TELEPHONE & DATA SYSTEMS INC /DE/, 10-K filed on 2/21/2025
Annual Report
v3.25.0.1
Document and Entity Information - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Jan. 31, 2025
Jun. 28, 2024
Document Type 10-K    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2024    
Document Transition Report false    
Entity File Number 001-14157    
Entity Registrant Name TELEPHONE AND DATA SYSTEMS, INC.    
Entity Central Index Key 0001051512    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2024    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
Amendment Flag false    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE    
Entity Tax Identification Number 36-2669023    
Entity Address, Address Line One 30 North LaSalle Street, Suite 4000    
Entity Address, City or Town Chicago    
Entity Address, State or Province IL    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 60602    
City Area Code (312)    
Local Phone Number 630-1900    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer    
Entity Small Business false    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true    
Financial Statement Error Correction false    
Entity Shell Company false    
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Those sections or portions of the registrant’s Notice of Annual Meeting of Shareholders and Proxy Statement (Proxy Statement) to be filed prior to April 30, 2025, for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held May 22, 2025, are herein incorporated by reference into Parts II and III of this report.
    
Common Shares      
Title of 12(b) Security Common Shares, $.01 par value    
Trading Symbol TDS    
Security Exchange Name NYSE    
Share Price     $ 20.73
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   107,000,000  
Entity Public Float     $ 2,000
Depository Shares each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of 6.625% Series UU Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock $.01 par value      
Title of 12(b) Security Depository Shares each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of 6.625% Series UU Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock $.01 par value    
Trading Symbol TDSPrU    
Security Exchange Name NYSE    
Depository Shares each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of 6.000% Series VV Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock $.01 par value      
Title of 12(b) Security Depository Shares each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of 6.000% Series VV Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock $.01 par value    
Trading Symbol TDSPrV    
Security Exchange Name NYSE    
Series A Common Shares      
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   7,000,000  
Series A Common Shares | Maximum      
Entity Public Float     $ 1
v3.25.0.1
Audit Information
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Audit Information [Abstract]  
Auditor Firm ID 238
Auditor Name PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Auditor Location Chicago, Illinois
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statement Of Operations - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Operating revenues      
Total operating revenues $ 4,964 $ 5,160 $ 5,413
Operating expenses      
Selling, general and administrative 1,721 1,753 1,768
Depreciation, amortization and accretion 943 915 929
Loss on impairment of intangible assets 137 547 3
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net 30 27 27
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net (68) 0 (1)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net 3 (2) 0
Total operating expenses 4,901 5,574 5,291
Operating income (loss) 63 (414) 122
Investment and other income (expense)      
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities 164 159 159
Interest and dividend income 27 20 17
Interest expense (279) (244) (174)
Other, net 5 2 1
Total investment and other income (expense) (83) (63) 3
Income (loss) before income taxes (20) (477) 125
Income tax expense 6 10 53
Net income (loss) (26) (487) 72
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax 2 13 10
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS shareholders (28) (500) 62
TDS Preferred Share dividends 69 69 69
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS common shareholders $ (97) $ (569) $ (7)
Basic weighted average shares outstanding (in shares) 114 113 114
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders $ (0.85) $ (5.05) $ (0.07)
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in shares) 114 113 114
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders $ (0.85) $ (5.06) $ (0.07)
Service      
Operating revenues      
Total operating revenues $ 4,110 $ 4,169 $ 4,240
Operating expenses      
Cost of goods and services sold 1,174 1,240 1,245
Equipment and product sales      
Operating revenues      
Total operating revenues 854 991 1,173
Operating expenses      
Cost of goods and services sold $ 961 $ 1,094 $ 1,320
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statement Of Comprehensive Income - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]      
Net income (loss) $ (26) $ (487) $ 72
Change related to retirement plan      
Net actuarial gains (losses) 10 8 (4)
Amortization of prior service cost and unrecognized net gain (1) 0 4
Amounts included in net periodic benefit cost for the period 9 8 0
Change in deferred income taxes (2) (2) 0
Change related to retirement plan, net of tax 7 6 0
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive income 7 6 0
Comprehensive income (loss) (19) (481) 72
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax 2 13 10
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to TDS shareholders $ (21) $ (494) $ 62
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statement Of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities      
Net income (loss) $ (26) $ (487) $ 72
Add (deduct) adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows from operating activities      
Depreciation, amortization and accretion 943 915 929
Bad debts expense 106 111 138
Stock-based compensation expense 71 41 42
Deferred income taxes, net 3 8 47
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities (164) (159) (159)
Distributions from unconsolidated entities 169 150 145
Loss on impairment of intangible assets 137 547 3
(Gain) loss on asset disposals, net 30 27 27
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net (68) 0 (1)
(Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net 3 (2) 0
Other operating activities 9 8 10
Changes in assets and liabilities from operations      
Accounts receivable (10) 2 (69)
Equipment installment plans receivable (37) (20) (199)
Inventory 20 61 (90)
Accounts payable (40) (99) 32
Customer deposits and deferred revenues 9 (8) 48
Accrued taxes (4) 50 127
Other assets and liabilities (6) (3) 53
Net cash provided by operating activities 1,145 1,142 1,155
Cash flows from investing activities      
Cash paid for additions to property, plant and equipment (884) (1,211) (1,161)
Cash paid for licenses and other intangible assets (20) (130) (614)
Cash received from divestitures 147 1 8
Other investing activities 3 13 (16)
Net cash used in investing activities (754) (1,327) (1,783)
Cash flows from financing activities      
Issuance of long-term debt 440 1,081 1,154
Repayment of long-term debt (456) (723) (332)
Issuance of short-term debt 0 0 110
Repayment of short-term debt 0 (60) (50)
TDS Common Shares reissued for stock-based compensation awards, net of tax payments (2) (3) (4)
UScellular Common Shares reissued for stock-based compensation awards, net of tax payments (11) (6) (5)
Repurchase of TDS Common Shares 0 (6) (40)
Repurchase of UScellular Common Shares (54) 0 (43)
Dividends paid to TDS shareholders (104) (153) (151)
Payment of debt and equity issuance costs (16) (5) (2)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests (5) (3) (3)
Cash paid for software license agreements (67) (66) (23)
Other financing activities (2) 0 2
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (277) 56 613
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 114 (129) (15)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash      
Beginning of period 270 399 414
End of period $ 384 $ 270 $ 399
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Balance Sheet - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 364 $ 236
Accounts receivable    
Customers and agents, less allowances of $68 and $70, respectively 962 992
Other, less allowances of $2 and $4, respectively 79 82
Inventory, net 183 208
Prepaid expenses 72 86
Income taxes receivable 2 4
Other current assets 33 52
Total current assets 1,695 1,660
Assets held for sale 0 15
Licenses 4,588 4,702
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $128 and $106, respectively 161 183
Investments in unconsolidated entities 500 505
Property, plant and equipment    
In service and under construction 14,363 15,612
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization 9,369 10,550
Property, plant and equipment, net 4,994 5,062
Operating lease right-of-use assets 982 987
Other assets and deferred charges 762 807
Total assets [1] 13,682 13,921
Current liabilities    
Current portion of long-term debt 31 26
Accounts payable 280 360
Customer deposits and deferred revenues 283 277
Accrued interest 16 12
Accrued taxes 39 43
Accrued compensation 150 149
Short-term operating lease liabilities 153 147
Other current liabilities 138 170
Total current liabilities 1,090 1,184
Deferred liabilities and credits    
Deferred income tax liability, net 981 975
Long-term operating lease liabilities 867 890
Other deferred liabilities and credits 809 784
Long-term debt, net 4,051 4,080
Commitments and contingencies
Noncontrolling interests with redemption features 16 12
TDS shareholders’ equity    
Series A Common and Common Shares Authorized 290 shares (25 Series A Common and 265 Common Shares) Issued 133 shares (7 Series A Common and 126 Common Shares) Outstanding 114 shares (7 Series A Common and 107 Common Shares) and 113 shares (7 Series A Common and 106 Common Shares), respectively Par Value ($0.01 per share) 1 1
Capital in excess of par value 2,574 2,558
Preferred Shares, 0.279 shares authorized, par value $0.01 per share, 0.0444 shares outstanding (0.0168 Series UU and 0.0276 Series VV) 1,074 1,074
Treasury shares, at cost, 19 and 20 Common Shares, respectively (425) (465)
Accumulated other comprehensive income 18 11
Retained earnings 1,849 2,023
Total TDS shareholders’ equity 5,091 5,202
Noncontrolling interests 777 794
Total equity 5,868 5,996
Total liabilities and equity [1] $ 13,682 $ 13,921
[1] The consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, include assets held by consolidated variable interest entities (VIEs) of $983 million and $1,188 million, respectively, which are not available to be used to settle the obligations of TDS. The consolidated total liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, include certain liabilities of consolidated VIEs of $24 million and $23 million, respectively, for which the creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of TDS. See Note 16 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Balance Sheet (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets    
Customer and agent allowances $ 68 $ 70
Other allowances 2 4
Investments    
Other intangible assets accumulated amortization $ 128 $ 106
TDS shareholders’ equity    
Authorized shares (in shares) 290,000,000 290,000,000
Issued shares (in shares) 133,000,000 133,000,000
Outstanding shares (in shares) 114,000,000 113,000,000
Preferred shares authorized 279,000 279,000
Par value per share (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Outstanding shares (in shares) 44,400.0000 44,400.0000
Variable Interest Entities VIEs    
Assets [1] $ 13,682 $ 13,921
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities    
Variable Interest Entities VIEs    
Assets 1,955 1,988
Liabilities 100 98
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities | Assets held    
Variable Interest Entities VIEs    
Assets 983 1,188
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities | No recourse    
Variable Interest Entities VIEs    
Liabilities $ 24 $ 23
Series A Common Shares    
TDS shareholders’ equity    
Authorized shares (in shares) 25,000,000 25,000,000
Issued shares (in shares) 7,000,000 7,000,000
Outstanding shares (in shares) 7,000,000 7,000,000
Par value per share (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Common Shares    
TDS shareholders’ equity    
Authorized shares (in shares) 265,000,000 265,000,000
Issued shares (in shares) 126,000,000 126,000,000
Outstanding shares (in shares) 107,000,000 106,000,000
Par value per share (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Treasury shares (in shares) 19,000,000 20,000,000
Series VV Preferred Shares    
TDS shareholders’ equity    
Outstanding shares (in shares) 27,600.0000 27,600.0000
Series UU Preferred Shares    
TDS shareholders’ equity    
Outstanding shares (in shares) 16,800.0000 16,800.0000
[1] The consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, include assets held by consolidated variable interest entities (VIEs) of $983 million and $1,188 million, respectively, which are not available to be used to settle the obligations of TDS. The consolidated total liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, include certain liabilities of consolidated VIEs of $24 million and $23 million, respectively, for which the creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of TDS. See Note 16 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Total
Series A Common and Common shares
Capital in excess of par value
Preferred Shares
Treasury shares
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Retained earnings
Total TDS shareholders' equity
Noncontrolling interests
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021 $ 6,734 $ 1 $ 2,496 $ 1,074 $ (461) $ 5 $ 2,812 $ 5,927 $ 807
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders 62           62 62  
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests classified as equity 9             0 9
Other comprehensive income (loss) 0                
TDS Common and Series A Common Share dividends (82)           (82) (82)  
TDS Preferred share dividends (69)           (69) (69)  
Repurchase of Common Shares (40)       (40)     (40)  
Dividend reinvestment plan 2   2   3   (3) 2  
Incentive and compensation plans 14   18   17   (21) 14  
Adjust investment in subsidiaries for repurchases, issuances and other compensation plans (24)   35         35 (59)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests (3)             0 (3)
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022 6,603 1 2,551 1,074 (481) 5 2,699 5,849 754
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders (500)           (500) (500)  
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests classified as equity 13             0 13
Other comprehensive income (loss) 6         6   6  
TDS Common and Series A Common Share dividends (83)           (83) (83)  
TDS Preferred share dividends (70)           (70) (70)  
Repurchase of Common Shares (6)       (6)     (6)  
Dividend reinvestment plan 3   1   3   (1) 3  
Incentive and compensation plans 16   19   19   (22) 16  
Adjust investment in subsidiaries for repurchases, issuances and other compensation plans 17   (13)         (13) 30
Distributions to noncontrolling interests (3)             0 (3)
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023 5,996 1 2,558 1,074 (465) 11 2,023 5,202 794
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders (28)           (28) (28)  
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests classified as equity (3)             0 (3)
Other comprehensive income (loss) 7         7   7  
TDS Common and Series A Common Share dividends (35)           (35) (35)  
TDS Preferred share dividends (69)           (69) (69)  
Dividend reinvestment plan 1       1     1  
Incentive and compensation plans 14   17   39   (42) 14  
Adjust investment in subsidiaries for repurchases, issuances and other compensation plans (11)   (1)         (1) (10)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests (4)             0 (4)
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2024 $ 5,868 $ 1 $ 2,574 $ 1,074 $ (425) $ 18 $ 1,849 $ 5,091 $ 777
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity (Parenthetical) - $ / shares
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
TDS Common and Series A Common Share dividends (in dollars per share) $ 0.31 $ 0.74 $ 0.72
Series UU Preferred Shares      
TDS Preferred share dividends (in dollars per share) 1,656 1,656 1,656
Series VV Preferred Shares      
TDS Preferred share dividends (in dollars per share) $ 1,500 $ 1,500 $ 1,500
v3.25.0.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Nature of Operations
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. (TDS) is a diversified telecommunications company providing high-quality communications services to customers with 4.4 million retail wireless connections and 1.1 million broadband, video and voice connections at December 31, 2024. TDS conducts wireless operations through its 83%-owned subsidiary, United States Cellular Corporation (UScellular). TDS provides broadband, video, voice and wireless services through its wholly-owned subsidiary, TDS Telecommunications LLC (TDS Telecom). 
TDS has the following reportable segments: UScellular Wireless, UScellular Towers and TDS Telecom. TDS’ non-reportable other business activities are presented as “Corporate, Eliminations and Other”, which includes its wholly-owned subsidiary Suttle-Straus, Inc. (Suttle-Straus). TDS' wholly-owned hosted and managed services (HMS) subsidiary, which operated under the OneNeck IT Solutions brand, was sold to a third-party on September 3, 2024. See Note 7 — Divestitures for additional information. HMS' and Suttle-Straus' financial results were not significant to TDS' operations. All of TDS’ segments operate entirely in the United States. See Note 20 — Business Segment Information for summary financial information on each business segment.
Change in Reportable Segments
During the second quarter of 2024, TDS and UScellular modified their reporting structure due to the planned disposal of the UScellular wireless operations and, as a result, disaggregated the UScellular operations into two reportable segments – Wireless and Towers. This presentation reflects how TDS' and UScellular's chief operating decision maker allocates resources and evaluates operating performance following this strategic shift. Prior periods have been updated to conform to the new reportable segments. See Note 20 — Business Segment Information for additional information about TDS' segments.
Principles of Consolidation
The accounting policies of TDS conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). Unless otherwise specified, references to accounting provisions and GAAP in these notes refer to the requirements of the FASB ASC. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of TDS and subsidiaries in which it has a controlling financial interest, including UScellular and TDS Telecom. In addition, the consolidated financial statements include certain entities in which TDS has a variable interest that requires consolidation into the TDS financial statements under GAAP. See Note 16 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information relating to TDS’ VIEs. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Certain numbers included herein are rounded to millions for ease of presentation; however, certain calculated amounts and percentages are determined using the unrounded numbers.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (a) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and (b) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Cash and cash equivalents subject to contractual restrictions are classified as restricted cash. Restricted cash primarily consists of balances required under the receivables securitization agreement. See Note 13 — Debt for additional information related to the receivables securitization agreement. The following table provides a reconciliation of Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet to the total of the amounts in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
December 31,
20242023
(Dollars in millions)
  
Cash and cash equivalents
$364 $236 
Restricted cash included in Other current assets
20 34 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the statement of cash flows
$384 $270 
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses
UScellular’s accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts owed by customers for wireless services and equipment sales, including sales of certain devices and accessories under installment plans, by agents and third-party distributors for sales of equipment to them and by other wireless carriers whose customers have used UScellular’s wireless systems.
TDS Telecom’s accounts receivable primarily consist of amounts owed by customers for services and products provided, by state and federal governments for grants and support funds, and by interexchange carriers for long-distance and data traffic, which TDS Telecom carries on its network.
TDS estimates expected credit losses related to accounts receivable balances based on a review of available and relevant information including current economic conditions, projected economic conditions, historical loss experience, account aging, and other factors that could affect collectability. Expected credit losses are determined for each pool of accounts receivable balances that share similar risk characteristics. The allowance for credit losses is the best estimate of the amount of expected credit losses related to existing accounts receivable. TDS does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.
Inventory
Inventory consists primarily of wireless devices stated at the lower of cost, which approximates cost determined on a first-in first-out basis, or net realizable value. Net realizable value is determined by reference to the stand-alone selling price.
Cloud-Hosted Arrangements
TDS' cloud-hosted arrangements that are service contracts consist primarily of software used to perform administrative functions. Implementation costs related to TDS' cloud-hosted arrangements, which are recorded in Prepaid expenses and Other assets and deferred charges in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, were as follows:
December 31,
20242023
(Dollars in millions)
Implementation costs, gross$134 $117 
Accumulated amortization(91)(68)
Implementation costs, net$43 $49 
These costs are amortized over the period of the service contract, which is generally three to five years. Amortization of implementation costs was $22 million, $18 million and $19 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and was included in Selling, general and administrative expenses.
Licenses
Licenses consist of direct and incremental costs incurred in acquiring Federal Communications Commission (FCC) wireless spectrum licenses that generally provide UScellular with the exclusive right to utilize designated radio spectrum within specific geographic service areas to provide wireless service. Although wireless spectrum licenses are issued for a fixed period of time, generally ten years, or in some cases twelve or fifteen years, the FCC has granted license renewals routinely and at a nominal cost. The wireless spectrum licenses held by UScellular expire at various dates. UScellular believes that it is probable that its future wireless spectrum license renewal applications will be granted. UScellular applies a consistent treatment to its wireless spectrum licenses with FCC build-out requirements that have not yet been satisfied as UScellular believes it is reasonable to assume that such requirements will be met by the FCC imposed deadlines. UScellular determined that there are currently no legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or other factors that limit the useful lives of the wireless spectrum licenses. Therefore, UScellular has determined that wireless spectrum licenses are indefinite-lived intangible assets.
UScellular performs its annual impairment assessment of wireless spectrum licenses as of November 1 of each year or more frequently if there are events or circumstances that cause UScellular to believe it is more likely than not that the carrying value of wireless spectrum licenses exceeds fair value. For purposes of its impairment test, UScellular had twelve units of accounting in 2024 and one unit of accounting in 2023.
UScellular performed a quantitative impairment assessment in the third quarter of 2024 and a qualitative impairment assessment as of its annual testing date of November 1, 2024 to determine whether the wireless spectrum licenses were impaired. Based on the impairment assessment performed during the third quarter of 2024, an impairment of wireless spectrum licenses was recorded. There was no further quantitative assessment or impairment indicated in the fourth quarter of 2024. See Note 8 — Intangible Assets for additional details related to the wireless spectrum license impairment. In 2023, UScellular performed a quantitative assessment and concluded that there was no impairment of wireless spectrum licenses.
Other intangible assets
TDS Telecom has definite-lived franchise rights as a result of past acquisitions of cable businesses. Franchise rights are intangible assets that provide their holder with the right to operate a business in a certain geographical location as sanctioned by the franchiser, usually a government agency. Franchise rights are generally granted for ten years and may be renewed for additional terms upon approval by the granting authority. TDS anticipates that future renewals of its franchise rights will be granted. TDS reviews franchise rights for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. TDS re-evaluates the useful life used for amortization of franchise rights each year or whenever events or circumstances warrant to determine if changes in technology or other business changes which may require a revision of its remaining useful life. During 2024, TDS changed its estimated useful life for franchise rights from 15 years to 12 years. Franchise rights are included in Other intangible assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
TDS Telecom has definite-lived internet protocol addresses, which are required for customers to connect to the internet. TDS re-evaluates the useful life used for amortization of internet protocol addresses each year or whenever events or circumstances warrant to determine if changes in technology would warrant a revision of its useful life. Internet protocol addresses are included in Other intangible assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
See Note 8 — Intangible Assets for additional details related to Other intangible assets.
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
For its equity method investments for which financial information is readily available, TDS records its equity in the earnings of the entity in the current period. For its equity method investments for which financial information is not readily available, TDS records its equity in the earnings of the entity on a one quarter lag basis.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at the original cost of construction or purchase including capitalized costs of certain taxes, payroll-related expenses, interest and estimated costs to remove the assets.
Expenditures that enhance the productive capacity of assets in service or extend their useful lives are capitalized and depreciated. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs of assets in service are charged to Cost of services or Selling, general and administrative expense, as applicable. Retirements and disposals of assets are recorded by removing the original cost of the asset (along with the related accumulated depreciation) from plant in service and recording it, together with proceeds, if any, and net removal costs (removal costs less an applicable accrued asset retirement obligation and salvage value realized), as a gain or loss, as appropriate. Certain TDS Telecom segment assets use the group depreciation method. Accordingly, when a group method asset is retired in the ordinary course of business, the original cost of the asset and accumulated depreciation in the same amount are removed, with no gain or loss recognized on the disposition.
Software licenses that qualify for capitalization as an asset are accounted for as the acquisition of an asset and the incurrence of a liability to the extent that the license fees are not fully paid at acquisition.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the related asset, except for certain TDS Telecom segment assets, which use the group depreciation method. The group depreciation method develops a depreciation rate based on the average useful life of a specific group of assets, rather than each asset individually. TDS depreciates leasehold improvement assets over periods ranging from one year to thirty years; such periods approximate the shorter of the assets’ economic lives or the specific lease terms.
Useful lives of specific assets are reviewed throughout the year to determine if changes in technology or other business changes would warrant accelerating the depreciation of those specific assets. There were no material changes to the assigned useful lives of the various categories of property, plant and equipment in 2024, 2023 or 2022. See Note 10 — Property, Plant and Equipment for additional details related to useful lives.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
TDS reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. Due to its plan to divest of its wireless operations, UScellular expects to generate cash flows from the wireless operations separately from the retained business and during 2024, bifurcated the historical single asset group into two asset groups – wireless and towers. See Note 7 — Divestitures for additional information. It is possible that any outcomes of the strategic alternatives review could change the composition of UScellular's long-lived assets, how UScellular may derive cash flows from these assets and may result in uncertainty related to asset recoverability. This may impact UScellular's asset groups for purposes of assessing property, plant and equipment for impairment and may require an impairment assessment to be performed which may result in the need to write down certain long-lived assets in the near term. TDS Telecom has one asset group based on the integrated nature of its network, assets and operations.
Leases
A lease is generally present in a contract if the lessee controls the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. See Note 11 — Leases for additional details related to leases.
Agent Liabilities
UScellular has relationships with agents, which are independent businesses that obtain customers for UScellular. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, UScellular had accrued $44 million and $50 million, respectively, in agent related liabilities. These amounts are included in Other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Debt Issuance Costs
Debt issuance costs include underwriters’ and legal fees and other charges related to issuing and renewing various borrowing instruments and other long-term agreements and are amortized over the respective term of each instrument. Debt issuance costs related to TDS’ and UScellular's revolving credit agreements and UScellular's receivables securitization agreement are recorded in Other assets and deferred charges in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. All other debt issuance costs are presented as an offset to the related debt obligation in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Asset Retirement Obligations
TDS records asset retirement obligations for the fair value of legal obligations associated with asset retirements and a corresponding increase in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset in the period in which the obligations are incurred. In periods subsequent to initial measurement, TDS recognizes changes in the liability resulting from the passage of time and updates to the timing or the amount of the original estimates. The liability is accreted to its estimated settlement date value over the period to the estimated settlement date. The change in the carrying amount of the long-lived asset is depreciated over the average remaining life of the related asset. See Note 12 — Asset Retirement Obligations for additional information.
Treasury Shares
Common Shares repurchased by TDS are recorded at cost as treasury shares and result in a reduction of equity. When treasury shares are reissued, TDS determines the cost using the first-in, first-out cost method. The difference between the cost of the treasury shares and reissuance price is included in Capital in excess of par value or Retained earnings. 
Revenue Recognition
Revenues from sales of equipment and products are recognized when control has transferred to the customer, agent or third-party distributor. Service revenues are recognized as the related service is provided. See Note 2 — Revenue Recognition for additional information on TDS' policies related to Revenues.
Advertising Costs
TDS expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs totaled $207 million, $208 million and $196 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Income Taxes
TDS files a consolidated federal income tax return. Deferred taxes are computed using the liability method, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for future deductible temporary differences and operating loss carryforwards, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for future taxable temporary differences. Both deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates in effect when the temporary differences are expected to reverse. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. TDS evaluates income tax uncertainties, assesses the probability of the ultimate settlement with the applicable taxing authority and records an amount based on that assessment. Deferred taxes are reported as a net non-current asset or liability by jurisdiction. Any corresponding valuation allowance to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets is also recorded as non-current. See Note 5 — Income Taxes for additional information.
Stock-Based Compensation and Other Plans
TDS has established long-term incentive plans, dividend reinvestment plans, and a non-employee director compensation plan. The dividend reinvestment plan of TDS is not considered a compensatory plan, and therefore recognition of compensation costs for grants made under this plan is not required. All other plans are considered compensatory plans; therefore, recognition of costs for grants made under these plans is required.
TDS recognizes stock compensation expense based upon the estimated fair value of the specific awards granted on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which generally represents the vesting period. Stock-based compensation cost recognized has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. See Note 19 — Stock-Based Compensation for additional information.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2024, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2024-03 Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). ASU 2024-03 requires more detailed information about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the Consolidated Statement of Operations. ASU 2024-03 is effective on a prospective or retrospective basis for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. TDS is evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its financial statement disclosures.
v3.25.0.1
Revenue Recognition
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Recognition
Note 2 Revenue Recognition
Nature of goods and services
The following is a description of principal activities from which TDS generates its revenues.
Services and productsNature, timing of satisfaction of performance obligations, and significant payment terms 
  
Wireless servicesWireless service includes voice, messaging and data services. Revenue is recognized in Service revenues as wireless service is provided to the customer. Wireless services generally are billed and paid in advance on a monthly basis.
Wireless devices and accessoriesUScellular offers a comprehensive range of wireless devices such as handsets, tablets, mobile hotspots and routers for purchase by its customers, as well as accessories. UScellular also sells wireless devices to agents and other third-party distributors for resale. UScellular frequently discounts wireless devices sold to new and current customers. UScellular also offers customers the option to purchase certain devices and accessories under installment contracts whereby they pay over a specified time period. For certain equipment installment plans, after a specified period of time, the customer may have the right to upgrade to a new device. Such upgrades require the customer to enter into an equipment installment contract for the new device, and transfer the existing device to UScellular. UScellular recognizes revenue in Equipment and product sales revenues when control of the device or accessory is transferred to the customer, agent or third-party distributor, which is generally upon delivery.
Wireless roamingUScellular receives roaming revenues when other wireless carriers’ customers use UScellular’s wireless systems. UScellular recognizes revenue in Service revenues when the roaming service is provided.
Wireless Eligible Telecommunications Carrier (ETC) RevenuesTelecommunications companies may be designated by states, or in some cases by the FCC, as an ETC to receive support payments from the Universal Service Fund if they provide specified services in “high cost” areas. ETC revenues recognized in the reporting period represent the amounts which UScellular is entitled to receive for such period, as determined and approved in connection with UScellular’s designation as an ETC in various states.
Tower rentsUScellular receives tower rental revenues when another carrier leases tower space on a UScellular-owned tower. UScellular recognizes revenue in Service revenues in the period during which the services are provided. Tower rental revenues are generally billed and paid in advance on a monthly basis.
Activation feesTDS charges its end customers activation fees in connection with the sale of certain services and equipment. Activation fees are deferred and recognized over the period benefited.
Wireline and cable servicesWireline and cable services include broadband, video, and voice services. Revenue is recognized in Service revenues as service is provided to the customer. Wireline and cable services are generally billed and paid in advance on a monthly basis.
Wholesale revenuesWholesale revenues include network access services primarily to interexchange and wireless carriers for carrying data and voice traffic on TDS Telecom’s network, special access services and state and federal support payments, including E-ACAM. Wholesale revenues are recorded as the related service is provided.
IT hardware sales1
TDS recognizes equipment revenue when it no longer has any requirements to perform, when title has passed and when the products are accepted by the customer.
Hosted and managed services1
HMS Service revenues consist of cloud and hosting solutions, managed services, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) application management, colocation services, and IT hardware and related maintenance and professional services. Revenues related to these services are recognized as services are provided.
1The HMS operations were sold to a third-party on September 3, 2024. See Note 7 — Divestitures for additional information.
Significant Judgments
As a practical expedient, TDS groups similar contracts or similar performance obligations together into portfolios of contracts or performance obligations if doing so does not result in a significant difference from accounting for the individual contracts discretely. TDS applies this grouping method for the following types of transactions: device activation fees, contract acquisition costs, contract fulfillment costs, and certain customer promotions. Contract portfolios are recognized over the respective expected customer lives or terms of the contracts.
Services are deemed to be highly interrelated when the method and timing of transfer and performance risk are the same. Highly interrelated services that are determined to not be distinct have been grouped into a single performance obligation. Each month of services promised is a performance obligation. The series of monthly service performance obligations promised over the course of the contract are combined into a single performance obligation for purposes of the revenue allocation.
TDS has made judgments regarding transaction price, including but not limited to issues relating to variable consideration, time value of money, returns and non-cash consideration. When determined to be significant in the context of the contract, these items are considered in the valuation of transaction price at contract inception or modification, as appropriate.
Multiple Performance Obligations
UScellular and TDS Telecom each sell bundled service and equipment offerings. In these instances, TDS recognizes its revenue based on the relative standalone selling prices for each distinct service or equipment performance obligation, or bundles thereof. TDS estimates the standalone selling price of the device or accessory to be its retail price excluding discounts. TDS estimates the standalone selling price of service to be the price offered to customers on month-to-month contracts.
Incentives
Discounts, incentives, and rebates to agents and end customers that are deemed cash are recognized as a reduction of Operating revenues concurrently with the associated revenue. 
From time to time, UScellular may offer certain promotions to incentivize customers to switch to, or to purchase additional services from, UScellular. Under these types of promotions, an eligible customer may receive an incentive in the form of a discount off additional services purchased shown as a credit to the customer’s monthly bill. UScellular accounts for the future discounts as material rights at the time of the initial transaction by allocating and deferring revenue based on the relative proportion of the future discounts in comparison to the aggregate initial purchase. The deferred revenue is recognized as service revenue in future periods. 
Amounts Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities
TDS records amounts collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities on a net basis within a liability account if the amount is assessed upon the customer and TDS merely acts as an agent in collecting the amount on behalf of the imposing governmental authority. If the amount is assessed upon TDS, then amounts collected from customers are recorded in Service revenues and amounts remitted to governmental authorities are recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The amounts recorded gross in revenues that are billed to customers and remitted to governmental authorities totaled $76 million, $89 million and $88 million for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Disaggregation of Revenue
In the following table, TDS' revenues are disaggregated by type of service, which represents the relevant categorization of revenues for certain TDS reportable segments, and timing of recognition. Service revenues are recognized over time and Equipment and product sales are recognized at a point in time.
Year Ended December 31, 2024UScellular WirelessTDS TelecomCorporate, Eliminations and OtherTotal
(Dollars in millions)    
Revenues from contracts with customers:    
Type of service:    
Retail service$2,674 $— $— $2,674 
Residential— 740 — 740 
Commercial— 148 — 148 
Wholesale— 169 — 169 
Other service210 — 48 258 
Service revenues from contracts with customers2,884 1,057 48 3,989 
Equipment and product sales783 1 70 854 
Total revenues from contracts with customers1
$3,667 $1,058 $118 $4,843 
Year Ended December 31, 2023UScellular WirelessTDS TelecomCorporate, Eliminations and OtherTotal
(Dollars in millions)    
Revenues from contracts with customers:    
Type of service:    
Retail service2
$2,742 $— $— $2,742 
Residential— 700 — 700 
Commercial— 155 — 155 
Wholesale— 169 — 169 
Other service201 — 75 276 
Service revenues from contracts with customers2,943 1,024 75 4,042 
Equipment and product sales862 1 128 991 
Total revenues from contracts with customers1
$3,805 $1,025 $203 $5,033 
Year Ended December 31, 2022UScellular WirelessTDS TelecomCorporate, Eliminations and OtherTotal
(Dollars in millions)    
Revenues from contracts with customers:    
Type of service:    
Retail service$2,793 $— $— $2,793 
Residential— 669 — 669 
Commercial— 173 — 173 
Wholesale— 173 — 173 
Other service239 — 73 312 
Service revenues from contracts with customers3,032 1,015 73 4,120 
Equipment and product sales1,044 1 128 1,173 
Total revenues from contracts with customers1
$4,076 $1,016 $201 $5,293 
Numbers may not foot due to rounding.
1Revenue line items in this table will not agree to amounts presented in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as the amounts in this table only include revenue resulting from contracts with customers.
2UScellular recorded an adjustment to correct a prior period error related to the recognition of discounts for certain Prepaid customers, which decreased Service revenue by $5 million in 2023. This adjustment was not material to any of the periods impacted.
Contract Balances
For contracts that involve multiple element service and equipment offerings, the transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. When consideration is received in advance of delivery of goods or services, a contract liability is recorded. A contract asset is recorded when revenue is recognized in advance of TDS’ right to receive consideration. Once there is an unconditional right to receive the consideration, TDS records such amounts as receivables, and then bills the customer under the terms of the respective contract.
TDS recognizes Equipment and product sales revenue when the equipment is delivered to the customer and a corresponding contract asset or liability is recorded for the difference between the amount of revenue recognized and the amount billed to the customer in cases where discounts are offered. The contract asset or liability is reduced over the contract term as service is provided and billed to the customer.
The following table provides balances for contract assets from contracts with customers, which are recorded in Other current assets and Other assets and deferred charges in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, and contract liabilities from contracts with customers, which are recorded in Customer deposits and deferred revenues and Other deferred liabilities and credits in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions) 
Contract assets$8 $14 
Contract liabilities$382 $380 

Revenue recognized related to contract liabilities existing at January 1, 2024 was $256 million for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations
The following table includes estimated service revenues expected to be recognized related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period. These estimates represent service revenues to be recognized when services are delivered to customers pursuant to service plan contracts and under certain roaming agreements with other carriers. These estimates are based on contracts in place as of December 31, 2024, and may vary from actual results. As practical expedients, revenue related to contracts of less than one year, generally month-to-month contracts, and contracts with a fixed per-unit price and variable quantity, are excluded from these estimates.

A significant portion of TDS Telecom's residential revenue is derived from customers who may generally cancel their subscriptions at any time without penalty. For these contracts, the amount of revenue related to unsatisfied performance obligations is not necessarily indicative of the future revenue to be recognized from TDS Telecom's existing customer base and therefore is excluded from these estimates.
 Service Revenues
(Dollars in millions) 
2025$341 
2026115 
Thereafter67 
Total$523 
Contract Cost Assets
TDS expects that commission fees paid as a result of obtaining contracts are recoverable, and therefore TDS defers and amortizes these costs. As a practical expedient, costs with an amortization period of one year or less are expensed as incurred. TDS also incurs fulfillment costs, such as installation costs, where there is an expectation that a future benefit will be realized. Deferred commission fees and fulfillment costs are amortized based on the timing of transfer of the goods or services to which the assets relate, typically the contract term. Contract cost asset balances, which are recorded in Other assets and deferred charges in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, were as follows:
December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions) 
Costs to obtain contracts 
Sales commissions$145 $143 
Fulfillment costs
Installation costs2 6 
Total contract cost assets$147 $149 
Amortization of contract cost assets was $98 million, $107 million and $113 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and was included in Selling, general and administrative expenses and Cost of services expenses.
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements
Note 3 Fair Value Measurements
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, TDS did not have any material financial or nonfinancial assets or liabilities that were required to be recorded at fair value in its Consolidated Balance Sheet in accordance with GAAP.
The provisions of GAAP establish a fair value hierarchy that contains three levels for inputs used in fair value measurements. Level 1 inputs include quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or quoted market prices for identical assets and liabilities in inactive markets. Level 3 inputs are unobservable. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is not representative of its expected performance or its overall risk profile, and therefore Level 3 assets are not necessarily higher risk than Level 2 assets or Level 1 assets.
As of December 31, 2024, UScellular recorded a net written call option at fair value, which was considered Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. See Note 7 — Divestitures for additional information.
TDS has applied the provisions of fair value accounting for purposes of computing the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes as displayed below.
 Level within the Fair Value HierarchyDecember 31, 2024December 31, 2023
 Book ValueFair ValueBook ValueFair Value
(Dollars in millions)     
Long-term debt2$4,119 $4,015 $4,139 $3,651 
Long-term debt excludes lease obligations, the current portion of Long-term debt and debt financing costs. The fair value of Long-term debt was estimated using various methods, including quoted market prices and discounted cash flow analyses.
The fair values of Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term debt approximate their book values due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.
v3.25.0.1
Equipment Installment Plans
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Equipment Installment Plans
Note 4 Equipment Installment Plans
UScellular sells devices to customers under equipment installment plans over a specified time period. For certain equipment installment plans, after a specified period of time or amount of payments, the customer may have the right to upgrade to a new device and have the remaining unpaid equipment installment contract balance waived, subject to certain conditions, including trading in the original device in good working condition and signing a new equipment installment contract.
The following table summarizes equipment installment plan receivables.

December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross$1,110 $1,151 
Allowance for credit losses(82)(90)
Equipment installment plan receivables, net$1,028 $1,061 
Net balance presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as:
Accounts receivable — Customers and agents (Current portion)$592 $577 
Other assets and deferred charges (Non-current portion)436 484 
Equipment installment plan receivables, net$1,028 $1,061 
UScellular uses various inputs to evaluate the credit profiles of its customers, including internal data, information from credit bureaus and other sources. From this evaluation, a credit class is assigned to the customer that determines the number of eligible lines, the amount of credit available, and the down payment requirement, if any. These credit classes are grouped into four credit categories: lowest risk, lower risk, slight risk and higher risk. A customer's assigned credit class is reviewed periodically and a change is made, if appropriate. An equipment installment plan billed amount is considered past due if not paid within 30 days.
The balance and aging of the equipment installment plan receivables on a gross basis by credit category were as follows:
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Lowest RiskLower RiskSlight RiskHigher RiskTotalLowest RiskLower RiskSlight RiskHigher RiskTotal
(Dollars in millions)
Unbilled$955 $77 $13 $5 $1,050 $977 $88 $16 $4 $1,085 
Billed — current36 4 1 1 42 35 5 2 1 43 
Billed — past due10 5 2 1 18 12 7 3 1 23 
Total$1,001 $86 $16 $7 $1,110 $1,024 $100 $21 $6 $1,151 
The balance of the equipment installment plan receivables as of December 31, 2024 on a gross basis by year of origination were as follows:
202220232024Total
(Dollars in millions)
Lowest Risk$131 $332 $538 $1,001 
Lower Risk6 22 58 86 
Slight Risk1 3 12 16 
Higher Risk— 1 6 7 
Total$138 $358 $614 $1,110 
The write-offs, net of recoveries for the year ended December 31, 2024 on a gross basis by year of origination were as follows:
2021202220232024Total
(Dollars in millions)
Write-offs, net of recoveries
$(1)$18 $40 $16 $73 
Activity for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, in the allowance for credit losses for equipment installment plan receivables was as follows:
 20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Allowance for credit losses, beginning of year$90 $96 
Bad debts expense65 69 
Write-offs, net of recoveries(73)(75)
Allowance for credit losses, end of year$82 $90 
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Note 5 Income Taxes
TDS’ current income taxes balances at December 31, 2024 and 2023, were as follows:
December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Federal income taxes receivable (payable)$(1)$1 
Net state income taxes receivable2 3 
Income tax expense (benefit) is summarized as follows:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Current   
Federal$3 $(1)$1 
State— 3 5 
Deferred
Federal(5)(10)32 
State8 18 15 
Total income tax expense (benefit)$6 $10 $53 
A reconciliation of TDS’ income tax expense computed at the statutory rate to the reported income tax expense, and the statutory federal income tax rate to TDS’ effective income tax rate is as follows:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
 AmountRateAmountRateAmountRate
(Dollars in millions)      
Statutory federal income tax expense and rate$(4)21.0 %$(100)21.0 %$26 21.0 %
State income taxes, net of federal benefit1
6 (32.4)16 (3.4)16 12.8 
Change in federal valuation allowance2
20 (99.1)8 (1.7)7 5.7 
Goodwill impairment3
— — 83 (17.4)— — 
Sale of businesses(15)74.0 — — — — 
Nondeductible compensation3 (13.5)7 (1.4)7 5.6 
Tax credits(2)11.7 (3)0.6 (2)(1.9)
Other differences, net(2)4.2 (1)0.2 (1)(0.6)
Total income tax expense (benefit) and rate$6 (34.1)%$10 (2.1)%$53 42.6 %
1State income taxes, net of federal benefit, include changes in unrecognized tax benefits as well as adjustments to state valuation allowances. State taxes in 2022 and 2023 include discrete valuation allowance adjustments that did not recur in 2024.
2Change in federal valuation allowance is due primarily to capital losses from the sale of businesses and annual interest expense from partnership investments that carryforward but may not be realized.
3Goodwill impairment reflects the federal tax effect of the portion of the impaired goodwill that is not amortizable for income tax purposes. See Note 8 — Intangible Assets for additional information related to the goodwill impairment.
Significant components of TDS’ deferred income tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2024 and 2023, were as follows:
December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Deferred tax assets  
Net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards$268 $284 
Lease liabilities253 260 
Contract liabilities60 61 
Interest expense carryforwards176 133 
Asset retirement obligation136 123 
Other109 98 
Total deferred tax assets1,002 959 
Less valuation allowance(266)(216)
Net deferred tax assets736 743 
Deferred tax liabilities
Property, plant and equipment817 841 
Licenses/intangibles423 410 
Partnership investments191 181 
Lease assets238 242 
Other48 44 
Total deferred tax liabilities1,717 1,718 
Net deferred income tax liability$981 $975 
At December 31, 2024, TDS and certain subsidiaries had $234 million of federal NOL carryforwards (generating a $49 million deferred tax asset) available to offset future taxable income, subject to certain limitations. The federal NOL carryforwards generally expire between 2025 and 2037, with the exception of federal NOLs generated after 2017, which do not expire. TDS and certain subsidiaries had $4,526 million of state NOL carryforwards (generating a $218 million deferred tax asset) available to offset future taxable income. The state NOL carryforwards generally expire between 2025 and 2044. A valuation allowance was established for certain federal and state NOL carryforwards since it is more likely than not that a portion of such carryforwards will expire before they can be utilized. 
At December 31, 2024, TDS and certain subsidiaries had $696 million of federal interest expense carryforwards (generating a $146 million deferred tax asset) available to offset future taxable income. The federal interest expense carryforwards do not expire. TDS and certain subsidiaries had $742 million of state interest expense carryforwards (generating a $30 million deferred tax asset) available to offset future taxable income. The state interest expense carryforwards generally do not expire. A valuation allowance was established for certain federal and state interest expense carryforwards since it is more likely than not that a portion of such carryforwards will not be utilized.
A summary of TDS' deferred tax asset valuation allowance is as follows:
 202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Balance at beginning of year$216 $177 $149 
Charged to Income tax expense54 39 28 
Charged to (Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net(4)— — 
Balance at end of year$266 $216 $177 
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
 202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at beginning of year$40 $38 $37 
Additions for tax positions of current year7 10 6 
Additions for tax positions of prior years— — 1 
Reductions for tax positions of prior years(7)(2)— 
Reductions for lapses in statutes of limitations(7)(6)(6)
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at end of year$33 $40 $38 
Unrecognized tax benefits are included in Other deferred liabilities and credits in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. If these benefits were recognized at each respective year end period, they would have reduced income tax expense by $26 million, $31 million and $30 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, net of the federal benefit from state income taxes. 
TDS recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in Income tax expense (benefit). The amounts charged to income tax expense related to interest and penalties were immaterial in 2024, 2023 and 2022. Net accrued liabilities for interest and penalties were $13 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, and are included in Other deferred liabilities and credits in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
TDS and its subsidiaries file federal and state income tax returns. With limited exceptions, TDS is no longer subject to federal and state income tax audits for the years prior to 2021.
v3.25.0.1
Earnings Per Share
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings Per Share
Note 6 Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to TDS common shareholders by the weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders is computed by dividing Net income (loss) attributable to TDS common shareholders by the weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding during the period adjusted to include the effects of potentially dilutive securities. Potentially dilutive securities primarily include incremental shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and the vesting of performance and restricted stock units, as calculated using the treasury stock method.
The amounts used in computing basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts)   
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS common shareholders used in basic earnings (loss) per share$(97)$(569)$(7)
Adjustments to compute diluted earnings (loss):
Noncontrolling interest adjustment— (1)(1)
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS common shareholders used in diluted earnings (loss) per share$(97)$(570)$(8)
Weighted average number of shares used in basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Common Shares107 106 107 
Series A Common Shares7 7 7 
Weighted average number of shares used in basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share114 113 114 
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders$(0.85)$(5.05)$(0.07)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders$(0.85)$(5.06)$(0.07)
Certain Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options or vesting of performance and restricted stock units were not included in weighted average diluted shares outstanding for the calculation of Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders because their effects were antidilutive. The number of such Common Shares excluded was 6 million, 6 million and 5 million for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
v3.25.0.1
Divestures
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Business Combinations [Abstract]  
Divestures
Note 7 Divestitures
UScellular
On August 4, 2023, TDS and UScellular announced that the Boards of Directors of both companies decided to initiate a process to explore a range of strategic alternatives for UScellular. On May 28, 2024, UScellular announced that its Board of Directors unanimously approved the execution of a Securities Purchase Agreement (Securities Purchase Agreement) by and among TDS, UScellular, T-Mobile US, Inc. (T-Mobile) and USCC Wireless Holdings, LLC, pursuant to which, among other things, UScellular has agreed to sell its wireless operations and select spectrum assets to T-Mobile for a purchase price, subject to adjustments, as specified in the Securities Purchase Agreement, of $4,400 million, which is payable in a combination of cash and the assumption of up to approximately $2,000 million in debt. The purchase price includes $100 million contingent on the satisfaction of certain financial and operational metrics. The purchase price also includes $400 million allocated to certain wireless spectrum licenses held by entities in which UScellular is a non-controlling limited partner. The closing with respect to these wireless spectrum licenses is contingent upon UScellular's purchase, which is pending receipt of regulatory approval, of the remaining equity in the entities that UScellular does not currently own. The Securities Purchase Agreement also contemplates, among other things, a Short-Term Spectrum Manager Lease Agreement and Short-Term Spectrum Manager Sublease Agreements that will become effective at the closing date, which provide T-Mobile with an exclusive license to use certain UScellular spectrum assets and leases at no cost for up to one-year for the sole purpose of providing continued, uninterrupted service to customers. UScellular expects to present the wireless operations and select spectrum assets sold to T-Mobile as discontinued operations if and when the accounting criteria is met. The sale of the wireless business to T-Mobile is expected to close in mid-2025, subject to the receipt of regulatory approvals and the satisfaction of customary closing conditions.
On October 17, 2024, UScellular, and certain subsidiaries of UScellular, entered into a License Purchase Agreement (Verizon Purchase Agreement) with Verizon Communications Inc. (Verizon) to sell certain AWS, Cellular and PCS wireless spectrum licenses and agreed to grant Verizon certain rights to lease such licenses prior to the transaction close for total proceeds of $1,000 million. As of December 31, 2024, UScellular's book value of the wireless spectrum licenses to be sold was $586 million. The transaction is subject to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions, and is contingent on the closing of the T-Mobile transaction and the termination of the T-Mobile Short-Term Spectrum Manager Lease Agreement.
On November 6, 2024, UScellular, and certain subsidiaries of UScellular, entered into a License Purchase Agreement (AT&T Purchase Agreement) with New Cingular Wireless PCS, LLC (AT&T), a subsidiary of AT&T Inc. to sell certain 3.45 GHz and 700 MHz wireless spectrum licenses and agreed to grant AT&T certain rights to lease and sub-lease such licenses prior to the transaction close for total proceeds of $1,018 million, subject to certain purchase price adjustments. As of December 31, 2024, UScellular's book value of the wireless spectrum licenses to be sold was $859 million. The transaction is subject to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions and substantially all of the licenses subject to the transaction are contingent on the closing of the T-Mobile transaction. The purchase price includes $232 million allocated to certain wireless spectrum licenses that are held by an entity in which UScellular is a non-controlling limited partner. The closing with respect to these wireless spectrum licenses is contingent upon UScellular's purchase, which is pending receipt of regulatory approval, of the remaining equity in the entity that UScellular does not currently own.
The strategic alternatives review process is ongoing as UScellular works toward closing the transactions signed during 2024, including the T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T transactions and continues to seek to opportunistically monetize its spectrum assets that are not subject to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Verizon Purchase Agreement, or the AT&T Purchase Agreement.
TDS incurred third-party expenses related to the announced transactions and strategic alternatives review of $56 million and $13 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses.
UScellular also assessed whether the execution of the Securities Purchase Agreement constituted a significant change in the way it expects to operate its long-lived assets. Specifically, given the Securities Purchase Agreement, and UScellular's plan to divest of its wireless operations, UScellular expects to generate cash flows from the wireless operations separately from the retained business. Therefore, in the second quarter of 2024, UScellular bifurcated the historical single asset group into two asset groups – wireless and towers. At that time, UScellular also assessed whether an impairment test of its long-lived assets was required and determined that there was no triggering event present due to the factors just described that required a recoverability test to be performed. In the third quarter of 2024, UScellular re-assessed whether an impairment test of its long-lived assets was required considering the wireless spectrum license impairment and determined that there was no triggering event that required a recoverability test to be performed. No additional changes were made to its asset groups nor were any triggering events identified during the fourth quarter of 2024.
As part of the transaction, UScellular entered into a Put/Call Agreement with T-Mobile whereby T-Mobile has the right to call certain spectrum assets and UScellular has the right to put certain spectrum assets to T-Mobile for an aggregate agreed upon price of $106 million. The call option notice period started on May 24, 2024, and the put exercise period starts at the close of the broader transaction. There was no cash exchanged at the inception of the Put/Call Agreement. All license transfers pursuant to any put/call are subject to Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approval. UScellular accounts for this instrument as a net written call option and records such option at fair value each reporting period unless/until such option is exercised or terminated. UScellular estimated the fair value of the net written call option at $5 million as of December 31, 2024, which was recorded to Other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The change in fair value is recorded to (Gain) loss on license sales and exchanges, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
TDS Telecom
On May 31, 2024, TDS Telecom entered into an agreement with a third-party to sell certain incumbent markets in Virginia for a purchase price of $31 million. The transaction closed on November 1, 2024, and TDS Telecom recognized a book gain of $22 million in (Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
On August 19, 2024, TDS Telecom entered into agreements with third-parties to sell certain assets and liabilities of its cable operations in Texas for a price of $27 million, which includes the value of non-cash consideration related to the sale and leaseback of fiber. The transactions closed on November 15, 2024, and TDS Telecom recognized a book gain of $27 million in (Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Other
On May 31, 2024, TDS entered into an agreement to sell its HMS operations, which operated through wholly-owned subsidiaries OneNeck IT Solutions LLC and OneNeck Data Center Holdings LLC, to a third-party for a purchase price, subject to adjustment as specified in the agreement, of $101 million, with an additional $9 million of contingent proceeds. The transaction closed on September 3, 2024, and TDS received proceeds of $91 million and recognized a book gain of $19 million in (Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
v3.25.0.1
Intangible Assets
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets
Note 8 Intangible Assets
Licenses
Prior to 2009, TDS accounted for UScellular’s share repurchases as step acquisitions, allocating a portion of the share repurchase value to TDS’ Licenses. Consequently, UScellular's Licenses on a stand-alone basis do not equal the TDS consolidated Licenses related to UScellular.
Auction 107
On February 24, 2021, the FCC announced by way of Public Notice that UScellular was the provisional winning bidder of 254 wireless spectrum licenses in the 3.7-3.98 GHz bands for $1,283 million in Auction 107. UScellular paid $30 million of this amount in 2020 and the remainder in March 2021 and the wireless spectrum licenses were granted by the FCC in July 2021. Additionally, UScellular was obligated to pay relocation costs and accelerated relocation incentive payments of $8 million, $122 million, $8 million and $36 million in the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Such additional costs were estimated, accrued and capitalized at the time the licenses were granted and have been adjusted as such costs were finalized. UScellular received full access to the spectrum in the third quarter of 2023.
Wireless Spectrum License Impairment – UScellular
Wireless spectrum licenses represent a significant component of TDS' consolidated assets. Wireless spectrum licenses are considered to be indefinite-lived assets, and therefore, are not amortized but are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if there are events or circumstances that cause UScellular to believe that their carrying values exceed their fair values. Wireless spectrum licenses are tested for impairment at the level of reporting referred to as a unit of accounting.
As a result of executing the Securities Purchase Agreement with T-Mobile during the second quarter of 2024, UScellular bifurcated its historical single unit of accounting into two units of accounting – wireless spectrum licenses to be sold under the Securities Purchase Agreement and wireless spectrum licenses to be retained. During the third quarter of 2024, UScellular’s efforts to monetize its spectrum assets not subject to the Securities Purchase Agreement provided new evidence that the highest and best use of the retained spectrum to current buyers would be in separate tranches. As a result, UScellular further divided its wireless spectrum licenses units of accounting from one retained unit into eleven units, resulting in twelve total units of accounting. UScellular concluded that there were events and circumstances in the third quarter of 2024 that caused UScellular to believe the carrying values of five of the units of accounting may exceed their respective fair values (i.e. triggering event), and accordingly a quantitative impairment assessment was performed for those units. There was no triggering event for the other units of accounting.
A market approach was used for purposes of the quantitative impairment assessment to value the wireless spectrum licenses for the five units tested, using a range of values established largely through industry benchmarks, FCC auction data, and precedent transactions. The midpoint of the range was established as the estimate of fair value for each unit of accounting. Based on this valuation, the fair value of the wireless spectrum licenses exceeded their respective carrying values by amounts ranging from 9% to 80% for three of the units of accounting. For two of the units of accounting, the fair value of the wireless spectrum licenses was less than the respective carrying value, and a $136 million impairment was recorded to Loss on impairment of licenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations within UScellular’s Wireless segment during the third quarter of 2024. Substantially all of the impairment loss related to the retained high-band spectrum unit of accounting which includes the 28 GHz, 37 GHz and 39 GHz frequency bands, the carrying value of which was $161 million after the impairment loss. The impairment loss is driven by the change in the units of accounting described above combined with lower fair value primarily attributed to high-band spectrum as a result of industry-wide challenges encountered related to the operationalization of this spectrum.
UScellular performed a qualitative impairment assessment as of its annual testing date of November 1, 2024 to determine whether the wireless spectrum licenses were impaired. Based on the impairment assessment performed, there was no further quantitative assessment performed or impairment indicated in the fourth quarter of 2024.
TDS Telecom Goodwill Impairment Assessment
TDS Telecom had recorded Goodwill as a result of past business acquisitions. For purposes of the 2023 Goodwill impairment test, TDS Telecom had one reporting unit.

2023 Impairment Test
Rising interest rates and liquidity constraints have caused TDS Telecom to slow the pace of its fiber deployment and reduce or defer planned capital expenditures in future years, which also defers the related revenue generation from these projects. In addition, TDS Telecom is facing increasing competitive pressures in its Incumbent Wireline markets. Consequently, TDS Telecom reset its long-range forecast in the fourth quarter of 2023, and performed a quantitative impairment assessment as of November 1, 2023.
The discounted cash flow and guideline public company approaches were used to value the reporting unit, weighted at 75% and 25%, respectively. The discounted cash flow approach develops an indication of fair value using various inputs and considers current economic factors as well as risks specific to the industry and the reporting unit. The guideline public company method develops an estimate of fair value by calculating market pricing multiples for selected publicly traded companies that are comparable to the reporting unit. The multiples are applied to the appropriate financial measure of the reporting unit to estimate the reporting unit's fair value.
The results of the goodwill impairment test indicated that the carrying value of the TDS Telecom reporting unit exceeded its fair value. Therefore, TDS recognized a loss on impairment of goodwill of $547 million to reduce the carrying value of Goodwill for the reporting unit to zero in the fourth quarter of 2023.
Other intangible assets
Activity related to TDS' Other intangible assets is presented below.
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Gross AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet AmountGross AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Amount
(Dollars in millions)
Franchise rights$255 $(121)$134 $255 $(102)$153 
Internet protocol addresses34 (7)26 34 (4)29 
Other1 — 1 1 — 1 
Total$290 $(128)$161 $290 $(106)$183 
Numbers may not foot due to rounding.
Amortization expense for intangible assets was $22 million, $22 million and $21 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Based on the current balance of finite-lived intangible assets, the estimated amortization expense is $29 million for each of the years 2025 through 2029.
v3.25.0.1
Investments In Unconsolidated Entities
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
Note 9 Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
Investments in unconsolidated entities consist of amounts invested in entities in which TDS holds a noncontrolling interest. TDS' Investments in unconsolidated entities are accounted for using the equity method, measurement alternative method or net asset value practical expedient method as shown in the table below. The carrying value of measurement alternative method investments represents cost minus any impairments plus or minus any observable price changes.
December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Equity method investments:  
Capital contributions, loans, advances and adjustments$115 $115 
Cumulative share of income2,939 2,775 
Cumulative share of distributions(2,582)(2,413)
Total equity method investments472 477 
Measurement alternative method investments19 19 
Investments recorded using the net asset value practical expedient9 9 
Total investments in unconsolidated entities$500 $505 
The following tables, which are based on unaudited information provided in part by third parties, summarize the combined assets, liabilities and equity, and results of operations of TDS’ equity method investments:

December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Assets  
Current$1,264 $1,038 
Noncurrent6,577 6,440 
Total assets$7,841 $7,478 
Liabilities and Equity
Current liabilities$860 $765 
Noncurrent liabilities1,636 1,156 
Partners’ capital and shareholders’ equity5,345 5,557 
Total liabilities and equity$7,841 $7,478 
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Results of Operations   
Revenues$7,574 $7,304 $7,303 
Operating expenses5,950 5,704 5,684 
Operating income1,624 1,600 1,619 
Other income (expense), net(3)(30)(19)
Net income$1,621 $1,570 $1,600 
v3.25.0.1
Property, Plant and Equipment
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Property, Plant and Equipment
Note 10 Property, Plant and Equipment
TDS’ Property, plant and equipment in service and under construction, and related accumulated depreciation and amortization, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, were as follows:
December 31,Useful Lives (Years)20242023
(Dollars in millions)   
LandN/A$65 $67 
Buildings
15-40
420 542 
Leasehold and land improvements
1-30
1,651 1,598 
Cable and wire
15-40
3,191 2,928 
Network and switching equipment
1-10
2,241 2,717 
Cell site equipment
7-30
3,492 4,381 
Office furniture and equipment
3-10
242 272 
Other operating assets and equipment
1-12
240 240 
System development
1-7
2,267 2,214 
Work in processN/A554 653 
Total property, plant and equipment, gross 14,363 15,612 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (9,369)(10,550)
Total property, plant and equipment, net $4,994 $5,062 
Depreciation and amortization expense totaled $891 million, $865 million and $882 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
v3.25.0.1
Leases
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases
Note 11 Leases
Lessee Agreements
TDS’ most significant leases are for land and tower spaces, network facilities, retail spaces, and offices, substantially all of which are classified as operating leases. Many of TDS' leases include renewal and early termination options. Lease terms include options to extend or terminate when it is reasonably certain that TDS will exercise the option.
TDS has recognized a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability that represents the present value of TDS’ obligation to make payments over the lease term. The present value of the lease payments is calculated using an incremental borrowing rate, which was determined using a portfolio approach based on TDS' unsecured rates, adjusted to approximate the rates at which TDS would be required to borrow on a collateralized basis over a term similar to the recognized lease term.
Lease and nonlease components are accounted for separately and the cost of nonlease components (e.g., utilities and common area maintenance) are typically expensed as incurred at their relative standalone price.
TDS recognizes variable lease expense related to lease payments that were not originally included in the lease liability calculation, which primarily relate to lease payment escalations that are tied to an index, real estate taxes, and additional payments linked to performance.
The following table shows the components of lease cost included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)
Operating lease cost$213 $207 $206 
Variable lease cost14 13 12 
Total$227 $220 $218 
The following table shows supplemental cash flow information related to lease activities:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: 
Operating cash flows from operating leases$224 $213 $204 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases$178 $168 $125 
The table below shows a weighted-average analysis for lease terms and discount rates for operating leases:
December 31,20242023
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term13 years12 years
Weighted Average Discount Rate4.7 %4.3 %
The maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:
 Operating Leases
(Dollars in millions)
2025$195 
2026168 
2027143 
2028121 
202991 
Thereafter720 
Total lease payments1
$1,438 
Less: Imputed interest418 
Present value of lease liabilities$1,020 
1    Lease payments exclude $27 million of legally binding lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced.
Lessor Agreements
TDS’ most significant lessor leases are for tower space, all of which are classified as operating leases. Many of TDS’ leases include renewal and early termination options. Lease terms include options to extend or terminate when it is reasonably certain that the lessee will exercise the option.
Lessor agreements with lease and nonlease components are generally accounted for separately.
TDS recognizes variable lease income related to lease payments that were not originally included in the lease receivable calculation, which primarily relate to lease payment escalations that are tied to an index.
The following table shows the components of lease income which are included in Service revenues in the Consolidated Statement of Operations:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)
Operating lease income$121 $127 $120 
The maturities of expected lease payments to be received are as follows:
 Operating Leases
(Dollars in millions)
2025$89 
202679 
202761 
202847 
202927 
Thereafter19 
Total future lease maturities$322 
v3.25.0.1
Asset Retirement Obligations
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Asset Retirement Obligation [Abstract]  
Asset Retirement Obligations
Note 12 Asset Retirement Obligations
UScellular is subject to asset retirement obligations associated with certain cell sites, land, switching offices, retail stores and office locations.
TDS Telecom owns poles, cable and wire and certain buildings and also leases office space and property used for housing central office switching equipment and fiber cable. These assets and leases often have removal or remediation requirements.
Asset retirement obligations are included in Other deferred liabilities and credits in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 
In 2024 and 2023, UScellular and TDS Telecom performed a review of the assumptions and estimated future costs related to asset retirement obligations. The results of the reviews and other changes in asset retirement obligations during 2024 and 2023, were as follows:
 20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Balance at beginning of year$556 $524 
Additional liabilities accrued25 10 
Revisions in estimated cash outflows9 (3)
Disposition of assets(11)(4)
Accretion expense29 29 
Balance at end of year$608 $556 
v3.25.0.1
Debt
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Debt
Note 13 Debt
Revolving Credit Agreements
At December 31, 2024, TDS and UScellular had unsecured revolving credit agreements available for general corporate purposes. Amounts under the agreements may be borrowed, repaid and reborrowed from time to time until maturity in July 2026. 
The following table summarizes the unsecured revolving credit agreements as of December 31, 2024:
 TDSUScellular
(Dollars in millions)  
Maximum borrowing capacity$400 $300 
Letters of credit outstanding$1 $— 
Amount borrowed and outstanding$— $— 
Amount available for use$399 $300 
During 2024, TDS borrowed $100 million and repaid $200 million under its revolving credit agreement.
Borrowings under the TDS and UScellular revolving credit agreements bear interest at a rate of Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) plus 1.60%. TDS and UScellular may select a borrowing period of either one, two, three or six months (or other period of twelve months or less if requested by TDS or UScellular and approved by the lenders). TDS’ and UScellular’s credit spread and commitment fees on their revolving credit agreements may be subject to increase if their current credit ratings from nationally recognized credit rating agencies are lowered, and may be subject to decrease if the ratings are raised. 
Unsecured Term Loan Agreements
The following tables summarizes the unsecured term loan credit agreements as of December 31, 2024:
TDSTerm Loan 1Term Loan 2
Term Loan 31
Total
(Dollars in millions)
Maximum borrowing capacity$200 $300 $375 $875 
Amount borrowed and outstanding$194 $293 $298 $785 
Amount borrowed and repaid$6 $7 $2 $15 
Amount available for use$— $— $75 $75 
Interest rate
SOFR plus 2.10%
SOFR plus 2.60%
SOFR plus 7.00%
Maturity dateJuly 2028July 2031May 2029
Quarterly installments
$0.5 million from December 2021 to maturity date
$0.75 million from December 2022 to September 2026; $2 million from December 2026 to maturity date
Outstanding borrowings multiplied by 0.25% from September 2024 to maturity date
1TDS entered into an unsecured term loan credit agreement in May 2024. The agreement requires TDS to make prepayments of the outstanding borrowings to the extent TDS receives cash proceeds in excess of prescribed thresholds from certain transactions as more fully described in the agreement.
UScellular
Term Loan 11
Term Loan 2Term Loan 3Total
(Dollars in millions)
Maximum borrowing capacity$300 $300 $200 $800 
Amount borrowed and outstanding$237 $290 $196 $723 
Amount borrowed and repaid$63 $10 $4 $77 
Amount available for use$— $— $— $— 
Interest rate
SOFR plus 1.60%
SOFR plus 2.10%
SOFR plus 2.60%
Maturity dateJuly 2026July 2028July 2031
Quarterly installments
$4 million from March 2024 to December 2025; $8 million from March 2026 to maturity date
$0.75 million from December 2021 to maturity date
$0.5 million from December 2022 to September 2026; $1 million from December 2026 to maturity date
1During 2024, UScellular repaid $40 million, in addition to required quarterly installments, under its term loan agreement due July 2026.
Secured Term Loan Agreement
At December 31, 2024, TDS had a $300 million senior secured term loan credit agreement. In February 2025, TDS amended the agreement to extend the maturity date to the earlier of (i) September 2026 and (ii) the scheduled maturity date of TDS' existing revolving credit agreement (which maturity date is currently July 2026). The agreement requires TDS to make prepayments of the outstanding borrowings to the extent TDS receives cash proceeds in excess of prescribed thresholds from certain transactions as more fully described in the agreement. Borrowings under the agreement bear interest at a rate of SOFR plus 2.00%, which increases at certain dates throughout the term of the agreement. As of December 31, 2024, TDS has borrowed the full amount available under the agreement.
This term loan is secured by a perfected security interest in certain assets of TDS, including 26 million common shares in UScellular, TDS' equity interest in certain wholly-owned subsidiaries, and all or substantially all of TDS' personal property that does not constitute equity interests. This term loan is also secured by a perfected security interest in certain assets of certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of TDS that are also guarantors, including without limitation and subject to customary exceptions, equity interests in certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of such subsidiaries and all or substantially all of the personal property of such guarantor subsidiaries that does not consist of equity interests. This agreement includes representations and warranties, covenants, events of default and other terms and conditions that are substantially similar to TDS' existing term loan and revolving credit agreements or otherwise customary for similar secured credit facilities.
Export Credit Financing Agreements
At December 31, 2024, TDS and UScellular had $150 million term loan credit facilities with Export Development Canada to finance (or refinance) imported equipment, including equipment purchased prior to entering the term loan credit facility agreement. Borrowings for the agreements bear interest at a rate of SOFR plus 1.60% and are due and payable on the five-year anniversary of the first borrowing, which is in December 2027 for TDS and January 2027 for UScellular. As of December 31, 2024, TDS and UScellular have both borrowed the full amount available under the agreement.
Receivables Securitization Agreement
At December 31, 2024, UScellular, through its subsidiaries, had a $450 million receivables securitization agreement that permits securitized borrowings using its equipment installment plan receivables. Amounts under the agreement may be borrowed, repaid and reborrowed from time to time until September 2025. Unless the agreement is amended to extend the maturity date, repayments based on receivable collections commence in October 2025. The outstanding borrowings bear interest at a rate of the lender's cost of funds (which has historically tracked closely to SOFR) plus 1.15%. During 2024, UScellular borrowed $40 million and repaid $188 million under the agreement. As of December 31, 2024, the outstanding borrowings under the agreement were $2 million and classified as Current portion of long-term debt in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, and the unused borrowing capacity was $448 million, subject to sufficient collateral to satisfy the asset borrowing base provisions of the agreement. As of December 31, 2024, the USCC Master Note Trust held $94 million of assets available to be pledged as collateral for the receivables securitization agreement.
In connection with entering into the receivables securitization agreement in 2017, UScellular formed a wholly-owned subsidiary, USCC Master Note Trust (Trust), which qualifies as a bankruptcy remote entity. Under the terms of the agreement, UScellular, through its subsidiaries, transfers eligible equipment installment receivables to the Trust. The Trust then utilizes the transferred assets as collateral for notes payables issued to third-party financial institutions. Since UScellular retains effective control of the transferred assets in the Trust, any activity associated with this receivables securitization agreement will be treated as a secured borrowing. Therefore, TDS will continue to report equipment installment receivables and any related balances on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Cash received from borrowings under the receivables securitization agreement will be reported as Debt. Refer to Note 16 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.
Debt Covenants and Other
The TDS and UScellular revolving credit agreements, term loan agreements including the secured term loan, export credit financing agreements and the UScellular receivables securitization agreement require TDS or UScellular, as applicable, to comply with certain affirmative and negative covenants, which include certain financial covenants that may restrict the borrowing capacity available. TDS and UScellular are required to maintain the Consolidated Leverage Ratio as of the end of any fiscal quarter at a level not to exceed the following: 4.25 to 1.00 from January 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024; 4.00 to 1.00 from April 1, 2024 through March 31, 2025; 3.75 to 1.00 from April 1, 2025 and thereafter. TDS and UScellular are also required to maintain the Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio at a level not lower than 3.00 to 1.00 as of the end of any fiscal quarter. TDS and UScellular believe they were in compliance as of December 31, 2024 with all such financial covenants.
The TDS term loan agreement with maturity date May 2029 requires TDS to comply with certain affirmative and negative covenants, which includes a financial covenant that may restrict the borrowing capacity available. TDS is required to maintain the Consolidated Leverage Ratio as of the end of any fiscal quarter at a level not to exceed the following: 4.50 to 1.00 from April 1, 2024 through March 31, 2025; 4.25 to 1.00 from April 1, 2025 and thereafter. TDS believes that it was in compliance as of December 31, 2024 with such financial covenant.
In connection with UScellular’s revolving credit agreements, UScellular term loan agreements and the UScellular export credit financing agreement, TDS and UScellular entered into subordination agreements together with the administrative agents for the lenders under each agreement. Pursuant to these subordination agreements, (a) any consolidated funded indebtedness from UScellular to TDS will be unsecured and (b) any (i) consolidated funded indebtedness from UScellular to TDS (other than “refinancing indebtedness” as defined in the subordination agreements) in excess of $105 million and (ii) refinancing indebtedness in excess of $250 million will be subordinated and made junior in right of payment to the prior payment in full of obligations to the lenders under each agreement. As of December 31, 2024, UScellular had no outstanding consolidated funded indebtedness or refinancing indebtedness that was subordinated to each agreement pursuant to the subordination agreements.
Certain TDS and UScellular wholly-owned subsidiaries have jointly and severally unconditionally guaranteed the payment and performance of the obligations of TDS and UScellular under the revolving credit agreements, term loan agreements and export credit agreements. Other subsidiaries that meet certain criteria will be required to provide a similar guaranty in the future. UScellular entered into a performance guaranty whereby UScellular guarantees the performance of certain wholly-owned subsidiaries under the receivables securitization agreement and repurchase agreement.
Other Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, was as follows:
    December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
 
Issuance
date
Maturity
date
Call
date (any
time on
or after)
Principal
Amount
Less
Unamortized
discount
and debt
issuance
costs		Total
Principal
Amount
Less
Unamortized
discount
and debt
issuance
costs
Total
(Dollars in millions)        
UScellular Unsecured Senior Notes
6.70%Dec 2003
and
June 2004		Dec 2033Dec 2003
and
June 2004		$544 $10 $534 $544 $11 $533 
6.25%Aug 2020Sep 2069Sep 2025500 17 483 500 17 483 
5.50%Dec 2020Mar 2070Mar 2026500 17 483 500 17 483 
5.50%May 2021Jun 2070Jun 2026500 16 484 500 16 484 
UScellular Unsecured Term Loans723 4 719 783 4 779 
TDS Unsecured Term Loans785 16 769 492 4 488 
TDS Secured Term Loan300 2 298 300 3 297 
UScellular EIP Securitization2 — 2 150 — 150 
TDS Export Credit Financing150 — 150 150 — 150 
UScellular Export Credit Financing150 — 150 150 1 149 
TDS Revolving Credit— — — 100 — 100 
Finance lease obligations7 — 7 6 — 6 
Other long-term notes 3 — 3 4 — 4 
Total long-term debt $4,164 $82 $4,082 $4,179 $73 $4,106 
Long-term debt, current $31 $26 
Long-term debt, noncurrent $4,051 $4,080 
UScellular may redeem its 6.25% Senior Notes, 5.5% March 2070 Senior Notes and 5.5% June 2070 Senior Notes, in whole or in part at any time after the respective call date, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest. UScellular may redeem the 6.7% Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at any time prior to maturity at a redemption price equal to the greater of (a) 100% of the principal amount of such notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, or (b) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest thereon discounted to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis at the Treasury Rate plus 30 basis points.
Interest on the Senior Notes outstanding at December 31, 2024, is payable quarterly, with the exception of UScellular's 6.7% Senior Notes for which interest is payable semi-annually. 
The annual requirements for principal payments on long-term debt are approximately $31 million, $539 million, $322 million, $485 million and $299 million for the years 2025 through 2029, respectively. The 2025 amount includes repayment of $2 million of outstanding borrowings under the receivables securitization agreement. If the maturity date of the facility is not extended, principal repayments begin in October 2025. If the T-Mobile transaction is consummated, TDS expects to repay outstanding borrowings under certain long-term debt obligations.
The covenants associated with TDS and its subsidiaries’ long-term debt obligations, among other things, restrict TDS’ ability, subject to certain exclusions, to incur additional liens and enter into certain transactions.
UScellular’s long-term debt notes do not contain any provisions resulting in acceleration of the maturities of outstanding debt in the event of a change in UScellular’s credit rating.
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefits Plans
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Employee Benefit Plans
Note 14 Employee Benefit Plans
Defined Contribution Plans
TDS sponsors a qualified noncontributory defined contribution pension plan that provides benefits for certain employees of TDS Corporate, TDS Telecom and UScellular. Under this plan, pension costs are calculated separately for each participant and are funded annually. Total pension costs were $17 million, $16 million and $17 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In addition, TDS sponsors a defined contribution retirement savings plan (401(k) plan). Total costs incurred from TDS’ contributions to the 401(k) plan were $28 million, $29 million and $28 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
TDS also sponsors an unfunded nonqualified deferred supplemental executive retirement plan for certain employees to offset the reduction of benefits caused by the limitation on annual employee compensation under the tax laws.
Other Post-Retirement Benefits
TDS sponsors a defined benefit post-retirement plan that provides medical benefits to retirees and that covers certain employees of TDS Corporate and TDS Telecom, which is not significant to TDS’ financial position or operating results. The plan is contributory, with retiree contributions adjusted annually. TDS recognizes the funded status of the plan as a component of Other assets and deferred charges in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Changes in the funded status are included in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the Consolidated Balance Sheet before affecting such amounts for income taxes to the extent that such changes are not recognized in earnings as a component of net periodic benefit cost. 
The post-retirement benefit fund invests mainly in mutual funds that hold U.S. equities, international equities, and debt securities. The post-retirement benefit fund does not hold any debt or equity securities issued by TDS, UScellular or any related parties. The fair value of the plan assets of the post-retirement benefit fund was $84 million and $71 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The total plan benefit obligations were $39 million as of both December 31, 2024 and 2023. Therefore, the total funded status was an asset of $45 million and $32 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
TDS is not required to set aside current funds for its future retiree health insurance benefits. The decision to contribute to the plan assets is based upon several factors, including the funded status of the plan, market conditions, alternative investment opportunities, tax benefits and other circumstances. In accordance with applicable income tax regulations, annual contributions to fund the costs of future retiree medical benefits may not exceed certain thresholds. TDS does not expect to make a contribution to the plan in 2025, unless its funding needs change.
v3.25.0.1
Commitments And Contingencies
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies
Note 15 Commitments and Contingencies
Indemnifications
TDS enters into agreements in the normal course of business that provide for indemnification of counterparties. The terms of the indemnifications vary by agreement. The events or circumstances that would require TDS to perform under these indemnities are transaction specific; however, these agreements may require TDS to indemnify the counterparty for costs and losses incurred from litigation or claims arising from the underlying transaction. TDS is unable to estimate the maximum potential liability for these types of indemnifications as the amounts are dependent on the outcome of future events, the nature and likelihood of which cannot be determined at this time. Historically, TDS has not made any significant indemnification payments under such agreements.
Legal Proceedings
TDS is involved or may be involved from time to time in legal proceedings before the FCC, other regulatory authorities, and/or various state and federal courts. TDS had no material accruals with respect to legal proceedings and unasserted claims as of both December 31, 2024 and 2023. 
In April 2018, the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) notified TDS that it was conducting inquiries of UScellular and TDS under the federal False Claims Act relating to UScellular’s participation in wireless spectrum license auctions 58, 66, 73 and 97 conducted by the FCC. UScellular is or was a limited partner in several limited partnerships which qualified for the 25% bid credit in each auction. The investigation arose from two civil actions under the Federal False Claims Act brought by private parties in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma. In November and December 2019, following the DOJ’s investigation, the DOJ informed TDS and UScellular that it would not intervene in the above-referenced actions. Subsequently, the private party plaintiffs decided to continue the actions on their own. In July 2020, these actions were transferred to the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. In March 2023, the District Court for the District of Columbia granted UScellular’s motions to dismiss both actions. The private party plaintiffs appealed the district court’s orders granting the motions to dismiss. On February 11, 2025, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit affirmed the dismissal of one matter, while the second matter remains pending before the appellate court. TDS and UScellular believe that UScellular’s arrangements with the limited partnerships and the limited partnerships’ participation in the FCC auctions complied with applicable law and FCC rules. At this time, TDS cannot predict the outcome of the matter remaining before the appellate court.
On May 2, 2023, a putative stockholder class action was filed against TDS and UScellular and certain current and former officers and directors in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois. An Amended Complaint was filed on September 1, 2023, which names TDS, UScellular, and certain current UScellular officers and directors as defendants, and alleges that certain public statements made between May 6, 2022 and November 3, 2022 (the potential class period) regarding, among other things, UScellular’s business strategies to address subscriber demand, violated Section 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The plaintiff seeks to represent a class of stockholders who purchased TDS equity securities during the potential class period and demands unspecified money damages.
On June 18, 2024, a stockholder derivative lawsuit was filed in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, Chancery Division against UScellular, certain TDS and UScellular directors and officers, and nominal defendant TDS. The derivative lawsuit takes issue with the same public statements made between May 6, 2022 and November 3, 2022, alleging that the fact that the statements were made was a breach of fiduciary duty on the part of the officer and director defendants, and bringing claims for indemnification and contribution against the officer and director defendants and UScellular. In addition to indemnification and contribution, the plaintiff seeks money damages and the implementation of certain governance proposals.
On January 31, 2025, a second stockholder derivative lawsuit was filed in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, Chancery Division against certain TDS and UScellular directors and officers, and nominal defendant TDS. The derivative lawsuit makes similar claims as in the derivative lawsuit filed in 2024, and seeks similar relief.
TDS is unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of these actions would have a material impact on its results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows. TDS intends to contest plaintiffs’ claims vigorously on the merits.
v3.25.0.1
Variable Interest Entities
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Variable Interest Entities [Abstract]  
Variable Interest Entities
Note 16 Variable Interest Entities
Consolidated VIEs
TDS consolidates VIEs in which it has a controlling financial interest as defined by GAAP, and is therefore deemed the primary beneficiary. TDS reviews the criteria for a controlling financial interest at the time it enters into agreements and subsequently when events warranting reconsideration occur. These VIEs have risks similar to those described in the “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K.
UScellular formed USCC EIP LLC (Seller/Sub-Servicer), USCC Receivables Funding LLC (Transferor) and the USCC Master Note Trust (Trust), collectively the special purpose entities (SPEs), to facilitate a securitized borrowing using its equipment installment plan receivables. Under a Receivables Sale Agreement, UScellular wholly-owned, majority-owned and unconsolidated entities, collectively referred to as “affiliated entities”, transfer device equipment installment plan contracts to the Seller/Sub-Servicer. The Seller/Sub-Servicer aggregates device equipment installment plan contracts, and performs servicing, collection and all other administrative activities related to accounting for the equipment installment plan contracts. The Seller/Sub-Servicer sells the eligible equipment installment plan receivables to the Transferor, a bankruptcy remote entity, which subsequently sells the receivables to the Trust. The Trust, which is bankruptcy remote and isolated from the creditors of UScellular, will be responsible for issuing asset-backed variable funding notes (Notes), which are collateralized by the equipment installment plan receivables owned by the Trust. Given that UScellular has the power to direct the activities of these SPEs, and that these SPEs lack sufficient equity to finance their activities, UScellular is deemed to have a controlling financial interest in the SPEs, and therefore consolidates them. All transactions with third parties (e.g., issuance of the asset-backed variable funding notes) will be accounted for as a secured borrowing due to the pledging of equipment installment plan contracts as collateral, significant continuing involvement in the transferred assets, subordinated interests of the cash flows, and continued evidence of control of the receivables. Refer to Note 13 — Debt, Receivables Securitization Agreement for additional details regarding the securitization agreement for which these entities were established.
The following VIEs were formed to participate in FCC auctions of wireless spectrum licenses and to fund, establish, and provide wireless service with respect to any FCC wireless spectrum licenses won in the auctions:
▪Advantage Spectrum, L.P. (Advantage Spectrum) and Sunshine Spectrum, Inc., the general partner of Advantage Spectrum; and
▪King Street Wireless, L.P. (King Street Wireless) and King Street Wireless, Inc., the general partner of King Street Wireless.

These particular VIEs are collectively referred to as designated entities. The power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of these VIEs is shared. Specifically, the general partner of these VIEs has the exclusive right to manage, operate and control the limited partnerships and make all decisions to carry on the business of the partnerships. The general partner of each partnership needs the consent of the limited partner, an indirect TDS subsidiary, to sell or lease certain wireless spectrum licenses, to make certain large expenditures, admit other partners or liquidate the limited partnerships. Although the power to direct the activities of these VIEs is shared, TDS has the most significant level of exposure to the variability associated with the economic performance of the VIEs, indicating that TDS is the primary beneficiary of the VIEs. Therefore, in accordance with GAAP, these VIEs are consolidated into the TDS financial statements.
TDS also consolidates other VIEs that are limited partnerships that provide wireless service. A limited partnership is a variable interest entity unless the limited partners hold substantive participating rights or kick-out rights over the general partner. For certain limited partnerships, UScellular is the general partner and manages the operations. In these partnerships, the limited partners do not have substantive kick-out or participating rights and, further, such limited partners do not have the authority to remove the general partner. Therefore, these limited partnerships also are recognized as VIEs and are consolidated into the TDS financial statements under the variable interest model.
The following table presents the classification and balances of the consolidated VIEs’ assets and liabilities in TDS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet.

December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Assets  
Cash and cash equivalents$51 $24 
Accounts receivable639 631 
Inventory, net5 4 
Other current assets16 30 
Licenses639 639 
Property, plant and equipment, net113 123 
Operating lease right-of-use assets46 43 
Other assets and deferred charges446 494 
Total assets$1,955 $1,988 
Liabilities
Current liabilities$34 $34 
Long-term operating lease liabilities39 38 
Other deferred liabilities and credits27 26 
Total liabilities1
$100 $98 
1Total liabilities does not include amounts borrowed under the receivables securitization agreement. See Note 13 — Debt for additional information.
Unconsolidated VIEs
TDS manages the operations of and holds a variable interest in certain other limited partnerships, but is not the primary beneficiary of these entities, and therefore does not consolidate them into the TDS financial statements under the variable interest model.
TDS’ total investment in these unconsolidated entities was $5 million and $6 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and is included in Investments in unconsolidated entities in TDS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet. The maximum exposure from unconsolidated VIEs is limited to the investment held by TDS in those entities.
Other Related Matters
TDS made contributions, loans or advances to its VIEs totaling $331 million, $306 million and $282 million during 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively; of which $285 million, $271 million and $249 million, in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively are related to USCC EIP LLC as discussed above. TDS may agree to make additional capital contributions and/or advances to these or other VIEs and/or to their general partners to provide additional funding for their operations or the development of wireless spectrum licenses granted in various auctions. TDS may finance such amounts with a combination of cash on hand, borrowings under its revolving credit or receivables securitization agreements and/or other long-term debt. There is no assurance that TDS will be able to obtain additional financing on commercially reasonable terms or at all to provide such financial support.
v3.25.0.1
Noncontrolling Interests
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]  
Noncontrolling Interests
Note 17 Noncontrolling Interests
The following schedule discloses the effects of Net income (loss) attributable to TDS shareholders and changes in TDS’ ownership interest in UScellular on TDS’ equity:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS shareholders$(28)$(500)$62 
Transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests
Change in TDS’ Capital in excess of par value from UScellular's issuance of UScellular shares(43)(33)(19)
Change in TDS’ Capital in excess of par value from UScellular’s repurchases of UScellular shares(4)— 35 
Net transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests(47)(33)16 
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS shareholders after transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests$(75)$(533)$78 
Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Finite-Lived Subsidiaries
TDS’ consolidated financial statements include certain noncontrolling interests that meet the GAAP definition of mandatorily redeemable financial instruments. These mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests represent interests held by third parties in consolidated partnerships, where the terms of the underlying partnership agreement provide for a defined termination date at which time the assets of the subsidiary are to be sold, the liabilities are to be extinguished and the remaining net proceeds are to be distributed to the noncontrolling interest holders and TDS in accordance with the respective partnership agreements. The termination dates of these mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests range from 2085 to 2092.
The estimated aggregate amount that would be due and payable to settle all of these noncontrolling interests, assuming an orderly liquidation of the finite-lived consolidated partnerships on December 31, 2024, net of estimated liquidation costs, is $21 million. This amount excludes redemption amounts recorded in Noncontrolling interests with redemption features in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The estimate of settlement value was based on certain factors and assumptions which are subjective in nature. Changes in those factors and assumptions could result in a materially larger or smaller settlement amount. The corresponding carrying value of the mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests in finite-lived consolidated partnerships at December 31, 2024, was $6 million, and is included in Noncontrolling interests in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The excess of the aggregate settlement value over the aggregate carrying value of these mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests is due primarily to the unrecognized appreciation of the noncontrolling interest holders’ share of the underlying net assets and operations of the consolidated partnerships. Neither the noncontrolling interest holders’ share, nor TDS’ share, of the appreciation of the underlying net assets and operations of these subsidiaries is reflected in the consolidated financial statements.
v3.25.0.1
Shareholders' Equity
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Shareholders' Equity
Note 18 Shareholders’ Equity
Common Stock
Series A Common Shares are convertible on a share-for-share basis into Common Shares. In matters other than the election of directors, each Series A Common Share is entitled to ten votes per share, compared to one vote for each Common Share. The Series A Common Shares are entitled to elect eight directors, and the Common Shares elect four. TDS has reserved 7,534,000 Common Shares at December 31, 2024, for possible issuance upon conversion of Series A Common Shares.
On August 2, 2013, the Board of Directors of TDS authorized a $250 million stock repurchase program for the purchase of TDS Common Shares from time to time pursuant to open market purchases, block transactions, private purchases or otherwise, depending on market conditions. This authorization does not have an expiration date. As of December 31, 2024, the maximum dollar value of TDS Common Shares that may yet be purchased under TDS' program was $132 million.
In November 2009, UScellular announced by Form 8-K that the Board of Directors of UScellular authorized the repurchase of up to 1,300,000 Common Shares on an annual basis beginning in 2009 and continuing each year thereafter, on a cumulative basis. In December 2016, the UScellular Board amended this authorization to provide that, beginning on January 1, 2017, the authorized repurchase amount with respect to a particular year will be any amount from zero to 1,300,000 Common Shares, as determined by the Pricing Committee of the Board of Directors, and that if the Pricing Committee did not specify an amount for any year, such amount would be zero for such year. The Pricing Committee has not specified any increase in the authorization since that time. The Pricing Committee also was authorized to decrease the cumulative amount of the authorization at any time, but has not taken any action to do so at this time. During 2024, UScellular repurchased 939,999 Common Shares for $55 million at an average cost per share of $58.06. As of December 31, 2024, the total cumulative amount of Common Shares authorized to be purchased is 986,942. The authorization provides that share repurchases will be made pursuant to open market purchases, block purchases, private purchases, or otherwise, depending on market prices and other conditions. This authorization does not have an expiration date.
Preferred Stock
In March 2021, TDS issued 16,800 shares of TDS’ 6.625% Series UU Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock (Preferred Shares) for $25,000 per Preferred Share. The Preferred Shares were issued to a depositary to facilitate the issuance of 16,800,000 depositary shares (Depositary Shares), each representing 1/1,000th of a Preferred Share.
In August 2021, TDS issued 27,600 shares of TDS’ 6.000% Series VV Preferred Shares for $25,000 per Preferred Share. The Preferred Shares were issued to a depositary to facilitate the issuance of 27,600,000 Depositary Shares, each representing 1/1,000th of a Preferred Share.
Each holder of Depositary Shares is entitled to a proportional fractional interest in all rights and preferences of the Preferred Shares, including dividend, voting, redemption and liquidation rights. The Preferred Shares have no maturity or mandatory redemption date and are not redeemable at the option of the holders.
Dividends on the Preferred Shares, when declared, are payable quarterly at a rate equal to 6.625% per year for the Series UU Preferred Shares and 6.000% for the Series VV Preferred Shares. As of December 31, 2023, there were no dividends in arrears. The Preferred Shares rank senior to TDS’ Common Shares and junior to all of TDS’ existing and future indebtedness outstanding under TDS’ credit facilities and unsecured senior notes. The Series VV Preferred Shares rank on parity with the Series UU Preferred Shares. Upon voluntary or involuntary liquidation, holders of Preferred Shares are entitled to a liquidating distribution of $25,000 per Preferred Share after satisfaction of liabilities and obligations to creditors. The Preferred Shares have voting rights only if certain limited conditions are met.
TDS may, at its option, redeem the Series UU Preferred Shares (a) in whole or in part, on or after March 31, 2026 at a redemption price of $25,000 per Preferred Share, or (b) in whole but not in part, any time prior to March 31, 2026, within 120 days after a credit rating downgrade as specified in the offering prospectus, at a redemption price of $25,500 per Preferred Share, or (c) in whole or in part, within 120 days of the occurrence of a change in control as specified in the offering prospectus, at a redemption price of $25,000 per Preferred Share, plus, in each case, all accumulated and unpaid dividends (whether or not declared) up to the redemption date.
TDS may, at its option, redeem the Series VV Preferred Shares (a) in whole or in part, on or after September 30, 2026 at a redemption price of $25,000 per Preferred Share, or (b) in whole but not in part, any time prior to September 30, 2026, within 120 days after a credit rating downgrade as specified in the offering prospectus, at a redemption price of $25,500 per Preferred Share, or (c) in whole or in part, within 120 days of the occurrence of a change in control as specified in the offering prospectus, at a redemption price of $25,000 per Preferred Share, plus, in each case, all accumulated and unpaid dividends (whether or not declared) up to the redemption date.
The Preferred Shares are convertible, at the option of the holder, to shares of TDS Common Shares upon a change of control as specified in the offering prospectus. The conversion right is the lesser of (a) Common Shares equal to $25,000 per Preferred Share plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends, divided by the TDS Common Stock price, or (b) 2,773.200 Common Shares for each Series UU Preferred Share and 2,584.000 Common Shares for each Series VV Preferred Share, which represents one-half the conversion rate at the time of closing. In both cases, certain other adjustments and provisions may impact the conversion.
Tax-Deferred Savings Plan
At December 31, 2024, TDS has reserved 916,000 Common Shares for issuance under the TDS Tax-Deferred Savings Plan, a qualified profit‑sharing plan pursuant to Sections 401(a) and 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Participating employees have the option of investing their contributions in a TDS Common Share fund, a UScellular Common Share fund or certain unaffiliated funds.
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation
Note 19 Stock-Based Compensation
TDS Consolidated
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense recognized during 2024, 2023 and 2022:

Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Stock option awards$— $— $1 
Restricted stock unit awards41 32 28 
Performance share unit awards28 7 11 
Awards under Non-Employee Director compensation plan2 2 2 
Total stock-based compensation, before income taxes71 41 42 
Income tax benefit(18)(10)(11)
Total stock-based compensation expense, net of income taxes$53 $31 $31 
At December 31, 2024, unrecognized compensation cost for all stock‑based compensation awards was $64 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.7 years.
The following table provides a summary of the classification of stock-based compensation expense included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the years ended:

December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Selling, general and administrative expense$63 $36 $36 
Cost of services expense8 5 6 
Total stock-based compensation expense$71 $41 $42 
TDS’ tax benefits realized from the vesting of awards totaled $18 million in 2024.
TDS (Excluding UScellular)
The information in this section relates to stock‑based compensation plans using the equity instruments of TDS. Participants in these plans are employees of TDS Corporate and TDS Telecom and Non-employee Directors of TDS. Information related to plans using the equity instruments of UScellular are shown in the UScellular section following the TDS section.
Under the TDS Long-Term Incentive Plans, TDS may grant fixed and performance-based incentive and non-qualified stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and deferred compensation stock unit awards to key employees.
TDS had reserved 24,798,000 Common Shares at December 31, 2024, for equity awards granted and to be granted under the TDS Long-Term Incentive Plans in effect. At December 31, 2024, the only types of awards outstanding are fixed non-qualified stock option awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance share awards and deferred compensation stock unit awards.
TDS has also established a Non-Employee Directors’ compensation plan under which it has reserved 451,000 TDS Common Shares at December 31, 2024, for issuance as compensation to members of the Board of Directors who are not employees of TDS.
TDS uses treasury stock to satisfy requirements for shares issued pursuant to its various stock-based compensation plans.
Long-Term Incentive Plans – Restricted Stock Units
TDS grants restricted stock unit awards to key employees that vest after three years or one-third graded vesting each year. Each outstanding restricted stock unit is convertible into one Common Share Award. The restricted stock unit awards currently outstanding were granted in 2022, 2023 and 2024 and vest in 2025, 2026 and 2027.
TDS estimates the fair value of restricted stock units by reducing the grant-date price of TDS’ shares by the present value of the dividends expected to be paid on the underlying shares during the requisite service period, discounted at the appropriate risk-free interest rate, since employees are not entitled to dividends declared on the underlying shares while the restricted stock is unvested. The fair value is then recognized as compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period. 
A summary of TDS nonvested restricted stock units and changes during 2024 is presented in the table below:
Common Restricted Stock UnitsNumberWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 20233,635,000 $9.76 
Granted717,000 $20.12 
Vested(1,357,000)$12.87 
Forfeited(319,000)$11.50 
Nonvested at December 31, 20242,676,000 $11.75 
The total fair values as of the respective vesting dates of restricted stock units vested during 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $28 million, $4 million and $7 million, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value per share of the restricted stock units granted in 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $20.12, $5.23 and $15.34, respectively.
Long-Term Incentive Plans – Performance Share Units
TDS grants performance share units to certain TDS employees that generally vest after three years. For the 2022 grants, each recipient may be entitled to shares of TDS common stock equal to 0% to 200% of a communicated target award depending on the achievement of predetermined performance-based and market-based operating targets over three years. Performance-based operating targets for the 2022 TDS grants vary by business unit and may include Total Revenue, Return on Capital and Adjusted EBITDA. Market-based operating targets are measured against TDS’ total shareholder return relative to a defined peer group.
For the 2023 TDS grants, each recipient may be entitled to shares of TDS common stock equal to 0% to 160% or 0% to 150% of a communicated target award depending on the achievement of predetermined performance-based operating targets over the performance period, which is a one-year period from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023, and, for certain grants, a market-based operating target over the performance period, which is a three-year period from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2025. The performance-based operating targets for the 2023 TDS grants vary by business unit and may include UScellular’s 2023 Performance Award Payout Percentage, TDS Telecom’s 2023 Performance Award Payout Percentage, Total Revenue, Return on Capital and Adjusted EBITDA. The market-based operating target is measured against TDS’ total shareholder return relative to a defined peer group.
For the 2024 TDS grants, each recipient may be entitled to shares of TDS common stock equal to 0% to 192% or 0% to 200% of a communicated target award depending on the achievement of predetermined performance-based operating targets over the performance period, which is a one or two-year period from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2024 or 2025, and, for certain grants, a market-based operating target over the performance period, which is a three-year period from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2026. The performance-based operating targets for the 2024 TDS grants vary by business unit and may include UScellular’s 2024 Performance Award Payout Percentage, TDS Telecom’s 2024 Performance Award Payout Percentage, Total Revenue, Broadband Net Additions and Adjusted EBITDA. The market-based operating target is measured against TDS’ total shareholder return relative to a defined peer group.
Performance shares accumulate dividend equivalents, which are forfeitable if the performance metrics are not achieved. If the predetermined performance-based and market-based operating targets are met, the units granted in 2022, 2023 and 2024 will vest in 2025, 2026 and 2027, respectively.
TDS estimates fair value of performance-based operating targets using TDS’ closing stock price on the date of grant. An estimate of the number of performance units expected to vest based upon achieving the performance-based operating targets is made and the fair value is expensed on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Each reporting period during the performance period these estimates are reviewed and stock compensation expense is adjusted accordingly to reflect the new estimates of total units expected to vest. If any part of the performance share units do not vest as a result of the established performance-based operating targets not being achieved, the related stock compensation expense is reversed.
TDS estimates the market-based operating target’s fair value using an internally developed valuation model. This estimated fair value approximated TDS’ closing stock price at the date of grant for market-based share units granted in 2024, 2023 and 2022. This market-based operating target value determined at the date of grant is expensed on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period and the stock compensation expense is not adjusted during the performance period for the subsequent changes in the value of the market-based unit awards and will not be reversed even if the market-based operating target is not achieved.
TDS modified certain performance share unit awards in 2023, which resulted in the recognition of $2 million of incremental expense in 2023.
A summary of TDS nonvested performance share units and changes during 2024 is presented in the table below:
Common Performance Share UnitsNumberWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 20232,201,000 $12.17 
Granted468,000 $20.26 
Vested(192,000)$23.61 
Change in units based on approved performance factors69,000 $23.76 
Forfeited(500,000)$16.80 
Accumulated dividend equivalents31,000 $11.22 
Nonvested at December 31, 20242,077,000 $12.48 
The total fair value of performance share units that vested during 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $3 million, $5 million and $5 million, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value per share of the performance share units granted in 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $20.26, $7.14 and $17.42, respectively.
Long-Term Incentive Plan – Stock Options
TDS' last stock option grant occurred in 2021. Stock options outstanding at December 31, 2024, expire between 2025 and 2031.
A summary of TDS stock options and changes during 2024 is presented in the tables and narrative below.
Common Share Options
Number of OptionsWeighted Average Exercise Prices
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(in millions)
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life
(in years)
Outstanding at December 31, 20232,517,000 $26.72 
Exercised(357,000)$25.69 
Forfeited(4,000)$25.36 
Expired(543,000)$26.88 
Outstanding at December 31, 20241,613,000 $26.90 $12 2.9
(1,613,000 exercisable)$26.90 $12 2.9
The aggregate intrinsic value at December 31, 2024, presented in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between TDS’ closing stock prices and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by option holders had all options been exercised on December 31, 2024.
Long-Term Incentive Plans – Deferred Compensation Stock Units
Certain TDS employees may elect to defer receipt of all or a portion of their annual bonuses and to receive a company matching contribution on the amount deferred. All bonus compensation that is deferred by employees electing to participate is immediately vested and is deemed to be invested in TDS Common Share units. Participants receive a 25% stock unit match for amounts deferred up to 50% of their total annual bonus and a 33% match for amounts that exceed 50% of their total annual bonus; such matching contributions also are deemed to be invested in TDS Common Share units and vest over three years.
Compensation of Non-Employee Directors
TDS issued 49,000, 81,000 and 51,000 Common Shares under its Non-Employee Director plan in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Dividend Reinvestment Plans
TDS had reserved 2,075,000 Common Shares at December 31, 2024, for issuance under Automatic Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plans and 561,000 Series A Common Shares for issuance under the Series A Common Share Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan. These plans enabled holders of TDS’ Common Shares to reinvest cash dividends in Common Shares and holders of Series A Common Shares to reinvest cash dividends in Series A Common Shares. The purchase price of the shares is 95% of the market value, based on the average of the daily high and low sales prices for TDS’ Common Shares on the New York Stock Exchange for the ten trading days preceding the date on which the purchase is made. These plans are considered non-compensatory plans; therefore, no compensation expense is recognized for stock issued under these plans.
UScellular
The information in this section relates to stock‑based compensation plans using the equity instruments of UScellular. Participants in these plans are employees of UScellular and Non-employee Directors of UScellular. Information related to plans using the equity instruments of TDS are shown in the previous section.
UScellular has established the following stock‑based compensation plans: Long-Term Incentive Plans and a Non-Employee Director compensation plan.
Under the UScellular Long-Term Incentive Plans, UScellular may grant fixed and performance-based incentive and non-qualified stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and deferred compensation stock unit awards to key employees. At December 31, 2024, the only types of awards outstanding are fixed non-qualified stock option awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance share awards and deferred compensation stock unit awards.
Under the Non-Employee Director compensation plan, UScellular may grant Common Shares to members of the Board of Directors who are not employees of UScellular or TDS.
At December 31, 2024, UScellular had reserved 13,035,000 Common Shares for equity awards granted and to be granted under the Long-Term Incentive Plans and 480,000 Common Shares for issuance under the Non-Employee Director compensation plan.
UScellular uses treasury stock to satisfy requirements for Common Shares issued pursuant to its various stock-based compensation plans.
Long-Term Incentive Plans – Restricted Stock Units
UScellular grants restricted stock unit awards to key employees that generally vest after two years, three years or one-third graded vesting each year. Each outstanding restricted stock unit is convertible into one Common Share Award. The restricted stock unit awards currently outstanding were granted in 2022, 2023 and 2024 and vest in 2025, 2026 and 2027.
UScellular modified certain restricted stock unit awards in 2024, which resulted in the recognition of $4 million of incremental expense in 2024.
UScellular estimates the fair value of restricted stock units based on the closing market price of UScellular shares on the date of grant. The fair value is then recognized as compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period.
A summary of UScellular nonvested restricted stock units and changes during 2024 is presented in the table below:
Common Restricted Stock UnitsNumberWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 20232,548,000 $27.26 
Granted728,000 $35.67 
Vested(782,000)$31.98 
Forfeited(56,000)$27.68 
Nonvested at December 31, 20242,438,000 $29.01 
The total fair value of restricted stock units that vested during 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $28 million, $12 million and $9 million, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value per share of the restricted stock units granted in 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $35.67, $21.15 and $30.35, respectively.
Long-Term Incentive Plans – Performance Share Units
UScellular grants performance share units to key employees that generally vest after three years.
UScellular modified certain performance share unit awards in 2023, which resulted in the recognition of $10 million and $4 million of incremental expense in 2024 and 2023, respectively.
UScellular modified certain performance share unit awards in 2024, which resulted in the recognition of $6 million of incremental expense in 2024.
For the 2022 grants, each recipient may be entitled to shares of UScellular common stock equal to 75% to 200% of a communicated target award depending on the achievement of a predetermined Return on Capital target over the performance period, which is a three-year period from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2024. For the 2023 grants, each recipient may be entitled to shares of UScellular common stock equal to 0% to 150% of a communicated target award depending on the achievement of a predetermined Return on Capital target over the performance period, which is a one-year period from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. For the 2024 grants, each recipient may be entitled to shares of UScellular common stock equal to 0% to 175% of a communicated target award depending on the achievement of predetermined Return on Capital and Simple Free Cash Flow targets over the performance period, which is a one-year period from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2024. The performance share units currently outstanding were granted in 2022, 2023 and 2024 and will vest in 2025, 2026 and 2027, respectively.
Additionally, UScellular granted performance share units during 2020 to a newly appointed President and Chief Executive Officer. The recipient may be entitled to shares of UScellular common stock equal to 100% of the communicated target award depending on the achievement of predetermined performance-based operating targets over the performance period, which is any two calendar-year period commencing no earlier than January 1, 2021 and ending no later than December 31, 2026. Performance-based operating targets include Average Total Revenue Growth and Average Annual Return on Capital. If one, or both, of the performance targets are not satisfied, the award will be forfeited.
UScellular estimates the fair value of performance share units using UScellular’s closing stock price on the date of grant. An estimate of the number of performance share units expected to vest based upon achieving the performance-based operating targets is made and the aggregate fair value is expensed on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Each reporting period, during the performance period, the estimate of the number of performance share units expected to vest is reviewed and stock compensation expense is adjusted as appropriate to reflect the revised estimate of the aggregate fair value of the performance share units expected to vest. 
A summary of UScellular’s nonvested performance share units and changes during 2024 is presented in the table below:
Common Performance Share UnitsNumberWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 20231,457,000 $27.37 
Granted409,000 $36.59 
Vested(263,000)$20.06 
Change in units based on approved performance factors114,000 $23.06 
Forfeited(109,000)$21.35 
Nonvested at December 31, 20241,608,000 $31.91 
The total fair value of performance share units that vested during 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $9 million, $7 million and $6 million, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value per share of the performance share units granted in 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $36.59, $21.26 and $31.35, respectively.
Long-Term Incentive Plans – Stock Options
UScellular's last stock option grant occurred in 2016.
Stock options outstanding, and the related weighted average exercise price, at December 31, 2024 and 2023 were 41,000 units at $45.51 and 112,000 units at $44.34, respectively. All stock options are exercisable and expire between 2025 and 2026.
Long-Term Incentive Plans – Deferred Compensation Stock Units
Certain UScellular employees may elect to defer receipt of all or a portion of their annual bonuses and to receive a company matching contribution on the amount deferred. All bonus compensation that is deferred by employees electing to participate is immediately vested and is deemed to be invested in UScellular Common Share stock units. The amount of UScellular's matching contribution is a 33% match for the amount of their total annual bonus that is deferred into the program. Matching contributions are also deemed to be invested in UScellular Common Share stock units and vest over three years.
Compensation of Non-Employee Directors
UScellular issued 20,000, 36,000 and 22,000 Common Shares in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, under its Non-Employee Director compensation plan.
v3.25.0.1
Business Segment Information
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Business Segment Information
Note 20 Business Segment Information
UScellular and TDS Telecom are billed for services they receive from TDS, consisting primarily of information processing, accounting, finance, and general management services. Such billings are based on expenses specifically identified to UScellular and TDS Telecom and on allocations of common expenses. Management believes the method used to allocate common expenses is reasonable and that all expenses and costs applicable to UScellular and TDS Telecom are reflected in the accompanying business segment information.
During the second quarter of 2024, TDS and UScellular modified their reporting structure due to the planned disposal of the UScellular wireless operations and, as a result, disaggregated the UScellular operations into two reportable segments – Wireless and Towers. This presentation reflects how TDS' and UScellular's chief operating decision maker allocates resources and evaluates operating performance following this strategic shift. UScellular Wireless generates its revenues by providing wireless services and equipment. UScellular Towers generates its revenues by leasing tower space on UScellular-owned towers to other wireless carriers. TDS Telecom generates its revenues by providing broadband, video, voice and wireless services. The Towers segment records rental revenue and the Wireless segment records a related expense when the Wireless segment uses company-owned towers to locate its network equipment, using estimated market pricing - this revenue and expense is eliminated in consolidation. Prior periods have been updated to conform to the new reportable segments.
Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and accretion (Adjusted EBITDA) is the segment measure of profit or loss reported to the chief operating decision maker for purposes of assessing the segments' performance and making capital allocation decisions. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure that shows adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and accretion, gains and losses, and expenses related to the strategic alternatives review of UScellular. TDS believes Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure of TDS’ operating results before significant recurring non-cash charges, gains and losses, and other items as presented below as it provides additional relevant and useful information to investors and other users of TDS' financial data in evaluating the effectiveness of its operations and underlying business trends in a manner that is consistent with management's evaluation of business performance. TDS’ chief operating decision maker is its President and Chief Executive Officer.
Financial data for TDS’ reportable segments for 2024, 2023 and 2022, is as follows. See Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information.
Year Ended December 31, 2024UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomTotal
(Dollars in millions) 
Revenues from external customers$3,667 $103 $1,057 $4,827 
Intersegment revenues— 131 4 135 
3,667 234 1,061 4,962 
Reconciliation of revenue:
All Other revenues1
137 
Elimination of intersegment revenues(135)
Total operating revenues$4,964 
Less2:
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)777 78 400 
Cost of equipment and products906 — 1 
Selling, general and administrative1,298 32 320 
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review (included in Selling, general and administrative)(33)(2)— 
Other segment items— — (9)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP)$719 $126 $350 $1,195 
Reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to Income (loss) before income taxes:
All Other income (loss) before income taxes1
(118)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion(936)
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review (included in Selling, general and administrative)(35)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets(137)
Loss on asset disposals, net(30)
Gain on sale of business and other exit costs, net49 
Loss on license sales and exchanges, net(3)
Equity earnings of unconsolidated entities161 
Interest and dividend income12 
Interest expense(178)
Income (loss) before income taxes$(20)
Other segment disclosures
Year Ended or as of December 31, 2024UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomSegment TotalUScellular
All Other1
TDS Consolidated Total
Depreciation, amortization and accretion$(620)$(45)$(271)$(936)$(7)$(943)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets(136)— (1)(137)— (137)
Loss on asset disposals, net(17)(1)(12)(30)— (30)
Gain on sale of business and other exit costs, net— — 49 49 19 68 
Loss on license sales and exchanges, net(3)— — (3)— (3)
Investments in unconsolidated entities3
4 4 454 42 500 
Total assets4
2,911 2,911 10,449 322 13,682 
Capital expenditures$554 $23 $324 $901 $5 $906 
Year Ended December 31, 2023UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomTotal
(Dollars in millions) 
Revenues from external customers$3,805 $101 $1,024 $4,930 
Intersegment revenues— 127 4 131 
3,805 228 1,028 5,061 
Reconciliation of revenue:
All Other revenues1
230 
Elimination of intersegment revenues(131)
Total operating revenues$5,160 
Less2:
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)794 73 423 
Cost of equipment and products988 — — 
Selling, general and administrative1,334 34 326 
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review (included in Selling, general and administrative)(8)— — 
Other segment items— — (6)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP)$697 $121 $285 $1,103 
Reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to Income (loss) before income taxes:
All Other income (loss) before income taxes1
(79)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion(901)
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review (included in Selling, general and administrative)(8)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets(547)
Loss on asset disposals, net(27)
Gain on license sales and exchanges, net2 
Equity earnings of unconsolidated entities158 
Interest and dividend income10 
Interest expense(188)
Income (loss) before income taxes$(477)
Other segment disclosures
Year Ended or as of December 31, 2023UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomSegment TotalUScellular
All Other1
TDS Consolidated Total
Depreciation, amortization and accretion$(610)$(46)$(245)$(901)$(14)$(915)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets— — (547)(547)— (547)
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net(19)2 (10)(27)— (27)
Gain on license sales and exchanges, net2 — — 2 — 2 
Investments in unconsolidated entities3
4 4 461 40 505 
Total assets4
2,864 2,864 10,750 307 13,921 
Capital expenditures$580 $31 $577 $1,188 $9 $1,197 
Year Ended December 31, 2022UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomTotal
(Dollars in millions) 
Revenues from external customers$4,076 $93 $1,016 $5,185 
Intersegment revenues— 123 4 127 
4,076 216 1,020 5,312 
Reconciliation of revenue:
All Other revenues1
228 
Elimination of intersegment revenues(127)
Total operating revenues$5,413 
Less2:
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)807 71 418 
Cost of equipment and products1,216 — 1 
Selling, general and administrative1,376 32 313 
Other segment items— — (3)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP)$677 $113 $291 $1,081 
Reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to Income before income taxes:
All Other income (loss) before income taxes1
(23)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion(915)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets(3)
Loss on asset disposals, net(26)
Gain on sale of business and other exit costs, net1 
Equity earnings of unconsolidated entities158 
Interest and dividend income8 
Interest expense(156)
Income before income taxes$125 
Other segment disclosures
Year Ended or as of December 31, 2022UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomSegment TotalUScellular
All Other1
TDS Consolidated Total
Depreciation, amortization and accretion$(655)$(45)$(215)$(915)$(14)$(929)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets(3)— — (3)— (3)
Loss on asset disposals, net(19)— (7)(26)(1)(27)
Gain on sale of business and other exit costs, net1 — — 1 — 1 
Investments in unconsolidated entities3
4 4 452 39 495 
Total assets4
3,056 3,056 11,119 375 14,550 
Capital expenditures$689 $28 $556 $1,273 $12 $1,285 
Numbers may not foot due to rounding.
1"All Other" represents TDS' non-reportable other business activities that do not meet the quantitative thresholds for being a reportable segment.
2The significant segment expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. Intersegment expenses are included within the amounts shown.
3This item is not included in the evaluation of operating performance of the Wireless and Towers segments, and therefore is reported as "UScellular".
4Assets are not provided at the individual segment level for Wireless and Towers, and therefore is reported for "UScellular". The UScellular segments operate under a common capital structure, and management has historically considered its assets collectively as part of a combined wireless network.
v3.25.0.1
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]  
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
Note 21 Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
Following are supplemental cash flow disclosures regarding interest paid and income taxes paid.
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Interest paid$265 $235 $164 
Income taxes paid, net of (refunds received)4 (50)(119)
Following are supplemental cash flow disclosures regarding transactions related to stock-based compensation awards. In certain situations, TDS and UScellular withhold shares that are issuable upon the exercise of stock options or the vesting of restricted shares to cover, and with a value equivalent to, the exercise price and/or the amount of taxes required to be withheld from the stock award holder at the time of the exercise or vesting. TDS and UScellular then pay the amount of the required tax withholdings to the taxing authorities in cash.
TDS:   
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Common Shares withheld565,000 338,000 225,000 
Aggregate value of Common Shares withheld$11 $3 $4 
Cash receipts upon exercise of stock options9 — — 
Cash disbursements for payment of taxes(11)(3)(4)
Net cash receipts (disbursements) from exercise of stock options and vesting of other stock awards$(2)$(3)$(4)
UScellular:   
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Common Shares withheld363,000 347,000 154,000 
Aggregate value of Common Shares withheld$13 $9 $5 
Cash receipts upon exercise of stock options2 — — 
Cash disbursements for payment of taxes(13)(6)(5)
Net cash receipts (disbursements) from exercise of stock options and vesting of other stock awards$(11)$(6)$(5)
Software License Agreements
Certain software licenses are recorded as acquisitions of property, plant and equipment and the incurrence of a liability to the extent that the license fees are not fully paid at acquisition, and are treated as non-cash activity in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Such acquisitions of software licenses that are not reflected as Cash paid for additions to property, plant and equipment were $28 million, $25 million and $130 million for the years ended 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. At December 31, 2024, liabilities of $45 million and $19 million related to software license agreements were recorded to Other current liabilities and Other deferred liabilities and credits, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. At December 31, 2023, liabilities of $68 million and $36 million related to software license agreements were recorded to Other current liabilities and Other deferred liabilities and credits, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
v3.25.0.1
Certain Relationships And Related Transactions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
Note 22 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
Sidley Austin LLP performs legal services for TDS and its subsidiaries: Walter C. D. Carlson, TDS President and Chief Executive Officer as of February 1, 2025, a trustee and beneficiary of a voting trust that controls TDS, the executive Chair of the Board and member of the Board of Directors of TDS and a director of UScellular, a subsidiary of TDS, was formerly Senior Counsel at Sidley Austin LLP until January 31, 2025. John P. Kelsh, the General Counsel and/or an Assistant Secretary of TDS and certain subsidiaries of TDS is a partner at Sidley Austin LLP. Walter C. D. Carlson did not provide legal services to TDS or its subsidiaries. TDS, UScellular and their subsidiaries incurred legal costs from Sidley Austin LLP of $19 million, $16 million and $8 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of TDS is responsible for the review and evaluation of all related-party transactions as such term is defined by the rules of the New York Stock Exchange.
v3.25.0.1
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure      
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders $ (28) $ (500) $ 62
v3.25.0.1
Insider Trading Arrangements
 3 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
v3.25.0.1
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]  
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted true
v3.25.0.1
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]  
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block]
The TDS information security program is based on a defense-in-depth approach and aligns with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) cybersecurity framework. Security control and maturity assessments are conducted periodically leveraging this standard. TDS also leverages internal and external auditors and consultants to perform independent assessments and tests of security controls. The assessment results are used to drive continuous improvement in the TDS cybersecurity control environment, as well as to manage potential data security risks of third-party service providers.
TDS identifies risks across the threat and vulnerability landscape using various commercial, government, vendor and publicly available information sources and tools. Risks related to third-party providers who have access to TDS data and systems are identified, assessed and managed through a formal third-party risk assessment process. Third-parties who access sensitive company or customer information are contractually obligated to meet specific privacy and security requirements. The TDS security operations program includes active monitoring of the internal data environment and regular assessment of the environments of third-party service providers who manage sensitive data. In addition, TDS security leaders conduct regular cyber incident simulations to ensure preparedness in the event of a cyber-attack and further test potential risks. Identified risks are evaluated against a risk classification framework to direct remediation, mitigation and management efforts based on severity. Cybersecurity risks are integrated into the TDS Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) program with updates provided on a quarterly basis.
The TDS Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology are responsible for assessing and managing cybersecurity risks. Each has over twenty years of experience at the company, encompassing network engineering, information technology and cyber security. Management has a depth of cybersecurity experience focused on increasing the organization's resilience to security threats and stays current on new developments through continuing education and monitoring of the cybersecurity landscape. As part of their accountability for incident response, significant incidents are communicated to an internal committee including the Chief Financial Officer and general counsel to assess their materiality and if materiality is confirmed it is reported by the defined process. To date TDS has not identified nor become aware of any cybersecurity incidents that individually or in aggregate have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the company, including its business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.
The full Board of Directors engages in oversight of TDS' cybersecurity risks. The Board of Directors receives regular updates from management on technology and security updates and TDS’ assessment of cybersecurity threats and mitigation plans. The TDS CISO and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology provide the full Board of Directors an annual update and discussion of the cybersecurity program. The TDS Audit Committee oversees the processes over internal controls and financial reporting that includes controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that significant cybersecurity incidents are communicated to both senior management and the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee meets with the TDS CISO and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology at least two times per year. Cybersecurity is also discussed with the Technology Advisory Group of the Board of Directors as warranted, typically on an annual basis.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block]
The TDS information security program is based on a defense-in-depth approach and aligns with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) cybersecurity framework. Security control and maturity assessments are conducted periodically leveraging this standard. TDS also leverages internal and external auditors and consultants to perform independent assessments and tests of security controls. The assessment results are used to drive continuous improvement in the TDS cybersecurity control environment, as well as to manage potential data security risks of third-party service providers.
TDS identifies risks across the threat and vulnerability landscape using various commercial, government, vendor and publicly available information sources and tools. Risks related to third-party providers who have access to TDS data and systems are identified, assessed and managed through a formal third-party risk assessment process. Third-parties who access sensitive company or customer information are contractually obligated to meet specific privacy and security requirements. The TDS security operations program includes active monitoring of the internal data environment and regular assessment of the environments of third-party service providers who manage sensitive data. In addition, TDS security leaders conduct regular cyber incident simulations to ensure preparedness in the event of a cyber-attack and further test potential risks. Identified risks are evaluated against a risk classification framework to direct remediation, mitigation and management efforts based on severity. Cybersecurity risks are integrated into the TDS Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) program with updates provided on a quarterly basis.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag] false
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Text Block] To date TDS has not identified nor become aware of any cybersecurity incidents that individually or in aggregate have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the company, including its business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.
Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block]
The full Board of Directors engages in oversight of TDS' cybersecurity risks. The Board of Directors receives regular updates from management on technology and security updates and TDS’ assessment of cybersecurity threats and mitigation plans. The TDS CISO and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology provide the full Board of Directors an annual update and discussion of the cybersecurity program. The TDS Audit Committee oversees the processes over internal controls and financial reporting that includes controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that significant cybersecurity incidents are communicated to both senior management and the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee meets with the TDS CISO and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology at least two times per year. Cybersecurity is also discussed with the Technology Advisory Group of the Board of Directors as warranted, typically on an annual basis.
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]
The full Board of Directors engages in oversight of TDS' cybersecurity risks. The Board of Directors receives regular updates from management on technology and security updates and TDS’ assessment of cybersecurity threats and mitigation plans. The TDS CISO and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology provide the full Board of Directors an annual update and discussion of the cybersecurity program. The TDS Audit Committee oversees the processes over internal controls and financial reporting that includes controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that significant cybersecurity incidents are communicated to both senior management and the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee meets with the TDS CISO and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology at least two times per year. Cybersecurity is also discussed with the Technology Advisory Group of the Board of Directors as warranted, typically on an annual basis.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] The Audit Committee meets with the TDS CISO and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology at least two times per year. Cybersecurity is also discussed with the Technology Advisory Group of the Board of Directors as warranted, typically on an annual basis.
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block] The TDS Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology are responsible for assessing and managing cybersecurity risks. Each has over twenty years of experience at the company, encompassing network engineering, information technology and cyber security. Management has a depth of cybersecurity experience focused on increasing the organization's resilience to security threats and stays current on new developments through continuing education and monitoring of the cybersecurity landscape. As part of their accountability for incident response, significant incidents are communicated to an internal committee including the Chief Financial Officer and general counsel to assess their materiality and if materiality is confirmed it is reported by the defined process.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block] The TDS Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology are responsible for assessing and managing cybersecurity risks.The full Board of Directors engages in oversight of TDS' cybersecurity risks.The TDS Audit Committee oversees the processes over internal controls and financial reporting that includes controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that significant cybersecurity incidents are communicated to both senior management and the Audit Committee.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block] The TDS Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology are responsible for assessing and managing cybersecurity risks. Each has over twenty years of experience at the company, encompassing network engineering, information technology and cyber security. Management has a depth of cybersecurity experience focused on increasing the organization's resilience to security threats and stays current on new developments through continuing education and monitoring of the cybersecurity landscape.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block]
The full Board of Directors engages in oversight of TDS' cybersecurity risks. The Board of Directors receives regular updates from management on technology and security updates and TDS’ assessment of cybersecurity threats and mitigation plans. The TDS CISO and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology provide the full Board of Directors an annual update and discussion of the cybersecurity program. The TDS Audit Committee oversees the processes over internal controls and financial reporting that includes controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that significant cybersecurity incidents are communicated to both senior management and the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee meets with the TDS CISO and UScellular Senior Vice President of Information Technology at least two times per year. Cybersecurity is also discussed with the Technology Advisory Group of the Board of Directors as warranted, typically on an annual basis.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag] true
v3.25.0.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Policies)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Principles of Consolidation
The accounting policies of TDS conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). Unless otherwise specified, references to accounting provisions and GAAP in these notes refer to the requirements of the FASB ASC. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of TDS and subsidiaries in which it has a controlling financial interest, including UScellular and TDS Telecom. In addition, the consolidated financial statements include certain entities in which TDS has a variable interest that requires consolidation into the TDS financial statements under GAAP. See Note 16 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information relating to TDS’ VIEs. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Certain numbers included herein are rounded to millions for ease of presentation; however, certain calculated amounts and percentages are determined using the unrounded numbers.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (a) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and (b) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Cash and cash equivalents include cash and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Cash and cash equivalents subject to contractual restrictions are classified as restricted cash. Restricted cash primarily consists of balances required under the receivables securitization agreement.
Accounts Receivable
UScellular’s accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts owed by customers for wireless services and equipment sales, including sales of certain devices and accessories under installment plans, by agents and third-party distributors for sales of equipment to them and by other wireless carriers whose customers have used UScellular’s wireless systems.
TDS Telecom’s accounts receivable primarily consist of amounts owed by customers for services and products provided, by state and federal governments for grants and support funds, and by interexchange carriers for long-distance and data traffic, which TDS Telecom carries on its network.
Allowance for Credit Losses
TDS estimates expected credit losses related to accounts receivable balances based on a review of available and relevant information including current economic conditions, projected economic conditions, historical loss experience, account aging, and other factors that could affect collectability. Expected credit losses are determined for each pool of accounts receivable balances that share similar risk characteristics. The allowance for credit losses is the best estimate of the amount of expected credit losses related to existing accounts receivable. TDS does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.
Inventory Inventory consists primarily of wireless devices stated at the lower of cost, which approximates cost determined on a first-in first-out basis, or net realizable value. Net realizable value is determined by reference to the stand-alone selling price.
Cloud-Hosted Arrangements TDS' cloud-hosted arrangements that are service contracts consist primarily of software used to perform administrative functions.These costs are amortized over the period of the service contract, which is generally three to five years.
Licenses
Licenses consist of direct and incremental costs incurred in acquiring Federal Communications Commission (FCC) wireless spectrum licenses that generally provide UScellular with the exclusive right to utilize designated radio spectrum within specific geographic service areas to provide wireless service. Although wireless spectrum licenses are issued for a fixed period of time, generally ten years, or in some cases twelve or fifteen years, the FCC has granted license renewals routinely and at a nominal cost. The wireless spectrum licenses held by UScellular expire at various dates. UScellular believes that it is probable that its future wireless spectrum license renewal applications will be granted. UScellular applies a consistent treatment to its wireless spectrum licenses with FCC build-out requirements that have not yet been satisfied as UScellular believes it is reasonable to assume that such requirements will be met by the FCC imposed deadlines. UScellular determined that there are currently no legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or other factors that limit the useful lives of the wireless spectrum licenses. Therefore, UScellular has determined that wireless spectrum licenses are indefinite-lived intangible assets.
UScellular performs its annual impairment assessment of wireless spectrum licenses as of November 1 of each year or more frequently if there are events or circumstances that cause UScellular to believe it is more likely than not that the carrying value of wireless spectrum licenses exceeds fair value. For purposes of its impairment test, UScellular had twelve units of accounting in 2024 and one unit of accounting in 2023.
UScellular performed a quantitative impairment assessment in the third quarter of 2024 and a qualitative impairment assessment as of its annual testing date of November 1, 2024 to determine whether the wireless spectrum licenses were impaired. Based on the impairment assessment performed during the third quarter of 2024, an impairment of wireless spectrum licenses was recorded. There was no further quantitative assessment or impairment indicated in the fourth quarter of 2024. See Note 8 — Intangible Assets for additional details related to the wireless spectrum license impairment. In 2023, UScellular performed a quantitative assessment and concluded that there was no impairment of wireless spectrum licenses.
Other Intangible Assets
TDS Telecom has definite-lived franchise rights as a result of past acquisitions of cable businesses. Franchise rights are intangible assets that provide their holder with the right to operate a business in a certain geographical location as sanctioned by the franchiser, usually a government agency. Franchise rights are generally granted for ten years and may be renewed for additional terms upon approval by the granting authority. TDS anticipates that future renewals of its franchise rights will be granted. TDS reviews franchise rights for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. TDS re-evaluates the useful life used for amortization of franchise rights each year or whenever events or circumstances warrant to determine if changes in technology or other business changes which may require a revision of its remaining useful life. During 2024, TDS changed its estimated useful life for franchise rights from 15 years to 12 years. Franchise rights are included in Other intangible assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
TDS Telecom has definite-lived internet protocol addresses, which are required for customers to connect to the internet. TDS re-evaluates the useful life used for amortization of internet protocol addresses each year or whenever events or circumstances warrant to determine if changes in technology would warrant a revision of its useful life. Internet protocol addresses are included in Other intangible assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
For its equity method investments for which financial information is readily available, TDS records its equity in the earnings of the entity in the current period. For its equity method investments for which financial information is not readily available, TDS records its equity in the earnings of the entity on a one quarter lag basis.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at the original cost of construction or purchase including capitalized costs of certain taxes, payroll-related expenses, interest and estimated costs to remove the assets.
Expenditures that enhance the productive capacity of assets in service or extend their useful lives are capitalized and depreciated. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs of assets in service are charged to Cost of services or Selling, general and administrative expense, as applicable. Retirements and disposals of assets are recorded by removing the original cost of the asset (along with the related accumulated depreciation) from plant in service and recording it, together with proceeds, if any, and net removal costs (removal costs less an applicable accrued asset retirement obligation and salvage value realized), as a gain or loss, as appropriate. Certain TDS Telecom segment assets use the group depreciation method. Accordingly, when a group method asset is retired in the ordinary course of business, the original cost of the asset and accumulated depreciation in the same amount are removed, with no gain or loss recognized on the disposition.
Software licenses that qualify for capitalization as an asset are accounted for as the acquisition of an asset and the incurrence of a liability to the extent that the license fees are not fully paid at acquisition.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the related asset, except for certain TDS Telecom segment assets, which use the group depreciation method. The group depreciation method develops a depreciation rate based on the average useful life of a specific group of assets, rather than each asset individually. TDS depreciates leasehold improvement assets over periods ranging from one year to thirty years; such periods approximate the shorter of the assets’ economic lives or the specific lease terms.
Useful lives of specific assets are reviewed throughout the year to determine if changes in technology or other business changes would warrant accelerating the depreciation of those specific assets. There were no material changes to the assigned useful lives of the various categories of property, plant and equipment in 2024, 2023 or 2022.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets TDS reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. Due to its plan to divest of its wireless operations, UScellular expects to generate cash flows from the wireless operations separately from the retained business and during 2024, bifurcated the historical single asset group into two asset groups – wireless and towers. See Note 7 — Divestitures for additional information. It is possible that any outcomes of the strategic alternatives review could change the composition of UScellular's long-lived assets, how UScellular may derive cash flows from these assets and may result in uncertainty related to asset recoverability. This may impact UScellular's asset groups for purposes of assessing property, plant and equipment for impairment and may require an impairment assessment to be performed which may result in the need to write down certain long-lived assets in the near term. TDS Telecom has one asset group based on the integrated nature of its network, assets and operations.
Agent Liabilities
UScellular has relationships with agents, which are independent businesses that obtain customers for UScellular. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, UScellular had accrued $44 million and $50 million, respectively, in agent related liabilities. These amounts are included in Other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Debt Issuance Costs
Debt issuance costs include underwriters’ and legal fees and other charges related to issuing and renewing various borrowing instruments and other long-term agreements and are amortized over the respective term of each instrument. Debt issuance costs related to TDS’ and UScellular's revolving credit agreements and UScellular's receivables securitization agreement are recorded in Other assets and deferred charges in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. All other debt issuance costs are presented as an offset to the related debt obligation in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Asset Retirement Obligations TDS records asset retirement obligations for the fair value of legal obligations associated with asset retirements and a corresponding increase in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset in the period in which the obligations are incurred. In periods subsequent to initial measurement, TDS recognizes changes in the liability resulting from the passage of time and updates to the timing or the amount of the original estimates. The liability is accreted to its estimated settlement date value over the period to the estimated settlement date. The change in the carrying amount of the long-lived asset is depreciated over the average remaining life of the related asset.
Treasury Shares Common Shares repurchased by TDS are recorded at cost as treasury shares and result in a reduction of equity. When treasury shares are reissued, TDS determines the cost using the first-in, first-out cost method. The difference between the cost of the treasury shares and reissuance price is included in Capital in excess of par value or Retained earnings.
Revenue Recognition Revenues from sales of equipment and products are recognized when control has transferred to the customer, agent or third-party distributor. Service revenues are recognized as the related service is provided.
As a practical expedient, TDS groups similar contracts or similar performance obligations together into portfolios of contracts or performance obligations if doing so does not result in a significant difference from accounting for the individual contracts discretely. TDS applies this grouping method for the following types of transactions: device activation fees, contract acquisition costs, contract fulfillment costs, and certain customer promotions. Contract portfolios are recognized over the respective expected customer lives or terms of the contracts.
Services are deemed to be highly interrelated when the method and timing of transfer and performance risk are the same. Highly interrelated services that are determined to not be distinct have been grouped into a single performance obligation. Each month of services promised is a performance obligation. The series of monthly service performance obligations promised over the course of the contract are combined into a single performance obligation for purposes of the revenue allocation.
TDS has made judgments regarding transaction price, including but not limited to issues relating to variable consideration, time value of money, returns and non-cash consideration. When determined to be significant in the context of the contract, these items are considered in the valuation of transaction price at contract inception or modification, as appropriate.
UScellular and TDS Telecom each sell bundled service and equipment offerings. In these instances, TDS recognizes its revenue based on the relative standalone selling prices for each distinct service or equipment performance obligation, or bundles thereof. TDS estimates the standalone selling price of the device or accessory to be its retail price excluding discounts. TDS estimates the standalone selling price of service to be the price offered to customers on month-to-month contracts.
Discounts, incentives, and rebates to agents and end customers that are deemed cash are recognized as a reduction of Operating revenues concurrently with the associated revenue. 
From time to time, UScellular may offer certain promotions to incentivize customers to switch to, or to purchase additional services from, UScellular. Under these types of promotions, an eligible customer may receive an incentive in the form of a discount off additional services purchased shown as a credit to the customer’s monthly bill. UScellular accounts for the future discounts as material rights at the time of the initial transaction by allocating and deferring revenue based on the relative proportion of the future discounts in comparison to the aggregate initial purchase. The deferred revenue is recognized as service revenue in future periods. 
TDS records amounts collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities on a net basis within a liability account if the amount is assessed upon the customer and TDS merely acts as an agent in collecting the amount on behalf of the imposing governmental authority. If the amount is assessed upon TDS, then amounts collected from customers are recorded in Service revenues and amounts remitted to governmental authorities are recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
For contracts that involve multiple element service and equipment offerings, the transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. When consideration is received in advance of delivery of goods or services, a contract liability is recorded. A contract asset is recorded when revenue is recognized in advance of TDS’ right to receive consideration. Once there is an unconditional right to receive the consideration, TDS records such amounts as receivables, and then bills the customer under the terms of the respective contract.
TDS recognizes Equipment and product sales revenue when the equipment is delivered to the customer and a corresponding contract asset or liability is recorded for the difference between the amount of revenue recognized and the amount billed to the customer in cases where discounts are offered. The contract asset or liability is reduced over the contract term as service is provided and billed to the customer.
As practical expedients, revenue related to contracts of less than one year, generally month-to-month contracts, and contracts with a fixed per-unit price and variable quantity, are excluded from these estimates.
A significant portion of TDS Telecom's residential revenue is derived from customers who may generally cancel their subscriptions at any time without penalty. For these contracts, the amount of revenue related to unsatisfied performance obligations is not necessarily indicative of the future revenue to be recognized from TDS Telecom's existing customer base and therefore is excluded from these estimates.
TDS expects that commission fees paid as a result of obtaining contracts are recoverable, and therefore TDS defers and amortizes these costs. As a practical expedient, costs with an amortization period of one year or less are expensed as incurred.Deferred commission fees and fulfillment costs are amortized based on the timing of transfer of the goods or services to which the assets relate, typically the contract term.
Advertising Costs
TDS expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs totaled $207 million, $208 million and $196 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Income Taxes TDS files a consolidated federal income tax return. Deferred taxes are computed using the liability method, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for future deductible temporary differences and operating loss carryforwards, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for future taxable temporary differences. Both deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates in effect when the temporary differences are expected to reverse. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. TDS evaluates income tax uncertainties, assesses the probability of the ultimate settlement with the applicable taxing authority and records an amount based on that assessment. Deferred taxes are reported as a net non-current asset or liability by jurisdiction. Any corresponding valuation allowance to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets is also recorded as non-current.
Stock-Based Compensation and Other Plans
TDS has established long-term incentive plans, dividend reinvestment plans, and a non-employee director compensation plan. The dividend reinvestment plan of TDS is not considered a compensatory plan, and therefore recognition of compensation costs for grants made under this plan is not required. All other plans are considered compensatory plans; therefore, recognition of costs for grants made under these plans is required.
TDS recognizes stock compensation expense based upon the estimated fair value of the specific awards granted on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which generally represents the vesting period. Stock-based compensation cost recognized has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2024, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2024-03 Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). ASU 2024-03 requires more detailed information about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the Consolidated Statement of Operations. ASU 2024-03 is effective on a prospective or retrospective basis for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. TDS is evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its financial statement disclosures.
Lessee Agreements
TDS’ most significant leases are for land and tower spaces, network facilities, retail spaces, and offices, substantially all of which are classified as operating leases. Many of TDS' leases include renewal and early termination options. Lease terms include options to extend or terminate when it is reasonably certain that TDS will exercise the option.
TDS has recognized a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability that represents the present value of TDS’ obligation to make payments over the lease term. The present value of the lease payments is calculated using an incremental borrowing rate, which was determined using a portfolio approach based on TDS' unsecured rates, adjusted to approximate the rates at which TDS would be required to borrow on a collateralized basis over a term similar to the recognized lease term.
Lease and nonlease components are accounted for separately and the cost of nonlease components (e.g., utilities and common area maintenance) are typically expensed as incurred at their relative standalone price.
TDS recognizes variable lease expense related to lease payments that were not originally included in the lease liability calculation, which primarily relate to lease payment escalations that are tied to an index, real estate taxes, and additional payments linked to performance.
Lessor Agreements
TDS’ most significant lessor leases are for tower space, all of which are classified as operating leases. Many of TDS’ leases include renewal and early termination options. Lease terms include options to extend or terminate when it is reasonably certain that the lessee will exercise the option.
Lessor agreements with lease and nonlease components are generally accounted for separately.
TDS recognizes variable lease income related to lease payments that were not originally included in the lease receivable calculation, which primarily relate to lease payment escalations that are tied to an index.
Variable Interest Entities TDS consolidates VIEs in which it has a controlling financial interest as defined by GAAP, and is therefore deemed the primary beneficiary. TDS reviews the criteria for a controlling financial interest at the time it enters into agreements and subsequently when events warranting reconsideration occur. These VIEs have risks similar to those described in the “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K.
v3.25.0.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash The following table provides a reconciliation of Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheet to the total of the amounts in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
December 31,
20242023
(Dollars in millions)
  
Cash and cash equivalents
$364 $236 
Restricted cash included in Other current assets
20 34 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the statement of cash flows
$384 $270 
Implementation costs Implementation costs related to TDS' cloud-hosted arrangements, which are recorded in Prepaid expenses and Other assets and deferred charges in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, were as follows:
December 31,
20242023
(Dollars in millions)
Implementation costs, gross$134 $117 
Accumulated amortization(91)(68)
Implementation costs, net$43 $49 
v3.25.0.1
Revenue Recognition (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Disaggregation of Revenues
In the following table, TDS' revenues are disaggregated by type of service, which represents the relevant categorization of revenues for certain TDS reportable segments, and timing of recognition. Service revenues are recognized over time and Equipment and product sales are recognized at a point in time.
Year Ended December 31, 2024UScellular WirelessTDS TelecomCorporate, Eliminations and OtherTotal
(Dollars in millions)    
Revenues from contracts with customers:    
Type of service:    
Retail service$2,674 $— $— $2,674 
Residential— 740 — 740 
Commercial— 148 — 148 
Wholesale— 169 — 169 
Other service210 — 48 258 
Service revenues from contracts with customers2,884 1,057 48 3,989 
Equipment and product sales783 1 70 854 
Total revenues from contracts with customers1
$3,667 $1,058 $118 $4,843 
Year Ended December 31, 2023UScellular WirelessTDS TelecomCorporate, Eliminations and OtherTotal
(Dollars in millions)    
Revenues from contracts with customers:    
Type of service:    
Retail service2
$2,742 $— $— $2,742 
Residential— 700 — 700 
Commercial— 155 — 155 
Wholesale— 169 — 169 
Other service201 — 75 276 
Service revenues from contracts with customers2,943 1,024 75 4,042 
Equipment and product sales862 1 128 991 
Total revenues from contracts with customers1
$3,805 $1,025 $203 $5,033 
Year Ended December 31, 2022UScellular WirelessTDS TelecomCorporate, Eliminations and OtherTotal
(Dollars in millions)    
Revenues from contracts with customers:    
Type of service:    
Retail service$2,793 $— $— $2,793 
Residential— 669 — 669 
Commercial— 173 — 173 
Wholesale— 173 — 173 
Other service239 — 73 312 
Service revenues from contracts with customers3,032 1,015 73 4,120 
Equipment and product sales1,044 1 128 1,173 
Total revenues from contracts with customers1
$4,076 $1,016 $201 $5,293 
Numbers may not foot due to rounding.
1Revenue line items in this table will not agree to amounts presented in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as the amounts in this table only include revenue resulting from contracts with customers.
2UScellular recorded an adjustment to correct a prior period error related to the recognition of discounts for certain Prepaid customers, which decreased Service revenue by $5 million in 2023. This adjustment was not material to any of the periods impacted.
Contract with Customer, Assets and Liabilities
The following table provides balances for contract assets from contracts with customers, which are recorded in Other current assets and Other assets and deferred charges in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, and contract liabilities from contracts with customers, which are recorded in Customer deposits and deferred revenues and Other deferred liabilities and credits in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions) 
Contract assets$8 $14 
Contract liabilities$382 $380 
Revenue recognized related to contract liabilities existing at January 1, 2024 was $256 million for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Remaining Performance Obligations
The following table includes estimated service revenues expected to be recognized related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period. These estimates represent service revenues to be recognized when services are delivered to customers pursuant to service plan contracts and under certain roaming agreements with other carriers. These estimates are based on contracts in place as of December 31, 2024, and may vary from actual results. As practical expedients, revenue related to contracts of less than one year, generally month-to-month contracts, and contracts with a fixed per-unit price and variable quantity, are excluded from these estimates.

A significant portion of TDS Telecom's residential revenue is derived from customers who may generally cancel their subscriptions at any time without penalty. For these contracts, the amount of revenue related to unsatisfied performance obligations is not necessarily indicative of the future revenue to be recognized from TDS Telecom's existing customer base and therefore is excluded from these estimates.
 Service Revenues
(Dollars in millions) 
2025$341 
2026115 
Thereafter67 
Total$523 
Contract Cost Assets Contract cost asset balances, which are recorded in Other assets and deferred charges in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, were as follows:
December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions) 
Costs to obtain contracts 
Sales commissions$145 $143 
Fulfillment costs
Installation costs2 6 
Total contract cost assets$147 $149 
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair value measurements
TDS has applied the provisions of fair value accounting for purposes of computing the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes as displayed below.
 Level within the Fair Value HierarchyDecember 31, 2024December 31, 2023
 Book ValueFair ValueBook ValueFair Value
(Dollars in millions)     
Long-term debt2$4,119 $4,015 $4,139 $3,651 
v3.25.0.1
Equipment Installment Plans (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Equipment installment plan receivables
The following table summarizes equipment installment plan receivables.

December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross$1,110 $1,151 
Allowance for credit losses(82)(90)
Equipment installment plan receivables, net$1,028 $1,061 
Net balance presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as:
Accounts receivable — Customers and agents (Current portion)$592 $577 
Other assets and deferred charges (Non-current portion)436 484 
Equipment installment plan receivables, net$1,028 $1,061 
Equipment installment plan receivables credit categories
The balance and aging of the equipment installment plan receivables on a gross basis by credit category were as follows:
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Lowest RiskLower RiskSlight RiskHigher RiskTotalLowest RiskLower RiskSlight RiskHigher RiskTotal
(Dollars in millions)
Unbilled$955 $77 $13 $5 $1,050 $977 $88 $16 $4 $1,085 
Billed — current36 4 1 1 42 35 5 2 1 43 
Billed — past due10 5 2 1 18 12 7 3 1 23 
Total$1,001 $86 $16 $7 $1,110 $1,024 $100 $21 $6 $1,151 
The balance of the equipment installment plan receivables as of December 31, 2024 on a gross basis by year of origination were as follows:
202220232024Total
(Dollars in millions)
Lowest Risk$131 $332 $538 $1,001 
Lower Risk6 22 58 86 
Slight Risk1 3 12 16 
Higher Risk— 1 6 7 
Total$138 $358 $614 $1,110 
The write-offs, net of recoveries for the year ended December 31, 2024 on a gross basis by year of origination were as follows:
2021202220232024Total
(Dollars in millions)
Write-offs, net of recoveries
$(1)$18 $40 $16 $73 
Equipment installment plans allowance for credit losses
Activity for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, in the allowance for credit losses for equipment installment plan receivables was as follows:
 20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Allowance for credit losses, beginning of year$90 $96 
Bad debts expense65 69 
Write-offs, net of recoveries(73)(75)
Allowance for credit losses, end of year$82 $90 
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income taxes receivable (payable)
TDS’ current income taxes balances at December 31, 2024 and 2023, were as follows:
December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Federal income taxes receivable (payable)$(1)$1 
Net state income taxes receivable2 3 
Income tax expense (benefit)
Income tax expense (benefit) is summarized as follows:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Current   
Federal$3 $(1)$1 
State— 3 5 
Deferred
Federal(5)(10)32 
State8 18 15 
Total income tax expense (benefit)$6 $10 $53 
Income tax reconciliation
A reconciliation of TDS’ income tax expense computed at the statutory rate to the reported income tax expense, and the statutory federal income tax rate to TDS’ effective income tax rate is as follows:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
 AmountRateAmountRateAmountRate
(Dollars in millions)      
Statutory federal income tax expense and rate$(4)21.0 %$(100)21.0 %$26 21.0 %
State income taxes, net of federal benefit1
6 (32.4)16 (3.4)16 12.8 
Change in federal valuation allowance2
20 (99.1)8 (1.7)7 5.7 
Goodwill impairment3
— — 83 (17.4)— — 
Sale of businesses(15)74.0 — — — — 
Nondeductible compensation3 (13.5)7 (1.4)7 5.6 
Tax credits(2)11.7 (3)0.6 (2)(1.9)
Other differences, net(2)4.2 (1)0.2 (1)(0.6)
Total income tax expense (benefit) and rate$6 (34.1)%$10 (2.1)%$53 42.6 %
1State income taxes, net of federal benefit, include changes in unrecognized tax benefits as well as adjustments to state valuation allowances. State taxes in 2022 and 2023 include discrete valuation allowance adjustments that did not recur in 2024.
2Change in federal valuation allowance is due primarily to capital losses from the sale of businesses and annual interest expense from partnership investments that carryforward but may not be realized.
3Goodwill impairment reflects the federal tax effect of the portion of the impaired goodwill that is not amortizable for income tax purposes. See Note 8 — Intangible Assets for additional information related to the goodwill impairment.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities
Significant components of TDS’ deferred income tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2024 and 2023, were as follows:
December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Deferred tax assets  
Net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards$268 $284 
Lease liabilities253 260 
Contract liabilities60 61 
Interest expense carryforwards176 133 
Asset retirement obligation136 123 
Other109 98 
Total deferred tax assets1,002 959 
Less valuation allowance(266)(216)
Net deferred tax assets736 743 
Deferred tax liabilities
Property, plant and equipment817 841 
Licenses/intangibles423 410 
Partnership investments191 181 
Lease assets238 242 
Other48 44 
Total deferred tax liabilities1,717 1,718 
Net deferred income tax liability$981 $975 
Deferred tax valuation allowance
A summary of TDS' deferred tax asset valuation allowance is as follows:
 202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Balance at beginning of year$216 $177 $149 
Charged to Income tax expense54 39 28 
Charged to (Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net(4)— — 
Balance at end of year$266 $216 $177 
Income tax unrecognized benefits summary
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
 202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at beginning of year$40 $38 $37 
Additions for tax positions of current year7 10 6 
Additions for tax positions of prior years— — 1 
Reductions for tax positions of prior years(7)(2)— 
Reductions for lapses in statutes of limitations(7)(6)(6)
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at end of year$33 $40 $38 
v3.25.0.1
Earnings Per Share (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings per share
The amounts used in computing basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts)   
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS common shareholders used in basic earnings (loss) per share$(97)$(569)$(7)
Adjustments to compute diluted earnings (loss):
Noncontrolling interest adjustment— (1)(1)
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS common shareholders used in diluted earnings (loss) per share$(97)$(570)$(8)
Weighted average number of shares used in basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Common Shares107 106 107 
Series A Common Shares7 7 7 
Weighted average number of shares used in basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share114 113 114 
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders$(0.85)$(5.05)$(0.07)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders$(0.85)$(5.06)$(0.07)
v3.25.0.1
Intangible Assets (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Other intangible assets
Activity related to TDS' Other intangible assets is presented below.
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Gross AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet AmountGross AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Amount
(Dollars in millions)
Franchise rights$255 $(121)$134 $255 $(102)$153 
Internet protocol addresses34 (7)26 34 (4)29 
Other1 — 1 1 — 1 
Total$290 $(128)$161 $290 $(106)$183 
Numbers may not foot due to rounding.
v3.25.0.1
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities TDS' Investments in unconsolidated entities are accounted for using the equity method, measurement alternative method or net asset value practical expedient method as shown in the table below. The carrying value of measurement alternative method investments represents cost minus any impairments plus or minus any observable price changes.
December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Equity method investments:  
Capital contributions, loans, advances and adjustments$115 $115 
Cumulative share of income2,939 2,775 
Cumulative share of distributions(2,582)(2,413)
Total equity method investments472 477 
Measurement alternative method investments19 19 
Investments recorded using the net asset value practical expedient9 9 
Total investments in unconsolidated entities$500 $505 
The following tables, which are based on unaudited information provided in part by third parties, summarize the combined assets, liabilities and equity, and results of operations of TDS’ equity method investments:

December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Assets  
Current$1,264 $1,038 
Noncurrent6,577 6,440 
Total assets$7,841 $7,478 
Liabilities and Equity
Current liabilities$860 $765 
Noncurrent liabilities1,636 1,156 
Partners’ capital and shareholders’ equity5,345 5,557 
Total liabilities and equity$7,841 $7,478 
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Results of Operations   
Revenues$7,574 $7,304 $7,303 
Operating expenses5,950 5,704 5,684 
Operating income1,624 1,600 1,619 
Other income (expense), net(3)(30)(19)
Net income$1,621 $1,570 $1,600 
v3.25.0.1
Property, Plant and Equipment (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Property, plant and equipment
TDS’ Property, plant and equipment in service and under construction, and related accumulated depreciation and amortization, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, were as follows:
December 31,Useful Lives (Years)20242023
(Dollars in millions)   
LandN/A$65 $67 
Buildings
15-40
420 542 
Leasehold and land improvements
1-30
1,651 1,598 
Cable and wire
15-40
3,191 2,928 
Network and switching equipment
1-10
2,241 2,717 
Cell site equipment
7-30
3,492 4,381 
Office furniture and equipment
3-10
242 272 
Other operating assets and equipment
1-12
240 240 
System development
1-7
2,267 2,214 
Work in processN/A554 653 
Total property, plant and equipment, gross 14,363 15,612 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (9,369)(10,550)
Total property, plant and equipment, net $4,994 $5,062 
v3.25.0.1
Leases (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]  
Components of lease expense
The following table shows the components of lease cost included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)
Operating lease cost$213 $207 $206 
Variable lease cost14 13 12 
Total$227 $220 $218 
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases
The following table shows supplemental cash flow information related to lease activities:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: 
Operating cash flows from operating leases$224 $213 $204 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases$178 $168 $125 
Schedule of weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate related to leases
The table below shows a weighted-average analysis for lease terms and discount rates for operating leases:
December 31,20242023
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term13 years12 years
Weighted Average Discount Rate4.7 %4.3 %
Maturities of lease liabilities
The maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:
 Operating Leases
(Dollars in millions)
2025$195 
2026168 
2027143 
2028121 
202991 
Thereafter720 
Total lease payments1
$1,438 
Less: Imputed interest418 
Present value of lease liabilities$1,020 
1    Lease payments exclude $27 million of legally binding lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced.
Lease income
The following table shows the components of lease income which are included in Service revenues in the Consolidated Statement of Operations:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)
Operating lease income$121 $127 $120 
Maturities of expected lease revenues
The maturities of expected lease payments to be received are as follows:
 Operating Leases
(Dollars in millions)
2025$89 
202679 
202761 
202847 
202927 
Thereafter19 
Total future lease maturities$322 
v3.25.0.1
Asset Retirement Obligations (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Asset Retirement Obligation [Abstract]  
Asset retirement obligations The results of the reviews and other changes in asset retirement obligations during 2024 and 2023, were as follows:
 20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Balance at beginning of year$556 $524 
Additional liabilities accrued25 10 
Revisions in estimated cash outflows9 (3)
Disposition of assets(11)(4)
Accretion expense29 29 
Balance at end of year$608 $556 
v3.25.0.1
Debt (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Credit facilities
The following table summarizes the unsecured revolving credit agreements as of December 31, 2024:
 TDSUScellular
(Dollars in millions)  
Maximum borrowing capacity$400 $300 
Letters of credit outstanding$1 $— 
Amount borrowed and outstanding$— $— 
Amount available for use$399 $300 
The following tables summarizes the unsecured term loan credit agreements as of December 31, 2024:
TDSTerm Loan 1Term Loan 2
Term Loan 31
Total
(Dollars in millions)
Maximum borrowing capacity$200 $300 $375 $875 
Amount borrowed and outstanding$194 $293 $298 $785 
Amount borrowed and repaid$6 $7 $2 $15 
Amount available for use$— $— $75 $75 
Interest rate
SOFR plus 2.10%
SOFR plus 2.60%
SOFR plus 7.00%
Maturity dateJuly 2028July 2031May 2029
Quarterly installments
$0.5 million from December 2021 to maturity date
$0.75 million from December 2022 to September 2026; $2 million from December 2026 to maturity date
Outstanding borrowings multiplied by 0.25% from September 2024 to maturity date
1TDS entered into an unsecured term loan credit agreement in May 2024. The agreement requires TDS to make prepayments of the outstanding borrowings to the extent TDS receives cash proceeds in excess of prescribed thresholds from certain transactions as more fully described in the agreement.
UScellular
Term Loan 11
Term Loan 2Term Loan 3Total
(Dollars in millions)
Maximum borrowing capacity$300 $300 $200 $800 
Amount borrowed and outstanding$237 $290 $196 $723 
Amount borrowed and repaid$63 $10 $4 $77 
Amount available for use$— $— $— $— 
Interest rate
SOFR plus 1.60%
SOFR plus 2.10%
SOFR plus 2.60%
Maturity dateJuly 2026July 2028July 2031
Quarterly installments
$4 million from March 2024 to December 2025; $8 million from March 2026 to maturity date
$0.75 million from December 2021 to maturity date
$0.5 million from December 2022 to September 2026; $1 million from December 2026 to maturity date
1During 2024, UScellular repaid $40 million, in addition to required quarterly installments, under its term loan agreement due July 2026.
Long-term debt
Long-term debt as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, was as follows:
    December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
 
Issuance
date
Maturity
date
Call
date (any
time on
or after)
Principal
Amount
Less
Unamortized
discount
and debt
issuance
costs		Total
Principal
Amount
Less
Unamortized
discount
and debt
issuance
costs
Total
(Dollars in millions)        
UScellular Unsecured Senior Notes
6.70%Dec 2003
and
June 2004		Dec 2033Dec 2003
and
June 2004		$544 $10 $534 $544 $11 $533 
6.25%Aug 2020Sep 2069Sep 2025500 17 483 500 17 483 
5.50%Dec 2020Mar 2070Mar 2026500 17 483 500 17 483 
5.50%May 2021Jun 2070Jun 2026500 16 484 500 16 484 
UScellular Unsecured Term Loans723 4 719 783 4 779 
TDS Unsecured Term Loans785 16 769 492 4 488 
TDS Secured Term Loan300 2 298 300 3 297 
UScellular EIP Securitization2 — 2 150 — 150 
TDS Export Credit Financing150 — 150 150 — 150 
UScellular Export Credit Financing150 — 150 150 1 149 
TDS Revolving Credit— — — 100 — 100 
Finance lease obligations7 — 7 6 — 6 
Other long-term notes 3 — 3 4 — 4 
Total long-term debt $4,164 $82 $4,082 $4,179 $73 $4,106 
Long-term debt, current $31 $26 
Long-term debt, noncurrent $4,051 $4,080 
v3.25.0.1
Variable Interest Entities (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Variable Interest Entities [Abstract]  
Consolidated VIE assets and liabilities
The following table presents the classification and balances of the consolidated VIEs’ assets and liabilities in TDS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet.

December 31,20242023
(Dollars in millions)  
Assets  
Cash and cash equivalents$51 $24 
Accounts receivable639 631 
Inventory, net5 4 
Other current assets16 30 
Licenses639 639 
Property, plant and equipment, net113 123 
Operating lease right-of-use assets46 43 
Other assets and deferred charges446 494 
Total assets$1,955 $1,988 
Liabilities
Current liabilities$34 $34 
Long-term operating lease liabilities39 38 
Other deferred liabilities and credits27 26 
Total liabilities1
$100 $98 
1Total liabilities does not include amounts borrowed under the receivables securitization agreement. See Note 13 — Debt for additional information.
v3.25.0.1
Noncontrolling Interests (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]  
Noncontrolling interests
The following schedule discloses the effects of Net income (loss) attributable to TDS shareholders and changes in TDS’ ownership interest in UScellular on TDS’ equity:
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS shareholders$(28)$(500)$62 
Transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests
Change in TDS’ Capital in excess of par value from UScellular's issuance of UScellular shares(43)(33)(19)
Change in TDS’ Capital in excess of par value from UScellular’s repurchases of UScellular shares(4)— 35 
Net transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests(47)(33)16 
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS shareholders after transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests$(75)$(533)$78 
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense [Abstract]  
Stock-based compensation
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense recognized during 2024, 2023 and 2022:

Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Stock option awards$— $— $1 
Restricted stock unit awards41 32 28 
Performance share unit awards28 7 11 
Awards under Non-Employee Director compensation plan2 2 2 
Total stock-based compensation, before income taxes71 41 42 
Income tax benefit(18)(10)(11)
Total stock-based compensation expense, net of income taxes$53 $31 $31 
Stock-based compensation, allocation by financial statement line item
The following table provides a summary of the classification of stock-based compensation expense included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the years ended:

December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Selling, general and administrative expense$63 $36 $36 
Cost of services expense8 5 6 
Total stock-based compensation expense$71 $41 $42 
Summary of nonvested restricted stock units
A summary of TDS nonvested restricted stock units and changes during 2024 is presented in the table below:
Common Restricted Stock UnitsNumberWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 20233,635,000 $9.76 
Granted717,000 $20.12 
Vested(1,357,000)$12.87 
Forfeited(319,000)$11.50 
Nonvested at December 31, 20242,676,000 $11.75 
A summary of UScellular nonvested restricted stock units and changes during 2024 is presented in the table below:
Common Restricted Stock UnitsNumberWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 20232,548,000 $27.26 
Granted728,000 $35.67 
Vested(782,000)$31.98 
Forfeited(56,000)$27.68 
Nonvested at December 31, 20242,438,000 $29.01 
Summary of nonvested performance share units
A summary of TDS nonvested performance share units and changes during 2024 is presented in the table below:
Common Performance Share UnitsNumberWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 20232,201,000 $12.17 
Granted468,000 $20.26 
Vested(192,000)$23.61 
Change in units based on approved performance factors69,000 $23.76 
Forfeited(500,000)$16.80 
Accumulated dividend equivalents31,000 $11.22 
Nonvested at December 31, 20242,077,000 $12.48 
A summary of UScellular’s nonvested performance share units and changes during 2024 is presented in the table below:
Common Performance Share UnitsNumberWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 20231,457,000 $27.37 
Granted409,000 $36.59 
Vested(263,000)$20.06 
Change in units based on approved performance factors114,000 $23.06 
Forfeited(109,000)$21.35 
Nonvested at December 31, 20241,608,000 $31.91 
Summary of stock options
A summary of TDS stock options and changes during 2024 is presented in the tables and narrative below.
Common Share Options
Number of OptionsWeighted Average Exercise Prices
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(in millions)
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life
(in years)
Outstanding at December 31, 20232,517,000 $26.72 
Exercised(357,000)$25.69 
Forfeited(4,000)$25.36 
Expired(543,000)$26.88 
Outstanding at December 31, 20241,613,000 $26.90 $12 2.9
(1,613,000 exercisable)$26.90 $12 2.9
v3.25.0.1
Business Segment Information (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Business segment information
Financial data for TDS’ reportable segments for 2024, 2023 and 2022, is as follows. See Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information.
Year Ended December 31, 2024UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomTotal
(Dollars in millions) 
Revenues from external customers$3,667 $103 $1,057 $4,827 
Intersegment revenues— 131 4 135 
3,667 234 1,061 4,962 
Reconciliation of revenue:
All Other revenues1
137 
Elimination of intersegment revenues(135)
Total operating revenues$4,964 
Less2:
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)777 78 400 
Cost of equipment and products906 — 1 
Selling, general and administrative1,298 32 320 
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review (included in Selling, general and administrative)(33)(2)— 
Other segment items— — (9)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP)$719 $126 $350 $1,195 
Reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to Income (loss) before income taxes:
All Other income (loss) before income taxes1
(118)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion(936)
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review (included in Selling, general and administrative)(35)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets(137)
Loss on asset disposals, net(30)
Gain on sale of business and other exit costs, net49 
Loss on license sales and exchanges, net(3)
Equity earnings of unconsolidated entities161 
Interest and dividend income12 
Interest expense(178)
Income (loss) before income taxes$(20)
Other segment disclosures
Year Ended or as of December 31, 2024UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomSegment TotalUScellular
All Other1
TDS Consolidated Total
Depreciation, amortization and accretion$(620)$(45)$(271)$(936)$(7)$(943)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets(136)— (1)(137)— (137)
Loss on asset disposals, net(17)(1)(12)(30)— (30)
Gain on sale of business and other exit costs, net— — 49 49 19 68 
Loss on license sales and exchanges, net(3)— — (3)— (3)
Investments in unconsolidated entities3
4 4 454 42 500 
Total assets4
2,911 2,911 10,449 322 13,682 
Capital expenditures$554 $23 $324 $901 $5 $906 
Year Ended December 31, 2023UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomTotal
(Dollars in millions) 
Revenues from external customers$3,805 $101 $1,024 $4,930 
Intersegment revenues— 127 4 131 
3,805 228 1,028 5,061 
Reconciliation of revenue:
All Other revenues1
230 
Elimination of intersegment revenues(131)
Total operating revenues$5,160 
Less2:
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)794 73 423 
Cost of equipment and products988 — — 
Selling, general and administrative1,334 34 326 
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review (included in Selling, general and administrative)(8)— — 
Other segment items— — (6)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP)$697 $121 $285 $1,103 
Reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to Income (loss) before income taxes:
All Other income (loss) before income taxes1
(79)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion(901)
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review (included in Selling, general and administrative)(8)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets(547)
Loss on asset disposals, net(27)
Gain on license sales and exchanges, net2 
Equity earnings of unconsolidated entities158 
Interest and dividend income10 
Interest expense(188)
Income (loss) before income taxes$(477)
Other segment disclosures
Year Ended or as of December 31, 2023UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomSegment TotalUScellular
All Other1
TDS Consolidated Total
Depreciation, amortization and accretion$(610)$(46)$(245)$(901)$(14)$(915)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets— — (547)(547)— (547)
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net(19)2 (10)(27)— (27)
Gain on license sales and exchanges, net2 — — 2 — 2 
Investments in unconsolidated entities3
4 4 461 40 505 
Total assets4
2,864 2,864 10,750 307 13,921 
Capital expenditures$580 $31 $577 $1,188 $9 $1,197 
Year Ended December 31, 2022UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomTotal
(Dollars in millions) 
Revenues from external customers$4,076 $93 $1,016 $5,185 
Intersegment revenues— 123 4 127 
4,076 216 1,020 5,312 
Reconciliation of revenue:
All Other revenues1
228 
Elimination of intersegment revenues(127)
Total operating revenues$5,413 
Less2:
Cost of services (excluding Depreciation, amortization and accretion reported below)807 71 418 
Cost of equipment and products1,216 — 1 
Selling, general and administrative1,376 32 313 
Other segment items— — (3)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP)$677 $113 $291 $1,081 
Reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to Income before income taxes:
All Other income (loss) before income taxes1
(23)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion(915)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets(3)
Loss on asset disposals, net(26)
Gain on sale of business and other exit costs, net1 
Equity earnings of unconsolidated entities158 
Interest and dividend income8 
Interest expense(156)
Income before income taxes$125 
Other segment disclosures
Year Ended or as of December 31, 2022UScellular WirelessUScellular TowersTDS TelecomSegment TotalUScellular
All Other1
TDS Consolidated Total
Depreciation, amortization and accretion$(655)$(45)$(215)$(915)$(14)$(929)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets(3)— — (3)— (3)
Loss on asset disposals, net(19)— (7)(26)(1)(27)
Gain on sale of business and other exit costs, net1 — — 1 — 1 
Investments in unconsolidated entities3
4 4 452 39 495 
Total assets4
3,056 3,056 11,119 375 14,550 
Capital expenditures$689 $28 $556 $1,273 $12 $1,285 
Numbers may not foot due to rounding.
1"All Other" represents TDS' non-reportable other business activities that do not meet the quantitative thresholds for being a reportable segment.
2The significant segment expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. Intersegment expenses are included within the amounts shown.
3This item is not included in the evaluation of operating performance of the Wireless and Towers segments, and therefore is reported as "UScellular".
4Assets are not provided at the individual segment level for Wireless and Towers, and therefore is reported for "UScellular". The UScellular segments operate under a common capital structure, and management has historically considered its assets collectively as part of a combined wireless network.
v3.25.0.1
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]  
Supplemental cash flow disclosures
Following are supplemental cash flow disclosures regarding interest paid and income taxes paid.
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Interest paid$265 $235 $164 
Income taxes paid, net of (refunds received)4 (50)(119)
Stock-based compensation supplemental cash flows
Following are supplemental cash flow disclosures regarding transactions related to stock-based compensation awards. In certain situations, TDS and UScellular withhold shares that are issuable upon the exercise of stock options or the vesting of restricted shares to cover, and with a value equivalent to, the exercise price and/or the amount of taxes required to be withheld from the stock award holder at the time of the exercise or vesting. TDS and UScellular then pay the amount of the required tax withholdings to the taxing authorities in cash.
TDS:   
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Common Shares withheld565,000 338,000 225,000 
Aggregate value of Common Shares withheld$11 $3 $4 
Cash receipts upon exercise of stock options9 — — 
Cash disbursements for payment of taxes(11)(3)(4)
Net cash receipts (disbursements) from exercise of stock options and vesting of other stock awards$(2)$(3)$(4)
UScellular:   
Year Ended December 31,202420232022
(Dollars in millions)   
Common Shares withheld363,000 347,000 154,000 
Aggregate value of Common Shares withheld$13 $9 $5 
Cash receipts upon exercise of stock options2 — — 
Cash disbursements for payment of taxes(13)(6)(5)
Net cash receipts (disbursements) from exercise of stock options and vesting of other stock awards$(11)$(6)$(5)
v3.25.0.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Narrative (Details)
$ in Millions
 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
segment
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
license
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
license
Dec. 31, 2024
asset_group
Jun. 30, 2024
Basis of presentation                  
Number of wireless connections         4,400,000        
Number of broadband, video and voice connections         1,100,000        
Change in reportable segments   During the second quarter of 2024, TDS and UScellular modified their reporting structure due to the planned disposal of the UScellular wireless operations and, as a result, disaggregated the UScellular operations into two reportable segments – Wireless and Towers. This presentation reflects how TDS' and UScellular's chief operating decision maker allocates resources and evaluates operating performance following this strategic shift. Prior periods have been updated to conform to the new reportable segments. See Note 20 — Business Segment Information for additional information about TDS' segments.              
Number of reportable segments | segment   3              
Amortization of implementation costs   $ 22 $ 18 $ 19          
FCC licenses, number of accounting units     1   12   12   2
Loss on impairment of intangible assets $ 136   $ 0            
Advertising costs   $ 207 208 $ 196          
UScellular                  
Basis of presentation                  
FCC Licenses, period of renewal   12 years              
Asset groups | asset_group               2  
Agent liability     50     $ 44      
TDS Telecom                  
Basis of presentation                  
Loss on impairment of goodwill     $ 547            
Asset groups | asset_group               1  
UScellular Total                  
Basis of presentation                  
Number of reportable segments | segment   2              
UScellular                  
Basis of presentation                  
Asset groups | asset_group               1  
TDS Telecom | Franchise rights                  
Basis of presentation                  
Renewal period   10 years              
Franchise rights useful life   12 years 15 years            
Minimum                  
Basis of presentation                  
Amortization period   3 years              
Minimum | UScellular                  
Basis of presentation                  
FCC Licenses, period of renewal   10 years              
Minimum | Leasehold Improvements                  
Basis of presentation                  
Useful life   1 year              
Maximum                  
Basis of presentation                  
Amortization period   5 years              
Maximum | UScellular                  
Basis of presentation                  
FCC Licenses, period of renewal   15 years              
Maximum | Leasehold Improvements                  
Basis of presentation                  
Useful life   30 years              
UScellular                  
Basis of presentation                  
TDS ownership of UScellular         83.00%        
v3.25.0.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]        
Cash and cash equivalents $ 364 $ 236    
Restricted cash included in Other current assets 20 34    
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the statement of cash flows $ 384 $ 270 $ 399 $ 414
v3.25.0.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Cloud-Hosted Arrangements (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]    
Implementation costs, gross $ 134 $ 117
Accumulated amortization (91) (68)
Implementation costs, net $ 43 $ 49
v3.25.0.1
Revenue Recognition - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]      
Amounts recorded gross in revenues that are billed to customers and remitted to governmental authorities $ 76 $ 89 $ 88
Revenue recognized 256    
Amortization of contract cost assets $ 98 $ 107 $ 113
v3.25.0.1
Revenue Recognition - Disaggregation Of Revenue (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers $ 4,843 $ 5,033 $ 5,293
Out-of-period adjustment      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Immaterial error correction   UScellular recorded an adjustment to correct a prior period error related to the recognition of discounts for certain Prepaid customers, which decreased Service revenue by $5 million in 2023. This adjustment was not material to any of the periods impacted.  
Transferred over time      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 3,989 $ 4,042 4,120
Transferred over time | Retail service      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 2,674 2,742 2,793
Transferred over time | Residential      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 740 700 669
Transferred over time | Commercial      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 148 155 173
Transferred over time | Wholesale      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 169 169 173
Transferred over time | Other service      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 258 276 312
Transferred at point in time | Equipment and product sales      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 854 991 1,173
UScellular      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 3,667 3,805 4,076
UScellular | Transferred over time      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 2,884 2,943 3,032
UScellular | Transferred over time | Retail service      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 2,674 2,742 2,793
UScellular | Transferred over time | Retail service | Out-of-period adjustment      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers   (5)  
UScellular | Transferred over time | Residential      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 0 0 0
UScellular | Transferred over time | Commercial      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 0 0 0
UScellular | Transferred over time | Wholesale      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 0 0 0
UScellular | Transferred over time | Other service      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 210 201 239
UScellular | Transferred at point in time | Equipment and product sales      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 783 862 1,044
TDS Telecom      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 1,058 1,025 1,016
TDS Telecom | Transferred over time      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 1,057 1,024 1,015
TDS Telecom | Transferred over time | Retail service      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 0 0 0
TDS Telecom | Transferred over time | Residential      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 740 700 669
TDS Telecom | Transferred over time | Commercial      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 148 155 173
TDS Telecom | Transferred over time | Wholesale      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 169 169 173
TDS Telecom | Transferred over time | Other service      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 0 0 0
TDS Telecom | Transferred at point in time | Equipment and product sales      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 1 1 1
Corporate, Eliminations and Other      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 118 203 201
Corporate, Eliminations and Other | Transferred over time      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 48 75 73
Corporate, Eliminations and Other | Transferred over time | Retail service      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 0 0 0
Corporate, Eliminations and Other | Transferred over time | Residential      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 0 0 0
Corporate, Eliminations and Other | Transferred over time | Commercial      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 0 0 0
Corporate, Eliminations and Other | Transferred over time | Wholesale      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 0 0 0
Corporate, Eliminations and Other | Transferred over time | Other service      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers 48 75 73
Corporate, Eliminations and Other | Transferred at point in time | Equipment and product sales      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Revenue from contracts with customers $ 70 $ 128 $ 128
v3.25.0.1
Revenue Recognition - Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]    
Contract assets $ 8 $ 14
Contract liabilities $ 382 $ 380
v3.25.0.1
Revenue Recognition - Performance Obligations (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]  
Remaining performance obligation $ 523
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-01-01  
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]  
Remaining performance obligation $ 341
Expected timing of remaining performance obligation, period 1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-01-01  
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]  
Remaining performance obligation $ 115
Expected timing of remaining performance obligation, period 1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2027-01-01  
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]  
Remaining performance obligation $ 67
Expected timing of remaining performance obligation, period
v3.25.0.1
Revenue Recognition - Contract Cost Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Contract cost assets    
Total contract cost assets $ 147 $ 149
Sales commissions    
Contract cost assets    
Total contract cost assets 145 143
Installation costs    
Contract cost assets    
Total contract cost assets $ 2 $ 6
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Book Value    
Financial Instruments    
Long-term debt $ 4,119 $ 4,139
Fair Value | Level 2    
Financial Instruments    
Long-term debt $ 4,015 $ 3,651
v3.25.0.1
Equipment Installment Plans - Narrative (Details)
Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Past due 30 days
v3.25.0.1
Equipment Installment Plans - EIP Receivables (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross $ 1,110 $ 1,151
Allowance for credit losses (82) (90)
Equipment installment plan receivables, net 1,028 1,061
Accounts receivable — Customers and agents (Current portion)    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, net 592 577
Other assets and deferred charges (Non-current portion)    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, net $ 436 $ 484
v3.25.0.1
Equipment Installment Plans - Gross Receivables by Credit Category (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross $ 1,110 $ 1,151
2022 138  
2023 358  
2024 614  
Unbilled    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 1,050 1,085
Billed | Current    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 42 43
Billed | Past due    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 18 23
Lowest Risk    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 1,001 1,024
2022 131  
2023 332  
2024 538  
Lowest Risk | Unbilled    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 955 977
Lowest Risk | Billed | Current    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 36 35
Lowest Risk | Billed | Past due    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 10 12
Lower Risk    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 86 100
2022 6  
2023 22  
2024 58  
Lower Risk | Unbilled    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 77 88
Lower Risk | Billed | Current    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 4 5
Lower Risk | Billed | Past due    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 5 7
Slight Risk    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 16 21
2022 1  
2023 3  
2024 12  
Slight Risk | Unbilled    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 13 16
Slight Risk | Billed | Current    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 1 2
Slight Risk | Billed | Past due    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 2 3
Higher Risk    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 7 6
2022 0  
2023 1  
2024 6  
Higher Risk | Unbilled    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 5 4
Higher Risk | Billed | Current    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross 1 1
Higher Risk | Billed | Past due    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables, gross $ 1 $ 1
v3.25.0.1
Equipment Installment Plans - Allowance for Credit Losses (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Allowance for credit losses    
Allowance for credit losses, beginning of year $ 90  
Allowance for credit losses, end of year 82 $ 90
Equipment Installment Plan Receivable    
Allowance for credit losses    
Write-offs, net of recoveries, originated in 2021 (1)  
Write-offs, net of recoveries, originated in 2022 18  
Write-offs, net of recoveries, originated in 2023 40  
Write-offs, net of recoveries, originated in 2024 16  
Write-offs, net of recoveries, Total 73 75
Allowance for credit losses, beginning of year 90 96
Bad debts expense 65 69
Write-offs, net of recoveries (73) (75)
Allowance for credit losses, end of year $ 82 $ 90
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Balances (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax [Line Items]    
Income taxes receivable $ 2 $ 4
Federal    
Income Tax [Line Items]    
Income taxes payable (1)  
Income taxes receivable   1
State    
Income Tax [Line Items]    
Income taxes receivable $ 2 $ 3
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Expense (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Current      
Current federal income tax expense (benefit) $ 3 $ (1) $ 1
Current state income tax expense 0 3 5
Deferred      
Deferred federal income tax expense (5) (10) 32
Deferred state income tax expense (benefit) 8 18 15
Total income tax expense (benefit) $ 6 $ 10 $ 53
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Other income tax disclosures      
Effect of unrecognized tax benefit on income tax expense $ 26 $ 31 $ 30
Net accrued interest and penalties 13 $ 13  
State      
Operating loss carryforwards      
State NOL carryforwards 4,526    
Deferred income tax asset for State NOL carryforwards 218    
State interest limitation carryforwards 742    
Deferred income tax asset for State interest limitation carryforwards 30    
Federal      
Operating loss carryforwards      
Federal NOL carryforwards 234    
Deferred income tax asset for Federal NOL carryforwards 49    
Federal interest limitation carryforwards 696    
Deferred income tax asset for Federal interest limitation carryforwards $ 146    
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Expense Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Income tax expense reconciliation      
Statutory federal income tax expense $ (4) $ (100) $ 26
State income taxes, net of federal benefit 6 16 16
Change in federal valuation allowance 20 8 7
Goodwill impairment 0 83 0
Sale of businesses (15) 0 0
Nondeductible compensation 3 7 7
Tax credits (2) (3) (2)
Other differences, net (2) (1) (1)
Total income tax expense (benefit) $ 6 $ 10 $ 53
Income tax rate reconciliation      
Statutory federal income tax rate 21.00% 21.00% 21.00%
State income taxes, net of federal benefit (32.40%) (3.40%) 12.80%
Change in federal valuation allowance (99.10%) (1.70%) 5.70%
Goodwill impairment 0.00% (17.40%) 0.00%
Sale of businesses 74.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Nondeductible compensation (13.50%) (1.40%) 5.60%
Tax credits 11.70% 0.60% (1.90%)
Other differences, net 4.20% 0.20% (0.60%)
Total income tax rate (34.10%) (2.10%) 42.60%
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Components of Deferred Income Tax (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Deferred tax assets    
Net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards $ 268 $ 284
Lease liabilities 253 260
Contract liabilities 60 61
Interest expense carryforwards 176 133
Asset retirement obligation 136 123
Other 109 98
Total deferred tax assets 1,002 959
Less valuation allowance (266) (216)
Net deferred tax assets 736 743
Deferred tax liabilities    
Property, plant and equipment 817 841
Licenses/intangibles 423 410
Partnership investments 191 181
Lease assets 238 242
Other 48 44
Total deferred tax liabilities 1,717 1,718
Net deferred income tax liability $ 981 $ 975
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Deferred tax valuation allowance, rollfoward      
Balance at beginning of year $ 216    
Balance at end of year 266 $ 216  
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance      
Deferred tax valuation allowance, rollfoward      
Balance at beginning of year 216 177 $ 149
Charged to Income tax expense 54 39 28
Charged to (Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net (4) 0 0
Balance at end of year $ 266 $ 216 $ 177
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Summary of unrecognized income tax benefits      
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at beginning of year $ 40 $ 38 $ 37
Additions for tax positions of current year 7 10 6
Additions for tax positions of prior years 0 0 1
Reductions for tax positions of prior years (7) (2) 0
Reductions for lapses in statutes of limitations (7) (6) (6)
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at end of year $ 33 $ 40 $ 38
v3.25.0.1
Earnings Per Share - Computation (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Earnings per share      
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS common shareholders used in basic earnings (loss) per share $ (97) $ (569) $ (7)
Noncontrolling interest adjustment 0 (1) (1)
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS common shareholders used in diluted earnings (loss) per share $ (97) $ (570) $ (8)
Weighted average number of shares used in basic earnings (loss) per share (in shares) 114 113 114
Weighted average number of shares used in diluted earnings (loss) per share (in shares) 114 113 114
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders $ (0.85) $ (5.05) $ (0.07)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to TDS common shareholders $ (0.85) $ (5.06) $ (0.07)
Common Shares      
Earnings per share      
Weighted average number of shares used in basic earnings (loss) per share (in shares) 107 106 107
Series A Common Shares      
Earnings per share      
Weighted average number of shares used in basic earnings (loss) per share (in shares) 7 7 7
v3.25.0.1
Earnings Per Share - Narrative (Details) - shares
shares in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]      
Antidilutive securities (in shares) 6 6 5
v3.25.0.1
Divestitures (Details)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
asset_group
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
Licenses $ 4,588 $ 4,702  
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review 56 13  
Cash received from divestitures 147 1 $ 8
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net (68) $ 0 $ (1)
OneNeck      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
Business divestiture agreement amount 101    
Cash received from divestitures 91    
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net (19)    
Contingent proceeds 9    
UScellular Total      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
Business divestiture agreement amount 4,400    
UScellular Total | Noncontrolling interests      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
Business divestiture agreement amount 400    
UScellular Total | Contingent consideration      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
Business divestiture agreement amount 100    
UScellular Total | Verizon Purchase Agreement      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
License sale agreement amount 1,000    
Licenses 586    
UScellular Total | AT&T Purchase Agreement      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
License sale agreement amount 1,018    
Licenses 859    
UScellular Total | AT&T Purchase Agreement | Noncontrolling interests      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
License sale agreement amount 232    
UScellular Total | Maximum      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
Amount of debt assumed under a business divestiture agreement 2,000    
UScellular Total | Put/Call Agreement      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
Business divestiture agreement amount 106    
Put/call amount/ fair value $ 5    
TDS Telecom      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
Asset groups | asset_group 1    
TDS Telecom | Virginia incumbent markets      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
Business divestiture agreement amount $ 31    
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net (22)    
TDS Telecom | Texas cable operations      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
Business divestiture agreement amount 27    
(Gain) loss on sale of business and other exit costs, net $ (27)    
UScellular      
Acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges      
Asset groups | asset_group 2    
v3.25.0.1
Intangible Assets - Schedules (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2024
Licenses      
Loss on impairment of intangible assets $ (136) $ 0  
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets      
Gross Amount   290 $ 290
Accumulated Amortization   (106) (128)
Net Amount   183 161
Franchise rights      
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets      
Gross Amount   255 255
Accumulated Amortization   (102) (121)
Net Amount   153 134
Internet protocol addresses      
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets      
Gross Amount   34 34
Accumulated Amortization   (4) (7)
Net Amount   29 26
Other      
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets      
Gross Amount   1 1
Accumulated Amortization   0 0
Net Amount   $ 1 $ 1
v3.25.0.1
Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details)
$ in Millions
 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
reporting_unit
license
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
license
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
license
Dec. 31, 2024
Jun. 30, 2024
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]                  
FCC licenses, number of accounting units     1       12 12 2
Loss on impairment of intangible assets $ 136   $ 0            
Licenses   $ 4,588 4,702            
Amortization expense for intangible assets   22 22 $ 21          
Estimated amortization expense                  
2025   29              
2026   29              
2027   29              
2028   29              
2029   29              
High-band spectrum                  
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]                  
Licenses $ 161                
Maximum                  
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]                  
Wireless spectrum license fair value exceeds carrying value 80.00%                
Minimum                  
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]                  
Wireless spectrum license fair value exceeds carrying value 9.00%                
TDS Telecom                  
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]                  
Goodwill     $ 0            
Number of reporting units | reporting_unit     1            
Loss on impairment of goodwill     $ 547            
TDS Telecom | Discounted cash flow method                  
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]                  
Weighted percentage of valuation method     75.00%            
TDS Telecom | Guideline public company method                  
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]                  
Weighted percentage of valuation method     25.00%            
Auction 107 | UScellular                  
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]                  
Licenses won | license         254        
Total winning bid         $ 1,283        
FCC upfront payment           $ 30      
Cash paid for licenses   $ 8 $ 122 $ 8 $ 36        
v3.25.0.1
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]        
Capital contributions, loans, advances and adjustments $ 115 $ 115    
Cumulative share of income 2,939 2,775    
Cumulative share of distributions (2,582) (2,413)    
Total equity method investments 472 477    
Measurement alternative method investments 19 19    
Investments recorded using the net asset value practical expedient 9 9    
Total investments in unconsolidated entities 500 505 $ 495  
Assets        
Current 1,695 1,660    
Assets 13,682 [1] 13,921 [1] 14,550  
Liabilities and Equity        
Current liabilities 1,090 1,184    
Partners’ capital and shareholders’ equity 5,868 5,996 6,603 $ 6,734
Total liabilities and equity [1] 13,682 13,921    
Results of Operations        
Revenues 4,964 5,160 5,413  
Operating expenses 4,901 5,574 5,291  
Operating income 63 (414) 122  
Net income (loss) (26) (487) 72  
Equity method investments        
Assets        
Current 1,264 1,038    
Noncurrent 6,577 6,440    
Assets 7,841 7,478    
Liabilities and Equity        
Current liabilities 860 765    
Noncurrent liabilities 1,636 1,156    
Partners’ capital and shareholders’ equity 5,345 5,557    
Total liabilities and equity 7,841 7,478    
Results of Operations        
Revenues 7,574 7,304 7,303  
Operating expenses 5,950 5,704 5,684  
Operating income 1,624 1,600 1,619  
Other income (expense), net (3) (30) (19)  
Net income (loss) $ 1,621 $ 1,570 $ 1,600  
[1] The consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, include assets held by consolidated variable interest entities (VIEs) of $983 million and $1,188 million, respectively, which are not available to be used to settle the obligations of TDS. The consolidated total liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, include certain liabilities of consolidated VIEs of $24 million and $23 million, respectively, for which the creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of TDS. See Note 16 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.
v3.25.0.1
Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Land $ 65 $ 67  
Buildings 420 542  
Leasehold and land improvements 1,651 1,598  
Cable and wire 3,191 2,928  
Network and switching equipment 2,241 2,717  
Cell site equipment 3,492 4,381  
Office furniture and equipment 242 272  
Other operating assets and equipment 240 240  
System development 2,267 2,214  
Work in process 554 653  
Total property, plant and equipment, gross 14,363 15,612  
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (9,369) (10,550)  
Property, plant and equipment, net 4,994 5,062  
Depreciation and amortization expense $ 891 $ 865 $ 882
Buildings | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 15 years    
Buildings | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 40 years    
Leasehold and land improvements | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 1 year    
Leasehold and land improvements | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 30 years    
Cable and wire | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 15 years    
Cable and wire | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 40 years    
Network and switching equipment | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 1 year    
Network and switching equipment | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 10 years    
Cell site equipment | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 7 years    
Cell site equipment | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 30 years    
Office furniture and equipment | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 3 years    
Office furniture and equipment | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 10 years    
Other operating assets and equipment | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 1 year    
Other operating assets and equipment | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 12 years    
System development | Minimum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 1 year    
System development | Maximum      
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]      
Useful life 7 years    
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Lease, Cost [Abstract]      
Operating lease cost $ 213 $ 207 $ 206
Variable lease cost 14 13 12
Total lease cost $ 227 $ 220 $ 218
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:      
Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 224 $ 213 $ 204
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:      
Operating leases $ 178 $ 168 $ 125
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Lease Term and Discount Rate (Details)
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term    
Operating leases 13 years 12 years
Weighted Average Discount Rate    
Operating leases 4.70% 4.30%
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Operating Leases  
2025 $ 195
2026 168
2027 143
2028 121
2029 91
Thereafter 720
Total lease payments 1,438
Less: Imputed interest 418
Present value of lease liabilities 1,020
Legally binding lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced $ 27
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Components of Lease Income (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Leases      
Operating lease income $ 121 $ 127 $ 120
Service      
Leases      
Operating lease income, Income statement location Total operating revenues Total operating revenues Total operating revenues
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Maturities of Expected Lease Revenues (Details)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
2025 $ 89
2026 79
2027 61
2028 47
2029 27
Thereafter 19
Total future lease maturities $ 322
v3.25.0.1
Asset Retirement Obligations (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Asset retirement obligations    
Balance at beginning of year $ 556 $ 524
Additional liabilities accrued 25 10
Revisions in estimated cash outflows 9 (3)
Disposition of assets (11) (4)
Accretion expense 29 29
Balance at end of year $ 608 $ 556
v3.25.0.1
Debt - Revolving Credit Agreements (Details)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
TDS Revolving Credit Agreement  
Revolving credit  
Maximum borrowing capacity $ 400
Letters of credit outstanding 1
Amounts borrowed and outstanding 0
Amount available for use 399
Amount borrowed during the period 100
Amount repaid during the period 200
UScellular Revolving Credit Agreement  
Revolving credit  
Maximum borrowing capacity 300
Letters of credit outstanding 0
Amounts borrowed and outstanding 0
Amount available for use $ 300
TDS and UScellular Revolving Credit Agreements | SOFR Rate  
Revolving credit  
Contractual spread 1.60%
v3.25.0.1
Debt - Term Loan Agreements (Details) - USD ($)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 01, 2026
Mar. 01, 2026
Dec. 31, 2024
Oct. 31, 2024
TDS Term Loan 1        
Long-term debt        
Maximum borrowing capacity     $ 200,000,000  
Amount borrowed and outstanding     194,000,000  
Amount borrowed and repaid     6,000,000  
Amount available for use     0  
Quarterly installments     500,000  
TDS Term Loan 2        
Long-term debt        
Maximum borrowing capacity     300,000,000  
Amount borrowed and outstanding     293,000,000  
Amount borrowed and repaid     7,000,000  
Amount available for use     0  
Quarterly installments     750,000  
TDS Term Loan 2 | Subsequent Event        
Long-term debt        
Quarterly installments $ 2,000,000      
TDS Term Loan 3        
Long-term debt        
Maximum borrowing capacity     375,000,000  
Amount borrowed and outstanding     298,000,000  
Amount borrowed and repaid     2,000,000  
Amount available for use     $ 75,000,000  
Debt instrument periodic payment rate     0.25%  
TDS Unsecured Term Loan Agreements        
Long-term debt        
Maximum borrowing capacity     $ 875,000,000  
Amount borrowed and outstanding     785,000,000  
Amount borrowed and repaid     15,000,000  
Amount available for use     75,000,000  
UScellular Term Loan 1        
Long-term debt        
Maximum borrowing capacity     300,000,000  
Amount borrowed and outstanding     237,000,000  
Amount borrowed and repaid     63,000,000 $ 40,000,000
Amount available for use     0  
Quarterly installments     4,000,000  
UScellular Term Loan 1 | Subsequent Event        
Long-term debt        
Quarterly installments   $ 8,000,000    
UScellular Term Loan 2        
Long-term debt        
Maximum borrowing capacity     300,000,000  
Amount borrowed and outstanding     290,000,000  
Amount borrowed and repaid     10,000,000  
Amount available for use     0  
Quarterly installments     750,000  
UScellular Term Loan 3        
Long-term debt        
Maximum borrowing capacity     200,000,000  
Amount borrowed and outstanding     196,000,000  
Amount borrowed and repaid     4,000,000  
Amount available for use     0  
Quarterly installments     500,000  
UScellular Term Loan 3 | Subsequent Event        
Long-term debt        
Quarterly installments $ 1,000,000      
UScellular Unsecured Term Loan Agreements        
Long-term debt        
Maximum borrowing capacity     800,000,000  
Amount borrowed and outstanding     723,000,000  
Amount borrowed and repaid     77,000,000  
Amount available for use     $ 0  
SOFR Rate | TDS Term Loan 1        
Long-term debt        
Contractual spread     2.10%  
SOFR Rate | TDS Term Loan 2        
Long-term debt        
Contractual spread     2.60%  
SOFR Rate | TDS Term Loan 3        
Long-term debt        
Contractual spread     7.00%  
SOFR Rate | UScellular Term Loan 1        
Long-term debt        
Contractual spread     1.60%  
SOFR Rate | UScellular Term Loan 2        
Long-term debt        
Contractual spread     2.10%  
SOFR Rate | UScellular Term Loan 3        
Long-term debt        
Contractual spread     2.60%  
v3.25.0.1
Debt - Secured Term Loan Agreement (Details) - TDS Secured Term Loan
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
shares
Long-term debt  
Maximum borrowing capacity $ 300
Amounts borrowed and outstanding $ 300
Assets pledged  
Long-term debt  
Common shares | shares 26
SOFR Rate  
Long-term debt  
Contractual spread 2.00%
v3.25.0.1
Debt - Export Credit Financing Agreements (Details)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
TDS export credit financing agreement  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Maximum borrowing capacity $ 150
Amounts borrowed and outstanding 150
UScellular export credit financing agreement  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Maximum borrowing capacity 150
Amounts borrowed and outstanding $ 150
SOFR Rate | TDS export credit financing agreement  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Contractual spread 1.60%
SOFR Rate | UScellular export credit financing agreement  
Debt Instrument [Line Items]  
Contractual spread 1.60%
v3.25.0.1
Debt - Receivables Securitization Agreement (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables $ 1,110 $ 1,151
UScellular | Receivables securitization agreement    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Maximum borrowing capacity 450  
Amount repaid during the period 188  
Amount borrowed during the period 40  
Amounts borrowed and outstanding 2  
Amount available for use 448  
UScellular | Receivables securitization agreement | Assets pledged    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Equipment installment plan receivables $ 94  
Lender's cost of funds | UScellular | Receivables securitization agreement    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Contractual spread 1.15%  
v3.25.0.1
Debt - Long-Term Debt (Details)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Apr. 01, 2025
Apr. 01, 2024
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Long-term debt          
Principal amount $ 4,164       $ 4,179
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs 82       73
Total long term debt 4,082       4,106
Current portion of long-term debt 31       26
Long-term debt, net 4,051       4,080
Long-term debt maturities          
Scheduled principal payments 2025 31        
Scheduled principal payments 2026 539        
Scheduled principal payments 2027 322        
Scheduled principal payments 2028 485        
Scheduled principal payments 2029 $ 299        
Consolidated leverage ratio     4.00 4.25  
Consolidated interest coverage ratio 3.00        
TDS Term Loan 3          
Long-term debt maturities          
Consolidated leverage ratio     4.50    
Subsequent Event          
Long-term debt maturities          
Consolidated leverage ratio   3.75      
Subsequent Event | TDS Term Loan 3          
Long-term debt maturities          
Consolidated leverage ratio   4.25      
6.7% Senior Notes | UScellular          
Long-term debt          
Interest rate on debt 6.70%        
Principal amount $ 544       544
Long-term debt 534       533
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs $ 10       11
Redemption price, percentage 100.00%        
6.7% Senior Notes | Treasury Rate | UScellular          
Long-term debt          
Interest rate on debt 0.30%        
6.25% Senior Notes | UScellular          
Long-term debt          
Interest rate on debt 6.25%        
Principal amount $ 500       500
Long-term debt 483       483
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs $ 17       17
5.5% Senior Notes | UScellular          
Long-term debt          
Interest rate on debt 5.50%        
Principal amount $ 500       500
Long-term debt 483       483
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs $ 17       17
5.5% Senior Notes | UScellular          
Long-term debt          
Interest rate on debt 5.50%        
Principal amount $ 500       500
Long-term debt 484       484
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs $ 16       16
Callable Notes          
Long-term debt          
Redemption price, percentage 100.00%        
UScellular Unsecured Term Loan Agreements | UScellular          
Long-term debt          
Principal amount $ 723       783
Long-term debt 719       779
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs 4       4
TDS Unsecured Term Loan Agreements          
Long-term debt          
Principal amount 785       492
Long-term debt 769       488
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs 16       4
TDS Secured Term Loan          
Long-term debt          
Principal amount 300       300
Long-term debt 298       297
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs 2       3
Receivables securitization agreement | UScellular          
Long-term debt          
Principal amount 2       150
Long-term debt 2       150
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs 0       0
TDS export credit financing agreement          
Long-term debt          
Principal amount 150       150
Long-term debt 150       150
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs 0       0
UScellular export credit financing agreement | UScellular          
Long-term debt          
Principal amount 150       150
Long-term debt 150       149
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs 0       1
TDS Revolving Credit Agreement          
Long-term debt          
Principal amount 0       100
Long-term debt 0       100
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs 0       0
Finance lease obligations          
Long-term debt          
Principal amount 7       6
Long-term debt 7       6
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs 0       0
Other long-term notes          
Long-term debt          
Principal amount 3       4
Long-term debt 3       4
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs 0       $ 0
Subordination Agreement | UScellular          
Long-term debt maturities          
Consolidated funded indebtedness 0        
Refinancing indebtedness 0        
Subordination Agreement | UScellular | Maximum          
Long-term debt maturities          
Consolidated funded indebtedness 105        
Refinancing indebtedness $ 250        
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets at end of year $ 84 $ 71  
Benefit obligation at end of year 39 39  
Funded status 45 32  
Pension      
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined contribution cost 17 16 $ 17
Retirement Savings (401(k) Plan)      
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Defined contribution cost $ 28 $ 29 $ 28
v3.25.0.1
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Loss Contingency, Estimate [Abstract]    
Accrual for legal proceedings and unasserted claims $ 0 $ 0
UScellular    
Loss Contingency, Estimate [Abstract]    
FCC License Auction, Percent of Bid Credit in Each Auction 25.00%  
v3.25.0.1
Variable Interest Entities - Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Assets      
Cash and cash equivalents $ 364 $ 236  
Accounts receivable 962 992  
Inventory, net 183 208  
Other current assets 33 52  
Licenses 4,588 4,702  
Property, plant and equipment, net 4,994 5,062  
Operating lease right-of-use assets 982 987  
Other assets and deferred charges 762 807  
Assets 13,682 [1] 13,921 [1] $ 14,550
Liabilities      
Current liabilities 1,090 1,184  
Long-term operating lease liabilities 867 890  
Other deferred liabilities and credits 809 784  
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities      
Assets      
Cash and cash equivalents 51 24  
Accounts receivable 639 631  
Inventory, net 5 4  
Other current assets 16 30  
Licenses 639 639  
Property, plant and equipment, net 113 123  
Operating lease right-of-use assets 46 43  
Other assets and deferred charges 446 494  
Assets 1,955 1,988  
Liabilities      
Current liabilities 34 34  
Long-term operating lease liabilities 39 38  
Other deferred liabilities and credits 27 26  
Total liabilities $ 100 $ 98  
[1] The consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, include assets held by consolidated variable interest entities (VIEs) of $983 million and $1,188 million, respectively, which are not available to be used to settle the obligations of TDS. The consolidated total liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, include certain liabilities of consolidated VIEs of $24 million and $23 million, respectively, for which the creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of TDS. See Note 16 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.
v3.25.0.1
Variable Interest Entities - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Variable Interest Entities, Other Disclosures      
Investment in unconsolidated entities, maximum exposure $ 5 $ 6  
Capital contributions, loans or advances 331 306 $ 282
USCC EIP LLC      
Variable Interest Entities, Other Disclosures      
Capital contributions, loans or advances $ 285 $ 271 $ 249
v3.25.0.1
Noncontrolling Interests (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]      
Net income attributable to TDS shareholders $ (28) $ (500) $ 62
Transfer (to) from the noncontrolling interests      
Change in TDS’ Capital in excess of par value from UScellular's issuance of UScellular shares (43) (33) (19)
Change in TDS’ Capital in excess of par value from UScellular’s repurchases of UScellular shares (4) 0 35
Net transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests (47) (33) 16
Net income (loss) attributable to TDS shareholders after transfers (to) from noncontrolling interests (75) $ (533) $ 78
Redeemable noncontrolling interest      
Settlement value of mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests 21    
Carrying value of mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests $ 6    
v3.25.0.1
Shareholders' Equity - Narrative (Details)
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 01, 2017
shares
Nov. 30, 2009
shares
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
director
vote
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Aug. 02, 2013
USD ($)
Share repurchases              
Purchase price | $       $ 6,000,000 $ 40,000,000    
Series A Common Shares              
Shareholders' equity, other disclosures              
Number of votes | vote     10        
Number of directors entitled to elect shares | director     8        
Common Shares              
Shareholders' equity, other disclosures              
Number of votes | vote     1        
Number of directors entitled to elect shares | director     4        
Share repurchases              
Repurchase authorization | $             $ 250,000,000
Repurchase authorization, maximum dollar value | $     $ 132,000,000        
Common Shares | Share Conversion              
Shareholders' equity, other disclosures              
Shares reserved (in shares)     7,534,000        
Common Shares | Tax-Deferred Savings Plan              
Shareholders' equity, other disclosures              
Shares reserved (in shares)     916,000        
UScellular Common Shares | UScellular              
Share repurchases              
Repurchase authorization, additional number of shares per year (in shares)   1,300,000          
Repurchase of Common Shares     939,999        
Purchase price | $     $ 55,000,000        
Average cost per share | $ / shares     $ 58.06        
Repurchase authorization, cumulative shares authorized (in shares)     986,942        
UScellular Common Shares | UScellular | Maximum              
Share repurchases              
Repurchase authorization, additional number of shares per year (in shares) 1,300,000            
UScellular Common Shares | UScellular | Minimum              
Share repurchases              
Repurchase authorization, additional number of shares per year (in shares) 0            
Series UU Preferred Shares              
Shareholders' equity, other disclosures              
Shares issued           16,800  
Interest rate     6.625%     6.625%  
Shares issued (price per share) | $ / shares           $ 25,000  
Depositary shares | $           $ 16,800,000  
Liquidation preference per share (in dollars per share) | $     $ 25,000        
Redemption price per Preferred Share | $ / shares     $ 25,000        
Common Shares issued upon conversion     2,773.2        
Series UU Preferred Shares | Redemption price after credit rating downgrade              
Shareholders' equity, other disclosures              
Redemption price per Preferred Share | $ / shares     $ 25,500        
Series UU Preferred Shares | Redemption price after change in control              
Shareholders' equity, other disclosures              
Redemption price per Preferred Share | $ / shares     $ 25,000        
Series VV Preferred Shares              
Shareholders' equity, other disclosures              
Shares issued           27,600  
Interest rate     6.00%     6.00%  
Shares issued (price per share) | $ / shares           $ 25,000  
Depositary shares | $           $ 27,600,000  
Liquidation preference per share (in dollars per share) | $     $ 25,000        
Redemption price per Preferred Share | $ / shares     $ 25,000        
Common Shares issued upon conversion     2,584        
Series VV Preferred Shares | Redemption price after credit rating downgrade              
Shareholders' equity, other disclosures              
Redemption price per Preferred Share | $ / shares     $ 25,500        
Series VV Preferred Shares | Redemption price after change in control              
Shareholders' equity, other disclosures              
Redemption price per Preferred Share | $ / shares     $ 25,000        
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation - TDS, Overview (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Stock based compensation      
Stock-based compensation expense $ 71 $ 41 $ 42
Income tax benefit (18) (10) (11)
Total stock-based compensation expense, net of income taxes 53 31 31
Unrecognized compensation cost for all stock-based compensation awards $ 64    
Weighted average period for recognition of unrecognized compensation cost for all stock-based compensation awards 1 year 8 months 12 days    
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options and other awards $ 18    
Selling, general and administrative expense      
Stock based compensation      
Stock-based compensation expense 63 36 36
Cost of services expense      
Stock based compensation      
Stock-based compensation expense 8 5 6
Long-Term Incentive Plans | Stock Options      
Stock based compensation      
Stock-based compensation expense 0 0 1
Long-Term Incentive Plans | Restricted Stock Units      
Stock based compensation      
Stock-based compensation expense 41 32 28
Long-Term Incentive Plans | Performance Share Units      
Stock based compensation      
Stock-based compensation expense 28 7 11
Non-Employee Directors' Plan      
Stock based compensation      
Stock-based compensation expense $ 2 $ 2 $ 2
Non-Employee Directors' Plan | TDS | Common Shares      
Stock based compensation      
Shares reserved 451,000    
Shares issued 49,000 81,000 51,000
TDS Long-Term Incentive Plans | TDS | Common Shares      
Stock based compensation      
Shares reserved 24,798,000    
Dividend Reinvestment Plan | TDS | Series A Common Shares      
Stock based compensation      
Shares reserved 561,000    
Purchase price, percent 95.00%    
Dividend Reinvestment Plan | TDS | Common Shares      
Stock based compensation      
Shares reserved 2,075,000    
Purchase price, percent 95.00%    
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation - TDS excluding UScellular, Restricted Stock Units (Details) - Restricted Stock Units - TDS - Common Shares - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Stock based compensation, Nonvested shares rollforward, number of shares      
Nonvested stock units, beginning of period - Number of shares (in shares) 3,635,000    
Granted number of shares (in shares) 717,000    
Vested number of shares (in shares) (1,357,000)    
Forfeited number of shares (in shares) (319,000)    
Nonvested stock units, end of period - Number of shares (in shares) 2,676,000 3,635,000  
Stock based compensation, Nonvested shares weighted average grant date fair value      
Nonvested stock units - beginning of period weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) $ 9.76    
Granted weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 20.12 $ 5.23 $ 15.34
Vested weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 12.87    
Forfeited weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 11.50    
Nonvested stock units - end of period weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) $ 11.75 $ 9.76  
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Fair value of vested stock units $ 28 $ 4 $ 7
Annual vesting percentage 33.33%    
Award vesting period 3 years    
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation - TDS excluding UScellular, Performance Share Units (Details) - Common Shares - Performance Share Units - TDS - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Stock based compensation, Nonvested shares rollforward, number of shares      
Nonvested stock units, beginning of period - Number of shares (in shares) 2,201,000    
Granted number of shares (in shares) 468,000    
Vested number of shares (in shares) (192,000)    
Change in units based on approved performance factors (in shares) 69,000    
Forfeited number of shares (in shares) (500,000)    
Accumulated dividend equivalents (in shares) 31,000    
Nonvested stock units, end of period - Number of shares (in shares) 2,077,000 2,201,000  
Stock based compensation, Nonvested shares weighted average grant date fair value      
Nonvested stock units - beginning of period weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) $ 12.17    
Granted weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 20.26 $ 7.14 $ 17.42
Vested weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 23.61    
Change in units based on approved performance factors weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 23.76    
Forfeited weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 16.80    
Accumulated dividend equivalents, weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 11.22    
Nonvested stock units - end of period weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) $ 12.48 $ 12.17  
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Award vesting period 3 years    
Fair value of vested stock units $ 3 $ 5 $ 5
2023 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance share awards target 150.00%    
Performance period 1 year    
2022 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance period 3 years    
2024 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance share awards target 192.00%    
Performance period 2 years    
Market-based | 2023 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance period 3 years    
Market-based | 2024 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance period 3 years    
2023 Modifications      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Incremental expense of award modification   $ 2  
Minimum | 2023 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance share awards target 0.00%    
Minimum | 2022 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance share awards target 0.00%    
Minimum | 2024 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance share awards target 0.00%    
Performance period 1 year    
Maximum | 2023 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance share awards target 160.00%    
Maximum | 2022 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance share awards target 200.00%    
Maximum | 2024 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance share awards target 200.00%    
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation - TDS excluding UScellular, Stock options (Details) - Common Shares - TDS Long-Term Incentive Plans - Stock Options - TDS
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Stock compensation, number of shares  
Outstanding, beginning of period (in shares) | shares 2,517,000
Exercised options (in shares) | shares (357,000)
Forfeited options (in shares) | shares (4,000)
Expired options (in shares) | shares (543,000)
Outstanding, end of period (in shares) | shares 1,613,000
Exercisable options, end of period (in shares) | shares 1,613,000
Stock compensation, other information  
Options outstanding, beginning of period - weighted average exercise price (USD per share) | $ / shares $ 26.72
Options exercised, weighted average exercise price (USD per share) | $ / shares 25.69
Options forfeited, weighted average exercise price (USD per share) | $ / shares 25.36
Options expired, weighted average exercise price (USD per share) | $ / shares 26.88
Options outstanding, end of period - weighted average exercise price (USD per share) | $ / shares 26.90
Options exercisable, end of period - weighted average exercise price (USD per share) | $ / shares $ 26.90
Aggregate intrinsic value, options outstanding | $ $ 12
Aggregate intrinsic value, options exercisable | $ $ 12
Weighted average remaining contractual life, outstanding 2 years 10 months 24 days
Weighted average remaining contractual life, exercisable 2 years 10 months 24 days
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation - TDS excluding UScellular, Deferred Stock Compensation Units (Details) - Deferred Compensation Stock Units - TDS - Common Shares
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Percent of match up to 50% from annual bonus 25.00%
Percent of match above 50% from annual bonus 33.00%
Award vesting period 3 years
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation - UScellular, Overview (Details) - UScellular - Common Shares - shares
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
UScellular Long-Term Incentive Plans      
Stock-based compensation, overview      
Shares reserved 13,035,000    
Non-Employee Directors' Plan      
Stock-based compensation, overview      
Shares reserved 480,000    
Shares issued 20,000 36,000 22,000
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation - UScellular, Restricted Stock Units (Details) - UScellular Long-Term Incentive Plans - Common Shares - Restricted Stock Units - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Stock based compensation, Nonvested shares rollforward, number of shares      
Nonvested stock units, beginning of period - Number of shares (in shares) 2,548,000    
Granted number of shares (in shares) 728,000    
Vested number of shares (in shares) (782,000)    
Forfeited number of shares (in shares) (56,000)    
Nonvested stock units, end of period - Number of shares (in shares) 2,438,000 2,548,000  
Stock based compensation, Nonvested shares weighted average grant date fair value      
Nonvested stock units - beginning of period weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) $ 27.26    
Granted weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 35.67 $ 21.15 $ 30.35
Vested weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 31.98    
Forfeited weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 27.68    
Nonvested stock units - end of period weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) $ 29.01 $ 27.26  
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Fair value of vested stock units $ 28 $ 12 $ 9
Award vesting period 2 years    
Maximum      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Award vesting period 3 years    
Minimum      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Annual vesting percentage 33.33%    
2024 Modifications | UScellular      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Incremental expense of award modification $ 4    
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation - UScellular, Performance Stock Units (Details) - Performance Share Units - UScellular Long-Term Incentive Plans - Common Shares - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Stock based compensation, Nonvested shares rollforward, number of shares      
Nonvested stock units, beginning of period - Number of shares (in shares) 1,457,000    
Granted number of shares (in shares) 409,000    
Vested number of shares (in shares) (263,000)    
Change in units based on approved performance factors number of shares 114,000    
Forfeited number of shares (in shares) (109,000)    
Nonvested stock units, end of period - Number of shares (in shares) 1,608,000 1,457,000  
Stock based compensation, Nonvested shares weighted average grant date fair value      
Nonvested stock units - beginning of period weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) $ 27.37    
Granted weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 36.59 $ 21.26 $ 31.35
Vested weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 20.06    
Change in units based on approved performance factors weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 23.06    
Forfeited weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) 21.35    
Nonvested stock units - end of period weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share) $ 31.91 $ 27.37  
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Fair value of vested stock units $ 9 $ 7 $ 6
Award vesting period 3 years    
Chief Executive Officer      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Performance share awards target 100.00%    
2022 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance period 3 years    
2023 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance period 1 year    
2024 grants      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Performance period 1 year    
2023 Modifications | UScellular      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Incremental expense of award modification $ 10 $ 4  
2024 Modifications | UScellular      
Shares issued and granted under stock compensation plans      
Incremental expense of award modification $ 6    
Minimum | 2022 grants      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Performance share awards target 75.00%    
Minimum | 2023 grants      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Performance share awards target 0.00%    
Minimum | 2024 grants      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Performance share awards target 0.00%    
Maximum | 2022 grants      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Performance share awards target 200.00%    
Maximum | 2023 grants      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Performance share awards target 150.00%    
Maximum | 2024 grants      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Performance share awards target 175.00%    
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation - UScellular, Stock options (Details) - UScellular Long-Term Incentive Plans - Common Shares - Stock Options - $ / shares
shares in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Stock compensation, number of shares    
Stock options outstanding 41 112
Stock compensation, other information    
Stock options outstanding - weighted average exercise price (USD per share) $ 45.51 $ 44.34
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation - UScellular, Deferred Stock Units (Details) - Deferred Compensation Stock Units - UScellular Long-Term Incentive Plans - Common Shares
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Percent of match from annual bonus 33.00%
Award vesting period 3 years
v3.25.0.1
Business Segment Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues $ 4,964 $ 5,160 $ 5,413
Selling, general and administrative 1,721 1,753 1,768
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review 56 13  
Income (loss) before income taxes (20) (477) 125
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (943) (915) (929)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets (137) (547) (3)
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net (30) (27) (27)
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 68 0 1
Gain (loss) on license sales and exchanges, net (3) 2 0
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities 164 159 159
Interest and dividend income 27 20 17
Interest expense (279) (244) (174)
Income (loss) before income taxes (20) (477) 125
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (943) (915) (929)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets (137) (547) (3)
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net (30) (27) (27)
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 68 0 1
Investments in unconsolidated entities 500 505 495
Total assets 13,682 [1] 13,921 [1] 14,550
Capital expenditures 906 1,197 1,285
All Other      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 137 230 228
Income (loss) before income taxes (118) (79) (23)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (7) (14) (14)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets 0 0 0
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net 0 0 (1)
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 19   0
Gain (loss) on license sales and exchanges, net 0 0  
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities 161 158 158
Interest and dividend income 12 10 8
Interest expense 178 188 156
Income (loss) before income taxes (118) (79) (23)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (7) (14) (14)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets 0 0 0
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net 0 0 (1)
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 19   0
Investments in unconsolidated entities 42 40 39
Total assets 322 307 375
Capital expenditures 5 9 12
UScellular Total      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Investments in unconsolidated entities 454 461 452
Total assets 10,449 10,750 11,119
TDS Telecom | Operating segment      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 1,057 1,024 1,016
Selling, general and administrative 320 326 313
Other segment items (9) (6) (3)
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review 0 0  
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP) 350 285 291
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (271) (245) (215)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets (1) (547) 0
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net (12) (10) (7)
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 49   0
Gain (loss) on license sales and exchanges, net 0 0  
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (271) (245) (215)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets (1) (547) 0
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net (12) (10) (7)
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 49   0
Investments in unconsolidated entities 4 4 4
Total assets 2,911 2,864 3,056
Capital expenditures 324 577 556
TDS Telecom | Intersegment Revenues      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 4 4 4
TDS Telecom | Operating Segments Excluding Intersegment Elimination      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 1,061 1,028 1,020
Wireless Segment | Operating segment      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 3,667 3,805 4,076
Selling, general and administrative 1,298 1,334 1,376
Other segment items 0 0 0
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review (33) (8)  
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP) 719 697 677
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (620) (610) (655)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets (136) 0 (3)
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net (17) (19) (19)
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 0   1
Gain (loss) on license sales and exchanges, net (3) 2  
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (620) (610) (655)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets (136) 0 (3)
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net (17) (19) (19)
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 0   1
Capital expenditures 554 580 689
Wireless Segment | Intersegment Revenues      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 0 0 0
Wireless Segment | Operating Segments Excluding Intersegment Elimination      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 3,667 3,805 4,076
Towers Segment | Operating segment      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 103 101 93
Selling, general and administrative 32 34 32
Other segment items 0 0 0
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review (2) 0  
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP) 126 121 113
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (45) (46) (45)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets 0 0 0
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net (1) 2 0
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 0   0
Gain (loss) on license sales and exchanges, net 0 0  
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (45) (46) (45)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets 0 0 0
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net (1) 2 0
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 0   0
Capital expenditures 23 31 28
Towers Segment | Intersegment Revenues      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 131 127 123
Towers Segment | Operating Segments Excluding Intersegment Elimination      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 234 228 216
Total      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 4,827 4,930 5,185
Expenses related to strategic alternatives review 35 8  
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP) 1,195 1,103 1,081
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (936) (901) (915)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets (137) (547) (3)
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net (30) (27) (26)
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 49   1
Gain (loss) on license sales and exchanges, net (3) 2  
Depreciation, amortization and accretion (936) (901) (915)
Loss on impairment of intangible assets (137) (547) (3)
Gain (loss) on asset disposals, net (30) (27) (26)
Gain (loss) on sale of business and other exit costs, net 49   1
Investments in unconsolidated entities 4 4 4
Total assets 2,911 2,864 3,056
Capital expenditures 901 1,188 1,273
Total | Intersegment Revenues      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 135 131 127
Total | Operating Segments Excluding Intersegment Elimination      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 4,962 5,061 5,312
Total | Intra-company eliminations      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues (135) (131) (127)
Service      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 4,110 4,169 4,240
Cost of goods and services sold 1,174 1,240 1,245
Service | TDS Telecom | Operating segment      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Cost of goods and services sold 400 423 418
Service | Wireless Segment | Operating segment      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Cost of goods and services sold 777 794 807
Service | Towers Segment | Operating segment      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Cost of goods and services sold 78 73 71
Equipment and product sales      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total operating revenues 854 991 1,173
Cost of goods and services sold 961 1,094 1,320
Equipment and product sales | TDS Telecom | Operating segment      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Cost of goods and services sold 1 0 1
Equipment and product sales | Wireless Segment | Operating segment      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Cost of goods and services sold 906 988 1,216
Equipment and product sales | Towers Segment | Operating segment      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Cost of goods and services sold $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
[1] The consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, include assets held by consolidated variable interest entities (VIEs) of $983 million and $1,188 million, respectively, which are not available to be used to settle the obligations of TDS. The consolidated total liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, include certain liabilities of consolidated VIEs of $24 million and $23 million, respectively, for which the creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of TDS. See Note 16 — Variable Interest Entities for additional information.
v3.25.0.1
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Supplemental Cash Flow [Line Items]      
Interest paid $ 265 $ 235 $ 164
Income taxes paid, net of (refunds received) 4 (50) (119)
Supplemental cash flows, stock based compensation      
Net cash receipts (disbursements) from exercise of stock options and vesting of other stock awards (2) (3) (4)
Net cash receipts (disbursements) from exercise of stock options and vesting of other stock awards, subsidiary (11) (6) (5)
Noncash software license acquisitions 28 25 130
Other current liabilities      
Supplemental cash flows, stock based compensation      
Short-term software license liabilities 45 68  
Other deferred liabilities and credits      
Supplemental cash flows, stock based compensation      
Long-term software license liabilities 19 36  
TDS      
Supplemental cash flows, stock based compensation      
Cash receipts upon exercise of stock options 9 0 0
Cash disbursements for payment of taxes (11) (3) (4)
Net cash receipts (disbursements) from exercise of stock options and vesting of other stock awards (2) (3) (4)
UScellular      
Supplemental cash flows, stock based compensation      
Cash receipts upon exercise of stock options 2 0 0
Cash disbursements for payment of taxes (13) (6) (5)
Net cash receipts (disbursements) from exercise of stock options and vesting of other stock awards, subsidiary $ (11) $ (6) $ (5)
Common Shares | TDS      
Supplemental cash flows, stock based compensation      
Common Shares withheld (in shares) 565,000 338,000 225,000
Aggregate value of Common Shares withheld $ 11 $ 3 $ 4
UScellular Common Shares | UScellular      
Supplemental cash flows, stock based compensation      
Common Shares withheld (in shares) 363,000 347,000 154,000
Aggregate value of Common Shares withheld $ 13 $ 9 $ 5
v3.25.0.1
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Sidley Austin LLP      
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]      
Legal expense $ 19 $ 16 $ 8