Document And Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Document And Entity Information - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024	Feb. 28, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2024
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-38884
Entity Registrant Name	FRANKLIN FINANCIAL SERVICES CORPORATION
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	PA
Entity Tax Identification Number	25-1440803
Entity Address, Address Line One	1500 Nitterhouse Drive
Entity Address, City or Town	Chambersburg
Entity Address, State or Province	PA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	17201-0819
City Area Code	717
Local Phone Number	264-6116
Title of 12(b) Security	Common stock
Trading Symbol	FRAF
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation	false
Entity Public Float			$ 110,945,381
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		4,440,442
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the definitive annual proxy statement to be filed, pursuant to Reg. 14A within 120 days after December 31, 2024, are incorporated into Part III.
Entity Central Index Key	0000723646
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Error Correction Flag	false
Auditor Name	Crowe LLP
Auditor Firm ID	173
Auditor Location	Washington, D.C

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$ 19,848	$ 19,505
Short-term interest-earning deposits in other banks	183,765	3,635
Total cash and cash equivalents	203,613	23,140
Long-term interest-earning deposits in other banks	1,499	6,229
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value	508,604	472,503
Equity securities	166	427
Restricted stock	8,775	2,375
Loans held for sale	2,470	213
Loans	1,398,077	1,256,985
Allowance for credit losses	(17,653)	(16,052)
Net Loans	1,380,424	1,240,933
Premises and equipment, net	29,039	28,543
Right of use asset	4,106	4,680
Bank owned life insurance	22,735	22,758
Goodwill	9,016	9,016
Deferred tax asset, net	10,831	11,801
Other assets	16,563	13,421
Total assets	2,197,841	1,836,039
Deposits
Noninterest-bearing checking	290,346	273,050
Money management, savings and interest checking	1,209,396	1,132,482
Time	315,905	132,446
Total deposits	1,815,647	1,537,978
Lease liability	4,263	4,816
Other liabilities	13,516	11,448
Total liabilities	2,053,125	1,703,903
Commitments and contingent liabilities
Shareholders' equity
Common stock, $1 par value per share,15,000,000 shares authorized with 4,710,972 shares issued and 4,427,362 shares outstanding at December 31, 2024 and 4,710,972 shares issued and 4,371,231 shares outstanding at December 31, 2023	4,711	4,711
Capital stock without par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized with no shares issued and outstanding
Additional paid-in capital	43,791	43,646
Retained earnings	139,463	133,993
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	(35,508)	(40,940)
Treasury stock, 283,610 shares at December 31, 2024 and 339,741 shares at December 31, 2023, at cost	(7,741)	(9,274)
Total shareholders' equity	144,716	132,136
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	2,197,841	1,836,039
Federal Reserve Bank Borrowings [Member]
Deposits
Debt		90,000
Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) Advances [Member]
Deposits
Debt	200,000	40,000
Subordinated Notes [Member]
Deposits
Debt	$ 19,699	$ 19,661

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Consolidated Balance Sheets [Abstract]
Common Stock, Par Value Per Share	$ 1	$ 1
Common Stock, Shares Authorized	15,000,000	15,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Issued	4,710,972	4,710,972
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding	4,427,362	4,371,231
Capital Stock, Shares Authorized	5,000,000	5,000,000
Capital Stock, Shares, Issued	0	0
Capital Stock, Shares, Outstanding	0	0
Treasury Stock, Shares	283,610	339,741

Consolidated Statements Of Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Consolidated Statements Of Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Interest income
Loans, including fees	$ 73,996	$ 58,277
Interest and dividends on investments:
Taxable interest	16,433	14,790
Tax exempt interest	1,093	1,232
Dividend income	692	56
Interest-earning deposits in other banks	9,237	2,407
Total interest income	101,451	76,762
Interest expense
Deposits	30,906	18,843
Federal Reserve Bank borrowings	1,962	2,374
FHLB advances	10,019	857
Subordinate notes	1,050	1,051
Total interest expense	43,937	23,125
Net interest income	57,514	53,637
Provision for credit losses - loans	1,975	2,589
Provision for credit losses - unfunded commitments	8	135
Total provision for credit losses	1,983	2,724
Net interest income after provision for credit loss expense	55,531	50,913
Noninterest income
Wealth management fees	8,538	7,512
Loan service charges	987	811
Gain on sale of loans	565	199
Deposit service charges and fees	2,448	2,492
Other service charges and fees	2,040	1,852
Debit card income	2,279	2,157
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance	457	448
Net losses on sales of debt securities	(4,267)	(1,119)
Change in fair value of equity securities	209	16
Other	423	483
Total noninterest income	13,679	14,851
Noninterest Expense
Salaries and employee benefits	32,752	28,813
Net occupancy	4,583	4,398
Marketing and advertising	1,891	2,071
Legal and professional	2,133	2,301
Data processing	5,804	4,792
Pennsylvania bank shares tax	483	745
FDIC Insurance	1,710	851
ATM/debit card processing	1,300	1,235
Telecommunications	435	405
Nonservice pension	(51)	(117)
Lease termination		495
Other	4,855	4,022
Total noninterest expense	55,895	50,011
Income before income taxes	13,315	15,753
Income tax expense	2,216	2,155
Net income	$ 11,099	$ 13,598
Per share
Basic earnings per share	$ 2.52	$ 3.11
Diluted earnings per share	$ 2.51	$ 3.10

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Dec. 31, 2023

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]

Net Income

$ 11,099

$ 13,598

Debt Securities

Unrealized (losses) gains arising during the period

(300)

10,962

Reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income

^[1]

4,267

1,119

Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) realized in income on fair value hedge

^[2]

2,300

Net unrealized (losses) gains

6,267

12,081

Tax effect

(1,316)

(2,537)

Net of tax amount

4,951

9,544

Pension

Unrealized gains arising during the period

565

1,017

Reclassification for net actuarial losses included in net income

^[3]

44

Net unrealized gains

609

1,017

Tax effect

(128)

(214)

Net of tax amount

481

803

Total other comprehensive gain (loss)

5,432

10,347

Total Comprehensive Income (Loss)

$ 16,531

$ 23,945

[1]	Reclassified to net losses on sales of debt securities
[2]	Reclassified to interest income
[3]	Reclassified to other expense

Consolidated Statements Of Changes In Shareholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member] Impact of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]	Treasury Stock [Member]	Impact of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 4,711	$ 43,535		$ 125,892	$ (51,287)	$ (8,654)		$ 114,197
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2022	4,390,397
Net income				13,598				13,598
Other comprehensive income (loss)					10,347			10,347
Cash dividends declared				(5,595)				(5,595)
Acquisition of treasury stock						$ (2,394)		(2,394)
Acquisition of treasury stock, shares						(84,414)
Treasury shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan		93				$ 1,262		1,355
Treasury shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan, shares						46,458
Stock Compensation Plans:
Treasury shares issued		(465)				$ 512		47
Treasury shares issued, shares						18,790
Compensation expense		483						483
Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 4,711	43,646	$ 98	133,993	(40,940)	$ (9,274)	$ 98	$ 132,136
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2023	4,371,231							4,371,231
Net income				11,099				$ 11,099
Other comprehensive income (loss)					5,432			5,432
Cash dividends declared				(5,629)				(5,629)
Acquisition of treasury stock						$ (827)		(827)
Acquisition of treasury stock, shares						(30,292)
Treasury shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan		49				$ 1,700		1,749
Treasury shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan, shares						62,247
Stock Compensation Plans:
Treasury shares issued		(538)				$ 660		122
Treasury shares issued, shares						24,176
Compensation expense		634						634
Balance at Dec. 31, 2024	$ 4,711	$ 43,791		$ 139,463	$ (35,508)	$ (7,741)		$ 144,716
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2024	4,427,362							4,427,362

Consolidated Statements Of Changes In Shareholders' Equity (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Consolidated Statements Of Changes In Shareholders' Equity [Abstract]
Dividend declared per share	$ 1.28	$ 1.28

Consolidated Statements Of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$ 11,099	$ 13,598
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	2,090	2,016
Net amortization of loans and investment securities	2,968	2,462
Amortization of subordinate debt issuance costs	38	38
Provision for credit losses	1,983	2,724
Change in fair value of equity securities	(209)	(16)
Realized losses on sales of debt securities	4,267	1,119
Loans originated for sale	(43,086)	(13,965)
Proceeds from sale of loans	41,394	14,234
Gain on sale of loans held for sale	(565)	(199)
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance	(457)	(448)
Gains from claims on life insurance policies	(78)
Stock option compensation	634	483
Increase in other assets	1,077	(534)
Increase in other liabilities	1,073	3,913
Deferred tax (benefit) expense	(473)	1,140
Net cash provided by operating activities	21,755	26,565
Cash flows from investing activities
Net decrease in long-term interest-earning deposits in other banks	4,730	7,746
Proceeds from sales and calls of investment securities available for sale	42,413	40,113
Proceeds from maturities and pay-downs of securities available for sale	54,820	32,295
Purchase of investment securities available for sale	(136,268)	(50,252)
Net increase in restricted stock	(6,400)	(1,731)
Net increase in loans	(141,652)	(205,939)
Proceeds from surrender of life insurance policies	558
Capital expenditures	(2,567)	(499)
Net cash used in investing activities	(184,366)	(178,267)
Cash flows from financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in demand deposits, interest-bearing checking, and savings accounts	94,210	(88,526)
Net increase in time deposits	183,459	75,056
Increase in long-term borrowings (FHLB)	200,000
(Decrease) increase in long-term borrowings (FHLB & FRB)	(130,000)	130,000
Dividends paid	(5,629)	(5,595)
Purchase of Treasury shares	(827)	(2,394)
Cash received from option exercises	122	47
Treasury shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan	1,749	1,355
Net cash provided by financing activities	343,084	109,943
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	180,473	(41,759)
Cash and cash equivalents as of January 1	23,140	64,899
Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31	203,613	23,140
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest on deposits and other borrowed funds	43,105	19,460
Income taxes	1,859	1,344
Noncash Activities:
Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets	$ 20
Noncash extinguishment of lease liability		537
Noncash decrease in right-of-use asset		$ 507

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accounting policies of Franklin Financial Services Corporation and its subsidiaries conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and to general industry practices. A summary of the more significant accounting policies, which have been consistently applied in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements, follows:

Principles of Consolidation – The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Franklin Financial Services Corporation (the Corporation) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries; Farmers and Merchants Trust Company of Chambersburg and Franklin Future Fund Inc. Farmers and Merchants Trust Company of Chambersburg is a commercial bank (the Bank) that has one wholly-owned subsidiary, Franklin Financial Properties Corp., which holds real estate assets that are leased by the Bank. Franklin Future Fund Inc. is a non-bank investment company that makes venture capital investments within the Corporation’s primary market area. The activities of non-bank entities are not significant to the consolidated totals. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Nature of Operations – The Corporation conducts substantially all of its business through its subsidiary bank, Farmers and Merchants Trust Company of Chambersburg, which serves its customer base through twenty-two community-banking offices located in Franklin, Cumberland, Fulton and Huntingdon Counties, Pennsylvania; and Washington County, Maryland. These counties are considered to be the Corporation’s primary market area, but it may do business in the greater South-Central Pennsylvania and Northern Maryland market. The Bank is a community-oriented commercial bank that emphasizes customer service and convenience. As part of its strategy, the Bank has sought to develop a variety of products and services that meet the needs of both its retail and commercial customers. The Corporation and the Bank are subject to the regulations of various federal and state agencies and undergo periodic examinations by these regulatory authorities.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires Management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses.

Significant Group Concentrations of Credit Risk – Most of the Corporation’s activities are with customers located within its primary market area. Note 4 of the consolidated financial statements shows the types of securities in which the Corporation invests. Note 5 of the consolidated financial statements shows the types of lending in which the Corporation engages. The Corporation does not have any significant concentrations in any one industry or customer.

Statement of Cash Flows – For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include Cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits in other banks and cash items with original maturities less than 90 days.

Investment Securities – Management classifies its debt securities at the time of purchase as available for sale or held to maturity. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, all debt securities were classified as available for sale, meaning that the Corporation intends to hold them for an indefinite period of time, but not necessarily to maturity. Available-for-sale debt securities are stated at estimated fair value, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts which are recognized as adjustments of interest income through call date or maturity. The related unrealized gains and losses are reported as other comprehensive income or loss, net of tax, until realized. Realized securities gains and losses are computed using the specific identification method. Gains or losses on the disposition of debt investment securities are recorded on the trade date, based on the net proceeds and the adjusted carrying amount of the specific security sold. Equity investments are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.

On January 1, 2023, the Corporation adopted ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments which eliminated the previous concept of other-than-temporary impairment for AFS securities. (see Allowance for Credit Losses below).

Restricted Stock – Restricted stock, which is carried at cost, consists of stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh (FHLB) and Atlantic Central Bankers Bank (ACBB). The Bank held $8.8 million of restricted stock at the end of 2024. With the exception of $30 thousand, this investment represents stock in the FHLB that the Bank is required to hold in order to be a member of FHLB and is carried at a cost of $100 per share. FHLB stock is divided into two classes: membership stock and activity stock, which is based on outstanding loan balances. Federal law requires a member institution of the FHLB to hold FHLB stock according to a predetermined formula. Management evaluates the restricted stock for impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 320. Management’s determination of whether these investments are impaired is based on their assessment of the ultimate recoverability of their cost rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value. The determination of whether a decline affects the ultimate recoverability of their cost is influenced by criteria such as (1) the significance of the decline in net assets of the banks as compared to the capital stock

amount for the banks and the length of time this situation has persisted, (2) commitments by the banks to make payments required by law or regulation and (3) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on institutions and, accordingly, on the customer base of the banks. As a government sponsored entity, FHLB has the ability to raise funding through the U.S. Treasury that can be used to support its operations. There is not a public market for FHLB or ACBB stock and the benefits of membership (e.g., liquidity and low-cost funding) add value to the stock beyond purely financial measures. Management intends to remain a member of the FHLB and believes that it will be able to fully recover the cost basis of this investment. Management believes no impairment charge is necessary related to the FHLB or ACBB restricted stock as of December 31, 2024.

Financial Derivatives - FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), provides the disclosure requirements for derivatives and hedging activities with the intent to provide users of financial statements with an enhanced understanding of: (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how the entity accounts for derivative instruments and related hedged items, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Further, qualitative disclosures are required that explain the Company’s objectives and strategies for using derivatives, as well as quantitative disclosures about the fair value of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative instruments.

As required by ASC 815, the Corporation records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Corporation has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. For a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative, as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk, are recognized in current earnings as fair values change. Derivatives may also be designated as hedges of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk in a fair value hedge or the earnings effect of the hedged forecasted transactions in a cash flow hedge. The Corporation may enter into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain of its risk, even though hedge accounting does not apply, or the Corporation elects not to apply hedge accounting.

In accordance with the FASB’s fair value measurement guidance (in ASU 2011-04), the Corporation may make an accounting policy election to measure the credit risk of its derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements on a net basis by counterparty portfolio. At December 31, 2024, there were no derivatives subject to a netting agreement.

Loans – Loans, that Management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff, are stated at the outstanding unpaid principal balances, net of any deferred fees. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the yield (interest income) of the related loans using the interest method. The Corporation is amortizing these amounts over the contractual life of the loan.

The accrual of interest is generally discontinued when the contractual payment of principal or interest has become 90 days past due or Management has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, even though the loan is currently performing. A loan may remain on accrual status if it is in the process of collection and is either guaranteed or well secured. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, unpaid interest credited to income in the current year is reversed and unpaid interest accrued in a prior year is charged against the allowance for credit losses. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied initially against principal, then interest income, late charges and any other expenses and fees. Generally, loans are restored to accrual status when the obligation is brought current, has performed in accordance with the contractual terms for a reasonable period of time and the ultimate collectability of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt. Consumer loans are typically charged off no later than 180 days past due. Past due status is based on contractual terms of the loans.

Loans Held for Sale – Mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market at the time of origination are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value (determined on an aggregate basis). All sales are made without recourse. Loans held for sale at December 31, 2024 represent loans originated through third-party brokerage agreements for a pre-determined price and present no price risk to the Bank.

Allowance for Credit Losses (ACL)

On January 1, 2023, the Corporation adopted ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, as amended, which replaces the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) methodology. The measurement of expected credit losses under the CECL methodology is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loan receivables and held-to-maturity debt securities. It also applies to off-balance sheet credit commitments not accounted for as insurance (loan commitments,

standby letters of credit, financial guarantees, and other similar instruments) and net investments in leases recognized by a lessor in accordance with Topic 842 on leases.

The Company adopted ASC 326 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets measured at amortized cost, and unfunded credit exposures. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under ASC 326 while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with the previously applicable incurred loss methodology.

The Corporation has determined this accounting policy to be critical to the results of operations. A summary of the adoption of the new ASU follows:

ACL - Investment Securities

Management classifies its debt securities at the time of purchase as available for sale (AFS) or held to maturity (HTM). At December 31, 2024 and 2023, all debt securities were classified as AFS, meaning that the Corporation intends to hold them for an indefinite period of time, but not necessarily to maturity. Available for sale debt securities are stated at estimated fair value, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts which are recognized as adjustments of interest income through call date or maturity. The related unrealized gains and losses are reported as other comprehensive income or loss, net of tax, until realized.

With the adoption of CECL on January 1, 2023, the previous concept of other-than-temporary impairment for AFS securities has been eliminated. Under CECL, credit losses on AFS debt securities are recognized in the ACL for investments, through the provision for credit losses, rather than through a direct write-down of the security. In evaluating AFS securities for credit losses, Management considers factors such as delinquency, guarantees, invest grade rating, and specific conditions related to a specific security or industry. If an impaired debt security is sold, any previous ACL on that security is charged-off and any incremental loss will be recognized through earnings. Any improvement in expected credit losses will be recognized by reducing the ACL.

For HTM securities an estimate of current expected credit loss must be established at the time of purchase with changes in estimated credit loss recognized in the ACL through the provision for credit losses.

ACL – Loans

The ACL for loans is established through provisions for credit losses charged against income. Loans deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the ACL, and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the ACL.

The ACL for loans is an estimate of the losses expected to be realized over the life of the loan portfolio. The ACL is determined for two distinct categories of loans: 1) loans evaluated individually for expected credit losses (specific reserve), and 2) loans evaluated collectively for expected credit losses (pooled reserve). Management’s periodic evaluation of the adequacy of the ACL for loans is based on the Bank’s past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions, diversification of the loan portfolio, delinquency statistics, results of internal loan reviews, borrowers’ actual or perceived financial and managerial strengths, and other relevant factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires material assumptions and estimates that may be susceptible to significant change, including the amounts and timing of future cash flows expected to be received on impaired loans.

Loans evaluated individually for credit losses are primarily commercial purpose loans that do not share similar characteristics with those loans evaluated in the pool. These loans may exhibit performance characteristics where it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. All commercial purpose loans greater than $250 thousand and rated Substandard (7), Doubtful (8) or on nonaccrual status may be considered for individual evaluation. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis by one of the following methods: the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent, the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the loan’s obtainable market price. Commercial purpose loans with a balance less than $250 thousand, and consumer purpose loans are not evaluated individually for a specific reserve but are included in the pooled reserve calculation. Loans that are evaluated for a specific reserve, but not needing a specific reserve are not included in the pooled reserve calculation.

The Corporation has elected to exclude accrued interest receivable from the measurement of the ACL. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, any outstanding current accrued interest is reversed against income and prior year accrued interest is deducted from the ACL.

The pooled reserve represents the ACL for pools of homogenous loans, not evaluated individually. The pooled reserve is calculated using a quantitative and qualitative component for the loan pools.

The following inputs are used to calculate the quantitative component for the pool:

Segregating loans into homogeneous pools by the FRB Call Code which is primarily a collateral-based and secondarily a purpose-based segmentation.

The average remaining life of each pool is calculated using the weighted average remaining maturity method (WARM). The WARM method produces an estimated remaining balance by pool, by year, until maturity.

A historical credit loss rate is calculated for each pool, using the average historical loss, by FRB Call Code, for a peer group of Pennsylvania community banks over the last eight quarters. The loss rate is calculated over a historical period the Bank believes best represents a period, based on a reasonable and supportable forecast, that will be similar to the next four quarters.

The historical credit loss rate is applied to each WARM bucket though the initial four quarter forward-looking period.

At the end of the forward-looking period, the credit loss rate applied to each WARM bucket reverts to the historical loss rate for the respective pool.

Collectively these estimated losses represent the quantitative component of the pooled reserve.

The qualitative component for the pool utilizes a risk matrix comprised of eight risk factors and assigns a risk level to each factor. The risk factors consider changes in: lending policy, procedures and practice; economic conditions; nature and volume of loans; experience of lending team; volume of past due loans; quality of the loan review system; concentrations of credit; and other external factors. The risk factors are weighted to reflect Management’s estimate of how the factor affects potential losses. The risk levels within each factor are measured in basis points and range from minimal risk to very high risk and are determined independently for commercial loans, residential mortgage loans and consumer loans.

The ACL for pooled loans is the sum of the quantitative and qualitative loss estimates.

ACL – Unfunded Commitments

The ACL for unfunded commitments is recorded in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. The ACL represents management’s estimate of expected losses from unfunded commitments and is determined by estimating future usage of the commitments, based on historical usage. The estimated loss is calculated in a manner similar to that used for the ACL for loans, previously described. The ACL is increased or decreased through the provision for credit losses.

Premises and Equipment – Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets or the lease term for lease hold improvements, whichever is shorter. When assets are retired or sold, the asset cost and related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the respective accounts, and any resultant gain or loss is included in net income.

The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to operating expense as incurred, and the cost of major additions and improvements is capitalized.

Bank Owned Life Insurance – The Bank invests in bank owned life insurance (BOLI) as a source of funding for employee benefit expenses. The Bank purchases life insurance coverage on the lives of a select group of employees. The Bank is the owner and beneficiary of the policies and records the investment at the cash surrender value of the underlying policies. Income from the increase in cash surrender value of the policies is included in noninterest income.

Other Real Estate Owned (OREO) – Foreclosed real estate (OREO) is comprised of property acquired through a foreclosure proceeding or an acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure. Balances are initially reflected at the estimated fair value less any estimated disposition costs, with subsequent adjustments made to reflect further declines in value. Any losses realized upon disposition of the property, and holding costs prior thereto, are charged against income. All properties are actively marketed to potential buyers.

Transfers of Financial Assets – Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Corporation, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Corporation does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity.

Federal Income Taxes – Deferred income taxes are provided on the liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance, when in the opinion of Management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. ASC Topic 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Benefits from tax positions should be recognized in the financial statements only when it is more-likely-than-not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the appropriate taxing authority that would have full knowledge of all relevant information. A tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which that threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be derecognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which that threshold is no longer met. ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes” also provides guidance on the accounting for and disclosure of unrecognized tax benefits, interest and penalties.

Advertising Expenses – Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

Treasury Stock – The acquisition of treasury stock is recorded under the cost method. The subsequent disposition or sale of the treasury stock is recorded using the average cost method.

Wealth Management – Assets held in a fiduciary capacity are not assets of the Corporation and therefore are not included in the consolidated financial statements. The fair value of assets under management (including assets held at third party brokers) was $1.3 billion at December 31, 2024 and $1.2 billion at December 31, 2023.

Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments – In the ordinary course of business, the Bank has entered into off-balance sheet financial instruments consisting of commitments to extend credit and letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded on the balance sheet when they are funded. The amount of any liability for the credit risk associated with off-balance sheet financial instruments is recorded in other liabilities and was $2.0 million at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Stock-Based Compensation – The Corporation accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with the ASC Topic 718, “Stock Compensation.” ASC Topic 718 requires compensation costs related to share-based payment transactions to be recognized in the financial statements (with limited exceptions). The amount of compensation cost is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued and forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. Compensation cost is recognized over the period that an employee provides services in exchange for the award. The Corporation allows the employee to use shares to satisfy employer income tax withholding obligations.

Pension – The provision for pension expense was actuarially determined using the projected unit credit actuarial cost method. The funding policy is to contribute an amount sufficient to meet the requirements of ERISA, subject to Internal Revenue Code contribution limitations.

In accordance with ASC Topic 715, “Compensation – Retirement Benefits”, the Corporation recognizes the plan’s over-funded or under-funded status as an asset or liability with an offsetting adjustment to Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI). ASC Topic 715 requires the determination of the fair value of a plan’s assets at the company’s year-end and the recognition of actuarial gains and losses, prior service costs or credits, transition assets or obligations as a component of AOCI. These amounts will be subsequently recognized as components of net periodic benefit costs. Further, actuarial gains and losses that arise in subsequent periods that are not initially recognized as a component of net periodic benefit costs will be recognized as a component of AOCI. Those amounts will subsequently be recorded as a component of net periodic benefit costs as they are amortized during future periods.

Earnings per share – Earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each year. The Corporation’s basic earnings per share are calculated as net income divided by the weighted average number of shares outstanding. For diluted earnings per share, net income is divided by the weighted average number of shares outstanding plus the incremental number of shares added as a result of converting common stock equivalents, calculated using the treasury stock method. The Corporation’s common stock equivalents consist of stock options and restricted stock awards.

A reconciliation of the weighted average shares outstanding used to calculate basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share follows:



(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)	2024		2023
Weighted average shares outstanding (basic)		4,403		4,374
Impact of common stock equivalents		11		7
Weighted average shares outstanding (diluted)		4,414		4,381
Anti-dilutive options excluded from calculation		—		—
Net income	$	11,099	$	13,598
Basic earnings per share	$	2.52	$	3.11
Diluted earnings per share	$	2.51	$	3.10

Segment Reporting – The Bank acts as an independent community financial services provider and offers traditional banking and related financial services to individual, business and government customers. Through its community offices and electronic banking applications, the Bank offers a full array of commercial and retail financial services, including the taking of time, savings and demand deposits; the making of commercial, consumer and mortgage loans; and providing safe deposit services. The Bank also performs personal, corporate, pension and fiduciary services through its Wealth Management Department. Prior to 2024, the Corporation had one reportable segment, Community Banking, that reflected the consolidated results of the Corporation.

Beginning in 2024, Management determined that its Wealth Management function qualified as a reportable segment, in addition to Community Banking, because of the amount of fee income it generates, its discrete financial information, and its management and review by its chief operating decision maker. Note 25 of the accompanying financial statements provides additional information on the reportable segments.

Comprehensive Income – Comprehensive income is reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and includes net income and unrealized gains or losses, net of tax, on investment securities, derivatives, reclassifications and the change in plan assets and benefit obligations on the Bank’s pension plan, net of tax.

Reclassification – Certain prior period amounts may have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation. Such reclassifications did not affect reported net income.

‎

Recent Accounting Pronouncements:

Recently adopted accounting standards

ASU 2023-01, Leases (Topic 842): Common Control Arrangements

Description

This ASU requires entities to determine whether a related party arrangement between entities under common control is a lease. If the arrangement is determined to be a lease, an entity must classify and account for the lease on the same basis as an arrangement with a related party (on the basis of legally enforceable terms and conditions).

Effective Date

January 1, 2024

Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements

The Corporation adopted the ASU in 2024 and it did not have an effect on its consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2023-02, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method

Description

This ASU permits reporting entities to elect to account for their tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met.

Effective Date

January 1, 2024

Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements

The Corporation adopted the ASU in 2024 and it did not have an effect on its consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures

Description

This ASU is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses.

Effective Date

Fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024

Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements

The Corporation adopted the ASU as of December 31, 2024 and it did not have an effect on its consolidated financial statements.

Recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards

ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures

Description

This ASU is intended to improve the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation table and income taxes paid to be disaggregated by jurisdiction. It also includes certain amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures.

Effective Date

January 1, 2025

Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements

The ASU is not expected to have an impact on the Corporation's financial statements.

ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC's Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative

Description

This ASU incorporates certain U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) disclosure requirements into the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. The amendments in the ASU are expected to clarify or improve disclosure and presentation requirements of a variety of Codification Topics, allow users to more easily compare entities subject to the SEC's existing disclosures with those entities that were not previously subject to the requirement, and align the requirements in the Codification with the SEC's regulations.

Effective Date

The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC's removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited.

Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements

The ASU is not expected to have an impact on the Corporation's financial statements.

ASU 2024-03, Income Statement Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) Disaggregation of Income Statement Expense

Description

This ASU will change the disclosures about a public business entity's expenses and address requests from investors for more detailed information about the types of expenses (for example, employee compensation, depreciation, and amortization) in expense captions.

Effective Date

Fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2026 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2027. Early adoption is permitted.

Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements

The ASU is not expected to have an impact on the Corporation's financial statements.

Regulatory Matters

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Regulatory Matters [Abstract]

Regulatory Matters

Note 2. Regulatory Matters

The Bank is limited as to the amount it may lend to the Corporation, unless such loans are collateralized by specific obligations. State regulations also limit the amount of dividends the Bank can pay to the Corporation and are generally limited to the Bank’s accumulated net earnings, which were $160.6 million at December 31, 2024. In addition, dividends paid by the Bank to the Corporation would be prohibited if the effect thereof would cause the Bank’s capital to be reduced below applicable minimum capital requirements. The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgements by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of total and Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), and of Tier 1 capital (as defined) to average assets (as defined). Although not adopted in regulation form, the Pennsylvania Department of Banking utilizes capital standards requiring a minimum leverage capital ratio of 6% and a total risk-based capital ratio of 10%, defined substantially the same as those by the FDIC. Management believes, as of December 31, 2024, that the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which it is subject.

The Corporation and the Bank are subject to the capital requirements contained in the regulation generally referred to as Basel III. The Basel III standards were effective for the Corporation and the Bank, effective January 1, 2015. Basel III imposes significantly higher capital requirements and more restrictive leverage and liquidity ratios than those previously in place. The capital ratios to be considered “well capitalized” under Basel III are: (1) Common Equity Tier 1(CET1) of 6.5%, (2) Tier 1 Leverage of 5%, (3) Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital of 8%, and (4) Total Risk-Based Capital of 10%. The CET1 ratio is a new capital ratio under Basel III and the Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8% has been increased from 6%. The rules also included changes in the risk weights of certain assets to better reflect credit and other risk exposures. In addition, a capital conservation buffer of 2.50% is applicable to all of the capital ratios except for the Tier 1 Leverage ratio. The capital conservation buffer is equal to the lowest value of the three applicable capital ratios less the regulatory minimum (“adequately capitalized”) for each respective capital measurement. The Bank’s capital conservation buffer at December 31, 2024 was 4.96%. Compliance with the capital conservation buffer is required in order to avoid limitations on certain capital distributions, especially dividends. As of December 31, 2024, the Bank was “well capitalized’ under the Basel III requirements. For additional information on the capital ratios see the section titled Shareholders’ Equity, and Table 13.

At December 31, 2024, the Corporation had $20.0 million of unsecured subordinated debt notes payable, $15.0 million which mature on September 1, 2030 and $5.0 million which mature on September 1, 2035. The notes are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet net of remaining debt issuance costs totaling $339 thousand at December 31, 2024, which is being amortized on a pro-rata basis over a 5-year and 10-year period, based on the maturity dates of the notes, on an effective interest method. The subordinated notes totaling $15.0 million have a fixed interest rate of 5.00% through September 1, 2025, then convert to a variable rate of 90-day Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) plus 4.93% for the applicable interest periods through maturity. The subordinated notes totaling $5.0 million have a fixed interest rate of 5.25% through September 1, 2030, then convert to a variable rate of 90-day SOFR plus 4.92% for the applicable interest periods through maturity. The Corporation may, at its option, redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at any time 5-years prior to the maturity. The notes are structured to qualify as Tier 2 Capital for the Corporation and there are no debt covenants on the notes.

In 2019, the Community Bank Leverage Ratio (CBLR) was approved by federal banking agencies as an optional capital measure available to Qualifying Community Banking Organizations (QCBO). If a bank qualifies as a QCBR and maintains a CBLR of 9% or greater, the bank would be considered “well-capitalized” for regulatory capital purposes and exempt from complying with the Basel III risk-based capital rule. The CBLR rule was effective January 1, 2020 and banks could opt-in through an election in the first quarter 2020 regulatory filings. The Bank meets the criteria of a QCBO but did not opt-in to the CBLR.

The consolidated asset limit on small bank holding companies is $3.0 billion and a company with assets under that limit is not subject to the consolidated capital rules but may file reports that include capital amounts and ratios. The Corporation has elected to file those reports.

‎

The following table presents the regulatory capital ratio requirements for the Corporation and the Bank.



	As of December 31, 2024
				Regulatory Ratios
				Adequately Capitalized			Well Capitalized
	Actual			Minimum			Minimum
(Dollars in thousands)		Amount	Ratio	Amount		Ratio	Amount		Ratio
Common Equity Tier 1 ‎Risk-based Capital Ratio (1)
Corporation	$	171,208	11.31%	$	68,095	N/A		N/A	N/A
Bank		179,837	11.71%		69,088	4.50%	$	99,794	6.50%

Tier 1 Risk-based Capital Ratio (2)
Corporation	$	171,208	11.31%	$	90,793	N/A		N/A	N/A
Bank		179,837	11.71%		92,117	6.00%	$	122,823	8.00%

Total Risk-based Capital Ratio (3)
Corporation	$	209,603	13.85%	$	121,057	N/A		N/A	N/A
Bank		199,033	12.96%		122,823	8.00%	$	153,529	10.00%

Tier 1 Leverage Ratio (4)
Corporation	$	171,208	7.92%	$	86,449	N/A		N/A	N/A
Bank		179,837	8.20%		87,715	4.00%	$	109,644	5.00%



	As of December 31, 2023
				Regulatory Ratios
				Adequately Capitalized			Well Capitalized
	Actual			Minimum			Minimum
(Dollars in thousands)		Amount	Ratio	Amount		Ratio	Amount		Ratio
Common Equity Tier 1 ‎Risk-based Capital Ratio (1)
Corporation	$	164,060	11.82%	$	62,463	N/A		N/A	N/A
Bank		171,932	12.38%		62,496	4.50%	$	90,271	6.50%

Tier 1 Risk-based Capital Ratio (2)
Corporation	$	164,060	11.82%	$	83,284	N/A		N/A	N/A
Bank		171,932	12.38%		83,327	6.00%	$	111,103	8.00%

Total Risk-based Capital Ratio (3)
Corporation	$	200,589	14.45%	$	111,046	N/A		N/A	N/A
Bank		189,300	13.63%		111,103	8.00%	$	138,879	10.00%

Tier 1 Leverage Ratio (4)
Corporation	$	164,060	9.01%	$	72,833	N/A		N/A	N/A
Bank		171,932	9.44%		72,871	4.00%	$	91,088	5.00%

(1)Common equity Tier 1 capital / total risk-weighted assets

(2)Tier 1 capital / total risk-weighted assets

(3)Total risk-based capital / total risk-weighted assets

(4)Tier 1 capital / average quarterly assets

- Definition

The entire disclosure for regulatory capital requirement for depository and lending institutions. Institutions include, but not are not limited to, finance company, insured depository institution, bank holding company, savings and loan association holding company, bank and savings institution not federally insured, mortgage company, foreign financial institution and credit union.

+ References + Details

Restricted Cash Balances

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Restricted Cash Balances [Abstract]

Restricted Cash Balances

Note 3. Restricted Cash Balances

The Federal Reserve’s reserve requirement on the Bank’s deposit liabilities is 0%. Therefore, the Bank was not required to hold any reserves at December 31, 2024 and 2023. At December 31, 2024, the Corporation had posted cash collateral of $5.2 million to a counterparty in a derivative transaction.

Investments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Investments [Abstract]

Investments

Note 4. Investments

Available for Sale (AFS) Securities

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair value of securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2024 and 2023 and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities available for sale as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:



(Dollars in thousands)			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		unrealized		unrealized		Fair
December 31, 2024	cost		gains		losses		value
U.S. Treasury	$	36,192	$	—	$	(4,395)	$	31,797
Municipal		156,528		37		(22,973)		133,592
Corporate		26,356		1		(2,133)		24,224
Agency mortgage & asset-backed		180,423		178		(10,780)		169,821
Non-Agency mortgage & asset-backed		154,554		45		(5,429)		149,170
Total	$	554,053	$	261	$	(45,710)	$	508,604



(Dollars in thousands)			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		unrealized		unrealized		Fair
December 31, 2023	cost		gains		losses		value
U.S. Treasury	$	83,494	$	—	$	(9,403)	$	74,091
Municipal		161,339		—		(22,721)		138,618
Corporate		26,336		—		(3,138)		23,198
Agency mortgage & asset-backed		142,565		90		(10,064)		132,591
Non-Agency mortgage & asset-backed		108,185		48		(4,228)		104,005
Total	$	521,919	$	138	$	(49,554)	$	472,503

At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the fair value of investment securities pledged to secure public funds and trust deposits totaled $151.7 million and $207.4 million, respectively. The Bank has no investment in a single issuer that exceeds 10% of shareholders equity except U.S. Treasuries.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities at December 31, 2024, by contractual maturity are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because of prepayment or call options embedded in the securities. Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities without defined maturity dates are reported on a separate line.



(Dollars in thousands)	Amortized ‎cost		Fair ‎value
Due in one year or less	$	—	$	—
Due after one year through five years		42,038		38,015
Due after five years through ten years		87,395		75,855
Due after ten years		89,643		75,743
		219,076		189,613
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed		334,977		318,991
Total	$	554,053	$	508,604

The composition of the net realized securities (losses) gains for the years ended December 31 is as follows:


(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
Proceeds	$	42,413	$	40,113

Gross gains realized		—		12
Gross losses realized		(4,267)		(1,131)
Net (losses)/gains realized	$	(4,267)	$	(1,119)

Tax benefit on net losses realized	$	896	$	235

Allowance for Credit Losses:

The following table reflects the unrealized losses in the investment portfolio, aggregated by investment category, length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position and the number of securities in each category as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Securities in an unrealized loss position are evaluated at least quarterly for impairment. For this evaluation, the Bank considers: (1) the extent to which the fair value is less than amortized cost; (2) adverse conditions specifically related to the security, industry or geographic area; (3) the payment structure of the debt security and the likelihood of the issuer being able to make payments that increase in the future; (4) failure of the issuer of the security to make scheduled interest or principal payments; and (5) any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency. In addition, the Bank considers whether it intends to sell these securities or whether it will be forced to sell these securities before the earlier of amortized cost recovery or maturity. The Bank does not have the intent to sell and does not believe it will more likely than not be required to sell any of these securities prior to a recovery of their fair value to amortized cost. The debt securities in a loss position and subject to evaluation at December 31, 2024 and 2023, were determined not to be attributable to credit related factors; therefore, the Bank does not have an allowance for credit loss for these investments.



	December 31, 2024
	Less than 12 months					12 months or more					Total
	Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized
(Dollars in thousands)	Value		Losses		Count	Value		Losses		Count	Value		Losses		Count

U.S. Treasury	$	—	$	—	—	$	31,797	$	(4,395)	13	$	31,797	$	(4,395)	13
Municipal		—		—	—		132,550		(22,973)	164		132,550		(22,973)	164
Corporate		—		—	—		23,237		(2,133)	50		23,237		(2,133)	50
Agency mortgage & asset-backed		55,121		(2,251)	18		101,171		(8,529)	217		156,292		(10,780)	235
Non-Agency mortgage & asset-backed		79,422		(2,974)	26		53,615		(2,455)	50		133,037		(5,429)	76
Total temporarily impaired	$	134,543	$	(5,225)	44	$	342,370	$	(40,485)	494	$	476,913	$	(45,710)	538



	December 31, 2023
	Less than 12 months					12 months or more					Total
	Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized			Fair		Unrealized
(Dollars in thousands)	Value		Losses		Count	Value		Losses		Count	Value		Losses		Count

U.S. Treasury	$	—	$	—	—	$	74,091	$	(9,403)	28	$	74,091	$	(9,403)	28
Municipal		—		—	—		138,618		(22,721)	168		138,618		(22,721)	168
Corporate		1,483		(167)	5		21,715		(2,971)	46		23,198		(3,138)	51
Agency mortgage & asset-backed		6,227		(186)	19		118,053		(9,878)	223		124,280		(10,064)	242
Non-Agency mortgage & asset-backed		47,928		(560)	19		50,071		(3,668)	56		97,999		(4,228)	75
Total temporarily impaired	$	55,638	$	(913)	43	$	402,548	$	(48,641)	521	$	458,186	$	(49,554)	564

Equity Securities at fair value

The Corporation owns one equity investment with a readily determinable fair value. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, this investment was reported at a fair value of $166 thousand and $427 thousand, respectively, with changes in value reported through income.

Loans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Loans [Abstract]

Loans

Note 5. Loans

The Bank reports its loan portfolio based on the primary collateral of the loan. It further classifies these loans by the primary purpose, either consumer or commercial. The Bank’s mortgage loans include long-term loans to individuals and businesses secured by mortgages on the borrower’s real property. Construction loans are made to finance the purchase of land and the construction of residential and commercial buildings thereon and are secured by mortgages on real estate. Commercial loans are made to businesses of various sizes for a variety of purposes including construction, property, plant and equipment, and working capital. Commercial loans also include loans to government municipalities. Commercial lending is concentrated in the Bank’s primary market, but also includes purchased loan participations. Consumer loans are comprised of installment, home equity and unsecured personal lines of credit.

Each class of loans involves a different kind of risk. However, risk factors such as changes in interest rates, general economic conditions and changes in collateral values are common across all classes. The risk of each loan class is presented below.

Residential Real Estate 1-4 family

The largest risk in residential real estate loans to retail customers is the borrower’s inability to repay the loan due to the loss of the primary source of income. The Bank attempts to mitigate this risk through prudent underwriting standards including employment history, current financial condition and credit history. These loans are generally owner occupied and serve as the borrower’s primary residence. The Bank usually holds a first lien position on these properties but may hold a second lien position in some home equity loans or lines of credit. Commercial purpose loans, secured by residential real estate, are usually dependent upon repayment from the rental income or other business purposes. These loans are generally non-owner occupied. In addition to the real estate collateral, these loans may have personal guarantees or UCC filings on other business assets. If a payment default occurs on a 1-4 family residential real estate loan, the collateral serves as a source of repayment, but may be subject to a change in value due to economic conditions.

Residential Real Estate Construction

This class includes loans to individuals for construction of a primary residence and to contractors and developers to improve real estate and construct residential properties. Construction loans to individuals generally bear the same risk as 1-4 family residential loans. Additional risks may include cost overruns, delays in construction or contractor problems.

Loans to contractors and developers are primarily dependent on the sale of improved lots or finished homes for repayment. Risks associated with these loans include the borrower’s character and capacity to complete a development, the effect of economic conditions on the valuation of lots or homes, cost overruns, delays in construction or contractor problems. In addition to real estate collateral, these loans may have personal guarantees or UCC filings on other business assets, depending on the financial strength and experience of the developer. Real estate construction loans are monitored on a regular basis by either an independent third party or the responsible loan officer, depending on the size and complexity of the project. This monitoring process includes at a minimum, the submission of invoices or AIA documents detailing the cost incurred by the borrower, on-site inspections, and an authorizing signature for disbursement of funds.

Commercial Real Estate

Commercial real estate loans may be secured by various types of commercial property including retail space, office buildings, warehouses, hotels and motels, manufacturing facilities and, agricultural land.

Commercial real estate loans present a higher level of risk than residential real estate loans. Repayment of these loans is normally dependent on cash-flow generated by the operation of a business that utilizes the real estate. The successful operation of the business, and therefore repayment ability, may be affected by general economic conditions outside of the control of the operator. On most commercial real estate loans ongoing monitoring of cash flow and other financial performance indicators is completed annually through financial statement analysis. In addition, the value of the collateral may be negatively affected by economic conditions and may be insufficient to repay the loan in the event of default. In the event of foreclosure, commercial real estate may be more difficult to liquidate than residential real estate.

Commercial

Commercial loans are made for various business purposes to finance equipment, inventory, accounts receivables, and operating liquidity. These loans are generally secured by business assets or equipment, non-real estate collateral and/or personal guarantees.

Commercial loans present a higher level of credit risk than other loans because repayment ability is usually dependent on cash-flow from a business operation that can be affected by general economic conditions. On most commercial loans ongoing monitoring of cash flow and other financial performance indicators occur at least annually through financial statement analysis. In the event of a default, collateral for these loans may be more difficult to liquidate, and the valuation of the collateral may decline more quickly than loans secured by other types of collateral.

Loans to governmental municipalities are also included in the Commercial class. These loans generally have less risk than Commercial & Industrial (C&I) loans due to the taxing authority of the municipality and its ability to assess fees on services.

Consumer

These loans are made for a variety of reasons to consumers and include term loans and personal lines-of credit. The loans may be secured or unsecured. Repayment is primarily dependent on the income of the borrower and to a lesser extent the sale of collateral. The underwriting of these loans is based on the consumer’s ability and willingness to repay and is determined by the borrower’s employment history, current financial condition and credit background. Collateral for these loans, if any, usually depreciates quickly and therefore, may not be adequate to repay the loan if it is repossessed. Therefore, the overall health of the economy, including unemployment rates and wages, will have an effect on the credit quality in this loan class.

A summary of loans outstanding, by class, at December 31 is as follows:




(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family
Consumer first liens	$	181,780	$	142,017
Commercial first lien		58,821		63,271
Total first liens		240,601		205,288

Consumer junior liens and lines of credit		76,035		68,752
Commercial junior liens and lines of credit		6,199		3,809
Total junior liens and lines of credit		82,234		72,561
Total residential real estate 1-4 family		322,835		277,849

Residential real estate - construction
Consumer		20,742		13,837
Commercial		11,685		12,063
Total residential real estate construction		32,427		25,900

Commercial real estate		803,365		703,767
Commercial		230,597		242,654
Total commercial		1,033,962		946,421

Consumer		8,853		6,815
		1,398,077		1,256,985
Less: Allowance for credit losses		(17,653)		(16,052)
Net Loans	$	1,380,424	$	1,240,933

Included in the loan balances are the following:
Net unamortized deferred loan costs	$	1,766	$	1,615

Loans pledged as collateral for borrowings and commitments from:
FHLB	$	775,410	$	699,527
Federal Reserve Bank		96,592		83,482
Total	$	872,002	$	783,009

Loans to directors and executive officers and related interests and affiliated enterprises were as follows:


(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
Balance at beginning of year	$	11,545	$	13,283
New loans made		18,476		8,870
Repayments		(18,278)		(10,608)
Balance at end of year	$	11,743	$	11,545

Loan Quality And Allowance For Credit Losses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Loan Quality And Allowance For Credit Losses [Abstract]

Loan Quality And Allowance For Credit Losses

Note 6. Loan Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses

The Bank categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, and current economic trends, among other factors. Management utilizes a risk rating scale ranging from 1-Prime to 9-Loss to evaluate loan quality. This risk rating scale is used primarily for commercial purpose loans. Consumer purpose loans are identified as either performing or nonperforming based on the payment status of the loans. Nonperforming consumer loans are loans that are nonaccrual or 90 days or more past due and still accruing. The Bank uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

Pass (1-5): are considered pass credits with lower or average risk and are not otherwise classified.

OAEM (6): Loans classified as OAEM have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the borrower’s credit position at some future date.

Substandard (7): Loans classified as Substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful (8): Loans classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as Substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. Loans evaluated individually are not included in the pool evaluation. When management determines that foreclosure is probable or when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the reporting date and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale of the collateral, the expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for any discounts and selling costs as appropriate.

Management monitors loan performance on a monthly basis and performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the Allowance for Credit Loss for loans (ACL). The Bank begins enhanced monitoring of all loans rated 6–OAEM or worse and obtains a new appraisal or asset valuation for any loans placed on nonaccrual and rated 7 - Substandard or worse. Management, at its discretion, may determine that additional adjustments to the appraisal or valuation are required. Valuation adjustments will be made as necessary based on factors, including, but not limited to: the economy, deferred maintenance, industry, type of property/equipment, age of the appraisal, etc. and the knowledge Management has about a particular situation. In addition, the cost to sell or liquidate the collateral is also estimated and deducted from the valuation in order to determine the net realizable value to the Bank. When determining the ACL, certain factors involved in the evaluation are inherently subjective and require material estimates that may be susceptible to significant change, including the amounts and timing of future cash flows. Management monitors the adequacy of the ACL on an ongoing basis and reports its adequacy quarterly to the Enterprise Risk Management Committee of the Board of Directors. Management believes the ACL at December 31, 2024 is adequate.

‎

The following table presents loans by year of origination and internally assigned risk ratings as of December 31, 2024:


(Dollars in thousands)													Revolving		Revolving
	Term Loans												Loans		Loans
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Amortized		Converted
As of December 31, 2024	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Cost Basis		to Term		Total
Residential real estate 1-4 family:
Commercial:
Risk rating:
Pass (1-5)	$	5,306	$	9,436	$	7,529	$	10,133	$	8,099	$	20,251	$	4,079	$	—	$	64,833
OAEM (6)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard (7)		—		—		—		—		—		—		187		—		187
Doubtful (8)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial		5,306		9,436		7,529		10,133		8,099		20,251		4,266		—		65,020
Consumer:
Performing		36,214		67,248		31,290		14,303		9,014		27,744		54,147		17,855		257,815
Nonperforming		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Consumer		36,214		67,248		31,290		14,303		9,014		27,744		54,147		17,855		257,815
Total	$	41,520	$	76,684	$	38,819	$	24,436	$	17,113	$	47,995	$	58,413	$	17,855	$	322,835
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Residential real estate construction:
Commercial:
Risk rating:
Pass (1-5)	$	5,582	$	3,306	$	403	$	1,150	$	159	$	1,085	$	—	$	—	$	11,685
OAEM (6)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard (7)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful (8)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial		5,582		3,306		403		1,150		159		1,085		—		—		11,685
Consumer:
Performing		20,742		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		20,742
Nonperforming		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Consumer		20,742		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		20,742
Total	$	26,324	$	3,306	$	403	$	1,150	$	159	$	1,085	$	—	$	—	$	32,427
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Commercial real estate:
Risk rating:
Pass (1-5)	$	95,410	$	221,889	$	106,385	$	93,228	$	32,546	$	218,875	$	16,290	$	—	$	784,623
OAEM (6)		—		—		1,772		1,711		6,624		—		—		—		10,107
Substandard (7)		—		6,301		266		—		—		2,018		50		—		8,635
Doubtful (8)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	95,410	$	228,190	$	108,423	$	94,939	$	39,170	$	220,893	$	16,340	$	—	$	803,365
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(2)	$	—	$	—	$	(2)

Commercial:
Risk rating:
Pass (1-5)	$	25,398	$	16,289	$	27,545	$	37,927	$	18,196	$	60,126	$	42,595	$	—	$	228,076
OAEM (6)		—		11		420		1,500		9		—		250		—		2,190
Substandard (7)		—		—		—		—		58		—		273		—		331
Doubtful (8)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	25,398	$	16,300	$	27,965	$	39,427	$	18,263	$	60,126	$	43,118	$	—	$	230,597
Current period gross charge-offs	$	(11)	$	—	$	(287)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(161)	$	—	$	(459)

Consumer:
Performing		2,289		1,140		386		1,682		36		27		3,291		—		8,851
Nonperforming		—		—		—		1		—		—		1		—		2
Total	$	2,289	$	1,140	$	386	$	1,683	$	36	$	27	$	3,292	$	—	$	8,853
Current period gross charge-offs	$	(44)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(6)	$	—	$	(49)	$	—	$	(99)

‎

The following table presents loans by year of origination and internally assigned risk ratings as of December 31, 2023:


(Dollars in thousands)													Revolving		Revolving
	Term Loans												Loans		Loans
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Amortized		Converted
As of December 31, 2023	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Cost Basis		to Term		Total
Residential real estate 1-4 family:
Commercial:
Risk rating:
Pass (1-5)	$	9,867	$	9,088	$	11,038	$	9,691	$	2,433	$	22,906	$	2,057	$	—	$	67,080
OAEM (6)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard (7)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful (8)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial		9,867		9,088		11,038		9,691		2,433		22,906		2,057		—		67,080
Consumer:
Performing		53,128		34,136		15,625		10,245		5,222		28,423		43,968		20,022		210,769
Nonperforming		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Consumer		53,128		34,136		15,625		10,245		5,222		28,423		43,968		20,022		210,769
Total	$	62,995	$	43,224	$	26,663	$	19,936	$	7,655	$	51,329	$	46,025	$	20,022	$	277,849
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Residential real estate construction:
Commercial:
Risk rating:
Pass (1-5)	$	6,845	$	2,209	$	1,289	$	214	$	—	$	1,506	$	—	$	—	$	12,063
OAEM (6)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard (7)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful (8)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial		6,845		2,209		1,289		214		—		1,506		—		—		12,063
Consumer:
Performing		13,837		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		13,837
Nonperforming		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Consumer		13,837		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		13,837
Total	$	20,682	$	2,209	$	1,289	$	214	$	—	$	1,506	$	—	$	—	$	25,900
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Commercial real estate:
Risk rating:
Pass (1-5)	$	180,052	$	110,886	$	98,540	$	34,307	$	38,603	$	214,179	$	10,567	$	—	$	687,134
OAEM (6)		2,955		1,350		1,000		6,823		—		2,182		139		—		14,449
Substandard (7)		—		—		—		—		—		2,134		50		—		2,184
Doubtful (8)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	183,007	$	112,236	$	99,540	$	41,130	$	38,603	$	218,495	$	10,756	$	—	$	703,767
Current period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Commercial:
Risk rating:
Pass (1-5)	$	34,851	$	33,983	$	45,754	$	22,847	$	3,579	$	64,542	$	36,508	$	—	$	242,064
OAEM (6)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard (7)		—		317		—		—		—		—		273		—		590
Doubtful (8)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	34,851	$	34,300	$	45,754	$	22,847	$	3,579	$	64,542	$	36,781	$	—	$	242,654
Current period gross charge-offs	$	(125)	$	—	$	(130)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(50)	$	—	$	(305)

Consumer:
Performing		1,863		669		1,985		148		80		5		2,060		—		6,810
Nonperforming		—		—		—		—		—		—		5		—		5
Total	$	1,863	$	669	$	1,985	$	148	$	80	$	5	$	2,065	$	—	$	6,815
Current period gross charge-offs	$	(63)	$	—	$	(10)	$	(2)	$	(6)	$	—	$	(36)	$	—	$	(117)

‎

The following presents the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due over 90 days and still accruing as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:



	December 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)	Nonaccrual and Loans Past Due Over 90 Days+						Nonaccrual and Loans Past Due Over 90 Days+
					Loans Past Due						Loans Past Due
	Nonaccrual		Nonaccrual		Over 90 Days		Nonaccrual		Nonaccrual		Over 90 Days
	Without ACL		With ACL		Still Accruing		Without ACL		With ACL		Still Accruing
December 31, 2024
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family
First liens	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Junior liens and lines of credit		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total		—		—		—		—		—		—
Residential real estate - construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate		—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial		266		—		—		147		—		—
Consumer		—		—		2		—		—		5
Total	$	266	$	—	$	2	$	147	$	—	$	5

Delinquent loans are a result of borrowers’ cash flow and/or alternative sources of cash being insufficient to repay loans. The Bank’s likelihood of collateral liquidation to repay the loans becomes more probable the further behind a borrower falls, particularly when loans reach 90 days or more past due. Management monitors the performance status of loans by the use of an aging report. The aging report can provide an early indicator of loans that may become severely delinquent and possibly result in a loss to the Bank.

The following table presents the aging of payments in the loan portfolio as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:



(Dollars in thousands)
	Loans Past Due						Total				Total
	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days+		Past Due		Current		Loans
December 31, 2024
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family
First liens	$	203	$	640	$	—	$	843	$	239,758	$	240,601
Junior liens and lines of credit		241		160		—		401		81,833		82,234
Total		444		800		—		1,244		321,591		322,835
Residential real estate - construction		—		—		—		—		32,427		32,427
Commercial real estate		380		219		—		599		802,766		803,365
Commercial		747		50		266		1,063		229,534		230,597
Consumer		30		4		2		36		8,817		8,853
Total	$	1,601	$	1,073	$	268	$	2,942	$	1,395,135	$	1,398,077





	Loans Past Due						Total				Total
December 31, 2023	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days+		Past Due		Current		Loans
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family
First liens	$	62	$	394	$	—	$	456	$	204,832	$	205,288
Junior liens and lines of credit		239		228		—		467		72,094		72,561
Total		301		622		—		923		276,926		277,849
Residential real estate - construction		—		—		—		—		25,900		25,900
Commercial real estate		3,232		—		—		3,232		700,535		703,767
Commercial		542		112		147		801		241,853		242,654
Consumer		21		12		5		38		6,777		6,815
Total	$	4,096	$	746	$	152	$	4,994	$	1,251,991	$	1,256,985

At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Bank had $0 of residential properties in the process of foreclosure. Interest not recognized on nonaccrual loans was $8 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $6 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2023.

On January 1, 2023, The Bank adopted ASU 2022-02, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” (“ASU 2022-02”), which eliminated the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include interest rate reductions, principal or interest forgiveness, forbearances, term extensions, and other actions intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.

No loan modifications were made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties during 2024 and 2023.

Allowance for Credit Losses:

The following table shows the activity in the Allowance for Credit Loss (ACL), for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family
	First		Junior Liens &				Commercial
(Dollars in thousands)	Liens		Lines of Credit		Construction		Real Estate		Commercial		Consumer		Unallocated		Total

ACL at December 31, 2023	$	1,296	$	419	$	296	$	10,657	$	3,290	$	94	$	—	$	16,052
Charge-offs		—		—		—		(2)		(459)		(99)		—		(560)
Recoveries		3		—		14		4		130		35		—		186
Provision		198		42		66		1,345		221		103		—		1,975
ACL at December 31, 2024	$	1,497	$	461	$	376	$	12,004	$	3,182	$	133	$	—	$	17,653

ALL at December 31, 2022	$	459	$	234	$	343	$	7,493	$	4,846	$	133	$	667	$	14,175
Impact of adopting CECL on 1-1-23		1,096		493		(95)		584		(1,907)		(40)		(667)		(536)
Charge-offs		—		—		—		—		(305)		(117)		—		(422)
Recoveries		2		—		49		1		112		82		—		246
Provision		(261)		(308)		(1)		2,579		544		36		—		2,589
ACL at December 31, 2023	$	1,296	$	419	$	296	$	10,657	$	3,290	$	94	$	—	$	16,052

At December 31, 2024, there was one collateral dependent loan for $266 thousand secured by real estate. There were no collateral dependent loans at December 31, 2023.

Premises And Equipment

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Premises And Equipment [Abstract]

Premises And Equipment

Note 7. Premises and Equipment

The components of premises and equipment were as follows for the periods ending:



		For the years ended December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	Estimated Life	2024		2023
Land		$	3,935	$	3,607
Buildings and leasehold improvements	15 - 30 years, or lease term		34,880		33,947
Furniture, fixtures and equipment	3 - 10 years		10,241		11,097
Total cost			49,056		48,651
Less: Accumulated depreciation			(20,017)		(20,108)
Net premises and equipment		$	29,039	$	28,543

The following table shows the amount of depreciation for the years ended December 31:



	2024		2023
Depreciation expense	$	1,758	$	2,137

Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Note 8. Leases

The Corporation leases various assets in the course of its operations that are subject to recognition on the balance sheet. The Corporation considers all of its leases to be operating leases and it has no finance leases. The leased assets may include equipment, and buildings and land (collectively real estate). The equipment leases are shorter-term than the real estate leases, and generally have a fixed payment over a defined term without renewal options. Certain equipment leases have purchase options and it was determined the option was not reasonably certain to be exercised. The real estate leases are longer-term and may contain renewal options after the

initial term, but none of the real estate leases contain a purchase option. The renewal options on real estate leases were reviewed and if it was determined the option was reasonably certain to be renewed, the option term was considered in the determination of the lease liability. There is only one real estate lease with a variable payment based on an index included in the lease liability. None of the leases contain any restrictive covenants and there are no significant leases that have not yet commenced. The discount rate used to determine the lease liability is based on the Bank’s fully secured borrowing rate from the Federal Home Loan Bank for a term similar to the lease term. Operating lease expense is included in net occupancy expense in the consolidated statements of income.

Lease Cost:

The components of total lease cost were as follows for the period ending:



	For the years ended December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
Operating lease cost	$	764	$	815
Short-term lease cost		3		16
Variable lease cost		156		147
Total lease cost	$	923	$	978

Supplemental Lease Information:



(Dollars in thousands)	For the years ended December 31,
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:	2024		2023
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	733	$	791

Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)		11.6		12.0
Weighted-average discount rate		3.48%		3.40%

Lease Obligations:

Future undiscounted lease payments for operating leases with initial terms of one year or more as of December 31, 2023 are as follows:



(Dollars in thousands)

2025	$	681
2026		564
2027		421
2028		393
2029		397
2030 and beyond		2,808
Undiscounted cash flows		5,264
Imputed interest		(1,001)
Total lease liability	$	4,263

Other Real Estate Owned

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Other Real Estate Owned [Abstract]

Other Real Estate Owned

Note 9. Other Real Estate Owned

The Bank had no other real estate owned at December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Goodwill

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Goodwill [Abstract]

Goodwill

Note 10. Goodwill

The Bank has $9.0 million of goodwill recorded on its balance sheet as the result of corporate acquisitions. Goodwill is not amortized, nor deductible for tax purposes. However, Goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually in accordance with ASC Topic 350. Goodwill was tested for impairment as of August 31, 2024. The 2024 test was conducted using a qualitative assessment method that requires the use of significant assumptions in order to make a determination of likely impairment. These assumptions may include, but are not limited to: macroeconomic factors, banking industry conditions, banking merger and acquisition trends, the Bank’s historical financial performance, the Corporation’s stock price, forecast Bank financial performance, and change of control premiums. Management determined the Bank’s goodwill was not likely impaired in 2024 and did not make a further assessment.

The 2023 impairment test was also conducted using a qualitative assessment and Management determined the Bank’s goodwill was not likely impaired in 2023 and did not make a further assessment.

Deposits

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Deposits [Abstract]

Deposits

Note 11. Deposits

Deposits are summarized as follows at December 31:




(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
Noninterest-bearing checking	$	290,346	$	273,050

Interest-bearing checking		417,870		454,517
Money management		694,880		572,058
Savings		96,646		105,907
Total interest-bearing checking and savings		1,209,396		1,132,482

Time deposits		315,905		132,446

Total deposits	$	1,815,647	$	1,537,978

Overdrawn deposit accounts reclassified as loans	$	136	$	160

Time deposits greater than $250,000 at December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $77.4 million and $44.4 million, respectively.

At December 31, 2024 the scheduled maturities of time deposits are as follows:



(Dollars in thousands)	Time Deposits
2025	$	208,218
2026		8,999
2027		24,864
2028		5,104
2029		68,720
Total	$	315,905

The deposits of directors, executive officers, related interests and affiliated enterprises totaled $4.1 million and $4.8 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Other Borrowings

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Other Borrowings [Abstract]

Other Borrowings

Note 12. Other Borrowings

The Bank has access to short-term borrowings from the FHLB in the form of a revolving term commitment used to fund the short-term liquidity needs of the Bank. These borrowings reprice on a daily basis and the interest rate fluctuates with short-term market interest rates. The Bank had no short-term borrowings at December 31, 2024 and 2023.

At December 31, 2024 and 2023, other borrowings were:



	December 31
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
FHLB maturing January 12, 2027, with fixed rate at 4.32%	$	200,000	$	-
FHLB maturities through 2024, floating with SOFR, at rates from 5.82% to 5.83%, averaging 5.82%		-		40,000
Federal Reserve maturities through 2024, with fixed rates from 4.38% to 4.93%, averaging 4.58%		-		90,000
	$	200,000	$	130,000

The Bank’s maximum borrowing capacity with the FHLB at December 31, 2024 was $562.7 million with $362.7 million available to borrow. This borrowing capacity is secured by a Blanket Pledge Agreement with FHLB on the Bank’s real estate loan portfolio ($775.4 million) together with pledged securities with a fair value of $28.0 million.

‎

Scheduled payments on other borrowings over the next five years are as follows:


(Dollars in thousands)
2025	$	-
2026		-
2027		200,000
2028		-
2029		-

	$	200,000

The Bank has established credit at the Federal Reserve Discount Window and as of year-end had the ability to borrow approximately $65 million. The Bank also has $76.0 million in unsecured lines of credit at three correspondent banks.

Subordinate Notes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Subordinate Notes [Abstract]

Subordinate Notes

Note 13. Subordinate Notes

At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Corporation had $20.0 million of unsecured subordinated debt notes payable, $15.0 million which mature on September 1, 2030 and $5.0 million which mature on September 1, 2035. The notes are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet net of remaining debt issuance costs totaling $339 thousand at December 31, 2024 and $377.0 thousand at December 31, 2023, which is being amortized on a pro-rata basis, based on the maturity dates of the notes, on an effective interest method. The subordinated notes totaling $15.0 million have a fixed interest rate of 5.00% through September 1, 2025, then convert to a variable rate of 90-day Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) plus 4.93% for the applicable interest periods through maturity. The subordinated notes totaling $5.0 million have a fixed interest rate of 5.25% through September 1, 2030, then convert to a variable rate of 90-day SOFR plus 4.92% for the applicable interest periods through maturity. The Corporation may, at its option, redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at any time 5-years prior to the maturity. The notes are structured to qualify as Tier 2 Capital for the Corporation and there are no debt covenants on the notes.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)(2)
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Paragraph 1
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Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(c))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 470
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/470/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482925/835-30-45-2

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Section 50
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Paragraph 1B
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Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1E

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
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Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 1I
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Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 1I
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I

+ Details

Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Income Taxes [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Note 14. Income Taxes

The temporary differences which give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31 are as follows:



(Dollars in thousands)
Deferred Tax Assets	2024		2023
Allowance for credit losses	$	3,810	$	3,440
Deferred compensation		951		939
Purchase accounting		20		20
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		9,439		10,882
Lease liabilities		920		1,032
Other		605		596
Total gross deferred tax assets		15,745		16,909

Deferred Tax Liabilities
Depreciation		2,936		3,023
Right-of-use asset		886		1,002
Joint ventures and partnerships		48		43
Pension		663		694
Deferred loan fees and costs, net		381		346
Total gross deferred tax liabilities		4,914		5,108
Net deferred tax asset	$	10,831	$	11,801

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, Management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible, Management believes it is more likely than not that the Bank will realize the benefits of these deferred tax assets other than those for which a valuation allowance has been recorded.

The components of income taxes attributable to income from operations were as follows:



	For the Years Ended December 31
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
Current tax expense (benefit)	$	2,689	$	1,015
Deferred tax expense (benefit)		(473)		1,140
Income tax provision	$	2,216	$	2,155

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the income tax provisions are different from the tax expense which would be computed by applying the Federal statutory rate to pretax operating earnings. The Federal statutory rate was 21% for 2024 and 2023. A reconciliation between the tax provision at the statutory rate and the tax provision at the effective tax rate is as follows:


	For the Years Ended December 31
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		%	2023		%
Tax provision at statutory rate	$	2,796	21.0%	$	3,310	21.0%
Income on tax-exempt loans and securities		(881)	-6.6%		(949)	-6.0%
Investment in solar tax credit		(29)	-0.2%		(325)	-2.1%
Nondeductible interest expense relating to carrying tax-exempt obligations		323	2.4%		215	1.4%
Income from bank owned life insurance		(107)	-0.8%		(88)	-0.6%
Stock option compensation		12	0.1%		(1)	0.0%
Other, net		102	0.8%		(7)	0.0%
Income tax provision	$	2,216	16.6%	$	2,155	13.7%

The Corporation recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties in income tax expense for all periods presented. No penalties or interest were recognized in 2024 or 2023. The Corporation had no uncertain tax positions at December 31, 2024. The Corporation is no longer subject to U.S. Federal and state examinations by tax authorities for the years before 2021.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income tax.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 740
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-Section 55
-Paragraph 231
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
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-Paragraph 12C
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12C

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12B

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 270
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477891/740-270-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.5.Q1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-13

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 1
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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/740/tableOfContent

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-14

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
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Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Publisher FASB
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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 2
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-2

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482603/740-30-50-2

+ Details

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)

Note 15. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss included in shareholders' equity at December 31 are as follows:


	For the Years Ended December 31
	2024		2023

Net unrealized losses on debt securities	$	(43,149)	$	(49,416)
Tax effect		9,061		10,377
Ending balance	$	(34,088)	$	(39,039)

Accumulated pension adjustment	$	(1,797)	$	(2,406)
Tax effect		377		505
Net of tax amount	$	(1,420)	$	(1,901)

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(35,508)	$	(40,940)

Financial Derivatives

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Financial Derivatives [Abstract]

Financial Derivatives

Note 16. Financial Derivatives

The Corporation is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Corporation principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Corporation manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities.

Fair Value Hedges – The Corporation entered into certain interest rate swap contracts designated as fair value portfolio layer hedges of certain available-for-sale investment securities. The Corporation makes a fixed payment and receives a variable payment over the life of the contracts. The hedges were determined to be effective during all periods presented and are expected to be effective during the remaining term of the contracts. At December 31, 2024, the Corporation had posted cash collateral of $5.2 million to a counterparty, reported in interest-bearing deposits in other banks on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges – These derivatives result from participations in interest rate swaps provided by external lenders as part of loan participation arrangements, therefore, are not used to manage interest rate risk in the Corporation’s assets or liabilities. Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and result from a service the Corporation provides to certain lenders which participate in loans.

The table below presents the fair value of the Corporation’s derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:



		Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
		Derivative Liabilities
(Dollars in thousands)	As of December 31, 2024						As of December 31, 2023
		Notional amount	Balance Sheet Location		Fair Value		Notional amount	Balance Sheet Location		Fair Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate swaps	$	111,087	Other Assets	$	2,275	$	—	Other Assets	$	—
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments				$	2,275				$	—

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Other Contracts	$	6,064	Other Liabilities	$	—	$	6,268	Other Liabilities	$	2
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments				$	—				$	2

The table below presents the effect of the Corporation’s derivative financial instruments that are designated as hedging instruments on the Income Statement as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:



Effect of Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments on the Statement of Financial Performance
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments under Subtopic 815-20	Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative	Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives
(Dollars in thousands)		Year Ended December 31
			2024		2023
Interest rate swaps	Investment income	$	212	$	-

The table below presents the effect of the Corporation’s derivative financial instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments on the Income Statement as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:



Effect of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments on the Statement of Financial Performance
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments under Subtopic 815-20	Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative	Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives
(Dollars in thousands)		Year Ended December 31
			2024		2023
Other Contracts	Other income	$	1	$	1

‎

The table below presents the carrying amount of the derivative financial instruments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:



	Carrying amount of the hedged items				Cumulative amount of fair value hedging instruments
(Dollars in thousands)	Year Ended December 31				Year Ended December 31
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Investment securities, AFS (1)	$	112,261	$	-	$	(2,300)	$	-

(1)The amounts represent the amortized cost basis of closed portfolios used to designate hedging relationships in which the hedged item is the stated amount of assets in the closed portfolio anticipated to be outstanding for the designated hedge period. At December 31, 2024, the fair value of the closed portfolio used in these hedging relationships was $2.3 million and the notional amount was $111.1 million.

Benefit Plans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Benefit Plans [Abstract]

Benefit Plans

Note 17. Benefit Plans

The Bank has a 401(k) plan which includes an auto enrollment feature and covers all employees of the Bank who have completed four months of service. Employee contributions to the plan are matched at 100% up to 4% of each participant’s deferrals plus 50% of the next 2% of deferrals from participants’ eligible compensation. Under this plan, the maximum amount of employee contributions in any given year is defined by Internal Revenue Service regulations. In addition, a 100% discretionary profit-sharing contribution of up to 2% of each employee’s eligible compensation is possible provided net income targets are achieved. The related expense for the 401(k) plan, and the discretionary profit-sharing plan was $1.3 million in 2024 and in 2023. This expense is recorded in the Salary and employee benefits line of the Consolidated Statements of Income.

The Bank has a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan covering employees hired prior to April 1, 2007 and the plan was closed to new participants on this date. Benefits are based on years of service and the employee’s compensation using a career average formula. The Bank’s funding policy is to contribute the annual amount required to meet the minimum funding requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. Contributions are intended to provide not only for the benefits attributed to service to date but also for those expected to be earned in the future. Employees who are eligible for pension benefits may elect to receive an annuity style payment or a lump-sum payout of their pension benefits. Pension service costs are recorded in Salary and benefits expense while all other components of net periodic pension costs are recorded in other expense. For the next fiscal year, the estimated net loss for the defined benefit pension plan that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit costs is $78 thousand. The Bank uses December 31 as the measurement date for its pension plan.

The Bank’s Pension Committee reviews and determines all the assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations and expense annually. Historical investment returns play a significant role in determining the expected long-term rate of return on Plan assets.

‎

The following table sets forth the plan’s funded status, based on the 2024 and 2023 actuarial valuations:



	For the Years Ended December 31
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
Change in projected benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of measurement year	$	13,129	$	13,865
Service cost		219		216
Interest cost		769		806
Actuarial (gain) loss		(14)		(214)
Benefits paid		(855)		(1,544)
Benefit obligation at end of measurement year		13,248		13,129

Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of measurement year		13,962		13,779
Actual return on plan assets net of expenses		1,414		1,727
Benefits paid		(855)		(1,544)
Fair value of plan assets at end of measurement year		14,521		13,962

Funded status of projected benefit obligation	$	1,273	$	833

	For the Years Ended December 31
	2024		2023
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
Discount rate		6.32%		5.96%
Rate of compensation increase		5.00%		6.00%
Expected long-term return on plan assets		6.00%		6.00%



(Dollars in thousands)
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive	For the Years Ended December 31
income (loss), net of tax	2024		2023
Net actuarial loss	$	(1,797)	$	(2,406)
Tax effect		377		505
Net amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(1,420)	$	(1,901)



(Dollars in thousands)	For the Years Ended December 31
Components of net periodic pension cost	2024		2023
Service cost	$	219	$	216
Interest cost		769		806
Expected return on plan assets		(863)		(923)
Recognized net actuarial loss		43		—
Net periodic pension cost		168		99
Total net periodic pension cost	$	168	$	99

‎



	For the Years Ended December 31
	2024		2023
Assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost:
Discount rate		5.96%		6.17%
Rate of compensation increase		6.00%		6.00%
Expected long-term return on plan assets		6.00%		6.00%

Asset allocations:
Cash and cash equivalents		3%		3%
Common stocks		29%		36%
Corporate bonds		17%		14%
Municipal bonds		24%		28%
Investment fund - debt		6%		2%
Investment fund - equity		18%		13%
Deposit in immediate participation guarantee contract		3%		4%
Total		100%		100%

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of the assets held by the plan. See Note 22 for additional information on the fair value hierarchy.

Cash and Cash Equivalents: The carrying value of this asset is considered to approximate its fair value (Level 1).

Equity Securities, Investment Funds (Debt and Equity): The fair value of assets in these categories are determined using quoted market prices from nationally recognized markets (Level 1).

Bonds (Corporate and Municipal): Fair values of these assets was primarily measured using information from a third-party pricing service. This service provides pricing information by utilizing evaluated pricing models supported with market data information. Standard inputs include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, and reference data from market research publications. Fair values were estimated primarily by obtaining quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or through the use of pricing models (Level 2).

Immediate Participation Guarantee Contract: The carrying value of this asset is considered to approximate its fair value. (Level 1).

Cash Surrender Value of Life Insurance: The cash surrender value of this asset is considered to approximate its fair value. However, the inputs used to determine the cash surrender value are not readily observable in the market (Level 3).

The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Plan's investments at fair value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. For more information on the levels within the fair value hierarchy, please refer to Note 22.



(Dollars in Thousands)	December 31, 2024
Asset Description	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents	$	473	$	473	$	—	$	—
Equity securities		4,256		4,256		—		—
Corporate bonds		2,470		—		2,470		—
Municipal bonds		3,469		—		3,469		—
Investment fund - debt		856		856		—		—
Investment fund - equity		2,623		2,623		—		—
Deposit in immediate participation guarantee contract		361		361		—		—
Cash surrender value of life insurance		13		—		—		13
Total assets	$	14,521	$	8,569	$	5,939	$	13



(Dollars in Thousands)	December 31, 2023
Asset Description	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents	$	457	$	457	$	—	$	—
Equity securities		4,978		4,978		—		—
Corporate bonds		1,961		—		1,961		—
Municipal bonds		3,911		—		3,911		—
Investment fund - debt		274		274		—		—
Investment fund - equity		1,831		1,831		—		—
Deposit in immediate participation guarantee contract		537		537		—		—
Cash surrender value of life insurance		13		—		—		13
Total assets	$	13,962	$	8,077	$	5,872	$	13

The following table sets forth a summary of the changes in the fair value of the Plan's level 3 investments for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023:



	Cash Value of Life Insurance
	December 31
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	13	$	28
Unrealized gain (loss) relating to investments held at the reporting date		—		—
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlement, net		—		(15)
Balance at the end of the period	$	13	$	13

Contributions

The Bank does not expect to make any contributions in 2025.

Estimated future benefit payments at December 31, 2024 (Dollars in Thousands)


2025	$	1,264
2026		1,625
2027		1,676
2028		1,146
2029		844
2030-2034		5,159

- Definition

The entire disclosure for retirement benefits.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 70
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480794/715-70-50-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 715
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-Section 55
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480482/715-20-55-17

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480126/715-20-S99-2

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480266/715-60-50-3

+ Details

Stock Based Compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Stock Based Compensation [Abstract]

Stock Based Compensation

Note 18. Stock Based Compensation

In 2004, the Corporation adopted the Employee Stock Purchase Plan of 2004 (ESPP). Under the ESPP, options for 250,000 shares of stock can be issued to eligible employees. The number of shares that can be purchased by each participant is defined by the plan and the Board of Directors sets the option price. However, the option price cannot be less than 90% of the fair market value of a share of the Corporation’s common stock on the date the option is granted. The Board of Directors also determines the expiration date of the options; however, no option may have a term that exceeds one year from the grant date. ESPP options are exercisable immediately upon grant. Any shares related to unexercised options are available for future grant. The Board of Directors may amend, suspend or terminate the ESPP at any time. The exercise price of the 2024 ESPP options was set at 95% of the stock’s fair value at the time of the award.

In 2019, the Corporation approved the 2019 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (Stock Plan), replacing the Incentive Stock Option Plan of 2013 (ISOP). No new awards will be made under the 2013 plan; however, any awards made under the 2013 plan remain outstanding under the terms they were issued. Under the Stock Plan, 400,000 shares have been authorized to be issued, inclusive of the remaining shares available under the 2013 plan that were rolled into the Stock Plan and forfeited awards are available for future grants. The Stock Plan allows for various types of awards including incentive stock options, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights.

The ESPP options and the incentive stock options (ISO) awarded under the Stock Plan and outstanding at December 31, 2024 are all exercisable. The ESPP options expire on June 30, 2025 and the ISO options expire 10 years from the grant date. The following table summarizes the activity in the ESPP:



Employee Stock Purchase Plan
	ESPP	Weighted Average		Aggregate
(Dollars in thousands except share and per share data)	Options	Price Per Share		Intrinsic Value
Balance Outstanding at December 31, 2022	25,943	$	28.73	$	-
Granted	34,894		26.35
Exercised	(1,607)		27.21
Expired	(27,306)		27.77
Balance Outstanding at December 31, 2023	31,924	$	26.35	$	166
Granted	37,700		26.87
Exercised	(1,159)		26.61
Expired	(33,188)		26.38
Balance Outstanding at December 31, 2024	35,277	$	26.87	$	107

Shares available for future grants under the ESPP at December 31, 2024	167,509

The following tables summarize the activity in the Stock Plan:



Incentive Stock Options
		Weighted Average		Aggregate
(Dollars in thousands except share and per share data)	ISOP	Price Per Share		Intrinsic Value
Balance Outstanding at December 31, 2022	70,454	$	28.84	$	511
Granted	—		—
Exercised	—		—
Forfeited	—		—
Balance Outstanding at December 31, 2023	70,454	$	28.84	$	191
Granted	—		—
Exercised	(6,375)		22.05
Forfeited	—		—
Balance Outstanding at December 31, 2024	64,079	$	29.51	$	25

‎



Restricted Shares
		Weighted Average
	Restricted	Grant Date
	Shares	Fair Value
Nonvested as of December 31, 2022	20,504	$	32.40
Granted	15,734		31.64
Vested	(17,183)		31.56
Forfeited	(548)		32.48
Nonvested as of December 31, 2023	18,507	$	32.53
Granted	26,001		27.03
Vested	(16,652)		31.18
Forfeited	—		—
Nonvested as of December 31, 2024	27,856	$	28.21

Shares available for future grants under the Stock Plan at December 31, 2024	227,540

Restricted shares awarded under the Stock Plan fully vest in one year for awards to Directors and ratably over three years for awards to other eligible employees. Compensation expense is based on the grant date fair value and was $634 thousand in 2024 and $483 in 2023. The amount of unrecognized compensation expense for restricted shares was $405 thousand at December 31, 2024.

The following table provides information about the options outstanding at December 31, 2024:



	Options			Weighted
	Outstanding		Exercise Price	Average Remaining
Stock Option Plan	and Exercisable		per share	Life (years)
Employee Stock Purchase Plan	35,277	$	26.87	0.5

Incentive Stock Options	625		22.05	0.2
Incentive Stock Options	14,650		21.27	1.2
Incentive Stock Options	24,050		30.00	2.2
Incentive Stock Options	24,754		34.10	3.2
ISO Total/Average	64,079	$	28.84	2.3

Deferred Compensation Agreement

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Deferred Compensation Agreement [Abstract]

Deferred Compensation Agreement

Note 19. Deferred Compensation Agreement

The Bank has a Director’s Deferred Compensation Plan, whereby each director may voluntarily participate and elect each year to defer all or a portion of their Bank director’s fees. Each participant directs the investment of their own account among various publicly available mutual funds designated by the Bank’s Wealth Management department. Changes in the account balance beyond the amount deferred to the account are solely the result of the performance of the selected mutual fund. The Bank maintains an offsetting asset and liability for the deferred account balances and the annual expense is recorded as a component of directors’ fees as if it were a direct payment to the director. The Bank will not incur any expense when the account goes into payout.

Shareholders' Equity

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Shareholders' Equity [Abstract]

Shareholders’ Equity

Note 20. Shareholders’ Equity

The Board of Directors, from time to time, authorizes the repurchase of the Corporation’s $1.00 par value common stock. The repurchased shares will be held as Treasury shares available for issuance in connection with future stock dividends and stock splits, employee benefit plans, executive compensation plans, the Dividend Reinvestment Plan (DRIP) and other appropriate corporate purposes. The term of the repurchase plans is normally one year. The Corporation held 283,610 and 339,741 treasury shares at cost at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The following table provides information about the Corporation’s stock repurchase activity under an approved plan:



			Shares Repurchased
Plan Date	Authorized	Expiration	2024	2023
12/14/2023	150,000 shares	12/31/2024	24,520	—

The Corporation’s DRIP allows for shareholders to purchase additional shares of the Corporation’s common stock by reinvesting cash dividends paid on their shares or through optional cash payments. The Corporation has authorized one million (1,000,000) shares

of its currently authorized but not outstanding common stock to be issued under the plan or it may issue from Treasury shares. The DRIP added $1.7 million to capital during 2024. This total was comprised of $1.0 million from the reinvestment of quarterly dividends and $730 thousand of optional cash purchases. During 2024, 62,247 shares of common stock were purchased through the DRIP and 158,205 shares remain to be issued. In January 2025, an open market repurchase plan was approved to repurchase 150,000 shares over a one-year period.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for equity.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 14
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Section 50
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-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 505
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-6

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480237/815-40-50-6

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 505
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/505/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Topic 505
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Publisher FASB
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+ Details

Commitments And Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Commitments And Contingencies [Abstract]

Commitments And Contingencies

Note 21. Commitments and Contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Bank is a party to financial instruments that are not reflected in the accompanying financial statements and are commonly referred to as off-balance-sheet instruments. These financial instruments are entered into primarily to meet the financing needs of the Bank’s customers and include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk not recognized in the consolidated balance sheet.

The Corporation’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by other parties to the financial instruments for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contract or notional amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as they do for on-balance-sheet instruments.

The Bank had the following outstanding commitments as of December 31:



(Dollars in thousands)
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk	2024		2023
Commercial commitments to extend credit	$	328,806	$	325,982
Consumer commitments to extend credit (secured)		135,776		112,157
Consumer commitments to extend credit (unsecured)		5,352		5,964
	$	469,934	$	444,103
Standby letters of credit	$	28,815	$	19,851

ACL - Unfunded Commitments (1)	$	2,030	$	2,022
(1) Reported in Other Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses with the exception of home equity lines and personal lines of credit and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank, is based on Management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral for most commercial commitments varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant, and equipment, and income-producing commercial properties. Collateral for secured consumer commitments consists of liens on residential real estate.

Standby letters of credit are instruments issued by the Bank, which guarantee the beneficiary payment by the Bank in the event of default by the Bank’s customer in the nonperformance of an obligation or service. Most standby letters of credit are extended for one year periods. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The Bank holds collateral supporting the majority of those commitments for which collateral is deemed necessary primarily in the form of certificates of deposit and liens on real estate. Management believes that the proceeds obtained through a liquidation of such collateral would be sufficient to cover the maximum potential amount of future payments required under the corresponding guarantees.

Most of the Bank’s business activity is with customers located within its primary market and does not involve any significant concentrations of credit to any one entity or industry.

On January 1, 2023, the Corporation adopted ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) methodology. Upon adoption, $412 thousand was added to the allowance for credit losses (ACL) – unfunded commitments. For 2024, the provision for credit losses-unfunded commitments was $8 thousand compared to $135 thousand for 2023.

‎

Legal Proceedings

The nature of the Corporation’s business generates a certain amount of litigation.

We establish accruals for legal proceedings when information related to the loss contingencies represented by those matters indicates both that a loss is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. When we are able to do so, we also determine estimates of probable losses, whether in excess of any accrued liability or where there is no accrued liability.

These assessments are based on our analysis of currently available information and are subject to significant judgment and a variety of assumptions and uncertainties. As new information is obtained, we may change our assessments and, as a result, take or adjust the amounts of our accruals and change our estimates of possible losses or ranges of possible losses. Due to the inherent subjectivity of the assessments and the unpredictability of outcomes of legal proceedings, any amounts that may be accrued or included in estimates of probable losses or ranges of probable losses may not represent the actual loss to the Corporation from any legal proceeding. Our exposure and ultimate losses may be higher, possibly significantly higher, than amounts we may accrue or amounts we may estimate.

In management’s opinion, we do not anticipate, at the present time, that the ultimate aggregate liability, if any, arising out of all litigation to which the Corporation is a party will have a material adverse effect on our financial position. We cannot now determine, however, whether or not any claim asserted against us will have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in any future reporting period, which will depend on, amount other things, the amount of loss resulting from the claim and the amount of income otherwise reported for the reporting period. Thus, at December 31, 2024, we are unable to provide an evaluation of the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or an estimate of the amount or range of potential loss with respect to such other matters and, accordingly, have not yet established any specific accrual for such other matters.

No material proceedings are pending or are known to be threatened or contemplated against us by governmental authorities.

In management’s opinion, there are no other proceedings pending to which the Corporation is a party or to which its property is subject which, if determined adversely to the Corporation, would be material.

Fair Value Measurements And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Fair Value Measurements And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements And Fair Values Of Financial Instruments

Note 22. Fair Value Measurements and Fair Values of Financial Instruments

Management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of the Corporation’s financial instruments; however, there are inherent weaknesses in any estimation technique. Therefore, for substantially all financial instruments, the fair value estimates herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Corporation could have realized in a sales transaction on the dates indicated. The estimated fair value amounts have been measured as of their respective year-ends and have not been re-evaluated or updated for purposes of these financial statements subsequent to those respective dates. As such, the estimated fair values of these financial instruments subsequent to the respective reporting dates maybe different than the amounts reported at each year-end.

FASB ASC Topic 820, “Financial Instruments”, requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and liabilities, including those financial assets and liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis. The Corporation does not report any nonfinancial assets at fair value. FASB ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation methods used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FASB ASC Topic 820 are as follows:

Level 1: Valuation is based on unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. There may be substantial differences in the assumptions used for securities within the same level. For example, prices for U.S. Agency securities have fewer assumptions and are closer to level 1 valuations than the private label mortgage-backed securities that require more assumptions and are closer to level 3 valuations.

Level 3: Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Corporation’s assumptions regarding what market participants would assume when pricing a financial instrument.

An asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The level within the hierarchy does not represent risk.

The following information regarding the fair value of the Corporation’s financial instruments should not be interpreted as an estimate of the fair value of the entire Corporation since a fair value calculation is only provided for a limited portion of the Corporation’s assets and liabilities. Due to a wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between the Corporation’s disclosures and those of other companies may not be meaningful.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of the Corporation’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Equity Securities: Equity securities are valued using quoted market prices from nationally recognized markets (Level 1). Equity securities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Investment securities: Fair values of investment securities available-for-sale were primarily measured using information from a third-party pricing service. This service provides pricing information by utilizing evaluated pricing models supported with market data information. Standard inputs include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, and reference data from market research publications. Level 2 investment securities are primarily comprised of debt securities issued by states and municipalities, corporations, mortgage-backed securities issued by government agencies, and government-sponsored enterprises. Fair values were estimated primarily by obtaining quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or through the use of pricing models. Investment securities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Collateral Dependent Loans: The fair value of collateral dependent loans with specific allocations of the allowance for credit losses is generally based on recent real estate appraisals conducted by an independent, licensed appraiser, less cost to sell. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach (Level 2). If the appraiser makes an adjustment to account for differences between the comparable sales and income data available for similar loans, or if management adjusts the appraised value, then the fair value is considered Level 3. Non-real estate collateral may be valued using an appraisal, net book value per the borrower’s financial statements, or aging reports, adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and client’s business, resulting in a Level 3 fair value classification. Collateral dependent loans are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted in accordance with the allowance policy. No partial charge-offs on these loans were taken in 2024. Collateral dependent loans are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

Derivatives: The fair value of derivatives are based on valuation methods using observable market data as of the measurement data (Level 2). The fair value of derivatives are determined using quantitative models using multiple market inputs. The inputs will vary based on the type of derivative, but could include interest rates, prices and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves, prepayment rates and other factors to value the position. The majority of market inputs are actively quoted and can be validated through external sources including, brokers, market transactions and third-party pricing services. The fair value represents an estimate of the amount the Corporation would receive or pay to terminate the derivative contract.

Other Real Estate Owned: Assets acquired through or instead of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at the lower of cost or the fair value less costs to sell when acquired. These assets are subsequently accounted for at lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Fair value is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals which are updated no less frequently than annually. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach with data from comparable properties (Level 2). If the appraiser makes an adjustment to account for differences between the comparable sales and income data available for similar loans, or if management adjusts the appraised value, then the fair value is considered Level 3. In connection with the measurement and initial recognition of other real estate owned, losses are recognized through the allowance for loan losses. Subsequent charge-offs are recognized as an expense. Other real estate owned properties are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

For financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used at December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:



(Dollars in Thousands)	Fair Value at December 31, 2024
Asset Description	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Equity securities, at fair value	$	166	$	—	$	—	$	166

Available for sale:
U.S. Treasury		31,797		—		—		31,797
Municipal		—		133,592		—		133,592
Corporate		—		24,224		—		24,224
Agency mortgage & asset-backed		—		169,821		—		169,821
Non-Agency mortgage & asset-backed		—		149,170		—		149,170
Total available for sale securities	$	31,963	$	476,807	$	—	$	508,770

Derivatives	$	—	$	2,275	$	—	$	2,275



(Dollars in Thousands)	Fair Value at December 31, 2023
Asset Description	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Equity securities, at fair value	$	427	$	—	$	—	$	427

Available for sale:
U.S. Treasury		74,091		—		—		74,091
Municipal		—		138,618		—		138,618
Corporate		—		23,198		—		23,198
Agency mortgage & asset-backed		—		132,591		—		132,591
Non-Agency mortgage & asset-backed		—		104,005		—		104,005
Total available for sale securities	$	74,518	$	398,412	$	—	$	472,930

Liabilities
Derivatives	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	2

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

Financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2024 are presented in the table below. There were no financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2023.



(Dollars in Thousands)	Fair Value at December 31, 2024
Asset Description	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Collateral Dependent Loans (1)	$	—	$	—	$	380	$	380
Total assets	$	—	$	—	$	380	$	380

(1)Collateral dependent loans are reported at the fair value of the underlying collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Collateral values are estimated using Level 3 inputs based on customized discounting criteria.

The Corporation did not record any liabilities at fair value for which measurement of the fair value was made on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2024 and 2023. For financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, there were no transfers of financial assets or liabilities between Level 1 and Level 2 during the period ending December 31, 2024 and 2023.

‎

The following table presents additional quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2024. There were no assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2023.



(Dollars in Thousands)		Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

					Range
December 31, 2024		Fair Value	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	(Weighted Average)
Collateral Dependent	$	380	Appraisal	Appraisal Adjustment on

				Real estate assets	100% (100%)
				Cost to sell	10%

(1)Collateral Dependent Loans: Collateral dependent loans are reported at the fair value of the underlying collateral if re payment is expected solely from the collateral. Collateral values are estimated using Level 3 inputs based on customized discounting criteria.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair value of financial instruments not carried at fair value are as follows:



	December 31, 2024
	Carrying		Fair
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount		Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial assets, carried at cost:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	203,613	$	203,613	$	203,613	$	—	$	—
Long-term interest-earnings deposits in other banks		1,499		1,499		1,499
Loans held for sale		2,470		2,470		—		2,470		—
Net loans		1,380,424		1,351,450		—		—		1,351,450
Accrued interest receivable		7,348		7,348		—		—		7,348

Financial liabilities:
Deposits	$	1,815,647	$	1,814,479	$	—	$	1,814,479	$	—
FHLB Advances		200,000		200,883				200,883
Subordinate notes		19,699		18,032		—		18,032		—
Accrued interest payable		4,689		4,689		—		4,689		—

	December 31, 2023
	Carrying		Fair
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount		Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial assets, carried at cost:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	23,140	$	23,140	$	23,140	$	—	$	—
Long-term interest-earnings deposits in other banks		6,229		6,229		6,229
Loans held for sale		213		213		—		213		—
Net loans		1,240,933		1,207,403		—		—		1,207,403
Accrued interest receivable		7,506		7,506		—		—		7,506

Financial liabilities:
Deposits	$	1,537,978	$	1,537,480	$	—	$	1,537,480	$	—
Federal Reserve Bank Borrowings		90,000		89,783				89,783
FHLB Advances		40,000		40,110				40,110
Subordinate notes		19,661		18,303		—		18,303		—
Accrued interest payable		3,856		3,856		—		3,856		—

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 107
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107

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+ Details

Parent Company (Franklin Financial Services Corporation) Condensed Financial Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Parent Company (Franklin Financial Services Corporation) Condensed Financial Information [Abstract]

Parent Company (Franklin Financial Services Corporation) Condensed Financial Information

Note 23. Parent Company (Franklin Financial Services Corporation) Condensed Financial Information

Balance Sheets



	December 31
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	9,137	$	10,070
Investment securities		166		427
Equity investment in subsidiaries		153,410		140,074
Other assets		1,704		1,228
Total assets	$	164,417		151,799

Liabilities:
Subordinate notes	$	19,699	$	19,661
Other liabilities		2		2
Total liabilities		19,701		19,663
Shareholders' equity		144,716		132,136
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	164,417	$	151,799

Statements of Income



	Years Ended December 31
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
Income:
Dividends from Bank subsidiary	$	5,956	$	5,607
Change in fair value of equity securities		209		16
Dividends		7		7
		6,172		5,630
Expenses:
Interest expense		1,050		1,051
Operating expenses		1,932		1,887
Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed income ‎ of subsidiaries		3,190		2,692
Income tax benefit		568		894
Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries		7,341		10,012
Net income		11,099		13,598
Other comprehensive income/(loss) of subsidiary		5,432		10,347
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	16,531	$	23,945

Statements of Cash Flows



	Years Ended December 31
(Dollars in thousands)	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	11,099	$	13,598
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided
by operating activities:
Equity in undistributed (income) of subsidiary		(7,341)		(10,012)
Stock option compensation		634		483
Change in fair value of equity security		(209)		(16)
Increase in other assets/liabilities		(531)		(896)
Net cash provided by operating activities		3,652		3,157

Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends paid		(5,629)		(5,595)
Cash received from option exercises		122		47
Common stock issued under dividend reinvestment plan		1,749		1,355
Treasury stock purchase		(827)		(2,394)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(4,585)		(6,587)
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(933)		(3,430)
Cash and cash equivalents as of January 1		10,070		13,500
Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31	$	9,137	$	10,070

Revenue Recognition

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Revenue Recognition [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

Note 24. Revenue Recognition

All of the Corporation’s revenue from contracts with customers within the scope of ASC 606 is recognized in non-interest income as presented in our consolidated statements of income. Revenue generating activities that fall within the scope of ASC 606 are described as follows:

Wealth Management Fees - these represent fees from wealth management (assets under management), fees from the management and settlement of estates and commissions from the sale of investment and insurance products. Asset management fees are generally assessed based on a tiered fee schedule, based on the value of assets under management, and are recognized monthly when the service obligation is completed. Fees for estate management services are based on the estimated fair value of the estate. These fees are generally recognized monthly over an 18-month period that Management has determined to represent the average time to fulfill the performance obligations of the contract. Management has the discretion to adjust this time period as needed based upon the nature and complexity of an individual estate. Commissions from the sale of investment and insurance products are recognized upon the completion of the transaction.

The following table presents Wealth Management Fees for December 31, 2024 and 2023:


	For the Twelve Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)	December 31,
Wealth Management Fees	2024		2023

Asset Management Fees	$	7,760	$	6,889
Estate Management Fees		508		295
Commissions		270		328
Total	$	8,538	$	7,512

Loan Service Charges – these represent fees on loans for services or charges that occur after the loan has been booked, for example, late payment fees. All of these fees are transactional in nature and are recognized upon completion of the transaction which represents the performance obligation.

Deposit Service Charges and Fees – these represent fees from deposit customers for transaction based, account maintenance, and overdraft services. Transaction based fees include, but are not limited to, stop payment fees and overdraft fees. These fees are recognized at the time of the transaction when the performance obligation has been fulfilled. Account maintenance fees and account

analysis fees are earned over the course of a month, representing the period of the performance obligation, and are recognized monthly.

Debit Card Income – this represents interchange fees from cardholder transactions conducted through the card payment network. Cardholders use the debit card to conduct point-of-sale transactions that produce interchange fees. The fees are transaction based and the fee is recognized with the processing of the transaction. These fees are reported net of cardholder rewards.

Other Service Charges and Fees – these are comprised primarily of merchant card fees, credit card fees, ATM surcharges and interchange fees and wire transfer fees. Merchant card fees represent fees the Bank earns from a third party for enrolling a customer in the processor’s program. Credit card fees represent a fee earned by the Bank for a successful referral to a card-issuing company. ATM surcharges and interchange fees are the result of Bank customers conducting ATM transactions that generate fee income and are processed through multiple card networks. All of these fees are transaction based and are recognized at the time of the transaction.

Other Income – these items are transactional in nature and recognized upon completion of the transaction which represents the performance obligation. Certain items included in this category may be excluded from the scope of ASC 606.

Gains/Losses on the Sale of Other Real Estate – these are recognized when control of the property transfers to the buyer.

Contract Balances – A contract asset balance occurs when an entity performs a service for a customer before the customer pays consideration (resulting in a contract receivable) or before payment is due (resulting in a contract asset). A contract liability balance is an entity’s obligation to transfer a service to a customer for which the entity has already received payment (or payment is due) from the customer. The Company’s noninterest revenue streams are largely based on transactional activity, or standard month-end revenue accruals such as asset management fees based on month-end market values. Consideration is often received immediately or shortly after the Company satisfies its performance obligation and revenue is recognized. The Company does not typically enter into longer-term revenue contracts with customers, and therefore, does not experience significant contract balances.

Contract Acquisition Costs – The Corporation expenses all contract acquisition costs as costs are incurred.

- Definition

The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
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Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/606/tableOfContent

+ Details

Segment Reporting

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Reporting

Note 25. Segment Reporting

The Corporation’s reportable segments are determined by the Chief Operating Officer of the Bank, who is the designated chief operating decision maker (CODM), based upon information provided about the Corporation’s products and services offered primarily between community banking and wealth management segments. The segments are also distinguished by the level of information provided to the CODM, who uses such information to review the performance of various components of the business, which are then aggregated if operating performance, products/services, and customer are similar. The CODM evaluates the financial performance of the Corporation’s business segments by evaluating revenue streams, significant expenses, and budget to actual results to assess the performance of the segments and to determine allocation of resources. This evaluation is also used to assess the performance of each segment to evaluate compensation of certain employees.

Segment pretax profit or loss is used to assess the performance of the community banking segment by monitoring net interest income, fee income and noninterest expense. In this segment, interest income on loans and securities, and banking service fees are the primary source of revenue. Interest expense, the provision for credit losses, and salaries and benefits are the primary expenses.

‎

Segment pretax profit or loss is used to assess the performance of the wealth management segment by monitoring fee income and operating expense, and by assets under management. In this segment, fees from assets under management are the primary source of revenue, while salaries and benefits are the primary expense.



	Year Ended December 31, 2024						Year Ended December 31, 2023
	Reportable Segments						Reportable Segments
(Dollars in thousands)	Wealth		Community Banking		Consolidated Total		Wealth		Community Banking		Consolidated Total

Interest income - loans, including fees	$	—	$	73,996	$	73,996	$	—	$	58,277	$	58,277
Interest income - investments		—		18,211		18,218		—		16,071		16,078
Interest income - interest-earning deposits in other banks		—		9,237		9,237		—		2,407		2,407
Wealth fee income		8,538		—		8,538		7,512		—		7,512
Total segment income	$	8,538	$	101,444	$	109,989	$	7,512	$	76,755	$	84,274

Reconciliation of revenue
Other revenue - not allocated to a segment						5,141						7,339
Total consolidated revenue					$	115,130					$	91,613

Less:
Interest expense - deposits	$	—	$	30,906	$	30,906	$	—	$	18,843	$	18,843
Interest expense - other borrowings		—		11,981		13,031		—		3,231		4,282
Provision for credit losses		—		1,983		1,983		—		2,724		2,724
Salary and benefit expense		3,829		28,923		32,752		3,722		25,091		28,813
Segment profit	$	4,709	$	27,651	$	36,458	$	3,790	$	26,866	$	36,951

Other expenses - not allocated to a segment						23,143						21,198

Income before taxes					$	13,315					$	15,753

Other segment disclosures
Net occupancy	$	524	$	4,059	$	4,583	$	400	$	3,998	$	4,398
Data processing	$	198	$	5,606	$	5,804	$	197	$	4,595	$	4,792

Total assets for reportable segments	$	1,555	$	2,194,365	$	2,197,841	$	1,422	$	1,834,333	$	1,836,039

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

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+ Details

Tax Credit Investments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Tax Credit Investments [Abstract]

Tax Credit Investments

Note 26. Tax Credit Investments

The Corporation has invested in various solar tax credit limited partnerships or LLCs. These partnerships develop, build and operate solar renewable energy projects. Over the course of these investments, the Corporation expects to receive federal tax credits, tax-related benefits and excess cash distributions, if available. At December 31, 2024, the balance of these investments was ($382) thousand. The Corporation has no unfunded commitments to these projects.

During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Corporation recognized other income, net of amortization of $447 thousand and $0, respectively, reported in Other Noninterest Income on the consolidated statements of income. Additionally, the Corporation recognized $122 thousand in federal income tax credits for 2024 and $367 thousand for 2023. The tax benefits from these investments is generally recognized over six years.

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies (Policy)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Principles Of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation – The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Franklin Financial Services Corporation (the Corporation) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries; Farmers and Merchants Trust Company of Chambersburg and Franklin Future Fund Inc. Farmers and Merchants Trust Company of Chambersburg is a commercial bank (the Bank) that has one wholly-owned subsidiary, Franklin Financial Properties Corp., which holds real estate assets that are leased by the Bank. Franklin Future Fund Inc. is a non-bank investment company that makes venture capital investments within the Corporation’s primary market area. The activities of non-bank entities are not significant to the consolidated totals. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Nature Of Operations

Nature of Operations – The Corporation conducts substantially all of its business through its subsidiary bank, Farmers and Merchants Trust Company of Chambersburg, which serves its customer base through twenty-two community-banking offices located in Franklin, Cumberland, Fulton and Huntingdon Counties, Pennsylvania; and Washington County, Maryland. These counties are considered to be the Corporation’s primary market area, but it may do business in the greater South-Central Pennsylvania and Northern Maryland market. The Bank is a community-oriented commercial bank that emphasizes customer service and convenience. As part of its strategy, the Bank has sought to develop a variety of products and services that meet the needs of both its retail and commercial customers. The Corporation and the Bank are subject to the regulations of various federal and state agencies and undergo periodic examinations by these regulatory authorities.

Use Of Estimates In The Preparation Of Financial Statements

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires Management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses.

Significant Group Concentrations Of Credit Risk

Significant Group Concentrations of Credit Risk – Most of the Corporation’s activities are with customers located within its primary market area. Note 4 of the consolidated financial statements shows the types of securities in which the Corporation invests. Note 5 of the consolidated financial statements shows the types of lending in which the Corporation engages. The Corporation does not have any significant concentrations in any one industry or customer.

Statement Of Cash Flows

Statement of Cash Flows – For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include Cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits in other banks and cash items with original maturities less than 90 days.

Investment Securities

Investment Securities – Management classifies its debt securities at the time of purchase as available for sale or held to maturity. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, all debt securities were classified as available for sale, meaning that the Corporation intends to hold them for an indefinite period of time, but not necessarily to maturity. Available-for-sale debt securities are stated at estimated fair value, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts which are recognized as adjustments of interest income through call date or maturity. The related unrealized gains and losses are reported as other comprehensive income or loss, net of tax, until realized. Realized securities gains and losses are computed using the specific identification method. Gains or losses on the disposition of debt investment securities are recorded on the trade date, based on the net proceeds and the adjusted carrying amount of the specific security sold. Equity investments are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.

On January 1, 2023, the Corporation adopted ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments which eliminated the previous concept of other-than-temporary impairment for AFS securities. (see Allowance for Credit Losses below).

Restricted Stock

Restricted Stock – Restricted stock, which is carried at cost, consists of stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh (FHLB) and Atlantic Central Bankers Bank (ACBB). The Bank held $8.8 million of restricted stock at the end of 2024. With the exception of $30 thousand, this investment represents stock in the FHLB that the Bank is required to hold in order to be a member of FHLB and is carried at a cost of $100 per share. FHLB stock is divided into two classes: membership stock and activity stock, which is based on outstanding loan balances. Federal law requires a member institution of the FHLB to hold FHLB stock according to a predetermined formula. Management evaluates the restricted stock for impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 320. Management’s determination of whether these investments are impaired is based on their assessment of the ultimate recoverability of their cost rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value. The determination of whether a decline affects the ultimate recoverability of their cost is influenced by criteria such as (1) the significance of the decline in net assets of the banks as compared to the capital stock

amount for the banks and the length of time this situation has persisted, (2) commitments by the banks to make payments required by law or regulation and (3) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on institutions and, accordingly, on the customer base of the banks. As a government sponsored entity, FHLB has the ability to raise funding through the U.S. Treasury that can be used to support its operations. There is not a public market for FHLB or ACBB stock and the benefits of membership (e.g., liquidity and low-cost funding) add value to the stock beyond purely financial measures. Management intends to remain a member of the FHLB and believes that it will be able to fully recover the cost basis of this investment. Management believes no impairment charge is necessary related to the FHLB or ACBB restricted stock as of December 31, 2024.

Financial Derivatives

Financial Derivatives - FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), provides the disclosure requirements for derivatives and hedging activities with the intent to provide users of financial statements with an enhanced understanding of: (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how the entity accounts for derivative instruments and related hedged items, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Further, qualitative disclosures are required that explain the Company’s objectives and strategies for using derivatives, as well as quantitative disclosures about the fair value of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative instruments.

As required by ASC 815, the Corporation records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Corporation has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. For a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative, as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk, are recognized in current earnings as fair values change. Derivatives may also be designated as hedges of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk in a fair value hedge or the earnings effect of the hedged forecasted transactions in a cash flow hedge. The Corporation may enter into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain of its risk, even though hedge accounting does not apply, or the Corporation elects not to apply hedge accounting.

In accordance with the FASB’s fair value measurement guidance (in ASU 2011-04), the Corporation may make an accounting policy election to measure the credit risk of its derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements on a net basis by counterparty portfolio. At December 31, 2024, there were no derivatives subject to a netting agreement.

Loans

Loans – Loans, that Management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff, are stated at the outstanding unpaid principal balances, net of any deferred fees. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the yield (interest income) of the related loans using the interest method. The Corporation is amortizing these amounts over the contractual life of the loan.

The accrual of interest is generally discontinued when the contractual payment of principal or interest has become 90 days past due or Management has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, even though the loan is currently performing. A loan may remain on accrual status if it is in the process of collection and is either guaranteed or well secured. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, unpaid interest credited to income in the current year is reversed and unpaid interest accrued in a prior year is charged against the allowance for credit losses. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied initially against principal, then interest income, late charges and any other expenses and fees. Generally, loans are restored to accrual status when the obligation is brought current, has performed in accordance with the contractual terms for a reasonable period of time and the ultimate collectability of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt. Consumer loans are typically charged off no later than 180 days past due. Past due status is based on contractual terms of the loans.

Loans Held For Sale

Loans Held for Sale – Mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market at the time of origination are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value (determined on an aggregate basis). All sales are made without recourse. Loans held for sale at December 31, 2024 represent loans originated through third-party brokerage agreements for a pre-determined price and present no price risk to the Bank.

Allowance For Credit Losses (ACL)