Accrued investment income

1,831

1,844

821

867

Insurance and reinsurance balances receivable, net of valuation allowance - $46 and $44

11,322

10,480

Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses, net of valuation allowance - $329 and $314

^[1]

17,366

15,592

Reinsurance recoverable on policy benefits

213

206

Deferred policy acquisition costs

5,513

5,402

Value of business acquired

236

263

Goodwill

15,213

15,400

Other intangible assets

5,455

5,811

Prepaid reinsurance premiums

3,028

2,769

Investments in partially-owned insurance companies

3,130

2,813

Other assets

11,792

8,822

Total assets

200,054

190,774

Liabilities

Unpaid losses and loss expenses

72,943

67,811

Unearned premiums

19,101

17,652

Future policy benefits

5,947

5,713

Insurance and reinsurance balances payable

7,243

6,708

Securities lending payable

1,831

1,844

Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities

15,004

14,052

Deferred tax liabilities

389

892

Repurchase agreements

1,406

1,405

Short-term debt

999

0

Long-term debt

15,169

14,948

Trust preferred securities

308

Total liabilities

140,340

131,333

Commitments and contingencies (refer to Note 10)

Shareholders' equity

Common Shares (CHF 24.15 par value; 474,021,114 and 477,605,264 shares issued; 426,572,612 and 450,732,625 shares outstanding)

10,985

11,064

Common Shares in treasury (47,448,502 and 26,872,639 shares)

(7,464)

(3,644)

Additional paid-in capital

8,478

9,815

Retained earnings

47,365

39,337

Accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI)

350

2,869

Total shareholders’ equity

59,714

59,441

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

$ 200,054

$ 190,774

[1]	Net of valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance.

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) shares
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss	$ 14	$ 20
Fixed maturities available for sale, at amortized cost	90,493	85,188
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss	35	44
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	10,647	12,510
short-term investments amortized cost	3,147	4,349
Premium Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss	46	44
Valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance	$ 329	$ 314
Common Shares, shares issued \| shares	474,021,114	477,605,264
Common Shares, shares outstanding \| shares	426,572,612	450,732,625
Treasury Stock, Shares \| shares	47,448,502	26,872,639

Consolidated Statements Of Operations and Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Revenues
Net premiums written	$ 37,868	$ 33,820	$ 32,275
Increase in unearned premiums	(1,513)	(703)	(985)
Net premiums earned	36,355	33,117	31,290
Net investment income	3,456	3,375	3,426
Net realized gains (losses):
Other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses gross			(90)
Portion of OTTI losses recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI)	0		32
Net OTTI losses recognized in income			(58)
Net realized gains (losses) excluding OTTI losses	1,152	(498)	(472)
Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)	1,152	(498)	(530)
Total revenues	40,963	35,994	34,186
Expenses
Losses and loss expenses	21,980	21,710	18,730
Policy benefits	699	784	740
Policy acquisition costs	6,918	6,547	6,153
Administrative expenses	3,136	2,979	3,030
Interest expense	492	516	552
Other (income) expense	(2,365)	(994)	(596)
Amortization of purchased intangibles	287	290	305
Chubb integration expenses	0	0	23
Total expenses	31,147	31,832	28,937
Income before income tax	9,816	4,162	5,249
Income tax expense (includes benefit of $(6), $(36), and nil on unrealized gains and losses reclassified from AOCI)	1,277	629	795
Net income	8,539	3,533	4,454
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation)	(2,935)	2,311	3,704
Reclassification adjustment for net realized (gains) losses included in net income	(3)	281	31
Other comprehensive income (loss) after reclassification for net realized gains included in net income	(2,938)	2,592	3,735
Change in:
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment	(530)	306	13
Postretirement benefit liability adjustment	522	(232)	(76)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before income tax	(2,946)	2,666	3,672
Income tax (expense) benefit related to OCI items	427	(416)	(605)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(2,519)	2,250	3,067
Comprehensive income	$ 6,020	$ 5,783	$ 7,521
Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share	$ 19.41	$ 7.82	$ 9.77
Diluted earnings per share	$ 19.27	$ 7.79	$ 9.71

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Other comprehensive income (loss), reclassification adjustment from AOCI for sale of securities, tax	$ 6	$ 36	$ 0
Total net realized gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI	$ (3)	$ 281	$ 31

Consolidated Statements Of Shareholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Common Shares	Common Shares in Treasury	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings	Retained Earnings Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Retained Earnings Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance [Member]	AOCI, Accumulated Gain (Loss), Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Parent [Member]	Cumulative Translation Adjustment	Accumulated Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance – beginning of year at Dec. 31, 2018		$ 11,121	$ (2,618)	$ 12,557	$ 31,700	$ (12)	$ 31,688	$ (545)	$ (1,976)	$ 73
Treasury Stock, Retired, Cost Method, Amount		0	0		0
Common Shares repurchased			(1,531)
Net shares redeemed under employee share-based compensation plans			395	(178)
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Stock Options Exercised				(82)
Share-based compensation expense				266
FundingDividendsDeclaredToRetainedEarnings				(1,360)
Net income	$ 4,454				4,454
Funding Dividends Declared From Additional Paid In Capital					1,360
Dividends declared on Common Shares					(1,360)
Change in year, before reclassification from AOCI, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $527, $(426), and $(647)								3,057
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax (expense) of $(6), $(36), and nil								31
Change in year, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $521, $(462), and $(647)								3,088
Change in year, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $21, $(4), and $24									37
Change in year, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $(115), $50, and $18										(58)
Balance – Ending of year at Dec. 31, 2019	55,331	11,121	(3,754)	11,203	36,142	(72)	36,070	2,543	(1,939)	15	$ 619
Treasury Stock, Retired, Cost Method, Amount		(57)	323		(266)
Common Shares repurchased			(516)
Net shares redeemed under employee share-based compensation plans			303	(195)
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Stock Options Exercised				(50)
Share-based compensation expense				255
FundingDividendsDeclaredToRetainedEarnings				(1,398)
Net income	3,533				3,533
Funding Dividends Declared From Additional Paid In Capital					1,398
Dividends declared on Common Shares					(1,398)
Change in year, before reclassification from AOCI, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $527, $(426), and $(647)								1,885
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax (expense) of $(6), $(36), and nil								245
Change in year, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $521, $(462), and $(647)								2,130
Change in year, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $21, $(4), and $24									302
Change in year, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $(115), $50, and $18										(182)
Balance – Ending of year at Dec. 31, 2020	59,441	11,064	(3,644)	9,815	39,337	$ 0	$ 39,337	4,673	(1,637)	(167)	2,869
Treasury Stock, Retired, Cost Method, Amount		(79)	590		(511)
Common Shares repurchased			(4,861)
Net shares redeemed under employee share-based compensation plans			451	(179)
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Stock Options Exercised				(52)
Share-based compensation expense				286
FundingDividendsDeclaredToRetainedEarnings				(1,392)
Net income	8,539				8,539
Funding Dividends Declared From Additional Paid In Capital					1,392
Dividends declared on Common Shares					(1,392)
Change in year, before reclassification from AOCI, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $527, $(426), and $(647)								(2,408)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax (expense) of $(6), $(36), and nil								(9)
Change in year, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $521, $(462), and $(647)								(2,417)
Change in year, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $21, $(4), and $24									(509)
Change in year, net of income tax (expense) benefit of $(115), $50, and $18										407
Balance – Ending of year at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 59,714	$ 10,985	$ (7,464)	$ 8,478	$ 47,365			$ 2,256	$ (2,146)	$ 240	$ 350

Statement of Shareholders' Equity (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Available-for-sale Securities, before Reclassification Adjustments, Tax	$ 527	$ (426)	$ (647)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Reclassification Adjustment from AOCI for Sale of Securities, Tax	(6)	(36)	0
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Securities, Available-for-sale, Tax	521	(462)	(647)
Cumulative translation adjustment, Change in year, income tax(expense) benefit	21	(4)	24
Pension liability adjustment, Change in year, income tax (expense) benefit	$ (115)	$ 50	$ 18

Consolidated Statements Of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Cash flows from operating activities

Net income

$ 8,539

$ 3,533

$ 4,454

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities

Net Realized Gains Losses

(1,152)

498

530

Accretion (Amortization) of Discounts and Premiums, Investments

332

367

395

Amortization of purchased intangibles

287

290

305

Deferred income taxes

(74)

(333)

(97)

Unpaid losses and loss expenses

5,791

4,664

(257)

Unearned premiums

1,857

846

1,051

Future policy benefits

239

236

215

Insurance and reinsurance balances payable

582

535

(302)

Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities

536

(98)

(207)

Income taxes payable

48

46

(7)

Insurance and reinsurance balances receivable

(984)

(114)

(270)

Reinsurance recoverable

(1,953)

(336)

838

Deferred policy acquisition costs

(247)

(89)

(344)

Equity in net income of subsidiaries and affiliates

^[1]

(2,433)

(1,019)

(617)

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities, Total

(219)

759

655

11,149

9,785

6,342

Cash flows from investing activities

Purchases of fixed maturities available for sale

(30,222)

(26,298)

(25,846)

Purchases of fixed maturities held to maturity

(594)

(202)

(229)

Purchases of equity securities

(1,167)

(6,419)

(531)

Sales of fixed maturities available for sale

6,596

11,377

13,110

Sales of to be announced mortgage-backed securities

0

6

Sales of equity securities

1,018

3,880

611

Maturities and redemptions of fixed maturities available for sale

17,361

12,450

9,039

Maturities and redemptions of fixed maturities held to maturity

1,964

995

946

Net change in short-term investments

1,175

(81)

(1,117)

Net derivative instruments settlements

(219)

(113)

(703)

Private equity contributions

(2,471)

(1,924)

(1,315)

Private equity distributions

1,421

907

1,390

Acquisition of subsidiaries (net of cash acquired of nil, $45, and nil)

0

(29)

Payment, including deposit, for Huatai Group Interest

(1,184)

(1,623)

(580)

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities

(337)

(470)

(657)

(6,659)

(7,521)

(5,905)

Cash flows from financing activities

Dividends paid on Common Shares

(1,401)

(1,388)

(1,354)

Common Shares repurchased

(4,861)

(523)

(1,530)

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt

1,576

988

2,828

Proceeds from issuance of repurchase agreements

1,858

2,354

2,817

Repayments of Long-term Debt

0

(1,301)

(510)

Repayment of repurchase agreements

(1,858)

(2,354)

(2,817)

Proceeds from share-based compensation plans

300

145

204

Policyholder contract deposits

512

470

514

Policyholder contract withdrawals

(454)

(386)

(303)

Net cash flows (used for) from financing activities

(81)

(87)

0

(4,409)

(2,082)

(151)

Effect of foreign currency rate changes on cash and restricted cash

(106)

8

20

Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Including Exchange Rate Effect

(25)

190

306

Cash and restricted cash - beginning of year

1,836

1,646

1,340

Cash and restricted cash - end of year

1,811

1,836

1,646

Supplemental cash flow information

Taxes paid

1,298

902

912

Interest paid

$ 492

$ 524

$ 512

[1]	Equity in net income of partially-owned entities includes $233 million, $167 million, and $74 million attributable to our investments in Huatai (Huatai Group, Huatai P&C, and Huatai Life) for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

Statement of Cash Flows (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]
Cash Acquired from Acquisition	$ 0	$ 0	$ 45

Summary of significant accounting policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Summary of significant accounting policies

a) Basis of presentation

Chubb Limited is a holding company incorporated in Zurich, Switzerland. Chubb Limited, through its subsidiaries, provides a broad range of insurance and reinsurance products to insureds worldwide. Our results are reported through the following business segments: North America Commercial P&C Insurance, North America Personal P&C Insurance, North America Agricultural Insurance, Overseas General Insurance, Global Reinsurance, and Life Insurance. Refer to Note 15 for additional information.

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements, which include the accounts of Chubb Limited and its subsidiaries (collectively, Chubb, we, us, or our), have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the results and financial position for such periods. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions, including internal reinsurance transactions, have been eliminated.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Amounts included in the Consolidated Financial Statements reflect our best estimates and assumptions; actual amounts could differ materially from these estimates. Chubb's principal estimates include:

•unpaid loss and loss expense reserves, including long-tail asbestos and environmental (A&E) reserves and non-A&E casualty exposures;

•future policy benefits reserves;

•amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and value of business acquired (VOBA);

•reinsurance recoverable, including a valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance;

•the assessment of risk transfer for certain structured insurance and reinsurance contracts;

•the valuation of the investment portfolio and assessment of valuation allowance for expected credit losses;

•the valuation of deferred income taxes;

•the valuation and amortization of purchased intangibles; and

•the assessment of goodwill for impairment.

b) Premiums

Premiums are generally recorded as written upon inception of the policy. For multi-year policies for which premiums written are payable in annual installments, only the current annual premium is included as written at policy inception due to the ability of the insured/reinsured to commute or cancel coverage within the policy term. The remaining annual premiums are recorded as written at each successive anniversary date within the multi-year term.

For property and casualty (P&C) insurance and reinsurance products, premiums written are primarily earned on a pro-rata basis over the policy terms to which they relate. Unearned premiums represent the portion of premiums written applicable to the unexpired portion of the policies in force. For retrospectively-rated policies, written premiums are adjusted to reflect expected ultimate premiums consistent with changes to incurred losses, or other measures of exposure as stated in the policy, and earned over the policy coverage period.

Mandatory reinstatement premiums assessed on reinsurance policies are earned in the period of the loss event that gave rise to the reinstatement premiums. All remaining unearned premiums are recognized over the remaining coverage period.

Premiums from long-duration contracts such as certain traditional term life, whole life, endowment, and long-duration personal accident and health (A&H) policies are generally recognized as revenue when due from policyholders. Traditional life policies include those contracts with fixed and guaranteed premiums and benefits. Benefits and expenses are matched with income to result in the recognition of profit over the life of the contracts.

Retroactive loss portfolio transfer (LPT) contracts in which the insured loss events occurred prior to contract inception are evaluated to determine whether they meet criteria for reinsurance accounting. If reinsurance accounting is appropriate, written premiums are fully earned and corresponding losses and loss expenses recognized at contract inception. These contracts can cause significant variances in gross premiums written, net premiums written, net premiums earned, and net incurred losses in the years in which they are written. Reinsurance contracts sold not meeting the criteria for reinsurance accounting are recorded using the deposit method as described below in Note 1 k).

Reinsurance premiums assumed are based on information provided by ceding companies supplemented by our own estimates of premium when we have not received ceding company reports. Estimates are reviewed and adjustments are recorded in the period in which they are determined. Premiums are earned over the coverage terms of the related reinsurance contracts and range from one to three years.

c) Deferred policy acquisition costs and value of business acquired

Policy acquisition costs consist of commissions (direct and ceded), premium taxes, and certain underwriting costs related directly to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts. A VOBA intangible asset is established upon the acquisition of blocks of long-duration contracts in a business combination and represents the present value of estimated net cash flows for the contracts in force at the acquisition date. Acquisition costs and VOBA, collectively policy acquisition costs, are deferred and amortized. Amortization is recorded in Policy acquisition costs in the Consolidated statements of operations. Policy acquisition costs on P&C contracts are generally amortized ratably over the period in which premiums are earned. Policy acquisition costs on traditional long-duration contracts are amortized over the estimated life of the contracts, generally in proportion to premium revenue recognized based upon the same assumptions used in estimating the liability for future policy benefits. For non-traditional long-duration contracts, we amortize policy acquisition costs over the expected life of the contracts in proportion to expected gross profits. The effect of changes in estimates of expected gross profits is reflected in the period the estimates are revised. Policy acquisition costs are reviewed to determine if they are recoverable from future income, including investment income. Unrecoverable policy acquisition costs are expensed in the period identified.

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred except for direct-response campaigns that qualify for cost deferral, principally related to long-duration A&H business produced by the Overseas General Insurance segment, which are deferred and recognized as a component of Policy acquisition costs. For individual direct-response marketing campaigns that we can demonstrate have specifically resulted in incremental sales to customers and such sales have probable future economic benefits, incremental costs directly related to the marketing campaigns are capitalized as Deferred policy acquisition costs. Deferred policy acquisition costs, including deferred marketing costs, are reviewed regularly for recoverability from future income, including investment income, and amortized in proportion to premium revenue recognized, primarily over a ten-year period, the expected economic future benefit period based upon the same assumptions used in estimating the liability for future policy benefits. The expected future benefit period is evaluated periodically based on historical results and adjusted prospectively. The amount of deferred marketing costs reported in Deferred policy acquisition costs in the Consolidated balance sheets was $189 million and $226 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Amortization expense for deferred marketing costs was $85 million, $99 million, and $109 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

d) Reinsurance

Chubb assumes and cedes reinsurance with other insurance companies to provide greater diversification of business and minimize the net loss potential arising from large risks. Ceded reinsurance contracts do not relieve Chubb of its primary obligation to policyholders.

For both ceded and assumed reinsurance, risk transfer requirements must be met in order to account for a contract as reinsurance, principally resulting in the recognition of cash flows under the contract as premiums and losses. To meet risk transfer requirements, a reinsurance contract must include insurance risk, consisting of both underwriting and timing risk, and a reasonable possibility of a significant loss for the assuming entity. To assess risk transfer for certain contracts, Chubb generally develops expected discounted cash flow analyses at contract inception. Deposit accounting is used for contracts that do not meet risk transfer requirements. Deposit accounting requires that consideration received or paid be recorded in the balance sheet as opposed to recording premiums written or losses incurred in the statement of operations. Non-refundable fees on deposit contracts are earned based on the terms of the contract described below in Note 1 k).

Reinsurance recoverable includes balances due from reinsurance companies for paid and unpaid losses and loss expenses and future policy benefits that will be recovered from reinsurers, based on contracts in force. The method for determining the reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses and loss expenses incurred but not reported (IBNR) involves actuarial estimates

consistent with those used to establish the associated liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses as well as a determination of Chubb's ability to cede unpaid losses and loss expenses under the terms of the reinsurance agreement.

Reinsurance recoverable is presented net of a valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance determined based upon a review of the financial condition of reinsurers and other factors. The valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance is based on an estimate of the reinsurance recoverable balance that will ultimately be unrecoverable due to reinsurer insolvency, a contractual dispute, or any other reason. The valuation of this allowance includes several judgments including certain aspects of the allocation of reinsurance recoverable on IBNR claims by reinsurer and a default analysis to estimate uncollectible reinsurance. The primary components of the default analysis are reinsurance recoverable balances by reinsurer, net of collateral, and default factors used to determine the portion of a reinsurer's balance deemed uncollectible. The definition of collateral for this purpose requires some judgment and is generally limited to assets held in a Chubb-only beneficiary trust, letters of credit, and liabilities held with the same legal entity for which Chubb believes there is a contractual right of offset. The determination of the default factor is principally based on the financial strength rating of the reinsurer. Default factors require considerable judgment and are determined using the current financial strength rating, or rating equivalent, of each reinsurer as well as other key considerations and assumptions. Changes in the valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance recoverables are recorded in Losses and loss expenses in the Consolidated statements of operations. The more significant considerations to calculate the valuation allowance include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following:

•For reinsurers that maintain a financial strength rating from a major rating agency, and for which recoverable balances are considered representative of the larger population (i.e., default probabilities are consistent with similarly rated reinsurers and payment durations conform to averages), the financial rating is based on a published source and the default factor is based on published default statistics of a major rating agency applicable to the reinsurer's particular rating class. When a recoverable is expected to be paid in a brief period of time by a highly rated reinsurer, such as certain property catastrophe claims, a default factor may not be applied;

•For balances recoverable from reinsurers that are both unrated by a major rating agency and for which management is unable to determine a credible rating equivalent based on a parent, affiliate, or peer company, we determine a rating equivalent based on an analysis of the reinsurer that considers an assessment of the creditworthiness of the particular entity, industry benchmarks, or other factors as considered appropriate. We then apply the applicable default factor for that rating class. For balances recoverable from unrated reinsurers for which the ceded reserve is below a certain threshold, we generally apply a default factor of 34 percent, consistent with published statistics of a major rating agency;

•For balances recoverable from reinsurers that are either insolvent or under regulatory supervision, we establish a default factor and resulting valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance based on reinsurer-specific facts and circumstances. Upon initial notification of an insolvency, we generally recognize an expense for a substantial portion of all balances outstanding, net of collateral, through a combination of write-offs of recoverable balances and increases to the valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance. When regulatory action is taken on a reinsurer, we generally recognize a default factor by estimating an expected recovery on all balances outstanding, net of collateral. When sufficient credible information becomes available, we adjust the valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance by establishing a default factor pursuant to information received; and

•For other recoverables, management determines the valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance based on the specific facts and circumstances.

The methods used to determine the reinsurance recoverable balance and related valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance are regularly reviewed and updated, and any resulting adjustments are reflected in earnings in the period identified.

The methods used to determine the valuation allowance for uncollectible high deductible recoverable amounts and valuation allowance for insurance and reinsurance balances receivable are similar to the processes used to determine the valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance recoverable. For information on high deductible policies, refer to section h) Unpaid losses and loss expenses, below.

Prepaid reinsurance premiums represent the portion of premiums ceded to reinsurers applicable to the unexpired coverage terms of the reinsurance contracts in-force.

The value of reinsurance business assumed is the deferred gain or loss related to loss portfolio transfers assumed and is calculated as the difference between the estimated ultimate value of the liabilities assumed under retroactive reinsurance contracts over consideration received. The gain or loss is amortized and recorded to Losses and loss expenses based on the payment pattern of the losses assumed. The unamortized value is reviewed regularly to determine if it is recoverable based upon

the terms of the contract, estimated losses and loss expenses, and anticipated investment income. Unrecoverable amounts are expensed in the period identified. The value of reinsurance business assumed at December 31, 2021 and 2020 were immaterial.

e) Investments

Fixed maturities, equity securities, and short-term investments

Fixed maturities are classified as either available for sale or held to maturity.

•Available for sale (AFS) portfolio is reported at fair value, net of a valuation allowance for credit losses, with changes in fair value recorded as a separate component of AOCI in Shareholders' equity.

•Held to maturity (HTM) portfolio includes securities for which we have the ability and intent to hold to maturity or redemption and is reported at amortized cost, net of a valuation allowance for credit losses.

Equity securities are reported at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in Net realized gains (losses) on the Consolidated statements of operations.

Realized gains or losses on sales of investments are determined on a first-in, first-out basis.

Short-term investments comprise securities due to mature within one year of the date of purchase and are recorded at fair value which typically approximates cost.

Interest, dividend income, and amortization of fixed maturity market premiums and discounts, related to these securities are recorded in Net investment income, net of investment management and custody fees, in the Consolidated statements of operations.

In addition, net investment income includes the amortization of the fair value adjustment related to the acquired invested assets of The Chubb Corporation (Chubb Corp). At December 31, 2021, the remaining balance of this fair value adjustment was $127 million which is expected to amortize over the next two years; however, the estimate could vary based on current market conditions, bond calls, and the duration of the acquired investment portfolio. In addition, sales of these acquired fixed maturities would also reduce the fair value adjustment balance. For mortgage-backed securities and any other holdings for which there is a prepayment risk, prepayment assumptions are evaluated and revised as necessary. Any adjustments required due to the resultant change in effective yields and maturities are recognized prospectively. Prepayment fees or call premiums that are only payable when a security is called prior to its maturity are earned when received and reflected in Net investment income.

Valuation allowance for fixed income securities

Management evaluates current expected credit losses (CECL) for all HTM securities each quarter. U.S. treasury and agency securities and U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities are assumed to have no risk of non-payment and therefore are excluded from the CECL evaluation. The remaining HTM securities are evaluated for potential credit loss on a collective pool basis. We elected to pool HTM securities by 1) external credit rating and 2) time to maturity (duration). These characteristics are the most representative of similar risk characteristics within our portfolio. Chubb pools HTM securities and calculates an expected credit loss for each pool using Moody’s corporate bond default average, corporate bond recovery rate, and an economic cycle multiplier. The multiplier is based on the leading economic index and will adjust the average default frequency for a forward-looking economic outlook. Management monitors the credit quality of HTM securities through the review of external credit ratings on a quarterly basis.

Management evaluates expected credit losses (ECL) for AFS securities when fair value is below amortized cost. AFS securities are evaluated for potential credit loss on an individual security level but the evaluation may use assumptions consistent with expectations of credit losses for a group of similar securities. If management has the intent to sell or will be required to sell the security before recovery, the entire impairment loss will be recorded through income to Net realized gains and losses. If management does not have the intent to sell or will not be required to sell the security before recovery, an allowance for credit losses is established and is recorded through income to Net realized gains and losses, and the non-credit loss portion is recorded through other comprehensive income.

Examples of criteria that are collectively evaluated to determine if a credit loss has occurred include the following:

•The extent to which the fair value is less than amortized cost;

•Adverse conditions related to the security, industry, or geographic area;

•Downgrades in the security's credit rating by a rating agency; and

•Failure of the issuer to make scheduled principal or interest payments

AFS securities that meet any one of the criteria included above will be subject to a discounted cash flow analysis by comparing the present value of expected future cash flows with the amortized cost basis. Projected cash flows are driven primarily by assumptions regarding probability of default and the timing and amount of recoveries associated with defaults. Chubb developed the projected cash flows using market data, issuer-specific information, and credit ratings. In combination with contractual cash flows and the use of historical default and recovery data by Moody's Investors Service (Moody's) rating category we generate expected cash flows using the average cumulative issuer-weighted global default rates by letter rating.

If the present value of expected future cash flows is less than the amortized cost, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses will be recognized. If the present value of expected future cash flows is equal to or greater than the amortized cost basis, management will conclude an expected credit loss does not exist.

Management reviews credit losses and the valuation allowance for expected credit losses each quarter. When all or a portion of a fixed maturity security is identified to be uncollectible and written off, the valuation allowance for expected credit losses is reduced. In general, a security is considered uncollectible no later than when all efforts to collect contractual cash flows have been exhausted. Below are considerations for when a security may be deemed uncollectible:

•We have sufficient information to determine that the issuer of the security is insolvent;

•We receive notice that the issuer of the security has filed for bankruptcy, and the collectability is expected to be adversely impacted by the bankruptcy;

•The issuer of a security has violated multiple debt covenants;

•Amounts have been past due for a specified period of time with no response from the issuer;

•A significant deterioration in the value of the collateral has occurred;

•We have received correspondence from the issuer of the security indicating that it doesn’t intend to pay the contractual principal and interest.

We elected to not measure an allowance for accrued investment income as uncollectible balances are written off in a timely manner, typically 30 to 45 days after uncollected balances are due.

Prior to January 1, 2020, fixed income securities were evaluated individually for other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) and a realized loss was recognized once certain criteria were met.

Other investments

Other investments principally comprise investment funds, limited partnerships, partially-owned investment companies, life insurance policies, policy loans, and non-qualified separate account assets.

Investment funds and limited partnerships

Investment funds, limited partnerships, and all other investments over which Chubb cannot exercise significant influence are accounted for as follows. Generally, we own less than three percent of the investee’s shares.

•Income and expenses from these funds are reported within Net investment income.

•These funds are carried at net asset value, which approximates fair value with changes in fair value recorded in Net realized gains (losses) on the Consolidated statements of operations. Refer to Note 4 for a further discussion on net asset value.

•As a result of the timing of the receipt of valuation data from the investment managers, these investments are generally reported on a three-month lag.

•Sales of these investments are reported within Net realized gains (losses).

Partially-owned investment companies

Partially-owned investment companies are limited partnerships where our ownership interest is in excess of three percent are accounted for under the equity method because Chubb exerts significant influence. These investments apply investment company accounting to determine operating results, and Chubb retains the investment company accounting in applying the equity method.

•This means that investment income, realized gains or losses, and unrealized gains or losses are included in the portion of equity earnings reflected in Other (income) expense.

•As a result of the timing of the receipt of valuation data from the investment managers, these investments are generally reported on a three-month lag.

Other

•Policy loans are carried at outstanding balance and interest income is reflected in Net investment income.

•Life insurance policies are carried at policy cash surrender value and income is reflected in Other (income) expense.

•Non-qualified separate account assets are supported by assets that do not qualify for separate accounting reporting under GAAP. The underlying securities are recorded on a trade date basis and carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on non-qualified separate account assets are reflected in Other (income) expense.

Investments in partially-owned insurance companies

Investments in partially-owned insurance companies primarily represent direct investments in which Chubb has significant influence and as such, meet the requirements for equity accounting. Generally, we own twenty percent or more of the investee’s shares. We report our share of the net income or loss of the partially-owned insurance companies in Other (income) expense.

Derivative instruments

Chubb recognizes all derivatives at fair value in the Consolidated balance sheets in either Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities or Other assets. Changes in fair value are included in Net realized gains (losses) in the Consolidated statements of operations. We did not designate any derivatives as accounting hedges. We participate in derivative instruments in two principal ways:

(i) To sell protection to customers as an insurance or reinsurance contract that meets the definition of a derivative for accounting purposes. This category principally comprised our GLB contracts; and

(ii) To mitigate financial risks and manage certain investment portfolio risks and exposures, including assets and liabilities held in foreign currencies. We use derivative instruments including futures, options, swaps, and foreign currency forward contracts. Refer to Note 10 for additional information.

Securities lending program

Chubb participates in a securities lending program operated by a third-party banking institution whereby certain assets are loaned to qualified borrowers and from which we earn an incremental return which is recorded within Net investment income in the Consolidated statements of operations.

Borrowers provide collateral, in the form of either cash or approved securities, at a minimum of 102 percent of the fair value of the loaned securities. Each security loan is deemed to be an overnight transaction. Cash collateral is invested in a collateral pool which is managed by the banking institution. The collateral pool is subject to written investment guidelines with key objectives which include the safeguard of principal and adequate liquidity to meet anticipated redemptions. The fair value of the loaned securities is monitored on a daily basis, with additional collateral obtained or refunded as the fair value of the loaned securities changes. The collateral is held by the third-party banking institution, and the collateral can only be accessed in the event that the institution borrowing the securities is in default under the lending agreement. As a result of these restrictions, we consider our securities lending activities to be non-cash investing and financing activities. An indemnification agreement with the lending agent protects us in the event a borrower becomes insolvent or fails to return any of the securities on loan.

The fair value of the securities on loan is included in fixed maturities and equity securities in the Consolidated balance sheets. The securities lending collateral is reported as a separate line in the Consolidated balance sheets with a related liability reflecting our obligation to return the collateral plus interest.

Repurchase agreements

Similar to securities lending arrangements, securities sold under repurchase agreements, whereby Chubb sells securities and repurchases them at a future date for a predetermined price, are accounted for as collateralized investments and borrowings and are recorded at the contractual repurchase amounts plus accrued interest. Assets to be repurchased are the same or substantially the same as the assets transferred, and the transferor, through right of substitution, maintains the right and ability to redeem the collateral on short notice. The fair value of the underlying securities is included in fixed maturities and equity securities. In contrast to securities lending programs, the use of cash received is not restricted. We report the obligation to return the cash as Repurchase agreements in the Consolidated balance sheets and record the fees under these repurchase agreements within Interest expense on the Consolidated statements of operations.

Refer to Note 4 for a discussion on the determination of fair value for Chubb's various investment securities.

f) Cash

We have agreements with a third-party bank provider which implemented two international multi-currency notional cash pooling programs. In each program, participating Chubb entities establish deposit accounts in different currencies with the bank provider and each day the credit or debit balances in every account are notionally translated into a single currency (U.S. dollars) and then notionally pooled. The bank extends overdraft credit to any participating Chubb entity as needed, provided that the overall notionally-pooled balance of all accounts in each pool at the end of each day is at least zero. Actual cash balances are not physically converted and are not commingled between legal entities. Any overdraft balances incurred under this program by a Chubb entity would be guaranteed by Chubb Limited (up to $300 million in the aggregate). Our syndicated letter of credit facility allows for same day drawings to fund a net pool overdraft should participating Chubb entities overdraw contributed funds from the pool.

Restricted cash

Restricted cash in the Consolidated balance sheets represents amounts held for the benefit of third parties and is legally or contractually restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Amounts include deposits with U.S. and non-U.S. regulatory authorities, trust funds set up for the benefit of ceding companies, and amounts pledged as collateral to meet financing arrangements.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and restricted cash reported within the Consolidated balance sheets that total to the amounts shown in the Consolidated statements of cash flows:


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Cash	$	1,659	$	1,747	$	1,537
Restricted cash	152		89		109
Total cash and restricted cash shown in the Consolidated statements of cash flows	$	1,811	$	1,836	$	1,646

g) Goodwill and Other intangible assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of acquisitions over the fair value of net assets acquired and is not amortized. Goodwill is assigned at acquisition to the applicable reporting unit of the acquired entities giving rise to the goodwill. Goodwill impairment tests are performed annually or more frequently if circumstances indicate a possible impairment. For goodwill impairment testing, we use a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not (i.e., more than a 50 percent probability) that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount. If our assessment indicates less than a 50 percent probability that fair value exceeds carrying value, we quantitatively estimate a reporting unit's fair value. Goodwill recorded in connection with investments in partially-owned insurance companies is recorded in Investments in partially-owned insurance companies and is also measured for impairment annually.

Indefinite lived intangible assets are not subject to amortization. Finite lived intangible assets are amortized over their useful lives, generally with an average original useful life of 25 years. Intangible assets are regularly reviewed for indicators of impairment. Impairment is recognized if the carrying amount is not recoverable from its undiscounted cash flows and is measured as the difference between the carrying amount and fair value.

h) Unpaid losses and loss expenses

A liability is established for the estimated unpaid losses and loss expenses under the terms of, and with respect to, Chubb's policies and agreements. Similar to premiums that are recognized as revenues over the coverage period of the policy, a liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses is recognized as expense when insured events occur over the coverage period of the policy.

This liability includes a provision for both reported claims (case reserves) and incurred but not reported claims (IBNR reserves). IBNR reserve estimates are generally calculated by first projecting the ultimate cost of all losses that have occurred (expected losses), and then subtracting paid losses, case reserves, and loss expenses. The methods of determining such estimates and establishing the resulting liability are reviewed regularly and any adjustments are reflected in income in the period in which they become known. Future developments may result in losses and loss expenses materially greater or less than recorded amounts.

Except for net unpaid loss and loss expense reserves for certain structured settlements for which the timing and amount of future claim payments are reliably determinable and certain reserves for unsettled claims, Chubb does not discount its P&C loss reserves. The net undiscounted reserves related to structured settlements and certain reserves for unsettled claims are immaterial.

Included in Unpaid losses and loss expenses are liabilities for A&E claims and expenses. These unpaid losses and loss expenses are principally related to claims arising from remediation costs associated with hazardous waste sites and bodily-injury claims related to asbestos products and environmental hazards. The estimation of these liabilities is particularly sensitive to changes in the legal environment including specific settlements that may be used as precedents to settle future claims. However, Chubb does not anticipate future changes in laws and regulations in setting its A&E reserve levels.

Also included in Unpaid losses and loss expenses is the fair value adjustment of $90 million and $110 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, related to Chubb Corp’s historical unpaid losses and loss expenses. The estimated fair value consists of the present value of the expected net unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense payments adjusted for an estimated risk margin. The estimated cash flows are discounted at a risk free rate. The estimated risk margin varies based on the inherent risks associated with each type of reserve. The fair value is amortized through Amortization of purchased intangibles on the Consolidated statements of operations through the year 2032, based on the estimated payout patterns of unpaid loss and loss expenses at the acquisition date.

Our loss reserves are presented net of contractual deductible recoverable amounts due from policyholders. Under the terms of certain high deductible policies which we offer, such as workers’ compensation and general liability, our customers are responsible to reimburse us for an agreed-upon dollar amount per claim. In nearly all cases we are required under such policies to pay covered claims first, and then seek reimbursement for amounts within the applicable deductible from our customers. We generally seek to mitigate this risk through collateral agreements.

Prior period development arises from changes to loss estimates recognized in the current year that relate to loss reserves first reported in previous calendar years and excludes the effect of losses from the development of earned premiums from previous accident years.

For purposes of analysis and disclosure, management views prior period development to be changes in the nominal value of loss estimates from period to period, net of premium and profit commission adjustments on loss sensitive contracts. Prior period development generally excludes changes in loss estimates that do not arise from the emergence of claims, such as those related to uncollectible reinsurance, interest, unallocated loss adjustment expenses, or foreign currency. Accordingly, specific items excluded from prior period development include the following: gains/losses related to foreign currency remeasurement; losses recognized from the early termination or commutation of reinsurance agreements that principally relate to the time value of money; changes in the value of reinsurance business assumed reflected in losses incurred but principally related to the time value of money; and losses that arise from changes in estimates of earned premiums from prior accident years. Except for foreign currency remeasurement, which is included in Net realized gains (losses), these items are included in current year losses.

i) Future policy benefits

The valuation of long-duration contract reserves requires management to make estimates and assumptions regarding expenses, mortality, persistency, and investment yields. Estimates are primarily based on historical experience and include a margin for adverse deviation. Interest rates used in calculating reserves range from less than 1.0 percent to 9.0 percent at both December 31, 2021 and 2020. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Management monitors actual experience and where circumstances warrant, will revise assumptions and the related reserve estimates. Revisions are recorded in the period they are determined.

Certain of our long-duration contracts are supported by assets that do not qualify for separate account reporting under GAAP. These assets are classified as non-qualified separate account assets and reported in Other investments and the offsetting liabilities are reported in Future policy benefits in the Consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of separate account

assets that do not qualify for separate account reporting under GAAP are reported in Other income (expense) and the offsetting movements in the liabilities are included in Policy benefits in the Consolidated statements of operations.

j) Assumed reinsurance programs involving minimum benefit guarantees under variable annuity contracts

Chubb reinsures various death and living benefit guarantees associated with variable annuities issued primarily in the United States. We generally receive a monthly premium during the accumulation phase of the covered annuities (in-force) based on a percentage of either the underlying accumulated account values or the underlying accumulated guaranteed values. Depending on an annuitant's age, the accumulation phase can last many years. To limit our exposure under these programs, all reinsurance treaties include annual or aggregate claim limits and many include an aggregate deductible.

The guarantees which are payable on death, referred to as guaranteed minimum death benefits (GMDB), principally cover shortfalls between accumulated account value at the time of an annuitant's death and either i) an annuitant's total deposits; ii) an annuitant's total deposits plus a minimum annual return; or iii) the highest accumulated account value attained at any policy anniversary date. In addition, a death benefit may be based on a formula specified in the variable annuity contract that uses a percentage of the growth of the underlying contract value. Liabilities for GMDBs are based on cumulative assessments or premiums to date multiplied by a benefit ratio that is determined by estimating the present value of benefit payments and related adjustment expenses divided by the present value of cumulative assessment or expected premiums during the contract period.

Under reinsurance programs covering GLBs, we assume the risk of guaranteed minimum income benefits (GMIB) associated with variable annuity contracts. The GMIB risk is triggered if, at the time the contract holder elects to convert the accumulated account value to a periodic payment stream (annuitize), the accumulated account value is not sufficient to provide a guaranteed minimum level of monthly income. Our GLB reinsurance products meet the definition of a derivative for accounting purposes and are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in Realized gains (losses) in the Consolidated statements of operations. Refer to Note 10 a) for additional information.

k) Deposit assets and liabilities

Deposit assets arise from ceded reinsurance contracts purchased that do not transfer significant underwriting or timing risk. Deposit liabilities include reinsurance deposit liabilities and contract holder deposit funds. The reinsurance deposit liabilities arise from contracts sold for which there is not a significant transfer of risk. Contract holder deposit funds represent a liability for investment contracts sold that do not meet the definition of an insurance contract, and certain of these contracts are sold with a guaranteed rate of return. Under deposit accounting, consideration received or paid is recorded as a deposit asset or liability in the balance sheet as opposed to recording premiums and losses in the statements of operations.

Interest income on deposit assets, representing the consideration received or to be received in excess of cash payments related to the deposit contract, is earned based on an effective yield calculation. The calculation of the effective yield is based on the amount and timing of actual cash flows at the balance sheet date and the estimated amount and timing of future cash flows. The effective yield is recalculated periodically to reflect revised estimates of cash flows. When a change in the actual or estimated cash flows occurs, the resulting change to the carrying amount of the deposit asset is reported as income or expense. Deposit assets of $101 million and $107 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, are reflected in Other assets in the Consolidated balance sheets and the accretion of deposit assets related to interest pursuant to the effective yield calculation is reflected in Net investment income in the Consolidated statements of operations.

Deposit liabilities include reinsurance deposit liabilities of $74 million and $86 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively and contract holder deposit funds of $2.2 billion for both periods. Deposit liabilities are reflected in Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities in the Consolidated balance sheets. At contract inception, the deposit liability equals net cash received. An accretion rate is established based on actuarial estimates whereby the deposit liability is increased to the estimated amount payable over the contract term. The deposit accretion rate is the rate of return required to fund expected future payment obligations. We periodically reassess the estimated ultimate liability and related expected rate of return. Changes to the deposit liability are generally reflected through Interest expense to reflect the cumulative effect of the period the contract has been in force, and by an adjustment to the future accretion rate of the liability over the remaining estimated contract term.

The liability for contract holder deposit funds equals accumulated policy account values, which consist of the deposit payments plus credited interest less withdrawals and amounts assessed through the end of the period.

l) Property and Equipment

Property and equipment used in operations are capitalized and carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and are reported within Other assets in the Consolidated balance sheets. At December 31, 2021, property and equipment totaled $2.0 billion, consisting principally of capitalized software costs of $1.4 billion incurred to develop or obtain computer software for internal use and company-owned facilities of $228 million. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. For capitalized software, the estimated useful life is generally three to five years, but can be as long as 15 years and for company-owned facilities the estimated useful life is 40 years. At December 31, 2020, property and equipment totaled $2.0 billion.

m) Foreign currency remeasurement and translation

The functional currency for each of our foreign operations is generally the currency of the local operating environment. Transactions in currencies other than a foreign operation's functional currency are remeasured into the functional currency, and the resulting foreign exchange gains and losses are reflected in Net realized gains (losses) in the Consolidated statements of operations. Functional currency assets and liabilities are translated into the reporting currency, U.S. dollars, using period end exchange rates and the related translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of AOCI in Shareholders' equity. Functional statement of operations amounts expressed in functional currencies are translated using average exchange rates.

n) Administrative expenses

Administrative expenses generally include all operating costs other than policy acquisition costs. The North America Commercial P&C Insurance segment manages and uses an in-house third-party claims administrator, ESIS Inc. (ESIS). ESIS performs claims management and risk control services for domestic and international organizations that self-insure P&C exposures as well as internal P&C exposures. The net operating income of ESIS is included within Administrative expenses in the Consolidated statements of operations and were $25 million, $18 million, and $47 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

o) Income taxes

Income taxes have been recorded related to those operations subject to income tax. Deferred tax assets and liabilities result from temporary differences between the amounts recorded in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax law or rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is recorded if it is more likely than not that all, or some portion, of the benefits related to these deferred tax assets will not be realized. The valuation allowance assessment considers tax planning strategies, where appropriate.

We recognize uncertain tax positions that are determined to be more likely than not of being sustained upon examination. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.

p) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated using the weighted-average shares outstanding, including participating securities with non-forfeitable rights to dividends such as unvested restricted stock. All potentially dilutive securities, including stock options are excluded from the basic earnings per share calculation. In calculating diluted earnings per share, the weighted-average shares outstanding is increased to include all potentially dilutive securities. Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income by the applicable weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the year.

q) Share-based compensation

Chubb measures and records compensation cost for all share-based payment awards at grant-date fair value. Compensation costs are recognized for vesting of share-based payment awards with only service conditions on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award as if the award were, in substance, multiple awards. For retirement-eligible participants, compensation costs for certain share-based payment awards are recognized immediately at the date of grant. Refer to Note 12 for additional information.

r) Chubb integration expenses

Direct costs related to the Chubb Corp acquisition were expensed as incurred. Chubb integration expenses were $23 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 and include all internal and external costs directly related to the integration activities of the Chubb Corp acquisition. These expenses principally consisted of personnel-related expenses, consulting fees, and rebranding.

s) New accounting pronouncements

Accounting guidance not yet adopted

Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts

In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance to improve the existing recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure requirements for long-duration contracts issued by an insurance entity. The amendments in this update require more frequent updating of assumptions and a standardized discount rate for the future policy benefit liability, a requirement to use the fair value measurement model for policies with market risk benefits, simplified amortization of deferred acquisition costs, and enhanced disclosures. This standard will be effective in the first quarter of 2023 with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the effect of adopting this guidance on our financial condition and results of operations. We will be better able to quantify the effect of adopting this standard as we progress in our implementation process and draw nearer to the date of adoption.

Acquisitions (Notes)	12 Months Ended
Acquisitions (Notes)	Dec. 31, 2021
Acquisitions [Abstract]
Mergers, Acquisitions and Dispositions Disclosures [Text Block]	Acquisitions Cigna’s Life and Accident and Health (A&H) Insurance Business in Asia-Pacific Markets On October 7, 2021, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the life and non-life insurance companies that house the personal accident, supplemental health and life insurance business of Cigna in seven Asia-Pacific markets, including Korea, Taiwan, New Zealand, Thailand, Hong Kong and Indonesia and its interest in a joint venture in Turkey, for approximately $5.75 billion in cash, subject to certain post-closing purchase adjustments. The transaction is expected to be completed in 2022. The timing of completion is subject to required regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions. Huatai Group Chubb maintains a direct investment in Huatai Insurance Group Co., Ltd. (Huatai Group). Huatai Group is the parent company of, and owns 100 percent of, Huatai Property & Casualty Insurance Co., Ltd. (Huatai P&C), approximately 80 percent of Huatai Life Insurance Co., Ltd. (Huatai Life), and approximately 82 percent of Huatai Asset Management Co., Ltd. (collectively, Huatai). Huatai Group's insurance operations have more than 600 branches and approximately 19 million customers in China. As of December 31, 2021, Chubb's aggregate ownership interest in Huatai Group was approximately 47.3 percent. Chubb applies the equity method of accounting to its investment in Huatai Group by recording its share of net income or loss in Other (income) expense in the Consolidated statements of operations. During 2021, Chubb entered into agreements with several counterparties to purchase incremental ownership interests in Huatai Group totaling approximately 31.8 percent for approximately $2.2 billion. In connection with these agreements, Chubb paid approximately $1.1 billion in deposits. In January 2022, we paid $113 million relating to these agreements. Chubb entered into an agreement to acquire an approximate 7.1 percent ownership interest in Huatai Group for approximately $0.5 billion, which was paid as a deposit in 2020. The purchase of the additional ownership interests is contingent upon important conditions. As Chubb’s ownership interest increases, we will continue to evaluate the appropriateness of consolidation accounting in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 810, Consolidation, and other applicable regulations.

Investments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Investments

a) Fixed maturities


December 31, 2021	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Available for sale
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	2,111	$	—	$	109	$	(6)	$	2,214
Non-U.S.	25,156		(8)		953		(272)		25,829
Corporate and asset-backed securities	37,844		(6)		1,410		(185)		39,063
Mortgage-backed securities	20,080		—		532		(123)		20,489
Municipal	5,302		—		216		(5)		5,513
	$	90,493	$	(14)	$	3,220	$	(591)	$	93,108
	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Net Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
Held to maturity
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,213	$	—	$	1,213	$	34	$	(3)	$	1,244
Non-U.S.	1,201		(5)		1,196		66		—		1,262
Corporate and asset-backed securities	2,032		(28)		2,004		197		—		2,201
Mortgage-backed securities	1,731		(1)		1,730		74		(1)		1,803
Municipal	3,976		(1)		3,975		162		—		4,137
	$	10,153	$	(35)	$	10,118	$	533	$	(4)	$	10,647


December 31, 2020	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Available for sale
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	2,471	$	—	$	199	$	—	$	2,670
Non-U.S.	24,594		(6)		1,808		(42)		26,354
Corporate and asset-backed securities	34,095		(14)		2,322		(72)		36,331
Mortgage-backed securities	17,456		—		1,022		(8)		18,470
Municipal	6,572		—		304		(2)		6,874
	$	85,188	$	(20)	$	5,655	$	(124)	$	90,699
	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Net Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
Held to maturity
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,392	$	—	$	1,392	$	60	$	—	$	1,452
Non-U.S.	1,295		(7)		1,288		118		(1)		1,405
Corporate and asset-backed securities	2,185		(35)		2,150		288		—		2,438
Mortgage-backed securities	2,000		(1)		1,999		148		(1)		2,146
Municipal	4,825		(1)		4,824		245		—		5,069
	$	11,697	$	(44)	$	11,653	$	859	$	(2)	$	12,510

The following table presents the amortized cost of our HTM securities according to S&P rating:


					December 31
			2021				2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Amortized cost		% of Total		Amortized cost		% of Total
AAA	$	2,089	21	%	$	2,511	22	%
AA	5,303		52	%	6,193		53	%
A	1,964		19	%	2,138		18	%
BBB	773		8	%	826		7	%
BB	23		—	%	28		—	%
Other	1		—	%	1		—	%
Total	$	10,153	100	%	$	11,697	100	%

The following table presents fixed maturities by contractual maturity:


					December 31
			2021				2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Net Carrying Value		Fair Value		Net Carrying Value		Fair Value
Available for sale
Due in 1 year or less	$	4,498	$	4,498	$	4,760	$	4,760
Due after 1 year through 5 years	25,542		25,542		26,227		26,227
Due after 5 years through 10 years	28,207		28,207		27,232		27,232
Due after 10 years	14,372		14,372		14,010		14,010
	72,619		72,619		72,229		72,229
Mortgage-backed securities	20,489		20,489		18,470		18,470
	$	93,108	$	93,108	$	90,699	$	90,699
Held to maturity
Due in 1 year or less	$	888	$	894	$	1,231	$	1,240
Due after 1 year through 5 years	3,744		3,846		3,592		3,760
Due after 5 years through 10 years	2,242		2,349		3,029		3,228
Due after 10 years	1,514		1,755		1,802		2,136
	8,388		8,844		9,654		10,364
Mortgage-backed securities	1,730		1,803		1,999		2,146
	$	10,118	$	10,647	$	11,653	$	12,510

Expected maturities could differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations, with or without call or prepayment penalties.

b) Gross unrealized loss

Fixed maturities in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2021 and 2020 comprised both investment grade and below investment grade securities for which fair value declined primarily due to widening credit spreads since the date of purchase.

The following tables present, for AFS fixed maturities in an unrealized loss position (including securities on loan) that are not deemed to have expected credit losses, the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by length of time the security has continuously been in an unrealized loss position:


	0 – 12 Months				Over 12 Months				Total
December 31, 2021	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	363	$	(3)	$	70	$	(3)	$	433	$	(6)
Non-U.S.	6,917		(196)		1,093		(62)		8,010		(258)
Corporate and asset-backed securities	9,449		(145)		806		(32)		10,255		(177)
Mortgage-backed securities	8,086		(116)		190		(7)		8,276		(123)
Municipal	226		(5)		—		—		226		(5)
Total AFS fixed maturities	$	25,041	$	(465)	$	2,159	$	(104)	$	27,200	$	(569)


	0 – 12 Months				Over 12 Months				Total
December 31, 2020	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss
(in millions of U.S. dollars)

Non-U.S.	$	1,628	$	(35)	$	114	$	(5)	$	1,742	$	(40)
Corporate and asset-backed securities	2,212		(33)		593		(14)		2,805		(47)
Mortgage-backed securities	875		(6)		35		(2)		910		(8)
Municipal	40		(1)		16		(1)		56		(2)
Total AFS fixed maturities	$	4,755	$	(75)	$	758	$	(22)	$	5,513	$	(97)

c) Net realized gains (losses)

The following table presents the components of net realized gains (losses) and the change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Fixed maturities:
OTTI on fixed maturities, gross	$	—	$	—	$	(90)
OTTI on fixed maturities recognized in OCI (pre-tax)	—		—		32
OTTI on fixed maturities, net	—		—		(58)
Gross realized gains excluding OTTI	142		244		203
Gross realized losses excluding OTTI	(123)		(366)		(176)
Net (provision for) recovery of expected credit losses	14		11		—
Impairment (1)	(30)		(170)		—
Total fixed maturities	3		(281)		(31)
Equity securities	662		586		104

Other investments	111		(32)		(20)
Foreign exchange	348		(483)		7
Investment and embedded derivative instruments	(72)		81		(435)
Fair value adjustments on insurance derivative	316		(202)		(4)
S&P futures	(202)		(108)		(138)
Other derivative instruments	(8)		1		(8)
Other	(6)		(60)		(5)
Net realized gains (losses) (pre-tax)	$	1,152	$	(498)	$	(530)

Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments (pre-tax):
Fixed maturities available for sale	$	(2,901)	$	2,628	$	3,769
Fixed maturities held to maturity	(18)		(24)		(31)

Other	(19)		(12)		(3)
Income tax (expense) benefit	521		(462)		(647)
Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments (after-tax)	$	(2,417)	$	2,130	$	3,088

(1)Relates to certain securities we intended to sell and securities written to market entering default.

Realized gains and losses from Equity securities and Other investments from the table above include sales of securities and unrealized gains and losses from fair value changes as follows:


													Year Ended December 31
	2021						2020						2019
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Equity Securities		Other Investments		Total		Equity Securities		Other Investments		Total		Equity Securities		Other Investments		Total
Net gains (losses) recognized during the period	$	662	$	111	$	773	$	586	$	(32)	$	554	$	104	$	(20)	$	84
Less: Net gains (losses) recognized from sales of securities	157		—		157		455		—		455		58		(5)		53
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized for securities still held at reporting date	$	505	$	111	$	616	$	131	$	(32)	$	99	$	46	$	(15)	$	31

The following table presents a roll-forward of valuation allowance for expected credit losses on fixed maturities:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Available for sale
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - beginning of period	$	20	$	—
Impact of adoption of new accounting guidance	—		25
Provision for expected credit loss	14		188
Initial allowance for purchased securities with credit deterioration	—		5
Write-offs charged against the expected credit loss	—		(5)
Recovery of expected credit loss	(20)		(193)
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - end of period	$	14	$	20
Held to maturity
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - beginning of period	$	44	$	—
Impact of adoption of new accounting guidance	—		44
Provision for expected credit loss	1		9


Recovery of expected credit loss	(10)		(9)
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - end of period	$	35	$	44

The following table presents a roll-forward of pre-tax credit losses related to fixed maturities for which a portion of OTTI was recognized in OCI:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)		2019
Balance of credit losses related to securities still held – beginning of year		$	34
Additions where no OTTI was previously recorded		33
Additions where an OTTI was previously recorded		4
Reductions for securities sold during the period		(41)
Balance of credit losses related to securities still held – end of year		$	30

d) Other investments


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Alternative investments:
Partially-owned investment companies	$	9,210	$	5,969
Limited partnerships	631		547
Investment funds	267		254
Alternative investments	10,108		6,770
Life insurance policies	481		438
Policy loans	243		233
Non-qualified separate account assets (1)	278		316
Other	59		188
Total	$	11,169	$	7,945

(1)Non-qualified separate account assets are comprised of mutual funds, supported by assets that do not qualify for separate account reporting under GAAP.

Alternative investments

Alternative investments include partially-owned investment companies, investment funds, and limited partnerships measured at fair value using net asset value (NAV) as a practical expedient. The following table presents, by investment category, the expected liquidation period, fair value, and maximum future funding commitments of alternative investments:


						December 31
		2021				2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Expected Liquidation Period of Underlying Assets	Fair Value		Maximum Future Funding Commitments		Fair Value		Maximum Future Funding Commitments
Financial	2 to 10 Years	$	1,096	$	267	$	673	$	237
Real assets	2 to 11 Years	1,193		766		805		598
Distressed	2 to 8 Years	753		641		358		970
Private credit	3 to 8 Years	84		279		88		270
Traditional	2 to 14 Years	6,647		5,200		4,519		1,125
Vintage	1 to 2 Years	68		—		73		—
Investment funds	Not Applicable	267		—		254		—
		$	10,108	$	7,153	$	6,770	$	3,200

Included in all categories in the above table, except for Investment funds, are investments for which Chubb will never have the contractual option to redeem but receives distributions based on the liquidation of the underlying assets. Further, for all categories except for Investment funds, Chubb does not have the ability to sell or transfer the investments without the consent from the general partner of individual funds.


Investment Category						Consists of investments in private equity funds:
Financial						targeting financial services companies, such as financial institutions and insurance services worldwide
Real assets						targeting investments related to hard physical assets, such as real estate, infrastructure and natural resources
Distressed						targeting distressed corporate debt/credit and equity opportunities in the U.S.
Private credit						targeting privately originated corporate debt investments, including senior secured loans and subordinated bonds
Traditional						employing traditional private equity investment strategies such as buyout and growth equity globally
Vintage						funds where the initial fund term has expired

Included in partially-owned investment companies and limited partnerships are 130 individual limited partnerships covering a broad range of investment strategies including large cap buyouts, specialist buyouts, growth capital, distressed, mezzanine, real estate, and co-investments. The underlying portfolio consists of various public and private debt and equity securities of publicly traded and privately held companies and real estate assets. The underlying investments across various partnerships, geographies, industries, asset types, and investment strategies provide risk diversification within the limited partnership portfolio and the overall investment portfolio.

Investment funds employ various investment strategies such as long/short equity and arbitrage/distressed. Included in this category are investments for which Chubb has the option to redeem at agreed upon value as described in each investment fund’s subscription agreement. Depending on the terms of the various subscription agreements, investment fund investments may be redeemed monthly, quarterly, semi-annually, or annually. If Chubb wishes to redeem an investment fund investment, it must first determine if the investment fund is still in a lock-up period (a time when Chubb cannot redeem its investment so that the investment fund manager has time to build the portfolio). If the investment fund is no longer in its lock-up period, Chubb must then notify the investment fund manager of its intention to redeem by the notification date prescribed by the subscription agreement. Subsequent to notification, the investment fund can redeem Chubb’s investment within several months of the notification. Notice periods for redemption of the investment funds are up to 270 days. Chubb can redeem its investment funds without consent from the investment fund managers.

e) Investments in partially-owned insurance companies

The following table presents Investments in partially-owned insurance companies:



	December 31, 2021						December 31, 2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars, except for percentages)	Carrying Value		Goodwill		Direct Ownership Percentage		Carrying Value		Goodwill		Direct Ownership Percentage		Domicile
Huatai Group	$	2,698	$	1,355	47	%	$	2,461	$	1,313	47	%	China
Huatai Life Insurance Company	253		71		20	%	201		69		20	%	China
Freisenbruch-Meyer	10		3		40	%	10		3		40	%	Bermuda
Chubb Arabia Cooperative Insurance Company	23		—		30	%	23		—		30	%	Saudi Arabia
Russian Reinsurance Company	4		—		23	%	4		—		23	%	Russia
ABR Reinsurance Ltd.	142		—		17	%	114		—		16	%	Bermuda

Total	$	3,130	$	1,429			$	2,813	$	1,385

Chubb’s aggregate direct and indirect ownership in Huatai Life is approximately 57.7 percent, comprising 20 percent direct and 37.7 percent indirect ownership interest.

The table above excludes the 38.7 percent of additional ownership commitment in Huatai Group that is contingent upon important conditions. Refer to Note 2 for additional information.

f) Net investment income


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Fixed maturities (1)	$	3,300	$	3,321	$	3,385
Short-term investments	35		48		84
Other interest income	11		19		25
Equity securities	150		81		26
Other investments	147		82		78
Gross investment income (1)	3,643		3,551		3,598
Investment expenses	(187)		(176)		(172)
Net investment income (1)	$	3,456	$	3,375	$	3,426
(1) Includes amortization expense related to fair value adjustment of acquired invested assets related to the Chubb Corp acquisition	$	(84)	$	(116)	$	(161)

g) Restricted assets

Chubb is required to maintain assets on deposit with various regulatory authorities to support its insurance and reinsurance operations. These requirements are generally promulgated in the statutory regulations of the individual jurisdictions. The assets on deposit are available to settle insurance and reinsurance liabilities. Chubb is also required to restrict assets pledged under repurchase agreements, which represent Chubb's agreement to sell securities and repurchase them at a future date for a predetermined price. We use trust funds in certain large reinsurance transactions where the trust funds are set up for the benefit of the ceding companies and generally take the place of letter of credit (LOC) requirements. We have investments in segregated portfolios primarily to provide collateral or guarantees for LOC and derivative transactions. Included in restricted assets are investments, primarily fixed maturities, totaling $17,092 million and $19,605 million, and cash of $152 million and $89 million, at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The following table presents the components of restricted assets:


			December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Trust funds	$	9,915	$	12,305
Deposits with U.S. regulatory authorities	2,402		2,438
Deposits with non-U.S. regulatory authorities	2,873		2,905
Assets pledged under repurchase agreements	1,420		1,462
Other pledged assets	634		584
Total	$	17,244	$	19,694

Fair value measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair value measurements

a) Fair value hierarchy

Fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities is estimated based on the framework established in the fair value accounting guidance. The guidance defines fair value as the price to sell an asset or transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy based on the reliability of the inputs. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets and the lowest priority to unobservable data.

The three levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

•Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;

•Level 2 – Includes, among other items, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability such as

interest rates and yield curves, quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; and

•Level 3 – Inputs that are unobservable and reflect management’s judgments about assumptions that market participants

would use in pricing an asset or liability.

We categorize financial instruments within the valuation hierarchy at the balance sheet date based upon the lowest level of inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement.

We use pricing services to obtain fair value measurements for the majority of our investment securities. Based on management’s understanding of the methodologies used, these pricing services only produce an estimate of fair value if there is observable market information that would allow them to make a fair value estimate. Based on our understanding of the market inputs used by the pricing services, all applicable investments have been valued in accordance with GAAP. We do not adjust prices obtained from pricing services. The following is a description of the valuation techniques and inputs used to determine fair values for financial instruments carried at fair value, as well as the general classification of such financial instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

Fixed maturities

We use pricing services to estimate fair value measurements for the majority of our fixed maturities. The pricing services use market quotations for fixed maturities that have quoted prices in active markets; such securities are classified within Level 1. For fixed maturities other than U.S. Treasury securities that generally do not trade on a daily basis, the pricing services prepare estimates of fair value measurements using their pricing applications or pricing models, which include available relevant market information, benchmark curves, benchmarking of like securities, sector groupings, and matrix pricing. Additional valuation factors that can be taken into account are nominal spreads, dollar basis, and liquidity adjustments. The pricing services evaluate each asset class based on relevant market and credit information, perceived market movements, and sector news. The market inputs used in the pricing evaluation, listed in the approximate order of priority include: benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, reference data, and industry and economic events. The extent of the use of each input is dependent on the asset class and the market conditions. Given the asset class, the priority of the use of inputs may change, or some market inputs may not be relevant. Additionally, fixed maturities valuation is more subjective when markets are less liquid due to the lack of market based inputs (i.e., stale pricing) and may require the use of models to be priced. The lack of market based inputs may increase the potential that an investment's estimated fair value is not reflective of the price at which an actual transaction would occur. The overwhelming majority of fixed

maturities are classified within Level 2 because the most significant inputs used in the pricing techniques are observable. For a small number of fixed maturities, we obtain a single broker quote (typically from a market maker). Due to the disclaimers on the quotes that indicate that the price is indicative only, we include these fair value estimates in Level 3.

Equity securities

Equity securities with active markets are classified within Level 1 as fair values are based on quoted market prices. For equity securities in markets which are less active, fair values are based on market valuations and are classified within Level 2. Equity securities for which pricing is unobservable are classified within Level 3.

Short-term investments

Short-term investments, which comprise securities due to mature within one year of the date of purchase that are traded in active markets, are classified within Level 1 as fair values are based on quoted market prices. Securities such as commercial paper and discount notes are classified within Level 2 because these securities are typically not actively traded due to their approaching maturity, and as such, their cost approximates fair value. Short-term investments for which pricing is unobservable are classified within Level 3.

Other investments

Fair values for the majority of Other investments including investments in partially-owned investment companies, investment funds, and limited partnerships are based on their respective (NAV) and are excluded from the fair value hierarchy table below. Certain of our long-duration contracts are supported by assets that do not qualify for separate account reporting under GAAP. These assets comprise mutual funds, classified within Level 1 in the valuation hierarchy on the same basis as other equity securities traded in active markets. Other investments also include equity securities, classified within Level 1 and fixed maturities, classified within Level 2, held in rabbi trusts maintained by Chubb for deferred compensation plans and supplemental retirement plans and are classified within the valuation hierarchy on the same basis as other equity securities and fixed maturities.

Securities lending collateral

The underlying assets included in Securities lending collateral in the Consolidated balance sheets are fixed maturities which are classified in the valuation hierarchy on the same basis as other fixed maturities. Excluded from the valuation hierarchy is the corresponding liability related to Chubb’s obligation to return the collateral plus interest as it is reported at contract value and not fair value in the Consolidated balance sheets.

Investment derivative instruments

Actively traded investment derivative instruments, including futures, options, and forward contracts are classified within Level 1 as fair values are based on quoted market prices. The fair value of cross-currency swaps and interest rate swaps is based on market valuations and is classified within Level 2. Investment derivative instruments are recorded in either Other assets or Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities in the Consolidated balance sheets.

Other derivative instruments

We maintain positions in exchange-traded equity futures contracts designed to limit exposure to a severe equity market decline, which would cause an increase in expected claims and, therefore, an increase in future policy benefit reserves for our guaranteed minimum death benefits (GMDB) and an increase in the fair value liability for our guaranteed living benefits (GLB) reinsurance business. Our positions in exchange-traded equity futures contracts are classified within Level 1. The fair value of the majority of the remaining positions in other derivative instruments is based on significant observable inputs including equity security and interest rate indices. Accordingly, these are classified within Level 2. Other derivative instruments based on unobservable inputs are classified within Level 3. Other derivative instruments are recorded in either Other assets or Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities in the Consolidated balance sheets.

Separate account assets

Separate account assets represent segregated funds where investment risks are borne by the customers, except to the extent of certain guarantees made by Chubb. Separate account assets comprise mutual funds classified within Level 1 in the valuation hierarchy on the same basis as other equity securities traded in active markets. Separate account assets also include fixed maturities classified within Level 2 because the most significant inputs used in the pricing techniques are observable. Excluded from the valuation hierarchy are the corresponding liabilities as they are reported at contract value and not fair value in the Consolidated balance sheets. Separate account assets are recorded in Other assets in the Consolidated balance sheets.

Guaranteed living benefits

The GLB arises from life reinsurance programs covering living benefit guarantees whereby we assume the risk of guaranteed minimum income benefits (GMIB) associated with variable annuity contracts. GLBs are recorded in Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities in the Consolidated balance sheets. For GLB reinsurance, Chubb estimates fair value using an internal valuation model which includes current market information and estimates of policyholder behavior. All of the treaties contain claim limits, which are factored into the valuation model. The fair value depends on a number of factors, including interest rates, equity markets, credit risk, current account value, market volatility, expected annuitization rates and other policyholder behavior, and changes in policyholder mortality. Because of the significant use of unobservable inputs including policyholder behavior, GLB reinsurance is classified within Level 3.

Financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by valuation hierarchy


December 31, 2021	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Assets:
Fixed maturities available for sale
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,680	$	534	$	—	$	2,214
Non-U.S.	—		25,196		633		25,829
Corporate and asset-backed securities	—		37,014		2,049		39,063
Mortgage-backed securities	—		20,463		26		20,489
Municipal	—		5,513		—		5,513
	1,680		88,720		2,708		93,108
Equity securities	4,705		—		77		4,782
Short-term investments	1,744		1,395		7		3,146
Other investments (1)	286		481		—		767
Securities lending collateral	—		1,831		—		1,831
Investment derivative instruments	58		—		—		58

Separate account assets	5,461		99		—		5,560
Total assets measured at fair value (1)	$	13,934	$	92,526	$	2,792	$	109,252
Liabilities:
Investment derivative instruments	$	166	$	—	$	—	$	166
Other derivative instruments	16		—		—		16
GLB (2)	—		—		745		745
Total liabilities measured at fair value	$	182	$	—	$	745	$	927

(1)Excluded from the table above are partially-owned investments, investment funds, and limited partnerships of $10,108 million, policy loans of $243 million and other investments of $51 million at December 31, 2021 measured using NAV as a practical expedient.

(2)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.


December 31, 2020	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Assets:
Fixed maturities available for sale
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	2,148	$	522	$	—	$	2,670
Non-U.S.	—		25,808		546		26,354
Corporate and asset-backed securities	—		34,758		1,573		36,331
Mortgage-backed securities	—		18,410		60		18,470
Municipal	—		6,874		—		6,874
	2,148		86,372		2,179		90,699
Equity securities	3,954		—		73		4,027
Short-term investments	2,866		1,474		5		4,345
Other investments (1)	434		438		10		882
Securities lending collateral	—		1,844		—		1,844
Investment derivative instruments	35		—		—		35

Separate account assets	4,264		124		—		4,388
Total assets measured at fair value (1)	$	13,701	$	90,252	$	2,267	$	106,220
Liabilities:
Investment derivative instruments	$	52	$	—	$	—	$	52
Other derivative instruments	17		—		—		17

GLB (2)	—		—		1,089		1,089
Total liabilities measured at fair value	$	69	$	—	$	1,089	$	1,158

(1)Excluded from the table above are partially-owned investments, investment funds, and limited partnerships of $6,770 million, policy loans of $233 million and other investments of $60 million at December 31, 2020 measured using NAV as a practical expedient.

(2)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.

Level 3 financial instruments

The following table presents the significant unobservable inputs used in the Level 3 liability valuations. Excluded from the table below are inputs used to determine the fair value of Level 3 assets which are based on single broker quotes and contain no quantitative unobservable inputs developed by management. The majority of our fixed maturities classified as Level 3 used external pricing when markets are less liquid due to the lack of market inputs (i.e., stale pricing, broker quotes).


(in millions of U.S. dollars, except for percentages)	Fair Value at December 31 2021		Valuation Technique	Significant Unobservable Inputs	Ranges	Weighted Average (1)
GLB (1)	$	745	Actuarial model	Lapse rate	3% - 31%	4.5	%
				Annuitization rate	0% - 100%	3.6	%

(1)The weighted average lapse and annuitization rates are determined by weighting each treaty's rates by the GLB contracts fair value.

The most significant policyholder behavior assumptions include lapse rates and the GMIB annuitization rates. Assumptions regarding lapse rates and GMIB annuitization rates differ by treaty, but the underlying methodologies to determine rates applied to each treaty are comparable.

A lapse rate is the percentage of in-force policies surrendered in a given calendar year. All else equal, as lapse rates increase, ultimate claim payments will decrease. In general, the base lapse function assumes low lapse rates during the surrender charge period of the GMIB contract, followed by a "spike" lapse rate in the year immediately following the surrender charge period, and then reverting to an ultimate lapse rate, typically over a 2-year period. This base rate is adjusted downward for policies with more valuable guarantees (policies with guaranteed values far in excess of their account values). Partial withdrawals and the impact of older policyholders with tax-qualified contracts (due to required minimum distributions) are also reflected in our modeling.

The GMIB annuitization rate is the percentage of policies for which the policyholder will elect to annuitize using the guaranteed benefit provided under the GMIB. All else equal, as GMIB annuitization rates increase, ultimate claim payments will increase, subject to treaty claim limits. All GMIB reinsurance treaties include claim limits to protect Chubb in the event that actual annuitization behavior is significantly higher than expected. In general, Chubb assumes that GMIB annuitization rates will be higher for policies with more valuable guarantees (policies with guaranteed values far in excess of their account values). Chubb also assumes that GMIB annuitization rates increase as policyholders get older. In addition, we also assume that GMIB annuitization rates are higher in the first year immediately following the waiting period (the first year the policies are eligible to annuitize using the GMIB) in comparison to all subsequent years. We do not yet have fully credible annuitization experience for all clients.

The effect of changes in key market factors on assumed lapse and annuitization rates reflect emerging trends using data available from cedants. For treaties with limited experience, rates are established by blending the experience with data received from other ceding companies. The model and related assumptions are regularly re-evaluated by management and enhanced, as appropriate, based upon additional experience obtained related to policyholder behavior and availability of updated information such as market conditions, market participant assumptions, and demographics of in-force annuities. In the fourth quarter of 2021, we completed a review of policyholder behavior related to annuitizations, partial withdrawals, lapses, and mortality for our variable annuity reinsurance business. As a result, we refined our policyholder behavior assumptions (mainly those relating to annuitizations and partial withdrawals), which had an insignificant impact on net income. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we also made routine model refinements to the internal valuation model which had an insignificant impact on net income.

The following tables present a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of financial instruments measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):


											Assets		Liabilities
	Available-for-Sale Debt Securities						Equity securities		Short-term investments		Other investments		GLB (1)
Year Ended December 31, 2021	Non-U.S.		Corporate and asset-backed securities		Mortgage-backed securities
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Balance, beginning of year	$	546	$	1,573	$	60	$	73	$	5	$	10	$	1,089
Transfers into Level 3	24		91		—		—		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3	(11)		(76)		(18)		—		—		(10)		—
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses in OCI	(30)		15		—		—		(1)		—		—
Net Realized Gains/Losses	(1)		(2)		—		8		—		—		(316)
Purchases	275		1,154		18		21		9		—		—
Sales	(48)		(99)		(1)		(25)		—		—		—
Settlements	(122)		(607)		(33)		—		(6)		—		—
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—		(28)
Balance, end of year	$	633	$	2,049	$	26	$	77	$	7	$	—	$	745
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date	$	—	$	3	$	—	$	5	$	—	$	—	$	(316)
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date	$	(25)	$	17	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.


	Assets												Liabilities
	Available-for-Sale Debt Securities						Equity securities		Short-term investments		Other investments		GLB (1)
Year Ended December 31, 2020	Non-U.S.		Corporate and asset-backed securities		Mortgage-backed securities
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Balance, beginning of year	$	449	$	1,451	$	60	$	69	$	6	$	10	$	897
Transfers into Level 3	—		134		—		—		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3	(16)		(73)		(1)		(3)		—		—		—
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses in OCI	19		(8)		—		—		—		—		—
Net Realized Gains/Losses	(1)		(30)		—		1		(1)		—		202
Purchases	274		708		2		23		14		—		—
Sales	(122)		(186)		—		(17)		(2)		—		—
Settlements	(57)		(423)		(1)		—		(12)		—		—
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—		(10)
Balance, end of year	$	546	$	1,573	$	60	$	73	$	5	$	10	$	1,089
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date	$	—	$	(5)	$	—	$	4	$	—	$	—	$	202
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date	$	16	$	(6)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.


	Assets												Liabilities
	Available-for-Sale Debt Securities								Short-term investments					GLB (1)
Year Ended December 31, 2019	Non-U.S.		Corporate and asset-backed securities		Mortgage-backed securities		Equity securities				Other investments
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Balance, beginning of year	$	345	$	1,299	$	61	$	57	$	1	$	11		$	861
Transfers into Level 3	11		23		—		—		—		—			—
Transfers out of Level 3	(24)		(38)		(16)		—		—		—			—
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses in OCI	13		(2)		—		1		—		—			—
Net Realized Gains/Losses	(1)		(4)		—		(2)		—		—			4
Purchases	228		577		19		34		6		—			—
Sales	(70)		(125)		(1)		(21)		—		—			—
Settlements	(53)		(279)		(3)		—		(1)		(1)			—
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—			32
Balance, end of year	$	449	$	1,451	$	60	$	69	$	6	$	10		$	897
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date	$	—	$	(2)	$	—	$	(3)	$	—	$	—		$	4
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date	$	7	$	(8)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—

(1)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.

b) Financial instruments disclosed, but not measured, at fair value

Chubb uses various financial instruments in the normal course of its business. Our insurance contracts are excluded from fair value of financial instruments accounting guidance, and therefore, are not included in the amounts discussed below.

The carrying values of cash, other assets, other liabilities, and other financial instruments not included below approximated their fair values.

Investments in partially-owned insurance companies

Fair values for investments in partially-owned insurance companies are based on Chubb’s share of the net assets based on the financial statements provided by those companies and are excluded from the valuation hierarchy tables below.

Short- and long-term debt, repurchase agreements, and trust preferred securities

Where practical, fair values for short-term debt, long-term debt, repurchase agreements, and trust preferred securities are estimated using discounted cash flow calculations based principally on observable inputs including incremental borrowing rates, which reflect Chubb’s credit rating, for similar types of borrowings with maturities consistent with those remaining for the debt being valued.

The following tables present fair value, by valuation hierarchy, and carrying value of the financial instruments not measured at fair value:


December 31, 2021	Fair Value								Net Carrying Value
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Fixed maturities held to maturity
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,192	$	52	$	—	$	1,244	$	1,213
Non-U.S.	—		1,262		—		1,262		1,196
Corporate and asset-backed securities	—		2,201		—		2,201		2,004
Mortgage-backed securities	—		1,803		—		1,803		1,730
Municipal	—		4,137		—		4,137		3,975
Total assets	$	1,192	$	9,455	$	—	$	10,647	$	10,118
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	$	—	$	1,406	$	—	$	1,406	$	1,406
Short-term debt	—		1,019		—		1,019		999
Long-term debt	—		16,848		—		16,848		15,169
Trust preferred securities	—		460		—		460		308
Total liabilities	$	—	$	19,733	$	—	$	19,733	$	17,882


December 31, 2020	Fair Value								Net Carrying Value
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Fixed maturities held to maturity
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,395	$	57	$	—	$	1,452	$	1,392
Non-U.S.	—		1,405		—		1,405		1,288
Corporate and asset-backed securities	—		2,438		—		2,438		2,150
Mortgage-backed securities	—		2,146		—		2,146		1,999
Municipal	—		5,069		—		5,069		4,824
Total assets	$	1,395	$	11,115	$	—	$	12,510	$	11,653
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	$	—	$	1,405	$	—	$	1,405	$	1,405

Long-term debt	—		17,487		—		17,487		14,948
Trust preferred securities	—		473		—		473		308
Total liabilities	$	—	$	19,365	$	—	$	19,365	$	16,661

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Reinsurance

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]

Reinsurance

a) Consolidated reinsurance

Chubb purchases reinsurance to manage various exposures including catastrophe risks. Although reinsurance agreements contractually obligate Chubb's reinsurers to reimburse it for the agreed-upon portion of its gross paid losses, they do not discharge Chubb's primary liability. The amounts for net premiums written and net premiums earned in the Consolidated statements of operations are net of reinsurance. The following table presents direct, assumed, and ceded premiums:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Premiums written
Direct	$	42,811	$	37,749	$	36,848
Assumed	3,969		3,512		3,276
Ceded	(8,912)		(7,441)		(7,849)
Net	$	37,868	$	33,820	$	32,275
Premiums earned
Direct	$	41,138	$	37,037	$	35,876
Assumed	3,650		3,323		3,107
Ceded	(8,433)		(7,243)		(7,693)
Net	$	36,355	$	33,117	$	31,290

Ceded losses and loss expenses incurred were $6.1 billion, $5.0 billion, and $4.9 billion for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

b) Reinsurance recoverable on ceded reinsurance


	December 31, 2021				December 31, 2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Net Reinsurance Recoverable (1)		Valuation allowance		Net Reinsurance Recoverable (1)		Valuation allowance
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses and loss expenses	$	16,184	$	271	$	14,647	$	257
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses and loss expenses	1,182		58		945		57
Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses	$	17,366	$	329	$	15,592	$	314
Reinsurance recoverable on policy benefits	$	213	$	4	$	206	$	5

(1) Net of valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance.

The increase in reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses in 2021 was primarily due to higher underlying ceded exposures due to premium growth, and unfavorable prior period development in certain lines.

The following table presents a roll-forward of valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance related to Reinsurance recoverable on loss and loss expenses:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance - beginning of period	$	314	$	316
Provision for uncollectible reinsurance	66		21
Write-offs charged against the valuation allowance	(50)		(25)
Foreign exchange revaluation	(1)		2
Valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance - end of period	$	329	$	314

The following tables present a listing, at December 31, 2021, of the categories of Chubb's reinsurers:


December 31, 2021	Gross Reinsurance Recoverable on Loss and Loss Expenses		Valuation allowance for Uncollectible Reinsurance		% of Gross Reinsurance Recoverable
(in millions of U.S. dollars, except for percentages)
Categories
Largest reinsurers	$	8,441	$	102	1.2	%
Other reinsurers rated A- or better	5,435		63		1.2	%
Other reinsurers rated lower than A- or not rated	315		48		15.3	%
Pools	415		10		2.4	%
Structured settlements	516		13		2.5	%
Captives	2,325		28		1.2	%
Other	248		65		26.2	%
Total	$	17,695	$	329	1.9	%


Largest Reinsurers
ABR Reinsurance Capital Holdings	HDI Group (Hannover Re)	Munich Re Group	Swiss Re Group
Berkshire Hathaway Insurance Group	Lloyd's of London	Partner Re Group


Categories of Chubb's reinsurers						Comprises:
Largest reinsurers						• All groups of reinsurers or captives where the gross recoverable exceeds one percent of Chubb's total shareholders' equity.
Other reinsurers rated A- or better						• All reinsurers rated A- or better that were not included in the largest reinsurer category.
Other reinsurers rated lower than A- or not rated						• All reinsurers rated lower than A- or not rated that were not included in the largest reinsurer category.
Pools						• Related to Chubb's voluntary pool participation and Chubb's mandatory pool participation required by law in certain states.
Structured settlements						• Annuities purchased from life insurance companies to settle claims. Since we retain ultimate liability in the event that the life company fails to pay, we reflect the amounts as both a liability and a recoverable/receivable for GAAP purposes.
Captives						• Companies established and owned by our insurance clients to assume a significant portion of their direct insurance risk from Chubb; structured to allow clients to self-insure a portion of their reinsurance risk. It generally is our policy to obtain collateral equal to expected losses. Where appropriate, exceptions are granted but only with review and approval at a senior officer level. Excludes captives included in the largest reinsurer category.
Other						• Amounts recoverable that are in dispute or are from companies that are in supervision, rehabilitation, or liquidation.

The valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance is principally based on an analysis of the credit quality of the reinsurer and collateral balances. We establish the valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance for the Other category based on a case-by-case analysis of individual situations including the merits of the underlying matter, credit and collateral analysis, and consideration.

Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Intangible Assets Disclosure [Text Block]

Goodwill and Other intangible assets

Goodwill

The following table presents a roll-forward of Goodwill by segment:


(in millions of U.S. dollars)	North America Commercial P&C Insurance		North America Personal P&C Insurance		North America Agricultural Insurance		Overseas General Insurance		Global Reinsurance		Life Insurance		Chubb Consolidated
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	6,955	$	2,234	$	134	$	4,785	$	371	$	817	$	15,296
Acquisition of Banchile Seguros de Vida	—		—		—		16		—		28		44
Foreign exchange revaluation and other	17		6		—		35		—		2		60
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	6,972	$	2,240	$	134	$	4,836	$	371	$	847	$	15,400

Foreign exchange revaluation and other	—		—		—		(183)		—		(4)		(187)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	6,972	$	2,240	$	134	$	4,653	$	371	$	843	$	15,213

Other intangible assets

Other intangible assets that are subject to amortization principally relate to agency distribution relationships and renewal rights and other intangible assets that are not subject to amortization principally relate to trademarks.


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Subject to amortization	$	2,508	$	2,846
Not subject to amortization	2,947		2,965
Total	$	5,455	$	5,811

Amortization expense related to purchased intangibles was $287 million, $290 million, and $305 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019. The following table presents, as of December 31, 2021, the expected estimated pre-tax amortization expense (benefit) of purchased intangibles, at current foreign currency exchange rates, for the next five years:


	Associated with the Chubb Corp Acquisition
For the Years Ending December 31 (in millions of U.S. dollars)	Agency distribution relationships and renewal rights		Fair value adjustment on Unpaid losses and loss expense (1)		Total		Other intangible assets		Total Amortization of purchased intangibles
2022	$	196	$	(14)	$	182	$	99	$	281
2023	177		(6)		171		94		265
2024	160		(6)		154		88		242
2025	144		(6)		138		87		225
2026	130		(6)		124		85		209
Total	$	807	$	(38)	$	769	$	453	$	1,222

(1)In connection with the Chubb Corp acquisition, we recorded an increase to Unpaid losses and loss expenses acquired to adjust the carrying value of Chubb Corp's historical Unpaid losses and loss expenses to fair value as of the acquisition date. This fair value adjustment amortizes through Amortization of purchased intangibles on the Consolidated statements of operations through the year 2032. The balance of the fair value adjustment on Unpaid losses and loss expense was $90 million and $110 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Refer to Note 1(h) for additional information.

VOBA

The following table presents a roll-forward of VOBA:


(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Balance, beginning of year	$	263	$	306	$	295
Amortization of VOBA (1)	(22)		(27)		(24)
Foreign exchange revaluation and other	(5)		(16)		35
Balance, end of year	$	236	$	263	$	306

(1)Recognized in Policy acquisition costs in the Consolidated statements of operations.

The following table presents, as of December 31, 2021, the expected estimated pre-tax amortization expense related to VOBA for the next five years at current foreign exchange rates:


For the Years Ending December 31	VOBA
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
2022	$	20
2023	18
2024	17
2025	16
2026	14

Unpaid losses and loss expenses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Abstract]

Unpaid Losses and Loss Expenses

Unpaid losses and loss expenses

Chubb establishes reserves for the estimated unpaid ultimate liability for losses and loss expenses under the terms of its policies and agreements. Reserves include estimates for both claims that have been reported and for IBNR claims, and include estimates of expenses associated with processing and settling these claims. Reserves are recorded in Unpaid losses and loss expenses in the consolidated balance sheets. While we believe that our reserves for unpaid losses and loss expenses at December 31, 2021 are adequate, new information or trends may lead to future developments in incurred loss and loss expenses significantly greater or less than the reserves provided. Any such revisions could result in future changes in estimates of losses or reinsurance recoverable and would be reflected in our results of operations in the period in which the estimates are changed.

The following table presents a reconciliation of beginning and ending Unpaid losses and loss expenses:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Gross unpaid losses and loss expenses, beginning of year	$	67,811	$	62,690	$	62,960
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses (1)	(14,647)		(14,181)		(14,689)
Net unpaid losses and loss expenses, beginning of year	53,164		48,509		48,271


Net losses and loss expenses incurred in respect of losses occurring in:
Current year	22,966		22,124		19,575
Prior years (2)	(986)		(414)		(845)
Total	21,980		21,710		18,730
Net losses and loss expenses paid in respect of losses occurring in:
Current year	7,836		7,782		7,894
Prior years	10,048		9,652		10,579
Total	17,884		17,434		18,473
Foreign currency revaluation and other	(501)		379		(19)
Net unpaid losses and loss expenses, end of year	56,759		53,164		48,509
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses (1)	16,184		14,647		14,181
Gross unpaid losses and loss expenses, end of year	$	72,943	$	67,811	$	62,690

(1) Net of valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance.

(2) Relates to prior period loss reserve development only and excludes prior period development related to reinstatement premiums, expense adjustments and earned premiums totaling $60 million, $19 million, and $53 million for 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

The increase in gross and net unpaid losses and loss expense in 2021 is due to an increase in underlying exposure due to premium growth, partially offset by favorable prior period development. The increase in gross and net unpaid losses and loss expense in 2020 was driven by catastrophe losses incurred, principally from the COVID-19 pandemic.

The loss development tables under section c) below, present Chubb’s historical incurred and paid claims development by broad product line through December 31, 2021, net of reinsurance, as well as the cumulative number of reported claims, IBNR balances, and other supplementary information.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the loss development tables to the liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses in the consolidated balance sheet:


Reconciliation of Reserve Balances to Liability for Unpaid Loss and Loss Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Presented in the loss development tables:
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Workers' Compensation	$	9,942
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Liability	18,736
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Other Casualty	2,304
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Non-Casualty	2,963
North America Personal P&C Insurance	3,035
Overseas General Insurance — Casualty	7,052
Overseas General Insurance — Non-Casualty	2,984
Global Reinsurance — Casualty	1,191
Global Reinsurance — Non-Casualty	372
Excluded from the loss development tables:
Other	5,361
Net unpaid loss and allocated loss adjustment expense	53,940
Ceded unpaid loss and allocated loss adjustment expense:
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Workers' Compensation	1,379
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Liability	6,263
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Other Casualty	638
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Non-Casualty	1,631
North America Personal P&C Insurance	632
Overseas General Insurance — Casualty	2,363
Overseas General Insurance — Non-Casualty	1,868
Global Reinsurance — Casualty	33
Global Reinsurance — Non-Casualty	89
Other	1,414
Ceded unpaid loss and allocated loss adjustment expense	16,310
Unpaid loss and loss expense on other than short-duration contracts (1)	1,090
Unpaid unallocated loss adjustment expenses	1,603
Unpaid losses and loss expenses	$	72,943

(1) Primarily includes the claims reserve of our International A&H business and Life Insurance segment reserves.

Business excluded from the loss development tables

“Other” shown in the reconciliation table comprises businesses excluded from the loss development tables:

•North America Agricultural Insurance segment business, which is short-tailed with the majority of the liabilities expected to be resolved in the ensuing twelve months;

•Corporate, which includes run-off liabilities such as asbestos, environmental, and molestation and other mass tort exposures and which impact accident years older than those shown in the loss development tables below;

•Life Insurance segment business, which is generally written using long-duration contracts; and

•Certain subsets of our business due to data limitations or unsuitability to the loss development table presentation, including:

◦We underwrite loss portfolio transfers at various times; by convention, all premium and losses associated with these transactions are recorded to the policy period of the transaction, even though the accident dates of the claims covered may be a decade or more in the past. We also underwrite certain high attachment, high limit, multiple-line and excess of aggregate coverages for large commercial clients. Changes in incurred loss and cash flow patterns are volatile and sufficiently different from those of typical insureds. This category includes the loss portfolio transfer of Fireman’s Fund personal lines run-off liabilities and Alternative Risk Solutions business within the North America Commercial P&C Insurance segment;

◦2015 and prior paid history on a subset of previously acquired international businesses, within the Overseas General Insurance segment, due to limitations on the data prior to the acquisition;

◦Reinsurance recoverable bad debt; and

◦Purchase accounting adjustments related to unpaid losses and loss expenses for Chubb Corp.

a) Description of Reserving Methodologies

Our recorded reserves represent management's best estimate of the provision for unpaid claims as of the balance sheet date. The process of establishing loss and loss expense reserves can be complex and is subject to considerable uncertainty as it requires the use of estimates and judgments based on circumstances underlying the insured loss at the date of accrual. The reserves for our various product lines each require different qualitative and quantitative assumptions and judgments to be made. Management's best estimate is developed after collaboration with actuarial, underwriting, claims, legal, and finance departments and culminates with the input of reserve committees. Each business unit reserve committee includes the participation of the relevant parties from actuarial, finance, claims, and unit senior management and has the responsibility for finalizing, recommending and approving the estimate to be used as management's best estimate. Reserves are further reviewed by Chubb's Chief Actuary and senior management. The objective of such a process is to determine a single estimate that we believe represents a better estimate than any other and which is viewed by management to be the best estimate of ultimate loss settlements.

This estimate is based on a combination of exposure and experience-based actuarial methods (described below) and other considerations such as claims reviews, reinsurance recovery assumptions and/or input from other knowledgeable parties such as underwriting. Exposure-based methods are most commonly used on relatively immature origin years (i.e., the year in which the losses were incurred — “accident year” or “report year”), while experience-based methods provide a view based on the projection of loss experience that has emerged as of the valuation date. Greater reliance is placed upon experience-based methods as the pool of emerging loss experience grows and where it is deemed sufficiently credible and reliable as the basis for the estimate. In comparing the held reserve for any given origin year to the actuarial projections, judgment is required as to the credibility, uncertainty and inherent limitations of applying actuarial techniques to historical data to project future loss experience. Examples of factors that impact such judgments include, but are not limited to, the following:

•nature and complexity of underlying coverage provided and net limits of exposure provided;

•segmentation of data to provide sufficient homogeneity and credibility for loss projection methods;

•extent of credible internal historical loss data and reliance upon industry information as required;

•historical variability of actual loss emergence compared with expected loss emergence;

•reported and projected loss trends;

•extent of emerged loss experience relative to the remaining expected period of loss emergence;

•rate monitor information for new and renewal business;

•changes in claims handling practice, including impact of COVID-19 on adjudication environment;

•inflation;

•the legal environment, including impact of COVID-19 on judicial proceedings;

•facts and circumstances of large claims;

•terms and conditions of the contracts sold to our insured parties;

•impact of applicable reinsurance recoveries; and

•nature and extent of underlying assumptions.

We have actuarial staff within each of our business units who analyze loss reserves (including loss expenses) and regularly project estimates of ultimate losses and the corresponding indications of the required IBNR reserve. Our reserving approach is a comprehensive ground-up process using data at a detailed level that reflects the specific types and coverages of the diverse products written by our various operations. The data presented in this disclosure was prepared on a more aggregated basis and with a focus on changes in incurred loss estimates over time as well as associated cash flows. We note that data prepared on this basis may not demonstrate the full spectrum of characteristics that are evident in the more detailed level studied internally.

We perform an actuarial reserve review for each product line at least once a year. For most product lines, one or more standard actuarial reserving methods may be used to determine estimates of ultimate losses and loss expenses, and from these estimates, a single actuarial central estimate is selected. The actuarial central estimate is an input to the reserve committee process described above. For the few product lines that do not lend themselves to standard actuarial reserving methods, appropriate techniques are applied to produce the actuarial central estimates. For example, run-off asbestos and environmental liability estimates are better suited to the application of account-specific exposure-based analyses to best evaluate their associated aggregate reserve levels.

b) Standard actuarial reserving methods

The judgments involved in projecting the ultimate losses include the use and interpretation of various standard actuarial reserving methods that place reliance on the extrapolation of actual historical data, loss development patterns, industry data, and other benchmarks as appropriate.

Standard actuarial reserving methods include, but are not limited to, expected loss ratio, paid and reported loss development, and Bornhuetter-Ferguson methods. A general description of these methods is provided below. In addition to these standard methods, depending upon the product line characteristics and available data, we may use other recognized actuarial methods and approaches. Implicit in the standard actuarial methods that we generally utilize is the need for two fundamental assumptions: first, the pattern by which losses are expected to emerge over time for each origin year, and second, the expected loss ratio for each origin year.

The expected loss ratio for any particular origin year is selected after consideration of a number of factors, including historical loss ratios adjusted for rate changes, premium and loss trends, industry benchmarks, the results of policy level loss modeling at the time of underwriting, and/or other more subjective considerations for the product line (e.g., terms and conditions) and external environment as noted above. The expected loss ratio for a given origin year is initially established at the start of the origin year as part of the planning process. This analysis is performed in conjunction with underwriters and management. The expected loss ratio method arrives at an ultimate loss estimate by multiplying the expected ultimate loss ratio by the corresponding premium base. This method is most commonly used as the basis for the actuarial central estimate for immature origin periods on product lines where the actual paid or reported loss experience is not yet deemed sufficiently credible to serve as the principal basis for the selection of ultimate losses. The expected loss ratio for a given origin year may be modified over time if the underlying assumptions differ from the original assumptions (e.g., the assessment of prior year loss ratios, loss trend, rate changes, actual claims, or other information).

Our selected paid and reported development patterns provide a benchmark against which the actual emerging loss experience can be monitored. Where possible, development patterns are selected based on historical loss emergence by origin year. For product lines where the historical data is viewed to have low statistical credibility, the selected development patterns also reflect relevant industry benchmarks and/or experience from similar product lines written elsewhere within Chubb. This most commonly occurs for relatively new product lines that have limited historical data or for high severity/low frequency portfolios where our historical experience exhibits considerable volatility and/or lacks credibility. The paid and reported loss development methods convert the selected loss emergence pattern to a set of multiplicative factors which are then applied to actual paid or reported losses to arrive at an estimate of ultimate losses for each period. Due to their multiplicative nature, the paid and reported loss development methods will leverage differences between actual and expected loss emergence. These methods tend to be utilized for more mature origin periods and for those portfolios where the loss emergence has been relatively consistent over time.

The Bornhuetter-Ferguson method is a combination of the expected loss ratio method and the loss development method, where the loss development method is given more weight as the origin year matures. This approach allows a logical transition between the expected loss ratio method which is generally utilized at earlier maturities and the loss development methods which are typically utilized at later maturities. We usually apply this method using reported loss data although paid data may also be used.

Short-tail business

Short-tail business generally describes product lines for which losses are typically known and paid shortly after the loss occurs. This would include, for example, most property, personal accident, and automobile physical damage policies that we write. Due to the short reporting and development pattern for these product lines, the uncertainty associated with our estimate of ultimate losses for any particular accident period diminishes relatively quickly as actual loss experience emerges. We typically assign credibility to methods that incorporate actual loss emergence, such as the paid and reported loss development and Bornhuetter-Ferguson methods, sooner than would be the case for long-tail lines at a similar stage of development for a given origin year. The reserving process for short-tail losses arising from catastrophic events typically involves an assessment by the claims department, in conjunction with underwriters and actuaries, of our exposure and estimated losses immediately following an event and then subsequent revisions of the estimated losses as our insureds provide updated actual loss information.

Long-tail business

Long-tail business describes lines of business for which specific losses may not be known/reported for some period and for which claims can take significant time to settle/close. This includes most casualty lines such as general liability, D&O, and workers' compensation. There are various factors contributing to the uncertainty and volatility of long-tail business, including the indirect impact of COVID-19 that has changed loss reporting and development patterns. In addition, uncertain future inflationary trends, changes in future legal environments, and the potential impact of major claims, such as molestation claims including the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) agreement-in-principle, added to the uncertainty and volatility in the long-tail business. Other factors are:

•The nature and complexity of underlying coverage provided and net limits of exposure provided;

•Our historical loss data and experience is sometimes too immature and lacking in credibility to rely upon for reserving purposes. Where this is the case, in our reserve analysis we may utilize industry loss ratios or industry benchmark development patterns that we believe reflect the nature and coverage of the underwritten business and its future development, where available. For such product lines, actual loss experience may differ from industry loss statistics as well as loss experience for previous underwriting years;

•The difficulty in estimating loss trends, claims inflation (e.g., medical and judicial) and underlying economic conditions;

•The need for professional judgment to estimate loss development patterns beyond that represented by historical data using supplemental internal or industry data, extrapolation, or a blend of both;

•The need to address shifts in business mix or volume over time when applying historical paid and reported loss development patterns from older origin years to more recent origin years. For example, changes over time in the processes and procedures for establishing case reserves can distort reported loss development patterns or changes in ceded reinsurance structures by origin year can alter the development of paid and reported losses;

•Loss reserve analyses typically require loss or other data be grouped by common characteristics in some manner. If data from two combined lines of business exhibit different characteristics, such as loss payment patterns, the credibility of the reserve estimate could be affected. Additionally, since casualty lines of business can have significant intricacies in the terms and conditions afforded to the insured, there is an inherent risk as to the homogeneity of the underlying data used in performing reserve analyses; and

•The applicability of the price change data used to estimate ultimate loss ratios for most recent origin years.

As described above, various factors are considered when determining appropriate data, assumptions, and methods used to establish the loss reserve estimates for long-tail product lines. These factors may also vary by origin year for given product lines. The derivation of loss development patterns from data and the selection of a tail factor to project ultimate losses from actual loss emergence require considerable judgment, particularly with respect to the extent to which historical loss experience is relied upon to support changes in key reserving assumptions.

c) Loss Development Tables

The tables were designed to present business with similar risk characteristics which exhibit like development patterns and generally similar trends, in order to provide insight into the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows related to our claims liabilities.

Each table follows a similar format and reflects the following:

•The incurred loss triangle includes both reported case reserves and IBNR liabilities.

•Both the incurred and paid loss triangles include allocated loss adjustment expense (i.e., defense and investigative costs particular to individual claims) but exclude unallocated loss adjustment expense (i.e., the costs associated with internal claims staff and third-party administrators).

•The amounts in both triangles for the years ended December 31, 2012 to December 31, 2020 and average historical claim duration as of December 31, 2021, are presented as supplementary information.

•All data presented in the triangles is net of reinsurance recoverables.

•The IBNR reserves shown to the right of each incurred loss development exhibit reflect the net IBNR recorded as of December 31, 2021.

•The tables are presented retrospectively with respect to acquisitions where these are material and doing so is practicable. Most notably, the Chubb Corp acquisition is presented retrospectively. The unaudited consolidated data is presented solely for informational purposes and is not necessarily indicative of the consolidated data that might have been observed had the transactions been completed prior to the date indicated.

Historical dollar amounts are presented in this footnote on a constant-dollar basis, which is achieved by assuming constant foreign exchange rates for all periods in the loss triangles, translating prior period amounts using the same local currency exchange rates as the current year end. The impact of this conversion is to show the change between periods exclusive of the effect of fluctuations in exchange rates, which would otherwise distort the change in incurred loss and cash flow patterns shown. The change in incurred loss shown will differ from other GAAP disclosures of incurred prior period reserve development amounts, which include the effect of fluctuations in exchanges rates.

We provided guidance above on key assumptions that should be considered when reviewing this disclosure and information relating to how loss reserve estimates are developed. We believe the information provided in the “Loss Development Tables” section of the disclosure is of limited use for independent analysis or application of standard actuarial estimations.

Cumulative Number of Reported Claims

Reported claim counts, on a cumulative basis, are provided to the far right of each incurred loss development table. In our North America segments, we generally consider a reported claim to be one claim per coverage per claimant. In our Overseas General Insurance segment, we generally consider a reported claim to be on a per occurrence basis. Global Reinsurance segment’s portfolio comprises a mix of proportional and non-proportional treaties. The proportional treaties are reported on a bulk basis and do not lend themselves to meaningful claim count data. As such, we do not provide claim count information for our Global Reinsurance segment.

We exclude claims closed without payment. Claims are counted on a direct basis without consideration of ceded reinsurance. Use of the presented claim counts in analysis of company experience has significant limitations, including:

•Claims for certain events and/or product lines, such as portions of our A&H business, are not reported on an individual basis, but rather in bulk and thus not available for inclusion in this disclosure.

•Each segment typically has a mixture of primary and excess experience which has shifted over time.

•Captive business, especially in Workers' Compensation and Liability, largely represents fronted business where our net exposure to loss is minimal; however, since the claim count is based on direct claims, there is a mismatch between direct claims and net loss dollars, the extent of which varies by accident year.

Reported claim counts include open claims which have case reserves but exclude claims that have been incurred but not reported. As such the reported claims are not consistent with the incurred losses in the triangle, which include incurred but not reported losses. One can calculate reported losses by subtracting incurred but not reported losses from incurred losses in the triangle. Reported claim counts are also inconsistent with losses in the paid loss triangle, since reported counts would include claims with case reserves but no payments to date.

North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Workers' Compensation — Long-tail

This product line has a substantial geographic spread and a broad mix across industries. Types of coverage include risk management business predominantly with high deductible policies, loss sensitive business (i.e., retrospectively-rated policies), business fronted for captives, as well as excess and primary guaranteed cost coverages.

The triangle below shows all loss and allocated expense development for the workers' compensation product line. In our prior period development disclosure, we exclude any loss development where there is a directly related premium adjustment. For workers' compensation, changes in the exposure base due to payroll audits will drive changes in ultimate losses. In addition, we record involuntary pool assumptions (premiums and losses) on a lagged basis. Both of these items will influence the development in the triangle, particularly the first prior accident year, and are included in the reconciliation table presented on page F-58.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	1,050	$	1,011		$	1,030	$	1,040	$	1,011	$	989	$	986	$	977	$	953	$	952	$	224	44
2013			1,109			1,108		1,122		1,127		1,086		1,073		1,037		1,014		989		252		43
2014						1,207		1,201		1,217		1,215		1,163		1,100		1,073		1,037		305		45
2015								1,282		1,259		1,276		1,279		1,217		1,154		1,128		379		50
2016										1,367		1,361		1,383		1,378		1,269		1,206		439		52
2017												1,413		1,380		1,399		1,393		1,376		679		50
2018														1,359		1,361		1,379		1,385		681		51
2019																1,391		1,384		1,401		718		47
2020																		1,367		1,387		903		31
2021																				1,348		1,033		30
Total																				$	12,209


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	111	$	271		$	365	$	436	$	486	$	532	$	574	$	592	$	612	$	626
2013			107			286		422		506		553		587		616		633		650
2014						113		295		410		484		532		566		599		617
2015								116		301		418		501		564		606		628
2016										122		326		452		529		584		621
2017												120		313		437		516		564
2018														130		329		451		528
2019																143		341		467
2020																		111		282
2021																				120
Total																				$	5,103


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	2,836
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	7,106
All Accident years	$	9,942


North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Workers' Compensation — Long-tail (continued)
Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(98)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(125)
All Accident years	$	(223)



Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	10	%	15	%	10	%	7	%	5	%	4	%	3	%	2	%	2	%	1	%

North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Liability — Long-tail

This line consists of primary and excess liability exposures, medical liability, and professional lines, including directors and officers (D&O) liability, errors and omissions (E&O) liability, employment practices liability (EPL), fidelity bonds, and fiduciary liability.

The primary and excess liability business represents the largest part of these exposures. The former includes both monoline and commercial package liability. The latter includes a substantial proportion of commercial umbrella, excess and high excess business, where loss activity can produce significant volatility in the loss triangles at later ages within an accident year (and sometimes across years) due to the size of the limits afforded and the complex nature of the underlying losses.

This line includes management and professional liability products provided to a wide variety of clients, from national accounts to small firms along with private and not-for-profit organizations, distributed through brokers, agents, wholesalers and MGAs. Many of these coverages, particularly D&O and E&O, are typically written on a claims-made form. While most of the coverages are underwritten on a primary basis, there are significant amounts of excess exposure with large policy limits.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	3,552	$	3,628		$	3,614	$	3,565	$	3,525	$	3,427	$	3,331	$	3,235	$	3,235	$	3,308	$	302	25
2013			3,547			3,542		3,543		3,533		3,430		3,216		3,122		2,964		2,956		252		25
2014						3,535		3,586		3,675		3,718		3,656		3,470		3,346		3,198		381		24
2015								3,560		3,709		3,819		3,977		3,943		3,736		3,709		714		27
2016										3,534		3,595		3,692		3,805		3,799		3,771		773		27
2017												3,322		3,499		3,581		3,631		3,552		1,156		27
2018														3,375		3,494		3,697		3,828		1,445		28
2019																3,452		3,628		3,867		1,982		30
2020																		4,106		3,832		2,780		24
2021																				4,322		3,941		25
Total																				$	36,343


North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Liability — Long-tail (continued)
Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	166	$	656		$	1,172	$	1,680	$	2,093	$	2,327	$	2,502	$	2,619	$	2,688	$	2,783
2013			130			548		1,192		1,597		2,007		2,232		2,374		2,465		2,525
2014						164		679		1,250		1,804		2,202		2,442		2,584		2,673
2015								138		605		1,206		1,856		2,291		2,533		2,749
2016										171		663		1,336		1,975		2,334		2,596
2017												161		617		1,162		1,701		2,003
2018														190		754		1,303		1,777
2019																176		671		1,248
2020																		152		590
2021																				175
Total																				$	19,119


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	1,512
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	17,224
All Accident years	$	18,736


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(86)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(121)
All Accident years	$	(207)


Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	4	%	14	%	17	%	15	%	11	%	7	%	5	%	3	%	2	%	3	%

North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Other Casualty — Long-tail

This product line consists of the remaining commercial casualty coverages such as automobile liability and aviation. There is also a small portion of commercial multi-peril (CMP) business in accident years 2014 and prior. The paid and reported data are impacted by some catastrophe loss activity primarily on the CMP exposures just noted.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	634	$	606		$	577	$	561	$	520	$	519	$	509	$	507	$	505	$	500	$	2	16
2013			527			531		523		516		469		462		462		458		461		12		18
2014						595		583		581		597		555		539		539		531		14		17
2015								487		470		502		515		458		455		463		31		15
2016										504		502		527		524		481		480		51		16
2017												532		566		577		616		605		79		17
2018														536		564		575		580		110		17
2019																606		637		686		219		16
2020																		646		634		372		11
2021																				675		515		9
Total																				$	5,615


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	69	$	223		$	320	$	387	$	435	$	470	$	487	$	493	$	502	$	496
2013			69			197		271		348		385		412		419		426		439
2014						80		220		317		391		455		473		501		509
2015								47		137		215		305		371		395		412
2016										52		145		246		324		375		398
2017												66		175		313		381		446
2018														74		169		270		365
2019																70		190		318
2020																		53		151
2021																				60
Total																				$	3,594


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	283
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	2,021
All Accident years	$	2,304


North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Other-Casualty — Long-tail (continued)
Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(7)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	28
All Accident years	$	21



Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	11	%	21	%	19	%	15	%	11	%	5	%	3	%	1	%	2	%	—	%

North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Non-Casualty — Short-tail

This product line represents first party commercial product lines that are short-tailed in nature, such as property, inland marine, ocean marine, surety and A&H. There is a wide diversity of products, primary and excess coverages, and policy sizes. During this ten-year period, this product line was also impacted by natural catastrophes mainly in the 2012, 2017, and 2018 accident years.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	2,033	$	1,916		$	1,883	$	1,864	$	1,859	$	1,847	$	1,844	$	1,850	$	1,844	$	1,848	$	5	426
2013			1,434			1,424		1,337		1,360		1,340		1,340		1,338		1,344		1,343		5		455
2014						1,643		1,661		1,579		1,559		1,549		1,550		1,558		1,552		3		483
2015								1,736		1,745		1,650		1,638		1,605		1,589		1,592		(6)		545
2016										1,911		1,890		1,800		1,782		1,818		1,832		34		650
2017												2,704		2,608		2,504		2,521		2,513		51		763
2018														2,053		2,240		2,175		2,167		41		903
2019																2,052		2,037		1,959		67		1,042
2020																		3,148		2,951		357		1,118
2021																				2,947		1,249		726
Total																				$	20,704


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	715	$	1,577		$	1,698	$	1,767	$	1,795	$	1,822	$	1,816	$	1,842	$	1,844	$	1,839
2013			651			1,138		1,238		1,285		1,311		1,324		1,333		1,335		1,336
2014						820		1,373		1,484		1,506		1,532		1,546		1,554		1,558
2015								727		1,343		1,488		1,556		1,572		1,574		1,587
2016										846		1,505		1,656		1,733		1,760		1,786
2017												979		2,087		2,302		2,392		2,406
2018														1,027		1,825		2,018		2,074
2019																1,030		1,677		1,804
2020																		1,396		2,271
2021																				1,087
Total																				$	17,748


North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Non-Casualty — Short-tail (continued)
Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	7
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	2,956
All Accident years	$	2,963


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(3)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(277)
All Accident years	$	(280)


Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	45	%	37	%	8	%	3	%	1	%	1	%	—	%	1	%	—	%	—	%

North America Personal P&C Insurance — Short-tail

Chubb provides personal lines coverages for high-net-worth individuals and families in North America including homeowners, automobile, valuable articles (including fine art), umbrella liability, and recreational marine insurance offered through independent regional agents and brokers. A portfolio acquired from Fireman’s Fund is presented on a prospective basis beginning in May of accident year 2015. Reserves associated with prior accident periods were acquired through a loss portfolio transfer, which does not allow for a retrospective presentation. During this ten-year period, this segment was also impacted by natural catastrophes, mainly in 2012, 2017 and 2018 accident years.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	2,186	$	2,183		$	2,183	$	2,191	$	2,186	$	2,186	$	2,189	$	2,194	$	2,190	$	2,188	$	5	188
2013			1,860			1,889		1,897		1,900		1,925		1,937		1,945		1,948		1,949		23		132
2014						2,205		2,206		2,192		2,146		2,160		2,147		2,141		2,141		11		144
2015								2,495		2,550		2,561		2,544		2,563		2,570		2,566		12		148
2016										2,440		2,536		2,545		2,482		2,471		2,464		27		154
2017												3,035		3,069		3,002		2,998		2,998		63		163
2018														3,010		3,037		3,103		3,118		197		169
2019																2,957		2,993		2,994		209		156
2020																		2,931		2,634		376		121
2021																				3,037		1,025		103
Total																				$	26,089


North America Personal P&C Insurance — Short-tail (continued)
Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	1,177	$	1,806		$	1,957	$	2,063	$	2,117	$	2,150	$	2,164	$	2,164	$	2,165	$	2,177
2013			1,043			1,505		1,688		1,787		1,843		1,885		1,895		1,917		1,916
2014						1,310		1,765		1,926		2,035		2,080		2,106		2,116		2,123
2015								1,499		2,084		2,271		2,392		2,478		2,508		2,533
2016										1,453		2,052		2,211		2,314		2,370		2,398
2017												1,698		2,520		2,668		2,799		2,870
2018														1,926		2,549		2,706		2,865
2019																1,668		2,437		2,617
2020																		1,334		1,995
2021																				1,587
Total																				$	23,081


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	27
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	3,008
All Accident years	$	3,035


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(2)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(293)
All Accident years	$	(295)


Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	56	%	24	%	6	%	5	%	3	%	1	%	1	%	—	%	—	%	1	%

Overseas General Insurance — Casualty — Long-tail

This product line is comprised of D&O liability, E&O liability, financial institutions (including crime/fidelity coverages), and non-U.S. general liability as well as aviation and political risk. Exposures are located around the world, including Europe, Latin America, and Asia. Approximately 46 percent of Chubb Overseas General business is generated by European accounts, exclusive of Lloyd's market. There is some U.S. exposure in Casualty from multinational accounts and in financial lines for Lloyd's market. The financial lines coverages are typically written on a claims-made form, while general liability coverages are typically on an occurrence basis and comprised of a mix of primary and excess businesses.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	1,249	$	1,219		$	1,282	$	1,300	$	1,297	$	1,287	$	1,267	$	1,257	$	1,227	$	1,237	$	62	38
2013			1,238			1,234		1,230		1,274		1,228		1,195		1,137		1,104		1,124		73		39
2014						1,237		1,307		1,316		1,331		1,248		1,165		1,125		1,134		101		40
2015								1,153		1,249		1,278		1,301		1,278		1,219		1,202		137		42
2016										1,189		1,289		1,356		1,385		1,373		1,382		286		43
2017												1,180		1,282		1,330		1,379		1,343		205		44
2018														1,279		1,330		1,392		1,434		493		44
2019																1,354		1,422		1,447		620		42
2020																		1,740		1,656		1,101		34
2021																				1,678		1,373		29
Total																				$	13,637


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	72	$	244		$	427	$	577	$	690	$	828	$	898	$	940	$	1,005	$	1,061
2013			82			258		412		557		699		799		866		917		938
2014						107		283		457		588		701		784		847		890
2015								82		276		478		655		774		853		929
2016										123		313		517		664		787		883
2017												94		310		516		676		842
2018														109		322		485		627
2019																121		327		459
2020																		105		283
2021																				116
Total																				$	7,028


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	443
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	6,609
All Accident years	$	7,052


Overseas General Insurance — Casualty — Long-tail (continued)
Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(76)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(22)
All Accident years	$	(98)



Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	7	%	14	%	14	%	12	%	10	%	8	%	6	%	4	%	4	%	5	%

Overseas General Insurance — Non-Casualty — Short-tail

This product line is comprised of commercial fire, marine (predominantly cargo), surety, personal automobile (in Latin America, Asia Pacific and Japan), personal cell phones, personal residential (including high net worth), energy and construction. In general, these lines have relatively stable payment and reporting patterns although they are impacted by natural catastrophes mainly in the 2017 and 2018 accident years. Europe and Asia each make up about one third of the Chubb Overseas General non-casualty book.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	1,634	$	1,624		$	1,584	$	1,531	$	1,524	$	1,516	$	1,501	$	1,496	$	1,489	$	1,488	$	4	555
2013			1,703			1,698		1,635		1,589		1,584		1,557		1,545		1,536		1,527		12		573
2014						1,774		1,839		1,785		1,775		1,740		1,730		1,723		1,717		(3)		548
2015								1,867		1,985		1,963		1,933		1,915		1,908		1,890		3		570
2016										1,975		1,973		1,960		1,938		1,942		1,972		38		581
2017												2,122		2,161		2,143		2,125		2,149		15		589
2018														2,083		2,169		2,132		2,109		29		623
2019																2,098		2,117		2,049		22		640
2020																		2,448		2,309		250		541
2021																				2,521		699		531
Total																				$	19,731


Overseas General Insurance — Non-Casualty — Short-tail (continued)
Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	643	$	1,176		$	1,357	$	1,415	$	1,437	$	1,447	$	1,458	$	1,461	$	1,460	$	1,471
2013			659			1,221		1,410		1,441		1,477		1,495		1,502		1,505		1,503
2014						718		1,365		1,571		1,633		1,662		1,675		1,689		1,696
2015								811		1,481		1,707		1,786		1,807		1,836		1,853
2016										959		1,597		1,791		1,861		1,886		1,895
2017												1,000		1,765		1,938		2,012		2,052
2018														954		1,668		1,868		1,936
2019																996		1,657		1,849
2020																		1,031		1,649
2021																				962
Total																				$	16,866


(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	119
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	2,865
All Accident years	$	2,984


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(6)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(210)
All Accident years	$	(216)


Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	44	%	34	%	10	%	3	%	2	%	1	%	1	%	—	%	—	%	1	%

Global Reinsurance

Chubb analyzes its Global Reinsurance business on a treaty year basis rather than on an accident year basis. Treaty year data was converted to an accident year basis for the purposes of this disclosure. Mix shifts are an important consideration in these product line groupings. As proportional business and excess of loss business have different earning and loss reporting and payment patterns, this change in mix will affect the cash flow patterns across the accident years. In addition, the shift from excess to proportional business over time will make the cash flow patterns of older and more recent years difficult to compare. In general, the proportional business will pay out more quickly than the excess of loss business, as such, using older years development patterns may overstate the ultimate loss estimates in more recent years.

Global Reinsurance — Casualty — Long-tail

This product line includes proportional and excess coverages in general, automobile liability, professional liability, medical malpractice and workers' compensation, with exposures located around the world. In general, reinsurance exhibits less stable development patterns than primary business. In particular, general casualty reinsurance and excess coverages are long-tailed and can be very volatile.


Global Reinsurance — Casualty — Long-tail (continued)
Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	386	$	382		$	391	$	393	$	378	$	372	$	371	$	373	$	378	$	376	$	5
2013			320			326		329		329		331		323		316		310		309		10
2014						332		333		339		342		343		346		329		330		11
2015								284		288		299		300		308		304		308		14
2016										223		226		235		234		243		243		16
2017												213		215		219		217		218		17
2018														244		247		254		250		25
2019																238		246		241		56
2020																		246		250		97
2021																				281		196
Total																				$	2,806


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	78	$	168		$	222	$	262	$	293	$	308	$	324	$	335	$	341	$	347
2013			65			143		186		222		241		260		269		271		278
2014						91		184		217		248		264		276		286		295
2015								90		158		191		217		232		249		266
2016										57		113		142		159		175		192
2017												46		100		122		140		155
2018														41		96		125		149
2019																40		90		116
2020																		41		99
2021																				35
Total																				$	1,932


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	317
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	874
All Accident years	$	1,191


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(27)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(2)
All Accident years	$	(29)


Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	21	%	24	%	12	%	9	%	6	%	5	%	4	%	2	%	2	%	1	%

Global Reinsurance — Non-Casualty — Short-tail

This product line includes property, property catastrophe, marine, credit/surety, A&H and energy. This product line is impacted by natural catastrophes, particularly in the 2017, 2018, 2020, and 2021 accident years. Of the non-catastrophe book, the mixture of business varies by year with approximately 79 percent of loss on proportional treaties in treaty year 2012 and after. This percentage has increased over time with the proportion being approximately 54 percent for treaty year 2012 growing to an average of 83 percent for treaty years 2013 to 2021, with the remainder being written on an excess of loss basis.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses																						As of December 31 2021
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	232	$	211		$	201	$	192	$	190	$	188	$	185	$	185	$	183	$	184	$	1
2013			160			158		146		141		142		140		140		139		138		—
2014						164		179		179		182		181		179		178		177		1
2015								146		154		161		161		153		159		157		1
2016										182		187		189		192		188		186		2
2017												396		423		453		450		454		13
2018														285		295		299		294		1
2019																139		137		133		18
2020																		211		255		34
2021																				342		131
Total																				$	2,320


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	45	$	130		$	156	$	166	$	172	$	177	$	180	$	180	$	179	$	179
2013			46			102		120		130		133		135		136		137		137
2014						65		128		151		162		167		170		172		172
2015								56		103		132		142		146		151		152
2016										57		132		159		170		176		180
2017												191		322		401		415		428
2018														94		255		273		276
2019																35		84		99
2020																		62		178
2021																				158
Total																				$	1,959


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	11
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	361
All Accident years	$	372


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(4)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	34
All Accident years	$	30



Global Reinsurance — Non-Casualty — Short-tail (continued)
Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	35	%	40	%	14	%	4	%	3	%	2	%	1	%	1	%	—	%	—	%

Prior Period Development — Supplementary Information

The following table presents a reconciliation of the loss development triangles above to prior period development:


	Components of PPD
Year Ended December 31, 2021 (in millions of U.S. dollars) (favorable)/unfavorable	2012 - 2020 accident years (implied PPD per loss triangles)		Accident years prior to 2012		Other (1)			PPD on loss reserves		RIPs, Expense adjustments, and earned premiums			Total
North America Commercial P&C Insurance
Long-tail	$	(218)	$	(191)	$	(142)		$	(551)	$	69		$	(482)
Short-tail	(277)		(3)		(10)			(290)		10			(280)
	(495)		(194)		(152)		(2)	(841)		79		(3)	(762)
North America Personal P&C Insurance (Short-tail)	(293)		(2)		(9)			(304)		(1)			(305)
Overseas General Insurance
Long-tail	(22)		(76)		(8)			(106)		—			(106)
Short-tail	(210)		(6)		(126)			(342)		7			(335)
	(232)		(82)		(134)		(4)	(448)		7			(441)
Global Reinsurance
Long-tail	(2)		(27)		1			(28)		3			(25)
Short-tail	34		(4)		(2)			28		—			28
	32		(31)		(1)			—		3			3
Subtotal	$	(988)	$	(309)	$	(296)		$	(1,593)	$	88		$	(1,505)
North America Agricultural Insurance (Short-tail)								$	38	$	(28)		$	10
Corporate (Long-tail)								569		—			569
Consolidated PPD								$	(986)	$	60		$	(926)

(1) Other includes the impact of foreign exchange.

(2) Includes favorable development of $96 million related to our Alternative Risk Solutions business (U.S. and Bermuda) and an adjustment to exclude $48 million in unfavorable development in the workers' compensation line, associated with an increase in exposure for which additional premiums were collected; the remaining difference relates to a number of other items, none of which are individually material.

(3) Includes premium returns associated with our Alternative Risk Solutions business, which is excluded from the triangles.

(4) Includes favorable development of $118 million related to International A&H business; the remaining difference relates to a number of other items, none of which are individually material.

Prior Period Development

Prior period development (PPD) arises from changes to loss estimates recognized in the current year that relate to loss events that occurred in previous calendar years and excludes the effect of losses from the development of earned premium from previous accident years. Long-tail lines include lines such as workers' compensation, general liability, and professional liability; while short-tail lines include lines such as most property lines, energy, personal accident, and agriculture. The following table summarizes (favorable) and adverse PPD by segment:


Years Ended December 31 (in millions of U.S. dollars, except for percentages)	Long-tail		Short-tail		Total		% of beginning net unpaid reserves (1)
2021
North America Commercial P&C Insurance	$	(482)	$	(280)	$	(762)	1.4	%
North America Personal P&C Insurance	—		(305)		(305)		0.6	%
North America Agricultural Insurance	—		10		10		—	%
Overseas General Insurance	(106)		(335)		(441)		0.8	%
Global Reinsurance	(25)		28		3		—	%
Corporate	569		—		569		1.1	%
Total	$	(44)	$	(882)	$	(926)	1.7	%
2020
North America Commercial P&C Insurance	$	(672)	$	(30)	$	(702)	1.4	%
North America Personal P&C Insurance	—		63		63		0.1	%
North America Agricultural Insurance	—		(10)		(10)		—	%
Overseas General Insurance	(49)		(101)		(150)		0.3	%
Global Reinsurance	(25)		(4)		(29)		0.1	%
Corporate	433		—		433		0.9	%
Total	$	(313)	$	(82)	$	(395)	0.8	%
2019
North America Commercial P&C Insurance	$	(668)	$	19	$	(649)	1.3	%
North America Personal P&C Insurance	—		(95)		(95)		0.2	%
North America Agricultural Insurance	—		(80)		(80)		0.2	%
Overseas General Insurance	(68)		(24)		(92)		0.2	%
Global Reinsurance	(59)		30		(29)		0.1	%
Corporate	153		—		153		0.3	%
Total	$	(642)	$	(150)	$	(792)	1.6	%

(1) Calculated based on the beginning of period consolidated net unpaid losses and loss expenses.

Significant prior period movements by segment, principally driven by reserve reviews completed during each respective period, are discussed in more detail below. The remaining net development for long-tail lines and short-tail business for each segment and Corporate comprises numerous favorable and adverse movements across a number of lines and accident years, none of which is significant individually or in the aggregate.

North America Commercial P&C Insurance

2021

North America Commercial P&C Insurance experienced net favorable PPD of $762 million, which was the net result of several underlying favorable and adverse movements, including a favorable development on COVID-19 reserves of $303 million, principally in management liability portfolios as described below, and was driven by the following principal changes:

•Net favorable development of $482 million in long-tail business, primarily from:

•Net favorable development of $278 million in management liability portfolios, mainly in accident year 2020, of which $256 million was related to COVID-19 estimates, driven by lower than expected claim frequency including securities class actions;

•Net favorable development of $260 million in our workers’ compensation business, mainly in accident years 2016 and prior, driven by lower than expected loss experience and related improvements to loss development factors. In addition, there was favorable development in accident year 2020 of $36 million related to our annual assessment of multi-claimant events including industrial accidents;

•Net favorable development of $59 million in financial lines (errors & omissions and cyber), mainly in accident years 2016, 2017 and 2020, from lower than expected emergence, partly offset by higher than expected development in accident year 2019;

•Net favorable development of $43 million on large multi-line prospective deals, mainly in accident years 2017 and prior, from lower than expected reported loss activity. These structured deals typically cover large clients for multiple product lines and with varying loss limitations; this development is net of premium returns of $46 million tied to the loss performance of the particular deals;

•Net favorable development of $40 million in voluntary environmental lines, mainly in accident years 2017 and prior, from lower than expected emergence, partly offset by higher than expected development in accident year 2019;

•Adverse development of $26 million related to an agreement-in-principle as part of the BSA bankruptcy in the 2004 and prior accident years. Refer to the Molestation claims section below for further information;

•Net adverse development of $32 million in commercial excess and umbrella portfolios, with accident years 2016 through 2019 experiencing higher than expected reported loss activity, partly offset by lower than expected emergence in accident years 2015 and prior;

•Net adverse development of $66 million in medical liability businesses, mainly in accident years 2017 and 2018, driven by higher than expected reported loss emergence and associated changes to loss expectations; and

•Net adverse development of $71 million in commercial automobile liability, mainly in accident years 2017 and 2019, driven by adverse reported loss experience.

•Net favorable development of $280 million in short-tail business, primarily from:

•Net favorable development of $164 million in property and marine coverages, mainly in accident years 2019 and 2020, driven by lower than expected loss development;

•Net favorable development of $89 million in surety, mainly in accident years 2018 through 2020, driven by lower than expected loss emergence, including $35 million in accident year 2020, due to lower than expected COVID-19 claim activity;

•Net favorable development of $45 million in accident and health, mainly in accident years 2019 and 2020, where loss emergence was lower than expected; and

•Net adverse development of $42 million in first-party cyber risk, mainly in accident years 2018 through 2020, which experienced higher than expected loss development as well as higher than expected frequency and severity.

2020

North America Commercial P&C Insurance experienced net favorable PPD of $702 million, which was the net result of several underlying favorable and adverse movements, and was driven by the following principal changes:

•Net favorable development of $672 million in long-tail business, primarily from:

•Net favorable development of $363 million in workers’ compensation lines. The majority of the favorable development related to accident years 2016 and prior, driven by lower than expected loss emergence and related updates to loss development factors. In addition, we experienced favorable development of $62 million related to our annual assessment of multi-claimant events, including industrial accidents, in the 2019 accident year. Consistent with prior years, we reviewed these potential exposures after the close of the accident year to allow for late reporting or identification of significant losses. This favorable development in accident year 2019 was partially offset by some higher than expected activity from other claims;

•Net favorable development of $231 million in management liability portfolios, favorably impacting accident years 2015 and prior where paid and reported loss activity was lower than expected, partially offset by adverse development in the 2016 through 2019 accident years, mainly due to higher than expected claim severity in our Directors and Officers (D&O) portfolios;

•Net favorable development of $83 million in commercial excess and umbrella portfolios, mainly in accident years 2014 and prior, driven by lower paid and reported loss activity relative to prior expectations as well as an increase in weighting towards experience-based methods, partially offset by adverse development in more recent accident years, due to higher than expected loss activity;

•Net favorable development of $67 million in professional liability (errors & omissions and cyber risk), driven by accident years 2016 and prior, which experienced lower than expected loss emergence;

•Net favorable development of $43 million in voluntary environmental lines, in accident years 2016 and prior, due to lower than expected loss emergence and a related update to loss development factors;

•Net favorable development of $41 million on large multi-line prospective deals in the 2016 and prior accident years, due to lower than expected reported loss activity. These structured deals typically cover large clients for multiple product lines and with varying loss limitations; this development is net of premium returns of $26 million tied to the loss performance of the particular deals;

•Net favorable development of $40 million in foreign casualty businesses, mainly in accident year 2016, due to lower than expected reported loss activity, partially offset by adverse development on a large loss in accident year 2017;

•Net adverse development of $48 million in general liability coverages, driven by higher than expected reported loss activity in accident years 2017 through 2019, partially offset by favorable development in older accident years;

•Net adverse development of $64 million in medical liability businesses, mainly impacting accident years 2016 through 2019, primarily due to higher than expected reported loss emergence and associated changes to loss development factors and loss expectations; and

•Net adverse development of $77 million in commercial automobile liability, mainly in high deductible and excess portfolios, driven by adverse paid and reported loss emergence and related updates to loss development factors, mainly in accident years 2015 through 2019.

•Net favorable development of $30 million in short-tail business, primarily from:

•Net favorable development of $37 million in accident & health, mainly in accident years 2018 and 2019, driven by lower than expected paid loss emergence;

•Net favorable development of $31 million in surety businesses, driven by accident year 2018, where loss emergence was lower than expected; and

•Net adverse development of $21 million in our marine portfolios, mainly impacting the 2019 accident year, driven by higher than expected non-catastrophe loss development.

2019

North America Commercial P&C Insurance experienced net favorable PPD of $649 million, representing 1.3 percent of the beginning consolidated net unpaid losses and loss expense reserves.

North America Personal P&C Insurance

2021

North America Personal P&C Insurance incurred net favorable PPD of $305 million, driven by favorable development of $253 million in homeowners, including valuables, mainly in accident year 2020, which experienced better than expected non-catastrophe loss development and a favorable $43 million in automobile, predominantly from better than expected frequency results in accident year 2020 for physical damage coverages.

2020

North America Personal P&C Insurance incurred net adverse PPD of $63 million, which was the net result of several underlying favorable and adverse movements, and was driven by the following principal changes:

•Net adverse development of $84 million in the homeowners product line, including valuables, mainly in accident years 2017 through 2019 due to higher than expected non-catastrophe loss emergence and adverse development arising from natural catastrophes in accident years 2017 and 2018; and

•Net favorable development of $22 million in the personal excess line, driven by favorable development mainly in the 2017 accident year, partially offset by adverse development in accident year 2019.

2019

North America Personal P&C Insurance incurred net favorable PPD of $95 million, representing 0.2 percent of the beginning consolidated net unpaid losses and loss expense reserves.

North America Agricultural Insurance

North America Agricultural Insurance experienced net adverse PPD of $10 million in 2021, and favorable PPD of $10 million and $80 million in 2020 and 2019, respectively. Actual claim development mainly relates to our Multiple Peril Crop Insurance business and is based on crop yield results in certain states at the prior year-end period (i.e., 2021 results based on crop yield results at year-end 2020).

Overseas General Insurance

2021

Overseas General Insurance experienced net favorable PPD of $441 million which was the net result of several underlying favorable and adverse movements, including a favorable development on COVID-19 reserves of $127 million, principally in financial lines as described below, and was driven by the following principal changes:

•Net favorable development of $106 million in long-tail business, primarily from:

•Net favorable development of $67 million in casualty lines, including favorable development of $95 million in accident years 2017 and prior, due to lower than expected loss emergence across primary and excess lines in Continental Europe and U.K., partially offset by adverse development of $28 million in accident years 2018 through 2020, primarily due to higher than expected loss development and corresponding changes in loss development patterns on business in Asia Pacific; and

•Net favorable development of $14 million in financial lines, which is the net result of $104 million favorable reduction in COVID-19 estimates in accident year 2020 and adverse development of $90 million primarily in accident years 2011 through 2020 in D&O on specific claims in Australia and U.K., and adverse professional indemnity development, including medical malpractice, in various regions.

•Net favorable development of $335 million in short-tail business, primarily from:

•Net favorable development of $111 million in accident and health lines in accident years 2019 and 2020, across most regions. Included in the favorable development is a $20 million reduction in COVID-19 estimates in accident year 2020;

•Net favorable development of $71 million in consumer lines in accident years 2019 and 2020, driven by reduced claim frequency in personal automobile and high net worth business;

•Net favorable development of $67 million in property lines across most regions in accident years 2019 and 2020 driven by favorable loss emergence; and

•Net favorable development of $62 million in marine lines in accident years 2018 through 2020, driven by favorable loss development, specific claim reductions, and salvage and subrogation recoveries across all regions.

2020

Overseas General Insurance experienced net favorable PPD of $150 million, which was the net result of several underlying favorable and adverse movements, and was driven by the following principal changes:

•Net favorable development of $49 million in long-tail business, primarily from:

•Net favorable development of $94 million in casualty lines, including favorable development of $143 million in accident years 2016 and prior, due to lower than expected loss emergence across primary and excess lines in Continental Europe, U.K., and Asia Pacific, partially offset by adverse development of $49 million in accident years 2017 through 2019, primarily due to adverse large loss experience in U.K. and Asia Pacific;

•Net favorable development of $22 million in political risk, driven by lower than expected loss emergence in accident years 2018 and 2019; and

•Net adverse development of $80 million in financial lines, with favorable development of $61 million in accident years 2015 and prior, primarily from favorable case-specific settlements within Continental Europe and Asia Pacific financial institutions, which was more than offset by adverse development of $141 million in accident years 2016 through 2019, primarily due to adverse large loss experience in D&O portfolios in the U.K. and Asia Pacific.

•Net favorable development of $101 million in short-tail business, primarily from:

•Net favorable development of $69 million in marine, driven by favorable loss emergence and claim-specific loss settlements across all regions in accident years 2012 through 2019; and

•Net favorable development of $21 million in A&H, driven by favorable development across Continental Europe, U.K. and Latin America primarily in accident years 2018 and 2019.

2019

Overseas General Insurance experienced net favorable PPD of $92 million, representing 0.2 percent of the beginning consolidated net unpaid losses and loss expense reserves.

Global Reinsurance

2021

Global Reinsurance experienced net adverse PPD of $3 million, which was the net result of adverse development of $34 million from property catastrophes losses, primarily Hurricanes Delta, Laura and Sally in 2020, partially offset by other items, none of which is significant individually.

2020

Global Reinsurance experienced net favorable PPD of $29 million, which was the net result of several underlying favorable and adverse movements, none of which is significant individually or in the aggregate.

2019

Global Reinsurance experienced net favorable PPD of $29 million, representing 0.1 percent of the beginning consolidated net unpaid losses and loss expense reserves.

Corporate

2021

Corporate incurred adverse development of $569 million in long-tail lines, driven by the following principal changes:

•Adverse development of $417 million for U.S. child molestation claims, primarily driven by a settlement-in-principle with the BSA regarding molestation claims. Refer to the Molestation claims section below for further information;

•Adverse development of $83 million associated with asbestos and environmental liabilities, generally attributable to certain case specific incurred activity and higher than expected indemnity, expenses and defense costs on a limited number of accounts; and

•Adverse development of $43 million on unallocated loss adjustment expenses due to run-off operating expenses and $14 million from an increase in the provision for uncollectible reinsurance.

2020

Corporate incurred adverse development of $433 million in long-tail lines, driven by the following principal changes:

•Adverse development of $254 million for U.S. child molestation claims, predominantly reviver statute-related;

•Adverse development of $106 million associated with asbestos and environmental liabilities, generally attributable to certain case specific incurred activity and higher than expected indemnity, expenses and defense costs on a limited number of accounts; and

•Adverse development of $38 million on unallocated loss adjustment expenses due to run-off operating expenses and $27 million from an increase in the provision for uncollectible reinsurance.

2019

Corporate incurred adverse development of $153 million in long-tail lines, representing 0.3 percent of the beginning consolidated net unpaid losses and loss expense reserves.

Molestation claims

Chubb's exposure to molestation claims principally arises out of liabilities acquired when it purchased CIGNA's P&C business in 1999, and Chubb Corp in 2016. The vast majority of the current liability relates to exposure from recently enacted "reviver" legislation in certain states that allow civil claims relating to molestation to be asserted against policyholders that would otherwise be barred by statutes of limitations. These exposures are predominantly included in our inactive run-off operations included in the Corporate segment with an immaterial amount in the North America Commercial P&C segment.

In December 2021, Chubb reached an agreement-in-principle regarding the bankruptcy of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). Under this agreement, which is contingent on a variety of conditions and court approvals, our inactive run-off company, Century Indemnity Company, and certain active Chubb companies will pay their respective share of $800 million and obtain a broad release for all Chubb companies from BSA-related abuse claims. This liability is included in our Unpaid losses and loss expenses as of December 31, 2021, and is gross of reinsurance recoverable and previously carried reserves, collectively, of $425 million.

Asbestos and environmental (A&E)

Chubb's exposure to A&E claims principally arises out of liabilities acquired when it purchased Westchester Specialty in 1998, CIGNA's P&C business in 1999, and Chubb Corp in 2016. The following table presents a roll-forward of consolidated A&E loss reserves including allocated loss expense reserves for A&E exposures, and the valuation allowance for uncollectible paid and unpaid reinsurance recoverables:


	Asbestos				Environmental				Total
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Gross		Net		Gross		Net		Gross		Net
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	1,492	$	964	$	625	$	483	$	2,117	$	1,447
Incurred activity	129		70		46		28		175		98		(1)
Paid activity	(162)		(118)		(142)		(101)		(304)		(219)
Balance at December 31, 2019	1,459		916		529		410		1,988		1,326
Incurred activity	150		90		79		41		229		131		(1)
Paid activity	(258)		(133)		(91)		(72)		(349)		(205)
Balance at December 31, 2020	1,351		873		517		379		1,868		1,252
Incurred activity	96		64		52		40		148		104		(1)
Paid activity	(221)		(137)		(167)		(117)		(388)		(254)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	1,226	$	800	$	402	$	302	$	1,628	$	1,102

(1) Excludes unallocated loss expenses and the net activity reflects third-party reinsurance other than the aggregate excess of loss reinsurance provided by National Indemnity Company (NICO) to Westchester Specialty (see Westchester Specialty section below).

The A&E net loss reserves including allocated loss expense reserves and valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance at December 31, 2021 and 2020 shown in the table above is comprised of:


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Brandywine operations	$	646	$	736
Westchester Specialty	100		103
Chubb Corp	286		333
Other, mainly Overseas General Insurance	70		80
Total	$	1,102	$	1,252

Brandywine Run-off entities – The Restructuring Plan and uncertainties relating to Chubb's ultimate Brandywine exposure

In 1996, the Pennsylvania Insurance Commissioner approved a plan to restructure INA Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries (the Restructuring) which included the division of Insurance Company of North America (INA) into two separate corporations:

(1) An active insurance company that retained the INA name and continued to write P&C business; and

(2) An inactive run-off company, now called Century Indemnity Company (Century).

As a result of the division, predominantly all A&E and certain other liabilities of INA were ascribed to Century and extinguished, as a matter of Pennsylvania law, as liabilities of INA.

As part of the Restructuring, most A&E liabilities of various U.S. affiliates of INA were reinsured to Century. Century and certain other run-off companies having A&E and other liabilities were contributed to Brandywine Holdings.

The U.S.-based Chubb INA companies assumed two contractual obligations in respect of the Brandywine operations in connection with the Restructuring: a surplus maintenance obligation in the form of the excess of loss (XOL) agreement and a dividend retention fund obligation.

XOL Agreement

In 1996, in connection with the Restructuring, a Chubb INA insurance subsidiary provided reinsurance coverage to Century in the amount of $800 million under an Aggregate Excess of Loss Reinsurance Agreement (XOL Agreement), triggerable if the statutory capital and surplus of Century falls below $25 million or if Century lacks liquid assets with which to pay claims as they become due.

Dividend Retention Fund

INA Financial Corporation established and funded a dividend retention fund (the Dividend Retention Fund) consisting of $50 million plus investment earnings. The full balance of the Dividend Retention Fund was contributed to Century as of December 31, 2002. Under the Restructuring Order, while any obligation to maintain the Dividend Retention Fund is in effect, to the extent dividends are paid by INA Holdings Corporation to its parent, INA Financial Corporation, and to the extent INA Financial Corporation then pays such dividends to INA Corporation, a portion of those dividends must be withheld to replenish the principal of the Dividend Retention Fund to $50 million. In 2021 and 2020, $50 million and $250 million, respectively, were withheld from such dividends and deposited into the Dividend Retention Fund as a result of dividends paid up to the INA Corporation. Pursuant to a 2011 amendment to the Restructuring Order, capital contributions from the Dividend Retention Fund to Century are not required until the XOL Agreement has less than $200 million of capacity remaining on an incurred basis for statutory reporting purposes. The amount of the required capital contribution shall be the lesser of the amount necessary to restore the XOL Agreement remaining capacity to $200 million or the Dividend Retention Fund balance. In 2021 and 2020, capital contributions of $18 million and $302 million were made, respectively, from the Dividend Retention Fund to Century. The Dividend Retention Fund may not be terminated without prior written approval from the Pennsylvania Insurance Commissioner.

In 2004, Chubb INA contributed $100 million to Century in exchange for a surplus note. After giving effect to the surplus note, contributions from the Dividend Retention Fund, results from operations and other items impacting statutory surplus, the statutory surplus of Century at December 31, 2021 was $25 million and $745 million in statutory-basis losses have been ceded to the XOL Agreement on an inception-to-date basis. The XOL Agreement statutory-basis remaining limit at December 31,

2021 is $55 million. Century reports the amount ceded under the XOL Agreement in accordance with statutory accounting principles, which differ from GAAP by, among other things, allowing Century to discount its liabilities, including certain asbestos related and environmental pollution liabilities and Century's reinsurance payable to active companies. For GAAP reporting purposes, intercompany reinsurance recoverables related to the XOL are eliminated upon consolidation.

While Chubb believes it has no legal obligation to fund Century losses above the XOL limit of coverage, Chubb's consolidated results would nevertheless continue to include any losses above the limit of coverage for so long as the Brandywine companies remain consolidated subsidiaries of Chubb.

Certain active Chubb companies are primarily liable for asbestos, environmental, and other exposures that they have reinsured to Century. Accordingly, if Century were to become insolvent and placed into rehabilitation or liquidation, some or all of the recoverables due to these active Chubb companies from Century could become uncollectible. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the aggregate reinsurance recoverables owed by Century to certain active Chubb companies were approximately $1.8 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, on an undiscounted basis. Chubb believes the active company intercompany reinsurance recoverables, which relate to direct liabilities payable over many years, are not impaired. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, Century's carried gross reserves (including reserves assumed from the active Chubb companies) were $2.2 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively. Should Century's loss reserves experience adverse development in the future and should Century be placed into rehabilitation or liquidation, the reinsurance recoverables due from Century to certain active Chubb companies would be payable only after the payment in full of certain expenses and liabilities, including administrative expenses and direct policy liabilities. Thus, the intercompany reinsurance recoverables would be at risk to the extent of the shortage of assets remaining to pay these recoverables.

Westchester Specialty – impact of NICO contracts on Chubb’s run-off entities

As part of the Westchester Specialty acquisition in 1998, NICO provided a 75 percent pro-rata share of $1.0 billion of reinsurance protection on losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred on or before December 31, 1996, in excess of a retention of $721 million. At December 31, 2021, the remaining unused incurred limit under the Westchester NICO agreement was $359 million.

Taxation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Taxation

Under Swiss law through December 31, 2021, a resident company is subject to income tax at the federal, cantonal, and communal levels that is levied on net worldwide income. Income attributable to permanent establishments or real estate located abroad is excluded from the Swiss tax base. Furthermore, participation relief (i.e., tax relief) is granted to Chubb Limited at the federal, cantonal, and communal level for qualifying dividend income. Chubb Limited is subject to an annual cantonal and communal capital tax on the taxable equity of Chubb Limited in Switzerland.

Chubb has two Swiss operating subsidiaries, an insurance company, Chubb Insurance (Switzerland) Limited and a reinsurance company, Chubb Reinsurance (Switzerland) Limited. Both are subject to federal, cantonal, and communal income tax and to annual cantonal and communal capital tax.

Under current Bermuda law, Chubb Limited and its Bermuda subsidiaries are not required to pay any taxes on income or capital gains. If a Bermuda law were enacted that would impose taxes on income or capital gains, Chubb Limited and the Bermuda subsidiaries have received written assurances from the Minister of Finance in Bermuda that would exempt such companies from Bermudian taxation until March 2035.

Income from Chubb's operations at Lloyd's is subject to United Kingdom (U.K.) corporation income taxes. Lloyd's is required to pay U.S. income tax on U.S. connected income written by Lloyd's syndicates. Lloyd's has a closing agreement with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) whereby the amount of tax due on this business is calculated by Lloyd's and remitted directly to the IRS. These amounts are then charged to the accounts of Chubb's Corporate Members in proportion to their participation in the relevant syndicates. Chubb's Corporate Members are subject to this arrangement but, as U.K. domiciled companies, will receive U.K. corporation tax credits for any U.S. income tax incurred up to the value of the equivalent U.K. corporation income tax charge on this income.

Chubb Group Holdings and its respective subsidiaries are subject to income taxes imposed by U.S. authorities and file a consolidated U.S. Federal income tax return. Should Chubb Group Holdings pay a dividend to Chubb Limited, withholding taxes

would apply. Currently, however, no withholding taxes are accrued with respect to such un-remitted earnings as management has no intention of remitting these earnings. Similarly, no taxes have been provided on the un-remitted earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries (Hong Kong and Korea life insurance companies) as management has no intention of remitting these earnings. The cumulative amount that would be subject to withholding tax, if distributed, as well as the determination of the associated tax liability are not practicable to compute; however, such amount would be material.

Certain international operations of Chubb are also subject to income taxes imposed by the jurisdictions in which they operate.

Chubb's domestic operations are in Switzerland, the jurisdiction where we are legally organized, incorporated, and registered. As a result of Swiss federal tax reform which was effective in 2020, the tax rate changed from 7.83 percent to 21.2 percent and further changed in 2021 to 19.7 percent due to Cantonal tax rates.

The following table presents pre-tax income and the related provision for income taxes:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Pre-tax income:
Switzerland	$	349	$	350	$	440
Outside Switzerland	9,467		3,812		4,809
Total pre-tax income	$	9,816	$	4,162	$	5,249
Provision for income taxes
Current tax expense:
Switzerland	$	65	$	52	$	29
Outside Switzerland	1,294		876		879
Total current tax expense	1,359		928		908
Deferred tax expense (benefit):
Switzerland	(15)		2		11
Outside Switzerland	(67)		(301)		(124)
Total deferred tax expense (benefit)	(82)		(299)		(113)
Provision for income taxes	$	1,277	$	629	$	795

The most significant jurisdictions contributing to the overall taxation of Chubb are calculated using the following rates in 2021: Switzerland 19.7 percent, U.S. 21.0 percent, U.K. 19.0 percent, and Bermuda 0.0 percent.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the difference between the provision for income taxes and the expected tax provision at the Swiss statutory income tax rate:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Expected tax provision at Swiss statutory tax rate	$	1,934	$	880	$	411
Permanent differences:
Taxes on earnings subject to rate other than Swiss statutory rate	(740)		(337)		376
Tax-exempt interest and dividends received deduction, net of proration	(38)		(41)		(49)
Net withholding taxes	78		67		40
Other	43		60		17
Provision for income taxes	$	1,277	$	629	$	795

The following table presents the components of net deferred tax assets and liabilities:


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Deferred tax assets:
Loss reserve discount	$	950	$	884
Unearned premiums reserve	544		496
Foreign tax credits	156		222
Provision for uncollectible balances	32		46
Loss carry-forwards	139		123
Debt related amounts	70		69
Compensation related amounts	178		281
Cumulative translation adjustments	28		120
Investments	—		75
Lease liability	111		121
Depreciation	190		—

Total deferred tax assets	2,398		2,437
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred policy acquisition costs	679		522
Other intangible assets, including VOBA	1,268		1,425
Un-remitted foreign earnings	121		77
Investments	144		—
Unrealized appreciation on investments	360		957
Depreciation	—		123
Lease right-of-use asset	100		111
Other, net	23		31
Total deferred tax liabilities	2,695		3,246
Valuation allowance	92		83
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	(389)	$	(892)

The valuation allowance of $92 million and $83 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, reflects management's assessment, based on available information, that it is more likely than not that a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized due to the inability of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries to generate sufficient taxable income. Adjustments to the valuation allowance are made when there is a change in management's assessment of the amount of deferred tax assets that are realizable.

At December 31, 2021, Chubb has net operating loss carry-forwards of $461 million which, if unused, will expire starting in 2022, and a foreign tax credit carry-forward in the amount of $156 million which, if unused, will expire starting in 2026.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Balance, beginning of year	$	76	$	47
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year	—		5
Additions based on tax positions related to prior years	7		24

Reductions for settlements with taxing authorities	(19)		—

Balance, end of year	$	64	$	76

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the gross unrecognized tax benefits of $64 million and $76 million, respectively, can be reduced by $26 million and $31 million, respectively, associated with foreign tax credits. The net amounts of $38 million and

$45 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective tax rate. It is reasonably possible that over the next twelve months, that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits may change further resulting from the re-evaluation of unrecognized tax benefits arising from examinations by taxing authorities and the lapses of statutes of limitations.

Chubb recognizes accruals for interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in Income tax expense in the Consolidated statements of operations. Tax-related interest expense and penalties reported in the Consolidated statements of operations were $1 million, $8 million, and $5 million at December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. Liabilities for tax-related interest and penalties in our Consolidated balance sheets were $14 million and $16 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

In March 2017, the IRS commenced its field examination of Chubb Group Holdings’ U.S. Federal income tax returns for 2014 and 2015 which is still ongoing. In July 2020, the IRS commenced its field examination of Chubb Group Holdings' U.S. Federal income tax returns for 2016, 2017 and 2018 which is also still ongoing. No material adjustments have been proposed by the IRS for any year under examination. As a multinational company, we also have examinations under way in several foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, Chubb is no longer subject to income tax examinations for years prior to 2011.

The following table summarizes tax years open for examination by major income tax jurisdiction:


At December 31, 2021
Australia	2015	-	2021
Canada	2012	-	2021
France	2019	-	2021
Germany	2015	-	2021
Italy	2011	-	2021
Mexico	2014	-	2021
Spain	2012	-	2021
Switzerland	2016	-	2021
United Kingdom	2015	-	2021
United States	2014	-	2021

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32857-109319

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330215-122817

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 17
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32809-109319

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.5.Q1)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330036-122817

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32705-109319

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 270
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424409&loc=d3e44925-109338

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144680

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 30
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424122&loc=d3e41874-109331

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

Debt

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt


	December 31		December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		Early Redemption Option
Repurchase agreements (weighted average interest rate of 0.2% in 2021 and 0.3% in 2020)	$	1,406	$	1,405	None
Short-term debt
Chubb INA:
$1,000 million 2.875% senior notes due November 2022	$	999	$	—	Make-whole premium plus 20 bps

Total short-term debt	$	999	$	—
Long-term debt
Chubb INA:
$1,000 million 2.875% senior notes due November 2022	$	—	$	998	Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
$475 million 2.7% senior notes due March 2023	474		474		Make-whole premium plus 10 bps
$700 million 3.35% senior notes due May 2024	698		698		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
€700 million 0.3% senior notes due December 2024	787		841		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
$800 million 3.15% senior notes due March 2025	798		797		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
$1,500 million 3.35% senior notes due May 2026	1,494		1,493		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
€575 million 0.875% senior notes due June 2027	645		691		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
€900 million 1.55% senior notes due March 2028	1,009		1,079		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
$100 million 8.875% debentures due August 2029	100		100		None
€700 million 0.875% senior notes due December 2029	785		840		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
$1,000 million 1.375% senior notes due September 2030	992		991		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
€575 million 1.4% senior notes due June 2031	642		687		Make-whole premium plus 25 bps
$200 million 6.8% debentures due November 2031	238		242		Make-whole premium plus 25 bps
$300 million 6.7% senior notes due May 2036	298		298		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
$800 million 6.0% senior notes due May 2037	936		945		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
€900 million 2.5% senior notes due March 2038	1,007		1,077		Make-whole premium plus 25 bps
$600 million 6.5% senior notes due May 2038	735		743		Make-whole premium plus 30 bps
$475 million 4.15% senior notes due March 2043	470		470		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
$1,500 million 4.35% senior notes due November 2045	1,485		1,484		Make-whole premium plus 25 bps
$600 million 2.85% senior notes due December 2051	593		—		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
$1,000 million 3.05% senior notes due December 2061	983		—		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
Total long-term debt	$	15,169	$	14,948
Trust preferred securities
Chubb INA capital securities due April 2030	$	308	$	308	Redemption prices(1)

(1)Redemption prices are equal to accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date plus the greater of (i) 100 percent of the principal amount thereof, or (ii) sum of present value of scheduled payments of principal and interest on the capital securities from the redemption date to April 1, 2030.

a) Repurchase agreements

Chubb has executed repurchase agreements with certain counterparties under which Chubb agreed to sell securities and repurchase them at a future date for a predetermined price.

b) Short-term debt

Short-term debt comprises the current maturities of our long-term debt instruments described below. These short-term debt instruments were reclassified from long-term debt and are reflected in the table above.

c) Long-term debt

On November 15, 2021, Chubb INA Holdings Inc. (Chubb INA) issued $600 million of 2.85 percent senior notes due December 2051 and $1,000 million of 3.05 percent senior notes due December 2061. With the exception of the $100 million of 8.875 percent debentures due August 2029, which do not have an early redemption option, the senior notes in the table above are redeemable at any time at Chubb INA's option subject to a “make-whole” premium plus additional basis points as defined in the table above. A "make-whole" premium is the present value of the remaining principal and interest discounted at the applicable U.S. Treasury rate. These debt securities are also redeemable at par plus accrued and unpaid interest in the event of certain changes in tax law.

The senior notes and debentures do not have the benefit of any sinking fund and are guaranteed on a senior basis by Chubb Limited and they rank equally with all of Chubb's other senior obligations. They also contain customary limitations on lien provisions as well as customary events of default provisions which, if breached, could result in the accelerated maturity of such senior debt.

d) Trust preferred securities

In March 2000, ACE Capital Trust II, a Delaware statutory business trust, publicly issued $300 million of 9.7 percent Capital Securities (the Capital Securities) due to mature in April 2030. At the same time, Chubb INA purchased $9.2 million of common securities of ACE Capital Trust II. The sole assets of ACE Capital Trust II consist of $309 million principal amount of 9.7 percent Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures (the Subordinated Debentures) issued by Chubb INA due to mature in April 2030.

Distributions on the Capital Securities are payable semi-annually and may be deferred for up to ten consecutive semi-annual periods (but no later than April 1, 2030). Any deferred payments would accrue interest compounded semi-annually if Chubb INA defers interest on the Subordinated Debentures. Interest on the Subordinated Debentures is payable semi-annually. Chubb INA may defer such interest payments (but no later than April 1, 2030), with such deferred payments accruing interest compounded semi-annually. The Capital Securities and the ACE Capital Trust II Common Securities will be redeemed upon repayment of the Subordinated Debentures.

Chubb Limited has guaranteed, on a subordinated basis, Chubb INA's obligations under the Subordinated Debentures, and distributions and other payments due on the Capital Securities. These guarantees, when taken together with Chubb's obligations under expense agreements entered into with ACE Capital Trust II, provide a full and unconditional guarantee of amounts due on the Capital Securities.

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208564

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (h)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495334-112611

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495371-112611

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495371-112611

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(c))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (g)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495334-112611

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495334-112611

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1E
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495348-112611

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495371-112611

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (i)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees

a) Derivative instruments

Foreign currency management

As a global company, Chubb entities transact business in multiple currencies. Our policy is to generally match assets, liabilities, and required capital for each individual jurisdiction in local currency, which would include the use of derivatives discussed below. We do not hedge our net asset non-U.S. dollar capital positions; however, we do consider economic hedging for planned cross border transactions.

Derivative instruments employed

Chubb maintains positions in derivative instruments such as futures, options, swaps, and foreign currency forward contracts for which the primary purposes are to manage duration and foreign currency exposure, yield enhancement, or to obtain an exposure to a particular financial market. Chubb also maintains positions in convertible securities that contain embedded derivatives. Investment derivative instruments are recorded in either Other assets (OA) or Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities (AP); convertible bonds are recorded in Fixed maturities available for sale (FM AFS); and convertible equity securities are recorded in Equity securities (ES) in the Consolidated balance sheets. These are the most numerous and frequent derivative transactions. In addition, Chubb, from time to time, purchases to be announced mortgage-backed securities (TBAs) as part of its investing activities.

Under reinsurance programs covering GLBs, Chubb assumes the risk of GLBs, principally GMIB, associated with variable annuity contracts. The GMIB risk is triggered if, at the time the contract holder elects to convert the accumulated account value to a periodic payment stream (annuitize), the accumulated account value is not sufficient to provide a guaranteed minimum level of monthly income. The GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument and is classified within AP. Chubb also generally maintains positions in exchange-traded equity futures contracts on equity market indices to limit equity exposure in the GMDB and GLB book of business. All derivative instruments are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in Net realized gains (losses) in the Consolidated statements of operations. None of the derivative instruments are designated as hedges for accounting purposes. The following table presents the balance sheet locations, fair values of derivative instruments in an asset or (liability) position, and notional values/payment provisions of our derivative instruments:


		December 31, 2021							December 31, 2020
	Consolidated Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value				Notional Value/ Payment Provision			Fair Value					Notional Value/ Payment Provision
		Derivative Asset		Derivative (Liability)				Derivative Asset			Derivative (Liability)
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Investment and embedded derivative instruments:
Foreign currency forward contracts	OA / (AP)	$	25	$	(139)	$	6,182		$	22		$	(49)	$	2,807



Options/Futures contracts on notes, bonds, and equities	OA / (AP)	33		(27)		12,944			13			(3)		1,749

Convertible securities (1)	FM AFS / ES	11		—		12			9			—		11

		$	69	$	(166)	$	19,138		$	44		$	(52)	$	4,567
Other derivative instruments:
Futures contracts on equities (2)	OA / (AP)	$	—	$	(16)	$	905		$	—		$	(17)	$	709


Other	OA / (AP)	—		—		3			—			—		16
		$	—	$	(16)	$	908		$	—		$	(17)	$	725
GLB (3)	(AP)	$	—	$	(745)	$	1,432		$	—		$	(1,089)	$	1,658

(1)Includes fair value of embedded derivatives.

(2)Related to GMDB and GLB book of business.

(3)Note that the payment provision related to GLB is the net amount at risk. The concept of a notional value does not apply to the GLB reinsurance contracts.

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, net derivative liabilities of $123 million and $30 million, respectively, included in the table above were subject to a master netting agreement. The remaining derivatives included in the table above were not subject to a master netting agreement. The following table presents net realized gains (losses) related to derivative instrument activity in the Consolidated statements of operations:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Investment and embedded derivative instruments:
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	(62)	$	65	$	(79)
Interest rate swaps	—		—		(270)
All other futures contracts, options, and equities	(10)		16		(88)
Convertible securities (1)	—		—		2
Total investment and embedded derivative instruments	$	(72)	$	81	$	(435)
GLB and other derivative instruments:
GLB	$	316	$	(202)	$	(4)
Futures contracts on equities (2)	(202)		(108)		(138)

Other	(8)		1		(8)
Total GLB and other derivative instruments	$	106	$	(309)	$	(150)
	$	34	$	(228)	$	(585)

(1)Includes embedded derivatives.

(2)Related to GMDB and GLB book of business.

b) Derivative instrument objectives

(i) Foreign currency exposure management

A foreign currency forward contract (forward) is an agreement between participants to exchange specific currencies at a future date. Chubb uses forwards to minimize the effect of fluctuating foreign currencies as discussed above.

(ii) Duration management and market exposure

Futures

Futures contracts give the holder the right and obligation to participate in market movements, determined by the index or underlying security on which the futures contract is based. Settlement is made daily in cash by an amount equal to the change in value of the futures contract times a multiplier that scales the size of the contract. Exchange-traded futures contracts on money market instruments, notes and bonds are used in fixed maturity portfolios to more efficiently manage duration, as substitutes for ownership of the money market instruments, bonds and notes without significantly increasing the risk in the portfolio. Investments in futures contracts may be made only to the extent that there are assets under management not otherwise committed.

Exchange-traded equity futures contracts are used to limit exposure to a severe equity market decline, which would cause an increase in expected claims and therefore, an increase in future policy benefit reserves for GMDB and an increase in the fair value liability for GLB reinsurance business.

Options

An option contract conveys to the holder the right, but not the obligation, to purchase or sell a specified amount or value of an underlying security at a fixed price. Option contracts are used in our investment portfolio as protection against unexpected shifts in interest rates, which would affect the duration of the fixed maturity portfolio. By using options in the portfolio, the overall interest rate sensitivity of the portfolio can be reduced. Option contracts may also be used as an alternative to futures contracts in the synthetic strategy as described above.

The price of an option is influenced by the underlying security, level of interest rates, expected volatility, time to expiration, and supply and demand.

The credit risk associated with the above derivative financial instruments relates to the potential for non-performance by counterparties. Although non-performance is not anticipated, in order to minimize the risk of loss, management monitors the creditworthiness of its counterparties and obtains collateral. The performance of exchange-traded instruments is guaranteed by the exchange on which they trade. For non-exchange-traded instruments, the counterparties are principally banks which must meet certain criteria according to our investment guidelines.

Interest rate swaps

An interest rate swap is a contract between two counterparties in which interest payments are made based on a notional principal amount, which itself is never paid or received. Under the terms of an interest rate swap, one counterparty makes interest payments based on a fixed interest rate and the other counterparty’s payments are based on a floating rate. Interest rate swap contracts are used occasionally in our investment portfolio as protection against unexpected shifts in interest rates, which would affect the fair value of the fixed maturity portfolio. By using interest rate swaps in the portfolio, the overall duration or interest rate sensitivity of the portfolio can be impacted.

Cross-currency swaps

Cross-currency swaps are agreements under which two counterparties exchange interest payments and principal denominated in different currencies at a future date. We use cross-currency swaps to reduce the foreign currency and interest rate risk by converting cash flows back into local currency. We invest in foreign currency denominated investments to improve credit diversification and also to obtain better duration matching to our liabilities that is limited in the local currency market.

Other

Included within Other are derivatives intended to reduce potential losses which may arise from certain exposures in our insurance business. The economic benefit provided by these derivatives is similar to purchased reinsurance. For example, Chubb may enter into crop derivative contracts to protect underwriting results in the event of a significant decline in commodity prices.

(iii) Convertible security investments

A convertible security is a debt instrument or preferred stock that can be converted into a predetermined amount of the issuer’s equity. The convertible option is an embedded derivative within the host instruments which are classified in the investment portfolio as either available for sale or as an equity security. Chubb purchases convertible securities for their total return and not specifically for the conversion feature.

(iv) TBA

By acquiring TBAs, we make a commitment to purchase a future issuance of mortgage-backed securities. For the period between purchase of the TBAs and issuance of the underlying security, we account for our position as a derivative in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Chubb purchases TBAs, from time to time, both for their total return and for the flexibility they provide related to our mortgage-backed security strategy.

(v) GLB

Under the GLB program, as the assuming entity, Chubb is obligated to provide coverage until the expiration or maturity of the underlying deferred annuity contracts or the expiry of the reinsurance treaty. The GLB is accounted for as a derivative and is recorded at fair value. Fair value represents management’s estimate of an exit price and thus, includes a risk margin. We may recognize a realized loss for other changes in fair value due to adverse changes in the capital markets (e.g., declining interest rates and/or declining U.S. and/or international equity markets) and changes in actual or estimated future policyholder behavior (e.g., increased annuitization or decreased lapse rates) although we expect the business to be profitable.

To mitigate adverse changes in the capital markets, we maintain positions in exchange-traded equity futures contracts, as noted under section "(ii) Futures" above. These futures increase in fair value when the S&P 500 index decreases (and decrease in fair value when the S&P 500 index increases). The net impact of gains or losses related to changes in fair value of the GLB liability and the exchange-traded equity futures are included in Net realized gains (losses).

c) Securities lending and secured borrowings

Chubb participates in a securities lending program operated by a third-party banking institution whereby certain assets are loaned to qualified borrowers and from which we earn an incremental return. The securities lending collateral can only be drawn down by Chubb in the event that the institution borrowing the securities is in default under the lending agreement. An indemnification agreement with the lending agent protects us in the event a borrower becomes insolvent or fails to return any of the securities on loan. The collateral is recorded in Securities lending collateral and the liability is recorded in Securities lending payable in the Consolidated balance sheets. The following table presents the carrying value of collateral held under securities lending agreements by investment category and remaining contractual maturity of the underlying agreements:


	Remaining contractual maturity
	December 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Overnight and Continuous
Collateral held under securities lending agreements:
Cash	$	931	$	551
U.S. Treasury / Agency	128		148
Non-U.S.	752		1,032
Corporate and asset-backed securities	12		30
Mortgage-backed securities	1		4

Equity securities	7		79

	$	1,831	$	1,844
Gross amount of recognized liability for securities lending payable	$	1,831	$	1,844

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, our repurchase agreement obligations of $1,406 million and $1,405 million, respectively, were fully collateralized. In contrast to securities lending programs, the use of cash received is not restricted for the repurchase obligations. The fair value of the underlying securities sold remains in Fixed maturities available for sale, and the repurchase agreement obligation is recorded in Repurchase agreements in the Consolidated balance sheets.

The following table presents the carrying value of collateral pledged under repurchase agreements by investment category and remaining contractual maturity of the underlying agreements:


	Remaining contractual maturity
	December 31, 2021							December 31, 2020
	30-90 Days		Greater than 90 Days					30-90 Days		Greater than 90 Days		Total
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Total
Collateral pledged under repurchase agreements:
Cash	$	—	$	29		$	29	$	—	$	4	$	4
U.S. Treasury / Agency	103		—			103		—		106		106


Mortgage-backed securities	—		1,288			1,288		481		871		1,352


	$	103	$	1,317		$	1,420	$	481	$	981	$	1,462
Gross amount of recognized liabilities for repurchase agreements						$	1,406					$	1,405
Difference (1)						$	14					$	57

(1)Per the repurchase agreements, the amount of collateral posted is required to exceed the amount of gross liability.

Potential risks exist in our secured borrowing transactions due to market conditions and counterparty exposure. With collateral that we pledge, there is a risk that the collateral may not be returned at the expiration of the agreement. If the counterparty fails to return the collateral, Chubb will have free use of the borrowed funds until our collateral is returned. In addition, we may encounter the risk that Chubb may not be able to renew outstanding borrowings with a new term or with an existing counterparty due to market conditions including a decrease in demand as well as more restrictive terms from banks due to increased regulatory and capital constraints. Should this condition occur, Chubb may seek alternative borrowing sources or reduce borrowings. Additionally, increased margins and collateral requirements due to market conditions would increase our restricted assets as we are required to provide additional collateral to support the transaction.

d) Concentrations of credit risk

Our investment portfolio is managed following prudent standards of diversification. Specific provisions limit the allowable holdings of a single issue and issuer. We believe that there are no significant concentrations of credit risk associated with our investments. Our three largest corporate exposures by issuer at December 31, 2021, were Wells Fargo & Co., Bank of America Corp, and JP Morgan Chase & Co. Our largest exposure by industry at December 31, 2021 was financial services.

We market our insurance and reinsurance worldwide primarily through insurance and reinsurance brokers. We assume a degree of credit risk associated with brokers with whom we transact business. Approximately 12 percent of our gross premiums written was generated from or placed by Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc., for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019. This entity is a large, well-established company, and there are no indications that it is financially troubled at December 31, 2021. No other broker or one insured accounted for more than 10 percent of our gross premiums written for these years.

e) Fixed maturities

At December 31, 2021, we have commitments to purchase fixed income securities of $771 million over the next several years.

At December 31, 2021, we entered into an off-balance sheet agreement with a third party to guarantee that party's commitment to purchase $500 million of a certain portfolio of securities in the event the third party does not purchase the portfolio. Chubb earns a fee on this agreement. The term of the agreement is 90 days and subject to renewal.

f) Other investments

At December 31, 2021, included in Other investments in the Consolidated balance sheet are investments in limited partnerships and partially-owned investment companies with a carrying value of $9.8 billion. In connection with these investments, we have commitments that may require funding of up to $7.2 billion over the next several years. At December 31, 2020, these investments had a carrying value of $6.5 billion with a commitment that may require funding of up to $3.2 billion.

g) Letters of credit

We have access to capital markets and to credit facilities with letter of credit capacity of $3.7 billion with a sub-limit of $1.9 billion for revolving credit. Our existing credit facilities have remaining terms expiring through October 2022. At December 31, 2021, our LOC usage was $1.4 billion.

h) Legal proceedings

Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to claims litigation involving disputed interpretations of policy coverages and, in some jurisdictions, direct actions by allegedly-injured persons seeking damages from policyholders. These lawsuits, involving claims on policies issued by our subsidiaries which are typical to the insurance industry in general and in the normal course of business, are considered in our loss and loss expense reserves. In addition to claims litigation, we are subject to lawsuits and regulatory actions in the normal course of business that do not arise from or directly relate to claims on insurance policies. This category of business litigation typically involves, among other things, allegations of underwriting errors or misconduct, employment claims, regulatory activity, or disputes arising from our business ventures. In the opinion of management, our ultimate liability for these matters could be, but we believe is not likely to be, material to our consolidated financial condition and results of operations.

i) Lease commitments

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the right-of-use asset was $445 million and $473 million, respectively, recorded within Other assets on the Consolidated balance sheets, and the lease liability was $484 million and $517 million, respectively, which was recorded within Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities on the Consolidated balance sheets. These leases consist principally of real estate operating leases that are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, which expire at various dates. As of December 31, 2021, the weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate for the operating leases was 4.9 years and 2.1 percent, respectively. Rent expense was $149 million, $152 million, and $171 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

Future minimum lease payments under the operating leases are expected to be as follows:


For the years ending December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Undiscounted cash flows:
2022	$	142
2023	117
2024	88
2025	58
2026	51
Thereafter	57
Total undiscounted lease payments	$	513
Less: Present value adjustment	29
Net lease liabilities reported as of December 31, 2021	$	484

As of December 31, 2021, we entered into an operating lease for office space that is expected to commence in 2023 for 21 years. This lease is not yet recorded on our Consolidated balance sheets and is not included in the total obligations referenced above. The total future cash requirement, undiscounted, is approximately $650 million.

Shareholders' equity note

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Shareholders' equity

Shareholders’ equity

a) Common Shares

All of Chubb’s Common Shares are authorized under Swiss corporate law. Though the par value of Common Shares is stated in Swiss francs, Chubb continues to use U.S. dollars as its reporting currency for preparing the Consolidated Financial Statements. Under Swiss corporate law, we are generally prohibited from issuing Common Shares below their par value. If there were a need to raise common equity at a time when the trading price of Chubb's Common Shares is below par value, we would need in advance to obtain shareholder approval to decrease the par value of the Common Shares.

Dividend approval

At our May 2021 annual general meeting, our shareholders approved an annual dividend for the following year of up to $3.20 per share, expected to be paid in four quarterly installments of $0.80 per share after the annual general meeting by way of distribution from capital contribution reserves, transferred to free reserves for payment. The Board of Directors (Board) will determine the record and payment dates at which the annual dividend may be paid until the date of the 2022 annual general meeting, and is authorized to abstain from distributing a dividend at its discretion. The first three quarterly installments each of $0.80 per share, have been distributed by the Board as expected.

At our May 2020 and 2019 annual general meetings, our shareholders approved annual dividends for the following year of up to $3.12 per share and $3.00 per share, respectively, which were paid in four quarterly installments of $0.78 per share and $0.75 per share, respectively, at dates determined by the Board after the annual general meeting by way of a distribution from capital contribution reserves, transferred to free reserves for payment.

Dividend distributions

Under Swiss corporate law, dividends must be stated in Swiss francs though dividend payments are made by Chubb in U.S. dollars. We issue dividends without subjecting them to withholding tax by way of distributions from capital contribution reserves and payment out of free reserves.

The following table presents dividend distributions per Common Share in Swiss francs (CHF) and U.S. dollars (USD):


	Year Ended December 31
		2021			2020			2019
	CHF	USD		CHF	USD		CHF	USD
Total dividend distributions per common share	2.88	$	3.18	2.89	$	3.09	2.94	$	2.98

b) Shares issued, outstanding, authorized, and conditional


	Year Ended December 31
	2021	2020	2019
Common Shares authorized and issued, beginning of year	477,605,264	479,783,864	479,783,864
Cancellation of treasury shares	(3,584,150)	(2,178,600)	—
Common Shares authorized and issued, end of year	474,021,114	477,605,264	479,783,864
Common Shares in treasury, beginning of year (at cost)	(26,872,639)	(27,812,297)	(20,580,486)
Net shares issued under employee share-based compensation plans	3,484,487	2,345,208	3,210,427
Shares repurchased	(27,644,500)	(3,584,150)	(10,442,238)
Cancellation of treasury shares	3,584,150	2,178,600	—
Common Shares in treasury, end of year (at cost)	(47,448,502)	(26,872,639)	(27,812,297)
Common Shares outstanding, end of year	426,572,612	450,732,625	451,971,567

Increases in Common Shares in treasury are due to open market repurchases of Common Shares and the surrender of Common Shares to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock and the forfeiture of unvested restricted stock. Decreases in Common Shares in treasury are principally due to grants of restricted stock, exercises of stock options, purchases under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP), and share cancellations. At our May 2021 annual general meeting, our shareholders approved the cancellation of 3,584,150 shares purchased under our share repurchase program during 2020. The capital reduction by cancellation of shares was subject to publication requirements and a two-month waiting

period in accordance with Swiss law and became effective August 4, 2021. At our May 2020 annual general meeting, our shareholders approved the cancellation of 2,178,600 shares purchased under our share repurchase program during the period beginning September 23, 2019 and ending December 31, 2019. The capital reduction by cancellation of shares was subject to publication requirements and a two-month waiting period in accordance with Swiss law and became effective August 3, 2020. At the Chubb Limited Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders, held on November 3, 2021, shareholders approved the cancellation of 14,465,400 shares repurchased under our share repurchase program during the first six months of 2021. The capital reduction by cancellation of shares was subject to publication requirements and a two-month waiting period in accordance with Swiss law and became effective on January 17, 2022.

Authorized share capital for general purposes under Swiss law

In accordance with Swiss law, the Board has shareholder-approved authority as set forth in the Articles of Association to increase Chubb's share capital from time to time until May 20, 2022, by the issuance for general purposes of up to 200,000,000 fully paid up Common Shares, with a par value equal to the par value of Chubb's Common Shares as set forth in the Articles of Association at the time of any such issuance. Any such increases would be subject to Swiss rules and procedure.

Conditional share capital for bonds and similar debt instruments

Chubb's share capital may be increased through the issuance of a maximum of 33,000,000 fully paid up Common Shares (with a par value of CHF 24.15 as of December 31, 2021) through the exercise of conversion and/or option or warrant rights granted in connection with bonds, notes, or similar instruments, issued or to be issued by Chubb, including convertible debt instruments.

Conditional share capital for employee benefit plans

Chubb's share capital may be increased through the issuance of a maximum of 25,410,929 fully paid up Common Shares (with a par value of CHF 24.15 as of December 31, 2021) in connection with the exercise of option rights granted to any employee of Chubb, director or other person providing services to Chubb.

c) Chubb Limited securities repurchases

From time to time, we repurchase shares as part of our capital management program and to partially offset potential dilution from the exercise of stock options and the granting of restricted stock under share-based compensation plans. The Board has authorized share repurchase programs as follows:

•$1.5 billion of Chubb Common Shares from December 1, 2018 through December 31, 2019

•$1.5 billion of Chubb Common Shares from November 21, 2019 through December 31, 2020

•$1.5 billion of Chubb Common Shares from November 19, 2020 through December 31, 2021

In February 2021, the Board approved an increase to the November 2020 share repurchase program of $1.0 billion to a total of $2.5 billion, effective through December 31, 2021. On July 19, 2021, the Board authorized a one-time incremental share repurchase program of up to $5.0 billion through June 30, 2022, which is the only board authorization currently in effect.

Share repurchases may be in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, block trades, accelerated repurchases and through option or other forward transactions. The following table presents repurchases of Chubb's Common Shares conducted in a series of open market transactions under the Board authorizations:


	Year Ended December 31						January 1, 2022 through
(in millions of U.S. dollars, except share data)	2021		2020		2019		February 23, 2022
Number of shares repurchased	27,644,500		3,584,150		10,442,238		1,966,600
Cost of shares repurchased	$	4,861	$	516	$	1,531	$	405

d) General restrictions

The holders of the Common Shares are entitled to receive dividends as approved by the shareholders. Holders of Common Shares are allowed one vote per share provided that, if the controlled shares of any shareholder constitute ten percent or more of the outstanding Common Shares of Chubb, only a fraction of the vote will be allowed so as not to exceed ten percent in aggregate. Entry of acquirers of Common Shares as shareholders with voting rights in the share register may be refused if it would confer voting rights with respect to ten percent or more of the registered share capital recorded in the commercial register.

The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496158-112644

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496158-112644

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496171-112644

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496171-112644

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120397183&loc=d3e187085-122770

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496189-112644

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (g)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496158-112644

Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208762

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496189-112644

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (h)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496158-112644

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496171-112644

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496189-112644

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 16
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496180-112644

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (i)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123467817&loc=SL123496158-112644

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(e)(1))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Share-based compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Share-based compensation

Chubb has share-based compensation plans which currently provide the Board the ability to grant awards of stock options, restricted stock, and restricted stock units to its employees and members of the Board.

In May 2021, our shareholders approved the Chubb Limited 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended and restated (the Amended 2016 LTIP). Under the Amended 2016 LTIP, Common Shares of Chubb are authorized to be issued pursuant to awards including stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance shares, performance units, restricted stock, and restricted stock units.

Chubb principally issues restricted stock grants and stock options on a graded vesting schedule, with equal percentages of the award subject to vesting over a number of years (typically three or four). Chubb recognizes compensation cost for vesting of restricted stock and stock option grants with only service conditions on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award as if the award were, in-substance, multiple awards. We incorporate an estimate of future forfeitures in determining compensation cost for both grants of restricted stock and stock options.

In addition, Chubb grants performance-based restricted stock to certain executives that vest based on certain performance criteria as compared to a defined group of peer companies. Performance-based stock awards comprise target awards and premium awards that cliff vest at the end of a 3-year performance period based on both our tangible book value (shareholders' equity less goodwill and intangible assets, net of tax) per share growth and P&C combined ratio compared to our peer group. Premium awards are subject to an additional vesting provision based on total shareholder return (TSR) compared to our peer group. Shares representing target awards and premium awards are issued when the awards are approved and are subject to forfeiture if applicable performance criteria are not met at the end of the 3-year performance period. Prior to January 2017, performance-based restricted stock awards had a 4-year vesting period with the potential to vest as to a portion each year, and excluded the P&C combined ratio and TSR additional vesting criteria.

Under the Amended 2016 LTIP, 32,900,000 Common Shares are authorized to be issued (which includes all shares available for delivery since the establishment of the Chubb Limited 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan in 2016). This is in addition to any shares subject to awards outstanding under the ACE Limited 2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan (2004 LTIP) immediately prior to the effective date of the Amended 2016 LTIP that are forfeited, expired or canceled after such effective date without delivery of shares (or which result in forfeiture of shares back to Chubb). At December 31, 2021, a total of 18,040,720 shares remain available for future issuance under the Amended 2016 LTIP, which includes shares forfeited, expired or canceled relating to grants under the 2004 LTIP.

Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP), 6,500,000 shares are authorized to be issued. At December 31, 2021, a total of 1,086,822 shares remain available for issuance under the ESPP.

Chubb generally issues Common Shares for the exercise of stock options, restricted stock, and purchases under the ESPP from Common Shares in treasury.

The following table presents pre-tax and after-tax share-based compensation expense:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Stock options and shares issued under ESPP:
Pre-tax	$	55	$	45	$	42
After-tax (1)	$	36	$	38	$	39
Restricted stock:
Pre-tax	$	210	$	210	$	224
After-tax (1)	$	164	$	164	$	180

(1)The windfall tax benefit recorded to Income tax expense in the Consolidated statement of operations was $19 million, $10 million, and $12 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

Unrecognized compensation expense related to the unvested portion of Chubb's employee share-based awards of restricted stock, restricted stock units, and stock options was $263 million at December 31, 2021 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 1.5 years.

Stock options

Both incentive and non-qualified stock options are principally granted at an option price per share equal to the grant date fair value of Chubb's Common Shares. Stock options are generally granted with a 3-year vesting period and a 10-year term. Stock options vest in equal annual installments over the respective vesting period, which is also the requisite service period.

Chubb's 2021 share-based compensation expense includes a portion of the cost related to the 2018 through 2021 stock option grants. Stock option fair value was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model that uses the weighted-average assumptions noted below:


	Year Ended December 31
	2021		2020		2019
Dividend yield	1.9	%	2.1	%	2.2	%
Expected volatility	26.0	%	18.0	%	16.0	%
Risk-free interest rate	1.0	%	1.2	%	2.6	%
Expected life	5.8 years		5.7 years		5.7 years

The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The expected life (estimated period of time from grant to exercise date) is estimated using the historical exercise behavior of employees. The expected volatility is calculated as a blend of (a) historical volatility based on daily closing prices over a period equal to the expected life assumption and (b) implied volatility derived from Chubb's publicly traded options.

The following table presents a roll-forward of Chubb's stock options:


(Intrinsic Value in millions of U.S. dollars)	Number of Options	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Fair Value		Total Intrinsic Value
Options outstanding, December 31, 2018	11,007,722	$	108.25
Granted	2,073,940	$	133.90	$	18.76
Exercised	(1,944,604)	$	84.13			$	122
Forfeited and expired	(251,801)	$	136.87
Options outstanding, December 31, 2019	10,885,257	$	116.79
Granted	1,958,279	$	150.10	$	19.89
Exercised	(1,158,633)	$	86.90			$	76
Forfeited and expired	(206,720)	$	138.77
Options outstanding, December 31, 2020	11,478,183	$	125.09
Granted	1,805,234	$	164.89	$	33.05
Exercised	(2,284,795)	$	112.12			$	140
Forfeited and expired	(236,135)	$	150.16
Options outstanding, December 31, 2021	10,762,487	$	133.94			$	639
Options exercisable, December 31, 2021	7,278,516	$	124.03			$	504

The weighted-average remaining contractual term was 5.9 years for stock options outstanding and 4.7 years for stock options exercisable at December 31, 2021. Cash received from the exercise of stock options for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $253 million.

Restricted stock and restricted stock units

Grants of restricted stock and restricted stock units awarded under the Amended 2016 LTIP typically have a 4-year vesting period, subject to vesting as to one-quarter of the award each anniversary of grant. Restricted stock and restricted stock units are principally granted at market close price on the day of grant. Each restricted stock unit represents our obligation to deliver to the holder one Common Share upon vesting.

Chubb also grants restricted stock awards to non-management directors which vest at the following year's annual general meeting.

Chubb's 2021 share-based compensation expense includes a portion of the cost related to the restricted stock granted in the years 2017 through 2021.

The following table presents a roll-forward of our restricted stock awards. Included in the roll-forward below are 15,586 restricted stock awards, 27,679 restricted stock awards, and 19,019 restricted stock awards that were granted to non-management directors during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively:


	Service-based Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units			Performance-based Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units
	Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value		Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested restricted stock, December 31, 2018	3,294,849	$	134.17	911,230	$	127.27
Granted	1,492,900	$	134.38	212,059	$	133.90
Vested	(1,292,864)	$	129.18	(196,640)	$	115.62
Forfeited	(200,875)	$	135.98	(50,437)	$	132.36
Unvested restricted stock, December 31, 2019	3,294,010	$	136.20	876,212	$	131.16
Granted	1,425,667	$	148.56	186,291	$	151.14
Vested	(1,304,308)	$	134.02	(490,185)	$	125.66
Forfeited	(152,074)	$	140.72	—	$	—
Unvested restricted stock, December 31, 2020	3,263,295	$	142.32	572,318	$	142.38
Granted	1,288,042	$	165.32	294,315	$	164.75
Vested	(1,283,185)	$	140.62	(169,442)	$	143.07
Forfeited	(216,341)	$	150.19	—	$	—
Unvested restricted stock, December 31, 2021	3,051,811	$	152.19	697,191	$	151.74

Prior to 2009, legacy ACE granted restricted stock units with a 1-year vesting period to non-management directors. Delivery of Common Shares on account of these restricted stock units to non-management directors is deferred until after the date of the non-management directors' termination from the Board. Legacy Chubb Corp historically allowed directors and certain key employees of Chubb Corp and its subsidiaries to defer a portion of their compensation earned with respect to services performed in the form of deferred stock units. In addition, legacy Chubb Corp provided supplemental retirement benefits for certain employees through its Defined Contribution Excess Benefit Plan in the form of deferred shares of stock. The minimum vesting period under these legacy Chubb Corp deferred plans was 1-year and the maximum was 3-years. Employees and directors had the option to elect to receive their awards at a future specified date or upon their termination of service with Chubb. At December 31, 2021, there were 139,587 deferred restricted stock units.

ESPP

The ESPP gives participating employees the right to purchase Common Shares through payroll deductions during consecutive subscription periods at a purchase price of 85 percent of the fair value of a Common Share on the exercise date (Purchase Price). Annual purchases by participants are limited to the number of whole shares that can be purchased by an amount equal to ten percent of the participant's compensation or $25,000, whichever is less. The ESPP has two six-month subscription periods each year, the first of which runs between January 1 and June 30 and the second of which runs between July 1 and December 31. The amounts collected from participants during a subscription period are used on the exercise date to purchase

full shares of Common Shares. An exercise date is generally the last trading day of a subscription period. The number of shares purchased is equal to the total amount, at the exercise date, collected from the participants through payroll deductions for that subscription period, divided by the Purchase Price, rounded down to the next full share. Participants may withdraw from an offering before the exercise date and obtain a refund of amounts withheld through payroll deductions. Pursuant to the provisions of the ESPP, during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, employees paid $47 million, $45 million, and $41 million to purchase 315,405 shares, 383,751 shares, and 321,800 shares, respectively.

Postretirement benefits

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Postretirement benefits

Chubb provides postretirement benefits to eligible employees and their dependents through various defined contribution plans sponsored by Chubb. In addition, for certain employees, Chubb sponsors other postretirement benefit plans, and prior to 2020, Chubb sponsored defined benefit pension plans.

Defined contribution plans (including 401(k))

Under these plans, employees' contributions may be supplemented by Chubb matching contributions based on the level of employee contribution. These contributions are invested at the election of each employee in one or more of several investment portfolios offered by a third-party investment advisor. Expenses for these plans totaled $214 million, $211 million, and $171 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

Defined benefit pension plans

We maintain non-contributory defined benefit pension plans that cover certain employees located in the U.S., U.K., Canada, and various other statutorily required countries. We account for pension benefits using the accrual method. Benefits under these plans are based on employees' years of service and compensation during final years of service. All underlying plans are subject to periodic actuarial valuations by qualified actuarial firms using actuarial models to calculate the expense and liability for each plan. We use December 31 as the measurement date for our defined benefit pension plans.

Under the Chubb Corp plans, prior to 2001, benefits were generally based on an employee’s years of service and average compensation during the last five years of employment. Effective January 1, 2001, the formula for providing pension benefits was changed from the final average pay formula to a cash balance formula. Under the cash balance formula, a notional account is established for each employee, which is credited semi-annually with an amount equal to a percentage of eligible compensation based on age and years of service plus interest based on the account balance. Chubb Corp employees hired prior to 2001 will generally be eligible to receive vested benefits based on the higher of the final average pay or cash balance formulas.

Other postretirement benefit plans

Our assumption of Chubb Corp's other postretirement benefit plans, principally healthcare and life insurance, covers retired employees, their beneficiaries, and covered dependents. Healthcare coverage is contributory. Retiree contributions vary based upon the retiree’s age, type of coverage, and years of service requirements. Life insurance coverage is non-contributory. Chubb funds a portion of the healthcare benefits obligation where such funding can be accomplished on a tax-effective basis. Benefits are paid as covered expenses are incurred. We use December 31 as the measurement date for our postretirement benefit plans.

Amendments to U.S. qualified and excess pension plans and U.S. retiree healthcare plan

In 2016, we harmonized and amended several of our U.S. retirement programs to create a unified retirement savings program. In 2020, we transitioned from a traditional defined benefit pension program that had been in effect for certain employees to a defined contribution program. Additionally, after 2025, we plan to eliminate a subsidized U.S. retiree healthcare and life insurance plan that is currently in place for certain employees. Both amendments required a remeasurement of the plan assets and benefit obligations with updated assumptions, including discount rates and the expected return on assets. The amendment of the retiree healthcare plan resulted in a reduction in the obligation of $383 million, of which $410 million was amortized as a reduction to expense through June 2021 as it relates to benefits already accrued. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, $26 million, $79 million, and $79 million, respectively, were amortized as a reduction to expense.

Obligations and funded status

The funded status of the pension and other postretirement benefit plans as well as the amounts recognized in the Consolidated balance sheets and Accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2021 and 2020 was as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans								Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
	2021				2020				2021		2020
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Benefit obligation, beginning of year	$	3,967	$	1,199	$	3,569	$	1,042	$	86	$	103

Service cost	—		4		—		4		1		1
Interest cost	70		19		99		22		1		2
Actuarial loss (gain)	(161)		(47)		441		135		(10)		1
Benefits paid	(133)		(33)		(127)		(31)		(15)		(20)

Curtailments	—		—		—		(2)		—		—
Settlements	(11)		—		(15)		—		—		—
Foreign currency revaluation and other	—		(20)		—		29		(1)		(1)
Benefit obligation, end of year	$	3,732	$	1,122	$	3,967	$	1,199	$	62	$	86
Plan assets at fair value, beginning of year	$	3,739	$	1,284	$	3,301	$	1,141	$	120	$	152

Actual return on plan assets	543		83		563		126		(1)		6
Employer contributions	13		8		17		19		15		1
Benefits paid	(133)		(33)		(127)		(31)		(15)		(39)
Settlements	(11)		—		(15)		—		—		—
Foreign currency revaluation and other	—		(24)		—		29		—		—
Plan assets at fair value, end of year	$	4,151	$	1,318	$	3,739	$	1,284	$	119	$	120
Funded status at end of year	$	419	$	196	$	(228)	$	85	$	57	$	34
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated balance sheets:
Assets	$	492	$	214	$	—	$	85	$	77	$	34
Liabilities	(73)		(18)		(228)		—		(20)		—
Total	$	419	$	196	$	(228)	$	85	$	57	$	34
Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income, pre-tax, not yet recognized in net periodic cost (benefit):
Net actuarial loss (gain)	$	(375)	$	73	$	78	$	163	$	(10)	$	(5)
Prior service cost (benefit)	—		9		—		9		(5)		(31)
Total	$	(375)	$	82	$	78	$	172	$	(15)	$	(36)

For the U.S. pension plans, the $161 million actuarial gain and $441 million actuarial loss experienced in 2021 and 2020, respectively, were principally driven by the change in the discount rates.

The accumulated benefit obligation for the pension benefit plans was $4.8 billion and $5.1 billion at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The accumulated benefit obligation is the present value of pension benefits earned as of the measurement date based on employee service and compensation prior to that date. It differs from the pension (projected) benefit obligation in the table above in that the accumulated benefit obligation includes no assumptions regarding future compensation levels.

Chubb’s funding policy is to contribute amounts that meet regulatory requirements plus additional amounts determined based on actuarial valuations, market conditions and other factors. All benefit plans satisfy minimum funding requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA).

The following table provides information on pension plans where the benefit obligation is in excess of plan assets at December 31, 2021 and 2020:


	2021				2020
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Plans with projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
Projected benefit obligation	$	73	$	418	$	3,967	$	629
Fair value of plan assets	—		400		3,739		568
Net funded status	$	(73)	$	(18)	$	(228)	$	(61)
Plans with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	73	$	380	$	3,967	$	593
Fair value of plan assets	$	—	$	367	$	3,739	$	565

For other postretirement benefit plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets, the accumulated benefit obligation was $20 million and $23 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These plans have no plan assets.

At December 31, 2021, we estimate that we will contribute $17 million to the pension plans and $1 million to the other postretirement benefits plan in 2022. The estimate is subject to change due to contribution decisions that are affected by various factors including our liquidity, market performance and management discretion.

At December 31, 2021, our estimated expected future benefit payments are as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans				Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
For the years ending December 31	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
2022	$	168	$	30	$	19
2023	173		30		15
2024	177		30		11
2025	182		32		6
2026	185		33		1
2027-2031	964		193		5

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine the projected benefit obligation were as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		Other Postretirement Benefit Plans

December 31, 2021
Discount rate	2.75	%	2.23	%	2.06	%
Rate of compensation increase (1)	N/A		3.63	%	N/A
Interest crediting rate	4.10	%
December 31, 2020
Discount rate	2.32	%	1.80	%	1.36	%
Rate of compensation increase (1)	N/A		3.24	%	N/A
Interest crediting rate	4.10	%

(1) For the U.S. Pension Plans, benefit accruals were frozen as of December 31, 2019.

The projected benefit cash flows were discounted using the corresponding spot rates derived from a yield curve, which resulted in a single discount rate that would produce the same liability at the respective measurement dates. The same process was applied to service cost cash flows to determine the discount rate associated with the service cost. In general, the discount rates for the non-U.S. plans were developed using a similar methodology by using country-specific yield curves.

The components of net pension and other postretirement benefit costs (benefits) reflected in Net income and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income were as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans												Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
	U.S. Plans						Non-U.S. Plans
Year Ended December 31	2021		2020		2019		2021		2020		2019		2021		2020		2019
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Costs reflected in Net income, pre-tax:
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	49	$	4	$	4	$	11	$	1	$	1	$	—
Non-service cost (benefit):
Interest cost	70		99		118		19		22		27		1		2		4
Expected return on plan assets	(255)		(224)		(189)		(44)		(41)		(45)		(1)		(5)		(4)
Amortization of net actuarial loss	—		—		—		4		2		3		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost	—		—		—		—		—		—		(26)		(83)		(84)
Curtailments	—		—		—		—		(1)		(1)		—		—		—
Settlements	3		3		2		—		—		1		—		—		—
Total non-service cost (benefit)	(182)		(122)		(69)		(21)		(18)		(15)		(26)		(86)		(84)
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)	$	(182)	$	(122)	$	(20)	$	(17)	$	(14)	$	(4)	$	(25)	$	(85)	$	(84)
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income
Net actuarial loss (gain)	$	(450)	$	102	$	(4)	$	(86)	$	56	$	6	$	(5)	$	(2)	$	(2)
Prior service cost (benefit)	—		—		—		—		—		1		—		—		—
Amortization of net actuarial loss	—		—		—		(4)		(2)		(3)		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost	—		—		—		—		(1)		—		26		83		84
Curtailments	—		—		—		—		(1)		(3)		—		—		—
Settlements	(3)		(3)		(2)		—		—		(1)		—		—		—
Total decrease (increase) in other comprehensive income, pre-tax	$	(453)	$	99	$	(6)	$	(90)	$	52	$	—	$	21	$	81	$	82

The line items in which the service cost and non-service cost (benefit) components of net periodic benefit cost (benefit) are included in the Consolidated statements of operations were as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans						Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
Year Ended December 31	2021		2020		2019		2021		2020		2019
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Service cost:
Losses and loss expenses	$	—	$	—	$	6	$	—	$	—	$	—
Administrative expenses	4		4		54		1		1		—
Total service cost	4		4		60		1		1		—
Non-service cost (benefit):
Losses and loss expenses	(18)		(12)		(7)		(3)		(9)		(8)
Administrative expenses	(185)		(128)		(77)		(23)		(77)		(76)
Total non-service cost (benefit)	(203)		(140)		(84)		(26)		(86)		(84)
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)	$	(199)	$	(136)	$	(24)	$	(25)	$	(85)	$	(84)

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine the net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit costs were as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
Year Ended December 31
2021
Discount rate in effect for determining service cost	N/A		5.58	%	2.53	%
Discount rate in effect for determining interest cost	1.81	%	1.57	%	1.23	%
Rate of compensation increase	N/A		3.24	%	N/A
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets	7.00	%	3.37	%	1.00	%
Interest crediting rate	4.10	%	N/A		N/A
2020
Discount rate in effect for determining service cost	N/A		6.04	%	3.00	%
Discount rate in effect for determining interest cost	2.85	%	2.24	%	2.64	%
Rate of compensation increase	N/A		3.26	%	N/A
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets	7.00	%	3.83	%	3.00	%
Interest crediting rate	4.10	%	N/A		N/A
2019
Discount rate in effect for determining service cost	4.23	%	4.48	%	4.04	%
Discount rate in effect for determining interest cost	3.94	%	2.88	%	3.69	%
Rate of compensation increase	4.00	%	3.37	%	N/A
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets	7.00	%	4.40	%	3.00	%
Interest crediting rate	4.10	%	N/A		N/A

The weighted-average healthcare cost trend rate assumptions used to measure the expected cost of healthcare benefits were as follows:


	U.S. Plans						Non-U.S. Plans
	2021		2020		2019		2021		2020		2019
Healthcare cost trend rate	5.59	%	5.96	%	6.32	%	5.26	%	5.04	%	5.24	%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)	4.50	%	4.50	%	4.50	%	4.00	%	4.00	%	4.00	%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate	2038		2038		2038		2040		2040		2040

Plan Assets

The long term objective of the pension plan is to provide sufficient funding to cover expected benefit obligations, while assuming a prudent level of portfolio risk. The assets of the pension plan are invested, either directly or through pooled funds, in a diversified portfolio of predominately equity securities and fixed maturities. We seek to obtain a rate of return that over time equals or exceeds the returns of the broad markets in which the plan assets are invested. The target allocation of U.S. plan assets is 55 percent to 65 percent invested in equity securities (including certain other investments measured using NAV), with the remainder primarily invested in fixed maturities. The target allocation of non-U.S. plans varies by country, but the plan assets are principally invested in fixed maturities. We rebalance our pension assets to the target allocation as market conditions permit. We determined the expected long term rate of return assumption for each asset class based on an analysis of the historical returns and the expectations for future returns. The expected long term rate of return for the portfolio is a weighted aggregation of the expected returns for each asset class.

In order to minimize risk, the Plan maintains a listing of permissible and prohibited investments. In addition, the Plan has certain concentration limits and investment quality requirements imposed on permissible investments options. Investment risk is measured and monitored on an ongoing basis.

The following tables present the fair values of the pension plan assets, by valuation hierarchy. For additional information on how we classify these assets within the valuation hierarchy, refer to Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.


December 31, 2021	Pension Benefit Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
U.S. Plans:
Short-term investments	$	33	$	—	$	—	$	33
U.S. Treasury / Agency	380		92		—		472
Non-U.S. and corporate bonds	—		923		—		923
Municipal	—		4		—		4
Equity securities	1,871		—		1		1,872
Investment derivative instruments	3		—		—		3
Total U.S. Plan assets (1)	$	2,287	$	1,019	$	1	$	3,307
Non-U.S. Plans:
Short-term investments	$	5	$	—	$	—	$	5
Non-U.S. and corporate bonds	—		679		—		679
Equity securities	153		291		—		444
Total Non-U.S. Plan assets (1)	$	158	$	970	$	—	$	1,128

(1)Excluded from the table above are $542 million and $175 million of other investments related to the U.S. Plans and Non-U.S. Plans, respectively, limited partnerships of $175 million and $15 million in U.S. Plans and Non-U.S. Plans, respectively, measured using NAV as a practical expedient, and $127 million in cash and accrued income related to the U.S. Plans.


December 31, 2020	Pension Benefit Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
U.S. Plans:
Short-term investments	$	59	$	—	$	—	$	59
U.S. Treasury / Agency	250		186		—		436
Non-U.S. and corporate bonds	—		793		—		793
Municipal	—		2		—		2
Equity securities	1,818		—		—		1,818
Total U.S. Plan assets (1)	$	2,127	$	981	$	—	$	3,108
Non-U.S. Plans:
Short-term investments	$	5	$	—	$	—	$	5
Non-U.S. and corporate bonds	—		609		—		609
Equity securities	127		388		—		515
Total Non-U.S. Plan assets (1)	$	132	$	997	$	—	$	1,129

(1)Excluded from the table above are $543 million and $147 million of other investments related to the U.S. Plans and Non-U.S. Plans, respectively, limited partnerships of $74 million and $8 million in U.S. Plans and Non-U.S. Plans, respectively, measured using NAV as a practical expedient, and $14 million in cash related to the U.S. Plans.

The other postretirement benefit plan had $119 million and $120 million of other investments measured using NAV as a practical expedient at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The entire disclosure for retirement benefits.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section 55
-Paragraph 17
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123450688&loc=d3e4179-114921

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=21916913&loc=d3e273930-122802

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)(i)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123447040&loc=d3e1928-114920

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (o)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123447040&loc=d3e1928-114920

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (p)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123447040&loc=d3e1928-114920

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 70
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=49170846&loc=d3e28014-114942

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2235017

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 60
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6414203&loc=d3e39689-114964

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)(iv)(03)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123447040&loc=d3e1928-114920

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (q)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123447040&loc=d3e1928-114920

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (r)(1)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123447040&loc=d3e1928-114920

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)(iii)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123447040&loc=d3e1928-114920

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (l)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123447040&loc=d3e1928-114920

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (r)(2)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123447040&loc=d3e1928-114920

Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]

Other income and expense

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Other (income) expense

Other income and expense


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Equity in net income of partially-owned entities (1)	$	2,433	$	1,019	$	617
Gains (losses) from fair value changes in separate account assets (2)	(8)		58		44
Federal excise and capital taxes	(19)		(22)		(23)
Other	(41)		(61)		(42)
Total	$	2,365	$	994	$	596

(1) Equity in net income of partially-owned entities includes $233 million, $167 million, and $74 million attributable to our investments in Huatai (Huatai Group, Huatai P&C, and Huatai Life) for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

(2) Related to gains (losses) from fair value changes in separate account assets that do not qualify for separate account reporting under GAAP.

Other income and expense includes equity in net income of partially-owned entities, which includes our share of net income or loss, both underlying operating income and mark-to-market movement, related to partially-owned investment companies (private equity) and partially-owned insurance companies. Also included in Other income and expense are gains (losses) from fair value changes in separate account assets that do not qualify for separate account reporting under GAAP. The offsetting movement in the separate account liabilities is included in Policy benefits in the Consolidated statements of operations. Certain federal excise and capital taxes incurred as a result of capital management initiatives are included in Other income and expense as these are considered capital transactions and are excluded from underwriting results. Bad debt expense for uncollectible premiums is also included in Other income and expense.

Segment information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment information

Chubb operates through six business segments: North America Commercial P&C Insurance, North America Personal P&C Insurance, North America Agricultural Insurance, Overseas General Insurance, Global Reinsurance, and Life Insurance. These segments distribute their products through various forms of brokers, agencies, and direct marketing programs. All business segments have established relationships with reinsurance intermediaries.

•The North America Commercial P&C Insurance segment provides both commercial and consumer P&C products and services. This segment includes the business written by Chubb divisions that provide P&C insurance and services to large, middle market and small commercial businesses in the U.S., Canada, and Bermuda. This segment includes our retail divisions: Major Accounts, Commercial Insurance, including Small Commercial Insurance; and our wholesale and specialty divisions: Westchester and Chubb Bermuda. These divisions write a variety of coverages, including property, casualty, workers’ compensation, package policies, risk management, financial lines, marine, construction, environmental, medical risk, cyber risk, surety, and excess casualty; as well as group A&H insurance.

•The North America Personal P&C Insurance segment includes the business written by Chubb Personal Risk Services division, which includes high net worth personal lines business, with operations in the U.S. and Canada. This segment provides affluent and high net worth individuals and families with homeowners, high value automobile and collector cars, valuable articles (including fine arts), personal and excess liability, travel insurance, and recreational marine insurance and services.

•The North America Agricultural Insurance segment includes the business written by Rain and Hail Insurance Service, Inc. in the U.S. and Canada, which provides comprehensive multiple peril crop insurance (MPCI) and crop-hail insurance, and Chubb Agribusiness, which offers farm and ranch property as well as specialty P&C coverages, including commercial agriculture products.

•The Overseas General Insurance segment includes the business written by two Chubb divisions that provides both commercial and consumer P&C insurance and services in the 51 countries and territories outside of North America where the company operates. Chubb International, our retail division, provides commercial P&C, A&H and traditional and specialty personal lines for large corporations, middle markets and small customers through retail brokers, agents and other channels locally around the world. CGM provides commercial P&C excess and surplus lines wholesale business and A&H through wholesale brokers in the London market and through Lloyd’s. These divisions write a variety of coverages, including

traditional commercial P&C, specialty categories such as financial lines, marine, energy, aviation, political risk and construction, as well as group A&H and traditional and specialty personal lines.

•The Global Reinsurance segment includes the reinsurance business written by Chubb Tempest Re, comprising Chubb Tempest Re Bermuda, Chubb Tempest Re USA, Chubb Tempest Re International, and Chubb Tempest Re Canada. Chubb Tempest Re provides a broad range of traditional and specialty reinsurance coverages to a diverse array of primary P&C companies, including small, mid-sized, and multinational ceding companies.

•The Life Insurance segment includes our international life operations written by Chubb Life and Chubb Tempest Life Re, and the North American supplemental A&H and life business of Combined Insurance.

Corporate primarily includes the results of all run-off A&E exposures, run-off Brandywine business, Westchester specialty operations for 1996 and prior years, and certain other run-off exposures, including molestation claims. In addition, Corporate includes the results of our non-insurance companies including Chubb Limited, Chubb Group Management and Holdings Ltd., and Chubb INA Holdings Inc. Our exposure to A&E and molestation claims principally arises out of liabilities acquired when we purchased Westchester Specialty in 1998, CIGNA’s P&C business in 1999, and Chubb Corp in 2016.

In addition, revenue and expenses managed at the corporate level, including realized gains and losses, interest expense, the non-operating income of our partially-owned entities, Chubb integration expenses and income taxes are reported within Corporate. In addition, the amortization expense of purchased intangibles, amortization of the fair value adjustment on acquired invested assets and assumed long-term debt as part of the Chubb Corp acquisition are considered Corporate costs as these are incurred by the overall company. The Chief Executive Officer does not manage segment results or allocate resources to segments when considering these costs and they are therefore excluded from our definition of segment income (loss).

Management uses underwriting income (loss) as the basis for segment performance. Chubb calculates underwriting income (loss) by subtracting Losses and loss expenses, Policy benefits, Policy acquisition costs, and Administrative expenses from Net premiums earned. Segment income (loss) includes underwriting income (loss), net investment income (loss), and other operating income and expense items such as each segment's share of the operating income (loss) related to partially-owned entities and miscellaneous income and expense items for which the segments are held accountable. Our main measure of segment performance is Segment income (loss), which also includes amortization of purchased intangibles acquired by the segment. We determined that this definition of segment income (loss) is appropriate and aligns with how the business is managed. We continue to evaluate our segments as our business continues to evolve and may further refine our segments and segment income (loss) measures. Certain items are presented in a different manner for segment reporting purposes than in the Consolidated Financial Statements. These items are reconciled to the consolidated presentation in the Segment measure reclass column below and include:

•Losses and loss expenses include realized gains and losses on crop derivatives. These derivatives were purchased to provide economic benefit, in a manner similar to reinsurance protection, in the event that a significant decline in commodity pricing impacts underwriting results. We view gains and losses on these derivatives as part of the results of our underwriting operations, and therefore, realized gains (losses) from these derivatives are reclassified to losses and loss expenses.

•Policy benefits include fair value changes on separate accounts that do not qualify for separate accounting under U.S. GAAP. These gains and losses have been reclassified from Other (income) expense. We view gains and losses from fair value changes in both separate account assets and liabilities as part of the results of our underwriting operations, and therefore these gains and losses are reclassified to policy benefits.

•Net investment income includes investment income reclassified from Other (income) expense related to partially-owned investment companies (private equity partnerships) where our ownership interest is in excess of three percent. We view investment income from these equity-method private equity partnerships as net investment income for segment reporting purposes.

The following tables present the Statement of Operations by segment:


For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 (in millions of U.S. dollars)	North America Commercial P&C Insurance		North America Personal P&C Insurance		North America Agricultural Insurance		Overseas General Insurance		Global Reinsurance		Life Insurance		Corporate		Segment Measure Reclass		Chubb Consolidated
Net premiums written	$	16,415	$	5,002	$	2,388	$	10,713	$	873	$	2,477	$	—	$	—	$	37,868
Net premiums earned	15,461		4,915		2,338		10,441		798		2,402		—		—		36,355
Losses and loss expenses	10,015		2,924		1,962		5,143		632		740		572		(8)		21,980
Policy benefits	—		—		—		—		—		707		—		(8)		699
Policy acquisition costs	2,082		1,001		124		2,799		200		712		—		—		6,918
Administrative expenses	1,052		276		(3)		1,078		35		333		365		—		3,136
Underwriting income (loss)	2,312		714		255		1,421		(69)		(90)		(937)		16		3,622
Net investment income (loss)	2,078		249		28		597		331		407		(55)		(179)		3,456
Other (income) expense	31		(2)		1		—		—		(106)		(2,118)		(171)		(2,365)
Amortization expense of purchased intangibles	—		10		26		48		—		5		198		—		287
Segment income	$	4,359	$	955	$	256	$	1,970	$	262	$	418	$	928	$	8	$	9,156
Net realized gains (losses)													1,160		(8)		1,152
Interest expense													492		—		492
Income tax expense													1,277		—		1,277
Net income													$	319	$	—	$	8,539


For the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (in millions of U.S. dollars)	North America Commercial P&C Insurance		North America Personal P&C Insurance		North America Agricultural Insurance		Overseas General Insurance		Global Reinsurance		Life Insurance		Corporate		Segment Measure Reclass		Chubb Consolidated
Net premiums written	$	14,474	$	4,920	$	1,846	$	9,335	$	731	$	2,514	$	—	$	—	$	33,820
Net premiums earned	13,964		4,866		1,822		9,285		698		2,482		—		—		33,117
Losses and loss expenses	10,129		3,187		1,544		5,255		435		724		435		1		21,710
Policy benefits	—		—		—		—		—		726		—		58		784
Policy acquisition costs	1,942		974		123		2,568		174		766		—		—		6,547
Administrative expenses	1,006		270		9		1,034		37		320		303		—		2,979
Underwriting income (loss)	887		435		146		428		52		(54)		(738)		(59)		1,097
Net investment income (loss)	2,061		260		30		534		307		385		(87)		(115)		3,375
Other (income) expense	23		5		1		13		2		(74)		(791)		(173)		(994)
Amortization expense of purchased intangibles	—		11		27		45		—		4		203		—		290
Segment income (loss)	$	2,925	$	679	$	148	$	904	$	357	$	401	$	(237)	$	(1)	$	5,176
Net realized gains (losses)													(499)		1		(498)
Interest expense													516		—		516

Income tax expense													629		—		629
Net income (loss)													$	(1,881)	$	—	$	3,533


For the Year Ended December 31, 2019 (in millions of U.S. dollars)	North America Commercial P&C Insurance		North America Personal P&C Insurance		North America Agricultural Insurance		Overseas General Insurance		Global Reinsurance		Life Insurance		Corporate		Segment Measure Reclass		Chubb Consolidated
Net premiums written	$	13,375	$	4,787	$	1,810	$	9,262	$	649	$	2,392	$	—	$	—	$	32,275
Net premiums earned	12,922		4,694		1,795		8,882		654		2,343		—		—		31,290
Losses and loss expenses	8,206		3,043		1,616		4,606		352		757		158		(8)		18,730
Policy benefits	—		—		—		—		—		696		—		44		740
Policy acquisition costs	1,831		948		84		2,501		169		620		—		—		6,153
Administrative expenses	1,028		286		6		1,033		35		323		319		—		3,030
Underwriting income (loss)	1,857		417		89		742		98		(53)		(477)		(36)		2,637
Net investment income (loss)	2,109		258		30		588		279		373		(125)		(86)		3,426
Other (income) expense	24		3		1		12		1		(48)		(459)		(130)		(596)
Amortization expense of purchased intangibles	—		12		28		45		—		2		218		—		305
Segment income (loss)	$	3,942	$	660	$	90	$	1,273	$	376	$	366	$	(361)	$	8	$	6,354
Net realized gains (losses) including OTTI													(522)		(8)		(530)
Interest expense													552		—		552
Chubb integration expenses													23		—		23
Income tax expense													795		—		795
Net income (loss)													$	(2,253)	$	—	$	4,454

Underwriting assets are reviewed in total by management for purposes of decision-making. Other than Unpaid losses and loss expenses, Future policy benefits, Reinsurance recoverables, Goodwill and Other intangible assets, Chubb does not allocate assets to its segments.

The following table presents net premiums earned for each segment by line of business:



	For the Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
North America Commercial P&C Insurance
Property & other short-tail lines	$	2,942	$	2,423	$	1,987
Casualty & all other	11,905		10,812		10,136
A&H	614		729		799
Total North America Commercial P&C Insurance	15,461		13,964		12,922
North America Personal P&C Insurance
Personal automobile	781		822		829
Personal homeowners	3,384		3,327		3,183
Personal other	750		717		682
Total North America Personal P&C Insurance	4,915		4,866		4,694
North America Agricultural Insurance	2,338		1,822		1,795
Overseas General Insurance
Property & other short-tail lines	3,105		2,468		2,244
Casualty & all other	3,114		2,738		2,494
Personal lines	2,109		1,981		1,896
A&H	2,113		2,098		2,248
Total Overseas General Insurance	10,441		9,285		8,882
Global Reinsurance
Property	151		104		131
Property catastrophe	190		173		142
Casualty & all other	457		421		381
Total Global Reinsurance	798		698		654
Life Insurance
Life	1,320		1,317		1,101
A&H	1,082		1,165		1,242
Total Life Insurance	2,402		2,482		2,343
Total net premiums earned	$	36,355	$	33,117	$	31,290

The following table presents net premiums earned by geographic region. Allocations have been made on the basis of location of risk:


	North America		Europe (1)		Asia Pacific / Japan		Latin America
2021	70	%	12	%	12	%	6	%
2020	70	%	11	%	12	%	7	%
2019	70	%	11	%	12	%	7	%

(1) Europe includes Middle East and Africa regions.

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 31
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8924-108599

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 34
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8981-108599

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8721-108599

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 40
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9031-108599

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (e)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 26
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8844-108599

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 41
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9038-108599

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8736-108599

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 42
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9054-108599

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 15
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8657-108599

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8721-108599

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510

Related party transactions

Earnings per share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings per share


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)	2021		2020		2019
Numerator:
Net income	$	8,539	$	3,533	$	4,454
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share:
Weighted-average shares outstanding	439,968,422		451,602,820		455,910,463
Denominator for diluted earnings per share:
Share-based compensation plans	3,228,856		1,838,692		3,004,200
Weighted-average shares outstanding and assumed conversions	443,197,278		453,441,512		458,914,663
Basic earnings per share	$	19.41	$	7.82	$	9.77
Diluted earnings per share	$	19.27	$	7.79	$	9.71
Potential anti-dilutive share conversions	1,532,066		6,811,966		2,410,337

Excluded from weighted-average shares outstanding and assumed conversions is the impact of securities that would have been anti-dilutive during the respective years. These securities consisted of stock options in which the underlying exercise prices were greater than the average market prices of our Common Shares. Refer to Note 12 for additional information on stock options.

Related party transaction

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Starr Indemnity & Liability Company and its affiliates (collectively, Starr)

We have agency, claims services and underwriting services agreements with Starr, the Chairman of which is related to a member of our senior management team. The Board has reviewed and approved our arrangements with Starr. We have agency, claims services and underwriting services agreements with various Starr subsidiaries. Under the agency agreement, we secure the ability to sell our insurance policies through Starr as one of our non-exclusive agents for writing policies, contracts, binders, or agreements of insurance or reinsurance. Under the claims services agreements, Starr adjusts the claims under policies and arranges for third party treaty and facultative agreements covering such policies. Under the underwriting services agreements, Starr underwrites insurance policies on our behalf and we agree to reinsure such policies to Starr under quota share reinsurance agreements.

The agency agreement also contains a profit-sharing arrangement based on loss ratios, triggered if Starr underwrites a minimum of $20 million of annual program business net premiums written on our behalf. No profit share commission has been payable yet under this arrangement. Transactions generated under Starr agreements were as follows:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Consolidated statement of operations
Gross premiums written	$	592	$	507	$	394
Ceded premiums written	$	321	$	253	$	207
Commissions paid	$	114	$	97	$	77
Commissions received	$	73	$	59	$	46
Losses and loss expenses	$	157	$	170	$	185
Consolidated balance sheets
Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses	$	516	$	432
Ceded reinsurance premium payable	$	88	$	80

ABR Re

At December 31, 2021, we own 17.1 percent of the common equity of ABR Reinsurance Capital Holdings Ltd. and warrants to acquire 0.5 percent of additional equity. ABR Reinsurance Capital Holdings Ltd., is the parent company of ABR Reinsurance Ltd. (ABR Re), an independent reinsurance company. Through long-term arrangements, Chubb will be the sole source of reinsurance risks ceded to ABR Re, and BlackRock, Inc. will be ABR Re’s exclusive investment management service provider. As an investor, Chubb is expected to benefit from underwriting profit generated by ABR Re’s reinsuring a wide range of Chubb’s primary insurance business and the income and capital appreciation BlackRock, Inc. seeks to deliver through its investment management services. In addition, Chubb has entered into an arrangement with BlackRock, Inc. under which both Chubb and BlackRock, Inc. will be entitled to an equal share of the aggregate amount of certain fees, including underwriting and investment management performance related fees, in connection with their respective reinsurance and investment management arrangements with ABR Re. In connection with this arrangement with BlackRock, Inc., we recorded income of $11 million in 2021, which is recorded in Other (income) expense on the Consolidated statements of operations.

ABR Re is a variable interest entity; however, Chubb is not the primary beneficiary and does not consolidate ABR Re because Chubb does not have the power to control and direct ABR Re’s most significant activities, including investing and underwriting. Our ownership interest is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Chubb cedes premiums to ABR Re and recognizes the associated commissions.

Transactions generated under ABR Re agreements were as follows:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Consolidated statement of operations
Ceded premiums written	$	442	$	350	$	321
Commissions received	$	133	$	100	$	92

Consolidated balance sheets
Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses	$	963	$	806
Ceded reinsurance premium payable	$	107	$	67

Statutory Financial Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Statutory Financial Information [Abstract]

Statutory financial information

Our subsidiaries file financial statements prepared in accordance with statutory accounting practices prescribed or permitted by insurance regulators. Statutory accounting differs from GAAP in the reporting of certain reinsurance contracts, investments, subsidiaries, acquisition expenses, fixed assets, deferred income taxes, and certain other items. Some jurisdictions impose complex regulatory requirements on insurance companies while other jurisdictions impose fewer requirements. In some jurisdictions, we must obtain licenses issued by governmental authorities to conduct local insurance business. These licenses may be subject to reserves and minimum capital and solvency tests. Jurisdictions may impose fines, censure, and/or criminal sanctions for violation of regulatory requirements. The 2021 amounts below are based on estimates.

Chubb's insurance and reinsurance subsidiaries are subject to insurance laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which they operate. These regulations include restrictions that limit the amount of dividends or other distributions, such as loans or cash advances, available to shareholders without prior approval of the local insurance regulatory authorities. The amount of dividends available to be paid in 2022 without prior approval totals $6.8 billion.

The statutory capital and surplus of our insurance subsidiaries met regulatory requirements for 2021, 2020, and 2019. The minimum amounts of statutory capital and surplus necessary to satisfy regulatory requirements was $32.7 billion and $29.9 billion for December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These minimum regulatory capital requirements were significantly lower than the corresponding amounts required by the rating agencies which review Chubb’s insurance and reinsurance subsidiaries.

The following tables present the combined statutory capital and surplus and statutory net income (loss) of our Property and casualty and Life subsidiaries:


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Statutory capital and surplus
Property and casualty	$	46,397	$	46,494
Life	$	2,187	$	1,632


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Statutory net income (loss)
Property and casualty	$	7,711	$	4,354	$	6,046
Life	$	425	$	(245)	$	(210)

Several insurance subsidiaries follow accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the jurisdiction of domicile that differ from the applicable local statutory practice. The application of prescribed or permitted accounting practices does not have a material impact on Chubb's statutory surplus and income. As prescribed by the Restructuring discussed previously in Note 7, certain of our U.S. subsidiaries discount certain A&E liabilities, which increased statutory capital and surplus by approximately $129 million and $140 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Federal Insurance Company (Federal), a direct subsidiary of Chubb INA Holdings Inc., has a permitted practice granted by the Indiana Department of Insurance that relates to its investment in a foreign affiliate. Under Statement of Statutory Accounting Principles No. 97, Investments in Subsidiary, Controlled and Affiliated Entities, in order for a reporting entity to admit its investments in foreign subsidiaries and affiliates, audited financial statements of the subsidiary or affiliate must be obtained to support the carrying value. Such financial statements must be prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, or alternatively, in accordance with the local statutory requirements in the subsidiary’s or affiliate’s country of domicile, with an audited footnote reconciliation of net income and shareholder’s equity as reported to a U.S. GAAP basis. With the explicit permission of the Indiana Department of Insurance, Federal obtains audited financial statements for its admitted foreign affiliate, which had an aggregate carrying value of approximately $72 million and $55 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, prepared in accordance with their respective local statutory requirements and supplemented with a separate unaudited reconciliation of shareholder’s equity as reported to a U.S. GAAP basis.

Schedule I

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

SEC Schedule, 12-15, Insurance Companies, Summary of Investments, Other than Investments in Related Parties [Abstract]

Schedule I: SUMMARY OF INVESTEMENTS - OTHER THAN INVESTMENTS IN RELATED PARTIES

SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS – OTHER THAN INVESTMENTS IN RELATED PARTIES


December 31, 2021 (in millions of U.S. dollars)	Cost or Amortized Cost, Net (1)		Fair Value		Amount at Which Shown in the Balance Sheet
Fixed maturities available for sale
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	2,111	$	2,214	$	2,214
Non-U.S.	25,148		25,829		25,829
Corporate and asset-backed securities	37,838		39,063		39,063
Mortgage-backed securities	20,080		20,489		20,489
Municipal	5,302		5,513		5,513
Total fixed maturities available for sale	90,479		93,108		93,108
Fixed maturities held to maturity
U.S. Treasury / Agency	1,213		1,244		1,213
Non-U.S.	1,196		1,262		1,196
Corporate and asset-backed securities	2,004		2,201		2,004
Mortgage-backed securities	1,730		1,803		1,730
Municipal	3,975		4,137		3,975
Total fixed maturities held to maturity	10,118		10,647		10,118
Equity securities
Industrial, miscellaneous, and all other	4,782		4,782		4,782
Short-term investments	3,147		3,146		3,146
Other investments (2)	10,924		10,924		10,924
Total investments - other than investments in related parties	$	119,450	$	122,607	$	122,078

(1) Net of valuation allowance for expected credit losses.

(2) Excludes $245 million of related party investments.

Schedule II

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule II - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT

CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT

BALANCE SHEETS (Parent Company Only)


	December 31		December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Assets
Investments in subsidiaries and affiliates on equity basis	$	58,850	$	56,148


Total investments	58,850		56,148

Cash	1		84
Due from subsidiaries and affiliates, net	1,218		3,578
Other assets	16		10
Total assets	$	60,085	$	59,820
Liabilities


Affiliated notional cash pooling programs	$	8	$	—
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities	363		379

Total liabilities	371		379
Shareholders' equity
Common Shares	10,985		11,064
Common Shares in treasury	(7,464)		(3,644)
Additional paid-in capital	8,478		9,815
Retained earnings	47,365		39,337
Accumulated other comprehensive income	350		2,869
Total shareholders' equity	59,714		59,441
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	60,085	$	59,820

The condensed financial information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto.

CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Parent Company Only)


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Revenues
Investment income (1)	$	96	$	155	$	227
Equity in net income of subsidiaries and affiliates	8,514		3,457		4,307

Total Revenues	8,610		3,612		4,534
Expenses
Administrative and other (income) expense	56		55		65
Chubb integration expenses	—		—		1
Income tax expense	15		24		14
Total Expenses	71		79		80
Net income	$	8,539	$	3,533	$	4,454
Comprehensive income	$	6,020	$	5,783	$	7,521

(1)Includes net investment income, interest income, and net realized gains (losses).

The condensed financial information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto.

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Parent Company Only)


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Net cash flows from operating activities (1)	$	4,167	$	1,933	$	412
Cash flows from investing activities


Capital contribution	—		(1,200)		(1,000)
Other	—		(2)		—
Net cash flows used for investing activities	—		(1,202)		(1,000)
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends paid on Common Shares	(1,401)		(1,388)		(1,354)
Common Shares repurchased	(4,861)		(523)		(327)
Repayment of intercompany loans	2,003		1,265		2,301
Net proceeds from (payments to) affiliated notional cash pooling programs (2)	8		—		(35)
Net cash flows from (used for) financing activities	(4,251)		(646)		585
Effect of foreign currency rate changes on cash and restricted cash	1		(3)		4
Net increase (decrease) in cash and restricted cash	(83)		82		1
Cash and restricted cash – beginning of year	84		2		1
Cash and restricted cash – end of year	$	1	$	84	$	2

(1) Includes cash dividends received from subsidiaries of $3.7 billion, $2.0 billion, and $200 million in 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

(2) Chubb maintains two notional multicurrency cash pools (Pools) with a third-party bank. Refer to Note 1 f) for additional information.

The condensed financial information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto.

Schedule IV

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

SEC Schedule, 12-17, Insurance Companies, Reinsurance [Abstract]

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION CONCERNING REINSURANCE


Premiums Earned
For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 (in millions of U.S. dollars, except for percentages)	Direct Amount		Ceded To Other Companies		Assumed From Other Companies		Net Amount		Percentage of Amount Assumed to Net
2021
Property and Casualty	$	35,767	$	7,982	$	3,441	$	31,226	11	%
Accident and Health	4,062		362		109		3,809		3	%
Life	1,309		89		100		1,320		8	%
Total	$	41,138	$	8,433	$	3,650	$	36,355	10	%
2020
Property and Casualty	$	31,546	$	6,782	$	3,044	$	27,808	11	%
Accident and Health	4,249		368		111		3,992		3	%
Life	1,242		93		168		1,317		13	%
Total	$	37,037	$	7,243	$	3,323	$	33,117	10	%
2019
Property and Casualty	$	30,339	$	7,236	$	2,797	$	25,900	11	%
Accident and Health	4,546		376		119		4,289		3	%
Life	991		81		191		1,101		17	%
Total	$	35,876	$	7,693	$	3,107	$	31,290	10	%

Schedule VI

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

SEC Schedule, 12-18, Supplemental Information, Property-Casualty Insurance Underwriters [Abstract]

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION CONCERNING PROPERTY AND CASUALTY OPERATIONS


As of and for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 (in millions of U.S. dollars)
	Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs		Net Reserves for Unpaid Losses and Loss Expenses		Unearned Premiums		Net Premiums Earned		Net Investment Income		Net Losses and Loss Expenses Incurred Related to					Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs		Net Paid Losses and Loss Expenses		Net Premiums Written
												Current Year		Prior Year
2021	$	4,260	$	56,759	$	19,101	$	35,035	$	3,133		$	22,966	$	(986)	$	6,440	$	17,884	$	36,474
2020	$	4,244	$	53,164	$	17,652	$	31,800	$	3,074		$	22,124	$	(414)	$	6,076	$	17,434	$	32,471
2019	$	4,161	$	48,509	$	16,771	$	30,189	$	3,141		$	19,575	$	(845)	$	5,831	$	18,473	$	31,126

Summary of significant accounting policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Summary of significant accounting policies (Policies)	Dec. 31, 2021
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Basis of presentation	Basis of presentation Chubb Limited is a holding company incorporated in Zurich, Switzerland. Chubb Limited, through its subsidiaries, provides a broad range of insurance and reinsurance products to insureds worldwide. Our results are reported through the following business segments: North America Commercial P&C Insurance, North America Personal P&C Insurance, North America Agricultural Insurance, Overseas General Insurance, Global Reinsurance, and Life Insurance. Refer to Note 15 for additional information. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements, which include the accounts of Chubb Limited and its subsidiaries (collectively, Chubb, we, us, or our), have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the results and financial position for such periods. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions, including internal reinsurance transactions, have been eliminated. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Amounts included in the Consolidated Financial Statements reflect our best estimates and assumptions; actual amounts could differ materially from these estimates. Chubb's principal estimates include: •unpaid loss and loss expense reserves, including long-tail asbestos and environmental (A&E) reserves and non-A&E casualty exposures; •future policy benefits reserves; •amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and value of business acquired (VOBA); •reinsurance recoverable, including a valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance; •the assessment of risk transfer for certain structured insurance and reinsurance contracts; •the valuation of the investment portfolio and assessment of valuation allowance for expected credit losses; •the valuation of deferred income taxes; •the valuation and amortization of purchased intangibles; and •the assessment of goodwill for impairment.
Premiums	Premiums Premiums are generally recorded as written upon inception of the policy. For multi-year policies for which premiums written are payable in annual installments, only the current annual premium is included as written at policy inception due to the ability of the insured/reinsured to commute or cancel coverage within the policy term. The remaining annual premiums are recorded as written at each successive anniversary date within the multi-year term. For property and casualty (P&C) insurance and reinsurance products, premiums written are primarily earned on a pro-rata basis over the policy terms to which they relate. Unearned premiums represent the portion of premiums written applicable to the unexpired portion of the policies in force. For retrospectively-rated policies, written premiums are adjusted to reflect expected ultimate premiums consistent with changes to incurred losses, or other measures of exposure as stated in the policy, and earned over the policy coverage period. Mandatory reinstatement premiums assessed on reinsurance policies are earned in the period of the loss event that gave rise to the reinstatement premiums. All remaining unearned premiums are recognized over the remaining coverage period. Premiums from long-duration contracts such as certain traditional term life, whole life, endowment, and long-duration personal accident and health (A&H) policies are generally recognized as revenue when due from policyholders. Traditional life policies include those contracts with fixed and guaranteed premiums and benefits. Benefits and expenses are matched with income to result in the recognition of profit over the life of the contracts. Retroactive loss portfolio transfer (LPT) contracts in which the insured loss events occurred prior to contract inception are evaluated to determine whether they meet criteria for reinsurance accounting. If reinsurance accounting is appropriate, written premiums are fully earned and corresponding losses and loss expenses recognized at contract inception. These contracts can cause significant variances in gross premiums written, net premiums written, net premiums earned, and net incurred losses in the years in which they are written. Reinsurance contracts sold not meeting the criteria for reinsurance accounting are recorded using the deposit method as described below in Note 1 k). Reinsurance premiums assumed are based on information provided by ceding companies supplemented by our own estimates of premium when we have not received ceding company reports. Estimates are reviewed and adjustments are recorded in the period in which they are determined. Premiums are earned over the coverage terms of the related reinsurance contracts and range from one to three years.
Deferred policy acquisition costs and value of business acquired	Deferred policy acquisition costs and value of business acquired Policy acquisition costs consist of commissions (direct and ceded), premium taxes, and certain underwriting costs related directly to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts. A VOBA intangible asset is established upon the acquisition of blocks of long-duration contracts in a business combination and represents the present value of estimated net cash flows for the contracts in force at the acquisition date. Acquisition costs and VOBA, collectively policy acquisition costs, are deferred and amortized. Amortization is recorded in Policy acquisition costs in the Consolidated statements of operations. Policy acquisition costs on P&C contracts are generally amortized ratably over the period in which premiums are earned. Policy acquisition costs on traditional long-duration contracts are amortized over the estimated life of the contracts, generally in proportion to premium revenue recognized based upon the same assumptions used in estimating the liability for future policy benefits. For non-traditional long-duration contracts, we amortize policy acquisition costs over the expected life of the contracts in proportion to expected gross profits. The effect of changes in estimates of expected gross profits is reflected in the period the estimates are revised. Policy acquisition costs are reviewed to determine if they are recoverable from future income, including investment income. Unrecoverable policy acquisition costs are expensed in the period identified. Advertising costs are expensed as incurred except for direct-response campaigns that qualify for cost deferral, principally related to long-duration A&H business produced by the Overseas General Insurance segment, which are deferred and recognized as a component of Policy acquisition costs. For individual direct-response marketing campaigns that we can demonstrate have specifically resulted in incremental sales to customers and such sales have probable future economic benefits, incremental costs directly related to the marketing campaigns are capitalized as Deferred policy acquisition costs. Deferred policy acquisition costs, including deferred marketing costs, are reviewed regularly for recoverability from future income, including investment income, and amortized in proportion to premium revenue recognized, primarily over a ten-year period, the expected economic future benefit period based upon the same assumptions used in estimating the liability for future policy benefits. The expected future benefit period is evaluated periodically based on historical results and adjusted prospectively. The amount of deferred marketing costs reported in Deferred policy acquisition costs in the Consolidated balance sheets was $189 million and $226 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Amortization expense for deferred marketing costs was $85 million, $99 million, and $109 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.
Reinsurance	Reinsurance Chubb assumes and cedes reinsurance with other insurance companies to provide greater diversification of business and minimize the net loss potential arising from large risks. Ceded reinsurance contracts do not relieve Chubb of its primary obligation to policyholders. For both ceded and assumed reinsurance, risk transfer requirements must be met in order to account for a contract as reinsurance, principally resulting in the recognition of cash flows under the contract as premiums and losses. To meet risk transfer requirements, a reinsurance contract must include insurance risk, consisting of both underwriting and timing risk, and a reasonable possibility of a significant loss for the assuming entity. To assess risk transfer for certain contracts, Chubb generally develops expected discounted cash flow analyses at contract inception. Deposit accounting is used for contracts that do not meet risk transfer requirements. Deposit accounting requires that consideration received or paid be recorded in the balance sheet as opposed to recording premiums written or losses incurred in the statement of operations. Non-refundable fees on deposit contracts are earned based on the terms of the contract described below in Note 1 k). Reinsurance recoverable includes balances due from reinsurance companies for paid and unpaid losses and loss expenses and future policy benefits that will be recovered from reinsurers, based on contracts in force. The method for determining the reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses and loss expenses incurred but not reported (IBNR) involves actuarial estimates consistent with those used to establish the associated liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses as well as a determination of Chubb's ability to cede unpaid losses and loss expenses under the terms of the reinsurance agreement. Reinsurance recoverable is presented net of a valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance determined based upon a review of the financial condition of reinsurers and other factors. The valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance is based on an estimate of the reinsurance recoverable balance that will ultimately be unrecoverable due to reinsurer insolvency, a contractual dispute, or any other reason. The valuation of this allowance includes several judgments including certain aspects of the allocation of reinsurance recoverable on IBNR claims by reinsurer and a default analysis to estimate uncollectible reinsurance. The primary components of the default analysis are reinsurance recoverable balances by reinsurer, net of collateral, and default factors used to determine the portion of a reinsurer's balance deemed uncollectible. The definition of collateral for this purpose requires some judgment and is generally limited to assets held in a Chubb-only beneficiary trust, letters of credit, and liabilities held with the same legal entity for which Chubb believes there is a contractual right of offset. The determination of the default factor is principally based on the financial strength rating of the reinsurer. Default factors require considerable judgment and are determined using the current financial strength rating, or rating equivalent, of each reinsurer as well as other key considerations and assumptions. Changes in the valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance recoverables are recorded in Losses and loss expenses in the Consolidated statements of operations. The more significant considerations to calculate the valuation allowance include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following: •For reinsurers that maintain a financial strength rating from a major rating agency, and for which recoverable balances are considered representative of the larger population (i.e., default probabilities are consistent with similarly rated reinsurers and payment durations conform to averages), the financial rating is based on a published source and the default factor is based on published default statistics of a major rating agency applicable to the reinsurer's particular rating class. When a recoverable is expected to be paid in a brief period of time by a highly rated reinsurer, such as certain property catastrophe claims, a default factor may not be applied; •For balances recoverable from reinsurers that are both unrated by a major rating agency and for which management is unable to determine a credible rating equivalent based on a parent, affiliate, or peer company, we determine a rating equivalent based on an analysis of the reinsurer that considers an assessment of the creditworthiness of the particular entity, industry benchmarks, or other factors as considered appropriate. We then apply the applicable default factor for that rating class. For balances recoverable from unrated reinsurers for which the ceded reserve is below a certain threshold, we generally apply a default factor of 34 percent, consistent with published statistics of a major rating agency; •For balances recoverable from reinsurers that are either insolvent or under regulatory supervision, we establish a default factor and resulting valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance based on reinsurer-specific facts and circumstances. Upon initial notification of an insolvency, we generally recognize an expense for a substantial portion of all balances outstanding, net of collateral, through a combination of write-offs of recoverable balances and increases to the valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance. When regulatory action is taken on a reinsurer, we generally recognize a default factor by estimating an expected recovery on all balances outstanding, net of collateral. When sufficient credible information becomes available, we adjust the valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance by establishing a default factor pursuant to information received; and •For other recoverables, management determines the valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance based on the specific facts and circumstances. The methods used to determine the reinsurance recoverable balance and related valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance are regularly reviewed and updated, and any resulting adjustments are reflected in earnings in the period identified. The methods used to determine the valuation allowance for uncollectible high deductible recoverable amounts and valuation allowance for insurance and reinsurance balances receivable are similar to the processes used to determine the valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance recoverable. For information on high deductible policies, refer to section h) Unpaid losses and loss expenses, below. Prepaid reinsurance premiums represent the portion of premiums ceded to reinsurers applicable to the unexpired coverage terms of the reinsurance contracts in-force. The value of reinsurance business assumed is the deferred gain or loss related to loss portfolio transfers assumed and is calculated as the difference between the estimated ultimate value of the liabilities assumed under retroactive reinsurance contracts over consideration received. The gain or loss is amortized and recorded to Losses and loss expenses based on the payment pattern of the losses assumed. The unamortized value is reviewed regularly to determine if it is recoverable based upon the terms of the contract, estimated losses and loss expenses, and anticipated investment income. Unrecoverable amounts are expensed in the period identified. The value of reinsurance business assumed at December 31, 2021 and 2020 were immaterial.
Investments	Investments Fixed maturities, equity securities, and short-term investments Fixed maturities are classified as either available for sale or held to maturity. •Available for sale (AFS) portfolio is reported at fair value, net of a valuation allowance for credit losses, with changes in fair value recorded as a separate component of AOCI in Shareholders' equity. •Held to maturity (HTM) portfolio includes securities for which we have the ability and intent to hold to maturity or redemption and is reported at amortized cost, net of a valuation allowance for credit losses. Equity securities are reported at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in Net realized gains (losses) on the Consolidated statements of operations. Realized gains or losses on sales of investments are determined on a first-in, first-out basis. Short-term investments comprise securities due to mature within one year of the date of purchase and are recorded at fair value which typically approximates cost. Interest, dividend income, and amortization of fixed maturity market premiums and discounts, related to these securities are recorded in Net investment income, net of investment management and custody fees, in the Consolidated statements of operations. In addition, net investment income includes the amortization of the fair value adjustment related to the acquired invested assets of The Chubb Corporation (Chubb Corp). At December 31, 2021, the remaining balance of this fair value adjustment was $127 million which is expected to amortize over the next two years; however, the estimate could vary based on current market conditions, bond calls, and the duration of the acquired investment portfolio. In addition, sales of these acquired fixed maturities would also reduce the fair value adjustment balance. For mortgage-backed securities and any other holdings for which there is a prepayment risk, prepayment assumptions are evaluated and revised as necessary. Any adjustments required due to the resultant change in effective yields and maturities are recognized prospectively. Prepayment fees or call premiums that are only payable when a security is called prior to its maturity are earned when received and reflected in Net investment income. Valuation allowance for fixed income securities Management evaluates current expected credit losses (CECL) for all HTM securities each quarter. U.S. treasury and agency securities and U.S. government agency mortgage-backed securities are assumed to have no risk of non-payment and therefore are excluded from the CECL evaluation. The remaining HTM securities are evaluated for potential credit loss on a collective pool basis. We elected to pool HTM securities by 1) external credit rating and 2) time to maturity (duration). These characteristics are the most representative of similar risk characteristics within our portfolio. Chubb pools HTM securities and calculates an expected credit loss for each pool using Moody’s corporate bond default average, corporate bond recovery rate, and an economic cycle multiplier. The multiplier is based on the leading economic index and will adjust the average default frequency for a forward-looking economic outlook. Management monitors the credit quality of HTM securities through the review of external credit ratings on a quarterly basis. Management evaluates expected credit losses (ECL) for AFS securities when fair value is below amortized cost. AFS securities are evaluated for potential credit loss on an individual security level but the evaluation may use assumptions consistent with expectations of credit losses for a group of similar securities. If management has the intent to sell or will be required to sell the security before recovery, the entire impairment loss will be recorded through income to Net realized gains and losses. If management does not have the intent to sell or will not be required to sell the security before recovery, an allowance for credit losses is established and is recorded through income to Net realized gains and losses, and the non-credit loss portion is recorded through other comprehensive income. Examples of criteria that are collectively evaluated to determine if a credit loss has occurred include the following: •The extent to which the fair value is less than amortized cost; •Adverse conditions related to the security, industry, or geographic area; •Downgrades in the security's credit rating by a rating agency; and •Failure of the issuer to make scheduled principal or interest payments AFS securities that meet any one of the criteria included above will be subject to a discounted cash flow analysis by comparing the present value of expected future cash flows with the amortized cost basis. Projected cash flows are driven primarily by assumptions regarding probability of default and the timing and amount of recoveries associated with defaults. Chubb developed the projected cash flows using market data, issuer-specific information, and credit ratings. In combination with contractual cash flows and the use of historical default and recovery data by Moody's Investors Service (Moody's) rating category we generate expected cash flows using the average cumulative issuer-weighted global default rates by letter rating. If the present value of expected future cash flows is less than the amortized cost, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses will be recognized. If the present value of expected future cash flows is equal to or greater than the amortized cost basis, management will conclude an expected credit loss does not exist. Management reviews credit losses and the valuation allowance for expected credit losses each quarter. When all or a portion of a fixed maturity security is identified to be uncollectible and written off, the valuation allowance for expected credit losses is reduced. In general, a security is considered uncollectible no later than when all efforts to collect contractual cash flows have been exhausted. Below are considerations for when a security may be deemed uncollectible: •We have sufficient information to determine that the issuer of the security is insolvent; •We receive notice that the issuer of the security has filed for bankruptcy, and the collectability is expected to be adversely impacted by the bankruptcy; •The issuer of a security has violated multiple debt covenants; •Amounts have been past due for a specified period of time with no response from the issuer; •A significant deterioration in the value of the collateral has occurred; •We have received correspondence from the issuer of the security indicating that it doesn’t intend to pay the contractual principal and interest. We elected to not measure an allowance for accrued investment income as uncollectible balances are written off in a timely manner, typically 30 to 45 days after uncollected balances are due. Prior to January 1, 2020, fixed income securities were evaluated individually for other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) and a realized loss was recognized once certain criteria were met. Other investments Other investments principally comprise investment funds, limited partnerships, partially-owned investment companies, life insurance policies, policy loans, and non-qualified separate account assets. Investment funds and limited partnerships Investment funds, limited partnerships, and all other investments over which Chubb cannot exercise significant influence are accounted for as follows. Generally, we own less than three percent of the investee’s shares. •Income and expenses from these funds are reported within Net investment income. •These funds are carried at net asset value, which approximates fair value with changes in fair value recorded in Net realized gains (losses) on the Consolidated statements of operations. Refer to Note 4 for a further discussion on net asset value. •As a result of the timing of the receipt of valuation data from the investment managers, these investments are generally reported on a three-month lag. •Sales of these investments are reported within Net realized gains (losses). Partially-owned investment companies Partially-owned investment companies are limited partnerships where our ownership interest is in excess of three percent are accounted for under the equity method because Chubb exerts significant influence. These investments apply investment company accounting to determine operating results, and Chubb retains the investment company accounting in applying the equity method. •This means that investment income, realized gains or losses, and unrealized gains or losses are included in the portion of equity earnings reflected in Other (income) expense. •As a result of the timing of the receipt of valuation data from the investment managers, these investments are generally reported on a three-month lag. Other •Policy loans are carried at outstanding balance and interest income is reflected in Net investment income. •Life insurance policies are carried at policy cash surrender value and income is reflected in Other (income) expense. •Non-qualified separate account assets are supported by assets that do not qualify for separate accounting reporting under GAAP. The underlying securities are recorded on a trade date basis and carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on non-qualified separate account assets are reflected in Other (income) expense. Investments in partially-owned insurance companies Investments in partially-owned insurance companies primarily represent direct investments in which Chubb has significant influence and as such, meet the requirements for equity accounting. Generally, we own twenty percent or more of the investee’s shares. We report our share of the net income or loss of the partially-owned insurance companies in Other (income) expense. Derivative instruments Chubb recognizes all derivatives at fair value in the Consolidated balance sheets in either Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities or Other assets. Changes in fair value are included in Net realized gains (losses) in the Consolidated statements of operations. We did not designate any derivatives as accounting hedges. We participate in derivative instruments in two principal ways: (i) To sell protection to customers as an insurance or reinsurance contract that meets the definition of a derivative for accounting purposes. This category principally comprised our GLB contracts; and (ii) To mitigate financial risks and manage certain investment portfolio risks and exposures, including assets and liabilities held in foreign currencies. We use derivative instruments including futures, options, swaps, and foreign currency forward contracts. Refer to Note 10 for additional information. Securities lending program Chubb participates in a securities lending program operated by a third-party banking institution whereby certain assets are loaned to qualified borrowers and from which we earn an incremental return which is recorded within Net investment income in the Consolidated statements of operations. Borrowers provide collateral, in the form of either cash or approved securities, at a minimum of 102 percent of the fair value of the loaned securities. Each security loan is deemed to be an overnight transaction. Cash collateral is invested in a collateral pool which is managed by the banking institution. The collateral pool is subject to written investment guidelines with key objectives which include the safeguard of principal and adequate liquidity to meet anticipated redemptions. The fair value of the loaned securities is monitored on a daily basis, with additional collateral obtained or refunded as the fair value of the loaned securities changes. The collateral is held by the third-party banking institution, and the collateral can only be accessed in the event that the institution borrowing the securities is in default under the lending agreement. As a result of these restrictions, we consider our securities lending activities to be non-cash investing and financing activities. An indemnification agreement with the lending agent protects us in the event a borrower becomes insolvent or fails to return any of the securities on loan. The fair value of the securities on loan is included in fixed maturities and equity securities in the Consolidated balance sheets. The securities lending collateral is reported as a separate line in the Consolidated balance sheets with a related liability reflecting our obligation to return the collateral plus interest. Repurchase agreements Similar to securities lending arrangements, securities sold under repurchase agreements, whereby Chubb sells securities and repurchases them at a future date for a predetermined price, are accounted for as collateralized investments and borrowings and are recorded at the contractual repurchase amounts plus accrued interest. Assets to be repurchased are the same or substantially the same as the assets transferred, and the transferor, through right of substitution, maintains the right and ability to redeem the collateral on short notice. The fair value of the underlying securities is included in fixed maturities and equity securities. In contrast to securities lending programs, the use of cash received is not restricted. We report the obligation to return the cash as Repurchase agreements in the Consolidated balance sheets and record the fees under these repurchase agreements within Interest expense on the Consolidated statements of operations. Refer to Note 4 for a discussion on the determination of fair value for Chubb's various investment securities.
Cash	Cash We have agreements with a third-party bank provider which implemented two international multi-currency notional cash pooling programs. In each program, participating Chubb entities establish deposit accounts in different currencies with the bank provider and each day the credit or debit balances in every account are notionally translated into a single currency (U.S. dollars) and then notionally pooled. The bank extends overdraft credit to any participating Chubb entity as needed, provided that the overall notionally-pooled balance of all accounts in each pool at the end of each day is at least zero. Actual cash balances are not physically converted and are not commingled between legal entities. Any overdraft balances incurred under this program by a Chubb entity would be guaranteed by Chubb Limited (up to $300 million in the aggregate). Our syndicated letter of credit facility allows for same day drawings to fund a net pool overdraft should participating Chubb entities overdraw contributed funds from the pool. Restricted cash Restricted cash in the Consolidated balance sheets represents amounts held for the benefit of third parties and is legally or contractually restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Amounts include deposits with U.S. and non-U.S. regulatory authorities, trust funds set up for the benefit of ceding companies, and amounts pledged as collateral to meet financing arrangements.
Goodwill and other intangible assets	Goodwill and Other intangible assets Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of acquisitions over the fair value of net assets acquired and is not amortized. Goodwill is assigned at acquisition to the applicable reporting unit of the acquired entities giving rise to the goodwill. Goodwill impairment tests are performed annually or more frequently if circumstances indicate a possible impairment. For goodwill impairment testing, we use a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not (i.e., more than a 50 percent probability) that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount. If our assessment indicates less than a 50 percent probability that fair value exceeds carrying value, we quantitatively estimate a reporting unit's fair value. Goodwill recorded in connection with investments in partially-owned insurance companies is recorded in Investments in partially-owned insurance companies and is also measured for impairment annually. Indefinite lived intangible assets are not subject to amortization. Finite lived intangible assets are amortized over their useful lives, generally with an average original useful life of 25 years. Intangible assets are regularly reviewed for indicators of impairment. Impairment is recognized if the carrying amount is not recoverable from its undiscounted cash flows and is measured as the difference between the carrying amount and fair value.
Unpaid losses and loss expenses	Unpaid losses and loss expensesA liability is established for the estimated unpaid losses and loss expenses under the terms of, and with respect to, Chubb's policies and agreements. Similar to premiums that are recognized as revenues over the coverage period of the policy, a liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses is recognized as expense when insured events occur over the coverage period of the policy. This liability includes a provision for both reported claims (case reserves) and incurred but not reported claims (IBNR reserves). IBNR reserve estimates are generally calculated by first projecting the ultimate cost of all losses that have occurred (expected losses), and then subtracting paid losses, case reserves, and loss expenses. The methods of determining such estimates and establishing the resulting liability are reviewed regularly and any adjustments are reflected in income in the period in which they become known. Future developments may result in losses and loss expenses materially greater or less than recorded amounts. Except for net unpaid loss and loss expense reserves for certain structured settlements for which the timing and amount of future claim payments are reliably determinable and certain reserves for unsettled claims, Chubb does not discount its P&C loss reserves. The net undiscounted reserves related to structured settlements and certain reserves for unsettled claims are immaterial. Included in Unpaid losses and loss expenses are liabilities for A&E claims and expenses. These unpaid losses and loss expenses are principally related to claims arising from remediation costs associated with hazardous waste sites and bodily-injury claims related to asbestos products and environmental hazards. The estimation of these liabilities is particularly sensitive to changes in the legal environment including specific settlements that may be used as precedents to settle future claims. However, Chubb does not anticipate future changes in laws and regulations in setting its A&E reserve levels. Also included in Unpaid losses and loss expenses is the fair value adjustment of $90 million and $110 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, related to Chubb Corp’s historical unpaid losses and loss expenses. The estimated fair value consists of the present value of the expected net unpaid loss and loss adjustment expense payments adjusted for an estimated risk margin. The estimated cash flows are discounted at a risk free rate. The estimated risk margin varies based on the inherent risks associated with each type of reserve. The fair value is amortized through Amortization of purchased intangibles on the Consolidated statements of operations through the year 2032, based on the estimated payout patterns of unpaid loss and loss expenses at the acquisition date. Our loss reserves are presented net of contractual deductible recoverable amounts due from policyholders. Under the terms of certain high deductible policies which we offer, such as workers’ compensation and general liability, our customers are responsible to reimburse us for an agreed-upon dollar amount per claim. In nearly all cases we are required under such policies to pay covered claims first, and then seek reimbursement for amounts within the applicable deductible from our customers. We generally seek to mitigate this risk through collateral agreements. Prior period development arises from changes to loss estimates recognized in the current year that relate to loss reserves first reported in previous calendar years and excludes the effect of losses from the development of earned premiums from previous accident years. For purposes of analysis and disclosure, management views prior period development to be changes in the nominal value of loss estimates from period to period, net of premium and profit commission adjustments on loss sensitive contracts. Prior period development generally excludes changes in loss estimates that do not arise from the emergence of claims, such as those related to uncollectible reinsurance, interest, unallocated loss adjustment expenses, or foreign currency. Accordingly, specific items excluded from prior period development include the following: gains/losses related to foreign currency remeasurement; losses recognized from the early termination or commutation of reinsurance agreements that principally relate to the time value of money; changes in the value of reinsurance business assumed reflected in losses incurred but principally related to the time value of money; and losses that arise from changes in estimates of earned premiums from prior accident years. Except for foreign currency remeasurement, which is included in Net realized gains (losses), these items are included in current year losses.
Future policy benefits	Future policy benefits The valuation of long-duration contract reserves requires management to make estimates and assumptions regarding expenses, mortality, persistency, and investment yields. Estimates are primarily based on historical experience and include a margin for adverse deviation. Interest rates used in calculating reserves range from less than 1.0 percent to 9.0 percent at both December 31, 2021 and 2020. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Management monitors actual experience and where circumstances warrant, will revise assumptions and the related reserve estimates. Revisions are recorded in the period they are determined. Certain of our long-duration contracts are supported by assets that do not qualify for separate account reporting under GAAP. These assets are classified as non-qualified separate account assets and reported in Other investments and the offsetting liabilities are reported in Future policy benefits in the Consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of separate account assets that do not qualify for separate account reporting under GAAP are reported in Other income (expense) and the offsetting movements in the liabilities are included in Policy benefits in the Consolidated statements of operations.
Assumed reinsurance programs involving minimum benefit guarantees under annuity contracts	Assumed reinsurance programs involving minimum benefit guarantees under variable annuity contracts Chubb reinsures various death and living benefit guarantees associated with variable annuities issued primarily in the United States. We generally receive a monthly premium during the accumulation phase of the covered annuities (in-force) based on a percentage of either the underlying accumulated account values or the underlying accumulated guaranteed values. Depending on an annuitant's age, the accumulation phase can last many years. To limit our exposure under these programs, all reinsurance treaties include annual or aggregate claim limits and many include an aggregate deductible. The guarantees which are payable on death, referred to as guaranteed minimum death benefits (GMDB), principally cover shortfalls between accumulated account value at the time of an annuitant's death and either i) an annuitant's total deposits; ii) an annuitant's total deposits plus a minimum annual return; or iii) the highest accumulated account value attained at any policy anniversary date. In addition, a death benefit may be based on a formula specified in the variable annuity contract that uses a percentage of the growth of the underlying contract value. Liabilities for GMDBs are based on cumulative assessments or premiums to date multiplied by a benefit ratio that is determined by estimating the present value of benefit payments and related adjustment expenses divided by the present value of cumulative assessment or expected premiums during the contract period. Under reinsurance programs covering GLBs, we assume the risk of guaranteed minimum income benefits (GMIB) associated with variable annuity contracts. The GMIB risk is triggered if, at the time the contract holder elects to convert the accumulated account value to a periodic payment stream (annuitize), the accumulated account value is not sufficient to provide a guaranteed minimum level of monthly income. Our GLB reinsurance products meet the definition of a derivative for accounting purposes and are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in Realized gains (losses) in the Consolidated statements of operations. Refer to Note 10 a) for additional information.
Deposit assets and liabilities	Deposit assets and liabilities Deposit assets arise from ceded reinsurance contracts purchased that do not transfer significant underwriting or timing risk. Deposit liabilities include reinsurance deposit liabilities and contract holder deposit funds. The reinsurance deposit liabilities arise from contracts sold for which there is not a significant transfer of risk. Contract holder deposit funds represent a liability for investment contracts sold that do not meet the definition of an insurance contract, and certain of these contracts are sold with a guaranteed rate of return. Under deposit accounting, consideration received or paid is recorded as a deposit asset or liability in the balance sheet as opposed to recording premiums and losses in the statements of operations. Interest income on deposit assets, representing the consideration received or to be received in excess of cash payments related to the deposit contract, is earned based on an effective yield calculation. The calculation of the effective yield is based on the amount and timing of actual cash flows at the balance sheet date and the estimated amount and timing of future cash flows. The effective yield is recalculated periodically to reflect revised estimates of cash flows. When a change in the actual or estimated cash flows occurs, the resulting change to the carrying amount of the deposit asset is reported as income or expense. Deposit assets of $101 million and $107 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, are reflected in Other assets in the Consolidated balance sheets and the accretion of deposit assets related to interest pursuant to the effective yield calculation is reflected in Net investment income in the Consolidated statements of operations. Deposit liabilities include reinsurance deposit liabilities of $74 million and $86 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively and contract holder deposit funds of $2.2 billion for both periods. Deposit liabilities are reflected in Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities in the Consolidated balance sheets. At contract inception, the deposit liability equals net cash received. An accretion rate is established based on actuarial estimates whereby the deposit liability is increased to the estimated amount payable over the contract term. The deposit accretion rate is the rate of return required to fund expected future payment obligations. We periodically reassess the estimated ultimate liability and related expected rate of return. Changes to the deposit liability are generally reflected through Interest expense to reflect the cumulative effect of the period the contract has been in force, and by an adjustment to the future accretion rate of the liability over the remaining estimated contract term. The liability for contract holder deposit funds equals accumulated policy account values, which consist of the deposit payments plus credited interest less withdrawals and amounts assessed through the end of the period.
Property and Equipment, Policy	Property and EquipmentProperty and equipment used in operations are capitalized and carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and are reported within Other assets in the Consolidated balance sheets. At December 31, 2021, property and equipment totaled $2.0 billion, consisting principally of capitalized software costs of $1.4 billion incurred to develop or obtain computer software for internal use and company-owned facilities of $228 million. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. For capitalized software, the estimated useful life is generally three to five years, but can be as long as 15 years and for company-owned facilities the estimated useful life is 40 years. At December 31, 2020, property and equipment totaled $2.0 billion.
Property and Equipment [Line Items]
Foreign currency remeasurement and translation	Foreign currency remeasurement and translationThe functional currency for each of our foreign operations is generally the currency of the local operating environment. Transactions in currencies other than a foreign operation's functional currency are remeasured into the functional currency, and the resulting foreign exchange gains and losses are reflected in Net realized gains (losses) in the Consolidated statements of operations. Functional currency assets and liabilities are translated into the reporting currency, U.S. dollars, using period end exchange rates and the related translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of AOCI in Shareholders' equity. Functional statement of operations amounts expressed in functional currencies are translated using average exchange rates.
Administrative expenses	Administrative expensesAdministrative expenses generally include all operating costs other than policy acquisition costs. The North America Commercial P&C Insurance segment manages and uses an in-house third-party claims administrator, ESIS Inc. (ESIS). ESIS performs claims management and risk control services for domestic and international organizations that self-insure P&C exposures as well as internal P&C exposures. The net operating income of ESIS is included within Administrative expenses in the Consolidated statements of operations and were $25 million, $18 million, and $47 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.
Income taxes	Income taxesIncome taxes have been recorded related to those operations subject to income tax. Deferred tax assets and liabilities result from temporary differences between the amounts recorded in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax law or rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is recorded if it is more likely than not that all, or some portion, of the benefits related to these deferred tax assets will not be realized. The valuation allowance assessment considers tax planning strategies, where appropriate.We recognize uncertain tax positions that are determined to be more likely than not of being sustained upon examination. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.
Earnings per share	Earnings per shareBasic earnings per share is calculated using the weighted-average shares outstanding, including participating securities with non-forfeitable rights to dividends such as unvested restricted stock. All potentially dilutive securities, including stock options are excluded from the basic earnings per share calculation. In calculating diluted earnings per share, the weighted-average shares outstanding is increased to include all potentially dilutive securities. Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income by the applicable weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the year.
Share-based compensation	Share-based compensationChubb measures and records compensation cost for all share-based payment awards at grant-date fair value. Compensation costs are recognized for vesting of share-based payment awards with only service conditions on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award as if the award were, in substance, multiple awards. For retirement-eligible participants, compensation costs for certain share-based payment awards are recognized immediately at the date of grant. Refer to Note 12 for additional information.
Chubb integration expenses	Chubb integration expensesDirect costs related to the Chubb Corp acquisition were expensed as incurred. Chubb integration expenses were $23 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 and include all internal and external costs directly related to the integration activities of the Chubb Corp acquisition. These expenses principally consisted of personnel-related expenses, consulting fees, and rebranding.
New accounting pronouncements	Accounting guidance not yet adopted Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance to improve the existing recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure requirements for long-duration contracts issued by an insurance entity. The amendments in this update require more frequent updating of assumptions and a standardized discount rate for the future policy benefit liability, a requirement to use the fair value measurement model for policies with market risk benefits, simplified amortization of deferred acquisition costs, and enhanced disclosures. This standard will be effective in the first quarter of 2023 with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the effect of adopting this guidance on our financial condition and results of operations. We will be better able to quantify the effect of adopting this standard as we progress in our implementation process and draw nearer to the date of adoption.

Summary of significant accounting policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents [Table Text Block]

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and restricted cash reported within the Consolidated balance sheets that total to the amounts shown in the Consolidated statements of cash flows:


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Cash	$	1,659	$	1,747	$	1,537
Restricted cash	152		89		109
Total cash and restricted cash shown in the Consolidated statements of cash flows	$	1,811	$	1,836	$	1,646

Investments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Debt securities Available for sale


December 31, 2021	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Available for sale
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	2,111	$	—	$	109	$	(6)	$	2,214
Non-U.S.	25,156		(8)		953		(272)		25,829
Corporate and asset-backed securities	37,844		(6)		1,410		(185)		39,063
Mortgage-backed securities	20,080		—		532		(123)		20,489
Municipal	5,302		—		216		(5)		5,513
	$	90,493	$	(14)	$	3,220	$	(591)	$	93,108
	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Net Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
Held to maturity
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,213	$	—	$	1,213	$	34	$	(3)	$	1,244
Non-U.S.	1,201		(5)		1,196		66		—		1,262
Corporate and asset-backed securities	2,032		(28)		2,004		197		—		2,201
Mortgage-backed securities	1,731		(1)		1,730		74		(1)		1,803
Municipal	3,976		(1)		3,975		162		—		4,137
	$	10,153	$	(35)	$	10,118	$	533	$	(4)	$	10,647


December 31, 2020	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Available for sale
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	2,471	$	—	$	199	$	—	$	2,670
Non-U.S.	24,594		(6)		1,808		(42)		26,354
Corporate and asset-backed securities	34,095		(14)		2,322		(72)		36,331
Mortgage-backed securities	17,456		—		1,022		(8)		18,470
Municipal	6,572		—		304		(2)		6,874
	$	85,188	$	(20)	$	5,655	$	(124)	$	90,699
	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Net Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
Held to maturity
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,392	$	—	$	1,392	$	60	$	—	$	1,452
Non-U.S.	1,295		(7)		1,288		118		(1)		1,405
Corporate and asset-backed securities	2,185		(35)		2,150		288		—		2,438
Mortgage-backed securities	2,000		(1)		1,999		148		(1)		2,146
Municipal	4,825		(1)		4,824		245		—		5,069
	$	11,697	$	(44)	$	11,653	$	859	$	(2)	$	12,510

Debt Securities Held to Maturity


December 31, 2021	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Available for sale
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	2,111	$	—	$	109	$	(6)	$	2,214
Non-U.S.	25,156		(8)		953		(272)		25,829
Corporate and asset-backed securities	37,844		(6)		1,410		(185)		39,063
Mortgage-backed securities	20,080		—		532		(123)		20,489
Municipal	5,302		—		216		(5)		5,513
	$	90,493	$	(14)	$	3,220	$	(591)	$	93,108
	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Net Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
Held to maturity
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,213	$	—	$	1,213	$	34	$	(3)	$	1,244
Non-U.S.	1,201		(5)		1,196		66		—		1,262
Corporate and asset-backed securities	2,032		(28)		2,004		197		—		2,201
Mortgage-backed securities	1,731		(1)		1,730		74		(1)		1,803
Municipal	3,976		(1)		3,975		162		—		4,137
	$	10,153	$	(35)	$	10,118	$	533	$	(4)	$	10,647


December 31, 2020	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Available for sale
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	2,471	$	—	$	199	$	—	$	2,670
Non-U.S.	24,594		(6)		1,808		(42)		26,354
Corporate and asset-backed securities	34,095		(14)		2,322		(72)		36,331
Mortgage-backed securities	17,456		—		1,022		(8)		18,470
Municipal	6,572		—		304		(2)		6,874
	$	85,188	$	(20)	$	5,655	$	(124)	$	90,699
	Amortized Cost		Valuation Allowance		Net Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
Held to maturity
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,392	$	—	$	1,392	$	60	$	—	$	1,452
Non-U.S.	1,295		(7)		1,288		118		(1)		1,405
Corporate and asset-backed securities	2,185		(35)		2,150		288		—		2,438
Mortgage-backed securities	2,000		(1)		1,999		148		(1)		2,146
Municipal	4,825		(1)		4,824		245		—		5,069
	$	11,697	$	(44)	$	11,653	$	859	$	(2)	$	12,510

Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator

The following table presents the amortized cost of our HTM securities according to S&P rating:


					December 31
			2021				2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Amortized cost		% of Total		Amortized cost		% of Total
AAA	$	2,089	21	%	$	2,511	22	%
AA	5,303		52	%	6,193		53	%
A	1,964		19	%	2,138		18	%
BBB	773		8	%	826		7	%
BB	23		—	%	28		—	%
Other	1		—	%	1		—	%
Total	$	10,153	100	%	$	11,697	100	%

Schedule Of Fixed Maturities By Contractual Maturity

The following table presents fixed maturities by contractual maturity:


					December 31
			2021				2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Net Carrying Value		Fair Value		Net Carrying Value		Fair Value
Available for sale
Due in 1 year or less	$	4,498	$	4,498	$	4,760	$	4,760
Due after 1 year through 5 years	25,542		25,542		26,227		26,227
Due after 5 years through 10 years	28,207		28,207		27,232		27,232
Due after 10 years	14,372		14,372		14,010		14,010
	72,619		72,619		72,229		72,229
Mortgage-backed securities	20,489		20,489		18,470		18,470
	$	93,108	$	93,108	$	90,699	$	90,699
Held to maturity
Due in 1 year or less	$	888	$	894	$	1,231	$	1,240
Due after 1 year through 5 years	3,744		3,846		3,592		3,760
Due after 5 years through 10 years	2,242		2,349		3,029		3,228
Due after 10 years	1,514		1,755		1,802		2,136
	8,388		8,844		9,654		10,364
Mortgage-backed securities	1,730		1,803		1,999		2,146
	$	10,118	$	10,647	$	11,653	$	12,510

Schedule Of Aggregate Fair Value And Gross Unrealized Loss By Length Of Time The Security Has Continuously Been In An Unrealized Loss Position

The following tables present, for AFS fixed maturities in an unrealized loss position (including securities on loan) that are not deemed to have expected credit losses, the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by length of time the security has continuously been in an unrealized loss position:


	0 – 12 Months				Over 12 Months				Total
December 31, 2021	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	363	$	(3)	$	70	$	(3)	$	433	$	(6)
Non-U.S.	6,917		(196)		1,093		(62)		8,010		(258)
Corporate and asset-backed securities	9,449		(145)		806		(32)		10,255		(177)
Mortgage-backed securities	8,086		(116)		190		(7)		8,276		(123)
Municipal	226		(5)		—		—		226		(5)
Total AFS fixed maturities	$	25,041	$	(465)	$	2,159	$	(104)	$	27,200	$	(569)


	0 – 12 Months				Over 12 Months				Total
December 31, 2020	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Loss
(in millions of U.S. dollars)

Non-U.S.	$	1,628	$	(35)	$	114	$	(5)	$	1,742	$	(40)
Corporate and asset-backed securities	2,212		(33)		593		(14)		2,805		(47)
Mortgage-backed securities	875		(6)		35		(2)		910		(8)
Municipal	40		(1)		16		(1)		56		(2)
Total AFS fixed maturities	$	4,755	$	(75)	$	758	$	(22)	$	5,513	$	(97)

Schedule Of Net Realized Gains (Losses) And The Losses Included In Net Realized Gains (Losses) And OCI

The following table presents the components of net realized gains (losses) and the change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Fixed maturities:
OTTI on fixed maturities, gross	$	—	$	—	$	(90)
OTTI on fixed maturities recognized in OCI (pre-tax)	—		—		32
OTTI on fixed maturities, net	—		—		(58)
Gross realized gains excluding OTTI	142		244		203
Gross realized losses excluding OTTI	(123)		(366)		(176)
Net (provision for) recovery of expected credit losses	14		11		—
Impairment (1)	(30)		(170)		—
Total fixed maturities	3		(281)		(31)
Equity securities	662		586		104

Other investments	111		(32)		(20)
Foreign exchange	348		(483)		7
Investment and embedded derivative instruments	(72)		81		(435)
Fair value adjustments on insurance derivative	316		(202)		(4)
S&P futures	(202)		(108)		(138)
Other derivative instruments	(8)		1		(8)
Other	(6)		(60)		(5)
Net realized gains (losses) (pre-tax)	$	1,152	$	(498)	$	(530)

Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments (pre-tax):
Fixed maturities available for sale	$	(2,901)	$	2,628	$	3,769
Fixed maturities held to maturity	(18)		(24)		(31)

Other	(19)		(12)		(3)
Income tax (expense) benefit	521		(462)		(647)
Change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments (after-tax)	$	(2,417)	$	2,130	$	3,088

Gain (Loss) on Securities [Table Text Block]

Realized gains and losses from Equity securities and Other investments from the table above include sales of securities and unrealized gains and losses from fair value changes as follows:


													Year Ended December 31
	2021						2020						2019
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Equity Securities		Other Investments		Total		Equity Securities		Other Investments		Total		Equity Securities		Other Investments		Total
Net gains (losses) recognized during the period	$	662	$	111	$	773	$	586	$	(32)	$	554	$	104	$	(20)	$	84
Less: Net gains (losses) recognized from sales of securities	157		—		157		455		—		455		58		(5)		53
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized for securities still held at reporting date	$	505	$	111	$	616	$	131	$	(32)	$	99	$	46	$	(15)	$	31

Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss

The following table presents a roll-forward of valuation allowance for expected credit losses on fixed maturities:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Available for sale
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - beginning of period	$	20	$	—
Impact of adoption of new accounting guidance	—		25
Provision for expected credit loss	14		188
Initial allowance for purchased securities with credit deterioration	—		5
Write-offs charged against the expected credit loss	—		(5)
Recovery of expected credit loss	(20)		(193)
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - end of period	$	14	$	20
Held to maturity
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - beginning of period	$	44	$	—
Impact of adoption of new accounting guidance	—		44
Provision for expected credit loss	1		9


Recovery of expected credit loss	(10)		(9)
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - end of period	$	35	$	44

The following table presents a roll-forward of pre-tax credit losses related to fixed maturities for which a portion of OTTI was recognized in OCI:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)		2019
Balance of credit losses related to securities still held – beginning of year		$	34
Additions where no OTTI was previously recorded		33
Additions where an OTTI was previously recorded		4
Reductions for securities sold during the period		(41)
Balance of credit losses related to securities still held – end of year		$	30

Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss

The following table presents a roll-forward of valuation allowance for expected credit losses on fixed maturities:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Available for sale
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - beginning of period	$	20	$	—
Impact of adoption of new accounting guidance	—		25
Provision for expected credit loss	14		188
Initial allowance for purchased securities with credit deterioration	—		5
Write-offs charged against the expected credit loss	—		(5)
Recovery of expected credit loss	(20)		(193)
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - end of period	$	14	$	20
Held to maturity
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - beginning of period	$	44	$	—
Impact of adoption of new accounting guidance	—		44
Provision for expected credit loss	1		9


Recovery of expected credit loss	(10)		(9)
Valuation allowance for expected credit losses - end of period	$	35	$	44

The following table presents a roll-forward of pre-tax credit losses related to fixed maturities for which a portion of OTTI was recognized in OCI:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)		2019
Balance of credit losses related to securities still held – beginning of year		$	34
Additions where no OTTI was previously recorded		33
Additions where an OTTI was previously recorded		4
Reductions for securities sold during the period		(41)
Balance of credit losses related to securities still held – end of year		$	30

Schedule Of Other Investments


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Alternative investments:
Partially-owned investment companies	$	9,210	$	5,969
Limited partnerships	631		547
Investment funds	267		254
Alternative investments	10,108		6,770
Life insurance policies	481		438
Policy loans	243		233
Non-qualified separate account assets (1)	278		316
Other	59		188
Total	$	11,169	$	7,945

Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Table Text Block]

The following table presents, by investment category, the expected liquidation period, fair value, and maximum future funding commitments of alternative investments:


						December 31
		2021				2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Expected Liquidation Period of Underlying Assets	Fair Value		Maximum Future Funding Commitments		Fair Value		Maximum Future Funding Commitments
Financial	2 to 10 Years	$	1,096	$	267	$	673	$	237
Real assets	2 to 11 Years	1,193		766		805		598
Distressed	2 to 8 Years	753		641		358		970
Private credit	3 to 8 Years	84		279		88		270
Traditional	2 to 14 Years	6,647		5,200		4,519		1,125
Vintage	1 to 2 Years	68		—		73		—
Investment funds	Not Applicable	267		—		254		—
		$	10,108	$	7,153	$	6,770	$	3,200

Schedule Of Partially Owned Insurance Companies

The following table presents Investments in partially-owned insurance companies:



	December 31, 2021						December 31, 2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars, except for percentages)	Carrying Value		Goodwill		Direct Ownership Percentage		Carrying Value		Goodwill		Direct Ownership Percentage		Domicile
Huatai Group	$	2,698	$	1,355	47	%	$	2,461	$	1,313	47	%	China
Huatai Life Insurance Company	253		71		20	%	201		69		20	%	China
Freisenbruch-Meyer	10		3		40	%	10		3		40	%	Bermuda
Chubb Arabia Cooperative Insurance Company	23		—		30	%	23		—		30	%	Saudi Arabia
Russian Reinsurance Company	4		—		23	%	4		—		23	%	Russia
ABR Reinsurance Ltd.	142		—		17	%	114		—		16	%	Bermuda

Total	$	3,130	$	1,429			$	2,813	$	1,385

Schedule Of Sources Of Net Investment Income


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Fixed maturities (1)	$	3,300	$	3,321	$	3,385
Short-term investments	35		48		84
Other interest income	11		19		25
Equity securities	150		81		26
Other investments	147		82		78
Gross investment income (1)	3,643		3,551		3,598
Investment expenses	(187)		(176)		(172)
Net investment income (1)	$	3,456	$	3,375	$	3,426
(1) Includes amortization expense related to fair value adjustment of acquired invested assets related to the Chubb Corp acquisition	$	(84)	$	(116)	$	(161)

Schedule Of Components Of Restricted Assets

The following table presents the components of restricted assets:


			December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Trust funds	$	9,915	$	12,305
Deposits with U.S. regulatory authorities	2,402		2,438
Deposits with non-U.S. regulatory authorities	2,873		2,905
Assets pledged under repurchase agreements	1,420		1,462
Other pledged assets	634		584
Total	$	17,244	$	19,694

Fair value measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Financial Instruments Measured At Fair Value On A Recurring Basis

Financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by valuation hierarchy


December 31, 2021	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Assets:
Fixed maturities available for sale
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,680	$	534	$	—	$	2,214
Non-U.S.	—		25,196		633		25,829
Corporate and asset-backed securities	—		37,014		2,049		39,063
Mortgage-backed securities	—		20,463		26		20,489
Municipal	—		5,513		—		5,513
	1,680		88,720		2,708		93,108
Equity securities	4,705		—		77		4,782
Short-term investments	1,744		1,395		7		3,146
Other investments (1)	286		481		—		767
Securities lending collateral	—		1,831		—		1,831
Investment derivative instruments	58		—		—		58

Separate account assets	5,461		99		—		5,560
Total assets measured at fair value (1)	$	13,934	$	92,526	$	2,792	$	109,252
Liabilities:
Investment derivative instruments	$	166	$	—	$	—	$	166
Other derivative instruments	16		—		—		16
GLB (2)	—		—		745		745
Total liabilities measured at fair value	$	182	$	—	$	745	$	927

(1)Excluded from the table above are partially-owned investments, investment funds, and limited partnerships of $10,108 million, policy loans of $243 million and other investments of $51 million at December 31, 2021 measured using NAV as a practical expedient.

(2)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.


December 31, 2020	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Assets:
Fixed maturities available for sale
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	2,148	$	522	$	—	$	2,670
Non-U.S.	—		25,808		546		26,354
Corporate and asset-backed securities	—		34,758		1,573		36,331
Mortgage-backed securities	—		18,410		60		18,470
Municipal	—		6,874		—		6,874
	2,148		86,372		2,179		90,699
Equity securities	3,954		—		73		4,027
Short-term investments	2,866		1,474		5		4,345
Other investments (1)	434		438		10		882
Securities lending collateral	—		1,844		—		1,844
Investment derivative instruments	35		—		—		35

Separate account assets	4,264		124		—		4,388
Total assets measured at fair value (1)	$	13,701	$	90,252	$	2,267	$	106,220
Liabilities:
Investment derivative instruments	$	52	$	—	$	—	$	52
Other derivative instruments	17		—		—		17

GLB (2)	—		—		1,089		1,089
Total liabilities measured at fair value	$	69	$	—	$	1,089	$	1,158

(1)Excluded from the table above are partially-owned investments, investment funds, and limited partnerships of $6,770 million, policy loans of $233 million and other investments of $60 million at December 31, 2020 measured using NAV as a practical expedient.

(2)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.

Schedule Of Significant Unobservable Inputs Used In Level 3 Liability Valuations

The following table presents the significant unobservable inputs used in the Level 3 liability valuations. Excluded from the table below are inputs used to determine the fair value of Level 3 assets which are based on single broker quotes and contain no quantitative unobservable inputs developed by management. The majority of our fixed maturities classified as Level 3 used external pricing when markets are less liquid due to the lack of market inputs (i.e., stale pricing, broker quotes).


(in millions of U.S. dollars, except for percentages)	Fair Value at December 31 2021		Valuation Technique	Significant Unobservable Inputs	Ranges	Weighted Average (1)
GLB (1)	$	745	Actuarial model	Lapse rate	3% - 31%	4.5	%
				Annuitization rate	0% - 100%	3.6	%

(1)The weighted average lapse and annuitization rates are determined by weighting each treaty's rates by the GLB contracts fair value.

Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation

The following tables present a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of financial instruments measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):


											Assets		Liabilities
	Available-for-Sale Debt Securities						Equity securities		Short-term investments		Other investments		GLB (1)
Year Ended December 31, 2021	Non-U.S.		Corporate and asset-backed securities		Mortgage-backed securities
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Balance, beginning of year	$	546	$	1,573	$	60	$	73	$	5	$	10	$	1,089
Transfers into Level 3	24		91		—		—		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3	(11)		(76)		(18)		—		—		(10)		—
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses in OCI	(30)		15		—		—		(1)		—		—
Net Realized Gains/Losses	(1)		(2)		—		8		—		—		(316)
Purchases	275		1,154		18		21		9		—		—
Sales	(48)		(99)		(1)		(25)		—		—		—
Settlements	(122)		(607)		(33)		—		(6)		—		—
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—		(28)
Balance, end of year	$	633	$	2,049	$	26	$	77	$	7	$	—	$	745
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date	$	—	$	3	$	—	$	5	$	—	$	—	$	(316)
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date	$	(25)	$	17	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.


	Assets												Liabilities
	Available-for-Sale Debt Securities						Equity securities		Short-term investments		Other investments		GLB (1)
Year Ended December 31, 2020	Non-U.S.		Corporate and asset-backed securities		Mortgage-backed securities
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Balance, beginning of year	$	449	$	1,451	$	60	$	69	$	6	$	10	$	897
Transfers into Level 3	—		134		—		—		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3	(16)		(73)		(1)		(3)		—		—		—
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses in OCI	19		(8)		—		—		—		—		—
Net Realized Gains/Losses	(1)		(30)		—		1		(1)		—		202
Purchases	274		708		2		23		14		—		—
Sales	(122)		(186)		—		(17)		(2)		—		—
Settlements	(57)		(423)		(1)		—		(12)		—		—
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—		(10)
Balance, end of year	$	546	$	1,573	$	60	$	73	$	5	$	10	$	1,089
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date	$	—	$	(5)	$	—	$	4	$	—	$	—	$	202
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date	$	16	$	(6)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.


	Assets												Liabilities
	Available-for-Sale Debt Securities								Short-term investments					GLB (1)
Year Ended December 31, 2019	Non-U.S.		Corporate and asset-backed securities		Mortgage-backed securities		Equity securities				Other investments
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Balance, beginning of year	$	345	$	1,299	$	61	$	57	$	1	$	11		$	861
Transfers into Level 3	11		23		—		—		—		—			—
Transfers out of Level 3	(24)		(38)		(16)		—		—		—			—
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses in OCI	13		(2)		—		1		—		—			—
Net Realized Gains/Losses	(1)		(4)		—		(2)		—		—			4
Purchases	228		577		19		34		6		—			—
Sales	(70)		(125)		(1)		(21)		—		—			—
Settlements	(53)		(279)		(3)		—		(1)		(1)			—
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—			32
Balance, end of year	$	449	$	1,451	$	60	$	69	$	6	$	10		$	897
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date	$	—	$	(2)	$	—	$	(3)	$	—	$	—		$	4
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date	$	7	$	(8)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—

(1)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Table Text Block]


											Assets		Liabilities
	Available-for-Sale Debt Securities						Equity securities		Short-term investments		Other investments		GLB (1)
Year Ended December 31, 2021	Non-U.S.		Corporate and asset-backed securities		Mortgage-backed securities
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Balance, beginning of year	$	546	$	1,573	$	60	$	73	$	5	$	10	$	1,089
Transfers into Level 3	24		91		—		—		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3	(11)		(76)		(18)		—		—		(10)		—
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses in OCI	(30)		15		—		—		(1)		—		—
Net Realized Gains/Losses	(1)		(2)		—		8		—		—		(316)
Purchases	275		1,154		18		21		9		—		—
Sales	(48)		(99)		(1)		(25)		—		—		—
Settlements	(122)		(607)		(33)		—		(6)		—		—
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—		(28)
Balance, end of year	$	633	$	2,049	$	26	$	77	$	7	$	—	$	745
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date	$	—	$	3	$	—	$	5	$	—	$	—	$	(316)
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date	$	(25)	$	17	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.


	Assets												Liabilities
	Available-for-Sale Debt Securities						Equity securities		Short-term investments		Other investments		GLB (1)
Year Ended December 31, 2020	Non-U.S.		Corporate and asset-backed securities		Mortgage-backed securities
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Balance, beginning of year	$	449	$	1,451	$	60	$	69	$	6	$	10	$	897
Transfers into Level 3	—		134		—		—		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3	(16)		(73)		(1)		(3)		—		—		—
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses in OCI	19		(8)		—		—		—		—		—
Net Realized Gains/Losses	(1)		(30)		—		1		(1)		—		202
Purchases	274		708		2		23		14		—		—
Sales	(122)		(186)		—		(17)		(2)		—		—
Settlements	(57)		(423)		(1)		—		(12)		—		—
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—		(10)
Balance, end of year	$	546	$	1,573	$	60	$	73	$	5	$	10	$	1,089
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date	$	—	$	(5)	$	—	$	4	$	—	$	—	$	202
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date	$	16	$	(6)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.


	Assets												Liabilities
	Available-for-Sale Debt Securities								Short-term investments					GLB (1)
Year Ended December 31, 2019	Non-U.S.		Corporate and asset-backed securities		Mortgage-backed securities		Equity securities				Other investments
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Balance, beginning of year	$	345	$	1,299	$	61	$	57	$	1	$	11		$	861
Transfers into Level 3	11		23		—		—		—		—			—
Transfers out of Level 3	(24)		(38)		(16)		—		—		—			—
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses in OCI	13		(2)		—		1		—		—			—
Net Realized Gains/Losses	(1)		(4)		—		(2)		—		—			4
Purchases	228		577		19		34		6		—			—
Sales	(70)		(125)		(1)		(21)		—		—			—
Settlements	(53)		(279)		(3)		—		(1)		(1)			—
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—			32
Balance, end of year	$	449	$	1,451	$	60	$	69	$	6	$	10		$	897
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date	$	—	$	(2)	$	—	$	(3)	$	—	$	—		$	4
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date	$	7	$	(8)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—

(1)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.

Carrying Values And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments Not Measured At Fair Value


December 31, 2021	Fair Value								Net Carrying Value
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Fixed maturities held to maturity
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,192	$	52	$	—	$	1,244	$	1,213
Non-U.S.	—		1,262		—		1,262		1,196
Corporate and asset-backed securities	—		2,201		—		2,201		2,004
Mortgage-backed securities	—		1,803		—		1,803		1,730
Municipal	—		4,137		—		4,137		3,975
Total assets	$	1,192	$	9,455	$	—	$	10,647	$	10,118
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	$	—	$	1,406	$	—	$	1,406	$	1,406
Short-term debt	—		1,019		—		1,019		999
Long-term debt	—		16,848		—		16,848		15,169
Trust preferred securities	—		460		—		460		308
Total liabilities	$	—	$	19,733	$	—	$	19,733	$	17,882


December 31, 2020	Fair Value								Net Carrying Value
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Fixed maturities held to maturity
U.S. Treasury / Agency	$	1,395	$	57	$	—	$	1,452	$	1,392
Non-U.S.	—		1,405		—		1,405		1,288
Corporate and asset-backed securities	—		2,438		—		2,438		2,150
Mortgage-backed securities	—		2,146		—		2,146		1,999
Municipal	—		5,069		—		5,069		4,824
Total assets	$	1,395	$	11,115	$	—	$	12,510	$	11,653
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	$	—	$	1,405	$	—	$	1,405	$	1,405

Long-term debt	—		17,487		—		17,487		14,948
Trust preferred securities	—		473		—		473		308
Total liabilities	$	—	$	19,365	$	—	$	19,365	$	16,661

Reinsurance (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of direct, assumed and ceded premiums

The following table presents direct, assumed, and ceded premiums:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Premiums written
Direct	$	42,811	$	37,749	$	36,848
Assumed	3,969		3,512		3,276
Ceded	(8,912)		(7,441)		(7,849)
Net	$	37,868	$	33,820	$	32,275
Premiums earned
Direct	$	41,138	$	37,037	$	35,876
Assumed	3,650		3,323		3,107
Ceded	(8,433)		(7,243)		(7,693)
Net	$	36,355	$	33,117	$	31,290

Schedule of Reinsurance Recoverable on Ceded Insurance

b) Reinsurance recoverable on ceded reinsurance


	December 31, 2021				December 31, 2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Net Reinsurance Recoverable (1)		Valuation allowance		Net Reinsurance Recoverable (1)		Valuation allowance
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses and loss expenses	$	16,184	$	271	$	14,647	$	257
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses and loss expenses	1,182		58		945		57
Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses	$	17,366	$	329	$	15,592	$	314
Reinsurance recoverable on policy benefits	$	213	$	4	$	206	$	5

Reinsurance Recoverable, Allowance for Credit Loss

The following table presents a roll-forward of valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance related to Reinsurance recoverable on loss and loss expenses:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance - beginning of period	$	314	$	316
Provision for uncollectible reinsurance	66		21
Write-offs charged against the valuation allowance	(50)		(25)
Foreign exchange revaluation	(1)		2
Valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance - end of period	$	329	$	314

Schedule of Reinsurance Recoverable And Provision by Category of Reinsurer

The following tables present a listing, at December 31, 2021, of the categories of Chubb's reinsurers:


December 31, 2021	Gross Reinsurance Recoverable on Loss and Loss Expenses		Valuation allowance for Uncollectible Reinsurance		% of Gross Reinsurance Recoverable
(in millions of U.S. dollars, except for percentages)
Categories
Largest reinsurers	$	8,441	$	102	1.2	%
Other reinsurers rated A- or better	5,435		63		1.2	%
Other reinsurers rated lower than A- or not rated	315		48		15.3	%
Pools	415		10		2.4	%
Structured settlements	516		13		2.5	%
Captives	2,325		28		1.2	%
Other	248		65		26.2	%
Total	$	17,695	$	329	1.9	%

Intangible Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill roll-forward by business segment

The following table presents a roll-forward of Goodwill by segment:


(in millions of U.S. dollars)	North America Commercial P&C Insurance		North America Personal P&C Insurance		North America Agricultural Insurance		Overseas General Insurance		Global Reinsurance		Life Insurance		Chubb Consolidated
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	6,955	$	2,234	$	134	$	4,785	$	371	$	817	$	15,296
Acquisition of Banchile Seguros de Vida	—		—		—		16		—		28		44
Foreign exchange revaluation and other	17		6		—		35		—		2		60
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	6,972	$	2,240	$	134	$	4,836	$	371	$	847	$	15,400

Foreign exchange revaluation and other	—		—		—		(183)		—		(4)		(187)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	6,972	$	2,240	$	134	$	4,653	$	371	$	843	$	15,213

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

Other intangible assets

Other intangible assets that are subject to amortization principally relate to agency distribution relationships and renewal rights and other intangible assets that are not subject to amortization principally relate to trademarks.


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Subject to amortization	$	2,508	$	2,846
Not subject to amortization	2,947		2,965
Total	$	5,455	$	5,811

Amortization expense related to purchased intangibles was $287 million, $290 million, and $305 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019.

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense [Table Text Block]

The following table presents, as of December 31, 2021, the expected estimated pre-tax amortization expense (benefit) of purchased intangibles, at current foreign currency exchange rates, for the next five years:


	Associated with the Chubb Corp Acquisition
For the Years Ending December 31 (in millions of U.S. dollars)	Agency distribution relationships and renewal rights		Fair value adjustment on Unpaid losses and loss expense (1)		Total		Other intangible assets		Total Amortization of purchased intangibles
2022	$	196	$	(14)	$	182	$	99	$	281
2023	177		(6)		171		94		265
2024	160		(6)		154		88		242
2025	144		(6)		138		87		225
2026	130		(6)		124		85		209
Total	$	807	$	(38)	$	769	$	453	$	1,222

(1)In connection with the Chubb Corp acquisition, we recorded an increase to Unpaid losses and loss expenses acquired to adjust the carrying value of Chubb Corp's historical Unpaid losses and loss expenses to fair value as of the acquisition date. This fair value adjustment amortizes through Amortization of purchased intangibles on the Consolidated statements of operations through the year 2032. The balance of the fair value adjustment on Unpaid losses and loss expense was $90 million and $110 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Refer to Note 1(h) for additional information.

VOBA

The following table presents a roll-forward of VOBA:


(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Balance, beginning of year	$	263	$	306	$	295
Amortization of VOBA (1)	(22)		(27)		(24)
Foreign exchange revaluation and other	(5)		(16)		35
Balance, end of year	$	236	$	263	$	306

(1)Recognized in Policy acquisition costs in the Consolidated statements of operations.

The following table presents, as of December 31, 2021, the expected estimated pre-tax amortization expense related to VOBA for the next five years at current foreign exchange rates:


For the Years Ending December 31	VOBA
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
2022	$	20
2023	18
2024	17
2025	16
2026	14

Unpaid losses and loss expenses (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Abstract]

Schedule Of Unpaid Losses And Loss Expenses Roll Forward

Chubb establishes reserves for the estimated unpaid ultimate liability for losses and loss expenses under the terms of its policies and agreements. Reserves include estimates for both claims that have been reported and for IBNR claims, and include estimates of expenses associated with processing and settling these claims. Reserves are recorded in Unpaid losses and loss expenses in the consolidated balance sheets. While we believe that our reserves for unpaid losses and loss expenses at December 31, 2021 are adequate, new information or trends may lead to future developments in incurred loss and loss expenses significantly greater or less than the reserves provided. Any such revisions could result in future changes in estimates of losses or reinsurance recoverable and would be reflected in our results of operations in the period in which the estimates are changed.

The following table presents a reconciliation of beginning and ending Unpaid losses and loss expenses:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Gross unpaid losses and loss expenses, beginning of year	$	67,811	$	62,690	$	62,960
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses (1)	(14,647)		(14,181)		(14,689)
Net unpaid losses and loss expenses, beginning of year	53,164		48,509		48,271


Net losses and loss expenses incurred in respect of losses occurring in:
Current year	22,966		22,124		19,575
Prior years (2)	(986)		(414)		(845)
Total	21,980		21,710		18,730
Net losses and loss expenses paid in respect of losses occurring in:
Current year	7,836		7,782		7,894
Prior years	10,048		9,652		10,579
Total	17,884		17,434		18,473
Foreign currency revaluation and other	(501)		379		(19)
Net unpaid losses and loss expenses, end of year	56,759		53,164		48,509
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses (1)	16,184		14,647		14,181
Gross unpaid losses and loss expenses, end of year	$	72,943	$	67,811	$	62,690

(1) Net of valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance.

(2) Relates to prior period loss reserve development only and excludes prior period development related to reinstatement premiums, expense adjustments and earned premiums totaling $60 million, $19 million, and $53 million for 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Table Text Block]

The following table presents a reconciliation of the loss development tables to the liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses in the consolidated balance sheet:


Reconciliation of Reserve Balances to Liability for Unpaid Loss and Loss Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Presented in the loss development tables:
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Workers' Compensation	$	9,942
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Liability	18,736
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Other Casualty	2,304
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Non-Casualty	2,963
North America Personal P&C Insurance	3,035
Overseas General Insurance — Casualty	7,052
Overseas General Insurance — Non-Casualty	2,984
Global Reinsurance — Casualty	1,191
Global Reinsurance — Non-Casualty	372
Excluded from the loss development tables:
Other	5,361
Net unpaid loss and allocated loss adjustment expense	53,940
Ceded unpaid loss and allocated loss adjustment expense:
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Workers' Compensation	1,379
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Liability	6,263
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Other Casualty	638
North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Non-Casualty	1,631
North America Personal P&C Insurance	632
Overseas General Insurance — Casualty	2,363
Overseas General Insurance — Non-Casualty	1,868
Global Reinsurance — Casualty	33
Global Reinsurance — Non-Casualty	89
Other	1,414
Ceded unpaid loss and allocated loss adjustment expense	16,310
Unpaid loss and loss expense on other than short-duration contracts (1)	1,090
Unpaid unallocated loss adjustment expenses	1,603
Unpaid losses and loss expenses	$	72,943

(1) Primarily includes the claims reserve of our International A&H business and Life Insurance segment reserves.

Claims Development tables [Table Text Block]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Workers' Compensation — Long-tail

This product line has a substantial geographic spread and a broad mix across industries. Types of coverage include risk management business predominantly with high deductible policies, loss sensitive business (i.e., retrospectively-rated policies), business fronted for captives, as well as excess and primary guaranteed cost coverages.

The triangle below shows all loss and allocated expense development for the workers' compensation product line. In our prior period development disclosure, we exclude any loss development where there is a directly related premium adjustment. For workers' compensation, changes in the exposure base due to payroll audits will drive changes in ultimate losses. In addition, we record involuntary pool assumptions (premiums and losses) on a lagged basis. Both of these items will influence the development in the triangle, particularly the first prior accident year, and are included in the reconciliation table presented on page F-58.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	1,050	$	1,011		$	1,030	$	1,040	$	1,011	$	989	$	986	$	977	$	953	$	952	$	224	44
2013			1,109			1,108		1,122		1,127		1,086		1,073		1,037		1,014		989		252		43
2014						1,207		1,201		1,217		1,215		1,163		1,100		1,073		1,037		305		45
2015								1,282		1,259		1,276		1,279		1,217		1,154		1,128		379		50
2016										1,367		1,361		1,383		1,378		1,269		1,206		439		52
2017												1,413		1,380		1,399		1,393		1,376		679		50
2018														1,359		1,361		1,379		1,385		681		51
2019																1,391		1,384		1,401		718		47
2020																		1,367		1,387		903		31
2021																				1,348		1,033		30
Total																				$	12,209


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	111	$	271		$	365	$	436	$	486	$	532	$	574	$	592	$	612	$	626
2013			107			286		422		506		553		587		616		633		650
2014						113		295		410		484		532		566		599		617
2015								116		301		418		501		564		606		628
2016										122		326		452		529		584		621
2017												120		313		437		516		564
2018														130		329		451		528
2019																143		341		467
2020																		111		282
2021																				120
Total																				$	5,103


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	2,836
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	7,106
All Accident years	$	9,942

North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Liability — Long-tail

This line consists of primary and excess liability exposures, medical liability, and professional lines, including directors and officers (D&O) liability, errors and omissions (E&O) liability, employment practices liability (EPL), fidelity bonds, and fiduciary liability.

The primary and excess liability business represents the largest part of these exposures. The former includes both monoline and commercial package liability. The latter includes a substantial proportion of commercial umbrella, excess and high excess business, where loss activity can produce significant volatility in the loss triangles at later ages within an accident year (and sometimes across years) due to the size of the limits afforded and the complex nature of the underlying losses.

This line includes management and professional liability products provided to a wide variety of clients, from national accounts to small firms along with private and not-for-profit organizations, distributed through brokers, agents, wholesalers and MGAs. Many of these coverages, particularly D&O and E&O, are typically written on a claims-made form. While most of the coverages are underwritten on a primary basis, there are significant amounts of excess exposure with large policy limits.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	3,552	$	3,628		$	3,614	$	3,565	$	3,525	$	3,427	$	3,331	$	3,235	$	3,235	$	3,308	$	302	25
2013			3,547			3,542		3,543		3,533		3,430		3,216		3,122		2,964		2,956		252		25
2014						3,535		3,586		3,675		3,718		3,656		3,470		3,346		3,198		381		24
2015								3,560		3,709		3,819		3,977		3,943		3,736		3,709		714		27
2016										3,534		3,595		3,692		3,805		3,799		3,771		773		27
2017												3,322		3,499		3,581		3,631		3,552		1,156		27
2018														3,375		3,494		3,697		3,828		1,445		28
2019																3,452		3,628		3,867		1,982		30
2020																		4,106		3,832		2,780		24
2021																				4,322		3,941		25
Total																				$	36,343


North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Liability — Long-tail (continued)
Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	166	$	656		$	1,172	$	1,680	$	2,093	$	2,327	$	2,502	$	2,619	$	2,688	$	2,783
2013			130			548		1,192		1,597		2,007		2,232		2,374		2,465		2,525
2014						164		679		1,250		1,804		2,202		2,442		2,584		2,673
2015								138		605		1,206		1,856		2,291		2,533		2,749
2016										171		663		1,336		1,975		2,334		2,596
2017												161		617		1,162		1,701		2,003
2018														190		754		1,303		1,777
2019																176		671		1,248
2020																		152		590
2021																				175
Total																				$	19,119


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	1,512
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	17,224
All Accident years	$	18,736

This product line consists of the remaining commercial casualty coverages such as automobile liability and aviation. There is also a small portion of commercial multi-peril (CMP) business in accident years 2014 and prior. The paid and reported data are impacted by some catastrophe loss activity primarily on the CMP exposures just noted.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	634	$	606		$	577	$	561	$	520	$	519	$	509	$	507	$	505	$	500	$	2	16
2013			527			531		523		516		469		462		462		458		461		12		18
2014						595		583		581		597		555		539		539		531		14		17
2015								487		470		502		515		458		455		463		31		15
2016										504		502		527		524		481		480		51		16
2017												532		566		577		616		605		79		17
2018														536		564		575		580		110		17
2019																606		637		686		219		16
2020																		646		634		372		11
2021																				675		515		9
Total																				$	5,615


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	69	$	223		$	320	$	387	$	435	$	470	$	487	$	493	$	502	$	496
2013			69			197		271		348		385		412		419		426		439
2014						80		220		317		391		455		473		501		509
2015								47		137		215		305		371		395		412
2016										52		145		246		324		375		398
2017												66		175		313		381		446
2018														74		169		270		365
2019																70		190		318
2020																		53		151
2021																				60
Total																				$	3,594


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	283
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	2,021
All Accident years	$	2,304

This product line represents first party commercial product lines that are short-tailed in nature, such as property, inland marine, ocean marine, surety and A&H. There is a wide diversity of products, primary and excess coverages, and policy sizes. During this ten-year period, this product line was also impacted by natural catastrophes mainly in the 2012, 2017, and 2018 accident years.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	2,033	$	1,916		$	1,883	$	1,864	$	1,859	$	1,847	$	1,844	$	1,850	$	1,844	$	1,848	$	5	426
2013			1,434			1,424		1,337		1,360		1,340		1,340		1,338		1,344		1,343		5		455
2014						1,643		1,661		1,579		1,559		1,549		1,550		1,558		1,552		3		483
2015								1,736		1,745		1,650		1,638		1,605		1,589		1,592		(6)		545
2016										1,911		1,890		1,800		1,782		1,818		1,832		34		650
2017												2,704		2,608		2,504		2,521		2,513		51		763
2018														2,053		2,240		2,175		2,167		41		903
2019																2,052		2,037		1,959		67		1,042
2020																		3,148		2,951		357		1,118
2021																				2,947		1,249		726
Total																				$	20,704


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	715	$	1,577		$	1,698	$	1,767	$	1,795	$	1,822	$	1,816	$	1,842	$	1,844	$	1,839
2013			651			1,138		1,238		1,285		1,311		1,324		1,333		1,335		1,336
2014						820		1,373		1,484		1,506		1,532		1,546		1,554		1,558
2015								727		1,343		1,488		1,556		1,572		1,574		1,587
2016										846		1,505		1,656		1,733		1,760		1,786
2017												979		2,087		2,302		2,392		2,406
2018														1,027		1,825		2,018		2,074
2019																1,030		1,677		1,804
2020																		1,396		2,271
2021																				1,087
Total																				$	17,748


North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Non-Casualty — Short-tail (continued)
Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	7
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	2,956
All Accident years	$	2,963

North America Personal P&C Insurance — Short-tail

Chubb provides personal lines coverages for high-net-worth individuals and families in North America including homeowners, automobile, valuable articles (including fine art), umbrella liability, and recreational marine insurance offered through independent regional agents and brokers. A portfolio acquired from Fireman’s Fund is presented on a prospective basis beginning in May of accident year 2015. Reserves associated with prior accident periods were acquired through a loss portfolio transfer, which does not allow for a retrospective presentation. During this ten-year period, this segment was also impacted by natural catastrophes, mainly in 2012, 2017 and 2018 accident years.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	2,186	$	2,183		$	2,183	$	2,191	$	2,186	$	2,186	$	2,189	$	2,194	$	2,190	$	2,188	$	5	188
2013			1,860			1,889		1,897		1,900		1,925		1,937		1,945		1,948		1,949		23		132
2014						2,205		2,206		2,192		2,146		2,160		2,147		2,141		2,141		11		144
2015								2,495		2,550		2,561		2,544		2,563		2,570		2,566		12		148
2016										2,440		2,536		2,545		2,482		2,471		2,464		27		154
2017												3,035		3,069		3,002		2,998		2,998		63		163
2018														3,010		3,037		3,103		3,118		197		169
2019																2,957		2,993		2,994		209		156
2020																		2,931		2,634		376		121
2021																				3,037		1,025		103
Total																				$	26,089


North America Personal P&C Insurance — Short-tail (continued)
Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	1,177	$	1,806		$	1,957	$	2,063	$	2,117	$	2,150	$	2,164	$	2,164	$	2,165	$	2,177
2013			1,043			1,505		1,688		1,787		1,843		1,885		1,895		1,917		1,916
2014						1,310		1,765		1,926		2,035		2,080		2,106		2,116		2,123
2015								1,499		2,084		2,271		2,392		2,478		2,508		2,533
2016										1,453		2,052		2,211		2,314		2,370		2,398
2017												1,698		2,520		2,668		2,799		2,870
2018														1,926		2,549		2,706		2,865
2019																1,668		2,437		2,617
2020																		1,334		1,995
2021																				1,587
Total																				$	23,081


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	27
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	3,008
All Accident years	$	3,035

This product line is comprised of D&O liability, E&O liability, financial institutions (including crime/fidelity coverages), and non-U.S. general liability as well as aviation and political risk. Exposures are located around the world, including Europe, Latin America, and Asia. Approximately 46 percent of Chubb Overseas General business is generated by European accounts, exclusive of Lloyd's market. There is some U.S. exposure in Casualty from multinational accounts and in financial lines for Lloyd's market. The financial lines coverages are typically written on a claims-made form, while general liability coverages are typically on an occurrence basis and comprised of a mix of primary and excess businesses.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	1,249	$	1,219		$	1,282	$	1,300	$	1,297	$	1,287	$	1,267	$	1,257	$	1,227	$	1,237	$	62	38
2013			1,238			1,234		1,230		1,274		1,228		1,195		1,137		1,104		1,124		73		39
2014						1,237		1,307		1,316		1,331		1,248		1,165		1,125		1,134		101		40
2015								1,153		1,249		1,278		1,301		1,278		1,219		1,202		137		42
2016										1,189		1,289		1,356		1,385		1,373		1,382		286		43
2017												1,180		1,282		1,330		1,379		1,343		205		44
2018														1,279		1,330		1,392		1,434		493		44
2019																1,354		1,422		1,447		620		42
2020																		1,740		1,656		1,101		34
2021																				1,678		1,373		29
Total																				$	13,637


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	72	$	244		$	427	$	577	$	690	$	828	$	898	$	940	$	1,005	$	1,061
2013			82			258		412		557		699		799		866		917		938
2014						107		283		457		588		701		784		847		890
2015								82		276		478		655		774		853		929
2016										123		313		517		664		787		883
2017												94		310		516		676		842
2018														109		322		485		627
2019																121		327		459
2020																		105		283
2021																				116
Total																				$	7,028


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	443
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	6,609
All Accident years	$	7,052

This product line is comprised of commercial fire, marine (predominantly cargo), surety, personal automobile (in Latin America, Asia Pacific and Japan), personal cell phones, personal residential (including high net worth), energy and construction. In general, these lines have relatively stable payment and reporting patterns although they are impacted by natural catastrophes mainly in the 2017 and 2018 accident years. Europe and Asia each make up about one third of the Chubb Overseas General non-casualty book.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves		Reported Claims (in thousands)
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	1,634	$	1,624		$	1,584	$	1,531	$	1,524	$	1,516	$	1,501	$	1,496	$	1,489	$	1,488	$	4	555
2013			1,703			1,698		1,635		1,589		1,584		1,557		1,545		1,536		1,527		12		573
2014						1,774		1,839		1,785		1,775		1,740		1,730		1,723		1,717		(3)		548
2015								1,867		1,985		1,963		1,933		1,915		1,908		1,890		3		570
2016										1,975		1,973		1,960		1,938		1,942		1,972		38		581
2017												2,122		2,161		2,143		2,125		2,149		15		589
2018														2,083		2,169		2,132		2,109		29		623
2019																2,098		2,117		2,049		22		640
2020																		2,448		2,309		250		541
2021																				2,521		699		531
Total																				$	19,731


Overseas General Insurance — Non-Casualty — Short-tail (continued)
Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	643	$	1,176		$	1,357	$	1,415	$	1,437	$	1,447	$	1,458	$	1,461	$	1,460	$	1,471
2013			659			1,221		1,410		1,441		1,477		1,495		1,502		1,505		1,503
2014						718		1,365		1,571		1,633		1,662		1,675		1,689		1,696
2015								811		1,481		1,707		1,786		1,807		1,836		1,853
2016										959		1,597		1,791		1,861		1,886		1,895
2017												1,000		1,765		1,938		2,012		2,052
2018														954		1,668		1,868		1,936
2019																996		1,657		1,849
2020																		1,031		1,649
2021																				962
Total																				$	16,866


(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	119
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	2,865
All Accident years	$	2,984

This product line includes proportional and excess coverages in general, automobile liability, professional liability, medical malpractice and workers' compensation, with exposures located around the world. In general, reinsurance exhibits less stable development patterns than primary business. In particular, general casualty reinsurance and excess coverages are long-tailed and can be very volatile.


Global Reinsurance — Casualty — Long-tail (continued)
Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31						As of December 31 2021
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	386	$	382		$	391	$	393	$	378	$	372	$	371	$	373	$	378	$	376	$	5
2013			320			326		329		329		331		323		316		310		309		10
2014						332		333		339		342		343		346		329		330		11
2015								284		288		299		300		308		304		308		14
2016										223		226		235		234		243		243		16
2017												213		215		219		217		218		17
2018														244		247		254		250		25
2019																238		246		241		56
2020																		246		250		97
2021																				281		196
Total																				$	2,806


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	78	$	168		$	222	$	262	$	293	$	308	$	324	$	335	$	341	$	347
2013			65			143		186		222		241		260		269		271		278
2014						91		184		217		248		264		276		286		295
2015								90		158		191		217		232		249		266
2016										57		113		142		159		175		192
2017												46		100		122		140		155
2018														41		96		125		149
2019																40		90		116
2020																		41		99
2021																				35
Total																				$	1,932


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	317
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	874
All Accident years	$	1,191

This product line includes property, property catastrophe, marine, credit/surety, A&H and energy. This product line is impacted by natural catastrophes, particularly in the 2017, 2018, 2020, and 2021 accident years. Of the non-catastrophe book, the mixture of business varies by year with approximately 79 percent of loss on proportional treaties in treaty year 2012 and after. This percentage has increased over time with the proportion being approximately 54 percent for treaty year 2012 growing to an average of 83 percent for treaty years 2013 to 2021, with the remainder being written on an excess of loss basis.


Net Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses																						As of December 31 2021
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited																	Net IBNR Reserves
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	232	$	211		$	201	$	192	$	190	$	188	$	185	$	185	$	183	$	184	$	1
2013			160			158		146		141		142		140		140		139		138		—
2014						164		179		179		182		181		179		178		177		1
2015								146		154		161		161		153		159		157		1
2016										182		187		189		192		188		186		2
2017												396		423		453		450		454		13
2018														285		295		299		294		1
2019																139		137		133		18
2020																		211		255		34
2021																				342		131
Total																				$	2,320


Net Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
																Years Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Unaudited
Accident Year	2012		2013			2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
2012	$	45	$	130		$	156	$	166	$	172	$	177	$	180	$	180	$	179	$	179
2013			46			102		120		130		133		135		136		137		137
2014						65		128		151		162		167		170		172		172
2015								56		103		132		142		146		151		152
2016										57		132		159		170		176		180
2017												191		322		401		415		428
2018														94		255		273		276
2019																35		84		99
2020																		62		178
2021																				158
Total																				$	1,959


Net Liabilities for Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	11
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	361
All Accident years	$	372

Supplementary PPD [Table Text Block]


North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Workers' Compensation — Long-tail (continued)
Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(98)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(125)
All Accident years	$	(223)


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(86)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(121)
All Accident years	$	(207)


North America Commercial P&C Insurance — Other-Casualty — Long-tail (continued)
Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(7)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	28
All Accident years	$	21


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(3)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(277)
All Accident years	$	(280)


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(2)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(293)
All Accident years	$	(295)


Overseas General Insurance — Casualty — Long-tail (continued)
Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(76)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(22)
All Accident years	$	(98)


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(6)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(210)
All Accident years	$	(216)


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(27)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	(2)
All Accident years	$	(29)


Supplementary Information: (Favorable)/ Adverse Prior Period Development
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	December 31, 2021
Accident years prior to 2012	$	(4)
Accident years 2012 - 2021 from tables above	34
All Accident years	$	30

Schedule of Historical Claims [Table Text Block]



Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	10	%	15	%	10	%	7	%	5	%	4	%	3	%	2	%	2	%	1	%


Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	4	%	14	%	17	%	15	%	11	%	7	%	5	%	3	%	2	%	3	%



Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	11	%	21	%	19	%	15	%	11	%	5	%	3	%	1	%	2	%	—	%


Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	45	%	37	%	8	%	3	%	1	%	1	%	—	%	1	%	—	%	—	%


Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	56	%	24	%	6	%	5	%	3	%	1	%	1	%	—	%	—	%	1	%



Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	7	%	14	%	14	%	12	%	10	%	8	%	6	%	4	%	4	%	5	%


Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	44	%	34	%	10	%	3	%	2	%	1	%	1	%	—	%	—	%	1	%


Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	21	%	24	%	12	%	9	%	6	%	5	%	4	%	2	%	2	%	1	%



Global Reinsurance — Non-Casualty — Short-tail (continued)
Supplementary Information: Average Annual Percentage Payout of Net Incurred Claims by Age, as of December 31, 2021 (Unaudited)
Age in Years	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Percentage	35	%	40	%	14	%	4	%	3	%	2	%	1	%	1	%	—	%	—	%

Supplementary PPD Reconciliation [Table Text Block]

The following table presents a reconciliation of the loss development triangles above to prior period development:


	Components of PPD
Year Ended December 31, 2021 (in millions of U.S. dollars) (favorable)/unfavorable	2012 - 2020 accident years (implied PPD per loss triangles)		Accident years prior to 2012		Other (1)			PPD on loss reserves		RIPs, Expense adjustments, and earned premiums			Total
North America Commercial P&C Insurance
Long-tail	$	(218)	$	(191)	$	(142)		$	(551)	$	69		$	(482)
Short-tail	(277)		(3)		(10)			(290)		10			(280)
	(495)		(194)		(152)		(2)	(841)		79		(3)	(762)
North America Personal P&C Insurance (Short-tail)	(293)		(2)		(9)			(304)		(1)			(305)
Overseas General Insurance
Long-tail	(22)		(76)		(8)			(106)		—			(106)
Short-tail	(210)		(6)		(126)			(342)		7			(335)
	(232)		(82)		(134)		(4)	(448)		7			(441)
Global Reinsurance
Long-tail	(2)		(27)		1			(28)		3			(25)
Short-tail	34		(4)		(2)			28		—			28
	32		(31)		(1)			—		3			3
Subtotal	$	(988)	$	(309)	$	(296)		$	(1,593)	$	88		$	(1,505)
North America Agricultural Insurance (Short-tail)								$	38	$	(28)		$	10
Corporate (Long-tail)								569		—			569
Consolidated PPD								$	(986)	$	60		$	(926)

(1) Other includes the impact of foreign exchange.

(2) Includes favorable development of $96 million related to our Alternative Risk Solutions business (U.S. and Bermuda) and an adjustment to exclude $48 million in unfavorable development in the workers' compensation line, associated with an increase in exposure for which additional premiums were collected; the remaining difference relates to a number of other items, none of which are individually material.

(3) Includes premium returns associated with our Alternative Risk Solutions business, which is excluded from the triangles.

(4) Includes favorable development of $118 million related to International A&H business; the remaining difference relates to a number of other items, none of which are individually material.

Prior Period Development, by Segment [Table Text Block]


Years Ended December 31 (in millions of U.S. dollars, except for percentages)	Long-tail		Short-tail		Total		% of beginning net unpaid reserves (1)
2021
North America Commercial P&C Insurance	$	(482)	$	(280)	$	(762)	1.4	%
North America Personal P&C Insurance	—		(305)		(305)		0.6	%
North America Agricultural Insurance	—		10		10		—	%
Overseas General Insurance	(106)		(335)		(441)		0.8	%
Global Reinsurance	(25)		28		3		—	%
Corporate	569		—		569		1.1	%
Total	$	(44)	$	(882)	$	(926)	1.7	%
2020
North America Commercial P&C Insurance	$	(672)	$	(30)	$	(702)	1.4	%
North America Personal P&C Insurance	—		63		63		0.1	%
North America Agricultural Insurance	—		(10)		(10)		—	%
Overseas General Insurance	(49)		(101)		(150)		0.3	%
Global Reinsurance	(25)		(4)		(29)		0.1	%
Corporate	433		—		433		0.9	%
Total	$	(313)	$	(82)	$	(395)	0.8	%
2019
North America Commercial P&C Insurance	$	(668)	$	19	$	(649)	1.3	%
North America Personal P&C Insurance	—		(95)		(95)		0.2	%
North America Agricultural Insurance	—		(80)		(80)		0.2	%
Overseas General Insurance	(68)		(24)		(92)		0.2	%
Global Reinsurance	(59)		30		(29)		0.1	%
Corporate	153		—		153		0.3	%
Total	$	(642)	$	(150)	$	(792)	1.6	%

(1) Calculated based on the beginning of period consolidated net unpaid losses and loss expenses.

Schedule Of Asbestos Environmental Loss Roll Forward and by segment

The following table presents a roll-forward of consolidated A&E loss reserves including allocated loss expense reserves for A&E exposures, and the valuation allowance for uncollectible paid and unpaid reinsurance recoverables:


	Asbestos				Environmental				Total
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Gross		Net		Gross		Net		Gross		Net
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	1,492	$	964	$	625	$	483	$	2,117	$	1,447
Incurred activity	129		70		46		28		175		98		(1)
Paid activity	(162)		(118)		(142)		(101)		(304)		(219)
Balance at December 31, 2019	1,459		916		529		410		1,988		1,326
Incurred activity	150		90		79		41		229		131		(1)
Paid activity	(258)		(133)		(91)		(72)		(349)		(205)
Balance at December 31, 2020	1,351		873		517		379		1,868		1,252
Incurred activity	96		64		52		40		148		104		(1)
Paid activity	(221)		(137)		(167)		(117)		(388)		(254)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	1,226	$	800	$	402	$	302	$	1,628	$	1,102

(1) Excludes unallocated loss expenses and the net activity reflects third-party reinsurance other than the aggregate excess of loss reinsurance provided by National Indemnity Company (NICO) to Westchester Specialty (see Westchester Specialty section below).

The A&E net loss reserves including allocated loss expense reserves and valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance at December 31, 2021 and 2020 shown in the table above is comprised of:


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Brandywine operations	$	646	$	736
Westchester Specialty	100		103
Chubb Corp	286		333
Other, mainly Overseas General Insurance	70		80
Total	$	1,102	$	1,252

Taxation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of components of income tax provision

The following table presents pre-tax income and the related provision for income taxes:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Pre-tax income:
Switzerland	$	349	$	350	$	440
Outside Switzerland	9,467		3,812		4,809
Total pre-tax income	$	9,816	$	4,162	$	5,249
Provision for income taxes
Current tax expense:
Switzerland	$	65	$	52	$	29
Outside Switzerland	1,294		876		879
Total current tax expense	1,359		928		908
Deferred tax expense (benefit):
Switzerland	(15)		2		11
Outside Switzerland	(67)		(301)		(124)
Total deferred tax expense (benefit)	(82)		(299)		(113)
Provision for income taxes	$	1,277	$	629	$	795

Reconciliation schedule of the difference between the provision for income taxes and the expected tax provision at the Swiss statutory income tax rate

The following table presents a reconciliation of the difference between the provision for income taxes and the expected tax provision at the Swiss statutory income tax rate:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Expected tax provision at Swiss statutory tax rate	$	1,934	$	880	$	411
Permanent differences:
Taxes on earnings subject to rate other than Swiss statutory rate	(740)		(337)		376
Tax-exempt interest and dividends received deduction, net of proration	(38)		(41)		(49)
Net withholding taxes	78		67		40
Other	43		60		17
Provision for income taxes	$	1,277	$	629	$	795

Schedule of the components of net deferred tax assets

The following table presents the components of net deferred tax assets and liabilities:


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Deferred tax assets:
Loss reserve discount	$	950	$	884
Unearned premiums reserve	544		496
Foreign tax credits	156		222
Provision for uncollectible balances	32		46
Loss carry-forwards	139		123
Debt related amounts	70		69
Compensation related amounts	178		281
Cumulative translation adjustments	28		120
Investments	—		75
Lease liability	111		121
Depreciation	190		—

Total deferred tax assets	2,398		2,437
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred policy acquisition costs	679		522
Other intangible assets, including VOBA	1,268		1,425
Un-remitted foreign earnings	121		77
Investments	144		—
Unrealized appreciation on investments	360		957
Depreciation	—		123
Lease right-of-use asset	100		111
Other, net	23		31
Total deferred tax liabilities	2,695		3,246
Valuation allowance	92		83
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	(389)	$	(892)

Reconciliation schedule of unrecognized tax benefits

The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Balance, beginning of year	$	76	$	47
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year	—		5
Additions based on tax positions related to prior years	7		24

Reductions for settlements with taxing authorities	(19)		—

Balance, end of year	$	64	$	76

Summary of Income Tax Examinations [Table Text Block]

The following table summarizes tax years open for examination by major income tax jurisdiction:


At December 31, 2021
Australia	2015	-	2021
Canada	2012	-	2021
France	2019	-	2021
Germany	2015	-	2021
Italy	2011	-	2021
Mexico	2014	-	2021
Spain	2012	-	2021
Switzerland	2016	-	2021
United Kingdom	2015	-	2021
United States	2014	-	2021

Debt (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of debt outstanding


	December 31		December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		Early Redemption Option
Repurchase agreements (weighted average interest rate of 0.2% in 2021 and 0.3% in 2020)	$	1,406	$	1,405	None
Short-term debt
Chubb INA:
$1,000 million 2.875% senior notes due November 2022	$	999	$	—	Make-whole premium plus 20 bps

Total short-term debt	$	999	$	—
Long-term debt
Chubb INA:
$1,000 million 2.875% senior notes due November 2022	$	—	$	998	Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
$475 million 2.7% senior notes due March 2023	474		474		Make-whole premium plus 10 bps
$700 million 3.35% senior notes due May 2024	698		698		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
€700 million 0.3% senior notes due December 2024	787		841		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
$800 million 3.15% senior notes due March 2025	798		797		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
$1,500 million 3.35% senior notes due May 2026	1,494		1,493		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
€575 million 0.875% senior notes due June 2027	645		691		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
€900 million 1.55% senior notes due March 2028	1,009		1,079		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
$100 million 8.875% debentures due August 2029	100		100		None
€700 million 0.875% senior notes due December 2029	785		840		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
$1,000 million 1.375% senior notes due September 2030	992		991		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
€575 million 1.4% senior notes due June 2031	642		687		Make-whole premium plus 25 bps
$200 million 6.8% debentures due November 2031	238		242		Make-whole premium plus 25 bps
$300 million 6.7% senior notes due May 2036	298		298		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
$800 million 6.0% senior notes due May 2037	936		945		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
€900 million 2.5% senior notes due March 2038	1,007		1,077		Make-whole premium plus 25 bps
$600 million 6.5% senior notes due May 2038	735		743		Make-whole premium plus 30 bps
$475 million 4.15% senior notes due March 2043	470		470		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
$1,500 million 4.35% senior notes due November 2045	1,485		1,484		Make-whole premium plus 25 bps
$600 million 2.85% senior notes due December 2051	593		—		Make-whole premium plus 15 bps
$1,000 million 3.05% senior notes due December 2061	983		—		Make-whole premium plus 20 bps
Total long-term debt	$	15,169	$	14,948
Trust preferred securities
Chubb INA capital securities due April 2030	$	308	$	308	Redemption prices(1)

Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Balance Sheet Locations, Fair Values In An Asset Or (Liability) Position, And Notional Values/Payment Provisions Of Derivative Instruments

The following table presents the balance sheet locations, fair values of derivative instruments in an asset or (liability) position, and notional values/payment provisions of our derivative instruments:


		December 31, 2021							December 31, 2020
	Consolidated Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value				Notional Value/ Payment Provision			Fair Value					Notional Value/ Payment Provision
		Derivative Asset		Derivative (Liability)				Derivative Asset			Derivative (Liability)
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Investment and embedded derivative instruments:
Foreign currency forward contracts	OA / (AP)	$	25	$	(139)	$	6,182		$	22		$	(49)	$	2,807



Options/Futures contracts on notes, bonds, and equities	OA / (AP)	33		(27)		12,944			13			(3)		1,749

Convertible securities (1)	FM AFS / ES	11		—		12			9			—		11

		$	69	$	(166)	$	19,138		$	44		$	(52)	$	4,567
Other derivative instruments:
Futures contracts on equities (2)	OA / (AP)	$	—	$	(16)	$	905		$	—		$	(17)	$	709


Other	OA / (AP)	—		—		3			—			—		16
		$	—	$	(16)	$	908		$	—		$	(17)	$	725
GLB (3)	(AP)	$	—	$	(745)	$	1,432		$	—		$	(1,089)	$	1,658

(1)Includes fair value of embedded derivatives.

(2)Related to GMDB and GLB book of business.

(3)Note that the payment provision related to GLB is the net amount at risk. The concept of a notional value does not apply to the GLB reinsurance contracts.

Secured Borrowings Securities Lending Table

The following table presents the carrying value of collateral held under securities lending agreements by investment category and remaining contractual maturity of the underlying agreements:


	Remaining contractual maturity
	December 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Overnight and Continuous
Collateral held under securities lending agreements:
Cash	$	931	$	551
U.S. Treasury / Agency	128		148
Non-U.S.	752		1,032
Corporate and asset-backed securities	12		30
Mortgage-backed securities	1		4

Equity securities	7		79

	$	1,831	$	1,844
Gross amount of recognized liability for securities lending payable	$	1,831	$	1,844

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, our repurchase agreement obligations of $1,406 million and $1,405 million, respectively, were fully collateralized. In contrast to securities lending programs, the use of cash received is not restricted for the repurchase obligations. The fair value of the underlying securities sold remains in Fixed maturities available for sale, and the repurchase agreement obligation is recorded in Repurchase agreements in the Consolidated balance sheets.

The following table presents the carrying value of collateral pledged under repurchase agreements by investment category and remaining contractual maturity of the underlying agreements:


	Remaining contractual maturity
	December 31, 2021							December 31, 2020
	30-90 Days		Greater than 90 Days					30-90 Days		Greater than 90 Days		Total
(in millions of U.S. dollars)					Total
Collateral pledged under repurchase agreements:
Cash	$	—	$	29		$	29	$	—	$	4	$	4
U.S. Treasury / Agency	103		—			103		—		106		106


Mortgage-backed securities	—		1,288			1,288		481		871		1,352


	$	103	$	1,317		$	1,420	$	481	$	981	$	1,462
Gross amount of recognized liabilities for repurchase agreements						$	1,406					$	1,405
Difference (1)						$	14					$	57

(1)Per the repurchase agreements, the amount of collateral posted is required to exceed the amount of gross liability.

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Table Text Block]

The following table presents net realized gains (losses) related to derivative instrument activity in the Consolidated statements of operations:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Investment and embedded derivative instruments:
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	(62)	$	65	$	(79)
Interest rate swaps	—		—		(270)
All other futures contracts, options, and equities	(10)		16		(88)
Convertible securities (1)	—		—		2
Total investment and embedded derivative instruments	$	(72)	$	81	$	(435)
GLB and other derivative instruments:
GLB	$	316	$	(202)	$	(4)
Futures contracts on equities (2)	(202)		(108)		(138)

Other	(8)		1		(8)
Total GLB and other derivative instruments	$	106	$	(309)	$	(150)
	$	34	$	(228)	$	(585)

(1)Includes embedded derivatives.

(2)Related to GMDB and GLB book of business.

Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Maturity

Future minimum lease payments under the operating leases are expected to be as follows:


For the years ending December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Undiscounted cash flows:
2022	$	142
2023	117
2024	88
2025	58
2026	51
Thereafter	57
Total undiscounted lease payments	$	513
Less: Present value adjustment	29
Net lease liabilities reported as of December 31, 2021	$	484

Shareholders' equity note (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Dividends Declared [Table Text Block]

The following table presents dividend distributions per Common Share in Swiss francs (CHF) and U.S. dollars (USD):


	Year Ended December 31
		2021			2020			2019
	CHF	USD		CHF	USD		CHF	USD
Total dividend distributions per common share	2.88	$	3.18	2.89	$	3.09	2.94	$	2.98

Schedule of changes in Common Shares issued and outstanding


	Year Ended December 31
	2021	2020	2019
Common Shares authorized and issued, beginning of year	477,605,264	479,783,864	479,783,864
Cancellation of treasury shares	(3,584,150)	(2,178,600)	—
Common Shares authorized and issued, end of year	474,021,114	477,605,264	479,783,864
Common Shares in treasury, beginning of year (at cost)	(26,872,639)	(27,812,297)	(20,580,486)
Net shares issued under employee share-based compensation plans	3,484,487	2,345,208	3,210,427
Shares repurchased	(27,644,500)	(3,584,150)	(10,442,238)
Cancellation of treasury shares	3,584,150	2,178,600	—
Common Shares in treasury, end of year (at cost)	(47,448,502)	(26,872,639)	(27,812,297)
Common Shares outstanding, end of year	426,572,612	450,732,625	451,971,567

Share Repurchase Program [Table Text Block]

The following table presents repurchases of Chubb's Common Shares conducted in a series of open market transactions under the Board authorizations:


	Year Ended December 31						January 1, 2022 through
(in millions of U.S. dollars, except share data)	2021		2020		2019		February 23, 2022
Number of shares repurchased	27,644,500		3,584,150		10,442,238		1,966,600
Cost of shares repurchased	$	4,861	$	516	$	1,531	$	405

Share-based compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of pre-tax and after-tax share-based compensation expense

The following table presents pre-tax and after-tax share-based compensation expense:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Stock options and shares issued under ESPP:
Pre-tax	$	55	$	45	$	42
After-tax (1)	$	36	$	38	$	39
Restricted stock:
Pre-tax	$	210	$	210	$	224
After-tax (1)	$	164	$	164	$	180

(1)The windfall tax benefit recorded to Income tax expense in the Consolidated statement of operations was $19 million, $10 million, and $12 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

Schedule of the weighted-average model valuation assumptions


	Year Ended December 31
	2021		2020		2019
Dividend yield	1.9	%	2.1	%	2.2	%
Expected volatility	26.0	%	18.0	%	16.0	%
Risk-free interest rate	1.0	%	1.2	%	2.6	%
Expected life	5.8 years		5.7 years		5.7 years

Rollforward of the company's stock options

The following table presents a roll-forward of Chubb's stock options:


(Intrinsic Value in millions of U.S. dollars)	Number of Options	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Fair Value		Total Intrinsic Value
Options outstanding, December 31, 2018	11,007,722	$	108.25
Granted	2,073,940	$	133.90	$	18.76
Exercised	(1,944,604)	$	84.13			$	122
Forfeited and expired	(251,801)	$	136.87
Options outstanding, December 31, 2019	10,885,257	$	116.79
Granted	1,958,279	$	150.10	$	19.89
Exercised	(1,158,633)	$	86.90			$	76
Forfeited and expired	(206,720)	$	138.77
Options outstanding, December 31, 2020	11,478,183	$	125.09
Granted	1,805,234	$	164.89	$	33.05
Exercised	(2,284,795)	$	112.12			$	140
Forfeited and expired	(236,135)	$	150.16
Options outstanding, December 31, 2021	10,762,487	$	133.94			$	639
Options exercisable, December 31, 2021	7,278,516	$	124.03			$	504

Rollforward of the company's restricted stock

The following table presents a roll-forward of our restricted stock awards. Included in the roll-forward below are 15,586 restricted stock awards, 27,679 restricted stock awards, and 19,019 restricted stock awards that were granted to non-management directors during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively:


	Service-based Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units			Performance-based Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units
	Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value		Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested restricted stock, December 31, 2018	3,294,849	$	134.17	911,230	$	127.27
Granted	1,492,900	$	134.38	212,059	$	133.90
Vested	(1,292,864)	$	129.18	(196,640)	$	115.62
Forfeited	(200,875)	$	135.98	(50,437)	$	132.36
Unvested restricted stock, December 31, 2019	3,294,010	$	136.20	876,212	$	131.16
Granted	1,425,667	$	148.56	186,291	$	151.14
Vested	(1,304,308)	$	134.02	(490,185)	$	125.66
Forfeited	(152,074)	$	140.72	—	$	—
Unvested restricted stock, December 31, 2020	3,263,295	$	142.32	572,318	$	142.38
Granted	1,288,042	$	165.32	294,315	$	164.75
Vested	(1,283,185)	$	140.62	(169,442)	$	143.07
Forfeited	(216,341)	$	150.19	—	$	—
Unvested restricted stock, December 31, 2021	3,051,811	$	152.19	697,191	$	151.74

Postretirement benefits (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Schedule of Net Funded Status [Table Text Block]

Obligations and funded status

The funded status of the pension and other postretirement benefit plans as well as the amounts recognized in the Consolidated balance sheets and Accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2021 and 2020 was as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans								Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
	2021				2020				2021		2020
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Benefit obligation, beginning of year	$	3,967	$	1,199	$	3,569	$	1,042	$	86	$	103

Service cost	—		4		—		4		1		1
Interest cost	70		19		99		22		1		2
Actuarial loss (gain)	(161)		(47)		441		135		(10)		1
Benefits paid	(133)		(33)		(127)		(31)		(15)		(20)

Curtailments	—		—		—		(2)		—		—
Settlements	(11)		—		(15)		—		—		—
Foreign currency revaluation and other	—		(20)		—		29		(1)		(1)
Benefit obligation, end of year	$	3,732	$	1,122	$	3,967	$	1,199	$	62	$	86
Plan assets at fair value, beginning of year	$	3,739	$	1,284	$	3,301	$	1,141	$	120	$	152

Actual return on plan assets	543		83		563		126		(1)		6
Employer contributions	13		8		17		19		15		1
Benefits paid	(133)		(33)		(127)		(31)		(15)		(39)
Settlements	(11)		—		(15)		—		—		—
Foreign currency revaluation and other	—		(24)		—		29		—		—
Plan assets at fair value, end of year	$	4,151	$	1,318	$	3,739	$	1,284	$	119	$	120
Funded status at end of year	$	419	$	196	$	(228)	$	85	$	57	$	34
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated balance sheets:
Assets	$	492	$	214	$	—	$	85	$	77	$	34
Liabilities	(73)		(18)		(228)		—		(20)		—
Total	$	419	$	196	$	(228)	$	85	$	57	$	34
Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income, pre-tax, not yet recognized in net periodic cost (benefit):
Net actuarial loss (gain)	$	(375)	$	73	$	78	$	163	$	(10)	$	(5)
Prior service cost (benefit)	—		9		—		9		(5)		(31)
Total	$	(375)	$	82	$	78	$	172	$	(15)	$	(36)

Schedule of Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table Text Block]

The funded status of the pension and other postretirement benefit plans as well as the amounts recognized in the Consolidated balance sheets and Accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2021 and 2020 was as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans								Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
	2021				2020				2021		2020
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Benefit obligation, beginning of year	$	3,967	$	1,199	$	3,569	$	1,042	$	86	$	103

Service cost	—		4		—		4		1		1
Interest cost	70		19		99		22		1		2
Actuarial loss (gain)	(161)		(47)		441		135		(10)		1
Benefits paid	(133)		(33)		(127)		(31)		(15)		(20)

Curtailments	—		—		—		(2)		—		—
Settlements	(11)		—		(15)		—		—		—
Foreign currency revaluation and other	—		(20)		—		29		(1)		(1)
Benefit obligation, end of year	$	3,732	$	1,122	$	3,967	$	1,199	$	62	$	86
Plan assets at fair value, beginning of year	$	3,739	$	1,284	$	3,301	$	1,141	$	120	$	152

Actual return on plan assets	543		83		563		126		(1)		6
Employer contributions	13		8		17		19		15		1
Benefits paid	(133)		(33)		(127)		(31)		(15)		(39)
Settlements	(11)		—		(15)		—		—		—
Foreign currency revaluation and other	—		(24)		—		29		—		—
Plan assets at fair value, end of year	$	4,151	$	1,318	$	3,739	$	1,284	$	119	$	120
Funded status at end of year	$	419	$	196	$	(228)	$	85	$	57	$	34
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated balance sheets:
Assets	$	492	$	214	$	—	$	85	$	77	$	34
Liabilities	(73)		(18)		(228)		—		(20)		—
Total	$	419	$	196	$	(228)	$	85	$	57	$	34
Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income, pre-tax, not yet recognized in net periodic cost (benefit):
Net actuarial loss (gain)	$	(375)	$	73	$	78	$	163	$	(10)	$	(5)
Prior service cost (benefit)	—		9		—		9		(5)		(31)
Total	$	(375)	$	82	$	78	$	172	$	(15)	$	(36)

Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets [Table Text Block]

The following table provides information on pension plans where the benefit obligation is in excess of plan assets at December 31, 2021 and 2020:


	2021				2020
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Plans with projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
Projected benefit obligation	$	73	$	418	$	3,967	$	629
Fair value of plan assets	—		400		3,739		568
Net funded status	$	(73)	$	(18)	$	(228)	$	(61)
Plans with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	73	$	380	$	3,967	$	593
Fair value of plan assets	$	—	$	367	$	3,739	$	565

Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets [Table Text Block]

The following table provides information on pension plans where the benefit obligation is in excess of plan assets at December 31, 2021 and 2020:


	2021				2020
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Plans with projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
Projected benefit obligation	$	73	$	418	$	3,967	$	629
Fair value of plan assets	—		400		3,739		568
Net funded status	$	(73)	$	(18)	$	(228)	$	(61)
Plans with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	73	$	380	$	3,967	$	593
Fair value of plan assets	$	—	$	367	$	3,739	$	565

Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions [Table Text Block]

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine the projected benefit obligation were as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		Other Postretirement Benefit Plans

December 31, 2021
Discount rate	2.75	%	2.23	%	2.06	%
Rate of compensation increase (1)	N/A		3.63	%	N/A
Interest crediting rate	4.10	%
December 31, 2020
Discount rate	2.32	%	1.80	%	1.36	%
Rate of compensation increase (1)	N/A		3.24	%	N/A
Interest crediting rate	4.10	%

Schedule of Net Benefit Costs [Table Text Block]

The components of net pension and other postretirement benefit costs (benefits) reflected in Net income and other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income were as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans												Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
	U.S. Plans						Non-U.S. Plans
Year Ended December 31	2021		2020		2019		2021		2020		2019		2021		2020		2019
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Costs reflected in Net income, pre-tax:
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	49	$	4	$	4	$	11	$	1	$	1	$	—
Non-service cost (benefit):
Interest cost	70		99		118		19		22		27		1		2		4
Expected return on plan assets	(255)		(224)		(189)		(44)		(41)		(45)		(1)		(5)		(4)
Amortization of net actuarial loss	—		—		—		4		2		3		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost	—		—		—		—		—		—		(26)		(83)		(84)
Curtailments	—		—		—		—		(1)		(1)		—		—		—
Settlements	3		3		2		—		—		1		—		—		—
Total non-service cost (benefit)	(182)		(122)		(69)		(21)		(18)		(15)		(26)		(86)		(84)
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)	$	(182)	$	(122)	$	(20)	$	(17)	$	(14)	$	(4)	$	(25)	$	(85)	$	(84)
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income
Net actuarial loss (gain)	$	(450)	$	102	$	(4)	$	(86)	$	56	$	6	$	(5)	$	(2)	$	(2)
Prior service cost (benefit)	—		—		—		—		—		1		—		—		—
Amortization of net actuarial loss	—		—		—		(4)		(2)		(3)		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost	—		—		—		—		(1)		—		26		83		84
Curtailments	—		—		—		—		(1)		(3)		—		—		—
Settlements	(3)		(3)		(2)		—		—		(1)		—		—		—
Total decrease (increase) in other comprehensive income, pre-tax	$	(453)	$	99	$	(6)	$	(90)	$	52	$	—	$	21	$	81	$	82

The line items in which the service cost and non-service cost (benefit) components of net periodic benefit cost (benefit) are included in the Consolidated statements of operations were as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans						Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
Year Ended December 31	2021		2020		2019		2021		2020		2019
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Service cost:
Losses and loss expenses	$	—	$	—	$	6	$	—	$	—	$	—
Administrative expenses	4		4		54		1		1		—
Total service cost	4		4		60		1		1		—
Non-service cost (benefit):
Losses and loss expenses	(18)		(12)		(7)		(3)		(9)		(8)
Administrative expenses	(185)		(128)		(77)		(23)		(77)		(76)
Total non-service cost (benefit)	(203)		(140)		(84)		(26)		(86)		(84)
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)	$	(199)	$	(136)	$	(24)	$	(25)	$	(85)	$	(84)

Schedule of assumptions used, net periodic benefit costs [Table Text Block]

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine the net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit costs were as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
Year Ended December 31
2021
Discount rate in effect for determining service cost	N/A		5.58	%	2.53	%
Discount rate in effect for determining interest cost	1.81	%	1.57	%	1.23	%
Rate of compensation increase	N/A		3.24	%	N/A
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets	7.00	%	3.37	%	1.00	%
Interest crediting rate	4.10	%	N/A		N/A
2020
Discount rate in effect for determining service cost	N/A		6.04	%	3.00	%
Discount rate in effect for determining interest cost	2.85	%	2.24	%	2.64	%
Rate of compensation increase	N/A		3.26	%	N/A
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets	7.00	%	3.83	%	3.00	%
Interest crediting rate	4.10	%	N/A		N/A
2019
Discount rate in effect for determining service cost	4.23	%	4.48	%	4.04	%
Discount rate in effect for determining interest cost	3.94	%	2.88	%	3.69	%
Rate of compensation increase	4.00	%	3.37	%	N/A
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets	7.00	%	4.40	%	3.00	%
Interest crediting rate	4.10	%	N/A		N/A

Schedule of Health Care Cost Trend Rates [Table Text Block]

The weighted-average healthcare cost trend rate assumptions used to measure the expected cost of healthcare benefits were as follows:


	U.S. Plans						Non-U.S. Plans
	2021		2020		2019		2021		2020		2019
Healthcare cost trend rate	5.59	%	5.96	%	6.32	%	5.26	%	5.04	%	5.24	%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)	4.50	%	4.50	%	4.50	%	4.00	%	4.00	%	4.00	%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate	2038		2038		2038		2040		2040		2040

Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets [Table Text Block]

The following tables present the fair values of the pension plan assets, by valuation hierarchy. For additional information on how we classify these assets within the valuation hierarchy, refer to Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.


December 31, 2021	Pension Benefit Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
U.S. Plans:
Short-term investments	$	33	$	—	$	—	$	33
U.S. Treasury / Agency	380		92		—		472
Non-U.S. and corporate bonds	—		923		—		923
Municipal	—		4		—		4
Equity securities	1,871		—		1		1,872
Investment derivative instruments	3		—		—		3
Total U.S. Plan assets (1)	$	2,287	$	1,019	$	1	$	3,307
Non-U.S. Plans:
Short-term investments	$	5	$	—	$	—	$	5
Non-U.S. and corporate bonds	—		679		—		679
Equity securities	153		291		—		444
Total Non-U.S. Plan assets (1)	$	158	$	970	$	—	$	1,128

(1)Excluded from the table above are $542 million and $175 million of other investments related to the U.S. Plans and Non-U.S. Plans, respectively, limited partnerships of $175 million and $15 million in U.S. Plans and Non-U.S. Plans, respectively, measured using NAV as a practical expedient, and $127 million in cash and accrued income related to the U.S. Plans.


December 31, 2020	Pension Benefit Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
U.S. Plans:
Short-term investments	$	59	$	—	$	—	$	59
U.S. Treasury / Agency	250		186		—		436
Non-U.S. and corporate bonds	—		793		—		793
Municipal	—		2		—		2
Equity securities	1,818		—		—		1,818
Total U.S. Plan assets (1)	$	2,127	$	981	$	—	$	3,108
Non-U.S. Plans:
Short-term investments	$	5	$	—	$	—	$	5
Non-U.S. and corporate bonds	—		609		—		609
Equity securities	127		388		—		515
Total Non-U.S. Plan assets (1)	$	132	$	997	$	—	$	1,129

(1)Excluded from the table above are $543 million and $147 million of other investments related to the U.S. Plans and Non-U.S. Plans, respectively, limited partnerships of $74 million and $8 million in U.S. Plans and Non-U.S. Plans, respectively, measured using NAV as a practical expedient, and $14 million in cash related to the U.S. Plans.

Schedule of expected future benefit payments

At December 31, 2021, our estimated expected future benefit payments are as follows:


	Pension Benefit Plans				Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
For the years ending December 31	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
2022	$	168	$	30	$	19
2023	173		30		15
2024	177		30		11
2025	182		32		6
2026	185		33		1
2027-2031	964		193		5

Other income and expense (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]

Schedule of the components of Other (income) expense


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Equity in net income of partially-owned entities (1)	$	2,433	$	1,019	$	617
Gains (losses) from fair value changes in separate account assets (2)	(8)		58		44
Federal excise and capital taxes	(19)		(22)		(23)
Other	(41)		(61)		(42)
Total	$	2,365	$	994	$	596

(1) Equity in net income of partially-owned entities includes $233 million, $167 million, and $74 million attributable to our investments in Huatai (Huatai Group, Huatai P&C, and Huatai Life) for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

(2) Related to gains (losses) from fair value changes in separate account assets that do not qualify for separate account reporting under GAAP.

Segment information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Operations By Segment


For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 (in millions of U.S. dollars)	North America Commercial P&C Insurance		North America Personal P&C Insurance		North America Agricultural Insurance		Overseas General Insurance		Global Reinsurance		Life Insurance		Corporate		Segment Measure Reclass		Chubb Consolidated
Net premiums written	$	16,415	$	5,002	$	2,388	$	10,713	$	873	$	2,477	$	—	$	—	$	37,868
Net premiums earned	15,461		4,915		2,338		10,441		798		2,402		—		—		36,355
Losses and loss expenses	10,015		2,924		1,962		5,143		632		740		572		(8)		21,980
Policy benefits	—		—		—		—		—		707		—		(8)		699
Policy acquisition costs	2,082		1,001		124		2,799		200		712		—		—		6,918
Administrative expenses	1,052		276		(3)		1,078		35		333		365		—		3,136
Underwriting income (loss)	2,312		714		255		1,421		(69)		(90)		(937)		16		3,622
Net investment income (loss)	2,078		249		28		597		331		407		(55)		(179)		3,456
Other (income) expense	31		(2)		1		—		—		(106)		(2,118)		(171)		(2,365)
Amortization expense of purchased intangibles	—		10		26		48		—		5		198		—		287
Segment income	$	4,359	$	955	$	256	$	1,970	$	262	$	418	$	928	$	8	$	9,156
Net realized gains (losses)													1,160		(8)		1,152
Interest expense													492		—		492
Income tax expense													1,277		—		1,277
Net income													$	319	$	—	$	8,539


For the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (in millions of U.S. dollars)	North America Commercial P&C Insurance		North America Personal P&C Insurance		North America Agricultural Insurance		Overseas General Insurance		Global Reinsurance		Life Insurance		Corporate		Segment Measure Reclass		Chubb Consolidated
Net premiums written	$	14,474	$	4,920	$	1,846	$	9,335	$	731	$	2,514	$	—	$	—	$	33,820
Net premiums earned	13,964		4,866		1,822		9,285		698		2,482		—		—		33,117
Losses and loss expenses	10,129		3,187		1,544		5,255		435		724		435		1		21,710
Policy benefits	—		—		—		—		—		726		—		58		784
Policy acquisition costs	1,942		974		123		2,568		174		766		—		—		6,547
Administrative expenses	1,006		270		9		1,034		37		320		303		—		2,979
Underwriting income (loss)	887		435		146		428		52		(54)		(738)		(59)		1,097
Net investment income (loss)	2,061		260		30		534		307		385		(87)		(115)		3,375
Other (income) expense	23		5		1		13		2		(74)		(791)		(173)		(994)
Amortization expense of purchased intangibles	—		11		27		45		—		4		203		—		290
Segment income (loss)	$	2,925	$	679	$	148	$	904	$	357	$	401	$	(237)	$	(1)	$	5,176
Net realized gains (losses)													(499)		1		(498)
Interest expense													516		—		516

Income tax expense													629		—		629
Net income (loss)													$	(1,881)	$	—	$	3,533


For the Year Ended December 31, 2019 (in millions of U.S. dollars)	North America Commercial P&C Insurance		North America Personal P&C Insurance		North America Agricultural Insurance		Overseas General Insurance		Global Reinsurance		Life Insurance		Corporate		Segment Measure Reclass		Chubb Consolidated
Net premiums written	$	13,375	$	4,787	$	1,810	$	9,262	$	649	$	2,392	$	—	$	—	$	32,275
Net premiums earned	12,922		4,694		1,795		8,882		654		2,343		—		—		31,290
Losses and loss expenses	8,206		3,043		1,616		4,606		352		757		158		(8)		18,730
Policy benefits	—		—		—		—		—		696		—		44		740
Policy acquisition costs	1,831		948		84		2,501		169		620		—		—		6,153
Administrative expenses	1,028		286		6		1,033		35		323		319		—		3,030
Underwriting income (loss)	1,857		417		89		742		98		(53)		(477)		(36)		2,637
Net investment income (loss)	2,109		258		30		588		279		373		(125)		(86)		3,426
Other (income) expense	24		3		1		12		1		(48)		(459)		(130)		(596)
Amortization expense of purchased intangibles	—		12		28		45		—		2		218		—		305
Segment income (loss)	$	3,942	$	660	$	90	$	1,273	$	376	$	366	$	(361)	$	8	$	6,354
Net realized gains (losses) including OTTI													(522)		(8)		(530)
Interest expense													552		—		552
Chubb integration expenses													23		—		23
Income tax expense													795		—		795
Net income (loss)													$	(2,253)	$	—	$	4,454

Net Premiums Earned For Segment By Product

The following table presents net premiums earned for each segment by line of business:



	For the Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
North America Commercial P&C Insurance
Property & other short-tail lines	$	2,942	$	2,423	$	1,987
Casualty & all other	11,905		10,812		10,136
A&H	614		729		799
Total North America Commercial P&C Insurance	15,461		13,964		12,922
North America Personal P&C Insurance
Personal automobile	781		822		829
Personal homeowners	3,384		3,327		3,183
Personal other	750		717		682
Total North America Personal P&C Insurance	4,915		4,866		4,694
North America Agricultural Insurance	2,338		1,822		1,795
Overseas General Insurance
Property & other short-tail lines	3,105		2,468		2,244
Casualty & all other	3,114		2,738		2,494
Personal lines	2,109		1,981		1,896
A&H	2,113		2,098		2,248
Total Overseas General Insurance	10,441		9,285		8,882
Global Reinsurance
Property	151		104		131
Property catastrophe	190		173		142
Casualty & all other	457		421		381
Total Global Reinsurance	798		698		654
Life Insurance
Life	1,320		1,317		1,101
A&H	1,082		1,165		1,242
Total Life Insurance	2,402		2,482		2,343
Total net premiums earned	$	36,355	$	33,117	$	31,290

Net Premiums Earned by Geographic Region


	North America		Europe (1)		Asia Pacific / Japan		Latin America
2021	70	%	12	%	12	%	6	%
2020	70	%	11	%	12	%	7	%
2019	70	%	11	%	12	%	7	%

Earnings per share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule Of Earnings Per Share, Basic And Diluted


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)	2021		2020		2019
Numerator:
Net income	$	8,539	$	3,533	$	4,454
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share:
Weighted-average shares outstanding	439,968,422		451,602,820		455,910,463
Denominator for diluted earnings per share:
Share-based compensation plans	3,228,856		1,838,692		3,004,200
Weighted-average shares outstanding and assumed conversions	443,197,278		453,441,512		458,914,663
Basic earnings per share	$	19.41	$	7.82	$	9.77
Diluted earnings per share	$	19.27	$	7.79	$	9.71
Potential anti-dilutive share conversions	1,532,066		6,811,966		2,410,337

Related Party Disclosures (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Transactions generated under Starr agreements were as follows:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Consolidated statement of operations
Gross premiums written	$	592	$	507	$	394
Ceded premiums written	$	321	$	253	$	207
Commissions paid	$	114	$	97	$	77
Commissions received	$	73	$	59	$	46
Losses and loss expenses	$	157	$	170	$	185
Consolidated balance sheets
Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses	$	516	$	432
Ceded reinsurance premium payable	$	88	$	80

ABR Re

At December 31, 2021, we own 17.1 percent of the common equity of ABR Reinsurance Capital Holdings Ltd. and warrants to acquire 0.5 percent of additional equity. ABR Reinsurance Capital Holdings Ltd., is the parent company of ABR Reinsurance Ltd. (ABR Re), an independent reinsurance company. Through long-term arrangements, Chubb will be the sole source of reinsurance risks ceded to ABR Re, and BlackRock, Inc. will be ABR Re’s exclusive investment management service provider. As an investor, Chubb is expected to benefit from underwriting profit generated by ABR Re’s reinsuring a wide range of Chubb’s primary insurance business and the income and capital appreciation BlackRock, Inc. seeks to deliver through its investment management services. In addition, Chubb has entered into an arrangement with BlackRock, Inc. under which both Chubb and BlackRock, Inc. will be entitled to an equal share of the aggregate amount of certain fees, including underwriting and investment management performance related fees, in connection with their respective reinsurance and investment management arrangements with ABR Re. In connection with this arrangement with BlackRock, Inc., we recorded income of $11 million in 2021, which is recorded in Other (income) expense on the Consolidated statements of operations.

ABR Re is a variable interest entity; however, Chubb is not the primary beneficiary and does not consolidate ABR Re because Chubb does not have the power to control and direct ABR Re’s most significant activities, including investing and underwriting. Our ownership interest is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Chubb cedes premiums to ABR Re and recognizes the associated commissions.

Transactions generated under ABR Re agreements were as follows:


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Consolidated statement of operations
Ceded premiums written	$	442	$	350	$	321
Commissions received	$	133	$	100	$	92

Consolidated balance sheets
Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses	$	963	$	806
Ceded reinsurance premium payable	$	107	$	67

Statutory Financial Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Statutory Financial Information [Abstract]

Schedule of combined statutory capital and surplus and statutory net income (loss)


	December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Statutory capital and surplus
Property and casualty	$	46,397	$	46,494
Life	$	2,187	$	1,632


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Statutory net income (loss)
Property and casualty	$	7,711	$	4,354	$	6,046
Life	$	425	$	(245)	$	(210)

Tabular disclosure of how the entity's reporting under GAAP as of the balance sheet date differs from the results based on prescribed and permitted accounting practices of the state or country of domicile in which a relevant statutory filing is made, or differences in results based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) prescribed practices, or a combination thereof. Describes the accounting practices used and the related monetary effect on statutory surplus, net income, and risk-based capital. If an insurance enterprise's risk-based capital would have triggered a regulatory event had it not used a permitted practice, that fact is disclosed in the financial statements. Permitted statutory accounting practices include practices not prescribed but allowed by the domiciliary state insurance department regulatory authority.

Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule II (CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF PARENT COMPANY) (Table)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

BALANCE SHEETS (Parent Company Only)


	December 31		December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020
Assets
Investments in subsidiaries and affiliates on equity basis	$	58,850	$	56,148


Total investments	58,850		56,148

Cash	1		84
Due from subsidiaries and affiliates, net	1,218		3,578
Other assets	16		10
Total assets	$	60,085	$	59,820
Liabilities


Affiliated notional cash pooling programs	$	8	$	—
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities	363		379

Total liabilities	371		379
Shareholders' equity
Common Shares	10,985		11,064
Common Shares in treasury	(7,464)		(3,644)
Additional paid-in capital	8,478		9,815
Retained earnings	47,365		39,337
Accumulated other comprehensive income	350		2,869
Total shareholders' equity	59,714		59,441
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	60,085	$	59,820

The condensed financial information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto.

Condensed Consolidating Statement Of Operations and Comprehensive Income

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Parent Company Only)


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Revenues
Investment income (1)	$	96	$	155	$	227
Equity in net income of subsidiaries and affiliates	8,514		3,457		4,307

Total Revenues	8,610		3,612		4,534
Expenses
Administrative and other (income) expense	56		55		65
Chubb integration expenses	—		—		1
Income tax expense	15		24		14
Total Expenses	71		79		80
Net income	$	8,539	$	3,533	$	4,454
Comprehensive income	$	6,020	$	5,783	$	7,521

(1)Includes net investment income, interest income, and net realized gains (losses).

The condensed financial information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto.

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Parent Company Only)


	Year Ended December 31
(in millions of U.S. dollars)	2021		2020		2019
Net cash flows from operating activities (1)	$	4,167	$	1,933	$	412
Cash flows from investing activities


Capital contribution	—		(1,200)		(1,000)
Other	—		(2)		—
Net cash flows used for investing activities	—		(1,202)		(1,000)
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends paid on Common Shares	(1,401)		(1,388)		(1,354)
Common Shares repurchased	(4,861)		(523)		(327)
Repayment of intercompany loans	2,003		1,265		2,301
Net proceeds from (payments to) affiliated notional cash pooling programs (2)	8		—		(35)
Net cash flows from (used for) financing activities	(4,251)		(646)		585
Effect of foreign currency rate changes on cash and restricted cash	1		(3)		4
Net increase (decrease) in cash and restricted cash	(83)		82		1
Cash and restricted cash – beginning of year	84		2		1
Cash and restricted cash – end of year	$	1	$	84	$	2

(1) Includes cash dividends received from subsidiaries of $3.7 billion, $2.0 billion, and $200 million in 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

(2) Chubb maintains two notional multicurrency cash pools (Pools) with a third-party bank. Refer to Note 1 f) for additional information.

The condensed financial information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto.

Schedule IV (SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION CONCERNING REINSURANCE) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

SEC Schedule, 12-17, Insurance Companies, Reinsurance [Abstract]

Schedule IV

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION CONCERNING REINSURANCE


Premiums Earned
For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 (in millions of U.S. dollars, except for percentages)	Direct Amount		Ceded To Other Companies		Assumed From Other Companies		Net Amount		Percentage of Amount Assumed to Net
2021
Property and Casualty	$	35,767	$	7,982	$	3,441	$	31,226	11	%
Accident and Health	4,062		362		109		3,809		3	%
Life	1,309		89		100		1,320		8	%
Total	$	41,138	$	8,433	$	3,650	$	36,355	10	%
2020
Property and Casualty	$	31,546	$	6,782	$	3,044	$	27,808	11	%
Accident and Health	4,249		368		111		3,992		3	%
Life	1,242		93		168		1,317		13	%
Total	$	37,037	$	7,243	$	3,323	$	33,117	10	%
2019
Property and Casualty	$	30,339	$	7,236	$	2,797	$	25,900	11	%
Accident and Health	4,546		376		119		4,289		3	%
Life	991		81		191		1,101		17	%
Total	$	35,876	$	7,693	$	3,107	$	31,290	10	%

Schedule VI (SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION CONCERNING PROPERTY AND CASUALTY OPERATIONS) (Table)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

SEC Schedule, 12-18, Supplemental Information, Property-Casualty Insurance Underwriters [Abstract]

Schedule VI

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION CONCERNING PROPERTY AND CASUALTY OPERATIONS


As of and for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 (in millions of U.S. dollars)
	Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs		Net Reserves for Unpaid Losses and Loss Expenses		Unearned Premiums		Net Premiums Earned		Net Investment Income		Net Losses and Loss Expenses Incurred Related to					Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs		Net Paid Losses and Loss Expenses		Net Premiums Written
												Current Year		Prior Year
2021	$	4,260	$	56,759	$	19,101	$	35,035	$	3,133		$	22,966	$	(986)	$	6,440	$	17,884	$	36,474
2020	$	4,244	$	53,164	$	17,652	$	31,800	$	3,074		$	22,124	$	(414)	$	6,076	$	17,434	$	32,471
2019	$	4,161	$	48,509	$	16,771	$	30,189	$	3,141		$	19,575	$	(845)	$	5,831	$	18,473	$	31,126

Summary of significant accounting policies (Narrative) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]
Deposit Assets	$ 101	$ 107
Unpaid losses and loss expenses	72,943	67,811	$ 62,690	$ 62,960
Deposit liabilities included in Deposit liabilities	74	86
Borrowings under Guaranteed Investment Agreements	$ 2,200	2,200
Summary of significant accounting policies [Line Items]
Deferred Marketing Costs, Amortization Period	10 years
Deferred Advertising Costs	$ 189	226
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs, Amortization Expense	$ 6,918	6,547	6,153
Recoverable from unrated reinsurers, ceded reserve, default factor (percent)	34.00%
Percentage of fair value of loaned securities	102.00%
Quality assessment threshold used in goodwill impairment testing	50.00%
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	$ 2,000	2,000
Net operating results of ESIS included within Administrative expenses	25	18	47
Chubb integration expenses	0	0	23
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent	(59,714)	(59,441)	(55,331)
The Chubb Corporation [Member] \| Debt Securities [Member]
Summary of significant accounting policies [Line Items]
Assets, Fair Value Adjustment	127
Selling and Marketing Expense [Member]
Summary of significant accounting policies [Line Items]
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs, Amortization Expense	85	99	109
Fair Value Adjustment to Acquired Loss Reserves [Member] \| The Chubb Corporation [Member]
Summary of significant accounting policies [Line Items]
Balance of FV adjustment on Unpaid Losses and Loss Expenses	90	110
Retained Earnings
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent	$ (47,365)	$ (39,337)	(36,142)	(31,700)
Minimum
Liability for Future Policy Benefit, by Product Segment [Line Items]
Liability for Future Policy Benefits, Interest Rate	1.00%	1.00%
Summary of significant accounting policies [Line Items]
Reinsurance Premiums, Amortization Period	1 year
Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Accrued Interest, Threshold Period, Writeoff	30 days
Maximum
Liability for Future Policy Benefit, by Product Segment [Line Items]
Liability for Future Policy Benefits, Interest Rate	9.00%	9.00%
Summary of significant accounting policies [Line Items]
Reinsurance Premiums, Amortization Period	3 years
Affiliated notional cash pooling program	$ 300
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life	25 years
Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Accrued Interest, Threshold Period, Writeoff	45 days
Software Development [Member]
Summary of significant accounting policies [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	$ 1,400
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	15 years
Software Development [Member] \| Minimum
Summary of significant accounting policies [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	3 years
Software Development [Member] \| Maximum
Summary of significant accounting policies [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	5 years
Building [Member]
Summary of significant accounting policies [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	$ 228
Building [Member] \| Maximum
Summary of significant accounting policies [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	40 years
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member] \| Retained Earnings
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent		$ 0	$ 72	$ 12

Summary of significant accounting policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Cash (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash	$ 1,659	$ 1,747	$ 1,537
Restricted cash	152	89	109
Cash and restricted cash	1,811	1,836	$ 1,646	$ 1,340
Borrowings under Guaranteed Investment Agreements	$ 2,200	$ 2,200

Acquisitions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
Acquisitions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Oct. 07, 2021
Investment [Line Items]
Payment, including deposit, for Huatai Group Interest			$ 1,184	$ 1,623	$ 580
Payment, including deposit, for Huatai Group Interest			1,184	1,623	$ 580
Deposit Assets			$ 101	$ 107
Cigna's Life Insurance Business in Asia-Pacific Markets [Member] \| Asia Pacific and Far East [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
BusinessAcquisitionCostOfAcquiredEntityExpectedCashConsideration						$ 5,750
Huatai Group [Member] \| CHINA
Investment [Line Items]
Ownership Percentage			47.00%	47.00%
Equity method investment, additional 31.8 percentage agreed on			31.80%
Purchase of incremental ownership interest			$ 2,200
Deposits Assets			$ 1,100
Payment to acquire additional ownership interest in equity method investment				$ 500
Equity method investment, additional 7.1 percent agreed on			7.10%
Huatai Group [Member] \| CHINA \| Subsequent Event [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Payment to acquire additional ownership interest in equity method investment	$ 113
Equity method investment, additional 7.1 percentage obtained		38.70%
Huatai Group [Member] \| CHINA \| Direct Ownership [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Ownership Percentage			47.30%

Investments (Narrative) (Detail) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Investments (Narrative) (Detail) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) partnerships
Investment [Line Items]
Document Period End Date		Dec. 31, 2021
Limited partnerships number \| partnerships			130
Restricted assets in fixed maturities and short-term investments		$ 17,092	$ 19,605
Restricted assets in cash		$ 152	$ 89
CHINA \| Huatai Group [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Ownership Percentage		47.00%	47.00%
CHINA \| Huatai Life Insurance Co. [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Ownership Percentage		20.00%	20.00%
Subsequent Event [Member] \| CHINA \| Huatai Group [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Equity method investment, additional 7.1 percentage obtained	38.70%
Indirect Ownership [Member] \| CHINA \| Huatai Life Insurance Co. [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Ownership Percentage		37.70%
Direct Ownership [Member] \| CHINA \| Huatai Group [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Ownership Percentage		47.30%
Direct Ownership [Member] \| CHINA \| Huatai Life Insurance Co. [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Ownership Percentage		20.00%

Investments Investments (Schedule Of Amortized Cost and Fair Value of Available-for-sale Securities and Related OTTI Recognized in AOCI) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fixed maturities available for sale, at amortized cost	$ 90,493	$ 85,188
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss	(14)	(20)	$ 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	3,220	5,655
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	(591)	(124)
Available for sale, Fair Value	93,108	90,699
US Treasury and Government [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fixed maturities available for sale, at amortized cost	2,111	2,471
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss	0	0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	109	199
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	(6)	0
Available for sale, Fair Value	2,214	2,670
Foreign
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fixed maturities available for sale, at amortized cost	25,156	24,594
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss	(8)	(6)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	953	1,808
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	(272)	(42)
Available for sale, Fair Value	25,829	26,354
Corporate securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fixed maturities available for sale, at amortized cost	37,844	34,095
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss	(6)	(14)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	1,410	2,322
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	(185)	(72)
Available for sale, Fair Value	39,063	36,331
Collateralized Mortgage Backed Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fixed maturities available for sale, at amortized cost	20,080	17,456
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss	0	0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	532	1,022
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	(123)	(8)
Available for sale, Fair Value	20,489	18,470
States, municipalities, and political subdivisions
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fixed maturities available for sale, at amortized cost	5,302	6,572
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss	0	0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	216	304
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	(5)	(2)
Available for sale, Fair Value	$ 5,513	$ 6,874

Investments (Schedule Of Amortized Cost And Fair Value Of Held-to-Maturity And Related Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Recognized In Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Schedule of Held-to-maturity Securities [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	$ 10,153	$ 11,697
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss	35	44	$ 0
Debt securities, held to maturity, net carrying value	10,118	11,653
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Gain	533	859
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Loss	(4)	(2)
Held to maturity, Fair Value	10,647	12,510
U.S. Treasury and agency
Schedule of Held-to-maturity Securities [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,213	1,392
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss	0	0
Debt securities, held to maturity, net carrying value	1,213	1,392
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Gain	34	60
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Loss	(3)	0
Held to maturity, Fair Value	1,244	1,452
Foreign
Schedule of Held-to-maturity Securities [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,201	1,295
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss	5	7
Debt securities, held to maturity, net carrying value	1,196	1,288
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Gain	66	118
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Loss	0	(1)
Held to maturity, Fair Value	1,262	1,405
Corporate securities
Schedule of Held-to-maturity Securities [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	2,032	2,185
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss	28	35
Debt securities, held to maturity, net carrying value	2,004	2,150
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Gain	197	288
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Loss	0	0
Held to maturity, Fair Value	2,201	2,438
Mortgage-backed securities
Schedule of Held-to-maturity Securities [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,731	2,000
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss	1	1
Debt securities, held to maturity, net carrying value	1,730	1,999
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Gain	74	148
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Loss	(1)	(1)
Held to maturity, Fair Value	1,803	2,146
States, municipalities, and political subdivisions
Schedule of Held-to-maturity Securities [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	3,976	4,825
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss	1	1
Debt securities, held to maturity, net carrying value	3,975	4,824
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Gain	162	245
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Accumulated Unrecognized Loss	0	0
Held to maturity, Fair Value	$ 4,137	$ 5,069

Investments (Held-to-maturity credit quality indicator) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	$ 10,153	$ 11,697
Fixed Maturities Percent of Total Amortized cost	100.00%	100.00%
Fixed maturities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net of valuation allowance - $35 and $44 (fair value – $10,647 and $12,510)	$ 10,118	$ 11,653
U.S. Treasury and agency
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,213	1,392
Fixed maturities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net of valuation allowance - $35 and $44 (fair value – $10,647 and $12,510)	1,213	1,392
Debt Security, Government, Non-US [Member]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,201	1,295
Fixed maturities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net of valuation allowance - $35 and $44 (fair value – $10,647 and $12,510)	1,196	1,288
Corporate securities
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	2,032	2,185
Fixed maturities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net of valuation allowance - $35 and $44 (fair value – $10,647 and $12,510)	2,004	2,150
Mortgage-backed securities
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,731	2,000
Fixed maturities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net of valuation allowance - $35 and $44 (fair value – $10,647 and $12,510)	1,730	1,999
States, municipalities, and political subdivisions
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	3,976	4,825
Fixed maturities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net of valuation allowance - $35 and $44 (fair value – $10,647 and $12,510)	3,975	4,824
Standard & Poor's, AAA Rating [Member]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	$ 2,089	$ 2,511
Fixed Maturities Percent of Total Amortized cost	21.00%	22.00%
Standard & Poor's, AA Rating [Member]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	$ 5,303	$ 6,193
Fixed Maturities Percent of Total Amortized cost	52.00%	53.00%
Standard & Poor's, A Rating [Member]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	$ 1,964	$ 2,138
Fixed Maturities Percent of Total Amortized cost	19.00%	18.00%
Standard & Poor's, BBB Rating [Member]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	$ 773	$ 826
Fixed Maturities Percent of Total Amortized cost	8.00%	7.00%
Standard & Poor's, BB Rating [Member]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	$ 23	$ 28
Fixed Maturities Percent of Total Amortized cost	0.00%	0.00%
Other [Member]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	$ 1	$ 1
Fixed Maturities Percent of Total Amortized cost	0.00%	0.00%

Investments (Schedule Of Fixed Maturities By Contractual Maturity) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Allocated and Single Maturity Date, Amortized Cost		$ 72,229
Available for sale, Mortgage-backed securities, Amortized Cost		18,470
Available for sale, Due in 1 year or less, Fair Value	$ 4,498	4,760
Available for sale, Due after 1 year through 5 years, Fair Value	25,542	26,227
Available for sale, Due after 5 years through 10 years, Fair Value	28,207	27,232
Available for sale, Due after 10 years, Fair Value	14,372	14,010
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Maturity, Allocated and Single Maturity Date, Fair Value	72,619	72,229
Available for sale, Mortgage backed securities, Fair Value	20,489	18,470
Available for sale, Fair Value	93,108	90,699
Debt securities, Held-to-maturity, maturity, allocated and single maturity date, within on year, net carrying value	888	1,231
Debt securities, Held-to-maturity, maturity, allocated and single maturity date, after one through five years, net carrying value	3,744	3,592
Debt securities, Held-to-maturity, maturity, allocated and single maturity date, after five through ten years, net carrying value	2,242	3,029
Debt securities, Held-to-maturity, maturity, allocated and single maturity date, after 10 years, net carrying value	1,514	1,802
Debt securities, Held-to-maturity, maturity, allocated and single maturity date, net carrying value	8,388	9,654
Debt securities, Held-to-maturity, without single maturity date, net carrying value	1,730	1,999
Held to maturity, Due in 1 year or less, Fair Value	894	1,240
Held to maturity, Due after 1 year through 5, Fair Value	3,846	3,760
Held to maturity, Due after 5 years through 10 years, Fair Value	2,349	3,228
Held to maturity, Due after 10 years, Fair Value	1,755	2,136
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Maturity, Allocated and Single Maturity Date, Fair Value	8,844	10,364
Held to maturity, Mortgage backed securities, Fair Value	1,803	2,146
Fixed maturities held to maturity, at amortized cost, net of valuation allowance - $35 and $44 (fair value – $10,647 and $12,510)	10,118	11,653
Held to maturity, Fair Value	$ 10,647	$ 12,510

Investments (Aggregate Fair Value And Gross Unrealized Loss By Length Of Time Security Has Continuously Been In Unrealized Loss Position) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Investment [Line Items]
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2021
Fixed Maturities [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months	$ 25,041	$ 4,755
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	(465)	(75)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer	2,159	758
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	(104)	(22)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position	27,200	5,513
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	(569)	(97)
U.S. Treasury and agency \| Fixed Maturities [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months	363
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	(3)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer	70
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	(3)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position	433
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	(6)
Foreign \| Fixed Maturities [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months	6,917	1,628
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	(196)	(35)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer	1,093	114
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	(62)	(5)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position	8,010	1,742
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	(258)	(40)
Corporate securities \| Fixed Maturities [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months	9,449	2,212
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	(145)	(33)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer	806	593
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	(32)	(14)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position	10,255	2,805
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	(177)	(47)
Mortgage-backed securities \| Fixed Maturities [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months	8,086	875
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	(116)	(6)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer	190	35
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	(7)	(2)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position	8,276	910
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	(123)	(8)
States, municipalities, and political subdivisions \| Fixed Maturities [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months	226	40
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	(5)	(1)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer	0	16
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	0	(1)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position	226	56
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	$ (5)	$ (2)

Investments (Roll-Forward Of Pre-Tax Credit Losses Related To Fixed Maturities For Which Portion Of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Was Recognized In Other Comprehensive Income) (Detail) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Roll-Forward Of Pre-Tax Credit Losses Related To Fixed Maturities For Which Portion Of OTTI Was Recognized In OCI
Balance of credit losses related to securities still held-beginning of period	$ 34
Additions where no OTTI was previously recorded	33
Additions where an OTTI was previously recorded	4
Reductions for securities sold during the period	(41)
Balance of credit losses related to securities still held-end of period	$ 30

Investments (Net Realized Gains (Losses) And Losses Included In Net Realized Gains (Losses) And Other Comprehensive Income) (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses gross

$ (90)

OTTI on Fixed Maturities

(58)

Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss, Period Increase (Decrease)

$ 14

$ 188

Debt Securities, Available-For-Sale, Credit Impairment Charges Intent to Sell

(30)

(170)

0

Foreign exchange gains( losses)

348

(483)

7

Fair Value adjustment on insurance derivative

316

(202)

(4)

Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)

34

(228)

(585)

1,152

(498)

(530)

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Securities, Available-for-sale, Tax

(2,417)

2,130

3,088

521

(462)

(647)

Other derivative instruments

Investment and embedded derivative instruments

(8)

1

(8)

(72)

81

(435)

S&P Options and Futures

Equity Securities [Member]

(202)

(108)

(138)

Fixed maturities held to maturity

662

586

104

^[1]

Other Investments [Member]

(18)

(24)

(31)

Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)

111

(32)

(20)

Available-for-sale Securities [Member]

(2,901)

2,628

3,769

Debt Securities [Member]

Other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses gross

(90)

OTTI on fixed maturities recognized in OCI (pre-tax)

0

32

OTTI on Fixed Maturities

(58)

Fixed Maturities [Member]

Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Realized Gain (Loss), Excluding Other-than-temporary Impairment

142

244

203

Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Realized Loss, Excluding Other-than-temporary Impairment

(123)

(366)

(176)

Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Realized Gain (Loss)

3

(281)

(31)

Other [Member]

Gain (Loss) on Sale of Other Investments

(6)

(60)

(5)

Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member] | Equity Securities [Member]

(19)

(12)

(3)

662

586

104

505

131

46

Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member] | Other Investments [Member]

157

455

58

Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)

111

(32)

(20)

111

(32)

(15)

Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member] | Equity securities and other investments [Member]

0

(5)

Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)

773

554

84

616

99

31

157

455

53

-72000000

Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss, Period Increase (Decrease)

$ 14

$ 11

$ 0

[1]	Relates to certain securities we intended to sell and securities written to market entering default.

Investments Investments (Schedule of Gains and Losses on Equity and Other Investments) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)

$ (2,417)

$ 2,130

$ 3,088

1,152

(498)

(530)

Equity Securities [Member]

Other Investments [Member]

662

586

104

^[1]

Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)

111

(32)

(20)

Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member] | Equity Securities [Member]

662

586

104

505

131

46

Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member] | Other Investments [Member]

157

455

58

111

(32)

(15)

Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)

0

(5)

111

(32)

(20)

Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member] | Equity securities and other investments [Member]

616

99

31

Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)

157

455

53

$ 773

$ 554

$ 84

[1]	Relates to certain securities we intended to sell and securities written to market entering default.

Investments (Schedule Of Other Investments) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Other Investment Not Readily Marketable [Line Items]
Other Investments	$ 11,169	$ 7,945
Alternative Investment	10,108	6,770
Fair Value
Other Investment Not Readily Marketable [Line Items]
Other Investments	11,169	7,945
Alternative Investment	10,108	6,770
Other [Member] \| Other Accounting Method [Member] \| Fair Value
Other Investment Not Readily Marketable [Line Items]
Other Investments	59	188
Partially-owned Investment Companies [Member] \| Equity Method Investments [Member] \| Fair Value
Other Investment Not Readily Marketable [Line Items]
Other Investments	9,210	5,969
Limited Partner [Member] \| Cost-method Investments [Member] \| Fair Value
Other Investment Not Readily Marketable [Line Items]
Other Investments	631	547
Investment Funds [Member] \| Cost-method Investments [Member] \| Fair Value
Other Investment Not Readily Marketable [Line Items]
Other Investments	267	254
Life [Member] \| Other Accounting Method [Member] \| Fair Value
Other Investment Not Readily Marketable [Line Items]
Other Investments	481	438
Policy Loans [Member] \| Other Accounting Method [Member] \| Fair Value
Other Investment Not Readily Marketable [Line Items]
Other Investments	243	233
Non-qualified separate account assets [Member] \| Other Accounting Method [Member] \| Fair Value
Other Investment Not Readily Marketable [Line Items]
Other Investments	$ 278	$ 316

Investments (Rollforward of expected credit losses AFS) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2020	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss		$ 14	$ 20	$ 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss, Purchased with Credit Deterioration, Increase		0	5
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss, Period Increase (Decrease)		14	188
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss, Recovery		(20)	(193)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss, Writeoff		0	(5)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax		3,220	5,655
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss		35	44	0
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss, Recovery		(10)	(9)
Mortgage-backed securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss		0	0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax		532	1,022
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss		1	1
-72000000
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss			0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss, Period Increase (Decrease)		$ 14	11	$ 0
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss	$ 44		$ 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Allowance for Credit Loss, Not Previously Recorded	$ 25

Investments (Rollforward of expected credit losses HTM) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 01, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss	$ 35	$ 44		$ 0
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss, Period Increase (Decrease)	1	9
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss, Recovery	$ (10)	(9)
-72000000
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss		$ 0	$ 44

Investments Investments (Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Unfunded Commitments	$ 7,153	$ 3,200
Alternative Investment	10,108	6,770
Financial [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Unfunded Commitments	267	237
Alternative Investment	$ 1,096	$ 673
Financial [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	2 years	2 years
Financial [Member] \| Maximum
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	10 years	10 years
Real Estate Funds [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Unfunded Commitments	$ 766	$ 598
Alternative Investment	$ 1,193	$ 805
Real Estate Funds [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	2 years	2 years
Real Estate Funds [Member] \| Maximum
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	11 years	11 years
Distressed Alternative Investments [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Unfunded Commitments	$ 641	$ 970
Alternative Investment	$ 753	$ 358
Distressed Alternative Investments [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	2 years	2 years
Distressed Alternative Investments [Member] \| Maximum
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	8 years	8 years
Private Credit Alternative Investments [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Unfunded Commitments	$ 279	$ 270
Alternative Investment	$ 84	$ 88
Private Credit Alternative Investments [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	3 years	3 years
Private Credit Alternative Investments [Member] \| Maximum
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	8 years	8 years
Private Equity Funds [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Unfunded Commitments	$ 5,200	$ 1,125
Alternative Investment	$ 6,647	$ 4,519
Private Equity Funds [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	2 years	2 years
Private Equity Funds [Member] \| Maximum
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	14 years	14 years
Vintage Alternative Investments [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Unfunded Commitments	$ 0	$ 0
Alternative Investment	$ 68	$ 73
Vintage Alternative Investments [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	1 year	1 year
Vintage Alternative Investments [Member] \| Maximum
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Liquidating Investment, Remaining Period	2 years	2 years
Investment Funds Alternative Investments [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share, Unfunded Commitments	$ 0	$ 0
Alternative Investment	$ 267	$ 254

Investments (Schedule Of Investments In Partially-Owned Insurance Companies) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Investment [Line Items]
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2021
Carrying Value	$ 3,130	$ 2,813
Goodwill	15,213	15,400	$ 15,296
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity	1,429	1,385
Huatai Group [Member] \| CHINA
Investment [Line Items]
Carrying Value	$ 2,698	$ 2,461
Ownership Percentage	47.00%	47.00%
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity	$ 1,355	$ 1,313
Huatai Life Insurance Co. [Member] \| CHINA
Investment [Line Items]
Carrying Value	$ 253	$ 201
Ownership Percentage	20.00%	20.00%
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity	$ 71	$ 69
Freisenbruch-Meyer \| Bermuda
Investment [Line Items]
Carrying Value	$ 10	$ 10
Ownership Percentage	40.00%	40.00%
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity	$ 3	$ 3
Chubb Arabia Cooperative Insurance Company [Member] \| Saudi Arabia
Investment [Line Items]
Carrying Value	$ 23	$ 23
Ownership Percentage	30.00%	30.00%
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity	$ 0	$ 0
Russian Reinsurance Company \| Russia
Investment [Line Items]
Carrying Value	$ 4	$ 4
Ownership Percentage	23.00%	23.00%
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity	$ 0	$ 0
ABR Reinsurance Capital Holdings Ltd. [Member] \| Bermuda
Investment [Line Items]
Carrying Value	$ 142	$ 114
Ownership Percentage	17.10%	16.00%
Equity Method Investment, Difference Between Carrying Amount and Underlying Equity	$ 0	$ 0
Direct Ownership [Member] \| Huatai Group [Member] \| CHINA
Investment [Line Items]
Ownership Percentage	47.30%
Direct Ownership [Member] \| Huatai Life Insurance Co. [Member] \| CHINA
Investment [Line Items]
Ownership Percentage	20.00%
Indirect Ownership [Member] \| Huatai Life Insurance Co. [Member] \| CHINA
Investment [Line Items]
Ownership Percentage	37.70%
Total Direct and Indirect [Member] \| Huatai Life Insurance Co. [Member] \| CHINA
Investment [Line Items]
Ownership Percentage	57.70%

Investments (Schedule Of Sources Of Net Investment Income) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	$ 3,643	$ 3,551	$ 3,598
Investment expenses	(187)	(176)	(172)
Net investment income	3,456	3,375	3,426
The Chubb Corporation [Member]
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Amortization of Debt Issuance Costs and Discounts	(84)	(116)	(161)
Fixed Maturities [Member]
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	3,300	3,321	3,385
Short-term investments
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	35	48	84
Other interest income [Member]
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	11	19	25
Equity securities
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	150	81	26
Other Investments [Member]
Net Investment Income [Line Items]
Gross investment income	$ 147	$ 82	$ 78

Investments (Schedule Of Components Of Restricted Assets) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Funds Held under Reinsurance Agreements, Asset	$ 9,915	$ 12,305
Deposits with non-U.S. regulatory authorities	2,873	2,905
Collateral pledged under repurchase agreements	1,420	1,462
Deposits with U.S. regulatory authorities	2,402	2,438
Other pledged assets	634	584
Total restricted assets	$ 17,244	$ 19,694

Fair Value Measurements (Narrative) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative, Gain (Loss) on Derivative, Net	$ 34	$ (228)	$ (585)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities	15,004	14,052
Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative, Gain (Loss) on Derivative, Net	316	(202)	(4)
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Equity Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)	0	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Short-term investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)	0	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Other Long-term Investments [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)	0	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Fixed maturities available for sale \| Debt Security, Government, Non-US [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)	0	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Fixed maturities available for sale \| Corporate securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)	0	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Fixed maturities available for sale \| Mortgage-backed securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)	0	0	0
Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability, Period Increase (Decrease)	$ (28)	$ (10)	$ 32

Fair Value Measurements (Financial Instruments Measured At Fair Value On Recurring Basis) (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

$ 93,108

$ 90,699

4,782

4,027

3,146

4,345

11,169

7,945

US Treasury and Government [Member]

1,831

1,844

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

2,214

2,670

Foreign

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

25,829

26,354

Corporate securities

Mortgage-backed securities

39,063

36,331

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

States, municipalities, and political subdivisions

20,489

18,470

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member]

5,513

6,874

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Investment Funds Limited Partnerships Partially Owned Investment Companies Fair Value [Member]

11,169

7,945

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

10,108

6,770

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

51

60

Policy Loans [Member]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member]

243

233

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

93,108

90,699

4,782

4,027

3,146

4,345

767

882

1,831

1,844

58

35

5,560

4,388

109,252

106,220

^[1]

166

52

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | US Treasury and Government [Member]

16

17

927

1,158

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Foreign

2,214

2,670

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Corporate securities

25,829

26,354

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Mortgage-backed securities

39,063

36,331

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | States, municipalities, and political subdivisions

20,489

18,470

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 1

5,513

6,874

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

1,680

2,148

4,705

3,954

1,744

2,866

286

434

0

58

35

5,461

4,264

13,934

^[2]

13,701

^[1]

166

52

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 | US Treasury and Government [Member]

16

17

182

69

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 | Foreign

1,680

2,148

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 | Corporate securities

0

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 | Mortgage-backed securities

0

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 | States, municipalities, and political subdivisions

0

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 2

0

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

88,720

86,372

0

1,395

1,474

481

438

1,831

1,844

0

99

124

92,526

^[2]

90,252

^[1]

0

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 | US Treasury and Government [Member]

0

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 | Foreign

534

522

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 | Corporate securities

25,196

25,808

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 | Mortgage-backed securities

37,014

34,758

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 | States, municipalities, and political subdivisions

20,463

18,410

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 3

5,513

6,874

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

2,708

2,179

77

73

7

5

0

10

0

0

0

2,792

2,267

^[1]

0

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 3 | US Treasury and Government [Member]

0

745

1,089

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 3 | Foreign

0

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 3 | Corporate securities

633

546

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 3 | Mortgage-backed securities

2,049

1,573

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 3 | States, municipalities, and political subdivisions

26

60

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]

0

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Liabilities for Guarantees on Long-Duration Contracts, Guaranteed Benefit Liability, Gross

745

1,089

Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit | Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 1

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Liabilities for Guarantees on Long-Duration Contracts, Guaranteed Benefit Liability, Gross

0

Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit | Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 2

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Liabilities for Guarantees on Long-Duration Contracts, Guaranteed Benefit Liability, Gross

0

Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit | Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Level 3

Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis [Line Items]

Liabilities for Guarantees on Long-Duration Contracts, Guaranteed Benefit Liability, Gross

$ 745

$ 1,089

[1]

Excluded from the table above are partially-owned investments, investment funds, and limited partnerships of $6,770 million, policy loans of $233 million and other investments of $60 million at December 31, 2020 measured using NAV as a practical expedient.(2)Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.

[2]

Excluded from the table above are partially-owned investments, investment funds, and limited partnerships of $10,108 million, policy loans of $243 million and other investments of $51 million at December 31, 2021 measured using NAV as a practical expedient

Fair Value Measurements (Schedule Of Significant Unobservable Inputs Used In Level 3 Liability Valuations) (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2018

Minimum

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Long-Duration Contracts, Assumptions by Product and Guarantee, Lapse Rate

3.00%

Annuitization rate

0.00%

Maximum

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Long-Duration Contracts, Assumptions by Product and Guarantee, Lapse Rate

31.00%

Annuitization rate

100.00%

Weighted Average

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Long-Duration Contracts, Assumptions by Product and Guarantee, Lapse Rate

4.50%

Annuitization rate

^[1]

3.60%

Level 3 | Equity Securities [Member]

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)

$ 0

0

Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets

0

Level 3 | Short-term investments

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)

(6)

(12)

(1)

0

Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets

0

Level 3 | Other Long-term Investments [Member]

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)

0

(1)

0

Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets

0

Level 3 | Fixed maturities available for sale | Debt Security, Government, Non-US [Member]

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)

(122)

(57)

(53)

0

Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets

(25)

16

7

Level 3 | Fixed maturities available for sale | Corporate securities

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)

(607)

(423)

(279)

0

Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets

17

(6)

(8)

Level 3 | Fixed maturities available for sale | Mortgage-backed securities

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Period Increase (Decrease)

(33)

(1)

(3)

0

Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets

0

Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit | Level 3

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value

745

^[2]

1,089

897

$ 861

Settlements, liabilities

0

Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability, Period Increase (Decrease)

(28)

(10)

32

Fair Value, Liability, Recurring Basis, Still Held, Unrealized Gain (Loss), OCI

0

$ 0

Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit | Level 3 | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value

$ 745

[1]	The weighted average lapse and annuitization rates are determined by weighting each treaty's rates by the GLB contracts fair value.
[2]	Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.

Fair value measurements Fair Value Measurements (Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation) (Details) - Level 3 - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Equity securities
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Balance- Beginning of year, assets	$ 73	$ 69	$ 57
Transfers into Level 3, assets	0	0	0
Transfers out of Level 3, assets	0	(3)	0
Change in Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) included in OCI, Assets	0	0	1
Net Realized Gains/Losses, Assets	8	1	(2)
Purchased, assets	21	23	34
Sales, assets	(25)	(17)	(21)
Settlements, assets	0	0	0
Balance- End of year, assets	77	73	69
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	5	4	(3)
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	0	0	0
Short-term investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Balance- Beginning of year, assets	5	6	1
Transfers into Level 3, assets	0	0	0
Transfers out of Level 3, assets	0	0	0
Change in Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) included in OCI, Assets	(1)	0	0
Net Realized Gains/Losses, Assets	0	(1)	0
Purchased, assets	9	14	6
Sales, assets	0	(2)	0
Settlements, assets	(6)	(12)	(1)
Balance- End of year, assets	7	5	6
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	0	0	0
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	0	0	0
Other investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Balance- Beginning of year, assets	10	10	11
Transfers into Level 3, assets	0	0	0
Transfers out of Level 3, assets	(10)	0	0
Change in Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) included in OCI, Assets	0	0	0
Net Realized Gains/Losses, Assets	0	0	0
Purchased, assets	0	0	0
Sales, assets	0	0	0
Settlements, assets	0	0	(1)
Balance- End of year, assets	0	10	10
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	0	0	0
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	0	0	0
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] \| Foreign
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Balance- Beginning of year, assets	546	449	345
Transfers into Level 3, assets	24	0	11
Transfers out of Level 3, assets	(11)	(16)	(24)
Change in Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) included in OCI, Assets	(30)	19	13
Net Realized Gains/Losses, Assets	(1)	(1)	(1)
Purchased, assets	275	274	228
Sales, assets	(48)	(122)	(70)
Settlements, assets	(122)	(57)	(53)
Balance- End of year, assets	633	546	449
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	0	0	0
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	(25)	16	7
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] \| Corporate securities
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Balance- Beginning of year, assets	1,573	1,451	1,299
Transfers into Level 3, assets	91	134	23
Transfers out of Level 3, assets	(76)	(73)	(38)
Change in Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) included in OCI, Assets	15	(8)	(2)
Net Realized Gains/Losses, Assets	(2)	(30)	(4)
Purchased, assets	1,154	708	577
Sales, assets	(99)	(186)	(125)
Settlements, assets	(607)	(423)	(279)
Balance- End of year, assets	2,049	1,573	1,451
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	3	(5)	(2)
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	17	(6)	(8)
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] \| Mortgage-backed securities
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Balance- Beginning of year, assets	60	60	61
Transfers into Level 3, assets	0	0	0
Transfers out of Level 3, assets	(18)	(1)	(16)
Change in Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) included in OCI, Assets	0	0	0
Net Realized Gains/Losses, Assets	0	0	0
Purchased, assets	18	2	19
Sales, assets	(1)	0	(1)
Settlements, assets	(33)	(1)	(3)
Balance- End of year, assets	26	60	60
Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	0	0	0
Change in Net Unrealized Gains/Losses included in OCI at the Balance Sheet Date, Assets	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Fair value measurements Fair Value Measurements (Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation) (Details) - Level 3 - Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]

Balance - Beginning of year, liabilities

$ 1,089

$ 897

$ 861

Transfers Into Level 3, liabilities

0

Transfers out of Level 3, liabilities

0

Change in Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) included in OCI, Liabilities

0

Net Realized Gains/Losses, Liabilities

(316)

202

4

Purchased, liabilities

0

Sales, liabilities

0

Settlements, liabilities

0

Balance - End of year, liabilities

745

^[1]

1,089

897

Net Realized Gains/Losses Attributable to Changes in Fair Value at the Balance Sheet Date, Liabilities

(316)

202

4

Fair Value, Liability, Recurring Basis, Still Held, Unrealized Gain (Loss), OCI

$ 0

[1]	Our GLB reinsurance product meets the definition of a derivative instrument for accounting purposes and is accordingly carried at fair value.

Fair Value Measurements (Carrying Values And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments Not Measured At Fair Value) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	$ 10,647	$ 12,510
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	10,153	11,697
Financial Instruments, Financial Liabilities, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Repurchase agreements	1,406	1,405
Short-term debt	999	0
Long-term debt	15,169	14,948
Total liabilities	140,340	131,333
US Treasury and Government [Member]
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	1,244	1,452
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,213	1,392
Foreign
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	1,262	1,405
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,201	1,295
Corporate securities
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	2,201	2,438
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	2,032	2,185
Mortgage-backed securities
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	1,803	2,146
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,731	2,000
States, municipalities, and political subdivisions
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	4,137	5,069
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	3,976	4,825
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member]
Financial Instruments, Financial Liabilities, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Repurchase agreements	1,406	1,405
Short-term debt, Fair Value	1,019
Long-term debt, Fair Value	16,848	17,487
Trust preferred securities	460	473
Total liabilities	19,733	19,365
Reported Value Measurement
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	10,118	11,653
Financial Instruments, Financial Liabilities, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Repurchase agreements	1,406	1,405
Short-term debt	999
Long-term debt	15,169	14,948
Trust preferred securities	308	308
Total liabilities	17,882	16,661
Reported Value Measurement \| US Treasury and Government [Member]
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,213	1,392
Reported Value Measurement \| Foreign
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,196	1,288
Reported Value Measurement \| Corporate securities
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	2,004	2,150
Reported Value Measurement \| Mortgage-backed securities
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	1,730	1,999
Reported Value Measurement \| States, municipalities, and political subdivisions
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity	3,975	4,824
Level 1
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	1,192	1,395
Financial Instruments, Financial Liabilities, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Repurchase agreements	0	0
Short-term debt, Fair Value	0
Long-term debt, Fair Value	0	0
Trust preferred securities	0	0
Total liabilities	0	0
Level 1 \| US Treasury and Government [Member]
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	1,192	1,395
Level 1 \| Foreign
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	0	0
Level 1 \| Corporate securities
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	0	0
Level 1 \| Mortgage-backed securities
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	0	0
Level 1 \| States, municipalities, and political subdivisions
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	0	0
Level 2
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	9,455	11,115
Financial Instruments, Financial Liabilities, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Repurchase agreements	1,406	1,405
Short-term debt, Fair Value	1,019
Long-term debt, Fair Value	16,848	17,487
Trust preferred securities	460	473
Total liabilities	19,733	19,365
Level 2 \| US Treasury and Government [Member]
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	52	57
Level 2 \| Foreign
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	1,262	1,405
Level 2 \| Corporate securities
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	2,201	2,438
Level 2 \| Mortgage-backed securities
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	1,803	2,146
Level 2 \| States, municipalities, and political subdivisions
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	4,137	5,069
Level 3
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	0	0
Financial Instruments, Financial Liabilities, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Repurchase agreements	0	0
Short-term debt, Fair Value	0
Long-term debt, Fair Value	0	0
Trust preferred securities	0	0
Total liabilities	0	0
Level 3 \| US Treasury and Government [Member]
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	0	0
Level 3 \| Foreign
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	0	0
Level 3 \| Corporate securities
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	0	0
Level 3 \| Mortgage-backed securities
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	0	0
Level 3 \| States, municipalities, and political subdivisions
Financial Instruments, Financial Assets, Balance Sheet Groupings [Abstract]
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Fair Value	$ 0	$ 0

Reinsurance (Consolidated Reinsurance) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Premiums written [Abstract]
Direct	$ 42,811	$ 37,749	$ 36,848
Assumed	3,969	3,512	3,276
Ceded	(8,912)	(7,441)	(7,849)
Net	37,868	33,820	32,275
Premiums earned [Abstract]
Direct	41,138	37,037	35,876
Assumed	3,650	3,323	3,107
Ceded	(8,433)	(7,243)	(7,693)
Net premiums earned	36,355	33,117	31,290
Reinsurance recoveries on losses and loss expenses incurred	$ 6,100	$ 5,000	$ 4,900

Reinsurance (Reinsurance Recoverable on Ceded Reinsurance) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2018

Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]

Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses and loss expenses

^[1]

$ 16,184

$ 14,647

$ 14,181

$ 14,689

Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses and loss expenses, allowance

271

257

Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses and loss expenses

1,182

945

Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses and loss expenses, allowance

58

57

Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses

^[2]

17,366

15,592

Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses, allowance

329

314

$ 316

Reinsurance recoverable on policy benefits

213

206

Reinsurance recoverable on policy benefits, allowance

$ 4

$ 5

[1]	Net of valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance.
[2]	Net of valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance.

Reinsurance, Allowance (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Reinsurance, Allowance (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]
Valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance	$ 329	$ 314	$ 316
Provision for uncollectible reinsurance	66	21
Write-offs charged against the valuation allowance	(50)	(25)
Foreign exchange revaluation	$ (1)	$ 2

Reinsurance (Reinsurance Recoverable by Category and Listing of Largest Reinsurers) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Gross Reinsurance Recoverable on Loss and Loss Expenses	$ 17,695
Valuation allowance for Uncollectible Reinsurance	$ 329	$ 314	$ 316
% of Gross Reinsurance Recoverable	1.90%
Largest reinsurers
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Gross Reinsurance Recoverable on Loss and Loss Expenses	$ 8,441
Valuation allowance for Uncollectible Reinsurance	$ 102
% of Gross Reinsurance Recoverable	1.20%
Other reinsurers rated A- or better
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Gross Reinsurance Recoverable on Loss and Loss Expenses	$ 5,435
Valuation allowance for Uncollectible Reinsurance	$ 63
% of Gross Reinsurance Recoverable	1.20%
Other reinsurers rated lower than A- or not rated
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Gross Reinsurance Recoverable on Loss and Loss Expenses	$ 315
Valuation allowance for Uncollectible Reinsurance	$ 48
% of Gross Reinsurance Recoverable	15.30%
Pools
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Gross Reinsurance Recoverable on Loss and Loss Expenses	$ 415
Valuation allowance for Uncollectible Reinsurance	$ 10
% of Gross Reinsurance Recoverable	2.40%
Structured settlements
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Gross Reinsurance Recoverable on Loss and Loss Expenses	$ 516
Valuation allowance for Uncollectible Reinsurance	$ 13
% of Gross Reinsurance Recoverable	2.50%
Captives
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Gross Reinsurance Recoverable on Loss and Loss Expenses	$ 2,325
Valuation allowance for Uncollectible Reinsurance	$ 28
% of Gross Reinsurance Recoverable	1.20%
Other
Ceded Credit Risk [Line Items]
Gross Reinsurance Recoverable on Loss and Loss Expenses	$ 248
Valuation allowance for Uncollectible Reinsurance	$ 65
% of Gross Reinsurance Recoverable	26.20%

Intangible Assets (Roll-forward of Goodwill by Business Segment) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 15,400	$ 15,296
Foreign exchange revaluation and other	(187)	60
Balance at end of period	15,213	15,400
North America Commercial P&C Insurance
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	6,972	6,955
Foreign exchange revaluation and other	0	17
Balance at end of period	6,972	6,972
North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	2,240	2,234
Foreign exchange revaluation and other	0	6
Balance at end of period	2,240	2,240
North America Agricultural Insurance [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	134	134
Foreign exchange revaluation and other	0	0
Balance at end of period	134	134
Overseas General Insurance [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	4,836	4,785
Foreign exchange revaluation and other	(183)	35
Balance at end of period	4,653	4,836
Global Reinsurance [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	371	371
Foreign exchange revaluation and other	0	0
Balance at end of period	371	371
Life Insurance [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	847	817
Foreign exchange revaluation and other	(4)	2
Balance at end of period	$ 843	847
Banchile Seguros de Vida [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, Acquired During Period		44
Banchile Seguros de Vida [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, Acquired During Period		0
Banchile Seguros de Vida [Member] \| North America Agricultural Insurance [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, Acquired During Period		0
Banchile Seguros de Vida [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, Acquired During Period		16
Banchile Seguros de Vida [Member] \| Global Reinsurance [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, Acquired During Period		0
Banchile Seguros de Vida [Member] \| Life Insurance [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, Acquired During Period		28
Banchile Seguros de Vida [Member] \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, Acquired During Period		$ 0

Intangible Assets (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Amortization of purchased intangibles	$ 287	$ 290	$ 305
Intangible assets subject to amortization	2,508	2,846
Intangible assets not subject to amortization	2,947	2,965
Other intangible assets	$ 5,455	$ 5,811

Intangible Assets (Estimated Amortization Expense Over Next Five Years) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
2022, Other intangible assets	$ 281
2023, Other intangible assets	265
2024, Other intangible assets	242
2025, Other intangible assets	225
2026, Other intangible assets	209
Total, Other intangible assets	1,222
Other Intangible Assets [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
2022, Other intangible assets	99
2023, Other intangible assets	94
2024, Other intangible assets	88
2025, Other intangible assets	87
2026, Other intangible assets	85
Total, Other intangible assets	453
The Chubb Corporation [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
2022, Other intangible assets	182
2023, Other intangible assets	171
2024, Other intangible assets	154
2025, Other intangible assets	138
2026, Other intangible assets	124
Total, Other intangible assets	769
The Chubb Corporation [Member] \| Agency distribution relationships and renewal rights [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
2022, Other intangible assets	196
2023, Other intangible assets	177
2024, Other intangible assets	160
2025, Other intangible assets	144
2026, Other intangible assets	130
Total, Other intangible assets	807
The Chubb Corporation [Member] \| Fair Value Adjustment to Acquired Loss Reserves [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
2022, Other intangible assets	(14)
2023, Other intangible assets	(6)
2024, Other intangible assets	(6)
2025, Other intangible assets	(6)
2026, Other intangible assets	(6)
Total, Other intangible assets	(38)
Balance of FV adjustment on Unpaid Losses and Loss Expenses	$ 90	$ 110

Intangible Assets (VOBA) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Intangible Assets (VOBA) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
VOBA Roll Forward
VOBA balance, beginning of year	$ 263	$ 306	$ 295
Amortization of Value of Business Acquired (VOBA)	(22)	(27)	(24)
VOBA Foreign exchange revaluation	(5)	(16)	35
VOBA balance, end of year	236	$ 263	$ 306
Present Value of Future Insurance Profits, Amortization Expense, Next Five Years [Abstract]
2021, VOBA	20
2022, VOBA	18
2023, VOBA	17
2024, VOBA	16
2025, VOBA	$ 14

Unpaid losses and loss expenses (Unpaid Losses and Loss Expenses Rollforward) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Unpaid Losses and Loss Expenses [Roll Forward]

Gross unpaid losses and loss expenses, beginning of year

$ 67,811

$ 62,690

$ 62,960

Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses, beginning of year

^[1]

(14,647)

(14,181)

(14,689)

Net unpaid losses and loss expenses, beginning of year

53,164

48,509

48,271

Net losses and loss expenses incurred in respect of losses incurring in Current Year

22,966

22,124

19,575

Net losses and loss expenses paid in Current Year

^[2]

(986)

(414)

(845)

Total

21,980

21,710

18,730

7,836

7,782

7,894

Net losses and loss expenses paid in Prior Year

10,048

9,652

10,579

Total

17,884

17,434

18,473

Foreign currency revaluation and other

(501)

379

(19)

Net unpaid losses and loss expenses, end of year

56,759

53,164

48,509

Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses, end of year

^[1]

16,184

14,647

14,181

Gross unpaid losses and loss expenses, end of year

72,943

67,811

62,690

Prior Period Development, net adjustments

$ 60

$ 19

$ 53

[1]	Net of valuation allowance for uncollectible reinsurance.
[2]	Relates to prior period loss reserve development only and excludes prior period development related to reinstatement premiums, expense adjustments and earned premiums totaling $60 million, $19 million, and $53 million for 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

Unpaid losses and loss expenses Unpaid losses and loss expenses (Reconciliation of reserve Balances to Liability for Unpaid Loss)(Details) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2018

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]

Unpaid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net

$ 53,940

Reinsurance Recoverable for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustments

16,310

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claim Adjustment Expense, Aggregate Reconciling Items

^[1]

1,090

Unpaid unallocated loss adjustment expenses

1,603

Unpaid losses and loss expenses

72,943

$ 67,811

$ 62,690

$ 62,960

North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]

Unpaid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net

9,942

Reinsurance Recoverable for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustments

1,379

North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]

Unpaid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net

18,736

Reinsurance Recoverable for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustments

6,263

North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]

Unpaid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net

2,304

Reinsurance Recoverable for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustments

638

North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]

Unpaid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net

2,963

Reinsurance Recoverable for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustments

1,631

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]

Unpaid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net

3,035

Reinsurance Recoverable for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustments

632

Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]

Unpaid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net

7,052

Reinsurance Recoverable for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustments

2,363

Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]

Unpaid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net

2,984

Reinsurance Recoverable for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustments

1,868

Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]

Unpaid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net

1,191

Reinsurance Recoverable for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustments

33

Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]

Unpaid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net

372

Reinsurance Recoverable for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustments

89

Other Segments [Member]

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Line Items]

Unpaid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net

5,361

Reinsurance Recoverable for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustments

$ 1,414

[1]	Primarily includes the claims reserve of our International A&H business and Life Insurance segment reserves.

Unpaid losses and loss expenses Unpaid Losses and loss expenses, claims development (Cumulative Net incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expense) (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2014 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2013 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2012 USD ($)
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 53,940
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	12,209
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	5,103
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	9,942
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	36,343
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	19,119
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	18,736
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	5,615
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	3,594
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	2,304
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	20,704
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	17,748
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	2,963
North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	26,089
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	23,081
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	3,035
Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	13,637
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	7,028
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	7,052
Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	19,731
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	16,866
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	2,984
Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	2,806
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	1,932
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	1,191
Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	2,320
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	1,959
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	372
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2012 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	952	$ 953	$ 977	$ 986	$ 989	$ 1,011	$ 1,040	$ 1,030	$ 1,011	$ 1,050
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	224
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 626	612	592	574	532	486	436	365	271	111
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	44,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2012 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 3,308	3,235	3,235	3,331	3,427	3,525	3,565	3,614	3,628	3,552
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	302
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,783	2,688	2,619	2,502	2,327	2,093	1,680	1,172	656	166
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	25,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2012 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 500	505	507	509	519	520	561	577	606	634
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	2
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 496	502	493	487	470	435	387	320	223	69
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	16,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2012 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,848	1,844	1,850	1,844	1,847	1,859	1,864	1,883	1,916	2,033
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	5
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,839	1,844	1,842	1,816	1,822	1,795	1,767	1,698	1,577	715
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	426,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2012 [Member] \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,188	2,190	2,194	2,189	2,186	2,186	2,191	2,183	2,183	2,186
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	5
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,177	2,165	2,164	2,164	2,150	2,117	2,063	1,957	1,806	1,177
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	188,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2012 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,237	1,227	1,257	1,267	1,287	1,297	1,300	1,282	1,219	1,249
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	62
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,061	1,005	940	898	828	690	577	427	244	72
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	38,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2012 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,488	1,489	1,496	1,501	1,516	1,524	1,531	1,584	1,624	1,634
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	4
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,471	1,460	1,461	1,458	1,447	1,437	1,415	1,357	1,176	643
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	555,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2012 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 376	378	373	371	372	378	393	391	382	386
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	5
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	347	341	335	324	308	293	262	222	168	78
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2012 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	184	183	185	185	188	190	192	201	211	232
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	179	179	180	180	177	172	166	156	130	$ 45
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2013 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	989	1,014	1,037	1,073	1,086	1,127	1,122	1,108	1,109
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	252
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 650	633	616	587	553	506	422	286	107
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	43,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2013 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,956	2,964	3,122	3,216	3,430	3,533	3,543	3,542	3,547
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	252
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,525	2,465	2,374	2,232	2,007	1,597	1,192	548	130
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	25,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2013 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 461	458	462	462	469	516	523	531	527
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	12
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 439	426	419	412	385	348	271	197	69
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	18,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2013 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,343	1,344	1,338	1,340	1,340	1,360	1,337	1,424	1,434
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	5
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,336	1,335	1,333	1,324	1,311	1,285	1,238	1,138	651
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	455,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2013 [Member] \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,949	1,948	1,945	1,937	1,925	1,900	1,897	1,889	1,860
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	23
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,916	1,917	1,895	1,885	1,843	1,787	1,688	1,505	1,043
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	132,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2013 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,124	1,104	1,137	1,195	1,228	1,274	1,230	1,234	1,238
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	73
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 938	917	866	799	699	557	412	258	82
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	39,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2013 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,527	1,536	1,545	1,557	1,584	1,589	1,635	1,698	1,703
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	12
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,503	1,505	1,502	1,495	1,477	1,441	1,410	1,221	659
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	573,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2013 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 309	310	316	323	331	329	329	326	320
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	10
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	278	271	269	260	241	222	186	143	65
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2013 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	138	139	140	140	142	141	146	158	160
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	0
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	137	137	136	135	133	130	120	102	$ 46
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	1,037	1,073	1,100	1,163	1,215	1,217	1,201	1,207
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	305
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 617	599	566	532	484	410	295	113
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	45,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 3,198	3,346	3,470	3,656	3,718	3,675	3,586	3,535
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	381
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,673	2,584	2,442	2,202	1,804	1,250	679	164
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	24,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 531	539	539	555	597	581	583	595
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	14
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 509	501	473	455	391	317	220	80
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	17,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,552	1,558	1,550	1,549	1,559	1,579	1,661	1,643
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	3
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,558	1,554	1,546	1,532	1,506	1,484	1,373	820
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	483,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member] \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,141	2,141	2,147	2,160	2,146	2,192	2,206	2,205
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	11
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,123	2,116	2,106	2,080	2,035	1,926	1,765	1,310
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	144,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,134	1,125	1,165	1,248	1,331	1,316	1,307	1,237
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	101
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 890	847	784	701	588	457	283	107
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	40,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,717	1,723	1,730	1,740	1,775	1,785	1,839	1,774
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	(3)
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,696	1,689	1,675	1,662	1,633	1,571	1,365	718
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	548,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 330	329	346	343	342	339	333	332
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	11
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	295	286	276	264	248	217	184	91
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	177	178	179	181	182	179	179	164
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	172	172	170	167	162	151	128	$ 65
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	1,128	1,154	1,217	1,279	1,276	1,259	1,282
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	379
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 628	606	564	501	418	301	116
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	50,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 3,709	3,736	3,943	3,977	3,819	3,709	3,560
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	714
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,749	2,533	2,291	1,856	1,206	605	138
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	27,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 463	455	458	515	502	470	487
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	31
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 412	395	371	305	215	137	47
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	15,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,592	1,589	1,605	1,638	1,650	1,745	1,736
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	(6)
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,587	1,574	1,572	1,556	1,488	1,343	727
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	545,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member] \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,566	2,570	2,563	2,544	2,561	2,550	2,495
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	12
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,533	2,508	2,478	2,392	2,271	2,084	1,499
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	148,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,202	1,219	1,278	1,301	1,278	1,249	1,153
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	137
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 929	853	774	655	478	276	82
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	42,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,890	1,908	1,915	1,933	1,963	1,985	1,867
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	3
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,853	1,836	1,807	1,786	1,707	1,481	811
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	570,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 308	304	308	300	299	288	284
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	14
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	266	249	232	217	191	158	90
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	157	159	153	161	161	154	146
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	152	151	146	142	132	103	$ 56
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	1,206	1,269	1,378	1,383	1,361	1,367
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	439
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 621	584	529	452	326	122
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	52,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 3,771	3,799	3,805	3,692	3,595	3,534
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	773
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,596	2,334	1,975	1,336	663	171
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	27,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 480	481	524	527	502	504
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	51
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 398	375	324	246	145	52
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	16,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,832	1,818	1,782	1,800	1,890	1,911
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	34
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,786	1,760	1,733	1,656	1,505	846
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	650,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member] \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,464	2,471	2,482	2,545	2,536	2,440
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	27
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,398	2,370	2,314	2,211	2,052	1,453
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	154,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,382	1,373	1,385	1,356	1,289	1,189
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	286
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 883	787	664	517	313	123
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	43,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,972	1,942	1,938	1,960	1,973	1,975
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	38
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,895	1,886	1,861	1,791	1,597	959
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	581,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 243	243	234	235	226	223
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	16
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	192	175	159	142	113	57
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	186	188	192	189	187	182
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	2
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	180	176	170	159	132	$ 57
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	1,376	1,393	1,399	1,380	1,413
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	679
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 564	516	437	313	120
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	50,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 3,552	3,631	3,581	3,499	3,322
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1,156
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,003	1,701	1,162	617	161
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	27,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 605	616	577	566	532
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	79
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 446	381	313	175	66
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	17,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,513	2,521	2,504	2,608	2,704
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	51
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,406	2,392	2,302	2,087	979
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	763,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member] \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,998	2,998	3,002	3,069	3,035
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	63
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,870	2,799	2,668	2,520	1,698
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	163,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,343	1,379	1,330	1,282	1,180
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	205
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 842	676	516	310	94
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	44,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,149	2,125	2,143	2,161	2,122
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	15
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,052	2,012	1,938	1,765	1,000
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	589,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 218	217	219	215	213
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	17
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	155	140	122	100	46
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	454	450	453	423	396
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	13
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	428	415	401	322	$ 191
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2018 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	1,385	1,379	1,361	1,359
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	681
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 528	451	329	130
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	51,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2018 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 3,828	3,697	3,494	3,375
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1,445
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,777	1,303	754	190
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	28,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2018 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 580	575	564	536
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	110
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 365	270	169	74
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	17,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2018 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,167	2,175	2,240	2,053
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	41
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,074	2,018	1,825	1,027
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	903,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2018 [Member] \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 3,118	3,103	3,037	3,010
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	197
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,865	2,706	2,549	1,926
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	169,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2018 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,434	1,392	1,330	1,279
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	493
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 627	485	322	109
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	44,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2018 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,109	2,132	2,169	2,083
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	29
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,936	1,868	1,668	954
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	623,000
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2018 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 250	254	247	244
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	25
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	149	125	96	41
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2018 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	294	299	295	285
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	276	273	255	$ 94
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2019 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	1,401	1,384	1,391
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	718
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 467	341	143
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	47,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2019 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 3,867	3,628	3,452
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1,982
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,248	671	176
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	30,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2019 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 686	637	606
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	219
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 318	190	70
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	16,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2019 [Member] \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,959	2,037	2,052
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	67
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,804	1,677	1,030
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	1,042,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2019 [Member] \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,994	2,993	2,957
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	209
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,617	2,437	1,668
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	156,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2019 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,447	1,422	1,354
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	620
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 459	327	121
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	42,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2019 [Member] \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,049	2,117	2,098
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	22
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,849	1,657	996
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	640,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2019 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 241	246	238
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	56
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	116	90	40
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2019 [Member] \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	133	137	139
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	18
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	99	84	$ 35
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	1,387	1,367
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	903
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 282	111
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	31,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 3,832	4,106
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	2,780
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 590	152
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	24,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 634	646
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	372
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 151	53
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	11,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,951	3,148
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	357
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,271	1,396
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	1,118,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,634	2,931
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	376
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,995	1,334
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	121,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,656	1,740
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1,101
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 283	105
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	34,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,309	2,448
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	250
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,649	1,031
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	541,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 250	246
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	97
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	99	41
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	255	211
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	34
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	178	$ 62
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2021 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	1,348
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1,033
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 120
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	30,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2021 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 4,322
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	3,941
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 175
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	25,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2021 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 675
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	515
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 60
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	9,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2021 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,947
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1,249
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,087
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	726,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2021 \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 3,037
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1,025
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,587
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	103,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2021 \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 1,678
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	1,373
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 116
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	29,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2021 \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,521
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	699
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 962
Cumulative Number of Reported Claims	531,000
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2021 \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 281
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	196
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	35
Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2021 \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	342
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	131
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	158
prior to 2012 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	2,836
prior to 2012 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	1,512
prior to 2012 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	283
prior to 2012 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	7
prior to 2012 \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	27
prior to 2012 \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	443
prior to 2012 \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	119
prior to 2012 \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	317
prior to 2012 \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	11
2012 - 2021 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	7,106
2012 - 2021 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	17,224
2012 - 2021 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	2,021
2012 - 2021 \| North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	2,956
2012 - 2021 \| North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	3,008
2012 - 2021 \| Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	6,609
2012 - 2021 \| Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	2,865
2012 - 2021 \| Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	874
2012 - 2021 \| Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Liability for Unpaid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net, Not Separately Presented	$ 361

Unpaid losses and loss expenses Unpaid losses and loss expenses (Details) (Supplementary PPD) (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	$ (223)
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member] \| prior to 2012
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(98)
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member] \| 2012 - 2021
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(125)
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(207)
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member] \| prior to 2012
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(86)
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member] \| 2012 - 2021
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(121)
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	21
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member] \| prior to 2012
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(7)
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member] \| 2012 - 2021
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	28
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(280)
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member] \| prior to 2012
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(3)
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member] \| 2012 - 2021
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(277)
North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(295)
North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] \| prior to 2012
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(2)
North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] \| 2012 - 2021
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(293)
Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(98)
Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member] \| prior to 2012
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(76)
Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member] \| 2012 - 2021
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(22)
Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(216)
Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member] \| prior to 2012
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(6)
Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member] \| 2012 - 2021
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(210)
Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(29)
Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member] \| prior to 2012
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(27)
Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member] \| 2012 - 2021
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(2)
Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	30
Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member] \| prior to 2012
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	(4)
Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member] \| 2012 - 2021
Supplementary PPD [Line Items]
Short-Duration PPD	$ 34

Unpaid losses and loss expenses Unpaid losses and loss expenses (Average Annual Payout) (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Workers' Compensation [Member]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year One	10.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Two	15.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Three	10.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Four	7.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Five	5.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Six	4.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Seven	3.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Eight	2.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Nine	2.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Ten	1.00%
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Liability [Member]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year One	4.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Two	14.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Three	17.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Four	15.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Five	11.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Six	7.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Seven	5.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Eight	3.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Nine	2.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Ten	3.00%
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Other Casualty [Member]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year One	11.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Two	21.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Three	19.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Four	15.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Five	11.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Six	5.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Seven	3.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Eight	1.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Nine	2.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Ten	0.00%
North America Commercial P&C Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year One	45.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Two	37.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Three	8.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Four	3.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Five	1.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Six	1.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Seven	0.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Eight	1.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Nine	0.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Ten	0.00%
North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year One	56.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Two	24.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Three	6.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Four	5.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Five	3.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Six	1.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Seven	1.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Eight	0.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Nine	0.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Ten	1.00%
Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year One	7.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Two	14.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Three	14.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Four	12.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Five	10.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Six	8.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Seven	6.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Eight	4.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Nine	4.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Ten	5.00%
Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year One	44.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Two	34.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Three	10.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Four	3.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Five	2.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Six	1.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Seven	1.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Eight	0.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Nine	0.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Ten	1.00%
Global Reinsurance - Casualty [Member]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year One	21.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Two	24.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Three	12.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Four	9.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Five	6.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Six	5.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Seven	4.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Eight	2.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Nine	2.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Ten	1.00%
Global Reinsurance - Non-Casualty [Member]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year One	35.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Two	40.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Three	14.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Four	4.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Five	3.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Six	2.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Seven	1.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Eight	1.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Nine	0.00%
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Historical Claims Duration, Year Ten	0.00%

Unpaid losses and loss expenses Unpaid losses and loss expenses (Details) (Supplementary PPD Reconciliation) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

^[1]

$ (986)

$ (414)

$ (845)

60

19

53

Alternative Risk Solutions [Member]

(926)

(395)

(792)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Workers' Compensation [Member]

(96)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(48)

Long Tail [Member]

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(44)

(313)

(642)

Short Tail [Member]

Segments included in loss triangles [Domain]

(882)

(82)

(150)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(1,593)

^[2]

(296)

88

Segments included in loss triangles [Domain] | prior to 2012

(1,505)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Segments included in loss triangles [Domain] | 2012 - 2020

(309)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member]

(988)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(841)

^[2],[3]

(152)

^[4]

79

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | prior to 2012

(762)

(702)

(649)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | 2012 - 2020

(194)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(495)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(551)

^[2]

(142)

69

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member] | prior to 2012

(482)

(672)

(668)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member] | 2012 - 2020

(191)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(218)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(290)

^[2]

(10)

10

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member] | prior to 2012

(280)

(30)

19

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member] | 2012 - 2020

(3)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(277)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(305)

63

(95)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

0

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(304)

^[2]

(9)

(1)

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member] | prior to 2012

(305)

63

(95)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member] | 2012 - 2020

(2)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member]

(293)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(448)

^[2],[5]

(134)

7

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | International A&H [Member]

(441)

(150)

(92)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | prior to 2012

(118)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | 2012 - 2020

(82)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(232)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(106)

^[2]

(8)

0

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member] | prior to 2012

(106)

(49)

(68)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member] | 2012 - 2020

(76)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(22)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(342)

^[2]

(126)

7

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member] | prior to 2012

(335)

(101)

(24)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member] | 2012 - 2020

(6)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance [Member]

(210)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

0

^[2]

(1)

3

Global Reinsurance [Member] | prior to 2012

3

(29)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance [Member] | 2012 - 2020

(31)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

32

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(28)

^[2]

1

3

Global Reinsurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member] | prior to 2012

(25)

(59)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member] | 2012 - 2020

(27)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(2)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

28

^[2]

(2)

0

Global Reinsurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member] | prior to 2012

28

(4)

30

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member] | 2012 - 2020

(4)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Agricultural Insurance [Member]

34

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Agricultural Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

10

(10)

(80)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Agricultural Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

0

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

38

(28)

Corporate Segment [Member]

10

(10)

(80)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Corporate Segment [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

569

433

153

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

569

0

Corporate Segment [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

569

433

153

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

$ 0

[1]	Relates to prior period loss reserve development only and excludes prior period development related to reinstatement premiums, expense adjustments and earned premiums totaling $60 million, $19 million, and $53 million for 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.
[2]	Other includes the impact of foreign exchange.
[3]	Includes favorable development of $96 million related to our Alternative Risk Solutions business (U.S. and Bermuda) and an adjustment to exclude $48 million in unfavorable development in the workers' compensation line, associated with an increase in exposure for which additional premiums were collected; the remaining difference relates to a number of other items, none of which are individually material.
[4]	Includes premium returns associated with our Alternative Risk Solutions business, which is excluded from the triangles.
[5]	Includes favorable development of $118 million related to International A&H business; the remaining difference relates to a number of other items, none of which are individually material.

Unpaid losses and loss expenses Unpaid losses and loss expenses (PPD table) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ (926)

$ (395)

$ (792)

^[1]

1.70%

0.80%

1.60%

Long Tail [Member]

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

$ (44)

$ (313)

$ (642)

Short Tail [Member]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member]

(882)

(82)

(150)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ (762)

$ (702)

$ (649)

^[1]

1.40%

1.30%

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

$ (482)

$ (672)

$ (668)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(280)

(30)

19

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ (305)

$ 63

$ (95)

^[1]

0.60%

0.10%

0.20%

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

$ 0

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Agricultural Insurance [Member]

(305)

63

(95)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ 10

$ (10)

$ (80)

^[1]

0.00%

0.20%

North America Agricultural Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Agricultural Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

$ 0

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member]

10

(10)

(80)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ (441)

$ (150)

$ (92)

^[1]

0.80%

0.30%

0.20%

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

$ (106)

$ (49)

$ (68)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance [Member]

(335)

(101)

(24)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ 3

$ (29)

^[1]

0.00%

0.10%

Global Reinsurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

$ (25)

$ (59)

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Corporate Segment [Member]

28

(4)

30

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ 569

$ 433

$ 153

^[1]

1.10%

0.90%

0.30%

Corporate Segment [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Corporate Segment [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

$ 569

$ 433

$ 153

Causes of Increase (Decrease) in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Liability For Asbestos And Environmental Claims Net Roll Forward

$ 0

[1]	Calculated based on the beginning of period consolidated net unpaid losses and loss expenses.

Unpaid losses and loss expenses (A&E Loss Roll-forward) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Balance (gross) at beginning of year

$ 1,868

$ 1,988

$ 2,117

Balance (gross) at end of year

1,252

1,326

1,447

Incurred activity, gross

148

229

175

Incurred activity, net

^[1]

104

131

98

Paid activity, gross

(388)

(349)

(304)

Paid activity, net

(254)

(205)

(219)

1,628

1,868

1,988

Liability For Asbestos And Environmental Claims Net Roll Forward

1,102

1,252

1,326

Asbestos Issue [Member]

Balance (gross) at beginning of year

1,351

1,459

1,492

Balance (gross) at end of year

873

916

964

Incurred activity, gross

96

150

129

Incurred activity, net

64

90

70

Paid activity, gross

(221)

(258)

(162)

Paid activity, net

(137)

(133)

(118)

1,226

1,351

1,459

Environmental Issue [Member]

800

873

916

Liability For Asbestos And Environmental Claims Net Roll Forward

Balance (gross) at beginning of year

517

529

625

Balance (gross) at end of year

379

410

483

Incurred activity, gross

52

79

46

Incurred activity, net

40

41

28

Paid activity, gross

(167)

(91)

(142)

Paid activity, net

(117)

(72)

(101)

402

517

529

Liability For Asbestos And Environmental Claims Net Roll Forward

302

379

$ 410

Brandywine [Member]

736

Westchester Specialty [Member]

646

736

Liability For Asbestos And Environmental Claims Net Roll Forward

103

Liability For Asbestos And Environmental Claims Net Roll Forward

100

103

Other Segments [Member]

80

The Chubb Corporation [Member]

70

80

Liability For Asbestos And Environmental Claims Net Roll Forward

333

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

$ 286

$ 333

[1]	Excludes unallocated loss expenses and the net activity reflects third-party reinsurance other than the aggregate excess of loss reinsurance provided by National Indemnity Company (NICO) to Westchester Specialty (see Westchester Specialty section below)

Unpaid losses and loss expenses (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2018

Dec. 31, 2004

$ (926)

$ (395)

$ (792)

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ 60

$ 19

$ 53

^[1]

1.70%

0.80%

1.60%

Incurred activity

$ 21,980

$ 21,710

$ 18,730

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense

72,943

67,811

62,690

$ 62,960

Brandywine Run-off [Member]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Incurred activity

745

Reinsurance coverage to Century provided by ACE INA under XOL

800

Statutory capital and surplus

25

Dividend retention fund established by INA Financial Corporation

50

Required minimum balance under the dividend retention fund

50

Contributions to the dividend retention fund

50

250

Minimum contribution from the dividend retention fund to Century not required for XOL agreement

200

Dividend Retention Fund Contribution to XOL

18

302

Aggregate reinsurance balances ceded by active ACE companies to Century

1,800

1,600

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense

2,200

2,100

Surplus note

$ 100

Century X O L Reinsurance Coverage, Statutory-Basis Remaining Limit

$ 55

Westchester and Brandywine Run-off [Member]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

NICO pro-rata share of reinsurance protection (percent)

75.00%

NICO retention for losses and loss expenses incurred on or before 12/31/1996

$ 721

NICO reinsurance protection on losses and loss expenses incurred on or before 12/31/1996, net of retenion

1,000

NICO reinsurance protection on losses and loss expenses

359

Long Tail [Member]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(44)

(313)

(642)

Short Tail [Member]

Boy Scouts of America Agreement in Principle [Member]

(882)

(82)

(150)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense

800

Reinsurance Recoverable and Previously Carried Reserves

425

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(762)

$ (702)

$ (649)

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

^[2]

$ 79

^[1]

1.40%

1.30%

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

$ (482)

$ (672)

$ (668)

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

69

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(280)

(30)

19

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Multi-Line [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

10

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Workers' Compensation Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

46

26

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Auto Liability | Long Tail [Member]

(363)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | COVID-19 [Member] | Management Liability [Member]

77

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2014 and prior [Member] | Commercial Excess and Umbrella [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(303)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member] | Foreign Casualty Line [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(83)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2018 [Member] | Surety Product Line [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(40)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2017 and prior [Member] | Multi-Line [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(31)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2017 and prior [Member] | Environmental lines [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(43)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2016 and prior [Member] | Professional Errors and Omissions Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(40)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2016 and prior [Member] | Multi-Line [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(67)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2016 and prior [Member] | Workers' Compensation Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(41)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2016 and prior [Member] | Environmental lines [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(260)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident Year 2015 and prior [Member] | Management Liability [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(43)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident Year 2017 to 2019 [Member] | Auto Liability | Long Tail [Member]

(231)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2016 - 2019 [Member] | Commercial Excess and Umbrella [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

71

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2016 - 2019 [Member] | Medical Portfolios [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

32

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2018 - 2019 [Member] | Accident and Health [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

64

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2019 [Member] | Workers' Compensation Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(37)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2019 [Member] | Property and Inland Marine | Short Tail [Member]

(62)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2017 - 2019 | General Liability Coverages | Long Tail [Member]

21

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident Years 2019 - 2020 | Accident and Health [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

48

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 | Surety Product Line [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(45)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 | Management Liability [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(35)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 | Workers' Compensation Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(278)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 | COVID-19 [Member] | Management Liability [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(36)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2016, 2017, and 2020 [Member] | Professional Errors and Omissions Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(256)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2004 and prior [Member] | Other [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(59)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2017 and 2018 [Member] | Medical Portfolios [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

26

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident Years 2019 and 2020 | Property and Inland Marine | Short Tail [Member]

66

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2018 - 2020 [Member] | Surety Product Line [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(164)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2018 - 2020 [Member] | First Party Cyber risk | Short Tail [Member]

(89)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

42

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ (305)

$ 63

$ (95)

^[1]

0.60%

0.10%

0.20%

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

$ 0

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(305)

63

(95)

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Personal Excess [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(1)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Accident Year 2017 to 2019 [Member] | Homeowners and Valuables [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(22)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 | Homeowners and Valuables [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

84

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] | Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 | Auto Liability | Short Tail [Member]

(253)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Agricultural Insurance [Member]

(43)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ 10

$ (10)

$ (80)

^[1]

0.00%

0.20%

North America Agricultural Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

North America Agricultural Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

$ 0

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

10

(10)

(80)

Overseas General Insurance [Member]

(28)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(441)

$ (150)

$ (92)

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ 7

^[1]

0.80%

0.30%

0.20%

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

$ (106)

$ (49)

$ (68)

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

0

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

(335)

(101)

(24)

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Casualty Lines [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

7

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Financial [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(67)

(94)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | COVID-19 [Member]

(14)

80

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2017 and prior [Member] | Casualty Lines [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(127)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2016 and prior [Member] | Casualty Lines [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(95)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident Year 2015 and prior [Member] | Financial [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(143)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident Year 2017 to 2019 [Member] | Casualty Lines [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(61)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2016 - 2019 [Member] | Financial [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

49

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2018 - 2019 [Member] | Accident and Health [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

141

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2018 - 2019 [Member] | Political Risk | Long Tail [Member]

(21)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2012 through 2019 | Marine [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(22)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident Years 2019 - 2020 | Accident and Health [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(69)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident Years 2019 - 2020 | Property and Casualty [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(111)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident Years 2019 - 2020 | Consumer [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(67)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 | COVID-19 [Member] | Financial [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(71)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 | COVID-19 [Member] | Accident and Health [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

(104)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2018 - 2020 [Member] | Casualty Lines [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(20)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2018 - 2020 [Member] | Marine [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

28

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance [Member] | Accident years 2011 - 2020 [Member] | Financial [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

(62)

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance - Casualty [Member] | Europe [Member]

$ 90

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Overseas General Insurance - Non-Casualty [Member] | Europe and Asia [Member]

46.00%

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance Non-Casualty [Member] | accident year 2012 and after

33.00%

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance Non-Casualty [Member] | Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2012 [Member]

79.00%

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance Non-Casualty [Member] | Accident year 2013 to 2021

54.00%

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Global Reinsurance [Member]

83.00%

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

$ 3

$ (29)

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ 3

^[1]

0.00%

0.10%

Global Reinsurance [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

$ (25)

$ (59)

Global Reinsurance [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

3

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

28

(4)

30

Global Reinsurance [Member] | Short-Duration Insurance Contract, Accident Year 2020 | Property catastrophe [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

0

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Corporate Segment [Member]

34

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Prior Period Development Percentage Opening Net Unpaid Reserves

$ 569

$ 433

$ 153

^[1]

1.10%

0.90%

0.30%

Corporate Segment [Member] | Discontinued Operations [Member]

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Corporate Segment [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

$ 43

$ 38

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

569

433

$ 153

Corporate Segment [Member] | Short Tail [Member]

0

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Corporate Segment [Member] | Other [Member] | Other [Member]

0

$ 0

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Corporate Segment [Member] | Other [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

14

27

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

Corporate Segment [Member] | Asbestos & Environmental [Member] | Long Tail [Member]

417

254

Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]

$ 83

$ 106

[1]	Calculated based on the beginning of period consolidated net unpaid losses and loss expenses.
[2]	Includes premium returns associated with our Alternative Risk Solutions business, which is excluded from the triangles.

Taxation (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Taxation (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Valuation allowance	$ 92	$ 83
Unrecognized Tax Benefits	64	76	$ 47
Income Tax Credits and Adjustments	26	31
Unrecognized tax benefits that would affect the effective tax rate	38	45
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Income Tax Penalties and Interest Expense	1	8	$ 5
Liabilities recorded for tax-related interest and penalties	14	$ 16
Domestic Tax Authority [Member]
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Net operating loss carry-forwards	$ 461
Switzerland
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Applicable income tax rates	19.70%	21.20%	7.83%
Foreign Tax Authority [Member]
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Foreign tax credit carry-forward	$ 156
Bermuda
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Applicable income tax rates	0.00%
UNITED STATES
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Applicable income tax rates	21.00%
UNITED KINGDOM
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Applicable income tax rates	19.00%

Taxation (Provision For Income Taxes) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations, Net of Tax, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest	$ 9,816	$ 4,162	$ 5,249
Current tax expense	1,359	928	908
Deferred tax expense	(82)	(299)	(113)
Provision for income taxes	1,277	629	795
Domestic Tax Authority [Member]
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Domestic	349	350	440
Current tax expense	65	52	29
Deferred tax expense	(15)	2	11
Foreign Tax Authority [Member]
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Foreign	9,467	3,812	4,809
Current tax expense	1,294	876	879
Deferred tax expense	$ (67)	$ (301)	$ (124)

Amount after tax of income (loss) from continuing operations including portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 323
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=114001798&loc=d3e33918-111571

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8736-108599

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 13: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 810
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 19
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123454820&loc=SL4569616-111683

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Section 65
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123482062&loc=SL123482106-238011

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 31
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8924-108599

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8906-108599

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)(2)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22499-107794

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123596393&loc=d3e14064-108612

Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.

Taxation (Reconciliation Of The Difference Between The Provision for Income Taxes and the Expected Tax Provision at Swiss Statutory Income Tax Rate) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Expected tax provision at Swiss statutory rate	$ 1,934	$ 880	$ 411
Taxes on earnings subject to rates other that Swiss statutory rate	(740)	(337)	376
Tax exempt interest and dividends received deduction, net of proration	(38)	(41)	(49)
Net witholding taxes	78	67	40
Other	43	60	17
Provision for income taxes	$ 1,277	$ 629	$ 795

Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.

Taxation (Components Of Net Deferred Tax Assets) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Deferred Tax Assets, Gross [Abstract]
Loss reserve discount	$ 950	$ 884
Unearned premium reserve	544	496
Foreign tax credits	156	222
Provision for uncollectible balances	32	46
Loss carry-forwards	139	123
Debt related amounts	70	69
Compensation related amounts	178	281
Cumulative translation adjustments	28	120
Unrealized depreciation on investments	0	75
Deferred Tax Asset, Lease Liability	111	121
Deferred Tax Assets, Property, Plant and Equipment	190	0
Total deferred tax assets	2,398	2,437
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Gross [Abstract]
Deferred policy acquisition costs	679	522
VOBA and other intangible assets	1,268	1,425
Un-remitted foreign earnings	121	77
Investments	144	0
Unrealized appreciation on investments	360	957
Depreciation	0	123
Leasing Arrangements	100	111
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Other	23	31
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Gross	2,695	3,246
Valuation allowance	92	83
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Net	$ (389)	$ (892)

Taxation (Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, beginning of year	$ 76	$ 47
Additions based on tax provisions related to the current year	0	5
Additions based on tax positions related to prior years	7	24
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Decrease Resulting from Settlements with Taxing Authorities	(19)	0
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, end of year	$ 64	$ 76

Taxation Taxation (Summary Of Income Tax Examinations) (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021
Earliest Tax Year [Member] \| Switzerland
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2016
Earliest Tax Year [Member] \| AUSTRALIA
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2015
Earliest Tax Year [Member] \| CANADA
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2012
Earliest Tax Year [Member] \| FRANCE
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2019
Earliest Tax Year [Member] \| GERMANY
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2015
Earliest Tax Year [Member] \| ITALY
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2011
Earliest Tax Year [Member] \| MEXICO
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2014
Earliest Tax Year [Member] \| SPAIN
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2012
Earliest Tax Year [Member] \| UNITED KINGDOM
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2015
Earliest Tax Year [Member] \| UNITED STATES
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2014
Latest Tax Year [Member] \| Switzerland
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2021
Latest Tax Year [Member] \| AUSTRALIA
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2021
Latest Tax Year [Member] \| CANADA
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2021
Latest Tax Year [Member] \| FRANCE
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2021
Latest Tax Year [Member] \| GERMANY
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2021
Latest Tax Year [Member] \| ITALY
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2021
Latest Tax Year [Member] \| MEXICO
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2021
Latest Tax Year [Member] \| SPAIN
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2021
Latest Tax Year [Member] \| UNITED KINGDOM
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2021
Latest Tax Year [Member] \| UNITED STATES
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open Tax Year	2021

Debt (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2000
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due December 2051 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 600.0
Long-term debt stated interest rate	2.85%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due December 2061 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 1,000.0
Long-term debt stated interest rate	3.05%
Trust Preferred Securities \| Chubb INA Capital Securities Due 2030 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 309.0	$ 300.0
ACE Capital Trust II common securities purchased		$ 9.2
Long-term debt stated interest rate	9.70%	9.70%
Unsecured Debt \| INA Senior Notes Due August 2029 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 100.0
Long-term debt stated interest rate	8.875%

Debt (Schedule of Debt Outstanding) (Details) € in Millions, $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 EUR (€)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2000 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt	$ 15,169		$ 14,948
Short-term debt	999		0
Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt	15,169		14,948
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due November 2022 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 1,000
Long-term debt stated interest rate	2.875%	2.875%
Long-term debt	$ 0		998
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.20%	0.20%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due March 2023 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 475
Long-term debt stated interest rate	2.70%	2.70%
Long-term debt	$ 474		474
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.10%	0.10%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due May 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 700
Long-term debt stated interest rate	3.35%	3.35%
Long-term debt	$ 698		698
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.15%	0.15%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due December 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount \| €		€ 700
Long-term debt stated interest rate	0.30%	0.30%
Long-term debt	$ 787		841
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.15%	0.15%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due March 2025 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 800
Long-term debt stated interest rate	3.15%	3.15%
Long-term debt	$ 798		797
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.15%	0.15%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due May 2026 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 1,500
Long-term debt stated interest rate	3.35%	3.35%
Long-term debt	$ 1,494		1,493
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.20%	0.20%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due June 2027 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount \| €		€ 575
Long-term debt stated interest rate	0.875%	0.875%
Long-term debt	$ 645		691
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.20%	0.20%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due March 2028 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount \| €		€ 900
Long-term debt stated interest rate	1.55%	1.55%
Long-term debt	$ 1,009		1,079
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.15%	0.15%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due December 2029 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount \| €		€ 700
Long-term debt stated interest rate	0.875%	0.875%
Long-term debt	$ 785		840
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.20%	0.20%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due September 2030 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 1,000
Long-term debt stated interest rate	1.375%	1.375%
Long-term debt	$ 992		991
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.15%	0.15%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due June 2031 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount \| €		€ 575
Long-term debt stated interest rate	1.40%	1.40%
Long-term debt	$ 642		687
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.25%	0.25%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due May 2036 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 300
Long-term debt stated interest rate	6.70%	6.70%
Long-term debt	$ 298		298
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.20%	0.20%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due May 2037 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 800
Long-term debt stated interest rate	6.00%	6.00%
Long-term debt	$ 936		945
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.20%	0.20%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due March 2038 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount \| €		€ 900
Long-term debt stated interest rate	2.50%	2.50%
Long-term debt	$ 1,007		1,077
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.25%	0.25%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due May 2038 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 600
Long-term debt stated interest rate	6.50%	6.50%
Long-term debt	$ 735		743
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.30%	0.30%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due March 2043 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 475
Long-term debt stated interest rate	4.15%	4.15%
Long-term debt	$ 470		470
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.15%	0.15%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due November 2045 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 1,500
Long-term debt stated interest rate	4.35%	4.35%
Long-term debt	$ 1,485		1,484
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.25%	0.25%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due December 2051 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 600
Long-term debt stated interest rate	2.85%	2.85%
Long-term debt	$ 593		0
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.15%	0.15%
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due December 2061 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 1,000
Long-term debt stated interest rate	3.05%	3.05%
Long-term debt	$ 983		0
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.20%	0.20%
Trust Preferred Securities \| Chubb INA Capital Securities Due 2030 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 309			$ 300
Long-term debt stated interest rate	9.70%	9.70%		9.70%
Trust preferred securities	$ 308		308
Unsecured Debt \| INA Senior Notes Due August 2029 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 100
Long-term debt stated interest rate	8.875%	8.875%
Long-term debt	$ 100		100
Unsecured Debt \| INA Senior Notes Due November 2031 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 200
Long-term debt stated interest rate	6.80%	6.80%
Long-term debt	$ 238		$ 242
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.25%	0.25%
Repurchase agreements
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average interest rate on short-term debt	0.20%	0.20%	0.30%
Short-term debt	$ 1,406		$ 1,405
Senior Notes \| INA Senior Notes Due November 2022 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 1,000
Long-term debt stated interest rate	2.875%	2.875%
Make Whole Premium Additional Percent	0.20%	0.20%
Short-term debt	$ 999		$ 0

Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees (Narrative) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Amount Subject to a Master Netting Agreement	$ 123	$ 30
Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase	$ 1,406	$ 1,405
Concentration Risk Percentage Marsh	12.00%	12.00%	12.00%
Purchase Commitment, Remaining Minimum Amount Committed	$ 771
Carrying value of limited partnerships and partially-owned investment companies included in other investments	9,800	$ 6,500
Funding commitments relating to limited partnerships and partially-owned investment companies	7,200	3,200
Line of Credit Facility, Current Borrowing Capacity	3,700
Line of Credit Facility, Capacity Available for Specific Purpose Other than for Trade Purchases	1,900
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset	445	473
Operating Lease, Liability	$ 484	517
Operating Lease, Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	4 years 10 months 24 days
Operating Lease, Weighted Average Discount Rate, Percent	2.10%
Deposit Assets	$ 101	$ 107
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Other Liabilities	Other Liabilities
Repurchase agreements	$ 1,406	$ 1,405
Operating Lease, Cost	149	$ 152	$ 171
Lessee, Lease Not Yet Commenced, Noncurrent Amount	650
Commitment To Purchase Underlying Portfolio Investment
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Purchase Commitment, Remaining Minimum Amount Committed	500
Letter of Credit [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Amount Outstanding	$ 1,400

Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees (Balance Sheet Locations, Fair Values In Asset Or (Liability) Position, And Notional Values/Payment Provisions Of Derivative Instruments) (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Future policy benefits

$ 5,947

$ 5,713

Foreign currency forward contracts [Member]

19,138

4,567

Futures contracts on notes and bonds [Member]

6,182

2,807

Convertible Securities [Member]

12,944

1,749

Futures contracts on equities

12

11

905

709

Other Derivative Instruments [Member]

3

16

Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit

908

725

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Member]

^[1]

1,432

1,658

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Member] | Foreign currency forward contracts [Member]

(166)

(52)

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Member] | Futures contracts on notes and bonds [Member]

(139)

(49)

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Member] | Convertible Securities [Member]

(27)

(3)

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Member] | Futures contracts on equities

^[2]

0

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Member] | Other

^[3]

(16)

(17)

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities [Member] | Other Derivative Instruments [Member]

0

(16)

(17)

Other Assets [Member]

Other Assets [Member] | Foreign currency forward contracts [Member]

69

44

Other Assets [Member] | Futures contracts on notes and bonds [Member]

25

22

Other Assets [Member] | Futures contracts on equities

33

13

Other Assets [Member] | Other

^[3]

0

Other Assets [Member] | Other Derivative Instruments [Member]

0

Other Assets [Member] | Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit

0

Accounts Payable Future Policy Benefits [Member] | Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit

0

Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Convertible Securities [Member]

(745)

(1,089)

Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]

^[2]

11

9

Liabilities for Guarantees on Long-Duration Contracts, Guaranteed Benefit Liability, Gross

745

1,089

Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit | Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]

Liabilities for Guarantees on Long-Duration Contracts, Guaranteed Benefit Liability, Gross

$ 745

$ 1,089

[1]	Note that the payment provision related to GLB is the net amount at risk. The concept of a notional value does not apply to the GLB reinsurance contracts
[2]	Includes fair value of embedded derivatives.
[3]	Related to GMDB and GLB book of business.

Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees Commitments, Contingencies, And Guarantees (Transactions accounted for as secured borrowings) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Securities lending collateral	$ 1,831	$ 1,844
Collateral held under securities lending agreements	1,831	1,844
Maturity Overnight [Member] \| Cash
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Securities lending collateral	931	551
Maturity Overnight [Member] \| U.S. Treasury and agency
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Securities lending collateral	128	148
Maturity Overnight [Member] \| Foreign [Member]
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Securities lending collateral	752	1,032
Maturity Overnight [Member] \| Corporate securities
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Securities lending collateral	12	30
Maturity Overnight [Member] \| Mortgage-backed securities
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Securities lending collateral	1	4
Maturity Overnight [Member] \| Equity securities
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Securities lending collateral	$ 7	$ 79

Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees (Collateral pledged under repurchase agreements) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase

$ 1,420

$ 1,462

1,406

1,405

Cash

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

US Treasury and Government [Member]

29

4

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Mortgage-backed securities

103

106

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Repurchase Agreements [Member]

1,288

1,352

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Secured Borrowings, Gross, Difference, Amount

^[1]

14

57

Maturity 30 to 90 Days [Member]

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Maturity 30 to 90 Days [Member] | Cash

103

481

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Maturity 30 to 90 Days [Member] | US Treasury and Government [Member]

0

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Maturity 30 to 90 Days [Member] | Mortgage-backed securities

103

0

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Maturity Greater than 90 Days [Member]

0

481

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Maturity Greater than 90 Days [Member] | Cash

1,317

981

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Maturity Greater than 90 Days [Member] | US Treasury and Government [Member]

29

4

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Maturity Greater than 90 Days [Member] | Mortgage-backed securities

0

106

Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]

$ 1,288

$ 871

[1]	Per the repurchase agreements, the amount of collateral posted is required to exceed the amount of gross liability

Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees (Net Realized Gains (Losses) Of Derivative Instrument Activity In Consolidated Statement Of Operations) (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Foreign currency forward contracts [Member]

$ 34

$ (228)

$ (585)

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]

Interest Rate Swap [Member]

(62)

65

(79)

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]

All Other Futures Contracts And Options [Member]

0

(270)

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]

Convertible Securities [Member]

(10)

16

(88)

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]

Investment And Embedded Derivative Instruments [Member]

^[1]

0

^[2]

0

2

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]

(72)

81

(435)

GLB

Futures contracts on equities

316

(202)

(4)

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]

^[3]

(202)

(108)

(138)

Other Derivatives

Guaranteed Living Benefit And Other Derivative Instruments [Member]

(8)

1

(8)

Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]

Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]

$ 106

$ (309)

$ (150)

[1]	Includes embedded derivatives.
[2]	Per the repurchase agreements, the amount of collateral posted is required to exceed the amount of gross liability
[3]	Related to GMDB and GLB book of business.

Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees (Future Minimum Lease Payments) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
2022	$ 142
2023	117
2024	88
2025	58
2026	51
Thereafter	57
Total undiscounted lease payments	513
Present value adjustment	29
Operating Lease, Liability	$ 484	$ 517

Shareholders' equity (Detail) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022 shares	Dec. 31, 2021 SFr / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2020 SFr / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2019 shares	Jul. 19, 2021 USD ($)	May 31, 2021 $ / shares	Feb. 01, 2021 USD ($)	Nov. 19, 2020 USD ($)	May 31, 2020 $ / shares	Nov. 21, 2019 USD ($)	May 31, 2019 $ / shares	Dec. 01, 2018 USD ($)
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Common Stock, Dividend Rate Approved \| $ / shares						$ 0.80			$ 0.78		$ 0.75
The number of votes associated with one Common Share		one
Annual dividend per share approved by shareholders \| $ / shares						$ 3.20			$ 3.12		$ 3.00
Authorized Share Capital [Line Items]
Common Shares, par value \| SFr / shares		SFr 24.15	SFr 24.15
Treasury Stock, Shares, Retired \| shares		3,584,150	2,178,600	0
The maximum ownership percentage for voting allowed for any one shareholder		10.00%
General Purpose
Authorized Share Capital [Line Items]
Authorized share capital for future issuance \| shares		200,000,000
Issuance of Debt
Authorized Share Capital [Line Items]
Authorized share capital for future issuance \| shares		33,000,000
Employee Benefit Plans
Authorized Share Capital [Line Items]
Authorized share capital for future issuance \| shares		25,410,929
2019 Stock Repurchase Plan [Member]
Authorized Share Capital [Line Items]
Stock repurchase program authorized amount \| $												$ 1,500
Nov 2019 Stock Repurchase Plan [Member]
Authorized Share Capital [Line Items]
Stock repurchase program authorized amount \| $										$ 1,500
Nov 2020 Stock Repurchase Plan [Member]
Authorized Share Capital [Line Items]
Stock repurchase program authorized amount \| $							$ 2,500	$ 1,500
CB_Increase(Decrease)StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount \| $							$ 1,000
July 2021 Stock Repurchase Plan
Authorized Share Capital [Line Items]
Stock repurchase program authorized amount \| $					$ 5,000
Subsequent Event [Member]
Authorized Share Capital [Line Items]
Treasury Stock, Shares, Retired \| shares	14,465,400

Shareholders' equity Schedule of Dividends Declared (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 SFr / shares	Dec. 31, 2021 $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2020 SFr / shares	Dec. 31, 2020 $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2019 SFr / shares	Dec. 31, 2019 $ / shares
Switzerland, Francs
Dividends Declared [Line Items]
Total dividend distributions per common share \| SFr / shares	SFr 2.88		SFr 2.89		SFr 2.94
United States of America, Dollars
Dividends Declared [Line Items]
Total dividend distributions per common share \| $ / shares		$ 3.18		$ 3.09		$ 2.98

Shareholders' equity (Rollforward Of Changes In Common Stock Shares Issued And Outstanding) (Details) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares issued, Beginning of year	477,605,264	479,783,864	479,783,864
Treasury Stock, Shares, Retired	(3,584,150)	(2,178,600)	0
Shares issued, End of year	474,021,114	477,605,264	479,783,864
Common Shares in treasury, end of year	(47,448,502)	(26,872,639)	(27,812,297)	(20,580,486)
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues	3,484,487	2,345,208	3,210,427
Treasury Stock, Shares, Acquired	(27,644,500)	(3,584,150)	(10,442,238)
Shares issued and outstanding, end of year	426,572,612	450,732,625	451,971,567

Shareholders' equity Repurchase of Common Shares (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	2 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Feb. 23, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares repurchased		27,644,500	3,584,150	10,442,238
2019 Stock Repurchase Plan [Member]
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares repurchased				10,442,238
Common Shares repurchased				$ 1,531
Nov 2019 Stock Repurchase Plan [Member]
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares repurchased			3,584,150
Common Shares repurchased			$ 516
Nov 2020 Stock Repurchase Plan [Member]
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares repurchased		27,644,500
Common Shares repurchased		$ 4,861
Subsequent Event [Member] \| July 2021 Stock Repurchase Plan
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares repurchased	1,966,600
Common Shares repurchased	$ 405

Share-based compensation (Narrative) (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Share-based compensation (Narrative) (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation expense related to the unvested share-based awards	$ 263,000,000
Weighted-average expected recognition period for the unrecognized compensation expense	1 year 6 months
Weighted average remaining contractual term for stock options outstanding	5 years 10 months 24 days
Weighted-average remaining contractual term for stock options exercisable	4 years 8 months 12 days
Cash received from exercise of stock options	$ 253,000,000
Restricted stock awards granted to non-management directors	15,586	27,679	19,019
Amounts paid during period by employees for the purchase of shares under the ESPP	$ 47,000,000	$ 45,000,000	$ 41,000,000
Number of shares purchased during period by employees pursuant to the provisions of the ESPP	315,405	383,751	321,800
Discounted purchase price from market price for the ESPP	85.00%
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Maximum Employee Subscription Rate for the ESPP	10.00%
Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Employee Stock Purchase Plan Authorized Amount	$ 25,000
Performance Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period of award	3 years
Stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period of award	3 years
Stock option term in years	10 years
Restricted stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period of award	4 years
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of deferred restricted stock units	139,587
ACE Limited 2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan [Member] \| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period of award	1 year
Chubb Limited 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan, amended and restated [Member] \| Restricted stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period of award	4 years
Legacy Chubb Corp \| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) \| Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period of award	1 year
Legacy Chubb Corp \| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period of award	3 years
Common shares \| Employee Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common shares authorized for issuance under plan	6,500,000
Common Stock, Capital Shares Reserved for Future Issuance	1,086,822
Common shares \| Chubb Limited 2016 Long-Term Incentive Plan, amended and restated [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common shares authorized for issuance under plan	32,900,000
Common Stock, Capital Shares Reserved for Future Issuance	18,040,720

Share-based compensation (Pre-tax and After-tax Share-based Compensation Expense) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense, Tax Benefit

$ 19

$ 10

$ 12

Restricted stock

Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]

Share-based compensation expense, pre-tax

210

224

Share-based compensation expense, after-tax

164

180

Stock options

Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]

Share-based compensation expense, pre-tax

55

45

42

Share-based compensation expense, after-tax

^[1]

$ 36

$ 38

$ 39

[1]	The windfall tax benefit recorded to Income tax expense in the Consolidated statement of operations was $19 million, $10 million, and $12 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

Share-based compensation (Weighted Average Assumptions for Option Grants) (Details) - Options	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Dividend yield	1.90%	2.10%	2.20%
Expected volatility	26.00%	18.00%	16.00%
Risk-free interest rate	1.00%	1.20%	2.60%
Expected life	5 years 9 months 18 days	5 years 8 months 12 days	5 years 8 months 12 days

Share-based compensation (Rollforward Of Company's Stock Options) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Options, Weighted-Average Fair Value and Total Intrinsic Value [Abstract]
Weighted-average fair value of stock options granted (US$ per share)	$ 33.05	$ 19.89	$ 18.76
Total intrinsic value of options exercised	$ 140	$ 76	$ 122
Total intrinsic value of options outstanding	639
Total intrinsic value of options exercisable	$ 504
Number of Options [Roll Forward]
Number of option outstanding, beginning of period	11,478,183	10,885,257	11,007,722
Number of options granted	1,805,234	1,958,279	2,073,940
Number of options exercised	(2,284,795)	(1,158,633)	(1,944,604)
Number of options forfeited and expired	(236,135)	(206,720)	(251,801)
Number of option outstanding, end of period	10,762,487	11,478,183	10,885,257
Number of options exercisable	7,278,516
Weighted-Average Exercise Price [Roll Forward]
Weighted-average exercise price of options outstanding, beginning of period (US$ oer share)	$ 125.09	$ 116.79	$ 108.25
Weighted-average exercise price of options granted (US$ per share)	164.89	150.10	133.90
Weighted-average exercise price of options exercised (US$ per share)	112.12	86.90	84.13
Weighted average exercise price of options forfeited (US$ per share)	150.16	138.77	136.87
Weighted-average exercise price of options outstanding, end of period (US$ oer share	133.94	$ 125.09	$ 116.79
Weighted average exercise price of options exercisable (US$ per share)	$ 124.03

Share-based compensation (Rollforward Of Company's Restricted Stock) (Details) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Restricted stock
Number of Restricted Stock [Roll Forward]
Number of unvested restricted stock, beginning of period	3,263,295	3,294,010	3,294,849
Number of restricted stock, granted	1,288,042	1,425,667	1,492,900
Number of restricted stock, vested and issued	(1,283,185)	(1,304,308)	(1,292,864)
Number of restricted stock, forfeited	(216,341)	(152,074)	(200,875)
Number of unvested restricted stock, end of period	3,051,811	3,263,295	3,294,010
Weighted-Average Grant-Day Fair Value [Roll Forward]
Weighted average grant-day fair value of unvested restricted stock outstanding, beginning of period (US$ per share)	$ 142.32	$ 136.20	$ 134.17
Weighted average grant-day fair value of restricted stock, granted (US$ per share)	165.32	148.56	134.38
Weighted average grant-day fair value of restricted stock, vested and issued (US$ per share)	140.62	134.02	129.18
Weighted average grant-day fair value of restricted stock, forfeited (US$ per share)	150.19	140.72	135.98
Weighted average grant-day fair value of unvested restricted stock outstanding, end of period (US$ per share)	$ 152.19	$ 142.32	$ 136.20
Performance Shares
Number of Restricted Stock [Roll Forward]
Number of unvested restricted stock, beginning of period	572,318	876,212	911,230
Number of restricted stock, granted	294,315	186,291	212,059
Number of restricted stock, vested and issued	(169,442)	(490,185)	(196,640)
Number of restricted stock, forfeited	0	0	(50,437)
Number of unvested restricted stock, end of period	697,191	572,318	876,212
Weighted-Average Grant-Day Fair Value [Roll Forward]
Weighted average grant-day fair value of unvested restricted stock outstanding, beginning of period (US$ per share)	$ 142.38	$ 131.16	$ 127.27
Weighted average grant-day fair value of restricted stock, granted (US$ per share)	164.75	151.14	133.90
Weighted average grant-day fair value of restricted stock, vested and issued (US$ per share)	143.07	125.66	115.62
Weighted average grant-day fair value of restricted stock, forfeited (US$ per share)	0	0	132.36
Weighted average grant-day fair value of unvested restricted stock outstanding, end of period (US$ per share)	$ 151.74	$ 142.38	$ 131.16

Postretirement benefits (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expenses recognized during period under the defined contributions plans		$ 214	$ 211	$ 171
Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Accumulated Benefit Obligation		4,800	5,100
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Employer Contributions, Next Fiscal Year		17
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount		119	120	152
Actuarial Loss (gain)		(10)	1
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Accumulated Benefit Obligation		20	23
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Employer Contributions, Next Fiscal Year		1
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Amendment [Abstract]
(Increase) decrease in other comprehensive income, curtailment		0	0	0
Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit)		$ 26	83	84
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member] \| Minimum
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Percentage		55.00%
Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member] \| Maximum
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Investment within Plan Asset Category, Percentage		65.00%
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount		$ 4,151	3,739	3,301
Actuarial Loss (gain)		(161)	441
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Accumulated Benefit Obligation		73	3,967
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Amendment [Abstract]
(Increase) decrease in other comprehensive income, curtailment		0	0	0
Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit)		0	0	0
UNITED STATES \| Postretirement Health Coverage [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Amendment [Abstract]
Effect of Plan Amendment on Accumulated Benefit Obligation	$ 383
Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit)		26	79	79
UNITED STATES \| Postretirement Health Coverage [Member] \| Subject to Amortization [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Amendment [Abstract]
Effect of Plan Amendment on Accumulated Benefit Obligation	$ 410
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount		1,318	1,284	1,141
Actuarial Loss (gain)		(47)	135
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Accumulated Benefit Obligation		380	593
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Amendment [Abstract]
(Increase) decrease in other comprehensive income, curtailment		0	(1)	(3)
Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit)		$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Postretirement benefits Schedule of Net Funded Status (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Benefit Obligation [Roll Forward]
Service Cost	$ 4	$ 4	$ 60
Pension Plan [Member] \| Non - U.S.
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Benefit Obligation [Roll Forward]
Benefit Obligation, beginning of year	1,199	1,042
Service Cost	4	4	11
Interest Cost	19	22	27
Actuarial Loss (gain)	(47)	135
Defined Benefit Plan, Benefit Obligation, Benefits Paid	(33)	(31)
Curtailments	0	(2)
Settlements, Benefit obligations	0	0
Foreign currency revaluation, benefit obligations	(20)	29
Benefit Obligation, end of year	1,122	1,199	1,042
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets [Roll Forward]
Plan assets at fair value, beginning of year	1,284	1,141
Actual Return on Plan Assets	83	126
Employer Contributions	8	19
Benefits Paid	(33)	(31)
Settlements	0	0
Foreign currency revaluation, Plan Assets	(24)	29
Plan assets at fair value, end of year	1,318	1,284	1,141
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan	196	85
Assets for Plan Benefits, Defined Benefit Plan	214	85
Liability, Defined Benefit Plan	(18)	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Amounts for Asset (Liability) Recognized in Statement of Financial Position	196	85
Pension Plan [Member] \| UNITED STATES
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Benefit Obligation [Roll Forward]
Benefit Obligation, beginning of year	3,967	3,569
Service Cost	0	0	49
Interest Cost	70	99	118
Actuarial Loss (gain)	(161)	441
Defined Benefit Plan, Benefit Obligation, Benefits Paid	(133)	(127)
Curtailments	0	0
Settlements, Benefit obligations	(11)	(15)
Foreign currency revaluation, benefit obligations	0	0
Benefit Obligation, end of year	3,732	3,967	3,569
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets [Roll Forward]
Plan assets at fair value, beginning of year	3,739	3,301
Actual Return on Plan Assets	543	563
Employer Contributions	13	17
Benefits Paid	(133)	(127)
Settlements	(11)	(15)
Foreign currency revaluation, Plan Assets	0	0
Plan assets at fair value, end of year	4,151	3,739	3,301
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan	419	(228)
Assets for Plan Benefits, Defined Benefit Plan	492	0
Liability, Defined Benefit Plan	(73)	(228)
Defined Benefit Plan, Amounts for Asset (Liability) Recognized in Statement of Financial Position	419	(228)
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Benefit Obligation [Roll Forward]
Benefit Obligation, beginning of year	86	103
Service Cost	1	1	0
Interest Cost	1	2	4
Actuarial Loss (gain)	(10)	1
Defined Benefit Plan, Benefit Obligation, Benefits Paid	(15)	(20)
Curtailments	0	0
Settlements, Benefit obligations	0	0
Foreign currency revaluation, benefit obligations	(1)	(1)
Benefit Obligation, end of year	62	86	103
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets [Roll Forward]
Plan assets at fair value, beginning of year	120	152
Actual Return on Plan Assets	(1)	6
Employer Contributions	15	1
Benefits Paid	(15)	(39)
Settlements	0	0
Foreign currency revaluation, Plan Assets	0	0
Plan assets at fair value, end of year	119	120	$ 152
Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan	57	34
Assets for Plan Benefits, Defined Benefit Plan	77	34
Liability, Defined Benefit Plan	(20)	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Amounts for Asset (Liability) Recognized in Statement of Financial Position	$ 57	$ 34

Postretirement benefits Schedule of amounts recognized in AOCI on a pretax basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Pension Plan [Member] \| Non - U.S.
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]
Net actuarial loss (gain)	$ 73	$ 163
Prior Service Cost (benefit)	9	9
Total	82	172
Pension Plan [Member] \| UNITED STATES
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]
Net actuarial loss (gain)	(375)	78
Prior Service Cost (benefit)	0	0
Total	(375)	78
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]
Net actuarial loss (gain)	(10)	(5)
Prior Service Cost (benefit)	(5)	(31)
Total	$ (15)	$ (36)

Postretirement benefits Schedule of Benefit Obligation in Excess of FV (Details) - Pension Plan [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
UNITED STATES
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Projected Benefit Obligation	$ 73	$ 3,967
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	0	3,739
Net Funded Status With PBO in Excess Of Plan Assets	(73)	(228)
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Accumulated Benefit Obligation	73	3,967
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	0	3,739
Non - U.S.
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Projected Benefit Obligation	418	629
Defined Benefit Plan, Pension Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	400	568
Net Funded Status With PBO in Excess Of Plan Assets	(18)	(61)
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Accumulated Benefit Obligation	380	593
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets, Plan Assets	$ 367	$ 565

Postretirement benefits Schedule of assumptions used to determine benefit obligation (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Weighted Average Assumptions Used in Calculating Benefit Obligation [Abstract]
Benefit Obligation, Discount Rate	2.06%	1.36%
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Weighted Average Assumptions Used in Calculating Benefit Obligation [Abstract]
Benefit Obligation, Discount Rate	2.23%	1.80%
Benefit Obligation, Rate of Compensation Increase	3.63%	3.24%
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Weighted Average Assumptions Used in Calculating Benefit Obligation [Abstract]
Benefit Obligation, Discount Rate	2.75%	2.32%
Interest crediting rate	4.10%	4.10%

Postretirement benefits Schedule of net periodic benefit costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Defined Benefit Plan, Amount Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) and Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax [Abstract]
Total (increase) decrease in other comprehensive (Income) Loss	$ (522)	$ 232	$ 76
Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Amount Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) and Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax [Abstract]
Service Cost	4	4	60
Defined Benefit Plan, Non Service (Benefit) Cost	(203)	(140)	(84)
Net Periodic Benefit Cost	(199)	(136)	(24)
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Amount Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) and Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax [Abstract]
Service Cost	1	1	0
Interest Cost	1	2	4
Expected Return on Plan Assets	(1)	(5)	(4)
Amortization of (Gains) Losses	0	0	0
Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit)	(26)	(83)	(84)
Recognized Net (Gain) Loss Due to Curtailments	0	0	0
Recognized Net (Gain) Loss Due to Settlements	0	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Non Service (Benefit) Cost	(26)	(86)	(84)
Net Periodic Benefit Cost	(25)	(85)	(84)
(Increase) decrease in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net Actuarial (Gain) Loss)	(5)	(2)	(2)
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, Prior Service Cost (Credit), before Tax	0	0	0
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Defined Benefit Plan, Gain (Loss), Reclassification Adjustment from AOCI, before Tax	0	0	0
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, Prior Service Cost (Credit), Reclassification Adjustment from AOCI, before Tax	26	83	84
(Increase) decrease in other comprehensive income, curtailment	0	0	0
(Increase) decrease in other comprehensive income, settlement	0	0	0
Total (increase) decrease in other comprehensive (Income) Loss	21	81	82
Losses and loss expenses [Member] \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Amount Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) and Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax [Abstract]
Service Cost	0	0	6
Defined Benefit Plan, Non Service (Benefit) Cost	(18)	(12)	(7)
Losses and loss expenses [Member] \| Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Amount Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) and Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax [Abstract]
Service Cost	0	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Non Service (Benefit) Cost	(3)	(9)	(8)
General and Administrative Expense [Member] \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Amount Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) and Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax [Abstract]
Service Cost	4	4	54
Defined Benefit Plan, Non Service (Benefit) Cost	(185)	(128)	(77)
General and Administrative Expense [Member] \| Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Amount Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) and Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax [Abstract]
Service Cost	1	1	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Non Service (Benefit) Cost	(23)	(77)	(76)
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Amount Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) and Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax [Abstract]
Service Cost	4	4	11
Interest Cost	19	22	27
Expected Return on Plan Assets	(44)	(41)	(45)
Amortization of (Gains) Losses	4	2	3
Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit)	0	0	0
Recognized Net (Gain) Loss Due to Curtailments	0	(1)	(1)
Recognized Net (Gain) Loss Due to Settlements	0	0	1
Defined Benefit Plan, Non Service (Benefit) Cost	(21)	(18)	(15)
Net Periodic Benefit Cost	(17)	(14)	(4)
(Increase) decrease in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net Actuarial (Gain) Loss)	(86)	56	6
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, Prior Service Cost (Credit), before Tax	0	0	1
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Defined Benefit Plan, Gain (Loss), Reclassification Adjustment from AOCI, before Tax	(4)	(2)	(3)
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, Prior Service Cost (Credit), Reclassification Adjustment from AOCI, before Tax	0	(1)	0
(Increase) decrease in other comprehensive income, curtailment	0	(1)	(3)
(Increase) decrease in other comprehensive income, settlement	0	0	(1)
Total (increase) decrease in other comprehensive (Income) Loss	(90)	52	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Amount Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) and Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, before Tax [Abstract]
Service Cost	0	0	49
Interest Cost	70	99	118
Expected Return on Plan Assets	(255)	(224)	(189)
Amortization of (Gains) Losses	0	0	0
Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit)	0	0	0
Recognized Net (Gain) Loss Due to Curtailments	0	0	0
Recognized Net (Gain) Loss Due to Settlements	3	3	2
Defined Benefit Plan, Non Service (Benefit) Cost	(182)	(122)	(69)
Net Periodic Benefit Cost	(182)	(122)	(20)
(Increase) decrease in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net Actuarial (Gain) Loss)	(450)	102	(4)
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, Prior Service Cost (Credit), before Tax	0	0	0
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Defined Benefit Plan, Gain (Loss), Reclassification Adjustment from AOCI, before Tax	0	0	0
Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss, Defined Benefit Plan, Prior Service Cost (Credit), Reclassification Adjustment from AOCI, before Tax	0	0	0
(Increase) decrease in other comprehensive income, curtailment	0	0	0
(Increase) decrease in other comprehensive income, settlement	(3)	(3)	(2)
Total (increase) decrease in other comprehensive (Income) Loss	$ (453)	$ 99	$ (6)

Postretirement benefits Weighted Average Assumption used to determine the net periodic cost of benefit (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Pension Plan [Member] \| UNITED STATES
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Rate of Compensation Increase			4.00%
Expected Long-term Return on Assets	7.00%	7.00%	7.00%
Interest crediting rate, net periodic benefit costs	4.10%	4.10%	4.10%
Pension Plan [Member] \| UNITED STATES \| Interest Cost [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Discount Rate	1.81%	2.85%	3.94%
Pension Plan [Member] \| UNITED STATES \| Service Cost [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Discount Rate			4.23%
Pension Plan [Member] \| Non - U.S.
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Rate of Compensation Increase	3.24%	3.26%	3.37%
Expected Long-term Return on Assets	3.37%	3.83%	4.40%
Pension Plan [Member] \| Non - U.S. \| Interest Cost [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Discount Rate	1.57%	2.24%	2.88%
Pension Plan [Member] \| Non - U.S. \| Service Cost [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Discount Rate	5.58%	6.04%	4.48%
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected Long-term Return on Assets	1.00%	3.00%	3.00%
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] \| Interest Cost [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Discount Rate	1.23%	2.64%	3.69%
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member] \| Service Cost [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions Used Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost, Discount Rate	2.53%	3.00%	4.04%

Postretirement benefits Schedule of Health Care Cost Trend Rates (Details) - Pension Plan [Member]	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
UNITED STATES
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates [Abstract]
Health Care Cost Trend Rate	5.59%	5.96%	6.32%
Ultimate Health Care Cost Trend Rate	4.50%	4.50%	4.50%
Year that Rate Reaches Ultimate Trend Rate	2038	2038	2038
Non - U.S.
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates [Abstract]
Health Care Cost Trend Rate	5.26%	5.04%	5.24%
Ultimate Health Care Cost Trend Rate	4.00%	4.00%	4.00%
Year that Rate Reaches Ultimate Trend Rate	2040	2040	2040

Postretirement benefits Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Other Investments	$ 11,169	$ 7,945
Cash	1,659	1,747	$ 1,537
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	119	120	152
Fair Value, Recurring [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Other Investments	767	882
Fair Value, Recurring [Member] \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Other Investments	286	434
Fair Value, Recurring [Member] \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Other Investments	481	438
Fair Value, Recurring [Member] \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Other Investments	0	10
Other Investments [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Other Investments	51	60
Investment Funds Limited Partnerships Partially Owned Investment Companies Fair Value [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Other Investments	10,108	6,770
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	3,307	3,108
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	4,151	3,739	3,301
Cash	127	14
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	2,287	2,127
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	1,019	981
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	1	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Short-term investments
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	33	59
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Short-term investments \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	33	59
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Short-term investments \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Short-term investments \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| US Treasury and Government [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	472	436
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| US Treasury and Government [Member] \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	380	250
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| US Treasury and Government [Member] \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	92	186
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| US Treasury and Government [Member] \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Debt Security, Government, Non-US [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	923	793
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Debt Security, Government, Non-US [Member] \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Debt Security, Government, Non-US [Member] \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	923	793
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Debt Security, Government, Non-US [Member] \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| States, municipalities, and political subdivisions
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	4	2
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| States, municipalities, and political subdivisions \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| States, municipalities, and political subdivisions \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	4	2
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| States, municipalities, and political subdivisions \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	1,872	1,818
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member] \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	1,871	1,818
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member] \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member] \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	1	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Derivative
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	3
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Derivative \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	3
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Derivative \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Derivative \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0
UNITED STATES \| Other Investments [Member] \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Other Investments	542	543
UNITED STATES \| Investment Funds Limited Partnerships Partially Owned Investment Companies Fair Value [Member] \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Other Investments	175	74
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	1,128	1,129
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,318	1,284	$ 1,141
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	158	132
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	970	997
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Short-term investments
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	5	5
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Short-term investments \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	5	5
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Short-term investments \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Short-term investments \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Debt Security, Government, Non-US [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	679	609
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Debt Security, Government, Non-US [Member] \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Debt Security, Government, Non-US [Member] \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	679	609
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Debt Security, Government, Non-US [Member] \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	444	515
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member] \| Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	153	127
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member] \| Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	291	388
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member] \| Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities [Member] \| Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan, fair value of plan assets excluding measured using NAV	0	0
Non - U.S. \| Other Investments [Member] \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Other Investments	175	147
Non - U.S. \| Investment Funds Limited Partnerships Partially Owned Investment Companies Fair Value [Member] \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Other Investments	$ 15	$ 8

Postretirement benefits (Schedule of Expected Future Benefit Payments) (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Other Postretirement Benefits Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
2022	$ 19
2023	15
2024	11
2025	6
2026	1
2027-2031	5
Non - U.S. \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
2022	30
2023	30
2024	30
2025	32
2026	33
2027-2031	193
UNITED STATES \| Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
2022	168
2023	173
2024	177
2025	182
2026	185
2027-2031	$ 964

Other income and expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Equity in net income of partially-owned entities

^[1]

$ 2,433

$ 1,019

$ 617

Gains (losses) from fair value changes in separate account assets

^[2]

(8)

58

44

Federal excise and capital taxes

(19)

(22)

(23)

Equity in net income of partially-owned entities

(41)

(61)

(42)

Total

2,365

994

596

Huatai Group [Member]

$ 233

$ 167

$ 74

[1]	Equity in net income of partially-owned entities includes $233 million, $167 million, and $74 million attributable to our investments in Huatai (Huatai Group, Huatai P&C, and Huatai Life) for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.
[2]	Related to gains (losses) from fair value changes in separate account assets that do not qualify for separate account reporting under GAAP.

Segment Information (Operations By Segment) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums written	$ 37,868	$ 33,820	$ 32,275
Net premiums earned	36,355	33,117	31,290
Losses and loss expenses	21,980	21,710	18,730
Policy benefits	699	784	740
Policy acquisition costs	6,918	6,547	6,153
Administrative expenses	3,136	2,979	3,030
Underwriting income (loss)	3,622	1,097	2,637
Net investment income (loss)	3,456	3,375	3,426
Other (income) expense	(2,365)	(994)	(596)
Amortization of purchased intangibles	287	290	305
Segment income	9,156	5,176	6,354
Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)	1,152	(498)	(530)
Interest expense	492	516	552
Income tax expense	1,277	629	795
Chubb integration expenses	0	0	23
Net income	8,539	3,533	4,454
Segment Reconciling Items [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums written	0	0	0
Net premiums earned	0	0	0
Losses and loss expenses	(8)	1	(8)
Policy benefits	(8)	58	44
Policy acquisition costs	0	0	0
Administrative expenses	0	0	0
Underwriting income (loss)	16	(59)	(36)
Net investment income (loss)	(179)	(115)	(86)
Other (income) expense	(171)	(173)	(130)
Amortization of purchased intangibles	0	0	0
Segment income	8	(1)	8
Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)	(8)	1	(8)
Interest expense	0	0	0
Income tax expense	0	0	0
Chubb integration expenses			0
Net income	0	0	0
North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums written	16,415	14,474	13,375
Net premiums earned	15,461	13,964	12,922
Losses and loss expenses	10,015	10,129	8,206
Policy benefits	0	0	0
Policy acquisition costs	2,082	1,942	1,831
Administrative expenses	1,052	1,006	1,028
Underwriting income (loss)	2,312	887	1,857
Net investment income (loss)	2,078	2,061	2,109
Other (income) expense	31	23	24
Amortization of purchased intangibles	0	0	0
Segment income	4,359	2,925	3,942
North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums written	5,002	4,920	4,787
Net premiums earned	4,915	4,866	4,694
Losses and loss expenses	2,924	3,187	3,043
Policy benefits	0	0	0
Policy acquisition costs	1,001	974	948
Administrative expenses	276	270	286
Underwriting income (loss)	714	435	417
Net investment income (loss)	249	260	258
Other (income) expense	(2)	5	3
Amortization of purchased intangibles	10	11	12
Segment income	955	679	660
North America Agricultural Insurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums written	2,388	1,846	1,810
Net premiums earned	2,338	1,822	1,795
Losses and loss expenses	1,962	1,544	1,616
Policy benefits	0	0	0
Policy acquisition costs	124	123	84
Administrative expenses	(3)	9	6
Underwriting income (loss)	255	146	89
Net investment income (loss)	28	30	30
Other (income) expense	1	1	1
Amortization of purchased intangibles	26	27	28
Segment income	256	148	90
Overseas General Insurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums written	10,713	9,335	9,262
Net premiums earned	10,441	9,285	8,882
Losses and loss expenses	5,143	5,255	4,606
Policy benefits	0	0	0
Policy acquisition costs	2,799	2,568	2,501
Administrative expenses	1,078	1,034	1,033
Underwriting income (loss)	1,421	428	742
Net investment income (loss)	597	534	588
Other (income) expense	0	13	12
Amortization of purchased intangibles	48	45	45
Segment income	1,970	904	1,273
Global Reinsurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums written	873	731	649
Net premiums earned	798	698	654
Losses and loss expenses	632	435	352
Policy benefits	0	0	0
Policy acquisition costs	200	174	169
Administrative expenses	35	37	35
Underwriting income (loss)	(69)	52	98
Net investment income (loss)	331	307	279
Other (income) expense	0	2	1
Amortization of purchased intangibles	0	0	0
Segment income	262	357	376
Life Insurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums written	2,477	2,514	2,392
Net premiums earned	2,402	2,482	2,343
Losses and loss expenses	740	724	757
Policy benefits	707	726	696
Policy acquisition costs	712	766	620
Administrative expenses	333	320	323
Underwriting income (loss)	(90)	(54)	(53)
Net investment income (loss)	407	385	373
Other (income) expense	(106)	(74)	(48)
Amortization of purchased intangibles	5	4	2
Segment income	418	401	366
Corporate and Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums written	0	0	0
Net premiums earned	0	0	0
Losses and loss expenses	572	435	158
Policy benefits	0	0	0
Policy acquisition costs	0	0	0
Administrative expenses	365	303	319
Underwriting income (loss)	(937)	(738)	(477)
Net investment income (loss)	(55)	(87)	(125)
Other (income) expense	(2,118)	(791)	(459)
Amortization of purchased intangibles	198	203	218
Segment income	928	(237)	(361)
Net realized gains (losses) (includes $3, $(281), and $(31) reclassified from AOCI)	1,160	(499)	(522)
Interest expense	492	516	552
Income tax expense	1,277	629	795
Chubb integration expenses			23
Net income	$ 319	$ (1,881)	$ (2,253)

Segment Information (Net Premiums Earned For Segment By Product) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	$ 36,355	$ 33,117	$ 31,290
North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	15,461	13,964	12,922
North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] \| Property and other short-tail [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	2,942	2,423	1,987
North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] \| Casualty and all other [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	11,905	10,812	10,136
North America Commercial P&C Insurance [Member] \| Accident and Health [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	614	729	799
North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	4,915	4,866	4,694
North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] \| Personal automobile [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	781	822	829
North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] \| Personal homeowners [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	3,384	3,327	3,183
North America Personal P&C Insurance [Member] \| Personal other [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	750	717	682
North America Agricultural Insurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	2,338	1,822	1,795
Overseas General Insurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	10,441	9,285	8,882
Overseas General Insurance [Member] \| Property and other short-tail [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	3,105	2,468	2,244
Overseas General Insurance [Member] \| Casualty and all other [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	3,114	2,738	2,494
Overseas General Insurance [Member] \| Accident and Health [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	2,113	2,098	2,248
Overseas General Insurance [Member] \| Personal lines [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	2,109	1,981	1,896
Global Reinsurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	798	698	654
Global Reinsurance [Member] \| Property and other short-tail [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	151	104	131
Global Reinsurance [Member] \| Casualty and all other [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	457	421	381
Global Reinsurance [Member] \| Property catastrophe [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	190	173	142
Life Insurance [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	2,402	2,482	2,343
Life Insurance [Member] \| Accident and Health [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	1,082	1,165	1,242
Life Insurance [Member] \| Life [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net premiums earned	$ 1,320	$ 1,317	$ 1,101

Segment Information (Net Premiums Earned By Geographic Region) (Details)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

North America [Member]

Percentage of net premiums earned by geographic region

70.00%

Europe [Member]

Percentage of net premiums earned by geographic region

^[1]

12.00%

11.00%

Asia Pacific and Far East [Member]

Percentage of net premiums earned by geographic region

12.00%

Latin America [Member]

Percentage of net premiums earned by geographic region

6.00%

7.00%

[1]	(1) Europe includes Middle East and Africa regions.

Earnings Per Share (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net income	$ 8,539	$ 3,533	$ 4,454
Weighted-average shares outstanding	439,968,422	451,602,820	455,910,463
Share-based compensation plans	3,228,856	1,838,692	3,004,200
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding and assumed conversions	443,197,278	453,441,512	458,914,663
Basic earnings per share	$ 19.41	$ 7.82	$ 9.77
Diluted earnings per share	$ 19.27	$ 7.79	$ 9.71
Potential anti-dilutive share conversions	1,532,066	6,811,966	2,410,337

The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Section 65
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (e)(4)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123482062&loc=SL123482106-238011

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22583-107794

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22694-107794

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 10
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125511455&loc=d3e1448-109256

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22595-107794

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22694-107794

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 7
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125511455&loc=d3e1337-109256

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Section 65
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123482062&loc=SL123482106-238011

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 55
-Paragraph 52
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125512782&loc=d3e4984-109258

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 220
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(23))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120400993&loc=SL114874131-224263

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 55
-Paragraph 15
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125512782&loc=d3e3842-109258

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22644-107794

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124432515&loc=d3e3550-109257

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(25))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123367319&loc=SL114868664-224227

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125511455&loc=d3e1252-109256

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 60B
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125511455&loc=SL5780133-109256

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 220
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(27))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120399700&loc=SL114874048-224260

The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 55
-Paragraph 52
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125512782&loc=d3e4984-109258

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22644-107794

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 55
-Paragraph 15
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125512782&loc=d3e3842-109258

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125511455&loc=d3e1252-109256

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22694-107794

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22595-107794

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22583-107794

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 60B
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125511455&loc=SL5780133-109256

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Section 65
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123482062&loc=SL123482106-238011

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 220
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(27))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120399700&loc=SL114874048-224260

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124432515&loc=d3e3550-109257

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 220
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(23))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120400993&loc=SL114874131-224263

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22694-107794

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 7
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125511455&loc=d3e1337-109256

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Section 65
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (e)(4)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123482062&loc=SL123482106-238011

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(25))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123367319&loc=SL114868664-224227

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 220
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120399700&loc=SL114874048-224260

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22595-107794

Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 220
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120400993&loc=SL114874131-224263

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Section 65
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123482062&loc=SL123482106-238011

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431353&loc=SL124452729-227067

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123367319&loc=SL114868664-224227

Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 230
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 28
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123570139&loc=d3e3602-108585

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)(2)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22499-107794

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22663-107794

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123596393&loc=d3e14064-108612

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22583-107794

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 60B
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=125511455&loc=SL5780133-109256

Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 323
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=114001798&loc=d3e33918-111571

Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22658-107794

Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124509347&loc=SL7669619-108580

Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 31
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8924-108599

Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22694-107794

Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124431687&loc=d3e22694-107794

Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 205
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109222650&loc=SL51721683-107760

Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124509347&loc=SL7669625-108580

Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8736-108599

Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 34: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8906-108599

Reference 35: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599