UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_____________________

Form 8-K
_____________________

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event Reported): October 26, 2017  

RELIANCE STEEL & ALUMINUM CO.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

Delaware 001-13122 95-1142616
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation) (Commission File Number) (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

 

350 South Grand Avenue, Suite 5100, Los Angeles, CA 90071
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

(213) 687-7700
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Not applicable.
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

  [ ]   Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
  [ ]   Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
  [ ]   Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
  [ ]   Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (17 CFR §230.405) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR §240.12b-2). Emerging growth company [    ]

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [    ]

 
 

Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition.

On October 26, 2017, the Company issued a press release announcing financial results for the quarter ended September 30, 2017. Attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 is a copy of the Company’s press release dated October 26, 2017 announcing the Company’s financial results for this period.

The information contained in this report and the exhibit hereto shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing.

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(a)   Financial Statements of Businesses Acquired .

        Not Applicable.

(b)   Pro Forma Financial Information .

        Not Applicable.

(c)   Shell Company Transactions .

        Not Applicable.

(d)   Exhibits .

Exhibit No.   Description  
       
99.1   Press Release dated October 26, 2017 (included herewith).  


SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

  RELIANCE STEEL & ALUMINUM CO.
     
   
Date: October 26, 2017 By:  /s/ Karla R. Lewis        
    Karla R. Lewis
    Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
   

EXHIBIT 99.1

Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co. Reports Third Quarter 2017 Financial Results

-- Net sales of $2.45 billion increased 12.1% year-over-year 
-- Gross profit margin of 28.0% from continued strong execution
-- GAAP EPS of $1.32 increased 94.1% year-over-year; Non-GAAP EPS of $1.30 increased 4.0% year-over-year

LOS ANGELES, Oct. 26, 2017 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co. (NYSE:RS) today reported its financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2017.

Third Quarter 2017 Financial Highlights

Management Commentary
“Continued strong execution by our managers in the field drove a third quarter gross profit margin of 28.0%, solidly within our target range of 27% to 29%,” said Gregg Mollins, President and Chief Executive Officer of Reliance. “Demand in the quarter was stronger than we had anticipated, with our tons sold down only 1.2% from the second quarter of 2017 despite one less shipping day in the third quarter. Although many of our businesses experienced the normal seasonal trend of lower shipping volumes compared to the second quarter, certain of our businesses servicing the energy and non-residential construction markets experienced an increase in tons sold. While uncertainty in the marketplace from the pending Section 232 investigation continues, the level of imports has been declining from the elevated levels reached in the second quarter. This, combined with solid demand levels in the third quarter, supported stable to higher average prices with the exception of stainless steel products. This resulted in our average selling price remaining relatively flat compared to the second quarter of 2017.”

Mr. Mollins continued, “Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Irma impacted certain of our operations in the coastal regions of Texas, Louisiana and Florida in the third quarter. Despite temporary closures of some of our locations in the impacted areas, we are very fortunate to report that none of our employees were injured and we incurred no material damage to our facilities, inventory or equipment. The safety of all Reliance employees remains our top priority and our thoughts and prayers continue to be with all who suffered personal losses as they recover and rebuild.”

Mr. Mollins concluded, “We are pleased with our ability to continue operating at improved profitability levels due primarily to the efforts of our managers in the field. Through our industry-leading value-added processing capabilities and relatively stable overall metals pricing, we were able to maintain a strong gross profit margin in the third quarter. For the first nine months of 2017, we increased our pre-tax income by $131.8 million, or 39.8%, and $63.8 million, or 16.1%, on a Non-GAAP basis, compared to the first nine months of 2016. We will continue to focus on maximizing our gross profit margin while managing our inventory accordingly. Despite continuing uncertainty in the marketplace, both pricing and demand levels are better than they were a year ago and we remain optimistic about the potential for increased infrastructure and equipment spending which should help support earnings growth.”

           
Third Quarter 2017 Business Metrics
(tons in thousands; percentage change)
  Q3
2017
Q2
2017
Sequential
Quarter
Change
Q3
2016
Year-Over-
Year
Change
Tons sold   1,521.7    1,540.3  (1.2%)    1,445.5  5.3% 
Tons sold (same-store)   1,500.1    1,517.8  (1.2%)    1,426.3  5.2% 
Average selling price per ton sold $1,603  $1,600  0.2%  $1,501  6.8% 
Average selling price per ton sold (same-store) $1,595  $1,592  0.2%  $1,494  6.8% 


Third Quarter 2017 Major Commodity Metrics    
  Tons Sold (tons in thousands; percentage change) Average Selling Price per Ton
Sold (percentage change)
  Q3 2017
Tons Sold
Q2 2017
Tons Sold
Sequential
Quarter
Change
Q3 2016
Tons Sold
Year-Over-
Year Change
Sequential
Quarter
Change
Year-Over-
Year Change
Carbon steel 1,220.3  1,236.8  (1.3%)  1,167.4  4.5%  0.4%  6.6% 
Aluminum 89.8  93.2  (3.6%)  86.3  4.1%  1.1%  4.0% 
Stainless steel 79.1  78.6  0.6%  78.0  1.4%  (1.9%)  8.9% 
Alloy 54.8  53.7  2.0%  44.6  22.9%  0.4%  6.5% 


  Sales ($'s in millions; percentage change)  
  Q3 2017
Sales
Q2 2017
Sales
Sequential
Quarter
Change
Q3 2016
Sales
Year-Over-
Year Change
 
Carbon steel $1,319.5  $1,331.8  (0.9%)  $1,183.9  11.5%   
Aluminum $475.3  $487.8  (2.6%)  $439.2  8.2%   
Stainless steel $343.3  $348.0  (1.4%)  $311.0  10.4%   
Alloy $149.3  $145.8  2.4%  $114.2  30.7%   


Year-to-Date (9 months) 2017 Business Metrics
(tons in thousands; percentage change)
  2017 2016 Year-Over-
Year Change
Tons sold 4,602.4  4,467.9  3.0% 
Tons sold (same-store) 4,537.5  4,415.8  2.8% 
Average selling price per ton sold $1,588  $1,454  9.2% 
Average selling price per ton sold (same-store) $1,581  $1,447  9.3% 


Year-to-Date (9 months) 2017 Major Commodity Metrics  
  Tons Sold (tons in thousands;
percentage change)
Average Selling Price per
Ton Sold (percentage
change)
  2017 Tons
Sold
2016 Tons
Sold
Year-Over-
Year Change
Year-Over-Year
Change
Carbon steel 3,692.6  3,617.9  2.1%  10.7% 
Aluminum 275.7  268.3  2.8%  3.6% 
Stainless steel 237.5  237.1  0.2%  12.5% 
Alloy 164.8  135.3  21.8%  1.6% 


  Sales ($'s in millions; percentage change)
  2017 Sales 2016 Sales Year-Over-Year
Change
Carbon steel $3,936.8  $3,483.4  13.0% 
Aluminum $1,446.2  $1,359.1  6.4% 
Stainless steel $1,038.6  $921.4  12.7% 
Alloy $440.4  $356.2  23.6% 

End Market Commentary
Customer demand levels remained healthy overall and exceeded the Company’s expectations, throughout the third quarter of 2017. Due to normal seasonal patterns and one less shipping day, however, Reliance’s shipments declined slightly compared to the second quarter of 2017. Reliance continues to benefit from its strategy of serving diverse end markets and providing superior quality products and processing services, generally in small quantities on a just-in-time basis.      

Balance Sheet & Liquidity
Reliance ended the quarter with total debt outstanding of $1.99 billion, for a net debt-to-total capital ratio of 29.0%. The Company had $827.0 million available for borrowings on its $1.5 billion revolving credit facility at September 30, 2017.    

“We remain pleased with our overall financial position with a higher average selling price and strong gross profit margin supporting increased earnings which contributed positively to our cash flow from operations of $183.1 million in the third quarter of 2017,” commented Karla Lewis, Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Reliance. “Our enhanced profitability allows us to support higher activity levels while maintaining our strong balance sheet and liquidity position. Subsequent to quarter end, we were also pleased to complete our acquisition of Ferguson Perforating Company, a manufacturer of highly engineered and complex perforated metal parts for a diverse range of end markets. We expect to continue investing in growth activities while simultaneously returning value to our stockholders through quarterly dividends and opportunistic share repurchases.”

Acquisition of Ferguson Perforating Company
As previously announced, effective October 2, 2017, Reliance acquired all of the common stock of Ferguson Perforating Company (“Ferguson”), through Diamond Manufacturing Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Reliance. Founded in 1927 and headquartered in Providence, Rhode Island, Ferguson manufactures perforated metal parts for numerous applications in domestic and international markets. Ferguson specializes in producing highly engineered and complex perforated metal parts for diverse end markets ranging from aerospace and automotive to industrial machinery, consumer electronics manufacturers and sugar producers. Ferguson fits within Reliance’s growth strategy of acquiring companies with high value-added processing capabilities and furthers its product diversification in a niche market. Ferguson’s net sales were approximately $31 million for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Stockholder Return Activity
On October 24, 2017, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.45 per share of common stock payable on December 8, 2017 to stockholders of record as of November 17, 2017. Reliance has paid regular quarterly dividends for 58 consecutive years and has increased the dividend 24 times since its 1994 IPO.

The Company did not repurchase any shares of its common stock in the third quarter of 2017. At September 30, 2017, approximately 8.4 million shares remained available for repurchase under the Company’s share repurchase program. Reliance expects to opportunistically repurchase shares of its common stock going forward.

Business Outlook
Reliance management remains optimistic in regard to business activity levels in the fourth quarter of 2017, subject to the typical fourth quarter decline in shipping volumes that result from fewer shipping days due to holiday-related customer closures. As a result, the Company estimates tons sold will be down 4% to 6% in the fourth quarter of 2017 compared to the third quarter of 2017. Despite the recent increases in carbon and stainless steel pricing, the Company believes its average selling price in the fourth quarter will be subject to downward pressure given lower activity levels, with the recently announced mill price increases taking hold in early 2018. The Company, therefore, expects its average selling price will be flat to down 2% compared to the third quarter of 2017. Accordingly, management currently expects earnings per diluted share to be in the range of $0.90 to $1.00 for the fourth quarter of 2017.

Conference Call Details
A conference call and simultaneous webcast to discuss the third quarter 2017 financial results and business outlook will be held today, October 26, 2017 at 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time / 8:00 a.m. Pacific Time. To listen to the live call by telephone, please dial (877) 407-0792 (U.S. and Canada) or (201) 689-8263 (International) approximately 10 minutes prior to the start time and use conference ID: 13671629. The call will also be broadcast live over the Internet hosted on the Investors section of the Company's website at investor.rsac.com.

For those unable to participate during the live broadcast, a replay of the call will also be available beginning that same day at 2:00 p.m. Eastern Time until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on Thursday, November 9, 2017 by dialing (844) 512-2921 (U.S. and Canada) or (412) 317-6671 (International) and entering the conference ID: 13671629. The webcast will remain posted on the Investors section of Reliance’s website at investor.rsac.com for 90 days.

About Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co.
Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co., headquartered in Los Angeles, California, is the largest metals service center company in North America. Through a network of more than 300 locations in 40 states and twelve countries outside of the United States, Reliance provides value-added metals processing services and distributes a full line of over 100,000 metal products to more than 125,000 customers in a broad range of industries. Reliance focuses on small orders with quick turnaround and increasing levels of value-added processing. In 2016, Reliance’s average order size was $1,560, approximately 47% of orders included value-added processing and approximately 40% of orders were delivered within 24 hours. Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co.’s press releases and additional information are available on the Company’s website at www.rsac.com.

Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains certain statements that are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  Forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, discussions of Reliance’s industry and its end markets, its business strategies and its expectations concerning future demand and metals pricing and the Company’s results of operations, margins, profitability, impairment charges, liquidity, litigation matters and capital resources. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "may," "will," "should," "could," "would," "expect," "plan," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "potential" and "continue," the negative of these terms, and similar expressions.

These forward-looking statements are based on management's estimates, projections and assumptions as of today’s date that may not prove to be accurate. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of future performance. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in these forward-looking statements as a result of various important factors, including, but not limited to, those disclosed in reports Reliance has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). As a result, these statements speak only as of the date that they are made, and Reliance disclaims any and all obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Important risks and uncertainties about Reliance’s business can be found in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, filed with the SEC.

CONTACT:      
Brenda Miyamoto
Investor Relations
(213) 576-2428
investor@rsac.com

or Addo Investor Relations
(310) 829-5400

(Tables to follow)

   
RELIANCE STEEL & ALUMINUM CO.  
SELECTED UNAUDITED FINANCIAL DATA  
(in millions, except share and per share amounts)  
                           
    Three Months Ended   Nine Months Ended  
     September 30,    September 30,  
    2017     2016     2017     2016    
  Income Statement Data:                        
                           
  Net sales $ 2,450.1     $ 2,185.2     $ 7,344.6     $ 6,551.8    
  Gross profit 1   685.5       654.6       2,109.2       1,976.4    
  Operating income 2   158.7       94.8       520.1       400.3    
  Pre-tax income   142.2       70.5       463.1       331.3    
  Net income attributable to Reliance   97.3       49.5       312.0       242.6    
  Diluted earnings per share attributable to                        
  Reliance stockholders $ 1.32     $ 0.68     $ 4.24     $ 3.32    
  Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share                        
  attributable to Reliance stockholders 3 $ 1.30     $ 1.25     $ 4.22     $ 3.64    
  Weighted average shares outstanding –                        
  diluted   73,617,479       73,280,797       73,511,427       73,034,938    
  Gross profit margin 1   28.0%       30.0%       28.7%       30.2%    
  Operating income margin 2   6.5%       4.3%       7.1%       6.1%    
  Pre-tax income margin   5.8%       3.2%       6.3%       5.1%    
  Net income margin –  Reliance   4.0%       2.3%       4.2%       3.7%    
  Cash dividends per share $ 0.45     $ 0.425     $ 1.35     $ 1.225    
                           
    September 30,   December 31,              
    2017     2016*              
  Balance Sheet and Other Data:                        
                           
  Current assets $ 3,169.1     $ 2,688.5                
  Working capital   2,387.9       2,032.5                
  Property, plant and equipment, net   1,651.1       1,662.2                
  Total assets   7,846.9       7,411.3                
  Current liabilities   781.2       656.0                
  Long-term debt   1,896.0       1,846.7                
  Total Reliance stockholders’ equity   4,414.9       4,148.8                
  Capital expenditures (year-to-date)   118.1       154.9                
  Cash provided by operations (year-to-date)   198.3       626.5                
  Net debt-to-total capital 4   29.0%       30.3%                
  Return on Reliance stockholders' equity 5   9.0%       7.8%                
  Current ratio   4.1       4.1                
  Book value per share 6 $ 60.56     $ 57.07                

* Amounts were derived from audited financial statements.
                                                         
1 Gross profit, calculated as net sales less cost of sales, and gross profit margin, calculated as gross profit divided by net sales, are non-GAAP financial measures as they exclude depreciation and amortization expense associated with the corresponding sales. The majority of our orders are basic distribution with no processing services performed. For the remainder of our sales orders, we perform “first-stage” processing which is generally not labor intensive as we are simply cutting the metal to size. Because of this, the amount of related labor and overhead, including depreciation and amortization, is not significant and is excluded from our cost of sales. Therefore, our cost of sales is substantially comprised of the cost of the material we sell. We use gross profit and gross profit margin as shown above as measures of operating performance. Gross profit and gross profit margin are important operating and financial measures, as their fluctuations can have a significant impact on our earnings. Gross profit and gross profit margin, as presented, are not necessarily comparable with similarly titled measures for other companies.
2 The 2016 amounts have been retrospectively adjusted pursuant to our adoption of accounting changes related to the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost.
3 See accompanying Non-GAAP earnings and adjusted gross profit reconciliation.
4 Net debt-to-total capital is calculated as total debt (net of cash) divided by total Reliance stockholders’ equity plus total debt (net of cash).
5 Calculations are based on the latest twelve months net income attributable to Reliance and beginning total Reliance stockholders’ equity.
6 Book value per share is calculated as total Reliance stockholders’ equity divided by outstanding common shares.

     
     
RELIANCE STEEL & ALUMINUM CO.    
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS    
(in millions, except share amounts)      
     
    September 30,   December 31,    
    2017     2016*    
  ASSETS    
                 
  Current assets:              
  Cash and cash equivalents $ 170.2     $ 122.8      
  Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of              
  of $17.0 at September 30, 2017 and $15.3 at December 31, 2016   1,166.0       960.2      
  Inventories   1,772.5       1,532.6      
  Prepaid expenses and other current assets   60.4       72.9      
  Total current assets   3,169.1       2,688.5      
  Property, plant and equipment:              
  Land   232.8       228.2      
  Buildings   1,087.1       1,059.2      
  Machinery and equipment   1,712.2       1,647.3      
  Accumulated depreciation   (1,381.0 )     (1,272.5 )    
  Property, plant and equipment, net   1,651.1       1,662.2      
                 
  Goodwill   1,834.0       1,827.4      
  Intangible assets, net   1,116.8       1,151.3      
  Cash surrender value of life insurance policies, net   36.8       46.9      
  Other assets   39.1       35.0      
  Total assets $ 7,846.9     $ 7,411.3      
                 
  LIABILITIES AND EQUITY    
                 
  Current liabilities:              
  Accounts payable $ 407.2     $ 302.2      
  Accrued expenses   103.5       83.7      
  Accrued compensation and retirement costs   128.5       140.8      
  Accrued insurance costs   42.6       40.6      
  Current maturities of long-term debt and short-term borrowings   79.7       82.5      
  Income taxes payable   19.7       6.2      
  Total current liabilities   781.2       656.0      
  Long-term debt   1,896.0       1,846.7      
  Long-term retirement costs   86.2       89.6      
  Other long-term liabilities   13.0       13.0      
  Deferred income taxes   624.6       626.9      
  Commitments and contingencies              
  Equity:              
  Preferred stock, $0.001 par value:              
  Authorized shares — 5,000,000              
  None issued or outstanding              
  Common stock and additional paid-in capital, $0.001 par value:              
  Authorized shares — 200,000,000              
  Issued and outstanding shares – 72,913,683 at September 30, 2017 and 72,682,793              
  at December 31, 2016   616.2       590.3      
  Retained earnings   3,876.6       3,663.2      
  Accumulated other comprehensive loss   (77.9 )     (104.7 )    
  Total Reliance stockholders’ equity   4,414.9       4,148.8      
  Noncontrolling interests   31.0       30.3      
  Total equity   4,445.9       4,179.1      
  Total liabilities and equity $ 7,846.9     $ 7,411.3      
                     

* Amounts were derived from audited financial statements.

   
   
RELIANCE STEEL & ALUMINUM CO.  
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME   
(in millions, except per share amounts)  
   
  Three Months Ended   Nine Months Ended  
  September 30,   September 30,  
  2017     2016   2017   2016  
                         
Net sales $ 2,450.1     $ 2,185.2   $ 7,344.6   $ 6,551.8  
                         
Costs and expenses:                        
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation                        
and amortization shown below)   1,764.6       1,530.6     5,235.4     4,575.4  
Warehouse, delivery, selling, general and                        
administrative   470.0       453.0     1,422.1     1,357.7  
Depreciation and amortization   54.0       55.1     164.2     166.7  
Impairment of long-lived assets   2.8       51.7     2.8     51.7  
    2,291.4       2,090.4     6,824.5     6,151.5  
                         
Operating income   158.7       94.8     520.1     400.3  
                         
Other (income) expense:                        
Interest expense   19.1       22.2     54.9     65.6  
Other (income) expense, net   (2.6 )     2.1     2.1     3.4  
Income before income taxes   142.2       70.5     463.1     331.3  
Income tax provision   43.2       19.9     145.9     85.1  
Net income   99.0       50.6     317.2     246.2  
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests                        
interests   1.7       1.1     5.2     3.6  
Net income attributable to Reliance $ 97.3     $ 49.5   $ 312.0   $ 242.6  
                         
Earnings per share attributable to Reliance stockholders:                        
Diluted $ 1.32     $ 0.68   $ 4.24   $ 3.32  
Basic $ 1.33     $ 0.68   $ 4.28   $ 3.36  
                         
Cash dividends per share $ 0.45     $ 0.425   $ 1.35   $ 1.225  


RELIANCE STEEL & ALUMINUM CO.  
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS  
(in millions)  
   
  Nine Months Ended  
  September 30,
 
  2017     2016    
Operating activities:            
Net income $ 317.2     $ 246.2    
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:            
Depreciation and amortization expense   164.2       166.7    
Impairment of long-lived assets   2.8       51.7    
Deferred income tax (benefit) provision   (4.7 )     0.5    
Gain on sales of property, plant and equipment   (8.4 )     (1.1 )  
Stock-based compensation expense   23.3       17.8    
Other   4.9       5.9    
Changes in operating assets and liabilities (excluding effect of businesses acquired):            
Accounts receivable   (202.6 )     (112.0 )  
Inventories   (235.5 )     (95.5 )  
Prepaid expenses and other assets   12.6       35.2    
Accounts payable and other liabilities   124.5       72.2    
Net cash provided by operating activities   198.3       387.6    
             
Investing activities:            
Purchases of property, plant and equipment   (118.1 )     (110.6 )  
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired   (1.3 )     (349.0 )  
Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment   14.0       5.7    
Other   5.6       (4.1 )  
Net cash used in investing activities   (99.8 )     (458.0 )  
             
Financing activities:            
Net short-term debt borrowings (repayments)   3.6       (11.9 )  
Proceeds from long-term debt borrowings   674.0       1,713.0    
Principal payments on long-term debt   (634.5 )     (1,525.2 )  
Debt issuance costs         (6.8 )  
Dividends and dividend equivalents paid   (99.3 )     (89.5 )  
Exercise of stock options   3.4       31.3    
Other   (5.3 )     (4.1 )  
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities   (58.1 )     106.8    
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash   7.0       2.6    
Increase in cash and cash equivalents   47.4       39.0    
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year   122.8       104.3    
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 170.2     $ 143.3    
             
Supplemental cash flow information:            
Interest paid during the period $ 44.2     $ 47.0    
Income taxes paid during the period, net $ 135.2     $ 67.2    
             
Non-cash investing and financing activities:            
Debt assumed in connection with acquisition $     $ 6.1    


RELIANCE STEEL & ALUMINUM CO.  
NON-GAAP EARNINGS AND ADJUSTED GROSS PROFIT RECONCILIATION  
(in millions, except per share amounts)  
   
  Net Income   Diluted EPS  
  Three Months Ended   Three Months Ended  
  September 30,   June 30,   September 30,   September 30,   June 30,   September 30,  
  2017
  2017
  2016
  2017
  2017
  2016
 
                                     
Net income attributable to Reliance $ 97.3     $ 103.0     $ 49.5     $ 1.32     $ 1.40     $ 0.68    
Impairment and restructuring charges   2.1       0.4       67.3       0.03       0.01       0.91    
Income tax benefit, related to above items   (0.8 )     (0.2 )     (25.0 )     (0.01 )     (0.01 )     (0.34 )  
Gain related to sales of non-core assets   (4.6 )     (0.2 )           (0.06 )              
Income tax expense related to sales of non-core assets   1.8       0.1             0.02                
Non-GAAP net income attributable to Reliance $ 95.8     $ 103.1     $ 91.8     $ 1.30     $ 1.40     $ 1.25    
                                     
                                     
        Net Income   Diluted EPS        
        Nine Months Ended   Nine Months Ended        
        September 30,   September 30,   September 30,   September 30,        
        2017
  2016
  2017
  2016        
                                     
Net income attributable to Reliance       $ 312.0     $ 242.6     $ 4.24     $ 3.32          
Non-recurring settlement charges (gains)         2.8       (2.2 )     0.04       (0.03 )        
Impairment and restructuring charges         2.4       67.3       0.04       0.92          
Income tax benefit, related to above items         (2.0 )     (24.2 )     (0.03 )     (0.33 )        
Gain related to sales of non-core assets         (8.1 )           (0.11 )              
Income tax expense related to sales of non-core assets         3.1             0.04                
Resolution of certain tax matters               (17.6 )           (0.24 )        
Non-GAAP net income attributable to Reliance       $ 310.2     $ 265.9     $ 4.22     $ 3.64          
                                     
                                     
  Three Months Ended   Nine Months Ended        
  September 30,   June 30,   September 30,   September 30,   September 30,        
  2017
  2017
  2016
  2017
  2016
       
Gross profit - LIFO $ 685.5     $ 702.1     $ 654.6     $ 2,109.2     $ 1,976.4          
Net LIFO/LCM expense (income)   6.3       10.0       (11.3 )     26.3       (11.3 )        
Gross profit - FIFO   691.8       712.1       643.3       2,135.5       1,965.1          
Restructuring charges (credits)               11.7       (0.2 )     11.7          
Adjusted gross profit - FIFO $ 691.8     $ 712.1     $ 655.0     $ 2,135.3     $ 1,976.8          
                                     
                                     
Gross profit margin - LIFO   28.0 %     28.4 %     30.0 %     28.7 %     30.2 %        
Net LIFO/LCM expense (income) as a % of sales   0.2 %     0.4 %     (0.6 %)     0.4 %     (0.2 %)        
Gross profit margin - FIFO   28.2 %     28.8 %     29.4 %     29.1 %     30.0 %        
Restructuring charges (credits) as a % of sales               0.6 %           0.2 %        
Adjusted gross profit margin - FIFO   28.2 %     28.8 %     30.0 %     29.1 %     30.2 %        
                                     
   

Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co.'s presentation of non-GAAP or adjusted net income, EPS, gross profit and gross profit margin over certain time periods is an attempt to provide meaningful comparisons to the Company's historical performance for its existing and future stockholders. Adjustments include pension settlement, settlement gains, impairment and restructuring charges (credits) related to certain of the Company's energy-related businesses and the closure or sale of some of its locations, a debt restructuring-related charge, sales of non-core machinery and equipment, and the resolution of certain tax matters, which make comparisons of the Company's operating results between periods difficult using GAAP measures. Reliance Steel & Aluminum Co.'s presentation of gross profit margin - FIFO, which is calculated as gross profit plus net LIFO/LCM expense (or minus net LIFO/LCM income) divided by net sales, is presented in order to provide a means of comparison amongst its competitors who may not use the same inventory valuation method. For further information on the Company's gross profit and gross profit margin, see footnote 1 to the accompanying Selected Unaudited Financial Data.