CISCO SYSTEMS, INC., 10-K filed on 9/3/2025
Annual Report
v3.25.2
Cover Page - USD ($)
$ in Billions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Aug. 28, 2025
Jan. 24, 2025
Cover [Abstract]      
Document Type 10-K    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Period End Date Jul. 26, 2025    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --07-26    
Document Transition Report false    
Entity File Number 001-39940    
Entity Registrant Name CISCO SYSTEMS, INC.    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE    
Entity Tax Identification Number 77-0059951    
Entity Address, Address Line One 170 West Tasman Drive    
Entity Address, City or Town San Jose,    
Entity Address, State or Province CA    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 95134-1706    
City Area Code 408    
Local Phone Number 526-4000    
Title of 12(b) Security Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share    
Trading Symbol CSCO    
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer    
Entity Small Business false    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true    
Document Financial Statement Error Correction false    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Public Float     $ 247.5
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   3,953,196,953  
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be held on December 16, 2025, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated.
   
Amendment Flag false    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2025    
Entity Central Index Key 0000858877    
v3.25.2
Audit Information
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Audit Information [Abstract]  
Auditor Firm ID 238
Auditor Name PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Auditor Location San Jose, California
v3.25.2
Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Current assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 8,346 $ 7,508
Investments 7,764 10,346
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $69 at July 26, 2025 and $87 at July 27, 2024 6,701 6,685
Inventories 3,164 3,373
Financing receivables, net 3,061 3,338
Other current assets 5,950 5,612
Total current assets 34,986 36,862
Property and equipment, net 2,113 2,090
Financing receivables, net 3,466 3,376
Goodwill 59,136 58,660
Purchased intangible assets, net 9,175 11,219
Deferred tax assets 7,356 6,262
Other assets 6,059 5,944
TOTAL ASSETS 122,291 124,413
Current liabilities:    
Short-term debt 5,232 11,341
Accounts payable 2,528 2,304
Income taxes payable 1,857 1,439
Accrued compensation 3,611 3,608
Deferred revenue 16,416 16,249
Other current liabilities 5,420 5,643
Total current liabilities 35,064 40,584
Long-term debt 22,861 19,621
Income taxes payable 2,165 3,985
Deferred revenue 12,363 12,226
Other long-term liabilities 2,995 2,540
Total liabilities 75,448 78,956
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Cisco stockholders’ equity:    
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value: 5 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding 0 0
Common stock and additional paid-in capital, $0.001 par value: 20,000 shares authorized; 3,960 and 4,007 shares issued and outstanding at July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively 47,747 45,800
Retained earnings 50 1,087
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (954) (1,430)
Total equity 46,843 45,457
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY $ 122,291 $ 124,413
v3.25.2
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]    
Accounts receivable, allowance $ 69 $ 87
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.001 $ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) 5,000,000 5,000,000
Preferred stock, issued (in shares) 0 0
Preferred stock, outstanding (in shares) 0 0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.001 $ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 20,000,000,000 20,000,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 3,960,000,000 4,007,000,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 3,960,000,000 4,007,000,000
v3.25.2
Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
REVENUE:      
Total revenue $ 56,654 $ 53,803 $ 56,998
COST OF SALES:      
Total cost of sales 19,864 18,975 21,245
GROSS MARGIN 36,790 34,828 35,753
OPERATING EXPENSES:      
Research and development 9,300 7,983 7,551
Sales and marketing 10,966 10,364 9,880
General and administrative 2,992 2,813 2,478
Amortization of purchased intangible assets 1,028 698 282
Restructuring and other charges 744 789 531
Total operating expenses 25,030 22,647 20,722
OPERATING INCOME 11,760 12,181 15,031
Interest income 1,001 1,365 962
Interest expense (1,593) (1,006) (427)
Other income (loss), net (68) (306) (248)
Interest and other income (loss), net (660) 53 287
INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES 11,100 12,234 15,318
Provision for income taxes 920 1,914 2,705
NET INCOME $ 10,180 $ 10,320 $ 12,613
Net income per share:      
Basic (in dollars per share) $ 2.56 $ 2.55 $ 3.08
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ 2.55 $ 2.54 $ 3.07
Shares used in per-share calculation:      
Basic (in shares) 3,976 4,043 4,093
Diluted (in shares) 3,998 4,062 4,105
Product      
REVENUE:      
Total revenue $ 41,608 $ 39,253 $ 43,142
COST OF SALES:      
Total cost of sales 15,121 14,339 16,590
Services      
REVENUE:      
Total revenue 15,046 14,550 13,856
COST OF SALES:      
Total cost of sales $ 4,743 $ 4,636 $ 4,655
v3.25.2
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]      
Net income $ 10,180 $ 10,320 $ 12,613
Available-for-sale investments:      
Change in net unrealized gains and losses, net of tax benefit (expense) of $(31), $(47), and $35 for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively 121 146 (78)
Net (gains) losses reclassified into earnings, net of tax expense (benefit) of $(37), $(14), and $(4) for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively 63 53 17
Total available-for-sale investments 184 199 (61)
Cash flow hedging instruments:      
Change in unrealized gains and losses, net of tax benefit (expense) of $(7), $(30), and $(7) for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively 22 98 22
Net (gains) losses reclassified into earnings, net of tax (benefit) expense of $11, $12, and $15 for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively (36) (37) (48)
Total cash flow hedging instruments (14) 61 (26)
Net change in cumulative translation adjustment and actuarial gains and losses, net of tax benefit (expense) of $2, $2, and $19 for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively 306 (115) 134
Other comprehensive income (loss) 476 145 47
Comprehensive income $ 10,656 $ 10,465 $ 12,660
v3.25.2
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]      
Change in net unrealized gains and losses, tax benefit (expense) $ (31) $ (47) $ 35
Net (gains) losses reclassified into earnings, tax expense (benefit) (37) (14) (4)
Change in unrealized gains and losses, tax benefit (expense) (7) (30) (7)
Net (gains) losses reclassified into earnings, tax (benefit) expense 11 12 15
Net change in cumulative translation adjustment and actuarial gains and losses, tax benefit (expense) $ 2 $ 2 $ 19
v3.25.2
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income $ 10,180 $ 10,320 $ 12,613
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation, amortization, and other 2,811 2,507 1,726
Share-based compensation expense 3,641 3,074 2,353
Provision for receivables 24 34 31
Deferred income taxes (1,133) (972) (2,085)
(Gains) losses on divestitures, investments and other, net (38) 215 206
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestitures:      
Accounts receivable (22) (289) 734
Inventories 209 275 (1,069)
Financing receivables 214 76 1,102
Other assets (499) (671) 5
Accounts payable 257 (90) 27
Income taxes, net (1,839) (4,539) 1,218
Accrued compensation (53) (696) 651
Deferred revenue 248 1,220 2,326
Other liabilities 193 416 48
Net cash provided by operating activities 14,193 10,880 19,886
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Purchases of investments (4,589) (4,230) (10,871)
Proceeds from sales of investments 2,643 4,136 1,054
Proceeds from maturities of investments 4,943 6,367 5,978
Acquisitions, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired (291) (25,994) (301)
Purchases of investments in privately held companies (383) (284) (185)
Return of investments in privately held companies 306 202 90
Acquisition of property and equipment (905) (670) (849)
Other 9 (5) (23)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 1,733 (20,478) (5,107)
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Issuances of common stock 736 714 700
Repurchases of common stock - repurchase program (6,000) (5,787) (4,293)
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on vesting of restricted stock units (1,222) (992) (597)
Short-term borrowings, original maturities of 90 days or less, net (31) 478 (602)
Issuances of debt 19,292 31,818 0
Repayments of debt (22,073) (9,826) (500)
Repayments of Splunk convertible debt, net of capped call proceeds 0 (3,140) 0
Dividends paid (6,437) (6,384) (6,302)
Other (80) (37) (32)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (15,815) 6,844 (11,626)
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents (43) (31) (105)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents 68 (2,785) 3,048
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents, beginning of fiscal year 8,842 11,627 8,579
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents, end of fiscal year 8,910 8,842 11,627
Supplemental cash flow information:      
Cash paid for interest 1,500 583 376
Cash paid for income taxes, net $ 3,892 $ 7,426 $ 3,571
v3.25.2
Consolidated Statements of Equity - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
Total
Shares of Common Stock
Common Stock and Additional Paid-In Capital
Retained Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jul. 30, 2022   4,110      
Balance, beginning of period at Jul. 30, 2022 $ 39,773   $ 42,714 $ (1,319) $ (1,622)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Net income 12,613     12,613  
Other comprehensive income (loss) 47       47
Issuance of common stock (in shares)   57      
Issuance of common stock $ 700   700    
Repurchase of common stock (in shares) (88) (88)      
Repurchase of common stock $ (4,271)   (930) (3,341)  
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on vesting of restricted stock units and other (in shares)   (13)      
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on vesting of restricted stock units and other (551)   (551)    
Cash dividends declared (6,302)     (6,302)  
Share-based compensation 2,353   2,353    
Other (9)   3 (12)  
Ending balance (in shares) at Jul. 29, 2023   4,066      
Balance, end of period at Jul. 29, 2023 44,353   44,289 1,639 (1,575)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Net income 10,320     10,320  
Other comprehensive income (loss) 145       145
Issuance of common stock (in shares)   78      
Issuance of common stock $ 714   714    
Repurchase of common stock (in shares) (117) (117)      
Repurchase of common stock $ (5,764)   (1,292) (4,472)  
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on vesting of restricted stock units and other (in shares)   (20)      
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on vesting of restricted stock units and other (997)   (997)    
Cash dividends declared (6,384)     (6,384)  
Share-based compensation 3,074   3,074    
Other (4)   12 (16)  
Ending balance (in shares) at Jul. 27, 2024   4,007      
Balance, end of period at Jul. 27, 2024 45,457   45,800 1,087 (1,430)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Net income 10,180     10,180  
Other comprehensive income (loss) 476       476
Issuance of common stock (in shares)   80      
Issuance of common stock $ 736   736    
Repurchase of common stock (in shares) (105) (105)      
Repurchase of common stock $ (5,995)   (1,230) (4,765)  
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on vesting of restricted stock units and other (in shares)   (22)      
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on vesting of restricted stock units and other (1,209)   (1,209)    
Cash dividends declared (6,437)     (6,437)  
Share-based compensation 3,641   3,641    
Other (6)   9 (15)  
Ending balance (in shares) at Jul. 26, 2025   3,960      
Balance, end of period at Jul. 26, 2025 $ 46,843   $ 47,747 $ 50 $ (954)
v3.25.2
Consolidated Statements of Equity (Parenthetical) - $ / shares
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]      
Cash dividends declared, per common share (in dollars per share) $ 1.62 $ 1.58 $ 1.54
v3.25.2
Basis of Presentation
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation Basis of Presentation
The fiscal year for Cisco Systems, Inc. (the “Company,” “Cisco,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) is the 52 or 53 weeks ending on the last Saturday in July. Fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023 were each 52-week fiscal years. The Consolidated Financial Statements include our accounts and those of our subsidiaries and those of our investments consolidated under the voting interest method. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. We conduct business globally and are primarily managed on a geographic basis in the following three geographic segments: the Americas; Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA); and Asia Pacific, Japan, and China (APJC).
Certain reclassifications have been made to the amounts for prior years in order to conform to the current year’s presentation. We have evaluated subsequent events through the date that the financial statements were issued.
v3.25.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
(a) Cash and Cash Equivalents  We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.
(b) Available-for-Sale Debt Investments  We classify our investments in fixed income securities as available-for-sale debt investments. Our available-for-sale debt investments primarily consist of U.S. government, U.S. government agency, non-U.S. government and agency, corporate debt, U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities, commercial paper and certificates of deposit. These available-for-sale debt investments are primarily held in the custody of a major financial institution. A specific identification method is used to determine the cost basis of available-for-sale debt investments sold. These investments are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value and unrealized gains and losses on these investments are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI), net of tax. We classify our investments as current based on the nature of the investments and their availability for use in current operations.
(c) Equity Instruments Our equity investments are accounted for as follows:
Marketable equity securities have readily determinable fair value (RDFV) that are measured and recorded at fair value through income.
Non-marketable equity securities do not have RDFV and are measured using a measurement alternative recorded at cost less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from qualifying observable price changes. For certain of these securities, we have elected to apply the net asset value (NAV) practical expedient. The NAV is the estimated fair value of these investments.
Equity method investments are securities we do not control, but are able to exert significant influence over the investee. These investments are measured at cost less any impairment, plus or minus our share of equity method investee income or loss.
(d) Impairments of Investments  For our available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, we determine whether a credit loss exists. In this assessment, among other factors, we consider the extent to which the fair value is less than the amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security. If factors indicate a credit loss exists, an allowance for credit loss is recorded to other income (loss), net, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. The amount of fair value change relating to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI).
We hold non-marketable equity and other investments (“privately held investments”) which are included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We monitor these investments for impairments and make reductions in carrying values if we determine that an impairment charge is required based primarily on the financial condition and near-term prospects of these companies.
(e) Inventories  Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual cost, on a first-in, first-out basis. We provide inventory write-downs based on excess and obsolete inventories determined primarily by future demand forecasts. The write-down is measured as the difference between the cost of the inventory and net realizable value based upon assumptions about future demand and charged to the provision for inventory, which is a component of cost of sales. At the point of loss recognition, a new, lower cost basis for that inventory is established, and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase in that newly established cost
basis. In addition, we record a liability for firm, noncancelable, and unconditional purchase commitments with contract manufacturers and suppliers for quantities in excess of our future demand forecasts consistent with our valuation of excess and obsolete inventory.
(f) Allowance for Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets and Financing Receivables  We estimate our allowances for credit losses using relevant available information from internal and external sources, related to past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. When assessing for credit losses, we determine collectibility by pooling our assets with similar characteristics.
The allowances for credit losses are each measured on a collective basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Our internal credit risk ratings are categorized as 1 through 10, with the lowest credit risk rating representing the highest quality. Assets that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. The allowances for credit losses are each measured by multiplying the exposure probability of default, the probability the asset will default within a given time frame, by the loss given default rate, the percentage of the asset not expected to be collected due to default, based on the pool of assets.
Probability of default rates are published quarterly by third-party credit agencies. Adjustments to our internal credit risk ratings may take into account including, but not limited to, various customer-specific factors, the potential sovereign risk of the geographic locations in which the customer is operating and macroeconomic conditions. These factors are updated regularly or when facts and circumstances indicate that an update is deemed necessary.
(g) Financing Receivables and Guarantees  We provide financing arrangements, including loan receivables and lease receivables, for certain qualified channel partners and end-users to build, maintain, and upgrade their networks, and we record accrued interest on the portfolio. Loan receivables represent financing arrangements related to the sale of our hardware, software, and services (including technical support and advanced services), and also may include additional funding for other costs associated with network installation and integration of our products and services. Loan receivables have terms of one year to three years on average. Lease receivables represent sales-type leases resulting from the sale of Cisco’s and complementary third-party products and are typically collateralized by a security interest in the underlying assets. Lease receivables consist of arrangements with terms of four years on average.
Outstanding financing receivables that are aged 31 days or more from the contractual payment date are considered past due. We do not accrue interest on financing receivables that are considered impaired and more than 120 days past due unless either the receivable has not been collected due to administrative reasons or the receivable is well secured and in the process of collection. Financing receivables may be placed on nonaccrual status earlier if, in management’s opinion, a timely collection of the full principal and interest becomes uncertain. After a financing receivable has been categorized as nonaccrual, interest will be recognized when cash is received. A financing receivable may be returned to accrual status after all of the customer’s delinquent balances of principal and interest have been settled, and the customer remains current for an appropriate period.
We facilitate arrangements for third-party financing extended to channel partners, consisting of revolving short-term financing, generally with payment terms ranging from 60 to 90 days. In certain instances, these financing arrangements result in a transfer of our receivables to the third party. The receivables are derecognized upon transfer, as these transfers qualify as a sale, and we receive a payment for the receivables from the third party based on our standard payment terms. These financing arrangements facilitate the working capital requirements of the channel partners, and, in some cases, we guarantee a portion of these arrangements. We could be called upon to make payments under these guarantees if the channel partners do not pay. Deferred revenue relating to these financing arrangements is recorded in accordance with revenue recognition policies or for the fair value of the financing guarantees.
(h) Leases We lease real estate, information technology (IT) and other equipment and vehicles. We also have arrangements with certain suppliers and contract manufacturers which includes the leasing of dedicated space and equipment costs. Our leases have the option to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option.
As a lessee, we determine if an arrangement is a lease at commencement. Our right-of-use (ROU) lease assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments related to the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. We use incremental borrowing rates based on information available at the commencement date to determine the present value of our lease payments. Certain of our lease agreements contain variable lease payments. Our variable lease payments can fluctuate depending on the level of activity or the cost of certain services where we have elected to combine lease and non-lease components. While these payments are not included as part of our lease liabilities, they are recognized as variable lease expense in the period they are incurred.
We provide leasing of our equipment and complementary third-party products primarily through our channel partners and distributors, for which the income arising from these leases is recognized through interest income. As a lessor, we determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. We provide leasing arrangements for our equipment to certain qualified customers. Our lease portfolio primarily consists of sales-type leases. We allocate the consideration in a bundled contract with our customers based on relative standalone selling prices of our lease and non-lease components. The residual value on our leased equipment is determined at the inception of the lease based on an analysis of estimates of the value of equipment, market factors and historical customer behavior. Residual value estimates are reviewed on a periodic basis and other-than-temporary declines are expensed in the period they occur. Our leases generally provide an end-of-term option for the customer to extend the lease under mutually-agreed terms, return the leased equipment, or purchase the equipment for either the then-market value of the equipment or a pre-determined purchase price. If a customer chooses to terminate their lease prior to the original end of termination date, the customer is required to pay all remaining lease payments in full.
(i) Depreciation and Amortization  Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation or amortization, whenever applicable. Depreciation and amortization expenses for property and equipment were approximately $0.7 billion for each of fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method, generally over the following periods:
Asset CategoryPeriod
Buildings
25 years
Building improvements
Up to 15 years
Leasehold improvements
Shorter of remaining lease term or up to 15 years
Production, engineering, computer and other equipment and related software
Up to 5 years
Operating lease assetsBased on lease term
Furniture and fixtures
5 years
(j) Business Combinations We allocate the fair value of the purchase consideration of our acquisitions to the tangible assets, liabilities, and intangible assets acquired, including in-process research and development (IPR&D), based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. IPR&D is initially capitalized at fair value as an intangible asset with an indefinite life and assessed for impairment thereafter. When an IPR&D project is completed, the IPR&D is reclassified as an amortizable purchased intangible asset and amortized over the asset’s estimated useful life. Acquisition-related expenses and related restructuring costs are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred.
(k) Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets  Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis in the fourth fiscal quarter and, when specific circumstances dictate, between annual tests. When impaired, the carrying value of goodwill is written down to fair value. Identifying a potential impairment consists of comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. Purchased intangible assets with finite lives are carried at cost, less accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. See “Long-Lived Assets” for our policy regarding impairment testing of purchased intangible assets with finite lives. Purchased intangible assets with indefinite lives are assessed for potential impairment annually or when events or circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts might be impaired.
(l) Long-Lived Assets  Long-lived assets that are held and used by us are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability of long-lived assets is based on an estimate of the undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of an impairment loss for long-lived assets that management expects to hold and use is based on the difference between the fair value of the asset and its carrying value. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
(m) Fair Value  Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be either recorded or disclosed at fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact, and we also consider assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.
The accounting guidance for fair value measurement requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The fair value hierarchy is as follows:
Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. We use inputs such as actual trade data, benchmark yields, broker/dealer quotes, and other similar data, which are obtained from quoted market prices, independent pricing vendors, or other sources, to determine the ultimate fair value of assets or liabilities.
Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The fair values are determined based on model-based techniques such as discounted cash flow models using inputs that we could not corroborate with market data.
(n) Derivative Instruments  We recognize derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities and measure those instruments at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. For a derivative instrument designated as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss is recognized in earnings in the period of change together with the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributed to the risk being hedged. For a derivative instrument designated as a cash flow hedge, the gain or loss is initially reported as a component of AOCI and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings. For a derivative instrument designated as a net investment hedge of our foreign operations, the gain or loss is recorded in the cumulative translation adjustment within AOCI together with the offsetting loss or gain of the hedged exposure of the underlying foreign operations. For derivative instruments that are not designated as accounting hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings in the period of change. We record derivative instruments in the statements of cash flows to operating, investing, or financing activities consistent with the cash flows of the hedged item.
Hedge effectiveness for foreign exchange forward contracts used as cash flow hedges is assessed by comparing the change in the fair value of the hedge contract with the change in the fair value of the forecasted cash flows of the hedged item. Hedge effectiveness for equity forward contracts and foreign exchange net investment hedge forward contracts is assessed by comparing changes in fair value due to changes in spot rates for both the derivative and the hedged item. For foreign exchange option contracts, hedge effectiveness is assessed based on the hedging instrument’s entire change in fair value. Hedge effectiveness for interest rate swaps is assessed by comparing the change in fair value of the swap with the change in the fair value of the hedged item due to changes in the benchmark interest rate.
(o) Foreign Currency Translation  Assets and liabilities of non-U.S. subsidiaries that operate in a local currency environment, where that local currency is the functional currency, are translated to U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, with the resulting translation adjustments directly recorded to a separate component of AOCI. Income and expense accounts are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Remeasurement adjustments are recorded in other income (loss), net.
(p) Concentrations of Risk  Cash and cash equivalents are maintained with several financial institutions. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and are maintained with financial institutions with reputable credit and therefore bear minimal credit risk. We seek to mitigate our credit risks by spreading such risks across multiple counterparties and monitoring the risk profiles of these counterparties.
We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and, with the exception of certain financing transactions, do not require collateral from our customers. We receive certain of our components from sole suppliers. Additionally, we rely on a limited number of contract manufacturers and suppliers to provide manufacturing services for our products. The inability of a contract manufacturer or supplier to fulfill our supply requirements could materially impact future operating results.
(q) Revenue Recognition  We enter into contracts with customers that can include various combinations of products and services which are generally distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations, resulting in contracts that may contain multiple performance obligations. We determine whether arrangements are distinct based on whether the customer can benefit from the product or service on its own or together with other resources that are readily available and whether our
commitment to transfer the product or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other obligations in the contract. We classify our hardware, perpetual software licenses, and SaaS as distinct performance obligations. Term software licenses represent multiple obligations, which include software licenses and software maintenance. In transactions where we deliver hardware or software, we are typically the principal and we record revenue and costs of goods sold on a gross basis. We refer to our term software licenses, security software licenses, SaaS, and associated service arrangements as subscription offers. Revenue from subscription offers includes revenue recognized over time as well as upfront.
We recognize revenue upon transfer of control of promised goods or services in a contract with a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products or services. Transfer of control occurs once the customer has the contractual right to use the product, generally upon shipment, electronic delivery (or when the software is available for download by the customer), or once title and risk of loss has transferred to the customer. Transfer of control can also occur over time for software maintenance and services as the customer receives the benefit over the contract term. Our hardware and perpetual software licenses are distinct performance obligations where revenue is recognized upfront upon transfer of control. Term software licenses include multiple performance obligations where the term licenses are recognized upfront upon transfer of control, with the associated software maintenance revenue recognized ratably over the contract term as services and software updates are provided. SaaS arrangements do not include the right for the customer to take possession of the software during the term, and therefore have one distinct performance obligation which is satisfied over time with revenue recognized ratably over the contract term as the customer consumes the services. On our product sales, we record consideration from shipping and handling on a gross basis within net product sales. We record our revenue net of any associated sales taxes. An allowance for future sales returns is established based on historical trends in product return rates and the related provision is recorded as a reduction to revenue.
Revenue is allocated among these performance obligations in a manner that reflects the consideration that we expect to be entitled to for the promised goods or services based on standalone selling prices (SSP). SSP is estimated for each distinct performance obligation and judgment may be required in their determination. The best evidence of SSP is the observable price of a product or service when we sell the goods separately in similar circumstances and to similar customers. In instances where SSP is not directly observable, we determine SSP using information that may include market conditions and other observable inputs.
We assess relevant contractual terms in our customer contracts to determine the transaction price. We apply judgment in identifying contractual terms and determining the transaction price as we may be required to estimate variable consideration when determining the amount of revenue to recognize. Variable consideration includes potential contractual penalties and various rebate, cooperative marketing and other incentive programs that we offer to our distributors, channel partners and direct sale customers. When determining the amount of revenue to recognize, we estimate the expected usage of these programs, applying the expected value or most likely estimate and update the estimate at each reporting period as actual utilization becomes available. We also consider the customers’ right of return in determining the transaction price, where applicable.
We assess certain software licenses, such as for security software, that contain critical updates or upgrades which customers can download throughout the contract term. Without these updates or upgrades, the functionality of the software would diminish over a relatively short time period. These updates or upgrades provide the customer the full functionality of the purchased security software licenses and are required to maintain the security license’s utility as the risks and threats in the environment are rapidly changing. In these circumstances, the revenue from these software arrangements is recognized as a single performance obligation satisfied over the contract term.
(r) Advertising Costs  We expense advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs included within sales and marketing expenses were approximately $186 million, $210 million, and $205 million for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
(s) Share-Based Compensation Expense  We measure and recognize the compensation expense for all share-based awards made to employees and directors, including restricted stock units (RSUs), performance-based restricted stock units (PRSUs), employee stock purchases related to the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Employee Stock Purchase Rights) and employee stock options based on estimated fair values. Share-based compensation expense is reduced for forfeitures as they occur.
(t) Software Development Costs  Software development costs, including costs to develop software sold, leased, or otherwise marketed, that are incurred subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility are capitalized. Costs incurred during the application development stage for internal-use software and cloud-based applications are capitalized. Such software development costs capitalized during the periods presented were not material.
(u) Income Taxes  Income tax expense is based on pretax financial accounting income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that will more likely than not be realized.
We account for uncertainty in income taxes using a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. We classify the liability for unrecognized tax benefits as current to the extent that we anticipate payment (or receipt) of cash within one year. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recognized in the provision for income taxes.
(v) Computation of Net Income per Share  Basic net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted shares outstanding includes the dilutive effect of in-the-money options, unvested restricted stock, and restricted stock units. The dilutive effect of such equity awards is calculated based on the average share price for each fiscal period using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the amount the employee must pay for exercising stock options and the amount of compensation cost for future service that we have not yet recognized are collectively assumed to be used to repurchase shares.
(w) Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities  Our approach in assessing the consolidation requirement for variable interest entities focuses on identifying which enterprise has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the variable interest entity’s economic performance and which enterprise has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the variable interest entity. Should we conclude that we are the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity, the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of the variable interest entity will be included in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
(x) Use of Estimates  The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are used for the following, among others:
Revenue recognition
Allowances for accounts receivable, sales returns, and financing receivables
Inventory valuation and liability for purchase commitments with contract manufacturers and suppliers
Loss contingencies and product warranties
Fair value measurements
Valuation of goodwill and purchased intangible assets
Income taxes
The actual results that we experience may differ materially from our estimates.
(y) Recent Accounting Updates Recently Adopted
Segment Reporting In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an accounting standard update that expands the disclosure requirements for reportable segments, primarily through enhanced disclosures around significant segment expenses. We adopted this accounting standard update for our fiscal 2025 Form 10-K with comparative periods updated to reflect additional disclosures. See Note 19.
(z) Recent Accounting Standards or Updates Not Yet Effective as of Fiscal Year End
Improvements on Income Tax Disclosures In December 2023, the FASB issued an accounting standard update expanding the requirements for disclosure of disaggregated information about the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The accounting standard update will be effective for our fiscal 2026 Form 10-K. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard update on our income tax disclosures.
Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses In November 2024, the FASB issued an accounting standard update expanding the disclosure requirements about specific expense categories, primarily through disaggregated information on income statement line items. The accounting standard update will be effective for our fiscal 2028 Form 10-K, and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard update on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
v3.25.2
Revenue
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Revenue
(a)Disaggregation of Revenue
We disaggregate our revenue into groups of similar products and services that depict the nature, amount, and timing of revenue and cash flows for our various offerings. The sales cycle, contractual obligations, customer requirements, and go-to-market strategies differ for each of our product categories, resulting in different economic risk profiles for each category.
The following table presents this disaggregation of revenue (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Product revenue:
Networking$28,304 $29,229 $34,570 
Security8,094 5,075 3,859 
Collaboration4,154 4,113 4,052 
Observability1,055 837 661 
Total Product41,608 39,253 43,142 
Services15,046 14,550 13,856 
Total revenue$56,654 $53,803 $56,998 
Amounts may not sum due to rounding.
Networking consists of our core networking technologies of switching, routing, wireless, and servers. These technologies consist of both hardware and software offerings, including software licenses and SaaS. Our hardware and perpetual software in this category are distinct performance obligations where revenue is recognized upfront upon transfer of control. Term software licenses are multiple performance obligations where the term license is recognized upfront upon transfer of control with the associated software maintenance revenue recognized ratably over the contract term. SaaS arrangements in this category have one distinct performance obligation which is satisfied over time with revenue recognized ratably over the contract term.
Security consists of our Network Security, Identity and Access Management, SASE and Threat Intelligence, Detection, and Response offerings. These products consist of both hardware and software offerings, including software licenses and SaaS. Updates and upgrades for the term software licenses are critical for our software to perform its intended commercial purpose because of the continuous need for our software to secure our customers’ network environments against frequent threats. Therefore, security software licenses are generally represented by a single distinct performance obligation with revenue recognized ratably over the contract term. Our hardware and perpetual software in this category are distinct performance obligations where revenue is recognized upfront upon transfer of control. SaaS arrangements in this category have one distinct performance obligation which is satisfied over time with revenue recognized ratably over the contract term.
Collaboration consists of our Webex Suite, Collaboration Devices, Contact Center and CPaaS offerings. These products consist primarily of software offerings, including software licenses and SaaS, as well as hardware. Our perpetual software and hardware in this category are distinct performance obligations where revenue is recognized upfront upon transfer of control. Term software licenses are multiple performance obligations where the term license is recognized upfront upon transfer of control with the associated software maintenance revenue recognized ratably over the contract term. SaaS arrangements in this category have one distinct performance obligation which is satisfied over time with revenue recognized ratably over the contract term.
Observability consists of our network assurance, monitoring and analytics and observability suite offerings. These products consist primarily of software offerings, including software licenses and SaaS. Our perpetual software in this category are distinct performance obligations where revenue is recognized upfront upon transfer of control. Term software licenses are multiple performance obligations where the term license is recognized upfront upon transfer of control with the associated software maintenance revenue recognized ratably over the contract term. SaaS arrangements in this category have one distinct performance obligation which is satisfied over time with revenue recognized ratably over the contract term.
In addition to our product offerings, we provide a broad range of service and support options for our customers, including technical support services and advanced services. Technical support services represent the majority of these offerings which are distinct performance obligations that are satisfied over time with revenue recognized ratably over the contract term. Advanced services are distinct performance obligations that are satisfied over time with revenue recognized as services are delivered.
The sales arrangements as discussed above are typically made pursuant to customer purchase orders based on master purchase or partner agreements. Cash is received based on our standard payment terms which is typically 30 days. We provide financing
arrangements to customers for our hardware, software and service offerings. Refer to Note 9 for additional information. For these arrangements, cash is typically received over time.
Subscription revenue includes revenue recognized from our term software licenses, security software licenses, SaaS, and associated service arrangements. Our subscription revenue is recorded in product and services revenue in our Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Product$17,783 $14,078 $11,931 
Services13,743 13,302 12,709 
Total$31,526 $27,380 $24,640 
The majority of our product subscription revenue is recognized over time and the remainder is recognized upfront. Substantially all of our services subscription revenue is recognized over time based on the contract term.
(b)Contract Balances
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable, net was $6.7 billion as of each of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, as reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The allowances for credit loss for our accounts receivable are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Allowance for credit loss at beginning of fiscal year$87 $85 $83 
Provisions33 36 39 
Recoveries (write-offs), net(51)(34)(37)
Allowance for credit loss at end of fiscal year$69 $87 $85 
Contract Assets and Liabilities
Gross contract assets by our internal risk ratings are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
1 to 4$1,358 $1,266 
5 to 61,868 1,456 
7 and Higher73 72 
Total$3,299 $2,794 
Contract assets consist of unbilled receivables and are recorded when revenue is recognized in advance of scheduled billings to our customers. These amounts are primarily related to software and service arrangements where transfer of control has occurred but we have not yet invoiced. As of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, our contract assets for these unbilled receivables, net of allowances, were $3.2 billion and $2.7 billion, respectively, of which $1.7 billion and $1.4 billion, respectively, were included in other current assets, with remaining balances included in other assets.
Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue. Deferred revenue was $28.8 billion as of July 26, 2025 compared to $28.5 billion as of July 27, 2024. We recognized approximately $16.1 billion of revenue during fiscal 2025 that was included in the deferred revenue balance at July 27, 2024.
(c)Capitalized Contract Acquisition Costs
We capitalize direct and incremental costs incurred to acquire contracts, primarily sales commissions, for which the associated revenue is expected to be recognized in future periods. We incur these costs in connection with both initial contracts and renewals. These costs are initially deferred and typically amortized over the term of the customer contract which corresponds to the period of benefit. Capitalized contract acquisition costs were $1.5 billion and $1.3 billion as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively, and were included in other current assets and other assets. The amortization expense associated with these costs was $957 million, $742 million, and $723 million for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively, and was included in sales and marketing expenses.
v3.25.2
Acquisitions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, Transaction between Entities under Common Control, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]  
Acquisitions Acquisitions
(a) Fiscal 2025 Acquisitions Summary
Allocation of the total purchase consideration for acquisitions we completed during fiscal 2025 is summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal 2025Purchase ConsiderationNet Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)Purchased Intangible AssetsGoodwill
Total acquisitions$293 $(21)$121 $193 
The total purchase consideration of $293 million related to our acquisitions completed during fiscal 2025 consisted primarily of cash consideration. The total cash and cash equivalents acquired from these acquisitions was approximately $15 million.
The purchase price allocation for acquisitions completed during fiscal 2025 is preliminary and subject to revision as additional information about fair value of assets and liabilities become available. Additional information that existed as of the acquisition date but is currently unknown to us may become known during the remainder of the measurement period, a period not to exceed 12 months from the acquisition date.
(b) Fiscal 2024 Acquisitions Summary
Allocation of the total purchase consideration for acquisitions we completed during fiscal 2024 is summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal 2024Purchase ConsiderationNet Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)Purchased Intangible AssetsGoodwill
Splunk$27,090 $(2,761)$10,550 $19,301 
Other acquisitions1,370 (47)500 917 
Total acquisitions$28,460 $(2,808)$11,050 $20,218 
Acquisition of Splunk Inc.
On March 18, 2024, we completed the acquisition of Splunk Inc. (“Splunk”), a public cybersecurity and observability company. Under the terms of the agreement, we agreed to pay $157 per share in cash, representing approximately $27 billion in merger consideration.
Purchase Consideration
The following table summarizes the purchase consideration for the Splunk acquisition (in millions):
Amount
Cash paid for outstanding Splunk common stock$26,950 
Fair value of converted Splunk equity awards attributable to pre-acquisition services137 
Settlement of pre-existing relationships
Total purchase consideration$27,090 
Allocation of the total purchase consideration for Splunk is presented as follows (in millions):
Amount
Cash and cash equivalents$2,422 
Investments285 
Accounts receivable, net623 
Goodwill19,301 
Purchased intangible assets10,550 
Deferred tax assets1,308 
Other current and noncurrent assets1,176 
Accounts payable(39)
Accrued compensation(337)
Current portion of deferred revenue(1,768)
Splunk convertible notes(3,344)
Deferred tax liabilities(2,523)
Noncurrent portion of deferred revenue(86)
Other current and other noncurrent liabilities(478)
Total$27,090 
Our Consolidated Statements of Operations for fiscal 2024 includes revenue of approximately $1.4 billion and a net loss of $557 million attributable to Splunk since the date of acquisition.
We incurred $82 million of transaction costs related to the Splunk acquisition and these costs were expensed as incurred in G&A in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. We incurred $79 million of these transaction costs in fiscal 2024.
The goodwill generated from Splunk is primarily related to expected synergies. Goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. Refer to Note 5. Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets for details about our intangible assets acquired through the Splunk acquisition.
Pro forma Financial Information
The unaudited pro forma financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of our operations and Splunk’s operations, as though the acquisition of Splunk had been completed as of the beginning of fiscal 2023. The pro forma financial information for fiscal 2024 combines our results for this period with the results of Splunk for the period beginning August 1, 2023, through July 27, 2024. The pro forma financial information for fiscal 2023 combines our historical results for that period with the historical results of Splunk for the year ended July 31, 2023.
The following table summarizes the pro forma financial information (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Total revenue$56,761 $60,841 
Net income$9,280 $10,078 
The pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition and the cost of financing the acquisition had taken place at the beginning of fiscal 2023. The financial information for the periods presented above includes pro forma adjustments for amortization of purchased intangible assets, costs related to financing the acquisition and transaction costs.
Other 2024 Acquisitions
The total purchase consideration of $1.4 billion related to the other acquisitions we completed during fiscal 2024 consisted primarily of cash consideration. The total cash and cash equivalents acquired from these other acquisitions was approximately $24 million.
(c) Fiscal 2023 Acquisitions
Allocation of the total purchase consideration for acquisitions completed during fiscal 2023 is summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal 2023Purchase ConsiderationNet Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)Purchased Intangible AssetsGoodwill
Total acquisitions$315 $(18)$150 $183 
The total purchase consideration related to our acquisitions completed during fiscal 2023 consisted of cash consideration and vested share-based awards assumed. The total cash and cash equivalents acquired from these acquisitions was approximately $7 million.
(d) Compensation Expense Related to Acquisitions
In connection with our acquisitions, we have agreed to pay certain additional amounts contingent upon the continued employment with Cisco of certain employees of the acquired entities.
The following table summarizes the compensation expense related to acquisitions (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Compensation expense related to acquisitions$876 $618 $222 
As of July 26, 2025, we estimated that future cash compensation expense of up to $618 million may be required to be recognized pursuant to these applicable acquisition agreements.
(e) Other Acquisition and Divestiture Information
Total transaction costs related to acquisition and divestiture activities during fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, inclusive of Splunk, were $12 million, $104 million and $26 million, respectively. These transaction costs were expensed as incurred in G&A in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The goodwill generated from acquisitions completed during fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023 is primarily related to expected synergies. The goodwill is generally not deductible for income tax purposes.
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the operating results of each acquisition from the date of acquisition. Pro forma results of operations and the revenue and net income subsequent to the acquisition date for the acquisitions completed during fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, with the exception of Splunk, have not been presented because the effects of the acquisitions were not material to our financial results.
v3.25.2
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets
(a)Goodwill
The following tables present the goodwill allocated to our reportable segments as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, as well as the changes to goodwill during fiscal 2025 and 2024 (in millions):
Balance at July 27, 2024Acquisitions, net of DivestituresForeign Currency Translation and OtherBalance at July 26, 2025
Americas$36,169 $121 $178 $36,468 
EMEA14,283 47 67 14,397 
APJC8,208 23 40 8,271 
Total$58,660 $191 $285 $59,136 
 Balance at July 29, 2023SplunkOther AcquisitionsForeign Currency Translation
and Other
Balance at July 27, 2024
Americas$24,035 $11,619 $573 $(58)$36,169 
EMEA9,118 4,980 207 (22)14,283 
APJC5,382 2,702 137 (13)8,208 
Total$38,535 $19,301 $917 $(93)$58,660 
(b)Purchased Intangible Assets     
The following tables present details of our intangible assets acquired through acquisitions completed during fiscal 2025 and 2024 (in millions, except years):
 FINITE LIVESINDEFINITE
LIVES
TOTAL
 CUSTOMER
RELATED
TECHNOLOGYTRADE NAMEIPR&D
Fiscal 2025Weighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountAmountAmount
Total acquisitions3.5$16 3.8$105  $ $ $121 
 FINITE LIVESINDEFINITE
LIVES
TOTAL
 CUSTOMER
RELATED
TECHNOLOGYTRADE NAMEIPR&D
Fiscal 2024Weighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountAmountAmount
Splunk9.1$6,140 6.0$3,900 12.0$510 $— $10,550 
Others4.983 4.8400 1.314 500 
Total acquisitions$6,223 $4,300 $513 $14 $11,050 
The following tables present details of our purchased intangible assets (in millions): 
July 26, 2025GrossAccumulated AmortizationNet
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:
Customer related$6,341 $(1,268)$5,073 
Technology5,254 (1,606)3,648 
Trade name526 (72)454 
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives12,121 (2,946)9,175 
In-process research and development, with indefinite lives   
Total$12,121 $(2,946)$9,175 
July 27, 2024GrossAccumulated AmortizationNet
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:
Customer related$6,844 $(829)$6,015 
Technology6,680 (2,006)4,674 
Trade name553 (49)504 
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives14,077 (2,884)11,193 
In-process research and development, with indefinite lives26 — 26 
Total$14,103 $(2,884)$11,219 
Purchased intangible assets include intangible assets acquired through acquisitions as well as through direct purchases or licenses.
Impairment charges related to purchased intangible assets were $40 million for fiscal 2025 and $145 million for fiscal 2024. Impairment charges were as a result of declines in estimated fair value resulting from the reductions in or the elimination of expected future cash flows associated with certain in-process research and development and technology intangible assets.
The following table presents the amortization of purchased intangible assets, including impairment charges (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Amortization of purchased intangible assets:
Cost of sales$1,174 $955 $649 
Operating expenses1,028 698 282 
Total$2,202 $1,653 $931 
The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets with finite lives as of July 26, 2025 is as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$1,828 
20271,480 
20281,401 
20291,275 
2030991 
Thereafter2,200 
Total$9,175 
v3.25.2
Restructuring and Other Charges
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Restructuring Charges [Abstract]  
Restructuring and Other Charges Restructuring and Other Charges
In the first quarter of fiscal 2025, we announced a restructuring plan (the “Fiscal 2025 Plan”), in order to allow us to invest in key growth opportunities and drive more efficiencies in our business. The Fiscal 2025 Plan is expected to impact approximately 7% of our global workforce, with estimated pre-tax charges of up to $1 billion consisting of severance and other one-time termination benefits, and other costs. In connection with the Fiscal 2025 Plan, we incurred charges of $744 million in fiscal 2025 and the plan is expected to be substantially completed in the second quarter of fiscal 2026. The aggregate pre-tax charges are primarily cash-based and consist of severance and other one-time termination benefits, and other costs.
We initiated a restructuring plan in fiscal 2024 (the “Fiscal 2024 Plan”), in order to realign the organization and enable further investment in key priority areas. In connection with the Fiscal 2024 Plan, we incurred cumulative charges of $654 million and the plan is complete. The aggregate pretax charges related to this plan were primarily cash-based and consist of severance and other one-time termination benefits and other costs.
We initiated a restructuring plan in fiscal 2023 (the “Fiscal 2023 Plan”), which was completed in fiscal 2024. In connection with the Fiscal 2023 Plan, we incurred cumulative charges of $670 million and the plan is complete. The aggregate pretax charges related to this plan were primarily cash-based and consist of severance and other one-time termination benefits, real estate-related charges, and other costs.
The following table summarizes the activities related to our restructuring liability, which is included in other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions):
FISCAL 2025 PLANFISCAL 2024 AND
PRIOR PLANS
Employee SeveranceOtherEmployee
Severance
OtherTotal
Liability as of July 30, 2022$— $— $$$
Charges — — 465 66 531 
Cash payments— — (302)(12)(314)
Non-cash items— — (15)(13)
Liability as of July 29, 2023— — 167 46 213 
Charges — — 731 58 789 
Cash payments— — (677)(14)(691)
Non-cash items— — — (37)(37)
Liability as of July 27, 2024  221 53 274 
Charges617 127   744 
Cash payments(582)(9)(170)(9)(770)
Non-cash items31 (72)(29)(31)(101)
Liability as of July 26, 2025$66 $46 $22 $13 $147 
v3.25.2
Balance Sheet and Other Details
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Balance Sheet and Other Details Balance Sheet and Other Details
The following tables provide details of selected balance sheet and other items (in millions, except percentages):
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents$8,346 $7,508 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents included in other current assets564 765 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents included in other assets 569 
Total$8,910 $8,842 
Our restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents are funds primarily related to contractual obligations with suppliers.
Inventories
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Raw materials$1,744 $2,039 
Work in process261 83 
Finished goods933 1,027 
Service-related spares220 216 
Demonstration systems6 
Total$3,164 $3,373 
Property and Equipment, Net
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Gross property and equipment:
Land, buildings, and building and leasehold improvements$4,045 $4,247 
Production, engineering, computer and other equipment and related software5,178 5,160 
Operating lease assets51 115 
Furniture, fixtures and other316 351 
Total gross property and equipment9,590 9,873 
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization(7,477)(7,783)
Total$2,113 $2,090 
Remaining Performance Obligations (RPO)
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Product$21,572 $20,055 
Services21,961 20,993 
Total$43,533 $41,048 
Short-term RPO$21,723 $20,882 
Long-term RPO21,810 20,166 
Total$43,533 $41,048 
Amount to be recognized as revenue over the next 12 months
50 %51 %
Deferred revenue$28,779 $28,475 
Unbilled contract revenue14,754 12,573 
Total$43,533 $41,048 
Unbilled contract revenue represents noncancelable contracts for which we have not invoiced, have an obligation to perform, and revenue has not yet been recognized in the financial statements.
Deferred Revenue
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Product$13,490 $13,219 
Services15,289 15,256 
Total$28,779 $28,475 
Reported as:
Current$16,416 $16,249 
Noncurrent12,363 12,226 
Total$28,779 $28,475 
Transition Tax Payable
Our income tax payable associated with the one-time U.S. transition tax on accumulated earnings for foreign subsidiaries as a result of the Tax Act is as follows:
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Current$1,595 $1,819 
Noncurrent— 2,273 
Total$1,595 $4,092 
Our remaining transition tax payable as of July 26, 2025 has been reduced to reflect the transition tax benefit of the U.S. Tax Court opinion in Varian Medical Systems, Inc. v. Commissioner. See Note 18.
v3.25.2
Leases
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases
(a)Lessee Arrangements
The following table presents our operating lease balances (in millions):
Balance Sheet Line ItemJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Operating lease ROU assetsOther assets$1,301 $1,066 
Operating lease liabilitiesOther current liabilities$375 $364 
Operating lease liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities1,175 906 
Total operating lease liabilities$1,550 $1,270 
The components of our lease expenses were as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Operating lease expense$495 $420 $425 
Short-term lease expense77 75 65 
Variable lease expense191 194 242 
Total lease expense$763 $689 $732 
Supplemental information related to our operating leases is as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities — operating cash flows $457 $394 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating leases liabilities$660 $459 
The weighted-average lease term was 5.7 years and 4.9 years as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively. The weighted-average discount rate was 4.1% and 4.0% as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively.
The maturities of our operating leases (undiscounted) as of July 26, 2025 are as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$429 
2027322 
2028247 
2029200 
2030181 
Thereafter369 
Total lease payments1,748 
Less interest(198)
Total$1,550 
(b)Lessor Arrangements
Our leases primarily represent sales-type leases with terms of four years on average. We provide leasing of our equipment and complementary third-party products primarily through our channel partners and distributors, for which the income arising from these leases is recognized through interest income. Interest income for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $66 million, $65 million and $51 million, respectively, and was included in interest income in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The net investment of our lease receivables is measured at the commencement date as the gross lease receivable, residual value less unearned income and allowance for credit loss. For additional information, see Note 9.
Future minimum lease payments on our lease receivables as of July 26, 2025 are summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$342 
2027163 
2028234 
2029177 
203034 
Thereafter32 
Total982 
Less: Present value of lease payments883 
Unearned income$99 
Actual cash collections may differ from the contractual maturities due to early customer buyouts, refinancings, or defaults.
We provide financing of certain equipment through operating leases, and the amounts are included in property and equipment in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts relating to equipment on operating lease assets held by us and the associated accumulated depreciation are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Operating lease assets$51 $115 
Accumulated depreciation(17)(61)
Operating lease assets, net$34 $54 
Our operating lease income for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $37 million, $58 million and $73 million, respectively, and was included in product revenue in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Minimum future rentals on noncancelable operating leases as of July 26, 2025 are summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$16 
2027
2028
Total$25 
Leases Leases
(a)Lessee Arrangements
The following table presents our operating lease balances (in millions):
Balance Sheet Line ItemJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Operating lease ROU assetsOther assets$1,301 $1,066 
Operating lease liabilitiesOther current liabilities$375 $364 
Operating lease liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities1,175 906 
Total operating lease liabilities$1,550 $1,270 
The components of our lease expenses were as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Operating lease expense$495 $420 $425 
Short-term lease expense77 75 65 
Variable lease expense191 194 242 
Total lease expense$763 $689 $732 
Supplemental information related to our operating leases is as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities — operating cash flows $457 $394 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating leases liabilities$660 $459 
The weighted-average lease term was 5.7 years and 4.9 years as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively. The weighted-average discount rate was 4.1% and 4.0% as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively.
The maturities of our operating leases (undiscounted) as of July 26, 2025 are as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$429 
2027322 
2028247 
2029200 
2030181 
Thereafter369 
Total lease payments1,748 
Less interest(198)
Total$1,550 
(b)Lessor Arrangements
Our leases primarily represent sales-type leases with terms of four years on average. We provide leasing of our equipment and complementary third-party products primarily through our channel partners and distributors, for which the income arising from these leases is recognized through interest income. Interest income for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $66 million, $65 million and $51 million, respectively, and was included in interest income in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The net investment of our lease receivables is measured at the commencement date as the gross lease receivable, residual value less unearned income and allowance for credit loss. For additional information, see Note 9.
Future minimum lease payments on our lease receivables as of July 26, 2025 are summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$342 
2027163 
2028234 
2029177 
203034 
Thereafter32 
Total982 
Less: Present value of lease payments883 
Unearned income$99 
Actual cash collections may differ from the contractual maturities due to early customer buyouts, refinancings, or defaults.
We provide financing of certain equipment through operating leases, and the amounts are included in property and equipment in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts relating to equipment on operating lease assets held by us and the associated accumulated depreciation are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Operating lease assets$51 $115 
Accumulated depreciation(17)(61)
Operating lease assets, net$34 $54 
Our operating lease income for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $37 million, $58 million and $73 million, respectively, and was included in product revenue in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Minimum future rentals on noncancelable operating leases as of July 26, 2025 are summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$16 
2027
2028
Total$25 
Leases Leases
(a)Lessee Arrangements
The following table presents our operating lease balances (in millions):
Balance Sheet Line ItemJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Operating lease ROU assetsOther assets$1,301 $1,066 
Operating lease liabilitiesOther current liabilities$375 $364 
Operating lease liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities1,175 906 
Total operating lease liabilities$1,550 $1,270 
The components of our lease expenses were as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Operating lease expense$495 $420 $425 
Short-term lease expense77 75 65 
Variable lease expense191 194 242 
Total lease expense$763 $689 $732 
Supplemental information related to our operating leases is as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities — operating cash flows $457 $394 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating leases liabilities$660 $459 
The weighted-average lease term was 5.7 years and 4.9 years as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively. The weighted-average discount rate was 4.1% and 4.0% as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively.
The maturities of our operating leases (undiscounted) as of July 26, 2025 are as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$429 
2027322 
2028247 
2029200 
2030181 
Thereafter369 
Total lease payments1,748 
Less interest(198)
Total$1,550 
(b)Lessor Arrangements
Our leases primarily represent sales-type leases with terms of four years on average. We provide leasing of our equipment and complementary third-party products primarily through our channel partners and distributors, for which the income arising from these leases is recognized through interest income. Interest income for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $66 million, $65 million and $51 million, respectively, and was included in interest income in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The net investment of our lease receivables is measured at the commencement date as the gross lease receivable, residual value less unearned income and allowance for credit loss. For additional information, see Note 9.
Future minimum lease payments on our lease receivables as of July 26, 2025 are summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$342 
2027163 
2028234 
2029177 
203034 
Thereafter32 
Total982 
Less: Present value of lease payments883 
Unearned income$99 
Actual cash collections may differ from the contractual maturities due to early customer buyouts, refinancings, or defaults.
We provide financing of certain equipment through operating leases, and the amounts are included in property and equipment in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts relating to equipment on operating lease assets held by us and the associated accumulated depreciation are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Operating lease assets$51 $115 
Accumulated depreciation(17)(61)
Operating lease assets, net$34 $54 
Our operating lease income for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $37 million, $58 million and $73 million, respectively, and was included in product revenue in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Minimum future rentals on noncancelable operating leases as of July 26, 2025 are summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$16 
2027
2028
Total$25 
v3.25.2
Financing Receivables
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Receivables [Abstract]  
Financing Receivables Financing Receivables
(a)Financing Receivables
Financing receivables primarily consist of loan receivables and lease receivables. Loan receivables represent financing arrangements related to the sale of our hardware, software, and services (including technical support and advanced services), and also may include additional funding for other costs associated with network installation and integration of our products and services. Loan receivables have terms of one year to three years on average. Lease receivables represent sales-type leases resulting from the sale of Cisco’s and complementary third-party products and are typically collateralized by a security interest in the underlying assets. Lease receivables consist of arrangements with terms of four years on average.
A summary of our financing receivables is presented as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025Loan ReceivablesLease ReceivablesTotal
Gross$5,628 $982 $6,610 
Residual value 66 66 
Unearned income (99)(99)
Allowance for credit loss(37)(13)(50)
Total, net$5,591 $936 $6,527 
Reported as:
Current$2,715 $346 $3,061 
Noncurrent2,876 590 3,466 
Total, net$5,591 $936 $6,527 
July 27, 2024Loan ReceivablesLease ReceivablesTotal
Gross$5,858 $965 $6,823 
Residual value— 67 67 
Unearned income— (111)(111)
Allowance for credit loss(50)(15)(65)
Total, net$5,808 $906 $6,714 
Reported as:
Current$3,071 $267 $3,338 
Noncurrent2,737 639 3,376 
Total, net$5,808 $906 $6,714 
(b)Credit Quality of Financing Receivables
The tables below present our gross financing receivables, excluding residual value, less unearned income, categorized by our internal credit risk rating by period of origination (in millions):
July 26, 2025Fiscal Year
Internal Credit Risk RatingPriorJuly 31, 2021July 30, 2022July 29, 2023July 27, 2024July 26, 2025Total
Loan Receivables:
1 to 4$2 $83 $236 $371 $1,258 $1,556 $3,506 
5 to 62 56 53 167 561 1,248 2,087 
7 and Higher  6 9 4 16 35 
Total Loan Receivables$4 $139 $295 $547 $1,823 $2,820 $5,628 
Lease Receivables:
1 to 4$ $9 $23 $112 $187 $207 $538 
5 to 6 6 25 77 120 103 331 
7 and Higher  1 3 8 2 14 
Total Lease Receivables$ $15 $49 $192 $315 $312 $883 
Total$4 $154 $344 $739 $2,138 $3,132 $6,511 
July 27, 2024Fiscal Year
Internal Credit Risk RatingPriorJuly 25, 2020July 31, 2021July 30, 2022July 29, 2023July 27, 2024Total
Loan Receivables:
1 to 4$$78 $341 $555 $945 $1,803 $3,724 
5 to 629 127 130 426 1,314 2,028 
7 and Higher10 74 14 106 
Total Loan Receivables$$108 $478 $759 $1,385 $3,121 $5,858 
Lease Receivables:
1 to 4$$$38 $46 $176 $341 $610 
5 to 611 22 44 129 21 228 
7 and Higher— — 16 
Total Lease Receivables$$19 $61 $93 $309 $370 $854 
Total$$127 $539 $852 $1,694 $3,491 $6,712 

The following tables present the aging analysis of gross receivables as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024 (in millions):
DAYS PAST DUE
(INCLUDES BILLED AND UNBILLED)
July 26, 202531 - 6061 - 90 91+Total
Past Due
CurrentTotal120+ Still AccruingNonaccrual
Financing
Receivables
Impaired
Financing
Receivables
Loan receivables$18 $18 $16 $52 $5,576 $5,628 $4 $5 $5 
Lease receivables7 3 6 16 867 883 4 1 1 
Total$25 $21 $22 $68 $6,443 $6,511 $8 $6 $6 
DAYS PAST DUE
(INCLUDES BILLED AND UNBILLED)
July 27, 202431 - 6061 - 90 91+Total
Past Due
CurrentTotal120+ Still AccruingNonaccrual
Financing
Receivables
Impaired
Financing
Receivables
Loan receivables$34 $17 $35 $86 $5,772 $5,858 $14 $$
Lease receivables14 23 831 854 — — 
Total$48 $21 $40 $109 $6,603 $6,712 $15 $$
Past due financing receivables are those that are 31 days or more past due according to their contractual payment terms. The data in the preceding tables is presented by contract, and the aging classification of each contract is based on the oldest outstanding receivable, and therefore past due amounts also include unbilled and current receivables within the same contract.
(c)Allowance for Credit Loss Rollforward
The allowances for credit loss and the related financing receivables are summarized as follows (in millions):
 CREDIT LOSS ALLOWANCES
 Loan
Receivables
Lease
Receivables
Total
Allowance for credit loss as of July 27, 2024$50 $15 $65 
Provisions (benefits)(6)(3)(9)
Recoveries (write-offs), net(9) (9)
Foreign exchange and other2 1 3 
Allowance for credit loss as of July 26, 2025$37 $13 $50 
 CREDIT LOSS ALLOWANCES
 Loan
Receivables
Lease
Receivables
Total
Allowance for credit loss as of July 29, 2023$53 $19 $72 
Provisions (benefits)(3)(2)
Recoveries (write-offs), net(4)(1)(5)
Allowance for credit loss as of July 27, 2024$50 $15 $65 
CREDIT LOSS ALLOWANCES
Loan
Receivables
Lease
Receivables
Total
Allowance for credit loss as of July 30, 2022$103 $23 $126 
Provisions (benefits)(7)(1)(8)
Recoveries (write-offs), net(38)(3)(41)
Foreign exchange and other(5)— (5)
Allowance for credit loss as of July 29, 2023$53 $19 $72 
v3.25.2
Investments
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investments Investments
(a)Summary of Available-for-Sale Debt Investments
The following tables summarize our available-for-sale debt investments (in millions):
July 26, 2025Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized and Credit Losses
Fair
Value
U.S. government securities
$1,971 $2 $(12)$1,961 
U.S. government agency securities 67   67 
Non-U.S. government and agency securities458   458 
Corporate debt securities3,138 13 (61)3,090 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities320  (34)286 
Commercial paper950   950 
Certificates of deposit569   569 
Total$7,473 $15 $(107)$7,381 

July 27, 2024Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized and Credit Losses
Fair
Value
U.S. government securities
$2,380 $$(28)$2,353 
U.S. government agency securities 223 — (2)221 
Non-U.S. government and agency securities370 — 371 
Corporate debt securities3,818 (146)3,677 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities1,959 — (178)1,781 
Commercial paper1,023 — — 1,023 
Certificates of deposit439 — — 439 
Total$10,212 $$(354)$9,865 
The following table presents the gross realized gains and gross realized losses related to available-for-sale debt investments (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Gross realized gains$10 $$
Gross realized losses(110)(74)(25)
Total$(100)$(67)$(21)
The following tables present the breakdown of the available-for-sale debt investments with gross unrealized losses and the duration that those losses had been unrealized at July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024 (in millions):
 UNREALIZED LOSSES
LESS THAN 12 MONTHS
UNREALIZED LOSSES
12 MONTHS OR GREATER
TOTAL
July 26, 2025Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross 
Unrealized 
Losses
U.S. government securities$1,076 $(6)$302 $(6)$1,378 $(12)
U.S. government agency securities8  21  29  
Non-U.S. government and agency securities292    292  
Corporate debt securities106  1,800 (35)1,906 (35)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities5  279 (34)284 (34)
Commercial paper30    30  
Total$1,517 $(6)$2,402 $(75)$3,919 $(81)
 UNREALIZED LOSSES
LESS THAN 12 MONTHS
UNREALIZED LOSSES
12 MONTHS OR GREATER
TOTAL
July 27, 2024Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross 
Unrealized 
Losses
U.S. government securities$598 $(2)$1,399 $(26)$1,997 $(28)
U.S. government agency securities89 — 109 (2)198 (2)
Non-U.S. government and agency securities17 — — — 17 — 
Corporate debt securities276 (1)2,818 (115)3,094 (116)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities238 (1)1,438 (177)1,676 (178)
Commercial paper10 — — — 10 — 
Total$1,228 $(4)$5,764 $(320)$6,992 $(324)
The following table summarizes the maturities of our available-for-sale debt investments as of July 26, 2025 (in millions): 
Amortized CostFair Value
Within 1 year$3,959 $3,911 
After 1 year through 5 years3,194 3,184 
Mortgage-backed securities with no single maturity320 286 
Total$7,473 $7,381 
Actual maturities may differ from the contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay certain obligations.
(b)Marketable Equity Securities
We held marketable equity securities of $383 million and $481 million as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively. We recognized net unrealized gains of $108 million, $71 million and $36 million for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively, on our marketable securities still held as of the reporting date.
(c) Investments in Privately Held Companies
The carrying value of our investments in privately held companies was $1.9 billion and $1.8 billion as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively. We have total funding commitments of $0.3 billion related to privately held investments. The carrying value of these investments and the additional funding commitments, collectively, represent our maximum exposure related to privately held investments.
Investments in privately held companies measured using the measurement alternative had a carrying value of $0.6 billion as of each of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024. We recorded adjustments to the carrying value of our investments in privately held companies measured using the measurement alternative as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Cumulative upward adjustments$195 $207 
Cumulative downward adjustments, including impairments(597)(537)
Net adjustments$(402)$(330)
We held equity interests in certain private equity funds of $0.7 billion and $0.8 billion as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively, which are accounted for under the NAV practical expedient.
Of the total carrying value of our investments in privately held companies as of July 26, 2025, $0.8 billion of such investments are considered to be in variable interest entities which are unconsolidated.
Certain of our investments in privately held companies are required to be consolidated under the voting interest entity model. The noncontrolling interest attributed to these investments was $162 million and $99 million as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively, and is included in the equity section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The share of earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest attributed to these investments is not material for any of the fiscal years presented and is included in other income (loss), net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
v3.25.2
Fair Value
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Fair Value
(a)Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (in millions):
JULY 26, 2025JULY 27, 2024
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTSFAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Level 1Level 2Total
Balance
Level 1Level 2Total
Balance
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds$5,885 $ $5,885 $3,334 $— $3,334 
Commercial paper 336 336 — 468 468 
Certificates of deposit   — 14 14 
Corporate debt securities 1 1 — 25 25 
Available-for-sale debt investments:
U.S. government securities 1,961 1,961 — 2,353 2,353 
U.S. government agency securities 67 67 — 221 221 
Non-U.S. government and agency securities 458 458 — 371 371 
Corporate debt securities 3,090 3,090 — 3,677 3,677 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities 286 286 — 1,781 1,781 
Commercial paper 950 950 — 1,023 1,023 
Certificates of deposit 569 569 — 439 439 
Equity investments:
Marketable equity securities383  383 481 — 481 
Other current assets:
Money market funds563  563 750 — 750 
Other assets:
Money market funds   563 — 563 
Derivative assets 32 32 — 64 64 
Total$6,831 $7,750 $14,581 $5,128 $10,436 $15,564 
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities$ $31 $31 $— $74 $74 
Total$ $31 $31 $— $74 $74 
(b)Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Our non-marketable equity securities using the measurement alternative are adjusted to fair value on a non-recurring basis. Adjustments are made when observable transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer occur, or due to impairment. These securities are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy because we estimate the value based on valuation methods using the observable transaction price at the transaction date and other unobservable inputs such as volatility, rights, and obligations of the securities we hold.
The fair value for purchased intangible assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis was categorized as Level 3 due to the use of significant unobservable inputs in the valuation. Significant unobservable inputs that were used included expected revenues and net income related to the assets and the expected life of the assets. The difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of the assets was recorded as an impairment charge, which was included in product cost of sales and operating expenses as applicable. See Note 5.
(c) Other Fair Value Disclosures
The fair value of our short-term loan receivables approximates their carrying value due to their short duration. The aggregate carrying value of our long-term loan receivables as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024 was $2.9 billion and $2.7 billion,
respectively. The estimated fair value of our long-term loan receivables approximates their carrying value. We use unobservable inputs in determining discounted cash flows to estimate the fair value of our long-term loan receivables, and therefore they are categorized as Level 3.
As of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, the estimated fair value of our short-term debt approximates its carrying value due to the short maturities. As of July 26, 2025, the fair value of our senior notes was $25.0 billion, with a carrying amount of $24.6 billion. This compares to a fair value of $20.4 billion and a carrying amount of $20.1 billion as of July 27, 2024. The fair value of the senior notes was determined based on observable market prices in a less active market and was categorized as Level 2.
v3.25.2
Borrowings
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Borrowings Borrowings
(a)Short-Term Debt
The following table summarizes our short-term debt (in millions, except percentages):
 July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
 AmountEffective RateAmountEffective Rate
Current portion of senior notes$1,749 4.15 %$488 6.66 %
Commercial paper3,482 4.37 %10,853 5.43 %
Current portion of other debt1 1.13 %— — 
Total$5,232 $11,341 
We have a short-term debt financing program of up to $15.0 billion through the issuance of commercial paper notes. We use the proceeds from the issuance of commercial paper notes for general corporate purposes.
The effective rates for the short- and long-term debt include the interest on the notes, the accretion of the discount, the issuance costs, and, if applicable, adjustments related to hedging.
(b)Long-Term Debt
The following table summarizes our long-term debt (in millions, except percentages):
 July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
 Maturity DateAmountEffective RateAmountEffective Rate
Senior notes:
Fixed-rate notes:
3.50%June 15, 2025$ $500 6.66%
4.90%February 26, 20261,000 5.00%1,000 5.00%
2.95%February 28, 2026750 3.01%750 3.01%
2.50%September 20, 20261,500 2.55%1,500 2.55%
4.80%February 26, 20272,000 4.90%2,000 4.90%
4.55%February 24, 20281,000 4.61%— 
4.85%February 26, 20292,500 4.91%2,500 4.91%
4.75%February 24, 20301,000 4.73%— 
4.95%February 26, 20312,500 5.04%2,500 5.04%
4.95%February 24, 20321,000 4.94%— 
5.05%February 26, 20342,500 4.97%2,500 4.97%
5.10%February 24, 20351,250 5.11%— 
5.90%February 15, 20392,000 6.11%2,000 6.11%
5.50%January 15, 20402,000 5.67%2,000 5.67%
5.30%February 26, 20542,000 5.28%2,000 5.28%
5.50%February 24, 2055750 5.49%— 
5.35%February 26, 20641,000 5.42%1,000 5.42%
Other debt3 1.13%1.13%
Total24,753 20,253 
Unaccreted discount/issuance costs(142)(133)
Hedge accounting fair value adjustments (11)
Total$24,611 $20,109 
Reported as:
Current portion of long-term debt$1,750 $488 
Long-term debt22,861 19,621 
Total$24,611 $20,109 
In February 2025, we issued senior notes for an aggregate principal amount of $5.0 billion.
Interest is payable semiannually on each class of the senior fixed-rate notes. Each of the senior fixed-rate notes is redeemable by us at any time, subject to a make-whole premium. The senior notes rank at par with the commercial paper notes that have been issued pursuant to our short-term debt financing program, as discussed above under “(a) Short-Term Debt.” As of July 26, 2025, we were in compliance with all debt covenants.
As of July 26, 2025, future principal payments for long-term debt, including the current portion, are summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$1,751 
20273,502 
20281,000 
20292,500 
20301,000 
Thereafter15,000 
Total$24,753 
(c)Credit Facility
On February 2, 2024, we entered into an amended and restated 5-year $5.0 billion unsecured revolving credit agreement. The interest rate for the credit agreement is determined based on a formula using certain market rates. The credit agreement requires that we comply with certain covenants, including that we maintain an interest coverage ratio (defined in the agreement as the ratio of consolidated EBITDA to consolidated interest expense) of not less than 3.0 to 1.0. As of July 26, 2025, we were in compliance with all associated covenants and we had not borrowed any funds under our credit agreement.
v3.25.2
Derivative Instruments
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Instruments Derivative Instruments
(a)Summary of Derivative Instruments
We use derivative instruments primarily to manage exposures to foreign currency exchange rate, interest rate, and equity price risks. Our primary objective in holding derivatives is to reduce the volatility of earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates, and equity prices. Our derivatives expose us to credit risk to the extent that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreement. We seek to mitigate such risks by limiting our counterparties to major financial institutions and requiring collateral in certain cases. In addition, the potential risk of loss with any one counterparty resulting from credit risk is monitored. Management does not expect material losses as a result of defaults by counterparties.
The fair values of our derivative instruments and the line items on the Consolidated Balance Sheets to which they were recorded are summarized as follows (in millions):
 DERIVATIVE ASSETSDERIVATIVE LIABILITIES
 Balance Sheet Line ItemJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024Balance Sheet Line ItemJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign currency derivativesOther current assets$17 $47 Other current liabilities$2 $
Foreign currency derivativesOther assets10 15 Other long-term liabilities2 — 
Interest rate derivativesOther current assets — Other current liabilities 11 
Total27 62 4 12 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign currency derivativesOther current assets3 Other current liabilities17 47 
Foreign currency derivativesOther assets2 — Other long-term liabilities10 15 
Total5 27 62 
Total$32 $64 $31 $74 
The following amounts were recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to cumulative basis adjustments for our fair value hedges (in millions):
 CARRYING AMOUNT OF THE HEDGED ASSETS/(LIABILITIES)CUMULATIVE AMOUNT OF FAIR VALUE HEDGING ADJUSTMENT INCLUDED IN THE CARRYING AMOUNT OF THE HEDGED ASSETS/LIABILITIES
Balance Sheet Line Item of Hedged ItemJuly 26,
2025
July 27,
2024
July 26,
2025
July 27,
2024
Short-term debt$ $(488)$ $11 
The effect of derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges, recognized in interest and other income (loss), net is summarized as follows (in millions):
GAINS (LOSSES) FOR 
THE YEARS ENDED
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Interest rate derivatives:
Hedged items$(11)$(30)$31 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments11 30 (31)
Total$ $— $— 
The effect on the Consolidated Statements of Operations of derivative instruments not designated as hedges is summarized as follows (in millions):
  GAINS (LOSSES) FOR 
THE YEARS ENDED
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging InstrumentsLine Item in Statements of OperationsJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Foreign currency derivativesOther income (loss), net$102 $(162)$
Total return swaps—deferred compensationOperating expenses and other56 91 58 
Equity derivativesOther income (loss), net 13 
Total$158 $(69)$72 
The notional amounts of our outstanding derivatives are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Foreign currency derivatives$8,978 $7,434 
Interest rate derivatives 500 
Total return swaps—deferred compensation1,087 985 
Total$10,065 $8,919 
(b)Offsetting of Derivative Instruments
We present our derivative instruments at gross fair values in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. However, our master netting and other similar arrangements with the respective counterparties allow for net settlement under certain conditions, which are designed to reduce credit risk by permitting net settlement with the same counterparty.
To further limit credit risk, we also enter into collateral security arrangements related to certain derivative instruments whereby cash is posted as collateral between the counterparties based on the fair market value of the derivative instrument. Under these collateral security arrangements, the net cash provided for collateral was not material as of either July 26, 2025 or July 27, 2024.
(c)Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
We conduct business globally in numerous currencies. Therefore, we are exposed to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. To limit the exposure related to foreign currency changes, we enter into foreign currency contracts. We do not enter into such contracts for speculative purposes.
We may hedge forecasted foreign currency transactions related to certain revenues, operating expenses and service cost of sales with currency options and forward contracts. These currency options and forward contracts, designated as cash flow hedges, generally have maturities of less than 24 months. The derivative instrument’s gain or loss is initially reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings.
We enter into foreign exchange forward and option contracts to reduce the short-term effects of foreign currency fluctuations on assets and liabilities such as foreign currency receivables, long-term customer financings and payables. These derivatives are not designated as hedging instruments. Gains and losses on the contracts are included in other income (loss), net, and substantially offset foreign exchange gains and losses from the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the reporting entity.
We hedge certain net investments in our foreign operations with forward contracts to reduce the effects of foreign currency fluctuations on our net investment in those foreign subsidiaries. These derivative instruments generally have maturities of up to six months.
(d)Interest Rate Risk
We periodically enter into treasury lock agreements, designated as cash flow hedges, in order to hedge the impact of changes in the U.S. benchmark interest rate on future interest payments in anticipation of future debt offerings. Changes in the fair value of treasury lock agreements are recorded to AOCI and reclassified into earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings.
(e)Equity Price Risk
We are exposed to variability in compensation charges related to certain deferred compensation obligations to employees and directors. Although not designated as accounting hedges, we utilize derivatives such as total return swaps to economically hedge this exposure and offset the related compensation expense.
v3.25.2
Commitments and Contingencies
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies Commitments and Contingencies
(a)Purchase Commitments with Contract Manufacturers and Suppliers
We purchase components from a variety of suppliers and use several contract manufacturers to provide manufacturing services for our products. During the normal course of business, in order to manage manufacturing lead times and help ensure adequate component supply, we enter into agreements with contract manufacturers and suppliers that allow them to procure inventory based upon criteria as defined by us or establish the parameters defining our requirements. A significant portion of our reported purchase commitments arising from these agreements consists of firm, noncancelable, and unconditional commitments. Certain of these inventory purchase commitments are directly with suppliers, and relate to fixed-dollar commitments to secure supply and pricing for certain product components for multi-year periods. In certain instances, these agreements allow us the option to cancel, reschedule, and adjust our requirements based on our business needs prior to firm orders being placed.
The following table summarizes our inventory purchase commitments with contract manufacturers and suppliers by period (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Less than 1 year$7,202 $3,952 
1 to 3 years320 1,085 
3 to 5 years77 121 
Total$7,599 $5,158 
The purchase commitments with contract manufacturers and suppliers as of July 26, 2025 has been reduced to give effect to the settlement of a legal dispute with a supplier over purchase obligations arising under certain long-term supply arrangements. See Note 21.
We record a liability for firm, noncancelable, and unconditional purchase commitments for quantities in excess of our future demand forecasts consistent with the valuation of our excess and obsolete inventory. As of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, the liability for these purchase commitments was $206 million and $498 million, respectively, and was included in other current liabilities.
(b)Other Commitments
We have certain funding commitments, primarily related to our privately held investments. The funding commitments were $0.3 billion and $0.2 billion as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively.
(c)Product Warranties
The following table summarizes the activity related to the product warranty liability (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Balance at beginning of fiscal year$362 $329 $333 
Provisions for warranties issued403 425 386 
Adjustments for pre-existing warranties42 22 18 
Settlements (408)(414)(408)
Balance at end of fiscal year$399 $362 $329 
We accrue for warranty costs as part of our cost of sales based on associated material product costs, labor costs for technical support staff, and associated overhead. Our products are generally covered by a warranty for periods ranging from 90 days to five years, and for some products we provide a limited lifetime warranty.
(d)Financing and Other Guarantees
In the ordinary course of business, we provide financing guarantees for various third-party financing arrangements extended to channel partners customers. Payments under these financing guarantee arrangements were not material for the periods presented.
Channel Partner Financing Guarantees   We facilitate arrangements for third-party financing extended to channel partners, consisting of revolving short-term financing, with payment terms generally ranging from 60 to 90 days. These financing arrangements facilitate the working capital requirements of the channel partners, and, in some cases, we guarantee a portion of these arrangements. The volume of channel partner financing was $24.9 billion, $27.1 billion, and $32.1 billion in fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. The balance of the channel partner financing subject to guarantees was $1.3 billion and $1.2 billion as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively.
Financing Guarantee Summary   The aggregate amounts of channel partner financing guarantees outstanding at July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, representing the total maximum potential future payments under financing arrangements with third parties along with the related deferred revenue, are summarized in the following table (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Maximum potential future payments$123 $127 
Deferred revenue(13)(13)
Total$110 $114 
(e)Indemnifications
In the normal course of business, we have indemnification obligations to other parties, including customers, lessors, and parties to other transactions with us, with respect to certain matters. We have agreed to indemnify against losses arising from a breach of representations or covenants or out of intellectual property infringement or other claims made against certain parties. These agreements may limit the time or circumstances within which an indemnification claim can be made and the amount of the claim.
It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount for claims made under the indemnification obligations due to uncertainties in the litigation process, coordination with and contributions by other parties and the defendants in these types of cases, and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular case and agreement. Historically, indemnity payments made by us have not had a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our officers and directors, and our Amended and Restated Bylaws contain similar indemnification obligations to our agents.
(f)Legal Proceedings
Brazil Brazilian authorities have investigated our Brazilian subsidiary and certain of its former employees, as well as a Brazilian importer of our products, and its affiliates and employees, relating to alleged evasion of import taxes and alleged improper transactions involving the subsidiary and the importer. Brazilian tax authorities have assessed claims against our Brazilian subsidiary based on a theory of joint liability with the Brazilian importer for import taxes, interest, and penalties. In addition to claims asserted by the Brazilian federal tax authorities in prior fiscal years, tax authorities from the Brazilian state of Sao Paulo have asserted similar claims on the same legal basis in prior fiscal years.
The remaining asserted claims by Brazilian federal tax authorities are for calendar years 2004 through 2007, and the remaining asserted claims by the tax authorities from the state of Sao Paulo are for calendar years 2005 through 2007. The total remaining asserted claims by Brazilian state and federal tax authorities aggregate to $141 million for the alleged evasion of import and other taxes, $816 million for interest, and $289 million for various penalties, all determined using an exchange rate as of July 26, 2025.
We have completed a thorough review of the matters and believe the asserted claims against our Brazilian subsidiary are without merit, and we are defending the claims vigorously. While we believe there is no legal basis for the alleged liability, due to the complexities and uncertainty surrounding the judicial process in Brazil and the nature of the claims asserting joint liability with the importer, we are unable to determine the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome against our Brazilian subsidiary and are unable to reasonably estimate a range of loss, if any. We do not expect a final judicial determination for several years.
Centripetal On February 13, 2018, Centripetal Networks, Inc. (“Centripetal”) asserted patent infringement claims against us in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, alleging that several of our products and services infringe eleven Centripetal U.S. patents. After two bench trials and various administrative actions and appeals, we have been found either to not have infringed any of the patents or the patents have been invalidated. Centripetal appealed one of the invalidity decisions and we are awaiting the decision following the Federal Circuit hearing on that appeal on February 6, 2025. Centripetal's appeal of the non-infringement judgment of the District Court is ongoing.
Between April 2020 and February 2022, Centripetal also filed complaints in the District Court of Dusseldorf in Germany (“German Court”), asserting five patents and one utility model. Centripetal sought damages and injunctive relief in all cases. In various proceedings in 2021, 2022, and 2023, we have been found to have not infringed three patents, one patent was invalidated, and the utility model was invalidated. The infringement action on the final patent is stayed due to an invalidity action heard on June 6, 2024 in the Federal Patent Court, in which all claims, aside from one auxiliary claim, were found invalid, and for which we are awaiting a decision on appeal from the German Federal Court of Justice. Centripetal’s appeals of two of the non-infringement findings remain pending and, on March 27, 2024, the Court of Appeals rejected Centripetal’s appeal of the third non-infringement finding. In an appellate decision on December 11, 2024, the German Federal Court of Justice revoked one of the two patents for which Centripetal appealed the finding of non-infringement, rendering moot the non-infringement appeal of that patent.
On July 10, 2023, Centripetal filed a complaint in the Paris Judiciary Court asserting the French counterpart of a European Patent. Centripetal seeks damages and injunctive relief in the case. Centripetal previously asserted the German counterpart of the same European Patent in Germany and the German Court rejected Centripetal’s complaint finding no infringement. We have filed our response and defenses to the complaint and the case briefing is ongoing. While the Court has not set a final hearing date, we anticipate that it will occur in the third calendar quarter of 2026.
Due to uncertainty surrounding patent litigation processes in the U.S. and Europe, we are unable to reasonably estimate the ultimate outcome of the litigations at this time. If we do not prevail in these litigations, we believe that any damages ultimately assessed would not have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Ramot On June 12, 2019 and on February 26, 2021, Ramot at Tel Aviv University Ltd. (“Ramot”) asserted patent infringement claims against Cisco and Acacia in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas (“E.D. Tex.”) and in the District of Delaware (“D. Del.”), respectively. Ramot is seeking damages, including enhanced damages, and a royalty on future sales. Ramot alleges that certain optical transceiver modules and line cards infringe three patents. We challenged the validity of the patents in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“PTO”) and the pending District Court cases have been stayed. On September 28, 2021 and May 24, 2022, Cisco and Acacia filed two declaratory judgment actions of noninfringement against Ramot in D. Del on other Ramot patents and those proceedings are ongoing. The Court set trial in the D. Del. cases for November 3, 2025.
While we believe that we have strong non-infringement and invalidity arguments in these litigations, and that Ramot’s damages theories in such cases are not supported by prevailing law, we are unable to reasonably estimate the ultimate outcome of these litigations at this time due to uncertainties in the litigation processes. If we do not prevail in court in these litigations, we believe any damages ultimately assessed would not have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Egenera On August 8, 2016, Egenera, Inc. (“Egenera”) asserted infringement claims against us in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts, alleging that Cisco’s Unified Computing System Manager infringes three patents. Egenera sought damages, including enhanced damages, and an injunction. Two of the asserted patents were dismissed, leaving Egenera’s infringement claim based on one asserted patent. On March 25, 2022, the PTO preliminarily found all of the asserted claims of the remaining patent unpatentable in ex parte reexamination proceedings. On August 15, 2022, after a jury trial for the remaining patent, the jury returned a verdict in favor of Cisco. The District Court denied Egenera’s post-trial motions, and Egenera filed an appeal to the Federal Circuit on January 13, 2023. The Federal Circuit heard oral argument on October 11, 2024 and on July 7, 2025, the Federal Circuit affirmed the final judgment of the District Court that was in Cisco's favor.
In addition to the above matters, we are subject to other legal proceedings, claims, and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, including intellectual property litigation. While the outcome of these matters is currently not determinable, we do not believe that the ultimate costs to resolve these matters will have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
For additional information regarding intellectual property litigation, see “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors—We may be found to infringe on intellectual property rights of others” herein.
v3.25.2
Stockholders' Equity
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Stockholders' Equity Stockholders’ Equity
(a)Stock Repurchase Program
In September 2001, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program. As of July 26, 2025, the remaining authorized amount for stock repurchases under this program was approximately $14.2 billion with no termination date.
Our stock repurchase activity under the stock repurchase program, reported based on the trade date, is summarized as follows (in millions, except per-share amounts):
Years EndedSharesWeighted-Average Price per ShareAmount
July 26, 2025105 $56.53 $5,995 
July 27, 2024117 $49.45 $5,764 
July 29, 202388 $48.49 $4,271 
There were $20 million, $25 million and $48 million in stock repurchases that were pending settlement as of July 26, 2025, July 27, 2024 and July 29, 2023, respectively.
The purchase price for the shares of our stock repurchased is reflected as a reduction to stockholders’ equity.
We are required to allocate the purchase price of the repurchased shares as (i) a reduction to retained earnings or an increase to accumulated deficit and (ii) a reduction of common stock and additional paid-in capital.
(b)Dividends Declared
On August 13, 2025, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.41 per common share to be paid on October 22, 2025, to all stockholders of record as of the close of business on October 3, 2025. Future dividends will be subject to the approval of our Board of Directors.
(c)Preferred Stock
Under the terms of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors is authorized to issue preferred stock in one or more series and, in connection with the creation of such series, to fix by resolution the designation, powers (including voting powers (if any)), preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, if any, of such series, and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, of the shares of such series. As of July 26, 2025, we have not issued any shares of preferred stock.
v3.25.2
Employee Benefit Plans
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Employee Benefit Plans Employee Benefit Plans
(a)Employee Stock Incentive Plans
We have one stock incentive plan: the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2005 Plan”). In addition, we have, in connection with our acquisitions of various companies, assumed the share-based awards granted under stock incentive plans of the acquired companies or issued share-based awards in replacement thereof. Share-based awards are designed to reward employees for their long-term contributions to us and provide incentives for them to remain with us. The number and frequency of share-based awards are based on competitive practices, our operating results, government regulations, and other factors.
The 2005 Plan provides for the granting of stock options, stock grants, stock units and stock appreciation rights (SARs), the vesting of which may be time-based or upon satisfaction of performance goals, or both, and/or other conditions. Time-based and performance-based RSUs generally vest over three years with certain awards containing retirement eligible provisions. Employees (including employee directors and executive officers) and consultants of Cisco and its subsidiaries and affiliates and non-employee directors of Cisco are eligible to participate in the 2005 Plan. The 2005 Plan may be terminated by our Board of Directors at any time and for any reason, and is currently set to terminate at the 2030 Annual Meeting unless re-adopted or extended by our stockholders prior to or on such date.
Under the 2005 Plan’s share reserve feature, a distinction is made between the number of shares in the reserve attributable to (i) stock options and SARs and (ii) “full value” awards (i.e., stock grants and stock units). Shares issued as stock grants, pursuant to stock units or pursuant to the settlement of dividend equivalents are counted against shares available for issuance under the 2005 Plan on a 1.5-to-1 ratio. For each share awarded as restricted stock or a restricted stock unit award under the 2005 Plan, 1.5 shares was deducted from the available share-based award balance. If awards issued under the 2005 Plan are forfeited or terminated for any reason before being exercised or settled, then the shares underlying such awards, plus the number of additional shares, if any, that counted against shares available for issuance under the 2005 Plan at the time of grant as a result of the application of the share ratio described above, will become available again for issuance under the 2005 Plan. As of July 26, 2025, 100 million shares were authorized for future grant under the 2005 Plan.
(b)Employee Stock Purchase Plan
We have an Employee Stock Purchase Plan under which eligible employees are offered shares through a 24-month offering period, which consists of four consecutive 6-month purchase periods. Employees may purchase a limited amount of shares of our stock at a discount of up to 15% of the lesser of the fair market value at the beginning of the offering period or the end of each 6-month purchase period. The Employee Stock Purchase Plan is scheduled to terminate on the earlier of (i) January 3, 2030 and (ii) the date on which all shares available for issuance under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan are sold pursuant to exercised purchase rights. We issued 18 million, 20 million, and 19 million shares under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan in fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. As of July 26, 2025, 50 million shares were available for issuance under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
(c)Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense
Share-based compensation expense consists of expenses for RSUs, stock purchase rights, and stock options, granted to employees or assumed from acquisitions. The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Cost of sales—product$255 $214 $151 
Cost of sales—services329 300 245 
Share-based compensation expense in cost of sales584 514 396 
Research and development1,625 1,316 1,008 
Sales and marketing918 846 673 
General and administrative476 375 270 
Restructuring and other charges38 23 
Share-based compensation expense in operating expenses3,057 2,560 1,957 
Total share-based compensation expense$3,641 $3,074 $2,353 
Income tax benefit for share-based compensation$871 $696 $449 
As of July 26, 2025, the total compensation cost related to unvested share-based awards not yet recognized was $4.5 billion, which is expected to be recognized over approximately 1.9 years on a weighted-average basis.
(d)Restricted Stock Unit Awards
A summary of the restricted stock and stock unit activity, which includes time-based and performance-based or market-based RSUs, is as follows (in millions, except per-share amounts):
Restricted Stock/
Stock Units
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair
Value per Share
Aggregate Fair  Value
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 30, 202297 $46.67 
Granted and assumed72 42.08 
Vested(39)46.69 $1,746 
Canceled/forfeited/other(8)45.17 
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 29, 2023122 44.04 
Granted and assumed63 48.97 
Vested(58)43.46 $2,906 
Canceled/forfeited/other(10)45.65 
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 27, 2024117 46.86 
Granted and assumed70 55.73 
Vested(65)46.95 $3,707 
Canceled/forfeited/other(9)48.04 
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 26, 2025113 $52.26 
(e)Valuation of Employee Share-Based Awards
Time-based restricted stock units and PRSUs that are based on our financial performance metrics or non-financial operating goals are valued using the market value of our common stock on the date of grant, discounted for the present value of expected dividends. For PRSUs granted, we included a relative total shareholder return (TSR) modifier to determine the number of shares earned at the end of the performance period. The TSR modifier is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The PRSUs granted during the fiscal years presented are contingent on the achievement of our financial performance metrics, our comparative market-based returns, or the achievement of financial and non-financial operating goals.
The assumptions for the valuation of time-based RSUs and PRSUs are summarized as follows:
RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Number of shares granted (in millions)65 60 70 
Grant date fair value per share$55.93 $48.71 $42.13 
Weighted-average assumptions/inputs:
   Expected dividend yield2.7 %3.0 %3.4 %
   Range of risk-free interest rates
3.5% 4.9%
4.2% 5.6%
3.7% 5.7%
PERFORMANCE BASED RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Number of shares granted (in millions)4 
Grant date fair value per share$54.50 $59.31 $40.44 
The assumptions for the valuation of employee stock purchase rights are summarized as follows:
 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE RIGHTS
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Weighted-average assumptions:
   Expected volatility22.5 %28.3 %28.7 %
   Risk-free interest rate5.0 %2.9 %2.8 %
   Expected dividend3.3 %3.5 %3.6 %
   Expected life (in years)1.31.21.2
Weighted-average estimated grant date fair value per share$12.18 $11.59 $12.40 
The valuation of employee stock purchase rights and the related assumptions are for the employee stock purchases made during the respective fiscal years.
We used the implied volatility for traded options (with contract terms corresponding to the expected life of the employee stock purchase rights) on our stock as the expected volatility assumption required in the Black-Scholes model. The implied volatility is more representative of future stock price trends than historical volatility. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates appropriate for the term of our employee stock purchase rights. The dividend yield assumption is based on the history and expectation of dividend payouts at the grant date.
(f)Employee 401(k) Plans
We sponsor the Cisco Systems, Inc. 401(k) Plan (the “Plan”) to provide retirement benefits for our employees. As allowed under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, the Plan provides for tax-deferred salary contributions and after-tax contributions for eligible employees. The Plan allows employees to contribute up to 75% of their annual eligible earnings to the Plan on a pretax and after-tax basis, including Roth contributions. Employee contributions are limited to a maximum annual amount as set periodically by the Internal Revenue Code. We match pretax and Roth employee contributions up to 100% of the first 4.5% of eligible earnings that are contributed by employees. Therefore, the maximum matching contribution that we may allocate to each participant’s account will not exceed $15,750 for the 2025 calendar year due to the $350,000 annual limit on eligible earnings imposed by the Internal Revenue Code. All matching contributions vest immediately. Our matching contributions to the Plan totaled $373 million, $358 million, and $342 million in fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
The Plan allows employees who meet the age requirements and reach the Plan contribution limits to make catch-up contributions (pretax or Roth) not to exceed the lesser of 75% of their annual eligible earnings or the limit set forth in the Internal Revenue Code. Catch-up contributions are not eligible for matching contributions. In addition, the Plan provides for discretionary profit-sharing contributions as determined by the Board of Directors. Such contributions to the Plan are allocated among eligible participants in the proportion of their salaries to the total salaries of all participants. There were no discretionary profit-sharing contributions made in fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023.
We also sponsor other 401(k) plans as a result of acquisitions of other companies. Our contributions to these plans were not material to Cisco on either an individual or aggregate basis for any of the fiscal years presented.
(g)Deferred Compensation Plans
The Cisco Systems, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”), a nonqualified deferred compensation plan, became effective in 2007. As required by applicable law, participation in the Deferred Compensation Plan is limited to a select group of our management employees. Under the Deferred Compensation Plan, which is an unfunded and unsecured deferred compensation arrangement, a participant may elect to defer base salary, bonus, and/or commissions, pursuant to such rules as may be established by Cisco, up to the maximum percentages for each deferral election as described in the plan. We may also, at our discretion, make a matching contribution to the employee under the Deferred Compensation Plan. A matching contribution equal to 4.5% of eligible compensation in excess of the Internal Revenue Code limit for qualified plans for calendar year 2025 that is deferred by participants under the Deferred Compensation Plan (with a $1.5 million cap on eligible compensation) will be made to eligible participants’ accounts at the end of calendar year 2025. The total deferred compensation liability under the Deferred Compensation Plan, together with deferred compensation plans assumed from acquired companies, was approximately $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, respectively, and was recorded primarily in other long-term liabilities.
v3.25.2
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Equity [Abstract]  
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The components of AOCI, net of tax, and the other comprehensive income (loss) are summarized as follows (in millions):
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale InvestmentsNet Unrealized Gains (Losses) Cash Flow Hedging InstrumentsCumulative Translation Adjustment and Actuarial Gains (Losses)Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
BALANCE AT JULY 30, 2022$(379)$44 $(1,287)$(1,622)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(113)29 116 32 
(Gains) losses reclassified out of AOCI21 (63)(1)(43)
Tax benefit (expense)31 19 58 
BALANCE AT JULY 29, 2023(440)18 (1,153)(1,575)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications193 128 (115)206 
(Gains) losses reclassified out of AOCI67 (49)(2)16 
Tax benefit (expense)(61)(18)(77)
BALANCE AT JULY 27, 2024(241)79 (1,268)(1,430)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications152 29 304 485 
(Gains) losses reclassified out of AOCI100 (47) 53 
Tax benefit (expense)(68)4 2 (62)
BALANCE AT JULY 26, 2025$(57)$65 $(962)$(954)
v3.25.2
Income Taxes
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
(a)Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes consists of the following (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Federal:
Current$956 $1,939 $3,754 
Deferred(838)(883)(1,955)
118 1,056 1,799 
State:
Current431 388 623 
Deferred(250)11 (175)
181 399 448 
Foreign:
Current665 559 412 
Deferred(44)(100)46 
621 459 458 
Total$920 $1,914 $2,705 
Income before provision for income taxes consists of the following (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
United States$9,500 $10,790 $14,074 
International1,600 1,444 1,244 
Total$11,100 $12,234 $15,318 
The items accounting for the difference between income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate and the provision for income taxes consist of the following:
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Federal statutory rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
Effect of:
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit1.3 2.8 2.4 
Foreign income at other than U.S. rates0.7 (0.3)(0.1)
Tax credits(2.7)(2.4)(0.3)
Foreign-derived intangible income deduction(6.0)(5.5)(5.8)
Stock-based compensation0.7 0.7 1.1 
Impact of the Tax Act(6.5)— — 
Other, net(0.2)(0.7)(0.6)
Total8.3 %15.6 %17.7 %
On August 26, 2024, the U.S. Tax Court issued an opinion in Varian Medical Systems, Inc. v. Commissioner. The opinion related to the U.S. taxation of deemed foreign dividends in the transition year of the Tax Act (our fiscal 2018). While we were not a party to the case, the opinion resulted in a change to our tax position. As such, we recorded a tax benefit of $720 million as a reduction to the provision for income taxes in fiscal 2025 due to this U.S. Tax Court opinion.
During fiscal 2023, we resolved certain items with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) related to the audit of our federal income tax returns for the fiscal years ended July 26, 2014 through July 30, 2016. As a result of this resolution, we recognized a net benefit to the provision for income taxes of $145 million, which included a reduction of interest expense of $53 million. During fiscal 2024, we resolved all remaining items with the IRS related to the audit of our federal income tax returns for the fiscal years ended July 26, 2014 through July 30, 2016. As a result of this resolution, we recognized a net benefit to the provision for income taxes of $55 million, which included a reduction of interest expense of $18 million.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025, we changed our assertion regarding our intent to indefinitely reinvest $6.5 billion of undistributed earnings for certain foreign subsidiaries and determined that those earnings are no longer considered permanently reinvested. The deferred income tax impact of this change is not material.
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
The aggregate changes in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Beginning balance$2,156 $2,137 $3,101 
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year283 205 159 
Additions for tax positions of prior years81 256 261 
Reductions for tax positions of prior years(68)(344)(265)
Settlements(75)(53)(1,063)
Lapse of statute of limitations(40)(45)(56)
Ending balance$2,337 $2,156 $2,137 
As a result of the resolution of the IRS audit of our federal tax income tax returns for the fiscal years ended July 26, 2014 through July 30, 2016, the amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits was reduced by approximately $1.1 billion in fiscal 2023 and $245 million in fiscal 2024.
As of July 26, 2025, $1.6 billion of the unrecognized tax benefits would affect the effective tax rate if realized. We recognized net interest expense of $77 million, $21 million and $27 million during fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. Our net penalty expense for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023 was not material. Our total accrual for interest and penalties was $497 million, $401 million, and $523 million as of the end of fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. We are no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax audit for returns covering tax years through fiscal 2016. We are no longer subject to foreign or state income tax audits for returns covering tax years through fiscal 2003 and fiscal 2008, respectively.
We regularly engage in discussions and negotiations with tax authorities regarding tax matters in various jurisdictions. We believe it is reasonably possible that certain federal, foreign, and state tax matters may be concluded in the next 12 months. Specific positions that may be resolved include issues involving transfer pricing and various other matters. We estimate that the unrecognized tax benefits at July 26, 2025 could be reduced by approximately $250 million in the next 12 months.
(b)Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The following table presents the breakdown for net deferred tax assets (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Deferred tax assets$7,356 $6,262 
Deferred tax liabilities(75)(76)
Total net deferred tax assets$7,281 $6,186 
The following table presents the components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
ASSETS
Inventory write-downs and capitalization$532 $530 
Deferred foreign income221 277 
IPR&D and purchased intangible assets961 1,039 
Depreciation242 184 
Deferred revenue1,933 2,034 
Credits and net operating loss carryforwards1,350 1,863 
Share-based compensation expense319 297 
Accrued compensation175 275 
Lease liabilities379 308 
Capitalized research expenditures4,182 3,030 
Other678 559 
Gross deferred tax assets10,972 10,396 
Valuation allowance(910)(1,024)
Total deferred tax assets10,062 9,372 
LIABILITIES
Goodwill and purchased intangible assets(2,288)(2,808)
ROU lease assets(315)(259)
Other(178)(119)
Total deferred tax liabilities(2,781)(3,186)
Total net deferred tax assets$7,281 $6,186 
The changes in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Balance at beginning of fiscal year$1,024 $754 $834 
Additions33 148 35 
Additions from Splunk 147 — 
Deductions(4)(4)(18)
Write-offs(145)(20)(93)
Foreign exchange and other2 (1)(4)
Balance at end of fiscal year$910 $1,024 $754 
As of July 26, 2025, our federal, state, and foreign net operating loss carryforwards before valuation allowance for income tax purposes were $284 million, $2.1 billion, and $533 million, respectively. A significant amount of the net operating loss carryforwards relates to acquisitions and, as a result, is limited in the amount that can be recognized in any one year. If not utilized, the federal, state, and foreign net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire in fiscal 2026. We have provided a valuation allowance of $10 million and $96 million for deferred tax assets related to state and foreign net operating losses respectively that are not expected to be realized.
As of July 26, 2025, our federal, state, and foreign tax credit carryforwards for income tax purposes before valuation allowance were approximately $7 million, $1.8 billion, and $8 million, respectively. The federal tax credit carryforwards will begin to expire in fiscal 2027. The majority of state and foreign tax credits can be carried forward indefinitely. We have provided a valuation allowance of $752 million for deferred tax assets related to state and foreign tax credits carryforwards that are not expected to be realized.
v3.25.2
Segment Information and Major Customers
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information and Major Customers Segment Information and Major Customers
(a)Revenue and Gross Margin by Segment
We conduct business globally and are primarily managed on a geographic basis consisting of three segments: the Americas, EMEA, and APJC. Our chief executive officer is the chief operating decision maker (CODM). The CODM reviews certain financial information for each segment, to evaluate performance and allocate resources by comparing actual performance to our annual targets. Performance of each segment is measured based on segment revenue and segment gross margin.
We do not allocate research and development, sales and marketing, or general and administrative expenses to our segments because the CODM does not include this information in our measurement of performance of the operating segments. In addition, we do not allocate amortization and impairment of acquisition-related intangible assets, share-based compensation expense, significant litigation settlements (which includes the supplier-related legal settlement as described in Note 21) and other contingencies, charges related to asset impairments and restructurings, and certain other charges to the cost of sales and gross margin for each segment because the CODM does not include this information in the measurement of the performance of our operating segments.
The following summarizes our revenue and gross margin by segment and the significant expenses by each segment for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023 (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Revenue:
Americas$33,656 $31,971 $33,447 
EMEA14,824 14,117 15,135 
APJC8,174 7,716 8,417 
Total$56,654 $53,803 $56,998 
Gross margin:
Americas$22,962 $21,372 $21,350 
EMEA10,545 9,755 10,016 
APJC5,431 5,187 5,424 
Segment total38,938 36,312 36,788 
Unallocated corporate items(2,148)(1,484)(1,035)
Total$36,790 $34,828 $35,753 
Supplemental information about our significant expenses:
Americas:
Cost of sales — product$8,206 $8,077 $9,479 
Cost of sales — services2,487 2,523 2,619 
Segment total$10,694 $10,600 $12,097 
EMEA:
Cost of sales — product$3,138 $3,264 $3,998 
Cost of sales — services1,140 1,098 1,121 
Segment total$4,279 $4,362 $5,119 
APJC:
Cost of sales — product$2,010 $1,838 $2,324 
Cost of sales — services734 690 668 
Segment total$2,743 $2,529 $2,992 
Amounts may not sum due to rounding.
Revenue in the United States was $30.4 billion, $28.7 billion, and $29.9 billion for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
(b)Revenue for Groups of Similar Products and Services
We design and sell IP-based networking and other products related to the communications and IT industry and provide services associated with these products and their use.
The following table presents revenue for groups of similar products and services (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Revenue:
Networking$28,304 $29,229 $34,570 
Security8,094 5,075 3,859 
Collaboration4,154 4,113 4,052 
Observability1,055 837 661 
Total Product41,608 39,253 43,142 
Services15,046 14,550 13,856 
Total$56,654 $53,803 $56,998 
Amounts may not sum due to rounding.
(c)Additional Segment Information
No single customer accounted for 10% or more of revenue in fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023.
Our long-lived assets are based on the physical location of the assets. The following table presents our long-lived assets, which consists of property and equipment, net and operating lease ROU assets information for geographic areas (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Long-lived assets:
United States$2,370 $2,253 
International1,044 903 
Total$3,414 $3,156 
v3.25.2
Net Income per Share
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Net Income per Share Net Income per Share
The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net income per share (in millions, except per-share amounts):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Net income$10,180 $10,320 $12,613 
Weighted-average shares—basic3,976 4,043 4,093 
Effect of dilutive potential common shares22 19 12 
Weighted-average shares—diluted3,998 4,062 4,105 
Net income per share—basic$2.56 $2.55 $3.08 
Net income per share—diluted$2.55 $2.54 $3.07 
Antidilutive employee share-based awards, excluded78 82 86 
v3.25.2
Subsequent Event
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Subsequent Events [Abstract]  
Subsequent Event Subsequent EventOn August 26, 2025, we settled a legal dispute with a supplier over purchase obligations arising under certain long-term supply arrangements entered into to help us mitigate significant supply chain constraints seen in prior periods. Under the terms of the settlement, the parties agreed to the dismissal of all pending actions in exchange for mutual releases of claims related to the long-term supply arrangements with the supplier, the termination of such arrangements between the parties, the release back to us of approximately $563 million held in escrow under the arrangements (which is reported as restricted cash within other current assets), and the forfeiture by us of approximately $450 million in supplier-held prepayments, after giving effect to certain amounts to be applied against such prepayments. No incremental cash consideration is to be paid in connection with the settlement. As a result of this settlement, we recorded a charge in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025 of approximately $355 million to product cost of sales and a corresponding income tax benefit of approximately $82 million.
v3.25.2
Insider Trading Arrangements
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
shares
Jul. 26, 2025
shares
Trading Arrangements, by Individual    
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false  
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false  
Oliver Tuszik [Member]    
Trading Arrangements, by Individual    
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement  
On June 20, 2025, Oliver Tuszik, Cisco's Executive Vice President, Global Sales, adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act. Mr. Tuszik’s trading plan provides for the sale of approximately 49,067 gross shares (with any shares underlying performance-based equity awards being calculated at target), plus any related dividend-equivalent shares earned with respect to such shares and shares from purchases made pursuant to Cisco’s employee stock purchase plan, and excluding, as applicable, any shares withheld to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the net settlement of the equity awards. Mr. Tuszik’s trading plan is scheduled to terminate on December 31, 2025, subject to early termination for certain specified events set forth therein.
Name Oliver Tuszik  
Title Executive Vice President, Global Sales  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted true  
Adoption Date June 20, 2025  
Expiration Date December 31, 2025  
Arrangement Duration 194 days  
Aggregate Available 49,067 49,067
v3.25.2
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]  
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted true
v3.25.2
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]  
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block]
We recognize the critical importance of maintaining the trust and confidence of our customers, employees, and other stakeholders. To help mitigate the cybersecurity risks that we face, we maintain processes for identifying, assessing, and managing such risks.
Our incident response functions, which include our Security and Trust Organization (“S&TO”) under the leadership of our Chief Security and Trust Officer, have established internal policies, processes, and procedures to monitor, detect, investigate, respond to, and escalate management of internal and external cybersecurity threats and incidents. We maintain policies and procedures for the escalation of cybersecurity incidents, assessed as potentially being or becoming material, to designated members of our senior management for further assessment. We also, as necessary, inform our independent registered public accounting firm of significant cybersecurity matters and any relevant developments.
To help identify, assess, and mitigate cybersecurity threats that we face to our business, S&TO, in addition to its own capabilities, partners with Cisco’s Talos Threat Intelligence Group and third parties, including governments and peer companies, to share and receive threat intelligence and other information. S&TO actively monitors for and evaluates cybersecurity vulnerabilities, threats, and incidents observable on the Internet and the dark web. In addition to monitoring risks from threats to our own business, we operate third-party risk management programs to help identify and manage risks from cybersecurity threats arising from third-party suppliers and service providers on which we rely. These programs leverage on-going security-focused risk assessments based on industry practices, audits, and contractual requirements.
We strive to embed security into our products and services through the Cisco Secure Development Lifecycle (CSDL). The CSDL introduces security and privacy considerations throughout the lifecycle of our products and services. In addition, S&TO advises business units and functional areas on addressing cybersecurity risks and monitors initiatives to mitigate and manage such risks over time. Our business units or functional areas are responsible for managing risks and ensuring that security policies and standards are implemented within the respective business unit or function. S&TO also conducts mandatory cybersecurity training for our employees and provides employees with tools to report suspected incidents.
S&TO engages third parties in connection with our cybersecurity risk management processes, including cybersecurity consultants and auditors, to conduct evaluations of our IT security controls and provide certifications for industry-standard security frameworks. In addition, we maintain a global privacy program to assess and manage privacy risks related to how we are collecting, using, sharing, and storing personal data, which is subject to assessment by an independent, third-party privacy assessor.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block]
Our incident response functions, which include our Security and Trust Organization (“S&TO”) under the leadership of our Chief Security and Trust Officer, have established internal policies, processes, and procedures to monitor, detect, investigate, respond to, and escalate management of internal and external cybersecurity threats and incidents. We maintain policies and procedures for the escalation of cybersecurity incidents, assessed as potentially being or becoming material, to designated members of our senior management for further assessment. We also, as necessary, inform our independent registered public accounting firm of significant cybersecurity matters and any relevant developments.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag] false
Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block]
Our Chief Security and Trust Officer, who reports to our Executive Vice President, Operations, works collaboratively across our business to implement policies and procedures designed to protect our IT environment and our products and services from cybersecurity threats, and to promptly respond to cybersecurity incidents in accordance with our incident response policies and procedures. Our Chief Security and Trust Officer has extensive cybersecurity experience and has served in various roles in information technology and information security for over 25 years.
The Chief Security and Trust Officer provides regular reports on the status of cybersecurity risks, priorities, and focus areas to our executive leadership team. In addition, information on cybersecurity risks is further integrated into our broader enterprise risk management program through our internal audit function, which incorporates such information in regular audits of our cybersecurity and data protection controls and processes.
Our Board of Directors oversees risks related to cybersecurity threats to our business directly and through its Audit Committee. The Audit Committee receives regular reports on cybersecurity risks, priorities, and focus areas from our Chief Security and Trust Officer at least four times a year and receives a live presentation at least twice a year. Our Board of Directors also regularly receives updates from the Audit Committee on its oversight activities and, on occasion, receives updates directly from our Chief Security and Trust Officer. Additionally, the Chief Security and Trust Officer provides more frequent updates to the Board of Directors and Audit Committee if necessary due to a cybersecurity threat, incident, or other development.
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]
The Chief Security and Trust Officer provides regular reports on the status of cybersecurity risks, priorities, and focus areas to our executive leadership team. In addition, information on cybersecurity risks is further integrated into our broader enterprise risk management program through our internal audit function, which incorporates such information in regular audits of our cybersecurity and data protection controls and processes.
Our Board of Directors oversees risks related to cybersecurity threats to our business directly and through its Audit Committee. The Audit Committee receives regular reports on cybersecurity risks, priorities, and focus areas from our Chief Security and Trust Officer at least four times a year and receives a live presentation at least twice a year. Our Board of Directors also regularly receives updates from the Audit Committee on its oversight activities and, on occasion, receives updates directly from our Chief Security and Trust Officer. Additionally, the Chief Security and Trust Officer provides more frequent updates to the Board of Directors and Audit Committee if necessary due to a cybersecurity threat, incident, or other development.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]
The Chief Security and Trust Officer provides regular reports on the status of cybersecurity risks, priorities, and focus areas to our executive leadership team. In addition, information on cybersecurity risks is further integrated into our broader enterprise risk management program through our internal audit function, which incorporates such information in regular audits of our cybersecurity and data protection controls and processes.
Our Board of Directors oversees risks related to cybersecurity threats to our business directly and through its Audit Committee. The Audit Committee receives regular reports on cybersecurity risks, priorities, and focus areas from our Chief Security and Trust Officer at least four times a year and receives a live presentation at least twice a year. Our Board of Directors also regularly receives updates from the Audit Committee on its oversight activities and, on occasion, receives updates directly from our Chief Security and Trust Officer. Additionally, the Chief Security and Trust Officer provides more frequent updates to the Board of Directors and Audit Committee if necessary due to a cybersecurity threat, incident, or other development.
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block]
Our Chief Security and Trust Officer, who reports to our Executive Vice President, Operations, works collaboratively across our business to implement policies and procedures designed to protect our IT environment and our products and services from cybersecurity threats, and to promptly respond to cybersecurity incidents in accordance with our incident response policies and procedures. Our Chief Security and Trust Officer has extensive cybersecurity experience and has served in various roles in information technology and information security for over 25 years.
The Chief Security and Trust Officer provides regular reports on the status of cybersecurity risks, priorities, and focus areas to our executive leadership team. In addition, information on cybersecurity risks is further integrated into our broader enterprise risk management program through our internal audit function, which incorporates such information in regular audits of our cybersecurity and data protection controls and processes.
Our Board of Directors oversees risks related to cybersecurity threats to our business directly and through its Audit Committee. The Audit Committee receives regular reports on cybersecurity risks, priorities, and focus areas from our Chief Security and Trust Officer at least four times a year and receives a live presentation at least twice a year. Our Board of Directors also regularly receives updates from the Audit Committee on its oversight activities and, on occasion, receives updates directly from our Chief Security and Trust Officer. Additionally, the Chief Security and Trust Officer provides more frequent updates to the Board of Directors and Audit Committee if necessary due to a cybersecurity threat, incident, or other development.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block] Our Chief Security and Trust Officer, who reports to our Executive Vice President, Operations, works collaboratively across our business to implement policies and procedures designed to protect our IT environment and our products and services from cybersecurity threats, and to promptly respond to cybersecurity incidents in accordance with our incident response policies and procedures.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block] Our Chief Security and Trust Officer has extensive cybersecurity experience and has served in various roles in information technology and information security for over 25 years.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block]
Our Chief Security and Trust Officer, who reports to our Executive Vice President, Operations, works collaboratively across our business to implement policies and procedures designed to protect our IT environment and our products and services from cybersecurity threats, and to promptly respond to cybersecurity incidents in accordance with our incident response policies and procedures. Our Chief Security and Trust Officer has extensive cybersecurity experience and has served in various roles in information technology and information security for over 25 years.
The Chief Security and Trust Officer provides regular reports on the status of cybersecurity risks, priorities, and focus areas to our executive leadership team. In addition, information on cybersecurity risks is further integrated into our broader enterprise risk management program through our internal audit function, which incorporates such information in regular audits of our cybersecurity and data protection controls and processes.
Our Board of Directors oversees risks related to cybersecurity threats to our business directly and through its Audit Committee. The Audit Committee receives regular reports on cybersecurity risks, priorities, and focus areas from our Chief Security and Trust Officer at least four times a year and receives a live presentation at least twice a year. Our Board of Directors also regularly receives updates from the Audit Committee on its oversight activities and, on occasion, receives updates directly from our Chief Security and Trust Officer. Additionally, the Chief Security and Trust Officer provides more frequent updates to the Board of Directors and Audit Committee if necessary due to a cybersecurity threat, incident, or other development.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag] true
v3.25.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Fiscal Period The fiscal year for Cisco Systems, Inc. (the “Company,” “Cisco,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) is the 52 or 53 weeks ending on the last Saturday in July. Fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023 were each 52-week fiscal years.
Basis of Presentation The Consolidated Financial Statements include our accounts and those of our subsidiaries and those of our investments consolidated under the voting interest method. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. We conduct business globally and are primarily managed on a geographic basis in the following three geographic segments: the Americas; Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA); and Asia Pacific, Japan, and China (APJC).
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the amounts for prior years in order to conform to the current year’s presentation. We have evaluated subsequent events through the date that the financial statements were issued.
Cash and Cash Equivalents (a) Cash and Cash Equivalents  We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.
Available-for-Sale Debt Investments and Equity Instruments
(b) Available-for-Sale Debt Investments  We classify our investments in fixed income securities as available-for-sale debt investments. Our available-for-sale debt investments primarily consist of U.S. government, U.S. government agency, non-U.S. government and agency, corporate debt, U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities, commercial paper and certificates of deposit. These available-for-sale debt investments are primarily held in the custody of a major financial institution. A specific identification method is used to determine the cost basis of available-for-sale debt investments sold. These investments are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value and unrealized gains and losses on these investments are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI), net of tax. We classify our investments as current based on the nature of the investments and their availability for use in current operations.
(c) Equity Instruments Our equity investments are accounted for as follows:
Marketable equity securities have readily determinable fair value (RDFV) that are measured and recorded at fair value through income.
Non-marketable equity securities do not have RDFV and are measured using a measurement alternative recorded at cost less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from qualifying observable price changes. For certain of these securities, we have elected to apply the net asset value (NAV) practical expedient. The NAV is the estimated fair value of these investments.
Equity method investments are securities we do not control, but are able to exert significant influence over the investee. These investments are measured at cost less any impairment, plus or minus our share of equity method investee income or loss.
Impairments of Investments and Allowance for Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets and Financing Receivables
(d) Impairments of Investments  For our available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, we determine whether a credit loss exists. In this assessment, among other factors, we consider the extent to which the fair value is less than the amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security. If factors indicate a credit loss exists, an allowance for credit loss is recorded to other income (loss), net, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. The amount of fair value change relating to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI).
We hold non-marketable equity and other investments (“privately held investments”) which are included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We monitor these investments for impairments and make reductions in carrying values if we determine that an impairment charge is required based primarily on the financial condition and near-term prospects of these companies.
(f) Allowance for Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets and Financing Receivables  We estimate our allowances for credit losses using relevant available information from internal and external sources, related to past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. When assessing for credit losses, we determine collectibility by pooling our assets with similar characteristics.
The allowances for credit losses are each measured on a collective basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Our internal credit risk ratings are categorized as 1 through 10, with the lowest credit risk rating representing the highest quality. Assets that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. The allowances for credit losses are each measured by multiplying the exposure probability of default, the probability the asset will default within a given time frame, by the loss given default rate, the percentage of the asset not expected to be collected due to default, based on the pool of assets.
Probability of default rates are published quarterly by third-party credit agencies. Adjustments to our internal credit risk ratings may take into account including, but not limited to, various customer-specific factors, the potential sovereign risk of the geographic locations in which the customer is operating and macroeconomic conditions. These factors are updated regularly or when facts and circumstances indicate that an update is deemed necessary.
Inventories
(e) Inventories  Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual cost, on a first-in, first-out basis. We provide inventory write-downs based on excess and obsolete inventories determined primarily by future demand forecasts. The write-down is measured as the difference between the cost of the inventory and net realizable value based upon assumptions about future demand and charged to the provision for inventory, which is a component of cost of sales. At the point of loss recognition, a new, lower cost basis for that inventory is established, and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase in that newly established cost
basis. In addition, we record a liability for firm, noncancelable, and unconditional purchase commitments with contract manufacturers and suppliers for quantities in excess of our future demand forecasts consistent with our valuation of excess and obsolete inventory.
Financing Receivables and Guarantees
(g) Financing Receivables and Guarantees  We provide financing arrangements, including loan receivables and lease receivables, for certain qualified channel partners and end-users to build, maintain, and upgrade their networks, and we record accrued interest on the portfolio. Loan receivables represent financing arrangements related to the sale of our hardware, software, and services (including technical support and advanced services), and also may include additional funding for other costs associated with network installation and integration of our products and services. Loan receivables have terms of one year to three years on average. Lease receivables represent sales-type leases resulting from the sale of Cisco’s and complementary third-party products and are typically collateralized by a security interest in the underlying assets. Lease receivables consist of arrangements with terms of four years on average.
Outstanding financing receivables that are aged 31 days or more from the contractual payment date are considered past due. We do not accrue interest on financing receivables that are considered impaired and more than 120 days past due unless either the receivable has not been collected due to administrative reasons or the receivable is well secured and in the process of collection. Financing receivables may be placed on nonaccrual status earlier if, in management’s opinion, a timely collection of the full principal and interest becomes uncertain. After a financing receivable has been categorized as nonaccrual, interest will be recognized when cash is received. A financing receivable may be returned to accrual status after all of the customer’s delinquent balances of principal and interest have been settled, and the customer remains current for an appropriate period.
We facilitate arrangements for third-party financing extended to channel partners, consisting of revolving short-term financing, generally with payment terms ranging from 60 to 90 days. In certain instances, these financing arrangements result in a transfer of our receivables to the third party. The receivables are derecognized upon transfer, as these transfers qualify as a sale, and we receive a payment for the receivables from the third party based on our standard payment terms. These financing arrangements facilitate the working capital requirements of the channel partners, and, in some cases, we guarantee a portion of these arrangements. We could be called upon to make payments under these guarantees if the channel partners do not pay. Deferred revenue relating to these financing arrangements is recorded in accordance with revenue recognition policies or for the fair value of the financing guarantees.
Financing receivables primarily consist of loan receivables and lease receivables. Loan receivables represent financing arrangements related to the sale of our hardware, software, and services (including technical support and advanced services), and also may include additional funding for other costs associated with network installation and integration of our products and services. Loan receivables have terms of one year to three years on average. Lease receivables represent sales-type leases resulting from the sale of Cisco’s and complementary third-party products and are typically collateralized by a security interest in the underlying assets. Lease receivables consist of arrangements with terms of four years on average.
Leases
(h) Leases We lease real estate, information technology (IT) and other equipment and vehicles. We also have arrangements with certain suppliers and contract manufacturers which includes the leasing of dedicated space and equipment costs. Our leases have the option to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option.
As a lessee, we determine if an arrangement is a lease at commencement. Our right-of-use (ROU) lease assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments related to the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. We use incremental borrowing rates based on information available at the commencement date to determine the present value of our lease payments. Certain of our lease agreements contain variable lease payments. Our variable lease payments can fluctuate depending on the level of activity or the cost of certain services where we have elected to combine lease and non-lease components. While these payments are not included as part of our lease liabilities, they are recognized as variable lease expense in the period they are incurred.
We provide leasing of our equipment and complementary third-party products primarily through our channel partners and distributors, for which the income arising from these leases is recognized through interest income. As a lessor, we determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. We provide leasing arrangements for our equipment to certain qualified customers. Our lease portfolio primarily consists of sales-type leases. We allocate the consideration in a bundled contract with our customers based on relative standalone selling prices of our lease and non-lease components. The residual value on our leased equipment is determined at the inception of the lease based on an analysis of estimates of the value of equipment, market factors and historical customer behavior. Residual value estimates are reviewed on a periodic basis and other-than-temporary declines are expensed in the period they occur. Our leases generally provide an end-of-term option for the customer to extend the lease under mutually-agreed terms, return the leased equipment, or purchase the equipment for either the then-market value of the equipment or a pre-determined purchase price. If a customer chooses to terminate their lease prior to the original end of termination date, the customer is required to pay all remaining lease payments in full.
Leases
(h) Leases We lease real estate, information technology (IT) and other equipment and vehicles. We also have arrangements with certain suppliers and contract manufacturers which includes the leasing of dedicated space and equipment costs. Our leases have the option to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option.
As a lessee, we determine if an arrangement is a lease at commencement. Our right-of-use (ROU) lease assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments related to the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. We use incremental borrowing rates based on information available at the commencement date to determine the present value of our lease payments. Certain of our lease agreements contain variable lease payments. Our variable lease payments can fluctuate depending on the level of activity or the cost of certain services where we have elected to combine lease and non-lease components. While these payments are not included as part of our lease liabilities, they are recognized as variable lease expense in the period they are incurred.
We provide leasing of our equipment and complementary third-party products primarily through our channel partners and distributors, for which the income arising from these leases is recognized through interest income. As a lessor, we determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. We provide leasing arrangements for our equipment to certain qualified customers. Our lease portfolio primarily consists of sales-type leases. We allocate the consideration in a bundled contract with our customers based on relative standalone selling prices of our lease and non-lease components. The residual value on our leased equipment is determined at the inception of the lease based on an analysis of estimates of the value of equipment, market factors and historical customer behavior. Residual value estimates are reviewed on a periodic basis and other-than-temporary declines are expensed in the period they occur. Our leases generally provide an end-of-term option for the customer to extend the lease under mutually-agreed terms, return the leased equipment, or purchase the equipment for either the then-market value of the equipment or a pre-determined purchase price. If a customer chooses to terminate their lease prior to the original end of termination date, the customer is required to pay all remaining lease payments in full.
Depreciation and Amortization
(i) Depreciation and Amortization  Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation or amortization, whenever applicable. Depreciation and amortization expenses for property and equipment were approximately $0.7 billion for each of fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method, generally over the following periods:
Asset CategoryPeriod
Buildings
25 years
Building improvements
Up to 15 years
Leasehold improvements
Shorter of remaining lease term or up to 15 years
Production, engineering, computer and other equipment and related software
Up to 5 years
Operating lease assetsBased on lease term
Furniture and fixtures
5 years
Business Combinations
(j) Business Combinations We allocate the fair value of the purchase consideration of our acquisitions to the tangible assets, liabilities, and intangible assets acquired, including in-process research and development (IPR&D), based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. IPR&D is initially capitalized at fair value as an intangible asset with an indefinite life and assessed for impairment thereafter. When an IPR&D project is completed, the IPR&D is reclassified as an amortizable purchased intangible asset and amortized over the asset’s estimated useful life. Acquisition-related expenses and related restructuring costs are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred.
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets
(k) Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets  Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis in the fourth fiscal quarter and, when specific circumstances dictate, between annual tests. When impaired, the carrying value of goodwill is written down to fair value. Identifying a potential impairment consists of comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. Purchased intangible assets with finite lives are carried at cost, less accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. See “Long-Lived Assets” for our policy regarding impairment testing of purchased intangible assets with finite lives. Purchased intangible assets with indefinite lives are assessed for potential impairment annually or when events or circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts might be impaired.
Long-Lived Assets (l) Long-Lived Assets  Long-lived assets that are held and used by us are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability of long-lived assets is based on an estimate of the undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of an impairment loss for long-lived assets that management expects to hold and use is based on the difference between the fair value of the asset and its carrying value. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
Fair Value
(m) Fair Value  Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be either recorded or disclosed at fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact, and we also consider assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.
The accounting guidance for fair value measurement requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The fair value hierarchy is as follows:
Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. We use inputs such as actual trade data, benchmark yields, broker/dealer quotes, and other similar data, which are obtained from quoted market prices, independent pricing vendors, or other sources, to determine the ultimate fair value of assets or liabilities.
Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The fair values are determined based on model-based techniques such as discounted cash flow models using inputs that we could not corroborate with market data.
Our non-marketable equity securities using the measurement alternative are adjusted to fair value on a non-recurring basis. Adjustments are made when observable transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer occur, or due to impairment. These securities are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy because we estimate the value based on valuation methods using the observable transaction price at the transaction date and other unobservable inputs such as volatility, rights, and obligations of the securities we hold.
The fair value for purchased intangible assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis was categorized as Level 3 due to the use of significant unobservable inputs in the valuation. Significant unobservable inputs that were used included expected revenues and net income related to the assets and the expected life of the assets. The difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of the assets was recorded as an impairment charge, which was included in product cost of sales and operating expenses as applicable. See Note 5.
Derivative Instruments
(n) Derivative Instruments  We recognize derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities and measure those instruments at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. For a derivative instrument designated as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss is recognized in earnings in the period of change together with the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributed to the risk being hedged. For a derivative instrument designated as a cash flow hedge, the gain or loss is initially reported as a component of AOCI and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings. For a derivative instrument designated as a net investment hedge of our foreign operations, the gain or loss is recorded in the cumulative translation adjustment within AOCI together with the offsetting loss or gain of the hedged exposure of the underlying foreign operations. For derivative instruments that are not designated as accounting hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings in the period of change. We record derivative instruments in the statements of cash flows to operating, investing, or financing activities consistent with the cash flows of the hedged item.
Hedge effectiveness for foreign exchange forward contracts used as cash flow hedges is assessed by comparing the change in the fair value of the hedge contract with the change in the fair value of the forecasted cash flows of the hedged item. Hedge effectiveness for equity forward contracts and foreign exchange net investment hedge forward contracts is assessed by comparing changes in fair value due to changes in spot rates for both the derivative and the hedged item. For foreign exchange option contracts, hedge effectiveness is assessed based on the hedging instrument’s entire change in fair value. Hedge effectiveness for interest rate swaps is assessed by comparing the change in fair value of the swap with the change in the fair value of the hedged item due to changes in the benchmark interest rate.
We use derivative instruments primarily to manage exposures to foreign currency exchange rate, interest rate, and equity price risks. Our primary objective in holding derivatives is to reduce the volatility of earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates, and equity prices. Our derivatives expose us to credit risk to the extent that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreement. We seek to mitigate such risks by limiting our counterparties to major financial institutions and requiring collateral in certain cases. In addition, the potential risk of loss with any one counterparty resulting from credit risk is monitored. Management does not expect material losses as a result of defaults by counterparties.
Foreign Currency Translation
(o) Foreign Currency Translation  Assets and liabilities of non-U.S. subsidiaries that operate in a local currency environment, where that local currency is the functional currency, are translated to U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, with the resulting translation adjustments directly recorded to a separate component of AOCI. Income and expense accounts are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Remeasurement adjustments are recorded in other income (loss), net.
Concentrations of Risk
(p) Concentrations of Risk  Cash and cash equivalents are maintained with several financial institutions. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and are maintained with financial institutions with reputable credit and therefore bear minimal credit risk. We seek to mitigate our credit risks by spreading such risks across multiple counterparties and monitoring the risk profiles of these counterparties.
We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and, with the exception of certain financing transactions, do not require collateral from our customers. We receive certain of our components from sole suppliers. Additionally, we rely on a limited number of contract manufacturers and suppliers to provide manufacturing services for our products. The inability of a contract manufacturer or supplier to fulfill our supply requirements could materially impact future operating results.
Revenue Recognition
(q) Revenue Recognition  We enter into contracts with customers that can include various combinations of products and services which are generally distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations, resulting in contracts that may contain multiple performance obligations. We determine whether arrangements are distinct based on whether the customer can benefit from the product or service on its own or together with other resources that are readily available and whether our
commitment to transfer the product or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other obligations in the contract. We classify our hardware, perpetual software licenses, and SaaS as distinct performance obligations. Term software licenses represent multiple obligations, which include software licenses and software maintenance. In transactions where we deliver hardware or software, we are typically the principal and we record revenue and costs of goods sold on a gross basis. We refer to our term software licenses, security software licenses, SaaS, and associated service arrangements as subscription offers. Revenue from subscription offers includes revenue recognized over time as well as upfront.
We recognize revenue upon transfer of control of promised goods or services in a contract with a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products or services. Transfer of control occurs once the customer has the contractual right to use the product, generally upon shipment, electronic delivery (or when the software is available for download by the customer), or once title and risk of loss has transferred to the customer. Transfer of control can also occur over time for software maintenance and services as the customer receives the benefit over the contract term. Our hardware and perpetual software licenses are distinct performance obligations where revenue is recognized upfront upon transfer of control. Term software licenses include multiple performance obligations where the term licenses are recognized upfront upon transfer of control, with the associated software maintenance revenue recognized ratably over the contract term as services and software updates are provided. SaaS arrangements do not include the right for the customer to take possession of the software during the term, and therefore have one distinct performance obligation which is satisfied over time with revenue recognized ratably over the contract term as the customer consumes the services. On our product sales, we record consideration from shipping and handling on a gross basis within net product sales. We record our revenue net of any associated sales taxes. An allowance for future sales returns is established based on historical trends in product return rates and the related provision is recorded as a reduction to revenue.
Revenue is allocated among these performance obligations in a manner that reflects the consideration that we expect to be entitled to for the promised goods or services based on standalone selling prices (SSP). SSP is estimated for each distinct performance obligation and judgment may be required in their determination. The best evidence of SSP is the observable price of a product or service when we sell the goods separately in similar circumstances and to similar customers. In instances where SSP is not directly observable, we determine SSP using information that may include market conditions and other observable inputs.
We assess relevant contractual terms in our customer contracts to determine the transaction price. We apply judgment in identifying contractual terms and determining the transaction price as we may be required to estimate variable consideration when determining the amount of revenue to recognize. Variable consideration includes potential contractual penalties and various rebate, cooperative marketing and other incentive programs that we offer to our distributors, channel partners and direct sale customers. When determining the amount of revenue to recognize, we estimate the expected usage of these programs, applying the expected value or most likely estimate and update the estimate at each reporting period as actual utilization becomes available. We also consider the customers’ right of return in determining the transaction price, where applicable.
We assess certain software licenses, such as for security software, that contain critical updates or upgrades which customers can download throughout the contract term. Without these updates or upgrades, the functionality of the software would diminish over a relatively short time period. These updates or upgrades provide the customer the full functionality of the purchased security software licenses and are required to maintain the security license’s utility as the risks and threats in the environment are rapidly changing. In these circumstances, the revenue from these software arrangements is recognized as a single performance obligation satisfied over the contract term.
Observability consists of our network assurance, monitoring and analytics and observability suite offerings. These products consist primarily of software offerings, including software licenses and SaaS. Our perpetual software in this category are distinct performance obligations where revenue is recognized upfront upon transfer of control. Term software licenses are multiple performance obligations where the term license is recognized upfront upon transfer of control with the associated software maintenance revenue recognized ratably over the contract term. SaaS arrangements in this category have one distinct performance obligation which is satisfied over time with revenue recognized ratably over the contract term.
In addition to our product offerings, we provide a broad range of service and support options for our customers, including technical support services and advanced services. Technical support services represent the majority of these offerings which are distinct performance obligations that are satisfied over time with revenue recognized ratably over the contract term. Advanced services are distinct performance obligations that are satisfied over time with revenue recognized as services are delivered.
The sales arrangements as discussed above are typically made pursuant to customer purchase orders based on master purchase or partner agreements. Cash is received based on our standard payment terms which is typically 30 days. We provide financing
arrangements to customers for our hardware, software and service offerings. Refer to Note 9 for additional information. For these arrangements, cash is typically received over time.
Subscription revenue includes revenue recognized from our term software licenses, security software licenses, SaaS, and associated service arrangements.
Advertising Costs (r) Advertising Costs  We expense advertising costs as incurred.
Share-Based Compensation Expense
(s) Share-Based Compensation Expense  We measure and recognize the compensation expense for all share-based awards made to employees and directors, including restricted stock units (RSUs), performance-based restricted stock units (PRSUs), employee stock purchases related to the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Employee Stock Purchase Rights) and employee stock options based on estimated fair values. Share-based compensation expense is reduced for forfeitures as they occur.
Software Development Costs
(t) Software Development Costs  Software development costs, including costs to develop software sold, leased, or otherwise marketed, that are incurred subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility are capitalized. Costs incurred during the application development stage for internal-use software and cloud-based applications are capitalized. Such software development costs capitalized during the periods presented were not material.
Income Taxes
(u) Income Taxes  Income tax expense is based on pretax financial accounting income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that will more likely than not be realized.
We account for uncertainty in income taxes using a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. We classify the liability for unrecognized tax benefits as current to the extent that we anticipate payment (or receipt) of cash within one year. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recognized in the provision for income taxes.
Computation of Net Income per Share
(v) Computation of Net Income per Share  Basic net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted shares outstanding includes the dilutive effect of in-the-money options, unvested restricted stock, and restricted stock units. The dilutive effect of such equity awards is calculated based on the average share price for each fiscal period using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the amount the employee must pay for exercising stock options and the amount of compensation cost for future service that we have not yet recognized are collectively assumed to be used to repurchase shares.
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
(w) Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities  Our approach in assessing the consolidation requirement for variable interest entities focuses on identifying which enterprise has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the variable interest entity’s economic performance and which enterprise has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the variable interest entity. Should we conclude that we are the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity, the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of the variable interest entity will be included in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Use of Estimates
(x) Use of Estimates  The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are used for the following, among others:
Revenue recognition
Allowances for accounts receivable, sales returns, and financing receivables
Inventory valuation and liability for purchase commitments with contract manufacturers and suppliers
Loss contingencies and product warranties
Fair value measurements
Valuation of goodwill and purchased intangible assets
Income taxes
The actual results that we experience may differ materially from our estimates.
Recent Accounting Updates Recently Adopted and Recent Accounting Standards or Updates Not Yet Effective as of Fiscal Year End
(y) Recent Accounting Updates Recently Adopted
Segment Reporting In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an accounting standard update that expands the disclosure requirements for reportable segments, primarily through enhanced disclosures around significant segment expenses. We adopted this accounting standard update for our fiscal 2025 Form 10-K with comparative periods updated to reflect additional disclosures. See Note 19.
(z) Recent Accounting Standards or Updates Not Yet Effective as of Fiscal Year End
Improvements on Income Tax Disclosures In December 2023, the FASB issued an accounting standard update expanding the requirements for disclosure of disaggregated information about the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The accounting standard update will be effective for our fiscal 2026 Form 10-K. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard update on our income tax disclosures.
Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses In November 2024, the FASB issued an accounting standard update expanding the disclosure requirements about specific expense categories, primarily through disaggregated information on income statement line items. The accounting standard update will be effective for our fiscal 2028 Form 10-K, and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard update on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Offsetting of Derivative Instruments
We present our derivative instruments at gross fair values in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. However, our master netting and other similar arrangements with the respective counterparties allow for net settlement under certain conditions, which are designed to reduce credit risk by permitting net settlement with the same counterparty.
To further limit credit risk, we also enter into collateral security arrangements related to certain derivative instruments whereby cash is posted as collateral between the counterparties based on the fair market value of the derivative instrument.
Hedging Derivatives Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
We conduct business globally in numerous currencies. Therefore, we are exposed to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. To limit the exposure related to foreign currency changes, we enter into foreign currency contracts. We do not enter into such contracts for speculative purposes.
We may hedge forecasted foreign currency transactions related to certain revenues, operating expenses and service cost of sales with currency options and forward contracts. These currency options and forward contracts, designated as cash flow hedges, generally have maturities of less than 24 months. The derivative instrument’s gain or loss is initially reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings.
We enter into foreign exchange forward and option contracts to reduce the short-term effects of foreign currency fluctuations on assets and liabilities such as foreign currency receivables, long-term customer financings and payables. These derivatives are not designated as hedging instruments. Gains and losses on the contracts are included in other income (loss), net, and substantially offset foreign exchange gains and losses from the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the reporting entity.
We hedge certain net investments in our foreign operations with forward contracts to reduce the effects of foreign currency fluctuations on our net investment in those foreign subsidiaries. These derivative instruments generally have maturities of up to six months.
(d)Interest Rate Risk
We periodically enter into treasury lock agreements, designated as cash flow hedges, in order to hedge the impact of changes in the U.S. benchmark interest rate on future interest payments in anticipation of future debt offerings. Changes in the fair value of treasury lock agreements are recorded to AOCI and reclassified into earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings.
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges Equity Price Risk We are exposed to variability in compensation charges related to certain deferred compensation obligations to employees and directors. Although not designated as accounting hedges, we utilize derivatives such as total return swaps to economically hedge this exposure and offset the related compensation expense.
Commitments and Contingencies We purchase components from a variety of suppliers and use several contract manufacturers to provide manufacturing services for our products. During the normal course of business, in order to manage manufacturing lead times and help ensure adequate component supply, we enter into agreements with contract manufacturers and suppliers that allow them to procure inventory based upon criteria as defined by us or establish the parameters defining our requirements. A significant portion of our reported purchase commitments arising from these agreements consists of firm, noncancelable, and unconditional commitments. Certain of these inventory purchase commitments are directly with suppliers, and relate to fixed-dollar commitments to secure supply and pricing for certain product components for multi-year periods. In certain instances, these agreements allow us the option to cancel, reschedule, and adjust our requirements based on our business needs prior to firm orders being placed.
Indemnifications
In the normal course of business, we have indemnification obligations to other parties, including customers, lessors, and parties to other transactions with us, with respect to certain matters. We have agreed to indemnify against losses arising from a breach of representations or covenants or out of intellectual property infringement or other claims made against certain parties. These agreements may limit the time or circumstances within which an indemnification claim can be made and the amount of the claim.
It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount for claims made under the indemnification obligations due to uncertainties in the litigation process, coordination with and contributions by other parties and the defendants in these types of cases, and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular case and agreement. Historically, indemnity payments made by us have not had a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Segment Information Revenue and Gross Margin by Segment
We conduct business globally and are primarily managed on a geographic basis consisting of three segments: the Americas, EMEA, and APJC. Our chief executive officer is the chief operating decision maker (CODM). The CODM reviews certain financial information for each segment, to evaluate performance and allocate resources by comparing actual performance to our annual targets. Performance of each segment is measured based on segment revenue and segment gross margin.
We do not allocate research and development, sales and marketing, or general and administrative expenses to our segments because the CODM does not include this information in our measurement of performance of the operating segments. In addition, we do not allocate amortization and impairment of acquisition-related intangible assets, share-based compensation expense, significant litigation settlements (which includes the supplier-related legal settlement as described in Note 21) and other contingencies, charges related to asset impairments and restructurings, and certain other charges to the cost of sales and gross margin for each segment because the CODM does not include this information in the measurement of the performance of our operating segments.
v3.25.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Depreciation Period by Type of Assets Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method, generally over the following periods:
Asset CategoryPeriod
Buildings
25 years
Building improvements
Up to 15 years
Leasehold improvements
Shorter of remaining lease term or up to 15 years
Production, engineering, computer and other equipment and related software
Up to 5 years
Operating lease assetsBased on lease term
Furniture and fixtures
5 years
Property and Equipment, Net
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Gross property and equipment:
Land, buildings, and building and leasehold improvements$4,045 $4,247 
Production, engineering, computer and other equipment and related software5,178 5,160 
Operating lease assets51 115 
Furniture, fixtures and other316 351 
Total gross property and equipment9,590 9,873 
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization(7,477)(7,783)
Total$2,113 $2,090 
v3.25.2
Revenue (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table presents this disaggregation of revenue (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Product revenue:
Networking$28,304 $29,229 $34,570 
Security8,094 5,075 3,859 
Collaboration4,154 4,113 4,052 
Observability1,055 837 661 
Total Product41,608 39,253 43,142 
Services15,046 14,550 13,856 
Total revenue$56,654 $53,803 $56,998 
Our subscription revenue is recorded in product and services revenue in our Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Product$17,783 $14,078 $11,931 
Services13,743 13,302 12,709 
Total$31,526 $27,380 $24,640 
The following table presents revenue for groups of similar products and services (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Revenue:
Networking$28,304 $29,229 $34,570 
Security8,094 5,075 3,859 
Collaboration4,154 4,113 4,052 
Observability1,055 837 661 
Total Product41,608 39,253 43,142 
Services15,046 14,550 13,856 
Total$56,654 $53,803 $56,998 
Allowance for Credit Loss for Accounts Receivable
The allowances for credit loss for our accounts receivable are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Allowance for credit loss at beginning of fiscal year$87 $85 $83 
Provisions33 36 39 
Recoveries (write-offs), net(51)(34)(37)
Allowance for credit loss at end of fiscal year$69 $87 $85 
Schedule of Gross Contract Assets by Internal Risk Ratings
Gross contract assets by our internal risk ratings are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
1 to 4$1,358 $1,266 
5 to 61,868 1,456 
7 and Higher73 72 
Total$3,299 $2,794 
v3.25.2
Acquisitions (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, Transaction between Entities under Common Control, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]  
Summary of Allocation of Total Purchase Consideration
Allocation of the total purchase consideration for acquisitions we completed during fiscal 2025 is summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal 2025Purchase ConsiderationNet Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)Purchased Intangible AssetsGoodwill
Total acquisitions$293 $(21)$121 $193 
Allocation of the total purchase consideration for acquisitions we completed during fiscal 2024 is summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal 2024Purchase ConsiderationNet Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)Purchased Intangible AssetsGoodwill
Splunk$27,090 $(2,761)$10,550 $19,301 
Other acquisitions1,370 (47)500 917 
Total acquisitions$28,460 $(2,808)$11,050 $20,218 
The following table summarizes the purchase consideration for the Splunk acquisition (in millions):
Amount
Cash paid for outstanding Splunk common stock$26,950 
Fair value of converted Splunk equity awards attributable to pre-acquisition services137 
Settlement of pre-existing relationships
Total purchase consideration$27,090 
Allocation of the total purchase consideration for Splunk is presented as follows (in millions):
Amount
Cash and cash equivalents$2,422 
Investments285 
Accounts receivable, net623 
Goodwill19,301 
Purchased intangible assets10,550 
Deferred tax assets1,308 
Other current and noncurrent assets1,176 
Accounts payable(39)
Accrued compensation(337)
Current portion of deferred revenue(1,768)
Splunk convertible notes(3,344)
Deferred tax liabilities(2,523)
Noncurrent portion of deferred revenue(86)
Other current and other noncurrent liabilities(478)
Total$27,090 
Allocation of the total purchase consideration for acquisitions completed during fiscal 2023 is summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal 2023Purchase ConsiderationNet Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)Purchased Intangible AssetsGoodwill
Total acquisitions$315 $(18)$150 $183 
Pro Forma Financial Information
The following table summarizes the pro forma financial information (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Total revenue$56,761 $60,841 
Net income$9,280 $10,078 
Compensation Expense Related to Business Acquisitions
The following table summarizes the compensation expense related to acquisitions (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Compensation expense related to acquisitions$876 $618 $222 
v3.25.2
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill by Reportable Segment
The following tables present the goodwill allocated to our reportable segments as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, as well as the changes to goodwill during fiscal 2025 and 2024 (in millions):
Balance at July 27, 2024Acquisitions, net of DivestituresForeign Currency Translation and OtherBalance at July 26, 2025
Americas$36,169 $121 $178 $36,468 
EMEA14,283 47 67 14,397 
APJC8,208 23 40 8,271 
Total$58,660 $191 $285 $59,136 
 Balance at July 29, 2023SplunkOther AcquisitionsForeign Currency Translation
and Other
Balance at July 27, 2024
Americas$24,035 $11,619 $573 $(58)$36,169 
EMEA9,118 4,980 207 (22)14,283 
APJC5,382 2,702 137 (13)8,208 
Total$38,535 $19,301 $917 $(93)$58,660 
Schedule of Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations
The following tables present details of our intangible assets acquired through acquisitions completed during fiscal 2025 and 2024 (in millions, except years):
 FINITE LIVESINDEFINITE
LIVES
TOTAL
 CUSTOMER
RELATED
TECHNOLOGYTRADE NAMEIPR&D
Fiscal 2025Weighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountAmountAmount
Total acquisitions3.5$16 3.8$105  $ $ $121 
 FINITE LIVESINDEFINITE
LIVES
TOTAL
 CUSTOMER
RELATED
TECHNOLOGYTRADE NAMEIPR&D
Fiscal 2024Weighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountAmountAmount
Splunk9.1$6,140 6.0$3,900 12.0$510 $— $10,550 
Others4.983 4.8400 1.314 500 
Total acquisitions$6,223 $4,300 $513 $14 $11,050 
Schedule of Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations
The following tables present details of our intangible assets acquired through acquisitions completed during fiscal 2025 and 2024 (in millions, except years):
 FINITE LIVESINDEFINITE
LIVES
TOTAL
 CUSTOMER
RELATED
TECHNOLOGYTRADE NAMEIPR&D
Fiscal 2025Weighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountAmountAmount
Total acquisitions3.5$16 3.8$105  $ $ $121 
 FINITE LIVESINDEFINITE
LIVES
TOTAL
 CUSTOMER
RELATED
TECHNOLOGYTRADE NAMEIPR&D
Fiscal 2024Weighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountWeighted-
Average Useful
Life (in Years)
AmountAmountAmount
Splunk9.1$6,140 6.0$3,900 12.0$510 $— $10,550 
Others4.983 4.8400 1.314 500 
Total acquisitions$6,223 $4,300 $513 $14 $11,050 
Schedule of Purchased Intangible Assets
The following tables present details of our purchased intangible assets (in millions): 
July 26, 2025GrossAccumulated AmortizationNet
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:
Customer related$6,341 $(1,268)$5,073 
Technology5,254 (1,606)3,648 
Trade name526 (72)454 
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives12,121 (2,946)9,175 
In-process research and development, with indefinite lives   
Total$12,121 $(2,946)$9,175 
July 27, 2024GrossAccumulated AmortizationNet
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:
Customer related$6,844 $(829)$6,015 
Technology6,680 (2,006)4,674 
Trade name553 (49)504 
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives14,077 (2,884)11,193 
In-process research and development, with indefinite lives26 — 26 
Total$14,103 $(2,884)$11,219 
Schedule of Purchased Intangible Assets
The following tables present details of our purchased intangible assets (in millions): 
July 26, 2025GrossAccumulated AmortizationNet
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:
Customer related$6,341 $(1,268)$5,073 
Technology5,254 (1,606)3,648 
Trade name526 (72)454 
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives12,121 (2,946)9,175 
In-process research and development, with indefinite lives   
Total$12,121 $(2,946)$9,175 
July 27, 2024GrossAccumulated AmortizationNet
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:
Customer related$6,844 $(829)$6,015 
Technology6,680 (2,006)4,674 
Trade name553 (49)504 
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives14,077 (2,884)11,193 
In-process research and development, with indefinite lives26 — 26 
Total$14,103 $(2,884)$11,219 
Schedule of Amortization of Purchased Intangible Assets
The following table presents the amortization of purchased intangible assets, including impairment charges (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Amortization of purchased intangible assets:
Cost of sales$1,174 $955 $649 
Operating expenses1,028 698 282 
Total$2,202 $1,653 $931 
Schedule of Estimated Future Amortization Expense of Purchased Intangible Assets
The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets with finite lives as of July 26, 2025 is as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$1,828 
20271,480 
20281,401 
20291,275 
2030991 
Thereafter2,200 
Total$9,175 
v3.25.2
Restructuring and Other Charges (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Restructuring Charges [Abstract]  
Activities Related to Restructuring and Other Charges
The following table summarizes the activities related to our restructuring liability, which is included in other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions):
FISCAL 2025 PLANFISCAL 2024 AND
PRIOR PLANS
Employee SeveranceOtherEmployee
Severance
OtherTotal
Liability as of July 30, 2022$— $— $$$
Charges — — 465 66 531 
Cash payments— — (302)(12)(314)
Non-cash items— — (15)(13)
Liability as of July 29, 2023— — 167 46 213 
Charges — — 731 58 789 
Cash payments— — (677)(14)(691)
Non-cash items— — — (37)(37)
Liability as of July 27, 2024  221 53 274 
Charges617 127   744 
Cash payments(582)(9)(170)(9)(770)
Non-cash items31 (72)(29)(31)(101)
Liability as of July 26, 2025$66 $46 $22 $13 $147 
v3.25.2
Balance Sheet and Other Details (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
The following tables provide details of selected balance sheet and other items (in millions, except percentages):
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents$8,346 $7,508 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents included in other current assets564 765 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents included in other assets 569 
Total$8,910 $8,842 
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
The following tables provide details of selected balance sheet and other items (in millions, except percentages):
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents$8,346 $7,508 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents included in other current assets564 765 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents included in other assets 569 
Total$8,910 $8,842 
Inventories
Inventories
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Raw materials$1,744 $2,039 
Work in process261 83 
Finished goods933 1,027 
Service-related spares220 216 
Demonstration systems6 
Total$3,164 $3,373 
Property and Equipment, Net Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method, generally over the following periods:
Asset CategoryPeriod
Buildings
25 years
Building improvements
Up to 15 years
Leasehold improvements
Shorter of remaining lease term or up to 15 years
Production, engineering, computer and other equipment and related software
Up to 5 years
Operating lease assetsBased on lease term
Furniture and fixtures
5 years
Property and Equipment, Net
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Gross property and equipment:
Land, buildings, and building and leasehold improvements$4,045 $4,247 
Production, engineering, computer and other equipment and related software5,178 5,160 
Operating lease assets51 115 
Furniture, fixtures and other316 351 
Total gross property and equipment9,590 9,873 
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization(7,477)(7,783)
Total$2,113 $2,090 
Remaining Performance Obligations
Remaining Performance Obligations (RPO)
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Product$21,572 $20,055 
Services21,961 20,993 
Total$43,533 $41,048 
Short-term RPO$21,723 $20,882 
Long-term RPO21,810 20,166 
Total$43,533 $41,048 
Amount to be recognized as revenue over the next 12 months
50 %51 %
Deferred revenue$28,779 $28,475 
Unbilled contract revenue14,754 12,573 
Total$43,533 $41,048 
Deferred Revenue
Deferred Revenue
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Product$13,490 $13,219 
Services15,289 15,256 
Total$28,779 $28,475 
Reported as:
Current$16,416 $16,249 
Noncurrent12,363 12,226 
Total$28,779 $28,475 
Transition Tax Payable
Our income tax payable associated with the one-time U.S. transition tax on accumulated earnings for foreign subsidiaries as a result of the Tax Act is as follows:
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Current$1,595 $1,819 
Noncurrent— 2,273 
Total$1,595 $4,092 
v3.25.2
Leases (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Leases [Abstract]  
Operating Lease Balances
The following table presents our operating lease balances (in millions):
Balance Sheet Line ItemJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Operating lease ROU assetsOther assets$1,301 $1,066 
Operating lease liabilitiesOther current liabilities$375 $364 
Operating lease liabilitiesOther long-term liabilities1,175 906 
Total operating lease liabilities$1,550 $1,270 
Lease Expenses and Supplemental Information
The components of our lease expenses were as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Operating lease expense$495 $420 $425 
Short-term lease expense77 75 65 
Variable lease expense191 194 242 
Total lease expense$763 $689 $732 
Supplemental information related to our operating leases is as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities — operating cash flows $457 $394 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating leases liabilities$660 $459 
Maturities of Operating Leases
The maturities of our operating leases (undiscounted) as of July 26, 2025 are as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$429 
2027322 
2028247 
2029200 
2030181 
Thereafter369 
Total lease payments1,748 
Less interest(198)
Total$1,550 
Future Minimum Lease Payments on Lease Receivables
Future minimum lease payments on our lease receivables as of July 26, 2025 are summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$342 
2027163 
2028234 
2029177 
203034 
Thereafter32 
Total982 
Less: Present value of lease payments883 
Unearned income$99 
Operating Lease Assets Amounts relating to equipment on operating lease assets held by us and the associated accumulated depreciation are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Operating lease assets$51 $115 
Accumulated depreciation(17)(61)
Operating lease assets, net$34 $54 
Minimum Future Rentals on Noncancelable Operating Leases
Minimum future rentals on noncancelable operating leases as of July 26, 2025 are summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$16 
2027
2028
Total$25 
v3.25.2
Financing Receivables (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Receivables [Abstract]  
Financing Receivables
A summary of our financing receivables is presented as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025Loan ReceivablesLease ReceivablesTotal
Gross$5,628 $982 $6,610 
Residual value 66 66 
Unearned income (99)(99)
Allowance for credit loss(37)(13)(50)
Total, net$5,591 $936 $6,527 
Reported as:
Current$2,715 $346 $3,061 
Noncurrent2,876 590 3,466 
Total, net$5,591 $936 $6,527 
July 27, 2024Loan ReceivablesLease ReceivablesTotal
Gross$5,858 $965 $6,823 
Residual value— 67 67 
Unearned income— (111)(111)
Allowance for credit loss(50)(15)(65)
Total, net$5,808 $906 $6,714 
Reported as:
Current$3,071 $267 $3,338 
Noncurrent2,737 639 3,376 
Total, net$5,808 $906 $6,714 
Schedule of Financing Receivables by Internal Credit Risk Rating by Period of Origination
The tables below present our gross financing receivables, excluding residual value, less unearned income, categorized by our internal credit risk rating by period of origination (in millions):
July 26, 2025Fiscal Year
Internal Credit Risk RatingPriorJuly 31, 2021July 30, 2022July 29, 2023July 27, 2024July 26, 2025Total
Loan Receivables:
1 to 4$2 $83 $236 $371 $1,258 $1,556 $3,506 
5 to 62 56 53 167 561 1,248 2,087 
7 and Higher  6 9 4 16 35 
Total Loan Receivables$4 $139 $295 $547 $1,823 $2,820 $5,628 
Lease Receivables:
1 to 4$ $9 $23 $112 $187 $207 $538 
5 to 6 6 25 77 120 103 331 
7 and Higher  1 3 8 2 14 
Total Lease Receivables$ $15 $49 $192 $315 $312 $883 
Total$4 $154 $344 $739 $2,138 $3,132 $6,511 
July 27, 2024Fiscal Year
Internal Credit Risk RatingPriorJuly 25, 2020July 31, 2021July 30, 2022July 29, 2023July 27, 2024Total
Loan Receivables:
1 to 4$$78 $341 $555 $945 $1,803 $3,724 
5 to 629 127 130 426 1,314 2,028 
7 and Higher10 74 14 106 
Total Loan Receivables$$108 $478 $759 $1,385 $3,121 $5,858 
Lease Receivables:
1 to 4$$$38 $46 $176 $341 $610 
5 to 611 22 44 129 21 228 
7 and Higher— — 16 
Total Lease Receivables$$19 $61 $93 $309 $370 $854 
Total$$127 $539 $852 $1,694 $3,491 $6,712 
Schedule of Aging Analysis of Financing Receivables
The following tables present the aging analysis of gross receivables as of July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024 (in millions):
DAYS PAST DUE
(INCLUDES BILLED AND UNBILLED)
July 26, 202531 - 6061 - 90 91+Total
Past Due
CurrentTotal120+ Still AccruingNonaccrual
Financing
Receivables
Impaired
Financing
Receivables
Loan receivables$18 $18 $16 $52 $5,576 $5,628 $4 $5 $5 
Lease receivables7 3 6 16 867 883 4 1 1 
Total$25 $21 $22 $68 $6,443 $6,511 $8 $6 $6 
DAYS PAST DUE
(INCLUDES BILLED AND UNBILLED)
July 27, 202431 - 6061 - 90 91+Total
Past Due
CurrentTotal120+ Still AccruingNonaccrual
Financing
Receivables
Impaired
Financing
Receivables
Loan receivables$34 $17 $35 $86 $5,772 $5,858 $14 $$
Lease receivables14 23 831 854 — — 
Total$48 $21 $40 $109 $6,603 $6,712 $15 $$
Allowance for Credit Loss and Related Financing Receivables
The allowances for credit loss and the related financing receivables are summarized as follows (in millions):
 CREDIT LOSS ALLOWANCES
 Loan
Receivables
Lease
Receivables
Total
Allowance for credit loss as of July 27, 2024$50 $15 $65 
Provisions (benefits)(6)(3)(9)
Recoveries (write-offs), net(9) (9)
Foreign exchange and other2 1 3 
Allowance for credit loss as of July 26, 2025$37 $13 $50 
 CREDIT LOSS ALLOWANCES
 Loan
Receivables
Lease
Receivables
Total
Allowance for credit loss as of July 29, 2023$53 $19 $72 
Provisions (benefits)(3)(2)
Recoveries (write-offs), net(4)(1)(5)
Allowance for credit loss as of July 27, 2024$50 $15 $65 
CREDIT LOSS ALLOWANCES
Loan
Receivables
Lease
Receivables
Total
Allowance for credit loss as of July 30, 2022$103 $23 $126 
Provisions (benefits)(7)(1)(8)
Recoveries (write-offs), net(38)(3)(41)
Foreign exchange and other(5)— (5)
Allowance for credit loss as of July 29, 2023$53 $19 $72 
v3.25.2
Investments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Summary of Available-for-Sale Investments
The following tables summarize our available-for-sale debt investments (in millions):
July 26, 2025Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized and Credit Losses
Fair
Value
U.S. government securities
$1,971 $2 $(12)$1,961 
U.S. government agency securities 67   67 
Non-U.S. government and agency securities458   458 
Corporate debt securities3,138 13 (61)3,090 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities320  (34)286 
Commercial paper950   950 
Certificates of deposit569   569 
Total$7,473 $15 $(107)$7,381 

July 27, 2024Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized and Credit Losses
Fair
Value
U.S. government securities
$2,380 $$(28)$2,353 
U.S. government agency securities 223 — (2)221 
Non-U.S. government and agency securities370 — 371 
Corporate debt securities3,818 (146)3,677 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities1,959 — (178)1,781 
Commercial paper1,023 — — 1,023 
Certificates of deposit439 — — 439 
Total$10,212 $$(354)$9,865 
Gross Realized Gains and Gross Realized Losses Related to Available-for-Sale Investment
The following table presents the gross realized gains and gross realized losses related to available-for-sale debt investments (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Gross realized gains$10 $$
Gross realized losses(110)(74)(25)
Total$(100)$(67)$(21)
Available-for-Sale Investments with Gross Unrealized Losses
The following tables present the breakdown of the available-for-sale debt investments with gross unrealized losses and the duration that those losses had been unrealized at July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024 (in millions):
 UNREALIZED LOSSES
LESS THAN 12 MONTHS
UNREALIZED LOSSES
12 MONTHS OR GREATER
TOTAL
July 26, 2025Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross 
Unrealized 
Losses
U.S. government securities$1,076 $(6)$302 $(6)$1,378 $(12)
U.S. government agency securities8  21  29  
Non-U.S. government and agency securities292    292  
Corporate debt securities106  1,800 (35)1,906 (35)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities5  279 (34)284 (34)
Commercial paper30    30  
Total$1,517 $(6)$2,402 $(75)$3,919 $(81)
 UNREALIZED LOSSES
LESS THAN 12 MONTHS
UNREALIZED LOSSES
12 MONTHS OR GREATER
TOTAL
July 27, 2024Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross 
Unrealized 
Losses
U.S. government securities$598 $(2)$1,399 $(26)$1,997 $(28)
U.S. government agency securities89 — 109 (2)198 (2)
Non-U.S. government and agency securities17 — — — 17 — 
Corporate debt securities276 (1)2,818 (115)3,094 (116)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities238 (1)1,438 (177)1,676 (178)
Commercial paper10 — — — 10 — 
Total$1,228 $(4)$5,764 $(320)$6,992 $(324)
Maturities of Fixed Income Securities
The following table summarizes the maturities of our available-for-sale debt investments as of July 26, 2025 (in millions): 
Amortized CostFair Value
Within 1 year$3,959 $3,911 
After 1 year through 5 years3,194 3,184 
Mortgage-backed securities with no single maturity320 286 
Total$7,473 $7,381 
Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value We recorded adjustments to the carrying value of our investments in privately held companies measured using the measurement alternative as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Cumulative upward adjustments$195 $207 
Cumulative downward adjustments, including impairments(597)(537)
Net adjustments$(402)$(330)
v3.25.2
Fair Value (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (in millions):
JULY 26, 2025JULY 27, 2024
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTSFAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Level 1Level 2Total
Balance
Level 1Level 2Total
Balance
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds$5,885 $ $5,885 $3,334 $— $3,334 
Commercial paper 336 336 — 468 468 
Certificates of deposit   — 14 14 
Corporate debt securities 1 1 — 25 25 
Available-for-sale debt investments:
U.S. government securities 1,961 1,961 — 2,353 2,353 
U.S. government agency securities 67 67 — 221 221 
Non-U.S. government and agency securities 458 458 — 371 371 
Corporate debt securities 3,090 3,090 — 3,677 3,677 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities 286 286 — 1,781 1,781 
Commercial paper 950 950 — 1,023 1,023 
Certificates of deposit 569 569 — 439 439 
Equity investments:
Marketable equity securities383  383 481 — 481 
Other current assets:
Money market funds563  563 750 — 750 
Other assets:
Money market funds   563 — 563 
Derivative assets 32 32 — 64 64 
Total$6,831 $7,750 $14,581 $5,128 $10,436 $15,564 
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities$ $31 $31 $— $74 $74 
Total$ $31 $31 $— $74 $74 
v3.25.2
Borrowings (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Short-Term Debt
The following table summarizes our short-term debt (in millions, except percentages):
 July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
 AmountEffective RateAmountEffective Rate
Current portion of senior notes$1,749 4.15 %$488 6.66 %
Commercial paper3,482 4.37 %10,853 5.43 %
Current portion of other debt1 1.13 %— — 
Total$5,232 $11,341 
Schedule of Long-Term Debt
The following table summarizes our long-term debt (in millions, except percentages):
 July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
 Maturity DateAmountEffective RateAmountEffective Rate
Senior notes:
Fixed-rate notes:
3.50%June 15, 2025$ $500 6.66%
4.90%February 26, 20261,000 5.00%1,000 5.00%
2.95%February 28, 2026750 3.01%750 3.01%
2.50%September 20, 20261,500 2.55%1,500 2.55%
4.80%February 26, 20272,000 4.90%2,000 4.90%
4.55%February 24, 20281,000 4.61%— 
4.85%February 26, 20292,500 4.91%2,500 4.91%
4.75%February 24, 20301,000 4.73%— 
4.95%February 26, 20312,500 5.04%2,500 5.04%
4.95%February 24, 20321,000 4.94%— 
5.05%February 26, 20342,500 4.97%2,500 4.97%
5.10%February 24, 20351,250 5.11%— 
5.90%February 15, 20392,000 6.11%2,000 6.11%
5.50%January 15, 20402,000 5.67%2,000 5.67%
5.30%February 26, 20542,000 5.28%2,000 5.28%
5.50%February 24, 2055750 5.49%— 
5.35%February 26, 20641,000 5.42%1,000 5.42%
Other debt3 1.13%1.13%
Total24,753 20,253 
Unaccreted discount/issuance costs(142)(133)
Hedge accounting fair value adjustments (11)
Total$24,611 $20,109 
Reported as:
Current portion of long-term debt$1,750 $488 
Long-term debt22,861 19,621 
Total$24,611 $20,109 
Schedule of Principal Payments for Long-Term Debt
As of July 26, 2025, future principal payments for long-term debt, including the current portion, are summarized as follows (in millions):
Fiscal YearAmount
2026$1,751 
20273,502 
20281,000 
20292,500 
20301,000 
Thereafter15,000 
Total$24,753 
v3.25.2
Derivative Instruments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments by Balance Sheet Line Item
The fair values of our derivative instruments and the line items on the Consolidated Balance Sheets to which they were recorded are summarized as follows (in millions):
 DERIVATIVE ASSETSDERIVATIVE LIABILITIES
 Balance Sheet Line ItemJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024Balance Sheet Line ItemJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign currency derivativesOther current assets$17 $47 Other current liabilities$2 $
Foreign currency derivativesOther assets10 15 Other long-term liabilities2 — 
Interest rate derivativesOther current assets — Other current liabilities 11 
Total27 62 4 12 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign currency derivativesOther current assets3 Other current liabilities17 47 
Foreign currency derivativesOther assets2 — Other long-term liabilities10 15 
Total5 27 62 
Total$32 $64 $31 $74 
Cumulative Basis Adjustments for Fair Value Hedges
The following amounts were recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to cumulative basis adjustments for our fair value hedges (in millions):
 CARRYING AMOUNT OF THE HEDGED ASSETS/(LIABILITIES)CUMULATIVE AMOUNT OF FAIR VALUE HEDGING ADJUSTMENT INCLUDED IN THE CARRYING AMOUNT OF THE HEDGED ASSETS/LIABILITIES
Balance Sheet Line Item of Hedged ItemJuly 26,
2025
July 27,
2024
July 26,
2025
July 27,
2024
Short-term debt$ $(488)$ $11 
Effect on Derivative Instruments Designated as Fair Value Hedges
The effect of derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges, recognized in interest and other income (loss), net is summarized as follows (in millions):
GAINS (LOSSES) FOR 
THE YEARS ENDED
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Interest rate derivatives:
Hedged items$(11)$(30)$31 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments11 30 (31)
Total$ $— $— 
Effect of Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Fair Value Hedges on Consolidated Statement of Operations
The effect on the Consolidated Statements of Operations of derivative instruments not designated as hedges is summarized as follows (in millions):
  GAINS (LOSSES) FOR 
THE YEARS ENDED
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging InstrumentsLine Item in Statements of OperationsJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Foreign currency derivativesOther income (loss), net$102 $(162)$
Total return swaps—deferred compensationOperating expenses and other56 91 58 
Equity derivativesOther income (loss), net 13 
Total$158 $(69)$72 
Schedule of Notional Amounts of Derivatives Outstanding
The notional amounts of our outstanding derivatives are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Foreign currency derivatives$8,978 $7,434 
Interest rate derivatives 500 
Total return swaps—deferred compensation1,087 985 
Total$10,065 $8,919 
v3.25.2
Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Purchase Commitments
The following table summarizes our inventory purchase commitments with contract manufacturers and suppliers by period (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Less than 1 year$7,202 $3,952 
1 to 3 years320 1,085 
3 to 5 years77 121 
Total$7,599 $5,158 
Schedule of Product Warranty Liability
The following table summarizes the activity related to the product warranty liability (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Balance at beginning of fiscal year$362 $329 $333 
Provisions for warranties issued403 425 386 
Adjustments for pre-existing warranties42 22 18 
Settlements (408)(414)(408)
Balance at end of fiscal year$399 $362 $329 
Schedule of Guarantor Obligations The aggregate amounts of channel partner financing guarantees outstanding at July 26, 2025 and July 27, 2024, representing the total maximum potential future payments under financing arrangements with third parties along with the related deferred revenue, are summarized in the following table (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Maximum potential future payments$123 $127 
Deferred revenue(13)(13)
Total$110 $114 
v3.25.2
Stockholders' Equity (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Stock Repurchase Program
Our stock repurchase activity under the stock repurchase program, reported based on the trade date, is summarized as follows (in millions, except per-share amounts):
Years EndedSharesWeighted-Average Price per ShareAmount
July 26, 2025105 $56.53 $5,995 
July 27, 2024117 $49.45 $5,764 
July 29, 202388 $48.49 $4,271 
v3.25.2
Employee Benefit Plans (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense
Share-based compensation expense consists of expenses for RSUs, stock purchase rights, and stock options, granted to employees or assumed from acquisitions. The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Cost of sales—product$255 $214 $151 
Cost of sales—services329 300 245 
Share-based compensation expense in cost of sales584 514 396 
Research and development1,625 1,316 1,008 
Sales and marketing918 846 673 
General and administrative476 375 270 
Restructuring and other charges38 23 
Share-based compensation expense in operating expenses3,057 2,560 1,957 
Total share-based compensation expense$3,641 $3,074 $2,353 
Income tax benefit for share-based compensation$871 $696 $449 
Summary of Restricted Stock and Stock Unit Activity
A summary of the restricted stock and stock unit activity, which includes time-based and performance-based or market-based RSUs, is as follows (in millions, except per-share amounts):
Restricted Stock/
Stock Units
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair
Value per Share
Aggregate Fair  Value
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 30, 202297 $46.67 
Granted and assumed72 42.08 
Vested(39)46.69 $1,746 
Canceled/forfeited/other(8)45.17 
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 29, 2023122 44.04 
Granted and assumed63 48.97 
Vested(58)43.46 $2,906 
Canceled/forfeited/other(10)45.65 
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 27, 2024117 46.86 
Granted and assumed70 55.73 
Vested(65)46.95 $3,707 
Canceled/forfeited/other(9)48.04 
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 26, 2025113 $52.26 
Schedule of Valuation Assumptions for Time-based RSUs and PRSUs
The assumptions for the valuation of time-based RSUs and PRSUs are summarized as follows:
RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Number of shares granted (in millions)65 60 70 
Grant date fair value per share$55.93 $48.71 $42.13 
Weighted-average assumptions/inputs:
   Expected dividend yield2.7 %3.0 %3.4 %
   Range of risk-free interest rates
3.5% 4.9%
4.2% 5.6%
3.7% 5.7%
PERFORMANCE BASED RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Number of shares granted (in millions)4 
Grant date fair value per share$54.50 $59.31 $40.44 
Schedule of Valuation Assumptions for Employee Stock Purchase Rights
The assumptions for the valuation of employee stock purchase rights are summarized as follows:
 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE RIGHTS
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Weighted-average assumptions:
   Expected volatility22.5 %28.3 %28.7 %
   Risk-free interest rate5.0 %2.9 %2.8 %
   Expected dividend3.3 %3.5 %3.6 %
   Expected life (in years)1.31.21.2
Weighted-average estimated grant date fair value per share$12.18 $11.59 $12.40 
v3.25.2
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Equity [Abstract]  
Components of AOCI, Net of Tax
The components of AOCI, net of tax, and the other comprehensive income (loss) are summarized as follows (in millions):
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale InvestmentsNet Unrealized Gains (Losses) Cash Flow Hedging InstrumentsCumulative Translation Adjustment and Actuarial Gains (Losses)Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
BALANCE AT JULY 30, 2022$(379)$44 $(1,287)$(1,622)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(113)29 116 32 
(Gains) losses reclassified out of AOCI21 (63)(1)(43)
Tax benefit (expense)31 19 58 
BALANCE AT JULY 29, 2023(440)18 (1,153)(1,575)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications193 128 (115)206 
(Gains) losses reclassified out of AOCI67 (49)(2)16 
Tax benefit (expense)(61)(18)(77)
BALANCE AT JULY 27, 2024(241)79 (1,268)(1,430)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications152 29 304 485 
(Gains) losses reclassified out of AOCI100 (47) 53 
Tax benefit (expense)(68)4 2 (62)
BALANCE AT JULY 26, 2025$(57)$65 $(962)$(954)
v3.25.2
Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes consists of the following (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Federal:
Current$956 $1,939 $3,754 
Deferred(838)(883)(1,955)
118 1,056 1,799 
State:
Current431 388 623 
Deferred(250)11 (175)
181 399 448 
Foreign:
Current665 559 412 
Deferred(44)(100)46 
621 459 458 
Total$920 $1,914 $2,705 
Income Before Provision for Income Taxes
Income before provision for income taxes consists of the following (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
United States$9,500 $10,790 $14,074 
International1,600 1,444 1,244 
Total$11,100 $12,234 $15,318 
Difference Between Income Taxes at Federal Statutory Rate and Provision for Income Taxes
The items accounting for the difference between income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate and the provision for income taxes consist of the following:
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Federal statutory rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
Effect of:
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit1.3 2.8 2.4 
Foreign income at other than U.S. rates0.7 (0.3)(0.1)
Tax credits(2.7)(2.4)(0.3)
Foreign-derived intangible income deduction(6.0)(5.5)(5.8)
Stock-based compensation0.7 0.7 1.1 
Impact of the Tax Act(6.5)— — 
Other, net(0.2)(0.7)(0.6)
Total8.3 %15.6 %17.7 %
Aggregate Changes in Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits
The aggregate changes in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Beginning balance$2,156 $2,137 $3,101 
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year283 205 159 
Additions for tax positions of prior years81 256 261 
Reductions for tax positions of prior years(68)(344)(265)
Settlements(75)(53)(1,063)
Lapse of statute of limitations(40)(45)(56)
Ending balance$2,337 $2,156 $2,137 
Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The following table presents the breakdown for net deferred tax assets (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Deferred tax assets$7,356 $6,262 
Deferred tax liabilities(75)(76)
Total net deferred tax assets$7,281 $6,186 
The following table presents the components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
ASSETS
Inventory write-downs and capitalization$532 $530 
Deferred foreign income221 277 
IPR&D and purchased intangible assets961 1,039 
Depreciation242 184 
Deferred revenue1,933 2,034 
Credits and net operating loss carryforwards1,350 1,863 
Share-based compensation expense319 297 
Accrued compensation175 275 
Lease liabilities379 308 
Capitalized research expenditures4,182 3,030 
Other678 559 
Gross deferred tax assets10,972 10,396 
Valuation allowance(910)(1,024)
Total deferred tax assets10,062 9,372 
LIABILITIES
Goodwill and purchased intangible assets(2,288)(2,808)
ROU lease assets(315)(259)
Other(178)(119)
Total deferred tax liabilities(2,781)(3,186)
Total net deferred tax assets$7,281 $6,186 
Change in Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets
The changes in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets are summarized as follows (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Balance at beginning of fiscal year$1,024 $754 $834 
Additions33 148 35 
Additions from Splunk 147 — 
Deductions(4)(4)(18)
Write-offs(145)(20)(93)
Foreign exchange and other2 (1)(4)
Balance at end of fiscal year$910 $1,024 $754 
v3.25.2
Segment Information and Major Customers (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Reportable Segments
The following summarizes our revenue and gross margin by segment and the significant expenses by each segment for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023 (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Revenue:
Americas$33,656 $31,971 $33,447 
EMEA14,824 14,117 15,135 
APJC8,174 7,716 8,417 
Total$56,654 $53,803 $56,998 
Gross margin:
Americas$22,962 $21,372 $21,350 
EMEA10,545 9,755 10,016 
APJC5,431 5,187 5,424 
Segment total38,938 36,312 36,788 
Unallocated corporate items(2,148)(1,484)(1,035)
Total$36,790 $34,828 $35,753 
Supplemental information about our significant expenses:
Americas:
Cost of sales — product$8,206 $8,077 $9,479 
Cost of sales — services2,487 2,523 2,619 
Segment total$10,694 $10,600 $12,097 
EMEA:
Cost of sales — product$3,138 $3,264 $3,998 
Cost of sales — services1,140 1,098 1,121 
Segment total$4,279 $4,362 $5,119 
APJC:
Cost of sales — product$2,010 $1,838 $2,324 
Cost of sales — services734 690 668 
Segment total$2,743 $2,529 $2,992 
Revenue for Groups of Similar Products and Services
The following table presents this disaggregation of revenue (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Product revenue:
Networking$28,304 $29,229 $34,570 
Security8,094 5,075 3,859 
Collaboration4,154 4,113 4,052 
Observability1,055 837 661 
Total Product41,608 39,253 43,142 
Services15,046 14,550 13,856 
Total revenue$56,654 $53,803 $56,998 
Our subscription revenue is recorded in product and services revenue in our Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Product$17,783 $14,078 $11,931 
Services13,743 13,302 12,709 
Total$31,526 $27,380 $24,640 
The following table presents revenue for groups of similar products and services (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Revenue:
Networking$28,304 $29,229 $34,570 
Security8,094 5,075 3,859 
Collaboration4,154 4,113 4,052 
Observability1,055 837 661 
Total Product41,608 39,253 43,142 
Services15,046 14,550 13,856 
Total$56,654 $53,803 $56,998 
Property and Equipment Information for Geographic Areas The following table presents our long-lived assets, which consists of property and equipment, net and operating lease ROU assets information for geographic areas (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Long-lived assets:
United States$2,370 $2,253 
International1,044 903 
Total$3,414 $3,156 
v3.25.2
Net Income per Share (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Calculation of Basic and Diluted Net Income per Share
The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net income per share (in millions, except per-share amounts):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Net income$10,180 $10,320 $12,613 
Weighted-average shares—basic3,976 4,043 4,093 
Effect of dilutive potential common shares22 19 12 
Weighted-average shares—diluted3,998 4,062 4,105 
Net income per share—basic$2.56 $2.55 $3.08 
Net income per share—diluted$2.55 $2.54 $3.07 
Antidilutive employee share-based awards, excluded78 82 86 
v3.25.2
Basis of Presentation (Details)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
segment
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Number of geographic segments 3
Number of operating segments 3
v3.25.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]      
Average lease term 4 years    
Financing receivable, threshold period past due 31 days    
Financing receivable, threshold for not accruing interest 120 days    
Depreciation and amortization expenses $ 700 $ 700 $ 700
Advertising costs $ 186 $ 210 $ 205
Minimum      
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]      
Loan receivables term 1 year    
Channel partners revolving short-term financing payment term 60 days    
Maximum      
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]      
Loan receivables term 3 years    
Channel partners revolving short-term financing payment term 90 days    
v3.25.2
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Depreciation Period by Asset Category (Details)
Jul. 26, 2025
Buildings  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Property and equipment, useful life 25 years
Building improvements | Maximum  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Property and equipment, useful life 15 years
Leasehold improvements | Maximum  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Property and equipment, useful life 15 years
Production, engineering, computer and other equipment and related software | Maximum  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Property and equipment, useful life 5 years
Furniture and fixtures  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Property and equipment, useful life 5 years
v3.25.2
Revenue - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue $ 56,654 $ 53,803 $ 56,998
Product      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue 41,608 39,253 43,142
Networking      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue 28,304 29,229 34,570
Security      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue 8,094 5,075 3,859
Collaboration      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue 4,154 4,113 4,052
Observability      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue 1,055 837 661
Services      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue 15,046 14,550 13,856
Subscription      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue 31,526 27,380 24,640
Subscription, Product      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue 17,783 14,078 11,931
Subscription, Service      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Total revenue $ 13,743 $ 13,302 $ 12,709
v3.25.2
Revenue - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Payment terms 30 days    
Accounts receivable, net $ 6,701 $ 6,685  
Deferred revenue 28,779 28,475  
Revenue recognized 16,100    
Total deferred sales commissions 1,500 1,300  
Amortization of sales commissions, expense 957 742 $ 723
Software and Service Agreements      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Contract assets, net of allowances 3,200 2,700  
Contract assets, net of allowance, current $ 1,700 $ 1,400  
v3.25.2
Revenue - Allowance for Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]      
Allowance for credit loss at beginning of fiscal year $ 87 $ 85 $ 83
Provisions 33 36 39
Recoveries (write-offs), net (51) (34) (37)
Allowance for credit loss at end of fiscal year $ 69 $ 87 $ 85
v3.25.2
Revenue - Schedule of Internal Risk Ratings for Contract Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Gross contract assets $ 3,299 $ 2,794
1 to 4    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Gross contract assets 1,358 1,266
5 to 6    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Gross contract assets 1,868 1,456
7 and Higher    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Gross contract assets $ 73 $ 72
v3.25.2
Acquisitions - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Mar. 18, 2024
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Purchase Consideration     $ 28,460  
Net Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)     (2,808)  
Purchased Intangible Assets   $ 121 11,050  
Goodwill     20,218  
Total transaction costs   12 104 $ 26
Future compensation expense & contingent consideration (up to)   618    
Splunk        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Purchase Consideration $ 27,090   27,090  
Net Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)     (2,761)  
Purchased Intangible Assets     10,550  
Goodwill     19,301  
Acquisition price (in dollars per share) $ 157      
Equity value of acquisition $ 27,000      
Revenue since date of acquisition     1,400  
Net loss since date of acquisition     (557)  
Total transaction costs $ 82   79  
Acquisitions        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Purchase Consideration   293 1,370 315
Net Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)   (21) (47) (18)
Purchased Intangible Assets   121 500 150
Goodwill   193 917 183
Cash and cash equivalents acquired   $ 15 $ 24 $ 7
v3.25.2
Acquisitions - Summary of Allocation of Total Purchase Consideration (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Mar. 18, 2024
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Purchase Consideration     $ 28,460  
Net Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)     (2,808)  
Purchased Intangible Assets   $ 121 11,050  
Goodwill     20,218  
Splunk        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Purchase Consideration $ 27,090   27,090  
Net Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)     (2,761)  
Purchased Intangible Assets     10,550  
Goodwill     19,301  
Acquisitions        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Purchase Consideration   293 1,370 $ 315
Net Tangible Assets Acquired (Liabilities Assumed)   (21) (47) (18)
Purchased Intangible Assets   121 500 150
Goodwill   $ 193 $ 917 $ 183
v3.25.2
Acquisitions - Splunk Purchase Consideration (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Mar. 18, 2024
Jul. 27, 2024
Business Combination [Line Items]    
Purchase Consideration   $ 28,460
Splunk    
Business Combination [Line Items]    
Cash paid for outstanding Splunk common stock $ 26,950  
Fair value of converted Splunk equity awards attributable to pre-acquisition services 137  
Settlement of pre-existing relationships 3  
Purchase Consideration $ 27,090 $ 27,090
v3.25.2
Acquisitions - Summary of Preliminary Allocation of Purchase Consideration (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Mar. 18, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Goodwill $ 59,136 $ 58,660   $ 38,535
Splunk        
Business Combination [Line Items]        
Cash and cash equivalents     $ 2,422  
Investments     285  
Accounts receivable, net     623  
Goodwill     19,301  
Purchased intangible assets     10,550  
Deferred tax assets     1,308  
Other current and noncurrent assets     1,176  
Accounts payable     (39)  
Accrued compensation     (337)  
Current portion of deferred revenue     (1,768)  
Splunk convertible notes     (3,344)  
Deferred tax liabilities     (2,523)  
Noncurrent portion of deferred revenue     (86)  
Other current and other noncurrent liabilities     (478)  
Total     $ 27,090  
v3.25.2
Acquisitions - Pro Forma Financial Information (Details) - Splunk - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Business Combination [Line Items]    
Total revenue $ 56,761 $ 60,841
Net income $ 9,280 $ 10,078
v3.25.2
Acquisitions - Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Business Combination [Line Items]      
Future compensation expense & contingent consideration (up to) $ 618    
All Acquisitions      
Business Combination [Line Items]      
Compensation expense related to acquisitions $ 876 $ 618 $ 222
v3.25.2
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets - Schedule of Goodwill by Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance $ 58,660 $ 38,535
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures 191  
Foreign Currency Translation and Other 285 (93)
Ending balance 59,136 58,660
Splunk    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures   19,301
Acquisitions    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures   917
Americas    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance 36,169 24,035
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures 121  
Foreign Currency Translation and Other 178 (58)
Ending balance 36,468 36,169
Americas | Splunk    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures   11,619
Americas | Acquisitions    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures   573
EMEA    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance 14,283 9,118
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures 47  
Foreign Currency Translation and Other 67 (22)
Ending balance 14,397 14,283
EMEA | Splunk    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures   4,980
EMEA | Acquisitions    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures   207
APJC    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance 8,208 5,382
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures 23  
Foreign Currency Translation and Other 40 (13)
Ending balance $ 8,271 8,208
APJC | Splunk    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures   2,702
APJC | Acquisitions    
Goodwill [Roll Forward]    
Acquisitions, net of Divestitures   $ 137
v3.25.2
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets - Schedule of Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Total intangible assets acquired $ 121 $ 11,050  
Splunk      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Total intangible assets acquired   10,550  
Acquisitions      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Total intangible assets acquired 121 500 $ 150
IPR&D      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Indefinite-lived intangible assets acquired $ 0 14  
IPR&D | Splunk      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Indefinite-lived intangible assets acquired   0  
IPR&D | Acquisitions      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Indefinite-lived intangible assets acquired   14  
Customer related      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years) 3 years 6 months    
Finite lived intangible assets acquired $ 16 $ 6,223  
Customer related | Splunk      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)   9 years 1 month 6 days  
Finite lived intangible assets acquired   $ 6,140  
Customer related | Acquisitions      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)   4 years 10 months 24 days  
Finite lived intangible assets acquired   $ 83  
Technology      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years) 3 years 9 months 18 days    
Finite lived intangible assets acquired $ 105 $ 4,300  
Technology | Splunk      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)   6 years  
Finite lived intangible assets acquired   $ 3,900  
Technology | Acquisitions      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)   4 years 9 months 18 days  
Finite lived intangible assets acquired   $ 400  
Trade name      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Finite lived intangible assets acquired $ 0 $ 513  
Trade name | Splunk      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)   12 years  
Finite lived intangible assets acquired   $ 510  
Trade name | Acquisitions      
Schedule Of Finite Lived And Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets Acquired Through Business Combinations [Line Items]      
Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)   1 year 3 months 18 days  
Finite lived intangible assets acquired   $ 3  
v3.25.2
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets - Schedule of Purchased Intangible Assets with Finite and Indefinite Lives (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:    
Gross $ 12,121 $ 14,077
Accumulated Amortization (2,946) (2,884)
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives, net 9,175 11,193
In-process research and development, with indefinite lives 0 26
Total finite and indefinite lives intangible assets, gross 12,121 14,103
Total finite and indefinite lives intangible assets, net 9,175 11,219
Customer related    
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:    
Gross 6,341 6,844
Accumulated Amortization (1,268) (829)
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives, net 5,073 6,015
Technology    
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:    
Gross 5,254 6,680
Accumulated Amortization (1,606) (2,006)
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives, net 3,648 4,674
Trade name    
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:    
Gross 526 553
Accumulated Amortization (72) (49)
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives, net $ 454 $ 504
v3.25.2
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]    
Impairment charges related to purchased intangible assets $ 40 $ 145
Impairment, Intangible Asset, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Total cost of sales, Operating Expenses  
v3.25.2
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets - Schedule of Amortization of Purchased Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]      
Amortization of purchased intangible assets $ 1,028 $ 698 $ 282
Cost of sales      
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]      
Amortization of purchased intangible assets 1,174 955 649
Operating expenses      
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]      
Amortization of purchased intangible assets 1,028 698 282
Total      
Intangible Asset, Acquired, Finite-Lived [Line Items]      
Amortization of purchased intangible assets $ 2,202 $ 1,653 $ 931
v3.25.2
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets - Schedule of Estimated Future Amortization Expense of Purchased Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense [Abstract]    
2026 $ 1,828  
2027 1,480  
2028 1,401  
2029 1,275  
2030 991  
Thereafter 2,200  
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives, net $ 9,175 $ 11,193
v3.25.2
Restructuring and Other Charges - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended
Oct. 26, 2024
Jul. 26, 2025
FISCAL 2025 PLAN    
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]    
Percentage of global workforce impacted by restructure 7.00%  
Expected restructuring costs   $ 1,000
Cumulative restructuring charges incurred   744
Fiscal 2024 Plan    
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]    
Cumulative restructuring charges incurred   654
Fiscal 2023 Plan    
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]    
Cumulative restructuring charges incurred   $ 670
v3.25.2
Restructuring and Other Charges - Schedule of Activities Related to Restructuring and Other Charges (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]      
Liability, beginning of period $ 274 $ 213 $ 9
Charges 744 789 531
Cash payments (770) (691) (314)
Non-cash items (101) (37) (13)
Liability, end of period $ 147 274 213
Restructuring Charges, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Restructuring and other charges    
FISCAL 2025 PLAN | Employee Severance      
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]      
Liability, beginning of period $ 0 0 0
Charges 617 0 0
Cash payments (582) 0 0
Non-cash items 31 0 0
Liability, end of period 66 0 0
FISCAL 2025 PLAN | Other      
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]      
Liability, beginning of period 0 0 0
Charges 127 0 0
Cash payments (9) 0 0
Non-cash items (72) 0 0
Liability, end of period 46 0 0
FISCAL 2024 AND PRIOR PLANS | Employee Severance      
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]      
Liability, beginning of period 221 167 2
Charges 0 731 465
Cash payments (170) (677) (302)
Non-cash items (29) 0 2
Liability, end of period 22 221 167
FISCAL 2024 AND PRIOR PLANS | Other      
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]      
Liability, beginning of period 53 46 7
Charges 0 58 66
Cash payments (9) (14) (12)
Non-cash items (31) (37) (15)
Liability, end of period $ 13 $ 53 $ 46
v3.25.2
Balance Sheet and Other Details - Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Jul. 30, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]        
Cash and cash equivalents $ 8,346 $ 7,508    
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents included in other current assets 564 765    
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents included in other assets 0 569    
Total $ 8,910 $ 8,842 $ 11,627 $ 8,579
v3.25.2
Balance Sheet and Other Details - Inventories (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]    
Raw materials $ 1,744 $ 2,039
Work in process 261 83
Finished goods 933 1,027
Service-related spares 220 216
Demonstration systems 6 8
Total $ 3,164 $ 3,373
v3.25.2
Balance Sheet and Other Details - Property and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Operating lease assets $ 51 $ 115
Total gross property and equipment 9,590 9,873
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (7,477) (7,783)
Total 2,113 2,090
Land, buildings, and building and leasehold improvements    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Gross property and equipment, excluding operating lease assets 4,045 4,247
Production, engineering, computer and other equipment and related software    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Gross property and equipment, excluding operating lease assets 5,178 5,160
Furniture, fixtures and other    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Gross property and equipment, excluding operating lease assets $ 316 $ 351
v3.25.2
Balance Sheet and Other Details - Remaining Performance Obligations (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]    
Remaining performance obligation $ 43,533 $ 41,048
Deferred revenue 28,779 28,475
Unbilled contract revenue    
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]    
Remaining performance obligation 14,754 12,573
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-07-28    
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]    
Remaining performance obligation   $ 20,882
Period for amount to be recognized as revenue   12 months
Amount to be recognized as revenue over the next 12 months   51.00%
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-07-27    
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]    
Remaining performance obligation $ 21,723 $ 20,166
Period for amount to be recognized as revenue 12 months
Amount to be recognized as revenue over the next 12 months 50.00%  
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-07-26    
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]    
Remaining performance obligation $ 21,810  
Period for amount to be recognized as revenue  
Product    
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]    
Remaining performance obligation $ 21,572 $ 20,055
Deferred revenue 13,490 13,219
Services    
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]    
Remaining performance obligation 21,961 20,993
Deferred revenue $ 15,289 $ 15,256
v3.25.2
Balance Sheet and Other Details - Deferred Revenue (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]    
Deferred revenue $ 28,779 $ 28,475
Current 16,416 16,249
Noncurrent 12,363 12,226
Product    
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]    
Deferred revenue 13,490 13,219
Services    
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]    
Deferred revenue $ 15,289 $ 15,256
v3.25.2
Balance Sheet and Other Details - Transition Tax Payable (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]    
Current $ 1,595 $ 1,819
Noncurrent 0 2,273
Total $ 1,595 $ 4,092
v3.25.2
Leases - Operating Lease Balances (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Leases [Abstract]    
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other assets Other assets
Operating lease ROU assets $ 1,301 $ 1,066
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other current liabilities Other current liabilities
Operating lease liabilities $ 375 $ 364
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other long-term liabilities Other long-term liabilities
Operating lease liabilities $ 1,175 $ 906
Total operating lease liabilities $ 1,550 $ 1,270
v3.25.2
Leases - Lease expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Leases [Abstract]      
Operating lease expense $ 495 $ 420 $ 425
Short-term lease expense 77 75 65
Variable lease expense 191 194 242
Total lease expense $ 763 $ 689 $ 732
v3.25.2
Leases - Supplemental Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Leases [Abstract]    
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities — operating cash flows $ 457 $ 394
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating leases liabilities $ 660 $ 459
v3.25.2
Leases - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Leases [Abstract]      
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) 5 years 8 months 12 days 4 years 10 months 24 days  
Weighted-average discount rate 4.10% 4.00%  
Sales-type lease term, on average 4 years    
Interest income, lease receivables $ 66 $ 65 $ 51
Operating lease income $ 37 $ 58 $ 73
Operating Lease, Lease Income, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Total revenue    
v3.25.2
Leases - Lessee Arrangements, Maturities of Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Leases [Abstract]    
2026 $ 429  
2027 322  
2028 247  
2029 200  
2030 181  
Thereafter 369  
Total lease payments 1,748  
Less interest (198)  
Total operating lease liabilities $ 1,550 $ 1,270
v3.25.2
Leases - Lessor Arrangements, Future Minimum Lease Receivables (Details)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
2026 $ 342
2027 163
2028 234
2029 177
2030 34
Thereafter 32
Total 982
Less: Present value of lease payments 883
Unearned income $ 99
v3.25.2
Leases - Operating Lease Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Leases [Abstract]    
Operating lease assets $ 51 $ 115
Accumulated depreciation (17) (61)
Operating lease assets, net $ 34 $ 54
v3.25.2
Leases - Lessor Arrangements, Minimum Future Rentals on Operating Leases (Details)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
2026 $ 16
2027 7
2028 2
Total $ 25
v3.25.2
Financing Receivables - Additional Information (Details)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]  
Average lease term 4 years
Financing receivable, threshold period past due 31 days
Minimum  
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]  
Loan receivables term 1 year
Maximum  
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]  
Loan receivables term 3 years
v3.25.2
Financing Receivables - Schedule of Financing Receivables (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Jul. 30, 2022
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]        
Gross $ 6,610 $ 6,823    
Residual value 66 67    
Unearned income (99) (111)    
Allowance for credit loss (50) (65) $ (72) $ (126)
Total, net 6,527 6,714    
Current 3,061 3,338    
Noncurrent 3,466 3,376    
Loan Receivables        
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]        
Gross 5,628 5,858    
Unearned income 0 0    
Allowance for credit loss (37) (50) (53) (103)
Total, net 5,591 5,808    
Current 2,715 3,071    
Noncurrent 2,876 2,737    
Lease Receivables        
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]        
Gross 982 965    
Residual value 66 67    
Unearned income (99) (111)    
Allowance for credit loss (13) (15) $ (19) $ (23)
Total, net 936 906    
Current 346 267    
Noncurrent $ 590 $ 639    
v3.25.2
Financing Receivables - Schedule of Financing Receivables Categorized by Internal Credit Risk Rating (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Origination year - Prior $ 4 $ 9
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2021/2020 154 127
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2022/2021 344 539
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2023/2022 739 852
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2024/2023 2,138 1,694
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2025/2024 3,132 3,491
Total 6,511 6,712
Loan Receivables    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Origination year - Prior 4 7
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2021/2020 139 108
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2022/2021 295 478
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2023/2022 547 759
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2024/2023 1,823 1,385
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2025/2024 2,820 3,121
Total 5,628 5,858
Loan Receivables | 1 to 4    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Origination year - Prior 2 2
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2021/2020 83 78
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2022/2021 236 341
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2023/2022 371 555
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2024/2023 1,258 945
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2025/2024 1,556 1,803
Total 3,506 3,724
Loan Receivables | 5 to 6    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Origination year - Prior 2 2
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2021/2020 56 29
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2022/2021 53 127
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2023/2022 167 130
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2024/2023 561 426
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2025/2024 1,248 1,314
Total 2,087 2,028
Loan Receivables | 7 and Higher    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Origination year - Prior 0 3
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2021/2020 0 1
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2022/2021 6 10
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2023/2022 9 74
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2024/2023 4 14
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2025/2024 16 4
Total 35 106
Lease Receivables    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Origination year - Prior 0 2
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2021/2020 15 19
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2022/2021 49 61
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2023/2022 192 93
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2024/2023 315 309
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2025/2024 312 370
Total 883 854
Lease Receivables | 1 to 4    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Origination year - Prior 0 1
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2021/2020 9 8
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2022/2021 23 38
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2023/2022 112 46
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2024/2023 187 176
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2025/2024 207 341
Total 538 610
Lease Receivables | 5 to 6    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Origination year - Prior 0 1
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2021/2020 6 11
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2022/2021 25 22
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2023/2022 77 44
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2024/2023 120 129
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2025/2024 103 21
Total 331 228
Lease Receivables | 7 and Higher    
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]    
Origination year - Prior 0 0
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2021/2020 0 0
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2022/2021 1 1
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2023/2022 3 3
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2024/2023 8 4
Origination year - Fiscal Year 2025/2024 2 8
Total $ 14 $ 16
v3.25.2
Financing Receivables - Schedule of Aging Analysis of Financing Receivables (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables $ 6,511 $ 6,712
120+ Still Accruing 8 15
Nonaccrual Financing Receivables 6 7
Impaired Financing Receivables 6 7
Total Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 68 109
31 - 60    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 25 48
61 - 90     
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 21 21
91+    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 22 40
Current    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 6,443 6,603
Loan Receivables    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 5,628 5,858
120+ Still Accruing 4 14
Nonaccrual Financing Receivables 5 7
Impaired Financing Receivables 5 7
Loan Receivables | Total Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 52 86
Loan Receivables | 31 - 60    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 18 34
Loan Receivables | 61 - 90     
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 18 17
Loan Receivables | 91+    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 16 35
Loan Receivables | Current    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 5,576 5,772
Lease Receivables    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 883 854
120+ Still Accruing 4 1
Nonaccrual Financing Receivables 1 0
Impaired Financing Receivables 1 0
Lease Receivables | Total Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 16 23
Lease Receivables | 31 - 60    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 7 14
Lease Receivables | 61 - 90     
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 3 4
Lease Receivables | 91+    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables 6 5
Lease Receivables | Current    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Gross Financing Receivables $ 867 $ 831
v3.25.2
Financing Receivables - Summary of Allowances for Credit Loss and Related Financing Receivables (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]      
Allowance for credit loss, beginning of period $ 65 $ 72 $ 126
Provisions (benefits) (9) (2) (8)
Recoveries (write-offs), net (9) (5) (41)
Foreign exchange and other 3   (5)
Allowance for credit loss, end of period 50 65 72
Loan Receivables      
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]      
Allowance for credit loss, beginning of period 50 53 103
Provisions (benefits) (6) 1 (7)
Recoveries (write-offs), net (9) (4) (38)
Foreign exchange and other 2   (5)
Allowance for credit loss, end of period 37 50 53
Lease Receivables      
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]      
Allowance for credit loss, beginning of period 15 19 23
Provisions (benefits) (3) (3) (1)
Recoveries (write-offs), net 0 (1) (3)
Foreign exchange and other 1   0
Allowance for credit loss, end of period $ 13 $ 15 $ 19
v3.25.2
Investments - Summary of Available-for-Sale Investments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost $ 7,473 $ 10,212
Gross Unrealized Gains 15 7
Gross Unrealized and Credit Losses (107) (354)
Fair Value 7,381 9,865
U.S. government securities    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 1,971 2,380
Gross Unrealized Gains 2 1
Gross Unrealized and Credit Losses (12) (28)
Fair Value 1,961 2,353
U.S. government agency securities    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 67 223
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized and Credit Losses 0 (2)
Fair Value 67 221
Non-U.S. government and agency securities    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 458 370
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 1
Gross Unrealized and Credit Losses 0 0
Fair Value 458 371
Corporate debt securities    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 3,138 3,818
Gross Unrealized Gains 13 5
Gross Unrealized and Credit Losses (61) (146)
Fair Value 3,090 3,677
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 320 1,959
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized and Credit Losses (34) (178)
Fair Value 286 1,781
Commercial paper    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 950 1,023
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized and Credit Losses 0 0
Fair Value 950 1,023
Certificates of deposit    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 569 439
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized and Credit Losses 0 0
Fair Value $ 569 $ 439
v3.25.2
Investments - Gross Realized Gains and Gross Realized Losses Related to Available-for-Sale Investment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]      
Gross realized gains $ 10 $ 7 $ 4
Gross realized losses (110) (74) (25)
Total $ (100) $ (67) $ (21)
v3.25.2
Investments - Available-for-Sale Investments With Gross Unrealized Losses (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Fair Value $ 1,517 $ 1,228
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Gross Unrealized Losses (6) (4)
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Fair Value 2,402 5,764
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Gross Unrealized Losses (75) (320)
Total, Fair Value 3,919 6,992
Total, Gross Unrealized Losses (81) (324)
U.S. government securities    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Fair Value 1,076 598
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Gross Unrealized Losses (6) (2)
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Fair Value 302 1,399
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Gross Unrealized Losses (6) (26)
Total, Fair Value 1,378 1,997
Total, Gross Unrealized Losses (12) (28)
U.S. government agency securities    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Fair Value 8 89
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Gross Unrealized Losses 0 0
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Fair Value 21 109
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Gross Unrealized Losses 0 (2)
Total, Fair Value 29 198
Total, Gross Unrealized Losses 0 (2)
Non-U.S. government and agency securities    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Fair Value 292 17
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Gross Unrealized Losses 0 0
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Fair Value 0 0
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Gross Unrealized Losses 0 0
Total, Fair Value 292 17
Total, Gross Unrealized Losses 0 0
Corporate debt securities    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Fair Value 106 276
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Gross Unrealized Losses 0 (1)
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Fair Value 1,800 2,818
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Gross Unrealized Losses (35) (115)
Total, Fair Value 1,906 3,094
Total, Gross Unrealized Losses (35) (116)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Fair Value 5 238
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Gross Unrealized Losses 0 (1)
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Fair Value 279 1,438
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Gross Unrealized Losses (34) (177)
Total, Fair Value 284 1,676
Total, Gross Unrealized Losses (34) (178)
Commercial paper    
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]    
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Fair Value 30 10
Unrealized loss less than 12 months, Gross Unrealized Losses 0 0
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Fair Value 0 0
Unrealized losses 12 months or greater, Gross Unrealized Losses 0 0
Total, Fair Value 30 10
Total, Gross Unrealized Losses $ 0 $ 0
v3.25.2
Investments - Maturities of Fixed Income Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Amortized Cost    
Within 1 year $ 3,959  
After 1 year through 5 years 3,194  
Mortgage-backed securities with no single maturity 320  
Amortized Cost 7,473 $ 10,212
Fair Value    
Within 1 year 3,911  
After 1 year through 5 years 3,184  
Mortgage-backed securities with no single maturity 286  
Fair Value $ 7,381 $ 9,865
v3.25.2
Investments - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]      
Marketable equity securities $ 383 $ 481  
Net unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities 108 71 $ 36
Non-marketable equity securities included in other assets 600 600  
Investments in privately held companies 1,900 1,800  
Funding commitments 300    
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary      
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]      
Investments in privately held companies 800    
Noncontrolling interest 162 99  
Net Asset Value (NAV) | Private equity funds      
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]      
Non-marketable equity securities included in other assets $ 700 $ 800  
v3.25.2
Investments - Cumulative Adjustments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]    
Cumulative upward adjustments $ 195 $ 207
Cumulative downward adjustments, including impairments (597) (537)
Net adjustments $ (402) $ (330)
v3.25.2
Fair Value - Assets and Liabilities Measured At Fair Value On Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments $ 7,381 $ 9,865
Marketable equity securities 383 481
Derivative assets 32 64
Total 14,581 15,564
Liabilities:    
Derivative liabilities 31 74
Total 31 74
Money market funds    
Assets:    
Other assets 0 563
U.S. government securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 1,961 2,353
U.S. government agency securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 67 221
Non-U.S. government and agency securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 458 371
Corporate debt securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 3,090 3,677
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 286 1,781
Commercial paper    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 950 1,023
Certificates of deposit    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 569 439
Money market funds    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents 5,885 3,334
Other current assets 563 750
Commercial paper    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents 336 468
Certificates of deposit    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents 0 14
Corporate debt securities    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents 1 25
Level 1    
Assets:    
Marketable equity securities 383 481
Derivative assets 0 0
Total 6,831 5,128
Liabilities:    
Derivative liabilities 0 0
Total 0 0
Level 1 | Money market funds    
Assets:    
Other assets 0 563
Level 1 | U.S. government securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 0 0
Level 1 | U.S. government agency securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 0 0
Level 1 | Non-U.S. government and agency securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 0 0
Level 1 | Corporate debt securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 0 0
Level 1 | U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 0 0
Level 1 | Commercial paper    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 0 0
Level 1 | Certificates of deposit    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 0 0
Level 1 | Money market funds    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents 5,885 3,334
Other current assets 563 750
Level 1 | Commercial paper    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents 0 0
Level 1 | Certificates of deposit    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents 0 0
Level 1 | Corporate debt securities    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents 0 0
Level 2    
Assets:    
Marketable equity securities 0 0
Derivative assets 32 64
Total 7,750 10,436
Liabilities:    
Derivative liabilities 31 74
Total 31 74
Level 2 | Money market funds    
Assets:    
Other assets 0 0
Level 2 | U.S. government securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 1,961 2,353
Level 2 | U.S. government agency securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 67 221
Level 2 | Non-U.S. government and agency securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 458 371
Level 2 | Corporate debt securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 3,090 3,677
Level 2 | U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 286 1,781
Level 2 | Commercial paper    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 950 1,023
Level 2 | Certificates of deposit    
Assets:    
Available-for-sale debt investments 569 439
Level 2 | Money market funds    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents 0 0
Other current assets 0 0
Level 2 | Commercial paper    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents 336 468
Level 2 | Certificates of deposit    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents 0 14
Level 2 | Corporate debt securities    
Assets:    
Cash equivalents $ 1 $ 25
v3.25.2
Fair Value - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Long term loan receivables and financed service contracts carrying value $ 2,900 $ 2,700
Senior notes, carrying value 24,611 20,109
Level 2    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Borrowings, fair value $ 25,000 $ 20,400
v3.25.2
Borrowings - Schedule of Short-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Short-term Debt [Line Items]    
Short-term debt $ 5,232 $ 11,341
Current portion of senior notes    
Short-term Debt [Line Items]    
Short-term debt $ 1,749 $ 488
Effective Rate 4.15% 6.66%
Commercial paper    
Short-term Debt [Line Items]    
Short-term debt $ 3,482 $ 10,853
Effective Rate 4.37% 5.43%
Current portion of other debt    
Short-term Debt [Line Items]    
Short-term debt $ 1 $ 0
Effective Rate 1.13% 0.00%
v3.25.2
Borrowings - Additional Information (Details)
12 Months Ended
Feb. 02, 2024
USD ($)
Jul. 26, 2025
USD ($)
Feb. 28, 2025
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Amount     $ 5,000,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility | Unsecured Debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Credit facility term 5 years    
Maximum borrowing capacity $ 5,000,000,000    
Covenant, interest rate coverage ratio, minimum 3.0    
Borrowings on the funds   $ 0  
Commercial paper      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Commercial paper, maximum borrowing limit (up to)   $ 15,000,000,000.0  
v3.25.2
Borrowings - Schedule of Long-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Feb. 28, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Amount   $ 5,000  
Other debt $ 3   $ 3
Total 24,753   20,253
Unaccreted discount/issuance costs (142)   (133)
Hedge accounting fair value adjustments 0   (11)
Total 24,611   20,109
Current portion of long-term debt 1,750   488
Long-term debt $ 22,861   19,621
Fixed-Rate Notes,3.50%, Due June 15, 2025      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 3.50%    
Amount $ 0   $ 500
Effective Rate 0.00%   6.66%
Fixed-Rate Notes 4.90%, Due February 2026      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 4.90%    
Amount $ 1,000   $ 1,000
Effective Rate 5.00%   5.00%
Fixed-Rate Notes,2.95%, Due February 28, 2026      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 2.95%    
Amount $ 750   $ 750
Effective Rate 3.01%   3.01%
Fixed Rate Notes, 2.50%, Due September 20, 2026      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 2.50%    
Amount $ 1,500   $ 1,500
Effective Rate 2.55%   2.55%
Fixed Rate Notes 4.80%, Due February 2027      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 4.80%    
Amount $ 2,000   $ 2,000
Effective Rate 4.90%   4.90%
Fixed Rate Notes 4.55%, Due February 2028      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 4.55%    
Amount $ 1,000   $ 0
Effective Rate 4.61%   0.00%
Fixed Rate Notes 4.85%, Due February 2029      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 4.85%    
Amount $ 2,500   $ 2,500
Effective Rate 4.91%   4.91%
Fixed Rate Notes 4.75%, Due February 2030      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 4.75%    
Amount $ 1,000   $ 0
Effective Rate 4.73%   0.00%
Fixed Rate Notes 4.95%, Due February 2031      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 4.95%    
Amount $ 2,500   $ 2,500
Effective Rate 5.04%   5.04%
Fixed Rate Notes 4.95%, Due February 2032      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 4.95%    
Amount $ 1,000   $ 0
Effective Rate 4.94%   0.00%
Fixed Rate Notes 5.05%, Due February 2034      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 5.05%    
Amount $ 2,500   $ 2,500
Effective Rate 4.97%   4.97%
Fixed Rate Notes 5.10%, Due February 2035      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 5.10%    
Amount $ 1,250   $ 0
Effective Rate 5.11%   0.00%
Fixed-Rate Notes, 5.90%, Due February 15, 2039      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 5.90%    
Amount $ 2,000   $ 2,000
Effective Rate 6.11%   6.11%
Fixed-Rate Notes, 5.50%, Due January 15, 2040      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 5.50%    
Amount $ 2,000   $ 2,000
Effective Rate 5.67%   5.67%
Fixed-Rate Notes 5.30%, Due February 2054      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 5.30%    
Amount $ 2,000   $ 2,000
Effective Rate 5.28%   5.28%
Fixed-Rate Notes 5.50%, Due February 2055      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 5.50%    
Amount $ 750   $ 0
Effective Rate 5.49%   0.00%
Fixed-Rate Notes 5.35%, Due February 2064      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Interest rate, stated percentage 5.35%    
Amount $ 1,000   $ 1,000
Effective Rate 5.42%   5.42%
Other debt      
Debt Instrument [Line Items]      
Effective Rate 1.13%   1.13%
v3.25.2
Borrowings - Schedule of Future Principal Payments for Long-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]    
2026 $ 1,751  
2027 3,502  
2028 1,000  
2029 2,500  
2030 1,000  
Thereafter 15,000  
Total $ 24,753 $ 20,253
v3.25.2
Derivative Instruments - Derivatives Recorded at Fair Value (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE ASSETS $ 32 $ 64
DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES 31 74
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE ASSETS 27 62
DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES 4 12
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency derivatives | Other current assets    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE ASSETS 17 47
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency derivatives | Other assets    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE ASSETS 10 15
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency derivatives | Other current liabilities    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES 2 1
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency derivatives | Other long-term liabilities    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES 2 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Interest rate derivatives | Other current assets    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE ASSETS 0 0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | Interest rate derivatives | Other current liabilities    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES 0 11
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE ASSETS 5 2
DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES 27 62
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency derivatives | Other current assets    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE ASSETS 3 2
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency derivatives | Other assets    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE ASSETS 2 0
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency derivatives | Other current liabilities    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES 17 47
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | Foreign currency derivatives | Other long-term liabilities    
Derivative [Line Items]    
DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES $ 10 $ 15
v3.25.2
Derivative Instruments - Cumulative Basis Adjustments for Fair Value Hedges (Details) - Derivatives designated as hedging instruments - Short-term debt - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Derivative [Line Items]    
CARRYING AMOUNT OF THE HEDGED ASSETS/(LIABILITIES) $ 0 $ (488)
CUMULATIVE AMOUNT OF FAIR VALUE HEDGING ADJUSTMENT INCLUDED IN THE CARRYING AMOUNT OF THE HEDGED ASSETS/LIABILITIES $ 0 $ 11
v3.25.2
Derivative Instruments - Effect of Derivative Instruments Designated as Fair Value Hedges (Details) - Interest rate derivatives - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Derivative [Line Items]      
Hedged items $ (11) $ (30) $ 31
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments 11 30 (31)
Total $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Nonoperating Income (Expense) Nonoperating Income (Expense) Nonoperating Income (Expense)
v3.25.2
Derivative Instruments - Effect of Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedges on Consolidated Statement of Operations (Details) - Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
GAINS (LOSSES) FOR  THE YEARS ENDED $ 158 $ (69) $ 72
Foreign currency derivatives      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
GAINS (LOSSES) FOR  THE YEARS ENDED $ 102 $ (162) $ 1
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Other income (loss), net Other income (loss), net Other income (loss), net
Total return swaps—deferred compensation      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
GAINS (LOSSES) FOR  THE YEARS ENDED $ 56 $ 91 $ 58
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Operating Expenses Operating Expenses Operating Expenses
Equity derivatives      
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]      
GAINS (LOSSES) FOR  THE YEARS ENDED $ 0 $ 2 $ 13
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Other income (loss), net Other income (loss), net Other income (loss), net
v3.25.2
Derivative Instruments - Schedule of Notional Amounts of Derivatives Outstanding (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative notional amount $ 10,065 $ 8,919
Foreign currency derivatives    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative notional amount 8,978 7,434
Interest rate derivatives    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative notional amount 0 500
Total return swaps—deferred compensation    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative notional amount $ 1,087 $ 985
v3.25.2
Derivative Instruments - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Derivative [Line Items]    
Cash collateral provided $ 0 $ 0
Cash flow hedges    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative average remaining maturity 24 months  
Net investment hedges    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative average remaining maturity 6 months  
v3.25.2
Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Purchase Commitments (Details) - Inventory - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Unrecorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation [Line Items]    
Less than 1 year $ 7,202 $ 3,952
1 to 3 years 320 1,085
3 to 5 years 77 121
Total $ 7,599 $ 5,158
v3.25.2
Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details)
$ in Millions
8 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 23 Months Ended 36 Months Ended 84 Months Ended
Jun. 12, 2019
patent
Feb. 13, 2018
patent
Aug. 08, 2016
patent
May 24, 2022
claim
Jul. 26, 2025
USD ($)
bench_trial
patent
Jul. 27, 2024
USD ($)
Jul. 29, 2023
USD ($)
Feb. 28, 2022
patent
claim
Dec. 31, 2023
patent
Jul. 29, 2023
patent
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14) | $                
Volume of channel partner financing | $         24,900 27,100 $ 32,100      
Balance of the channel partner financing subject to guarantees | $         $ 1,300 1,200        
Centripetal | United States | Pending Litigation | Patent Infringement                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Number of allegedly infringed patents (patent) | patent   11                
Number of bench trials | bench_trial         2          
Number of patents invalidated with expected appeal | patent         1          
Number of patents found not infringed (patent) | patent                 3  
Number of patents found invalid | patent                 1  
Centripetal | German | Pending Litigation | Patent Infringement                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Number of allegedly infringed patents (patent) | patent               5    
Centripetal | German | Pending Litigation | Utility Model Infringement                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Claims filed | claim               1    
Ramot | Pending Litigation | Patent Infringement                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Number of allegedly infringed patents (patent) | patent 3                  
Claims filed | claim       2            
Egenera, Inc. | Pending Litigation | Patent Infringement                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Number of allegedly infringed patents (patent) | patent     3              
Number of patents found not infringed (patent) | patent                   2
Brazilian Tax Authority | Tax years 2003 through 2007                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Income tax examination, tax | $         $ 141          
Income tax examination, interest | $         816          
Income tax examination, penalties | $         $ 289          
Minimum                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Warranty period for products         90 days          
Channel partners revolving short-term financing payment term         60 days          
Maximum                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Warranty period for products         5 years          
Channel partners revolving short-term financing payment term         90 days          
Investments In Privately Held Companies                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14) | $         $ 300 200        
Inventory                    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]                    
Liability for purchase commitments | $         $ 206 $ 498        
v3.25.2
Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Product Warranty Liability (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Movement in Standard and Extended Product Warranty Accrual, Increase (Decrease) [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of fiscal year $ 362 $ 329 $ 333
Provisions for warranties issued 403 425 386
Adjustments for pre-existing warranties 42 22 18
Settlements (408) (414) (408)
Balance at end of fiscal year $ 399 $ 362 $ 329
v3.25.2
Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Financing Guarantees Outstanding (Details) - Channel partner - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]    
Maximum potential future payments $ 123 $ 127
Deferred revenue (13) (13)
Total $ 110 $ 114
v3.25.2
Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Aug. 13, 2025
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Class of Stock [Line Items]        
Remaining authorized repurchase amount   $ 14,200    
Cash dividends declared, per common share (in dollars per share)   $ 1.62 $ 1.58 $ 1.54
Subsequent event        
Class of Stock [Line Items]        
Cash dividends declared, per common share (in dollars per share) $ 0.41      
Stock repurchase program        
Class of Stock [Line Items]        
Stock repurchases pending settlement   $ 20 $ 25 $ 48
v3.25.2
Stockholders' Equity - Stock Repurchase Program (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]      
Shares (in shares) 105 117 88
Weighted-Average Price per Share (in dollars per share) $ 56.53 $ 49.45 $ 48.49
Amount $ 5,995 $ 5,764 $ 4,271
v3.25.2
Employee Benefit Plans - Employee Stock Incentive Plans (Details)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
stock_incentive_plan
shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Number of stock incentive plans (stock incentive plan) | stock_incentive_plan 1
Vesting period 3 years
2005 Plan  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Reduction in number of shares available for issuance after amendment (in shares) 1.5
Shares authorized for future grant (in shares) 100,000,000
v3.25.2
Employee Benefit Plans - Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Details) - Employee stock purchase plan
shares in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
period
shares
Jul. 27, 2024
shares
Jul. 29, 2023
shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Consecutive offering period 24 months    
Number of purchase periods | period 4    
Purchase period 6 months    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Discount from Market Price, Purchase Date 15.00%    
Shares issued under employee purchase plan, shares (in shares) 18 20 19
Shares reserved for issuance (in shares) 50    
v3.25.2
Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total share-based compensation expense $ 3,641 $ 3,074 $ 2,353
Income tax benefit for share-based compensation 871 696 449
Cost of sales      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total share-based compensation expense 584 514 396
Research and development      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total share-based compensation expense 1,625 1,316 1,008
Sales and marketing      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total share-based compensation expense 918 846 673
General and administrative      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total share-based compensation expense 476 375 270
Restructuring and other charges      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total share-based compensation expense 38 23 6
Share-based compensation expense in operating expenses      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total share-based compensation expense 3,057 2,560 1,957
Product | Cost of sales      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total share-based compensation expense 255 214 151
Services | Cost of sales      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Total share-based compensation expense $ 329 $ 300 $ 245
v3.25.2
Employee Benefit Plans - Additional Information - Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense (Details)
$ in Billions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
USD ($)
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Total compensation cost related to unvested share-based awards $ 4.5
Expected period of recognition of compensation cost, years 1 year 10 months 24 days
v3.25.2
Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Restricted Stock and Stock Unit Awards (Details) - Restricted Stock/Stock Units - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Restricted Stock/ Stock Units      
Unvested, Beginning balance (in shares) 117 122 97
Granted and assumed (in shares) 70 63 72
Vested (in shares) (65) (58) (39)
Canceled/forfeited/other (in shares) (9) (10) (8)
Unvested, Ending balance (in shares) 113 117 122
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share      
Unvested, Beginning balance (in dollars per share) $ 46.86 $ 44.04 $ 46.67
Granted and assumed (in dollars per share) 55.73 48.97 42.08
Vested (in dollars per share) 46.95 43.46 46.69
Canceled/forfeited/other (in dollars per share) 48.04 45.65 45.17
Unvested, Ending balance (in dollars per share) $ 52.26 $ 46.86 $ 44.04
Aggregate Fair  Value      
Vested $ 3,707 $ 2,906 $ 1,746
v3.25.2
Employee Benefit Plans - Valuation of Employee Share-Based Awards - Time-Based Restricted Stock Units (Details) - $ / shares
shares in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Number of shares granted (in shares) 65 60 70
Grant date fair value per share (in dollars per share) $ 55.93 $ 48.71 $ 42.13
Expected dividend 2.70% 3.00% 3.40%
Range of risk-free interest rates, minimum 3.50% 4.20% 3.70%
Range of risk-free interest rates, maximum 4.90% 5.60% 5.70%
PERFORMANCE BASED RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Number of shares granted (in shares) 4 3 2
Grant date fair value per share (in dollars per share) $ 54.50 $ 59.31 $ 40.44
v3.25.2
Employee Benefit Plans - Valuation of Employee Share-Based Awards - Employee Stock Purchase Rights (Details) - Employee Stock Purchase Rights - $ / shares
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Expected volatility 22.50% 28.30% 28.70%
Risk-free interest rate 5.00% 2.90% 2.80%
Expected dividend 3.30% 3.50% 3.60%
Expected life (in years) 1 year 3 months 18 days 1 year 2 months 12 days 1 year 2 months 12 days
Weighted-average estimated grant date fair value per share (in dollars per share) $ 12.18 $ 11.59 $ 12.40
v3.25.2
Employee Benefit Plans - Additional Information - Employee 401(k) Plans and Deferred Compensation Plans (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Deferred Compensation Plans      
401(k) and Deferred Compensation Plan [Line Items]      
Employer matching contribution 4.50%    
Maximum annual contributions $ 1,500,000    
Deferred compensation liability $ 1,200,000,000 $ 1,100,000,000  
401(K) Plan      
401(k) and Deferred Compensation Plan [Line Items]      
Allowed employee contributions (up to) 75.00%    
Employer matching contribution, percentage of the first 4.5% of eligible earnings 100.00%    
Employer matching contribution 4.50%    
Maximum matching contribution $ 15,750    
Total matching contribution by the Company for the period $ 373,000,000 358,000,000 $ 342,000,000
401(k) Catch Up Contribution      
401(k) and Deferred Compensation Plan [Line Items]      
Allowed employee contributions (up to) 75.00%    
Total matching contribution by the Company for the period $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
v3.25.2
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) - AOCI Components (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Balance, beginning of period $ 45,457 $ 44,353 $ 39,773
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 485 206 32
(Gains) losses reclassified out of AOCI 53 16 (43)
Tax benefit (expense) (62) (77) 58
Balance, end of period 46,843 45,457 44,353
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Investments      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Balance, beginning of period (241) (440) (379)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 152 193 (113)
(Gains) losses reclassified out of AOCI 100 67 21
Tax benefit (expense) (68) (61) 31
Balance, end of period (57) (241) (440)
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) Cash Flow Hedging Instruments      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Balance, beginning of period 79 18 44
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 29 128 29
(Gains) losses reclassified out of AOCI (47) (49) (63)
Tax benefit (expense) 4 (18) 8
Balance, end of period 65 79 18
Cumulative Translation Adjustment and Actuarial Gains (Losses)      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Balance, beginning of period (1,268) (1,153) (1,287)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 304 (115) 116
(Gains) losses reclassified out of AOCI 0 (2) (1)
Tax benefit (expense) 2 2 19
Balance, end of period (962) (1,268) (1,153)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Balance, beginning of period (1,430) (1,575) (1,622)
Balance, end of period $ (954) $ (1,430) $ (1,575)
v3.25.2
Income Taxes - Provision for Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Federal:      
Current $ 956 $ 1,939 $ 3,754
Deferred (838) (883) (1,955)
Total 118 1,056 1,799
State:      
Current 431 388 623
Deferred (250) 11 (175)
Total 181 399 448
Foreign:      
Current 665 559 412
Deferred (44) (100) 46
Total 621 459 458
Total $ 920 $ 1,914 $ 2,705
v3.25.2
Income Taxes - Income Before Provision for Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]      
United States $ 9,500 $ 10,790 $ 14,074
International 1,600 1,444 1,244
INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES $ 11,100 $ 12,234 $ 15,318
v3.25.2
Income Taxes - Difference Between Income Taxes at Federal Statutory Rate and Provision for Income Taxes (Details)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]      
Federal statutory rate 21.00% 21.00% 21.00%
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit 1.30% 2.80% 2.40%
Foreign income at other than U.S. rates 0.70% (0.30%) (0.10%)
Tax credits (2.70%) (2.40%) (0.30%)
Foreign-derived intangible income deduction (6.00%) (5.50%) (5.80%)
Stock-based compensation 0.70% 0.70% 1.10%
Impact of the Tax Act (6.50%) 0.00% 0.00%
Other, net (0.20%) (0.70%) (0.60%)
Total 8.30% 15.60% 17.70%
v3.25.2
Income Taxes - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Provision for income taxes $ 920 $ 1,914 $ 2,705
Effective income tax rate reconciliation, litigation decision, amount (720)    
Undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries on which tax is not provided 6,500    
Gross reduction in unrecognized tax benefits 75 53 1,063
Unrecognized tax benefits that would affect the effective tax rate if realized 1,600    
Net interest expense recognized on unrecognized tax benefits 77 21 27
Accrual for interest and penalties 497 401 523
Unrecognized tax benefit that could be reduced in next 12 months 250    
Tax credit carryforward, valuation allowance 752    
Settled Litigation | Internal Revenue Service (IRS)      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Net benefit   55 145
Decrease in interest expense   18 53
Gross reduction in unrecognized tax benefits   $ 245 $ 1,100
Federal Tax Jurisdiction      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Operating loss carryforwards 284    
Tax credit carryforward 7    
State and Local Jurisdiction      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Operating loss carryforwards 2,100    
Operating loss carryforwards, valuation allowance 10    
Tax credit carryforward 1,800    
Foreign Tax Jurisdiction      
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]      
Operating loss carryforwards 533    
Operating loss carryforwards, valuation allowance 96    
Tax credit carryforward $ 8    
v3.25.2
Income Taxes - Aggregate Changes in Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Unrecognized Tax Benefits [Roll Forward]      
Beginning balance $ 2,156 $ 2,137 $ 3,101
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year 283 205 159
Additions for tax positions of prior years 81 256 261
Reductions for tax positions of prior years (68) (344) (265)
Settlements (75) (53) (1,063)
Lapse of statute of limitations (40) (45) (56)
Ending balance $ 2,337 $ 2,156 $ 2,137
v3.25.2
Income Taxes - Breakdown Between Current and Noncurrent Net Deferred Tax Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]    
Deferred tax assets $ 7,356 $ 6,262
Deferred tax liabilities (75) (76)
Total net deferred tax assets $ 7,281 $ 6,186
v3.25.2
Income Taxes - Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
ASSETS    
Inventory write-downs and capitalization $ 532 $ 530
Deferred foreign income 221 277
IPR&D and purchased intangible assets 961 1,039
Depreciation 242 184
Deferred revenue 1,933 2,034
Credits and net operating loss carryforwards 1,350 1,863
Share-based compensation expense 319 297
Accrued compensation 175 275
Lease liabilities 379 308
Capitalized research expenditures 4,182 3,030
Other 678 559
Gross deferred tax assets 10,972 10,396
Valuation allowance (910) (1,024)
Total deferred tax assets 10,062 9,372
LIABILITIES    
Goodwill and purchased intangible assets (2,288) (2,808)
ROU lease assets (315) (259)
Other (178) (119)
Total deferred tax liabilities (2,781) (3,186)
Total net deferred tax assets $ 7,281 $ 6,186
v3.25.2
Income Taxes - Change in Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets (Details) - Deferred tax asset valuation allowance - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of fiscal year $ 1,024 $ 754 $ 834
Additions 33 148 35
Additions from Splunk 0 147 0
Deductions (4) (4) (18)
Write-offs (145) (20) (93)
Foreign exchange and other 2 (1) (4)
Balance at end of fiscal year $ 910 $ 1,024 $ 754
v3.25.2
Segment Information and Major Customers - Additional Information (Details)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
USD ($)
segment
Jul. 27, 2024
USD ($)
Jul. 29, 2023
USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Number of geographic segments | segment 3    
Number of operating segments | segment 3    
Revenue | $ $ 56,654 $ 53,803 $ 56,998
United States      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Revenue | $ $ 30,400 $ 28,700 $ 29,900
v3.25.2
Segment Information and Major Customers - Summary of Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total revenue $ 56,654 $ 53,803 $ 56,998
Gross margin 36,790 34,828 35,753
Total cost of sales 19,864 18,975 21,245
Product      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total revenue 41,608 39,253 43,142
Total cost of sales 15,121 14,339 16,590
Services      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total revenue 15,046 14,550 13,856
Total cost of sales 4,743 4,636 4,655
Operating Segments      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Gross margin 38,938 36,312 36,788
Operating Segments | Americas      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total revenue 33,656 31,971 33,447
Gross margin 22,962 21,372 21,350
Total cost of sales 10,694 10,600 12,097
Operating Segments | Americas | Product      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total cost of sales 8,206 8,077 9,479
Operating Segments | Americas | Services      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total cost of sales 2,487 2,523 2,619
Operating Segments | EMEA      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total revenue 14,824 14,117 15,135
Gross margin 10,545 9,755 10,016
Total cost of sales 4,279 4,362 5,119
Operating Segments | EMEA | Product      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total cost of sales 3,138 3,264 3,998
Operating Segments | EMEA | Services      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total cost of sales 1,140 1,098 1,121
Operating Segments | APJC      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total revenue 8,174 7,716 8,417
Gross margin 5,431 5,187 5,424
Total cost of sales 2,743 2,529 2,992
Operating Segments | APJC | Product      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total cost of sales 2,010 1,838 2,324
Operating Segments | APJC | Services      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Total cost of sales 734 690 668
Unallocated corporate items      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]      
Gross margin $ (2,148) $ (1,484) $ (1,035)
v3.25.2
Segment Information and Major Customers - Summary of Net Revenue for Groups of Similar Products and Services (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]      
Total revenue $ 56,654 $ 53,803 $ 56,998
Product      
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]      
Total revenue 41,608 39,253 43,142
Networking      
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]      
Total revenue 28,304 29,229 34,570
Security      
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]      
Total revenue 8,094 5,075 3,859
Collaboration      
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]      
Total revenue 4,154 4,113 4,052
Observability      
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]      
Total revenue 1,055 837 661
Services      
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]      
Total revenue $ 15,046 $ 14,550 $ 13,856
v3.25.2
Segment Information and Major Customers - Long-lived Assets by Geographic Areas (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]    
Long-lived assets $ 3,414 $ 3,156
United States    
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]    
Long-lived assets 2,370 2,253
International    
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]    
Long-lived assets $ 1,044 $ 903
v3.25.2
Net Income per Share - Calculation Of Basic And Diluted Net Income Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]      
Net income $ 10,180 $ 10,320 $ 12,613
Weighted-average shares—basic (In shares) 3,976 4,043 4,093
Effect of dilutive potential common shares (in shares) 22 19 12
Weighted-average shares—diluted (in shares) 3,998 4,062 4,105
Net income per share—basic (in dollars per share) $ 2.56 $ 2.55 $ 3.08
Net income per share—diluted (in dollars per share) $ 2.55 $ 2.54 $ 3.07
Antidilutive employee share-based awards, excluded (in shares) 78 82 86
v3.25.2
Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Aug. 26, 2025
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 26, 2025
Jul. 27, 2024
Jul. 29, 2023
Subsequent Event [Line Items]          
Total cost of sales     $ 19,864 $ 18,975 $ 21,245
Product          
Subsequent Event [Line Items]          
Total cost of sales     $ 15,121 $ 14,339 $ 16,590
Legal Dispute With A Supplier          
Subsequent Event [Line Items]          
Income tax benefit   $ 82      
Legal Dispute With A Supplier | Product          
Subsequent Event [Line Items]          
Total cost of sales   $ 355      
Legal Dispute With A Supplier | Subsequent event          
Subsequent Event [Line Items]          
Release of escrow by other party $ 563        
Forfeiture of prepayments $ 450