recorded at fair value at the date of transfer. Unrealized holding gains or losses on the dates of the transfer of securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity are included in the balance of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, in the consolidated balance sheets. These unrealized holding gains or losses on the dates of transfer are amortized over the remaining life of the securities as yield adjustments in a manner consistent with the amortization or accretion of the original purchase premium or discount on the associated security.

Non-marketable equity securities include stock held for membership and regulatory purposes, such as Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") stock and other non-marketable equity securities. These securities are accounted for at cost, evaluated for impairment as of each reporting period, and included in interest receivable and other assets on the consolidated statements of condition. During 2023, the Bank sold its remaining investment in Visa Inc. Class B restricted common stock, as discussed in Note 2 - Investment securities. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023 our investment in FHLB stock was carried at cost, as there was no impairment or changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. Both cash and stock dividends from the FHLB are reported as non-interest income.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Investment Securities: The allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity securities is a contra-asset valuation account determined in accordance with ASC 326, which is deducted from the securities' amortized cost basis at the balance sheet date as a result of management's assessment of the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance is measured on a pooled basis for securities with similar risk characteristics using historical credit loss information, adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Securities that are determined to be uncollectible are written off against the allowance.

For available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position ("impaired security"), we assess whether 1) we intend to sell the security, or, 2) it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Under either of these conditions, the security's amortized cost is written down to fair value through a charge to previously recognized allowances or earnings, as applicable. For impaired securities that do not meet these conditions, we assess whether the decline in fair value was due to credit loss or other factors. This assessment considers, among other things: 1) the extent to which the fair value is less than amortized cost, 2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, 3) any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and 4) our intent and ability to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss component. Any impairment due to non-credit-related factors that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). The discount rate used in determining the present value of the expected cash flows is based on the effective interest rate implicit in the security at the date of purchase.

Accrued interest receivable is excluded from the amortized costs and fair values of both held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities and included in interest receivable and other assets on the consolidated statements of condition. Investment securities are placed on non-accrual status when principal or interest is contractually past due more than ninety days, or management does not expect full payment of principal and interest. We do not record an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest on investment securities, as the amounts are written-off

when the investment is placed on non-accrual status. There were no non-accrual investment securities in any of the years presented in the consolidated financial statements.

Originated Loans: Loans are reported at amortized cost, which is the principal amount outstanding net of deferred fees (costs), purchase premiums (discounts) and net charge-offs (recoveries). Amortized cost excludes accrued interest, which is reflected in interest receivable and other assets in the consolidated statements of condition. We do not measure an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable balances because these balances are written off in a timely manner as a reduction to interest income when loans are placed on non-accrual status as discussed below. Interest income is accrued daily using the simple interest method. Fees collected upon loan origination and certain direct costs of originating loans are deferred and recognized over the contractual lives of the related loans as yield adjustments using the interest method or straight-line method, as applicable. Upon prepayment or other disposition of the underlying loans before their contractual maturities, any associated unearned fees or unamortized costs are recognized.

Acquired Loans: ASC 326 modified the accounting for purchased loans and requires that an allowance for credit losses be established at the date of acquisition. However, for purchased financial assets with a more-than-insignificant amount of credit deterioration since origination (“PCD assets”) that are measured at amortized cost, the initial allowance for credit losses is added to the purchase price rather than reported as a provision for credit losses. Subsequent changes in the allowance for credit losses on PCD assets are recognized through the provision for credit losses.

Past-Due and Non-Accrual Loan Policy: A loan is considered past due when a payment has not been received by the contractual due date. Loans are placed on non-accrual status when management believes that there is substantial doubt as to the collection of principal or interest, generally when they become contractually past due by 90 days or more with respect to principal or interest, except for loans that are well-secured and in the process of collection. When loans are placed on non-accrual status, any accrued but uncollected interest is reversed from current-period interest income and the amortization of deferred loan origination fees and costs is suspended. Interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are either applied against principal or reported as interest income, according to management’s judgment as to the ultimate collectability of principal. We may return non-accrual loans to accrual status when one of the following occurs:

•The borrower has resumed paying the full amount of the principal and interest and we are satisfied with the borrower's financial position. In order to meet this test, we must have received repayment of all past due principal and interest, unless the amounts contractually due are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period of time, and there has been a sustained period of repayment performance (generally, six consecutive monthly payments), according to the original or modified contractual terms.

•The loan has become well secured and is in the process of collection.

Loan Charge-Off Policy: For all loan types excluding overdraft accounts, we generally make a charge-off determination at or before 90 days past due. A collateral-dependent loan is partially charged down to the fair value of collateral securing it if: (1) it is deemed uncollectable, or (2) it has been classified as a loss by either our internal loan review process or external examiners. A non-collateral-dependent loan is partially charged down to its net realizable value under the same circumstances. Overdraft accounts are generally charged off when they exceed 60 days past due.

Collateral Dependent Loans: A loan is collateral dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral. For collateral dependent loans, including those for which management determines foreclosure is probable, each loan is individually evaluated and the allowance for credit losses is based on the fair value of the collateral, adjusted for estimated selling costs when repayment is expected from the sale of the collateral, less the loan's amortized cost. In determining the fair value, management considers such information as the appraised value of the collateral, observed and potential future changes in collateral value, and historical loss experience for loans that were secured by similar collateral. Generally, with problem credits that are collateral dependent, we obtain appraisals of the collateral at least annually. We may obtain appraisals more frequently if we believe the collateral value is subject to market volatility, if a specific event has affected the collateral, or if we believe foreclosure is imminent.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans ("ACL"): The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis at the balance sheet date to present the net amount of loans expected to be collected. Amortized cost does not include accrued interest, which management elected to exclude from the estimate of expected credit losses (refer to the Past-Due and Non-Accrual Loan Policy section above). Management estimates the allowance quarterly using relevant available information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses.

The ACL model utilizes a discounted cash flow ("DCF") method to measure the expected credit losses on loans collectively evaluated that are sub-segmented by loan pools with similar credit risk characteristics, which are generally comprised of federal regulatory reporting codes (i.e., Call codes). Pooled segments include the following:

•Loans secured by real estate:

- 1-4 family residential construction loans

- Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans

- Secured by farmland (including residential and other improvements)

- Revolving, open-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties and extended under lines

of credit

- Closed-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties, secured by first liens

- Closed-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties, secured by junior liens

- Secured by multifamily (5 or more) residential properties

- Commercial real estate loans secured by owner-occupied non-farm nonresidential properties

- Commercial real estate loans secured by other non-farm nonresidential properties

•Loans to finance agricultural production and other loans to farmers

•Commercial and industrial loans

•Loans to individuals for household, family and other personal expenditures (i.e., consumer loans)

•Municipal entities

•Non-profit organizations

•Other loans (overdraft credit lines)

The DCF method incorporates assumptions for probability of default ("PD"), loss given default ("LGD"), and prepayments and curtailments over the contractual terms of the loans. Under the DCF method, the ACL reflects the difference between the amortized cost basis and the present value of the expected cash flows using the loan's effective rate. We elected to report the change in present values from one reporting period to the next due to the passage of time and changes in the estimate of future expected cash flows through the provision for credit losses, rather than though interest income.

In determining the PD for each pooled segment, the Bank utilized regression analyses to identify certain economic drivers that were considered highly correlated to historical Bank or peer loan default experience. As a result, management chose the California unemployment rate as the primary economic forecast driver for all segments, except for municipal loans. In addition, the annual percentage change in the California gross domestic product was used in the commercial and industrial loan segment. For municipal loans, the ACL model utilized a constant default rate obtained from a nationally recognized default rate study, which is updated annually. A third party provides LGD estimates for each segment based on a banking industry Frye-Jacobs Risk Index approach. The ACL model incorporates a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast of economic factors, updated quarterly, which is based on Moody's Analytics' Baseline Forecast. For periods beyond the forecast horizon, the economic factors revert to historical averages on a straight-line basis over a one-year period.

Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans, adjusted for expected prepayments and curtailments, when appropriate. The pooled loans' contractual loan terms exclude assumptions about extensions, renewals, and modifications.

Loans that do not share the same risk characteristics as pooled loans are evaluated individually for credit loss and generally include all non-accrual loans, collateral dependent loans, and certain modified loans and loans graded substandard or worse, as determined by management.

•Changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio

•Changes in the volume and severity of past due loans, the volume of non-accruals loans, and the volume and severity of adversely classified or graded loans

•The existence and effect of individual loan and loan segment concentrations

•Changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices not considered elsewhere

•Changes in the experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff

•Changes in the quality of our systematic loan review processes

•Changes in economic and business conditions, and developments that affect the collectability of the portfolio

•Changes in the value of underlying collateral, where applicable

•The effect of other external factors such as legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in the portfolio

•The effect of acquisitions of other loan portfolios on our infrastructure, including risk associated with entering new geographic areas as a result of such acquisitions

•The presence of specialized lending segments in the portfolio

There were no material changes to the ACL methodology during 2024. However, assumptions that mainly influenced management's current estimate of the expected credit losses were primarily adjustments to qualitative risk factors from continued uncertainty about inflation and recession risks, the potential impact of rapidly increasing interest rates and other external factors on both our non-owner-occupied commercial real estate and construction portfolios, loan and collateral concentration risks in our construction and commercial real estate portfolios, heightened portfolio management in light of current economic conditions, and continued negative trends in adversely graded loans and/or collateral values for our non-owner occupied commercial real estate office and multi-family real estate portfolios. Other elements of the estimated current expected credit losses included increased allowances for individually analyzed loans exhibiting unique credit risk characteristics and a slight increase in Moody's Analytics' Baseline Forecast of California's unemployment rate, partially offset by the impact of an overall decrease in loans. While we believe we use the best information available to determine the allowance for credit losses, our results of operations could be significantly affected if circumstances differ substantially from the assumptions used in determining the allowance. Our ACL model is sensitive to changes in unemployment rate forecasts and certain other assumptions that could result in material fluctuations in the allowance for credit losses and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Under ASU No. 2022-02 certain loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty are now subject to the Bank's standard ACL process, as outlined above.

For further information regarding the allowance for loan losses, see Note 3, Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Unfunded Loan Commitments: We make commitments to extend credit to meet the financing needs of our customers in the form of loans or standby letters of credit. We are exposed to credit losses over a loan's contractual period in the event that a decline in credit quality of the borrower leads to nonperformance. We record an allowance for losses on unfunded loan commitments at the balance sheet date based on estimates of probability that these commitments will be drawn upon according to historical utilization experience of different types of commitments and expected loss severity and loss rates determined for pooled funded loans. The allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments is a liability account included in interest payable and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of condition. Adjustments to the allowance for unfunded commitments are included in non-interest expense as a provision for (or reversal of) the allowance for unfunded commitments.

Transfers of Financial Assets: We have entered into certain loan participation agreements with other organizations. We account for these transfers of financial assets as sales when control over the transferred financial assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when 1) the

assets and liabilities have been isolated from us, 2) the transferee has the right to pledge or exchange the assets (or beneficial interests) it received, free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right, beyond a trivial benefit and 3) we do not maintain effective control over the transferred financial assets or third-party beneficial interests related to those transferred assets. Transfers of a portion of a loan must meet the criteria of a participating interest. If it does not meet the criteria of a participating interest, the transfer must be accounted for as a secured borrowing. In order to meet the criteria for a participating interest, all cash flows from the loan must be divided proportionately, the rights of each loan holder must have the same priority, and the loan holders must have no recourse to the transferor other than standard representations and warranties and no loan holder has the right to pledge or exchange the entire loan. We recognized no gains or losses on the sale of these participation interests in 2024, 2023 and 2022.

Premises and Equipment: Land is carried at cost and not depreciated. Bank-owned buildings, leasehold improvements, furniture, fixtures, software and equipment and are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation, and depreciated/amortized on a straight-line basis. Furniture and fixtures are depreciated over eight years and equipment is generally depreciated over three to twenty years. Bank-owned buildings are depreciated over twenty-five to thirty years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of their estimated useful lives or the terms of the leases. When assets are sold or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in income for the period. The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to expense as incurred.

Leases: We lease certain premises under long-term non-cancelable operating leases, most of which include escalation clauses and one or more options to extend the lease term, and some of which contain lease termination clauses. Only those renewal and termination options that management determines are reasonably certain of exercising are included in the calculation of the lease liability. In addition, we lease certain equipment under finance leases. The equipment finance lease terms do not contain renewal options, bargain purchase options or residual value guarantees. We did not have any significant short-term leases during the reported periods.

Lease right-of-use assets represent the right to use the underlying asset while lease liabilities represent the present value of future lease obligations. We elected not to separate non-lease components from lease components and to exclude short-term leases (i.e., lease term of 12 months or less at the commencement date) from right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for all lease classifications. When calculating the lease liability, because most lease contracts do not contain an implicit interest rate, we discount lease payments over a lease's expected term based on the collateralized Federal Home Loan Bank borrowing rate that was commensurate with lease terms and minimum payments at the lease commencement date. Right-of-use assets for operating leases are amortized over the lease term by amounts that represent the difference between periodic straight-line lease expense and periodic interest accretion on the related liability to make lease payments, whereas finance leases are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Expense recognition for operating leases is recorded on a straight-line basis while expense recognition for finance leases represents the sum of periodic amortization of the associated right-of-use asset and the interest accretion on the lease liability. Refer to Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, for further information.

Business Combinations: Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. A business is defined as a set of activities and assets that is both self-sustaining and managed to provide a return to investors and generally has three elements: inputs, processes and outputs. Under the acquisition method, the acquiring entity in a business combination recognizes the acquired assets and assumed liabilities at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets and other identifiable intangible assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. To the extent the fair value of net assets acquired, including other identifiable assets, exceed the purchase price, a bargain purchase gain is recognized. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed from a business combination are recognized at fair value. Results of operations of an acquired business are included in the consolidated statements of operations from the date of acquisition. Business acquisition-related costs, including conversion and restructuring charges, are expensed as incurred. If substantially all of an acquisition is made up of one asset or several similar assets, or without a substantive process that together contributes to the ability to create outputs, the acquisition is accounted for as an asset acquisition and acquisition costs will be capitalized as part of the assets acquired, rather than expensed in a business combinations.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets: Goodwill arises from the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations and represents the excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred, plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree, over the fair value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Goodwill is deemed to have an indefinite life, is not subject to amortization, and as such is tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events and circumstances lead management to believe the value of goodwill may be impaired. Goodwill is the only intangible asset with an indefinite life recorded in the Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition. Impairment testing is performed at the reporting unit level, which management considered to be the Community Banking Segment at December 31, 2024. Management considered the Company to be its sole reportable unit for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Management’s assessment of goodwill impairment is performed in accordance with ASC 350-20, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Goodwill and encompasses a two-step process to evaluate each reporting unit. First, the Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to evaluate relevant events or circumstances to determine whether it is more likely than not the fair value of the Company is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. The factors considered in the qualitative assessment typically include macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions and the overall financial performance of the Company, among other factors. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not the fair value of the Company may be less than its carrying amounts, then it proceeds to the quantitative impairment test, whereby it calculates the fair value of the Company. Under GAAP, in its performance of impairment testing, management has the unconditional option to proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test, bypassing the qualitative assessment. If the carrying amount of the Company exceeds its fair value, the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds fair value, up to the carrying value of goodwill, is recorded through earnings as an impairment charge recorded in non-interest expense. If the results of the qualitative assessment indicate that it is not more likely than not that an impairment has occurred, or if the quantitative impairment test results in a fair value of the Company that is greater than the carrying amount, then no impairment charge is recorded.

The Company performs its annual goodwill impairment test as of November 30th each year. The results indicated that goodwill was not impaired as of December 31, 2024, and there were no changes to our assessment through December 31, 2024. In addition, the Company recorded no goodwill impairment for the year ended December 31, 2023 or 2022.

Core deposit intangibles ("CDI") arising from the acquisition of other financial institutions are considered to have definite useful lives and are amortized on an accelerated method over their estimated useful life of ten years. At December 31, 2024, the future estimated amortization expense for the CDI arising from our past acquisitions was as follows:


(in thousands)	2025		2026		2027		2028		2029		Thereafter		Total
Core deposit intangible amortization	$	875	$	773	$	634	$	242	$	165	$	103	$	2,792

The CDI represents the estimated future benefit of deposits related to an acquisition and is recorded separately from the related deposits and evaluated at least annually or when events and circumstances change. We recorded no impairment adjustments for the CDI in 2024, 2023 and 2022.

Other Real Estate Owned ("OREO"): OREO is comprised of property acquired through a business combination, foreclosure, in substance repossession or acceptance of deeds-in-lieu of foreclosure when the related loan receivable is de-recognized. OREO is recorded at fair value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell, establishing a new cost basis, and subsequently accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Any shortfall of collateral value from the recorded investment of the related loan is recognized as loss at the time of foreclosure and is charged against the allowance for loan losses. Fair value of collateral is generally based on an independent appraisal of the property. Revenues and expenses associated with OREO, and subsequent adjustments to the fair value of the property and to the estimated costs of disposal, are realized and reported as a component of non-interest income and expense when incurred. We recorded a $40 thousand and $345 thousand valuation adjustment to OREO in 2023 and 2022, respectively, and no adjustment in 2024. In July 2023, the Bank completed the sale of its only OREO property.

Bank Owned Life Insurance ("BOLI"): The Bank owns life insurance policies on certain key current and former officers. BOLI is recorded in interest receivable and other assets on the consolidated statements of condition at the

amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at period-end, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or amounts due that are probable at settlement.

Investments in Low Income Housing Tax Credit Funds: We have invested in limited partnerships that were formed to develop and operate affordable housing projects for low or moderate-income tenants throughout California. Our ownership percentage in each limited partnership ranges from 1.0% to 3.5%. We account for the investments in qualified affordable housing tax credit funds using the proportional amortization method, where the initial cost of the investment is amortized in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received. Low income housing tax credits and other tax benefits received, net of the amortization of the investment is recognized as part of income tax benefit. Each of the partnerships must meet the regulatory minimum requirements for affordable housing for a minimum 15-year compliance period to fully utilize the tax credits. If the partnerships cease to qualify during the compliance period, the credit may be denied for any period in which the project is not in compliance and a portion of the credit previously taken is subject to recapture with interest. We record an impairment charge if the value of the future tax credits and other tax benefits is less than the carrying value of the investments.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”): We recognize compensation cost for ESOP contributions when funds become committed for the purchase of Bancorp's common shares into the ESOP in the year in which the employees render service entitling them to the contribution. If we contribute stock, the compensation cost is the fair value of the shares when they are committed to be released (i.e., when the number of shares becomes known and formally approved). In 2024, 2023 and 2022, Bancorp only made stock contributions to the ESOP.

Income Taxes: Income taxes reported in the consolidated financial statements are computed based on an asset and liability approach. We recognize the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and we record deferred tax assets and liabilities for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amount of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. We record net deferred tax assets to the extent it is more likely than not that they will be realized. In evaluating our ability to recover the deferred tax assets and the need to establish a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets, management considers all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies. In projecting future taxable income, management develops assumptions including the amount of future state and federal pretax operating income, the reversal of temporary differences, and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment about the forecasts of future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates being used to manage the underlying business. Bancorp files consolidated federal and combined state income tax returns.

We recognize the financial statement effect of a tax position when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits and all available evidence, that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution through protests, appeals or litigation processes. For tax positions that meet the more likely than not threshold, we measure and record the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the taxing authority. The remainder of the benefits associated with tax positions taken is recorded as unrecognized tax benefits, along with any related interest and penalties. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are recorded in tax expense.

In deciding whether or not our tax positions taken meet the more likely than not recognition threshold, we must make judgments and interpretations about the application of inherently complex state and federal tax laws. To the extent tax authorities disagree with tax positions taken by us, our effective tax rates could be materially affected in the period of settlement with the taxing authorities. Revision of our estimate of accrued income taxes also may result from our own income tax planning, which may affect effective tax rates and results of operations for any reporting period.

We present an unrecognized tax benefit as a reduction of a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss ("NOL") carryforward, or similar tax loss or tax credit carryforward, rather than as a liability, when (1) the uncertain tax position would reduce the NOL or other carryforward under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction and (2) we intend to and are able to use the deferred tax asset for that purpose. Otherwise, the unrecognized tax benefit is presented as a liability instead of being netted with deferred tax assets.

Earnings per share (“EPS”): EPS is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each year. The following table shows: 1) weighted average basic shares, 2) potentially dilutive weighted average common shares related to stock options and unvested restricted stock awards, and 3) weighted average diluted shares. Basic EPS are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each annual period, excluding unvested restricted stock awards. Diluted EPS are calculated using the weighted average number of potentially dilutive common shares. The number of potentially dilutive common shares included in year-to-date diluted EPS is a year-to-date weighted average of potentially dilutive common shares included in each quarterly diluted EPS computation. In computing diluted EPS, we exclude anti-dilutive shares such as options whose exercise prices exceed the current common stock price, as they would not reduce EPS under the treasury stock method. We have two forms of outstanding common stock: common stock and unvested restricted stock awards. Holders of unvested restricted stock awards receive non-forfeitable dividends at the same rate as common shareholders and they both share equally in undistributed earnings. Under the two-class method, the difference in EPS is nominal for these participating securities.


(in thousands, except per share data)	2024		2023		2022
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding	16,042		16,012		15,921
Potentially dilutive common shares related to:
Stock options	—		3		31
Unvested restricted stock awards	—		11		17
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding	16,042		16,026		15,969
Net income	$	(8,409)	$	19,895	$	46,586
Basic EPS	$	(0.52)	$	1.24	$	2.93
Diluted EPS	$	(0.52)	$	1.24	$	2.92
Weighted average anti-dilutive common shares not included in the calculation of diluted EPS	368		364		211

Share-Based Compensation: All share-based payments, including stock options and restricted stock, are recognized as stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) based on the grant-date fair value of the award with a corresponding increase in common stock. The grant-date fair value of the award is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. The stock-based compensation expense excludes stock grants to directors as compensation for their services, which are recognized as director expenses separately based on the grant-date value of the stock. We account for forfeitures as they occur. See Note 8, Stockholders' Equity and Stock Option Plans, for further discussion.

We determine the fair value of stock options at the grant date using a Black-Scholes pricing model that takes into account the stock price at the grant date, exercise price, expected life of the option, volatility of the underlying stock, expected dividend yield and risk-free interest rate over the expected life of the option. The expected term of options granted is derived from historical data on employee exercises and post-vesting employment termination behavior. The risk-free rate for periods within the expected life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the common stock over the most recent period that is generally commensurate with the expected life of the options. The Black-Scholes option valuation model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected life of the stock-based award and stock price volatility. The assumptions used represent management's best estimates based on historical information, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management's judgment. As a result, if other assumptions had been used, the recorded stock-based compensation expense could have been materially different from that recorded in the consolidated financial statements. The fair value of restricted stock is based on the stock price on the grant date.

We record excess tax benefits resulting from the exercise of non-qualified stock options, the disqualifying disposition of incentive stock options and vesting of restricted stock awards as tax benefits in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) with a corresponding decrease to current taxes payable. In addition, we reflect excess tax benefits as an operating activity in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Cash paid for tax withholdings when shares are surrendered in a cashless stock option exchange is classified as a financing activity in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities - Fair Value Hedges: All of our interest rate swap contracts are designated and qualified as fair value hedges. The terms of our loan interest rate swap contracts are closely aligned to the terms of the designated fixed-rate loans. The hedging relationships are tested for effectiveness on a quarterly basis using a qualitative approach. The qualitative analysis includes verification that there are no changes to the derivative's or hedged item's key terms and conditions and no adverse developments regarding risk of counterparty default, and validation that we continue to have fair value hedge designation. Our rate swaps on available-for-sale securities were designated as partial term fair value hedges and structured such that the changes in fair value of the interest rate swaps are expected to be perfectly effective in offsetting the changes in the fair value of the hedged items attributable to changes in the swap rate. Because the hedges met the criteria for using the shortcut method, there is no need to periodically reassess effectiveness during the term of the hedges.

The interest rate swaps are carried on the consolidated statements of condition at their fair value in other assets (when the fair value is positive) or in other liabilities (when the fair value is negative). For fair value designated hedges, the gain or loss on the hedging instruments, as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged items, are recognized in current earnings as fair values change.

For derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under a master netting arrangement, we do not offset fair value amounts of interest rate swaps in liability positions with the ones in asset positions.

From time to time, we make firm commitments to enter into long-term fixed-rate loans with borrowers backed by yield maintenance agreements and simultaneously enter into forward interest rate swap agreements with correspondent banks to mitigate the change in fair value of the yield maintenance agreement. Prior to loan funding, yield maintenance agreements with net settlement features that meet the definition of a derivative are considered as non-designated hedges and are carried on the consolidated statements of condition at their fair value in other assets (when the fair value is positive) or in other liabilities (when the fair value is negative). The offsetting changes in the fair value of the forward swap and the yield maintenance agreement are recorded in interest income. When the fixed-rate loans are originated, the forward swaps are designated to offset the change in fair value in the loans. Subsequent to the point of the swap designations, the fair value of the related yield maintenance agreements at the designation date that was recorded in other assets is amortized using the effective yield method over the life of the respective designated loans.

For further detail, refer to Note 14, Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities.

Revenue Recognition: We utilize the following five-step model for non-financial instrument related revenue that is in scope for ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: 1) identify the contract, 2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, 3) determine the transaction price, 4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and, 5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies the performance obligation. Our main revenue streams in scope for ASC 606 include:

•Wealth management and trust services ("WMTS") fees - WMTS services include, but are not limited to: customized investment advisory and management; administrative services such as bill pay and tax reporting; trust administration, estate settlement, custody and fiduciary services. Performance obligations for investment advisory and management services are generally satisfied over time. Revenue is recognized monthly according to a tiered fee schedule based on the client's month-end market value of assets under our management. WMTS does not earn revenue based on performance or incentives. Costs associated with WMTS revenue-generating activities, such as payments to sub-advisors, are recorded separately as part of professional service expenses when incurred.

•Deposit account service charges - Service charges on deposit accounts consist of monthly maintenance fees, business account analysis fees, business online banking fees, check order charges, and other deposit account-related fees. Performance obligations for monthly maintenance fees and account analysis fees are satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, when we complete our performance obligation each month. Performance obligations related to transaction-based services (such as check orders) are satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, at a point in time typically when the transaction is completed, except for business accounts subject to analysis where the transaction-based fees are part of the monthly account analysis fees.

•Debit card interchange fees - We issue debit cards to our consumer and small business customers that allow them to purchase goods and services from merchants in person, online, or via mobile devices using funds held in their demand deposit accounts held with us. Debit cards issued to our customers are part of global electronic payment networks (such as Visa) who pass a portion of the merchant interchange fees to debit card-issuing member banks like us when our customers make purchases through their networks. Performance obligations for debit card services are satisfied and revenue is recognized daily as the payment networks process transactions. Because we act in an agent capacity, we recognize network costs on a net basis with interchange fees in non-interest income.

Advertising Costs: Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, advertising costs totaled $1.1 million, $1.2 million, and $1.1 million, respectively.

Comprehensive Income (Loss): Comprehensive income (loss) primarily includes net income, changes in the unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale investment securities, reclassification adjustment for gains or losses on fair value hedges, reclassification adjustment for realized (gains) losses on available-for-sale securities in net income, and amortization of net unrealized gains or losses on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity, net of related taxes, reported on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) and as components of stockholders' equity.

Fair Value Measurements: We use fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. We base our fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., exit price notion) reflecting factors such as a liquidity premium. Securities available-for-sale and derivatives are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values are recorded at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. FHLB stock was carried at cost as of December 31, 2024, as there was no impairment or changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer. Additionally, from time to time, we may be required to record certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis, such as purchased loans and acquired deposits recorded at acquisition date, certain collateral dependent loans, other real estate owned and securities held-to-maturity that are other-than-temporarily impaired. These non-recurring fair value adjustments typically involve write-downs of individual assets due to application of lower-of-cost or market accounting.

When we develop our fair value measurement process, we maximize the use of observable inputs. Whenever there is no readily available market data, we use our best estimates and assumptions in determining fair value, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management's judgment. As a result, if other assumptions had been used, our recorded earnings or disclosures could have been materially different from those reflected in these consolidated financial statements.

Other Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In June 2022, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions. The amendment reduces diversity in practice by clarifying that a separate contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value. In addition, this ASU provided amended examples to illustrate that a restriction that is a characteristic of the equity security, which market participants would take into account when pricing them, would be considered in measuring fair value. This ASU also introduced new disclosure requirements. The amendments were effective prospectively for years beginning after December 15, 2023. As discussed in Note 2, Investment Securities, in July 2023 we sold our remaining shares of Visa Inc. Class B restricted common stock. We adopted ASU 2022-03 in the first quarter of 2024, which as a result of the previously mentioned sale had no impact our financial condition, results of operations or disclosures.

In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-01, Leases (Topic 842): Common Control Arrangements. For public companies, the amendment requires entities to amortize leasehold improvements associated with common control lease arrangements over the useful life of the improvements to the common control group, as opposed to

the shorter of the remaining lease term and the useful life of the improvements for all other operating leases. The amendments were effective for years beginning after December 15, 2023, and may be adopted either prospectively or retrospectively. We adopted ASU 2023-01 on a prospective basis in the first quarter of 2024, which had no impact on our financial condition or results of operations as we did not have common control lease arrangements at the time of adoption and we have not since entered into any such arrangements.

In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-02, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method. Under current GAAP, an entity can only elect to apply the proportional amortization method to investments in low-income housing tax credit ("LIHTC") structures. The proportional amortization method results in the cost of the investment being amortized in proportion to the income tax credits and other income tax benefits received, with the amortization of the investment and the income tax credits being presented net in the consolidated statements of income as a component of income tax expense (benefit). The amendments will allow entities to elect to account for all other equity investments made primarily for the purpose of receiving income tax credits to using the proportional amortization method, regardless of the tax credit program through which the investment earns income tax credits, when certain conditions are met. The amendments were effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and may be adopted either on a modified retrospective basis or retrospectively. Other than investments in LIHTC funds, as disclosed in Note 2, Investment Securities, we currently have no other equity investments made primarily for the purpose of receiving income tax credits, and therefore the adoption of this ASU had no impact on our financial condition, results of operations, or disclosures.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments are intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses, enhanced interim disclosure requirements, clarifying circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, providing new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and requiring other disclosures. The amendments were effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2024, and shall be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. We adopted ASU 2023-07 in the fourth quarter of 2024 with this Form 10-K, and the required expanded disclosures have been made above within this Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, under the section titled Segment Reporting. Adoption had no impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Effective

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments require disaggregated information about the effective tax rate reconciliation and additional disclosures on reconciling items and taxes paid that meet a quantitative threshold. The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and may be adopted either prospectively or retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the amendments on our financial statement disclosures upon adoption.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03 (updated in January 2025 to ASU No. 2025-01), Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The amendments are intended to improve income statement expense disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about certain costs and expenses included in income statement expense captions. The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026 (i.e., 2027 Form 10-K) and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the amendments on our financial statement disclosures upon adoption.

Note 2: Investment Securities

Our investment securities portfolio consists of U.S. Treasury securities, obligations of state and political subdivisions, U.S. federal government agencies, such as the Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA") and Small Business Administration ("SBA"), and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises ("GSEs"), such as the Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA"), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC"), Federal

Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation and FHLB, and U.S. and foreign corporations. We also invest in residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities ("MBS"/"CMBS") and collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs") issued or guaranteed by the GSEs, as reflected in the following table.

A summary of the amortized cost, fair value and allowance for credit losses related to securities held-to-maturity as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is presented below.


Held-to-maturity:	Amortized Cost 1		Allowance for Credit Losses		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Unrealized				Fair Value
(in thousands)							Gains		(Losses)
December 31, 2024
Securities of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
CMBS issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	$	242,559	$	—	$	242,559	$	—	$	(34,449)	$	208,110
CMOs issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	209,748		—		209,748		—		(18,492)		191,256
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	192,388		—		192,388		—		(30,942)		161,446
SBA-backed securities	1,513		—		1,513		—		(61)		1,452

Debentures of government-sponsored agencies	141,431		—		141,431		—		(22,694)		118,737
Obligations of state and political subdivisions	61,560		—		61,560		—		(8,341)		53,219
Corporate bonds	30,000		—		30,000		—		(685)		29,315
Total held-to-maturity	$	879,199	$	—	$	879,199	$	—	$	(115,664)	$	763,535
December 31, 2023

Securities of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
CMBS issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	$	247,441	$	—	$	247,441	$	—	$	(35,071)	$	212,370
CMOs issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	228,761		—		228,761		28		(16,882)		211,907
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	208,983		—		208,983		—		(27,326)		181,657
SBA-backed securities	1,853		—		1,853		—		(90)		1,763
Debentures of government-sponsored agencies	146,126		—		146,126		—		(21,994)		124,132
Obligations of state and political subdivisions	62,034		—		62,034		47		(7,884)		54,197
Corporate bonds	30,000		—		30,000		—		(1,196)		28,804
Total held-to-maturity	$	925,198	$	—	$	925,198	$	75	$	(110,443)	$	814,830
1 Amortized cost and fair values exclude accrued interest receivable of $3.4 million and $3.6 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which is included in interest receivable and other assets in the consolidated statements of condition.

Management measures expected credit losses on held-to-maturity securities collectively by major security type, with each type sharing similar risk characteristics, and considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. With regard to MBSs and CMOs issued or guaranteed by the GSEs, and SBA-backed securities, we expect to receive all the contractual principal and interest on these securities, as such securities are backed by the full faith and credit of and/or guaranteed by the U.S. government. Accordingly, no allowance for credit losses has been recorded for these securities. With regard to securities issued by states and political subdivisions and corporate bonds, management considers: (i) issuer and/or guarantor credit ratings, (ii) historical probability of default and loss given default rates for given bond ratings and remaining maturity, (iii) whether issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments under the contractual terms of the securities, (iv) internal credit review of the financial information, and (v) whether or not such securities have credit enhancements such as guarantees, contain a defeasance clause, or are pre-refunded by the issuers. Based on the comprehensive analysis, no credit losses are expected.

The following table summarizes the amortized cost of our portfolio of held-to-maturity securities issued by states and political subdivisions and corporate bonds by Moody's and/or Standard & Poor's bond ratings as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.


	Obligations of state and political subdivisions				Corporate bonds
(in thousands)	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023		December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Aaa / AAA	$	42,161	$	42,577	$	—	$	—
Aa1 / AA+	19,399		19,457		—		—
A2 / A	—		—		30,000		30,000
Total	$	61,560	$	62,034	$	30,000	$	30,000

A summary of the amortized cost, fair value and allowance for credit losses related to securities available-for-sale as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is presented below.


Available-for-sale:	Amortized Cost 1		Gross Unrealized				Allowance for Credit Losses		Fair Value
(in thousands)			Gains		(Losses)
December 31, 2024
Securities of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
CMBS issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	$	222,862	$	154	$	(4,977)	$	—	$	218,039
CMOs issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	42,432		28		(6,321)		—		36,139
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	30,498		2		(4,840)		—		25,660
SBA-backed securities	331		—		(23)		—		308
Debentures of government- sponsored agencies	8,971		—		(1,761)		—		7,210
U.S. Treasury securities	12,020		—		(1,205)		—		10,815

Obligations of state and political subdivisions	96,178		—		(12,464)		—		83,714
Corporate bonds	6,000		—		(351)		—		5,649

Total available-for-sale	$	419,292	$	184	$	(31,942)	$	—	$	387,534
December 31, 2023
Securities of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
CMBS issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	$	160,968	$	—	$	(13,279)	$	—	$	147,689
CMOs issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	153,689		—		(17,420)		—		136,269
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	77,680		2		(9,168)		—		68,514
SBA-backed securities	21,126		—		(1,655)		—		19,471
Debentures of government- sponsored agencies	73,899		—		(7,037)		—		66,862

U.S. Treasury securities	11,923		—		(1,300)		—		10,623
Obligations of state and political subdivisions	102,202		1		(10,321)		—		91,882
Corporate bonds	11,992		—		(1,274)		—		10,718

Total available-for-sale	$	613,479	$	3	$	(61,454)	$	—	$	552,028
1 Amortized cost and fair value exclude accrued interest receivable of $1.7 million and $2.3 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which is included in interest receivable and other assets in the consolidated statements of condition.

As part of our ongoing review of our investment securities portfolio, we reassessed the classification of certain securities issued by government-sponsored agencies. In March 2022, we transferred $357.5 million of these securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity at fair value. We intend and have the ability to hold these securities to maturity. The net unrealized pre-tax loss of $14.8 million that remained and the related accumulated other comprehensive loss are accreted to interest income over the remaining lives of the securities. Because these entries offset each other, there is no impact on net income.

The amortized cost and fair value of investment debt securities by contractual maturity at December 31, 2024 and 2023 are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities if the issuers of the securities have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.


	December 31, 2024								December 31, 2023
	Held-to-Maturity				Available-for-Sale				Held-to-Maturity				Available-for-Sale
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Within one year	$	36,476	$	36,380	$	99,431	$	99,258	$	—	$	—	$	101	$	100
After one but within five years	118,590		110,857		106,986		103,058		87,887		84,541		226,669		208,444
After five years through ten years	229,040		191,328		75,429		67,940		304,976		261,654		95,552		85,447
After ten years	495,093		424,970		137,446		117,278		532,335		468,635		291,157		258,037
Total	$	879,199	$	763,535	$	419,292	$	387,534	$	925,198	$	814,830	$	613,479	$	552,028

Sales of investment securities and gross gains and losses for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 are shown in the following table.


(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Available-for-sale:
Sales proceeds	$	292,621	$	205,795	$	10,664
Gross realized gains	$	—	$	5	$	17
Gross realized losses	$	(32,541)	$	(8,705)	$	(80)




Sale of equity securities: 1
Sales proceeds	$	—	$	2,807	$	—
Gross realized gain	$	—	$	2,807	$	—

1 Refer to VISA Inc. Class B Common Stock section below for more information.

The reported values of pledged investment securities are shown in the following table (which includes both encumbered and unencumbered securities).


(in thousands)	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Pledged to the State of California:
Secure public deposits in compliance with the Local Agency Security Program	$	288,385	$	287,436
Collateral for trust deposits	1,284		666
Collateral for Wealth Management and Trust Services checking account	895		562
Total investment securities pledged to the State of California	290,564		288,664
Bankruptcy trustee deposits pledged with Federal Reserve Bank	651		1,151
Pledged to FHLB Securities-Backed Credit Program	284,148		383,484
Pledged to the Federal Reserve Discount Window	365,759		—
Pledged to the Federal Reserve "BTFP"	—		265,660
Total pledged investment securities	$	941,122	$	938,959

There were 269 and 313 securities in unrealized loss positions at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Those securities are summarized and classified according to the duration of the loss period in the tables below.


December 31, 2024	< 12 continuous months				≥ 12 continuous months				Total securities in a loss position
(in thousands)	Fair value		Unrealized loss		Fair value		Unrealized loss		Fair value		Unrealized loss
Held-to-maturity:
CMBS issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	$	—	$	—	$	208,110	$	(34,449)	$	208,110	$	(34,449)
CMOs issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	18,451		(1,623)		172,805		(16,869)		191,256		(18,492)
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	3,487		(150)		157,959		(30,792)		161,446		(30,942)
SBA-backed securities	—		—		1,452		(61)		1,452		(61)
Debentures of government-sponsored agencies	—		—		118,737		(22,694)		118,737		(22,694)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions	5,558		(44)		47,661		(8,297)		53,219		(8,341)
Corporate bonds	—		—		29,315		(685)		29,315		(685)
Total held-to-maturity	$	27,496	$	(1,817)	$	736,039	$	(113,847)	$	763,535	$	(115,664)
Available-for-sale:
CMBS issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	$	129,402	$	(343)	$	58,065	$	(4,634)	$	187,467	$	(4,977)
CMOs issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	—		—		33,749		(6,321)		33,749		(6,321)
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	7		—		25,495		(4,840)		25,502		(4,840)
SBA-backed securities	—		—		309		(23)		309		(23)
Debentures of government-sponsored agencies	—		—		7,210		(1,761)		7,210		(1,761)
U.S. Treasury securities	—		—		10,815		(1,205)		10,815		(1,205)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions	—		—		83,714		(12,464)		83,714		(12,464)
Corporate bonds	—		—		5,649		(351)		5,649		(351)


Total available-for-sale	$	129,409	$	(343)	$	225,006	$	(31,599)	$	354,415	$	(31,942)
Total securities at a loss position	$	156,905	$	(2,160)	$	961,045	$	(145,446)	$	1,117,950	$	(147,606)


December 31, 2023	< 12 continuous months				> 12 continuous months				Total securities in a loss position
(in thousands)	Fair value		Unrealized loss		Fair value		Unrealized loss		Fair value		Unrealized loss
Held-to-maturity:
CMBS issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	$	10,988	$	(244)	$	201,383	$	(34,826)	$	212,371	$	(35,070)
CMOs issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	51,136		(432)		156,515		(16,451)		207,651		(16,883)
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	—		—		181,656		(27,326)		181,656		(27,326)
SBA-backed securities	—		—		1,763		(90)		1,763		(90)
Debentures of government-sponsored agencies	—		—		124,132		(21,994)		124,132		(21,994)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions	—		—		44,437		(7,884)		44,437		(7,884)
Corporate bonds	—		—		28,804		(1,196)		28,804		(1,196)
Total held-to-maturity	$	62,124	$	(676)	$	738,690	$	(109,767)	$	800,814	$	(110,443)
Available-for-sale:
CMBS issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	$	1,235	$	(7)	$	146,454	$	(13,272)	$	147,689	$	(13,279)
CMOs issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	—		—		136,269		(17,420)		136,269		(17,420)
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA	—		—		68,237		(9,168)		68,237		(9,168)
SBA-backed securities	—		—		19,471		(1,655)		19,471		(1,655)
Debentures of government- sponsored agencies	—		—		66,862		(7,037)		66,862		(7,037)
U.S. Treasury securities	—		—		10,623		(1,300)		10,623		(1,300)
Obligations of state and political subdivisions	666		(1)		90,655		(10,320)		91,321		(10,321)
Corporate bonds	—		—		10,718		(1,274)		10,718		(1,274)
Asset-backed securities	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total available-for-sale	$	1,901	$	(8)	$	549,289	$	(61,446)	$	551,190	$	(61,454)
Total	$	64,025	$	(684)	$	1,287,979	$	(171,213)	$	1,352,004	$	(171,897)

As of December 31, 2024, the investment portfolio included 247 investment securities that had been in a continuous loss position for twelve months or more and 22 investment securities that had been in a loss position for less than twelve months.

Securities issued by government-sponsored agencies, such as FNMA and FHLMC, usually have implicit credit support from the U.S. federal government. However, since 2008, FNMA and FHLMC have been under government conservatorship and, therefore, contractual cash flows for these investments carry explicit guarantees by the U.S. federal government while FNMA and FHLMC remain under conservatorship. Securities issued by the SBA and GNMA have explicit credit guarantees by the U.S. federal government, which protects us from credit losses on the contractual cash flows of the securities.

Our investments in obligations of state and political subdivision bonds are deemed creditworthy after our comprehensive analysis of the issuers' latest financial information, credit ratings by major credit agencies, and/or credit enhancements.

No allowances for credit losses have been recognized on available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position, as management does not believe any of the securities are impaired due credit risk factors at either December 31, 2024 or 2023. In addition, for any available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Bank assessed whether it intended to sell the securities, or if it was more likely than not that it would be required to sell the securities before recovery of its amortized cost basis, which would require a write-down to fair value through net income. Because the Bank did not intend to sell those securities that were in an unrealized loss position, and it was not more-likely-than-not that the Bank would be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases, the Bank determined that no write-down was necessary as of the reporting date.

On July 7, 2023, the Bank entered into various interest rate swap agreements with notional values totaling $101.8 million to hedge balance sheet interest rate sensitivity and protect selected securities in its available-for-sale portfolio against changes in fair value related to changes in the benchmark interest rate. On November 4, 2024, the Bank terminated these contracts resulting in an adjustment to book value that will be amortized over the life of the hedged securities. For additional details, refer to Note 14, Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities.

Non-Marketable Securities Included in Other Assets

FHLB Capital Stock

As a member of the FHLB, we are required to maintain a minimum investment in FHLB capital stock as determined by the Board of Directors of the FHLB. The minimum investment requirements can increase in the event we increase our total asset size or borrowings with the FHLB. Shares cannot be purchased or sold except between the FHLB and its members at the $100 per share par value. We held $16.7 million of FHLB stock included in other assets on the consolidated statements of condition at both December 31, 2024 and 2023. The carrying amounts of these investments are reasonable estimates of fair value because the securities are restricted to member banks and do not have a readily determinable market value. Based on our analysis of FHLB’s financial condition and certain qualitative factors, we determined that the FHLB stock was not impaired at December 31, 2024 or 2023. On February 20, 2025, FHLB announced a cash dividend for the fourth quarter of 2024 at an annualized dividend rate of 8.75% to be distributed in mid-March 2025. Cash dividends paid on FHLB capital stock are recorded as non-interest income.

Visa Inc. Class B Common Stock

As a member bank of Visa U.S.A., we held 10,439 shares of Visa Inc. Class B common stock as of December 31, 2022. These shares had a carrying value of zero because they lacked a readily determinable fair value due to the restriction from resale to non-member banks of Visa U.S.A. until their conversion into Class A (voting) shares upon the termination of Visa Inc.'s Covered Litigation, and uncertainty about the conversion rate to Class A shares. On July 13, 2023, the Bank sold the entirety of its remaining investment in Visa Inc. Class B restricted common stock for a $2.8 million gain.

For further information, refer to Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies.

Low Income Housing Tax Credits

We invest in low-income housing tax credit funds as a limited partner, which totaled $1.6 million and $2.0 million recorded in other assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. In 2024, we recognized $525 thousand of low income housing tax credits and other tax benefits, offset by $438 thousand of amortization expense for low-income housing tax credit investments, as a component of income tax expense. As of December 31, 2024, our unfunded commitments for these low-income housing tax credit funds totaled $338 thousand. We did not recognize any impairment losses on these low-income housing tax credit investments during 2024 or 2023, as the value of the future tax benefits exceeds the carrying value of the investments.

Note 3: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The following table presents the amortized cost of loans by portfolio class as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Commercial and industrial	$	152,263	$	153,750
Real estate:
Commercial owner-occupied	321,962		333,181
Commercial non-owner occupied	1,273,596		1,219,385
Construction	36,970		99,164
Home equity	88,325		82,087
Other residential	143,207		118,508
Installment and other consumer loans	66,933		67,645
Total loans, at amortized cost 1	2,083,256		2,073,720
Allowance for credit losses on loans	(30,656)		(25,172)
Total loans, net of allowance for credit losses on loans	$	2,052,600	$	2,048,548

1 Amortized cost includes net deferred loan origination costs of $2.5 million and $2.7 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amounts are also net of unrecognized purchase discounts of $1.1 million and $2.0 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortized cost excludes accrued interest, which totaled $6.8 million and $6.6 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and is included in interest receivable and other assets in the consolidated statements of condition.

Lending Risks

Concentrations of Credit: Virtually all of our loans are from customers located in Northern California. Approximately 89% and 90% of total loans were secured by real estate at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, 77% and 75%, respectively, of our total loans were commercial real estate, the majority of which were secured by real estate located in Marin, Sonoma, San Francisco, Alameda, Napa, Sacramento, and Contra Costa counties (California).

Commercial and Industrial Loans: Commercial loans are generally made to established small and mid-sized businesses to provide financing for their growth and working capital needs, equipment purchases and acquisitions. Management examines historical, current, and projected cash flows to determine the ability of the borrower to repay obligations as agreed. Commercial loans are made based primarily on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral and guarantor support. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not occur as expected, and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial and industrial loans are secured by the assets being financed, such as accounts receivable and inventory, and typically include personal guarantees. We target stable businesses with guarantors who provide additional sources of repayment and have proven to be resilient in periods of economic stress. A weakened economy, and the resultant decreased consumer and/or business spending, may have an effect on the credit quality of commercial loans.

Commercial Real Estate Loans: Commercial real estate loans, which include income producing investment properties and owner-occupied real estate used for business purposes, are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial loans discussed above. We underwrite these loans to be repaid from cash flow from either the business or investment property and supported by real property collateral. Underwriting standards for commercial real estate loans include, but are not limited to, debt coverage and loan-to-value ratios. Furthermore, a large majority of our loans are guaranteed by the owners of the properties. Conditions in the real estate markets or a downturn in the general economy may adversely affect our commercial real estate loans. In the event of a vacancy, we expect guarantors to carry the loans until they find a replacement tenant. The owner's substantial equity investment provides a strong economic incentive to continue to support their commercial real estate projects. As such, we have generally experienced a relatively low level of losses and delinquencies in this portfolio.

Construction Loans: Construction loans are generally made to developers and builders to finance construction, renovation and occasionally land acquisitions in anticipation of near-term development. Construction loans include interest reserves that are used for the payment of interest during the development and marketing periods and are capitalized as part of the loan balance. When a construction loan is placed on nonaccrual status before the depletion of the interest reserve, we apply the interest funded by the interest reserve against the loan's principal

balance. These loans are underwritten after an evaluation of the borrower's financial strength, reputation, prior track record, and independent appraisals. We monitor all construction projects to determine whether they are on schedule, completed as planned and in accordance with the approved construction budgets. Significant events can affect the construction industry, including: the inherent volatility of real estate markets and vulnerability to delays due to weather, change orders, inability to obtain construction permits, labor or material shortages, and price changes. Estimates of construction costs and value associated with the completed project may be inaccurate. Repayment of construction loans is largely dependent on the ultimate success of the project.

Consumer Loans: Consumer loans primarily consist of home equity lines of credit, other residential loans, floating homes, and indirect luxury auto loans, along with a small number of installment loans. Our other residential loans include tenancy-in-common fractional interest loans ("TIC") located almost entirely in San Francisco County. We originate consumer loans utilizing credit score information, debt-to-income ratio, and loan-to-value ratio analysis. Diversification among consumer loan types, coupled with relatively small loan amounts that are spread across many individual borrowers, mitigates risk. We do not originate sub-prime residential mortgage loans, nor is it our practice to underwrite loans commonly referred to as "Alt-A mortgages," the characteristics of which are reduced documentation, borrowers with low FICO scores, or collateral with high loan-to-value ratios.

Credit Quality Indicators

We use a risk rating system to evaluate asset quality, and to identify and monitor credit risk in individual loans, and in the loan portfolio. Our definitions of “Special Mention” risk graded loans, or worse, are consistent with those used by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"). Our internally assigned grades are as follows:

Pass and Watch: Loans to borrowers of acceptable or better credit quality. Borrowers in this category demonstrate fundamentally sound financial positions, repayment capacity, credit history, and management expertise. Loans in this category must have an identifiable and stable source of repayment and meet the Bank’s policy regarding debt-service-coverage ratios. These borrowers are capable of sustaining normal economic, market or operational setbacks without significant financial consequences. Negative external industry factors are generally not present. The loan may be secured, unsecured, or supported by non-real estate collateral for which the value is more difficult to determine and/or whose marketability is more uncertain. This category also includes “Watch” loans, where the primary source of repayment has been delayed. The “Watch” risk rating is intended to be a transitional grade, with either an upgrade or downgrade within a reasonable period.

Special Mention: Potential weaknesses that deserve close attention. If left uncorrected, those potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the payment prospects for the asset. Special Mention assets do not present sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.

Substandard: Inadequately protected by either the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any. A Substandard asset has well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. Substandard assets are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if such weaknesses or deficiencies are not corrected. Well-defined weaknesses include adverse trends or developments in the borrower’s financial condition, managerial weaknesses, and/or significant collateral deficiencies.

Doubtful: Critical weaknesses that make collection or liquidation in full improbable. There may be specific pending events that work to strengthen the asset; however, the amount or timing of the loss may not be determinable. Pending events generally occur within one year of the asset being classified as Doubtful. Examples include: merger, acquisition, or liquidation; capital injection; guarantee; perfecting liens on additional collateral; and refinancing. Such loans are placed on non-accrual status and are usually collateral-dependent.

We regularly review our credits for the accuracy of risk grades whenever we receive new information and at each quarterly and year-end reporting period. Borrowers are generally required to submit financial information at regular intervals. Typically, commercial borrowers with lines of credit are required to submit financial information with reporting intervals ranging from monthly to annually depending on credit size, risk and complexity. In addition, investor commercial real estate borrowers with loans exceeding a certain dollar threshold are usually required to submit rent rolls or property income statements annually. We monitor construction loans monthly. We review home equity and other consumer loans based on delinquency. We also review loans graded “Watch” or worse, regardless of loan type, no less than quarterly.

The following tables present the loan portfolio by loan portfolio class, origination/renewal year and internal risk rating as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. The current year vintage table reflects gross charge-offs by portfolio class and year of origination. Generally, existing term loans that were re-underwritten are reflected in the table in the year of renewal. Lines of credit that have a conversion feature at the time of origination, such as construction to perm loans, are presented by year of origination.


(in thousands)	Term Loans - Amortized Cost by Origination Year												Revolving Loans Amortized Cost
December 31, 2024	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior				Total
Commercial and industrial:
Pass and Watch	$	9,951	$	20,282	$	7,742	$	1,371	$	2,650	$	27,487	$	71,212	$	140,695
Special Mention	598		—		—		—		5		221		7,286		8,110
Substandard	—		—		2,793		—		—		—		665		3,458
Total commercial and industrial	$	10,549	$	20,282	$	10,535	$	1,371	$	2,655	$	27,708	$	79,163	$	152,263
Gross current period charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(41)	$	(41)
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied:
Pass and Watch	$	14,638	$	13,386	$	43,381	$	44,536	$	41,160	$	130,197	$	169	$	287,467
Special Mention	—		378		—		18,870		804		9,499		—		29,551
Substandard	—		—		2,110		—		—		2,834		—		4,944

Total commercial real estate, owner-occupied	$	14,638	$	13,764	$	45,491	$	63,406	$	41,964	$	142,530	$	169	$	321,962

Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied:
Pass and Watch	$	119,053	$	64,906	$	162,804	$	196,661	$	179,060	$	442,574	$	9,178	$	1,174,236
Special Mention	18,343		—		2,736		2,097		729		39,888		—		63,793
Substandard	—		497		—		2,127		—		32,943		—		35,567
Total commercial real estate, non-owner occupied	$	137,396	$	65,403	$	165,540	$	200,885	$	179,789	$	515,405	$	9,178	$	1,273,596



Construction:
Pass and Watch	$	18,128	$	—	$	11,380	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	29,508
Special Mention	7,462		—		—		—		—		—		—		7,462

Total construction	$	25,590	$	—	$	11,380	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	36,970
Home equity:
Pass and Watch	$	94	$	13	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	968	$	86,337	$	87,412

Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		174		739		913
Total home equity	$	94	$	13	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,142	$	87,076	$	88,325
Other residential:
Pass and Watch	$	35,390	$	17,267	$	19,682	$	12,989	$	24,378	$	33,501	$	—	$	143,207


Total other residential	$	35,390	$	17,267	$	19,682	$	12,989	$	24,378	$	33,501	$	—	$	143,207
Installment and other consumer:
Pass and Watch	$	17,525	$	15,429	$	10,841	$	7,798	$	2,788	$	10,901	$	1,429	$	66,711

Substandard	—		—		—		207		—		15		—		222
Total installment and other consumer	$	17,525	$	15,429	$	10,841	$	8,005	$	2,788	$	10,916	$	1,429	$	66,933
Gross current period charge-offs	$	—	$	(14)	$	—	$	(39)	$	—	$	(1)	$	(4)	$	(58)
Total loans:
Pass and Watch	$	214,779	$	131,283	$	255,830	$	263,355	$	250,036	$	645,628	$	168,325	$	1,929,236
Total Special Mention	$	26,403	$	378	$	2,736	$	20,967	$	1,538	$	49,608	$	7,286	$	108,916
Total Substandard	$	—	$	497	$	4,903	$	2,334	$	—	$	35,966	$	1,404	$	45,104

Totals	$	241,182	$	132,158	$	263,469	$	286,656	$	251,574	$	731,202	$	177,015	$	2,083,256
Total gross current period charge-offs	$	—	$	(14)	$	—	$	(39)	$	—	$	(1)	$	(45)	$	(99)


(in thousands)	Term Loans - Amortized Cost by Origination Year												Revolving Loans Amortized Cost
December 31, 2023	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior				Total
Commercial and industrial:
Pass and Watch	$	25,615	$	9,187	$	2,970	$	3,718	$	15,128	$	21,004	$	62,486	$	140,108
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		334		—		9,300		9,634
Substandard	—		—		—		—		1,311		2,697		—		4,008
Total commercial and industrial	$	25,615	$	9,187	$	2,970	$	3,718	$	16,773	$	23,701	$	71,786	$	153,750
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied:
Pass and Watch	$	13,128	$	41,808	$	49,887	$	37,708	$	40,994	$	114,018	$	56	$	297,599
Special Mention	1,431		4,498		15,636		820		286		8,902		—		31,573
Substandard	—		2,231		—		—		—		1,778		—		4,009

Total commercial real estate, owner-occupied	$	14,559	$	48,537	$	65,523	$	38,528	$	41,280	$	124,698	$	56	$	333,181
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied:
Pass and Watch	$	76,718	$	172,028	$	196,340	$	150,831	$	139,860	$	368,675	$	9,832	$	1,114,284
Special Mention	—		2,790		9,498		11,776		15,708		41,602		—		81,374
Substandard	878		272		2,204		—		—		20,373		—		23,727
Total commercial real estate, non-owner occupied	$	77,596	$	175,090	$	208,042	$	162,607	$	155,568	$	430,650	$	9,832	$	1,219,385
Construction:
Pass and Watch	$	13,138	$	24,403	$	19,521	$	29,512	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	86,574
Special Mention	12,590		—		—		—		—		—		—		12,590

Total construction	$	25,728	$	24,403	$	19,521	$	29,512	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	99,164
Home equity:
Pass and Watch	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	734	$	80,773	$	81,507

Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		369		211		580
Total home equity	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,103	$	80,984	$	82,087
Other residential:
Pass and Watch	$	17,861	$	20,114	$	13,390	$	25,637	$	20,935	$	20,571	$	—	$	118,508


Total other residential	$	17,861	$	20,114	$	13,390	$	25,637	$	20,935	$	20,571	$	—	$	118,508
Installment and other consumer:
Pass and Watch	$	22,038	$	14,528	$	10,632	$	4,687	$	5,300	$	9,399	$	1,061	$	67,645


Total installment and other consumer	$	22,038	$	14,528	$	10,632	$	4,687	$	5,300	$	9,399	$	1,061	$	67,645
Total loans:
Pass and Watch	$	168,498	$	282,068	$	292,740	$	252,093	$	222,217	$	534,401	$	154,208	$	1,906,225
Total Special Mention	$	14,021	$	7,288	$	25,134	$	12,596	$	16,328	$	50,504	$	9,300	$	135,171
Total Substandard	$	878	$	2,503	$	2,204	$	—	$	1,311	$	25,217	$	211	$	32,324

Totals	$	183,397	$	291,859	$	320,078	$	264,689	$	239,856	$	610,122	$	163,719	$	2,073,720

The following table shows the amortized cost of loans by portfolio class, payment aging and non-accrual status as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.


Loan Aging Analysis by Portfolio Class
(in thousands)	Commercial and industrial		Commercial real estate, owner-occupied		Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied		Construction		Home equity		Other residential		Installment and other consumer		Total
December 31, 2024
30-59 days past due	$	203	$	208	$	718	$	—	$	738	$	—	$	415	$	2,282
60-89 days past due	—		559		—		—		186		—		7		752
90 days or more past due 1	2,793		113		10,742		—		248		—		8		13,904
Total past due	2,996		880		11,460		—		1,172		—		430		16,938
Current	149,267		321,082		1,262,136		36,970		87,153		143,207		66,503		2,066,318
Total loans 1	$	152,263	$	321,962	$	1,273,596	$	36,970	$	88,325	$	143,207	$	66,933	$	2,083,256
Non-accrual loans 2	$	2,845	$	1,537	$	28,525	$	—	$	752	$	—	$	222	$	33,881
Non-accrual loans with no allowance	$	—	$	1,537	$	497	$	—	$	752	$	—	$	207	$	2,993
December 31, 2023
30-59 days past due	$	2,991	$	618	$	—	$	—	$	43	$	83	$	195	$	3,930
60-89 days past due	69		—		2,204		—		—		—		1		2,274
90 days or more past due 1	1,311		149		—		—		—		—		—		1,460
Total past due	4,371		767		2,204		—		43		83		196		7,664
Current	149,379		332,414		1,217,181		99,164		82,044		118,425		67,449		2,066,056
Total loans 1	$	153,750	$	333,181	$	1,219,385	$	99,164	$	82,087	$	118,508	$	67,645	$	2,073,720
Non-accrual loans 2	$	4,008	$	434	$	3,081	$	—	$	469	$	—	$	—	$	7,992
Non-accrual loans with no allowance	$	1,311	$	434	$	877	$	—	$	469	$	—	$	—	$	3,091

1 There were no non-performing loans past due more than ninety days and accruing interest at December 31, 2024 and 2023.

2 None of the non-accrual loans as of December 31, 2024 or 2023 were earning interest on a cash basis. We recognized no interest income on non-accrual loans in 2024, 2023, or 2022. Accrued interest of $530 thousand, $206 thousand, and $48 thousand was reversed from interest income for the loans that were placed on non-accrual status in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Collateral Dependent Loans

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of individually analyzed collateral-dependent loans, which were all on non-accrual status, by portfolio class and collateral type as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.


	Amortized Cost by Collateral Type
(in thousands)	Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Other		Total1		Allowance for Credit Losses
December 31, 2024
Commercial and industrial	$	52	$	—	$	—	$	52	$	52
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied	1,537		—		—		1,537		—
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied	28,525		—		—		28,525		7,933

Home equity	—		752		—		752		—

Installment and other consumer	—				222		222		15
Total	$	30,114	$	752	$	222	$	31,088	$	8,000
December 31, 2023
Commercial and industrial	$	1,311	$	—	$	—	$	1,311	$	—
Commercial real estate, owner-occupied	434		—		—		434		—
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied	3,081		—		—		3,081		408

Home equity	—		469		—		469		—


Total	$	4,826	$	469	$	—	$	5,295	$	408

1There were no collateral-dependent residential real estate mortgage loans in process of foreclosure or in substance repossessed at December 31, 2024 and 2023.

The weighted average loan-to-value of collateral-dependent loans was approximately 115% and 70% at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

The following table summarizes the amortized cost of loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, by portfolio class and type of modification granted.


(in thousands)	Term Extension		Total Modifications		Percent of Portfolio Class Total
December 31, 2024




Home equity	$	188	$	188	0.2	%


Total	$	188	$	188
December 31, 2023

Commercial owner-occupied	$	1,431	$	1,431	0.4	%
Commercial non-owner occupied	878		878		0.1	%




Total	$	2,309	$	2,309

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no unfunded loan commitments for loans that were modified during the periods presented.

The following table summarizes the financial effect of loan modifications presented in the table above during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 by portfolio class.


(in thousands)									Weighted-Average Term Extension (in years)
Year ended December 31, 2024




Home equity									6.6


Year ended December 31, 2023

Commercial owner-occupied									2.3
Commercial non-owner occupied									0.5

The loan modifications did not significantly impact the determination of the allowance for credit losses on loans during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

The Bank closely monitors the performance of the modified loans to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table summarizes the amortized cost and payment status of loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 that were modified during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, by portfolio class.


(in thousands)	Current		30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total		Non-Accrual
December 31, 2024




Home equity	$	188	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	188	$	113


Total	$	188	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	188	$	113
December 31, 2023

Commercial owner-occupied	$	1,431	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,431	$	—
Commercial non-owner occupied	878		—		—		—		878		878




Total	$	2,309	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	2,309	$	878

There were no loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified within the previous twelve months that had subsequently defaulted (i.e., fully or partially charged-off or became 90 days or more past due).

Allocation of the Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The following table presents the details of the allowance for credit losses on loans segregated by loan portfolio class as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.


Allocation of the Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
(in thousands)	Commercial and industrial		Commercial real estate, owner-occupied		Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied		Construction		Home equity		Other residential		Installment and other consumer		Unallocated		Total
December 31, 2024
Modeled expected credit losses	$	759	$	1,241	$	7,632	$	41	$	620	$	1,133	$	625	$	—	$	12,051
Qualitative adjustments	672		1,120		6,528		597		64		8		268		1,255		10,512
Specific allocations	145		—		7,933		—		—		—		15		—		8,093
Total	$	1,576	$	2,361	$	22,093	$	638	$	684	$	1,141	$	908	$	1,255	$	30,656
December 31, 2023
Modeled expected credit losses	$	897	$	1,270	$	7,380	$	185	$	482	$	619	$	634	$	—	$	11,467
Qualitative adjustments	622		1,205		6,327		1,647		70		33		342		2,038		12,284
Specific allocations	193		1		1,226		—		—		1		—		—		1,421
Total	$	1,712	$	2,476	$	14,933	$	1,832	$	552	$	653	$	976	$	2,038	$	25,172

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans Rollforward

The following table discloses activity in the allowance for credit losses for the periods presented.


Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans Rollforward
(in thousands)	Commercial and industrial		Commercial real estate, owner-occupied		Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied		Construction		Home equity		Other residential		Installment and other consumer		Unallocated		Total
Year ended December 31, 2024
Beginning balance	$	1,712	$	2,476	$	14,933	$	1,832	$	552	$	653	$	976	$	2,038	$	25,172
(Reversal) provision	(116)		(115)		7,152		(1,194)		132		488		(14)		(783)		5,550
(Charge-offs)	(41)		—		—		—		—		—		(58)		—		(99)
Recoveries	21		—		8		—		—		—		4		—		33
Ending balance	$	1,576	$	2,361	$	22,093	$	638	$	684	$	1,141	$	908	$	1,255	$	30,656
Year ended December 31, 2023
Beginning balance	$	1,794	$	2,487	$	12,676	$	1,937	$	558	$	595	$	868	$	2,068	22,983
(Reversal) provision	(100)		395		2,257		(130)		(6)		58		131		(30)		2,575
(Charge-offs)	(11)		(406)		—		—		—		—		(24)		—		(441)
Recoveries	29		—		—		25		—		—		1		—		55
Ending balance	$	1,712	$	2,476	$	14,933	$	1,832	$	552	$	653	$	976	$	2,038	$	25,172
Year ended December 31, 2022
Beginning balance	$	1,709	$	2,776	$	12,739	$	1,653	$	595	$	644	$	621	$	2,286	$	23,023
Provision (reversal)	72		(289)		(63)		251		(37)		(49)		270		(218)		(63)
(Charge-offs)	(9)		—		—		—		—		—		(23)		—		(32)
Recoveries	22		—		—		33		—		—		—		—		55
Ending balance	$	1,794	$	2,487	$	12,676	$	1,937	$	558	$	595	$	868	$	2,068	$	22,983

Pledged Loans

Our FHLB line of credit is secured under terms of a blanket collateral agreement by a pledge of certain qualifying loans with unpaid principal balances of $1.351 billion and $1.288 billion at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. In addition, we pledged eligible TIC loans, which totaled $110.0 million and $110.4 million at

December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, to secure our borrowing capacity with the Federal Reserve Bank ("FRB"). For additional information, see Note 7, Borrowings.

Related Party Loans

The Bank has, and expects to have in the future, banking transactions in the ordinary course of its business with directors, officers, principal shareholders and their businesses or associates. These transactions, including loans, are granted on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral on loans, as those prevailing at the same time for comparable transactions with persons not related to us. Likewise, these transactions do not involve more than the normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features.

The following table shows changes in net loans to related parties for each of the three years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.


(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Balance at beginning of year	$	5,832	$	6,445	$	7,942
Additions	1,425		—		1,525

Repayments	(3,125)		(613)		(364)
Reclassified due to a change in borrower status	—		—		(2,658)
Balance at end of year	$	4,132	$	5,832	$	6,445

Undisbursed commitments to related parties totaled $211 thousand and $212 thousand as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Note 4: Bank Premises and Equipment

A summary of bank premises and equipment follows:


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Leasehold improvements	$	16,762	$	16,578
Furniture and equipment	10,544		11,336
Buildings	1,261		1,248
Land	1,170		1,170
Finance lease right-of-use assets 1	616		608
Subtotal	30,353		30,940
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(23,521)		(23,148)
Bank premises and equipment, net	$	6,832	$	7,792
1 See Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, for more information.

The amount of depreciation and amortization totaled $1.5 million, $2.1 million, and $1.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Note 5: Bank Owned Life Insurance

We own life insurance policies on the lives of certain current and former officers designated by the Board of Directors to fund our employee benefit programs. Death benefits, including gross amounts under split dollar agreements, were estimated to be $133.5 million as of December 31, 2024. Generally, under split dollar agreements, the benefits to the employees' beneficiaries are limited to each employee's active service period. The investments in BOLI policies are reported at their cash surrender value, net of surrender charges, of $71.0 million and $68.1 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The cash surrender value includes both the original premiums paid for the life insurance policies and the accumulated accretion of policy income since the inception of the policies, net of mortality costs and other fees. Earnings on BOLI totaled $1.7 million, $1.8 million and $1.2 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These earnings included death benefit proceeds in excess of the cash surrender values of the BOLI policies of $313 thousand in 2023 and $86 thousand in 2022. There were no death benefit proceeds in 2024. We regularly monitor the financial information and credit ratings of our insurance carriers to ensure that they are creditworthy and comply with our policy.

Note 6: Deposits

A stratification of time deposits is presented in the following table:


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Time deposits of less than or equal to $250 thousand	$	134,068	$	145,697
Time deposits of more than $250 thousand	108,309		105,620
Total time deposits	$	242,377	$	251,317

Interest on time deposits was $9.3 million, $4.7 million and $323 thousand in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Scheduled maturities of time deposits at December 31, 2024 are as follows:


(in thousands)	2025		2026		2027		2028		2029		Thereafter		Total
Scheduled time deposit maturities	$	230,203	$	6,188	$	2,805	$	2,319	$	862	$	—	$	242,377

As of December 31, 2024, $288.4 million in securities were pledged as collateral for our local agency deposits.

The aggregate amount of deposit overdrafts that have been reclassified as loan balances was $393 thousand and $320 thousand at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The Bank accepts deposits from shareholders, members of the board of directors, and employees in the normal course of business, and the terms are comparable to those with non-affiliated parties. The total deposits from board directors and their businesses, and executive officers were $18.0 million and $23.6 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Note 7: Borrowings and Other Obligations

Federal Home Loan Bank: The Bank had lines of credit with the FHLB totaling $948.1 million and $1.009 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, based on the eligible collateral of certain loans and investment securities.

Federal Funds Lines of Credit: The Bank had unsecured lines of credit with correspondent banks for overnight borrowings totaling $125.0 million and $135.0 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. In general, interest rates on these lines approximate the federal funds target rate.

Federal Reserve Bank: The Bank had a line of credit through the Discount Window at the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco ("FRBSF") totaling $358.0 million as of December 31, 2024, secured by investment securities and residential loans. As of December 31, 2023, the Bank had a line of credit through the Discount Window totaling $64.0 million, secured by residential loans, and a $270.2 million line under the Federal Reserve's temporary Bank Term Funding Program ("BTFP") based on the par values of pledged investment securities. When the BTFP program ended on March 11, 2024, the investment securities were reallocated to our borrowing facility through the Discount Window.

Other Obligations: Finance lease liabilities totaling $154 thousand and $298 thousand at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, are included in borrowings and other obligations in the Consolidated Statements of Condition. Refer to Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies, for additional information.

The carrying values, average balances and average rates on borrowings and other obligations as of and for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 are summarized in the following table.


	2024						2023						2022
(dollars in thousands)	Carrying Value		Average Balance		Average Rate		Carrying Value		Average Balance		Average Rate		Carrying Value		Average Balance		Average Rate
FHLB short-term borrowings	$	—	$	119	5.52	%	$	—	$	164,299	5.10	%	$	112,000	$	1,921	4.48	%
FHLB fixed-rate advances	—		—		—	%	—		—		—	%	—		—		—	%
Federal funds lines of credit	—		—		—	%	—		—		—	%	—		—		—	%
FRBSF advances - Discount Window	—		2,680		5.42	%	—		—		—	%	—		—		—	%
FRBSF short-term borrowings under the BTFP	—		1,607		5.00	%	26,000		56,959		5.30	%	—		—		—	%
Other obligations (finance leases)	154		222		2.23	%	298		$	364	1.88	%	439		374		0.65	%
Total borrowings and other obligations	$	154	$	4,628	5.13	%	$	26,298	$	221,623	5.15	%	$	112,439	$	2,295	3.90	%

Note 8: Stockholders' Equity and Stock Plans

Share-Based Awards

The 2020 Director Stock Plan (the "Plan") provides for the payment of director fees in common shares of Bancorp's common stock not to exceed 250,000 shares and a way for directors to purchase shares at fair market value. During 2024, 2023 and 2022 we issued 27,287, 18,362 and 10,145 shares of common stock, respectively, for director payments. As of December 31, 2024, 182,355 shares were available for future director fees and purchases.

The 2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") gives our employees an opportunity to purchase Bancorp's common shares through payroll deductions of between one and fifteen percent of their pay. Shares are purchased quarterly at a five percent discount from the closing market price on the last day of the quarter. As of December 31, 2024, 370,739 shares were available for future purchases under the ESPP.

Under the 2017 Equity Plan, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors has the discretion to determine, among other things, which employees, advisors and non-employee directors will receive share-based awards, the number and timing of awards, the vesting schedule for each award, and the type of award to be granted. As of December 31, 2024, there were 742,785 shares available for future grants to employees, advisors and non-employee directors. Options are issued at an exercise price equal to the fair value of the stock at the date of grant. Options granted to officers and employees generally vest by one-third on each anniversary of the grant for three years and expire ten years from the grant date. Options granted to non-employee directors vest immediately and expire ten years from the grant date. Stock options and restricted stock may be net settled in a cashless exercise by a reduction in the number of shares otherwise deliverable upon exercise or vesting in satisfaction of the exercise payment and/or applicable tax withholding requirements. Shares withheld under net settlement arrangements are available for future grants. The table below depicts the total number of shares, amount, and weighted average price withheld for cashless exercises in each of the respective years.


	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Number of shares withheld	3,798		3,132		11,505
Total amount withheld (in thousands)	$	64	$	86	$	393
Weighted-average price	$	16.89	$	27.57	$	34.13

Performance-based stock awards (restricted stock) are issued to a selected group of employees under the 2017 Equity Plan. Stock award vesting is contingent upon the achievement of pre-established long-term performance goals set by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Performance is measured over a three-year period and cliff vested. These performance-based stock awards were granted at a maximum opportunity level, and based on the achievement of the pre-established goals, the actual payouts can range from 0% to 200% of the target award. For performance-based stock awards, an estimate is made of the number of shares expected to vest based on the probability that the performance criteria will be met to determine the amount of compensation expense to be recognized. The estimate is re-evaluated quarterly, and total compensation expense is adjusted for any change in the current period.

A summary of stock option activity for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 is presented in the following table. The intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable is calculated as the number of in-the-money options times the difference between the market price of our stock and the exercise prices of the in-the-money options as of each year-end period presented.


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)		Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
Options outstanding at December 31, 2021	365,381	$	31.97	$	2,326		5.57
Granted	39,094	34.16				8.49
Cancelled, expired or forfeited	(23,760)	37.48
Exercised	(51,010)	23.01		617
Options outstanding at December 31, 2022	329,705	33.22		813			5.59
Exercisable (vested) at December 31, 2022	287,228	32.81		813			5.15
Options outstanding at December 31, 2022	329,705	33.22		813			5.59
Granted	10,040	32.54				8.49
Cancelled, expired or forfeited	(23,804)	35.06
Exercised	(12,164)	20.25		88
Options outstanding at December 31, 2023	303,777	33.22		1			4.86
Exercisable (vested) at December 31, 2023	283,578	33.46		1			4.65
Options outstanding at December 31, 2023	303,777	33.22		1			4.86

Cancelled, expired or forfeited	(25,594)	29.81

Options outstanding at December 31, 2024	278,183	33.92		2			3.93
Exercisable (vested) at December 31, 2024	273,242	33.92		2			3.87

A summary of the options outstanding and exercisable by price range as of December 31, 2024 is presented in the following table:


	Stock Options Outstanding as of December 31, 2024				Stock Options Exercisable as of December 31, 2024
Range of Exercise Prices	Stock Options Outstanding	Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Stock Options Exercisable	Weighted Average Exercise Price

$10.00 - $20.00	402	2.1	$	19.96	402	$	19.96
$20.01 - $30.00	60,840	0.8	24.98		60,840	24.98
$30.01 - $40.00	159,433	4.9	34.41		154,492	34.42
$40.01 - $50.00	57,508	4.6	42.12		57,508	42.12
	278,183				273,242

The following table summarizes non-vested restricted stock awards and changes during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022.


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Non-vested awards at December 31, 2021	61,830	$	40.25
Granted	46,672	34.03
Vested	(12,444)	41.49
Cancelled or forfeited	(13,692)	41.8
Non-vested awards at December 31, 2022	82,366	36.28
Granted	61,978	27.10
Vested	(15,768)	36.24
Cancelled or forfeited	(21,024)	36.86
Non-vested awards at December 31, 2023	107,552	30.88
Granted	106,964	16.61
Vested	(20,832)	31.76
Cancelled or forfeited	(42,396)	26.97
Non-vested awards at December 31, 2024	151,288	21.77

We determine the fair value of stock options at the grant date using the Black-Scholes pricing model that takes into account the stock price at the grant date, exercise price, and the following assumptions (weighted-average shown). There were no options granted in the year 2024.


	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023		2022
Risk-free interest rate	N/A	3.94	%	1.86	%
Expected dividend yield on common stock	N/A	3.07	%	2.85	%
Expected life in years	N/A	5.0		6.0
Expected price volatility	N/A	34.68	%	33.44	%

The fair value of stock options as of the grant date is recorded as stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period, with a corresponding increase in common stock. Stock-based compensation also includes compensation expense related to the issuance of restricted stock awards. The grant-date fair value of the restricted stock awards, which equals the grant date price, is recorded as compensation expense over the requisite service period with a corresponding increase in common stock as the shares vest. Stock options and restricted stock awards issued include a retirement eligibility clause whereby the requisite service period is satisfied at the retirement eligibility date. For those awards, we accelerate the recording of stock-based compensation when the award holder is eligible to retire. However, retirement eligibility does not affect the vesting of restricted stock or the exercisability of the stock options, which are based on the scheduled vesting period. Total compensation expense for stock options and restricted stock awards was $622 thousand, $522 thousand, and $962 thousand during 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, and the total recognized deferred tax benefits related thereto were $206 thousand, $146 thousand, and $257 thousand, respectively.

As of December 31, 2024, there was $800 thousand of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock options and restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.2 years. The total grant-date fair value of stock options vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $100 thousand, $255 thousand, and $356 thousand, respectively. The total grant-date fair value of restricted stock awards vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $355 thousand, $428 thousand, and $431 thousand, respectively.

We record excess tax benefits (deficiencies) resulting from the exercise of non-qualified stock options, the disqualifying disposition of incentive stock options and vesting of restricted stock awards as income tax benefits (expense) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), with a corresponding decrease (increase) to current taxes payable. In 2023 and 2022 we recognized $2 thousand and $3 thousand, respectively, in excess tax benefits recorded as a reduction to income tax expense related to these types of transactions while in 2024 we recognized none. The tax benefits realized from disqualifying dispositions of incentive stock options were recognized in tax expense to the extent of the book compensation cost recorded.

Dividends

Presented below is a summary of cash dividends paid in the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 to common shareholders, recorded as a reduction from retained earnings. On January 23, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a $0.25 per share cash dividend, paid on February 13, 2025 to the shareholders of record at the close of business on February 6, 2025.


	Years ended December 31,
(in thousands except per share data)	2024		2023		2022
Cash dividends to common stockholders	$	16,197	$	16,106	$	15,673
Cash dividends per common share	$	1.00	$	1.00	$	0.98

Holders of unvested restricted stock awards are entitled to dividends at the same per-share ratio as holders of common stock. Tax benefits for dividends paid on unvested restricted stock awards are recorded as tax benefits in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) with a corresponding decrease to current taxes payable. Dividends on forfeited awards are included in stock-based compensation expense.

Under the California Corporations Code, payment of dividends by Bancorp to its shareholders is restricted to the amount of retained earnings immediately prior to the distribution or the amount of assets that exceeds the total liabilities immediately after the distribution. As of December 31, 2024, Bancorp's retained earnings and total assets that exceeded total liabilities were $250.0 million and $435.4 million, respectively.

Under the California Financial Code, payment of dividends by the Bank to Bancorp generally is restricted to the lesser of retained earnings or the amount of undistributed net profits of the Bank from the three most recent fiscal years. Under this restriction, approximately $717 thousand of the Bank's retained earnings balance was available for payment of dividends to Bancorp as of December 31, 2024. Dividends in excess of that amount may be paid with prior approval of the DFPI. Bancorp held $10.3 million in cash as of December 31, 2024.

Share Repurchase Program

In 2022, Bancorp repurchased 23,275 shares totaling $877 thousand in the share repurchase plan approved by the Bancorp's Board of Directors on July 16, 2021, amended October 22, 2021.

On July 21, 2023, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of Bancorp's new share repurchase program, which replaced the existing program that expired on July 31, 2023, for up to $25.0 million and expiring on July 31, 2025. Under this new program, Bancorp repurchased 220,000 shares totaling $4.3 million at an average price of $19.21 per share in the year ended December 31, 2024, and made no repurchases under this program in the year ended December 31, 2023. Bancorp will continue to assess opportunities to utilize the program.

Under the share repurchase program, Bancorp may purchase shares of its common stock through various means, such as open market transactions, including block purchases, and privately negotiated transactions. The number of shares repurchased and the timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases will be determined at Bancorp's discretion. Factors include, but are not limited to, stock price, trading volume and general market conditions, along with Bancorp’s general business conditions. The program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and does not obligate Bancorp to acquire any specific number of shares of its common stock.

As part of the share repurchase program, Bancorp entered into a trading plan adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The 10b5-1 trading plan permits common stock to be repurchased at times that might otherwise be prohibited under insider trading laws or self-imposed trading restrictions. The 10b5-1 trading plan is administered by an independent broker and is subject to price, market volume and timing restrictions.

Note 9: Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities

Fair Value Hierarchy and Fair Value Measurement

We group our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value into three levels within the fair value hierarchy, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

Level 1: Valuations are based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Valuations are based on quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-based valuations for which all significant assumptions are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Valuations are based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Values are determined using pricing models and discounted cash flow models and may include significant management judgment and estimation.

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recognized through our monthly and/or quarterly valuation process in the reporting period during which the event or circumstances that caused the transfer occurred. No such transfers occurred in the years presented.

The following table summarizes our assets and liabilities that were required to be recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.


(in thousands) Description of Financial Instruments	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Measurement Categories: Changes in Fair Value Recorded In1
December 31, 2024
Securities available for sale:
Commercial mortgage-back securities, mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. government-sponsored agencies	$	279,838	$	—	$	279,838	$	—	OCI
SBA-backed securities	$	308	$	—	$	308	$	—	OCI
Debentures of government sponsored agencies	$	7,210	$	—	$	7,210	$	—	OCI
U.S. Treasury securities	$	10,815	$	10,815	$	—	$	—	OCI

Obligations of state and political subdivisions	$	83,714	$	—	$	83,714	$	—	OCI
Corporate bonds	$	5,649	$	—	$	5,649	$	—	OCI

Derivative financial assets (interest rate contracts)	$	333	$	—	$	333	$	—	NI

December 31, 2023
Securities available for sale:
Commercial mortgage-back securities, mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by U.S. government-sponsored agencies	$	352,472	$	—	$	352,472	$	—	OCI
SBA-backed securities	$	19,471	$	—	$	19,471	$	—	OCI
Debentures of government sponsored agencies	$	66,862	$	—	$	66,862	$	—	OCI
U.S. Treasury securities	$	10,623	$	10,623	$	—	$	—	OCI

Obligations of state and political subdivisions	$	91,882	$	—	$	91,882	$	—	OCI
Corporate bonds	$	10,718	$	—	$	10,718	$	—	OCI

Derivative financial assets (interest rate contracts)	$	287	$	—	$	287	$	—	NI
Derivative financial liabilities (interest rate contracts)	$	1,361	$	—	$	1,361	$	—	NI

1Other comprehensive income (loss) ("OCI") or net income ("NI").

Available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. When available, quoted market prices (Level 1) are used to determine the fair value of available-for-sale securities. Level 1 securities include U.S. Treasury securities. If quoted market prices are not available, we obtain pricing information from a reputable third-

party service provider, who may utilize valuation techniques that use current market-based or independently sourced parameters, such as bid/ask prices, dealer-quoted prices, interest rates, benchmark yield curves, prepayment speeds, probability of default, loss severity and credit spreads (Level 2). Level 2 securities include asset-backed securities, obligations of state and political subdivisions, U.S. agencies or government-sponsored agencies' debt securities, mortgage-backed securities, government agency-issued securities, and corporate bonds. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no Level 3 securities.

Held-to-maturity securities may be subject to an allowance for credit losses as a result of our evaluation of expected losses due to credit quality factors. We did not record any credit loss expense on held-to-maturity securities during 2024 or 2023. Fair value of held-to-maturity securities is determined using the same techniques discussed above for available-for-sale securities.

On a recurring basis, derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value, which is based on the income approach using observable Level 2 market inputs, reflecting market expectations of future interest rates as of the measurement date. Standard valuation techniques are used to calculate the present value of the future expected cash flows assuming an orderly transaction. Valuation adjustments may be made to reflect both our own credit risk and the counterparties’ credit risk in determining the fair value of the derivatives. These unobservable inputs are not considered significant inputs to the fair value measurement overall. Level 2 inputs for the valuations are limited to observable market prices for Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") and Overnight Index Swap ("OIS") rates (for the very short term), quoted prices for SOFR futures contracts, observable market prices for SOFR and OIS swap rates, and one-month and three-month SOFR basis spreads at commonly quoted intervals. Mid-market pricing of the inputs is used as a practical expedient in fair value measurements. We project spot rates at reset days specified by each swap contract to determine future cash flows, then discount to present value using OIS curves as of the measurement date. When the value of any collateral placed with counterparties is less than the interest rate derivative liability, a credit valuation adjustment ("CVA") is applied to reflect the credit risk we pose to counterparties. We have used the spread between the Standard & Poor's BBB rated U.S. Bank Composite rate and SOFR for the closest maturity term corresponding to the duration of the swaps to derive the CVA. Because there is little to no counterparty risk, we did not incorporate credit adjustments from our assessment of the counterparty credit risk in determining fair value. For further discussion on our methodology for valuing our derivative financial instruments, refer to Note 9, Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities.

Certain financial assets may be measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These assets are subject to fair value adjustments that result from the application of the lower of cost or fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets, such as individually analyzed loans that are collateral dependent and other real estate owned ("OREO").

OREO is classified as Level 3 and represents collateral acquired through foreclosure and is initially recorded at fair value as established by a current appraisal of the collateral. Subsequent to foreclosure, OREO is carried at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated costs to sell. On July 12, 2023, the Bank completed the sale of its only OREO property for the periods presented.

(in thousands)

Carrying Value

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The table below is a summary of fair value estimates for financial instruments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, excluding financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis (summarized in the first table in this note). The carrying amounts in the following table are recorded in the consolidated statements of condition under the indicated captions. Further, we have not disclosed the fair value of financial instruments specifically excluded from disclosure requirements such as bank-owned life insurance policies ("BOLI"), lease obligations and non-maturity deposit liabilities. Additionally, we held shares of Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") of San Francisco stock at cost as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and Visa Inc. Class B common stock with no carrying value as of December 31, 2023, which was sold entirely in July of 2023. There were no impairments or changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investments of the same issuer as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. See further discussion on values within Note 2, Investment Securities, above.


	December 31, 2024					December 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Carrying Amounts		Fair Value		Fair Value Hierarchy	Carrying Amounts		Fair Value		Fair Value Hierarchy
Financial assets (recorded at amortized cost)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	137,304	$	137,304	Level 1	$	30,453	$	30,453	Level 1
Investment securities held-to-maturity	879,199		763,535		Level 2	925,198		814,830		Level 2
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses	2,052,600		1,965,429		Level 3	2,048,548		1,939,702		Level 3
Interest receivable	11,934		11,934		Level 2	12,752		12,752		Level 2
Financial liabilities (recorded at amortized cost)
Time deposits	242,377		243,773		Level 2	251,317		252,824		Level 2

FRBSF short-term borrowings under the BTFP	—		—		Level 2	26,000		25,998		Level 2

Interest payable	3,019		3,019		Level 2	2,752		2,752		Level 2

The fair value of loans is based on exit price techniques and obtained from an independent third-party that uses its proprietary valuation model and methodology and may differ from the actual price from a prospective buyer. The discounted cash flow valuation approach reflects key inputs and assumptions that are unobservable, such as loan probability of default, loss given default, prepayment speed, and market discount rates.

The fair value of fixed-rate time deposits is estimated by discounting future contractual cash flows using discount rates that reflect the current observable market rates offered for time deposits of similar remaining maturities.

The value of off-balance-sheet financial instruments is estimated based on the fee income associated with the commitments, which, in the absence of credit exposure, is considered to approximate their settlement value. The fair value of commitment fees was not material as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Note 10: Benefit Plans

Deferred Compensation Plans

We established the Bank of Marin Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, which allows certain key management personnel designated by the Board of Directors of the Bank to defer up to 80% of their salary and 100% of their annual bonus. In addition, we assumed deferred compensation plans for certain members of management and non-employee directors as part of an acquisition in 2021. In 2021, we established a similar Deferred Director Fee Plan, which allows members of the Board of Directors to defer the cash portion of their director compensation. Amounts deferred earn interest equal to the prime rate, as published in the Wall Street Journal, on the first business day of each year, which was 8.5% on January 1, 2024, and 7.5% on January 1, 2023. Benefit payments will generally commence upon separation from service at or after normal retirement age, as elected by the participant.

Our deferred compensation obligations under these plans totaled $6.0 million and $6.6 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and are included in interest payable and other liabilities.

401(k) Defined Contribution Plan

Our 401(k) Defined Contribution Plan (“401(k) Plan”) is available to all regular employees at least eighteen years of age who complete ninety days of service, and participate in the plan beginning on the first day of the calendar quarter that immediately follows the date the participant meets the age and service requirements. Under the 401(k) Plan, employees can defer between 1% and 50% of their eligible compensation, up to the maximum amount allowed by the Internal Revenue Code. The Bank provides an employer-match of 70% of each participant's contribution, with a maximum of $5 thousand per participant per year. Employer matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan vest at a rate of 20% per year over five years. Employer contributions totaled $875 thousand, $871 thousand and $949 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and are recorded in salaries and employee benefits expense.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

Our Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) is available to all employees under the same eligibility criteria as the 401(k) Plan; however, employee contributions are not permitted. The Board of Directors determines a specific

portion of the Bank's profits to be contributed to the ESOP each year either in common stock or in cash for the purchase of Bancorp stock to be allocated to all eligible employees based on a percentage of their salaries, regardless of whether an employee participates in the 401(k) Plan. For all participants, employer contributions vest over a five-year service period. After five years of service, all future employer contributions vest immediately.

Bancorp issued shares of common stock and contributed them to the ESOP totaling $1.1 million in 2024, $1.3 million in 2023 and $1.2 million in 2022, based on the quoted market price on the date of contribution. Cash dividends paid on Bancorp stock held by the ESOP are used to purchase additional shares in the open market. All shares of Bancorp stock held by the ESOP are included in the calculations of basic and diluted earnings per share. The Company's contributions to the ESOP are included in salaries and benefits expense.

Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans

Supplemental executive retirement plans ("SERPs") have been established for a select group of executive management who, upon retirement, will receive 25% of their estimated salary as salary continuation benefit payments that are fixed between five to fifteen years, depending on the executives' service period. Each participant is required to participate in the plan for five years before vesting begins. After five years, the participant vests ratably in the benefit over the remaining service period until age 65. As part of previous acquisitions, we assumed SERPs for certain former executive officers and directors. These plans are unfunded and nonqualified for tax purposes and for purposes of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.

At December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, our total liability under the SERPs was $4.6 million and $4.5 million recorded in interest payable and other liabilities.

Note 11: Income Taxes

The current and deferred components of the income tax provision for each of the three years ended December 31 are as follows:


(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Current tax(benefit) provision
Federal	$	(214)	$	3,234	$	10,670
State	(60)		2,823		6,687
Total current tax (benefit) provision	(274)		6,057		17,357
Deferred tax (benefit) provision
Federal	(3,520)		319		(441)
State	(1,632)		(235)		7
Total deferred tax (benefit) provision	(5,152)		84		(434)
Total income tax (benefit) provision	$	(5,426)	$	6,141	$	16,923

The following table shows the tax effect of our cumulative temporary differences as of December 31:


(in thousands)	2024		2023
Deferred tax assets:
Net unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale	$	12,624	$	22,241
Allowance for credit losses on loans and unfunded loan commitments	9,327		7,775
Operating and finance lease liabilities	6,404		6,860
Deferred compensation and salary continuation plans	3,137		3,289
Net operating loss carryforwards	4,353		1,136
Accrued but unpaid expenses	1,644		1,709
Stock-based compensation	643		632
Interest received on non-accrual loans	639		44
Fair value adjustment on acquired loans	396		695


Depreciation and disposals on premises and equipment	81		179
State franchise tax	—		593
Other	269		30
Total gross deferred tax assets	39,517		45,183
Deferred tax liabilities:
Operating and finance lease right-of-use assets	(5,669)		(6,092)
Deferred loan origination costs and fees	(1,685)		(1,435)
Core deposit intangible assets	(825)		(1,113)


Purchase accounting adjustments	(488)		(1,248)
Other	(245)		(226)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	(8,912)		(10,114)
Net deferred tax assets	$	30,605	$	35,069

As of December 31, 2024, the Bank had net operating loss carryforwards ("NOLs") for federal income tax purposes of $12.5 million. This NOL is carried forward indefinitely but is limited to 80% of taxable income. In addition, as of December 31, 2024, the Bank had California net operating loss carryforwards of $20.3 million. If not fully utilized, the California NOLs will begin to expire in 2032. Based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods during which the deferred tax assets are expected to be deductible, management believes it is more likely than not that we will realize the benefit of the remaining deferred tax assets. Accordingly, no valuation allowance has been established as of December 31, 2024 or 2023.

The effective tax rate for 2024, 2023 and 2022 differs from the current federal statutory income tax rate as follows:


	2024		2023		2022
Federal statutory income tax rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
Increase (decrease) due to:
California franchise tax, net of federal tax benefit	9.7	%	7.9	%	8.3	%

Tax exempt interest on municipal securities and loans	4.9	%	(3.1)	%	(1.9)	%
Tax exempt earnings on bank owned life insurance	2.6	%	(1.5)	%	(0.4)	%
Non-deductible acquisition related expenses	—	%	—	%	—	%
Non-deductible executive compensation	—	%	—	%	—	%


Other	1.0	%	(0.7)	%	(0.4)	%
Effective Tax Rate	39.2	%	23.6	%	26.6	%

Bancorp and the Bank have entered into a tax allocation agreement, which provides that income taxes shall be allocated between the parties on a separate entity basis. The intent of this agreement is that each member of the consolidated group will incur no greater tax liability than it would have incurred on a stand-alone basis.

We file a consolidated return in the U.S. federal tax jurisdiction and a combined return in the State of California tax jurisdiction. There were no ongoing federal or state income tax examinations at the time of the issuance of this report. We are no longer subject to examinations by tax authorities for years before 2021 for federal income tax and before 2020 for California. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no unrecognized tax benefits, and neither the Bank nor Bancorp had accruals for interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits.

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Note 12: Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

We lease premises under long-term non-cancelable operating leases with remaining terms of approximately 6 months to 17 years, 5 months, most of which include escalation clauses and one or more options to extend the lease term, and some of which contain lease termination clauses. Lease terms may include certain renewal options that were considered reasonably certain to be exercised.

We lease certain equipment under finance leases with initial terms of three years to five years. The equipment finance leases do not contain renewal options, bargain purchase options, or residual value guarantees.

The following table shows the balances of operating and finance lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.


(in thousands)	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	19,025	$	20,316
Operating lease liabilities	21,509		22,906
Finance leases:
Finance lease right-of-use assets	616		608
Accumulated amortization	(467)		(319)
Finance lease right-of-use assets, net1	$	149	$	289
Finance lease liabilities2	$	154	$	298
1 Included in premises and equipment in the consolidated statements of condition.
2 Included in borrowings and other obligations in the consolidated statements of condition.

The following table shows supplemental disclosures of noncash investing and financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.


(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$	3,034	$	437	$	6,116
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for finance lease liabilities	$	8	$	7	$	151

The following table shows components of operating and finance lease cost for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.


(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Operating lease cost1	$	4,911	$	5,493	$	5,356
Variable lease cost	—		—		—
Total operating lease cost	$	4,911	$	5,493	$	5,356
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets2	$	148	$	147	$	127
Interest on finance lease liabilities3	5		7		3
Total finance lease cost	$	153	$	154	$	130
Total lease cost	$	5,064	$	5,647	$	5,486
1 Included in occupancy and equipment expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
2 Included in depreciation and amortization in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
3 Included in interest on borrowings and other obligations in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

The following table shows the future minimum lease payments, weighted average remaining lease terms, and weighted average discount rates under operating and finance lease arrangements as of December 31, 2024. The discount rates used to calculate the present value of lease liabilities were based on the collateralized FHLB borrowing rates that were commensurate with lease terms and minimum payments on the lease commencement date.

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(in thousands)	December 31, 2024
Year	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2025	$	4,728		$	110
2026	3,626			40
2027	3,332			7
2028	2,910			1
2029	2,251			—
Thereafter	7,606			—
Total minimum lease payments	24,453			158
Amounts representing interest (present value discount)	(2,944)			(4)
Present value of net minimum lease payments (lease liability)	$	21,509		$	154

Weighted average remaining term (in years)	7.6			1.5
Weighted average discount rate	2.85		%	2.70		%

Litigation Matters

Bancorp may be subject to legal actions that arise from time to time in the normal course of business. Bancorp's management is not aware of any pending legal proceedings to which either it or the Bank may be a party or has recently been a party that will have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or results of operations of Bancorp or the Bank.

The Bank is responsible for a proportionate share of certain litigation indemnifications provided to Visa U.S.A. ("Visa") by its member banks in connection with Visa's lawsuits related to anti-trust charges and interchange fees ("Covered Litigation"). We sold our remaining shares on July 13, 2023, however, our proportionate share of the litigation indemnification liability does not change or transfer upon the sale of our Class B Visa shares to member banks or, per the terms of the sale, to the recent purchaser of our shares. Visa established an escrow account for the Covered Litigation that it periodically funds, which is expected to cover the settlement payment obligations.

Litigation is ongoing, and until the court approval process is complete, there is no assurance that Visa will resolve the claims as contemplated by the amended class settlement agreement, and additional lawsuits may arise from individual merchants who opted out of the class settlement. However, until the escrow account is fully depleted and the conversion rate of Class B to Class A common stock is reduced to zero, no future cash settlement payments are required by the member banks, such as us, on the Covered Litigation. Therefore, we are not required to record any contingent liabilities for the indemnification related to the Covered Litigation, as we consider the probability of losses to be remote.

In the third quarter of 2024, the Bank recorded a non-recurring accrual for a legal resolution of a Private Attorneys General Act/putative class action lawsuit of $615 thousand, pre-tax, involving alleged violations of wage and hour laws for all non-exempt employees covering any and all claims that were or could have been alleged in the operative complaint through the financial period of December 11, 2019 to October 12, 2024. The Bank shall pay an "all in" Gross Settlement Amount ("GSA") of $615 thousand to settle all of the wage and hour class and PAGA claims, and the named Plaintiff's individual claims. This amount settles all claims that were or could have been asserted based on the facts alleged in the operative complaint, and the as of yet unasserted individual claims by the named plaintiff, and includes attorneys' fees, costs including the cost of administration, and incentive payments. The only amount over and above the GSA which the Bank shall pay is its share of payroll taxes on the amount of the net settlement that is allocated as wages. There has been no finding of wrongdoing and the Bank denies all claims. The settlement agreement still requires final court approval and notice requirements; however, the Bank does not anticipate further costs related to this action. We are not aware of any other similar wage and hour claims at this time.

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Note 13: Concentrations of Credit Risk

Concentration of credit risk is associated with a lack of diversification, such as having substantial investments in a few individual issuers, thereby potentially exposing us to adverse economic, political, regulatory, geographic, industrial or credit developments. Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, investment securities and loans.

At times, our cash in correspondent bank accounts may exceed FDIC insured limits. We place cash and cash equivalents with the Federal Reserve Bank and other high credit quality financial institutions, periodically monitor their credit worthiness and limit the amount of credit exposure to any one institution according to regulations.

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to investment securities primarily related to the U.S. government and GSEs, which accounted for $1.075 billion, or 85% of our total investment portfolio at December 31, 2024 and $1.272 billion, or 86% at December 31, 2023. The decrease was mainly due to the sale of $282.6 million and $72.7 million in paydowns of this security type in 2024. The largest security not issued by the U.S. government or a GSE accounted for approximately 1% of our total investment portfolio at both December 31, 2024 and 2023.

We also manage our credit exposure related to our loan portfolio to avoid the risk of undue concentration of credits in a particular industry or geographic location by reducing significant exposure to highly leveraged transactions or to any individual customer or counterparty, and by obtaining collateral, as appropriate. With the heightened market concern about non-owner-occupied commercial real estate, and in particular the office sector, we continue to maintain diversity among property types and within our geographic footprint. In particular, our office commercial real estate portfolio in the City of San Francisco represented 3% of our total loan portfolio and 5% of our total non-owner-occupied commercial real estate portfolio as of December 31, 2024.

No single borrower relationship accounted for more than 3.0% of outstanding loan balances at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The largest loan concentration is real estate, which accounted for 89% and 90% of our loan portfolio at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Note 14: Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

The Bank is exposed to certain risks from both its business operations and changes in economic conditions. As part of our asset/liability and interest rate risk management strategy, we may enter into interest rate derivative contracts to modify repricing characteristics of certain of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The Bank generally designates interest rate hedging agreements utilized in the management of interest rate risk as either fair value hedges or cash flow hedges.

Our credit exposure, if any, on interest rate swap asset positions is limited to the fair value (net of any collateral pledged to us) and interest payments of all swaps by each counterparty. Conversely, when an interest rate swap is in a liability position exceeding a certain threshold, we may be required to post collateral to the counterparty in an amount determined by the agreements. Collateral levels are monitored and adjusted on a regular basis for changes in interest rate swap values.

On July 7, 2023, the Bank entered into various interest rate swap agreements with notional values totaling $101.8 million split evenly between terms of 2.5 and 3.0 years to hedge balance sheet interest rate sensitivity and protect certain of our fixed rate available-for-sale securities against changes in fair value related to changes in the benchmark interest rate. The interest rate swaps involve the receipt of floating rate interest from a counterparty in exchange for us making fixed-rate interest payments over the lives of the agreements, without the exchange of the underlying notional values. The transactions were designated as partial term fair value hedges and structured such that the changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps are expected to be perfectly effective in offsetting the changes in the fair value of the hedged items attributable to changes in the SOFR OIS swap rate, the designated benchmark interest rate. Because the hedges met the criteria for using the shortcut method, there is no need to periodically reassess effectiveness during the term of the hedges. For fair value designated hedges, the gains or losses on the hedging instruments as well as the offsetting gains or losses on the hedged items, are recognized in current earnings as their fair values change. On November 4, 2024, the Bank terminated these contracts resulting in an adjustment to book value that will be amortized over the life of the hedged securities.

In addition, we had three interest rate swap agreements on certain loans with our customers, which are scheduled to mature at various dates ranging from June 2031 to July 2032. In December 2023, one interest rate swap,

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scheduled to mature in October 2037, was terminated as the hedged loan was paid off. The loan interest rate swaps were designated as fair value hedges and allowed us to offer long-term fixed-rate loans to customers without assuming the interest rate risk of a long-term asset. Converting our fixed-rate interest payments to floating-rate interest payments, generally benchmarked to the one-month U.S. dollar SOFR index, protects us against changes in the fair value of our loans associated with fluctuating interest rates. The notional amounts of the interest rate contracts are equal to the notional amounts of the hedged loans.

Information on our derivatives follows:


	Asset derivatives				Liability derivatives
(in thousands)	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023		December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Available-for-sale securities:
Interest rate swaps - notional amount	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	101,770
Interest rate swaps - fair value1	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,359
Loans receivable:
Interest rate contracts - notional amount	$	7,654	$	6,441	$	—	$	2,157
Interest rate contracts - fair value1	$	333	$	287	$	—	$	2

1 Refer to Note 9, Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities, for valuation methodology.

The following table presents the carrying amount and associated cumulative basis adjustment related to the application of fair value hedge accounting that is included in the carrying amount of hedged assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.


	Carrying Amounts of Hedged Assets				Cumulative Amounts of Fair Value Hedging Adjustments Included in the Carrying Amounts of the Hedged Assets
(in thousands)	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023		December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Available-for-sale securities 1	$	—	$	107,181	$	—	$	(1,359)
Loans receivable 2	$	7,215	$	8,183	$	(398)	$	(367)

1 Carrying value equals the amortized cost basis of the securities underlying the hedge relationship, which is the book value net of the fair value hedge adjustment. Amortized cost excludes accrued interest totaling $222 thousand as of December 31, 2023.

2 Carrying value equals the amortized cost basis of the loans underlying the hedge relationship, which is the loan balance net of deferred loan origination fees and cost and the fair value hedge adjustment. Amortized cost excludes accrued interest, which was not material.

The following table presents the pretax net gains (losses) recognized in interest income related to our fair value hedges for the years presented.


	Years ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Interest on investment securities 1
Increase (decrease) in fair value of interest rate swaps hedging available-for-sale securities	$	1,359	$	(1,359)	$	—
Hedged interest earned (paid)	646		367		—
Decrease (increase) in carrying value included in the hedged available-for-sale securities	(1,359)		1,359		—
Net gain recognized in interest income on investment securities	$	646	$	367	$	—
Interest and fees on loans 1
Increase (decrease) increase in fair value of interest rate swaps hedging loans receivable	$	47	$	(317)	$	1,687
Hedged interest earned (paid)	201		268		(143)
Decrease (increase) in carrying value included in the hedged loans	(30)		359		(1,666)
Decrease in value of yield maintenance agreement	(8)		(9)		(10)
Net gain (loss) recognized in interest income on loans	$	210	$	301	$	(132)

1 Represents the income line item in the statements of comprehensive income (loss) in which the effects of fair value hedges are recorded.

Our derivative transactions with the counterparty are under an International Swaps and Derivative Association (“ISDA”) master agreement that includes “right of set-off” provisions. “Right of set-off” provisions are legally enforceable rights to offset recognized amounts and there may be an intention to settle such amounts on a net basis. We do not offset such financial instruments for financial reporting purposes. Information on financial instruments that are eligible for offset in the consolidated statements of condition follows:

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Offsetting of Financial Assets and Derivative Assets
			Gross Amounts		Net Amounts		Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Condition
	Gross Amounts		Offset in the		of Assets Presented
	of Recognized		Statements of		in the Statements		Financial		Cash Collateral
(in thousands)	Assets 1		Condition		of Condition 1		Instruments		Received		Net Amount
December 31, 2024

Counterparty	$	333	$	—	$	333	$	—	$	—	$	333
Total	$	333	$	—	$	333	$	—	$	—	$	333
December 31, 2023

Counterparty	$	287	$	—	$	287	$	—	$	—	$	287
Total	$	287	$	—	$	287	$	—	$	—	$	287


Offsetting of Financial Liabilities and Derivative Liabilities
	Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities 1		Gross Amounts Offset in the Statements of Condition		Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Statements of Condition 1		Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Condition

							Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Pledged
(in thousands)											Net Amount
December 31, 2024

Counterparty	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	—		$	—
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
December 31, 2023

Counterparty	$	1,361	$	—	$	1,361	$	(287)	(330)		$	744

Total	$	1,361	$	—	$	1,361	$	(287)	$	(330)	$	744

1 Amounts exclude accrued interest on swaps.

Note 15: Regulatory Matters

We are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet the minimum capital requirements as set forth in the following tables can trigger certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, we must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of our assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and the Bank’s prompt corrective action classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components of capital, risk weightings and other factors.

Management reviews capital ratios on a regular basis and produces a five-year capital plan semi-annually to ensure that capital exceeds the prescribed regulatory minimums and is adequate to meet our anticipated future needs. Stress tests are performed on capital ratios and include scenarios such as additional unrealized losses on the investment portfolio, additional deposit growth, loan credit quality deterioration, and potential share repurchases. For all periods presented, the Bank’s ratios exceed the regulatory definition of “well-capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action and Bancorp’s ratios exceed the required minimum ratios to be considered a well-capitalized bank holding company. In addition, the most recent notification from the FDIC categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action as of December 31, 2024. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s categories and we expect the Bank to remain well capitalized for prompt corrective action purposes.

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The Bancorp’s and Bank's capital adequacy ratios as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are presented in the following tables.


Bancorp Capital Ratios (dollars in thousands)	Actual				Adequately Capitalized Threshold 1				Threshold to be a Well Capitalized Bank Holding Company
December 31, 2024	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	420,606	16.54	%	$	266,991	10.50	%	$	254,277	10.00	%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	389,448	15.32	%	$	216,136	8.50	%	$	203,422	8.00	%
Tier 1 Leverage Capital (to average assets)	$	389,448	10.46	%	$	148,899	4.00	%	$	186,123	5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)	$	389,448	15.32	%	$	177,994	7.00	%	$	165,280	6.50	%
December 31, 2023
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	440,842	16.89	%	$	274,002	10.50	%	$	260,954	10.00	%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	415,224	15.91	%	$	221,811	8.50	%	$	208,763	8.00	%
Tier 1 Leverage Capital (to average assets)	$	415,224	10.46	%	$	158,771	4.00	%	$	198,464	5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)	$	415,224	15.91	%	$	182,668	7.00	%	$	169,620	6.50	%


Bank Capital Ratios (dollars in thousands)	Actual				Adequately Capitalized Threshold 1				Threshold to be Well Capitalized under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
December 31, 2024	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	410,186	16.13	%	$	266,955	10.50	%	$	254,243	10.00	%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	379,028	14.91	%	$	216,107	8.50	%	$	203,395	8.00	%
Tier 1 Leverage Capital (to average assets)	$	379,028	10.18	%	$	148,887	4.00	%	$	186,108	5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)	$	379,028	14.91	%	$	177,970	7.00	%	$	165,258	6.50	%
December 31, 2023
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	433,598	16.62	%	$	273,986	10.50	%	$	260,939	10.00	%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	407,981	15.64	%	$	221,798	8.50	%	$	208,751	8.00	%
Tier 1 Leverage Capital (to average assets)	$	407,981	10.28	%	$	158,767	4.00	%	$	198,459	5.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 (to risk-weighted assets)	$	407,981	15.64	%	$	182,657	7.00	%	$	169,610	6.50	%

1 Except for Tier 1 Leverage Capital, the adequately capitalized thresholds reflect the regulatory minimum plus a 2.5% capital conservation buffer as required under the Basel III Capital Standards in order to avoid limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses.

Note 16: Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk

We make commitments to extend credit in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit in the form of loans or through standby letters of credit. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Because various commitments will expire without being fully drawn, the total commitment amount does not necessarily represent future cash requirements.

Our credit loss exposure is equal to the contractual amount of the commitment in the event of nonperformance by the borrower. We use the same credit underwriting criteria for all credit exposure. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by us, is based on management's credit evaluation of the borrower. Collateral types pledged may include accounts receivable, inventory, other personal property and real property.

The contractual amount of unfunded loan commitments and standby letters of credit not reflected in the consolidated statements of condition are as follows:


(in thousands)	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Commercial lines of credit	$	233,462	$	259,989
Revolving home equity lines	208,372		218,935
Undisbursed construction loans	8,294		13,943
Personal and other lines of credit	7,781		9,136
Standby letters of credit	2,777		3,147
Total unfunded loan commitments and standby letters of credit	$	460,686	$	505,150

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As of December 31, 2024, approximately 38% of the commitments expire in 2025, 52% expire between 2026 and 2032 and 10% expire thereafter.

We record an allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments at the balance sheet date based on estimates of the probability that these commitments will be drawn upon according to historical utilization experience of the different types of commitments and expected loss rates determined for pooled funded loans. The allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments totaled $894 thousand and $1.1 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which is included in interest payable and other liabilities in the consolidated statements of condition.

We recorded reversals of the provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments totaling $233 thousand, $342 thousand and $318 thousand in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The reversals in 2024, 2023, and 2022 were due primarily to decreases in total unfunded loan commitments.

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Note 17: Condensed Bank of Marin Bancorp Parent Only Financial Statements

Presented below is financial information for Bank of Marin Bancorp, parent holding company only.


CONDENSED UNCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION
December 31, 2024 and 2023
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Assets
Cash and due from Bank of Marin	$	10,329	$	7,189
Investment in bank subsidiary	424,987		431,819
Other assets	232		156
Total assets	$	435,548	$	439,164

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

Accrued expenses payable	$	141	$	102

Total liabilities	141		102
Stockholders' equity	435,407		439,062
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	435,548	$	439,164


CONDENSED UNCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Income
Dividends from bank subsidiary	$	25,000	$	20,000	$	16,200

Total income	25,000		20,000		16,200
Expense

Non-interest expense	1,814		1,705		1,793
Total expense	1,814		1,705		1,793
Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary	23,186		18,295		14,407
Income tax benefit	434		504		530
Income before equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary	23,620		18,799		14,937
(Loss) earnings of bank subsidiary greater (less) than dividends received from bank subsidiary	(32,029)		1,096		31,649
Net (loss) income	$	(8,409)	$	19,895	$	46,586

108


CONDENSED UNCONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2022
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income	$	(8,409)	$	19,895	$	46,586
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Earnings of bank subsidiary (greater) less than dividends received from bank subsidiary	32,029		(1,096)		(31,649)

Noncash director compensation expense	71		60		36
Net changes in:
Other assets	(76)		99		(12)
Other liabilities	39		(86)		(129)
Net cash provided by operating activities	23,654		18,872		14,832
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Capital contribution to bank subsidiary	(38)		(276)		(899)

Net cash used in investing activities	(38)		(276)		(899)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

Restricted stock surrendered for tax withholdings upon vesting	(64)		(70)		(40)
Cash dividends paid on common stock	(16,197)		(16,106)		(15,673)
Stock repurchased, including commissions and excise tax	(4,253)		—		(1,250)
Proceeds from stock options exercised and stock issued under employee and director stock purchase plans	38		276		899
Net cash used in financing activities	(20,476)		(15,900)		(16,064)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	3,140		2,696		(2,131)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	7,189		4,493		6,624
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	$	10,329	$	7,189	$	4,493
Supplemental schedule of noncash investing and financing activities:
Stock issued in payment of director fees	$	513	$	398	$	355

Stock issued to ESOP	$	1,149	$	1,315	$	1,233

109

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(A) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Bank of Marin Bancorp and its subsidiary (the "Company") conducted an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. The term disclosure controls and procedures means controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information we are required to disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the Act (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information we are required to disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

(B) Management's Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) promulgated under the 1934 Act). The internal control process has been designed under our supervision to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company's financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, utilizing the framework established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this assessment, management has concluded that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024.

There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of internal control over financial reporting. These limitations include the possibility of human error, the circumvention or overriding of the system and reasonable resource constraints. Because of its inherent limitations, our internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management's report on internal control over financial reporting is set forth in ITEM 8 and is incorporated herein by reference.

The Company's independent registered public accounting firm, Moss Adams LLP, has audited the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 as stated in their audit report, which is included in ITEM 8 and incorporated herein by reference.

(D) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the quarter ended December 31, 2024, there were no significant changes that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation mentioned in (B) above. The term internal control over financial reporting, as defined by Rule

110

15d-15(f) of the Act, is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the issuer's principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the issuer's board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

None.

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Information required to be reported under ITEM 10 is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. Bancorp and the Bank have adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all staff, including the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Principal Accounting Officer. A copy of the Code of Ethical Conduct, which is also included on our website, will be provided to any person, without charge, upon written request to the Corporate Secretary, Bank of Marin Bancorp, 504 Redwood Boulevard, Suite 100, Novato, CA 94947. During 2024, there were no changes in the procedures for the election or nomination of directors.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND

RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to ITEM 5 above, Note 8 to our audited consolidated financial statements and to our Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm is Moss Adams LLP, Issuing Office: Portland, OR, PCAOB ID: 659.

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

111

PART IV

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(A) Documents Filed as Part of this Report:

1. Financial Statements

The financial statements and supplementary data listed below are filed as part of this report under ITEM 8, captioned Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022

Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Consolidated Statements of Condition as of December 31, 2024 and 2023

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2. Financial Statement Schedules

All financial statement schedules have been omitted, as they are inapplicable or the required information is included in the financial statements or notes thereto.

(B) Exhibits Filed:

The following exhibits are filed as part of this report or hereby incorporated by references to filings previously made with the SEC.

112

Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit Number

Exhibit Description

Form

File No.

Exhibit

Filing Date

Herewith

3.01

Articles of Incorporation, as amended

S-4

333-257025

3.01

June 11, 2021

3.02

Bylaws, as amended

S-4

333-257025

3.02

June 11, 2021

4.01

Description of Capital Stock

10-K

001-33572

4.01

March 16, 2023

10.01

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

S-8

333-218274

4.1

May 26, 2017

10.02

2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

S-8

333-221219

4.1

October 30, 2017

10.03

2017 Equity Plan, as amended

S-8

333-227840

4.1

October 15, 2018

10.04

2020 Director Stock Plan

S-8

333-239555

4.1

June 30, 2020

10.05

Form of Indemnification Agreement for Directors and Executive Officers, dated August 9, 2007

10-Q

001-33572

10.06

November 7, 2007

10.06

2010 Annual Individual Incentive Compensation Plan, revised 2019

10-K

001-33572

10.07

March 15, 2021

10.07

Salary Continuation Agreement for executive officer Tani Girton, Chief Financial Officer, dated October 18, 2013

8-K

001-33572

10.2

November 4, 2014

10.08

2007 Form of Change in Control Agreement

8-K

001-33572

10.1

October 31, 2007

10.09

Director Deferred Fee Plan, dated December 17, 2020

10-K

001-33572

10.13

March 15, 2021

10.10

Employment Agreement with Timothy Myers, dated September 23, 2021

8-K

001-33572

10.1

September 24, 2021

10.11

Salary Continuation Agreement, as amended for executive officer Timothy Myers, Chief Executive Officer, dated January 1, 2022

8-K

001-33572

10.1

December 21, 2022

10.13

Salary Continuation Agreement for executive officer Misako Stewart, Chief Credit Officer, dated January 1, 2022

8-K

001-33572

10.3

December 21, 2022

10.14

Salary Continuation Agreement for executive officer Brandi Campbell, Head of Retail Banking, dated July 1, 2022

8-K

001-33572

10.4

December 21, 2022

10.15

Salary Continuation Agreement by and between Bank of Marin and Dave Bonaccorso, dated January 2, 2025

8-K

001-33572

10.10

January 2, 2025

14.01

Code of Ethical Conduct, dated September 26, 2024

Filed

19.01

I nsider Trading Policy

Filed

21.01

L ist of Subsidiaries

Filed

23.01

Consent of Moss Adams LLP

Filed

31.01

Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Filed

31.02

Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Filed

32.01

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Filed

97.1

Incentive Compensation Recovery Policy, dated October 2 3 , 2024

Filed

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document

Filed

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

Filed

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

Filed

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

Filed

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

Filed

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

Filed

Copies of any exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-K listed in the index above will be furnished to shareholders as of the record date without charge upon written request by such shareholder addressed as follows: Corporate Secretary, Bank of Marin Bancorp, 504 Redwood Boulevard, Suite 100, Novato, CA 94947.

ITEM 16. Form 10-K Summary

None.

113

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


									Bank of Marin Bancorp (registrant)

			March 14, 2025						/s/ David Bonaccorso
			Date						David Bonaccorso
									Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
									(Principal Financial Officer)
									(Principal Accounting Officer)

114

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ Timothy D. Myers

Timothy D. Myers

President & Chief Executive Officer, Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ David Bonaccorso

David Bonaccorso

Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

(Principal Accounting Officer)

Members of Bank of Marin Bancorp's Board of Directors

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ William H. McDevitt, Jr.

William H. McDevitt, Jr.

Chairman of the Board

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ Nicolas C. Anderson

Nicolas C. Anderson

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ Russell A. Colombo

Russell A. Colombo

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ Charles D. Fite

Charles D. Fite

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ Cigdem Gencer

Cigdem Gencer

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ James C. Hale

James C. Hale

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ Kevin R. Kennedy

Kevin R. Kennedy

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ Sanjiv S. Sanghvi

Sanjiv S. Sanghvi

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ Joel Sklar

Joel Sklar, M.D.

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ Brian M. Sobel

Brian M. Sobel

Dated:

March 14, 2025

/s/ Secil Tabli Watson

Secil Tabli Watson

115

Exhibit 14.01

Bank of Marin Bancorp and Bank of Marin

CODE OF ETHICAL CONDUCT

Adopted by the Board of Directors 6/20/2008

Reviewed for Update

on September 26, 2024

BANK OF MARIN BANCORP AND BANK OF MARIN

CODE OF ETHICAL CONDUCT

Adopted by the Board of Directors 6/20/2008

Reviewed for Update

on October 20, 2023

Table of Contents


Adopted by the Board of Directors 6/20/2008			1
CODE OF ETHICAL CONDUCT			2
Adopted by the Board of Directors 6/20/2008			2
Introduction			4
Personal Conduct			4
Conflict of Interest			5
Self-Dealing/Handling Personal Transactions/Loans			6
Gifts/The Bank Bribery Act			7
Bequests or Legacies			8
Fiduciary (Trust) Appointments			8
Personal Financial Responsibility			8
Employee Borrowings			8
Personal Investments			9
Securities Trading and Investment Guidelines			10
Confidential Information			10
Protecting Company Information			11
Books and Records, Accounting Controls and Disclosures			11
Use of the Company’s Name			12
Suspicious Activity Reports			12
Bank Examination Reports			12
Disclosure of Corporate News and Information			12
Information Regarding Past and Present Employees or Directors			12
Fidelity Coverage			13
Obeying Laws and Regulations			13
Disclosure			14
Dealing with Auditors, Examiners and Legal Counsel			15
Money Laundering Activities/the Bank Secrecy Act/OFAC			15
Anti-Competitive Activities			15
Directors or Officers in Outside for Profit Companies			16
Directors or Officers in Nonprofit Companies and Civic and Charitable Organizations			16
Outside Employment			17
Solicitation and Distribution Activities			17
Advice to Customers			18
Speeches and Articles for Publication			18
Political Activities			18
Reporting Procedures			19


Disciplinary Action			20
Changes Made to the Code of Ethical Conduct / Waiver			21
ACKNOWLEDGMENT BY EMPLOYEE/DIRECTOR			22

Introduction

This Code of Ethical Conduct (“Code” or “policy”) applies to all employees, officers and directors (hereinafter an “employee” or “you” irrespective of whether or not an actual employment relationship exists) of Bank of Marin Bancorp and Bank of Marin (collectively the “Company”).

This Code describes some of your responsibilities as an employee. It recognizes that personal conduct directly and indirectly reflects upon the reputation and successful business operation of the Company.

The following policies and guidelines are set forth to assist you in determining what appropriate personal and professional conduct is. The Code of Ethics does not encompass all of our expectations; you should also familiarize yourself with the Employee Handbook and other policies and procedures that are applicable to you. In general, the use of good judgment, coupled with high ethical standards, is your best guide. If you have any questions regarding this Code of Ethics or the appropriateness of any action or arrangement, you should seek the advice of your department manager. For purposes of this Code, the term “department manager” means in the case of (i) an employee – such employee’s immediate supervisor, (ii) an officer – such officer’s immediate supervisor, (iii) an executive officer – the Chief Executive Officer, (iv) the Chief Executive Officer – the Chairman of the Board and (v) a director – the Chairman of the Board.

This Code is required by the United States securities laws and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) as well as the listing standards of Nasdaq as being necessary to deter wrongdoing and to promote:

1. honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships;

2. full, fair, accurate, timely, and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that a company files with, or submits to, the Commission and in other public communications made by the Company;

3. compliance with applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations;

4. the prompt internal reporting of Code violations to an appropriate person or persons identified in the Code; and

5. accountability for adherence to the Code.

The policies, rules, standards and guidelines contained in this Code of Ethics do not establish enforceable employee rights, contractual or otherwise, and do not establish an employment relationship enforceable by employees. They are not promises to employees and they are subject to change at any time without notice. Employees continue to be employed at will; the at will employment relationship shall continue unless changed in writing by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company.

Personal Conduct

1. Trustworthiness/Personal Behavior and Appearance. You should always be mindful of the Company’s position and reputation in the community. Since the success of any banking operation depends on the public’s trust, it is extremely important that you conduct your personal affairs in such a way as to avoid discredit or embarrassment to

either yourself or the Company. Your personal behavior and appearance should, likewise, be governed by both common sense and good taste. Employees are expected to provide complete and truthful information in dealing with Company employees.

2. Discrimination and Harassment. Discriminatory or harassing behavior may not only be illegal, but also precludes good customer, vendor and employee relations, all of which are essential to the success of the Company. Therefore, the Company’s policy prohibits discriminatory conduct or harassment with respect to Company customers, vendors, employees or the general public, based on race, color, creed, religion, gender, marital status, age, national origin or ancestry, physical or mental disability, medical condition including genetic characteristics, sexual orientation, veteran status, or any other consideration made unlawful by federal, state or local laws while conducting business for or representing the Company in any manner.

Harassment includes but is not limited to: making unsolicited or unwelcome written, verbal, physical and/or visual contact with sexual overtones; making reprisals or threats of reprisals or implied threats of reprisal following a negative response to a personal invitation you issued to another employee; engaging in implicit or explicit coercive sexual behavior to control, influence or affect the career, salary and/or work environment of another employee; or offering favors or employment benefits in exchange for sexual favors.

3. Weapons. You may not bring a weapon of any kind onto Company property, including any property where a Company function is taking place. You may not use or threaten to use a weapon or physical violence against any employee, vendor or customer of the Company.

Conflict of Interest

You must avoid situations and transactions which create, or appear to create, a conflict of interest. A conflict of interest occurs when you engage in a personal activity or have a personal interest that conflicts with your duty to the Company or adversely affects your judgment in the performance of work responsibilities, or when you use your position with the Company or use the Company’s confidential information to benefit yourself rather than the Company. The Company strictly prohibits its employees from taking any action or entering into any relationship that creates, or even appears to create, a conflict of interest without the prior approval of the employee’s department manager. The Company’s President/Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operating Officer, if applicable, or other executive officers must receive approval of the Board of Directors or a committee of the Board of Directors prior to taking any action or entering into any relationship that creates, or even appears to create, a conflict of interest. For purposes of determining whether a conflict exists, the actions of an employee’s immediate family members are treated as those of the employee and are therefore subject to the same considerations.

Conflicts can arise due to either personal or business relationships with customers, suppliers, business associates or competitors of the Company. For example, you should:

1. Not be a signer on any account over which you exercise control as a Company employee.

2. Not be a signer on any customer’s account, act as a co-tenant of a safe deposit box, or otherwise represent another customer in dealings with the Company,

excluding accounts or boxes where the other customer is related to you by blood or marriage or where you act in official capacity as an officer of a nonprofit. You may not process your own transactions.

3. Not enter into any business relationship (e.g., partnerships, joint ventures, syndicates) with present or prospective customers or suppliers.

4. Unless prior approval of the Chief Credit Officer is obtained as well as any necessary Board approval under Regulation O, not extend credit to: (a) any customers, if the proceeds are to be given or loaned to you or used to pay a debt owed by you, or to benefit you, a family member or a close relative; (b) any customers, if the loan, in whole or in part, will enable them to purchase real or personal property from you, a family member or a close relative; (c) any company in which you have an interest as a director, officer, controlling person or partner, or in which a family member or close relative has such an interest; or (d) customers or vendors of the Company by way of loaning your own funds or personal credit by a guarantee or similar means.

5. Not make a loan to any public bank examiner who examines or has the authority to examine the Company.

It is important to recognize that the appearance of a conflict may be just as damaging to the Company’s reputation as a real conflict.

When faced with a situation involving a potential or actual conflict of interest you should immediately notify your department manager and the Human Resources Director in writing.

The Company maintains a separate Related Party Transactions Policy which applies to executive officers, directors, director nominees and certain others and is incorporated by reference in this Code of Ethics.

Self-Dealing/Handling Personal Transactions/Loans

You must not represent the Company in any transaction with a person or organization in which you or any of your family, relatives or close personal friends have a direct or indirect interest or from which any of you may derive a benefit.

You may not open accounts or receive incentive pay for transactions involving family members or relatives.

You may not handle a loan application or participate in any credit decision (including overdrafts) for yourself, or for any of your family members, relatives, close personal friends, or entities controlled by family members, relatives or close personal friends; instead you must refer the borrower to another loan officer in an equal or higher position to make, check on the progress of and/or handle the loan.

Employees are not allowed to process their own banking transactions, nor those of their family members or relatives, even if the employee has the other party’s authorization; such transactions must be referred to another employee or your manager to process.

Transactions that involve fee waivers, non-sufficient funds, overdraft fee reversals, overdrafts or similar matters for your accounts, or for those of family members, relatives or close personal friends, must be referred to your supervisor for processing and approval (even if you would otherwise be authorized to process the transaction or make such a

decision). You may not make decisions, approve transactions, or influence others to approve transactions on such accounts.

If you are asked to process a transaction for another employee, be careful to ensure the transaction is appropriate and within your authority.

You must not accept business opportunities from persons doing business or seeking to do business with the Company if such opportunities are made available to you because of your position with the Company.

You must never use your position with the Company to influence public officials or others for your personal benefit. Likewise, your Company employment should not be used as leverage to gain favors from customers or suppliers.

Gifts/The Bank Bribery Act

Neither you nor members of your immediate family shall solicit or accept for yourselves or third parties (other than the Company) any gift, offer of travel, unusual hospitality or other thing of value (other than your salary, commissions or bonus from the Company) from any person or entity which either appears to be or is in connection with any business, service, confidential information or transaction of the Company, either before or after a transaction is discussed or consummated. Criminal penalties may be imposed for violating this prohibition.

The foregoing is not intended to preclude the receipt of unsolicited non-cash gifts of nominal value or customer hospitality from persons or entities doing business with the Company, when it is clear from the circumstances that no attempt is being made to influence you. A gift of nominal value is defined as being $200 or less during any twelve month period.

Possible exceptions to the general prohibition regarding the acceptance of things of value may include:

1. Acceptance of gifts, gratuities, amenities or favors based on family relationships (e.g., from a parent, child or spouse of a Company employee) where the circumstances make it clear that it is those relationships, rather than the business of the Company, which are the motivating factors.

2. Acceptance of meals, refreshments, travel arrangements, accommodations, or entertainment, all of reasonable value and in the regular course of a meeting or other occasion, the purpose of which is to hold bona fide business discussions, provided the expenses would be paid for by the Company as a reasonable business expense, if not paid for by another party.

3. Acceptance of loans from other banks or financial institutions on customary terms to finance proper and usual activities, such as home mortgage loans, except where prohibited by law.

4. Acceptance of civic, charitable, educational or religious organization awards for recognition of service in an amount of $200 or less during any twelve month period.

5.Acceptance of advertising or promotional material of nominal value, such as pens, pencils, note pads, key chains, calendars and similar items.

6. Acceptance of discounts or rebates on merchandise or services that are offered by a third party to the general public.

If you are offered or anticipate receiving a gift or other thing of value, which is not permitted under the above guidelines, you must report it immediately in writing to your department manager and the Human Resources Director.

If you are uncertain as to the propriety of a gift, you must seek the written approval of your department manager before accepting it. Your request should be in writing and should state all relevant facts. You must send a copy of the request and the approval to the Human Resources Director.

Bequests or Legacies

You and your immediate family must not accept bequests or legacies from customers of the Company (other than a family member, relative or close personal friend, or a person who has never dealt with you as a representative of the Company) under a will or trust without the advance written consent of your department manager. If you find that you are named as a beneficiary in a will or trust not involving a family member, relative or close personal relationship, or you first learn of the fact after the death of a grantor who was a customer, you should immediately notify your department manager.

Fiduciary (Trust) Appointments

You may not accept any appointment as an executor, administrator, guardian, trustee or any similar fiduciary capacity without the prior written approval of your department manager. Notice of such appointment shall be sent to the Human Resources Department. This does not, however, apply to appointments made by family members, relatives or close personal friends, provided the duties required will not interfere with the proper performance of your duties to the Company.

Personal Financial Responsibility

Company employees are expected to demonstrate an ability to manage personal finances properly, particularly the intelligent use of credit. Imprudent personal financial management can affect job performance and reflects poorly on your ability to perform responsibilities of a financial nature.

Acting as an accommodation, co-signer or guarantor for others can be a risky practice and often results in the accommodation co-signer or guarantor having to pay the obligation. As such, you should not assume co-signer or guarantor responsibilities unless you are in a position to pay the entire obligation upon demand.

Employee Borrowings

You may not borrow money from customers, vendors or suppliers (including personal friends) of the Company, unless the lender is a recognized lending institution. The term

“borrow” does not include a loan from a family member or purchase from a customer or supplier resulting in an extension of credit in the normal course of business.

Federal law imposes certain restrictions on loans by the Company to its executive officers, directors, principal shareholders and their related interests. Questions regarding such loans should be directed to the Chief Credit Officer.

Personal Investments

Company employees, by the very nature of their positions, must be particularly circumspect regarding investments which may appear improper to customers, supervisory authorities or the public. You should consult with the Human Resources Director if you have or are considering any investments of questionable propriety.

You should avoid entering into transactions where it may appear that you are benefiting improperly from your relationship with the Company or violating your fiduciary responsibilities. This applies to investments by members of your immediate family, as well.

While a complete list of such matters cannot be given, you must refrain from directly or indirectly owning or purchasing any of the following:

1. Real or personal property in which the Company has or intends to obtain an ownership interest (e.g., through purchase, foreclosure or repossession, or in a fiduciary capacity). This does not include any sale of the Company’s valet automobiles or surplus personal property offered through a third party to the general public, as long as the sale is in accordance with the Company’s established policies. Note: Although employees may purchase such property if it is offered through a third party to the general public, it is against Company policy for executive officers (as defined by Regulation “O”) to do so.

2. Stocks, bonds or other securities (a) pledged to the Company as collateral, (b) sold by the Company in a fiduciary capacity, or (c) issued by any entity indebted to the Company, except for securities, which are publicly traded.

3. Stock of any business or financial institution in anticipation of its merger with or acquisition by the Company. Investment in stock of any financial institution, even though made in good faith and without prior inside knowledge, should be given careful consideration because of the possible adverse publicity to the Company in the event of a subsequent merger with, or acquisition by the Company.

4. Trust deeds, mortgages or chattel mortgages that are a lien against property in which the Company has a security interest.

5. An interest in any company which is a customer, vendor or supplier of the Company. This limitation does not apply to non-officer directors or the ownership or purchase of less than 5 percent of the outstanding stock of any company whose securities are listed on a national securities exchange.

6. An interest in a company for which you are the account officer or in which you have access to information which is not generally available to the public.

7. If you deal with securities firms in purchasing or selling securities for the Company or its customers, you may not accept preferential treatment from those firms in

your personal dealings with them. Any appearance of a conflict of interest must scrupulously be avoided.

Securities Trading and Investment Guidelines

The Company maintains a separate Insider Trading Policy which is incorporated by reference in this Code of Ethics. Employees should consult and must adhere to the Insider Trading Policy anytime an employee engages in a transaction involving Bank of Marin Bancorp common stock, or other form of security.

Confidential Information

During the course of your work, you may hear or have access to confidential information about the Company or about present and prospective customers, suppliers, shareholders and other staff members. Such information must be held in the strictest of confidence and it is to be used solely for corporate purposes and never for personal gain. Under no circumstances should such information be transmitted to persons outside the Company, including your family or associates, or to other employees of the Company unless they have a need to know such information to discharge their duties. In general, the only exceptions to this policy would be routine credit inquiries, information released in the normal course of business (e.g., for the negotiation of checks), disclosures required by law or regulation, legal process and information authorized for release by customers.

If you are authorized to reveal confidential information to another, you must specifically designate such information as confidential. For example, if you provide material nonpublic information to accountants or other consultants who have been retained to assist in an acquisition, you must make it clear such information is confidential in order to avoid “tipper” liability under the securities laws. Before revealing confidential information to outsiders, you should ascertain whether outside law firms, rating services, investment banks, accountants and other outside consultants to whom confidential information may be given have confidential or “inside information” compliance procedures in place to guard against any misuse of such information by members of such firms.

You must keep all files, records, or inquiries regarding customers and employees and other records that contain confidential information in a secure place. Do not leave documents of a confidential nature lying on your desk or work area when you are not using them.

If particularly sensitive information is involved, additional precautions should be taken. If possible, avoid using file names which might disclose confidential information. Confidential files and word processing disks or tapes should be kept in a locked cabinet or other secure place.

When transporting confidential documents, keep them in sealed envelopes or folders marked as “confidential.” Any envelopes or folders marked as “confidential” or “personal” should only be opened by the addressee.

If you find it necessary to carry sensitive information off premises, due care should be taken to protect its security. Care also should be taken not to discuss any matter of a confidential nature on cellular or digital phones, on car phones, on elevators or other public conveyances, in restrooms, restaurants or other public places where the

conversation might be overheard. You must be sensitive to whether information is confidential when using e-mail, voicemail or facsimile machines, or the Internet.

External e-mail must not be considered secure and you must not send proprietary/confidential information to external e-mail addresses without additional encryption methods as approved by the Information Security Officer.

You must keep all identification and access codes, security equipment, security programs and security procedures confidential.

You must not disclose confidential information, whether it is in a written form or in your memory, even after you leave your employment or position with the Company.

You must comply with all other Company policies and procedures relating to confidentiality, including those that have been adopted for your line of business or department.

Protecting Company Information

All Company information must be protected against unauthorized access, modification, destruction, disclosure or release to unauthorized parties. Employees must follow applicable policies and procedures and safeguard information in whatever form it exists (e.g., electronic or hard copy). Deliberate or willful violations of existing policies for protecting Company information or negligent failure to protect Company information properly may result in disciplinary action, including termination.

Books and Records, Accounting Controls and Disclosures

The Company requires that all its books and records be maintained accurately and with honesty. This requires that no fund, asset, liability, revenue or expense be concealed or incompletely recorded for any purpose. Employees must closely adhere to the following accounting guidelines:

1. All assets, liabilities and transactions of the Company should be accurately recorded in accordance with the Company’s record keeping procedures and generally accepted accounting principles;

2. No false or misleading entries are permitted to be knowingly made or caused to be made in the Company’s record books, even if such entries would not be material to the Company or its operations as a whole;

3. Any entries that are inaccurate should be reported to management. False or irregular entries should be promptly reported to a member of the Audit Committee for an immediate corrective action; and

4. All entries must be supported by documentation adequate to permit the books and records to be verified by audit.

Proper accounting requires not only careful compliance by the Company’s accountants, but also the cooperation of all employees who are involved in keeping financial records of any type.

For further details on the requirements of employees dealing with maintenance of the Company’s financial records, please refer to Sections 302 and 303 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Use of the Company’s Name

Good judgment should be exercised at all times to avoid the use of the Company’s name or its logo in any manner which may imply the Company’s endorsement of any outside activity or product. Requests for Company endorsement and/or use of the Company name/logo require approval from the Marketing Department.

Suspicious Activity Reports

It is unlawful to disclose to a customer or other person who is the subject of a suspicious activity report the contents or existence of a Suspicious Activity Report (“SAR”). You may, however, discuss a SAR with other Company employees who have a need to know, Company’s counsel and law enforcement officials, as appropriate.

Bank Examination Reports

Periodically, various regulatory agencies examine the Company. The reports generated as a result of the examination usually remain the property of the issuing agency and are considered strictly confidential. Employees are prohibited from disclosing any information contained in or related to such examination reports. These prohibitions may extend to subpoenas. If a subpoena requests such information, consult with the Company’s Chief Financial Officer.

Disclosure of Corporate News and Information

Financial information about the Company is not to be released to anyone unless it has previously been included in a published report or otherwise made generally available to the public. Any questions concerning the disclosure of confidential information should be referred to the Chief Financial Officer.

All media inquiries regarding the Company should be referred to the Chief Executive Officer or the Chief Financial Officer. The following subjects are never to be discussed with the media or in any other public forum:

1. Confidential business matters which could be of interest to competitors or investors.

2. Information about a customer and the customer’s dealings with the Company.

Information Regarding Past and Present Employees or Directors

The policy of the Company is to safeguard the confidential aspects of its relationship with its employees and directors; to satisfy all requirements of applicable labor laws; and to maintain uniformity in replies to inquiries concerning past and present employees. In order to assure that this policy is consistently maintained, any request for information

regarding past or present employees or directors must be referred to the Human Resources Department. This includes inquiries relating to employment, salary verification and performance evaluation.

The above procedures apply to all requests, whether written or oral, regarding Company employment. They do not apply, however, to routine credit inquiries from legitimate businesses regarding deposit or loan information or to those instances in which the Company appears to be a victim of a crime or for other legitimate business reasons. Credit inquiries may be answered in the normal course of business by the banking office where the employee’s accounts or loans are carried.

Fidelity Coverage

Every employee must be covered by the Company’s fidelity bond. The Company will not continue to employ anyone who ceases to be eligible for coverage.

Obeying Laws and Regulations

The Company and its employees may be subject to penalties if they violate any laws or regulations. It is therefore important that you be familiar with the laws and regulations governing the line of business in which you work and that you be careful to ensure that you fully comply with them. Compliance with laws and regulations is every employee’s responsibility. Employees who commit illegal acts could be subject to disciplinary action which may include termination.

You must report all instances of known or suspected illegal activities or other suspicious activities on the part of any employee, agent, customer or potential customer of the Company. If you are uncertain as to the propriety of an individual’s actions, call the Security and/or Compliance Officers to obtain clarification. You must promptly notify the Security and/or Compliance Officers if you believe an employee, agent, customer or potential customer has committed or tried to commit an illegal act or if you discover any circumstances which suggest that a crime has been committed. Failure to report suspected illegal activities properly may subject you to disciplinary action, including, if appropriate, termination. The Company is required by law to report violations or suspected violations of criminal laws to federal and/or state law enforcement agencies. As noted above, it is a crime to disclose the contents or existence of a SAR to anyone other than Company employees or the Company’s legal counsel to the extent that such persons are involved in preparing or submitting the report. Please see the section below titled “Reporting Procedures” for additional detail on the process for reporting violations.

Dishonest and fraudulent acts by Company employees are crimes under federal and state law, and may be punishable by fines and/or imprisonment. Examples of activities prohibited by law include:

1. Accepting anything of value (except an employee’s salary or other compensation paid or sanctioned by the Company) in connection with Company business (See “Gifts/the Bank Bribery Act” page 6);

2. Willfully making any false or untrue entry or willful omission in any book or record of the Company;

3. Stealing, embezzling or misapplying corporate funds or assets;

4. Willfully making any statement or rumor which is derogatory and untrue regarding the financial condition of any bank doing business in California;

5. Intentionally failing to make Currency Transaction Reports or other reports required under the Bank Secrecy Act (collectively referred to as “CTRs”), or assisting in the structuring of a transaction to avoid the filing of a CTR, as required by law;

6. Using threats, physical force or other unauthorized means to collect money;

7. Issuing unauthorized obligations (such as certificates of deposit, notes or mortgages);

8. Certifying a check drawn on an account with insufficient funds;

9. Unless specifically permitted by law, making a loan or giving a gift to a regulator who has the authority to examine any Company affiliate;

10. Using a computer to gain unauthorized access to the records of a customer;

11. Concealing or misapplying any of the Company’s assets; and

12. Loaning funds to, or depositing funds with third parties with the understanding, express or implied, that the party receiving such funds will make a loan or pay any consideration to you.

Disclosure

It is the Company’s policy and intent to issue full, clear, accurate, timely and understandable reports to the public and regulatory authorities. Each director, officer or employee involved in the Company’s disclosure process, including the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer and the Chief Accounting Officer (sometimes referred to as the “senior financial officers”), is required to be familiar with and comply with the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, to the extent relevant to his or her area of responsibility, so that the Company’s public reports and documents filed with the SEC comply in all material respects with the applicable federal securities laws and SEC rules. In addition, each such person having direct or supervisory authority regarding these SEC filings or the Company’s other public communications concerning its general business, results, financial condition, or prospects should, to the extent appropriate within his or her area of responsibility, consult with other Company officers and employees and take appropriate steps regarding these disclosures with the goal of making full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure. To that end, each director, officer or employee who is involved in the Company’s disclosure process, including without limitation the senior financial officers, must:

•Familiarize himself or herself with the disclosure requirements applicable to the Company as well as the business and financial operations of the Company, to the extent relevant to his/her responsibilities.

•Not knowingly misrepresent, or cause others to misrepresent, facts about the Company to others, whether within or outside the Company, including

to the Company’s independent auditors, governmental regulators and self-regulatory organizations.

•Properly review and critically analyze proposed disclosure for accuracy and completeness (or, where appropriate, delegate this task to others).

•Take appropriate steps, including consulting with other Company officers and employees, to assure that reports and disclosures they issue comply with the spirit as well as the actual federal law and SEC regulations regarding full and accurate disclosures.

Dealing with Auditors, Examiners and Legal Counsel

All employees, officers and directors are required to respond honestly and with candor when dealing with the Company’s independent and internal auditors, regulators and attorneys.

Money Laundering Activities/the Bank Secrecy Act/OFAC

Both federal and state law prohibit the laundering of money or aiding and abetting the laundering or attempted laundering of money or avoidance of any Bank Secrecy Act reporting requirement.

Money is laundered to hide the criminal activity associated with it, including the crimes by which it is generated, e.g., drug trafficking, tax avoidance, counterfeiting, etc. Employees need to “know their customer,” and be alert to the dangers to the Company should it, even unwittingly, become involved in receiving or laundering proceeds of crimes.

Financial institutions and their affiliates are required to report any known or suspected laundering of money or the structuring of transactions to avoid Bank Secrecy Act reporting requirements. Employees must contact the Security and/or Compliance Officers immediately in the event any known or suspected criminal activity or transaction, or other suspicious or unusual activity, comes to their attention.

Federal law also prohibits the processing of any transactions involving a person, business, or government agency who is named on the Office of Foreign Assets Control’s Specially Designated Nationals list (“SDN”) or who is otherwise the subject of economic sanctions by the U.S. government. Employees are to immediately report any transaction, loan application, letter of credit application, or other bank account, service or document which may involve or make reference to an SDN to the Security and/or Compliance Officers.

Anti-Competitive Activities

Federal law prohibits any combination, conspiracy or agreement among competitors to restrict or prevent competition. A violation of the law can occur through a formal or informal agreement between the Company and a competitor to (1) fix prices; (2) allocate markets; or (3) refuse to deal with particular suppliers or customers.

If you are in contact with the Company’s competitors, you must avoid any agreements with them (or even circumstances that might give the appearance of such agreements)

relating to how the Company conducts or will conduct its business. You should be especially careful at social or professional gatherings and at trade association meetings. Discussions or exchanges of information relating to competitive matters (e.g., cost, pricing or strategy) must carefully be avoided.

In addition, federal law specifies that banks in general may not extend credit, lease or sell property of any kind, or furnish any service, on the condition that the customer: (1) obtain additional credit, property or service from the Company; (2) provide some additional credit, property or service to the Company; or (3) refrain from obtaining some other credit, property or service from a competitor of the Company. Employees may, however, cross-sell the Company’s products, and ask for our customer’s business.

Questions concerning anti-competitive issues should be directed to the Human Resources Director or the Chief Financial Officer.

Directors or Officers in Outside for Profit Companies

Employees, other than directors, may not serve as an officer, director, advisory director or on any committee of an outside for profit business organization without the prior written approval of the Chief Executive Officer. Directors who serve in such capacities must disclose those relationships yearly as required by Item 401 (e) (2) of Regulation S-K of the Securities Act of 1933. Employees serving in such capacities at the request of the Company are covered to a limited extent by the Company’s Director and Officer Liability Insurance policy. Any employee considering such service should confirm adequate liability insurance is maintained by the business organization for the employee’s protection and/or that the organization has taken appropriate action to indemnify its officers and directors to the extent permitted by law.

The foregoing does not apply to any fiduciary account where the Company finds it necessary or helpful for you to be appointed as an officer or director of an outside organization (e.g., where the Company holds or controls a substantial interest in the company because of its responsibilities). Such appointments may, under certain circumstances, require the approval of the Board of Directors.

Directors or Officers in Nonprofit Companies and Civic and Charitable Organizations

The Company recognizes the benefits of active participation by employees in nonprofit organizations, such as the Red Cross, United Way and community organizations. Appointments as a trustee, director or officer of a nonprofit religious, charitable or health and welfare organization are recognized as worthwhile community involvement. However, if you are considering an appointment as trustee, director or officer of a health and welfare organization (including but not limited to convalescent homes, hospitals or health maintenance organizations), you must obtain the prior written consent of the Chief Executive Officer. If you have been specifically asked by the Company to serve as a trustee, director or officer of a nonprofit organization, prior to serving you must notify the Company’s Chief Executive Officer in writing that you intend to serve as requested. Directors who serve in such capacities must disclose those relationships yearly in conjunction with the annual filing of the Company’s proxy statement. Employees serving in such capacities at the request of the Company are covered to a limited extent by the Company’s Director and Officer Liability Insurance policy.

Outside Employment

You are expected to devote full-time attention and energy to your career with the Company. The Company’s policy requires that you obtain the prior written consent of your department manager and the Human Resources Director prior to accepting any outside employment which would require a significant amount of your time.

You must avoid outside employment which involves or may appear to involve a conflict of interest. Examples include:

1. Employment by a company or personally engaging in any activity that is competitive with the Company.

2. Employment which involves the use of the Company’s equipment, supplies or facilities.

3. Employment which involves the preparation, audit or certification of statements, tax returns or other documents upon which the Company may place reliance for lending or other purposes. If you prepare income tax returns for individuals or entities other than yourself, you must obtain confirmation from your potential client that the client does not intend to use your work product as part of any transaction with the Company.

4. Employment which involves the rendering of investment, legal or other advice, or exercising judgment which is based upon information, reports or analyses that are accessible primarily from or through your employment with the Company.

5. Employment under circumstances which may suggest the sponsorship or support of the Company on behalf of the outside employer or an outside organization.

6. Employment as an insurance or securities broker, agent or representative.

7. Employment as a real estate salesperson, broker, agent or contractor (except with the prior written approval of the Human Resources Director). Prior written approval is required since there are a number of potential conflict of interest situations, as well as possible violations of banking laws, which must scrupulously be avoided in this area.

Solicitation and Distribution Activities

In order to minimize work interruptions and to maintain a businesslike environment, the Company restricts solicitation and distribution activities on its property. Unless officially sanctioned by the Company and approved by an executive officer of the Company, you may not permit: (1) the display of any advertisement or promotion, or the sale of any goods or services by others on Company property; and (2) nonemployees to solicit contributions or place literature on Company property.

You may not solicit contributions from other employees on your or their work time in work areas without prior approval of the department manager for fundraiser items (e.g., Girl Scout Cookies, school fund raising projects, etc.). Distribution of literature in work areas is also prohibited unless it is in the normal course of Company business (e.g., IRS forms, Company forms and Federal Reserve pamphlets).

Advice to Customers

A. Legal Advice

You may occasionally be asked by customers to make statements which relate to the legality of particular transactions. Neither the Company nor its employees are authorized to practice law for or provide legal advice to customers. As such, you must exercise care in your discussions with customers. Nothing must be said which might be interpreted as the giving of legal advice.

B. Tax or Investment Advice

You must avoid giving customers advice on tax matters, the preparation of tax returns, or investment decisions, except as may be appropriate in the performance of a fiduciary responsibility or as otherwise required in the ordinary course of your duties.

C. Recommending Other Firms to Customers

During the course of your contact with customers and the general public, you may occasionally be asked to recommend others who provide professional services. Typically, such requests involve attorneys, accountants, securities dealers, insurance agents, brokers and real estate agents. Customers who receive recommendations must be given several qualified sources, without indicating any preference or warranty by the Company, excluding only referral arrangements made by the Company.

Speeches and Articles for Publication

You may not speak on behalf of the Company or discuss the Company’s policies or procedures in articles, speeches or presentations without the prior written consent of the Chief Executive Officer. Although you are encouraged to prepare articles and make presentations in your individual capacity, you must avoid any appearance that you represent the Company with respect to such articles or presentations.

You may not use official Company stationery for personal correspondence or other non-work related purposes.

Neither you nor members of your immediate family may solicit honoraria for public speaking or writing services performed on behalf of the Company or by reason of the fact that you are an employee of the Company. You may not accept honoraria worth more than a nominal amount ($100) without the prior approval of the Human Resources Director. However, you may accept reimbursement of related expenses.

Political Activities

The Company believes that it is important for every citizen to take an active interest in political and governmental affairs. You are encouraged to keep yourself well informed concerning political issues and candidates and, to the degree practicable, take an active role in fostering better government. You should make it clear at all times, however, that your participation in political activities is done as a private citizen and not as a representative of the Company.

For legal and other reasons, your political activities must not be conducted during work hours and must not involve the use of the Company equipment, supplies or facilities. You may not make any political contributions (in the form of cash, goods or services) directly or indirectly (e.g., through reimbursement) on behalf of the Company.

If you run for political office or are considering a prominent role in a campaign or ballot measure, you are encouraged to consider the Company’s position.

If the amount of time required by your political activities is significant and may have an adverse effect on your overall performance, prior notice and approval by the Human Resources Director is required. If you become involved in political activities, you should also seek competent legal advice concerning the laws governing campaign financing and practices.

Under no circumstances may you make any payment to any government official or other person or organization which might in any way be construed to be improper, illegal, a bribe, a kickback, etc. If any transaction with a government official or other person or organization seems even remotely questionable, it must be referred to the Chief Financial Officer for a determination as to its propriety.

Although it is the Company’s policy not to endorse individual candidates in an election, you are free to express your own opinions, as long as it is clear that they are your own personal opinions. You may not write supportive letters for candidates or issues on Company stationery or act in any way which suggests the Company’s support of or opposition to a candidate or issue. When the Company deems it appropriate to take a public position on issues, it will designate specific individuals to speak on its behalf.

The roles of treasurer and assistant treasurer in political campaigns can present unusual problems because of the complex nature of the laws governing campaign contributions. A potential conflict of interest can also arise because of an employee’s access to insider information and customer lists. Accordingly, you should normally decline to accept such positions if there is any potential for a conflict of interest (or any appearance of a conflict). You must never use customer lists or exploit your business relationship with customers for the benefit of any campaign.

Reporting Procedures

All employees have a duty to report any violations of this Code, as well as violations of any laws, rules, or regulations. Employees also have a duty to report any transaction or relationship that could reasonably be expected to give rise to a conflict of interest.

If you are aware of a potential conflict of interest or believe that the Code has been violated by an employee you must promptly report the violation to his or her direct supervisor, the Human Resources Director or such other personnel listed in this Code. If a report is made to a person other than the Human Resources Director, such person must in turn report the violation to the Human Resources Director. All violations by an officer or director of the Company must be reported directly to the Human Resources Director. Employees may also choose to report any violations regarding record keeping or financial reporting to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.

Reports may be made in person, by telephone, or in writing by sending a description of the violation and the names of the parties involved to the appropriate personnel mentioned in the preceding paragraph or to the personnel listed in this Code. Reports to

the Human Resources Director may be sent to the following address: 504 Redwood Blvd., Suite 100, Novato CA 94947. Reports to the Audit Committee may be sent to the following address: 504 Redwood Blvd., Suite 100, Novato CA 94947.

The Company maintains a separate and confidential Alert Line Whistleblower Policy which is available on the Company’s intranet site and is incorporated by reference in this Code of Ethics. The “whistleblower” process allows for the anonymous reporting of financial misdealing, fraud, or inappropriate accounting, financial reporting or internal control procedures within the Company. Additional reporting information is available on the Company’s intranet site under the Alert Line Whistleblower section.

When reporting a violation, you may choose to remain anonymous. However, if you make an anonymous report, you should create and preserve your own record of this report in order to be able to demonstrate your compliance with the requirement of reporting violations. Generally speaking, every effort will be made to maintain the confidentiality of reports of potential violations. However, there may be a point where the identity of the reporting employee may become known or may have to be revealed in the course of the investigation or to take corrective action.

The Company does not permit retaliation of any kind against employees for good faith reports of ethical violations. Any employee who attempts to or encourages others to retaliate against an individual who has reported a violation will be subject to disciplinary action.

Disciplinary Action

The Company has implemented the following disciplinary policies to ensure that prompt and consistent actions are taken in response to Code violations:

A. Range of Penalties

All violations of this Code will be treated seriously and will result in the prompt imposition of penalties which may include (1) an oral or written warning, (2) a reprimand, (3) suspension, (4) termination and/or (5) restitution. Material violations will also be reported to the appropriate regulatory agencies or other authorities.

B. Disciplinary Process

The penalty for a particular violation of this Code will be decided on a case-by-case basis and will depend on the nature and severity of the violation as well as the employee’s history of non-compliance and cooperation in the disciplinary process. Significant penalties will be imposed for violations resulting from intentional or reckless behavior. Penalties may also be imposed when an employee fails to report a violation due to the employee’s indifference, deliberate ignorance or reckless conduct. Where there is credible evidence of a violation, the Human Resources Director will determine the appropriate sanction with the assistance of appropriate members of Executive Management.

C. Consistent Enforcement

All employees, officers and directors will be treated equally with respect to the imposition of disciplinary measures. Pursuant to this policy, all levels of employees will be subject to the same disciplinary action for the commission of a similar offense.

Changes Made to the Code of Ethical Conduct / Waiver

Any change in the Company’s Code of Ethics must be approved by the Company’s board of directors and disclosed as required by SEC and Nasdaq rules. From time to time the Company may waive some provisions of this Code. Any waiver of the Code for executive officers or directors of the Company may be made only by the Board of Directors and must be disclosed as required by SEC or Nasdaq rules. Any waiver for other employees may be made only by Director of Human Resources.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF RECEIPT

Fill in the required information below and return this form to the Human Resources Department to acknowledge receipt of your copy of the Amended and Restated Code of Ethical Conduct.

……………………....……………………………………………………

ACKNOWLEDGMENT BY EMPLOYEE/DIRECTOR

This will confirm that I have received a copy of Bank of Marin Bancorp and Bank of Marin Code of Ethical Conduct. I have read the Code, understand it, and agree to follow its guidelines. I understand that compliance with the Code of Ethical Conduct is a very important matter and that a violation will be the basis for disciplinary action, including, if appropriate, termination of employment. I certify that, to the best of my knowledge, I am in compliance with the provisions of the Code of Ethical Conduct, except as set forth below.

Exceptions:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________ ___________________

Signature Date

_____________________________

Name (please print)

Exhibit 19.01

Bank of Marin Bancorp and Bank of Marin

INSIDER TRADING POLICY

Adopted by the Board of Directors 10/18/2007

Reviewed for Update

on September 26, 2024

Bank of Marin Bancorp

Insider Trading Policy

As a publicly traded company, Bank of Marin Bancorp is governed by numerous rules and regulations enacted by the Federal government, state legislatures, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). Compliance with the letter and spirit of these

regulations is a priority for our company. We have, therefore, developed guidelines and policies to avoid even the appearance of improper conduct on the part of anyone employed or associated with Bank of Marin Bancorp and its subsidiaries.

OVERVIEW

This Policy provides guidelines to employees, officers and directors of Bank of Marin Bancorp, and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Company”) with respect to transactions in the Company’s securities as well as transactions involving securities of the Company’s business partners (as defined below).

Applicability of Policy

This Policy applies to all transactions in the Company’s securities, including common stock, awards of stock compensation and any other securities the Company may issue from time to time, such as preferred stock, warrants and convertible debentures, as well as to derivative securities relating to the Company’s stock. It applies to all executive officers of the Company, all members of the Company’s Board of Directors, and all employees of, and consultants and contractors to, the Company who receive or have access to Material Nonpublic Information (as defined below) regarding the Company. This group of people, members of their immediate families, and members of their households are sometimes referred to in this Policy as “Insiders.” This Policy also applies to any person who receives Material Nonpublic Information regardless of the source.

Any person who possesses Material Nonpublic Information regarding the Company is an Insider for so long as the information is not publicly known. Any employee can be an Insider from time to time, and would at those times be subject to this Policy.

General Policy Statement

It is the policy of the Company to oppose the unauthorized disclosure of any nonpublic information acquired by any means and misuse of Material Nonpublic Information in securities trading.

Specific Policies

1.Trading on Material Nonpublic Information. No director, officer or employee of the Company, and no member of the immediate family or household of any such person, or consultant or contractor to the Company, shall engage in any transaction involving a purchase or sale of the Company’s securities, including any offer to purchase or offer to sell, during any period commencing with the date that he or she possesses Material Nonpublic Information concerning the Company, and ending at the close of business on the second Trading Day following the date of public disclosure of that information, or at such time as such nonpublic information is no longer material. As used herein, the term “Trading Day” shall mean a day on which national stock exchanges and the Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) are open for trading.

2.Tipping. No director, officer, or employee shall disclose (“tip”) Material Nonpublic Information to any other person (including family members) where such information may be used by such person to his or her profit by trading in the securities of companies to which such information relates, nor shall such Insider or related person make recommendations or express opinions on the basis of Material Nonpublic Information as to trading in the Company’s securities.

3.Confidentiality of Nonpublic Information. Nonpublic Information relating to the Company is the property of the Company and the unauthorized disclosure of such information is forbidden.

Potential Criminal and Civil Liability and/or Disciplinary Action

1.Liability for Insider Trading. Current laws indicate Insiders may be subject to criminal penalties of up to $5 million and up to twenty years in prison for engaging in transactions in the Company’s securities at a time when they have knowledge of Material Nonpublic Information regarding the Company. Additionally, Insiders may be liable for treble damages on any gains made (or losses avoided) by such Insider on a trade based upon Material Nonpublic Information.

2.Liability for Tipping. Insiders (acting as “tipper”) may also be liable for improper transactions by any person to whom he or she has disclosed Material Nonpublic Information regarding the Company or to whom he or she has made recommendations or expressed opinions on the basis of such information as to trading in the Company’s securities. The SEC has imposed large penalties even when the disclosing person did not profit from trading. The SEC, the stock exchanges and FINRA use sophisticated electronic surveillance techniques to uncover insider trading.

3.Possible Disciplinary Actions. Directors, officers, and employees of the Company who violate this Policy shall also be subject to disciplinary action by the Company, which may include ineligibility for future participation in the Company’s incentive plans or termination of employment.

Guidelines

1.Mandatory Trading Window for Insiders. An Insider cannot engage in the purchase or sale of the Company securities during the following periods:

•For the period beginning twenty-one (21) calendar days prior to the end of the quarter and ending at the close of business on the second Trading Day following the public issuance of the Company’s quarterly financial information.

•While in possession of Material Nonpublic Information.

Accordingly, to ensure compliance with this Policy and applicable federal and state securities laws, all directors, officers and employees having access to the Company’s internal financial statements or other Material Nonpublic Information shall refrain from conducting transactions involving the purchase or sale of the Company’s securities other than during the period (the “Trading Window”) commencing at the close of business on the second Trading Day following the date of public disclosure of the financial results for a particular fiscal quarter or year and continuing until twenty-one calendar days prior to the end of the quarter.

From time to time, the Company may also recommend that directors, officers, selected employees and others suspend trading because of developments known to the Company and not yet disclosed to the public. In such event, such persons are advised not to engage in any transaction involving the purchase or sale of the Company’s securities during such period and should not disclose to others the fact of such suspension of trading. This recommendation will be initiated by the Executive Leadership Team and distributed by the President & Chief Executive Officer or the Corporate Secretary’s Office.

It should be emphasized, however, that even during the trading window, any person possessing Material Nonpublic Information concerning the Company should not engage in any transactions in the Company’s securities until such information has been known publicly for at least two Trading Days, whether or not the Company has recommended a suspension of trading to that person. Trading the Company’s securities during the trading window should not be considered a “safe harbor,” and all directors, officers and other persons must use good judgment at all times.

2. Preclearance of Trades. Even if a Trading Window is open, it is mandatory that Directors, Executive Officers, Executive Vice Presidents, Senior Vice Presidents and First Vice Presidents (“Covered Persons”) obtain “preclearance” before engaging in any transaction involving securities of the Company, including discretionary transactions in securities that occur in connection with any of the Company’s employee benefit plans. Transactions include not only purchases and sales of securities or derivative securities, but gifts, donations or other transfers for charitable, tax, estate planning or other purposes. Covered Persons must contact the President & Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer or the Corporate Secretary of the Company to discuss the transaction and make sure that there is no pending material event which could create an appearance of improper trading. The Company may find it necessary, from time to time, to require compliance with the preclearance process from certain employees, consultants and contractors in addition to the Covered Persons. In addition, any other person covered by this Policy is highly encouraged to comply with the Company’s “preclearance” process. Employees may contact the President & Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer or the Corporate Secretary prior to engaging in any transaction involving Company securities to discuss the transaction and make sure that there is no pending material event which could create an appearance of improper trading.

Directors and executive officers of the Company subject to reporting requirements under Section 16 of the Exchange Act for trading activity cannot engage in the purchase or sale of the Company stock as follows:

•A purchase cannot be made within six months of a sale of Company stock.

•A sale cannot be made within six months of a purchase of Company stock.

Any employee with any questions regarding trading in the Company’s securities is encouraged to contact the President & Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer or the Corporate Secretary.

3. Individual Responsibility. Every officer, director and employee has the individual responsibility to comply with this Policy, regardless of whether the Company has provided notice of the opening or

closing of a mandatory Trading Window for designated Insiders of the Company. The guidelines set forth in the Policy are guidelines only, and appropriate judgment should be exercised in connection with any trade in the Company’s securities.

An Insider may, from time to time, have to forego a proposed transaction in the Company’s securities even if he or she planned to make the transaction before learning of the Material Nonpublic Information and even though the Insider believes he or she may suffer an economic loss or forego anticipated profit by waiting.

Procedures for Preclearance of Trades

To provide assistance in preventing inadvertent violations and avoiding even the appearance of an improper transaction, the procedures set forth below must be followed by each Covered Person, and by other employees who may have access to Material Nonpublic Information.

No Covered Person, or other employee who may have access to Material Nonpublic Information may trade in Company securities until:

•the person trading has notified the President & Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer or the Corporate Secretary (“Authorized Company Officer”1) of the Company in writing, no less than 24 hours prior to any anticipated trade, by completing an Insider Trading Preclearance Form,

•the person trading has certified to the Authorized Company Officer1 that (i) he or she is not in possession of Material Nonpublic Information concerning the Company and (ii) the proposed trade(s) do not violate the trading restrictions of Sections 10b (and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder) or 16 of the Exchange Act or Rule 144 of the Securities Act, and

•the Authorized Company Officer1 has approved the trade(s), and has certified the approval in writing.

An Insider Trading Preclearance Form is attached to this Policy. Any individual requesting approval of trading in the Company’s securities should use this form.

Applicability of Policy to Inside Information Regarding Other Companies

This Policy and the guidelines described herein also apply to Material Nonpublic Information relating to other companies, including the Company’s depositors and borrowers, vendors or suppliers (“business partners”), potential acquirers or acquirees when information is obtained in the course of employment with, or other services performed on behalf of, the Company. Employees and directors who learn of Material Information about such companies through their work at the Company should keep it confidential and not buy or sell stock in such companies until the information becomes public. Civil and criminal penalties, and termination of employment, may result from trading on inside information regarding the Company’s business partners. All employees should treat Material Nonpublic Information about the Company’s business partners with the same care required with respect to information related directly to the Company.

1 All securities trades executed by the President and Chief Executive Officer must receive prior approval of the Chairman of the Board or the Chairman of the Audit Committee

Definition of Material Nonpublic Information

It is not possible to define all categories of “Material Information.” However, information should be regarded as “Material Information” if there is a reasonable likelihood that it would (i) be considered important to an investor in making an investment decision regarding the purchase, sale or holding of the Company’s securities, or (ii) alter significantly the market price of the Company’s securities. Either positive or negative information may be Material Information.

While it may be difficult under this standard to determine whether particular information is Material Information, there are various categories of information that are particularly sensitive and, as a general rule, should always be considered Material Information. Examples of such Material Information may include:

•Financial results

•Projections of future earnings or losses

•Significant changes in credit quality of the loan portfolio

•Results of product development

•News of a pending or proposed merger or joint venture or acquisition

•News of the acquisition or disposition of a subsidiary, business or branch

•Impending bankruptcy or financial liquidity problems

•Gain or loss of a substantial customer or supplier

•Changes in dividend policy, including increases or decreases in dividends

•New product announcements of a significant nature

•Significant product pricing changes

•Stock splits

•New equity or debt offerings

•Significant litigation exposure due to actual or threatened litigation

•Major changes in senior management

•Changes in previously disclosed financial information

•Extraordinary borrowings

•Stock repurchase programs

•Pending regulatory enforcement actions

•Security breaches of the Company’s computer networks

Nonpublic Information is information that has not been previously disclosed to the general public and is otherwise not available to the general public.

Certain Exceptions

For purposes of this Policy, the Company considers that the exercise of stock options for cash or in a netting transaction under the Company’s stock option plans (but not the sale of any such shares) is exempt from this Policy, since the other party to the transaction is the Company itself and the price does not vary with the market, but is fixed by the terms of the option agreement or the plan.

Additional Information – Directors and Officers

Directors and executive officers of the Company must also comply with the reporting obligations and limitation on short-swing profit transactions set forth in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. The practical effect of these provisions is that named executive officers and directors who purchase and sell or sell and purchase the Company’s securities within a six-month period must disgorge all profits to the Company whether or not they had knowledge of any Material Nonpublic Information. Moreover, no named executive officer or director may ever make a short sale2 of the Company’s stock. The Company has provided, and will continue to provide, separate memoranda and other appropriate materials to its named executive officers and directors regarding compliance with Section 16 of the Exchange Act and its related rules.

Anti-Hedging and Pledging

The Company considers it inappropriate for any Executive Officer or Director to hedge or monetize transactions to lock in the value of his/her Company stock holdings. Therefore, Executive Officers and Directors are prohibited from engaging in any transactions (such as puts, calls, options or other derivative securities) with respect to Company equity securities held by them to hedge or offset any decrease in the market value of those equity securities.

Executive Officers and Directors are also prohibited from purchasing Company equity securities on margin, borrowing against Company equity securities on margin or pledging Company equity securities as collateral for a loan.

Inquiries

Please direct your questions as to any of the matters discussed in this Policy to the Company’s President & Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer or Corporate Secretary.

2 Short selling (or “selling short”) is a technique used by investors who try to profit from the falling price of a stock. The investor’s broker will borrow the shares from someone who owns them with the promise that the investor will return them later. The investor immediately sells the borrowed shares at the current market price. If the price of the shares drops, he/she “covers the short position” by buying back the shares, and his/her broker returns them to the lender. The profit is the difference between the price at which the stock was sold and the cost to buy it back, minus commissions and expenses for borrowing the stock.

BANK OF MARIN BANCORP

AGREEMENT REGARDING PRONOUNCEMENT

OF POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

(INSIDER TRADING)

The undersigned hereby certifies that he or she has read and understands the Insider Trading Policy of Bank of Marin Bancorp and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”).

I agree to strictly abide by the Policies and Procedures and agree and understand that failure to do so constitutes grounds for my immediate dismissal. I agree that, prior to taking any action potentially inconsistent with the Policies and Procedures, I will request clarification thereon from my supervisor.

Name:

Signature:

Address:

Date:

Acknowledged and Agreed to this ___ day of __________, 20__

BANK OF MARIN BANCORP

By:

Name:

Title:

Exhibit 21.01

Bank of Marin Bancorp


Name of Subsidiary			Jurisdiction of Incorporation
Bank of Marin			California

EXHIBIT 23.01

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-3 (No. 333-284506) and Form S-8 (No. 333-218274, No. 333-221219, No. 333-227840 and No. 333-239555) of Bank of Marin Bancorp (the “Company”), of our report dated March 14, 2025, relating to the consolidated financial statements of the Company and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of the Company, appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2024.

/s/ Moss Adams LLP

Portland, Oregon

March 14, 2025

EXHIBIT 31.01

Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to §302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Timothy D. Myers, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Bank of Marin Bancorp (the Registrant);

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The Registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a -15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiary, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The Registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant's Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting, which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant's internal controls over financial reporting.


March 14, 2025						/s/ Timothy D. Myers
Date						Timothy D. Myers
						President &
						Chief Executive Officer

EXHIBIT 31.02

Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to §302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, David Bonaccorso, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Bank of Marin Bancorp (the Registrant);

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant's internal controls over financial reporting.


March 14, 2025						/s/ David Bonaccorso
Date						David Bonaccorso
						Executive Vice President &
						Chief Financial Officer

EXHIBIT 32.01

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 as adopted pursuant to §906

of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the annual report on Form 10-K of Bank of Marin Bancorp (the Registrant) for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the undersigned hereby certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1) such Form 10-K fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2) the information contained in such Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material

respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Registrant.


March 14, 2025						/s/ Timothy D. Myers
Date						Timothy D. Myers
						President &
						Chief Executive Officer


March 14, 2025						/s/ David Bonaccorso
Date						David Bonaccorso
						Executive Vice President &
						Chief Financial Officer

This certification accompanies each report pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, be deemed filed by the Registrant for purposes of §18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

EXHIBIT 97.1

Bank of Marin Bancorp

Incentive Compensation Recovery Policy

Effective October 23, 2024

Table of Contents

Statement of Purpose................................................................................................................................ 2

Authority and Responsibility.................................................................................................................... 2

Definitions:............................................................................................................................................... 2

Incentive-Based Compensation received by Covered Employees:.......................................................... 3

Required Recoupment of Erroneously Awarded Compensation:............................................................ 3

Amount Subject to Recovery:.................................................................................................................. 4

Method of Recoupment:........................................................................................................................... 4

No Indemnification of Covered Executives:............................................................................................ 5

Administrator Indemnification:................................................................................................................ 5

Other Recoupment Rights; Company Claims.......................................................................................... 5

Successors:............................................................................................................................................... 5

Exhibit Filing Requirement...................................................................................................................... 5

Annual Review of the Policy................................................................................................................... 5

Allocation of Resources........................................................................................................................... 6

Effective Date; Retroactive Application.................................................................................................. 6

Statement of Purpose:

The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Bank of Marin Bancorp (the “Company”) believes that it is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders to adopt this Incentive Compensation Recovery Policy (the “Policy”), which provides for the recovery of certain incentive compensation in the event of an Accounting Restatement (as defined below). This Policy is designed to comply with, and shall be interpreted to be consistent with, Section 10D of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), Rule 10D-1 promulgated under the Exchange Act (“Rule 10D-1”), The Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) Listing Rule 5608 (the “Listing Standards”) and Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Authority and Responsibility:

Except as specifically set forth herein, this Policy shall be administered by the Board Compensation Committee (the “Administrator”). The Administrator is authorized to interpret and construe this Policy and to make all determinations necessary, appropriate or advisable for the administration of this Policy. Any determinations made by the Administrator shall be final and binding on all affected individuals and need not be uniform with respect to each individual covered by the Policy. In the administration of this Policy, the Administrator is authorized and directed to consult with the full Board or such other committees of the Board, such as the Audit Committee, as may be necessary or appropriate as to matters within the scope of such other committee’s responsibility and authority. Subject to any limitation at applicable law, the Administrator may authorize and empower any officer or employee of the Company to take any and all actions necessary or appropriate to carry out the purpose and intent of this Policy (other than with respect to any recovery under this Policy involving such officer or employee).

Definitions:

As used in this Policy, the following definitions shall apply:

“Accounting Restatement” means an accounting restatement of the Company’s financial statements due to the Company’s material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, including any required accounting restatement to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements, or that would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period.

“Administrator” has the meaning set forth in “Authority and Responsibility” section above.

“Applicable Period” means the three completed fiscal years immediately preceding the date on which the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement, as well as any transition period (that results from a change in the Company’s fiscal year) within or immediately following those three completed fiscal years (except that a transition period that comprises a period of at least nine months shall count as a completed fiscal year). The “date on which the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement” is the earlier to occur of (a) the date the Board concludes, or reasonably should have concluded, that the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement or (b) the date a court, regulator or other legally authorized body directs the Company to prepare an Accounting Restatement, in each case regardless of if or when the restated financial statements are filed.

“Covered Executives” means the Company’s current and former executive officers, including executive officers of subsidiaries if they perform policy making functions for the Company. Consistent with the definition of executive officer set forth in Rule 10D-1 and the Listing Standards, this group includes the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Financial Officer, Principal or Chief Accounting Officer or if such position has not been designated, the controller, and any vice-president in charge of a principal business unit, division, or function (such as sales, administration or finance), any other officer who performs policy-making functions, or any other person who performs similar policy-making functions. Policy-making function does not include policy-making functions that are not significant. Covered Executives include all “executive officers” included in the Company’s annual proxy statement or other filings with the Securities Exchange Commission in response to Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K.

“Erroneously Awarded Compensation” has the meaning set forth in the “Amount Subject to Recovery” section of this Policy below.

A “Financial Reporting Measure” is any measure that is determined and presented in accordance with the accounting principles used in preparing the Company’s financial statements, and any measure that is derived wholly or in part from such measure. Financial Reporting Measures also include but are not limited to Company stock price and total shareholder return (“TSR”), as outlined in Rule 10D-1 and the Listing Standards. A Financial Reporting Measure need not be presented within the Company’s financial statements or included in a filing with the Securities Exchange Commission.

“Incentive-Based Compensation” means any compensation that is granted, earned or vested based wholly or in part upon the attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure. Incentive-Based Compensation is “received” for purposes of this Policy in the Company’s fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure specified in the Incentive-Based Compensation award is attained, even if the payment or grant of such Incentive-Based Compensation occurs after the end of that period.

Incentive-Based Compensation received by Covered Employees:

This Policy applies to Incentive-Based Compensation received on or after October 2, 2023, by a Covered Executive (a) after beginning services as a Covered Executive; (b) if that person served as a Covered Executive at any time during the performance period for such Incentive-Based Compensation; and (c) while the Company has a listed class of securities on a national securities exchange or a national securities association. Recovery of compensation is not required (1) with respect to any compensation received while an individual was serving in a non-executive capacity prior to becoming an executive officer or (2) from any individual who is an executive officer on the date on which the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement but who was not an executive officer at any time during the performance period for which the incentive-based compensation is received.

Required Recoupment of Erroneously Awarded Compensation:

In the event the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement, the Company shall promptly recoup the amount of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation received by any Covered Executive, as calculated pursuant to the “Amount Subject to Recovery” section below, during the Applicable Period.

Amount Subject to Recovery:

The amount of “Erroneously Awarded Compensation” subject to recovery under the Policy, as determined by the Administrator, is the amount of Incentive-Based Compensation received by the Covered Executive that exceeds the amount of Incentive-Based Compensation that would have been received by the Covered Executive had it been determined based on the restated amounts. Notably, the amount of incentive compensation subject to recoupment is determined on a “no fault” basis, meaning that the executive whose incentive compensation is subject to recoupment, may have had no fault or role related to the restatement.

Erroneously Awarded Compensation shall be computed by the Administrator without regard to any taxes paid by the Covered Executive in respect of the Erroneously Awarded Compensation.

For Incentive-Based Compensation based on stock price or TSR: (a) the Administrator shall determine the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the Accounting Restatement on the stock price or TSR upon which the Incentive-Based Compensation was received; and (b) the Company shall maintain documentation of the determination of that reasonable estimate and provide such documentation to Nasdaq upon request.

Method of Recoupment:

The Administrator shall determine, in its sole discretion, the timing and method for reasonably promptly recouping Erroneously Awarded Compensation hereunder, which may include without limitation (a) seeking reimbursement of all or part of any cash or equity-based award, (b) cancelling prior cash or equity-based awards, whether vested or unvested or paid or unpaid, (c) cancelling or offsetting against any planned future cash or equity-based awards, (d) forfeiture of deferred compensation, subject to compliance with Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (e) any other method authorized by applicable law or contract. Subject to compliance with any applicable law, the Administrator may effect recovery under this Policy from any amount otherwise payable to the Covered Executive, including amounts payable to such individual under any otherwise applicable Company plan or program, including base salary, bonuses or commissions and compensation previously deferred by the Covered Executive.

The Company is authorized and directed pursuant to this Policy to recoup Erroneously Awarded Compensation in compliance with this Policy unless the Compensation Committee of the Board has determined that recovery would be impracticable solely for the following limited reasons, and subject to the following procedural and disclosure requirements:

a.The direct expense paid to a third party to assist in enforcing the Policy would exceed the amount to be recovered. Before concluding that it would be impracticable to recover any amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation based on expense of enforcement, the Administrator must make a reasonable attempt to recover such erroneously awarded compensation, document such reasonable attempt(s) to recover and provide that documentation to Nasdaq; or

a.Recovery would likely cause an otherwise tax-qualified retirement plan, under which benefits are broadly available to employees of the Company, to fail to meet the requirements of 26

U.S.C. 401(a)(13) or 26 U.S.C. 411(a) and regulations thereunder.

No Indemnification of Covered Executives:

Notwithstanding the terms of any indemnification or insurance policy or any contractual arrangement with any Covered Executive that may be interpreted to the contrary, the Company shall not indemnify any Covered Executives against the loss of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation, including any payment or reimbursement for the cost of third-party insurance purchased by any Covered Executives to fund potential clawback obligations under this Policy.

Administrator Indemnification:

Any members of the Administrator, and any other members of the Board who assist in the administration of this Policy, shall not be personally liable for any action, determination or interpretation made with respect to this Policy and shall be fully indemnified by the Company to the fullest extent under applicable law and Company policy with respect to any such action, determination or interpretation. The foregoing sentence shall not limit any other rights to indemnification of the members of the Board under applicable law, Company charter documents or policy, or any agreement between the member and the Company.

Other Recoupment Rights; Company Claims:

The Board intends that this Policy shall be applied to the fullest extent of the law. Any right of recoupment under this Policy is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other remedies or rights of recoupment that may be available to the Company under applicable law or pursuant to the terms of any similar policy in any employment agreement, equity award agreement, or similar agreement and any other legal remedies available to the Company.

Nothing contained in this Policy, and no recoupment or recovery as contemplated by this Policy, shall limit any claims, damages or other legal remedies the Company or any of its affiliates may have against a Covered Executive arising out of or resulting from any actions or omissions by the Covered Executive.

Successors:

This Policy shall be binding and enforceable against all Covered Executives and their beneficiaries, heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives.

Exhibit Filing Requirement

A copy of this Policy and any amendments shall be filed as an exhibit to the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K.

Annual Review of the Policy:

The Company’s Incentive Compensation Recovery Policy will be reviewed and approved by the Compensation Committee and/or independent members of the Board of Directors annually. Further, the Compensation Committee may amend, modify, supplement, rescind, or replace all or any portion of this Policy at any time and from time to time in its discretion as it deems necessary to comply with applicable law or any rules or standards adopted by Nasdaq.

Allocation of Resources:

The Company will allocate the resources required to implement the guidelines established by the Incentive Compensation Recovery Policy and will provide the staffing and additional resources needed to accomplish the goals stated herein.

Effective Date; Retroactive Application:

This Policy shall be effective as of October 2, 2023 the (“Effective Date”). The terms of this Policy shall apply to any Incentive-Based Compensation that is received by Covered Executives on or after the Effective Date, even if such Incentive-Based Compensation was approved, awarded, granted or paid to Covered Executives prior to the Effective Date. Without limiting the generality of “Method of Recoupment” Section hereof, and subject to applicable law, the Administrator may affect recovery under this Policy from any amount of compensation approved, awarded, granted, payable or paid to the Covered Executive prior to