Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
 
☒	Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934	
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018
 
☐	Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934	
For the transition period from ____________ to ____________
Commission File No.                0-28274

Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Florida	  	56-1383460	
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or
organization)	  	(IRS Employer Identification No.)	
400 North Ashley Drive, Suite 2800, Tampa, FL    33602
(Address of principal executive offices)    (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (813) 274-1000
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for at least the past 90 days. Yes ☒  No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 229.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes ☒  No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer        	  	☒	  		  	Smaller reporting company        	  	☐	
Accelerated filer	  	☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	  	Emerging growth company	  	☐	
Non-accelerated filer	  	☐	  		  		  		
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐  No ☒
As of April 19, 2018, there were 42,799,382 outstanding shares of common stock.

Table of Contents
Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Form 10-Q
 INDEX

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION	  	 	3	 	
			
Item 1.	 	Financial Statements	  	 	3	 	
	 	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – March  31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 (Unaudited)	  	 	3	 	
	 	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations – Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)	  	 	4	 	
	 	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) – Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)	  	 	5	 	
	 	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity – Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 (Unaudited)	  	 	6	 	
	 	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)	  	 	7	 	
	 	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	  	 	9	 	
Item 2.	 	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	  	 	40	 	
Item 3.	 	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	  	 	48	 	
Item 4.	 	Controls and Procedures	  	 	50	 	
		
Part II. OTHER INFORMATION	  	 	51	 	
			
Item 1.	 	Legal Proceedings	  	 	51	 	
Item 1A.	 	Risk Factors	  	 	51	 	
Item 2.	 	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	  	 	51	 	
Item 3.	 	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	  	 	51	 	
Item 4.	 	Mine Safety Disclosures	  	 	51	 	
Item 5.	 	Other Information	  	 	51	 	
Item 6.	 	Exhibits	  	 	52	 	
	 	SIGNATURE	  	 	53	 	
 
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 PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 Item 1.  Financial Statements
Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated and Subsidiaries
 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)	  	March 31, 2018	 	 	December 31, 2017	 	
Assets	  				 				
Current assets:	  				 				
Cash and cash equivalents	  	$	172,590	 	 	$	343,734	 	
Receivables, net	  	 	346,920	 	 	 	341,958	 	
Prepaid expenses	  	 	22,270	 	 	 	22,132	 	
Other current assets	  	 	16,395	 	 	 	19,743	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total current assets	  	 	558,175	 	 	 	727,567	 	
Property and equipment, net	  	 	153,834	 	 	 	160,790	 	
Goodwill, net	  	 	267,936	 	 	 	269,265	 	
Intangibles, net	  	 	143,623	 	 	 	140,277	 	
Deferred charges and other assets	  	 	32,618	 	 	 	29,193	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	$	        1,156,186	 	 	$	      1,327,092	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	  				 				
Current liabilities:	  				 				
Accounts payable	  	$	26,244	 	 	$	32,133	 	
Accrued employee compensation and benefits	  	 	100,991	 	 	 	102,899	 	
Income taxes payable	  	 	2,698	 	 	 	2,606	 	
Deferred revenue	  	 	30,217	 	 	 	34,717	 	
Other accrued expenses and current liabilities	  	 	35,018	 	 	 	30,888	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total current liabilities	  	 	195,168	 	 	 	203,243	 	
Deferred grants	  	 	3,089	 	 	 	3,233	 	
Long-term debt	  	 	100,000	 	 	 	275,000	 	
Long-term income tax liabilities	  	 	27,113	 	 	 	27,098	 	
Other long-term liabilities	  	 	24,670	 	 	 	22,039	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total liabilities	  	 	350,040	 	 	 	530,613	 	

Commitments and loss contingency (Note 12)	  				 				
			
Shareholders’ equity:	  				 				
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, 10,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding	  	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share, 200,000 shares authorized; 42,799 and 42,899 shares issued, respectively	  	 	428	 	 	 	429	 	
Additional paid-in capital	  	 	280,840	 	 	 	282,385	 	
Retained earnings	  	 	560,810	 	 	 	546,843	 	
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	  	 	(33,799	) 	 	 	(31,104	) 	
Treasury stock at cost: 118 and 117 shares, respectively	  	 	(2,133	) 	 	 	(2,074	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total shareholders’ equity	  	 	806,146	 	 	 	796,479	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	  	$	1,156,186	 	 	$	1,327,092	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
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Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated and Subsidiaries
 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
(in thousands, except per share data)	  	2018	 	 	2017	 	
Revenues	  	$	            414,371	 	 	$	            384,014	 	
Operating expenses:	  				 				
Direct salaries and related costs	  	 	275,072	 	 	 	247,136	 	
General and administrative	  	 	102,440	 	 	 	92,044	 	
Depreciation, net	  	 	14,836	 	 	 	13,348	 	
Amortization of intangibles	  	 	4,213	 	 	 	5,231	 	
Impairment of long-lived assets	  	 	3,526	 	 	 	202	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating expenses	  	 	400,087	 	 	 	357,961	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income from operations	  	 	14,284	 	 	 	26,053	 	

Other income (expense):	  				 				
Interest income	  	 	171	 	 	 	155	 	
Interest (expense)	  	 	(1,206	) 	 	 	(1,699	) 	
Other income (expense), net	  	 	155	 	 	 	813	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total other income (expense), net	  	 	(880	) 	 	 	(731	) 	

Income before income taxes	  	 	13,404	 	 	 	25,322	 	
Income taxes	  	 	2,456	 	 	 	6,610	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	  	$	10,948	 	 	$	18,712	 	

Net income per common share:	  				 				
Basic	  	$	0.26	 	 	$	0.45	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diluted	  	$	0.26	 	 	$	0.45	 	

Weighted average common shares outstanding:	  				 				
Basic	  	 	41,939	 	 	 	41,654	 	
Diluted	  	 	42,232	 	 	 	41,905	 	
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
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Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated and Subsidiaries
 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(Unaudited)

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
(in thousands)	  	2018	 	 	2017	 	
Net income	  	$	              10,948	 	 	$	              18,712	 	
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:	  				 				
Foreign currency translation gain (loss), net of taxes	  	 	291	 	 	 	3,898	 	
Unrealized gain (loss) on net investment hedges, net of taxes	  	 	-	 	 	 	(368	) 	
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedging instruments, net of taxes	  	 	(2,893	) 	 	 	532	 	
Unrealized actuarial gain (loss) related to pension liability, net of taxes	  	 	(83	) 	 	 	(23	) 	
Unrealized gain (loss) on postretirement obligation, net of taxes	  	 	(10	) 	 	 	(13	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	  	 	(2,695	) 	 	 	4,026	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Comprehensive income (loss)	  	$	8,253	 	 	$	22,738	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
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Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated and Subsidiaries
 Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
(Unaudited)

 	 	Common Stock	 	 	Additional	 	 	 	 	 	Accumulated
Other	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
(in thousands)	 	Shares
Issued	 	 	Amount	 	 	Paid-in
Capital	 	 	Retained
Earnings	 	 	Comprehensive
Income (Loss)	 	 	Treasury
Stock	 	 	Total	 	
Balance at December 31, 2017	 	 	42,899	 	 	$	429	 	 	$	282,385	 	 	$	546,843	 	 	$	(31,104	) 	 	$	(2,074	) 	 	$	796,479	 	
Cumulative effect of accounting change	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	3,019	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	3,019	 	
Stock-based compensation expense	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,077	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,077	 	
Issuance of common stock under equity award plans, net of forfeitures	 	 	18	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	59	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(59	) 	 	 	-	 	
Shares repurchased for tax withholding on equity awards	 	 	(118	) 	 	 	(1	) 	 	 	(3,681	) 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(3,682	) 	
Comprehensive income (loss)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	10,948	 	 	 	(2,695	) 	 	 	-	 	 	 	8,253	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance at March 31, 2018	 	 	  42,799	 	 	$	    428	 	 	$	280,840	 	 	$	560,810	 	 	$	(33,799	) 	 	$	 (2,133	) 	 	$	806,146	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
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Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated and Subsidiaries
 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
(in thousands)	  	2018	 	 	2017	 	
Cash flows from operating activities:	  				 				
Net income	  	$	              10,948	 	 	$	              18,712	 	
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:	  				 				
Depreciation	  	 	14,964	 	 	 	13,476	 	
Amortization of intangibles	  	 	4,213	 	 	 	5,231	 	
Amortization of deferred grants	  	 	(181	) 	 	 	(166	) 	
Impairment losses	  	 	3,526	 	 	 	202	 	
Unrealized foreign currency transaction (gains) losses, net	  	 	194	 	 	 	(1,405	) 	
Stock-based compensation expense	  	 	2,077	 	 	 	2,471	 	
Deferred income tax provision (benefit)	  	 	584	 	 	 	429	 	
Unrealized (gains) losses and premiums on financial instruments, net	  	 	168	 	 	 	620	 	
Amortization of deferred loan fees	  	 	67	 	 	 	67	 	
Imputed interest expense and fair value adjustments to contingent consideration	  	 	-	 	 	 	(399	) 	
Other	  	 	150	 	 	 	99	 	
Changes in assets and liabilities:	  				 				
Receivables, net	  	 	(2,120	) 	 	 	(506	) 	
Prepaid expenses	  	 	(134	) 	 	 	(1,026	) 	
Other current assets	  	 	665	 	 	 	107	 	
Deferred charges and other assets	  	 	(1,496	) 	 	 	(839	) 	
Accounts payable	  	 	(4,413	) 	 	 	679	 	
Income taxes receivable / payable	  	 	(1,622	) 	 	 	3,094	 	
Accrued employee compensation and benefits	  	 	(1,832	) 	 	 	(2,962	) 	
Other accrued expenses and current liabilities	  	 	3,766	 	 	 	(1,698	) 	
Deferred revenue	  	 	(2,976	) 	 	 	(66	) 	
Other long-term liabilities	  	 	2,071	 	 	 	1,105	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash provided by operating activities	  	 	28,619	 	 	 	37,225	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash flows from investing activities:	  				 				
Capital expenditures	  	 	(13,258	) 	 	 	(17,040	) 	
Purchase of intangible assets	  	 	(7,505	) 	 	 	-	 	
Other	  	 	2	 	 	 	10	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash (used for) investing activities	  	 	(20,761	) 	 	 	(17,030	) 	

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Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
(Continued)

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
(in thousands)	  	2018	 	 	2017	 	
Cash flows from financing activities:	  				 				
Payments of long-term debt	  	 	(175,000	) 	 	 	-	 	
Shares repurchased for tax withholding on equity awards	  	 	(3,682	) 	 	 	(3,286	) 	
Payments of contingent consideration related to acquisitions	  	 	-	 	 	 	(126	) 	
Other	  	 	20	 	 	 	55	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	  	 	(178,662	) 	 	 	(3,357	) 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Effects of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	  	 	(332	) 	 	 	3,358	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	  	 	(171,136	) 	 	 	20,196	 	
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash – beginning	  	 	344,805	 	 	 	267,594	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash – ending	  	$	            173,669	 	 	$	            287,790	 	

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:	  				 				
Cash paid during period for interest	  	$	1,042	 	 	$	1,464	 	
Cash paid during period for income taxes	  	$	4,754	 	 	$	2,923	 	
Non-cash transactions:	  				 				
Property and equipment additions in accounts payable	  	$	4,430	 	 	$	4,835	 	
Unrealized gain (loss) on postretirement obligation, net of taxes in accumulated other comprehensive
income (loss)	  	$	(10	) 	 	$	(13	) 	
Shares repurchased for tax withholding on equity awards included in current liabilities	  	$	357	 	 	$	352	 	
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
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Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated and Subsidiaries
 Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 and 2017
(Unaudited)
Note 1. Overview and Basis of Presentation
Business — Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated and consolidated subsidiaries (“SYKES” or the “Company”) is a leading provider of multichannel demand generation and global customer engagement services. SYKES provides differentiated full lifecycle customer engagement solutions and services to Global 2000 companies and their end customers primarily within the communications, financial services, technology, transportation and leisure, healthcare, retail and other industries. SYKES primarily provides customer engagement solutions and services with an emphasis on inbound multichannel demand generation, customer service and technical support to its clients’ customers. Utilizing SYKES’ integrated onshore/offshore global delivery model, SYKES provides its services through multiple communication channels including phone, e-mail, social media, text messaging, chat and digital self-service. SYKES also provides various enterprise support services in the United States that include services for its clients’ internal support operations, from technical staffing services to outsourced corporate help desk services. In Europe, SYKES also provides fulfillment services, which includes order processing, payment processing, inventory control, product delivery and product returns handling. The Company has operations in two reportable segments entitled (1) the Americas, which includes the United States, Canada, Latin America, Australia and the Asia Pacific Rim, in which the client base is primarily companies in the United States that are using the Company’s services to support their customer management needs; and (2) EMEA, which includes Europe, the Middle East and Africa.
2017 Tax Reform Act
In December 2017, the President of the United States (“U.S.”) signed into law the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “2017 Tax Reform Act”). In general, the 2017 Tax Reform Act reduces the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, effective in 2018. The 2017 Tax Reform Act moves from a worldwide business taxation approach to a participation exemption regime. The 2017 Tax Reform Act also imposes base-erosion prevention measures on non-U.S. earnings of U.S. entities, as well as a one-time mandatory deemed repatriation tax on accumulated non-U.S. earnings which was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2017. The impact of the 2017 Tax Reform Act on the consolidated financial results began with the fourth quarter of 2017, the period of enactment. This impact, along with the transitional taxes discussed in Note 10, Income Taxes, is reflected in the Other segment.
Acquisition
On April 24, 2017, the Company entered into a definitive Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) to acquire certain assets from a Global 2000 telecommunications services provider. The aggregate purchase price of $7.5 million was paid on May 31, 2017, using cash on hand, resulting in $6.0 million of property and equipment and $1.5 million of customer relationship intangibles (the “Telecommunications Asset acquisition”). The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, indemnification obligations and covenants. The Telecommunications Asset acquisition was completed to strengthen and create new partnerships for the Company and expand its geographic footprint in North America. The results of the Telecommunications Assets’ operations have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements in the Americas segment since its acquisition on May 31, 2017.
The Company accounted for the Telecommunications Asset acquisition in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, whereby the fair value of the purchase price was allocated to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values as of the closing date. The Company completed its analysis of the purchase price allocation during the second quarter of 2017.
Basis of Presentation — The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“generally accepted accounting principles” or “U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future quarters or the year ending December 31, 2018. For further information, refer to the
 
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consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 1, 2018.
Principles of Consolidation — The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SYKES and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and controlled majority-owned subsidiaries. Investments in less than majority-owned subsidiaries in which the Company does not have a controlling interest, but does have significant influence, are accounted for as equity method investments. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates — The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Subsequent Events — Subsequent events or transactions have been evaluated through the date and time of issuance of the condensed consolidated financial statements. There were no material subsequent events that required recognition or disclosure in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted cash — Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly liquid short-term investments, primarily held in non-interest bearing investments which have original maturities of less than 90 days. Restricted cash includes cash whereby the Company’s ability to use the funds at any time is contractually limited or is generally designated for specific purposes arising out of certain contractual or other obligations.
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):

 	 	March 31,
2018	 	 	December 31,
2017	 	 	March 31,
2017	 	 	December 31,
2016	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	 	$	172,590	 	 	$	343,734	 	 	$	286,830	 	 	$	266,675	 	
Restricted cash included in “Other current assets”	 	 	154	 	 	 	154	 	 	 	167	 	 	 	160	 	
Restricted cash included in “Deferred charges and other assets”	 	 	925	 	 	 	917	 	 	 	793	 	 	 	759	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	 	$	      173,669	 	 	$	      344,805	 	 	$	      287,790	 	 	$	      267,594	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Investments in Equity Method Investees — The Company uses the equity method to account for investments in companies if the investment provides the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over operating and financial policies of the investee. The Company’s proportionate share of the net income or loss of an equity method investment is included in consolidated net income. Judgment regarding the level of influence over an equity method investment includes considering key factors such as the Company’s ownership interest, representation on the board of directors, participation in policy-making decisions and material intercompany transactions.
The Company evaluates an equity method investment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the investment might not be recoverable. Factors considered by the Company when reviewing an equity method investment for impairment include the length of time (duration) and the extent (severity) to which the fair value of the equity method investment has been less than cost, the investee’s financial condition and near-term prospects, and the intent and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for anticipated recovery. An impairment that is other-than-temporary is recognized in the period identified. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company did not identify any instances where the carrying values of its equity method investments were not recoverable.
In July 2017, the Company made a strategic investment of $10.0 million in XSell Technologies, Inc. (“XSell”) for 32.8% of XSell’s preferred stock. The Company plans to incorporate XSell’s machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms into its business. The Company believes this will increase the sales performance of its agents to drive revenue for its clients, improve the experience of the Company’s clients’ end customers and enhance brand loyalty, reduce the cost of customer care and leverage analytics and machine learning to source the best agents and improve their performance.
 
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The Company’s net investment in XSell of $9.7 million and $9.8 million was included in “Deferred charges and other assets” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The Company paid $5.0 million in July 2017 with the remaining $5.0 million included in “Other accrued expenses and current liabilities” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The Company’s proportionate share of XSell’s income (loss) of $(0.1) million was included in “Other income (expense), net” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 (none in 2017).
Customer-Acquisition Advertising Costs — The Company utilizes direct-response advertising, the primary purpose of which is to elicit purchases from its clients’ customers. These costs are capitalized when they are expected to result in probable future benefits and are amortized over the period during which future benefits are expected to be received, which is generally less than one month. All other advertising costs are expensed as incurred. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had $0.3 million and less than $0.1 million of capitalized direct-response advertising costs included in “Prepaid expenses” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively. Total advertising costs included in “Direct salaries and related costs” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 were $10.0 million and $9.8 million, respectively. Total advertising costs included in “General and administrative” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 were less than $0.1 million (none in 2017).
Reclassifications — Certain balances in the prior period have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.
New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
Leases
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). These amendments require the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet by lessees for those leases currently classified as operating leases under ASC 840, Leases . These amendments also require qualitative disclosures along with specific quantitative disclosures. These amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted. Entities are required to apply the amendments at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period in the financial statements, and there are certain optional practical expedients that an entity may elect to apply.
The Company’s implementation team has compiled a detailed inventory of leases and a preliminary analysis of the impact to the financial statements. The Company continues to evaluate the critical factors of ASU 2016-02. Based on an assessment of the Company’s business and system requirements, the implementation team is evaluating lease accounting software vendors as an option to assist the Company in complying with all aspects of ASU 2016-02. The Company expects the adoption of ASU 2016-02 to result in a material increase in the assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as a result of recognizing right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for existing operating leases based on the amount of the Company’s current lease commitments. The Company believes that the majority of its leases will maintain their current lease classification under ASU 2016-02. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its expense recognition timing or cash flows and, as a result, the Company expects ASU 2016-02 will result in an insignificant impact on the Company’s consolidated statements of income and on the consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company is continuing to evaluate the magnitude of the impact and related disclosures, as well as the timing and method of adoption, with respect to the optional practical expedients. The Company is also continuing to evaluate the full impact of ASU 2016-02, as well as its impacts on its business processes, systems, and internal controls.
Other Comprehensive Income
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02,  Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) (“ASU 2018-02”). These amendments allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the 2017 Tax Reform Act. These amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption of the amendment in this update is permitted, including adoption in any interim period. These amendments can be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the
 
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U.S. federal corporate tax rate in the 2017 Tax Reform Act is recognized. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the guidance will have on its financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and disclosures, as well as the timing and method of adoption.
Derivatives and Hedging
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) – Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedge Activities (“ASU 2017-12”). These amendments help simplify certain aspects of hedge accounting and better align an entity’s risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results. For cash flow and net investment hedges as of the adoption date, the guidance requires a modified retrospective approach. The amended presentation and disclosure guidance is required only prospectively. These amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early application permitted in any interim period after issuance of this update. The Company is currently evaluating the accounting, transition and disclosure requirements to determine the impact ASU 2017-12 may have on its financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and disclosures.
Financial Instruments – Credit Losses
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326) – Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). These amendments require measurement and recognition of expected versus incurred credit losses for financial assets held. These amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the guidance will have on its financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
New Accounting Standards Recently Adopted
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”) and subsequent amendments (together, “ASC 606”). ASC 606 outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and indicates that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this, an entity should identify the contract(s) with a customer, identify the performance obligations in the contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. The Company adopted ASC 606 as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method. See Note 2, Revenues, for further details.
Financial Instruments
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10) Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”). These amendments modify how entities measure equity investments and present changes in the fair value of financial liabilities. Under the new guidance, entities will measure equity investments that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method at fair value and recognize any changes in fair value in net income unless the investments qualify for the new practicality exception. A practicality exception applies to those equity investments that do not have a readily determinable fair value and do not qualify for the practical expedient to estimate fair value under ASC 820,  Fair Value Measurements , and as such, these investments may be measured at cost. These amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2016-01 on January 1, 2018 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Statement of Cash Flows
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) – Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (“ASU 2016-15”). These amendments clarify the presentation of cash receipts and payments in eight specific situations. These amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. These amendments have been applied using a retrospective
 
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transition method to each period presented. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 on January 1, 2018 did not have a material impact on the Company’s cash flows.
In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) – Restricted Cash (A Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force (“ASU 2016-18”). These amendments clarify how entities should present restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows, requiring entities to show the changes in the total of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. These amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. These amendments have been applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. The inclusion of restricted cash increased the beginning balance of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows by $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and increased the beginning and ending balances by $0.9 million and $1.0 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2017. Other than the change in presentation within the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, the retrospective adoption of ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2018 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Income Taxes
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory (“ASU 2016-16”). These amendments require recognition of the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. These amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. The adoption of ASU 2016-16 on January 1, 2018 did not have a material impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements and no cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings was required.
In January 2018, the FASB released guidance on the accounting for tax on the global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) provisions of the 2017 Tax Reform Act. The GILTI provisions impose a tax on foreign income in excess of a deemed return on tangible assets of foreign corporations. The guidance indicates that either accounting for deferred taxes related to GILTI inclusions or to treat any taxes on GILTI inclusions as period costs are both acceptable methods subject to an accounting policy election. The Company evaluated the accounting treatment options related to the GILTI provisions and elected to treat any potential GILTI inclusions as a current period cost. The election did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05,  Income Taxes (Topic 740): Amendments to SEC paragraphs pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No.  118 (“ASU 2018-05”). These amendments add various SEC paragraphs pursuant to the issuance of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118,  Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“SAB 118”). SAB 118 directs taxpayers to consider the implications of the 2017 Tax Reform Act as provisional when it does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed in reasonable detail to complete its accounting for the change in the tax law. As described in Note 10, Income Taxes, and in accordance with SAB 118, the Company recorded amounts that were considered provisional.
Business Combinations
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805) – Clarifying the Definition of a Business (“ASU 2017-01”). These amendments clarify the definition of a business to help companies evaluate whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions or disposals of assets or businesses. These amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. These amendments were applied prospectively. The adoption of ASU 2017-01 of January 1, 2018 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Retirement Benefits
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715) – Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (“ASU 2017-07”). These amendments require that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net periodic benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component outside of a subtotal of income from operations. If a separate line item is not used, the line items used in the income statement to present other components of net benefit cost must be disclosed. These amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. These amendments were applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost
 
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component and the other components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost in the income statement and prospectively, on and after the effective date, for the capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit in assets. The amendments allow a practical expedient that permits an employer to use the amounts disclosed in its pension and other postretirement benefit plan note for the prior comparative periods as the estimation basis for applying the retrospective presentation requirements.
The Company adopted the income statement presentation aspects of ASU 2017-07 on a retrospective basis effective January 1, 2018. The following is a reconciliation of the effect of the reclassification of the interest cost and amortization of actuarial gain (loss) from operating expenses to other income (expense) in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 (in thousands):

 	 	As Previously
Reported	 	 	Adjustments
Due to the
Adoption of
ASU 2017-07	 	 	As Revised	 	
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017:	 				 				 				
Direct salaries and related costs	 	$	247,165	 	 	$	(29	) 	 	$	    247,136	 	
General and administrative	 	 	92,054	 	 	 	(10	) 	 	 	92,044	 	
Income from operations	 	 	26,014	 	 	 	39	 	 	 	26,053	 	
Other income (expense), net	 	 	852	 	 	 	(39	) 	 	 	813	 	
Note 2. Revenues
Adoption of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers
On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606, which includes ASU 2014-09 and all related amendments, using the modified retrospective method applied to those contracts which were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting for revenues under ASC 605, Revenue Recognition (“ASC 605”).
The Company recorded an increase to opening retained earnings of $3.0 million as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606. The impact, all in the Americas segment, primarily related to the change in timing of revenue recognition associated with certain customer contracts that provide fees upon renewal, as well as changes in estimating variable consideration with respect to penalties and holdback provisions for failure to meet specified minimum service levels and other performance-based contingencies. Revenue recognized under ASC 606 is expected to be slightly higher during 2018 than revenue would have been under ASC 605. This is primarily attributable to the change in the timing of revenue recognition, as discussed above. The impact on revenue recognized for the first quarter of 2018 is reported below.
The cumulative effect of the adjustments made to the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2017 for the line items impacted by the adoption of ASC 606 was as follows (in thousands):

 	 	December 31,
2017	 	 	    Adjustments    
Due to the
Adoption of
ASC 606	 	 	January 1,
2018	 	
Receivables, net	 	$	      341,958	 	 	$	825	 	 	$	      342,783	 	
Deferred charges and other assets	 	 	29,193	 	 	 	2,045	 	 	 	31,238	 	
Income taxes payable	 	 	2,606	 	 	 	697	 	 	 	3,303	 	
Deferred revenue	 	 	34,717	 	 	 	(1,048	) 	 	 	33,669	 	
Other long-term liabilities	 	 	22,039	 	 	 	202	 	 	 	22,241	 	
Retained earnings	 	 	546,843	 	 	 	3,019	 	 	 	549,862	 	
 
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The financial statement line items impacted by the adoption of ASC 606 in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2018 were as follows (in thousands):

 	  	  As Reported  	 	  	Balances
Without the
  Impact of the  
ASC 606
Adoption	 	  	Effect of
Adoption
Increase
  (Decrease)  	 	
March 31, 2018:	  				  				  				
Receivables, net	  	$	346,920	 	  	$	343,750	 	  	$	3,170	 	
Deferred charges and other assets	  	 	32,618	 	  	 	29,365	 	  	 	3,253	 	
Income taxes payable	  	 	2,698	 	  	 	1,133	 	  	 	1,565	 	
Deferred revenue	  	 	30,217	 	  	 	32,697	 	  	 	(2,480	) 	
Other long-term liabilities	  	 	24,670	 	  	 	24,242	 	  	 	428	 	
Retained earnings	  	 	560,810	 	  	 	553,900	 	  	 	6,910	 	
The financial statement line items impacted by the adoption of ASC 606 in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 were as follows, along with the impact per share (in thousands, except per share data):

 	  	As Reported	 	  	Balances
Without the
Impact of
  the ASC 606  
Adoption	 	  	Effect of
  Adoption  
Increase
(Decrease)	 	
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018:	  				  				  				
Revenues	  	$	414,371	 	  	$	409,320	 	  	$	5,051	 	
Income from operations	  	 	14,284	 	  	 	9,233	 	  	 	5,051	 	
Income before income taxes	  	 	13,404	 	  	 	8,353	 	  	 	5,051	 	
Income taxes	  	 	2,456	 	  	 	1,296	 	  	 	1,160	 	
Net income	  	 	10,948	 	  	 	7,057	 	  	 	3,891	 	
Net income per common share:	  				  				  				
Basic	  	$	0.26	 	  	$	0.17	 	  	$	0.09	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Diluted	  	$	0.26	 	  	$	0.17	 	  	$	0.09	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The Company’s net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018 did not change due to the adoption of ASC 606.
Practical Expedients
The Company utilized the practical expedient that allows for the application of ASC 606 to a portfolio of contracts (or performance obligations) with similar characteristics if the entity reasonably expects that the effects on the financial statements of applying this guidance to the portfolio would not differ materially from applying this guidance to the individual contracts (or performance obligations) within that portfolio.
Costs of Obtaining Customer Contracts
ASC 606 requires an entity to recognize as an asset the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if the entity expects to recover those costs. The incremental costs of obtaining a contract are those costs that an entity incurs to obtain a contract with a customer that it would not have incurred if the contract had not been obtained (e.g. a sales commission). Because the Company’s sales commissions are not directly incremental to obtaining customer contracts, they are expensed as incurred.
Recognition of Revenues Accounting Policy
The Company’s “Recognition of Revenues” accounting policy under ASC 606 is outlined below. For the Company’s accounting policy under ASC 605, see Note 1, Overview and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.
The Company recognizes revenues in accordance with ASC 606, whereby revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.
 
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Customer Engagement Solutions and Services
Under ASC 606, the Company accounts for a contract with a client when it has approval, the contract is committed, the rights of the parties, including payment terms, are identified, the contract has commercial substance and consideration is probable of collection. The Company’s customer engagement solutions and services are classified as stand-ready performance obligations. Because the Company’s customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits of its services as they are delivered, the performance obligations are satisfied over time. The Company recognizes revenue over time using output methods such as a per minute, per hour, per call, per transaction or per time and materials basis. These output methods faithfully depict the satisfaction of the Company’s obligation to deliver the services as requested and represent a direct measurement of value to the customer. The Company’s contracts have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer the customer solutions and services are not separately identifiable from other promises in the contract, and therefore not distinct.
Revenue recognition is limited to the established transaction price, the amount to which the Company expects to be entitled to under the contract, including the amount of expected fees for those contracts with renewal provisions and the amount that is not contingent upon delivery of any future product or service or meeting other specified performance obligations.
The Company’s contracts include penalties and holdbacks provisions for failure to meet specified minimum service levels and other performance-based contingencies, as well as the right of certain of the Company’s clients to chargeback accounts that do not meet certain requirements for specified periods after a sale has occurred. The portion of the transaction price that is subject to service level, performance-based contingencies, and other chargeback provisions is deferred until such contingency is resolved. Certain customers also receive cash discounts for early payment. These provisions are accounted for as variable consideration and are estimated using historical service and pricing trends, the individual contract provisions, and the Company’s best judgment at the time. None of these variable consideration components are subject to constraint due to the short time period to resolution, the Company’s extensive history with similar transactions, and the limited number of possible outcomes and third-party influence. The transaction price, once determined, is allocated to the single performance obligation on a contract by contract basis.
The Company’s primary billing terms are that payment is due upon receipt of the invoice, payable usually within 30 or 60 days. Invoices are generally issued on a monthly basis as control transfers and/or services are rendered. While the Company’s contracts with customers can range from 30 days to six years, the majority include termination without cause provisions allowing either party to cancel the contract without penalty at any time. Under these circumstances, the contract term ends when control of the services already provided transfers to the customer (e.g., month-to-month service contract) regardless of the contract’s actual term. All of the Company’s contracts include a notification or cancellation period (e.g., the contract can be terminated within 90 days’ notice) that cause the contract term to extend beyond the date when control of the services already provided transferred to the customer. Thus, in these instances the contract term would align with the notice term. A contract with a 90-day notice to cancel represents a three-month contract with a renewal option of additional months of service.
Other Revenues
In the Americas, the Company provides a range of enterprise support services including technical staffing services and outsourced corporate help desk services, primarily in the U.S. Revenue for enterprise support services are recognized over time using output methods such as number of positions filled similar to Company’s outsourced customer engagement services and solutions.
In EMEA, the Company offers fulfillment services that are integrated with its customer care and technical support services. The Company’s fulfillment solutions include order processing, payment processing, inventory control, product delivery and product returns handling. Sales are recognized upon shipment to the customer and satisfaction of all obligations.
The Company also has miscellaneous other revenue in the Other segment.
In total, other revenues are immaterial, representing 0.5% and 0.6% of the Company’s consolidated total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Disaggregated Revenues
The Company disaggregates its revenues from contracts with customers by service type and geographic location (see Note 15, Segments and Geographic Information), for each of its reportable segments, as the Company believes it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.
 
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The following table represents revenues from contracts with customers disaggregated by service type for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, by the reportable segment for each category (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Americas:	  				  				
Customer engagement solutions and services	  	$	340,422	 	  	$	320,663	 	
Other revenues	  	 	299	 	  	 	268	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total Americas	  	 	340,721	 	  	 	320,931	 	
			
EMEA:	  				  				
Customer engagement solutions and services	  	 	71,671	 	  	 	61,068	 	
Other revenues	  	 	1,956	 	  	 	1,999	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total EMEA	  	 	73,627	 	  	 	63,067	 	
			
Other:	  				  				
Other revenues	  	 	23	 	  	 	16	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total Other	  	 	23	 	  	 	16	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	414,371	 	  	$	384,014	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Trade Accounts Receivable
The Company’s trade accounts receivable, net, consists of the following (in thousands):

 	  	March 31,
2018	 	  	January 1,
2018 (3)	 	
Trade accounts receivable, net, current (1)	  	$	335,255	 	  	$	332,014	 	
Trade accounts receivable, net, noncurrent (2)	  	 	3,353	 	  	 	2,078	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	338,608	 	  	$	334,092	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
(1) Included in “Receivables, net” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2) Included in “Deferred charges and other assets” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(3) The January 1, 2018 balance includes the $0.8 million adjustment to “Receivables, net” and the $2.1 million adjustment to “Deferred charges and other assets” upon adoption of ASC 606.
The Company’s noncurrent trade accounts receivable result from contracts with customers that include renewal provisions that take effect subsequent to the satisfaction of the associated performance obligations. Payment is expected upon renewal, which occurs in bi-annual and annual increments over the associated expected contract term, the majority of which range from two to five years.
Deferred Revenue
The Company receives up-front fees in connection with certain contracts. Therefore, a contract liability for future services is created in advance of performance. The deferred revenue is earned over the service periods of the respective contracts, which range from 30 days to six years. This type of deferred revenue is included within “Deferred revenue” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for both services to be provided over the ensuing twelve-month period and services to be provided over multiple years since these contracts contain cancellation and refund provisions, whereby the customers can terminate the contracts and demand pro-rata refunds of the up-front fees with short notice.
Deferred revenue from estimated potential penalties and holdbacks results from the failure to meet specified minimum service levels in certain contracts and other performance-based contingencies.
Deferred revenue from estimated chargebacks reflects the right of certain of the Company’s clients to chargeback accounts that do not meet certain requirements for specified periods after a sale has occurred.
Deferred revenue consists of the following (in thousands):

 	  	March 31,
2018	 	  	January 1,
2018 (1)	 	
Future services	  	$	22,353	 	  	$	26,353	 	
Estimated potential penalties and holdbacks	  	 	3,462	 	  	 	3,291	 	
Estimated chargebacks	  	 	4,402	 	  	 	4,025	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	      30,217	 	  	$	      33,669	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
(1) The January 1, 2018 balance includes the $1.0 million adjustment to “Deferred revenue” upon adoption of ASC 606.
The following table reflects the revenue recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2018 that was included in “Deferred revenue” as of January 1, 2018 (in thousands):

 	  	    Future    
Services	 	  	  Estimated  
Potential
Penalties
and
Holdbacks	 	  	Estimated
Chargebacks	 	  	Total	 	
Revenue recognized in the period	  	$	6,840	 	  	$	305	 	  	$	119	 	  	$	      7,264	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Deferred revenue classified as future services represents the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that remain unsatisfied at period end. Such obligations are then satisfied over time. While these balances are classified as current due to cancellation and refund provisions whereby the customers can terminate the contracts and demand pro-rata refunds of the up-front fees with short notice, a portion of this revenue is not expected to be recognized for
 
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several years. The amount of future services revenue recognized in the current period primarily represents the Company’s satisfaction of the performance obligations associated with up-front fees from its customers that were previously included within deferred revenue as of January 1, 2018.
Of the consolidated deferred future services balance as of March 31, 2018, the Company expects to recognize revenue as outlined below (in thousands):

 	  	Future
Services	 	
Within 1 year	  	$	17,138	 	
1 - 2 years	  	 	2,451	 	
2 - 3 years	  	 	1,184	 	
3 - 4 years	  	 	790	 	
Thereafter	  	 	790	 	
	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	22,353	 	
	  	 	 	 	
The amount of revenue recognized in the current period associated with estimated potential penalties, holdbacks and chargebacks represents the Company’s satisfaction of service level and other performance-based contingencies, as well as the satisfaction of certain client requirements during the period after sale that were previously unsettled as of January 1, 2018. Of the remaining contract liabilities for estimated potential penalties, holdbacks and chargebacks as of March 31, 2018, the Company expects to recognize the entire balance as revenue within 30 to 120 days if the requisite service levels and client requirements are met in order to settle the contingency. Other changes to the opening and closing balances of these estimated potential penalties, holdbacks, and chargebacks include the establishment of new contingency-based deferrals associated with current period services performed, as well as client settlements for both previously recorded service level requirements and current period requirements that were not met.
With respect to the remaining customer engagement solutions and services contracts accounted for as stand-ready performance obligations each period, there are no unsatisfied performance obligations at period end as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of the services as they are delivered over time.
Note 3. Fair Value
ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”) requires disclosure about how fair value is determined for assets and liabilities and establishes a hierarchy for which these assets and liabilities must be grouped, based on significant levels of observable or unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. These two types of inputs have created the following fair value hierarchy:
 
 	•	 	Level 1 — Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.	
 	•	 	Level 2 — Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets.	
 	•	 	Level 3 — Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable .	
Fair Value of Financial Instruments — The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value:
 
 	•	 	Cash, short-term and other investments, investments held in rabbi trust and accounts payable — The carrying values for cash, short-term and other investments, investments held in rabbi trust and accounts payable approximate their fair values.	
 	•	 	Foreign currency forward contracts and options — Foreign currency forward contracts and options, including premiums paid on options, are recognized at fair value based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments or, if none are available, on pricing models or formulas using current market and model assumptions, including adjustments for credit risk.	
 	•	 	Embedded derivatives — Embedded derivatives within certain hybrid lease agreements are bifurcated from the host contract and recognized at fair value based on pricing models or formulas using significant unobservable inputs, including adjustments for credit risk.	
 	•	 	Long-term debt — The carrying value of long-term debt approximates its estimated fair value as the debt bears interest based on variable market rates, as outlined in the debt agreement.	
 	•	 	Contingent consideration — The contingent consideration is recognized at fair value based on the discounted cash flow method.	
Fair Value Measurements — ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.
 
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ASC 820-10-20 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants.
ASC 825 Financial Instruments (“ASC 825”) permits an entity to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings each period. The Company has not elected to use the fair value option permitted under ASC 825 for any of its financial assets and financial liabilities that are not already recorded at fair value.
Determination of Fair Value — The Company generally uses quoted market prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access to determine fair value, and classifies such items in Level 1. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize inputs other than quoted market prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, and inputs other than quoted market prices that are observable for the asset or liability. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.
If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon internally developed valuation techniques that use, where possible, current market-based or independently sourced market parameters, such as interest rates, currency exchange rates, etc. Assets or liabilities valued using such internally generated valuation techniques are classified according to the lowest level input or value driver that is significant to the valuation. Thus, an item may be classified in Level 3 even though there may be some significant inputs that are readily observable.
The following section describes the valuation methodologies used by the Company to measure assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which each asset or liability is generally classified.
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts and Options — The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts and options over the counter and values such contracts using quoted market prices of comparable instruments or, if none are available, on pricing models or formulas using current market and model assumptions, including adjustments for credit risk. The key inputs include forward or option foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. These items are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Embedded Derivatives — The Company uses significant unobservable inputs to determine the fair value of embedded derivatives, which are classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. These unobservable inputs include expected cash flows associated with the lease, currency exchange rates on the day of commencement, as well as forward currency exchange rates, the results of which are adjusted for credit risk. These items are classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. See Note 5, Financial Derivatives, for further information.
Investments Held in Rabbi Trust — The investment assets of the rabbi trust are valued using quoted market prices in active markets, which are classified in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. For additional information about the deferred compensation plan, refer to Note 6, Investments Held in Rabbi Trust, and Note 14, Stock-Based Compensation.
Contingent Consideration — The Company uses significant unobservable inputs to determine the fair value of contingent consideration, which is classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The contingent consideration recorded related to the acquisition of Qelp B.V. and its subsidiary (together, known as “Qelp”) and liabilities assumed as part of the Clear Link Holdings, LLC (“Clearlink”) acquisition was recognized at fair value using a discounted cash flow methodology and a discount rate of approximately 14.0% and 10.0%, respectively.
 
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The Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis subject to the requirements of ASC 820 consist of the following as of March 31, 2018 (in thousands):

 	  	 	 	  	Fair Value Measurements Using:	 	
  	  	Balance at	 	  	Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets
For
Identical
Assets	 	  	Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs	 	  	Significant
Unobservable
Inputs	 	
 	  	March 31,
2018	 	  	Level 1	 	  	Level 2	 	  	Level 3	 	
Assets:	  				  				  				  				
Foreign currency forward and option contracts (1)	  	$	1,239	 	  	$	-	 	  	$	1,239	 	  	$	-	 	
Embedded derivatives (1)	  	 	43	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	43	 	
Equity investments held in rabbi trust for the Deferred Compensation Plan  (2)	  	 	8,266	 	  	 	8,266	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	
Debt investments held in rabbi trust for the Deferred Compensation Plan  (2)	  	 	3,407	 	  	 	3,407	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	        12,955	 	  	$	            11,673	 	  	$	1,239	 	  	$	43	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Liabilities:	  				  				  				  				
Foreign currency forward and option contracts (1)	  	$	1,005	 	  	$	-	 	  	$	1,005	 	  	$	-	 	
Embedded derivatives (1)	  	 	452	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	452	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	1,457	 	  	$	-	 	  	$	          1,005	 	  	$	             452	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis subject to the requirements of ASC 820 consist of the following as of December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

 	  	 	 	  	Fair Value Measurements Using:	 	
  	  	Balance at	 	  	Quoted
Prices in
Active Markets
For Identical
Assets	 	  	Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs	 	  	Significant
Unobservable
Inputs	 	
 	  	December 31,
2017	 	  	Level 1	 	  	Level 2	 	  	Level 3	 	
Assets:	  				  				  				  				
Foreign currency forward and option contracts (1)	  	$	3,848	 	  	$	-	 	  	$	3,848	 	  	$	-	 	
Embedded derivatives (1)	  	 	52	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	52	 	
Equity investments held in rabbi trust for the Deferred Compensation Plan (2)	  	 	8,094	 	  	 	8,094	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	
Debt investments held in rabbi trust for the Deferred Compensation
Plan (2)	  	 	3,533	 	  	 	3,533	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	          15,527	 	  	$	        11,627	 	  	$	          3,848	 	  	$	52	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Liabilities:	  				  				  				  				
Foreign currency forward and option contracts (1)	  	$	256	 	  	$	-	 	  	$	256	 	  	$	-	 	
Embedded derivatives (1)	  	 	579	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	579	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	835	 	  	$	-	 	  	$	256	 	  	$	             579	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
(1) See Note 5, Financial Derivatives, for the classification in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2) Included in “Other current assets” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 6, Investments Held in Rabbi Trust.
 
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Reconciliations of Fair Value Measurements Categorized within Level 3 of the Fair Value Hierarchy
Embedded Derivatives in Lease Agreements
A rollforward of the net asset (liability) activity in the Company’s fair value of the embedded derivatives is as follows (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Balance at the beginning of the period	  	$	(527	) 	  	$	(555	) 	
Gains (losses) recognized in “Other income (expense), net”	  	 	87	 	  	 	139	 	
Settlements	  	 	42	 	  	 	45	 	
Effect of foreign currency	  	 	(11	) 	  	 	(4	) 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Balance at the end of the period	  	$	(409	) 	  	$	(375	) 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Change in unrealized gains (losses) included in “Other income (expense), net” related to embedded derivatives held at the end of the period	  	$	                  87	 	  	$	                  141	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Contingent Consideration
A rollforward of the activity in the Company’s fair value of the contingent consideration (liability) is as follows (none in 2018) (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended
March 31, 2017	 	
Balance at the beginning of the period	  	$	(6,100	) 	
Imputed interest	  	 	(34	) 	
Fair value gain (loss) adjustments (1)	  	 	433	 	
Settlements	  	 	126	 	
Effect of foreign currency	  	 	(58	) 	
	  	 	 	 	
Balance at the end of the period	  	$	(5,633	) 	
	  	 	 	 	
Change in unrealized gains (losses) included in “General and administrative” related to contingent consideration outstanding at the end of the period	  	$	                            -	 	
	  	 	 	 	
(1) Included in “General and administrative” costs in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
The Company recorded a fair value gain of $0.4 million in “General and administrative” during the three months ended March 31, 2017 to the Clearlink contingent consideration upon settlement of one of the contingent consideration liabilities. All outstanding Clearlink contingent consideration liabilities were paid prior to December 31, 2017.
The Company paid $4.4 million in May 2017 to settle the outstanding Qelp contingent consideration obligation.
The Company accreted interest expense each period using the effective interest method until the contingent consideration reached the estimated future value. Interest expense related to the contingent consideration was included in “Interest (expense)” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017.
Non-Recurring Fair Value
Certain assets, under certain conditions, are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis utilizing Level 3 inputs, including goodwill, other intangible assets, other long-lived assets and equity method investments. For these assets, measurement at fair value in periods subsequent to their initial recognition would be applicable if these assets were determined to be impaired. The adjusted carrying values for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis (no liabilities) subject to the requirements of ASC 820 were not material at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.
 
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The following table summarizes the total impairment losses related to nonrecurring fair value measurements of certain assets (no liabilities) subject to the requirements of ASC 820 (in thousands):

 	  	Total Impairment (Loss)	 	
 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Americas:	  				  	 		 	
Property and equipment, net	  	$	            (3,526	) 	  	$	               (202	) 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
In connection with the closure of certain under-utilized customer contact management centers in the U.S. and Canada, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $3.5 million related to leasehold improvements, equipment, furniture and fixtures which were not recoverable during the three months ended March 31, 2018.
The Company recorded an impairment charge of $0.2 million related to the write-down of a vacant and unused parcel of land in the U.S. to its estimated fair value during the three months ended March 31, 2017.
Note 4. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets
The following table presents the Company’s purchased intangible assets as of March 31, 2018 (in thousands):

 	  	Gross
Intangibles	 	  	Accumulated
Amortization	 	  	Net
Intangibles	 	  	Weighted
Average
Amortization
Period (years)	 	
Intangible assets subject to amortization:	  				  				  				  				
Customer relationships	  	$	    170,550	 	  	$	(98,417	) 	  	$	72,133	 	  	 	10	 	
Trade names and trademarks	  	 	14,141	 	  	 	(9,228	) 	  	 	4,913	 	  	 	7	 	
Non-compete agreements	  	 	1,820	 	  	 	(1,204	) 	  	 	616	 	  	 	3	 	
Content library	  	 	556	 	  	 	(556	) 	  	 	-	 	  	 	2	 	
Proprietary software	  	 	1,040	 	  	 	(620	) 	  	 	420	 	  	 	4	 	
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:	  				  				  				  				
Domain names	  	 	65,541	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	65,541	 	  	 	N/A	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  				
	  	$	253,648	 	  	$	    (110,025	) 	  	$	    143,623	 	  	 	5	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  				
The following table presents the Company’s purchased intangible assets as of December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

 	  	Gross
Intangibles	 	  	Accumulated
Amortization	 	  	Net
Intangibles	 	  	Weighted
Average
Amortization
Period (years)	 	
Intangible assets subject to amortization:	  				  				  				  				
Customer relationships	  	$	    170,853	 	  	$	(95,175	) 	  	$	75,678	 	  	 	10	 	
Trade names and trademarks	  	 	14,138	 	  	 	(8,797	) 	  	 	5,341	 	  	 	7	 	
Non-compete agreements	  	 	1,820	 	  	 	(1,052	) 	  	 	768	 	  	 	3	 	
Content library	  	 	542	 	  	 	(542	) 	  	 	-	 	  	 	2	 	
Proprietary software	  	 	1,040	 	  	 	(585	) 	  	 	455	 	  	 	4	 	
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:	  				  				  				  				
Domain names	  	 	58,035	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	58,035	 	  	 	N/A	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  				
	  	$	246,428	 	  	$	    (106,151	) 	  	$	    140,277	 	  	 	6	 	

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The Company’s estimated future amortization expense for the succeeding years relating to the purchased intangible assets resulting from acquisitions completed prior to March 31, 2018 is as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending December 31,	  	  Amount  	 	
2018 (remaining nine months)	  	$	10,925	 	
2019	  	 	14,083	 	
2020	  	 	11,405	 	
2021	  	 	6,849	 	
2022	  	 	5,739	 	
2023	  	 	4,882	 	
2024 and thereafter	  	 	24,199	 	
Goodwill
Changes in goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2018 consist of the following (in thousands):

 	  	January 1,
2018	 	  	Acquisition	 	  	Effect of
Foreign
Currency	 	  	March 31,
2018	 	
Americas	  	$	258,496	 	  	$	-	 	  	$	(1,589	) 	  	$	256,907	 	
EMEA	  	 	10,769	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	          260	 	  	 	        11,029	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	    269,265	 	  	$	              -	 	  	$	(1,329	) 	  	$	267,936	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Changes in goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2017 consist of the following (in thousands):

 	  	January 1,
2017	 	  	Acquisition	 	  	Effect of
Foreign
Currency	 	  	December 31,
2017	 	
Americas	  	$	255,842	 	  	$	390	 	  	$	2,264	 	  	$	258,496	 	
EMEA	  	 	9,562	 	  	 	-	 	  	 	1,207	 	  	 	10,769	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	    265,404	 	  	$	          390	 	  	$	        3,471	 	  	$	    269,265	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The Company performs its annual goodwill impairment test during the third quarter, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist.
For the annual goodwill impairment test, the Company elected to forgo the option to first assess qualitative factors and performed its annual quantitative goodwill impairment test as of July 31, 2017. Under ASC 350, the carrying value of assets is calculated at the reporting unit level. The quantitative assessment of goodwill includes comparing a reporting unit’s calculated fair value to its carrying value. The calculation of fair value requires significant judgments including estimation of future cash flows, which is dependent on internal forecasts, estimation of the long-term rate of growth, the useful life over which cash flows will occur and determination of the Company’s weighted average cost of capital. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value and/or conclusions on goodwill impairment for each reporting unit. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, goodwill is considered impaired and an impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
The process of evaluating the fair value of the reporting units is highly subjective and requires significant judgment and estimates as the reporting units operate in a number of markets and geographical regions. The Company considered the income and market approaches to determine its best estimates of fair value, which incorporated the following significant assumptions:
 
 	•	 	Revenue projections, including revenue growth during the forecast periods;	
 	•	 	EBITDA margin projections over the forecast periods;	
 	•	 	Estimated income tax rates;	
 	•	 	Estimated capital expenditures; and	
 	•	 	Discount rates based on various inputs, including the risks associated with the specific reporting units as well as their revenue growth and EBITDA margin assumptions.	
 
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As of July 31, 2017, the Company concluded that goodwill was not impaired for all six of its reporting units with goodwill, based on generally accepted valuation techniques and the significant assumptions outlined above. While the fair values of four of the six reporting units were substantially in excess of their carrying value, the Qelp and Clearlink reporting units’ fair value exceeded the respective carrying value, although not substantially.
The Qelp and Clearlink reporting units are at risk of future impairment if projected operating results are not met or other inputs into the fair value measurement change. However, as of March 31, 2018, the Company believes there were no indicators of impairment related to Qelp’s $11.0 million of goodwill or Clearlink’s $71.0 million of goodwill.
Note 5. Financial Derivatives
Cash Flow Hedges – The Company has derivative assets and liabilities relating to outstanding forward contracts and options, designated as cash flow hedges, as defined under ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), consisting of Philippine Peso, Costa Rican Colon, Hungarian Forint and Romanian Leu contracts. These contracts are entered into to hedge the exposure to variability in the cash flows of a specific asset or liability, or of a forecasted transaction that is attributable to changes in exchange rates.
The deferred gains (losses) and related taxes on the Company’s cash flow hedges recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” (“AOCI”) in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows (in thousands):

 	  	March 31,
2018	 	  	December 31,
2017	 	
Deferred gains (losses) in AOCI	  	$	(466	) 	  	$	2,550	 	
Tax on deferred gains (losses) in AOCI	  	 	                44	 	  	 	(79	) 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Deferred gains (losses) in AOCI, net of taxes	  	$	(422	) 	  	$	            2,471	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Deferred gains (losses) expected to be reclassified to “Revenues” from AOCI during the next twelve months	  	$	(371	) 	  				
	  	 	 	 	  				
Deferred gains (losses) and other future reclassifications from AOCI will fluctuate with movements in the underlying market price of the forward contracts and options.
Non-Designated Hedges
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts – The Company also periodically enters into foreign currency hedge contracts that are not designated as hedges as defined under ASC 815. The purpose of these derivative instruments is to protect the Company’s interests against adverse foreign currency moves relating primarily to intercompany receivables and payables, and other assets and liabilities that are denominated in currencies other than the Company’s subsidiaries’ functional currencies. These contracts generally do not exceed 180 days in duration.
Embedded Derivatives – The Company enters into certain lease agreements which require payments not denominated in the functional currency of any substantial party to the agreements. The foreign currency component of these contracts meets the criteria under ASC 815 as embedded derivatives. The Company has determined that the embedded derivatives are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contracts (lease agreements), and separate, stand-alone instruments with the same terms as the embedded derivative instruments would otherwise qualify as derivative instruments, thereby requiring separation from the lease agreements and recognition at fair value. Such instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting under ASC 815.
 
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The Company had the following outstanding foreign currency forward contracts and options, and embedded derivatives (in thousands):

 	  	March 31, 2018	 	  	December 31, 2017	 	
Contract Type	  	Notional
Amount in
USD	 	  	Settle
Through
Date	 	  	Notional
Amount
in USD	 	  	Settle
Through
Date	 	
Cash flow hedges:	  				  				  				  				
Options:	  				  				  				  				
US Dollars/Philippine Pesos	  	$	        92,500	 	  	 	March 2019	 	  	$	        78,000	 	  	 	December 2018  	 	
Forwards:	  				  				  				  				
US Dollars/Philippine Pesos	  	 	34,000	 	  	 	June 2019	 	  	 	3,000	 	  	 	June 2018	 	
US Dollars/Costa Rican Colones	  	 	83,000	 	  	 	June 2019	 	  	 	70,000	 	  	 	March 2019	 	
Euros/Hungarian Forints	  	 	2,747	 	  	 	December 2018  	 	  	 	3,554	 	  	 	December 2018  	 	
Euros/Romanian Leis	  	 	10,792	 	  	 	December 2018  	 	  	 	13,977	 	  	 	December 2018  	 	
Non-designated hedges:	  				  				  				  				
Forwards	  	 	9,100	 	  	 	June 2018	 	  	 	9,253	 	  	 	March 2018	 	
Embedded derivatives	  	 	13,960	 	  	 	April 2030	 	  	 	13,519	 	  	 	April 2030	 	
Master netting agreements exist with each respective counterparty to reduce credit risk by permitting net settlement of derivative positions. In the event of default by the Company or one of its counterparties, these agreements include a set-off clause that provides the non-defaulting party the right to net settle all derivative transactions, regardless of the currency and settlement date. The maximum amount of loss due to credit risk that, based on gross fair value, the Company would incur if parties to the derivative transactions that make up the concentration failed to perform according to the terms of the contracts was $1.2 million and $3.8 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. After consideration of these netting arrangements and offsetting positions by counterparty, the total net settlement amount as it relates to these positions are asset positions of $0.6 million and $3.6 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, and liability positions of $0.4 million and $0 as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.
Although legally enforceable master netting arrangements exist between the Company and each counterparty, the Company has elected to present the derivative assets and derivative liabilities on a gross basis in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Additionally, the Company is not required to pledge, nor is it entitled to receive, cash collateral related to these derivative transactions.
 
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The following tables present the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands):

 	  	Derivative Assets	 	
 	  	March 31, 2018	 	  	December 31, 2017	 	
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments under ASC 815:	  				  				
Foreign currency forward and option contracts (1)	  	$	1,239	 	  	$	3,604	 	
			
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815:	  				  				
Foreign currency forward contracts (1)	  	 	-	 	  	 	244	 	
Embedded derivatives (1)	  	 	8	 	  	 	9	 	
Embedded derivatives (2)	  	 	35	 	  	 	43	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total derivative assets	  	$	                        1,282	 	  	$	                        3,900	 	

 	  	Derivative Liabilities	 	
 	  	March 31, 2018	 	  	December 31, 2017	 	
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments under ASC 815:	  				  				
Foreign currency forward and option contracts (3)	  	$	701	 	  	$	175	 	
Foreign currency forward and option contracts (4)	  	 	95	 	  	 	81	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	 	796	 	  	 	256	 	
			
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815:	  				  				
Foreign currency forward contracts (3)	  	 	209	 	  	 	-	 	
Embedded derivatives (3)	  	 	133	 	  	 	189	 	
Embedded derivatives (4)	  	 	319	 	  	 	390	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total derivative liabilities	  	$	1,457	 	  	$	835	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
(1) Included in “Other current assets” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2) Included in “Deferred charges and other assets” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(3) Included in “Other accrued expenses and current liabilities” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(4) Included in “Other long-term liabilities” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following table presents the effect of the Company’s derivative instruments included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

 	  	Gain (Loss)
Recognized in AOCI
on Derivatives
(Effective Portion)	 	 	Gain (Loss)
Reclassified From
AOCI Into
“Revenues”
(Effective Portion)	 	 	Gain (Loss)
Recognized in
“Revenues” on
Derivatives
(Ineffective Portion
and Amount
Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing)	 	
 	  	March 31,	 	 	March 31,	 	 	March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	 	2017	 	 	2018	 	  	2017	 	 	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments under ASC 815:	  				 				 				  				 				  				
Foreign currency forward and option contracts	  	$	(2,696	) 	 	$	(234	) 	 	$	237	 	  	$	(760	) 	 	$	6	 	  	$	-	 	
							
Derivatives designated as net investment hedging instruments under ASC 815:	  				 				 				  				 				  				
Foreign currency forward contracts	  	 	-	 	 	 	(599	) 	 	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	    (2,696	) 	 	$	      (833	) 	 	$	        237	 	  	$	      (760	) 	 	$	            6	 	  	$	              -	 	

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The following table presents the gains (losses) recognized in “Other income (expense), net” of the Company’s derivative instruments included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815:	  				  				
Foreign currency forward contracts	  	$	    (1,169	) 	  	$	        (839	) 	
Embedded derivatives	  	 	87	 	  	 	139	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
	  	$	(1,082	) 	  	$	(700	) 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Note 6. Investments Held in Rabbi Trust
The Company’s investments held in rabbi trust, classified as trading securities and included in “Other current assets” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, at fair value, consist of the following (in thousands):

 	  	March 31, 2018	 	  	December 31, 2017	 	
 	  	Cost	 	  	Fair Value	 	  	Cost	 	  	Fair Value	 	
Mutual funds	  	$	        8,221	 	  	$	        11,673	 	  	$	        8,096	 	  	$	        11,627	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The mutual funds held in rabbi trust were 71% equity-based and 29% debt-based as of March 31, 2018. Net investment income (losses), included in “Other income (expense), net” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations consists of the following (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Net realized gains (losses) from sale of trading securities	  	$	            5	 	  	$	            -	 	
Dividend and interest income	  	 	25	 	  	 	14	 	
Net unrealized holding gains (losses)	  	 	(55	) 	  	 	393	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Net investment income (losses)	  	$	(25	) 	  	$	407	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Note 7. Deferred Grants
Deferred grants, net of accumulated amortization, consist of the following (in thousands):

 	  	March 31,
2018	 	  	December 31,
2017	 	
Property grants	  	$	            2,714	 	  	$	    2,843	 	
Lease grants	  	 	496	 	  	 	507	 	
Employment grants	  	 	59	 	  	 	61	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total deferred grants	  	 	3,269	 	  	 	3,411	 	
Less: Lease grants - short-term (1)	  	 	(121	) 	  	 	(117	) 	
Less: Employment grants - short-term (1)	  	 	(59	) 	  	 	(61	) 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total long-term deferred grants	  	$	3,089	 	  	$	3,233	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
(1) Included in “Other accrued expenses and current liabilities” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Note 8. Borrowings
On May 12, 2015, the Company entered into a $440 million revolving credit facility (the “Credit Agreement”) with a group of lenders and KeyBank National Association, as Lead Arranger, Sole Book Runner, Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and Issuing Lender (“KeyBank”). The Credit Agreement is subject to certain borrowing limitations and includes certain customary financial and restrictive covenants.
The Credit Agreement includes a $200 million alternate-currency sub-facility, a $10 million swingline sub-facility and a $35 million letter of credit sub-facility, and may be used for general corporate purposes including acquisitions, share repurchases, working capital support and letters of credit, subject to certain limitations. The Company is not currently aware of any inability of its lenders to provide access to the full commitment of funds that exist under the
 
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revolving credit facility, if necessary. However, there can be no assurance that such facility will be available to the Company, even though it is a binding commitment of the financial institutions.
The Credit Agreement matures on May 12, 2020, and had outstanding borrowings of $100.0 million and $275.0 million at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, included in “Long-term debt” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at the rates set forth in the Credit Agreement. In addition, the Company is required to pay certain customary fees, including a commitment fee determined quarterly based on the Company’s leverage ratio and due quarterly in arrears as calculated on the average unused amount of the Credit Agreement.
The Credit Agreement is guaranteed by all of the Company’s existing and future direct and indirect material U.S. subsidiaries and secured by a pledge of 100% of the non-voting and 65% of the voting capital stock of all the direct foreign subsidiaries of the Company and those of the guarantors.
In May 2015, the Company paid an underwriting fee of $0.9 million for the Credit Agreement, which is deferred and amortized over the term of the loan, along with the deferred loan fees of $0.4 million related to the previous credit agreement.
The following table presents information related to our credit agreements (dollars in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	 	2017	 	
Average daily utilization	  	$	        121,389	 	 	$	        267,000	 	
Interest expense (1), (2)	  	$	1,001	 	 	$	1,443	 	
Weighted average interest rate (2)	  	 	3.4	% 	 	 	2.2	% 	
(1) Excludes the amortization of deferred loan fees.
(2) Includes the commitment fee.
On January 12, 2018, the Company repaid $175.0 million of long-term debt outstanding under its Credit Agreement, primarily using funds repatriated from its foreign subsidiaries, resulting in a remaining outstanding debt balance of $100.0 million.
Note 9. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The Company presents data in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity in accordance with ASC 220, Comprehensive Income (“ASC 220”). ASC 220 establishes rules for the reporting of comprehensive income (loss) and its components. The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consist of the following (in thousands):

 	  	Foreign
Currency
Translation
Gain (Loss)	 	 	Unrealized
Gain
(Loss) on
Net
Investment
Hedge	 	 	Unrealized
Gain (Loss)
on
Cash Flow
Hedging
Instruments	 	 	Unrealized
Actuarial
Gain
(Loss)
Related
to Pension
Liability	 	 	Unrealized
Gain
(Loss) on
Post
Retirement
Obligation	 	 	Total	 	
Balance at January 1, 2017	  	$	    (72,393	) 	 	$	    6,266	 	 	$	    (2,225	) 	 	$	    1,125	 	 	$	    200	 	 	$	  (67,027	) 	
Pre-tax amount	  	 	36,101	 	 	 	(8,352	) 	 	 	2,276	 	 	 	527	 	 	 	(30	) 	 	 	30,522	 	
Tax (provision) benefit	  	 	-	 	 	 	3,132	 	 	 	(54	) 	 	 	(18	) 	 	 	-	 	 	 	3,060	 	
Reclassification of (gain) loss to net income	  	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,444	 	 	 	(53	) 	 	 	(50	) 	 	 	2,341	 	
Foreign currency translation	  	 	(23	) 	 	 	-	 	 	 	30	 	 	 	(7	) 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance at December 31, 2017	  	 	(36,315	) 	 	 	1,046	 	 	 	2,471	 	 	 	1,574	 	 	 	120	 	 	 	(31,104	) 	
Pre-tax amount	  	 	144	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,690	) 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,546	) 	
Tax (provision) benefit	  	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	126	 	 	 	3	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	129	 	
Reclassification of (gain) loss to net income	  	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(250	) 	 	 	(18	) 	 	 	(10	) 	 	 	(278	) 	
Foreign currency translation	  	 	147	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(79	) 	 	 	(68	) 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance at March 31, 2018	  	$	(36,024	) 	 	$	1,046	 	 	$	(422	) 	 	$	1,491	 	 	$	110	 	 	$	(33,799	) 	

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The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified to net income from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and the associated line item in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	 	Statements of
Operations	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	 	Location	 	
Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedging Instruments: (1)	  				  				 				
Pre-tax amount	  	 	243	 	  	 	(760	) 	 	 	Revenues	 	
Tax (provision) benefit	  	 	7	 	  	 	41	 	 	 	Income taxes	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 				
Reclassification to net income	  	 	250	 	  	 	(719	) 	 				
Actuarial Gain (Loss) Related to Pension Liability: (2)	  				  				 				
Pre-tax amount	  	$	15	 	  	$	              10	 	 	 	Other income        
(expense), net	 
 	
Tax (provision) benefit	  	 	3	 	  	 	-	 	 	 	Income taxes	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 				
Reclassification to net income	  	 	18	 	  	 	10	 	 				
Gain (Loss) on Post Retirement Obligation: (2),(3)	  				  				 				
Reclassification to net income	  	 	10	 	  	 	12	 	 	 	Other income
(expense), net	 

Total reclassification of gain (loss) to net income	  	$	            278	 	  	$	(697	) 	 				
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	 				
(1) See Note 5, Financial Derivatives, for further information.
(2) See Note 13, Defined Benefit Pension Plan and Postretirement Benefits, for further information.
(3) No related tax (provision) benefit.
As discussed in Note 10, Income Taxes, for periods prior to December 31, 2017, any remaining outside basis differences associated with the Company’s investments in its foreign subsidiaries are considered to be indefinitely reinvested and no provision for income taxes on those earnings or translation adjustments has been provided.
Note 10. Income Taxes
The Company’s effective tax rates were 18.3% and 26.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate is due to a benefit of $0.6 million from the reduction in the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% as a result of the 2017 Tax Reform Act. This was partially offset by a $0.6 million decrease in the amount of excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation recognized in March 31, 2018 as compared to March 31, 2017. For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized a discrete tax benefit related to the excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation of $0.3 million and $0.9 million, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate was also significantly affected by shifts in earnings among the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. Several additional factors, none of which are individually material, also impacted the rate. The difference between the Company’s effective tax rate as compared to the U.S. statutory federal tax rate of 21.0% was primarily due to the aforementioned factors as well as the recognition of tax benefits resulting from foreign tax rate differentials, income earned in certain tax holiday jurisdictions and tax credits, partially offset by the tax impact of permanent differences, state income and foreign withholding.
The 2017 Tax Reform Act made significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code, including, but not limited to, a federal corporate tax rate decrease from 35% to 21% for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, the transition of U.S. international taxation from a worldwide tax system to a participation exemption regime, and a one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings. The Company estimated its provision for income taxes in accordance with the 2017 Tax Reform Act and guidance available upon enactment and as a result recorded $32.7 million as additional income tax expense in the fourth quarter of 2017, the period in which the legislation was signed into law. The $32.7 million estimate includes the provisional amount related to the one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings of $32.7 million based on cumulative foreign earnings of $531.8 million and $1.0 million of foreign withholding taxes on certain anticipated distributions. The provisional tax expense was partially offset by a provisional benefit of $1.0 million related to the remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities, based on the rates at which they are expected to reverse in the future. The Company has not recorded any adjustments to this provisional amount as of March 31, 2018.
Prior to December 31, 2017, no additional income taxes have been provided for any remaining outside basis differences inherent in the Company’s investments in its foreign subsidiaries as these amounts continue to be indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations. Determining the amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability related to any remaining outside basis difference in these entities is not practicable due to the inherent complexity of the multi-national tax environment in which the Company operates.
 
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On December 22, 2017, the SEC issued SAB 118 to address the application of U.S. GAAP in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Reform Act. In accordance with SAB 118, the Company has determined that the deferred tax benefit recorded in connection with the remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities and the current tax expense recorded in connection with the transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings was a provisional amount and a reasonable estimate at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Additional work is necessary for a more detailed analysis of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities and its historical foreign earnings as well as potential correlative adjustments. Any subsequent adjustment to these amounts will be recorded to current tax expense in the quarter of identification, but no later than one year from the enactment date.
The 2017 Tax Reform Act instituted a number of new provisions effective January 1, 2018, including GILTI, Foreign Derived Intangible Income (“FDII”) and Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax (“BEAT”). The Company made a reasonable estimate of the impact of each of these provisions of the 2017 Tax Reform Act on its effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and determined that the resulting impact was not material. The Company will continue to refine its provisional estimates related to the GILTI, FDII and BEAT rules as additional information is made available.
The Company received assessments for the Canadian 2003-2009 audit. Requests for Competent Authority Assistance were filed with both the Canadian Revenue Agency and the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and the Company paid mandatory security deposits to Canada as part of this process. As of June 30, 2017, the Company determined that all material aspects of the Canadian audit were effectively settled pursuant to ASC 740. As a result, the Company recognized an income tax benefit of $1.2 million, net of the U.S. tax impact, at that time and the deposits were applied against the anticipated liability.
With the effective settlement of the Canadian audit, the Company has no significant tax jurisdictions under audit; however, the Company is currently under audit in several tax jurisdictions. The Company believes it is adequately reserved for the remaining audits and their resolution is not expected to have a material impact on its financial conditions and results of operations.
Note 11. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods. Diluted earnings per share includes the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the respective periods and the further dilutive effect, if any, from stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and shares held in rabbi trust using the treasury stock method.
The numbers of shares used in the earnings per share computation are as follows (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Basic:	  				  				
Weighted average common shares outstanding	  	 	41,939	 	  	 	41,654	 	
Diluted:	  				  				
Dilutive effect of stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and shares held in rabbi trust	  	 	293	 	  	 	251	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total weighted average diluted shares outstanding	  	 	42,232	 	  	 	41,905	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Anti-dilutive shares excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation	  	 	9	 	  	 	9	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
On August 18, 2011, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized the Company to purchase up to 5.0 million shares of its outstanding common stock (the “2011 Share Repurchase Program”). On March 16, 2016, the Board authorized an increase of 5.0 million shares to the 2011 Share Repurchase Program for a total of 10.0 million shares. A total of 5.3 million shares have been repurchased under the 2011 Share Repurchase Program since inception. The shares are purchased, from time to time, through open market purchases or in negotiated private transactions, and the purchases are based on factors, including but not limited to, the stock price, management discretion and general market conditions. The 2011 Share Repurchase Program has no expiration date.
 
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There were no shares repurchased under the Company’s share repurchase program during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017.
Note 12. Commitments and Loss Contingency
Commitments
During the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company entered into several leases in the ordinary course of business. The following is a schedule of future minimum rental payments required under operating leases that have noncancelable lease terms as of March 31, 2018 (in thousands):

 	  	Amount	 	
2018 (remaining nine months)	  	$	336	 	
2019	  	 	2,779	 	
2020	  	 	2,887	 	
2021	  	 	2,949	 	
2022	  	 	2,976	 	
2023	  	 	2,524	 	
2024 and thereafter	  	 	6,778	 	
	  	 	 	 	
Total minimum payments required	  	$	        21,229	 	
	  	 	 	 	
During the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company entered into agreements with third-party vendors in the ordinary course of business whereby the Company committed to purchase goods and services used in its normal operations. These agreements generally are not cancelable, range from one to five year periods and may contain fixed or minimum annual commitments. Certain of these agreements allow for renegotiation of the minimum annual commitments. The following is a schedule of the future minimum purchases remaining under the agreements as of March 31, 2018 (in thousands):

    	  	Amount	 	
2018 (remaining nine months)	  	$	6,863	 	
2019	  	 	3,270	 	
2020	  	 	253	 	
2021	  	 	-	 	
2022	  	 	-	 	
2023	  	 	-	 	
2024 and thereafter	  	 	-	 	
	  	 	 	 	
Total minimum payments required	  	$	        10,386	 	
	  	 	 	 	
Loss Contingency
The Company, from time to time, is involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. With respect to these matters, management believes that the Company has adequate legal defenses and/or, when possible and appropriate, has provided adequate accruals related to those matters such that the ultimate outcome will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
Note 13. Defined Benefit Pension Plan and Postretirement Benefits
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
The following table provides information about the net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s pension plans (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Service cost	  	$	            114	 	  	$	            125	 	
Interest cost	  	 	50	 	  	 	49	 	
Recognized actuarial (gains)	  	 	(15	) 	  	 	(10	) 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Net periodic benefit cost	  	$	149	 	  	$	164	 	

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The Company’s service cost for its qualified pension plans was included in “Direct salaries and related costs” and “General and administrative” costs in its Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 3018 and 2017. The remaining components of net periodic benefit cost were included in “Other income (expense), net” in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017. See Note 1, Overview and Basis of Presentation, for further information related to the adoption of ASU 2016-18.
Employee Retirement Savings Plans
The Company maintains a 401(k) plan covering defined employees who meet established eligibility requirements. Under the plan provisions, the Company matches 50% of participant contributions to a maximum matching amount of 2% of participant compensation. The Company’s contributions included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
401(k) plan contributions	  	$	            459	 	  	$	            311	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangement
In 1996, the Company entered into a split-dollar life insurance arrangement to benefit the former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Under the terms of the arrangement, the Company retained a collateral interest in the policy to the extent of the premiums paid by the Company. The postretirement benefit obligation included in “Other long-term liabilities” and the unrealized gains (losses) included in “Accumulated other comprehensive income” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows (in thousands):

 	  	March 31,
2018	 	  	December 31,
2017	 	
Postretirement benefit obligation	  	$	                  14	 	  	$	                15	 	
Unrealized gains (losses) in AOCI (1)	  	 	110	 	  	 	120	 	
(1) Unrealized gains (losses) are due to changes in discount rates related to the postretirement obligation.
Note 14. Stock-Based Compensation
The Company’s stock-based compensation plans include the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, the Non-Employee Director Fee Plan and the Deferred Compensation Plan. The following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense (primarily in the Americas) and income tax benefits related to the stock-based compensation (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Stock-based compensation (expense) (1)	  	$	          (2,077	) 	  	$	          (2,471	) 	
Income tax benefit (2)	  	 	498	 	  	 	951	 	
(1) Included in “General and administrative” costs in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(2) Included in “Income taxes” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
There were no capitalized stock-based compensation costs as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.
Beginning January 1, 2017, as a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718) – Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (“ASU 2016-09”), the Company began accounting for forfeitures as they occur, rather than estimating expected forfeitures. The net cumulative effect of this change was recognized as a $0.2 million reduction to retained earnings as of January 1, 2017. Additionally, excess tax benefits (deficiencies) from stock compensation are included in “Income taxes” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations subsequent to the adoption of ASU 2016-09.
2011 Equity Incentive Plan — The Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) adopted the Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”) on March 23, 2011, as amended on May 11, 2011 to reduce the number of shares of common stock available to 4.0 million shares. The 2011 Plan was approved by the shareholders at the May 2011 Annual Shareholders’ Meeting. The 2011 Plan replaced and superseded the Company’s 2001 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2001 Plan”), which expired on March 14, 2011. The outstanding awards granted under the 2001
 
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Plan will remain in effect until their exercise, expiration or termination. The 2011 Plan permits the grant of restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, stock options and other stock-based awards to certain employees of the Company, members of the Company’s Board and certain non-employees who provide services to the Company in order to encourage them to remain in the employment of, or to faithfully provide services to, the Company and to increase their interest in the Company’s success.
Stock Appreciation Rights — The Board, at the recommendation of the Compensation and Human Resources Development Committee (the “Compensation Committee”), has approved in the past, and may approve in the future, awards of stock-settled stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) for eligible participants. SARs represent the right to receive, without payment to the Company, a certain number of shares of common stock, as determined by the Compensation Committee, equal to the amount by which the fair market value of a share of common stock at the time of exercise exceeds the grant price. The SARs are granted at the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant and vest one-third on each of the first three anniversaries of the date of grant, provided the participant is employed by the Company on such date. The SARs have a term of 10 years from the date of grant. The fair value of each SAR is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes valuation model that uses various assumptions.
The following table summarizes SARs activity as of March 31, 2018 and for the three months then ended:

Stock Appreciation Rights	  	Shares (000s)	 	  	Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price	 	  	Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(in years)	 	  	Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value (000s)	 	
Outstanding at January 1, 2018	  	 	734	 	  	$	                -	 	  				  				
Granted	  	 	-	 	  	$	-	 	  				  				
Exercised	  	 	(43	) 	  	$	-	 	  				  				
Forfeited or expired	  	 	-	 	  	$	-	 	  				  				
	  	 	 	 	  				  				  				
Outstanding at March 31, 2018	  	 	691	 	  	$	-	 	  	 	8.3	 	  	$	            597	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Vested or expected to vest at March 31, 2018	  	 	691	 	  	$	-	 	  	 	8.3	 	  	$	597	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Exercisable at March 31, 2018	  	 	363	 	  	$	-	 	  	 	7.8	 	  	$	597	 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
The following table summarizes information regarding SARs granted and exercised (in thousands, except per SAR amounts):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Number of SARs granted	  	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	
Weighted average grant-date fair value per SAR	  	$	-	 	  	$	-	 	
Intrinsic value of SARs exercised	  	$	305	 	  	$	306	 	
Fair value of SARs vested	  	$	            1,950	 	  	$	            1,846	 	
The following table summarizes nonvested SARs activity as of March 31, 2018 and for the three months then ended:

Nonvested Stock Appreciation Rights	  	Shares (000s)	 	  	Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value	 	
Nonvested at January 1, 2018	  	 	600	 	  	$	              6.88	 	
Granted	  	 	-	 	  	$	-	 	
Vested	  	 	  (272	) 	  	$	7.16	 	
Forfeited or expired	  	 	-	 	  	$	-	 	
	  	 	 	 	  				
Nonvested at March 31, 2018	  	 	328	 	  	$	6.64	 	
	  	 	 	 	  				
As of March 31, 2018, there was $2.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of actual forfeitures, related to nonvested SARs granted under the 2011 Plan. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.3 years.
 
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Restricted Shares – The Board, at the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, has approved in the past, and may approve in the future, awards of performance and employment-based restricted shares (“restricted shares”) for eligible participants. In some instances, where the issuance of restricted shares has adverse tax consequences to the recipient, the Board may instead issue restricted stock units (“RSUs”). The restricted shares are shares of the Company’s common stock (or in the case of RSUs, represent an equivalent number of shares of the Company’s common stock) which are issued to the participant subject to (a) restrictions on transfer for a period of time and (b) forfeiture under certain conditions. The performance goals, including revenue growth and income from operations targets, provide a range of vesting possibilities from 0% to 100% and will be measured at the end of the performance period. If the performance conditions are met for the performance period, the shares will vest and all restrictions on the transfer of the restricted shares will lapse (or in the case of RSUs, an equivalent number of shares of the Company’s common stock will be issued to the recipient). The Company recognizes compensation cost, net of actual forfeitures, based on the fair value (which approximates the current market price) of the restricted shares (and RSUs) on the date of grant ratably over the requisite service period based on the probability of achieving the performance goals.
Changes in the probability of achieving the performance goals from period to period will result in corresponding changes in compensation expense. The employment-based restricted shares currently outstanding vest one-third on each of the first three anniversaries of the date of grant, provided the participant is employed by the Company on such date.
The following table summarizes nonvested restricted shares/RSUs activity as of March 31, 2018 and for the three months then ended:

Nonvested Restricted Shares and RSUs	  	Shares (000s)	 	  	Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value	 	
Nonvested at January 1, 2018	  	 	1,109	 	  	$	            28.50	 	
Granted	  	 	-	 	  	$	-	 	
Vested	  	 	(323	) 	  	$	25.78	 	
Forfeited or expired	  	 	(41	) 	  	$	25.78	 	
	  	 	 	 	  				
Nonvested at March 31, 2018	  	 	745	 	  	$	29.83	 	
	  	 	 	 	  				
The following table summarizes information regarding restricted shares/RSUs granted and vested (in thousands, except per restricted share/RSU amounts):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Number of restricted shares/RSUs granted	  	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	
Weighted average grant-date fair value per restricted share/RSU	  	$	-	 	  	$	-	 	
Fair value of restricted shares/RSUs vested	  	$	            8,342	 	  	$	            6,868	 	
As of March 31, 2018, there was $19.9 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of actual forfeitures, related to nonvested restricted shares/RSUs granted under the 2011 Plan. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.5 years.
Non-Employee Director Fee Plan — The Company’s 2004 Non-Employee Director Fee Plan (the “2004 Fee Plan”), as amended on May 17, 2012, provided that all new non-employee directors joining the Board would receive an initial grant of shares of common stock on the date the new director is elected or appointed, the number of which will be determined by dividing $60,000 by the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the trading day immediately preceding the date a new director is elected or appointed, rounded to the nearest whole number of shares. The initial grant of shares vested in twelve equal quarterly installments, one-twelfth on the date of grant and an additional one-twelfth on each successive third monthly anniversary of the date of grant. The award lapses with respect to all unvested shares in the event the non-employee director ceases to be a director of the Company, and any unvested shares are forfeited.
The 2004 Fee Plan also provided that each non-employee director would receive, on the day after the annual shareholders’ meeting, an annual retainer for service as a non-employee director (the “Annual Retainer”). Prior to May 17, 2012, the Annual Retainer was $95,000, of which $50,000 was payable in cash, and the remainder was paid in stock. The annual grant of cash vested in four equal quarterly installments, one-fourth on the day following the
 
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annual meeting of shareholders, and an additional one-fourth on each successive third monthly anniversary of the date of grant. The annual grant of shares paid to non-employee directors prior to May 17, 2012 vests in eight equal quarterly installments, one-eighth on the day following the annual meeting of shareholders, and an additional one-eighth on each successive third monthly anniversary of the date of grant. On May 17, 2012, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, the Board adopted the Fifth Amended and Restated Non-Employee Director Fee Plan (the “Amendment”), which increased the common stock component of the Annual Retainer by $30,000, resulting in a total Annual Retainer of $125,000, of which $50,000 was payable in cash and the remainder paid in stock. In addition, the Amendment also changed the vesting period for the annual equity award, from a two-year vesting period, to a one-year vesting period (consisting of four equal quarterly installments, one-fourth on the date of grant and an additional one-fourth on each successive third monthly anniversary of the date of grant). The award lapses with respect to all unpaid cash and unvested shares in the event the non-employee director ceases to be a director of the Company, and any unvested shares and unpaid cash are forfeited.
In addition to the Annual Retainer award, the 2004 Fee Plan also provided for any non-employee Chairman of the Board to receive an additional annual cash award of $100,000, and each non-employee director serving on a committee of the Board to receive an additional annual cash award. The additional annual cash award for the Chairperson of the Audit Committee is $20,000 and Audit Committee members are entitled to an annual cash award of $10,000. The annual cash awards for the Chairpersons of the Compensation Committee, Finance Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are $15,000, $12,500 and $12,500, respectively, and all other members of such committees are entitled to an annual cash award of $7,500.
The 2004 Fee Plan expired in May 2014, prior to the 2014 annual shareholders’ meeting. In March 2014, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, the Board determined that, following the expiration of the 2004 Fee Plan, the compensation of non-employee Directors should continue on the same terms as provided in the Fifth Amended and Restated Non-Employee Director Fee Plan, except the amounts of cash and equity grants shall be determined annually by the Board and that the stock portion of such compensation would be issued under the 2011 Plan.
At the Board’s regularly scheduled meeting on December 10, 2014, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, the Board determined that the amount of the cash and equity compensation payable to non-employee directors beginning on the date of the 2015 annual shareholders’ meeting would be increased as follows: cash compensation would be increased by $5,000 per year to a total of $55,000 and equity compensation would be increased by $25,000 per year to a total of $100,000. No change would be made in the additional amounts payable to the Chairman of the Board or the Chairs or members of the various Board committees for their service on such committees, and no changes would be made in the payment terms described above for such cash and equity compensation.
At the Board’s regularly scheduled meeting on December 6, 2016, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, the Board determined that the amount of the cash compensation payable to non-employee directors beginning on the date of the 2017 annual shareholders’ meeting would be increased by $15,000 per year to a total of $70,000.
The Board may pay additional cash compensation to any non-employee director for services on behalf of the Board over and above those typically expected of directors, including but not limited to service on a special committee of the Board. Directors who are executive officers of the Company receive no compensation for service as members of either the Board of Directors or any committees of the Board.
The following table summarizes nonvested common stock share award activity as of March 31, 2018 and for the three months then ended:

Nonvested Common Stock Share Awards	  	Shares (000s)	 	  	Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value	 	
Nonvested at January 1, 2018	  	 	8	 	  	$	            32.21	 	
Granted	  	 	-	 	  	$	-	 	
Vested	  	 	(7	) 	  	$	32.74	 	
Forfeited or expired	  	 	-	 	  	$	-	 	
	  	 	 	 	  				
Nonvested at March 31, 2018	  	 	1	 	  	$	29.36	 	

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The following table summarizes information regarding common stock share awards granted and vested (in thousands, except per share award amounts):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	
Number of share awards granted	  	 	-	 	  	 	-	 	
Weighted average grant-date fair value per share award	  	$	-	 	  	$	-	 	
Fair value of share awards vested	  	$	            210	 	  	$	            220	 	
As of March 31, 2018, there was less than $0.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of actual forfeitures, related to nonvested common stock share awards granted under the Fee Plan. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of less than one year.
Deferred Compensation Plan — The Company’s non-qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”), which is not shareholder-approved, was adopted by the Board effective December 17, 1998. It was last amended and restated on August 15, 2017, effective January 1, 2018. Eligibility is limited to a select group of key management and employees who are expected to receive an annualized base salary (which will not take into account bonuses or commissions) that exceeds the amount taken into account for purposes of determining highly compensated employees under Section 414(q) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 based on the current year’s base salary and applicable dollar amounts. The Deferred Compensation Plan provides participants with the ability to defer between 1% and 80% of their compensation (between 1% and 100% prior to June 30, 2016, the effective date of the first amendment) until the participant’s retirement, termination, disability or death, or a change in control of the Company. Using the Company’s common stock, the Company matches 50% of the amounts deferred by participants on a quarterly basis up to a total of $12,000 per year for the president, chief executive officer and executive vice presidents, $7,500 per year for senior vice presidents, global vice presidents and vice presidents, and, effective January 1, 2017, $5,000 per year for all other participants (there was no match for other participants prior to January 1, 2017, the effective date of the second amendment). Matching contributions and the associated earnings vest over a seven-year service period. Vesting will be accelerated in the event of the participant’s death or disability, a change in control or retirement (defined as separate from service after age 65). In the event of a distribution of benefits as a result of a change in control of the Company, the Company will increase the benefit by an amount sufficient to offset the income tax obligations created by the distribution of benefits. Deferred compensation amounts used to pay benefits, which are held in a rabbi trust, include investments in various mutual funds and shares of the Company’s common stock (see Note 6, Investments Held in Rabbi Trust).
As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, liabilities of $11.6 million and $11.6 million, respectively, of the Deferred Compensation Plan were recorded in “Accrued employee compensation and benefits” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Additionally, the Company’s common stock match associated with the Deferred Compensation Plan, with a carrying value of approximately $2.1 million and $2.1 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, is included in “Treasury stock” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following table summarizes nonvested common stock activity as of March 31, 2018 and for the three months then ended:

Nonvested Common Stock	  	Shares (000s)	 	  	Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value	 	
Nonvested at January 1, 2018	  	 	3	 	  	$	            29.56	 	
Granted	  	 	5	 	  	$	28.94	 	
Vested	  	 	(4	) 	  	$	28.99	 	
Forfeited or expired	  	 	-	 	  	$	-	 	
	  	 	 	 	  				
Nonvested at March 31, 2018	  	 	4	 	  	$	29.34	 	

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The following table summarizes information regarding shares of common stock granted and vested (in thousands, except per common stock amounts):

 	 	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	 	2018	 	 	2017	 	
Number of shares of common stock granted	 	 	5	 	 	 	7	 	
Weighted average grant-date fair value per common stock	 	$	28.94	 	 	$	29.40	 	
Fair value of common stock vested	 	$	117	 	 	$	162	 	
Cash used to settle the obligation	 	$	249	 	 	$	9	 	
As of March 31, 2018, there was $0.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of actual forfeitures, related to nonvested common stock granted under the Deferred Compensation Plan. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.7 years.
Note 15. Segments and Geographic Information
The Company operates within two regions, the Americas and EMEA. Each region represents a reportable segment comprised of aggregated regional operating segments, which portray similar economic characteristics. The Company aligns its business into two segments to effectively manage the business and support the customer care needs of every client and to respond to the demands of the Company’s global customers.
The reportable segments consist of (1) the Americas, which includes the United States, Canada, Latin America, Australia and the Asia Pacific Rim, and provides outsourced customer engagement solutions (with an emphasis on inbound technical support, digital support and demand generation, and customer service) and technical staffing and (2) EMEA, which includes Europe, the Middle East and Africa, and provides outsourced customer engagement solutions (with an emphasis on technical support and customer service) and fulfillment services. The sites within Latin America, Australia and the Asia Pacific Rim are included in the Americas segment given the nature of the business and client profile, which is primarily made up of U.S.-based companies that are using the Company’s services in these locations to support their customer engagement needs.
Information about the Company’s reportable segments is as follows (in thousands):

 	 	Americas	 	 	EMEA	 	 	Other (1)	 	 	Consolidated	 	
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018:	 				 				 				 				
Revenues	 	$	340,721	 	 	$	    73,627	 	 	$	23	 	 	$	414,371	 	
Percentage of revenues	 	 	82.2	% 	 	 	17.8	% 	 	 	0.0	% 	 	 	100.0	% 	
Depreciation, net	 	$	12,683	 	 	$	1,411	 	 	$	742	 	 	$	14,836	 	
Amortization of intangibles	 	$	3,992	 	 	$	221	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	4,213	 	
Income (loss) from operations	 	$	25,864	 	 	$	4,639	 	 	$	(16,219	) 	 	$	14,284	 	
Total other income (expense), net	 				 				 	 	(880	) 	 	 	(880	) 	
Income taxes	 				 				 	 	(2,456	) 	 	 	(2,456	) 	
	 				 				 				 	 	 	 	
Net income	 				 				 				 	$	10,948	 	
	 				 				 				 	 	 	 	
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017:	 				 				 				 				
Revenues	 	$	  320,931	 	 	$	63,067	 	 	$	16	 	 	$	    384,014	 	
Percentage of revenues	 	 	83.6	% 	 	 	16.4	% 	 	 	0.0	% 	 	 	100.0	% 	
Depreciation, net	 	$	11,468	 	 	$	1,186	 	 	$	694	 	 	$	13,348	 	
Amortization of intangibles	 	$	4,978	 	 	$	253	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	5,231	 	
Income (loss) from operations	 	$	37,972	 	 	$	5,580	 	 	$	  (17,499)	 	 	$	26,053	 	
Total other income (expense), net	 				 				 	 	(731	) 	 	 	(731	) 	
Income taxes	 				 				 	 	(6,610	) 	 	 	(6,610	) 	
	 				 				 				 	 	 	 	
Net income	 				 				 				 	$	18,712	 	
	 				 				 				 	 	 	 	
(1) Other items (including corporate and other costs, other income and expense, and income taxes) are included for purposes of reconciling to the Company’s consolidated totals as shown in the tables above for the periods shown. Inter-segment revenues are not material to the Americas and EMEA segment results.
The Company’s reportable segments are evaluated regularly by its chief operating decision maker to decide how to allocate resources and assess performance. The chief operating decision maker evaluates performance based upon reportable segment revenue and income (loss) from operations. Because assets by segment are not reported to or used
 
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by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to allocate resources, or to assess performance, total assets by segment are not disclosed.
The following table represents a disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers by geographic location for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, by the reportable segment for each category (in thousands):

 	 	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	 	2018	 	 	2017	 	
Americas:	 				 				
United States	 	$	171,446	 	 	$	153,643	 	
The Philippines	 	 	60,086	 	 	 	58,540	 	
Costa Rica	 	 	32,075	 	 	 	33,325	 	
Canada	 	 	27,189	 	 	 	29,722	 	
El Salvador	 	 	20,011	 	 	 	18,345	 	
People’s Republic of China	 	 	9,348	 	 	 	9,260	 	
Australia	 	 	7,702	 	 	 	6,649	 	
Mexico	 	 	6,318	 	 	 	5,609	 	
Other	 	 	6,546	 	 	 	5,838	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total Americas	 	 	340,721	 	 	 	320,931	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
EMEA:	 				 				
Germany	 	 	24,175	 	 	 	20,438	 	
Sweden	 	 	14,130	 	 	 	14,301	 	
United Kingdom	 	 	13,347	 	 	 	9,735	 	
Romania	 	 	8,136	 	 	 	6,393	 	
Other	 	 	13,839	 	 	 	12,200	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total EMEA	 	 	73,627	 	 	 	63,067	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total Other	 	 	23	 	 	 	16	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	 	$	    414,371	 	 	$	    384,014	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Revenues are attributed to countries based on location of customer, except for revenues for The Philippines, Costa Rica, the People’s Republic of China and India which are primarily comprised of customers located in the U.S., but serviced by centers in those respective geographic locations.
Note 16. Other Income (Expense)
Other income (expense), net consists of the following (in thousands):

 	 	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
 	 	2018	 	 	2017	 	
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)	 	$	          1,448	 	 	$	        1,179	 	
Gains (losses) on derivative instruments not designated as hedges	 	 	(1,082	) 	 	 	(700	) 	
Other miscellaneous income (expense)	 	 	(211	) 	 	 	334	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
	 	$	155	 	 	$	813	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Note 17. Related Party Transactions
In January 2008, the Company entered into a lease for a customer engagement center located in Kingstree, South Carolina. The landlord, Kingstree Office One, LLC, is an entity controlled by John H. Sykes, the founder, former Chairman and former Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the father of Charles Sykes, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The lease payments on the 20-year lease were negotiated at or below market rates, and the lease is cancellable at the option of the Company. The Company paid $0.1 million to the landlord during both the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 under the terms of the lease.
 
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated
Tampa, Florida
Results of Review of Interim Financial Information
We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet of Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2018, the related condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, changes in shareholders’ equity for the three-month period ended March 31, 2018, and of cash flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “interim financial information”). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial information for it to be in conformity with principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, 2017, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated March 1, 2018, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.
Basis for Review Results
This interim financial information is the responsibility of the Company’s management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our reviews in accordance with standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Tampa, Florida
May 8, 2018
 
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 Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this report and the consolidated financial statements and notes in the Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated (“SYKES,” “our,” “we” or “us”) Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
Our discussion and analysis may contain forward-looking statements (within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995) that are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts, and projections about SYKES, our beliefs, and assumptions made by us. In addition, we may make other written or oral statements, which constitute forward-looking statements, from time to time. Words such as “believe,” “estimate,” “project,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “seek,” variations of such words, and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Similarly, statements that describe our future plans, objectives, or goals also are forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including those discussed below and elsewhere in this report. Our actual results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements, and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. All forward-looking statements are made as of the date hereof, and we undertake no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i) the impact of economic recessions in the U.S. and other parts of the world, (ii) fluctuations in global business conditions and the global economy, (iii) currency fluctuations, (iv) the timing of significant orders for our products and services, (v) variations in the terms and the elements of services offered under our standardized contract including those for future bundled service offerings, (vi) changes in applicable accounting principles or interpretations of such principles, (vii) difficulties or delays in implementing our bundled service offerings, (viii) failure to achieve sales, marketing and other objectives, (ix) construction delays of new or expansion of existing customer engagement centers, (x) delays in our ability to develop new products and services and market acceptance of new products and services, (xi) rapid technological change, (xii) loss or addition of significant clients, (xiii) political and country-specific risks inherent in conducting business abroad, (xiv) our ability to attract and retain key management personnel, (xv) our ability to continue the growth of our support service revenues through additional technical and customer engagement centers, (xvi) our ability to further penetrate into vertically integrated markets, (xvii) our ability to expand our global presence through strategic alliances and selective acquisitions, (xviii) our ability to continue to establish a competitive advantage through sophisticated technological capabilities, (xix) the ultimate outcome of any lawsuits, (xx) our ability to recognize deferred revenue through delivery of products or satisfactory performance of services, (xxi) our dependence on the demand for outsourcing, (xxii) risk of interruption of technical and customer engagement center operations due to such factors as fire, earthquakes, inclement weather and other disasters, power failures, telecommunication failures, unauthorized intrusions, computer viruses and other emergencies, (xxiii) the existence of substantial competition, (xxiv) the early termination of contracts by clients, (xxv) the ability to obtain and maintain grants and other incentives (tax or otherwise), (xxvi) the potential of cost savings/synergies associated with acquisitions not being realized, or not being realized within the anticipated time period, (xxvii) risks related to the integration of the acquisitions and the impairment of any related goodwill, and (xxviii) other risk factors that are identified in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, including factors identified under the headings “Business,” “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Executive Summary
We are a leading provider of multichannel demand generation and global comprehensive customer engagement services. We provide differentiated full lifecycle customer engagement solutions and services to Global 2000 companies and their end customers primarily in the communications, financial services, technology, transportation and leisure, healthcare, retail and other industries. Our differentiated full lifecycle management services platform effectively engages customers at every touchpoint within the customer journey, including digital marketing and acquisition, sales expertise, customer service, technical support and retention. We serve our clients through two geographic operating regions: the Americas (United States, Canada, Latin America, Australia and the Asia Pacific Rim) and EMEA (Europe, the Middle East and Africa). Our Americas and EMEA regions primarily provide customer engagement solutions and services with an emphasis on inbound multichannel demand generation, customer service and technical support to our clients’ customers. These services, which represented 99.5% and 99.4% of consolidated revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, are delivered through multiple
 
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communication channels including phone, e-mail, social media, text messaging, chat and digital self-service. We also provide various enterprise support services in the United States (“U.S.”) that include services for our clients’ internal support operations, from technical staffing services to outsourced corporate help desk services. In Europe, we also provide fulfillment services, which includes order processing, payment processing, inventory control, product delivery and product returns handling. Our complete service offering helps our clients acquire, retain and increase the lifetime value of their customer relationships. We have developed an extensive global reach with customer engagement centers across six continents, including North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Australia and Africa. We deliver cost-effective solutions that generate demand, enhance the customer service experience, promote stronger brand loyalty, and bring about high levels of performance and profitability.
Recent Developments
2017 Tax Reform Act
In December 2017, the President of the United States (“U.S.”) signed into law the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “2017 Tax Reform Act”). In general, the 2017 Tax Reform Act reduces the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, effective in 2018. The 2017 Tax Reform Act moves from a worldwide business taxation approach to a participation exemption regime. The 2017 Tax Reform Act also imposes base-erosion prevention measures on non-U.S. earnings of U.S. entities, as well as a one-time mandatory deemed repatriation tax on accumulated non-U.S. earnings which was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2017. The impact of the 2017 Tax Reform Act on our consolidated financial results began with the fourth quarter of 2017, the period of enactment. This impact, along with the transitional taxes discussed in Note 10, Income Taxes, of the accompanying “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” is reflected in the Other segment.
Acquisition of Telecommunications Assets
In May 2017, we completed the acquisition of certain assets of a Global 2000 telecommunications service provider (the “Telecommunications Asset acquisition”) to strengthen and create new partnerships and expand our geographic footprint in North America. The total purchase price of $7.5 million was funded through cash on hand. The results of operations of the Telecommunications Asset acquisition have been reflected in our consolidated financial statements since May 31, 2017.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the amounts presented in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as well as the change between the respective periods:

 	 	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	
(in thousands)	 	2018	 	 	2017	 	 	  $ Change  	 	
Revenues	 	$	        414,371	 	 	$	        384,014	 	 	$	        30,357	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating expenses:	 				 				 				
Direct salaries and related costs	 	 	275,072	 	 	 	247,136	 	 	 	27,936	 	
General and administrative	 	 	102,440	 	 	 	92,044	 	 	 	10,396	 	
Depreciation, net	 	 	14,836	 	 	 	13,348	 	 	 	1,488	 	
Amortization of intangibles	 	 	4,213	 	 	 	5,231	 	 	 	(1,018	) 	
Impairment of long-lived assets	 	 	3,526	 	 	 	202	 	 	 	3,324	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total operating expenses	 	 	400,087	 	 	 	357,961	 	 	 	42,126	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income from operations	 	 	14,284	 	 	 	26,053	 	 	 	(11,769	) 	

Other income (expense):	 				 				 				
Interest income	 	 	171	 	 	 	155	 	 	 	16	 	
Interest (expense)	 	 	(1,206	) 	 	 	(1,699	) 	 	 	493	 	
Other income (expense), net	 	 	155	 	 	 	813	 	 	 	(658	) 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total other income (expense), net	 	 	(880	) 	 	 	(731	) 	 	 	(149	) 	

Income before income taxes	 	 	13,404	 	 	 	25,322	 	 	 	(11,918	) 	
Income taxes	 	 	2,456	 	 	 	6,610	 	 	 	(4,154	) 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	$	10,948	 	 	$	18,712	 	 	$	(7,764	) 	

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
Revenues

 	 	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	 	 	
 	 	2018	 	2017	 	 	 	
(in thousands)	 	Amount	 	 	% of Revenues	 	Amount	 	 	% of Revenues	 	$ Change	 	
Americas	 	$	340,721	 	 	82.2%	 	$	320,931	 	 	83.6%	 	$	19,790	 	
EMEA	 	 	73,627	 	 	17.8%	 	 	63,067	 	 	16.4%	 	 	10,560	 	
Other	 	 	23	 	 	0.0%	 	 	16	 	 	0.0%	 	 	7	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated	 	$	       414,371	 	 	100.0%	 	$	       384,014	 	 	100.0%	 	$	       30,357	 	
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated revenues increased $30.4 million, or 7.9%, for the three months ended March 31, 2018 from the comparable period in 2017.
The increase in Americas’ revenues was due to new clients of $31.3 million, higher volumes from existing clients of $4.2 million and a positive foreign currency impact of $3.8 million, partially offset by end-of-life client programs of $19.5 million. Revenues from our offshore operations represented 39.4% of Americas’ revenues in 2018, compared to 40.8% for the comparable period in 2017.
The increase in EMEA’s revenues was due to higher volumes from existing clients of $1.6 million, new clients of $1.3 million and a positive foreign currency impact of $8.6 million, partially offset by end-of-life client programs of $0.9 million.
On a consolidated basis, we had 53,600 brick-and-mortar seats as of March 31, 2018, an increase of 5,700 seats from the comparable period in 2017. This increase reflects seat additions to support higher projected demand. The capacity utilization rate on a combined basis was 68% compared to 74% in the comparable period in 2017. This decrease was primarily due to operational inefficiencies, capacity additions in certain geographies to address demand opportunities and short-term inefficiencies created by our progress in implementing actions to rationalize excess capacity.
On a segment basis, 46,400 seats were located in the Americas, an increase of 5,400 seats from the comparable period in 2017, and 7,200 seats were located in EMEA, an increase of 300 seats from the comparable period in 2017. Capacity utilization rates as of March 31, 2018 were 66% for the Americas and 79% for EMEA, compared to 73% and 81%, respectively, in the comparable period in 2017, with the decrease in utilization in the Americas primarily due to the aforementioned factors, while the decrease in EMEA is primarily due to seat additions to support higher projected demand. We are executing on initiatives to rationalize up to 10% of our total seat capacity on a gross basis and expect the bulk of this rationalization to occur in the second and third quarters, with the remainder completed by the end of 2018 or early 2019. We strive to attain a capacity utilization rate of 85% at each of our locations.
Direct Salaries and Related Costs

 	 	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	2018	 	2017	 	 	 	 	 	
(in thousands)	 	  Amount  	 	 	% of
  Revenues  	 	  Amount  	 	 	% of
  Revenues  	 	  $ Change  	 	 	Change in % of
Revenues	
Americas	 	$	223,153	 	 	65.5%	 	$	203,702	 	 	63.5%	 	$	19,451	 	 	2.0%	
EMEA	 	 	51,919	 	 	70.5%	 	 	43,434	 	 	68.9%	 	 	8,485	 	 	1.6%	
	 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		
Consolidated	 	$	    275,072	 	 	66.4%	 	$	    247,136	 	 	64.4%	 	$	27,936	 	 	2.0%	
	 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		
The increase of $27.9 million in direct salaries and related costs included a negative foreign currency impact of $0.8 million in the Americas and a negative foreign currency impact of $5.9 million in EMEA.
The increase in Americas’ direct salaries and related costs, as a percentage of revenues, was primarily attributable to higher compensation costs of 2.2% driven by a decrease in agent productivity due to operational inefficiencies principally within the financial services, transportation and communications verticals in the current period, higher background and drug testing costs of 0.2% and higher other costs of 0.3%, partially offset by lower auto tow claim costs of 0.3%, lower recruiting costs of 0.2% and lower communications costs of 0.2%.
The increase in EMEA’s direct salaries and related costs, as a percentage of revenues, was primarily attributable to higher compensation costs of 1.2% driven by a decrease in agent productivity principally within the technology
 
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vertical in the current period, higher communications costs of 0.2% and higher other costs of 0.4%, partially offset by lower fulfillment materials costs of 0.2%.
General and Administrative

 	 	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	2018	 	2017	 	 	 	 	 	
(in thousands)	 	  Amount  	 	 	% of
  Revenues  	 	  Amount  	 	 	% of
  Revenues  	 	  $ Change  	 	 	Change in % of
Revenues	
Americas	 	$	71,503	 	 	21.0%	 	$	62,609	 	 	19.5%	 	$	8,894	 	 	1.5%	
EMEA	 	 	15,437	 	 	21.0%	 	 	12,614	 	 	20.0%	 	 	2,823	 	 	1.0%	
Other	 	 	15,500	 	 	-	 	 	16,821	 	 	-	 	 	(1,321	) 	 	-	
	 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		
Consolidated	 	$	    102,440	 	 	24.7%	 	$	    92,044	 	 	24.0%	 	$	    10,396	 	 	0.7%	
	 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		
The increase of $10.4 million in general and administrative expenses included a negative foreign currency impact of $0.1 million in the Americas and a negative foreign currency impact of $1.9 million in EMEA.
The increase in Americas’ general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of revenues, was primarily attributable to higher compensations costs of 0.8%, higher software and maintenance costs of 0.3%, higher facility-related costs of 0.2% and higher other costs of 0.5%, partially offset by lower technology equipment and maintenance costs of 0.3%.
The increase in EMEA’s general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of revenues, was primarily attributable to higher recruiting costs of 0.4%, higher compensation costs of 0.2% and higher other costs of 0.4%.
The decrease of $1.3 million in Other general and administrative expenses, which includes corporate and other costs, was primarily attributable to lower compensation costs of $1.3 million, lower legal and professional fees of $0.4 million and lower travel costs of $0.2 million, partially offset by higher severance costs of $0.3 million and higher other costs of $0.3 million.
Depreciation, Amortization and Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 	 	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	2018	 	 	2017	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
(in thousands)	 	  Amount  	 	 	% of
  Revenues  	 	 	Amount	 	 	% of
  Revenues  	 	 	  $ Change  	 	 	Change in % of
Revenues	 	
Depreciation, net:	 				 				 				 				 				 				
Americas	 	$	12,683	 	 	 	3.7%	 	 	$	    11,468	 	 	 	3.6%	 	 	$	      1,215	 	 	 	 0.1% 	 	
EMEA	 	 	1,411	 	 	 	1.9%	 	 	 	1,186	 	 	 	1.9%	 	 	 	225	 	 	 	  0.0% 	 	
Other	 	 	742	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	694	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	48	 	 	 	 - 	 	
	 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				
Consolidated	 	$	14,836	 	 	 	3.6%	 	 	$	13,348	 	 	 	3.5%	 	 	$	1,488	 	 	 	 0.1% 	 	

Amortization of intangibles:	 				 				 				 				 				 				
Americas	 	$	3,992	 	 	 	1.2%	 	 	$	4,978	 	 	 	1.6%	 	 	$	(986	) 	 	 	 -0.4% 	 	
EMEA	 	 	221	 	 	 	0.3%	 	 	 	253	 	 	 	0.4%	 	 	 	(32	) 	 	 	 -0.1% 	 	
Other	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	 - 	 	
	 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				
Consolidated	 	$	4,213	 	 	 	1.0%	 	 	$	5,231	 	 	 	1.4%	 	 	$	(1,018	) 	 	 	 -0.4% 	 	

Impairment of long-lived assets:	 				 				 				 				 				 				
Americas	 	$	3,526	 	 	 	1.0%	 	 	$	202	 	 	 	0.1%	 	 	$	3,324	 	 	 	 0.9% 	 	
EMEA	 	 	-	 	 	 	0.0%	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	0.0%	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	 0.0% 	 	
Other	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	 - 	 	
	 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				
Consolidated	 	$	      3,526	 	 	 	0.9%	 	 	$	202	 	 	 	0.1%	 	 	$	3,324	 	 	 	 0.8% 	 	
	 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 				
The increase in depreciation was primarily due to new depreciable fixed assets placed into service supporting site expansions and infrastructure upgrades, partially offset by certain fully depreciated fixed assets.
The decrease in amortization was primarily due to certain fully amortized intangible assets.
 
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See Note 3, Fair Value, of the “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for further information regarding the impairment of long-lived assets.
Other Income (Expense)

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	  	 	 	
(in thousands)	  	2018	 	  	2017	 	  	$ Change	 	
Interest income	  	$	            171	 	  	$	            155	 	  	$	              16	 	

Interest (expense)	  	$	(1,206	) 	  	$	(1,699	) 	  	$	493	 	

Other income (expense), net:	  				  				  				
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)	  	$	1,448	 	  	$	1,179	 	  	$	269	 	
Gains (losses) on derivative instruments not designated as hedges	  	 	(1,082	) 	  	 	(700	) 	  	 	(382	) 	
Other miscellaneous income (expense)	  	 	(211	) 	  	 	334	 	  	 	(545	) 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Total other income (expense), net	  	$	155	 	  	$	813	 	  	$	(658	) 	
	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	  	 	 	 	
Interest income remained consistent with the comparable period.
The decrease in interest (expense) was primarily due to a decrease in the outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement as a result of the $175.0 million repayment in January 2018, partially offset by an increase in weighted average interest rates on outstanding borrowings.
The change in other miscellaneous income (expense) was primarily due to the net investment income (losses) related to the investments held in a rabbi trust. See Note 6, Investments Held in Rabbi Trust, of “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for further information.
Income Taxes

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	 	 	 	 	
(in thousands)	  	2018	 	 	2017	 	 	$ Change	 	
Income before income taxes	  	$	            13,404	 	 	$	            25,322	 	 	$	    (11,918	) 	
Income taxes	  	 	2,456	 	 	 	6,610	 	 	$
 	    (4,154
 	) 
 	
 	  	 	 	 	 	 	 	% Change	 	
Effective tax rate	  	 	18.3	% 	 	 	26.1	% 	 	 	-7.8	% 	
The decrease in the effective tax rate in 2018 compared to 2017 is due to a benefit of $0.6 million from the reduction in the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% as a result of the 2017 Tax Reform Act. This was partially offset by a $0.6 million decrease in the amount of excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation recognized in March 31, 2018 as compared to March 31, 2017. The decrease in the effective tax rate was also significantly affected by shifts in earnings among the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Several additional factors, none of which are individually material, also impacted the rate.
Client Concentration
Our top ten clients accounted for approximately 45.9% and 49.6% of our consolidated revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Total revenues by segment from AT&T Corporation (“AT&T”), a major provider of communication services for which we provide various customer support services over several distinct lines of AT&T businesses, were as follows (in thousands):

 	 	Three Months Ended March 31,	
 	 	2018	 	2017	
 	 	Amount	 	 	 % of Revenues 	 	Amount	 	 	 % of Revenues 	
Americas	 	$	            41,988	 	 	12.3%	 	$	            61,534	 	 	19.2%	
EMEA	 	 	-	 	 	0.0%	 	 	-	 	 	0.0%	
	 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		
	 	$	41,988	 	 	10.1%	 	$	61,534	 	 	16.0%	

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We have multiple distinct contracts with AT&T spread across multiple lines of businesses, which expire at varying dates between 2018 and 2020. We have historically renewed most of these contracts. However, there is no assurance that these contracts will be renewed, or if renewed, will be on terms as favorable as the existing contracts. Each line of business is governed by separate business terms, conditions and metrics. Each line of business also has a separate decision maker such that a loss of one line of business would not necessarily impact our relationship with the client and decision makers on other lines of business. The loss of (or the failure to retain a significant amount of business with) any of our key clients, including AT&T, could have a material adverse effect on our performance. Many of our contracts contain penalty provisions for failure to meet minimum service levels and are cancelable by the client at any time or on short notice. Also, clients may unilaterally reduce their use of our services under our contracts without penalty.
Total revenues by segment from our next largest client, which was in the financial services vertical in each of the periods, were as follows (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	
 	  	2018	 	2017	
 	  	Amount	 	  	 % of Revenues 	 	Amount	 	  	 % of Revenues 	
Americas	  	$	            30,609	 	  	9.0%	 	$	            22,927	 	  	7.1%	
EMEA	  	 	-	 	  	0.0%	 	 	-	 	  	0.0%	
	  	 	 	 	  		 	 	 	 	  		
	  	$	30,609	 	  	7.4%	 	$	22,927	 	  	6.0%	
	  	 	 	 	  		 	 	 	 	  		
Other than AT&T, total revenues by segment of our clients that each individually represents 10% or greater of that segment’s revenues in each of the periods were as follows (in thousands):

 	  	Three Months Ended March 31,	
 	  	2018	 	2017	
 	  	Amount	 	  	 % of Revenues 	 	Amount	 	  	 % of Revenues 	
Americas	  	$	-	 	  	0.0%	 	$	-	 	  	0.0%	
EMEA	  	 	27,645	 	  	37.5%	 	 	26,143	 	  	41.5%	
	  	 	 	 	  		 	 	 	 	  		
	  	$	            27,645	 	  	6.7%	 	$	            26,143	 	  	6.8%	
	  	 	 	 	  		 	 	 	 	  		
Business Outlook
For the three months ended June 30, 2018, we anticipate the following financial results:
 
 	•	 	Revenues in the range of $400.0 million to $405.0 million;	
 	•	 	Effective tax rate of approximately 30%;	
 	•	 	Fully diluted share count of approximately 42.2 million;	
 	•	 	Diluted earnings per share in the range of $0.11 to $0.14; and	
 	•	 	Capital expenditures in the range of $18.0 million to $22.0 million.	
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2018, we anticipate the following financial results:
 
 	•	 	Revenues in the range of $1,676.0 million to $1,691.0 million;	
 	•	 	Effective tax rate of approximately 19%;	
 	•	 	Fully diluted share count of approximately 42.3 million;	
 	•	 	Diluted earnings per share in the range of $1.40 to $1.50; and	
 	•	 	Capital expenditures in the range of $50.0 million to $55.0 million.	
We are revising our full-year 2018 revenue outlook, primarily due to unfavorable foreign exchange movements relative to the outlook provided in February 2018, a shift in existing demand to international delivery geographies and slightly lower projected demand. We continue to execute on various actions to address labor tightness and wage inflation cross-currents primarily in the U.S. These entail employing a combination of tactics ranging from negotiating price increases where feasible to shifting some existing and new client demand to either better positioned facilities, to the at-home agent model or to other international geographies. We expect demand seasonality to follow historical patterns, where projected second quarter revenues and implied operating margins are expected to be lower than first quarter 2018 actual results.
Our second quarter 2018 business outlook anticipates a pre-tax charge of approximately $7.0 million, or $0.12 per diluted share on an after-tax basis, related to capacity rationalization. The pre-tax charge is expected to be split roughly evenly between non-cash asset impairment as well as cash severance and other expenses. The full-year outlook reflects a pre-tax charge of approximately $14.0 million, or $0.25 per diluted share on an after-tax basis, with a roughly similar split between non-cash and cash.
Our revenues and earnings per share assumptions for the second quarter and full year 2018 are based on foreign exchange rates as of April 2018. Therefore, the continued volatility in foreign exchange rates between the U.S. Dollar and the functional currencies of the markets we serve could have a further impact, positive or negative, on revenues and earnings per share relative to the business outlook for the second quarter and full-year as discussed above.
We anticipate total other interest income (expense), net of approximately $(0.8) million for the second quarter and $(3.5) million for the full year 2018. The amounts in the other interest income (expense), net, however, exclude the potential impact of any future foreign exchange gains or losses.
We expect a slight reduction in our full-year 2018 effective tax rate compared to what was provided in our February 2018 outlook due largely to a shift in the geographic mix of earnings to lower tax jurisdictions.
Not included in this guidance is the impact of any future acquisitions, share repurchase activities or a potential sale of previously exited customer engagement centers.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity are generally cash flows generated by operating activities and from available borrowings under our revolving credit facility. We utilize these capital resources to make capital expenditures associated primarily with our customer engagement services, invest in technology applications and tools to further
 
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develop our service offerings and for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including repurchase of our common stock in the open market and to fund acquisitions. In future periods, we anticipate similar uses of these funds.
On August 18, 2011, the Board authorized us to purchase up to 5.0 million shares of our outstanding common stock (the “2011 Share Repurchase Program”). On March 16, 2016, the Board authorized an increase of 5.0 million shares to the 2011 Share Repurchase Program, for a total of 10.0 million. A total of 5.3 million shares have been repurchased under the 2011 Share Repurchase Program since inception. The shares are purchased, from time to time, through open market purchases or in negotiated private transactions, and the purchases are based on factors, including but not limited to, the stock price, management discretion and general market conditions. The 2011 Share Repurchase Program has no expiration date.
During the three months ended March 31, 2018, cash increased $28.6 million from operating activities and was offset by $175.0 million used to repay long-term debt, $13.3 million used for capital expenditures, a $7.5 million purchase of intangible assets and $3.6 million to repurchase common stock for tax withholding on equity awards, resulting in a $171.1 million decrease in available cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (including the unfavorable effects of foreign currency exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of $0.3 million).
Net cash flows provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2018 were $28.6 million, compared to $37.2 million for the comparable period in 2017. The $8.6 million decrease in net cash flows from operating activities was due to a $7.8 million decrease in net income and net decrease of $5.9 million in cash flows from assets and liabilities, partially offset by a $5.1 million increase in non-cash reconciling items such as depreciation, amortization, impairment and unrealized foreign currency transaction (gains) losses. The $5.9 million decrease in 2018 from 2017 in cash flows from assets and liabilities was principally a result of a $4.7 million decrease in taxes payable, net, a $2.9 million decrease in deferred revenue and a $1.6 million increase in accounts receivable, partially offset by a $2.5 million increase in other liabilities and a $0.8 million decrease in other assets. The $4.7 million decrease in the change in taxes payable, net in the three months ended March 31, 2018 over the comparable period in 2017 was primarily due to the reclassification to short-term of the Canadian Revenue Agency audit payables and an increase in estimated tax liabilities.
Capital expenditures, which are generally funded by cash generated from operating activities, available cash balances and borrowings available under our credit facilities, were $13.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, compared to $17.0 million for the comparable period in 2017, a decrease of $3.7 million. In 2018, we anticipate capital expenditures in the range of $50.0 million to $55.0 million, primarily for new seat additions, facility upgrades, maintenance and systems infrastructure.
On May 12, 2015, we entered into a $440 million revolving credit facility (the “Credit Agreement”) with a group of lenders and KeyBank National Association, as Lead Arranger, Sole Book Runner and Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and Issuing Lender (“KeyBank”). The Credit Agreement is subject to certain borrowing limitations and includes certain customary financial and restrictive covenants. At March 31, 2018, we were in compliance with all loan requirements of the Credit Agreement and had $100.0 million of outstanding borrowings under this facility.
Our Credit Agreement had an average daily utilization of $121.4 million and $267.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, the related interest expense, including the commitment fee and excluding the amortization of deferred loan fees, was $1.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively, which represented weighted average interest rates of 3.4% and 2.2%, respectively.
The Credit Agreement includes a $200 million alternate-currency sub-facility, a $10 million swingline sub-facility and a $35 million letter of credit sub-facility, and may be used for general corporate purposes including acquisitions, share repurchases, working capital support and letters of credit, subject to certain limitations. We are not currently aware of any inability of our lenders to provide access to the full commitment of funds that exist under the Credit Agreement, if necessary. However, there can be no assurance that such facility will be available to us, even though it is a binding commitment of the financial institutions. The Credit Agreement will mature on May 12, 2020.
Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at the rates set forth in the Credit Agreement. In addition, we are required to pay certain customary fees, including a commitment fee determined quarterly based on our leverage ratio and due quarterly in arrears as calculated on the average unused amount of the Credit Agreement.
 
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The Credit Agreement is guaranteed by all of our existing and future direct and indirect material U.S. subsidiaries and secured by a pledge of 100% of the non-voting and 65% of the voting capital stock of all of our direct foreign subsidiaries and those of the guarantors.
We received assessments for the Canadian 2003-2009 audit. Requests for Competent Authority Assistance were filed with both the Canadian Revenue Agency and the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and we paid mandatory security deposits to Canada as part of this process of approximately $13.8 million. As of June 30, 2017, we determined that all material aspects of the Canadian audit were effectively settled pursuant to ASC 740, Income Taxes . As a result, we recognized a net income tax benefit of $1.2 million and the deposits were netted against the anticipated liability at that time.
With the effective settlement of the Canadian audit, we have no significant tax jurisdictions under audit; however, we are currently under audit in several tax jurisdictions. We believe we are adequately reserved for the remaining audits and their resolution is not expected to have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
The 2017 Tax Reform Act provides for a one-time transition tax based on our undistributed foreign earnings on which we previously had deferred U.S. income taxes. We recorded a $28.3 million provisional liability, which is net of $5.0 million of available tax credits, for our one-time transition tax, of which $3.8 million and $24.5 million were included in “Income taxes payable” and “Long-term income tax liabilities,” respectively, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. This transition tax liability will be paid over the next eight years. As of December 31, 2017, no additional income taxes have been provided for any remaining outside basis difference inherent in our investments in our foreign subsidiaries as these amounts continue to be indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations.
As of March 31, 2018, we had $172.6 million in cash and cash equivalents, of which approximately 94.8%, or $163.7 million, was held in international operations. As a result of the 2017 Tax Reform Act, most of these funds will not be subject to additional taxes if repatriated to the United States. There are circumstances where we may be unable to repatriate some of the cash and cash equivalents held by our international operations due to country restrictions.
We expect our current cash levels and cash flows from operations to be adequate to meet our anticipated working capital needs, including investment activities such as capital expenditures and debt repayment for the next twelve months and the foreseeable future. However, from time to time, we may borrow funds under our Credit Agreement as a result of the timing of our working capital needs, including capital expenditures.
Our cash resources could also be affected by various risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to, the risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Other
As of March 31, 2018, we did not have any material commercial commitments, including guarantees or standby repurchase obligations, or any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, including entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities or variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
From time to time, during the normal course of business, we may make certain indemnities, commitments and guarantees under which we may be required to make payments in relation to certain transactions. These include, but are not limited to: (i) indemnities to clients, vendors and service providers pertaining to claims based on negligence or willful misconduct and (ii) indemnities involving breach of contract, the accuracy of representations and warranties, or other liabilities assumed by us in certain contracts. In addition, we have agreements whereby we will indemnify certain officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving at our request in such capacity. The indemnification period covers all pertinent events and occurrences during the officer’s or director’s lifetime. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, we have director and officer insurance coverage that limits our exposure and enables us to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. We believe the applicable insurance coverage is generally adequate to cover any estimated potential liability under these indemnification agreements. The majority of these indemnities, commitments and guarantees do not provide for any limitation of the maximum potential for future payments we could be obligated to make. We have not recorded any liability for these indemnities, commitments and other guarantees in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, we
 
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have some client contracts that do not contain contractual provisions for the limitation of liability and other client contracts that contain agreed upon exceptions to limitation of liability. We have not recorded any liability in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets with respect to any client contracts under which we have or may have unlimited liability.
Contractual Obligations
On January 12, 2018, we repaid $175.0 million of long-term debt outstanding under our Credit Agreement, primarily using funds repatriated from our foreign subsidiaries, resulting in a remaining outstanding debt balance of $100.0 million.
See Note 12, Commitments and Loss Contingency, to the accompanying “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for operating leases and purchase obligations entered into in the normal course of business during the three months ended March 31, 2018.
Except for the contractual obligations mentioned above, there have not been any material changes to the outstanding contractual obligations from the disclosure in our Annual Report on Form 10-K as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Critical Accounting Estimates
See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for a discussion of our critical accounting estimates.
The adoption of ASC 606 did not result in a material change to our “Recognition of Revenues” critical accounting estimate. See Note 2, Revenues, of the accompanying “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for further information on the adoption of ASC 606.
New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
See Note 1, Overview and Basis of Presentation, of the accompanying “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for information related to recent accounting pronouncements.
 Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Foreign Currency Risk
Our earnings and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in currency exchange rates. We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations when subsidiaries with functional currencies other than the U.S. Dollar (“USD”) are translated into our USD consolidated financial statements. As exchange rates vary, those results, when translated, may vary from expectations and adversely impact profitability. The cumulative translation effects for subsidiaries using functional currencies other than USD are included in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” in shareholders’ equity. Movements in non-USD currency exchange rates may negatively or positively affect our competitive position, as exchange rate changes may affect business practices and/or pricing strategies of non-U.S. based competitors.
We employ a foreign currency risk management program that periodically utilizes derivative instruments to protect against unanticipated fluctuations in certain earnings and cash flows caused by volatility in foreign currency exchange (“FX”) rates. We also utilize derivative contracts to hedge intercompany receivables and payables that are denominated in a foreign currency and to hedge net investments in foreign operations.
We serve a number of U.S.-based clients using customer engagement center capacity in The Philippines and Costa Rica, which are within our Americas segment. Although a substantial portion of the costs incurred to render services under these contracts are denominated in Philippine Pesos (“PHP”) and Costa Rican Colones (“CRC”), the contracts with these clients are priced in USDs, which represent FX exposures. Additionally, our EMEA segment services clients in Hungary and Romania with a substantial portion of the costs incurred to render services under these contracts denominated in Hungarian Forints (“HUF”) and Romanian Leis (“RON”), where the contracts are priced in Euros (“EUR”).
In order to hedge a portion of our anticipated revenues denominated in USD and EUR, we had outstanding forward contracts and options as of March 31, 2018 with counterparties through June 2019 with notional amounts totaling
 
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$223.0 million. As of March 31, 2018, we had net total derivative assets associated with these contracts with a fair value of $0.4 million. If the USD was to weaken against the PHP and CRC and the EUR was to weaken against the HUF and RON by 10% from current period-end levels, we would incur a loss of approximately $19.7 million on the underlying exposures of the derivative instruments. However, this loss would be mitigated by corresponding gains on the underlying exposures.
We had forward exchange contracts with notional amounts totaling $9.1 million that are not designated as hedges. The purpose of these derivative instruments is to protect against FX volatility pertaining to intercompany receivables and payables, and other assets and liabilities that are denominated in currencies other than our subsidiaries’ functional currencies. As of March 31, 2018, the fair value of these derivatives was a net liability of $0.2 million. The potential loss in fair value at March 31, 2018, for these contracts resulting from a hypothetical 10% adverse change in the foreign currency exchange rates is approximately $1.9 million. However, this loss would be mitigated by corresponding gains on the underlying exposures.
We had embedded derivative contracts with notional amounts totaling $14.0 million that are not designated as hedges. As of March 31, 2018, the fair value of these derivatives was a net liability of $0.4 million. The potential loss in fair value at March 31, 2018, for these contracts resulting from a hypothetical 10% adverse change in the foreign currency exchange rates is approximately $2.2 million. However, this loss would be mitigated by corresponding gains on the underlying exposures.
We evaluate the credit quality of potential counterparties to derivative transactions and only enter into contracts with those considered to have minimal credit risk. We periodically monitor changes to counterparty credit quality as well as our concentration of credit exposure to individual counterparties.
We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative trading purposes, nor do we hedge our foreign currency exposure in a manner that entirely offsets the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates. As a general rule, we do not use financial instruments to hedge local currency denominated operating expenses in countries where a natural hedge exists. For example, in many countries, revenue from the local currency services substantially offsets the local currency denominated operating expenses.
Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to interest rate risk results from variable rate debt outstanding under our revolving credit facility. We pay interest on outstanding borrowings at interest rates that fluctuate based upon changes in various base rates. As of March 31, 2018, we had $100.0 million in borrowings outstanding under the revolving credit facility. Based on our level of variable rate debt outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2018, a 1.0% increase in the weighted average interest rate, which generally equals the LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin, would have had an impact of $0.3 million on our results of operations.
We have not historically used derivative instruments to manage exposure to changes in interest rates.
Fluctuations in Quarterly Results
For the year ended December 31, 2017, quarterly revenues as a percentage of total consolidated annual revenues were approximately 24%, 24%, 26% and 26%, respectively, for each of the respective quarters of the year. We have experienced and anticipate that in the future we will experience variations in quarterly revenues. The variations are due to the timing of new contracts and renewal of existing contracts, the timing and frequency of client spending for customer engagement services, non-U.S. currency fluctuations, and the seasonal pattern of customer engagement support and fulfillment services.
 
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 Item 4.  Controls and Procedures
As of March 31, 2018, under the direction of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a – 15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in our SEC reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified by the SEC’s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. We concluded that, as of March 31, 2018, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting, except for the change discussed under “Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting” below.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Beginning January 1, 2018, we implemented ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers . Although the new revenue standard is expected to have an immaterial impact on our ongoing net income, we did implement changes to our processes related to revenue recognition and the control activities within them. These included the development of new policies based on the five-step model provided in the new revenue standard, new training, ongoing contract review requirements, and gathering of information provided for disclosures.
There were no other changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
 
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 Part II.  OTHER INFORMATION
 Item 1.  Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we are involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. With respect to these matters, we believe that we have adequate legal defenses and/or, when possible and appropriate, has provided adequate accruals related to those matters such that the ultimate outcome will not have a material adverse effect on our future financial position or results of operations.
 Item 1A.  Risk Factors
For risk factors, see Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.
 Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Below is a summary of stock repurchases for the three months ended March 31, 2018 (in thousands, except average price per share). See Note 11, Earnings Per Share, of “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for information regarding our stock repurchase program.

Period	 	Total
Number of
Shares
  Purchased  	 	 	    Average    
Price
Paid Per
Share	 	 	Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or  Programs	 	 	Maximum Number
of Shares That May
Yet Be Purchased
Under Plans or
Programs (1)	 	
January 1, 2018 - January 31, 2018	 	 	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	4,748	 	
February 1, 2018 - February 28, 2018	 	 	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	4,748	 	
March 1, 2018 - March 31, 2018	 	 	-	 	 	$	      -	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	4,748	 	
	 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total	 	 	-	 	 				 	 	        -	 	 	 	        4,748	 	
	 	 	 	 	 				 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
(1) The total number of shares approved for repurchase under the 2011 Share Repurchase Plan dated August 18, 2011, as amended on March 16, 2017, is 10.0 million. The 2011 Share Repurchase Plan has no expiration date.
 Item 3.  Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
 Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable.
 Item 5.  Other Information
None.
 
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 Item 6.  Exhibits
The following documents are filed as an exhibit to this Report:

No.	 	Description	
		
15*	 	Awareness letter.	
		
31.1*	 	Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).	
		
31.2*	 	Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).	
		
32.1**	 	Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350.	
		
32.2**	 	Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350.	
		
101.INS*+	 	XBRL Instance Document	
		
101.SCH*+	 	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document	
		
101.CAL*+	 	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document	
		
101.LAB*+	 	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document	
		
101.PRE*+	 	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document	
		
101.DEF*+	 	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document	
		
*	 	Filed herewith as an Exhibit.	
**	 	Furnished herewith as an Exhibit.	
+	 	Submitted electronically with this Quarterly Report.	
 
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 SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	 		  	SYKES ENTERPRISES, INCORPORATED	
	 	                    	  	(Registrant)	
			
Date: May 8, 2018	 		  	By: /s/ John Chapman	
	 		  	John Chapman	
	 		  	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	
	 		  	(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)	
 
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Exhibit 15
May 8, 2018
Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated
400 North Ashley Drive
Tampa, Florida
We have reviewed, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the unaudited interim financial information of Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated and subsidiaries for the periods ended March 31, 2018, and 2017, as indicated in our report dated May 8, 2018; because we did not perform an audit, we expressed no opinion on that information.
We are aware that our report referred to above, which is included in your Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018, is incorporated by reference in Registration Statement No. 333-178670 on Form S-8.
We also are aware that the aforementioned report, pursuant to Rule 436(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, is not considered a part of the Registration Statement prepared or certified by an accountant or a report prepared or certified by an accountant within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of that Act.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP	
	
Tampa, Florida	

EXHIBIT 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)
I, Charles E. Sykes, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the company and have:
 
 	(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;	
 
 	(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;	
 
 	(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and	
 
 	(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the company’s most recent fiscal quarter (the company’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and	
5. The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 8, 2018	
	
/s/ Charles E. Sykes	
 	
Charles E. Sykes, President, Chief Executive Officer and Director	

EXHIBIT 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)
I, John Chapman, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the company and have:
 
 	(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;	
 
 	(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;	
 
 	(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and	
 
 	(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the company’s most recent fiscal quarter (the company’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and	
5. The company’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the company’s auditors and the audit committee of the company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 8, 2018	
	
/s/ John Chapman	
 	
John Chapman, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	

EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2018 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Charles E. Sykes, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 8, 2018   By:	 	/s/ Charles E. Sykes	
	 	 	
	 	Charles E. Sykes	
	 	President and Chief Executive Officer and Director	
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

EXHIBIT 32.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Sykes Enterprises, Incorporated (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2018 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, John Chapman, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 8, 2018    By:	 	/s/ John Chapman	
	 	 	
	 	John Chapman	
	 	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	
	 	(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)	
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.