Document and Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018	Feb. 01, 2019	Jun. 29, 2018
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	MATERION Corp
Entity Central Index Key	0001104657
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Document Type	10-K
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		20,238,146
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 1,082,760,630

Consolidated Statements of Income - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net sales	$ 1,207,815	$ 1,139,447	$ 969,236
Cost of sales	956,710	926,618	784,708
Gross margin	251,105	212,829	184,528
Selling, general, and administrative expense	153,489	144,280	128,972
Research and development expense	15,187	13,981	12,802
Restructuring expense	5,599	644	2,586
Other - net	15,334	13,893	11,288
Operating profit	61,496	40,031	28,880
Interest expense - net	2,471	2,183	1,789
Other non-operating expense-net	42,683	1,452	1,776
Income before income taxes	16,342	36,396	25,315
Income tax (benefit) expense	(4,504)	24,945	(425)
Net income	$ 20,846	$ 11,451	$ 25,740
Basic earnings per share:
Net income per share of common stock (in usd per share)	$ 1.03	$ 0.57	$ 1.29
Diluted earnings per share:
Net income per share of common stock (in usd per share)	1.01	0.56	1.27
Cash dividends per share	$ 0.415	$ 0.395	$ 0.375
Weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic	20,212	20,027	19,983
Diluted	20,613	20,415	20,213

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 20,846	$ 11,451	$ 25,740
Other comprehensive income:
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(484)	1,552	(172)
Derivative and hedging activity, net of tax benefit (expense) of $672, ($271), and ($149)	138	(1,074)	258
Pension and post-employment benefit adjustment, net of tax benefit (expense) of ($13,300), ($13,820), and $4,555	45,049	(17,234)	(5,562)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	44,703	(16,756)	(5,476)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$ 65,549	$ (5,305)	$ 20,264

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References + Details

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Derivative and hedging activity, tax benefit (expense)	$ 672	$ (271)	$ (149)
Pension and post employment benefit adjustment, tax benefit (expense)	$ (13,300)	$ (13,820)	$ 4,555

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 20,846	$ 11,451	$ 25,740
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization	35,524	42,751	45,651
Amortization of deferred financing costs in interest expense	1,009	919	666
Stock-based compensation expense (non-cash)	5,313	4,957	3,174
Amortization of pension and post-retirement costs	5,551	4,865	4,060
Loss (gain) on sale of property, plant, and equipment	518	234	(648)
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense	(1,318)	20,256	(9,010)
Pension settlement charges	41,406	0	120
Changes in assets and liabilities net of acquired assets and liabilities:
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable	(7,219)	(18,484)	(4,096)
Decrease (increase) in inventory	4,234	(9,462)	10,791
Decrease (increase) in prepaid and other current assets	1,162	(11,606)	658
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses	8,820	34,433	2,758
Increase (decrease) in unearned revenue	477	4,336	(2,590)
Increase (decrease) in interest and taxes payable	435	(514)	2,511
Domestic pension plan contributions	(42,000)	(16,000)	(16,000)
Other — net	1,616	(341)	4,395
Net cash provided from operating activities	76,374	67,795	68,180
Cash flows from investing activities:
Payments for purchase of property, plant, and equipment	(27,702)	(27,516)	(27,177)
Payments for mine development	(6,558)	(1,560)	(9,861)
Payments for acquisition	0	(16,504)	(1,750)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant, and equipment	432	2,222	1,433
Net cash (used in) investing activities	(33,828)	(43,358)	(37,355)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayment of short-term debt	0	0	(8,305)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt	0	55,000	10,000
Repayment of long-term debt	(777)	(55,797)	(10,694)
Principal payments under capital lease obligations	(861)	(843)	(736)
Cash dividends paid	(8,389)	(7,913)	(7,496)
Deferred financing costs	0	(300)	(1,000)
Repurchase of common stock	(422)	(1,086)	(3,798)
Payments of withholding taxes for stock-based compensation awards	(3,156)	(4,506)	(1,089)
Net cash (used in) financing activities	(13,605)	(15,445)	(23,118)
Effects of exchange rate changes	(140)	1,388	(479)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	28,801	10,380	7,228
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	41,844	31,464	24,236
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 70,645	$ 41,844	$ 31,464

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 70,645	$ 41,844
Accounts receivable	130,538	124,014
Inventories	214,871	220,352
Prepaid and other current assets	23,299	24,733
Total current assets	439,353	410,943
Deferred income taxes	5,616	17,047
Property, plant, and equipment	898,251	891,789
Less allowances for depreciation, depletion, and amortization	(647,233)	(636,211)
Property, plant, and equipment — net	251,018	255,578
Intangible assets	6,461	9,847
Other assets	7,236	6,992
Goodwill	90,657	90,677
Total Assets	800,341	791,084
Current liabilities
Short-term debt	823	777
Accounts payable	49,622	49,059
Salaries and wages	47,501	42,694
Other liabilities and accrued items	33,301	28,044
Income taxes	2,615	1,084
Unearned revenue	5,918	5,451
Total current liabilities	139,780	127,109
Other long-term liabilities	14,764	14,895
Capital lease obligations	15,221	16,072
Retirement and post-employment benefits	38,853	93,225
Unearned income	32,563	36,905
Long-term income taxes	2,993	4,857
Deferred income taxes	195	213
Long-term debt	2,066	2,827
Shareholders’ equity
Serial preferred stock (no par value; 5,000 authorized shares, none issued)	0	0
Common stock (no par value; 60,000 authorized shares, issued shares of 27,148 for both 2018 and 2017)	234,704	223,484
Retained earnings	548,374	536,116
Common stock in treasury (6,906 shares for 2018 and 7,042 shares for 2017)	(175,426)	(166,128)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(58,234)	(102,937)
Other equity	4,488	4,446
Total shareholders’ equity	553,906	494,981
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$ 800,341	$ 791,084

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares shares in Thousands, $ / shares in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Serial preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Serial preferred stock, shares authorized	5,000	5,000
Serial preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Common stock, shares authorized	60,000	60,000
Common stock, shares, issued	27,148	27,148
Treasury stock, shares	6,906	7,042

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Retained Earnings	Common Stock In Treasury	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Other Equity Transactions
Beginning balances at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 482,957	$ 208,967	$ 499,659	$ (148,559)	$ (80,705)	$ 3,595
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	25,740	0	25,740	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(5,476)	0	0	0	(5,476)	0
Pension settlement charges	120
Cash dividends declared	(7,496)	0	(7,496)	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation activity	2,002	3,764	0	(1,762)	0	0
Repurchase of 147, 32 and 10 shares for the years ended 2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively	(3,798)	0	0	(3,798)	0	0
Directors' deferred compensation	160	(29)	0	(280)	0	469
Ending balances at Dec. 31, 2016	494,089	212,702	517,903	(154,399)	(86,181)	4,064
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	11,451	0	11,451	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(16,756)	0	0	0	(2,081)	0
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(2,081)
Pension settlement charges	0
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Reclassification	0	0	14,675	0	(14,675)	0
Cash dividends declared	(7,913)	0	(7,913)	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation activity	450	10,750	0	(10,300)	0	0
Repurchase of 147, 32 and 10 shares for the years ended 2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively	(1,086)	0	0	(1,086)	0	0
Directors' deferred compensation	71	32	0	(343)	0	382
Ending balances at Dec. 31, 2017	494,981	223,484	536,116	(166,128)	(102,937)	4,446
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	20,846	0	20,846	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	44,703	0	0	0	2,722	0
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	2,722
Pension settlement charges	41,406	0	0	0	41,406	0
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Reclassification	0	0	(575)	0	575	0
Cumulative effect of accounting change	425	0	425	0	0	0
Cash dividends declared	(8,389)	0	(8,389)	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation activity	2,158	11,131	(49)	(8,924)	0	0
Repurchase of 147, 32 and 10 shares for the years ended 2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively	(422)	0	0	(422)	0	0
Directors' deferred compensation	179	89	0	48	0	42
Ending balances at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 553,906	$ 234,704	$ 548,374	$ (175,426)	$ (58,234)	$ 4,488

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (Parenthetical) - shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Shares repurchased	10	32	147

Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Significant Accounting Policies

(Dollars in thousands)

Organization: Materion Corporation (the Company) is a holding company with subsidiaries that have operations in the United States, Europe, and Asia. These operations manufacture advanced engineered materials used in a variety of end markets, including consumer electronics, industrial components, defense, medical, automotive electronics, telecommunications infrastructure, energy, commercial aerospace, science, services, and appliance. The Company has four reportable segments: Performance Alloys and Composites, Advanced Materials, Precision Coatings, and Other. Other includes unallocated corporate costs.

Refer to Note D for additional segment details. The Company is vertically integrated and distributes its products through a combination of company-owned facilities and independent distributors and agents.

Business Combinations: The Company records assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition at their respective fair values. Any intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recognized and reported apart from goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of the tangible net assets and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred.

The amounts reflected in Note C are the results of the final purchase price allocation.

Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Consolidation: The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Materion Corporation and its subsidiaries. All of the Company’s subsidiaries were wholly owned as of December 31, 2018. Intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Cash Equivalents: All highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased are considered to be cash equivalents. At December 31, 2018, the Company had $50.3 million of cash equivalents invested in institutional money market funds. The carrying value of the money market funds approximates fair value due to their short-term maturities.

Accounts Receivable: An allowance for doubtful accounts is maintained for the estimated losses resulting from the inability of customers to pay amounts due. The allowance is based upon identified delinquent accounts, customer payment patterns, and other analyses of historical data and trends. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $616 and $640 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectfully. The Company extends credit to customers based upon their financial condition, and collateral is not generally required.

Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The cost of the majority of domestic inventories is determined using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method to reflect a better matching of costs and revenues. The remaining inventories are stated principally at average costs. Inventories valued on the LIFO cost method were approximately 57% of inventories, net in 2018, and 52% of inventories, net in 2017.

Property, Plant, and Equipment: Property, plant, and equipment is stated on the basis of cost. Depreciation is computed principally by the straight-line method, except certain assets for which depreciation may be computed by the units-of-production method. The depreciable lives that are used in computing the annual provision for depreciation by class of asset are primarily as follows:



	Years
Land improvements	10 to 20
Buildings	20 to 40
Leasehold improvements	Life of lease
Machinery and equipment	3 to 15
Furniture and fixtures	4 to 10
Automobiles and trucks	3 to 8
Research equipment	3 to 10
Computer hardware	3 to 10
Computer software	3 to 10

An asset acquired under a capital lease will be recorded at the lesser of the present value of the projected lease payments or the fair value of the asset and will be depreciated in accordance with the above schedule. Leasehold improvements will be depreciated over the life of the improvement if it is shorter than the life of the lease. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

Mineral Resources and Mine Development: Property acquisition costs are capitalized as mineral resources on the balance sheet and are depleted using the units-of-production method based upon total estimated recoverable proven reserves of the beryllium-bearing bertrandite ore body. The Company uses beryllium pounds as the unit of accounting measure, and depletion expense is recorded on a pro-rata basis based upon the amount of beryllium pounds extracted as a percentage of total estimated beryllium pounds contained in all ore bodies.

Mine development costs at our open pit surface mines include drilling, infrastructure, other related costs to delineate an ore body, and the removal of overburden to initially expose an ore body. Before mineralization is classified as proven and probable reserves, costs are classified as exploration expense. Capitalization of mine development project costs that meet the definition of an asset begins once mineralization is classified as proven and probable reserves.

Drilling and related costs are capitalized for an ore body where proven and probable reserves exist, and the activities are directed at obtaining additional information on the ore body. All other drilling and related costs are expensed as incurred. Drilling costs incurred during the production phase for operational ore control are allocated to inventory costs and then included as a component of costs applicable to sales.

The costs of removing overburden and waste materials to access the ore body at an open-pit mine prior to the production phase are capitalized during the development of an open-pit mine and are capitalized at each pit. These costs are amortized as the ore is extracted using the units-of-production method based upon total estimated recoverable proven reserves for the individual pit. The Company uses beryllium pounds as the unit of accounting measure for recording amortization.

To the extent that the aforementioned costs benefit an entire ore body, the costs are amortized over the estimated useful life of the ore body. Costs incurred to access specific ore blocks or areas that only provide benefit over the life of that area are amortized over the estimated life of that specific ore block area.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets: Goodwill is reviewed annually for impairment or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. The Company conducts its annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment assessment as of the first day of the fourth quarter, or more frequently under certain circumstances. Goodwill is assigned to the reporting unit, which is the operating segment level or one level below the operating segment. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized using the straight-line method or effective interest method, as applicable, over the periods estimated to be benefited, which is generally 20 years or less. Finite-lived intangible assets are also reviewed for impairment if facts and circumstances warrant.

Asset Impairment: In the event that facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of long-lived assets may be impaired, an evaluation of recoverability is performed by comparing the carrying value of the assets to the associated estimated future undiscounted cash flow. If the carrying value exceeds that cash flow, then the assets are written down to their fair values.

Derivatives: The Company recognizes all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. If the derivative is designated and effective as a cash flow hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), a component of shareholders’ equity, until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. If the derivative is designated as a fair value hedge, changes in fair value are offset against the change in the fair value of the hedged asset, liability, or commitment through earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value, if any, is recognized in earnings immediately. If a derivative is not a hedge, changes in its fair value are adjusted through the income statement.

Asset Retirement Obligation: The Company records a liability to recognize the legal obligation to remove an asset at the time the asset is acquired or when the legal liability arises. The liability is recorded for the present value of the ultimate obligation by discounting the estimated future cash flows using a credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate. The liability is accreted over time, with the accretion charged to expense. An asset equal to the fair value of the liability is recorded concurrent with the liability and depreciated over the life of the underlying asset.

Unearned Income: Expenditures for capital equipment to be reimbursed under government contracts are recorded in property, plant, and equipment, while the reimbursements for those expenditures are recorded in unearned income, a liability on the balance sheet. When the assets subject to reimbursement are placed in service, the total cost is depreciated over the useful lives, and the unearned income liability is reduced and credited to cost of sales on the Consolidated Statements of Income ratably with the annual depreciation expense. Depreciation and amortization expense on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows is shown net of the associated period reduction in the unearned income liability.

Advertising Costs: The Company expenses all advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs were $1,196 in 2018, $1,252 in 2017, and $1,163 in 2016.

Stock-based Compensation: The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense based on the grant date fair value of the award over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award. The fair value of restricted stock units is based on the closing price of the Company's common shares on the grant date. Stock appreciation rights (SARs) are granted with an exercise price equal to the closing price of the Company's common shares on the date of grant. The fair value of SARs is determined using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which incorporates assumptions regarding the expected volatility, the expected option life, the risk-free interest rate, and the expected dividend yield. See Note Q for additional information about stock-based compensation.

Capitalized Interest: Interest expense associated with active capital asset construction and mine development projects is capitalized and amortized over the future useful lives of the related assets.

Income Taxes: The Company uses the liability method in measuring the provision for income taxes and recognizing deferred tax assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. The Company will record a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized, as warranted by current facts and circumstances. The Company applies a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold for all tax uncertainties and will record a liability for those tax benefits that have a less than 50% likelihood of being sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities.

Net Income Per Share: Basic earnings per share (EPS) is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the assumed conversion of all dilutive common stock equivalents as appropriate using the treasury stock method.

New Pronouncements Adopted: In March 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Post-retirement Benefit Cost, which requires an employer to report the service cost component of net benefit cost in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by pertinent employees during the period. This ASU requires non-service cost components of net benefit cost to be presented in a caption below the Company's Operating profit and allows only the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the new standard as of January 1, 2018 and applied its amendments retrospectively for the presentation of service cost and other components of net benefit cost on the income statement and prospectively for the capitalization of service cost and net periodic post-retirement benefits in assets. The application of ASU 2017-07 resulted in an increase to Operating profit of $1.5 million and $1.8 million for 2017 and 2016, respectively, which was offset by a corresponding increase in Other non-operating expense, net. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material effect on the Company's financial condition or liquidity. The Company utilized this ASU's practical expedient, which permits the Company to use the amounts disclosed in its Pensions and Other Post-employment Benefits note for the prior comparative periods as the estimation basis for applying the retrospective presentation requirements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), which supersedes previous revenue recognition guidance. The Company adopted the new standard using the modified retrospective method as of January 1, 2018. Prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted. This approach was applied to all contracts not completed as of January 1, 2018. The new standard primarily impacted the Company's timing of revenue recognition for certain contracts and subcontracts with the United States (U.S.) government that contain termination for convenience clauses, and due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606, the Company recorded an increase to beginning retained earnings of $0.4 million, net of tax as summarized below:



(Thousands)	December 31, 2017		Adjustments due to ASC 606			January 1, 2018
Assets
Unbilled receivables	$	—	$	2,658		$	2,658
Inventories	220,352		(2,059		)	218,293

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Other liabilities and accrued items	$	28,044	61			28,105
Deferred income taxes	213		113			326
Retained earnings	536,116		425			536,541

The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact to the Company's consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note B for additional disclosures relating to ASC 606.

New Pronouncements Issued: In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which amends and simplifies existing guidance to allow companies to more accurately present the economic effects of risk management activities in the financial statements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, which eliminates the off-balance-sheet accounting for leases. The new guidance will require lessees to report their operating leases as both an asset and liability on the balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. This ASU is required to be applied using a modified retrospective adoption method with the option of applying the guidance either retrospectively to each prior comparative reporting period presented or retrospectively at the beginning of the period of adoption. This ASU is effective for interim and annual periods on January 1, 2019, and the Company will apply the transitional package of practical expedients allowed by the standard to not reassess the identification, classification and initial direct costs of leases commencing before this ASU's effective date; however, the Company will not elect the hindsight transitional practical expedient. The Company also will apply the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components to new leases as well as existing leases through transition. The Company will elect an accounting policy to not apply recognition requirements of the guidance to short-term leases.

The Company is nearing completion of its assessment process and its determination of the expanded disclosure regarding leases, as well as the impact to the consolidated financial statements. The Company is also concluding its testing of the functionality and related controls of a new third-party lease accounting system and implementing other new processes and controls to support recognition and disclosure under the new lease standard. The adoption of the new standard will result in the recording of lease assets and lease liabilities for operating leases in the range of approximately $26 million to $28 million as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or debt covenants.

No other recently issued ASUs are expected to have a material effect on the Company's results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity.

Revenue Recognition

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue from Contract with Customer

Net sales consist primarily of revenue from the sale of precious and non-precious specialty metals, beryllium and copper-based alloys, beryllium composites, and other products into numerous end markets. The Company requires an agreement with a customer that creates enforceable rights and performance obligations. The Company generally recognizes revenue, in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled, upon satisfaction of a performance obligation by transferring control over a product to the customer. Control over the product is generally transferred to the customer when the Company has a present right to payment, the customer has legal title, the customer has physical possession, the customer has the significant risks and rewards of ownership, and/or the customer has accepted the product.

Shipping and Handling Costs: The Company accounts for shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers as costs to fulfill its promise to transfer the associated products. Accordingly, customer payments of shipping and handling costs are recorded as a component of net sales, and related costs are recorded as a component of cost of sales.

Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities: Revenue is recorded net of taxes collected from customers that are remitted to governmental authorities, with the collected taxes recorded as current liabilities until remitted to the relevant government authority.

Product Warranty: Substantially all of the Company’s customer contracts contain a warranty that provides assurance that the purchased product will function as expected and in accordance with certain specifications. The warranty is intended to safeguard the customer against existing defects and does not provide any incremental service to the customer.

Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations: ASC 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied at December 31, 2018. Remaining performance obligations include noncancelable purchase orders and customer contracts. The guidance provides certain practical expedients that limit this requirement. As such, the Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. After considering the practical expedient, at December 31, 2018, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was approximately $28.8 million.

Contract Costs: The Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. These costs primarily relate to sales commissions, which are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses.

Contract Balances: The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections resulted in the following contract assets and contract liabilities:



(Thousands)	December 31, 2018		January 1, 2018		$ change		% change
Accounts receivable, trade	$	124,498	$	122,393	$	2,105	2	%
Unbilled receivables	4,619		2,658		1,961		74	%
Unearned revenue	5,918		5,451		467		9	%

Accounts receivable, trade represents payments due from customers relating to the transfer of the Company’s products and services. The Company believes that its receivables are collectible and appropriate allowances for doubtful accounts have been recorded. Impairment losses (bad debt) incurred relating to our receivables were immaterial during 2018.

Unbilled receivables represent expenditures on contracts, plus applicable profit margin, not yet billed. Unbilled receivables are normally billed and collected within one year. Billings made on contracts are recorded as a reduction of unbilled receivables.

Unearned revenue is recorded for consideration received from customers in advance of satisfaction of the related performance obligations.

As a practical expedient, the Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component because the period between the transfer of a product or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that product or service will be one year or less. The Company does not include extended payment terms in its contracts with customers.

Acquisitions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Business Combination Disclosure

Acquisitions

On February 28, 2017, the Company acquired the high-performance target materials business of the Heraeus Group (HTB), of Hanau, Germany, for $16.5 million. This business manufactures precious and non-precious metal target materials for the architectural and automotive glass, electronic display, photovoltaic, and semiconductor markets at facilities in Germany, Taiwan, and the United States. This business operates within the Advanced Materials segment, and the results of operations are included as of the date of acquisition.

The final purchase price allocation for the acquisition is as follows:



(Thousands)	Amount
Assets:
Inventories	$	7,221
Prepaid and other current assets	2,270
Deferred income taxes	14
Property, plant, and equipment	6,501
Intangible assets	3,649
Goodwill	3,574
Total assets acquired	$	23,229

Liabilities:
Other liabilities and accrued items	$	984
Other long-term liabilities	449
Retirement and post-employment benefits	5,292
Total liabilities assumed	$	6,725

Total purchase price	$	16,504

No material measurement period adjustments were recorded upon finalizing the purchase price allocation in the first quarter of 2018.

Segment Reporting and Geographic Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Reporting and Geographic Information

The Company has the following operating segments: Performance Alloys and Composites, Advanced Materials, Precision Coatings, and Other. The Company’s operating segments represent components of the Company for which separate financial information is available that is utilized on a regular basis by the Chief Executive Officer, the Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker, in determining how to allocate the Company’s resources and evaluate performance. The segments are determined based on several factors, including the availability of discrete financial information and the Company’s organizational and management structure.

Performance Alloys and Composites produces strip and bulk form alloy products, strip metal products with clad inlay and overlay metals, beryllium-based metals, beryllium, and aluminum metal matrix composites, in rod, sheet, foil, and a variety of customized forms, beryllia ceramics, and bulk metallic glass materials.

Advanced Materials produces advanced chemicals, microelectric packaging, precious metal, non-precious metal, and specialty metal products, including vapor deposition targets, frame lid assemblies, clad and precious metal preforms, high temperature braze materials, and ultra-fine wire.

Precision Coatings produces thin film coatings, optical filter materials, sputter-coated, and precision-converted thin film materials.

The Other reportable segment includes unallocated corporate costs and assets.

Financial information for reportable segments was as follows:




(Thousands)	Performance Alloys and Composites		Advanced Materials		Precision Coatings		Other			Total
2018
Net sales	$	500,590	$	586,643	$	120,582	$	—		$	1,207,815
Intersegment sales	37		50,460		—		—			50,497
Operating profit (loss)	58,832		17,651		11,468		(26,455		)	61,496
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization	17,434		8,575		7,066		2,449			35,524
Expenditures for long-lived assets	15,396		15,523		1,983		1,358			34,260
Assets	410,239		207,183		90,537		92,382			800,341
2017
Net sales	$	429,442	$	590,789	$	119,216	$	—		$	1,139,447
Intersegment sales	114		58,056		—		—			58,170
Operating profit (loss)	21,978		32,763		8,445		(23,155		)	40,031
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization	23,209		7,354		9,721		2,467			42,751
Expenditures for long-lived assets	10,427		13,318		3,048		2,283			29,076
Assets	418,798		202,389		97,504		72,393			791,084
2016
Net sales	$	387,539	$	437,249	$	144,448	$	—		$	969,236
Intersegment sales	240		70,457		—		—			70,697
Operating profit (loss)	6,601		26,282		11,635		(15,638		)	28,880
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization	27,059		6,644		9,945		2,003			45,651
Expenditures for long-lived assets	26,604		4,931		3,176		2,327			37,038
Assets	422,787		133,682		108,788		76,041			741,298

Intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation.

The primary measures of evaluating segment performance is operating profit and net sales. From an assets perspective, segments are evaluated based upon a return on invested capital metric, which includes inventory (excluding the impact of LIFO), accounts receivable, and property, plant, and equipment.

Other geographic information includes the following:



(Thousands)	2018		2017		2016
Net sales
United States	$	726,881	$	650,675	$	639,675
Asia	270,672		265,991		193,739
Europe	186,081		205,118		121,648
All other	24,181		17,663		14,174
Total	$	1,207,815	$	1,139,447	$	969,236
Long-lived assets by country deployed
United States	$	215,395	$	227,412	$	240,309
All other	35,623		28,166		12,322
Total	$	251,018	$	255,578	$	252,631

International sales include sales from international operations and direct exports from our U.S. operations. No individual country, other than the United States, or customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s net sales for the years presented.

Long-lived assets are comprised of property, plant, and equipment based on physical location.

The following table disaggregates revenue for each segment by end market for 2018:



(Thousands)	Performance Alloys and Composites		Advanced Materials		Precision Coatings		Other		Total
2018
End Market
Consumer Electronics	$	103,339	$	327,355	$	18,886	$	—	$	449,580
Industrial Components	101,646		46,988		11,139		—		159,773
Energy	41,474		77,248		12		—		118,734
Automotive Electronics	78,963		—		1,521		—		80,484
Defense	45,162		15,233		20,077		—		80,472
Medical	8,349		17,627		65,125		—		91,101
Telecom Infrastructure	38,526		28,437		59		—		67,022
Other	83,131		73,755		3,763		—		160,649
Total	$	500,590	$	586,643	$	120,582	$	—	$	1,207,815

Intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation.

Other-net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Other-net [Abstract]

Other-net

Other-net is summarized for 2018, 2017, and 2016 as follows:



	(Income) Expense
(Thousands)	2018			2017			2016
Metal consignment fees	$	10,999		$	8,782		$	6,409
Amortization of intangible assets	2,265			4,629			4,498
Foreign currency loss (gain)	1,487			(722		)	1,525
Net loss (gain) on disposal of fixed assets	518			234			(648		)
Rental income	(416		)	(168		)	(21		)
Other items	481			1,138			(475		)
Total other-net	$	15,334		$	13,893		$	11,288

Restructuring

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring

In both 2018 and 2017, the Company completed cost reduction actions in order to align costs with commensurate business levels. These actions were accomplished through elimination of vacant positions, consolidation of roles, and staff reduction.

Costs associated with these actions in 2018 were in the Advanced Materials segment and included severance associated with approximately forty employees and other related costs. Remaining severance payments related to these initiatives of $5.3 million are reflected within Other liabilities and accrued items in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company expects that the remaining severance payments will be substantially paid by the end of 2019 and does not expect to incur additional costs related to these initiatives.

Costs associated with these actions in 2017 were within the Other and Precision Coatings segments and included severance associated with approximately twenty-three employees and other related costs. The severance payments were substantially paid by the end of 2017.

In 2016, the Company closed the Fukaya, Japan service center, which is a part of the Performance Alloys and Composites segment. Costs associated with the plan included severance associated with approximately thirteen employees and related facility exit costs. The severance payments were paid by the end of 2017.

These costs are presented in the Company's segment results as follows:



(Thousands)	2018		2017			2016
Performance Alloys & Composites	$	—	$	(16	)	$	2,586
Advanced Materials	5,599		—			—
Precision Coatings	—		431			—
Other	—		229			—
Total	$	5,599	$	644		$	2,586

Certain prior-year amounts relating to restructuring have been reclassified in the Consolidated Statements of Income to conform to 2018 presentation. For 2017, Cost of sales and Selling, general, and administrative expense were reduced by $0.5 million and $1.3 million, respectively, while Other-net was increased by $1.1 million, reflecting a $1.4 million gain realized on the sale of the Company's service center in Fukaya, Japan. For 2016, Other-net was reduced by $2.6 million.

Remaining severance payments related to these initiatives of $5.3 million are reflected within Other liabilities and accrued items in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company does not expect to incur additional costs related to these initiatives.

Interest

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Interest [Abstract]

Interest

The following chart summarizes the interest incurred, capitalized, and paid for 2018, 2017, and 2016:



(Thousands)	2018		2017		2016
Interest incurred	$	2,870	$	2,608	$	2,219
Less: Capitalized interest	399		425		430
Total net expense	$	2,471	$	2,183	$	1,789
Interest paid	$	1,436	$	1,646	$	1,611

The increase in interest expense for 2018 was primarily due to a capital lease entered into in 2017 in connection with the HTB acquisition. The higher expense in 2017 compared to 2016 was due to higher average debt levels outstanding. Amortization of deferred financing costs within interest expense was $1.0 million in 2018, $0.9 million in 2017, and $0.7 million in 2016.

Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

On December 22, 2017, comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) was enacted in the United States. The TCJA included a number of changes to the U.S. tax code including, but not limited to, (1) the reduction of the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018; (2) a one-time transition tax on certain unrepatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries; (3) the addition of new taxes on certain foreign sourced earnings; (4) a deduction for foreign-derived intangible income; and (5) the repeal of corporate alternative minimum tax and the domestic production activity deduction.

SAB 118 Measurement Period

The SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SAB 118) to address the application of U.S. GAAP in situations where a registrant did not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the TCJA. The Company applied the guidance in SAB 118 when accounting for the enactment-date effects of the TCJA in 2017 and throughout 2018. As of December 31, 2017, the Company had not completed its accounting for the enactment-date income tax effects of the TCJA under ASC 740 for the following items: remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities, the one-time transition tax on earnings of foreign subsidiaries, and the policy election to account for global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI) in deferred taxes. In the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded a total provisional amount of $17.1 million, which was recognized and included as a component of income tax expense. The $17.1 million provisional amount included $5.0 million of tax expense for the re-measurement of deferred tax assets, $6.1 million of tax expense for the transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings, a $9.5 million valuation allowance recorded on foreign tax credits that were deemed unrealizable as a result of the TCJA, and a $3.5 million tax benefit for the generation of foreign tax credits.

At December 31, 2018, the Company had completed its accounting for all of the enactment-date income tax effects of the TCJA. During 2018, the Company recognized adjustments to the provisional amounts recorded as of December 31, 2017 and included the adjustments as a component of income tax expense. In 2018, the Company recorded a $11.1 million net tax benefit related to the enactment-date effects of the TCJA for the re-measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities, the one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings, the generation of foreign tax credits, and the reversal of the valuation allowance related to foreign tax credits.

Deferred Remeasurement

As of December 31, 2017, the Company re-measured certain deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the rates at which they were expected to reverse in the future, which is generally 21%, and recorded a provisional tax expense of $5.0 million. Upon further analysis of certain aspects of the TCJA and refinement of our calculations during the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2018, we reduced our provisional tax expense by $2.8 million, which is included as a component of income tax expense from continuing operations.

Transition Tax

The transition tax is a one-time tax based on the Company's total post-1986 earnings and profits (E&P) that were previously deferred from U.S. income taxes. As of December 31, 2017, the Company recorded a provisional tax expense of $6.1 million for the one-time transition tax. Upon further analysis of the TCJA, as well as Notices and Regulations issued and proposed by the U.S. Department of Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service, the Company finalized the calculations of the transition tax liability in 2018. The Company reduced its provisional tax expense by $1.2 million, which is included as a component of income tax expense.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company recorded a valuation allowance of $9.5 million on foreign tax credits that were determined not to be realizable as a result of the TCJA. In 2018, the Company finalized its calculations and reduced the valuation allowance by $2.4 million due to the generation of less foreign tax credits. The Company released the remaining valuation allowance due to an updated foreign expense methodology and further assessment of Notices and Regulations issued. As of December 31, 2018, the Company has determined that the foreign tax credits can be realized in full and no valuation allowance is recorded, which resulted in a $7.1 million tax benefit during the year.

Consistent with December 31, 2017, no additional income taxes have been provided for any remaining undistributed foreign earnings not subject to the transition tax, or any additional outside basis difference inherent in these entities, as these amounts continue to be indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations as of December 31, 2018.

GILTI

While the TCJA provides for a territorial tax system, beginning in 2018, it includes a new U.S. tax, GILTI. The GILTI provisions require the Company to include in its U.S. income tax return foreign subsidiary earnings in excess of an allowable return on the foreign subsidiary's tangible assets. Under U.S. GAAP, the Company is allowed to make an accounting policy choice of either (1) treating taxes due on future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI as a current period expense when incurred (the period cost method), or (2) factoring such amounts into the Company’s measurement of its deferred taxes (the deferred method). After further analysis, the Company has determined that it has no incremental U.S. tax on GILTI for the year ended December 31, 2018. The Company has elected to use the current period method, and therefore has not provided any deferred tax impacts of GILTI in its consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Income (loss) before income taxes and income tax expense (benefit) are comprised of the following:



(Thousands)	2018			2017		2016
Income before income taxes:
Domestic	$	20,272		$	28,327	$	13,934
Foreign	(3,930		)	8,069		11,381
Total income before income taxes	$	16,342		$	36,396	$	25,315
Income tax expense:
Current income tax expense:
Domestic	$	(5,896	)	$	1,912	$	6,505
Foreign	2,710			2,777		2,080
Total current	$	(3,186	)	$	4,689	$	8,585
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense:
Domestic	$	(4,083	)	$	19,935	$	(8,842	)
Foreign	2,765			321		(168		)
Total deferred	$	(1,318	)	$	20,256	$	(9,010	)
Total income tax (benefit) expense	$	(4,504	)	$	24,945	$	(425	)

A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the Company's effective income tax rate is as follows:



	2018		2017		2016
U.S. federal statutory rate	21.0	%	35.0	%	35.0	%
State and local income taxes, net of federal tax effect	0.1		2.3		(0.4	)
Effect of excess of percentage depletion over cost depletion	(17.8	)	(10.0	)	(10.6	)
Manufacturing production deduction, including impact of NOL carryback	6.3		(0.8	)	(3.3	)
Foreign derived intangible income deduction	(2.9	)	—		—
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act impact	(67.8	)	47.1		—
Foreign rate differential	1.5		(3.4	)	(5.9	)
Research and development tax credit	(7.6	)	(2.6	)	(6.6	)
Foreign tax credit	(1.9	)	(1.1	)	(28.1	)
Foreign repatriation	2.0		1.3		13.7
Incremental fixed asset basis	—		(3.4	)	—
Adjustment to unrecognized tax benefits	2.7		2.8		3.2
Stock compensation - excess tax benefits	(4.4	)	(1.9	)	—
Valuation allowance	38.7		2.4		0.1
Other items	2.5		0.8		1.2
Effective tax rate	(27.6	)%	68.5	%	(1.7	)%

Deferred tax assets and (liabilities) are determined based on temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and (liabilities) recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of the following:



	December 31,
(Thousands)	2018			2017
Asset (liability)
Post-employment benefits other than pensions	$	2,198		$	2,787
Other reserves	693			1,371
Deferred compensation	3,539			5,054
Environmental reserves	1,463			1,452
Inventory	3,032			4,636
Pensions	8,105			14,307
Accrued compensation expense	6,215			2,852
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards	12,002			6,374
Research and development tax credit carryforward	744			2,466
Foreign tax credit carryforward	2,385			9,481
Subtotal	40,376			50,780
Valuation allowance	(15,917		)	(16,246		)
Total deferred tax assets	24,459			34,534
Depreciation	(10,280		)	(10,250		)
Amortization	(3,635		)	(2,900		)
Mine development	(5,123		)	(3,621		)
Capitalized interest expense	—			(112		)
Derivative instruments and hedging activities	—			(817		)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(19,038		)	(17,700		)
Net deferred tax asset	$	5,421		$	16,834

The Company had deferred income tax assets offset with a valuation allowance for certain foreign and state net operating losses, state investment and research and development tax credit carryforwards, and deferred tax assets that are not likely to be realized for several of the Company's controlled foreign corporations. The Company intends to maintain a valuation allowance on these deferred tax assets until a realization event occurs to support reversal of all or a portion of the allowance.

At December 31, 2018, for income tax purposes, the Company had foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $22.7 million that do not expire, and $8.0 million that expire in calendar years 2019 through 2027, of which $0.1 million expires within the next twelve months. The Company also had state net operating loss carryforwards of $21.9 million that expire in calendar years 2019 through 2037 and state tax credits of $3.6 million that expire in calendar years 2019 through 2033. A valuation allowance of $9.5 million has been provided against certain foreign and state net operating loss carryforwards and state tax credits due to uncertainty of their realization.

The Company has research and development tax credits of $0.7 million that expire in calendar year 2038 and foreign tax credits of $2.4 million which all expire in calendar year 2026.

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and in various state, local, and foreign jurisdictions. With limited exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal examinations for years before 2015, state and local examinations for years before 2014, and foreign examinations for tax years before 2010.

A reconciliation of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits for the year-to-date periods ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:



(Thousands)	2018			2017
Balance at January 1	$	2,944		$	2,048
Additions to tax provisions related to the current year	443			163
Additions to tax positions related to prior years	4			1,210
Reduction to tax positions related to prior years	(508		)	(121		)
Lapses on statutes of limitations	—			(356		)
Balance at December 31	$	2,883		$	2,944

At December 31, 2018, the Company had $2.9 million of unrecognized tax benefits, of which $2.2 million would affect the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized. It is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change in the next twelve months; however, we do not expect the change to have a material impact on the Consolidated Statements of Income or the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits on the income tax expense line in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income. Accrued interest and penalties are included on the related tax liability line in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amount of interest and penalties, net of the related tax benefit, recognized in earnings was immaterial during 2018, 2017, and 2016. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, accrued interest and penalties, net of the related tax benefit, were immaterial.

Income taxes paid during 2018, 2017 and 2016, were approximately $0.0 million, $8.1 million and $3.0 million, respectively.

Earnings Per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS:



(Thousands except per share amounts)	2018		2017		2016
Numerator for basic and diluted EPS:
Net income	$	20,846	$	11,451	$	25,740
Denominator:
Denominator for basic EPS:
Weighted-average shares outstanding	20,212		20,027		19,983
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock appreciation rights	170		174		74
Restricted stock units	85		96		88
Performance-based restricted stock units	146		118		68
Diluted potential common shares	401		388		230
Denominator for diluted EPS:
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding	20,613		20,415		20,213
Basic EPS	$	1.03	$	0.57	$	1.29
Diluted EPS	$	1.01	$	0.56	$	1.27

Equity awards covering shares of common stock totaling 65,112 in 2018, 124,319 in 2017, and 818,268 in 2016 were excluded from the diluted EPS calculation as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Inventories

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventories

Inventories, net

Inventories in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized as follows:



	December 31,
(Thousands)	2018		2017
Raw materials and supplies	$	33,182	$	42,958
Work in process	195,879		187,719
Finished goods	30,643		34,418
Subtotal	259,704		265,095
Less: LIFO reserve balance	44,833		44,743
Inventories	$	214,871	$	220,352

The liquidation of LIFO inventory layers increased cost of sales by $1.2 million in 2018, and reduced cost of sales by $0.8 million in 2017 and $4.1 million in 2016.

The Company maintains the majority of the precious metals and copper used in production on a consignment basis in order to reduce our exposure to metal price movements and to reduce our working capital investment. The notional value of off-balance sheet precious metals and copper was $316.1 million as of December 31, 2018 versus $320.0 million as of December 31, 2017.

Property, Plant, and Equipment

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property, Plant, and Equipment

Property, plant, and equipment on the Consolidated Balance Sheets is summarized as follows:



	December 31,
(Thousands)	2018			2017
Land	$	4,874		$	4,874
Buildings	149,701			137,196
Machinery and equipment	631,421			626,186
Software	42,678			40,575
Construction in progress	14,468			29,963
Allowances for depreciation	(642,365		)	(615,134		)
Subtotal	200,777			223,660
Capital leases	22,150			10,912
Allowances for depreciation	(2,412		)	(2,741		)
Subtotal	19,738			8,171
Mineral resources	4,980			4,979
Mine development	27,979			37,103
Allowances for amortization and depletion	(2,456		)	(18,335		)
Subtotal	30,503			23,747
Property, plant, and equipment — net	$	251,018		$	255,578

The Company received $63.5 million from the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), in previous periods, for reimbursement of the DoD's share of the cost of equipment. This amount was recorded in property, plant, and equipment and the reimbursements are reflected in Unearned income on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The equipment was placed in service during 2012, and its full cost is being depreciated in accordance with Company policy. The unearned income liability is being reduced ratably with the depreciation expense recorded over the life of the equipment.

Unearned income was reduced by $4.3 million and $4.5 million in 2018 and 2017, respectively, and credited to cost of sales in the Consolidated Statements of Income, offsetting the impact of the depreciation expense on the associated equipment on the Company's cost of sales and gross margin.

We recorded depreciation and depletion expense of $33.3 million in 2018, $38.1 million in 2017, and $41.2 million in 2016. Depreciation, depletion, and amortization as shown on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows is also net of the reduction in the unearned income liability in 2018, 2017, and 2016. The net book value of capitalized software was $8.0 million and $8.3 million at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Depreciation expense related to software was $2.6 million in 2018, compared to $2.4 million in both 2017 and 2016.

Intangible Assets and Goodwill

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Intangible Assets

The cost and accumulated amortization of intangible assets subject to amortization as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, is as follows:



	2018					2017
(Thousands)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Customer relationships	$	39,601	$	(37,077	)	$	40,751	$	(36,949	)
Technology	13,377		(12,238		)	13,467		(11,495		)
Licenses and other	4,257		(2,725		)	4,519		(2,672		)
Total	$	57,235	$	(52,040	)	$	58,737	$	(51,116	)

During 2017, the Company acquired $2.3 million in customer relationships and $1.4 million in technology intangible assets, with useful lives of fifteen and three years, respectively.

The aggregate amortization expense relating to intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2018 and estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years is as follows:



	Amortization
(Thousands)	Expense
2018	$	2,265
2019	1,366
2020	603
2021	485
2022	485
2023	485

Intangible assets also includes deferred financing costs relating to the Company's revolving credit and consignments lines of $1.3 million and $2.2 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Goodwill

Goodwill arises from the purchase price for acquired businesses exceeding the fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired less assumed liabilities. In 2017, the Company acquired HTB for total consideration of $16.5 million and recorded goodwill of $3.6 million. HTB is included in the Advanced Materials segment.

Goodwill is reviewed annually for impairment or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. The Company conducts its annual goodwill impairment assessment as of the first day of the fourth quarter, or more frequently under certain circumstances. Goodwill is assigned to the reporting unit, which is the operating segment level or one level below the operating segment. The balance of goodwill at both December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $90.7 million and assigned to the following segments:



(Thousands)	2018		2017
Performance Alloys and Composites	$	1,899	$	1,899
Advanced Materials	50,276		50,296
Precision Coatings	38,482		38,482
Total	$	90,657	$	90,677

The results of the Company's 2018, 2017, and 2016 goodwill impairment assessments indicated that no goodwill impairment existed.

Debt

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Long-term debt in the Consolidated Balance Sheets is summarized as follows:



	December 31,
(Thousands)	2018			2017
Fixed rate industrial development revenue bonds payable in annual installments through 2021	$	3,041		$	3,818
Total debt outstanding	3,041			3,818
Current portion of long-term debt	(823		)	(777		)
Gross long-term debt	2,218			3,041
Unamortized deferred financing fees	(152		)	(214		)
Long-term debt	$	2,066		$	2,827

Maturities on long-term debt instruments as of December 31, 2018 are as follows:



(Thousands)
2019	$	823
2020	868
2021	1,350
2022	—
2023	—
Thereafter	—
Total	$	3,041

In 2015, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (Credit Agreement) that matures in 2020 and provides for a $375.0 million revolving credit facility comprised of sub-facilities for revolving loans, swing-line loans, letters of credit, and foreign borrowings. The Credit Agreement provides the Company and its subsidiaries with additional capacity to enter into facilities for the consignment, borrowing, or leasing of precious metals and copper, and provides enhanced flexibility to finance acquisitions and other strategic initiatives. The Credit Agreement also provides for an uncommitted incremental facility whereby, under certain conditions, the Company may be able to borrow additional term loans in an aggregate amount not to exceed $300.0 million. The Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and its direct subsidiaries, with the exception of non-mining real property and certain other assets. The Credit Agreement allows the Company to borrow money at a premium over LIBOR or prime rate and at varying maturities. The premium resets quarterly according to the terms and conditions available under the Credit Agreement.

The Credit Agreement includes restrictive covenants relating to restrictions on additional indebtedness, acquisitions, dividends, and stock repurchases. In addition, the Credit Agreement includes covenants subject to a maximum leverage ratio and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. The Company was in compliance with all of its debt covenants as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

At December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, there was $27.2 million and $27.3 million outstanding against the letters of credit sub-facility. The Company pays a variable commitment fee that may reset quarterly (0.2% as of December 31, 2018) of the available and unborrowed amounts under the revolving credit line.

While the available borrowings under the individual existing credit lines total $355.4 million, the covenants in the Credit Agreement restrict the aggregate borrowings to $275.5 million as of December 31, 2018.

In April 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with the Toledo-Lucas County Port Authority and the Dayton–Montgomery County Port Authority in Ohio to co-issue $8.0 million in taxable development revenue bonds, with a fixed amortization term that will mature in 2021. The interest rate on these bonds was fixed at 4.90%, and the unamortized balance of the bonds was $3.0 million at December 31, 2018.

Leasing Arrangements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Leases [Abstract]

Leasing Arrangements

The Company leases warehouse and manufacturing real estate, and manufacturing and computer equipment under operating leases with terms ranging up to 25 years. Operating lease expense amounted to $11.6 million, $9.3 million, and $8.6 million during 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. The future estimated minimum payments under capital leases and non-cancelable operating leases with initial lease terms in excess of one year at December 31, 2018, are as follows:



	Capital		Operating
(Thousands)	Leases		Leases
2019	$	2,172	$	7,287
2020	2,172		6,525
2021	2,172		4,966
2022	2,172		3,790
2023	1,463		3,532
2024 and thereafter	21,056		4,287
Total minimum lease payments	31,207		$	30,387
Amounts representing interest	19,338
Present value of net minimum lease payments	$	11,869

During 2017, in connection with the HTB acquisition, the Company entered into an agreement to relocate the German operations from Hanau, Germany to a new, leased facility in Alzenau, Germany. In order for this manufacturing facility to meet the Company's operating specifications, both the landlord and the Company are making structural improvements to the facility, and as a result, the Company has concluded that it is the deemed owner of the building for accounting purposes only during the construction period. At December 31, 2018, the Company recorded an asset of $12 million, which is reflected in Property, Plant, and Equipment and a corresponding liability, recorded as Capital lease obligations. The future estimated minimum payments related to this lease are included in the above table under the caption of Capital Leases.

Pensions and Other Post-Employment Benefits

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Pensions and Other Post-Employment Benefits

The obligation and funded status of the Company’s pension and other post-employment benefit plans are shown below. The Pension Benefits column aggregates defined benefit pension plans in the U.S., Germany, and England, and the U.S. supplemental retirement plans. The Other Benefits column includes the domestic retiree medical and life insurance plan.



	Pension Benefits						Other Benefits
(Thousands)	2018			2017			2018			2017
Change in benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	313,728		$	276,801		$	14,166		$	14,334
Service cost	6,953			7,587			111			91
Interest cost	9,554			9,949			396			398
Settlements	(112,644		)	—			—			—
Acquisition	—			7,645			—			—
Plan amendments	—			3,804			—			—
Actuarial loss (gain)	(31,824		)	18,549			(2,453		)	444
Benefit payments	(13,700		)	(13,459		)	(876		)	(1,107		)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes and other	(1,931		)	2,852			31			6
Benefit obligation at end of year	170,136			313,728			11,375			14,166
Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	234,976			199,992			—			—
Plan settlements	(111,542		)	—			—			—
Acquisition	—			2,353			—			—
Actual return on plan assets	(8,570		)	29,428			—			—
Employer contributions	42,227			16,338			—			—
Employee contributions	146			162			—			—
Benefit payments from fund	(10,826		)	(13,072		)	—			—
Expenses paid from assets	(890		)	(1,133		)	—			—
Foreign currency exchange rate changes and other	(475		)	908			—			—
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	145,046			234,976			—			—
Funded status at end of year	$	(25,090	)	$	(78,752	)	$	(11,375	)	$	(14,166	)
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of:
Other assets	$	1,948		$	1,797		$	—		$	—
Other liabilities and accrued items	(411		)	(2,490		)	(1,258		)	(1,412		)
Retirement and post-employment benefits	(26,627		)	(78,059		)	(10,117		)	(12,754		)
	$	(25,090	)	$	(78,752	)	$	(11,375	)	$	(14,166	)

During 2018, the Company completed a partial plan settlement transaction relating to its U.S. pension plan wherein plan assets amounting to $111.5 million were used to purchase a group annuity contract from Mutual of America. This transaction relieved the Company of responsibility for the pension benefit obligation and consequently transferred the obligation and payment responsibility to Mutual of America for retirement benefits owed to approximately 1,150 retirees, beneficiaries, and other participants. The annuity contract covered retirees who commenced receiving benefits on or before June 1, 2018. The monthly retirement benefit payment amounts currently received by retirees and their beneficiaries did not change as a result of this transaction. Those plan participants not included in the transaction remain in the Plan, and responsibility for payment of the retirement benefits remains with the Company.

The following amounts are included within accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2018 and are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost during 2019:



	Pension Benefits					Other Benefits
(Thousands)	2018		2017			2018			2017
Amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (before tax) consist of:
Net actuarial loss (gain)	$	61,599	$	119,114		$	(2,429	)	$	24
Net prior service cost (credit)	3,810		3,688			(6,546		)	(8,044		)
	$	65,409	$	122,802		$	(8,975	)	$	(8,020	)
Amortizations expected to be recognized during next fiscal year (before tax):
Amortization of net loss	$	3,769	$	8,077		$	—		$	—
Net prior service cost (credit)	482		(123		)	(1,497		)	(1,497		)
	$	4,251	$	7,954		$	(1,497	)	$	(1,497	)

The following table provides information regarding the accumulated benefit obligation:



	Pension Benefits				Other Benefits
(Thousands)	2018		2017		2018		2017
Additional information
Accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans	$	161,169	$	302,942	$	—	$	—
For defined benefit pension plans with benefit obligations in excess of plan assets:
Aggregate benefit obligation	165,344		304,814		—		—
Aggregate fair value of plan assets	138,305		227,115		—		—
For defined benefit pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets:
Aggregate accumulated benefit obligation	156,639		296,878		—		—
Aggregate fair value of plan assets	138,305		227,115		—		—

The following table summarizes components of net benefit cost:



	Pension Benefits									Other Benefits
(Thousands)	2018			2017			2016			2018			2017			2016
Net benefit cost
Service cost	$	6,953		$	7,587		$	7,473		$	111		$	91		$	105
Interest cost	9,554			9,949			10,820			396			398			562
Expected return on plan assets	(14,231		)	(13,760		)	(13,654		)	—			—			—
Amortization of prior service credit	(123		)	(274		)	(460		)	(1,497		)	(1,497		)	(1,497		)
Recognized net actuarial loss	7,171			6,636			6,005			—			—			—
Net periodic cost	9,324			10,138			10,184			(990		)	(1,008		)	(830		)
Settlements	41,406			—			120			—			—			—
Total net benefit cost	$	50,730		$	10,138		$	10,304		$	(990	)	$	(1,008	)	$	(830	)

Beginning in 2018, the Company reports the service cost component of net benefit cost in the same line item as other compensation costs in operating expenses and the non-service cost components of net benefit cost in Other non-operating expenses. Additionally, Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation premiums are reported within expected return on plan assets. In conjunction with the pension annuity and other lump-sum payments, the Company remeasured the periodic benefit obligation of its U.S. plans in the period payments were made and recorded settlement charges totaling $41.4 million during 2018.

The following table summarizes amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI):



	Pension Benefits									Other Benefits
(Thousands)	2018			2017			2016			2018			2017			2016
Change in other comprehensive income
OCI at beginning of year	$	122,802		$	121,329		$	112,518		$	(8,020	)	$	(9,961	)	$	(11,267	)
Increase (decrease) in OCI:
Recognized during year — prior service cost (credit)	123			274			460			1,497			1,497			1,497
Recognized during year — net actuarial (losses) gains	(7,171		)	(6,636		)	(6,005		)	—			—			—
Occurring during year — prior service cost	—			3,804			—			—			—			—
Occurring during year — net actuarial losses (gains)	(8,997		)	4,055			14,279			(2,453		)	444			(191		)
Other adjustments	(41,406		)	—			120			—			—			—
Foreign currency exchange rate changes	58			(24		)	(43		)	—			—			—
OCI at end of year	$	65,409		$	122,802		$	121,329		$	(8,976	)	$	(8,020	)	$	(9,961	)

In determining the projected benefit obligation and the net benefit cost, as of a December 31 measurement date, the Company used the following weighted-average assumptions:



	Pension Benefits						Other Benefits
	2018		2017		2016		2018		2017		2016
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at fiscal year end
Discount rate	4.07	%	3.53	%	4.02	%	4.11	%	3.43	%	3.68	%
Rate of compensation increase	3.87	%	3.93	%	4.04	%	4.00	%	4.00	%	4.00	%
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net cost for the fiscal year
Discount rate	3.63	%	3.93	%	4.22	%	3.43	%	3.68	%	3.88	%
Expected long-term return on plan assets	6.63	%	6.89	%	6.90	%	N/A		N/A		N/A
Rate of compensation increase	3.98	%	3.91	%	3.93	%	4.00	%	4.00	%	4.00	%

Discount Rate. The discount rate used to determine the present value of the projected and accumulated benefit obligation at the end of each year is established based upon the available market rates for high quality, fixed income investments whose maturities match the plan’s projected cash flows.

Beginning in 2017, the Company has elected to use a spot-rate approach to estimate the service and interest cost components of net periodic benefit cost for its defined benefit pension plans. The spot-rate approach applies separate discount rates for each projected benefit payment in the calculation. Historically, the Company used a weighted-average approach to determine the service and interest cost components. The change was accounted for as a change in estimate and, accordingly, was accounted for prospectively starting in 2017. The reductions in service and interest costs for 2017 associated with this change in estimate totaled approximately $1.0 million.

Expected Long-Term Return on Plan Assets. Management establishes the domestic expected long-term rate of return assumption by reviewing historical trends and analyzing the current and projected market conditions in relation to the plan’s asset allocation and risk management objectives. Consideration is given to both recent plan asset performance as well as plan asset performance over various long-term periods of time, with an emphasis on the assumption being a prospective, long-term rate of return. Management consults with and considers the opinions of its outside investment advisers and actuaries when establishing the rate and reviews assumptions with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.

Rate of Compensation Increase. The rate of compensation increase assumption was 4.0% in both 2018 and 2017 for the domestic defined benefit pension plan and the domestic retiree medical plan.

Assumptions for the defined benefit pension plans in Germany and England are determined separately from the U.S. plan assumptions, based on historical trends and current and projected market conditions in Germany and England. One plan in Germany is unfunded.



Assumed health care trend rates at fiscal year end	2018	2017
Health care trend rate assumed for next year	6.50%	6.75%
Rate that the trend rate gradually declines to (ultimate trend rate)	5.00%	5.00%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate	2025	2025

Assumed health care cost trend rates can have an effect on the amounts reported for the health care plans. A one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:



	1-Percentage- Point Increase				1-Percentage- Point Decrease
(Thousands)	2018		2017		2018			2017
Effect on total of service and interest cost components	$	6	$	8	$	(6	)	$	(8	)
Effect on post-employment benefit obligation	163		212		(152		)	(198		)

Plan Assets

The following tables present the fair values of the Company’s defined benefit pension plan assets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 by asset category. The Company has some investments that are valued using net asset value (NAV) as the practical expedient and have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. Refer to Note R for definitions of the fair value hierarchy.



	December 31, 2018
(Thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash	$	21,881	$	21,881	$	—	$	—
Equity securities (a)	50,862		50,862		—		—
Fixed-income securities (b)	18,211		18,211		—		—
Other types of investments:
Real estate fund (c)	3,257		3,257		—		—
Alternative strategies (d)	—		—		—		—
Accrued interest and dividends	—		—		—		—
Total	94,211		94,211		—		—
Investments measured at NAV: (e)
Pooled investment fund (f)	24,947
Multi-strategy hedge funds (g)	4,113
Common/Collective trusts (h)	—
Intermediate-term bonds (i)	21,678
Private equity funds	97
Total assets at fair value	$	145,046

	December 31, 2017
(Thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash	$	10,604	$	10,604	$	—	$	—
Equity securities (a)	109,229		104,261		4,968		—
Fixed-income securities (b)	42,291		30,639		11,652		—
Other types of investments:
Real estate fund (c)	6,617		6,284		333		—
Alternative strategies (d)	9,948		9,893		55		—
Accrued interest and dividends	114		114		—		—
Total	178,803		161,795		17,008		—
Investments measured at NAV: (e)
Pooled investment fund (f)	21,378
Multi-strategy hedge funds (g)	3,970
Common/Collective trusts (h)	8,942
Intermediate-term bonds (i)	21,771
Private equity funds	112
Total assets at fair value	$	234,976


(a)	Equity securities are primarily comprised of corporate stock and mutual funds directly held by the plans. Equity securities are valued using the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded.


(b)	Fixed income securities are primarily comprised of governmental and corporate bonds directly held by the plans. Governmental and corporate bonds are valued using both market observable inputs for similar assets that are traded on an active market and the closing price on the active market on which the individual securities are traded.


(c)	Includes a mutual fund that typically invests at least 80% of its assets in equity and debt securities of companies in the real estate industry or related industries or in companies which own significant real estate assets at the time of investment.


(d)	Includes a mutual fund that tactically allocates assets to global equity, fixed income, and alternative strategies.


(e)	Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the net asset value (NAV) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.


(f)	Pooled investment fund consists of various investment types including equity investments covering a range of geographies and including investment managers that hold long and short positions, property investments, and other multi-strategy funds which combine a range of different credit, equity, and macro-orientated ideas and dynamically allocate funds across asset classes.


(g)	Includes a fund that invests in a broad portfolio of hedge funds.

(h)

The common/collective trusts are comprised of a number of investment funds that invest in a diverse portfolio of assets including equity securities, corporate and governmental bonds, equity and credit indexes, and money markets. Trusts are valued at the NAV as determined by their custodian. NAV represents the accumulation of the unadjusted quoted close prices on the reporting date for the underlying investments divided by the total shares outstanding at the reporting dates.


(i)	Includes a mutual fund that employs a value-oriented approach to fixed income investment management and a mutual fund that invests primarily in investment-grade debt securities.

The Company’s domestic defined benefit pension plan investment strategy, as approved by the Governance and Organization Committee of the Board of Directors, is to employ an allocation of investments that will generate returns equal to or better than the projected long-term growth of pension liabilities so that the plan will be self-funding. The return objective is to maximize investment return to achieve and maintain a 100% funded status over time, taking into consideration required cash contributions. The allocation of investments is designed to maximize the advantages of diversification while mitigating the risk and overall portfolio volatility to achieve the return objective. Risk is defined as the annual variability in value and is measured in terms of the standard deviation of investment return. Under the Company’s investment policies, allowable investments include domestic equities, international equities, fixed income securities, cash equivalents, and alternative securities (which include real estate, private venture capital investments, hedge funds, and tactical asset allocation). Ranges, in terms of a percentage of the total assets, are established for each allowable class of security. Derivatives may be used to hedge an existing security or as a risk reduction strategy. Current asset allocation guidelines are to invest 20% to 50% in equity securities, 30% to 70% in fixed income securities and cash, and up to 20% in alternative securities. Management reviews the asset allocation on a quarterly or more frequent basis and makes revisions as deemed necessary.

None of the plan assets noted above are invested in the Company’s common stock.

Cash Flows

Employer Contributions. The Company expects to contribute $6.0 million to its domestic defined benefit pension plan and $1.3 million to its other benefit plans in 2019.

Effective in 2016, all plan participants with an accrued benefit may elect an immediate payout in lieu of their future monthly annuity if the lump sum amount does not exceed $100,000.

Estimated Future Benefit Payments. The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid:



			Other Benefits
(Thousands)	Pension Benefits		Gross Benefit Payment		Net of Medicare Part D Subsidy
2019	$	3,203	$	1,258	$	1,241
2020	3,619		1,367		1,352
2021	4,457		1,334		1,321
2022	6,051		1,203		1,192
2023	6,293		1,192		1,182
2024 through 2028	44,444		4,155		4,125

Other Benefit Plans

In addition to the plans shown above, the Company also has certain foreign subsidiaries with accrued unfunded pension and other post-employment arrangements. The liability for these arrangements was $1.6 million at December 31, 2018 and $2.1 million at December 31, 2017, and was included in retirement and post-employment benefits in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company also sponsors defined contribution plans available to substantially all U.S. employees. The Company’s annual defined contribution expense, including the expense for the enhanced defined contribution plan, was $5.2 million in 2018, $4.5 million in 2017, and $3.6 million in 2016.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Equity [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income, including amounts reclassified out, for 2018, 2017, and 2016, and the balances in accumulated other comprehensive income as of December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016 are as follows:



	Gains and Losses On Cash Flow Hedges												Pension and Post- Employment Benefits			Foreign Currency Translation
(Thousands)	Foreign Currency			Precious Metals			Copper			Total			Pension and Post- Employment Benefits			Foreign Currency Translation			Total
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	1,579		$	—		$	—		$	1,579		$	(76,796	)	$	(5,488	)	$	(80,705	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(377		)	—			—			(377		)	(14,165		)	(172		)	(14,714		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	784			—			—			784			4,048			—			4,832
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	407			—			—			407			(10,117		)	(172		)	(9,882		)
Deferred taxes on current period activity	149			—			—			149			(4,555		)	—			(4,406		)
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	258			—			—			258			(5,562		)	(172		)	(5,476		)
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	1,837		$	—		$	—		$	1,837		$	(82,358	)	$	(5,660	)	$	(86,181	)

Balance at December 31, 2016	$	1,837		$	—		$	—		$	1,837		$	(82,358	)	$	(5,660	)	$	(86,181	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(1,180		)	(463		)	—			(1,643		)	(8,279		)	1,552			(8,370		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	632			208			—			840			4,865			—			5,705
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	(548		)	(255		)	—			(803		)	(3,414		)	1,552			(2,665		)
Deferred taxes on current period activity	330			(59		)	—			271			13,820			—			14,091
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	(878		)	(196		)	—			(1,074		)	(17,234		)	1,552			(16,756		)
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	959		$	(196	)	$	—		$	763		$	(99,592	)	$	(4,108	)	$	(102,937	)

Balance at December 31, 2017	$	959		$	(196	)	$	—		$	763		$	(99,592	)	$	(4,108	)	$	(102,937	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(333		)	467			(569		)	(435		)	11,396			(484		)	10,477
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	10			(109		)	—			(99		)	46,953			—			46,854
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	(323		)	358			(569		)	(534		)	58,349			(484		)	57,331
Deferred taxes on current period activity	(627		)	83			(128		)	(672		)	13,300			—			12,628
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	304			275			(441		)	138			45,049			(484		)	44,703
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	1,263		$	79		$	(441	)	$	901		$	(54,543	)	$	(4,592	)	$	(58,234	)

Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income of gains and losses on foreign currency cash flow hedges are recorded in Other-net in the Consolidated Statements of Income while gains and losses on precious metal cash flow hedges are recorded in Cost of sales in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Refer to Note R for additional details on cash flow hedges.

Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income for pension and post-employment benefits are included in the computation of the net periodic pension and post-employment benefit expense. Refer to Note O for additional details on pension and other post-employment expenses.

Stock-based Compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Stock-based Compensation

Stock incentive plans (the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan and the 2006 Non-employee Director Equity Plan) were approved at the May 2006 annual meeting of shareholders. These plans authorize the granting of option rights, stock appreciation rights (SARs), performance-restricted shares, performance shares, performance units, and restricted shares. The 2006 Stock Incentive Plan and the 2006 Non-employee Director Equity Plan were amended to, among other things, add additional shares to the plans. These amendments were last approved by shareholders at the May 2017 annual meeting.

Stock-based compensation expense, which includes awards settled in shares and in cash and is recognized as a component of selling, general, and administrative expenses (SG&A) expenses, was $11.4 million, $7.7 million, and $6.7 million in 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. The Company derives a tax deduction measured by the excess of the market value over the grant price at the date stock-based awards vest or are exercised. The Company recognized $1.2 million and $2.0 million of tax benefits in 2018 and 2017, respectively, compared to less than $0.1 million of tax expense in 2016 relating to the issuance of common stock for the exercise/vesting of equity awards.

The following sections provide information on awards settled in shares.

SARs. The Company grants SARs to certain employees. Upon exercise of vested SARs, the participant will receive a number of shares of common stock equal to the spread (the difference between the market price of the Company’s common shares at the time of exercise and the strike price established on the grant date) divided by the common share price. The strike price of the SARs is equal to the market value of the Company’s common shares on the day of the grant. The number of SARs available to be issued is established by plans approved by the shareholders. The vesting period and the life of the SARs are established at the time of grant. The exercise of the SARs is generally satisfied by the issuance of treasury shares. SARs granted in 2018 vest in equal installments annually over three years, while SARs granted prior to 2018 generally vest three years from the date of grant. SARs granted prior to 2011 expire in ten years, while the SARs granted in 2011 and later expire in seven years.

The following table summarizes the Company's SARs activity during 2018:



(Shares in thousands)	Number of SARs		Weighted- average Exercise Price Per Share		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (thousands)		Weighted- average Remaining Term (Years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	616		$	30.97
Granted	65		50.35
Exercised	(277	)	33.03
Cancelled	(25	)	27.58
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	379		33.01		$	4,894	4.5
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2018	379		33.01		4,894		4.5
Exercisable at December 31, 2018	60		34.10		659		3.0

A summary of the status and changes of shares subject to SARs and the related average price per share follows:



(Shares in thousands)	Number of SARs		Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested as of December 31, 2017	426		$	10.54
Granted	65		15.73
Vested	(147	)	13.11
Cancelled	(25	)	8.73
Nonvested as of December 31, 2018	319		$	10.33

As of December 31, 2018, $1.0 million of expense with respect to non-vested SARs has yet to be recognized as expense over a weighted-average period of approximately 22 months. The total fair value of shares vested during 2018 was $1.9 million, compared to $1.7 million in both 2017 and 2016.

The weighted-average grant date fair value for 2018, 2017, and 2016 was $15.73, $10.89, and $8.07, respectively. The fair value will be amortized to compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the three-year vesting period, or earlier if the employee is retirement eligible as defined in the Plan. Stock-based compensation expense relating to SARs was $0.7 million in 2018, $1.4 million in 2017, and $0.9 million in 2016.

The fair value of the SARs was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:



	2018		2017		2016
Risk-free interest rate	2.58	%	1.92	%	1.25	%
Dividend yield	0.8	%	1.1	%	1.4	%
Volatility	31.9	%	34.0	%	38.0	%
Expected lives (in years)	5.5		5.6		5.7

The risk-free rate of return was based on U.S. Treasury yields with a maturity equal to the expected life of the award. The dividend yield was based on the Company's historical dividend rate and stock price. The expected volatility of stock was derived by referring to changes in the Company's historical common stock prices over a time-frame similar to the expected life of the award. In addition to considering the vesting period and contractual term of the award for the expected life assumption, the Company analyzes actual historical exercise experience for previously granted awards.

Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) - Employees. The Company may grant RSUs to employees of the Company. These units constitute an agreement to deliver shares of common stock to the participant at the end of the vesting period, which is defined at the date of the grant, and are forfeited should the holder’s employment terminate during the restriction period. The fair market value of the RSUs is determined on the date of the grant and is amortized over the vesting period. The vesting period is typically three years unless the recipient is retirement eligible and continued vesting is approved by the Board of Directors.

The fair value of the RSUs settled in stock is based on the closing stock price on the date of grant. The weighted-average grant date fair value for 2018, 2017, and 2016 was $50.35, $35.24, and $25.19, respectively. Cash-settled RSUs are accounted for as liability-based compensation awards and adjusted based on the closing price of Materion’s common stock over the vesting period of three years.

Stock-based compensation expense relating to RSUs was $1.2 million in 2018, $1.4 million in 2017, and $0.6 million in 2016. The unamortized compensation cost on the outstanding RSUs was $2.5 million as of December 31, 2018 and is expected to be amortized over a weighted-average period of 24 months. The total fair value of shares vested during 2018 was $1.4 million, compared to $1.2 million in both 2017 and 2016.

The following table summarizes the stock-settled restricted stock unit activity during 2018:



(Shares in thousands)	Number of Shares		Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	119		$	32.16
Granted	59		50.35
Vested	(38	)	36.69
Forfeited	(10	)	34.07
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	130		$	38.99

RSUs - Non-Employee Directors. In 2018, 2017, and 2016, 14,728, 18,656, and 26,469 RSUs, with a one year vesting period, were granted to certain non-employee members of the Board of Directors. The weighted-average grant date fair value of these RSUs were $51.60, $34.30, and $27.20 in 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. The Company recognized $0.7 million of expense with respect to these awards in each of the last three years. At December 31, 2018, $0.3 million of expense with respect to non-vested RSU awards granted to the Board of Directors has yet to be recognized and will be amortized into expense over a weighted-average period of approximately four months.

Long-term Incentive Plans. Under long-term incentive compensation plans, executive officers and selected other employees receive restricted stock unit awards based upon the Company’s performance over the defined period, typically three years. Total units earned for grants made in 2018, 2017, and 2016, may vary between 0% and 200% of the units granted based on the attainment of performance targets during the related three-year period. All grants made in 2018 will be settled in Materion common shares and are equity classified. For grants made to executive officers prior to 2018, attainment up to 100% is paid in Materion common shares and equity classified, while the remainder are classified as liability awards and settled in cash. Grants made to all other employees prior to 2018 are settled in cash. Vesting of performance-based awards is contingent upon the attainment of threshold performance objectives.

The following table summarizes the activity related to equity-based, performance-based restricted stock units during 2018:



(Shares in thousands)	Number of Shares		Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	223		$	28.49
Granted	55		62.44
Vested	(75	)	33.31
Forfeited	(1	)	62.44
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	202		$	35.76

Compensation expense is based upon the performance projections for the three-year plan period, the percentage of requisite service rendered, and the fair market value of the Company’s common shares on the date of grant. The offset to the compensation expense for the portion of the award to be settled in shares is recorded within shareholders’ equity and was $2.7 million for 2018, $1.5 million for 2017, and $1.0 million for 2016.

Directors' Deferred Compensation. Non-employee directors may defer all or part of their compensation into the Company’s common stock. The fair value of the deferred shares is determined at the share acquisition date and is recorded within shareholders’ equity. Subsequent changes in the fair value of the Company’s common shares do not impact the recorded values of the shares.

The following table summarizes the stock activity for the directors' deferred compensation plan during 2018:



(Shares in thousands)	Number of Shares		Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	164		$	25.96
Granted	12		53.11
Distributed	(24	)	54.71
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	152		$	23.55

During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, the weighted-average grant date fair value was $53.11, $35.34, and $24.46, respectively.

Fair Value Information and Derivative Financial Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Fair Value Information and Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company measures and records financial instruments at fair value. A hierarchy is used for those instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based upon market data (observable inputs) and the Company's assumptions (unobservable inputs). The hierarchy consists of three levels:

Level 1 — Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities;

Level 2 — Inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable; and

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs developed using estimates and assumptions developed by the Company, which reflect those that a market participant would use.

The following table summarizes the financial instruments measured at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2018 and 2017:



			Fair Value Measurements
(Thousands)	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Other Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
December 31, 2018
Financial Assets
Deferred compensation investments	$	2,156	$	2,156	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts	246		—		246		—
Precious metal swaps	237		—		237		—
Total	$	2,639	$	2,156	$	483	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Deferred compensation liability	$	2,156	$	2,156	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts	432		—		432		—
Precious metal swaps	135		—		135		—
Copper swaps	569		—		569		—
Total	$	3,292	$	2,156	$	1,136	$	—
December 31, 2017
Financial Assets
Deferred compensation investments	$	2,310	$	2,310	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts	254		—		254		—
Precious metal swaps	14		—		14		—
Total	$	2,578	$	2,310	$	268	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Deferred compensation liability	$	2,310	$	2,310	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts	201		—		201		—
Precious metal swaps	269		—		269		—
Total	$	2,780	$	2,310	$	470	$	—

The Company uses a market approach to value the assets and liabilities for financial instruments in the table above. Outstanding contracts are valued through models that utilize market observable inputs, including both spot and forward prices, for the same underlying currencies and metals. The Company's deferred compensation investments and liabilities are based on the fair value of the investments corresponding to the employees’ investment selections, primarily in mutual funds, based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. Deferred compensation investments are primarily presented in Other assets. Deferred compensation liabilities are primarily presented in Other long-term liabilities.

The carrying values of the other working capital items and debt in the Consolidated Balance Sheets approximate fair values at December 31, 2018 and 2017.

The Company uses derivative contracts to hedge portions of its foreign currency exposures and may also use derivatives to hedge a portion of its precious metal exposures. The objectives and strategies for using derivatives in these areas are as follows:

Foreign Currency. The Company sells a portion of its products to overseas customers in their local currencies, primarily the euro and yen. The Company secures foreign currency derivatives, mainly forward contracts and options, to hedge these anticipated sales transactions. The purpose of the hedge program is to protect against the reduction in the dollar value of foreign currency sales from adverse exchange rate movements. Should the dollar strengthen significantly, the decrease in the translated value of the foreign currency sales should be partially offset by gains on the hedge contracts. Depending upon the methods used, the hedge contracts may limit the benefits from a weakening U.S. dollar.

The use of forward contracts locks in a firm rate and eliminates any downside from an adverse rate movement as well as any benefit from a favorable rate movement. The Company may from time to time choose to hedge with options or a tandem of options known as a collar. These hedging techniques can limit or eliminate the downside risk but can allow for some or all of the benefit from a favorable rate movement to be realized. Unlike a forward contract, a premium is paid for an option; collars, which are a combination of a put and call option, may have a net premium but can be structured to be cash neutral. The Company will primarily hedge with forward contracts due to the relationship between the cash outlay and the level of risk.

Precious Metals. The Company maintains the majority of its precious metal production requirements on consignment in order to reduce its working capital investment and the exposure to metal price movements. When a precious metal product is fabricated and ready for shipment to the customer, the metal is purchased out of consignment at the current market price. The price paid by the Company forms the basis for the price charged to the customer. This methodology allows for changes in either direction in the market prices of the precious metals used by the Company to be passed through to the customer and reduces the impact changes in prices could have on the Company's margins and operating profit. The consigned metal is owned by financial institutions who charge the Company a financing fee based upon the current value of the metal on hand.

In certain instances, a customer may want to establish the price for the precious metal at the time the sales order is placed rather than at the time of shipment. Setting the sales price at a different date than when the material would be purchased potentially creates an exposure to movements in the market price of the metal. Therefore, in these limited situations, the Company may elect to enter into a forward contract to purchase precious metal. The forward contract allows the Company to purchase metal at a fixed price on a specific future date. The price in the forward contract serves as the basis for the price to be charged to the customer. By doing so, the selling price and purchase price are matched, and the Company's price exposure is reduced.

The Company refines precious metal-containing materials for its customers and typically will purchase the refined metal from the customer at current market prices. In limited circumstances, the customer may want to fix the price to be paid at the time of the order as opposed to when the material is refined. The customer may also want to fix the price for a set period of time. The Company may then elect to enter into a hedge contract, either a forward contract or a swap, to fix the price for the estimated quantity of metal to be purchased, thereby reducing the exposure to adverse movements in the price of the metal.

The Company may from time to time elect to purchase precious metal and hold in inventory rather than on consignment due to potential credit line limitations or other factors. These purchases are typically held for a short duration. A forward contract will be secured at the time of the purchase to fix the price to be used when the metal is transferred back to the consignment line, thereby limiting any price exposure during the time when the metal was owned.

Copper. The Company maintains a portion of its copper production requirements on consignment in order to reduce its working capital investment and the exposure to metal price movements. The consigned metal is owned by financial institutions who charge the Company a financing fee based upon the current value of the metal on hand.

Swap contracts on copper are used to manage the price risk associated with forecasted purchases of materials used in the company's manufacturing process and better enable matching of expense and revenue amounts.

A team consisting of senior financial managers reviews the estimated exposure levels, as defined by budgets, forecasts, and other internal data, and determines the timing, amounts, and instruments to use to hedge exposures. Management analyzes the effective hedged rates and the actual and projected gains and losses on the hedging transactions against the program objectives, targeted rates, and levels of risk assumed. Foreign currency contracts are typically layered in at different times for a specified exposure period in order to minimize the impact of market rate movements.

The use of derivatives is governed by policies adopted by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. The Company will only enter into a derivative contract if there is an underlying identified exposure. Contracts are typically held to maturity. The Company does not engage in derivative trading activities and does not use derivatives for speculative purposes. The Company only uses hedge contracts that are denominated in the same currency or metal as the underlying exposure.

All derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. If the derivative is designated and effective as a cash flow hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI) until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s fair value, if any, is recognized in earnings immediately. If a derivative is not a hedge, changes in the fair value are adjusted through income. The fair values of the outstanding derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet as assets (if the derivatives are in a gain position) or liabilities (if the derivatives are in a loss position). The fair values will also be classified as short-term or long-term depending upon their maturity dates.

The following table summarizes the notional amount and the fair value of the Company’s outstanding derivatives not designated as hedging instruments and balance sheet classification as of December 31, 2018 and 2017:



	December 31, 2018				December 31, 2017
(Thousands)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value
Foreign currency forward contracts- euro
Prepaid expenses	$	8,767	$	244	$	13,981	$	127
Other liabilities and accrued items	8,771		249		—		—
Total	$	17,538	$	5	$	13,981	$	127

These outstanding foreign currency derivatives were related to intercompany loans. Other-net included foreign currency gains relating to these derivatives of $0.9 million in 2018 and $1.1 million of foreign currency losses in 2017.

The following table summarizes the notional amount and the fair value of the Company’s outstanding derivatives designated as cash flow hedges and balance sheet classification at December 31, 2018 and 2017:



	December 31, 2018				December 31, 2017
(Thousands)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value
Prepaid expenses
Foreign currency forward contracts - yen	$	—	$	—	$	5,673	$	91
Foreign currency forward contracts - euro	725		2		5,026		36
Precious metal swaps	4,533		237		—		—
	5,258		239		10,699		127

Other assets
Precious metal swaps	—		—		880		14

Other liabilities and accrued items
Foreign currency forward contracts - yen	1,264		17		—		—
Foreign currency forward contracts - euro	19,158		166		13,583		201
Precious metal swaps	2,864		135		10,067		255
Copper swaps	11,170		569		—		—
	34,456		887		23,650		456

Other long-term liabilities
Precious metal swaps	—		—		789		14

Total	$	39,714	$	648	$	36,018	$	329

All of these contracts were designated and effective as cash flow hedges. No ineffectiveness expense was recorded in 2018, 2017, or 2016.

The fair value of derivative contracts recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss totaled $0.6 million and $0.3 million as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Deferred losses of $0.7 million at December 31, 2018 are expected to be reclassified to earnings within the next 18-month period.

Contingencies and Commitments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Contingencies and Commitments

Beryllium Cases

The Company is a defendant from time to time in proceedings in various state and federal courts brought by plaintiffs alleging that they have contracted, or have been placed at risk of contracting, beryllium sensitization or Chronic Beryllium Disease (CBD) or related ailments as a result of exposure to beryllium. Plaintiffs in beryllium cases seek recovery under theories of negligence and various other legal theories and seek compensatory and punitive damages, in many cases of an unspecified sum. Spouses, if any, often claim loss of consortium.

Employee cases, in which plaintiffs have a high burden of proof, have historically involved relatively small losses to the Company. Third-party plaintiffs (typically employees of customers) face a lower burden of proof than do the Company’s employees, but these cases have generally been covered by varying levels of insurance. Management has vigorously contested the beryllium cases brought against the Company.

Non-employee beryllium cases are covered by insurance, subject to certain limitations. The insurance covers defense costs and indemnity payments (resulting from settlements or court verdicts) and is subject to various levels of deductibles. In 2018 and 2017, defense and indemnity costs were less than or equal to the deductible.

One beryllium case, originally filed and dismissed during 2015, but reversed and remanded in 2016 to the trial court, was outstanding as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. The Company does not expect the resolution of this matter to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Although it is not possible to predict the outcome of any pending litigation, the Company provides for costs related to litigation matters when a loss is probable, and the amount is reasonably estimable. Litigation is subject to many uncertainties, and it is possible that some of the actions could be decided unfavorably in amounts exceeding the Company’s reserves. An unfavorable outcome or settlement of a beryllium case or adverse media coverage could encourage the commencement of additional similar litigation. The Company is unable to estimate its potential exposure to unasserted claims.

Based upon currently known facts and assuming collectibility of insurance, the Company does not believe that resolution of the current or potential future beryllium proceedings will have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or cash flow of the Company. However, the Company’s results of operations could be materially affected by unfavorable results in one or more cases.

Environmental Proceedings

The Company has an active program for environmental compliance that includes the identification of environmental projects and estimating the impact on the Company’s financial performance and available resources. Environmental expenditures that relate to current operations, such as wastewater treatment and control of airborne emissions, are either expensed or capitalized as appropriate. The Company records reserves for the probable costs for identified environmental remediation projects. The Company’s environmental engineers perform routine ongoing analyses of the remediation sites and will use outside consultants to assist in their analyses from time to time. Accruals are based upon their analyses and are established based on the reasonably estimable loss or range of loss. The accruals are revised for the results of ongoing studies, changes in strategies, inflation, and for differences between actual and projected costs. The accruals may also be affected by rulings and negotiations with regulatory agencies. The timing of payments often lags the accrual, as environmental projects typically require a number of years to complete.

The environmental reserves recorded represent the Company's best estimate of what is reasonably possible and cover existing or currently foreseen projects based upon current facts and circumstances. The Company does not believe that it is reasonably possible that the cost to resolve environmental matters for sites where the investigative work and work plan development are substantially complete will be materially different than what has been accrued while the ultimate loss contingencies for sites that are in the preliminary stages of investigation cannot be reasonably determined at the present time. As facts and circumstances change, the ultimate cost may be revised, and the recording of additional costs may be material in the period in which the additional costs are accrued. The Company does not believe that the ultimate liability for environmental matters will have a material impact on its financial condition or liquidity due to the nature of known environmental matters and the extended period of time during which environmental remediation normally takes place.

The undiscounted reserve balance at the beginning of the year, the amounts expensed and paid, and the balance at December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:



(Thousands)	2018			2017
Reserve balance at beginning of year	$	6,499		$	6,041
Expensed	718			1,006
Paid	(696		)	(548		)
Reserve balance at end of year	$	6,521		$	6,499
Ending balance recorded in:
Other liabilities and accrued items	$	1,168		$	987
Other long-term liabilities	5,353			5,512

The majority of spending in 2018 and 2017 was for various remediation projects at the Elmore, Ohio plant site.

Asset Retirement Obligations

The following represents a roll forward of our asset retirement obligation liability related to our mine located in Utah for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017:



(Thousands)	2018		2017
Asset retirement obligation at beginning of period	$	1,167	$	1,084
Accretion expense	89		83
Change in liability	—		—
Asset retirement obligation at end of period	$	1,256	$	1,167

This balance is reported in Other long-term liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Other

The Company is subject to various legal or other proceedings that relate to the ordinary course of its business. The Company believes that the resolution of these proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse impact upon the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

At December 31, 2018, the Company had outstanding letters of credit totaling $27.2 million related to workers’ compensation, consigned precious metal guarantees, environmental remediation issues, and other matters. The majority of the Company's outstanding letters of credit expire in 2020 and are expected to be renewed.

Quarterly Data (Unaudited)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Quarterly Data (Unaudited)

The following tables summarize selected quarterly financial data for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017:



	2018
(Thousands except per share amounts)	First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter			Total
Net sales	$	303,467		$	309,085		$	297,193		$	298,070		$	1,207,815
Gross margin	58,280			61,838			64,935			66,052			251,105
Percent of net sales	19.2		%	20.0		%	21.8		%	22.2		%	20.8		%
Net income (loss)	$	10,564		$	11,144		$	19,966		$	(20,828	)	$	20,846
Net income (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic⁽¹⁾	$	0.52		$	0.55		$	0.99		$	(1.03	)	$	1.03
Diluted⁽¹⁾⁽³⁾	0.51			0.54			0.97			(1.03		)	1.01

	2017
	First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter			Total
Net sales	$	240,669		$	295,842		$	294,268		$	308,668		$	1,139,447
Gross margin	43,156			54,895			55,793			58,985			212,829
Percent of net sales	17.9		%	18.6		%	19.0		%	19.1		%	18.7		%
Net income (loss)	$	3,050		$	7,313		$	9,320		$	(8,232	)	$	11,451
Net income (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic⁽²⁾	$	0.15		$	0.37		$	0.47		$	(0.41	)	$	0.57
Diluted⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	0.15			0.36			0.46			(0.41		)	0.56

⁽¹⁾ Net income (loss) per basic and diluted share for the fourth quarter 2018 includes the impact of $41.4 million in pension settlement charges. For additional information refer to Note O.

⁽²⁾Net income (loss) per basic and diluted share for the fourth quarter of 2017 and 2018 includes the impact of $17.1 million in income tax expense and $11.1 million of income tax benefits, respectively, as a result of the TCJA signed into law on December 22, 2017. For additional information refer to Note H.

⁽³⁾ Since the Company reported a net loss for the fourth quarter of both 2018 and 2017, the effects of potential common shares were excluded from diluted earnings per share, as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

The Company follows a 13-week quarterly accounting cycle pursuant to which the first three fiscal quarters end on a Friday and the fiscal year always ends on December 31.

Valuation And Qualifying Accounts

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts [Abstract]

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

Materion Corporation and Subsidiaries

Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016



Column A	Column B		Column C					Column D			Column E
(Thousands)	Balance at Beginning of Period		ADDITIONS					Deduction			Balance at End of Period
(Thousands)	Balance at Beginning of Period		Charged to Costs and Expenses			Charged to Other Accounts		Deduction			Balance at End of Period
Year ended December 31, 2018
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable	$	640	$	271		$	—	$	295	(A)	$	616
Inventory reserves and obsolescence	13,176		3,341			—		4,491		(B)	12,026
Year ended December 31, 2017
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable	$	857	$	84		$	—	$	301	(A)	$	640
Inventory reserves and obsolescence	14,407		3,521			—		4,752		(B)	13,176
Year ended December 31, 2016
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable	$	1,197	$	(34	)	$	—	$	306	(A)	$	857
Inventory reserves and obsolescence	7,869		10,564			—		4,026		(B)	14,407

Note (A) - Bad debts written-off, net of recoveries

Note (B) - Inventory write-off

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Organization

Organization: Materion Corporation (the Company) is a holding company with subsidiaries that have operations in the United States, Europe, and Asia. These operations manufacture advanced engineered materials used in a variety of end markets, including consumer electronics, industrial components, defense, medical, automotive electronics, telecommunications infrastructure, energy, commercial aerospace, science, services, and appliance. The Company has four reportable segments: Performance Alloys and Composites, Advanced Materials, Precision Coatings, and Other. Other includes unallocated corporate costs.

Refer to Note D for additional segment details. The Company is vertically integrated and distributes its products through a combination of company-owned facilities and independent distributors and agents.

Business Combinations

Business Combinations: The Company records assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition at their respective fair values. Any intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recognized and reported apart from goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of the tangible net assets and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred.

The amounts reflected in Note C are the results of the final purchase price allocation.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Consolidation

Consolidation: The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Materion Corporation and its subsidiaries. All of the Company’s subsidiaries were wholly owned as of December 31, 2018. Intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Cash Equivalents

Cash Equivalents: All highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased are considered to be cash equivalents. At December 31, 2018, the Company had $50.3 million of cash equivalents invested in institutional money market funds. The carrying value of the money market funds approximates fair value due to their short-term maturities.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable: An allowance for doubtful accounts is maintained for the estimated losses resulting from the inability of customers to pay amounts due. The allowance is based upon identified delinquent accounts, customer payment patterns, and other analyses of historical data and trends. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $616 and $640 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectfully. The Company extends credit to customers based upon their financial condition, and collateral is not generally required.

Inventories

Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The cost of the majority of domestic inventories is determined using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method to reflect a better matching of costs and revenues. The remaining inventories are stated principally at average costs. Inventories valued on the LIFO cost method were approximately 57% of inventories, net in 2018, and 52% of inventories, net in 2017.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, Plant, and Equipment: Property, plant, and equipment is stated on the basis of cost. Depreciation is computed principally by the straight-line method, except certain assets for which depreciation may be computed by the units-of-production method. The depreciable lives that are used in computing the annual provision for depreciation by class of asset are primarily as follows:



	Years
Land improvements	10 to 20
Buildings	20 to 40
Leasehold improvements	Life of lease
Machinery and equipment	3 to 15
Furniture and fixtures	4 to 10
Automobiles and trucks	3 to 8
Research equipment	3 to 10
Computer hardware	3 to 10
Computer software	3 to 10

An asset acquired under a capital lease will be recorded at the lesser of the present value of the projected lease payments or the fair value of the asset and will be depreciated in accordance with the above schedule. Leasehold improvements will be depreciated over the life of the improvement if it is shorter than the life of the lease. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

Mineral Resources and Mine Development

Mineral Resources and Mine Development: Property acquisition costs are capitalized as mineral resources on the balance sheet and are depleted using the units-of-production method based upon total estimated recoverable proven reserves of the beryllium-bearing bertrandite ore body. The Company uses beryllium pounds as the unit of accounting measure, and depletion expense is recorded on a pro-rata basis based upon the amount of beryllium pounds extracted as a percentage of total estimated beryllium pounds contained in all ore bodies.

Mine development costs at our open pit surface mines include drilling, infrastructure, other related costs to delineate an ore body, and the removal of overburden to initially expose an ore body. Before mineralization is classified as proven and probable reserves, costs are classified as exploration expense. Capitalization of mine development project costs that meet the definition of an asset begins once mineralization is classified as proven and probable reserves.

Drilling and related costs are capitalized for an ore body where proven and probable reserves exist, and the activities are directed at obtaining additional information on the ore body. All other drilling and related costs are expensed as incurred. Drilling costs incurred during the production phase for operational ore control are allocated to inventory costs and then included as a component of costs applicable to sales.

The costs of removing overburden and waste materials to access the ore body at an open-pit mine prior to the production phase are capitalized during the development of an open-pit mine and are capitalized at each pit. These costs are amortized as the ore is extracted using the units-of-production method based upon total estimated recoverable proven reserves for the individual pit. The Company uses beryllium pounds as the unit of accounting measure for recording amortization.

To the extent that the aforementioned costs benefit an entire ore body, the costs are amortized over the estimated useful life of the ore body. Costs incurred to access specific ore blocks or areas that only provide benefit over the life of that area are amortized over the estimated life of that specific ore block area.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets: Goodwill is reviewed annually for impairment or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. The Company conducts its annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment assessment as of the first day of the fourth quarter, or more frequently under certain circumstances. Goodwill is assigned to the reporting unit, which is the operating segment level or one level below the operating segment. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized using the straight-line method or effective interest method, as applicable, over the periods estimated to be benefited, which is generally 20 years or less. Finite-lived intangible assets are also reviewed for impairment if facts and circumstances warrant.

Asset Impairment

Asset Impairment: In the event that facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of long-lived assets may be impaired, an evaluation of recoverability is performed by comparing the carrying value of the assets to the associated estimated future undiscounted cash flow. If the carrying value exceeds that cash flow, then the assets are written down to their fair values.

Derivatives

Derivatives: The Company recognizes all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. If the derivative is designated and effective as a cash flow hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), a component of shareholders’ equity, until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. If the derivative is designated as a fair value hedge, changes in fair value are offset against the change in the fair value of the hedged asset, liability, or commitment through earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value, if any, is recognized in earnings immediately. If a derivative is not a hedge, changes in its fair value are adjusted through the income statement.

Asset Retirement Obligation

Asset Retirement Obligation: The Company records a liability to recognize the legal obligation to remove an asset at the time the asset is acquired or when the legal liability arises. The liability is recorded for the present value of the ultimate obligation by discounting the estimated future cash flows using a credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate. The liability is accreted over time, with the accretion charged to expense. An asset equal to the fair value of the liability is recorded concurrent with the liability and depreciated over the life of the underlying asset.

Unearned Income

Unearned Income: Expenditures for capital equipment to be reimbursed under government contracts are recorded in property, plant, and equipment, while the reimbursements for those expenditures are recorded in unearned income, a liability on the balance sheet. When the assets subject to reimbursement are placed in service, the total cost is depreciated over the useful lives, and the unearned income liability is reduced and credited to cost of sales on the Consolidated Statements of Income ratably with the annual depreciation expense. Depreciation and amortization expense on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows is shown net of the associated period reduction in the unearned income liability.

Advertising Costs

Advertising Costs: The Company expenses all advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs were $1,196 in 2018, $1,252 in 2017, and $1,163 in 2016.

Stock-based Compensation

Stock-based Compensation: The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense based on the grant date fair value of the award over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award. The fair value of restricted stock units is based on the closing price of the Company's common shares on the grant date. Stock appreciation rights (SARs) are granted with an exercise price equal to the closing price of the Company's common shares on the date of grant. The fair value of SARs is determined using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which incorporates assumptions regarding the expected volatility, the expected option life, the risk-free interest rate, and the expected dividend yield. See Note Q for additional information about stock-based compensation.

Capitalized Interest

Capitalized Interest: Interest expense associated with active capital asset construction and mine development projects is capitalized and amortized over the future useful lives of the related assets.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes: The Company uses the liability method in measuring the provision for income taxes and recognizing deferred tax assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. The Company will record a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized, as warranted by current facts and circumstances. The Company applies a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold for all tax uncertainties and will record a liability for those tax benefits that have a less than 50% likelihood of being sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities.

Net Income Per Share

Net Income Per Share: Basic earnings per share (EPS) is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the assumed conversion of all dilutive common stock equivalents as appropriate using the treasury stock method.

New Pronouncements

New Pronouncements Adopted: In March 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2017-07, Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Post-retirement Benefit Cost, which requires an employer to report the service cost component of net benefit cost in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by pertinent employees during the period. This ASU requires non-service cost components of net benefit cost to be presented in a caption below the Company's Operating profit and allows only the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the new standard as of January 1, 2018 and applied its amendments retrospectively for the presentation of service cost and other components of net benefit cost on the income statement and prospectively for the capitalization of service cost and net periodic post-retirement benefits in assets. The application of ASU 2017-07 resulted in an increase to Operating profit of $1.5 million and $1.8 million for 2017 and 2016, respectively, which was offset by a corresponding increase in Other non-operating expense, net. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material effect on the Company's financial condition or liquidity. The Company utilized this ASU's practical expedient, which permits the Company to use the amounts disclosed in its Pensions and Other Post-employment Benefits note for the prior comparative periods as the estimation basis for applying the retrospective presentation requirements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), which supersedes previous revenue recognition guidance. The Company adopted the new standard using the modified retrospective method as of January 1, 2018. Prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted. This approach was applied to all contracts not completed as of January 1, 2018. The new standard primarily impacted the Company's timing of revenue recognition for certain contracts and subcontracts with the United States (U.S.) government that contain termination for convenience clauses, and due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606, the Company recorded an increase to beginning retained earnings of $0.4 million, net of tax as summarized below:



(Thousands)	December 31, 2017		Adjustments due to ASC 606			January 1, 2018
Assets
Unbilled receivables	$	—	$	2,658		$	2,658
Inventories	220,352		(2,059		)	218,293

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Other liabilities and accrued items	$	28,044	61			28,105
Deferred income taxes	213		113			326
Retained earnings	536,116		425			536,541

The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact to the Company's consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note B for additional disclosures relating to ASC 606.

New Pronouncements Issued: In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which amends and simplifies existing guidance to allow companies to more accurately present the economic effects of risk management activities in the financial statements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, which eliminates the off-balance-sheet accounting for leases. The new guidance will require lessees to report their operating leases as both an asset and liability on the balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. This ASU is required to be applied using a modified retrospective adoption method with the option of applying the guidance either retrospectively to each prior comparative reporting period presented or retrospectively at the beginning of the period of adoption. This ASU is effective for interim and annual periods on January 1, 2019, and the Company will apply the transitional package of practical expedients allowed by the standard to not reassess the identification, classification and initial direct costs of leases commencing before this ASU's effective date; however, the Company will not elect the hindsight transitional practical expedient. The Company also will apply the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components to new leases as well as existing leases through transition. The Company will elect an accounting policy to not apply recognition requirements of the guidance to short-term leases.

The Company is nearing completion of its assessment process and its determination of the expanded disclosure regarding leases, as well as the impact to the consolidated financial statements. The Company is also concluding its testing of the functionality and related controls of a new third-party lease accounting system and implementing other new processes and controls to support recognition and disclosure under the new lease standard. The adoption of the new standard will result in the recording of lease assets and lease liabilities for operating leases in the range of approximately $26 million to $28 million as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or debt covenants.

No other recently issued ASUs are expected to have a material effect on the Company's results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity.

Revenue Recognition (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition, Policy

Net sales consist primarily of revenue from the sale of precious and non-precious specialty metals, beryllium and copper-based alloys, beryllium composites, and other products into numerous end markets. The Company requires an agreement with a customer that creates enforceable rights and performance obligations. The Company generally recognizes revenue, in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled, upon satisfaction of a performance obligation by transferring control over a product to the customer. Control over the product is generally transferred to the customer when the Company has a present right to payment, the customer has legal title, the customer has physical possession, the customer has the significant risks and rewards of ownership, and/or the customer has accepted the product.

Shipping and Handling Costs: The Company accounts for shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers as costs to fulfill its promise to transfer the associated products. Accordingly, customer payments of shipping and handling costs are recorded as a component of net sales, and related costs are recorded as a component of cost of sales.

Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities: Revenue is recorded net of taxes collected from customers that are remitted to governmental authorities, with the collected taxes recorded as current liabilities until remitted to the relevant government authority.

Product Warranty: Substantially all of the Company’s customer contracts contain a warranty that provides assurance that the purchased product will function as expected and in accordance with certain specifications. The warranty is intended to safeguard the customer against existing defects and does not provide any incremental service to the customer.

Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations: ASC 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied at December 31, 2018. Remaining performance obligations include noncancelable purchase orders and customer contracts. The guidance provides certain practical expedients that limit this requirement. As such, the Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. After considering the practical expedient, at December 31, 2018, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was approximately $28.8 million.

Contract Costs: The Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. These costs primarily relate to sales commissions, which are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses.

Contract Balances: The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections resulted in the following contract assets and contract liabilities:



(Thousands)	December 31, 2018		January 1, 2018		$ change		% change
Accounts receivable, trade	$	124,498	$	122,393	$	2,105	2	%
Unbilled receivables	4,619		2,658		1,961		74	%
Unearned revenue	5,918		5,451		467		9	%

Accounts receivable, trade represents payments due from customers relating to the transfer of the Company’s products and services. The Company believes that its receivables are collectible and appropriate allowances for doubtful accounts have been recorded. Impairment losses (bad debt) incurred relating to our receivables were immaterial during 2018.

Unbilled receivables represent expenditures on contracts, plus applicable profit margin, not yet billed. Unbilled receivables are normally billed and collected within one year. Billings made on contracts are recorded as a reduction of unbilled receivables.

Unearned revenue is recorded for consideration received from customers in advance of satisfaction of the related performance obligations.

As a practical expedient, the Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component because the period between the transfer of a product or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that product or service will be one year or less. The Company does not include extended payment terms in its contracts with customers.

Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of depreciable lives by class of assets

The depreciable lives that are used in computing the annual provision for depreciation by class of asset are primarily as follows:



	Years
Land improvements	10 to 20
Buildings	20 to 40
Leasehold improvements	Life of lease
Machinery and equipment	3 to 15
Furniture and fixtures	4 to 10
Automobiles and trucks	3 to 8
Research equipment	3 to 10
Computer hardware	3 to 10
Computer software	3 to 10

Schedule of New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles

The new standard primarily impacted the Company's timing of revenue recognition for certain contracts and subcontracts with the United States (U.S.) government that contain termination for convenience clauses, and due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606, the Company recorded an increase to beginning retained earnings of $0.4 million, net of tax as summarized below:



(Thousands)	December 31, 2017		Adjustments due to ASC 606			January 1, 2018
Assets
Unbilled receivables	$	—	$	2,658		$	2,658
Inventories	220,352		(2,059		)	218,293

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Other liabilities and accrued items	$	28,044	61			28,105
Deferred income taxes	213		113			326
Retained earnings	536,116		425			536,541

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections resulted in the following contract assets and contract liabilities:



(Thousands)	December 31, 2018		January 1, 2018		$ change		% change
Accounts receivable, trade	$	124,498	$	122,393	$	2,105	2	%
Unbilled receivables	4,619		2,658		1,961		74	%
Unearned revenue	5,918		5,451		467		9	%

Acquisitions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Schedule of Business Acquisitions, by Acquisition

The final purchase price allocation for the acquisition is as follows:



(Thousands)	Amount
Assets:
Inventories	$	7,221
Prepaid and other current assets	2,270
Deferred income taxes	14
Property, plant, and equipment	6,501
Intangible assets	3,649
Goodwill	3,574
Total assets acquired	$	23,229

Liabilities:
Other liabilities and accrued items	$	984
Other long-term liabilities	449
Retirement and post-employment benefits	5,292
Total liabilities assumed	$	6,725

Total purchase price	$	16,504

Segment Reporting and Geographic Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Reporting

Financial information for reportable segments was as follows:




(Thousands)	Performance Alloys and Composites		Advanced Materials		Precision Coatings		Other			Total
2018
Net sales	$	500,590	$	586,643	$	120,582	$	—		$	1,207,815
Intersegment sales	37		50,460		—		—			50,497
Operating profit (loss)	58,832		17,651		11,468		(26,455		)	61,496
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization	17,434		8,575		7,066		2,449			35,524
Expenditures for long-lived assets	15,396		15,523		1,983		1,358			34,260
Assets	410,239		207,183		90,537		92,382			800,341
2017
Net sales	$	429,442	$	590,789	$	119,216	$	—		$	1,139,447
Intersegment sales	114		58,056		—		—			58,170
Operating profit (loss)	21,978		32,763		8,445		(23,155		)	40,031
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization	23,209		7,354		9,721		2,467			42,751
Expenditures for long-lived assets	10,427		13,318		3,048		2,283			29,076
Assets	418,798		202,389		97,504		72,393			791,084
2016
Net sales	$	387,539	$	437,249	$	144,448	$	—		$	969,236
Intersegment sales	240		70,457		—		—			70,697
Operating profit (loss)	6,601		26,282		11,635		(15,638		)	28,880
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization	27,059		6,644		9,945		2,003			45,651
Expenditures for long-lived assets	26,604		4,931		3,176		2,327			37,038
Assets	422,787		133,682		108,788		76,041			741,298

Intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation.

Sales and long-lived assets attributed to countries based upon the location of customers

Other geographic information includes the following:



(Thousands)	2018		2017		2016
Net sales
United States	$	726,881	$	650,675	$	639,675
Asia	270,672		265,991		193,739
Europe	186,081		205,118		121,648
All other	24,181		17,663		14,174
Total	$	1,207,815	$	1,139,447	$	969,236
Long-lived assets by country deployed
United States	$	215,395	$	227,412	$	240,309
All other	35,623		28,166		12,322
Total	$	251,018	$	255,578	$	252,631

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table disaggregates revenue for each segment by end market for 2018:



(Thousands)	Performance Alloys and Composites		Advanced Materials		Precision Coatings		Other		Total
2018
End Market
Consumer Electronics	$	103,339	$	327,355	$	18,886	$	—	$	449,580
Industrial Components	101,646		46,988		11,139		—		159,773
Energy	41,474		77,248		12		—		118,734
Automotive Electronics	78,963		—		1,521		—		80,484
Defense	45,162		15,233		20,077		—		80,472
Medical	8,349		17,627		65,125		—		91,101
Telecom Infrastructure	38,526		28,437		59		—		67,022
Other	83,131		73,755		3,763		—		160,649
Total	$	500,590	$	586,643	$	120,582	$	—	$	1,207,815

Intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation.

Other-net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Other-net [Abstract]

Summary of other-net expense

Other-net is summarized for 2018, 2017, and 2016 as follows:



	(Income) Expense
(Thousands)	2018			2017			2016
Metal consignment fees	$	10,999		$	8,782		$	6,409
Amortization of intangible assets	2,265			4,629			4,498
Foreign currency loss (gain)	1,487			(722		)	1,525
Net loss (gain) on disposal of fixed assets	518			234			(648		)
Rental income	(416		)	(168		)	(21		)
Other items	481			1,138			(475		)
Total other-net	$	15,334		$	13,893		$	11,288

Restructuring (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring

These costs are presented in the Company's segment results as follows:



(Thousands)	2018		2017			2016
Performance Alloys & Composites	$	—	$	(16	)	$	2,586
Advanced Materials	5,599		—			—
Precision Coatings	—		431			—
Other	—		229			—
Total	$	5,599	$	644		$	2,586

Interest (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Interest [Abstract]

Summary of interest incurred, capitalized and paid

The following chart summarizes the interest incurred, capitalized, and paid for 2018, 2017, and 2016:



(Thousands)	2018		2017		2016
Interest incurred	$	2,870	$	2,608	$	2,219
Less: Capitalized interest	399		425		430
Total net expense	$	2,471	$	2,183	$	1,789
Interest paid	$	1,436	$	1,646	$	1,611

Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income tax expenses benefit

Income (loss) before income taxes and income tax expense (benefit) are comprised of the following:



(Thousands)	2018			2017		2016
Income before income taxes:
Domestic	$	20,272		$	28,327	$	13,934
Foreign	(3,930		)	8,069		11,381
Total income before income taxes	$	16,342		$	36,396	$	25,315
Income tax expense:
Current income tax expense:
Domestic	$	(5,896	)	$	1,912	$	6,505
Foreign	2,710			2,777		2,080
Total current	$	(3,186	)	$	4,689	$	8,585
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense:
Domestic	$	(4,083	)	$	19,935	$	(8,842	)
Foreign	2,765			321		(168		)
Total deferred	$	(1,318	)	$	20,256	$	(9,010	)
Total income tax (benefit) expense	$	(4,504	)	$	24,945	$	(425	)

Effective income tax rate reconciliation

A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the Company's effective income tax rate is as follows:



	2018		2017		2016
U.S. federal statutory rate	21.0	%	35.0	%	35.0	%
State and local income taxes, net of federal tax effect	0.1		2.3		(0.4	)
Effect of excess of percentage depletion over cost depletion	(17.8	)	(10.0	)	(10.6	)
Manufacturing production deduction, including impact of NOL carryback	6.3		(0.8	)	(3.3	)
Foreign derived intangible income deduction	(2.9	)	—		—
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act impact	(67.8	)	47.1		—
Foreign rate differential	1.5		(3.4	)	(5.9	)
Research and development tax credit	(7.6	)	(2.6	)	(6.6	)
Foreign tax credit	(1.9	)	(1.1	)	(28.1	)
Foreign repatriation	2.0		1.3		13.7
Incremental fixed asset basis	—		(3.4	)	—
Adjustment to unrecognized tax benefits	2.7		2.8		3.2
Stock compensation - excess tax benefits	(4.4	)	(1.9	)	—
Valuation allowance	38.7		2.4		0.1
Other items	2.5		0.8		1.2
Effective tax rate	(27.6	)%	68.5	%	(1.7	)%

Deferred tax assets and liabilities

Deferred tax assets and (liabilities) recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of the following:



	December 31,
(Thousands)	2018			2017
Asset (liability)
Post-employment benefits other than pensions	$	2,198		$	2,787
Other reserves	693			1,371
Deferred compensation	3,539			5,054
Environmental reserves	1,463			1,452
Inventory	3,032			4,636
Pensions	8,105			14,307
Accrued compensation expense	6,215			2,852
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards	12,002			6,374
Research and development tax credit carryforward	744			2,466
Foreign tax credit carryforward	2,385			9,481
Subtotal	40,376			50,780
Valuation allowance	(15,917		)	(16,246		)
Total deferred tax assets	24,459			34,534
Depreciation	(10,280		)	(10,250		)
Amortization	(3,635		)	(2,900		)
Mine development	(5,123		)	(3,621		)
Capitalized interest expense	—			(112		)
Derivative instruments and hedging activities	—			(817		)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(19,038		)	(17,700		)
Net deferred tax asset	$	5,421		$	16,834

Reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits

A reconciliation of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits for the year-to-date periods ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:



(Thousands)	2018			2017
Balance at January 1	$	2,944		$	2,048
Additions to tax provisions related to the current year	443			163
Additions to tax positions related to prior years	4			1,210
Reduction to tax positions related to prior years	(508		)	(121		)
Lapses on statutes of limitations	—			(356		)
Balance at December 31	$	2,883		$	2,944

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of basic and diluted net earnings per share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS:



(Thousands except per share amounts)	2018		2017		2016
Numerator for basic and diluted EPS:
Net income	$	20,846	$	11,451	$	25,740
Denominator:
Denominator for basic EPS:
Weighted-average shares outstanding	20,212		20,027		19,983
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock appreciation rights	170		174		74
Restricted stock units	85		96		88
Performance-based restricted stock units	146		118		68
Diluted potential common shares	401		388		230
Denominator for diluted EPS:
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding	20,613		20,415		20,213
Basic EPS	$	1.03	$	0.57	$	1.29
Diluted EPS	$	1.01	$	0.56	$	1.27

Inventories (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Inventories

Inventories in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized as follows:



	December 31,
(Thousands)	2018		2017
Raw materials and supplies	$	33,182	$	42,958
Work in process	195,879		187,719
Finished goods	30,643		34,418
Subtotal	259,704		265,095
Less: LIFO reserve balance	44,833		44,743
Inventories	$	214,871	$	220,352

Property, Plant, and Equipment (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Summary of Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant, and equipment on the Consolidated Balance Sheets is summarized as follows:



	December 31,
(Thousands)	2018			2017
Land	$	4,874		$	4,874
Buildings	149,701			137,196
Machinery and equipment	631,421			626,186
Software	42,678			40,575
Construction in progress	14,468			29,963
Allowances for depreciation	(642,365		)	(615,134		)
Subtotal	200,777			223,660
Capital leases	22,150			10,912
Allowances for depreciation	(2,412		)	(2,741		)
Subtotal	19,738			8,171
Mineral resources	4,980			4,979
Mine development	27,979			37,103
Allowances for amortization and depletion	(2,456		)	(18,335		)
Subtotal	30,503			23,747
Property, plant, and equipment — net	$	251,018		$	255,578

Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of cost, accumulated amortization and net book value of intangible assets

The cost and accumulated amortization of intangible assets subject to amortization as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, is as follows:



	2018					2017
(Thousands)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Customer relationships	$	39,601	$	(37,077	)	$	40,751	$	(36,949	)
Technology	13,377		(12,238		)	13,467		(11,495		)
Licenses and other	4,257		(2,725		)	4,519		(2,672		)
Total	$	57,235	$	(52,040	)	$	58,737	$	(51,116	)

Finite-lived Intangible Assets Amortization Expense

The aggregate amortization expense relating to intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2018 and estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years is as follows:



	Amortization
(Thousands)	Expense
2018	$	2,265
2019	1,366
2020	603
2021	485
2022	485
2023	485

Schedule of Goodwill

The balance of goodwill at both December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $90.7 million and assigned to the following segments:



(Thousands)	2018		2017
Performance Alloys and Composites	$	1,899	$	1,899
Advanced Materials	50,276		50,296
Precision Coatings	38,482		38,482
Total	$	90,657	$	90,677

Debt (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of long-term debt

Long-term debt in the Consolidated Balance Sheets is summarized as follows:



	December 31,
(Thousands)	2018			2017
Fixed rate industrial development revenue bonds payable in annual installments through 2021	$	3,041		$	3,818
Total debt outstanding	3,041			3,818
Current portion of long-term debt	(823		)	(777		)
Gross long-term debt	2,218			3,041
Unamortized deferred financing fees	(152		)	(214		)
Long-term debt	$	2,066		$	2,827

Maturities on long-term debt instruments

Maturities on long-term debt instruments as of December 31, 2018 are as follows:



(Thousands)
2019	$	823
2020	868
2021	1,350
2022	—
2023	—
Thereafter	—
Total	$	3,041

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of long-debt instruments or arrangements, including identification, terms, features, collateral requirements and other information necessary to a fair presentation. These are debt arrangements that originally required repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the entity, if longer.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682

Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1A
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=114775744&loc=d3e28541-108399

Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109259400&loc=d3e21506-112644

Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(e),(f))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690

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-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
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-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109259400&loc=d3e21521-112644

Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=75038535&loc=d3e64711-112823

Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 55
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-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=114775985&loc=d3e28878-108400

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109259400&loc=d3e21475-112644

+ Details

Leasing Arrangements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Leases [Abstract]

Future estimated minimum payments under capital leases and non-cancelable operating leases

The future estimated minimum payments under capital leases and non-cancelable operating leases with initial lease terms in excess of one year at December 31, 2018, are as follows:



	Capital		Operating
(Thousands)	Leases		Leases
2019	$	2,172	$	7,287
2020	2,172		6,525
2021	2,172		4,966
2022	2,172		3,790
2023	1,463		3,532
2024 and thereafter	21,056		4,287
Total minimum lease payments	31,207		$	30,387
Amounts representing interest	19,338
Present value of net minimum lease payments	$	11,869

Pensions and Other Post-Employment Benefits (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Obligation and funded status of the company's pension and other post-retirement benefit plans

The obligation and funded status of the Company’s pension and other post-employment benefit plans are shown below. The Pension Benefits column aggregates defined benefit pension plans in the U.S., Germany, and England, and the U.S. supplemental retirement plans. The Other Benefits column includes the domestic retiree medical and life insurance plan.



	Pension Benefits						Other Benefits
(Thousands)	2018			2017			2018			2017
Change in benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	313,728		$	276,801		$	14,166		$	14,334
Service cost	6,953			7,587			111			91
Interest cost	9,554			9,949			396			398
Settlements	(112,644		)	—			—			—
Acquisition	—			7,645			—			—
Plan amendments	—			3,804			—			—
Actuarial loss (gain)	(31,824		)	18,549			(2,453		)	444
Benefit payments	(13,700		)	(13,459		)	(876		)	(1,107		)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes and other	(1,931		)	2,852			31			6
Benefit obligation at end of year	170,136			313,728			11,375			14,166
Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	234,976			199,992			—			—
Plan settlements	(111,542		)	—			—			—
Acquisition	—			2,353			—			—
Actual return on plan assets	(8,570		)	29,428			—			—
Employer contributions	42,227			16,338			—			—
Employee contributions	146			162			—			—
Benefit payments from fund	(10,826		)	(13,072		)	—			—
Expenses paid from assets	(890		)	(1,133		)	—			—
Foreign currency exchange rate changes and other	(475		)	908			—			—
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	145,046			234,976			—			—
Funded status at end of year	$	(25,090	)	$	(78,752	)	$	(11,375	)	$	(14,166	)
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of:
Other assets	$	1,948		$	1,797		$	—		$	—
Other liabilities and accrued items	(411		)	(2,490		)	(1,258		)	(1,412		)
Retirement and post-employment benefits	(26,627		)	(78,059		)	(10,117		)	(12,754		)
	$	(25,090	)	$	(78,752	)	$	(11,375	)	$	(14,166	)

Schedule of Amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to be Recognized over Next Fiscal Year [Table Text Block]

The following amounts are included within accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2018 and are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost during 2019:



	Pension Benefits					Other Benefits
(Thousands)	2018		2017			2018			2017
Amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (before tax) consist of:
Net actuarial loss (gain)	$	61,599	$	119,114		$	(2,429	)	$	24
Net prior service cost (credit)	3,810		3,688			(6,546		)	(8,044		)
	$	65,409	$	122,802		$	(8,975	)	$	(8,020	)
Amortizations expected to be recognized during next fiscal year (before tax):
Amortization of net loss	$	3,769	$	8,077		$	—		$	—
Net prior service cost (credit)	482		(123		)	(1,497		)	(1,497		)
	$	4,251	$	7,954		$	(1,497	)	$	(1,497	)

Schedule of Accumulated and Projected Benefit Obligations

The following table provides information regarding the accumulated benefit obligation:



	Pension Benefits				Other Benefits
(Thousands)	2018		2017		2018		2017
Additional information
Accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans	$	161,169	$	302,942	$	—	$	—
For defined benefit pension plans with benefit obligations in excess of plan assets:
Aggregate benefit obligation	165,344		304,814		—		—
Aggregate fair value of plan assets	138,305		227,115		—		—
For defined benefit pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets:
Aggregate accumulated benefit obligation	156,639		296,878		—		—
Aggregate fair value of plan assets	138,305		227,115		—		—

Schedule of Net Benefit Costs

The following table summarizes components of net benefit cost:



	Pension Benefits									Other Benefits
(Thousands)	2018			2017			2016			2018			2017			2016
Net benefit cost
Service cost	$	6,953		$	7,587		$	7,473		$	111		$	91		$	105
Interest cost	9,554			9,949			10,820			396			398			562
Expected return on plan assets	(14,231		)	(13,760		)	(13,654		)	—			—			—
Amortization of prior service credit	(123		)	(274		)	(460		)	(1,497		)	(1,497		)	(1,497		)
Recognized net actuarial loss	7,171			6,636			6,005			—			—			—
Net periodic cost	9,324			10,138			10,184			(990		)	(1,008		)	(830		)
Settlements	41,406			—			120			—			—			—
Total net benefit cost	$	50,730		$	10,138		$	10,304		$	(990	)	$	(1,008	)	$	(830	)

Summary of cumulative net gain (loss) by component, net of tax, within other comprehensive income

The following table summarizes amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI):



	Pension Benefits									Other Benefits
(Thousands)	2018			2017			2016			2018			2017			2016
Change in other comprehensive income
OCI at beginning of year	$	122,802		$	121,329		$	112,518		$	(8,020	)	$	(9,961	)	$	(11,267	)
Increase (decrease) in OCI:
Recognized during year — prior service cost (credit)	123			274			460			1,497			1,497			1,497
Recognized during year — net actuarial (losses) gains	(7,171		)	(6,636		)	(6,005		)	—			—			—
Occurring during year — prior service cost	—			3,804			—			—			—			—
Occurring during year — net actuarial losses (gains)	(8,997		)	4,055			14,279			(2,453		)	444			(191		)
Other adjustments	(41,406		)	—			120			—			—			—
Foreign currency exchange rate changes	58			(24		)	(43		)	—			—			—
OCI at end of year	$	65,409		$	122,802		$	121,329		$	(8,976	)	$	(8,020	)	$	(9,961	)

Changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income, including amounts reclassified out, for 2018, 2017, and 2016, and the balances in accumulated other comprehensive income as of December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016 are as follows:



	Gains and Losses On Cash Flow Hedges												Pension and Post- Employment Benefits			Foreign Currency Translation
(Thousands)	Foreign Currency			Precious Metals			Copper			Total			Pension and Post- Employment Benefits			Foreign Currency Translation			Total
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	1,579		$	—		$	—		$	1,579		$	(76,796	)	$	(5,488	)	$	(80,705	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(377		)	—			—			(377		)	(14,165		)	(172		)	(14,714		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	784			—			—			784			4,048			—			4,832
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	407			—			—			407			(10,117		)	(172		)	(9,882		)
Deferred taxes on current period activity	149			—			—			149			(4,555		)	—			(4,406		)
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	258			—			—			258			(5,562		)	(172		)	(5,476		)
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	1,837		$	—		$	—		$	1,837		$	(82,358	)	$	(5,660	)	$	(86,181	)

Balance at December 31, 2016	$	1,837		$	—		$	—		$	1,837		$	(82,358	)	$	(5,660	)	$	(86,181	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(1,180		)	(463		)	—			(1,643		)	(8,279		)	1,552			(8,370		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	632			208			—			840			4,865			—			5,705
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	(548		)	(255		)	—			(803		)	(3,414		)	1,552			(2,665		)
Deferred taxes on current period activity	330			(59		)	—			271			13,820			—			14,091
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	(878		)	(196		)	—			(1,074		)	(17,234		)	1,552			(16,756		)
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	959		$	(196	)	$	—		$	763		$	(99,592	)	$	(4,108	)	$	(102,937	)

Balance at December 31, 2017	$	959		$	(196	)	$	—		$	763		$	(99,592	)	$	(4,108	)	$	(102,937	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(333		)	467			(569		)	(435		)	11,396			(484		)	10,477
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	10			(109		)	—			(99		)	46,953			—			46,854
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	(323		)	358			(569		)	(534		)	58,349			(484		)	57,331
Deferred taxes on current period activity	(627		)	83			(128		)	(672		)	13,300			—			12,628
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	304			275			(441		)	138			45,049			(484		)	44,703
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	1,263		$	79		$	(441	)	$	901		$	(54,543	)	$	(4,592	)	$	(58,234	)

Summary of key valuation assumptions

In determining the projected benefit obligation and the net benefit cost, as of a December 31 measurement date, the Company used the following weighted-average assumptions:



	Pension Benefits						Other Benefits
	2018		2017		2016		2018		2017		2016
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at fiscal year end
Discount rate	4.07	%	3.53	%	4.02	%	4.11	%	3.43	%	3.68	%
Rate of compensation increase	3.87	%	3.93	%	4.04	%	4.00	%	4.00	%	4.00	%
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net cost for the fiscal year
Discount rate	3.63	%	3.93	%	4.22	%	3.43	%	3.68	%	3.88	%
Expected long-term return on plan assets	6.63	%	6.89	%	6.90	%	N/A		N/A		N/A
Rate of compensation increase	3.98	%	3.91	%	3.93	%	4.00	%	4.00	%	4.00	%

Assumed health care trend rates



Assumed health care trend rates at fiscal year end	2018	2017
Health care trend rate assumed for next year	6.50%	6.75%
Rate that the trend rate gradually declines to (ultimate trend rate)	5.00%	5.00%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate	2025	2025

Effects of A one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates

A one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:



	1-Percentage- Point Increase				1-Percentage- Point Decrease
(Thousands)	2018		2017		2018			2017
Effect on total of service and interest cost components	$	6	$	8	$	(6	)	$	(8	)
Effect on post-employment benefit obligation	163		212		(152		)	(198		)

Summary of fair values of the Company's defined benefit pension plan assets

The following tables present the fair values of the Company’s defined benefit pension plan assets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 by asset category. The Company has some investments that are valued using net asset value (NAV) as the practical expedient and have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. Refer to Note R for definitions of the fair value hierarchy.



	December 31, 2018
(Thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash	$	21,881	$	21,881	$	—	$	—
Equity securities (a)	50,862		50,862		—		—
Fixed-income securities (b)	18,211		18,211		—		—
Other types of investments:
Real estate fund (c)	3,257		3,257		—		—
Alternative strategies (d)	—		—		—		—
Accrued interest and dividends	—		—		—		—
Total	94,211		94,211		—		—
Investments measured at NAV: (e)
Pooled investment fund (f)	24,947
Multi-strategy hedge funds (g)	4,113
Common/Collective trusts (h)	—
Intermediate-term bonds (i)	21,678
Private equity funds	97
Total assets at fair value	$	145,046

	December 31, 2017
(Thousands)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash	$	10,604	$	10,604	$	—	$	—
Equity securities (a)	109,229		104,261		4,968		—
Fixed-income securities (b)	42,291		30,639		11,652		—
Other types of investments:
Real estate fund (c)	6,617		6,284		333		—
Alternative strategies (d)	9,948		9,893		55		—
Accrued interest and dividends	114		114		—		—
Total	178,803		161,795		17,008		—
Investments measured at NAV: (e)
Pooled investment fund (f)	21,378
Multi-strategy hedge funds (g)	3,970
Common/Collective trusts (h)	8,942
Intermediate-term bonds (i)	21,771
Private equity funds	112
Total assets at fair value	$	234,976


(a)	Equity securities are primarily comprised of corporate stock and mutual funds directly held by the plans. Equity securities are valued using the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded.


(b)	Fixed income securities are primarily comprised of governmental and corporate bonds directly held by the plans. Governmental and corporate bonds are valued using both market observable inputs for similar assets that are traded on an active market and the closing price on the active market on which the individual securities are traded.


(c)	Includes a mutual fund that typically invests at least 80% of its assets in equity and debt securities of companies in the real estate industry or related industries or in companies which own significant real estate assets at the time of investment.


(d)	Includes a mutual fund that tactically allocates assets to global equity, fixed income, and alternative strategies.


(e)	Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the net asset value (NAV) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.


(f)	Pooled investment fund consists of various investment types including equity investments covering a range of geographies and including investment managers that hold long and short positions, property investments, and other multi-strategy funds which combine a range of different credit, equity, and macro-orientated ideas and dynamically allocate funds across asset classes.


(g)	Includes a fund that invests in a broad portfolio of hedge funds.

(h)

The common/collective trusts are comprised of a number of investment funds that invest in a diverse portfolio of assets including equity securities, corporate and governmental bonds, equity and credit indexes, and money markets. Trusts are valued at the NAV as determined by their custodian. NAV represents the accumulation of the unadjusted quoted close prices on the reporting date for the underlying investments divided by the total shares outstanding at the reporting dates.


(i)	Includes a mutual fund that employs a value-oriented approach to fixed income investment management and a mutual fund that invests primarily in investment-grade debt securities.

Estimated Future Benefits payments

The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid:



			Other Benefits
(Thousands)	Pension Benefits		Gross Benefit Payment		Net of Medicare Part D Subsidy
2019	$	3,203	$	1,258	$	1,241
2020	3,619		1,367		1,352
2021	4,457		1,334		1,321
2022	6,051		1,203		1,192
2023	6,293		1,192		1,182
2024 through 2028	44,444		4,155		4,125

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Equity [Abstract]

Summary of cumulative net gain (loss) by component, net of tax, within other comprehensive income

The following table summarizes amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI):



	Pension Benefits									Other Benefits
(Thousands)	2018			2017			2016			2018			2017			2016
Change in other comprehensive income
OCI at beginning of year	$	122,802		$	121,329		$	112,518		$	(8,020	)	$	(9,961	)	$	(11,267	)
Increase (decrease) in OCI:
Recognized during year — prior service cost (credit)	123			274			460			1,497			1,497			1,497
Recognized during year — net actuarial (losses) gains	(7,171		)	(6,636		)	(6,005		)	—			—			—
Occurring during year — prior service cost	—			3,804			—			—			—			—
Occurring during year — net actuarial losses (gains)	(8,997		)	4,055			14,279			(2,453		)	444			(191		)
Other adjustments	(41,406		)	—			120			—			—			—
Foreign currency exchange rate changes	58			(24		)	(43		)	—			—			—
OCI at end of year	$	65,409		$	122,802		$	121,329		$	(8,976	)	$	(8,020	)	$	(9,961	)

Changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income, including amounts reclassified out, for 2018, 2017, and 2016, and the balances in accumulated other comprehensive income as of December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016 are as follows:



	Gains and Losses On Cash Flow Hedges												Pension and Post- Employment Benefits			Foreign Currency Translation
(Thousands)	Foreign Currency			Precious Metals			Copper			Total			Pension and Post- Employment Benefits			Foreign Currency Translation			Total
Balance at December 31, 2015	$	1,579		$	—		$	—		$	1,579		$	(76,796	)	$	(5,488	)	$	(80,705	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(377		)	—			—			(377		)	(14,165		)	(172		)	(14,714		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	784			—			—			784			4,048			—			4,832
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	407			—			—			407			(10,117		)	(172		)	(9,882		)
Deferred taxes on current period activity	149			—			—			149			(4,555		)	—			(4,406		)
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	258			—			—			258			(5,562		)	(172		)	(5,476		)
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	1,837		$	—		$	—		$	1,837		$	(82,358	)	$	(5,660	)	$	(86,181	)

Balance at December 31, 2016	$	1,837		$	—		$	—		$	1,837		$	(82,358	)	$	(5,660	)	$	(86,181	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(1,180		)	(463		)	—			(1,643		)	(8,279		)	1,552			(8,370		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	632			208			—			840			4,865			—			5,705
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	(548		)	(255		)	—			(803		)	(3,414		)	1,552			(2,665		)
Deferred taxes on current period activity	330			(59		)	—			271			13,820			—			14,091
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	(878		)	(196		)	—			(1,074		)	(17,234		)	1,552			(16,756		)
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	959		$	(196	)	$	—		$	763		$	(99,592	)	$	(4,108	)	$	(102,937	)

Balance at December 31, 2017	$	959		$	(196	)	$	—		$	763		$	(99,592	)	$	(4,108	)	$	(102,937	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(333		)	467			(569		)	(435		)	11,396			(484		)	10,477
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	10			(109		)	—			(99		)	46,953			—			46,854
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	(323		)	358			(569		)	(534		)	58,349			(484		)	57,331
Deferred taxes on current period activity	(627		)	83			(128		)	(672		)	13,300			—			12,628
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	304			275			(441		)	138			45,049			(484		)	44,703
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	1,263		$	79		$	(441	)	$	901		$	(54,543	)	$	(4,592	)	$	(58,234	)

Stock-based Compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

SARs/Stock Options roll forward

The following table summarizes the Company's SARs activity during 2018:



(Shares in thousands)	Number of SARs		Weighted- average Exercise Price Per Share		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (thousands)		Weighted- average Remaining Term (Years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	616		$	30.97
Granted	65		50.35
Exercised	(277	)	33.03
Cancelled	(25	)	27.58
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	379		33.01		$	4,894	4.5
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2018	379		33.01		4,894		4.5
Exercisable at December 31, 2018	60		34.10		659		3.0

Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit Activity [Table Text Block]

The following table summarizes the activity related to equity-based, performance-based restricted stock units during 2018:



(Shares in thousands)	Number of Shares		Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	223		$	28.49
Granted	55		62.44
Vested	(75	)	33.31
Forfeited	(1	)	62.44
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	202		$	35.76

SARs/Stock Options Nonvested Share Activity

A summary of the status and changes of shares subject to SARs and the related average price per share follows:



(Shares in thousands)	Number of SARs		Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested as of December 31, 2017	426		$	10.54
Granted	65		15.73
Vested	(147	)	13.11
Cancelled	(25	)	8.73
Nonvested as of December 31, 2018	319		$	10.33

SARS/Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]

The fair value of the SARs was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:



	2018		2017		2016
Risk-free interest rate	2.58	%	1.92	%	1.25	%
Dividend yield	0.8	%	1.1	%	1.4	%
Volatility	31.9	%	34.0	%	38.0	%
Expected lives (in years)	5.5		5.6		5.7

Summary of restricted stock activity

The following table summarizes the stock-settled restricted stock unit activity during 2018:



(Shares in thousands)	Number of Shares		Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	119		$	32.16
Granted	59		50.35
Vested	(38	)	36.69
Forfeited	(10	)	34.07
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	130		$	38.99

Summary of stock activity for the directors deferred compensation plan

The following table summarizes the stock activity for the directors' deferred compensation plan during 2018:



(Shares in thousands)	Number of Shares		Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	164		$	25.96
Granted	12		53.11
Distributed	(24	)	54.71
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	152		$	23.55

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of an equity-based arrangement (such as stock or unit options and stock or unit awards) with an individual employee, which is generally an employment contract between the entity and a selected officer or key employee containing a promise by the employer to pay certain equity-based awards at future dates, sometimes including a period after retirement, upon compliance with stipulated requirements. This type of arrangement is distinguished from broader based employee benefit plans as it is usually tailored to the employee. Disclosure also typically includes the amount of related compensation expense recognized during the reporting period, the number of shares or units issued during the period under such arrangements, and the carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of the related liability.

+ References + Details

Fair Value Information and Derivative Financial Instruments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of fair value information and derivative financial instruments

The following table summarizes the financial instruments measured at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2018 and 2017:



			Fair Value Measurements
(Thousands)	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Other Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
December 31, 2018
Financial Assets
Deferred compensation investments	$	2,156	$	2,156	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts	246		—		246		—
Precious metal swaps	237		—		237		—
Total	$	2,639	$	2,156	$	483	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Deferred compensation liability	$	2,156	$	2,156	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts	432		—		432		—
Precious metal swaps	135		—		135		—
Copper swaps	569		—		569		—
Total	$	3,292	$	2,156	$	1,136	$	—
December 31, 2017
Financial Assets
Deferred compensation investments	$	2,310	$	2,310	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts	254		—		254		—
Precious metal swaps	14		—		14		—
Total	$	2,578	$	2,310	$	268	$	—
Financial Liabilities
Deferred compensation liability	$	2,310	$	2,310	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency forward contracts	201		—		201		—
Precious metal swaps	269		—		269		—
Total	$	2,780	$	2,310	$	470	$	—

Summary of the notional amount and the fair value of the Company's outstanding derivatives

The following table summarizes the notional amount and the fair value of the Company’s outstanding derivatives designated as cash flow hedges and balance sheet classification at December 31, 2018 and 2017:



	December 31, 2018				December 31, 2017
(Thousands)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value
Prepaid expenses
Foreign currency forward contracts - yen	$	—	$	—	$	5,673	$	91
Foreign currency forward contracts - euro	725		2		5,026		36
Precious metal swaps	4,533		237		—		—
	5,258		239		10,699		127

Other assets
Precious metal swaps	—		—		880		14

Other liabilities and accrued items
Foreign currency forward contracts - yen	1,264		17		—		—
Foreign currency forward contracts - euro	19,158		166		13,583		201
Precious metal swaps	2,864		135		10,067		255
Copper swaps	11,170		569		—		—
	34,456		887		23,650		456

Other long-term liabilities
Precious metal swaps	—		—		789		14

Total	$	39,714	$	648	$	36,018	$	329

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

The following table summarizes the notional amount and the fair value of the Company’s outstanding derivatives not designated as hedging instruments and balance sheet classification as of December 31, 2018 and 2017:



	December 31, 2018				December 31, 2017
(Thousands)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value
Foreign currency forward contracts- euro
Prepaid expenses	$	8,767	$	244	$	13,981	$	127
Other liabilities and accrued items	8,771		249		—		—
Total	$	17,538	$	5	$	13,981	$	127

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of financial instruments measured at fair value, including those classified in shareholders' equity measured on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Disclosures include, but are not limited to, fair value measurements recorded and the reasons for the measurements, level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements are categorized and transfers between levels 1 and 2. Nonrecurring fair value measurements are those that are required or permitted in the statement of financial position in particular circumstances.

+ References + Details

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of pertinent information about a derivative or group of derivatives on a disaggregated basis, such as for individual instruments, or small groups of similar instruments. May include a combination of the type of instrument, risks being hedged, notional amount, hedge designation, related hedged item, inception date, maturity date, or other relevant item.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 10
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+ Details

Contingencies and Commitments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Undiscounted reserve

The undiscounted reserve balance at the beginning of the year, the amounts expensed and paid, and the balance at December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:



(Thousands)	2018			2017
Reserve balance at beginning of year	$	6,499		$	6,041
Expensed	718			1,006
Paid	(696		)	(548		)
Reserve balance at end of year	$	6,521		$	6,499
Ending balance recorded in:
Other liabilities and accrued items	$	1,168		$	987
Other long-term liabilities	5,353			5,512

Schedule of Change in Asset Retirement Obligation

The following represents a roll forward of our asset retirement obligation liability related to our mine located in Utah for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017:



(Thousands)	2018		2017
Asset retirement obligation at beginning of period	$	1,167	$	1,084
Accretion expense	89		83
Change in liability	—		—
Asset retirement obligation at end of period	$	1,256	$	1,167

Quarterly Data (Unaudited) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of selected quarterly financial data

The following tables summarize selected quarterly financial data for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017:



	2018
(Thousands except per share amounts)	First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter			Total
Net sales	$	303,467		$	309,085		$	297,193		$	298,070		$	1,207,815
Gross margin	58,280			61,838			64,935			66,052			251,105
Percent of net sales	19.2		%	20.0		%	21.8		%	22.2		%	20.8		%
Net income (loss)	$	10,564		$	11,144		$	19,966		$	(20,828	)	$	20,846
Net income (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic⁽¹⁾	$	0.52		$	0.55		$	0.99		$	(1.03	)	$	1.03
Diluted⁽¹⁾⁽³⁾	0.51			0.54			0.97			(1.03		)	1.01

	2017
	First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter			Total
Net sales	$	240,669		$	295,842		$	294,268		$	308,668		$	1,139,447
Gross margin	43,156			54,895			55,793			58,985			212,829
Percent of net sales	17.9		%	18.6		%	19.0		%	19.1		%	18.7		%
Net income (loss)	$	3,050		$	7,313		$	9,320		$	(8,232	)	$	11,451
Net income (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic⁽²⁾	$	0.15		$	0.37		$	0.47		$	(0.41	)	$	0.57
Diluted⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	0.15			0.36			0.46			(0.41		)	0.56

Significant Accounting Policies Organization (Details)	12 Months Ended
Significant Accounting Policies Organization (Details)	Dec. 31, 2018 Segment
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Number of Reportable Segments	4

Significant Accounting Policies Cash Equivalents (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Money Market Funds, at Carrying Value	$ 50.3

Significant Accounting Policies Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable, Current	$ 616	$ 640

Significant Accounting Policies Inventory (Details)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Percentage of LIFO Inventory	57.00%	52.00%

Significant Accounting Policies Property Plant Equipment (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of lease hold improvements Minimum	Life of lease
Useful life of lease hold improvements Maximum	Life of lease
Minimum \| Land improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	10 years
Minimum \| Buildings
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	20 years
Minimum \| Machinery and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	3 years
Minimum \| Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	4 years
Minimum \| Automobiles and trucks
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	3 years
Minimum \| Research equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	3 years
Minimum \| Computer hardware
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	3 years
Minimum \| Computer software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	3 years
Maximum \| Land improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	20 years
Maximum \| Buildings
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	40 years
Maximum \| Machinery and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	15 years
Maximum \| Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	10 years
Maximum \| Automobiles and trucks
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	8 years
Maximum \| Research equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	10 years
Maximum \| Computer hardware
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	10 years
Maximum \| Computer software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life of class of asset	10 years

Significant Accounting Policies Advertising (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Advertising Expense	$ 1,196	$ 1,252	$ 1,163

Significant Accounting Policies New Pronouncements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Other non-operating expense-net	$ 42,683	$ 1,452	$ 1,776

Significant Accounting Policies Revenue Recognition (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Jan. 01, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Unbilled Receivables		$ 2,658	$ 0
Inventories	$ 214,871	218,293	220,352
Other liabilities and accrued items	33,301	28,105	28,044
Deferred income taxes	195	326	213
Retained earnings	$ 548,374	536,541	$ 536,116
Adjustments for New Accounting Pronouncement
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Unbilled Receivables		2,658
Inventories		(2,059)
Other liabilities and accrued items		61
Deferred income taxes		113
Retained earnings		$ 425

Significant Accounting Policies Revenue Recognition (Details 1) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Jan. 01, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Retained earnings	$ 548,374	$ 536,541	$ 536,116
Adjustments for New Accounting Pronouncement
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Retained earnings		$ 425

Significant Accounting Policies Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Assets	$ 800,341	$ 791,084	$ 741,298
Minimum \| Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Assets	26,000
Liabilities	26,000
Maximum \| Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Assets	28,000
Liabilities	$ 28,000

Revenue Recognition (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Revenue Recognition (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jan. 01, 2018
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Increase (Decrease) in Deferred Revenue	$ 477	$ 4,336	$ (2,590)
Trade Accounts Receivable [Member]
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Accounts Receivable, Trade	124,498			$ 122,393
Change in Accounts Receivable, Trade	$ 2,105
Contract Asset Percent Change	2.00%
UnbilledReceivables [Member]
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Unbilled Receivables	$ 4,619			2,658
Change in Unbilled Receivables	$ 1,961
Contract Asset Percent Change	74.00%
UnearnedRevenue [Member]
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Deferred Revenue	$ 5,918			$ 5,451
Increase (Decrease) in Deferred Revenue	$ 467
Contract Liability Percent Change	9.00%

Revenue Recognition Textuals (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Remaining Performance Obligation	$ 28.8

Acquisitions (Details) $ in Thousands	Feb. 28, 2017 USD ($)
Business Combinations [Abstract]
Inventories	$ 7,221
Prepaid and other current assets	2,270
Deferred income taxes	14
Property, plant, and equipment	6,501
Intangible assets	3,649
Goodwill	3,574
Total assets acquired	23,229
Other liabilities and accrued items	984
Other long-term liabilities	449
Retirement and post-employment benefits	5,292
Total liabilities assumed	6,725
Total purchase price	$ 16,504

Acquisitions Textual (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
Acquisitions Textual (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Feb. 28, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018
Business Combinations [Abstract]
Total purchase price	$ 16,504
Measurement Adjustments		$ 0

Segment Reporting and Geographic Information (Details 1) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 28, 2018	Jun. 29, 2018	Mar. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 29, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 298,070	$ 297,193	$ 309,085	$ 303,467	$ 308,668	$ 294,268	$ 295,842	$ 240,669	$ 1,207,815	$ 1,139,447	$ 969,236
Operating profit (loss)									61,496	40,031	28,880
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization									35,524	42,751	45,651
Expenditures for long-lived assets									34,260	29,076	37,038
Assets	800,341				791,084				800,341	791,084	741,298
Performance Alloys and Composites
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									500,590
Operating profit (loss)									58,832	21,978	6,601
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization									17,434	23,209	27,059
Expenditures for long-lived assets									15,396	10,427	26,604
Assets	410,239				418,798				410,239	418,798	422,787
Advanced Materials
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									586,643
Operating profit (loss)									17,651	32,763	26,282
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization									8,575	7,354	6,644
Expenditures for long-lived assets									15,523	13,318	4,931
Assets	207,183				202,389				207,183	202,389	133,682
Precision Coatings
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									120,582
Operating profit (loss)									11,468	8,445	11,635
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization									7,066	9,721	9,945
Expenditures for long-lived assets									1,983	3,048	3,176
Assets	90,537				97,504				90,537	97,504	108,788
Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									0
Operating profit (loss)									(26,455)	(23,155)	(15,638)
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization									2,449	2,467	2,003
Expenditures for long-lived assets									1,358	2,283	2,327
Assets	$ 92,382				$ 72,393				92,382	72,393	76,041
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									1,207,815	1,139,447	969,236
Operating Segments \| Performance Alloys and Composites
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									500,590	429,442	387,539
Operating Segments \| Advanced Materials
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									586,643	590,789	437,249
Operating Segments \| Precision Coatings
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									120,582	119,216	144,448
Operating Segments \| Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									0	0	0
Intersegment Eliminations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									50,497	58,170	70,697
Intersegment Eliminations \| Performance Alloys and Composites
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									37	114	240
Intersegment Eliminations \| Advanced Materials
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									50,460	58,056	70,457
Intersegment Eliminations \| Precision Coatings
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									0	0	0
Intersegment Eliminations \| Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Segment Reporting and Geographic Information (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 28, 2018	Jun. 29, 2018	Mar. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 29, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Sales and long-lived assets attributed to countries based upon the location of customers
Net sales	$ 298,070	$ 297,193	$ 309,085	$ 303,467	$ 308,668	$ 294,268	$ 295,842	$ 240,669	$ 1,207,815	$ 1,139,447	$ 969,236
Property, plant, and equipment — net	251,018				255,578				251,018	255,578	252,631
United States
Sales and long-lived assets attributed to countries based upon the location of customers
Net sales									726,881	650,675	639,675
Property, plant, and equipment — net	215,395				227,412				215,395	227,412	240,309
Asia
Sales and long-lived assets attributed to countries based upon the location of customers
Net sales									270,672	265,991	193,739
Europe
Sales and long-lived assets attributed to countries based upon the location of customers
Net sales									186,081	205,118	121,648
All other
Sales and long-lived assets attributed to countries based upon the location of customers
Net sales									24,181	17,663	14,174
Property, plant, and equipment — net	$ 35,623				$ 28,166				$ 35,623	$ 28,166	$ 12,322

Segment Reporting and Geographic Information (Details 3) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 28, 2018	Jun. 29, 2018	Mar. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 29, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 298,070	$ 297,193	$ 309,085	$ 303,467	$ 308,668	$ 294,268	$ 295,842	$ 240,669	$ 1,207,815	$ 1,139,447	$ 969,236
Consumer Electronics
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									449,580
Industrial Components
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									159,773
Energy
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									118,734
Automotive Electronics
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									80,484
Defense
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									80,472
Medical
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									91,101
Telecom Infrastructure
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									67,022
Other End Market
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									160,649
Performance Alloys and Composites
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									500,590
Performance Alloys and Composites \| Consumer Electronics
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									103,339
Performance Alloys and Composites \| Industrial Components
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									101,646
Performance Alloys and Composites \| Energy
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									41,474
Performance Alloys and Composites \| Automotive Electronics
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									78,963
Performance Alloys and Composites \| Defense
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									45,162
Performance Alloys and Composites \| Medical
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									8,349
Performance Alloys and Composites \| Telecom Infrastructure
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									38,526
Performance Alloys and Composites \| Other End Market
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									83,131
Advanced Materials
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									586,643
Advanced Materials \| Consumer Electronics
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									327,355
Advanced Materials \| Industrial Components
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									46,988
Advanced Materials \| Energy
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									77,248
Advanced Materials \| Automotive Electronics
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									0
Advanced Materials \| Defense
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									15,233
Advanced Materials \| Medical
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									17,627
Advanced Materials \| Telecom Infrastructure
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									28,437
Advanced Materials \| Other End Market
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									73,755
Precision Coatings
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									120,582
Precision Coatings \| Consumer Electronics
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									18,886
Precision Coatings \| Industrial Components
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									11,139
Precision Coatings \| Energy
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									12
Precision Coatings \| Automotive Electronics
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									1,521
Precision Coatings \| Defense
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									20,077
Precision Coatings \| Medical
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									65,125
Precision Coatings \| Telecom Infrastructure
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									59
Precision Coatings \| Other End Market
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									3,763
Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									0
Other \| Consumer Electronics
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									0
Other \| Industrial Components
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									0
Other \| Energy
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									0
Other \| Automotive Electronics
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									0
Other \| Defense
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									0
Other \| Medical
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									0
Other \| Telecom Infrastructure
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									0
Other \| Other End Market
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales									$ 0

Segment Reporting and Geographic Information (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Percentage of customers accounted for the company's sale	10.00%	10.00%	10.00%

Other-net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Other-net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Summary of other-net expense
Metal consignment fees	$ 10,999	$ 8,782	$ 6,409
Amortization of Intangible Assets	2,265	4,629	4,498
Foreign currency loss (gain)	1,487	(722)	1,525
Net loss (gain) on disposal of fixed assets	518	234	(648)
Rental Income	(416)	(168)	(21)
Other items	481	1,138	(475)
Total	$ 15,334	$ 13,893	$ 11,288

Restructuring (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Restructuring (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense	$ 5,599	$ 644	$ 2,586
Performance Alloys and Composites
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense	0	(16)	2,586
Advanced Materials
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense	5,599	0	0
Precision Coatings
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense	0	431	0
Other
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense	$ 0	$ 229	$ 0

Restructuring Textual (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Restructuring Textual (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense	$ 5,599	$ 644	$ 2,586
Other
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense	0	229	0
Performance Alloys and Composites
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense	0	(16)	2,586
Advanced Materials
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense	5,599	0	0
Other Current Liabilities
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring Reserve	$ 5,300
Cost of Sales
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense		500
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense		1,300
Other Expense
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring expense		$ 1,100	$ 2,600

Restructuring Textual 2 (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Restructuring Textual 2 (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2016
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Number of Positions Eliminated	23
Advanced Materials
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Number of Positions Eliminated		40
Performance Alloys and Composites
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Property Plant Equipment	$ 1.4
Number of Positions Eliminated			13

Interest (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Interest (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Summary of interest incurred, capitalized and paid
Interest incurred	$ 2,870	$ 2,608	$ 2,219
Less: Capitalized interest	399	425	430
Interest expense - net	2,471	2,183	1,789
Interest paid	$ 1,436	$ 1,646	$ 1,611

Interest (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Interest (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Interest [Abstract]
Amortization of deferred financing costs	$ 1,009	$ 919	$ 666

Income Taxes Textuals 1 (Details)	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes Textuals 1 (Details)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
U.S. Federal statutory rate	21.00%	35.00%	35.00%

Income Taxes Textuals 2 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes Textuals 2 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, Incomplete Accounting, Provisional Income Tax Expense (Benefit)		$ 17.1
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Income Tax expense related to revaluing deferred tax assets and liabilities	$ 2.8	5.0
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, Transition Tax, Income Tax Expense (Credit)	1.2	6.1
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, Provisional Valuation Allowance		9.5
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, Provisional Tax Benefit		$ 3.5
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, Complete Accounting, Change in Tax Rate, Provisional Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	$ (11.1)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, at Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate, Percent	21.00%	35.00%	35.00%
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, Valuation Allowance Reduction	$ 2.4
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, Valuation Allowance Reversal, Tax Benefit	$ 7.1

Income Taxes Table 1 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes Table 1 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income before income taxes:
Domestic	$ 20,272	$ 28,327	$ 13,934
Foreign	(3,930)	8,069	11,381
Income before income taxes	16,342	36,396	25,315
Current income tax expense:
Domestic	(5,896)	1,912	6,505
Foreign	2,710	2,777	2,080
Total current	(3,186)	4,689	8,585
Deferred income tax expense (benefit):
Domestic	(4,083)	19,935	(8,842)
Foreign	2,765	321	(168)
Total deferred	(1,318)	20,256	(9,010)
Total income tax (benefit) expense	$ (4,504)	$ 24,945	$ (425)

Income Taxes Table 2 (Details)	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes Table 2 (Details)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Reconciliation of the federal statutory and effective income tax rate
U.S. Federal statutory rate	21.00%	35.00%	35.00%
State and local income taxes, net of federal tax effect	0.10%	2.30%	(0.40%)
Effect of excess of percentage depletion over cost depletion	(17.80%)	(10.00%)	(10.60%)
Manufacturing production deduction, including impact of NOL carryback	6.30%	(0.80%)	(3.30%)
Foreign Derived Intangible Income Tax Deduction	(2.90%)	0.00%	0.00%
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Impact	(67.80%)	47.10%	0.00%
Foreign Rate Differential	1.50%	(3.40%)	(5.90%)
Research and developmental tax credit	(7.60%)	(2.60%)	(6.60%)
Foreign Tax Credit	(1.90%)	(1.10%)	(28.10%)
Foreign Repatriation	2.00%	1.30%	13.70%
Incremental fixed asset basis	(0.00%)	(3.40%)	(0.00%)
Adjustment to unrecognized tax benefits	2.70%	2.80%	3.20%
Stock Compensation - excess tax benefits	(4.40%)	(1.90%)	(0.00%)
Valuation allowance	38.70%	2.40%	0.10%
Other items	2.50%	0.80%	1.20%
Effective tax rate	(27.60%)	68.50%	(1.70%)

Income Taxes Table 3 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Asset (liability)
Post-employment benefits other than pensions	$ 2,198	$ 2,787
Other reserves	693	1,371
Deferred compensation	3,539	5,054
Environmental reserves	1,463	1,452
Inventory	3,032	4,636
Pensions	8,105	14,307
Accrued compensation expense	6,215	2,852
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards	12,002	6,374
Research and development tax credit carryforward	744	2,466
Foreign tax credit carryforward	2,385	9,481
Subtotal	40,376	50,780
Valuation allowance	(15,917)	(16,246)
Total deferred tax assets	24,459	34,534
Depreciation	(10,280)	(10,250)
Amortization	(3,635)	(2,900)
Mine development	(5,123)	(3,621)
Capitalized interest expense	0	(112)
Derivative instruments and hedging activities	0	(817)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(19,038)	(17,700)
Net deferred tax asset	$ 5,421	$ 16,834

Income Taxes Textuals 3 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating Loss Carryforwards, Valuation Allowance	$ 9,500
Research and development tax credit carryforward	744	$ 2,466
Foreign tax credit carryforward	2,385	$ 9,481
Foreign Country [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards, do not expire	22,700
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards subject to expiration	8,000
Operating Loss Carryforwards Subject To Expiration In Next 12 months	100
State and Local Jurisdiction [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards subject to expiration	21,900
Tax Credit, Amount	$ 3,600

Income Taxes Table 4 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes Table 4 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits
Balance at January 1	$ 2,944	$ 2,048
Additions to tax provisions related to the current year	443	163
Additions to tax positions related to prior years	4	1,210
Reduction to tax positions related to prior years	(508)	(121)
Lapses on statutes of limitations	0	(356)
Balance at December 31	$ 2,883	$ 2,944

Income Taxes Textuals 4 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes Textuals 4 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Amount of unrecognized tax benefits	$ 2,883	$ 2,944	$ 2,048
Effective tax rate if recognized	2,200
Income Taxes Paid	$ 0	$ 8,100	$ 3,000

Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 28, 2018	Jun. 29, 2018	Mar. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 29, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Numerator for basic and diluted EPS:
Net income	$ (20,828)	$ 19,966	$ 11,144	$ 10,564	$ (8,232)	$ 9,320	$ 7,313	$ 3,050	$ 20,846	$ 11,451	$ 25,740
Denominator for basic EPS:
Weighted-average shares outstanding									20,212	20,027	19,983
Effect of dilutive securities:
Diluted potential common shares (in shares)									401	388	230
Denominator for diluted EPS:
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding									20,613	20,415	20,213
Basic EPS (in usd per share)	$ (1.03)	$ 0.99	$ 0.55	$ 0.52	$ (0.41)	$ 0.47	$ 0.37	$ 0.15	$ 1.03	$ 0.57	$ 1.29
Diluted EPS (in usd per share)	$ (1.03)	$ 0.97	$ 0.54	$ 0.51	$ (0.41)	$ 0.46	$ 0.36	$ 0.15	$ 1.01	$ 0.56	$ 1.27
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)
Effect of dilutive securities:
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation (in shares)									170	174	74
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Effect of dilutive securities:
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation (in shares)									85	96	88
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units
Effect of dilutive securities:
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation (in shares)									146	118	68

Earnings Per Share (Details 1) - shares	12 Months Ended
Earnings Per Share (Details 1) - shares	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Equity awards excluded from diluted EPS calculation	65,112	124,319	818,268

Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Jan. 01, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Raw materials and supplies	$ 33,182		$ 42,958
Work in process	195,879		187,719
Finished goods	30,643		34,418
Subtotal	259,704		265,095
Less: LIFO reserve balance	44,833		44,743
Inventories	$ 214,871	$ 218,293	$ 220,352

Inventories (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Inventories (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Inventory [Line Items]
Reduction in cost of sales by the liquidation of LIFO inventory layers	$ 1.2	$ (0.8)	$ (4.1)
Notional Amount of Nonderivative Instruments	$ 316.1	$ 320.0

Property, Plant, and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Depreciation	$ 33,300	$ 38,100	$ 41,200
Summary of Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant, and equipment	898,251	891,789
Less allowances for depreciation, depletion, and amortization	(647,233)	(636,211)
Property, plant, and equipment — net	251,018	255,578	$ 252,631
Land
Summary of Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant, and equipment	4,874	4,874
Buildings
Summary of Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant, and equipment	149,701	137,196
Machinery and equipment
Summary of Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant, and equipment	631,421	626,186
Software
Summary of Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant, and equipment	42,678	40,575
Construction in progress
Summary of Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant, and equipment	14,468	29,963
Land Building Machinery and Equipment
Summary of Property, plant and equipment
Less allowances for depreciation, depletion, and amortization	(642,365)	(615,134)
Property, plant, and equipment — net	200,777	223,660
Capital leases
Summary of Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant, and equipment	22,150	10,912
Less allowances for depreciation, depletion, and amortization	(2,412)	(2,741)
Property, plant, and equipment — net	19,738	8,171
Mineral resources
Summary of Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant, and equipment	4,980	4,979
Mine development
Summary of Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant, and equipment	27,979	37,103
Productive land
Summary of Property, plant and equipment
Less allowances for depreciation, depletion, and amortization	(2,456)	(18,335)
Property, plant, and equipment — net	$ 30,503	$ 23,747

Property, Plant, and Equipment Textuals (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Reimbursement of costs	$ 63.5
Unearned Income	(4.3)	$ (4.5)
Depreciation and depletion expense	33.3	38.1	$ 41.2
Net book value of capitalized software	8.0	8.3
Software amortization	$ 2.6	$ 2.4	$ 2.4

Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Details 1) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Summary of cost, accumulated amortization and net book value of intangible assets
Cost	$ 57,235	$ 58,737
Accumulated amortization	(52,040)	(51,116)
Customer relationships
Summary of cost, accumulated amortization and net book value of intangible assets
Cost	39,601	40,751
Accumulated amortization	(37,077)	(36,949)
Technology
Summary of cost, accumulated amortization and net book value of intangible assets
Cost	13,377	13,467
Accumulated amortization	(12,238)	(11,495)
Licenses and other
Summary of cost, accumulated amortization and net book value of intangible assets
Cost	4,257	4,519
Accumulated amortization	$ (2,725)	$ (2,672)

Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Amortization of Intangible Assets	$ 2,265	$ 4,629	$ 4,498
2019	1,366
2020	603
2021	485
2022	485
2023	$ 485

Intangible Assets and Goodwill Goodwill Table (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 90,657	$ 90,677
Performance Alloys and Composites
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	1,899	1,899
Advanced Materials
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	50,276	50,296
Precision Coatings
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 38,482	$ 38,482

Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 90,657	$ 90,677
Acquisition Costs		16,500
Goodwill		3,600
Goodwill, Impairment Loss	0	0	$ 0
Deferred finance cost	152	214
Customer Relationships [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Finite-lived Intangible Assets Acquired		$ 2,300
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life		15 years
Technology-Based Intangible Assets [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Finite-lived Intangible Assets Acquired		$ 1,400
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life		3 years
Deferred Financing Costs [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Deferred finance cost	$ 1,300	$ 2,200

Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Summary of long-term debt
Fixed rate industrial development revenue bonds payable in annual installments through 2021	$ 3,041	$ 3,818
Total outstanding	3,041	3,818
Current portion of long-term debt	(823)	(777)
Gross long-term debt	2,218	3,041
Unamortized deferred financing fees	(152)	(214)
Long-term debt	$ 2,066	$ 2,827

Debt (Details 1) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Maturities on long-term debt instruments
2019	$ 823
2020	868
2021	1,350
2022	0
2023	0
Thereafter	0
Total outstanding	$ 3,041	$ 3,818

Debt (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Debt (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 375.0
Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity	275.5
Additional term loan
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	300.0
Letter of Credit
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Letters of Credit Outstanding, Amount	$ 27.2	$ 27.3
Revolving Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Variable commitment fee	0.20%
Short-term Debt [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity	$ 355.4

Debt (Details Textual 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 8,000
Interest rate on bonds	4.90%
Unamortized balance of bonds	$ 3,041	$ 3,818

Leasing Arrangements (Details Text) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Leasing Arrangements (Details Text) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Leases [Abstract]
Capital Lease Obligations	$ 12.0
Operating Lease Term Maximum	25 years
Operating lease expense	$ 11.6	$ 9.3	$ 8.6

Leasing Arrangements (Details 2) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Capital Leases
2019	$ 2,172
2020	2,172
2021	2,172
2022	2,172
2023	1,463
2024 and thereafter	21,056
Total minimum lease payments	31,207
Amounts representing interest	19,338
Present value of net minimum lease payments	11,869
Operating Leases
2019	7,287
2020	6,525
2021	4,966
2022	3,790
2023	3,532
2024 and thereafter	4,287
Total minimum lease payments	$ 30,387

Reconciliation of the benefit obligations and plan assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Plan Assets Beginning of the Year	$ 234,976
Plan Assets End of the Year	145,046	$ 234,976
Pension Benefits
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Benefit Obligation Beginning of the Year	313,728	276,801
Service cost	6,953	7,587	$ 7,473
Interest cost	9,554	9,949	10,820
Payment for Settlement	(112,644)	0
Acquisition	0	7,645
Plan Amendment	0	3,804
Actuarial Gain (Loss)	(31,824)	18,549
Benefits Paid	(13,700)	(13,459)
Other Changes	(1,931)	2,852
Benefit Obligation End of the Year	170,136	313,728	276,801
Plan Assets Beginning of the Year	234,976	199,992
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Payment for Settlement	(111,542)	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Business Combination	0	2,353
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Increase (Decrease) for Actual Return (Loss)	(8,570)	29,428
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Contributions by Employer	42,227	16,338
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Contributions by Plan Participant	146	162
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Benefits Paid	(10,826)	(13,072)
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Administration Expense	(890)	(1,133)
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)	(475)	908
Plan Assets End of the Year	145,046	234,976	199,992
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan	(25,090)	(78,752)
Other Assets	1,948	1,797
Other liabilities and accrued items	411	2,490
Retirement and post-employment benefits	26,627	78,059
Other Benefits
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Benefit Obligation Beginning of the Year	14,166	14,334
Service cost	111	91	105
Interest cost	396	398	562
Payment for Settlement	0	0
Acquisition	0	0
Plan Amendment	0	0
Actuarial Gain (Loss)	(2,453)	444
Benefits Paid	(876)	(1,107)
Other Changes	31	6
Benefit Obligation End of the Year	11,375	14,166	14,334
Plan Assets Beginning of the Year	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Payment for Settlement	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Business Combination	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Increase (Decrease) for Actual Return (Loss)	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Contributions by Employer	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Contributions by Plan Participant	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Benefits Paid	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Administration Expense	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)	0	0
Plan Assets End of the Year	0	0	$ 0
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan	(11,375)	(14,166)
Other Assets	0	0
Other liabilities and accrued items	1,258	1,412
Retirement and post-employment benefits	$ 10,117	$ 12,754

Accumulated other comprehensive loss and amounts expected to be recognized in 2019 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Pension Benefits
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Net actuarial loss (gain)	$ 61,599	$ 119,114
Net prior service cost (credit)	3,810	3,688
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax	65,409	122,802
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Amortization, Next Fiscal Year	4,251	7,954
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit), Next Fiscal Year	482	(123)
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Amortization of Gain (Loss), Next Fiscal Year	3,769	8,077
Other Benefits
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Net actuarial loss (gain)	(2,429)	24
Net prior service cost (credit)	(6,546)	(8,044)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax	(8,975)	(8,020)
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Amortization, Next Fiscal Year	(1,497)	(1,497)
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit), Next Fiscal Year	(1,497)	(1,497)
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Amortization of Gain (Loss), Next Fiscal Year	$ 0	$ 0

Accumulated benefit obligation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Other Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Accumulated Benefit Obligation	$ 161,169	$ 302,942
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Projected Benefit Obligation	165,344	304,814
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	138,305	227,115
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Accumulated Benefit Obligation	156,639	296,878
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	138,305	227,115
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Accumulated Benefit Obligation	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Projected Benefit Obligation	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Accumulated Benefit Obligation	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	$ 0	$ 0

Components of net benefit costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension settlement charges	$ 41,406	$ 0	$ 120
Other Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Service Cost	6,953	7,587	7,473
Defined Benefit Plan, Interest Cost	9,554	9,949	10,820
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Return (Loss) on Plan Assets	(14,231)	(13,760)	(13,654)
Defined Benefit Plan, Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit)	(123)	(274)	(460)
Defined Benefit Plan Recognized Actuarial Net Gains Losses	7,171	6,636	6,005
DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostBeforeSettlements	9,324	10,138	10,184
Pension settlement charges	41,406	0	120
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit)	50,730	10,138	10,304
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Service Cost	111	91	105
Defined Benefit Plan, Interest Cost	396	398	562
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Return (Loss) on Plan Assets	0	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit)	(1,497)	(1,497)	(1,497)
Defined Benefit Plan Recognized Actuarial Net Gains Losses	0	0	0
DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostBeforeSettlements	(990)	(1,008)	(830)
Pension settlement charges	0	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit)	$ (990)	$ (1,008)	$ (830)

Pensions and Other Post-Employment Benefits amounts recognized in aocl (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Other Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, after Tax	$ 65,409	$ 122,802	$ 121,329	$ 112,518
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, Prior Service Cost (Credit), Reclassification Adjustment from AOCI, before Tax	123	274	460
Other Comprehensive Income Defined Benefit Plans Recognized Net Actuarial Gains Losses Arising During Period Before Tax	(7,171)	(6,636)	(6,005)
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, Prior Service Cost (Credit), before Tax	0	3,804	0
Other Comprehensive Income Defined Benefit Plans Net Actuarial Gain Loss Arising During Period Before Tax	(8,997)	4,055	14,279
Other Comprehensive Income Defined Benefit Plans Other Adjustments	(41,406)	0	120
Other Comprehensive Income Defined Benefit Plans Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Changes Benefit Obligation	58	(24)	(43)
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, after Tax	(8,976)	(8,020)	(9,961)	$ (11,267)
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, Prior Service Cost (Credit), Reclassification Adjustment from AOCI, before Tax	1,497	1,497	1,497
Other Comprehensive Income Defined Benefit Plans Recognized Net Actuarial Gains Losses Arising During Period Before Tax	0	0	0
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, Prior Service Cost (Credit), before Tax	0	0	0
Other Comprehensive Income Defined Benefit Plans Net Actuarial Gain Loss Arising During Period Before Tax	(2,453)	444	(191)
Other Comprehensive Income Defined Benefit Plans Other Adjustments	0	0	0
Other Comprehensive Income Defined Benefit Plans Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Changes Benefit Obligation	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Pensions and Other Post-Employment Benefits Weighted average assumptions (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Rate of Compensation Increase	4.00%	4.00%
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Discount Rate	4.11%	3.43%	3.68%
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Rate of Compensation Increase	4.00%	4.00%	4.00%
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Discount Rate	3.43%	3.68%	3.88%
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Rate of Compensation Increase	4.00%	4.00%	4.00%
Other Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Discount Rate	4.07%	3.53%	4.02%
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Rate of Compensation Increase	3.87%	3.93%	4.04%
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Discount Rate	3.63%	3.93%	4.22%
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Expected Long-term Rate of Return on Plan Assets	6.63%	6.89%	6.90%
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Rate of Compensation Increase	3.98%	3.91%	3.93%

Pensions and Other Post-Employment Benefits Healthcare Trends (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Increase on Service and Interest Cost Components	$ 6	$ 8
Defined Benefit Plan, Health Care Cost Trend Rate Assumed, Next Fiscal Year	6.50%	6.75%
Defined Benefit Plan, Ultimate Health Care Cost Trend Rate	5.00%	5.00%
Defined Benefit Plan, Year Health Care Cost Trend Rate Reaches Ultimate Trend Rate	2025	2025
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Decrease on Service and Interest Cost Components	$ 6	$ 8
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Increase on Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation	163	212
Defined Benefit Plan, Effect of One Percentage Point Decrease on Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation	$ 152	$ 198

Pensions and Other Post-Employment Benefits Plan assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	$ 145,046	$ 234,976
DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueofPlanAssetsExcludingNetAssetValueInvestments	94,211	178,803
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueofPlanAssetsExcludingNetAssetValueInvestments	94,211	161,795
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueofPlanAssetsExcludingNetAssetValueInvestments	0	17,008
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueofPlanAssetsExcludingNetAssetValueInvestments	0	0
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	21,881	10,604
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	21,881	10,604
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Equity securities
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	50,862	109,229
Equity securities \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	50,862	104,261
Equity securities \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	4,968
Equity securities \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Fixed Income Securities [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	18,211	42,291
Fixed Income Securities [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	18,211	30,639
Fixed Income Securities [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	11,652
Fixed Income Securities [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Real Estate [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	3,257	6,617
Real Estate [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	3,257	6,284
Real Estate [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	333
Real Estate [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Alternative Strategies [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	9,948
Alternative Strategies [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	9,893
Alternative Strategies [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	55
Alternative Strategies [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Hedge Funds, Multi-strategy [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	4,113	3,970
accrued interest and dividends [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	114
accrued interest and dividends [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	114
accrued interest and dividends [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
accrued interest and dividends [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Pooled Investment Fund [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	24,947	21,378
common/collective trusts [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	8,942
Intermediate term Bonds at NAV [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	21,678	21,771
Private Equity Funds [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	$ 97	$ 112

Pensions and Other Post-Employment Benefits cash flow (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Domestic Defined Benefit Plan Estimated Future Employer Contributions In Next Fiscal Year	$ 6,000,000
Other Defined Benefit Plan Estimated Future Employer Contributions In Next Fiscal Year	1,300,000
Maximum
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
DefinedBenefitPlanLumpSumProgramPayments	100,000
Net of Medicare Subsidy [Domain]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Next Twelve Months	1,241,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Two	1,352,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Three	1,321,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Four	1,192,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Five	1,182,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Five Fiscal Years Thereafter	4,125,000
Pension Plan
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Next Twelve Months	3,203,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Two	3,619,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Three	4,457,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Four	6,051,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Five	6,293,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Five Fiscal Years Thereafter	44,444,000
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Next Twelve Months	1,258,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Two	1,367,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Three	1,334,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Four	1,203,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Five	1,192,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Five Fiscal Years Thereafter	$ 4,155,000

Pensions and Other Post-Employment Benefits (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) Employee	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Pension and other post-retirement benefits (Textual) [Abstract]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Rate of Compensation Increase	4.00%	4.00%
Mutual fund that typically invests at least of its assets in equity and debt securities	80.00%
Target funded status percentage	100.00%
Current asset allocation to invest in alternative securities, maximum	20.00%
Domestic defined benefit pension plan	$ 6,000,000
Other defined benefit plan estimated future employer contributions in next fiscal year	1,300,000
Liability for other post-employment arrangements	38,853,000	$ 93,225,000
Company's annual contributions	5,200,000	4,500,000	$ 3,600,000
Other Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Payment for Settlement	111,542,000	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Accumulated Benefit Obligation	$ 161,169,000	$ 302,942,000
Pension and other post-retirement benefits (Textual) [Abstract]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Rate of Compensation Increase	3.87%	3.93%	4.04%
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Projected Benefit Obligation	$ 165,344,000	$ 304,814,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	138,305,000	227,115,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Accumulated Benefit Obligation	156,639,000	296,878,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	$ 138,305,000	227,115,000
DefinedBenefitPlanNumberofRetirees \| Employee	1,150
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Payment for Settlement	$ 0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Accumulated Benefit Obligation	$ 0	$ 0
Pension and other post-retirement benefits (Textual) [Abstract]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Benefit Obligation, Rate of Compensation Increase	4.00%	4.00%	4.00%
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Projected Benefit Obligation	$ 0	$ 0
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Accumulated Benefit Obligation	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	0	0
Foreign Plan [Member]
Pension and other post-retirement benefits (Textual) [Abstract]
Liability for other post-employment arrangements	1,600,000	2,100,000
Maximum
Pension and other post-retirement benefits (Textual) [Abstract]
Lump sum program payments	$ 100,000
Equity securities \| Minimum
Pension and other post-retirement benefits (Textual) [Abstract]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage	20.00%
Equity securities \| Maximum
Pension and other post-retirement benefits (Textual) [Abstract]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage	50.00%
Fixed Income Funds \| Minimum
Pension and other post-retirement benefits (Textual) [Abstract]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage	30.00%
Fixed Income Funds \| Maximum
Pension and other post-retirement benefits (Textual) [Abstract]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage	70.00%
Change in Accounting Method Accounted for as Change in Estimate [Member]
Pension and other post-retirement benefits (Textual) [Abstract]
DefinedBenefitPensionPlanChangeInEstimateOnServiceandInterestCost		$ 1,000,000.00

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Current year activity:
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$ (58,234)	$ (102,937)	$ (86,181)	$ (80,705)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	10,477	(8,370)	(14,714)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	46,854	5,705	4,832
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	57,331	(2,665)	(9,882)
Deferred taxes on current period activity	12,628	14,091	(4,406)
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	44,703	(16,756)	(5,476)
Gains and Losses On Cash Flow Hedges
Current year activity:
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	901	763	1,837	1,579
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(435)	(1,643)	(377)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	(99)	840	784
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	(534)	(803)	407
Deferred taxes on current period activity	(672)	271	149
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	138	(1,074)	258
Pension and Post- Employment Benefits
Current year activity:
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(54,543)	(99,592)	(82,358)	(76,796)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	11,396	(8,279)	(14,165)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	46,953	4,865	4,048
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	58,349	(3,414)	(10,117)
Deferred taxes on current period activity	13,300	13,820	(4,555)
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	45,049	(17,234)	(5,562)
Foreign Currency Translation
Current year activity:
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(4,592)	(4,108)	(5,660)	(5,488)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(484)	1,552	(172)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	(484)	1,552	(172)
Deferred taxes on current period activity	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	(484)	1,552	(172)
Foreign Currency \| Gains and Losses On Cash Flow Hedges
Current year activity:
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	1,263	959	1,837	1,579
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(333)	(1,180)	(377)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	10	632	784
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	(323)	(548)	407
Deferred taxes on current period activity	(627)	330	149
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	304	(878)	258
Precious Metals \| Gains and Losses On Cash Flow Hedges
Current year activity:
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	79	(196)	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	467	(463)	0
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	(109)	208	0
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	358	(255)	0
Deferred taxes on current period activity	83	(59)	0
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	275	(196)	0
Copper Swap [Member] \| Gains and Losses On Cash Flow Hedges
Current year activity:
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(441)	0	0	$ 0
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(569)	0	0
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	(569)	0	0
Deferred taxes on current period activity	(128)	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss) after tax	$ (441)	$ 0	$ 0

Stock-Based Compensation Details 1 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based Compensation Expense	$ 11,400	$ 7,700	$ 6,700
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	(4,504)	24,945	(425)
Equity securities
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	$ (1,200)	$ (2,000)	$ 100

Stock-based Compensation Details 2 (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based Compensation Expense	$ 11.4	$ 7.7	$ 6.7
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unearned Compensation	$ 1.0
Expected recognition period	22 months
Vested in period	$ 1.9	$ 1.7	$ 1.7
Granted (in dollars per share)	$ 15.73	$ 10.89	$ 8.07
Vesting period	3 years
Stock-based Compensation Expense	$ 0.7	$ 1.4	$ 0.9
Granted Prior To Two Thousand Eleven [Member] \| Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expiration period	10 years
Granted in Two Thousand Eleven and Later [Member] \| Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expiration period	7 years

Stock-based Compensation Details 3 (Details) - Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Number of SARs
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 \| shares	616
Granted \| shares	65
Exercised \| shares	(277)
Forfeited \| shares	(25)
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 \| shares	379
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2018 \| shares	379
Exercisable at December 31, 2018 \| shares	60
Weighted- average Exercise Price Per Share
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 30.97
Granted (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	50.35
Exercised (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	33.03
Cancelled (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	27.58
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	33.01
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2018 (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	33.01
Exercisable at December 31, 2018 (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 34.10
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 \| $	$ 4,894
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2018 \| $	4,894
Exercisable at December 31, 2018 \| $	$ 659
Weighted- average Remaining Term (Years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	4 years 6 months
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2018	4 years 6 months
Exercisable at December 31, 2018	3 years

Stock-based Compensation Details 4 (Details) - Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) - $ / shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Number of Shares
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	426
Granted	65
Vested	(147)
Forfeited	(25)
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	319	426
Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 (in dollars per share)	$ 10.54
Granted (in dollars per share)	15.73	$ 10.89	$ 8.07
Vested (in dollars per share)	13.11
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	8.73
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 (in dollars per share)	$ 10.33	$ 10.54

Stock-based Compensation Details 5 (Details)	12 Months Ended
Stock-based Compensation Details 5 (Details)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Risk-free interest rate	2.58%	1.92%	1.25%
Dividend yield	0.80%	1.10%	1.40%
Volatility	31.90%	34.00%	38.00%
Expected lives (in years)	5 years 6 months	5 years 7 months	5 years 8 months

Stock-based Compensation Details 6 (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based Compensation Expense	$ 11.4	$ 7.7	$ 6.7
Stock Incentive Plan [Domain] \| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period	3 years
Granted (in dollars per share)	$ 50.35	$ 35.24	$ 25.19
Stock-based Compensation Expense	$ 1.2	$ 1.4	$ 0.6
Unearned Compensation	$ 2.5
Expected amortization weighted average period	24 months
Vested in period	$ 1.4	$ 1.2	$ 1.2

Stock-based Compensation Details 7 (Details) - Stock Incentive Plan [Domain] - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) - $ / shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Number of Shares
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	119
Granted	59
Vested	(38)
Forfeited	(10)
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	130	119
Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 (in dollars per share)	$ 32.16
Granted (in dollars per share)	50.35	$ 35.24	$ 25.19
Vested (in dollars per share)	36.69
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	34.07
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 (in dollars per share)	$ 38.99	$ 32.16

Stock-based compensation Details 8 (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based Compensation Expense	$ 11.4	$ 7.7	$ 6.7
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) \| Director Equity Plan [Domain]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted	15	19	26
Vesting period	1 year
Granted (in dollars per share)	$ 51.60	$ 34.30	$ 27.20
Stock-based Compensation Expense	$ 0.7	$ 0.7	$ 0.7
Unearned Compensation	$ 0.3

Stock-based Compensation Details 9 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based Compensation Expense	$ 11.4	$ 7.7	$ 6.7
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period	3 years
Stock-based Compensation Expense	$ 2.7	$ 1.5	$ 1.0
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units \| Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
PercentageOfUnitsEarnedOfUnitsGranted	0.00%
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
PercentageOfUnitsEarnedOfUnitsGranted	200.00%
Executive Officer [Member] \| Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
PercentageOfUnitsEarnedOfUnitsGranted	100.00%

Stock-based Compensation 10 (Details) - Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018 $ / shares shares
Number of Shares
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 \| shares	223
Granted \| shares	55
Vested \| shares	(75)
Forfeited \| shares	(1)
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 \| shares	202
Weighted-average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 28.49
Granted (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	62.44
Vested (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	33.31
Forfeited (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	62.44
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 35.76

Stock-based Compensation 11 (Details) - Deferred Directors Compensation Plan Member - $ / shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Number of Shares
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	164
Granted	12
Distributed	24
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	152	164
Weighted-average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 (in dollars per share)	$ 23.55	$ 25.96
Granted (in dollars per share)	53.11	$ 35.34	$ 24.46
Distributed (in dollars per share)	$ 54.71

Fair Value Information and Derivative Financial Instruments (Details 1) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	$ 2,639	$ 2,578
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	3,292	2,780
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Copper Swap [Member]
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	569
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Deferred Compensation, Excluding Share-based Payments and Retirement Benefits [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	2,156	2,310
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	2,156	2,310
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Forward Contracts [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	246	254
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	432	201
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Swap [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	237	14
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	135	269
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Deferred Compensation, Excluding Share-based Payments and Retirement Benefits [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Forward Contracts [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Swap [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Copper Swap [Member]
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	483	268
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	1,136	470
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] \| Deferred Compensation, Excluding Share-based Payments and Retirement Benefits [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] \| Forward Contracts [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	246	254
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	432	201
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] \| Swap [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	237	14
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	135	269
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] \| Copper Swap [Member]
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	569
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	2,156	2,310
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	2,156	2,310
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] \| Deferred Compensation, Excluding Share-based Payments and Retirement Benefits [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	2,156	2,310
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	2,156	2,310
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] \| Forward Contracts [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] \| Swap [Member]
Financial Assets
Assets Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] \| Copper Swap [Member]
Financial Liabilities
Liabilities Fair Value Disclosure	0
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Foreign currency forward contracts - euro
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	17,538	13,981
Derivative, Fair Value, Net	5	127
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Foreign currency forward contracts - euro \| Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member] \| Foreign Exchange Forward [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount	8,767	13,981
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	244	127
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Foreign currency forward contracts - euro \| Accrued Liabilities [Member] \| Foreign Exchange Forward [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount	8,771	0
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	$ 249	$ 0

Fair Value Information and Derivative Financial Instruments (Details 2) - Foreign currency forward contracts - euro - Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	$ 17,538	$ 13,981
Derivative, Fair Value, Net	5	127
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member] \| Foreign Exchange Forward [Member]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount	8,767	13,981
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	244	127
Accrued Liabilities [Member] \| Foreign Exchange Forward [Member]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount	8,771	0
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	$ 249	$ 0

Fair Value Information and Derivative Financial Instruments (Details 3) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	$ 39,714	$ 36,018
Derivative, Fair Value, Net	648	329
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Other liabilities and accrued items
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount	34,456	23,650
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	887	456
Foreign Exchange Forward [Member] \| Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount	5,258	10,699
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	239	127
Foreign Exchange Forward [Member] \| Foreign currency forward contracts - yen \| Other liabilities and accrued items
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount	1,264	0
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	17	0
Foreign Exchange Forward [Member] \| Foreign currency forward contracts - yen \| Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount	0	5,673
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	0	91
Foreign Exchange Forward [Member] \| Foreign currency forward contracts - euro \| Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount	725	5,026
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	2	36
Foreign Exchange Forward [Member] \| Foreign currency forward contracts - euro \| Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Other liabilities and accrued items
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount	19,158	13,583
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	166	201
Swap [Member] \| Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount	4,533	0
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	237	0
Swap [Member] \| Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Other Assets
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount	0	880
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	0	14
Swap [Member] \| Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Other liabilities and accrued items
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount	2,864	10,067
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	135	255
Swap [Member] \| Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount	0	789
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	0	14
Copper Swap [Member] \| Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Other liabilities and accrued items
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount	11,170	0
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	$ 569	$ 0

Fair Value Information and Derivative Financial Instruments (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Gain (Loss) on Foreign Currency Derivatives Recorded in Earnings, Net	$ 900	$ 1,100
Total derivative ineffectiveness expense	0	0	$ 0
Total fair value of derivative contracts in AOCI	(600)	$ (300)
Derivative, Loss on Derivative	$ (700)

Contingencies and Commitments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Undiscounted reserve
Reserve balance at beginning of year	$ 6,499	$ 6,041
Expensed	718	1,006
Paid	(696)	(548)
Reserve balance at end of year	6,521	6,499
Ending balance recorded in:
Other liabilities and accrued items	1,168	987
Other long-term liabilities	$ 5,353	$ 5,512

Contingencies and Commitments (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Asset Retirement Obligation, Roll Forward Analysis
Asset retirement obligation at beginning of period	$ 1,167	$ 1,084
Accretion expense	89	83
Change in liability	0	0
Asset retirement obligation at end of period	$ 1,256	$ 1,167

Contingencies and Commitments (Details Textual) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) claim	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($) claim
Contingencies And Commitments (Textual) [Abstract]
Number of CBD cases pending \| claim	1	1
Letter of Credit
Contingencies And Commitments (Textual) [Abstract]
Outstanding letters of credit \| $	$ 27.2	$ 27.3

Quarterly Data (Unaudited) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 28, 2018	Jun. 29, 2018	Mar. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 29, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Net sales	$ 298,070	$ 297,193	$ 309,085	$ 303,467	$ 308,668	$ 294,268	$ 295,842	$ 240,669	$ 1,207,815	$ 1,139,447	$ 969,236
Summary of selected quarterly financial data
Gross margin	$ 66,052	$ 64,935	$ 61,838	$ 58,280	$ 58,985	$ 55,793	$ 54,895	$ 43,156	$ 251,105	$ 212,829	184,528
Percent of net sales	22.20%	21.80%	20.00%	19.20%	19.10%	19.00%	18.60%	17.90%	20.80%	18.70%
Net income	$ (20,828)	$ 19,966	$ 11,144	$ 10,564	$ (8,232)	$ 9,320	$ 7,313	$ 3,050	$ 20,846	$ 11,451	$ 25,740
Net income per share of common stock:
Basic EPS (in usd per share)	$ (1.03)	$ 0.99	$ 0.55	$ 0.52	$ (0.41)	$ 0.47	$ 0.37	$ 0.15	$ 1.03	$ 0.57	$ 1.29
Diluted EPS (in usd per share)	$ (1.03)	$ 0.97	$ 0.54	$ 0.51	$ (0.41)	$ 0.46	$ 0.36	$ 0.15	$ 1.01	$ 0.56	$ 1.27

- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 220
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=114873790&loc=SL114874131-224263

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 7
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109260490&loc=d3e1337-109256

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 55
-Paragraph 52
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109256448&loc=d3e4984-109258

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=115205541&loc=SL114868664-224227

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
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- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.

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The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References + Details

Quarterly Data (Unaudited) (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Pension settlement charges	$ 41,406	$ 0	$ 120
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, Incomplete Accounting, Provisional Income Tax Expense (Benefit)		$ 17,100
TCJA Tax Benefit	$ (11,100)

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable
Deducted from asset accounts:
Balance at Beginning of Period	$ 640	$ 857	$ 1,197
Charged to Costs and Expenses	271	84	(34)
Charged to Other Accounts	0	0	0
Deduction	295	301	306
Balance at End of Period	616	640	857
Inventory reserves and obsolescence
Deducted from asset accounts:
Balance at Beginning of Period	13,176	14,407	7,869
Charged to Costs and Expenses	3,341	3,521	10,564
Charged to Other Accounts	0	0	0
Deduction	4,491	4,752	4,026
Balance at End of Period	$ 12,026	$ 13,176	$ 14,407