Pay vs Performance Disclosure, Table

Pay Versus Performance. The SEC requires us to present the following disclosures of our “pay versus performance”. These disclosures are intended to show the relationship of the compensation we paid to certain of our executives compared to our financial performance over the past five years. Below you will find: (1) a table with five years of information on compensation “actually paid” to the Principal Executive Officer (“PEO”), which is our CEO, and our other NEOs for the applicable years on average as a group, as well as Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”), net income and EBITDA as adjusted if applicable, as described below; (2) disclosures explaining the relationship between compensation “actually paid” and the performance measures disclosed in the Pay versus Performance Table; and (3) a tabular list of financial performance measures we use to link compensation “actually paid” to NEOs for the last fiscal year to our performance. Our Company produced earnings in the past five years which resulted in a substantial increase in our stock price. The SEC’s definition of compensation “actually paid” includes the increase in value of unvested restricted stock held by our NEOs which vest over four years with 70% of any award vesting in the third and fourth years. As a result, compensation “actually paid” pursuant to the SEC’s definition of that term has increased significantly over that time in part as a result of appreciation in the value of unvested restricted stock. Our NEOs may or may not receive the full economic benefit of the compensation showed as “actually paid” depending on the stock price at the time of vest of the restricted stock despite the characterization of such compensation being “actually paid” pursuant to SEC rules.

Pay Versus Performance Table


Year	Summary Compensation Table Total for PEO	Compensation Actually Paid to PEO (1)	Average Summary Compensation Table Total for Non-PEO NEOs(1)	Average Compensation Actually Paid to Non-PEO NEOs (1)	Value of Initial Fixed $100 Investment Based On:		Net Income	Adjusted EBITDA (3)
Year	Summary Compensation Table Total for PEO	Compensation Actually Paid to PEO (1)		Average Compensation Actually Paid to Non-PEO NEOs (1)	Total Shareholder Return (2)	Peer Group Total Shareholder Return (2)	(In millions)
2024	$8,777,453	$5,597,534	$2,279,136	$1,716,355	$335.24	$292.01	$923	$1,486
2023	7,428,439	21,781,594	1,776,163	3,614,328	344.02	253.43	1,059	1,694
2022	7,300,613	14,618,634	2,009,163	2,532,735	241.76	174.37	1,386	2,057
2021	6,981,685	26,778,167	1,982,924	3,479,767	221.35	200.63	1,193	1,798
2020	5,979,555	4,146,492	1,505,797	1,279,321	120.06	152.87	545	934

(1)

By SEC rules, these amounts reflect the amount disclosed in our Summary Compensation Table (SCT) for the applicable year (a) minus the grant date fair value of equity compensation in the SCT, (b) plus year-end fair value of stock awards granted in the year that were outstanding and unvested as of the end of year, (c) plus the change as of year-end in fair value of prior year awards that were outstanding and unvested as of the end of year or, for awards vesting in that year, the change in fair value of those awards as of the vesting date. The other elements required to be disclosed pursuant to SEC rules in the definition of compensation “actually paid” are inapplicable to our NEO compensation. The calculations for (b) and (c) are as follows:


	Year	Share Price at 12/31	Shares Granted	Granted Shares Fair Value at 12/31	Other Shares Outstanding	Change in Fair Value	Shares Vested	Vested Shares Change in Fair Value	Total Stock Compensation Actually Paid
PEO	2024	$152.44	31,722	$4,835,702	175,286	($1,414,558)	71,470	($601,063)	$2,820,081
	2023	160.51	50,668	8,132,721	196,088	8,937,691	97,138	2,282,743	19,353,155
	2022	114.93	86,498	9,941,215	206,728	1,593,873	86,896	782,933	12,318,021
	2021	107.22	143,340	15,368,915	150,284	7,188,084	81,229	2,239,484	24,796,482
	2020	59.39	44,456	2,640,242	187,057	1,715,313	83,529	(1,188,618)	3,166,937
Other NEOs (Fair values represent averages)	2024	$152.44	3,965	604,425	21,368	($172,442)	8,295	($69,763)	$362,220
	2023	160.51	7,485	1,201,377	22,179	1,010,907	10,676	250,880	2,463,165
	2022	114.93	9,291	1,067,843	23,563	181,673	9.287	86,552	1,336,068
	2021	107.22	15,094	1,638,777	16,366	782,786	10,220	281,760	2,468,307
	2020	59.39	5,557	300,045	21,441	196,616	9,005	(128,138)	398,524

The PEO whose compensation is represented in each year is Mr. Penske. Messrs. Denker, Kurnick and Spradlin are included in the NEO averages for each year. Also included in the NEO average in 2020 was J.D. Carlson, our former CFO, in 2021 both Mr. Carlson and Ms. Hulgrave were included and Ms. Hulgrave for 2022, 2023 and 2024.

(2)

Total shareholder return measures the change in value of our common stock, adjusted to include dividends received by our shareholders over the period. Our peer group for purposes of the peer group total shareholder return disclosure is the same as the one identified in Item 5 of our annual report on Form 10-K and consists of the following companies, each of which principally conducts automotive retail operations: Asbury Automotive Group, Inc., AutoNation, Inc., Group 1 Automotive, Inc., Lithia Motors, Inc., and Sonic Automotive, Inc. (the “Peer Group“).

(3)	The following table reconciles the non-GAAP measures EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to the closest applicable GAAP measure, net income


Non-GAAP Reconciliations
	Twelve Months Ended December 31,
(Amounts in Millions)	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
Net Income	$923.4	$1,058.6	$1,386.2	$1,192.7	$545.3
Add: Depreciation	158.0	141.0	127.3	121.5	115.5
Other Interest Expense	87.8	92.6	70.4	68.6	111.0
Income Taxes	316.5	360.9	473.0	416.3	162.7
Income from Discontinued Operations, net of tax	(0.0)	(0.0)	(0.0)	(1.3)	(0.4)
EBITDA	1,485.7	$1,653.1	$2,056.9	$1,797.8	$934.1
Add: Goodwill Impairment	(0.0)	40.7	(0.0)	(0.0)	(0.0)
Adjusted EBITDA	1,485.7	$1,693.8	$2,056.9	$1,797.8	$934.1

Company Selected Measure Name

Adjusted EBITDA

Named Executive Officers, Footnote

Peer Group Issuers, Footnote

(2)

PEO Total Compensation Amount

$ 8,777,453

$ 7,428,439

$ 7,300,613

$ 6,981,685

$ 5,979,555

PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount

$ 5,597,534

21,781,594

14,618,634

26,778,167

4,146,492

Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote

(1)


	Year	Share Price at 12/31	Shares Granted	Granted Shares Fair Value at 12/31	Other Shares Outstanding	Change in Fair Value	Shares Vested	Vested Shares Change in Fair Value	Total Stock Compensation Actually Paid
PEO	2024	$152.44	31,722	$4,835,702	175,286	($1,414,558)	71,470	($601,063)	$2,820,081
	2023	160.51	50,668	8,132,721	196,088	8,937,691	97,138	2,282,743	19,353,155
	2022	114.93	86,498	9,941,215	206,728	1,593,873	86,896	782,933	12,318,021
	2021	107.22	143,340	15,368,915	150,284	7,188,084	81,229	2,239,484	24,796,482
	2020	59.39	44,456	2,640,242	187,057	1,715,313	83,529	(1,188,618)	3,166,937
Other NEOs (Fair values represent averages)	2024	$152.44	3,965	604,425	21,368	($172,442)	8,295	($69,763)	$362,220
	2023	160.51	7,485	1,201,377	22,179	1,010,907	10,676	250,880	2,463,165
	2022	114.93	9,291	1,067,843	23,563	181,673	9.287	86,552	1,336,068
	2021	107.22	15,094	1,638,777	16,366	782,786	10,220	281,760	2,468,307
	2020	59.39	5,557	300,045	21,441	196,616	9,005	(128,138)	398,524

Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount

$ 2,279,136

1,776,163

2,009,163

1,982,924

1,505,797

Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount

$ 1,716,355

3,614,328

2,532,735

3,479,767

1,279,321

Adjustment to Non-PEO NEO Compensation Footnote

(1)


	Year	Share Price at 12/31	Shares Granted	Granted Shares Fair Value at 12/31	Other Shares Outstanding	Change in Fair Value	Shares Vested	Vested Shares Change in Fair Value	Total Stock Compensation Actually Paid
PEO	2024	$152.44	31,722	$4,835,702	175,286	($1,414,558)	71,470	($601,063)	$2,820,081
	2023	160.51	50,668	8,132,721	196,088	8,937,691	97,138	2,282,743	19,353,155
	2022	114.93	86,498	9,941,215	206,728	1,593,873	86,896	782,933	12,318,021
	2021	107.22	143,340	15,368,915	150,284	7,188,084	81,229	2,239,484	24,796,482
	2020	59.39	44,456	2,640,242	187,057	1,715,313	83,529	(1,188,618)	3,166,937
Other NEOs (Fair values represent averages)	2024	$152.44	3,965	604,425	21,368	($172,442)	8,295	($69,763)	$362,220
	2023	160.51	7,485	1,201,377	22,179	1,010,907	10,676	250,880	2,463,165
	2022	114.93	9,291	1,067,843	23,563	181,673	9.287	86,552	1,336,068
	2021	107.22	15,094	1,638,777	16,366	782,786	10,220	281,760	2,468,307
	2020	59.39	5,557	300,045	21,441	196,616	9,005	(128,138)	398,524

Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return

As noted in the table above, our total shareholder return over the five years increased 235% as compared to a 192% increase by our Peer Group.

Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income

Compensation Actually Paid vs. Company Selected Measure

Total Shareholder Return Vs Peer Group

As noted in the table above, our total shareholder return over the five years increased 235% as compared to a 192% increase by our Peer Group.

Tabular List, Table

We are required under SEC rules to also disclose the most important financial performance measures that link compensation “actually paid” to our NEOs (which amounts are shown in the table above using the SEC’s methodology) to Company performance. We believe those metrics are as follows:


	Financial Performance Measures
	Net Income
	Adjusted EBITDA
	Earnings Per Share
	Stock Price Performance

We selected these measures because we believe our compensation “actually paid” is most influenced by two factors: (1) the amount of restricted stock granted to our NEOs under the annual performance plans over the relevant period and (2) the change in our stock price over time (see footnote 1 to the Pay Verses Performance Table above). Our 2024 performance plans include metrics for EBITDA, EPS, and stock price performance, which collectively could represent more than 50% of the total amount available under the plans. We believe the change in our stock price over time is correlated most closely to the financial performance measures EBITDA (as adjusted if applicable), EPS (as adjusted if applicable) and net income.

Total Shareholder Return Amount

$ 335.24

344.02

241.76

221.35

120.06

Peer Group Total Shareholder Return Amount

292.01

253.43

174.37

200.63

152.87

Net Income (Loss)

$ 923,400,000

$ 1,058,600,000

$ 1,386,200,000

$ 1,192,700,000

$ 545,300,000

Company Selected Measure Amount

1,486,000,000

1,694,000,000

2,057,000,000

1,798,000,000

934,000,000

PEO Name

Mr. Penske

Net Income (Loss), Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest

$ 923,000,000

$ 1,059,000,000

$ 1,386,000,000

$ 1,193,000,000

$ 545,000,000

Depreciation

158,000,000

141,000,000

127,300,000

121,500,000

115,500,000

Interest Expense, Other

87,800,000

92,600,000

70,400,000

68,600,000

111,000,000

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

316,500,000

360,900,000

473,000,000

416,300,000

162,700,000

Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations, Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent

1,300,000

400,000

EBITDA

1,485,700,000

1,653,100,000

2,056,900,000

1,797,800,000

934,100,000

Goodwill, Impairment Loss

40,700,000

Adjusted EBITDA

$ 1,485,700,000

$ 1,693,800,000

$ 2,056,900,000

$ 1,797,800,000

$ 934,100,000

Measure:: 1

Net Income

Measure:: 2

Non-GAAP Measure Description

Adjusted EBITDA

(3)	The following table reconciles the non-GAAP measures EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to the closest applicable GAAP measure, net income


Non-GAAP Reconciliations
	Twelve Months Ended December 31,
(Amounts in Millions)	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
Net Income	$923.4	$1,058.6	$1,386.2	$1,192.7	$545.3
Add: Depreciation	158.0	141.0	127.3	121.5	115.5
Other Interest Expense	87.8	92.6	70.4	68.6	111.0
Income Taxes	316.5	360.9	473.0	416.3	162.7
Income from Discontinued Operations, net of tax	(0.0)	(0.0)	(0.0)	(1.3)	(0.4)
EBITDA	1,485.7	$1,653.1	$2,056.9	$1,797.8	$934.1
Add: Goodwill Impairment	(0.0)	40.7	(0.0)	(0.0)	(0.0)
Adjusted EBITDA	1,485.7	$1,693.8	$2,056.9	$1,797.8	$934.1

Measure:: 3

Earnings Per Share

Measure:: 4

Stock Price Performance

PEO [Member]

Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross

Share Price

$ 152.44

$ 160.51

$ 114.93

$ 107.22

$ 59.39

31,722

50,668

86,498

143,340

44,456

Other Shares Outstanding

175,286

196,088

206,728

150,284

187,057

Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Vested, Number of Shares

71,470

97,138

86,896

81,229

83,529

PEO [Member] | Aggregate Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Award Amounts Reported in Summary Compensation Table

PEO [Member] | Equity Awards Adjustments, Excluding Value Reported in Compensation Table

$ (6,000,000)

$ (5,000,000)

PEO [Member] | Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Covered Year that are Outstanding and Unvested

2,820,081

19,353,155

12,318,021

$ 24,796,482

$ 3,166,937

PEO [Member] | Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Years That are Outstanding and Unvested

4,835,702

8,132,721

9,941,215

15,368,915

2,640,242

PEO [Member] | Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Prior Year Equity Awards Vested in Covered Year

(1,414,558)

8,937,691

1,593,873

7,188,084

1,715,313

$ (601,063)

$ 2,282,743

$ 782,933

$ 2,239,484

$ (1,188,618)

Non-PEO NEO [Member]

Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross

Share Price

$ 152.44

$ 160.51

$ 114.93

$ 107.22

$ 59.39

3,965

7,485

9,291

15,094

5,557

Other Shares Outstanding

21,368

22,179

23,563

16,366

21,441

Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Vested, Number of Shares

8,295

10,676

9.287

10,220

9,005

Non-PEO NEO [Member] | Equity Awards Adjustments, Excluding Value Reported in Compensation Table

Non-PEO NEO [Member] | Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Covered Year that are Outstanding and Unvested

$ 362,220

$ 2,463,165

$ 1,336,068

$ 2,468,307

$ 398,524

Non-PEO NEO [Member] | Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Years That are Outstanding and Unvested

604,425

1,201,377

1,067,843

1,638,777

300,045

Non-PEO NEO [Member] | Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Prior Year Equity Awards Vested in Covered Year

(172,442)

1,010,907

181,673

782,786

196,616