FULTON FINANCIAL CORP, 10-K filed on 2/28/2025
Annual Report
v3.25.0.1
COVER PAGE - USD ($)
$ in Billions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Feb. 25, 2025
Jun. 30, 2024
Document Information [Line Items]      
Document Type 10-K    
Document Annual Report true    
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2024    
Document Transition Report false    
Entity File Number 001-39680    
Entity Registrant Name FULTON FINANCIAL CORP    
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code PA    
Entity Tax Identification Number 23-2195389    
Entity Address, Address Line One One Penn Square    
Entity Address, Address Line Two P. O. Box 4887    
Entity Address, City or Town Lancaster,    
Entity Address, State or Province PA    
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 17604    
City Area Code 717    
Local Phone Number 291-2411    
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes    
Entity Voluntary Filers No    
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes    
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer    
Entity Emerging Growth Company false    
Entity Small Business false    
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true    
Entity Shell Company false    
Entity Public Float     $ 3.0
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   182,199,510  
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the Definitive Proxy Statement of the Registrant for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 20, 2025 are incorporated by reference in Part III.
   
Entity Central Index Key 0000700564    
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2024    
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
Amendment Flag false    
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag] false    
Common Stock      
Document Information [Line Items]      
Title of 12(b) Security Common Stock, $2.50 par value    
Trading Symbol FULT    
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ    
Series A Preferred Stock      
Document Information [Line Items]      
Title of 12(b) Security Depositary Shares, Each Representing 1/40th Interest in a Share of Fixed Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A    
Trading Symbol FULTP    
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ    
v3.25.0.1
Audit Information
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Audit Information [Abstract]  
Auditor Name KPMG LLP
Auditor Location Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Auditor Firm ID 185
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
ASSETS    
Cash and due from banks $ 279,041 $ 300,343
Interest-bearing deposits with other banks 784,830 249,367
Cash and Cash Equivalents 1,063,871 549,710
FRB and FHLB stock 139,574 124,405
Loans held for sale 25,618 15,158
AFS, at estimated fair value 3,410,899 2,398,352
HTM, at amortized cost 1,395,569 1,267,922
Net loans 24,044,919 21,351,094
Less: ACL - loans (379,156) (293,404)
Loans, Net 23,665,763 21,057,690
Net premises and equipment 195,527 222,881
Accrued interest receivable 117,029 107,972
Goodwill and net intangible assets 635,458 560,687
Other assets 1,422,502 1,267,138
Total Assets 32,071,810 27,571,915
LIABILITIES    
Noninterest-bearing 5,499,760 5,314,094
Interest-bearing 20,629,673 16,223,529
Total Deposits 26,129,433 21,537,623
Federal funds purchased 0 240,000
FHLB advances 850,000 1,100,000
Senior debt and subordinated debt 367,316 535,384
Other borrowings and interest-bearing liabilities 564,732 612,142
Total Borrowings 1,782,048 2,487,526
Accrued interest payable 31,620 35,083
Other liabilities 931,384 751,544
Total Liabilities 28,874,485 24,811,776
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY    
Preferred stock, no par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, Series A, 200,000 shares issued as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, liquidation preference of $1,000 per share 192,878 192,878
Common stock, $2.50 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized, 245,946,392 shares issued as of December 31, 2024 and 225,760,963 issued as of December 31, 2023 614,866 564,402
Additional paid-in capital 1,789,214 1,552,860
Retained earnings 1,775,620 1,619,300
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (287,819) (312,280)
Treasury stock, at cost, 63,857,567 shares in 2024 and 61,959,552 shares in 2023 (887,434) (857,021)
Total Shareholders' Equity 3,197,325 2,760,139
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity $ 32,071,810 $ 27,571,915
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]    
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) 10,000,000 10,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) 200,000 200,000
Preferred stock, liquidation preference (in dollars per share) $ 1,000 $ 1,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 2.50 $ 2.50
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 600,000,000 600,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 245,946,392 225,760,963
Treasury Stock, Common, Value 63,857,567 61,959,552
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statements of Income - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
INTEREST INCOME      
Loans, including fees $ 1,394,969 $ 1,156,373 $ 758,609
Investment securities 136,650 101,518 98,115
Other interest income 50,577 15,345 8,114
Total Interest Income 1,582,196 1,273,236 864,838
INTEREST EXPENSE      
Deposits 521,859 292,205 43,829
Federal funds purchased 2,881 30,417 2,967
FHLB advances 37,793 46,965 7,334
Senior debt and subordinated debt 20,255 21,361 22,257
Other borrowings and interest-bearing liabilities 39,083 28,002 6,817
Total Interest Expense 621,871 418,950 83,204
Net Interest Income 960,325 854,286 781,634
Provision for credit losses 71,636 54,036 28,021
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses 888,689 800,250 753,613
NON-INTEREST INCOME      
Business Combination, Bargain Purchase, Gain (Loss) Recognized, Amount 36,996 0 0
Non-interest income before investment securities gains 296,014 228,411 227,157
Investment securities gains (losses), net (20,283) (733) (27)
Total Non-Interest Income 275,731 227,678 227,130
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE      
Salaries and employee benefits 432,821 377,417 356,884
Data processing and software 77,882 66,471 60,255
Net occupancy 69,359 58,019 56,195
Other outside services 60,586 47,724 37,152
FDIC insurance 23,829 25,565 12,547
Equipment 17,850 14,390 14,033
Intangible amortization 17,830 2,944 1,731
Professional fees 10,857 8,392 9,123
Marketing 8,958 9,004 6,885
Acquisition-related expenses 37,635 0 10,328
Other 62,184 69,281 68,595
Total Non-Interest Expense 819,791 679,207 633,728
Income Before Income Taxes 344,629 348,721 347,015
Income taxes 55,886 64,441 60,034
Net Income 288,743 284,280 286,981
Preferred stock dividends (10,248) (10,248) (10,248)
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders $ 278,495 $ 274,032 $ 276,733
PER SHARE:      
Net income available to common shareholders (basic) (in dollars per share) $ 1.59 $ 1.66 $ 1.69
Net income available to common shareholders (diluted) (in dollars per share) 1.57 1.64 1.67
Cash Dividends (in dollars per share) $ 0.69 $ 0.64 $ 0.66
Commercial banking      
NON-INTEREST INCOME      
Non-interest income before investment securities gains $ 84,982 $ 81,160 $ 75,779
Wealth management      
NON-INTEREST INCOME      
Non-interest income before investment securities gains 84,743 75,541 72,843
Consumer banking      
NON-INTEREST INCOME      
Non-interest income before investment securities gains 55,504 47,197 49,496
Mortgage banking      
NON-INTEREST INCOME      
Non-interest income before investment securities gains 13,943 10,388 14,204
Other      
NON-INTEREST INCOME      
Non-interest income before investment securities gains $ 19,846 $ 14,125 $ 14,835
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]      
Net Income $ 288,743 $ 284,280 $ 286,981
Unrealized gains (losses) on AFS investment securities:      
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) (22,425) 36,023 (312,169)
Reclassification adjustment for securities net change realized in net income 15,689 (567) (20)
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM 5,609 5,913 (44,483)
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on AFS Investment Securities (1,127) 41,369 (356,672)
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) 590 6,998 (62,963)
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges 18,141 19,995 6,004
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Interest Rate Derivatives Used in Cash Flow Hedges 18,731 26,993 (56,959)
Defined benefit pension plan and postretirement benefits:      
Unrecognized pension and postretirement income (cost) 7,279 4,777 644
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement income (loss) (422) 57 100
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Plans 6,857 4,834 744
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax 24,461 73,196 (412,887)
Total Comprehensive Income $ 313,204 $ 357,476 $ (125,906)
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
Total
Common Stock Issuance
Preferred Stock
Common Stock
Common Stock
Common Stock Issuance
Additional Paid-in Capital
Additional Paid-in Capital
Common Stock Issuance
Retained Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Treasury Stock, Common
Treasury Stock, Common
Common Stock Issuance
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2021 $ 2,712,680   $ 192,878 $ 559,766   $ 1,519,873   $ 1,282,383 $ 27,411 $ (869,631)  
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021     200 160,490              
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                      
Net Income 286,981             286,981      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax (412,887)               (412,887)    
Stock issued 4,330     $ 653   3,677        
Stock issued (in shares)       261              
Reissuance of treasury stock pursuant to acquisition (in shares)       6,209              
Reissuance of treasury stock pursuant to acquisition 89,713         4,547       85,166  
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases) 12,312         13,658          
Preferred stock dividend (10,248)             (10,248)      
Common stock cash dividends (108,358)             (108,358)      
Dividend reinvestment activity (in shares)       362              
Dividend reinvestment activity 5,234         85       5,149  
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases) (in shares)       277              
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases)       $ 1,092              
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases)                   (2,438)  
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2022 2,579,757   $ 192,878 $ 561,511   1,541,840   1,450,758 (385,476) (781,754)  
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022     200 167,599              
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                      
Unrecognized pension and postretirement income (cost) 644                    
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement income (loss) 100                    
Net Income 284,280             284,280      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax 73,196               73,196    
Stock issued 3,160     $ 578   2,548       34  
Stock issued (in shares)       231              
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases) 6,981         8,604          
Acquisition of treasury stock (77,056)                 (77,056)  
Acquisition of treasury stock (in shares)       (5,029)              
Preferred stock dividend (10,248)             (10,248)      
Common stock cash dividends (105,490)             (105,490)      
Dividend reinvestment activity (in shares)       408              
Dividend reinvestment activity 5,559         (132)       5,691  
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases) (in shares)       592              
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases)       $ 2,313              
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases)                   (3,936)  
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2023 2,760,139   $ 192,878 $ 564,402   1,552,860   1,619,300 (312,280) (857,021)  
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023     200 163,801              
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                      
Unrecognized pension and postretirement income (cost) 4,777                    
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement income (loss) 57                    
Net Income 288,743             288,743      
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax 24,461               24,461    
Stock issued   $ 275,412     $ 48,348   $ 227,052       $ 12
Stock issued (in shares)         19,339            
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases) 5,686         8,400          
Acquisition of treasury stock (30,348)                 (30,348)  
Acquisition of treasury stock (in shares)       (1,934)              
Preferred stock dividend (10,248)             (10,248)      
Common stock cash dividends (122,175)             (122,175)      
Dividend reinvestment activity (in shares)       322              
Dividend reinvestment activity 5,655         902       4,753  
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases) (in shares)       561              
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases)       $ 2,116              
Stock-based compensation awards (repurchases)                   (4,830)  
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2024 3,197,325   $ 192,878 $ 614,866   $ 1,789,214   $ 1,775,620 $ (287,819) $ (887,434)  
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024     200 182,089              
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]                      
Unrecognized pension and postretirement income (cost) 7,279                    
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement income (loss) $ (422)                    
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (Parentheticals) - $ / shares
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]      
Common Stock cash dividends (usd per share) $ 0.69 $ 0.64 $ 0.66
v3.25.0.1
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:      
Net Income $ 288,743 $ 284,280 $ 286,981
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Provision for credit losses 71,636 54,036 28,021
Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment 39,164 30,055 30,201
Net amortization of investment securities premiums 764 11,231 12,824
Accretion (Amortization) of Loan Discounts (38,748) 0 0
Investment securities losses, net 20,283 733 27
Gain on sales of mortgage loans held for sale (8,186) (5,094) (8,816)
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held for sale 547,691 363,406 455,607
Originations of mortgage loans held for sale (549,965) (366,206) (418,287)
Intangible amortization 17,830 2,944 1,731
Amortization of issuance costs and discounts on long-term borrowings 710 750 724
Business Combination, Bargain Purchase, Gain Recognized, Amount (36,996) 0 0
Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Property Plant Equipment (30) 0 0
Sale and Leaseback Transaction, Gain (Loss), Net (20,266) 0 0
Stock-based compensation 10,516 12,540 14,000
Net change in deferred income tax (23,187) 24,666 (117,849)
Net change in accrued salaries and benefits 19,463 (5,868) 12,826
Net change in life insurance cash surrender value (19,872) (27,664) (95,702)
Other changes, net 97,015 (16,825) 392,503
Total adjustments 127,822 78,704 307,810
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities 416,565 362,984 594,791
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:      
Proceeds from sales of AFS securities 2,300,487 213,424 196,411
Proceeds from principal repayments and maturities of AFS securities 334,405 149,211 583,444
Proceeds from principal repayments and maturities of HTM securities 56,455 59,685 109,759
Purchase of AFS securities (1,744,778) (79,053) (845,744)
Purchase of HTM securities (177,947) 0 (30,959)
Net change in FRB and FHLB stock 22,762 5,781 (72,551)
Net change in loans (149,081) (1,100,816) (1,407,289)
Net purchases of premises and equipment (42,453) (32,958) (21,246)
Settlement of bank owned life insurance 2,687 2,264 3,474
Proceeds from Sale-Leaseback Transaction 51,123 0 0
Net cash received (paid) for acquisitions 1,018,371 0 (21,811)
Net change in tax credit investments (42,699) (26,753) (29,071)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities 1,629,332 (809,215) (1,535,583)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:      
Net change in demand and savings deposits 478,593 (1,198,222) (1,198,319)
Net change in time deposits and brokered deposits 1,074 2,086,307 (257,823)
Net change in other borrowings (1,951,161) (379,431) 1,629,870
Repayments of senior debt and subordinated debt 168,778 5,000 81,496
Net proceeds from common stock 270,582 3,160 7,876
Dividends paid (131,698) (115,738) (116,009)
Acquisition of treasury stock (30,348) (77,056) 0
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities (1,531,736) 314,020 (15,901)
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents 514,161 (132,211) (956,693)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year 549,710 681,921 1,638,614
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Year 1,063,871 549,710 681,921
Cash paid during period for:      
Interest 658,778 394,052 80,019
Income taxes 29,116 25,319 32,669
Supplemental schedule of certain noncash activities      
Transfer of AFS securities to HTM securities 0 0 479,008
Noncash or Part Noncash Acquisition, Fair Value of Tangible Assets Acquired 4,707,290 0 0
Noncash or Part Noncash Acquisition, Intangible Assets Acquired 92,600 0 0
Noncash or Part Noncash Acquisition, Value of Liabilities Assumed 5,561,979 0 0
Noncash or Part Noncash Acquisition, Purchase Credit Deteriorated Loans, Credit Discount $ 54,631 $ 0 $ 0
v3.25.0.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Business: The Corporation is a financial holding company that provides a full range of banking and financial services to businesses and consumers through its wholly-owned banking subsidiary, Fulton Bank. In addition, the Parent Company owns the following non-bank subsidiaries: Fulton Financial Realty Company, Central Pennsylvania Financial Corp., FFC Penn Square, Inc., Fulton Insurance Services Group, Inc. and Fulton Community Partner, LLC. Collectively, the Parent Company and its subsidiaries are referred to as the Corporation.

The Corporation's primary sources of revenue are interest income on loans, investment securities and other interest-earning assets and fee income earned on its products and services. Its expenses consist of interest expense on deposits and borrowed funds, provision for credit losses, other operating expenses and income taxes. The Corporation's primary competition is other financial services providers operating in its region. Competitors also include financial services providers located outside the Corporation's geographic market as a result of the growth in electronic delivery channels. The Corporation is subject to the regulations of certain federal and state agencies and undergoes periodic examinations by such regulatory agencies.

The Corporation offers, through its banking subsidiary, a full range of retail and commercial banking services in Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey and Virginia.

Basis of Financial Statement Presentation: The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and include the accounts of the Parent Company and all wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosed amount of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Corporation evaluates subsequent events through the date of the filing of this report with the SEC.

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash: Cash and cash equivalents consists of cash and due from banks and interest-bearing deposits with other banks, which includes restricted cash. Restricted cash comprises cash balances required to be maintained with the FRB, based on customer transaction deposit account levels, and cash balances provided as collateral on derivative contracts and other contracts. See "Note 3 - Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents" for additional information.

FRB and FHLB Stock: The Bank is a member of the FRB and FHLB and is required by federal law to hold stock in these institutions according to predetermined formulas. These restricted investments are carried at cost on the consolidated balance sheets and are periodically evaluated for impairment.

Investments: Debt securities are classified as HTM at the time of purchase when the Corporation has both the intent and ability to hold these investments until they mature. Such debt securities are carried at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts using the effective yield method. The Corporation does not engage in trading activities; however, since the investment portfolio serves as a source of liquidity, most debt securities are classified as AFS. AFS securities are carried at estimated fair value with the related unrealized holding gains and losses reported in shareholders' equity as a component of AOCI, net of tax. Realized securities gains and losses are computed using the specific identification method and are recorded on a trade date basis.

HTM Debt Securities: Expected credit losses on HTM debt securities would be recorded in the ACL on HTM debt securities. As of December 31, 2024, no HTM debt securities required an ACL as these investments consist solely of agency-guaranteed residential mortgage-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities.

AFS Debt Securities: The Bank's AFS rated debt securities are investment grade. In evaluating credit losses on debt securities, management considers factors such as the credit quality of the investments, the credit rating of the security, and the delinquency history of the security. As of December 31, 2024, no AFS debt securities required an ACL.

Fair Value Option: The Corporation has elected to measure mortgage loans held for sale at fair value. Derivative financial instruments related to mortgage banking activities are also recorded at fair value, as detailed under the heading "Derivative Financial Instruments," below. The Corporation determines fair value for its mortgage loans held for sale based on the price that secondary market investors would pay for loans with similar characteristics, including interest rate and term, as of the date fair value is measured. Changes in fair values during the period are recorded as components of mortgage banking income on the
consolidated statements of income. Interest income earned on mortgage loans held for sale is classified in interest income on the consolidated statements of income.

Loans: Loans are stated at amortized cost, except for mortgage loans held for sale, which are carried at fair value. Interest income on loans is accrued as earned.

In general, loans are placed on non-accrual status once they become 90 days delinquent as to principal or interest. In certain cases a loan may be placed on non-accrual status prior to being 90 days delinquent if there is an indication that the borrower is having difficulty making payments, or the Corporation believes it is probable that all amounts will not be collected according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. When interest accruals are discontinued, unpaid interest previously credited to income is reversed. Non-accrual loans may be restored to accrual status when all delinquent principal and interest has been paid currently for six consecutive months or the loan is considered adequately secured and in the process of collection. The Corporation generally applies payments received on non-accruing loans to principal until such time as the principal is paid off, after which time any payments received are recognized as interest income. If the Corporation believes that all amounts outstanding on a non-accrual loan will ultimately be collected, payments received subsequent to its classification as a non-accrual loan are allocated between interest income and principal.

A loan that is 90 days delinquent may continue to accrue interest if the loan is both adequately secured and is in the process of collection. Past due status is determined based on contractual due dates for loan payments. An adequately secured loan is one that has collateral with a supported fair value that is sufficient to discharge the debt, and/or has an enforceable guarantee from a financially responsible party. A loan is considered to be in the process of collection if collection is proceeding through legal action or through other activities that are reasonably expected to result in repayment of the debt or restoration to current status in the near future.

Loans deemed to be a loss are written off through a charge against the ACL. Closed-end consumer loans are generally charged- off when they become 120 days past due (180 days for open-end consumer loans) if they are not adequately secured by real estate. All other loans are evaluated for possible charge-off when it is probable that the balance will not be collected, based on the ability of the borrower to pay and the value of the underlying collateral, if any. Principal recoveries of loans previously charged-off are recorded as increases to the ACL.

Loan Origination Fees and Costs: Loan origination fees and the related direct origination costs are deferred and amortized over the life of the loan as an adjustment to interest income using the effective yield method. For mortgage loans sold, net loan origination fees and costs are included in the gain or loss on sale of the related loan, as components of mortgage banking.

Loan Modifications: Loans are accounted for and reported as modified when, for economic or legal reasons, the Corporation grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty that it would not otherwise consider. Concessions, whether negotiated or imposed by bankruptcy, granted under a loan modification typically involve a more than insignificant deferral of scheduled loan payments, an extension of a loan's stated maturity date, a reduction in the interest rate or a forgiveness of principal.

Because the effect of most modifications made to loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the ACL, a change to the ACL is generally not recorded upon modification. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amortized cost basis of the forgiven portion of the loan is written off against the ACL.

Allowance for Credit Losses:

The Corporation follows ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (ASC Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The measurement of expected credit losses under CECL is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loans and HTM debt securities. It also applies to OBS credit exposures, such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit, financial guarantees, and other similar instruments, and net investments in leases recognized by a lessor in accordance with ASC Topic 842.

The Corporation has elected to exclude accrued interest receivable from the measurement of its ACL. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, any outstanding accrued interest is reversed against interest income.

The ACL consists of loans evaluated collectively and individually for expected credit losses. The ACL represents an estimate of expected credit losses over the expected life of the loans as of the balance sheet date and is recorded as a reduction to net loans. The ACL is increased or decreased (when the provision for credit losses is negative) through the provision for credit losses and increased or decreased (when recoveries of loans previously charged off exceed loans charged off) by charge-offs, net of
recoveries. The reserve for OBS credit exposures includes estimated losses on unfunded loan commitments, letters of credit and other OBS credit exposures.

Loans: The ACL is an estimate of the expected losses to be realized over the life of the loans in the portfolio. The ACL is determined for two distinct categories of loans: (i) loans evaluated collectively for expected credit losses and (ii) loans evaluated individually for expected credit losses.

Loans Evaluated Collectively: Loans evaluated collectively for expected credit losses include accruing loans and non-accrual loans where the total commitment amount is less than $1 million. In determining the ACL, the Corporation uses three inputs to model the estimate. These inputs are the PD rate which estimates the likelihood that a borrower will be unable to meet its debt obligations, the LGD rate which estimates the percentage of an asset that is lost if a borrower defaults, and the EAD balance which estimates the gross exposure under a facility upon default. The PD models were developed based on historical default data. Both internal and external variables are evaluated in the process. The main internal variables are risk rating or delinquency history and indicators of default. The external variables are economic variables obtained from third-party forecasts.

The PD models are transition matrix models that utilize historical credit observations and incorporate economic forecasts to project future default rates using a linear regression methodology for each loan segment. The LGD model uses a vintage loss approach that estimates LGD rates based on the bank’s historical loss experience for each loan segment. The EAD incorporates a prepayment rate and applies the PD rates to estimate the projected exposure at default across the life of each loan. The ACL is calculated by applying the LGD to the EAD at each period across the life of each loan.

The ACL incorporates the Corporation’s historical credit observations, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that are based on the projected performance of specific economic variables that are statistically correlated with historical PD rates. The reasonable and supportable forecast extends to 24 months and reverts back to an average PD rate using a straight-line reversion methodology over a 12 month period.

The ACL is highly sensitive to the economic forecasts used to develop the reserve. As such, the calculation of the ACL is inherently subjective and requires management to exercise judgment.

The ACL may include qualitative adjustments intended to capture the impact of uncertainties not reflected in the quantitative models. In determining qualitative adjustments, management considers changes in national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and their impact on the lending environment, including underwriting standards and other factors affecting credit losses over the remaining life of each loan.

Loans Evaluated Individually: Loans evaluated individually for expected credit losses include loans on non-accrual status where the commitment amount equals or exceeds $1.0 million. The required ACL for such loans is determined using the present value of expected future cash flows, observable market price or the fair value of collateral.

Loans evaluated individually may have specific allocations of the ACL assigned if the measured value of the loan using one of the noted techniques is less than its current carrying value. For loans measured using the fair value of collateral, if the analysis determines that sufficient collateral value would be available for repayment of the debt, then no allocations would be assigned to those loans. Collateral could be in the form of real estate or business assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory, in the case of commercial and industrial loans. Commercial and industrial loans may also be secured by real estate.

For loans secured by real estate, estimated fair values are determined primarily through appraisals performed by third-party appraisers, discounted to arrive at expected net sale proceeds. For collateral-dependent loans, estimated real estate fair values are also net of estimated selling costs. When a real estate secured loan is impaired, a decision is made regarding whether an updated appraisal of the real estate is necessary. This decision is based on various considerations, including: the age of the most recent appraisal; the loan-to-value ratio based on the original appraisal; the condition of the property; the Corporation's experience and knowledge of the real estate market; the purpose of the loan; market factors; payment status; the strength of any guarantors; and the existence and age of other indications of value such as broker price opinions, among others. The Corporation generally obtains updated appraisals performed by third-party appraisers for impaired loans secured predominantly by real estate every 12 months.

When updated appraisals are not obtained for loans secured by real estate, fair values are estimated based on the original appraisal values, as long as the original appraisal indicated an acceptable loan-to-value position and there has not been a significant deterioration in the collateral value since the original appraisal was performed.
For loans with principal balances greater than or equal to $1.0 million secured by non-real estate collateral, such as accounts receivable or inventory, estimated fair values are determined based on borrower financial statements, inventory listings, accounts receivable agings or borrowing base certificates provided by the borrower. Indications of value from these sources are generally discounted based on the age of the financial information or the quality of the assets. Liquidation or collection discounts are applied to these assets based upon existing loan evaluation policies.

Management regularly reviews loans in the portfolio to assess credit quality indicators and to determine appropriate loan classification. For commercial loans, commercial mortgages and construction loans to commercial borrowers, an internal risk rating process is used. The Corporation believes that internal risk ratings are the most relevant credit quality indicator for these types of loans. The migration of loans through the various internal risk rating categories is a significant component of the ACL methodology for these loans, which bases the PD on this migration. Assigning risk ratings involves judgment. Risk ratings may be changed based on ongoing monitoring procedures, or if specific loan review assessments identify a deterioration or an improvement in the loan.

The following is a summary of the Corporation's internal risk rating categories:

Pass: These loans do not currently pose undue credit risk and can range from the highest to average quality, depending on the degree of potential risk.
Special Mention: These loans have a heightened credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a classification of Substandard. Loans in this category are currently acceptable but, are nevertheless potentially weak.
Substandard or Lower: These loans are inadequately protected by current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower. There exists a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the normal repayment of the debt.

The Corporation considers risk factors such as: local and national economic conditions; trends in delinquencies and non-accrual loans; the diversity of borrower industry types; and the composition of the portfolio by loan type.

OBS Credit Exposures: The reserve for OBS credit exposures is recorded in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, and represents management's estimate of expected losses in its unfunded loan commitments and other OBS credit exposures. The reserve for OBS credit exposures specific to unfunded commitments is determined by estimating future draws and applying the expected loss rates on those draws. Future draws are based on historical averages of utilization rates (i.e., the likelihood of draws taken). The reserve for OBS credit exposures is increased or decreased by charges or reductions to expense, through the provision for credit losses.

Premises and Equipment: Premises and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. The provision for depreciation and amortization is generally computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, which are a maximum of 50 years for buildings and improvements, 8 years for furniture and 7 years for equipment. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life or the non-cancelable lease term.

Premises and equipment acquired in a business combination are initially recorded at fair value and subsequently carried at cost less depreciation and amortization. See "Note 6 - Premises and Equipment" for additional information.

OREO: Assets acquired in settlement of mortgage loan indebtedness are recorded as OREO and are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets, initially at the lower of the estimated fair value of the asset, less estimated selling costs, or the carrying amount of the loan. Costs to maintain the assets and subsequent gains and losses on sales are included in other non-interest expense on the consolidated statements of income.

MSRs: The estimated fair value of MSRs related to residential mortgage loans sold and serviced by the Corporation is recorded as an asset upon the sale of such loans. MSRs are amortized as a reduction to mortgage servicing income, included as a component of mortgage banking income on the consolidated statements of income, over the estimated lives of the underlying loans.

MSRs are stratified and evaluated for impairment by comparing each stratum's carrying amount to its estimated fair value. Fair values are determined through a discounted cash flows valuation completed by a third-party valuation expert. Significant inputs to the valuation include expected net servicing income, the discount rate and the expected lives of the underlying loans. Expected life is based on the contractual terms of the loans, as adjusted for prepayment projections. To the extent the amortized cost of the MSRs exceeds their estimated fair value, a valuation allowance is established through a charge against servicing income. If subsequent valuations indicate that impairment no longer exists, the valuation allowance is reduced through an increase to servicing income. See "Note 8 - Mortgage Servicing Rights" for additional information.
Derivative Financial Instruments: The Corporation manages its exposure to certain interest rate risk through the use of derivatives. Certain of the Corporation's outstanding derivative contracts are designated as hedges, and none are entered into for speculative purposes. The Corporation enters into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain of its risks, even if hedge accounting does not apply or the Corporation elects not to apply hedge accounting.

The Corporation records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Corporation has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. The Corporation does not have any derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges where hedge accounting is applied, changes in fair value are recognized in OCI, net of tax. For derivatives where hedge accounting does not apply, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings as components of non-interest income or non-interest expense on the consolidated statements of income.

Derivative contracts create counterparty credit risk with both the Corporation's customers and with institutional derivative counterparties. The Corporation manages counterparty credit risk through its credit approval processes, monitoring procedures and obtaining adequate collateral, when the Corporation determines it is appropriate to do so and in accordance with counterparty contracts.

For each of the derivatives, gross derivative assets and liabilities are recorded in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets. Related gains and losses on these derivative instruments are recorded in other changes, net on the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Mortgage Banking Derivatives

In connection with its mortgage banking activities, the Corporation enters into commitments to originate certain fixed-rate residential mortgage loans for customers, also referred to as interest rate locks. In addition, the Corporation enters into forward commitments for the future sales or purchases of mortgage-backed securities to or from third-party counterparties to hedge the effect of changes in interest rates on the values of both the interest rate locks and mortgage loans held for sale. Forward sales commitments may also be in the form of commitments to sell individual mortgage loans at a fixed price at a future date. The amount necessary to settle each interest rate lock is based on the price that secondary market investors would pay for loans with similar characteristics, including interest rate and term, as of the date fair value is measured.

Interest Rate Derivatives - Non-Designated Hedges

The Corporation enters into interest rate derivatives with certain qualifying commercial loan customers to meet their interest rate risk management needs. The Corporation simultaneously enters into interest rate derivatives with dealer counterparties, with identical notional amounts and terms. The net result of these interest rate derivatives is that the customer pays a fixed rate of interest and the Corporation receives a floating rate. As the interest rate derivatives associated with this program do not meet hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the customer derivatives and the offsetting derivatives are recognized directly in earnings.

The Corporation's existing OBS credit exposures result from participation in interest rate derivatives provided by external lenders as part of loan participation arrangements and, therefore, are not used to manage interest rate risk in the Corporation's assets or liabilities.

The Corporation is required to clear all eligible interest rate derivative contracts with a clearing agent and is subject to the regulations of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Corporation's objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to reduce volatility in net interest income and interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, the Corporation primarily uses interest rate derivatives as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. The Corporation enters into interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges to hedge the variable cash flows associated with existing floating rate loans and borrowings.
For derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, the unrealized gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in OCI, net of tax, and subsequently reclassified into interest income or interest expense in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Amounts reported in OCI related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest income or interest expense as interest payments are made on the Corporation's variable-rate loans and borrowings.

Foreign Exchange Contracts

The Corporation enters into foreign exchange contracts to accommodate the needs of its customers. Foreign exchange contracts are commitments to buy or sell foreign currency on a specific date at a contractual price. The Corporation limits its foreign exchange exposure with customers by entering into contracts with institutional counterparties to mitigate its foreign exchange risk. The Corporation also holds certain amounts of Foreign Currency Nostro Accounts. The Corporation limits the total overnight net foreign currency open positions, which is defined as an aggregate of all outstanding contracts, to $0.5 million. See "Note 11 - Derivative Financial Instruments" for additional information.

Balance Sheet Offsetting: Certain financial assets and liabilities may be eligible for offset on the consolidated balance sheets because they are subject to master netting arrangements or similar agreements. The Corporation has elected to net its financial assets and liabilities designated as cash flow hedges when offsetting is permitted. The Corporation has elected not to offset the remaining assets and liabilities subject to such arrangements on the consolidated financial statements.

The Corporation is a party to interest rate derivatives with financial institution counterparties and customers. Under these agreements, the Corporation has the right to net-settle multiple contracts with the same counterparty in the event of default on, or termination of, any one contract. Cash collateral is posted by the party with a net liability position in accordance with contract thresholds and can be used to settle the fair value of the interest rate derivatives in the event of default. A daily settlement occurs through a clearing agent for changes in the fair value of centrally cleared derivatives. Not all derivatives are required to be cleared through a daily clearing agent. As a result, the total fair values of interest rate derivative assets and derivative liabilities recognized on the consolidated balance sheets are not equal and offsetting.

The Corporation is also a party to foreign exchange contracts with financial institution counterparties under which the Corporation has the right to net-settle multiple contracts with the same counterparty in the event of default on, or termination of, any one contract. As with interest rate derivatives, cash collateral is posted by the party with a net liability position in accordance with contract thresholds and can be used to settle the fair value of the foreign exchange contracts in the event of default.

For additional information on balance sheet offsetting, see "Note 11 - Derivative Financial Instruments."

Income Taxes: The Corporation utilizes the asset and liability method in accounting for income taxes. Under this method, DTAs and deferred tax liabilities are determined based upon the difference between the values of the assets and liabilities as reflected in the financial statements and their related tax basis using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to be recovered or settled. As changes in tax law or rates are enacted, DTAs and deferred tax liabilities are adjusted through income tax expense. In assessing the realizability of DTAs, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the DTAs will not be realized. The ultimate realization of DTAs is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income and tax planning strategies which will create taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, the amount of taxes paid in available carryback years, projected future taxable income, and, if necessary, tax planning strategies in making this assessment. A valuation allowance is provided against DTAs unless it is more likely than not that such DTAs will be realized.

ASC Topic 740, "Income Taxes" creates a single model to address uncertainty in tax positions, and clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise's financial statements by prescribing the minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in an enterprise's financial statements. It also provides guidance on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. The liability for unrecognized tax benefits is included in other liabilities within the consolidated balance sheets.
See "Note 13 - Income Taxes" for additional information.

Stock-Based Compensation: The Corporation grants equity awards to employees, consisting of restricted stock, RSUs and PSUs under its Employee Equity Plan. In addition, employees may purchase stock under the Corporation's ESPP.

The Corporation also grants equity awards to non-employee members of its Board of Directors and Fulton Bank's Board of Directors under the Directors' Plan. Under the Directors' Plan, the Corporation can grant equity awards to non-employee
holding company and subsidiary bank directors in the form of restricted stock, RSUs or common stock. Recent grants of equity awards under the Directors' Plan have been limited to RSUs.

Equity awards issued under the Employee Equity Plan are generally granted annually and become fully vested over or after a three-year vesting period. The vesting period for non-performance-based awards represents the period during which employees are required to provide service in exchange for such awards. Equity awards under the Directors' Plan are generally granted annually and fully vest after a one-year vesting period. Certain events, as defined in the Employee Equity Plan and the Directors' Plan, result in the acceleration of the vesting of equity awards. Restricted stock, RSUs and PSUs earn dividends during the vesting period, which are forfeitable if the awards do not vest.

The fair value of stock options, restricted stock and RSUs granted to employees or directors is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period for such awards. Compensation expense for PSUs is also recognized over the vesting period and service period, however, compensation expense for PSUs may vary based on the expectations for actual performance relative to defined performance measures.

The fair value of restricted stock, RSUs and a majority of PSUs are based on the trading price of the Corporation's stock on the date of grant. The fair value of certain PSUs are estimated through the use of the Monte Carlo valuation methodology as of the date of grant. See "Note 16 - Stock-Based Compensation Plans" for additional information. The Corporation has not issued stock options since 2014 and accordingly, there is no compensation expense for this instrument. All stock options have been exercised or expired during 2024.

Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information: Fulton Financial Corporation is a single segment. The Corporation's Chief Operating Decision Maker reviews consolidated results on a GAAP basis.

Financial Guarantees: Financial guarantees, which consist primarily of standby and commercial letters of credit, are accounted for by recognizing a liability equal to the fair value of the guarantees and crediting the liability to income over the term of the guarantee. Fair value is estimated based on the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements with similar terms.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets: The Corporation accounts for its acquisitions using the purchase accounting method. Purchase accounting requires that all assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including certain intangible assets that must be recognized, be recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Any purchase price exceeding the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Any purchase price lower than the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as a gain on acquisition, net of tax.

Goodwill is not amortized to expense, but is evaluated for impairment at least annually. Write-downs of the balance, if necessary as a result of the impairment test, are charged to expense in the period in which goodwill is determined to be impaired. The Corporation performs its annual assessment of goodwill impairment in the fourth quarter of each year. If certain events occur which indicate goodwill might be impaired between annual assessments, goodwill would be evaluated when such events occur.

Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated lives. Some intangible assets have indefinite lives and are, therefore, not amortized. All intangible assets must be evaluated for impairment if certain events occur. Any impairment write-downs are recognized as non-interest expense on the consolidated statements of income. See "Note 7 - Goodwill and Intangible Assets," for additional information.

VIEs: ASC Topic 810 provides guidance on when to consolidate certain VIEs in the financial statements of the Corporation. VIEs are entities in which equity investors do not have a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance activities without additional financial support from other parties. VIEs are assessed for consolidation under ASC Topic 810 when the Corporation holds variable interests in these entities. The Corporation consolidates VIEs when it is deemed to be the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is determined to be the party that has the power to make decisions that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIE and has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that in either case could potentially be significant to the VIE.

The Corporation makes investments in certain community development projects, the majority of which generate tax credits under various federal programs, including TCIs. These investments are made throughout the Corporation's market area as a means of supporting the communities it serves. The Corporation typically acts as a limited partner or member of a limited liability company in its TCIs and does not exert control over the operating or financial policies of the partnership or limited liability company. Tax credits earned are subject to recapture by federal taxing authorities based upon compliance requirements to be met at the project level.
Because the Corporation owns 100% of the equity interests in its NMTC investments, these investments were consolidated based on ASC Topic 810 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Investments in affordable housing projects were not consolidated based on management's assessment of the provisions of ASC Topic 810.

TCIs are tested for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the carrying amount of the investment will not be realized. An impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the current carrying value exceeds its aggregated remaining value of the tax benefits of the investment. There were no impairment losses recognized for the Corporation's TCIs in 2024, 2023 or 2022. For additional information, see "Note 13 - Income Taxes."

Fair Value Measurements: Assets and liabilities are categorized in a fair value hierarchy for the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value using the following three categories (from highest to lowest priority):

Level 1 - Inputs that represent quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level 2 - Inputs that represent quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, or quoted prices for identical instruments in non-active markets. Also included are valuation techniques whose inputs are derived principally from observable market data other than quoted prices, such as interest rates or other market-corroborated means.
Level 3 - Inputs that are largely unobservable, as little or no market data exists for the instrument being valued.

The Corporation has categorized all assets and liabilities required to be measured at fair value on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis into the above three levels. See "Note 19 - Fair Value Measurements" for additional information.

Revenue Recognition: The sources of revenue for the Corporation are interest income from loans, leases and investments and non-interest income. Non-interest income is earned from various banking and financial services that the Corporation offers through its subsidiaries. Revenue is recognized as earned based on contractual terms, as transactions occur, or as services are provided. Following is further detail of the various types of revenue the Corporation earns and when it is recognized:

Interest income: Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis according to loan and lease agreements, investment securities contracts or other written contracts.

Wealth management services: Consists of income from trust commissions, brokerage, money market and insurance commissions. Trust commissions consist of advisory fees that are based on market values of clients' managed portfolios and transaction fees for fiduciary services performed, both of which are recognized when earned. Brokerage income includes advisory fees which are recognized when earned on a monthly basis and transaction fees that are recognized when transactions occur. Money market income is based on the balances held in trust accounts and is recognized monthly. Insurance commissions are earned and recognized when policies are originated. Currently, no investment management and trust service income is based on performance or investment results.

Commercial and consumer banking income: Consists of cash management, overdraft and other service charges on deposit accounts as well as branch fees, ATM fees, debit and credit card income and merchant services fees. Also included are letter of credit fees, foreign exchange income and interest rate derivative fees. Revenue is primarily transactional and recognized when earned at the time the transactions occur.

Mortgage banking income: Consists of gains or losses on the sale of residential mortgage loans and mortgage loan servicing income.

Other Income: Includes gains on sales of SBA loans, cash surrender value of life insurance, and other miscellaneous income.

Leases: All leases with an initial term greater than 12 months recognize: (1) a ROU asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee's right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term; and (2) a lease liability, which is a lessee's obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, each measured on a discounted basis. The Corporation elected to not separate lease and non-lease components.

As a lessee, the majority of the operating lease portfolio consists of real estate leases for the Corporation's financial centers, land and office space. The operating leases have remaining lease terms of 1 year to 20 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for 5 years or more. ROU assets and lease liabilities are not recognized for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less.
Certain real estate leases have lease payments that adjust based on annual changes in the CPI or at a stated contractual rate. The leases that are dependent upon the CPI or stated contractual rate are initially measured using the CPI or contractual rate at the commencement date and are included in the measurement of the lease liability.

Operating lease expense represents fixed lease payments for operating leases recognized on a straight-line basis over the applicable lease term. Variable lease expense represents expenses such as the payment of real estate taxes, insurance and common area maintenance based on the Corporation's pro-rata share.

Sublease income consists mostly of operating leases for space within the Corporation's offices and financial centers and is recorded as a reduction to net occupancy expense on the consolidated statements of income. See "Note 18 - Leases" for additional information.

Defined Benefit Plan: Net periodic pension costs are funded based on the requirements of federal laws and regulations. The determination of net periodic pension costs is based on assumptions about future events that will affect the amount and timing of required benefit payments under the plan. These assumptions include demographic assumptions such as retirement age and mortality, a discount rate used to determine the current benefit obligation, form of payment election and a long-term expected rate of return on plan assets. Net periodic pension expense includes interest cost, based on the assumed discount rate, an expected return on plan assets, amortization of prior service cost or credit and amortization of net actuarial gains or losses. The Corporation curtailed the Pension Plan in 2008, with no additional benefits accruing. In connection with the Merger, the Corporation assumed the obligations of Prudential Bancorp under a multiemployer defined benefit pension plan that had previously been closed to new Prudential Bancorp participants. Net periodic pension cost is recognized in salaries and employee benefits on the consolidated statements of income. For additional information, see "Note 17 - Employee Benefit Plans."

Business Combinations: Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Under the acquisition method, identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured at fair value as of the acquisition date. The difference between the purchase price and the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill, unless the acquisition is a bargain purchase. Results of the operations of the acquired entity are included in the consolidated statement of income from the acquisition date. Acquisition costs are expensed as incurred.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In June 2022, FASB issued ASU 2022-03 Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions ("ASU 2022-03"). This update clarifies how the fair value of equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions is determined and requires additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures for equity securities with contractual sale restrictions. The Corporation adopted ASU 2022-03 on January 1, 2024, and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-01 Leases (Topic 842): Common Control Arrangements ("ASU 2023-01"). This update clarifies guidance for leases between related parties under common control. The Corporation adopted ASU 2023-01 on January 1, 2024, and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-07 Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"). This update requires public entities with reportable segments to provide additional and more detailed disclosures. The Corporation adopted ASU 2023-07 on December 15, 2024, and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In December 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-08 Intangibles Goodwill and Other - Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60): Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets ("ASU 2023-08"). This update provides guidance for crypto assets to be carried at fair value and requires additional disclosures. The Corporation will adopt ASU 2023-08 on January 1, 2025. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-08 to have an impact on its consolidated financial statements. The Corporation currently does not hold crypto assets.

In December 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures ("ASU 2023-09"). This update requires companies to disclose specific categories in the income tax rate reconciliation and requires additional information for certain reconciling items. The Corporation will adopt ASU 2023-09 on January 1, 2025. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In March 2024, FASB issued ASU 2024-01 Compensation Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards ("ASU 2024-01"). This update provides guidance for profits interest and similar awards. The Corporation will adopt ASU 2024-01 on January 1, 2025. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of ASU 2024-01 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2024, FASB issued ASU 2024-03 – Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) ("ASU 2024-03"). This update requires disaggregation of certain expenses in a note to the consolidated financial statements. The Corporation will adopt ASU 2024-03 on January 25, 2027. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of ASU 2024-03 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2024, FASB issued ASU 2024-04 – Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments ("ASU 2024-04"). This update clarifies the requirements for determining whether settlement of convertible debt should be accounted for as induced conversion. The Corporation will adopt ASU 2024-04 on January 1, 2026. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of ASU 2024-04 to have an impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the 2023 consolidated financial statements and notes have been reclassified to conform to the 2024 presentation.
v3.25.0.1
Business Combinations
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]  
Business Combinations
On the Acquisition Date, Fulton Bank acquired substantially all of the assets and assumed substantially all of the deposits and certain liabilities of Republic First Bank from the FDIC, as receiver for Republic First Bank. As part of the Republic First Transaction, the Bank acquired approximately $4.8 billion of assets of Republic First Bank and received approximately $0.8 billion of cash from the FDIC. The Bank assumed approximately $5.6 billion of total liabilities of Republic First Bank. The Bank did not enter into a loss sharing arrangement with the FDIC in connection with the Republic First Transaction.

As a result of the Republic First Transaction, the Bank enhanced its presence in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and New Jersey.

The Republic First Transaction constitutes a business combination as defined by FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations. Accordingly, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are presented at their estimated fair values as of the Acquisition Date. The determination of estimated fair values required management to make certain estimates about discount rates, future expected cash flows and market conditions at the time of the Republic First Transaction.

The Bank is awaiting conclusion of the customary final settlement process to determine whether certain assets and liabilities of Republic First Bank will be acquired by the Bank. Until the settlement process is finalized, the preliminary gain on acquisition can be updated for a period not to exceed one year following the Acquisition Date. The fair value estimates of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, provide a reasonable basis for determining the preliminary gain on acquisition. During the fourth quarter of 2024, adjustments to the estimated fair values of certain assets acquired were recorded, resulting in a decrease of $2.7 million in the preliminary gain on acquisition, net of income taxes.

The excess of the estimated fair value of net assets acquired and the cash consideration received from the FDIC over the estimated fair value of liabilities assumed was recorded as a preliminary gain on acquisition of $37.0 million, net of income taxes.
The following table summarizes the consideration transferred and the estimated fair values of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the Republic First Transaction:

Estimated Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Cash payment received from FDIC$809,920 
Assets acquired:
     Cash and due from banks208,451 
     Investment securities1,938,571 
     Loans2,495,810 
     Premises and equipment184 
     CDI92,600 
     FHLB Stock37,931 
     Accrued interest receivable16,164 
     Other assets10,179 
          Total assets 4,799,890 
Liabilities assumed:
     Deposits4,112,143 
Borrowings1,413,751 
Accrued interest payable33,444 
     Other liabilities2,641 
          Total liabilities5,561,979 
Net assets acquired:(762,089)
Gain on acquisition, before income taxes$47,831 
Gain on acquisition, net of income taxes$36,996 

In the fourth quarter of 2024, the Bank assumed 14 leases from the FDIC in accordance with the terms of the P and A Agreement. Upon assignment of the leases, the Corporation recorded at fair market value, a $13.1 million ROU asset and a corresponding $14.4 million lease liability, with the $1.3 million difference recognized as a decrease to gain on acquisition, before income taxes. Additionally, in the fourth quarter of 2024, the Bank purchased 15 premises and related property, plant and equipment in accordance with the P and A Agreement. Upon the purchase, the Corporation recorded at fair market value, $21.7 million in premises and equipment, with a corresponding reduction of $1.0 million in gain on acquisition, before income taxes.

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used to estimate the fair values of major categories of assets
acquired and liabilities assumed.

Cash and due from banks: The fair values of cash and due from banks approximate their book values.

Investment securities: The investment portfolio acquired in the Republic First Transaction, with a fair value of $1.9 billion, was sold by the Corporation shortly after the Acquisition Date. The fair value of the investment portfolio was based on the proceeds from the sale.

Loans: The Corporation recorded $2.5 billion of acquired loans that were initially recorded at their estimated fair values as of the Acquisition Date. The estimated fair value for the loans was based on a discounted cash flow methodology that considered credit loss and prepayment expectations, market interest rates and other market factors from the perspective of a market participant. Loan cash flows were generated on an individual loan basis. The PD, LGD, exposure at default and prepayment assumptions are the key factors driving credit losses that are embedded in the estimated cash flows.
The following table presents information with respect to the estimated fair value and unpaid principal balance of acquired loans at the Acquisition Date:

April 26, 2024
Unpaid Principal BalanceEstimated Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage$1,384,029 $1,234,409 
Commercial and industrial310,190 279,309 
Real-estate - residential mortgage947,144 752,331 
Real-estate - home equity90,882 84,369 
Real-estate - construction149,047 142,768 
Consumer2,638 2,624 
     Total acquired loans$2,883,930 $2,495,810 

The following table summarizes PCD Loans acquired in the Republic First Transaction as of the Acquisition Date:
April 26, 2024
(dollars in thousands)
Book balance of loans with deteriorated credit quality at acquisition$1,014,559 
Fair value of loans with deteriorated credit quality at acquisition895,588 
Fair value discount118,971 
PCD Loans credit discount(54,631)
Non-credit discount$64,340 

The Republic First Transaction resulted in the addition of $78.1 million to the ACL, including the $54.6 million identified in the table above for PCD Loans, and $23.4 million recorded through the provision for credit losses at the Acquisition Date for non-PCD Loans.

Intangible assets: The Corporation recorded $92.6 million of CDI reflected in other assets that is being amortized over seven years using the sum-of-the-years'-digits method. The estimated fair value of the CDI was determined using the cost savings approach. The cost savings approach is defined as the difference between the cost of funds of core deposits and an alternative cost of funds for those deposits. The CDI estimated fair value was determined by projecting discounted net cash flows that included assumptions related to customer attrition rates, discount rates, deposit interest rates, deposit account maintenance costs and alternative cost of funding rates.

FHLB stock: The Corporation acquired $37.9 million of FHLB stock. The estimated fair value of the FHLB stock approximated its book value.

Accrued interest receivable: The Corporation acquired $16.2 million of accrued interest receivable. The fair value of the accrued interest receivable approximated its book value.

Core deposits: Demand deposits, savings and money market deposits and time deposits (less than $250,000) were recorded at book value which approximated fair value. The Corporation recorded $92.6 million of CDI in other assets for these deposits.

Time deposits: Time deposits of $250,000 and greater were valued based on a comparison with the contractual cost of a portfolio of brokered deposits having a similar tenor. As the time deposit portfolio had a remaining average life of approximately three months, the estimated fair value of the time deposits approximated their book value and no adjustment was recorded.

Borrowings: Borrowings assumed in the Republic First Transaction, with a fair value of $1.4 billion, were repaid shortly after the Acquisition Date. The fair value of borrowings was based on the repayment amounts.
Acquisition-related expenses:

The Corporation developed a comprehensive integration plan under which it incurred direct costs that are expensed as incurred. Costs related to the Republic First Transaction are included in acquisition-related expenses in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income.

The following table details the costs identified and classified as acquisition-related expenses:

Year ended December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits$2,023 
Net occupancy10,085 
Professional fees11,439 
Charitable donationCharitable donation5,000 
Other9,088 
$37,635 

In connection with the Republic First Transaction, Fulton Bank made a $5.0 million donation to the Fulton Forward Foundation
to provide additional impact grants to nonprofit community organizations across the region that share the Bank's vision of advancing economic empowerment, particularly in underserved communities.

During the fourth quarter of 2024, the Corporation closed 13 of the Bank's financial center offices and consolidated the operations of those offices into nearby financial center offices operated by the Bank. The plan was adopted as part of the Bank's integration of the assets acquired and the deposits and certain other liabilities assumed in the Republic First Transaction. The premises and equipment of the 13 locations included five locations owned by the Bank and eight locations leased by the Bank. The Corporation recorded pre-tax costs of approximately $9.8 million reflected in acquisition-related expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2024, consisting of write-offs of premises and equipment and related expenses, and lease termination charges.

Unaudited Pro Forma Information:

The amount of net interest income, non-interest income, non-interest expense and net income of $111.4 million, $44.7 million, $71.9 million and $50.5 million, respectively, attributable to the Republic First Transaction were included in the Corporation's Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2024. Included in non-interest income above is $37.0 million related to the gain on acquisition, net of tax. Net interest income, non-interest income, non-interest expense and net income shown above reflect management's best estimates based on information available.

Republic First Bank does not have historical financial information that the Corporation could base pro forma information. Additionally, the Bank did not acquire all of the assets or assume all of the liabilities of Republic First Bank. Therefore, it is impracticable to provide pro forma information on revenues and earnings for the Republic First Transaction in accordance with ASC 805-10-50-2.

Prudential Bancorp, Inc
On July 1, 2022, the Corporation completed its acquisition of Prudential Bancorp, a Pennsylvania chartered bank holding company headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that primarily served the Greater Philadelphia region. On that date, the Corporation acquired 100% of the outstanding common stock of Prudential Bancorp. As of July 1, 2022, Prudential Bancorp had approximately $930.6 million in assets, $554.1 million in loans and $532.2 million in deposits after purchase accounting adjustments. The common shareholders of Prudential received 0.7974 shares of Fulton Financial common stock and $3.65 cash for each Prudential Bancorp share they owned prior to the Merger. The total consideration for the Merger was $119.1 million consisting of approximately 6,208,516 shares of the Corporation's common stock and $29.3 million in cash.
v3.25.0.1
Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Cash and Due from Banks [Abstract]  
Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents
NOTE 3 - RESTRICTIONS ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash collateral is posted by the Corporation with counterparties to secure derivatives and other contracts, which is included in "interest-bearing deposits with other banks" on the consolidated balance sheets. The amounts of such collateral as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $4.0 million and $17.4 million, respectively.
v3.25.0.1
Investment Securities
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investment Securities
NOTE 4 - INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The following tables present the amortized cost and estimated fair values of investment securities, as of December 31:

Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair
Value
 (dollars in thousands)
2024
Available for Sale
State and municipal securities$960,227 $106 $(145,446)$814,887 
Corporate debt securities313,681 1,123 (14,434)300,370 
Collateralized mortgage obligations798,157 4,629 (13,901)788,885 
Residential mortgage-backed securities1,029,846 30 (40,001)989,875 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities617,605  (100,723)516,882 
Total$3,719,516 $5,888 $(314,505)$3,410,899 
Held to Maturity
Residential mortgage-backed securities$537,856 $2 $(60,162)$477,696 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities857,713  (151,960)705,753 
Total $1,395,569 $2 $(212,122)$1,183,449 
2023
Available for Sale
U.S. Government securities$42,475 $— $(314)$42,161 
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities1,038 — (28)1,010 
State and municipal securities1,200,571 1,089 (129,647)1,072,013 
Corporate debt securities480,714 473 (40,636)440,551 
Collateralized mortgage obligations122,824 — (11,390)111,434 
Residential mortgage-backed securities223,273 (26,485)196,795 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities627,364 — (92,976)534,388 
   Total$2,698,259 $1,569 $(301,476)$2,398,352 
Held to Maturity
Residential mortgage-backed securities$407,075 $— $(51,805)$355,270 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities860,847 — (143,910)716,937 
Total $1,267,922 $— $(195,715)$1,072,207 

In May 2024, the Corporation sold $345.7 million of AFS securities and recorded a pre-tax loss of $20.3 million. The proceeds from the sale were reinvested into higher-yielding securities of a similar type and similar duration.

Securities carried at $0.3 billion and $0.4 billion at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, were pledged as collateral to secure public and trust deposits.
The amortized cost and estimated fair values of debt securities as of December 31, 2024, by contractual maturity, are shown in the following table. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or borrowers may have the right to prepay with or without call or prepayment penalties.
Available for SaleHeld to Maturity
 Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair Value
Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Due in one year or less$15,672 $15,532 $— $— 
Due from one year to five years106,119 102,912 — — 
Due from five years to ten years309,940 294,656 — — 
Due after ten years842,177 702,157 — — 
1,273,908 1,115,257 — — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities(1)
1,029,846 989,875 537,856 477,696 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities(1)
617,605 516,882 857,713 705,753 
Collateralized mortgage obligations(1)
798,157 788,885 — — 
Total$3,719,516 $3,410,899 $1,395,569 $1,183,449 
(1) Maturities for mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are dependent upon the interest rate environment and prepayments on the underlying loans.

The following table presents information related to gross gains and losses on the sales of securities for the years presented:
Gross Realized GainsGross Realized LossesNet Gains (Losses)
 (dollars in thousands)
2024$179 $(20,462)$(20,283)
2023283 (1,016)(733)
20221,587 (1,614)(27)
The following tables present the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair values of investments aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of December 31:

Less than 12 months12 Months or LongerTotal
Number of SecuritiesEstimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Number of SecuritiesEstimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
2024(dollars in thousands)
Available for Sale
State and municipal securities22 $53,026 $(1,692)272 $755,310 $(143,754)$808,336 $(145,446)
Corporate debt securities1 4,844 (13)47 264,099 (14,421)268,943 (14,434)
Collateralized mortgage obligations12 288,871 (3,463)77 85,485 (10,438)374,356 (13,901)
Residential mortgage-backed securities42 777,695 (9,178)69 174,284 (30,823)951,979 (40,001)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities1 19,291 (875)135 497,591 (99,848)516,882 (100,723)
Total available for sale78 $1,143,727 $(15,221)600 $1,776,769 $(299,284)$2,920,496 $(314,505)
Held to Maturity
Residential mortgage-backed securities7 $155,726 $(1,754)120 $303,220 $(58,408)$458,946 $(60,162)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities   60 705,753 (151,960)705,753 (151,960)
Total held to maturity7 $155,726 $(1,754)180 $1,008,973 $(210,368)$1,164,699 $(212,122)


Less than 12 months12 Months or LongerTotal
Number of SecuritiesEstimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Number of SecuritiesEstimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
2023(dollars in thousands)
Available for Sale
U.S. Government Securities— $— $— $42,161 $(314)$42,161 $(314)
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities— — — 1,010 (28)1,010 (28)
State and municipal securities40 76,155 (858)314 917,274 (128,789)993,429 (129,647)
Corporate debt securities42,945 (1,326)60 370,523 (39,310)413,468 (40,636)
Collateralized mortgage obligations— — — 93 111,434 (11,390)111,434 (11,390)
Residential mortgage-backed securities409 (3)69 195,453 (26,482)195,862 (26,485)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities26,907 (1,053)133 507,481 (91,923)534,388 (92,976)
Total available for sale56 $146,416 $(3,240)671 $2,145,336 $(298,236)$2,291,752 $(301,476)
Held to maturity
Residential mortgage-backed securities— $— $— 120 $355,270 $(51,805)$355,270 $(51,805)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities— — — 60 716,937 (143,910)716,937 (143,910)
Total held to maturity— $— $— 180 $1,072,207 $(195,715)$1,072,207 $(195,715)


The Corporation's collateralized mortgage obligations, residential mortgage-backed securities and commercial mortgage-backed securities have contractual terms that generally do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. The change in fair value of these securities is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality. The Corporation does not have the intent to sell, and does not believe it will more likely than not be required to sell, any of these securities prior to a recovery of their fair value to amortized cost. In addition, these securities have principal payments that are guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored agencies. Therefore, the Corporation does not have an ACL for these investments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, no ACL was required for the Corporation's state and municipal securities. The Corporation does not have the intent to sell and does not believe it will more likely than not be required to sell any of these securities prior to a recovery of their fair value to amortized cost, which may be at maturity. Therefore, the Corporation did not record a loss on these investments as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The majority of the corporate debt securities were rated at or above investment grade as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Based on the payment status, rating and management's evaluation of these securities, no ACL was required for corporate debt securities as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The Corporation does not have the intent to sell and does not believe it will more likely than not to be required to sell any of these securities prior to a recovery of their fair value to
amortized cost, which may be at maturity. Therefore, the Corporation did not record a loss on these investments as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Financing Receivables
NOTE 5 - LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
Loans and leases, net of unearned income

Loans and leases, net of unearned income are summarized as follows as of December 31:
20242023
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage$9,601,858 $8,127,728 
Commercial and industrial(1)
4,605,589 4,545,552 
Real-estate - residential mortgage6,349,643 5,325,923 
Real-estate - home equity1,160,616 1,047,184 
Real-estate - construction1,394,899 1,239,075 
Consumer616,856 729,318 
Leases and other loans(2)
315,458 336,314 
Net loans$24,044,919 $21,351,094 
(1) Includes no unearned income for December 31, 2024 and $41.0 thousand at December 31, 2023.
(2) Includes unearned income of $35.6 million and $38.0 million at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The Corporation has extended credit to officers and directors of the Corporation and to their associates. These related-party loans are made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with unrelated persons and do not involve more than the normal risk of collection or present other unfavorable features. The aggregate dollar amount of these loans, including unadvanced commitments, was $166.2 million and $162.5 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. During 2024, additions totaled $9.1 million and repayments totaled $5.4 million for related-party loans.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The following table summarizes the ACL - loans balance and the reserve for OBS credit exposures balance as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:

20242023
(dollars in thousands)
ACL - loans $379,156 $293,404 
Reserve for OBS credit exposures(1)
$14,161 $17,254 
(1) Included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following table presents the activity in the ACL for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period$293,404 $269,366 $249,001 
CECL Day 1 Provision(1)
23,444 — 7,954 
Initial PCD allowance for credit losses54,631 — 1,135 
Loans charged off(54,429)(39,201)(21,472)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off9,984 10,129 14,092 
Net loans (charged off) recovered(44,445)(29,072)(7,380)
Provision for credit losses(1) (2)
52,122 53,110 18,656 
Balance at end of period$379,156 $293,404 $269,366 
Provision for OBS credit exposures(1)
$(3,930)$926 $1,411 
Reserve for OBS credit exposures$14,161 $17,254 $16,328 
(1) The sum of these amounts are reflected in the provision for credit losses in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(2) Provision only includes the portion related to net loans.


The following table presents the activity in the ACL by portfolio segment:
Real Estate -
Commercial
Mortgage
Commercial and IndustrialReal Estate -
Residential
Mortgage
Consumer and Real Estate -
Home
Equity
Real Estate -
Construction
Leases and other loansTotal
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2022$69,456 $70,116 $83,250 $26,429 $10,743 $9,372 $269,366 
Loans charged off(17,999)(9,246)(62)(7,514)— (4,380)(39,201)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off1,076 3,473 421 3,198 858 1,103 10,129 
Net loans (charged off) recovered(16,923)(5,773)359 (4,316)858 (3,277)(29,072)
Provision for loan losses(1)(2)
60,032 9,923 (10,323)(4,509)694 (2,707)53,110 
Balance at December 31, 2023112,565 74,266 73,286 17,604 12,295 3,388 293,404 
CECL Day 1 Provision(1)
6,648 1,121 14,920 445 310  23,444 
Initial PCD allowance for credit losses41,559 10,463 565 357 1,687  54,631 
Loans charged off(13,186)(26,585)(1,472)(8,490) (4,696)(54,429)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off603 4,440 472 3,357 382 730 9,984 
Net loans (charged off) recovered(12,583)(22,145)(1,000)(5,133)382 (3,966)(44,445)
Provision for loan losses(1)(2)
9,992 28,507 (6,440)6,124 10,466 3,473 52,122 
Balance at December 31, 2024$158,181 $92,212 $81,331 $19,397 $25,140 $2,895 $379,156 
(1) These amounts are reflected in the provision for credit loss in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(2) Provision included in the table only includes the portion related to net loans.

The ACL may include qualitative adjustments intended to capture the impact of uncertainties not reflected in the quantitative models. In determining qualitative adjustments, management considers changes in national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and their impact on the lending environment, including underwriting standards and other factors affecting credit losses over the remaining life of each loan.

The increase in ACL in 2024 was largely due to loans acquired in the Republic First Transaction. The increase in ACL in 2023 was primarily due to loan growth, changes to the macroeconomic outlook, net charge-offs and risk migration.
Collateral-Dependent Loans

A loan or a lease is considered to be collateral-dependent when the debtor is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral. For all classes of loans and leases deemed collateral-dependent, the Corporation elected the practical expedient to estimate expected credit losses based on the collateral’s fair value less costs to sell. Substantially all of the collateral supporting collateral-dependent loans or leases consists of various types of real estate, including residential properties, commercial properties, such as retail centers, office buildings, and lodging, agricultural land, and vacant land. Commercial and industrial loans may also be secured by real estate.
All loans individually evaluated for impairment are measured for losses on a quarterly basis. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, substantially all of the Corporation's individually evaluated loans with total commitments greater than or equal to $1.0 million were measured based on the estimated fair value of each loan's collateral, if any.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, approximately 90% and 78%, respectively, of loans evaluated individually for impairment with principal balances greater than or equal to $1.0 million, whose primary collateral consisted of real estate, were measured at estimated fair value using appraisals performed by state certified third-party appraisers that had been updated in the preceding 12 months.

Non-accrual Loans

The following table presents total non-accrual loans, by class segment:

20242023
With a Related AllowanceWithout a Related AllowanceTotalWith a Related AllowanceWithout a Related AllowanceTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage$31,654 $67,843 $99,497 $23,338 $21,467 $44,805 
Commercial and industrial17,011 25,206 42,217 12,410 27,542 39,952 
Real estate - residential mortgage23,387 2,013 25,400 18,806 2,018 20,824 
Real estate - home equity8,513 78 8,591 4,649 104 4,753 
Real estate - construction1,746  1,746 341 1,000 1,341 
Consumer8  8 52 — 52 
Leases and other loans1,801 10,033 11,834 9,255 638 9,893 
Total$84,120 $105,173 $189,293 $68,851 $52,769 $121,620 

As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were $105.2 million and $52.8 million, respectively, of non-accrual loans that did not have a specific valuation allowance within the ACL. The estimated fair values of the collateral securing these loans exceeded their carrying amount, or the loans were previously charged down to realizable collateral values. Accordingly, no specific valuation allowance was considered to be necessary. The amount of interest income on non-accrual loans that was recognized was approximately $1.0 million in 2024 and $1.5 million in 2023.

Asset Quality

Maintaining an appropriate ACL is dependent on various factors, including the ability to identify potential problem loans in a timely manner. For commercial construction loans, commercial and industrial loans, and commercial real estate loans, an internal risk rating process is used. The Corporation believes that internal risk ratings are the most relevant credit quality indicator for these types of loans. The migration of loans through the various internal risk categories is a significant component of the ACL methodology for these loans, which bases the PD on this migration. Assigning risk ratings involves judgment. The Corporation's loan review officers provide a separate assessment of risk rating accuracy. Risk ratings may be changed based on the ongoing monitoring procedures performed by loan officers or credit administration staff, or if specific loan review assessments identify a deterioration or an improvement in a loan.
The following table summarizes designated internal risk rating categories by portfolio segment and loan class, by origination year, in the current period:
December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands)
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans converted to Term Loans
AmortizedAmortized
20242023202220212020PriorCost BasisCost BasisTotal
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Pass$623,742 $898,296 $1,138,669 $1,316,000 $1,077,625 $3,414,138 $69,942 $9,646 $8,548,058 
Special Mention4,441 73,348 149,280 157,543 28,734 107,099 10,978 — 531,423 
Substandard or Lower4,831 44,665 102,952 95,617 75,097 193,922 1,380 3,913 522,377 
Total real estate - commercial mortgage633,014 1,016,309 1,390,901 1,569,160 1,181,456 3,715,159 82,300 13,559 9,601,858 
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Current period gross charge-offs— (126)(84)— — (12,950)— (26)(13,186)
Commercial and industrial
Pass435,917 486,720 512,622 261,603 268,194 684,931 1,375,201 6,346 4,031,534 
Special Mention9,928 8,333 19,931 18,888 4,844 58,632 117,940 313 238,809 
Substandard or Lower10,795 16,593 34,748 10,183 12,496 49,439 176,755 24,237 335,246 
Total commercial and industrial456,640 511,646 567,301 290,674 285,534 793,002 1,669,896 30,896 4,605,589 
Commercial and industrial
Current period gross charge-offs(612)(3,709)(2,560)(4,587)(317)(7,612)(3,553)(3,635)(26,585)
Real estate - construction(1)
Pass197,206 494,072 157,296 37,438 8,784 41,480 30,608 619 967,503 
Special Mention— 10,612 80,651 69,109 938 — — — 161,310 
Substandard or Lower— — 14,407 10,399 — 20,350 121 1,906 47,183 
Total real estate - construction197,206 504,684 252,354 116,946 9,722 61,830 30,729 2,525 1,175,996 
Real estate - construction(1)
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Total
Pass$1,256,865 $1,879,088 $1,808,587 $1,615,041 $1,354,603 $4,140,549 $1,475,751 $16,611 $13,547,095 
Special Mention14,369 92,293 249,862 245,540 34,516 165,731 128,918 313 931,542 
Substandard or Lower15,626 61,258 152,107 116,199 87,593 263,711 178,256 30,056 904,806 
Total$1,286,860 $2,032,639 $2,210,556 $1,976,780 $1,476,712 $4,569,991 $1,782,925 $46,980 $15,383,443 
(1) Excludes real estate - construction - other.


Total criticized and classified loans increased $911.4 million, or 98.5%, compared to December 31, 2023.


The increase of $454.6 million in special mention loans as of December 31, 2024 was primarily due to loans acquired in the Republic First Transaction with a balance of $350.4 million as of December 31, 2024. The increase of $456.8 million in substandard or lower loans as of December, 31, 2024 was partially due to loans acquired in the Republic First Transaction with a balance of $193.0 million as of December 31, 2024.
The following table summarizes designated internal risk rating categories by portfolio segment and loan class, by origination year, in the prior period:
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans converted to Term Loans
AmortizedAmortized
20232022202120202019PriorCost BasisCost BasisTotal
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Pass$783,673 $993,017 $1,203,852 $984,958 $721,857 $2,822,155 $59,253 $31,636 $7,600,401 
Special Mention2,767 43,904 105,185 7,862 35,289 105,786 1,760 — 302,553 
Substandard or Lower366 20,958 31,304 49,142 26,579 95,621 804 — 224,774 
Total real estate - commercial mortgage786,806 1,057,879 1,340,341 1,041,962 783,725 3,023,562 61,817 31,636 8,127,728 
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — (424)— (17,575)(17,999)
Commercial and industrial
Pass626,386 590,132 330,576 341,218 272,126 598,838 1,443,203 10,736 4,213,215 
Special Mention7,936 9,548 16,499 3,577 6,817 18,487 72,775 198 135,837 
Substandard or Lower247 25,184 4,611 3,843 18,988 31,663 105,230 6,734 196,500 
Total commercial and industrial634,569 624,864 351,686 348,638 297,931 648,988 1,621,208 17,668 4,545,552 
Commercial and industrial
Current period gross charge-offs— (299)— — — (249)(682)(8,016)(9,246)
Real estate - construction(1)
Pass322,922 258,080 261,583 37,426 9,510 34,097 13,677 — 937,295 
Special Mention— 12,622 25,898 — — — — — 38,520 
Substandard or Lower— 521 2,229 — 340 21,284 168 2,229 26,771 
Total real estate - construction322,922 271,223 289,710 37,426 9,850 55,381 13,845 2,229 1,002,586 
Real estate - construction(1)
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Total
Pass$1,732,981 $1,841,229 $1,796,011 $1,363,602 $1,003,493 $3,455,090 $1,516,133 $42,372 $12,750,911 
Special Mention10,703 66,074 147,582 11,439 42,106 124,273 74,535 198 476,910 
Substandard or Lower613 46,663 38,144 52,985 45,907 148,568 106,202 8,963 448,045 
Total$1,744,297 $1,953,966 $1,981,737 $1,428,026 $1,091,506 $3,727,931 $1,696,870 $51,533 $13,675,866 
(1) Excludes real estate - construction - other.
The Corporation considers the performance of the loan portfolio and its impact on the ACL. The Corporation does not assign internal risk ratings to smaller balance, homogeneous loans, such as home equity, residential mortgage, construction loans to individuals secured by residential real estate, consumer and other loans. For these loans, the most relevant credit quality indicator is delinquency status, and the Corporation evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan. The following tables present the amortized cost of these loans based on payment activity, by origination year, for the periods shown:
December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands)
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans converted to Term Loans
AmortizedAmortized
20242023202220212020PriorCost BasisCost BasisTotal
Real estate - residential mortgage
Performing$470,918 $728,630 $1,515,521 $1,726,991 $1,022,116 $839,566 $— $— $6,303,742 
Nonperforming87 1,358 5,118 3,232 5,523 30,583 — — 45,901 
Total real estate - residential mortgage471,005 729,988 1,520,639 1,730,223 1,027,639 870,149 — — 6,349,643 
Real estate - residential mortgage
Current period gross charge-offs— (172)(106)(12)(43)(888)— (251)(1,472)
Consumer and real estate - home equity
Performing178,722 116,370 211,647 65,412 48,201 188,442 913,920 40,384 1,763,098 
Nonperforming236 848 918 963 753 4,571 2,893 3,192 14,374 
Total consumer and real estate - home equity178,958 117,218 212,565 66,375 48,954 193,013 916,813 43,576 1,777,472 
Consumer and real estate - home equity
Current period gross charge-offs(118)(1,016)(1,552)(790)(398)(2,704)(75)(1,837)(8,490)
Leases and other loans
Performing123,991 89,006 52,724 16,894 10,830 9,996 — — 303,441 
Nonperforming— — 1,922 744 23 9,328 — — 12,017 
Total leases and other loans123,991 89,006 54,646 17,638 10,853 19,324 — — 315,458 
Leases and other loans
Current period gross charge-offs(1,977)(913)(335)(334)(192)(770)— (175)(4,696)
Construction - other
Performing138,440 61,848 15,710 1,499 — — — — 217,497 
Nonperforming— — 1,406 — — — — — 1,406 
Total construction - other138,440 61,848 17,116 1,499 — — — — 218,903 
Construction - other
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Total
Performing$912,071 $995,854 $1,795,602 $1,810,796 $1,081,147 $1,038,004 $913,920 $40,384 $8,587,778 
Nonperforming323 2,206 9,364 4,939 6,299 44,482 2,893 3,192 73,698 
Total$912,394 $998,060 $1,804,966 $1,815,735 $1,087,446 $1,082,486 $916,813 $43,576 $8,661,476 
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans converted to Term Loans
AmortizedAmortized
20232022202120202019PriorCost BasisCost BasisTotal
Real estate - residential mortgage
Performing$623,247 $1,126,656 $1,682,759 $984,050 $260,049 $607,133 $— $— $5,283,894 
Nonperforming— 1,720 4,888 4,701 6,233 24,487 — — 42,029 
Total real estate - residential mortgage623,247 1,128,376 1,687,647 988,751 266,282 631,620 — — 5,325,923 
Real estate - residential mortgage
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — — — (62)(62)
Consumer and real estate - home equity
Performing272,571 276,373 85,985 62,426 37,667 204,913 805,645 20,044 1,765,624 
Nonperforming295 455 866 282 354 5,526 1,439 1,661 10,878 
Total consumer and real estate - home equity272,866 276,828 86,851 62,708 38,021 210,439 807,084 21,705 1,776,502 
Consumer and real estate - home equity loans
Current period gross charge-offs(119)— — — — (525)(283)(6,587)(7,514)
Leases and other loans
Performing166,490 83,641 27,755 22,304 16,246 9,867 — — 326,303 
Nonperforming— 118 — — — 9,893 — — 10,011 
Total leases and other166,490 83,759 27,755 22,304 16,246 19,760 — — 336,314 
Leases and other loans
Current period gross charge-offs(471)(521)(246)(128)(82)(656)(765)(1,511)(4,380)
Construction - other
Performing127,382 93,319 13,698 555 — — — — 234,954 
Nonperforming— 1,535 — — — — — — 1,535 
Total construction - other127,382 94,854 13,698 555 — — — — 236,489 
Construction - other
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Total
Performing$1,189,690 $1,579,989 $1,810,197 $1,069,335 $313,962 $821,913 $805,645 $20,044 $7,610,775 
Nonperforming295 3,828 5,754 4,983 6,587 39,906 1,439 1,661 64,453 
Total$1,189,985 $1,583,817 $1,815,951 $1,074,318 $320,549 $861,819 $807,084 $21,705 $7,675,228 
The following table presents non-performing assets:
December 31,
2024
December 31,
2023
 (dollars in thousands)
Non-accrual loans$189,293 $121,620 
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing30,781 31,721 
Total non-performing loans220,074 153,341 
OREO(1)
2,621 896 
Total non-performing assets$222,695 $154,237 
(1) Excludes $17.5 million and $10.9 million of residential mortgage properties for which formal foreclosure proceeding were in process as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The following tables present the aging of the amortized cost basis of loans, by class segment:
30-5960-89≥ 90 Days
Days PastDays PastPast Due Non-
DueDueand AccruingAccrualCurrentTotal
(dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2024
Real estate - commercial mortgage$32,715 $16,684 $2,862 $99,497 $9,450,100 $9,601,858 
Commercial and industrial(1)
6,031 3,636 1,460 42,217 4,552,245 4,605,589 
Real estate - residential mortgage59,593 5,946 20,501 25,400 6,238,203 6,349,643 
Real estate - home equity6,778 1,057 4,758 8,591 1,139,432 1,160,616 
Real estate - construction3,549 5,163  1,746 1,384,441 1,394,899 
Consumer6,779 1,627 1,017 8 607,425 616,856 
Leases and other loans(1)
269 105 183 11,834 303,067 315,458 
Total$115,714 $34,218 $30,781 $189,293 $23,674,913 $24,044,919 
(1) Includes unearned income.
30-59 Days Past
Due
60-89
Days Past
Due
≥ 90 Days
Past Due
and
Accruing
Non-
accrual
CurrentTotal
(dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2023
Real estate - commercial mortgage$4,408 $1,341 $1,722 $44,805 $8,075,452 $8,127,728 
Commercial and industrial(1)
5,620 1,656 1,068 39,952 4,497,256 4,545,552 
Real estate - residential mortgage49,145 10,838 21,205 20,824 5,223,911 5,325,923 
Real estate - home equity8,142 2,075 5,326 4,753 1,026,888 1,047,184 
Real estate - construction4,185 451 1,535 1,341 1,231,563 1,239,075 
Consumer8,361 1,767 747 52 718,391 729,318 
Leases and other loans(1)
146 722 118 9,893 325,435 336,314 
Total$80,007 $18,850 $31,721 $121,620 $21,098,896 $21,351,094 
(1) Includes unearned income.

Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

The Corporation modifies loans by providing a concession when deemed appropriate. Depending on the circumstances, a term extension, interest rate reduction or principal forgiveness may be granted. In certain instances a combination of concessions may be provided to a borrower.
When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of principal forgiven is deemed to be uncollectible and the amortized cost basis of the loan is reduced by the amount of the forgiven portion, with a corresponding reduction to the ACL.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of the loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, disaggregated by class of financing receivable and type of concession granted:

Term Extension
20242023
Amortized Cost Basis% of Class of Financing ReceivableAmortization Cost Basis% of Class of Financing Receivable
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage$20,501 0.21 %$2,944 0.04 %
Commercial and industrial3,913 0.08 11,970 0.26 
Real estate - residential mortgage11,604 0.18 8,182 0.15 
Real estate - home equity379 0.03   
Real estate - construction595 0.04   
Total$36,992 $23,096 

Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension
20242023
Amortized Cost Basis% of Class of Financing ReceivableAmortization Cost Basis% of Class of Financing Receivable
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - residential mortgage$2,365 0.04 %$910 0.02 %
Total$2,365 $910 
The following table presents the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty:

Term Extension
Financial Effect
2024
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Added a weighted-average 1.99 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Commercial and industrial
Added a weighted-average 0.67 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Real estate - residential mortgage
Added a weighted-average 8.98 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Real estate - home equity
Added a weighted-average 14.30 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Real estate - construction
Added a weighted-average 0.67 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
2023
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Added a weighted-average 1.22 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Commercial and industrial
Added a weighted-average 0.92 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Real estate - residential mortgage
Added a weighted-average 8.10 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Interest Rate Reduction
Financial Effect
2024
Real estate - residential mortgage
Reduced weighted-average interest rate from 2.35% to 1.40%
2023
Real estate - residential mortgage
Reduced weighted-average interest rate from 3.76% to 2.30%

During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no loans modified due to financial difficulty where there was a principal balance forgiveness.

During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no loans modified due to financial difficulty that defaulted subsequent to modification.

The following table presents the performance of loans that have been modified due to financial difficulty in the previous 12 months.
30-8990+Total
Days PastPast DuePast
CurrentDueand AccruingDue
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage$16,321 $123 $— $123 
Commercial and industrial3,913    
Real estate - residential mortgage11,448 1,918 642 2,560 
Real estate - home equity379    
Real estate - construction595    
Total$32,656 $2,041 $642 $2,683 
There were no commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers with loan modifications as a result of financial difficulty as of December 31, 2024.
v3.25.0.1
Premises and Equipment
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Premises and Equipment
NOTE 6 - PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT

The following is a summary of premises and equipment as of December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Land$36,080 $39,742 
Buildings and improvements310,786 365,744 
Furniture and equipment173,778 161,244 
Construction in progress4,872 12,313 
Total premises and equipment525,516 579,043 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(329,989)(356,162)
Net premises and equipment$195,527 $222,881 

The $58.6 million decrease in land and buildings and improvements was primarily due to $73.5 million of asset disposals in the Sale-Leaseback Transaction, partially offset by $21.7 million of land and buildings and improvements purchased as part of the Republic First Transaction in the fourth quarter of 2024. The $73.5 million of premises and equipment disposals in the Sale-Leaseback Transaction included $42.5 million of related accumulated depreciation for a net disposal amount of $31.0 million.
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Servicing Rights
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]  
Mortgage Servicing Rights
NOTE 8 - MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS
The following table summarizes the changes in MSRs, which are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets, with adjustments to the carrying value included in mortgage banking income on the consolidated statements of income:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Amortized cost:
Balance at beginning of period$31,602 $34,217 $35,993 
Originations of MSRs3,758 2,475 4,067 
Amortization(4,669)(5,090)(5,843)
Balance at end of period$30,691 $31,602 $34,217 
Valuation allowance:
Balance at beginning of period$ $— $(600)
Reduction (addition) to valuation allowance — 600 
Balance at end of period$ $— $— 
Net MSRs at end of period$30,691 $31,602 $34,217 
Estimated fair value of MSRs at end of period$53,972 $49,696 $50,044 

MSRs represent the economic value of contractual rights to service mortgage loans that have been sold. The total portfolio of mortgage loans serviced by the Corporation for unrelated third parties was $4.1 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Actual and expected prepayments of the underlying mortgage loans can impact the fair value of MSRs. The Corporation accounts for MSRs at the lower of amortized cost or fair value.

The fair value of MSRs is estimated by discounting the estimated cash flows from servicing income, net of expense, over the expected life of the underlying loans at a discount rate commensurate with the risk associated with these assets. Expected life is based on the contractual terms of the loans, as adjusted for prepayment projections. The fair values of MSRs were $54.0 million, $49.7 million and $50.0 million as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Based on its fair value analysis as of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Corporation determined that no valuation allowances were required.

Total servicing income, included in mortgage banking income in the consolidated statements of income, was $10.2 million, $10.2 million and $10.6 million as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Total MSRs amortization expense, recognized as a reduction to mortgage banking income in the consolidated statements of income, was $4.7 million, $5.1 million and $5.8 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Estimated future MSRs
amortization expense, based on balances as of December 31, 2024, and the estimated remaining lives of the underlying loans, is as follows (dollars in thousands):
Year 
2025$3,509 
20263,169 
20272,856 
20282,577 
20292,331 
Thereafter16,249 
Total estimated amortization expense$30,691 
v3.25.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
NOTE 7 - GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill totaled $553.3 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There were no goodwill impairment charges in 2024 based on the annual assessment.
The estimated fair values of the Corporation's reporting units are subject to uncertainty, including future changes in fair values of banks in general and future operating results of reporting units, which could differ significantly from the assumptions used in the current valuation of reporting units.
The following table summarizes intangible assets, which are included in goodwill and net intangible assets on the consolidated balance sheets:
December 31,
20242023
(dollars in thousands)
Amortizing intangible assets$106,196 $13,596 
Accumulated amortization(24,085)(6,255)
Net intangibles$82,111 $7,341 
Net intangibles included CDI of $80.2 million and $4.9 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The CDI was recorded as part of the Republic First Transaction and the Merger and is being amortized over seven years using the sum-of-the-years' digits method.
The following table summarizes CDI amortization expense for each of the next five years and thereafter (dollars in thousands):
Year
2025$22,010 
202618,667 
202715,066 
202811,213 
20297,717 
Thereafter5,512 
Total$80,185 
v3.25.0.1
Deposits
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Deposits [Abstract]  
Deposits
NOTE 9 - DEPOSITS
Deposits consisted of the following as of December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest-bearing demand$5,499,760 $5,314,094 
Interest-bearing demand7,843,604 5,722,695 
Savings and money market accounts7,792,114 6,616,901 
Total demand and savings21,135,478 17,653,690 
Brokered deposits843,857 1,144,692 
Time deposits4,150,098 2,739,241 
Total Deposits$26,129,433 $21,537,623 

The scheduled maturities of time deposits as of December 31, 2024 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
Year 
2025$3,801,297 
2026242,638 
202740,071 
202810,130 
202911,908 
Thereafter44,054 
Total $4,150,098 

Included in time deposits were certificates of deposit equal to or greater than $100,000 of $2.5 billion and $1.5 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Time deposits equal or greater than $250,000 were $1.0 billion and $551.2 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Borrowings
NOTE 10 - BORROWINGS
Borrowings as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 and the related maximum amounts outstanding at the end of any month in each of the two years then ended are presented below.
 December 31Maximum Outstanding
2024202320242023
(dollars in thousands)
Federal funds purchased$ $240,000 $125,000 $862,000 
FHLB advances850,000 1,100,000 1,706,621 1,720,000 
Other borrowings:
Short-term promissory notes issued to customers and customer repurchase agreements563,831 611,304 625,829 646,439 
Other borrowings901 838 1,155 1,151 
Total other borrowings$564,732 

As of December 31, 2024, the Corporation had aggregate federal funds line borrowing capacity of $2.6 billion, with no amount outstanding. A combination of commercial real estate loans, commercial loans, consumer loans and investment securities were pledged to the FRB to provide access to the FRB discount window borrowings. The Corporation had $3.1 billion of collateralized borrowing availability at the FRB discount window with no amount outstanding as of December 31, 2024.
As of December 31, 2024, the Corporation had total FHLB borrowing capacity of $11.1 billion with $5.1 billion of advances and letters of credit outstanding, for a remaining borrowing capacity of approximately $6.0 billion. Advances from the FHLB, when utilized, are secured by qualifying commercial real estate and residential mortgage loans, investments and other assets.

The following is included in senior and subordinated debt as of December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Subordinated debt$370,000 $538,778 
Unamortized discounts and issuance costs(2,684)(3,394)
Total senior debt and subordinated debt$367,316 $535,384 

The following table summarizes the scheduled maturities of senior and subordinated debt with an original maturity of one year or more as of December 31, 2024 (dollars in thousands):

Year 
2025$— 
2026— 
2027— 
2028— 
2029— 
Thereafter370,000 
Unamortized discounts and issuance costs(2,684)
Total$367,316 

In November 2024, the Corporation retired $168.8 million of subordinated notes issued in June 2015 and November 2014 which matured on November 15, 2024. The subordinated notes issued June 2015 carried a fixed rate of 4.50% and an effective rate of 4.69% as a result of discounts and issuance costs. Interest was paid semi-annually in May and November. The subordinated notes issued November 2014, carried a fixed rate of 4.50% and an effective rate of 4.87% as a result of discounts and issuance costs. Interest was paid semi-annually in May and November.

In December 2023, the Corporation retired $5.0 million of subordinated debt with a fixed-to-floating rate of 3.25% and effective rate of 3.35% maturing in 2030.
On March 16, 2022, $65 million of senior notes with a fixed rate of 3.60% were repaid upon their maturity.

In March 2020, the Corporation issued $200.0 million and $175.0 million of subordinated notes due in 2030 and 2035, respectively. The subordinated notes maturing in 2030 were issued with a fixed-to-floating rate of 3.25% and an effective rate of 3.35%, due to issuance costs, and the subordinated notes maturing in 2035 were issued with a fixed-to-floating rate of 3.75% and an effective rate of 3.85%, due to issuance costs.
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Financial Instruments
NOTE 11 - DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The following table presents a summary of notional amounts and fair values of derivative financial instruments as of December 31:
20242023
Notional
Amount
Asset
(Liability)
Fair Value
Notional
Amount
Asset
(Liability)
Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Interest Rate Locks with Customers
Positive fair values$171,933 $389 $119,558 $460 
Negative fair values3,888 (58)1,015 (2)
Forward Commitments
Positive fair values51,250 363 — — 
Negative fair values  42,000 (854)
Interest Rate Derivatives with Customers(1)
Positive fair values767,905 8,480 824,659 22,656 
Negative fair values3,976,294 (239,058)3,784,236 (222,530)
Interest Rate Derivatives with Dealer Counterparties
Positive fair values3,976,294 150,480 3,784,236 128,235 
Negative fair values767,905 (10,734)824,659 (23,023)
Interest Rate Derivatives used in Cash Flow Hedges
Positive fair values2,500,000 227 2,500,000 6,189 
Negative fair values1,400,000 (2,971)750,000 — 
Foreign Exchange Contracts with Customers
Positive fair values28,327 1,619 4,159 40 
Negative fair values693 (27)13,353 (446)
Foreign Exchange Contracts with Correspondent Banks
Positive fair values4,059 63 15,969 532 
Negative fair values32,406 (1,569)6,112 (31)
(1) Fair values are net of a valuation allowance of $366.3 thousand as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

In the third quarter of 2023, the Corporation transitioned certain of the Corporation's legacy commercial customer back-to-back
interest rate swap transactions from LIBOR to SOFR. During 2024, the increase to other non-interest income to reflect market valuation movements from the transition from LIBOR to SOFR was $0.4 million. During 2023, the reduction to other non-interest income related to the transition from LIBOR to SOFR was $1.9 million.
The following table presents the effect of cash flow hedge accounting on AOCI:
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Included ComponentAmount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Excluded ComponentLocation of Gain (Loss) Recognized from AOCI into IncomeAmount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Included ComponentAmount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Excluded Component
(dollars in thousands)
Year ended December 31, 2024
Interest Rate Products$(10,261)$(10,261)$ Interest Income$(29,899)$(29,899)$ 
Interest Rate Products11,025 11,025  Interest Expense6,446 6,446  
Total $764 $764 $ $(23,453)$(23,453)$ 
Year ended December 31, 2023
Interest Rate Products$19,598 $19,598 $— Interest Income$(27,546)$(27,546)$— 
Interest Rate Products(10,550)(10,550)— Interest Expense1,696 1,696 — 
Total$9,048 $9,048 $— $(25,850)$(25,850)$— 

The following table presents the effect of fair value and cash flow hedge accounting on the income statement for the year ended December 31:
Consolidated Statements of Income Classification
20242023
Interest IncomeInterest ExpenseInterest IncomeInterest Expense
(dollars in thousands)
Total amounts of income line items presented in the consolidated statements of income in which the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded$(29,899)$6,446 $(27,546)$1,696 
The effects of fair value and cash flow hedging:
Amount of gain or (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships  — — 
Interest contracts:
Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI into income(29,899)6,446 (27,546)1,696 
Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI into income as a result that a forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring  — — 
Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI into income - included component(29,899)6,446 (27,546)1,696 
Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI into income - excluded component  — — 

During the next twelve months, the Corporation estimates that an additional $16.5 million will be reclassified as a decrease to interest income.
The following table presents the fair value gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments for the years ended December 31:
 Consolidated Statements of Income Classification202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Mortgage banking derivatives(1)
Mortgage banking$1,090 $(380)$(2,360)
Interest rate derivativesOther income419 (1,855)— 
Foreign exchange contractsOther income(9)81 
Net fair value gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments$1,500 $(2,228)$(2,279)
(1) Includes interest rate locks with customers and forward commitments.

Fair Value Option

The Corporation has elected to measure mortgage loans held for sale at fair value. The following table presents a summary of mortgage loans held for sale and the impact of the fair value election on the consolidated financial statements as of December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Amortized Cost (1)
$25,316 $14,792 
Fair value25,618 15,158 
(1) Cost basis of mortgage loans held for sale represents the unpaid principal balance.

Losses related to changes in fair values of mortgage loans held for sale were $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. Gains related to changes in fair values of mortgage loans held for sale were $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, and losses related to changes in fair values of mortgage loans held for sale were $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The gains and losses are recorded on the consolidated income statements as an adjustment to mortgage banking income.
Balance Sheet Offsetting

The fair values of interest rate derivative agreements and foreign exchange contracts the Corporation enters into with customers and dealer counterparties may be eligible for offset on the consolidated balance sheets if they are subject to master netting arrangements or similar agreements. The Corporation has elected to net its financial assets and liabilities designated as interest rate derivatives when offsetting is permitted. The following table presents the Corporation's financial instruments that are eligible for offset, and the effects of offsetting, on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31:
Gross AmountsGross Amounts Not Offset
Recognized on the Consolidated
on theBalance Sheets
ConsolidatedFinancialCashNet
Balance Sheets
Instruments(1)
Collateral(2)
Amount
(dollars in thousands)
2024
Interest rate derivative assets$159,187 $(12,739)$ $146,448 
Foreign exchange derivative assets with correspondent banks63 (63)  
Total $159,250 $(12,802)$ $146,448 
Interest rate derivative liabilities$252,763 $(9,995)$(94,339)$148,429 
Foreign exchange derivative liabilities with correspondent banks1,569 (63) 1,506 
Total$254,332 $(10,058)$(94,339)$149,935 
2023
Interest rate derivative assets$157,080 $(15,154)$— $141,926 
Foreign exchange derivative assets with correspondent banks532 (532)— — 
Total$157,612 $(15,686)$— $141,926 
Interest rate derivative liabilities$245,553 $(21,343)$(93,841)$130,369 
Foreign exchange derivative liabilities with correspondent banks31 (532)— (501)
Total$245,584 $(21,875)$(93,841)$129,868 

(1) For interest rate derivative assets, amounts represent any derivative liability fair values that could be offset in the event of counterparty or customer default.
For interest rate derivative liabilities, amounts represent any derivative asset fair values that could be offset in the event of counterparty or customer default.
(2) Amounts represent cash collateral received from the counterparty or posted by the Corporation on interest rate derivative transactions and foreign
exchange contracts with financial institution counterparties. Interest rate derivatives with customers are collateralized by the same collateral securing the
underlying loans to those borrowers. Cash and securities collateral amounts are included in the table only to the extent of the net derivative fair values.

Cash Flow Hedge Terminations

On October 10, 2024, the Corporation terminated interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges with a combined notional amount of $250 million. As the hedged transaction continues to be probable, the unrealized losses will be recorded in AOCI and will be recognized as an increase to interest expense when the previously forecasted hedged items affect earnings in future periods. During the year ended December 31, 2024, $0.2 million of these unrealized losses were reclassified as an increase to interest expense on borrowings on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

In January 2023, the Corporation terminated interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges with a combined notional amount of $1.0 billion. As the hedged transaction continues to be probable, the unrealized losses that have been recorded in AOCI are recognized as reduction to interest income, including fees, when the previously forecasted hedged item affects earnings in future periods. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, $27.9 million and $22.1 million, respectively, of these unrealized losses have been reclassified as a reduction of interest income on loans, including fees, on the consolidated statements of income.
v3.25.0.1
Regulatory Matters
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Regulatory Matters [Abstract]  
Regulatory Matters
NOTE 12 - REGULATORY MATTERS
Regulatory Capital Requirements

The Corporation and the Bank are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by banking regulators. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can trigger certain mandatory - and possibly additional discretionary - actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Corporation's financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of its assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank's capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.

Basel III Rules

The Basel III Rules provide a comprehensive framework and require the Corporation and the Bank to:

Meet a minimum Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.50% of risk-weighted assets and a minimum Tier 1 capital of 6.00% of risk-weighted assets;
Meet a minimum Total capital ratio of 8.00% of risk-weighted assets and a minimum Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of 4.00% of average assets;
Maintain a "capital conservation buffer" of 2.50% above the minimum risk-based capital requirements, which must be maintained to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and certain discretionary bonus payments; and
Comply with a revised definition of capital to improve the ability of regulatory capital instruments to absorb losses. Certain non-qualifying capital instruments, including cumulative preferred stock and TruPS, are excluded as a component of Tier 1 capital for institutions of the Corporation's size.

The Corporation and the Bank are required to maintain a "capital conservation buffer" of 2.50% above the minimum risk-based capital requirements. The rules provide that the failure to maintain the "capital conservation buffer" results in restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary cash bonus payments to executive officers. As a result, under the Basel III Rules, if the Bank fails to maintain the required minimum capital conservation buffer, the Corporation will be subject to limits, and possibly prohibitions, on its ability to obtain capital distributions from such subsidiaries. If the Corporation does not receive sufficient cash dividends from the Bank, it may not have sufficient funds to pay dividends on its common stock, service its debt obligations or repurchase its common stock.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Corporation's capital levels met the minimum capital requirements, including the capital conservation buffers, as prescribed in the Basel III Rules.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Bank was well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action based on its capital ratio calculation. To be categorized as well capitalized, the Bank was required to maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier I risk-based, Common Equity Tier I risk-based and Tier I leverage ratios as set forth in the table below.

There are no conditions or events since December 31, 2024, that management believes have changed the Corporation and the Bank's categories.
The following tables present the Total risk-based, Tier I risk-based, Common Equity Tier I risk-based and Tier I leverage requirements under the Basel III Rules as of December 31:
2024
ActualFor Capital
Adequacy Purposes
Well Capitalized
  AmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatio
 (dollars in thousands)
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$3,544,021 14.3 %$1,986,754 8.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A.3,338,891 13.5 1,976,697 8.0 $2,470,871 10.0 %
Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$2,866,143 11.5 %$1,490,065 6.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A3,029,881 12.3 1,482,523 6.0 $1,976,697 8.0 %
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$2,673,265 10.8%$1,117,549 4.5 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A2,985,881 12.1 1,111,892 4.5 $1,606,066 6.5 %
Tier I Leverage Capital (to Average Assets):
Corporation$2,866,143 9.0%$1,269,248 4.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A3,029,881 9.6 1,265,809 4.0 $1,582,261 5.0 %
N/A - Not applicable as "well capitalized" applies to banks only.

2023
ActualFor Capital
Adequacy Purposes
Well Capitalized
AmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatio
(dollars in thousands)
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$3,184,496 14.0 %$1,817,712 8.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A.2,896,908 12.8 1,809,836 8.0 $2,262,295 10.0 %
Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$2,541,819 11.2 %$1,363,284 6.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A2,620,837 11.6 1,357,377 6.0 $1,809,836 8.0 %
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$2,348,941 10.3%$1,022,463 4.5 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A2,576,837 11.4 1,018,033 4.5 $1,470,492 6.5 %
Tier I Leverage Capital (to Average Assets):
Corporation$2,541,819 9.5 %$1,072,189 4.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A2,620,837 9.6 1,089,195 4.0 $1,361,494 5.0 %
N/A - Not applicable as "well capitalized" applies to banks only.

Dividend and Loan Limitations

The dividends that may be paid by the Bank to the Parent Company are subject to certain legal and regulatory limitations. The total amount available for payment of dividends by the Bank to the Parent Company calculated using the three-year earnings test was approximately $334.4 million as of December 31, 2024 based on the Bank maintaining enough capital to be considered well capitalized under the Basel III Rules. A condition of the OCC’s approval of the Republic First Transaction requires that the Bank, for a period of two years following the Acquisition Date, request and receive a written determination of no supervisory objection from the OCC prior to declaring or paying any dividend to the Parent Company

Under current regulations, the Bank is limited in the amount it may lend to its affiliates, including the Parent Company. Loans to a single affiliate may not exceed 10%, and the aggregate of loans to all affiliates may not exceed 20% of the Bank's regulatory capital.
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
NOTE 13 - INCOME TAXES
The components of income taxes are as follows:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Current tax expense:
Federal$66,817 $49,707 $44,478 
State12,256 11,137 6,906 
Total current tax expense79,073 60,844 51,384 
Deferred tax (benefit) expense:
Federal(20,248)3,021 8,974 
State(2,939)576 (324)
Total deferred tax (benefit) expense(23,187)3,597 8,650 
Total income tax expense$55,886 $64,441 $60,034 

The differences between the effective income tax rate and the federal statutory income tax rate are as follows:
202420232022
Statutory tax rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
Tax credit investments(0.3)(1.3)(2.0)
Tax-exempt income(4.3)(4.2)(3.5)
Bargain purchase gain(2.3)— — 
Bank owned life insurance(0.9)(0.8)(0.7)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit1.9 2.6 1.2 
Executive compensation0.1 0.3 0.3 
FDIC Premium0.8 0.5 0.3 
Other, net0.2 0.4 0.7 
Effective income tax rate16.2 %18.5 %17.3 %
The net DTA recorded by the Corporation is included in other assets and consists of the following tax effects of temporary differences as of December 31:
20242023
(dollars in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Unrealized holding losses on securities$85,516 $90,671 
Allowance for credit losses90,148 71,013 
Lease liability34,921 21,570 
State loss carryforwards26,118 27,948 
Other accrued expenses16,142 11,082 
Deferred compensation11,138 10,215 
Intangible assets5,889 7,460 
Stock-based compensation5,458 5,129 
Tax credit carryforwards 4,995 
Other7,444 5,469 
Total gross deferred tax assets$282,774 $255,552 
Deferred tax liabilities:
Equipment lease financing45,644 47,345 
Right-of-use-asset31,960 20,022 
Acquisition premiums/discounts16,360 5,508 
MSRs6,952 7,158 
Postretirement and defined benefit plans5,560 3,438 
Tax credit investments2,033 1,747 
Premises and equipment736 1,678 
Total gross deferred tax liabilities$109,245 $86,896 
Net deferred tax asset, before valuation allowance173,529 168,656 
Valuation allowance(26,118)(27,948)
Net deferred tax asset$147,411 $140,708 

In assessing the realizability of DTAs, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some or all of the DTAs will not be realized. The ultimate realization of DTAs is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income and/or capital gain income during periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies, such as those that may be implemented to generate capital gains, in making this assessment.

The valuation allowance relates to state net operating loss carryforwards for which realizability is uncertain. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Corporation had state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $389.3 million and $354.1 million, respectively, which are available to offset future state taxable income, and expire at various dates through 2044.

As of December 31, 2024, based on the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the DTAs are deductible, management believes it is more likely than not that the Corporation will realize the benefits of its DTAs, net of the valuation allowance.

Uncertain Tax Positions
The following table summarizes the changes in unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of year$1,044 $1,228 $1,673 
Current period tax positions120 147 112 
Lapse of statute of limitations(104)(331)(557)
Balance at end of year$1,060 $1,044 $1,228 
Virtually all of the Corporation's unrecognized tax benefits are for positions that are taken on an annual basis on state tax returns. Increases to unrecognized tax benefits will occur as a result of accruing for the nonrecognition of the position for the current year.

Decreases will occur as a result of the lapsing of the statute of limitations for the oldest outstanding year which includes the position. These offsetting increases and decreases are likely to continue in the future, including over the next twelve months. While the net effect on total unrecognized tax benefits during this period cannot be reasonably estimated, approximately $82 thousand is expected to reverse in 2025 due to lapsing of the statute of limitations. Decreases can also occur throughout the settlement of positions with taxing authorities.

As of December 31, 2024, if recognized, all of the Corporation's unrecognized tax benefits would impact the effective tax rate. Not included in the table above is $134 thousand of federal income tax benefit on unrecognized state tax benefits which, if recognized, would also impact the effective tax rate. Interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits is recorded as a component of income tax expense. Penalties, if incurred, would also be recognized in income tax expense. The Corporation recognized approximately $168 thousand and $138 thousand of recoveries in 2024 and 2023, respectively, for interest and penalties in income tax expense related to unrecognized tax positions. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, total accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax positions were approximately $177 thousand and $0.3 million, respectively.

The Corporation files income tax returns in the federal and various state jurisdictions. In most cases, unrecognized tax benefits are related to tax years that remain subject to examination by the relevant taxing authorities. With few exceptions, the Corporation is no longer subject to federal, state and local examinations by tax authorities for years before 2021.

Tax Credit Investments

The TCIs are included in other assets, with any unfunded equity commitments recorded in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and changes are reflected in change in tax credit investments in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

In 2023, the Corporation adopted ASU 2023-02, which allows all TCIs to qualify for the proportional amortization method if: (1) it is probable that the income tax credits allocatable to the Corporation will be available; (2) the Corporation does not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the underlying project; (3) substantially all of the projected benefits are from income tax credits and other income tax benefits; (4) the Corporation's projected yield based solely on the cash flows from the income tax credits and other income tax benefits is positive; and (5) the Corporation is a limited liability investor in the limited liability entity for both legal and tax purposes, and the Corporation’s liability is limited to its capital investment. See "Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

All TCIs held as of December 31, 2024 that qualify for the proportional amortization method are amortized over the period the Corporation expects to receive the tax credits, with the expense included within income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Income and net income in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

All TCIs are evaluated for impairment at the end of each reporting period. There were no impairments recorded against TCIs during 2024.

The following table presents the balances of the Corporation's TCIs and related unfunded commitments as of December 31:
20242023
Included in other assets:(dollars in thousands)
Affordable housing tax credit investments, net$211,572 $170,115 
Other tax credit investments, net29,649 35,907 
Total TCIs, net$241,221 $206,022 
Included in other liabilities:
Unfunded affordable housing tax credit commitments$84,572 $58,312 
Other tax credit liabilities24,109 28,361 
Total unfunded tax credit commitments and liabilities$108,681 $86,673 


The following table presents other information relating to the Corporation's TCIs for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
(dollars in thousands)
Components of income taxes:
Tax credits and benefits$(26,762)$(28,748)$(27,154)
Amortization of tax credits and benefits, net of tax benefits25,069 23,446 19,298 
Deferred tax expense559 610 766 
Total reduction in income tax expense$(1,134)$(4,692)$(7,090)
Amortization of TCIs:
Total amortization of TCIs$ $— $2,783 
v3.25.0.1
Net Income Per Common Share
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Net Income Per Common Share
NOTE 14 - NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
Basic net income per common share is calculated as net income available to common shareholders divided by the weighted average number of shares outstanding.

Diluted net income per common share is calculated as net income available to common shareholders divided by the weighted average number of shares outstanding plus the incremental number of shares added as a result of converting common stock equivalents, calculated using the treasury stock method. The Corporation's common stock equivalents consist of outstanding restricted stock, RSUs and PSUs. PSUs are required to be included in weighted average diluted shares outstanding if performance measures, as defined in each PSU award agreement, are met as of the end of the period.

A reconciliation of weighted average common shares outstanding used to calculate basic and diluted net income per share follows:
202420232022
 (in thousands)
Weighted average common shares outstanding (basic)175,523 165,241 164,119 
Impact of common stock equivalents1,700 1,528 1,353 
Weighted average common shares outstanding (diluted)177,223 166,769 165,472 
v3.25.0.1
Shareholders' Equity
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Abstract]  
Stockholders' Equity
NOTE 15 - SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred Stock

On October 29, 2020, the Corporation issued 8.0 million depositary shares ("Depositary Shares"), each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of the Corporation's 5.125% Fixed Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, of which 200,000 are authorized and issued, with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share (equivalent to $25.00 per Depositary Share), for an aggregate offering amount of $200 million. The preferred stock is redeemable, at the Corporation's option, in whole or in part, on and after January 15, 2026, and redeemable in whole, but not in part, prior to January 15, 2026 within 90 days following the occurrence of a regulatory capital treatment event.

Common Stock Offering

On May 1, 2024, the Corporation completed its underwritten public offering of 19,166,667 shares of its common stock at a price to the public of $15.00 per share, before underwriting discounts. The net proceeds to the Corporation from the offering after deducting underwriting discounts and transaction expenses were approximately $272.6 million.

Stock Reissuance

On July 1, 2022, the Corporation reissued 6,208,516 shares of common stock that had been held as Treasury stock in connection with the Merger.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table presents the components of OCI for the years ended December 31: 
Before-Tax AmountTax EffectNet of Tax Amount
(dollars in thousands)
2024
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities$(28,993)$6,568 $(22,425)
Reclassification adjustment for securities gains (losses) included in net income(1)
20,283 (4,594)15,689 
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS transferred to HTM(2)
7,251 (1,642)5,609 
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges764 (174)590 
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges23,453 (5,312)18,141 
Unrecognized pension and postretirement income9,411 (2,132)7,279 
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement items(3)
(541)119 (422)
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)$31,628 $(7,167)$24,461 
2023
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities$46,572 $(10,549)$36,023 
Reclassification adjustment for securities gains (losses) included in net income(1)
(733)166 (567)
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS transferred to HTM(2)
7,644 (1,731)5,913 
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges9,048 (2,050)6,998 
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges25,850 (5,855)19,995 
Unrecognized pension and postretirement income 6,162 (1,385)4,777 
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement items(3)
73 (16)57 
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)$94,616 $(21,420)$73,196 
2022
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities$(403,606)$91,437 $(312,169)
Reclassification adjustment for securities gains (losses) included in net income(1)
(27)(20)
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS transferred to HTM(2)
(57,509)13,026 (44,483)
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges(81,400)18,437 (62,963)
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) loss realized in net income on interest rate swaps used in cash flow hedges7,761 (1,757)6,004 
Unrecognized pension and postretirement income 825 (181)644 
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement items(3)
128 (28)100 
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)$(533,828)$120,941 $(412,887)
(1) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI. Before-tax amounts included in "Investment securities gains, net" on the Consolidated Statements of Income. See "Note 4
- Investment Securities," for additional details.
(2) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI. Before-tax amounts included as a reduction to "Interest Income" on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(3) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI. Before-tax amounts included in "Salaries and employee benefits" on the Consolidated Statements of Income. See "Note
17 - Employee Benefit Plans," for additional details.    
The following table presents changes in each component of AOCI, net of tax, for the years ended December 31: 
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investment SecuritiesNet Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Interest Rate Derivatives used in Cash Flow HedgesUnrecognized Pension and Postretirement Plan Income (Costs)Total
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2021$40,441 $(4,817)$(8,213)$27,411 
OCI before reclassifications(312,169)(62,963)644 (374,488)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (20)6,004 100 6,084 
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM(44,483)— — (44,483)
Balance at December 31, 2022(316,231)(61,776)(7,469)(385,476)
OCI before reclassifications36,023 6,998 4,777 47,798 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(567)19,995 57 19,485 
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM5,913 — — 5,913 
Balance at December 31, 2023(274,862)(34,783)(2,635)(312,280)
OCI before reclassifications(22,425)590 7,279 (14,556)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI15,689 18,141 (422)33,408 
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM5,609   5,609 
Balance at December 31, 2024$(275,989)$(16,052)$4,222 $(287,819)

Common Stock Repurchase Programs

On December 17, 2024, the Corporation announced that its Board of Directors approved the 2025 Repurchase Program. The 2025 Repurchase Program will expire on December 31, 2025. Under the 2025 Repurchase Program, the Corporation is authorized to repurchase up to $125.0 million of shares of its common stock. Under this authorization, up to $25.0 million of the $125 million authorization may be used to repurchase the Corporation's Preferred Stock. The 2025 Repurchase Program may be discontinued at any time.

On December 19, 2023, the Corporation announced that its Board of Directors approved the 2024 Repurchase Program. The 2024 Repurchase Program expired on December 31, 2024. Under the 2024 Repurchase Program, the Corporation was authorized to repurchase up to $125.0 million of shares of its common stock. Under this authorization, up to $25.0 million of the $125 million authorization may be used to repurchase the Corporation's Preferred Stock and outstanding subordinated notes through December 31, 2024. During 2024, 1.9 million shares were repurchased at a total cost of $30.3 million, or $15.69 per share, under the 2024 Repurchase Program.

On December 20, 2022, the Corporation announced that its Board of Directors approved the 2023 Repurchase Program. Under the 2023 Repurchase Program, the Corporation was authorized to repurchase up to $100.0 million of its common stock through December 31, 2023. During 2023, 5.0 million shares were repurchased at a total cost of $77.1 million, or $15.32 per share, under the 2023 Repurchase Program.

Under these repurchase programs, repurchased shares are added to treasury stock, at cost. As permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements, and subject to market conditions and other factors, purchases may be made from time to time in open market or privately negotiated transactions, including, without limitation, through accelerated share repurchase transactions.
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation Plans
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation Plans
NOTE 16 - STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
The following table presents compensation expense and related tax benefits for all equity awards recognized in the consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Compensation expense$10,907 $11,265 $15,081 
Tax benefit(2,466)(2,484)(2,690)
Total stock-based compensation, net of tax $8,441 $8,781 $12,391 

The tax benefits as a percentage of compensation expense, as shown in the preceding table, were 22.6%, 22.1% and 17.8% in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These percentages differ from the Corporation's federal statutory tax rate of 21%. Tax benefits are only recognized over the vesting period for awards that ordinarily will generate a tax deduction when exercised, in the case of non-qualified stock options, or upon vesting, in the case of restricted stock, RSUs, and PSUs. Tax benefits in excess of the tax rate resulted from incentive stock option exercises that triggered a tax deduction when they were exercised and excess tax benefits realized on vesting RSUs and PSUs during the period.

The following table provides information about stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2024:
Stock
Options
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in millions)
Outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 202340,135 $12.61 
Granted— — 
Exercised(39,310)12.61 
Forfeited— — 
Expired(825)12.61 
Outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2024— $12.61 0.0 years$— 

The following table presents information about stock options exercised for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Number of options exercised39,310 68,134 130,503 
Total intrinsic value of options exercised$116 $249 $842 
Cash received from options exercised$496 $805 $1,402 
Tax benefit from options exercised$23 $47 $163 

Upon exercise, the Corporation issues shares from its authorized, but unissued, common stock to satisfy the options.

The following table provides information about nonvested restricted stock, RSUs and PSUs granted under the Employee Equity Plan and Directors' Plan for the year ended December 31, 2024:
 
Restricted Stock/RSUs/PSUs(1)
 SharesWeighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Nonvested as of December 31, 20232,662,471 $14.24 
Granted933,962 15.22 
Vested(739,626)16.14 
Forfeited(153,810)14.30 
Nonvested as of December 31, 20242,702,997 $14.57 
(1) There were no nonvested stock options at December 31, 2024 or 2023.
As of December 31, 2024, there was $11.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost (pre-tax) related to restricted stock, RSUs and PSUs that will be recognized as compensation expense over a weighted average period of 1.89 years. As of December 31, 2024, the Employee Equity Plan had 3.8 million shares reserved for future grants through 2032, and the Directors' Plan had 325.1 thousand shares reserved for future grants through 2033.

The fair value of certain PSUs with market-based performance conditions granted under the Employee Equity Plan was estimated on the grant date using the Monte Carlo valuation methodology performed by a third-party valuation expert. This valuation is dependent upon certain assumptions, as summarized in the following table:
202420232022
Risk-free interest rate4.75 %3.84 %2.84 %
Volatility of Corporation’s stock30.54 %35.63 %43.46 %
Expected life of PSUs3 years3 years3 years

The expected life of the PSUs with fair values measured using the Monte Carlo valuation methodology was based on the defined performance period of three years. Volatility of the Corporation's stock was based on historical volatility for the period commensurate with the expected life of the PSUs. The risk-free interest rate is the zero-coupon U.S. Treasury rate commensurate with the expected life of the PSUs on the date of the grant. Based on the assumptions above, the Corporation calculated an estimated fair value per PSU with market-based performance conditions granted in 2024, 2023 and 2022 of $19.59, $10.63 and $14.93, respectively.

Under the ESPP, eligible employees can purchase stock of the Corporation at 85% of the fair market value of the stock on the date of purchase. The ESPP is considered to be a compensatory plan and, as such, compensation expense is recognized for the 15% discount on shares purchased. The following table summarizes activity under the ESPP:
202420232022
ESPP shares purchased133,019 162,667 134,645 
Average purchase price per share (85% of market value)$14.55 $11.68 $14.06 
Compensation expense recognized (in thousands)$342 $348 $334 
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Employee Benefit Plans
NOTE 17 - EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
The following summarizes retirement plan expense for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
401(k) Retirement Plan$13,739 $11,930 $10,988 
Pension Plan(1,036)464 (1,347)
Total$12,703 $12,394 $9,641 

The 401(k) Retirement Plan is a defined contribution plan under which eligible employees may defer a portion of their pre-tax covered compensation on an annual basis, with employer matches of up to 5% of employee compensation. Employee and employer contributions under these features are 100% vested.

Contributions to the Pension Plan are actuarially determined and funded annually, if necessary. The Corporation recognizes the funded status of its Pension Plan on the consolidated balance sheets and recognizes the changes in that funded status through OCI. The Pension Plan has been curtailed, with no additional benefits accruing to participants.
Pension Plan

The net periodic pension cost for the Pension Plan, as determined by consulting actuaries, consisted of the following components for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Interest cost$3,159 $3,269 $2,393 
Expected return on assets(3,903)(3,436)(4,393)
Net amortization and deferral 631 653 
Gain on settlement(292)— — 
Net periodic pension cost$(1,036)$464 $(1,347)
The following table summarizes the changes in the projected benefit obligation and fair value of Pension Plan assets for the plan years ended December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year$68,952 $68,716 
Interest cost3,159 3,269 
Benefit payments(8,843)(4,687)
Change in assumptions(4,323)1,492 
Experience gain484 162 
Projected benefit obligation at end of year$59,429 $68,952 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year$84,659 $78,137 
Actual return on plan assets9,779 11,209 
Benefit payments(8,843)(4,687)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year$85,595 $84,659 

The following table presents the funded status of the Pension Plan, included in other assets and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, as of December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Projected benefit obligation$(59,429)$(68,952)
Fair value of plan assets85,595 84,659 
Funded status$26,166 $15,707 

The following table summarizes the changes in the unrecognized net loss included as a component of AOCI:
 Unrecognized Net Loss  (Gain)
 Before taxNet of tax
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2022$12,070 $9,384 
Recognized as a component of 2023 periodic pension cost(631)(492)
Unrecognized gains arising in 2023(6,119)(4,775)
Balance as of December 31, 20235,320 4,117 
Recognized as a component of 2024 periodic pension cost  
Unrecognized gains arising in 2024(9,417)(7,284)
Balance as of December 31, 2024$(4,097)$(3,167)
The following rates were used to calculate the net periodic pension cost and the present value of benefit obligations as of December 31:
202420232022
Discount rate-projected benefit obligation5.38 %4.73 %4.93 %
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets5.00 %5.00 %5.00 %

The discount rates used were determined using the FTSE Pension Discount Curve (formerly, the Citigroup Average Life discount rate table), as adjusted based on the Pension Plan's expected benefit payments.

The 5.00% long-term rate of return on plan assets used to calculate the net periodic pension cost was based on historical returns, adjusted for expectations of long-term asset returns based on the December 31, 2024 weighted average asset allocations. The expected long-term return is considered to be appropriate based on the asset mix and the historical returns realized.

The following table presents a summary of the fair values of the Pension Plan's assets as of December 31:
 20242023
 Estimated
Fair Value
% of Total
Assets
Estimated
Fair Value
% of Total
Assets
 (dollars in thousands)
Equity mutual funds$31,369 $27,998 
Equity common trust funds16,486 20,246 
Equity securities47,855 55.9 %48,244 57.0 %
Cash and money market funds5,534 6,276 
Fixed income mutual funds13,590 12,639 
Corporate debt securities4,090 2,600 
U.S. Government agency securities9,493 9,908 
Fixed income securities and cash32,707 38.2 %31,423 37.1 %
Other alternative investment funds5,033 5.9 %4,992 5.9 %
Total$85,595 100.0 %$84,659 100.0 %

Investment allocation decisions are made by a retirement plan committee. The goal of the investment allocation strategy is to match certain benefit obligations with maturities of fixed income securities. Alternative investments may include managed futures, commodities, real estate investment trusts, master limited partnerships, and long-short strategies with traditional stocks and bonds. All alternative investments are in the form of mutual funds, not individual contracts, to enable daily liquidity.
The fair values for assets held by the Pension Plan are based on quoted prices for identical instruments and would be categorized as Level 1 assets under the fair value hierarchy.

Estimated future benefit payments are as follows (in thousands):
Year 
2025$4,938 
20265,005 
20275,050 
20285,058 
20295,039 
Thereafter24,533 
Total$49,623 

Multiemployer Defined Benefit Pension Plan

In connection with the Merger, the Corporation assumed the pension plan obligations of Prudential Bancorp, under the Prudential Bancorp Pension Plan, that had previously been closed to new Prudential Bancorp participants.
The Prudential Bancorp Pension Plan is structured as a multiple employer plan under Internal Revenue Code Section 413(c). It maintains a single trust and all assets are commingled and invested on a pooled basis. All amounts payable by the Plan are a general charge upon all its assets. This structure gives rise to the risk if a participating employer fails before funding up to cover the liabilities of its participants and orphans, contributions for all remaining employers will increase, as assets have to be re-allocated to cover such shortfall.

Information regarding the Prudential Bancorp Pension Plan as of December 31, 2024 is as follows:

Legal Name of PlanPrudential Bancorp Pension Plan
(dollars in thousands)
Plan Employer Identification Number23-1928421
The Corporation's contribution for the year ended December 31, 2024(1)
$355 
Are the Corporation's contributions more than 5% of total contributions?No
Funded Status80.81 %
(1) Includes 2025 prepayment of $138 thousand.

Postretirement Benefits

The Corporation provides medical benefits and life insurance benefits under the Postretirement Plan to certain retired full-time employees who were employees of the Corporation prior to January 1, 1998. Prior to February 1, 2014, certain full-time employees became eligible for these discretionary benefits if they reached retirement age while working for the Corporation. The Corporation recognizes the funded status of the Postretirement Plan on the consolidated balance sheets and recognizes the changes in that funded status through OCI.

The components of the net benefit for Postretirement Plan other than pensions are as follows:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Interest cost$38 $42 $34 
Net amortization and deferral(541)(558)(525)
Net postretirement benefit$(503)$(516)$(491)

This table summarizes the changes in the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation for the years ended December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation at beginning of year$844 $972 
Interest cost38 42 
Benefit payments(135)(147)
Change in experience42 (31)
Change in assumptions(36)
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation at end of year$753 $844 

The fair values of the Postretirement Plan assets were $0 as of both December 31, 2024 and 2023. The funded status for the Postretirement Plan included in other liabilities was $0.8 million in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The following table summarizes the changes in items recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
 Before tax 
 Unrecognized
Prior Service
Cost
Unrecognized
Net Loss (Gain)
TotalNet of tax
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2022$(2,084)$(818)$(2,902)$(2,264)
Recognized as a component of 2023 postretirement cost464 94 558 435 
Unrecognized gains arising in 2023— (23)(23)(18)
Balance as of December 31, 2023(1,620)(747)(2,367)(1,847)
Recognized as a component of 2024 postretirement cost464 77 541 422 
Unrecognized loss arising in 2024 6 6 5 
Balance as of December 31, 2024$(1,156)$(664)$(1,820)$(1,420)

The following rates were used to calculate net periodic postretirement benefit cost and the present value of benefit obligations as of December 31:
202420232022
Discount rate-projected benefit obligation5.38 %4.73 %4.93 %
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets3.00 %3.00 %3.00 %
The discount rates used to calculate the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation were determined using the FTSE Pension Discount Curve (formerly, the Citigroup Average Life discount rate table), as adjusted based on the Postretirement Plan's expected benefit payments.

Estimated future benefit payments under the Postretirement Plan are as follows (dollars in thousands):
Year 
2025$129 
2026116 
2027103 
202892 
202981 
Thereafter270 
Total $791 
v3.25.0.1
Leases
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases
NOTE 18 - LEASES
The Corporation has operating leases for certain financial centers, corporate offices and land.

The following table presents the components of lease expense, which is included in net occupancy expense on the consolidated statements of income (dollars in thousands):
202420232022
Operating lease expense$27,893 $19,372 $17,766 
Variable lease expense3,147 3,160 3,017
Sublease income(1,224)(1,111)(964)
Total lease expense$29,816 $21,421 $19,819 


Supplemental consolidated balance sheet information related to leases was as follows as of December 31 (dollars in thousands):
Operating LeasesBalance Sheet Classification20242023
ROU assetsOther assets$140,997 $88,188 
Lease liabilitiesOther liabilities$154,176 $95,230 
Weighted average remaining lease term9.30 years6.48 years
Weighted average discount rate5.51 %3.34 %

The discount rate used in determining the lease liability for each individual lease is the Bank's incremental borrowing rate which corresponds with the remaining lease term.

Supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows (dollars in thousands):
20242023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities$25,161 $20,898 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations78,278 20,184 

Lease payment obligations for each of the next five years and thereafter, with a reconciliation to the Corporation's lease liability were as follows (dollars in thousands):
YearOperating Leases
2025$27,122 
202625,744 
202723,464 
202820,254 
202916,669
Thereafter91,077 
Total lease payments204,330 
Less: imputed interest(50,154)
Present value of lease liabilities$154,176 
On May 10, 2024, the Bank and Fulton Financial Realty Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Corporation, entered into the Sale-Leaseback Transaction for 40 financial center office locations for an aggregate cash purchase price of $55.4 million. The Bank entered into a lease for each of the locations sold in the Sale-Leaseback Transaction for an initial term of 15 years, with the option to extend the term of each for up to three successive terms of up to five years each. During the initial lease terms, the base rental amount will increase annually at a rate of 2.25%. The Corporation recorded a pre-tax gain, after deduction of transaction-related expenses, of approximately $20.3 million in connection with the Sale-Leaseback Transaction. The properties are located in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland.

As of December 31, 2024, the Corporation had not entered into any significant leases that have not yet commenced.
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements
NOTE 19 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The following tables present assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and reported on the consolidated balance sheets:
 2024
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans held for sale$ $25,618 $ $25,618 
Available for sale investment securities:
State and municipal securities 814,887  814,887 
Corporate debt securities 300,370  300,370 
Collateralized mortgage obligations 788,885  788,885 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 989,875  989,875 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 516,882  516,882 
Total available for sale investment securities 3,410,899  3,410,899 
Other assets:
Investments held in Rabbi Trust35,093   35,093 
Derivative assets1,682 159,939  161,621 
Total assets$36,775 $3,596,456 $ $3,633,231 
Other liabilities:
Deferred compensation liabilities$35,093 $ $ $35,093 
Derivative liabilities1,596 252,821  254,417 
Total liabilities$36,689 $252,821 $ $289,510 
 2023
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans held for sale$— $15,158 $— $15,158 
Available for sale investment securities:
U.S. Government securities42,161 — — 42,161 
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities— 1,010 — 1,010 
State and municipal securities— 1,072,013 — 1,072,013 
Corporate debt securities— 440,551 — 440,551 
Collateralized mortgage obligations— 111,434 — 111,434 
Residential mortgage-backed securities— 196,795 — 196,795 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities— 534,388 — 534,388 
Total available for sale investment securities42,161 2,356,191 — 2,398,352 
Other assets:
Investments held in Rabbi Trust29,819 — — 29,819 
Derivative assets572 157,540 — 158,112 
Total assets$72,552 $2,528,889 $— $2,601,441 
Other liabilities:
Deferred compensation liabilities$29,819 $— $— $29,819 
Derivative liabilities477 246,157 — 246,634 
Total liabilities$30,296 $246,157 $— $276,453 

The valuation techniques used to measure fair value for the items in the preceding tables are as follows:

Loans held for sale - This category includes mortgage loans held for sale that are measured at fair value. Fair values as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, were measured as the price that secondary market investors were offering for loans with similar characteristics. See "Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for details related to the Corporation's election to measure assets and liabilities at fair value.

Available for sale investment securities - Included in this asset category are debt securities. Level 2 investment securities are valued by a third-party pricing service. The pricing service uses pricing models that vary based on asset class and incorporate available market information, including quoted prices of investment securities with similar characteristics. Because many fixed
income securities do not trade on a daily basis, pricing models use available information, as applicable, through processes such as benchmark yield curves, benchmarking of like securities, sector groupings and matrix pricing.

Standard market inputs include: benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data, including market research publications. For certain security types, additional inputs may be used, or some of the standard market inputs may not be applicable.

U.S. Government securities - These securities are classified as Level 1. Fair values are based on quoted prices with active markets.

U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities/State and municipal securities/Collateralized mortgage obligations/Residential mortgage-backed securities/Commercial mortgage-backed securities - These debt securities are classified as Level 2. Fair values are determined by a third-party pricing service, as detailed above.

Corporate debt securities - These securities are classified as Level 2. This category consists of subordinated and senior debt issued by financial institutions ($293.1 million at December 31, 2024 and $433.4 million at December 31, 2023) and other corporate debt issued by non-financial institutions ($7.3 million at December 31, 2024 and $7.2 million at December 31, 2023). The fair values for corporate debt securities are determined by a third-party pricing service as detailed above.

Investments held in Rabbi Trust - This category consists of mutual funds that are held in trust for employee deferred compensation plans that the Corporation has elected to measure at fair value. Shares of mutual funds are valued based on net asset value, which represents quoted market prices for the underlying shares held in the mutual funds, and as such, are classified as Level 1.

Derivative assets - Fair value of foreign currency exchange contracts classified as Level 1 assets ($1.7 million at December 31, 2024 and $0.6 million at December 31, 2023). The foreign exchange prices used to measure these items at fair value are based on quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2 assets, representing the fair value of mortgage banking derivatives in the form of interest rate locks and forward commitments with secondary market investors ($0.8 million at December 31, 2024 and $0.5 million at December 31, 2023) and the fair value of interest rate derivatives ($159.2 million at December 31, 2024 and $157.1 million at December 31, 2023). The fair values of the interest rate locks, forward commitments and interest rate derivatives represent the amounts that would be required to settle the derivative financial instruments at the balance sheet date. See "Note 11 - Derivative Financial Instruments," for additional information.

Deferred compensation liabilities - Fair value of amounts due to employees under deferred compensation plans, classified as Level 1 liabilities and are included in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The fair values of these liabilities are determined in the same manner as the related assets, as described under the heading "Investments held in Rabbi Trust" above.

Derivative liabilities - Level 1 liabilities, representing the fair value of foreign currency exchange contracts ($1.6 million and $0.5 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively).

Level 2 liabilities, representing the fair value of mortgage banking derivatives in the form of interest rate locks and forward commitments with secondary market investors ($0.1 million at December 31, 2024 and $0.9 million at December 31, 2023) and the fair value of interest rate derivatives ($252.8 million at December 31, 2024 and $245.6 million at December 31, 2023).

The fair values of these liabilities are determined in the same manner as the related assets, as described under the heading "Derivative assets" above.
Certain financial instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value measurement in certain circumstances, such as upon their acquisition or when there is evidence of impairment. The following table presents Level 3 financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans, Net$168,668 $102,135 
OREO2,621 896 
MSRs(1)
53,972 49,696 
SBA servicing asset3,120 — 
Total assets$228,381 $152,727 
(1) Amounts shown are estimated fair value. MSRs are recorded on the Corporation's consolidated balance sheets at lower of amortized cost or fair value. See
"Note 8 - Mortgage Servicing Rights" for additional information.

The valuation techniques used to measure fair value for the items in the table above are as follows:

Loans, net – This category consists of loans that were individually evaluated for impairment and have been classified as Level 3 assets. The amount shown is the balance of non-accrual loans, net of related ACL. See "Note 5 - Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses," for additional details.

OREO – This category consists of OREO classified as Level 3 assets, for which the fair values were based on estimated selling prices less estimated selling costs for similar assets in active markets.

MSRs – This category consists of MSRs, which were initially recorded at fair value upon the sale of residential mortgage loans to secondary market investors, and subsequently carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value. MSRs are amortized as a reduction to servicing income over the estimated lives of the underlying loans. MSRs are stratified by product type and evaluated for impairment by comparing each stratum's carrying amount to its estimated fair value. Fair values are determined at the end of each quarter through a discounted cash flows valuation performed by a third-party valuation expert. Significant inputs to the valuation included expected net servicing income, the discount rate and the expected life of the underlying loans. Expected life is based on the contractual terms of the loans, as adjusted for prepayment projections. The weighted average annual constant prepayment rate and the weighted average discount rate used in the December 31, 2024 valuation were 7.9% and 9.5%, respectively. Management reviews the reasonableness of the significant inputs to the third-party valuation in comparison to market data. See "Note 8 - Mortgage Servicing Rights," for additional information. Changes in any of those inputs, in isolation, could result in a significantly different fair value measurement, as depicted in the table below:
Significant InputScenario Shock% Change in Valuation
Prepayment Rate+ 15%(4)%
Prepayment Rate- 15%4%
Discount Rate- 200 bps10%
Discount Rate+ 200 bps(9)%
SBA servicing asset – This category consists of the retained servicing rights on SBA-guaranteed loans sold to investors. The standard sale structure under the SBA Secondary Participation Guaranty Agreement provides for the Corporation to retain a portion of the cash flow from the interest payment received on the SBA guaranteed portion of the loan, which is commonly known as a servicing spread. A third-party valuation expert is utilized to perform the modeling to estimate the fair value of the SBA servicing asset. Since the valuation model uses significant unobservable inputs, the SBA servicing asset is classified within Level 3.
The following table details the book values and the estimated fair values of the Corporation's financial instruments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. A general description of the methods and assumptions used to estimate such fair values is also provided.
 2024
Estimated Fair Value
Carrying AmountLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
FINANCIAL ASSETS(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents$1,063,871 $1,063,871 $ $ $1,063,871 
FRB and FHLB stock139,574  139,574  139,574 
Loans held for sale 25,618  25,618  25,618 
AFS securities 3,410,899  3,410,899  3,410,899 
HTM securities1,395,569  1,183,449  1,183,449 
Loans, net23,665,763   22,555,687 22,555,687 
Accrued interest receivable117,029 117,029   117,029 
Other assets 736,502 543,251 159,939 59,713 762,903 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Demand and savings deposits$21,135,478 $21,135,478 $ $ $21,135,478 
Brokered deposits843,857 145,056 698,647  843,703 
Time deposits4,150,098  4,154,726  4,154,726 
Accrued interest payable31,620 31,620   31,620 
FHLB advances850,000 851,470   851,470 
Senior debt and subordinated debt367,316  253,818  253,818 
Other borrowings564,732 544,908 901  545,809 
Other liabilities 467,011 200,029 252,821 14,161 467,011 
2023
Estimated Fair Value
Carrying AmountLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
FINANCIAL ASSETS(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents$549,710 $549,710 $— $— $549,710 
FRB and FHLB stock124,405 — 124,405 — 124,405 
Loans held for sale15,158 — 15,158 — 15,158 
AFS securities2,398,352 42,161 2,356,191 — 2,398,352 
HTM securities1,267,922 — 1,072,207 — 1,072,207 
Loans, net21,057,690 — — 19,930,560 19,930,560 
Accrued interest receivable107,972 107,972 — — 107,972 
Other assets661,067 452,935 157,540 50,592 661,067 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Demand and savings deposits$17,653,690 $17,653,690 $— $— $17,653,690 
Brokered deposits1,144,692 145,987 999,392 — 1,145,379 
Time deposits2,739,241 — 2,714,709 — 2,714,709 
Accrued interest payable35,083 35,083 — — 35,083 
Federal funds purchased240,000 240,000 — — 240,000 
FHLB advances1,100,000 1,094,013 — — 1,094,013 
Senior debt and subordinated debt535,384 — 463,270 — 463,270 
Other borrowings612,142 611,269 837 — 612,106 
Other liabilities429,046 165,635 246,157 17,254 429,046 

Fair values of financial instruments are significantly affected by the assumptions used, principally the timing of future cash flows and discount rates. Because assumptions are inherently subjective in nature, the estimated fair values cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent market quotes and, in many cases, the estimated fair values could not necessarily be realized in an immediate sale or settlement of the instrument. The aggregate fair value amounts presented do not necessarily represent management's estimate of the underlying value of the Corporation.
For short-term financial instruments, defined as those with remaining maturities of 90 days or less, and excluding those recorded at fair value on the Corporation's consolidated balance sheets, book value was considered to be a reasonable estimate of fair value.

The following instruments are predominantly short-term:
Assets  Liabilities
Cash and cash equivalents  Demand and savings deposits
Accrued interest receivable  Other borrowings
  Accrued interest payable

FRB and FHLB stock represent restricted investments and are carried at cost on the consolidated balance sheets, which is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

As of December 31, 2024, fair values for loans and time deposits were estimated by discounting future cash flows using the current rates, as adjusted for liquidity considerations, at which similar loans would be made to borrowers and similar deposits would be issued to customers for the same remaining maturities. Fair values of loans also include estimated credit losses that would be assumed in a market transaction, which represents estimated exit prices.

Brokered deposits consist of demand and saving deposits, which are classified as Level 1, and time deposits, which are classified as Level 2. The fair value of these deposits is determined in a manner consistent with the respective type of deposit discussed above.
v3.25.0.1
Commitments and Contingencies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies
NOTE 21 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Commitments

The Corporation is a party to financial instruments with OBS risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its borrowers or obligors.

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a borrower or obligor as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee by the borrower or obligor. Since a portion of the commitments is expected to expire without being drawn
upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Corporation evaluates each borrower's or obligor's creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral, if any, obtained upon extension of credit is based on management's credit evaluation of the borrower or obligor. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, equipment and income-producing commercial properties.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the financial or performance obligation of a borrower or obligor to a third party. Commercial letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to facilitate foreign and domestic trade transactions for borrowers or obligors. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is similar to that involved in extending loan facilities. These obligations are underwritten consistent with commercial lending standards. The maximum exposure to loss for standby and commercial letters of credit is equal to the contractual (or notional) amount of the instruments.

The following table presents the Corporation's commitments to extend credit and letters of credit:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial$4,967,334 $4,929,981 
Real estate - commercial mortgage and real estate - construction1,706,879 1,867,830 
Real estate - home equity2,154,382 1,992,700 
Total commitments to extend credit$8,828,595 $8,790,511 
Standby letters of credit$279,309 $264,440 
Commercial letters of credit48,993 67,396 
Total letters of credit$328,302 $331,836 

Residential Lending

The Corporation originates and sells residential mortgages to secondary market investors. The Corporation provides customary representations and warranties to secondary market investors that specify, among other things, that the loans have been underwritten to the standards of the secondary market investor. The Corporation may be required to repurchase specific loans or reimburse the investor for a credit loss incurred on a sold loan if it is determined that the representations and warranties have not been met. Under some agreements with secondary market investors, the Corporation may have additional credit exposure beyond customary representations and warranties, based on the specific terms of those agreements.

The Corporation maintains a reserve for estimated losses related to loans sold to investors. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the total reserve for losses on residential mortgage loans sold was $1.5 million and $1.8 million, respectively, including reserves for both representation and warranty and credit loss exposures. In addition, included as a component of ACL for OBS credit exposures was $1.2 million and $2.7 million as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, related to additional credit exposure for potential loan repurchases.

Legal Proceedings

The Corporation is involved in various pending and threatened claims and other legal proceedings in the ordinary course of its business activities. The Corporation evaluates the possible impact of these matters, taking into consideration the most recent information available. A loss reserve is established for those matters for which the Corporation believes a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable. Once established, the reserve is adjusted as appropriate to reflect any subsequent developments. Actual losses with respect to any such matter may be more or less than the amount estimated by the Corporation. For matters where a loss is not probable, or the amount of the loss cannot be reasonably estimated by the Corporation, no loss reserve is established.

In addition, from time to time, the Corporation is involved in investigations or other forms of regulatory or governmental inquiry covering a range of possible issues and, in some cases, these may be part of similar reviews of the specified activities of other companies. These inquiries or investigations could lead to administrative, civil or criminal proceedings involving the Corporation, and could result in fines, penalties, restitution, other types of sanctions, or the need for the Corporation to undertake remedial actions, or to alter its business, financial or accounting practices. The Corporation's practice is to cooperate fully with regulatory and governmental inquiries and investigations.
As of the date of this report, the Corporation believes that any liabilities, individually or in the aggregate, that may result from the final outcomes of pending legal proceedings, or regulatory or governmental inquiries or investigations, will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition of the Corporation. However, legal proceedings, inquiries and investigations are often unpredictable, and it is possible that the ultimate resolution of any such matters, if unfavorable, may be material to the Corporation's results of operations in any future period, depending, in part, upon the size of the loss or liability imposed and the operating results for the period, and could have a material adverse effect on the Corporation's business. In addition, regardless of the ultimate outcome of any such legal proceeding, inquiry or investigation, any such matter could cause the Corporation to incur additional expenses, which could be significant, and possibly material, to the Corporation's results of operations in any future period.
v3.25.0.1
Segment Reporting
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Reporting Disclosure
The Corporation has one reportable segment whose primary sources of revenue are interest income on loans, investment securities and other interest-earning assets and fee income earned on its products and services. Its expenses consist of interest expense on deposits and borrowed funds, provision for credit losses, other operating expenses and income taxes. The Corporation manages its business activities on a consolidated basis.

The accounting policies of the segment are the same as those described in “Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.”

The Chief Operating Decision Maker is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) who assesses performance of the segment based on net income available to common shareholders and net income available to common shareholders per share (diluted), which is reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Net income available to common shareholders and net income available to common shareholders per share (diluted), are used to monitor actual results versus budget, in competitive analyses by benchmarking to the Corporation’s peers, and in decision-making pertaining to executive compensation levels, common stock and preferred stock dividend levels, common share repurchases and capital expenditure spending.

The measure of segment assets is reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
The following table presents segment results as of December 31:
(dollars in thousands, except per-share data)
202420232022
Interest Income
Loans, including fees$1,394,969 $1,156,373 $758,609 
Investment securities136,650 101,518 98,115 
Other interest income50,577 15,345 8,114 
Total Interest Income1,582,196 1,273,236 864,838 
Interest Expense
Deposits521,859 292,205 43,829 
Federal funds purchased2,881 30,417 2,967 
FHLB advances37,793 46,965 7,334 
Senior debt and subordinated debt20,255 21,361 22,257 
Other borrowings and interest-bearing liabilities39,083 28,002 6,817 
Total Interest Expense621,871 418,950 83,204 
Net Interest Income960,325 854,286 781,634 
Provision for credit losses71,636 54,036 28,021 
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses888,689 800,250 753,613 
Total Non-Interest Income275,731 227,678 227,130 
Non-Interest Expense
Salaries and employee benefits432,821 377,417 356,884 
Data processing and software77,882 66,471 60,255 
Net occupancy69,359 58,019 56,195 
Other outside services60,586 47,724 37,152 
FDIC insurance23,829 25,565 12,547 
Equipment17,850 14,390 14,033 
Intangible amortization17,830 2,944 1,731 
Professional fees10,857 8,392 9,123 
Marketing8,958 9,004 6,885 
Acquisition-related expenses37,635 — 10,328 
Other62,184 69,281 68,595 
Total Non-Interest Expense819,791 679,207 633,728 
Income Before Income Taxes344,629 348,721 347,015 
Income taxes55,886 64,441 60,034 
Net Income288,743 284,280 286,981 
Preferred stock dividends(10,248)(10,248)(10,248)
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders$278,495 $274,032 $276,733 
Net income available to common shareholders per share (diluted)$1.57 $1.64 $1.67 
v3.25.0.1
Condensed Financial Information - Parent Company Only
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]  
Condensed Financial Statements - Parent Company Only
NOTE 22 - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION - PARENT COMPANY ONLY

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
 December 31,
 20242023
(dollars in thousands)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents$78,566 $171,433 
Other assets68,375 62,500 
Receivable from subsidiaries126,430 276,215 
Investments in:
Bank subsidiary3,309,613 2,794,106 
Non-bank subsidiaries47,666 42,496 
Total Assets$3,630,650 $3,346,750 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Senior and subordinated debt$367,316 $535,384 
Other liabilities66,009 51,227 
Total Liabilities433,325 586,611 
Shareholders' equity3,197,325 2,760,139 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity$3,630,650 $3,346,750 
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME 
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Income:
Dividends from subsidiaries$75,000 $300,000 $207,000 
Other2,237 794 725 
77,237 300,794 207,725 
Expenses42,572 37,448 51,887 
Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries34,665 263,346 155,838 
Income tax benefit(9,070)(7,861)(12,331)
43,735 271,207 168,169 
Equity in undistributed net income (loss) of:
Bank subsidiaries239,677 8,932 121,388 
Non-bank subsidiaries5,331 4,141 (2,576)
Net Income288,743 284,280 286,981 
 Preferred stock dividends(10,248)(10,248)(10,248)
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders$278,495 $274,032 $276,733 
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net Income$288,743 $284,280 $286,981 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of issuance costs and discount of long-term debt710 750 724 
Stock-based compensation10,516 12,540 14,000 
Net change in other assets(83,081)(37,591)44,790 
Equity in undistributed net (income) loss of subsidiaries(245,009)(13,073)(120,213)
Net change in other liabilities and payables to non-bank subsidiaries(4,504)(50,047)(198,349)
Total adjustments(321,368)(87,421)(259,048)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities(32,625)196,859 27,933 
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Net cash paid for acquisition — (21,811)
Net cash used in investing activities — (21,811)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Repayments of long-term borrowings(168,778)(5,000)(81,496)
Net proceeds from common stock270,582 3,160 7,876 
Dividends paid(131,698)(115,738)(116,009)
Acquisition of treasury stock(30,348)(77,056)— 
Net cash used in financing activities(60,242)(194,634)(189,629)
Net (decrease) increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents(92,867)2,225 (183,507)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year171,433 169,208 352,715 
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Year$78,566 $171,433 $169,208 
v3.25.0.1
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure      
Net Income $ 288,743 $ 284,280 $ 286,981
v3.25.0.1
Insider Trading Arrangements
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
shares
Dec. 31, 2024
shares
Trading Arrangements, by Individual    
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false  
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false  
Angela M. Snyder [Member]    
Trading Arrangements, by Individual    
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement  
On October 28, 2024, Angela M. Snyder, President of the Corporation, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement for the sale of up to 13,322 shares of the Corporation's common stock. The trading arrangement will expire on January 26, 2026, unless terminated sooner in accordance with its terms.
Name Angela M. Snyder  
Title President of the Corporation  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted true  
Adoption Date October 28, 2024  
Expiration Date January 26, 2026  
Arrangement Duration 455 days  
Aggregate Available 13,322 13,322
v3.25.0.1
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]  
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted true
v3.25.0.1
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]  
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block]
The Corporation's cybersecurity risk management program is integrated into our enterprise risk management program and is designed to expeditiously identify, analyze and protect against security threats to its computer systems, software, networks, storage devices and other technology assets. Our management team, with oversight from our Board of Directors, proactively manages the Corporation's cybersecurity risks to avoid or minimize the impacts of attacks by unauthorized parties attempting to obtain access to confidential information, destroy data, disrupt service, sabotage systems or cause other damage. Specifically, the Corporation has appointed a CISO to maintain a comprehensive information security program. Our strategy includes a continuous improvement mindset along with a defense in depth approach to cybersecurity. We utilize industry standards that include the NIST Cybersecurity Framework and the Financial Services Sector Cybersecurity Profile. Our layered security architecture consists of innovative technology to detect, prevent, and mitigate cybersecurity threats. Ongoing proactive analysis of cyber threat intelligence ensures that we are taking the appropriate counter measures to defend against the latest threats. We use monitoring and preventive controls to detect and respond swiftly to data breaches and cyber threats involving our systems. We regularly evaluate our systems and controls and implement upgrades as necessary. We also attempt to reduce our exposure to our vendors' data privacy and cyber incidents by performing initial vendor due diligence that is updated periodically for critical vendors, negotiating service level standards with vendors, negotiating for indemnification from vendors for confidentiality and data breaches, and limiting third-party access to the least privileged level necessary to perform outsourced functions. The additional cost to us of data and cybersecurity monitoring and protection systems and controls includes the cost of hardware and software, third-party technology providers, consulting and forensic testing firms, insurance premium costs, legal fees and the cost of personnel who focus a substantial portion of their responsibilities on data security and cybersecurity.

The Corporation uses an integrated cybersecurity incident response plan ICIRP designed to enable management to respond timely to cybersecurity incidents, coordinate such responses within the Corporation and with our Board of Directors, notify law enforcement and other government agencies, and notify customers and employees. The ICIRP provides a documented framework for identifying and responding to actual or potential cybersecurity incidents, including timely notification of and escalation to the CIRST. The CIRST facilitates coordination across key stakeholders of the Corporation. The Corporation's CISO and key members of management are members of the ICIRP. The Corporation provides the CISO and the information security team with a comprehensive suite of security tools and techniques to protect the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the Corporation's data for the benefit of our customers, employees and shareholders. We periodically engage third-party consultants to assess the effectiveness of our strategy, tools and techniques, and overall information security program. Independent oversight and assurance activities include internal audits, vulnerability assessments and penetration testing. The Corporation's cybersecurity professionals are well-trained on how to protect customer and employee information through ongoing education and awareness initiatives.
The Corporation maintains a third-party risk management program designed to identify, analyze and monitor risks, including cybersecurity risks, associated with vendors and outside service providers. Our vendor risk management team collaborates closely with the information security team to ensure third parties meet certain information security control requirements. Our information security team proactively monitors our internal systems and email gateways for phishing email attacks. Remote connections are also assessed and monitored given a portion of our workforce works remotely.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block] The Corporation's cybersecurity risk management program is integrated into our enterprise risk management program and is designed to expeditiously identify, analyze and protect against security threats to its computer systems, software, networks, storage devices and other technology assets.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag] false
Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block] Our Board of Directors provides direction and oversight over the Corporation's enterprise-wide risk management program, including risks related to cybersecurity.
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] The Risk Committee is responsible for overseeing the Corporation's information security program and execution.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] The Risk Committee promotes collaboration and cooperation between various elements within the Corporation relative to information security. Cybersecurity incidents are managed through the ICIRP, which provides direction to management allowing for the timely transfer of information throughout the organization. Our policy requires material incidents to be reported within four business days
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block] Our management team, with oversight from our Board of Directors, proactively manages the Corporation's cybersecurity risks to avoid or minimize the impacts of attacks by unauthorized parties attempting to obtain access to confidential information, destroy data, disrupt service, sabotage systems or cause other damage. Specifically, the Corporation has appointed a CISO to maintain a comprehensive information security program. Our strategy includes a continuous improvement mindset along with a defense in depth approach to cybersecurity. We utilize industry standards that include the NIST Cybersecurity Framework and the Financial Services Sector Cybersecurity Profile. Our layered security architecture consists of innovative technology to detect, prevent, and mitigate cybersecurity threats. Ongoing proactive analysis of cyber threat intelligence ensures that we are taking the appropriate counter measures to defend against the latest threats. We use monitoring and preventive controls to detect and respond swiftly to data breaches and cyber threats involving our systems. We regularly evaluate our systems and controls and implement upgrades as necessary. We also attempt to reduce our exposure to our vendors' data privacy and cyber incidents by performing initial vendor due diligence that is updated periodically for critical vendors, negotiating service level standards with vendors, negotiating for indemnification from vendors for confidentiality and data breaches, and limiting third-party access to the least privileged level necessary to perform outsourced functions. The additional cost to us of data and cybersecurity monitoring and protection systems and controls includes the cost of hardware and software, third-party technology providers, consulting and forensic testing firms, insurance premium costs, legal fees and the cost of personnel who focus a substantial portion of their responsibilities on data security and cybersecurity.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag] true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block] Specifically, the Corporation has appointed a CISO to maintain a comprehensive information security program.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block] The Corporation's cybersecurity professionals are well-trained on how to protect customer and employee information through ongoing education and awareness initiatives.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block]
Cybersecurity incidents are managed through the ICIRP, which provides direction to management allowing for the timely transfer of information throughout the organization. Our policy requires material incidents to be reported within four business days after an incident is determined to be material with the materiality determination to be completed without unreasonable delay. Management's Disclosure Committee has developed a plan to facilitate making timely determinations as to whether and when incidents should be disclosed. If a material incident occurs, the Corporation will describe in detail the material aspects and nature, scope and timing of the incident, along with the impact to its financial condition and results of operations.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag] true
v3.25.0.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Business and Basis of Financial Statement Presentation
Business: The Corporation is a financial holding company that provides a full range of banking and financial services to businesses and consumers through its wholly-owned banking subsidiary, Fulton Bank. In addition, the Parent Company owns the following non-bank subsidiaries: Fulton Financial Realty Company, Central Pennsylvania Financial Corp., FFC Penn Square, Inc., Fulton Insurance Services Group, Inc. and Fulton Community Partner, LLC. Collectively, the Parent Company and its subsidiaries are referred to as the Corporation.

The Corporation's primary sources of revenue are interest income on loans, investment securities and other interest-earning assets and fee income earned on its products and services. Its expenses consist of interest expense on deposits and borrowed funds, provision for credit losses, other operating expenses and income taxes. The Corporation's primary competition is other financial services providers operating in its region. Competitors also include financial services providers located outside the Corporation's geographic market as a result of the growth in electronic delivery channels. The Corporation is subject to the regulations of certain federal and state agencies and undergoes periodic examinations by such regulatory agencies.

The Corporation offers, through its banking subsidiary, a full range of retail and commercial banking services in Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey and Virginia.

Basis of Financial Statement Presentation: The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and include the accounts of the Parent Company and all wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosed amount of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Corporation evaluates subsequent events through the date of the filing of this report with the SEC.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash: Cash and cash equivalents consists of cash and due from banks and interest-bearing deposits with other banks, which includes restricted cash. Restricted cash comprises cash balances required to be maintained with the FRB, based on customer transaction deposit account levels, and cash balances provided as collateral on derivative contracts and other contracts. See "Note 3 - Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents" for additional information.
FRB and FHLB Stock FRB and FHLB Stock: The Bank is a member of the FRB and FHLB and is required by federal law to hold stock in these institutions according to predetermined formulas. These restricted investments are carried at cost on the consolidated balance sheets and are periodically evaluated for impairment.
Investments
Investments: Debt securities are classified as HTM at the time of purchase when the Corporation has both the intent and ability to hold these investments until they mature. Such debt securities are carried at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts using the effective yield method. The Corporation does not engage in trading activities; however, since the investment portfolio serves as a source of liquidity, most debt securities are classified as AFS. AFS securities are carried at estimated fair value with the related unrealized holding gains and losses reported in shareholders' equity as a component of AOCI, net of tax. Realized securities gains and losses are computed using the specific identification method and are recorded on a trade date basis.
Fair Value Option
Fair Value Option: The Corporation has elected to measure mortgage loans held for sale at fair value. Derivative financial instruments related to mortgage banking activities are also recorded at fair value, as detailed under the heading "Derivative Financial Instruments," below. The Corporation determines fair value for its mortgage loans held for sale based on the price that secondary market investors would pay for loans with similar characteristics, including interest rate and term, as of the date fair value is measured. Changes in fair values during the period are recorded as components of mortgage banking income on the
consolidated statements of income. Interest income earned on mortgage loans held for sale is classified in interest income on the consolidated statements of income.
Loans
HTM Debt Securities: Expected credit losses on HTM debt securities would be recorded in the ACL on HTM debt securities. As of December 31, 2024, no HTM debt securities required an ACL as these investments consist solely of agency-guaranteed residential mortgage-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities.

AFS Debt Securities: The Bank's AFS rated debt securities are investment grade. In evaluating credit losses on debt securities, management considers factors such as the credit quality of the investments, the credit rating of the security, and the delinquency history of the security. As of December 31, 2024, no AFS debt securities required an ACL.
Loans: Loans are stated at amortized cost, except for mortgage loans held for sale, which are carried at fair value. Interest income on loans is accrued as earned.

In general, loans are placed on non-accrual status once they become 90 days delinquent as to principal or interest. In certain cases a loan may be placed on non-accrual status prior to being 90 days delinquent if there is an indication that the borrower is having difficulty making payments, or the Corporation believes it is probable that all amounts will not be collected according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. When interest accruals are discontinued, unpaid interest previously credited to income is reversed. Non-accrual loans may be restored to accrual status when all delinquent principal and interest has been paid currently for six consecutive months or the loan is considered adequately secured and in the process of collection. The Corporation generally applies payments received on non-accruing loans to principal until such time as the principal is paid off, after which time any payments received are recognized as interest income. If the Corporation believes that all amounts outstanding on a non-accrual loan will ultimately be collected, payments received subsequent to its classification as a non-accrual loan are allocated between interest income and principal.

A loan that is 90 days delinquent may continue to accrue interest if the loan is both adequately secured and is in the process of collection. Past due status is determined based on contractual due dates for loan payments. An adequately secured loan is one that has collateral with a supported fair value that is sufficient to discharge the debt, and/or has an enforceable guarantee from a financially responsible party. A loan is considered to be in the process of collection if collection is proceeding through legal action or through other activities that are reasonably expected to result in repayment of the debt or restoration to current status in the near future.

Loans deemed to be a loss are written off through a charge against the ACL. Closed-end consumer loans are generally charged- off when they become 120 days past due (180 days for open-end consumer loans) if they are not adequately secured by real estate. All other loans are evaluated for possible charge-off when it is probable that the balance will not be collected, based on the ability of the borrower to pay and the value of the underlying collateral, if any. Principal recoveries of loans previously charged-off are recorded as increases to the ACL.

Loan Origination Fees and Costs: Loan origination fees and the related direct origination costs are deferred and amortized over the life of the loan as an adjustment to interest income using the effective yield method. For mortgage loans sold, net loan origination fees and costs are included in the gain or loss on sale of the related loan, as components of mortgage banking.

Loan Modifications: Loans are accounted for and reported as modified when, for economic or legal reasons, the Corporation grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty that it would not otherwise consider. Concessions, whether negotiated or imposed by bankruptcy, granted under a loan modification typically involve a more than insignificant deferral of scheduled loan payments, an extension of a loan's stated maturity date, a reduction in the interest rate or a forgiveness of principal.

Because the effect of most modifications made to loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the ACL, a change to the ACL is generally not recorded upon modification. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amortized cost basis of the forgiven portion of the loan is written off against the ACL.

Allowance for Credit Losses:

The Corporation follows ASU 2016-13 Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (ASC Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The measurement of expected credit losses under CECL is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loans and HTM debt securities. It also applies to OBS credit exposures, such as loan commitments, standby letters of credit, financial guarantees, and other similar instruments, and net investments in leases recognized by a lessor in accordance with ASC Topic 842.

The Corporation has elected to exclude accrued interest receivable from the measurement of its ACL. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, any outstanding accrued interest is reversed against interest income.

The ACL consists of loans evaluated collectively and individually for expected credit losses. The ACL represents an estimate of expected credit losses over the expected life of the loans as of the balance sheet date and is recorded as a reduction to net loans. The ACL is increased or decreased (when the provision for credit losses is negative) through the provision for credit losses and increased or decreased (when recoveries of loans previously charged off exceed loans charged off) by charge-offs, net of
recoveries. The reserve for OBS credit exposures includes estimated losses on unfunded loan commitments, letters of credit and other OBS credit exposures.

Loans: The ACL is an estimate of the expected losses to be realized over the life of the loans in the portfolio. The ACL is determined for two distinct categories of loans: (i) loans evaluated collectively for expected credit losses and (ii) loans evaluated individually for expected credit losses.

Loans Evaluated Collectively: Loans evaluated collectively for expected credit losses include accruing loans and non-accrual loans where the total commitment amount is less than $1 million. In determining the ACL, the Corporation uses three inputs to model the estimate. These inputs are the PD rate which estimates the likelihood that a borrower will be unable to meet its debt obligations, the LGD rate which estimates the percentage of an asset that is lost if a borrower defaults, and the EAD balance which estimates the gross exposure under a facility upon default. The PD models were developed based on historical default data. Both internal and external variables are evaluated in the process. The main internal variables are risk rating or delinquency history and indicators of default. The external variables are economic variables obtained from third-party forecasts.

The PD models are transition matrix models that utilize historical credit observations and incorporate economic forecasts to project future default rates using a linear regression methodology for each loan segment. The LGD model uses a vintage loss approach that estimates LGD rates based on the bank’s historical loss experience for each loan segment. The EAD incorporates a prepayment rate and applies the PD rates to estimate the projected exposure at default across the life of each loan. The ACL is calculated by applying the LGD to the EAD at each period across the life of each loan.

The ACL incorporates the Corporation’s historical credit observations, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that are based on the projected performance of specific economic variables that are statistically correlated with historical PD rates. The reasonable and supportable forecast extends to 24 months and reverts back to an average PD rate using a straight-line reversion methodology over a 12 month period.

The ACL is highly sensitive to the economic forecasts used to develop the reserve. As such, the calculation of the ACL is inherently subjective and requires management to exercise judgment.

The ACL may include qualitative adjustments intended to capture the impact of uncertainties not reflected in the quantitative models. In determining qualitative adjustments, management considers changes in national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and their impact on the lending environment, including underwriting standards and other factors affecting credit losses over the remaining life of each loan.

Loans Evaluated Individually: Loans evaluated individually for expected credit losses include loans on non-accrual status where the commitment amount equals or exceeds $1.0 million. The required ACL for such loans is determined using the present value of expected future cash flows, observable market price or the fair value of collateral.

Loans evaluated individually may have specific allocations of the ACL assigned if the measured value of the loan using one of the noted techniques is less than its current carrying value. For loans measured using the fair value of collateral, if the analysis determines that sufficient collateral value would be available for repayment of the debt, then no allocations would be assigned to those loans. Collateral could be in the form of real estate or business assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory, in the case of commercial and industrial loans. Commercial and industrial loans may also be secured by real estate.

For loans secured by real estate, estimated fair values are determined primarily through appraisals performed by third-party appraisers, discounted to arrive at expected net sale proceeds. For collateral-dependent loans, estimated real estate fair values are also net of estimated selling costs. When a real estate secured loan is impaired, a decision is made regarding whether an updated appraisal of the real estate is necessary. This decision is based on various considerations, including: the age of the most recent appraisal; the loan-to-value ratio based on the original appraisal; the condition of the property; the Corporation's experience and knowledge of the real estate market; the purpose of the loan; market factors; payment status; the strength of any guarantors; and the existence and age of other indications of value such as broker price opinions, among others. The Corporation generally obtains updated appraisals performed by third-party appraisers for impaired loans secured predominantly by real estate every 12 months.

When updated appraisals are not obtained for loans secured by real estate, fair values are estimated based on the original appraisal values, as long as the original appraisal indicated an acceptable loan-to-value position and there has not been a significant deterioration in the collateral value since the original appraisal was performed.
For loans with principal balances greater than or equal to $1.0 million secured by non-real estate collateral, such as accounts receivable or inventory, estimated fair values are determined based on borrower financial statements, inventory listings, accounts receivable agings or borrowing base certificates provided by the borrower. Indications of value from these sources are generally discounted based on the age of the financial information or the quality of the assets. Liquidation or collection discounts are applied to these assets based upon existing loan evaluation policies.

Management regularly reviews loans in the portfolio to assess credit quality indicators and to determine appropriate loan classification. For commercial loans, commercial mortgages and construction loans to commercial borrowers, an internal risk rating process is used. The Corporation believes that internal risk ratings are the most relevant credit quality indicator for these types of loans. The migration of loans through the various internal risk rating categories is a significant component of the ACL methodology for these loans, which bases the PD on this migration. Assigning risk ratings involves judgment. Risk ratings may be changed based on ongoing monitoring procedures, or if specific loan review assessments identify a deterioration or an improvement in the loan.

The following is a summary of the Corporation's internal risk rating categories:

Pass: These loans do not currently pose undue credit risk and can range from the highest to average quality, depending on the degree of potential risk.
Special Mention: These loans have a heightened credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a classification of Substandard. Loans in this category are currently acceptable but, are nevertheless potentially weak.
Substandard or Lower: These loans are inadequately protected by current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower. There exists a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the normal repayment of the debt.

The Corporation considers risk factors such as: local and national economic conditions; trends in delinquencies and non-accrual loans; the diversity of borrower industry types; and the composition of the portfolio by loan type.

OBS Credit Exposures: The reserve for OBS credit exposures is recorded in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, and represents management's estimate of expected losses in its unfunded loan commitments and other OBS credit exposures. The reserve for OBS credit exposures specific to unfunded commitments is determined by estimating future draws and applying the expected loss rates on those draws. Future draws are based on historical averages of utilization rates (i.e., the likelihood of draws taken). The reserve for OBS credit exposures is increased or decreased by charges or reductions to expense, through the provision for credit losses.
Premises and Equipment
Premises and Equipment: Premises and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. The provision for depreciation and amortization is generally computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, which are a maximum of 50 years for buildings and improvements, 8 years for furniture and 7 years for equipment. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life or the non-cancelable lease term.
Premises and equipment acquired in a business combination are initially recorded at fair value and subsequently carried at cost less depreciation and amortization.
Other Real Estate Owned
OREO: Assets acquired in settlement of mortgage loan indebtedness are recorded as OREO and are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets, initially at the lower of the estimated fair value of the asset, less estimated selling costs, or the carrying amount of the loan. Costs to maintain the assets and subsequent gains and losses on sales are included in other non-interest expense on the consolidated statements of income.
Mortgage Servicing Rights
MSRs: The estimated fair value of MSRs related to residential mortgage loans sold and serviced by the Corporation is recorded as an asset upon the sale of such loans. MSRs are amortized as a reduction to mortgage servicing income, included as a component of mortgage banking income on the consolidated statements of income, over the estimated lives of the underlying loans.
MSRs are stratified and evaluated for impairment by comparing each stratum's carrying amount to its estimated fair value. Fair values are determined through a discounted cash flows valuation completed by a third-party valuation expert. Significant inputs to the valuation include expected net servicing income, the discount rate and the expected lives of the underlying loans. Expected life is based on the contractual terms of the loans, as adjusted for prepayment projections. To the extent the amortized cost of the MSRs exceeds their estimated fair value, a valuation allowance is established through a charge against servicing income. If subsequent valuations indicate that impairment no longer exists, the valuation allowance is reduced through an increase to servicing income.
Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative Financial Instruments: The Corporation manages its exposure to certain interest rate risk through the use of derivatives. Certain of the Corporation's outstanding derivative contracts are designated as hedges, and none are entered into for speculative purposes. The Corporation enters into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain of its risks, even if hedge accounting does not apply or the Corporation elects not to apply hedge accounting.

The Corporation records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Corporation has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. The Corporation does not have any derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges where hedge accounting is applied, changes in fair value are recognized in OCI, net of tax. For derivatives where hedge accounting does not apply, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings as components of non-interest income or non-interest expense on the consolidated statements of income.

Derivative contracts create counterparty credit risk with both the Corporation's customers and with institutional derivative counterparties. The Corporation manages counterparty credit risk through its credit approval processes, monitoring procedures and obtaining adequate collateral, when the Corporation determines it is appropriate to do so and in accordance with counterparty contracts.

For each of the derivatives, gross derivative assets and liabilities are recorded in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets. Related gains and losses on these derivative instruments are recorded in other changes, net on the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Mortgage Banking Derivatives

In connection with its mortgage banking activities, the Corporation enters into commitments to originate certain fixed-rate residential mortgage loans for customers, also referred to as interest rate locks. In addition, the Corporation enters into forward commitments for the future sales or purchases of mortgage-backed securities to or from third-party counterparties to hedge the effect of changes in interest rates on the values of both the interest rate locks and mortgage loans held for sale. Forward sales commitments may also be in the form of commitments to sell individual mortgage loans at a fixed price at a future date. The amount necessary to settle each interest rate lock is based on the price that secondary market investors would pay for loans with similar characteristics, including interest rate and term, as of the date fair value is measured.

Interest Rate Derivatives - Non-Designated Hedges

The Corporation enters into interest rate derivatives with certain qualifying commercial loan customers to meet their interest rate risk management needs. The Corporation simultaneously enters into interest rate derivatives with dealer counterparties, with identical notional amounts and terms. The net result of these interest rate derivatives is that the customer pays a fixed rate of interest and the Corporation receives a floating rate. As the interest rate derivatives associated with this program do not meet hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the customer derivatives and the offsetting derivatives are recognized directly in earnings.

The Corporation's existing OBS credit exposures result from participation in interest rate derivatives provided by external lenders as part of loan participation arrangements and, therefore, are not used to manage interest rate risk in the Corporation's assets or liabilities.

The Corporation is required to clear all eligible interest rate derivative contracts with a clearing agent and is subject to the regulations of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Corporation's objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to reduce volatility in net interest income and interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, the Corporation primarily uses interest rate derivatives as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. The Corporation enters into interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges to hedge the variable cash flows associated with existing floating rate loans and borrowings.
For derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, the unrealized gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in OCI, net of tax, and subsequently reclassified into interest income or interest expense in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Amounts reported in OCI related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest income or interest expense as interest payments are made on the Corporation's variable-rate loans and borrowings.

Foreign Exchange Contracts
The Corporation enters into foreign exchange contracts to accommodate the needs of its customers. Foreign exchange contracts are commitments to buy or sell foreign currency on a specific date at a contractual price. The Corporation limits its foreign exchange exposure with customers by entering into contracts with institutional counterparties to mitigate its foreign exchange risk. The Corporation also holds certain amounts of Foreign Currency Nostro Accounts. The Corporation limits the total overnight net foreign currency open positions, which is defined as an aggregate of all outstanding contracts, to $0.5 million.
Balance Sheet Offsetting
Balance Sheet Offsetting: Certain financial assets and liabilities may be eligible for offset on the consolidated balance sheets because they are subject to master netting arrangements or similar agreements. The Corporation has elected to net its financial assets and liabilities designated as cash flow hedges when offsetting is permitted. The Corporation has elected not to offset the remaining assets and liabilities subject to such arrangements on the consolidated financial statements.

The Corporation is a party to interest rate derivatives with financial institution counterparties and customers. Under these agreements, the Corporation has the right to net-settle multiple contracts with the same counterparty in the event of default on, or termination of, any one contract. Cash collateral is posted by the party with a net liability position in accordance with contract thresholds and can be used to settle the fair value of the interest rate derivatives in the event of default. A daily settlement occurs through a clearing agent for changes in the fair value of centrally cleared derivatives. Not all derivatives are required to be cleared through a daily clearing agent. As a result, the total fair values of interest rate derivative assets and derivative liabilities recognized on the consolidated balance sheets are not equal and offsetting.
The Corporation is also a party to foreign exchange contracts with financial institution counterparties under which the Corporation has the right to net-settle multiple contracts with the same counterparty in the event of default on, or termination of, any one contract. As with interest rate derivatives, cash collateral is posted by the party with a net liability position in accordance with contract thresholds and can be used to settle the fair value of the foreign exchange contracts in the event of default.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes: The Corporation utilizes the asset and liability method in accounting for income taxes. Under this method, DTAs and deferred tax liabilities are determined based upon the difference between the values of the assets and liabilities as reflected in the financial statements and their related tax basis using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to be recovered or settled. As changes in tax law or rates are enacted, DTAs and deferred tax liabilities are adjusted through income tax expense. In assessing the realizability of DTAs, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the DTAs will not be realized. The ultimate realization of DTAs is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income and tax planning strategies which will create taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, the amount of taxes paid in available carryback years, projected future taxable income, and, if necessary, tax planning strategies in making this assessment. A valuation allowance is provided against DTAs unless it is more likely than not that such DTAs will be realized.

ASC Topic 740, "Income Taxes" creates a single model to address uncertainty in tax positions, and clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise's financial statements by prescribing the minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in an enterprise's financial statements. It also provides guidance on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. The liability for unrecognized tax benefits is included in other liabilities within the consolidated balance sheets.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-Based Compensation: The Corporation grants equity awards to employees, consisting of restricted stock, RSUs and PSUs under its Employee Equity Plan. In addition, employees may purchase stock under the Corporation's ESPP.

The Corporation also grants equity awards to non-employee members of its Board of Directors and Fulton Bank's Board of Directors under the Directors' Plan. Under the Directors' Plan, the Corporation can grant equity awards to non-employee
holding company and subsidiary bank directors in the form of restricted stock, RSUs or common stock. Recent grants of equity awards under the Directors' Plan have been limited to RSUs.

Equity awards issued under the Employee Equity Plan are generally granted annually and become fully vested over or after a three-year vesting period. The vesting period for non-performance-based awards represents the period during which employees are required to provide service in exchange for such awards. Equity awards under the Directors' Plan are generally granted annually and fully vest after a one-year vesting period. Certain events, as defined in the Employee Equity Plan and the Directors' Plan, result in the acceleration of the vesting of equity awards. Restricted stock, RSUs and PSUs earn dividends during the vesting period, which are forfeitable if the awards do not vest.

The fair value of stock options, restricted stock and RSUs granted to employees or directors is recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period for such awards. Compensation expense for PSUs is also recognized over the vesting period and service period, however, compensation expense for PSUs may vary based on the expectations for actual performance relative to defined performance measures.
The fair value of restricted stock, RSUs and a majority of PSUs are based on the trading price of the Corporation's stock on the date of grant. The fair value of certain PSUs are estimated through the use of the Monte Carlo valuation methodology as of the date of grant.
Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information: Fulton Financial Corporation is a single segment. The Corporation's Chief Operating Decision Maker reviews consolidated results on a GAAP basis.
Financial Guarantees
Financial Guarantees: Financial guarantees, which consist primarily of standby and commercial letters of credit, are accounted for by recognizing a liability equal to the fair value of the guarantees and crediting the liability to income over the term of the guarantee. Fair value is estimated based on the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements with similar terms.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill and Intangible Assets: The Corporation accounts for its acquisitions using the purchase accounting method. Purchase accounting requires that all assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including certain intangible assets that must be recognized, be recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Any purchase price exceeding the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Any purchase price lower than the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as a gain on acquisition, net of tax.

Goodwill is not amortized to expense, but is evaluated for impairment at least annually. Write-downs of the balance, if necessary as a result of the impairment test, are charged to expense in the period in which goodwill is determined to be impaired. The Corporation performs its annual assessment of goodwill impairment in the fourth quarter of each year. If certain events occur which indicate goodwill might be impaired between annual assessments, goodwill would be evaluated when such events occur.
Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated lives. Some intangible assets have indefinite lives and are, therefore, not amortized. All intangible assets must be evaluated for impairment if certain events occur. Any impairment write-downs are recognized as non-interest expense on the consolidated statements of income.
Variable Interest Entities
VIEs: ASC Topic 810 provides guidance on when to consolidate certain VIEs in the financial statements of the Corporation. VIEs are entities in which equity investors do not have a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance activities without additional financial support from other parties. VIEs are assessed for consolidation under ASC Topic 810 when the Corporation holds variable interests in these entities. The Corporation consolidates VIEs when it is deemed to be the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is determined to be the party that has the power to make decisions that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIE and has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that in either case could potentially be significant to the VIE.

The Corporation makes investments in certain community development projects, the majority of which generate tax credits under various federal programs, including TCIs. These investments are made throughout the Corporation's market area as a means of supporting the communities it serves. The Corporation typically acts as a limited partner or member of a limited liability company in its TCIs and does not exert control over the operating or financial policies of the partnership or limited liability company. Tax credits earned are subject to recapture by federal taxing authorities based upon compliance requirements to be met at the project level.
Because the Corporation owns 100% of the equity interests in its NMTC investments, these investments were consolidated based on ASC Topic 810 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Investments in affordable housing projects were not consolidated based on management's assessment of the provisions of ASC Topic 810.
TCIs are tested for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the carrying amount of the investment will not be realized. An impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the current carrying value exceeds its aggregated remaining value of the tax benefits of the investment. There were no impairment losses recognized for the Corporation's TCIs in 2024, 2023 or 2022.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements: Assets and liabilities are categorized in a fair value hierarchy for the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value using the following three categories (from highest to lowest priority):

Level 1 - Inputs that represent quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level 2 - Inputs that represent quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, or quoted prices for identical instruments in non-active markets. Also included are valuation techniques whose inputs are derived principally from observable market data other than quoted prices, such as interest rates or other market-corroborated means.
Level 3 - Inputs that are largely unobservable, as little or no market data exists for the instrument being valued.
The Corporation has categorized all assets and liabilities required to be measured at fair value on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis into the above three levels.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition: The sources of revenue for the Corporation are interest income from loans, leases and investments and non-interest income. Non-interest income is earned from various banking and financial services that the Corporation offers through its subsidiaries. Revenue is recognized as earned based on contractual terms, as transactions occur, or as services are provided. Following is further detail of the various types of revenue the Corporation earns and when it is recognized:

Interest income: Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis according to loan and lease agreements, investment securities contracts or other written contracts.

Wealth management services: Consists of income from trust commissions, brokerage, money market and insurance commissions. Trust commissions consist of advisory fees that are based on market values of clients' managed portfolios and transaction fees for fiduciary services performed, both of which are recognized when earned. Brokerage income includes advisory fees which are recognized when earned on a monthly basis and transaction fees that are recognized when transactions occur. Money market income is based on the balances held in trust accounts and is recognized monthly. Insurance commissions are earned and recognized when policies are originated. Currently, no investment management and trust service income is based on performance or investment results.

Commercial and consumer banking income: Consists of cash management, overdraft and other service charges on deposit accounts as well as branch fees, ATM fees, debit and credit card income and merchant services fees. Also included are letter of credit fees, foreign exchange income and interest rate derivative fees. Revenue is primarily transactional and recognized when earned at the time the transactions occur.

Mortgage banking income: Consists of gains or losses on the sale of residential mortgage loans and mortgage loan servicing income.
Other Income: Includes gains on sales of SBA loans, cash surrender value of life insurance, and other miscellaneous income.
Leases
Leases: All leases with an initial term greater than 12 months recognize: (1) a ROU asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee's right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term; and (2) a lease liability, which is a lessee's obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, each measured on a discounted basis. The Corporation elected to not separate lease and non-lease components.

As a lessee, the majority of the operating lease portfolio consists of real estate leases for the Corporation's financial centers, land and office space. The operating leases have remaining lease terms of 1 year to 20 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for 5 years or more. ROU assets and lease liabilities are not recognized for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less.
Certain real estate leases have lease payments that adjust based on annual changes in the CPI or at a stated contractual rate. The leases that are dependent upon the CPI or stated contractual rate are initially measured using the CPI or contractual rate at the commencement date and are included in the measurement of the lease liability.

Operating lease expense represents fixed lease payments for operating leases recognized on a straight-line basis over the applicable lease term. Variable lease expense represents expenses such as the payment of real estate taxes, insurance and common area maintenance based on the Corporation's pro-rata share.
Sublease income consists mostly of operating leases for space within the Corporation's offices and financial centers and is recorded as a reduction to net occupancy expense on the consolidated statements of income.
Defined Benefit Pension Plans Defined Benefit Plan: Net periodic pension costs are funded based on the requirements of federal laws and regulations. The determination of net periodic pension costs is based on assumptions about future events that will affect the amount and timing of required benefit payments under the plan. These assumptions include demographic assumptions such as retirement age and mortality, a discount rate used to determine the current benefit obligation, form of payment election and a long-term expected rate of return on plan assets. Net periodic pension expense includes interest cost, based on the assumed discount rate, an expected return on plan assets, amortization of prior service cost or credit and amortization of net actuarial gains or losses. The Corporation curtailed the Pension Plan in 2008, with no additional benefits accruing. In connection with the Merger, the Corporation assumed the obligations of Prudential Bancorp under a multiemployer defined benefit pension plan that had previously been closed to new Prudential Bancorp participants. Net periodic pension cost is recognized in salaries and employee benefits on the consolidated statements of income.
Business Combinations Policy
Business Combinations: Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Under the acquisition method, identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured at fair value as of the acquisition date. The difference between the purchase price and the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill, unless the acquisition is a bargain purchase. Results of the operations of the acquired entity are included in the consolidated statement of income from the acquisition date. Acquisition costs are expensed as incurred.
Other Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In June 2022, FASB issued ASU 2022-03 Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions ("ASU 2022-03"). This update clarifies how the fair value of equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions is determined and requires additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures for equity securities with contractual sale restrictions. The Corporation adopted ASU 2022-03 on January 1, 2024, and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-01 Leases (Topic 842): Common Control Arrangements ("ASU 2023-01"). This update clarifies guidance for leases between related parties under common control. The Corporation adopted ASU 2023-01 on January 1, 2024, and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-07 Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"). This update requires public entities with reportable segments to provide additional and more detailed disclosures. The Corporation adopted ASU 2023-07 on December 15, 2024, and it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In December 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-08 Intangibles Goodwill and Other - Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60): Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets ("ASU 2023-08"). This update provides guidance for crypto assets to be carried at fair value and requires additional disclosures. The Corporation will adopt ASU 2023-08 on January 1, 2025. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-08 to have an impact on its consolidated financial statements. The Corporation currently does not hold crypto assets.

In December 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures ("ASU 2023-09"). This update requires companies to disclose specific categories in the income tax rate reconciliation and requires additional information for certain reconciling items. The Corporation will adopt ASU 2023-09 on January 1, 2025. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In March 2024, FASB issued ASU 2024-01 Compensation Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards ("ASU 2024-01"). This update provides guidance for profits interest and similar awards. The Corporation will adopt ASU 2024-01 on January 1, 2025. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of ASU 2024-01 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2024, FASB issued ASU 2024-03 – Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) ("ASU 2024-03"). This update requires disaggregation of certain expenses in a note to the consolidated financial statements. The Corporation will adopt ASU 2024-03 on January 25, 2027. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of ASU 2024-03 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2024, FASB issued ASU 2024-04 – Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments ("ASU 2024-04"). This update clarifies the requirements for determining whether settlement of convertible debt should be accounted for as induced conversion. The Corporation will adopt ASU 2024-04 on January 1, 2026. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of ASU 2024-04 to have an impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Reclassifications
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the 2023 consolidated financial statements and notes have been reclassified to conform to the 2024 presentation.
v3.25.0.1
Business Combinations (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]  
Schedule of Acquisitions
The following table summarizes the consideration transferred and the estimated fair values of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the Republic First Transaction:

Estimated Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Cash payment received from FDIC$809,920 
Assets acquired:
     Cash and due from banks208,451 
     Investment securities1,938,571 
     Loans2,495,810 
     Premises and equipment184 
     CDI92,600 
     FHLB Stock37,931 
     Accrued interest receivable16,164 
     Other assets10,179 
          Total assets 4,799,890 
Liabilities assumed:
     Deposits4,112,143 
Borrowings1,413,751 
Accrued interest payable33,444 
     Other liabilities2,641 
          Total liabilities5,561,979 
Net assets acquired:(762,089)
Gain on acquisition, before income taxes$47,831 
Gain on acquisition, net of income taxes$36,996 
The following table presents information with respect to the estimated fair value and unpaid principal balance of acquired loans at the Acquisition Date:

April 26, 2024
Unpaid Principal BalanceEstimated Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage$1,384,029 $1,234,409 
Commercial and industrial310,190 279,309 
Real-estate - residential mortgage947,144 752,331 
Real-estate - home equity90,882 84,369 
Real-estate - construction149,047 142,768 
Consumer2,638 2,624 
     Total acquired loans$2,883,930 $2,495,810 

The following table summarizes PCD Loans acquired in the Republic First Transaction as of the Acquisition Date:
April 26, 2024
(dollars in thousands)
Book balance of loans with deteriorated credit quality at acquisition$1,014,559 
Fair value of loans with deteriorated credit quality at acquisition895,588 
Fair value discount118,971 
PCD Loans credit discount(54,631)
Non-credit discount$64,340 
Schedule of Acquisition-Related Expenses
The following table details the costs identified and classified as acquisition-related expenses:

Year ended December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits$2,023 
Net occupancy10,085 
Professional fees11,439 
Charitable donationCharitable donation5,000 
Other9,088 
$37,635 
v3.25.0.1
Investment Securities (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Schedule of Amortized Cost and Fair Values of Investment Securities
The following tables present the amortized cost and estimated fair values of investment securities, as of December 31:

Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair
Value
 (dollars in thousands)
2024
Available for Sale
State and municipal securities$960,227 $106 $(145,446)$814,887 
Corporate debt securities313,681 1,123 (14,434)300,370 
Collateralized mortgage obligations798,157 4,629 (13,901)788,885 
Residential mortgage-backed securities1,029,846 30 (40,001)989,875 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities617,605  (100,723)516,882 
Total$3,719,516 $5,888 $(314,505)$3,410,899 
Held to Maturity
Residential mortgage-backed securities$537,856 $2 $(60,162)$477,696 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities857,713  (151,960)705,753 
Total $1,395,569 $2 $(212,122)$1,183,449 
2023
Available for Sale
U.S. Government securities$42,475 $— $(314)$42,161 
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities1,038 — (28)1,010 
State and municipal securities1,200,571 1,089 (129,647)1,072,013 
Corporate debt securities480,714 473 (40,636)440,551 
Collateralized mortgage obligations122,824 — (11,390)111,434 
Residential mortgage-backed securities223,273 (26,485)196,795 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities627,364 — (92,976)534,388 
   Total$2,698,259 $1,569 $(301,476)$2,398,352 
Held to Maturity
Residential mortgage-backed securities$407,075 $— $(51,805)$355,270 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities860,847 — (143,910)716,937 
Total $1,267,922 $— $(195,715)$1,072,207 
Schedule of Amortized Cost and Fair Values of Debt Securities by Contractual Maturities
The amortized cost and estimated fair values of debt securities as of December 31, 2024, by contractual maturity, are shown in the following table. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or borrowers may have the right to prepay with or without call or prepayment penalties.
Available for SaleHeld to Maturity
 Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair Value
Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Due in one year or less$15,672 $15,532 $— $— 
Due from one year to five years106,119 102,912 — — 
Due from five years to ten years309,940 294,656 — — 
Due after ten years842,177 702,157 — — 
1,273,908 1,115,257 — — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities(1)
1,029,846 989,875 537,856 477,696 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities(1)
617,605 516,882 857,713 705,753 
Collateralized mortgage obligations(1)
798,157 788,885 — — 
Total$3,719,516 $3,410,899 $1,395,569 $1,183,449 
(1) Maturities for mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are dependent upon the interest rate environment and prepayments on the underlying loans.
Summary of Gains and Losses on the Sales of Securities
The following table presents information related to gross gains and losses on the sales of securities for the years presented:
Gross Realized GainsGross Realized LossesNet Gains (Losses)
 (dollars in thousands)
2024$179 $(20,462)$(20,283)
2023283 (1,016)(733)
20221,587 (1,614)(27)
Gross Unrealized Losses and Fair Values of Investments by Category and Length of Time in Continuous Unrealized Loss Position
The following tables present the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair values of investments aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of December 31:

Less than 12 months12 Months or LongerTotal
Number of SecuritiesEstimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Number of SecuritiesEstimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
2024(dollars in thousands)
Available for Sale
State and municipal securities22 $53,026 $(1,692)272 $755,310 $(143,754)$808,336 $(145,446)
Corporate debt securities1 4,844 (13)47 264,099 (14,421)268,943 (14,434)
Collateralized mortgage obligations12 288,871 (3,463)77 85,485 (10,438)374,356 (13,901)
Residential mortgage-backed securities42 777,695 (9,178)69 174,284 (30,823)951,979 (40,001)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities1 19,291 (875)135 497,591 (99,848)516,882 (100,723)
Total available for sale78 $1,143,727 $(15,221)600 $1,776,769 $(299,284)$2,920,496 $(314,505)
Held to Maturity
Residential mortgage-backed securities7 $155,726 $(1,754)120 $303,220 $(58,408)$458,946 $(60,162)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities   60 705,753 (151,960)705,753 (151,960)
Total held to maturity7 $155,726 $(1,754)180 $1,008,973 $(210,368)$1,164,699 $(212,122)


Less than 12 months12 Months or LongerTotal
Number of SecuritiesEstimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Number of SecuritiesEstimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
2023(dollars in thousands)
Available for Sale
U.S. Government Securities— $— $— $42,161 $(314)$42,161 $(314)
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities— — — 1,010 (28)1,010 (28)
State and municipal securities40 76,155 (858)314 917,274 (128,789)993,429 (129,647)
Corporate debt securities42,945 (1,326)60 370,523 (39,310)413,468 (40,636)
Collateralized mortgage obligations— — — 93 111,434 (11,390)111,434 (11,390)
Residential mortgage-backed securities409 (3)69 195,453 (26,482)195,862 (26,485)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities26,907 (1,053)133 507,481 (91,923)534,388 (92,976)
Total available for sale56 $146,416 $(3,240)671 $2,145,336 $(298,236)$2,291,752 $(301,476)
Held to maturity
Residential mortgage-backed securities— $— $— 120 $355,270 $(51,805)$355,270 $(51,805)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities— — — 60 716,937 (143,910)716,937 (143,910)
Total held to maturity— $— $— 180 $1,072,207 $(195,715)$1,072,207 $(195,715)
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Summary of Loans and Leases, Net of Unearned Income
Loans and leases, net of unearned income are summarized as follows as of December 31:
20242023
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage$9,601,858 $8,127,728 
Commercial and industrial(1)
4,605,589 4,545,552 
Real-estate - residential mortgage6,349,643 5,325,923 
Real-estate - home equity1,160,616 1,047,184 
Real-estate - construction1,394,899 1,239,075 
Consumer616,856 729,318 
Leases and other loans(2)
315,458 336,314 
Net loans$24,044,919 $21,351,094 
(1) Includes no unearned income for December 31, 2024 and $41.0 thousand at December 31, 2023.
(2) Includes unearned income of $35.6 million and $38.0 million at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Schedule of Allowance for Credit Losses
The following table summarizes the ACL - loans balance and the reserve for OBS credit exposures balance as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:

20242023
(dollars in thousands)
ACL - loans $379,156 $293,404 
Reserve for OBS credit exposures(1)
$14,161 $17,254 
(1) Included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Activity in the Allowance for Credit Losses
The following table presents the activity in the ACL for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period$293,404 $269,366 $249,001 
CECL Day 1 Provision(1)
23,444 — 7,954 
Initial PCD allowance for credit losses54,631 — 1,135 
Loans charged off(54,429)(39,201)(21,472)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off9,984 10,129 14,092 
Net loans (charged off) recovered(44,445)(29,072)(7,380)
Provision for credit losses(1) (2)
52,122 53,110 18,656 
Balance at end of period$379,156 $293,404 $269,366 
Provision for OBS credit exposures(1)
$(3,930)$926 $1,411 
Reserve for OBS credit exposures$14,161 $17,254 $16,328 
The following table presents the activity in the ACL by portfolio segment:
Real Estate -
Commercial
Mortgage
Commercial and IndustrialReal Estate -
Residential
Mortgage
Consumer and Real Estate -
Home
Equity
Real Estate -
Construction
Leases and other loansTotal
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2022$69,456 $70,116 $83,250 $26,429 $10,743 $9,372 $269,366 
Loans charged off(17,999)(9,246)(62)(7,514)— (4,380)(39,201)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off1,076 3,473 421 3,198 858 1,103 10,129 
Net loans (charged off) recovered(16,923)(5,773)359 (4,316)858 (3,277)(29,072)
Provision for loan losses(1)(2)
60,032 9,923 (10,323)(4,509)694 (2,707)53,110 
Balance at December 31, 2023112,565 74,266 73,286 17,604 12,295 3,388 293,404 
CECL Day 1 Provision(1)
6,648 1,121 14,920 445 310  23,444 
Initial PCD allowance for credit losses41,559 10,463 565 357 1,687  54,631 
Loans charged off(13,186)(26,585)(1,472)(8,490) (4,696)(54,429)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off603 4,440 472 3,357 382 730 9,984 
Net loans (charged off) recovered(12,583)(22,145)(1,000)(5,133)382 (3,966)(44,445)
Provision for loan losses(1)(2)
9,992 28,507 (6,440)6,124 10,466 3,473 52,122 
Balance at December 31, 2024$158,181 $92,212 $81,331 $19,397 $25,140 $2,895 $379,156 
(1) These amounts are reflected in the provision for credit loss in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(2) Provision included in the table only includes the portion related to net loans.
The following table presents total non-accrual loans, by class segment:

20242023
With a Related AllowanceWithout a Related AllowanceTotalWith a Related AllowanceWithout a Related AllowanceTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage$31,654 $67,843 $99,497 $23,338 $21,467 $44,805 
Commercial and industrial17,011 25,206 42,217 12,410 27,542 39,952 
Real estate - residential mortgage23,387 2,013 25,400 18,806 2,018 20,824 
Real estate - home equity8,513 78 8,591 4,649 104 4,753 
Real estate - construction1,746  1,746 341 1,000 1,341 
Consumer8  8 52 — 52 
Leases and other loans1,801 10,033 11,834 9,255 638 9,893 
Total$84,120 $105,173 $189,293 $68,851 $52,769 $121,620 
Financing Receivable Credit Quality Indicators
The following table summarizes designated internal risk rating categories by portfolio segment and loan class, by origination year, in the current period:
December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands)
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans converted to Term Loans
AmortizedAmortized
20242023202220212020PriorCost BasisCost BasisTotal
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Pass$623,742 $898,296 $1,138,669 $1,316,000 $1,077,625 $3,414,138 $69,942 $9,646 $8,548,058 
Special Mention4,441 73,348 149,280 157,543 28,734 107,099 10,978 — 531,423 
Substandard or Lower4,831 44,665 102,952 95,617 75,097 193,922 1,380 3,913 522,377 
Total real estate - commercial mortgage633,014 1,016,309 1,390,901 1,569,160 1,181,456 3,715,159 82,300 13,559 9,601,858 
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Current period gross charge-offs— (126)(84)— — (12,950)— (26)(13,186)
Commercial and industrial
Pass435,917 486,720 512,622 261,603 268,194 684,931 1,375,201 6,346 4,031,534 
Special Mention9,928 8,333 19,931 18,888 4,844 58,632 117,940 313 238,809 
Substandard or Lower10,795 16,593 34,748 10,183 12,496 49,439 176,755 24,237 335,246 
Total commercial and industrial456,640 511,646 567,301 290,674 285,534 793,002 1,669,896 30,896 4,605,589 
Commercial and industrial
Current period gross charge-offs(612)(3,709)(2,560)(4,587)(317)(7,612)(3,553)(3,635)(26,585)
Real estate - construction(1)
Pass197,206 494,072 157,296 37,438 8,784 41,480 30,608 619 967,503 
Special Mention— 10,612 80,651 69,109 938 — — — 161,310 
Substandard or Lower— — 14,407 10,399 — 20,350 121 1,906 47,183 
Total real estate - construction197,206 504,684 252,354 116,946 9,722 61,830 30,729 2,525 1,175,996 
Real estate - construction(1)
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Total
Pass$1,256,865 $1,879,088 $1,808,587 $1,615,041 $1,354,603 $4,140,549 $1,475,751 $16,611 $13,547,095 
Special Mention14,369 92,293 249,862 245,540 34,516 165,731 128,918 313 931,542 
Substandard or Lower15,626 61,258 152,107 116,199 87,593 263,711 178,256 30,056 904,806 
Total$1,286,860 $2,032,639 $2,210,556 $1,976,780 $1,476,712 $4,569,991 $1,782,925 $46,980 $15,383,443 
(1) Excludes real estate - construction - other.


Total criticized and classified loans increased $911.4 million, or 98.5%, compared to December 31, 2023.


The increase of $454.6 million in special mention loans as of December 31, 2024 was primarily due to loans acquired in the Republic First Transaction with a balance of $350.4 million as of December 31, 2024. The increase of $456.8 million in substandard or lower loans as of December, 31, 2024 was partially due to loans acquired in the Republic First Transaction with a balance of $193.0 million as of December 31, 2024.
The following table summarizes designated internal risk rating categories by portfolio segment and loan class, by origination year, in the prior period:
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans converted to Term Loans
AmortizedAmortized
20232022202120202019PriorCost BasisCost BasisTotal
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Pass$783,673 $993,017 $1,203,852 $984,958 $721,857 $2,822,155 $59,253 $31,636 $7,600,401 
Special Mention2,767 43,904 105,185 7,862 35,289 105,786 1,760 — 302,553 
Substandard or Lower366 20,958 31,304 49,142 26,579 95,621 804 — 224,774 
Total real estate - commercial mortgage786,806 1,057,879 1,340,341 1,041,962 783,725 3,023,562 61,817 31,636 8,127,728 
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — (424)— (17,575)(17,999)
Commercial and industrial
Pass626,386 590,132 330,576 341,218 272,126 598,838 1,443,203 10,736 4,213,215 
Special Mention7,936 9,548 16,499 3,577 6,817 18,487 72,775 198 135,837 
Substandard or Lower247 25,184 4,611 3,843 18,988 31,663 105,230 6,734 196,500 
Total commercial and industrial634,569 624,864 351,686 348,638 297,931 648,988 1,621,208 17,668 4,545,552 
Commercial and industrial
Current period gross charge-offs— (299)— — — (249)(682)(8,016)(9,246)
Real estate - construction(1)
Pass322,922 258,080 261,583 37,426 9,510 34,097 13,677 — 937,295 
Special Mention— 12,622 25,898 — — — — — 38,520 
Substandard or Lower— 521 2,229 — 340 21,284 168 2,229 26,771 
Total real estate - construction322,922 271,223 289,710 37,426 9,850 55,381 13,845 2,229 1,002,586 
Real estate - construction(1)
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Total
Pass$1,732,981 $1,841,229 $1,796,011 $1,363,602 $1,003,493 $3,455,090 $1,516,133 $42,372 $12,750,911 
Special Mention10,703 66,074 147,582 11,439 42,106 124,273 74,535 198 476,910 
Substandard or Lower613 46,663 38,144 52,985 45,907 148,568 106,202 8,963 448,045 
Total$1,744,297 $1,953,966 $1,981,737 $1,428,026 $1,091,506 $3,727,931 $1,696,870 $51,533 $13,675,866 
(1) Excludes real estate - construction - other.
The following tables present the amortized cost of these loans based on payment activity, by origination year, for the periods shown:
December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands)
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans converted to Term Loans
AmortizedAmortized
20242023202220212020PriorCost BasisCost BasisTotal
Real estate - residential mortgage
Performing$470,918 $728,630 $1,515,521 $1,726,991 $1,022,116 $839,566 $— $— $6,303,742 
Nonperforming87 1,358 5,118 3,232 5,523 30,583 — — 45,901 
Total real estate - residential mortgage471,005 729,988 1,520,639 1,730,223 1,027,639 870,149 — — 6,349,643 
Real estate - residential mortgage
Current period gross charge-offs— (172)(106)(12)(43)(888)— (251)(1,472)
Consumer and real estate - home equity
Performing178,722 116,370 211,647 65,412 48,201 188,442 913,920 40,384 1,763,098 
Nonperforming236 848 918 963 753 4,571 2,893 3,192 14,374 
Total consumer and real estate - home equity178,958 117,218 212,565 66,375 48,954 193,013 916,813 43,576 1,777,472 
Consumer and real estate - home equity
Current period gross charge-offs(118)(1,016)(1,552)(790)(398)(2,704)(75)(1,837)(8,490)
Leases and other loans
Performing123,991 89,006 52,724 16,894 10,830 9,996 — — 303,441 
Nonperforming— — 1,922 744 23 9,328 — — 12,017 
Total leases and other loans123,991 89,006 54,646 17,638 10,853 19,324 — — 315,458 
Leases and other loans
Current period gross charge-offs(1,977)(913)(335)(334)(192)(770)— (175)(4,696)
Construction - other
Performing138,440 61,848 15,710 1,499 — — — — 217,497 
Nonperforming— — 1,406 — — — — — 1,406 
Total construction - other138,440 61,848 17,116 1,499 — — — — 218,903 
Construction - other
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Total
Performing$912,071 $995,854 $1,795,602 $1,810,796 $1,081,147 $1,038,004 $913,920 $40,384 $8,587,778 
Nonperforming323 2,206 9,364 4,939 6,299 44,482 2,893 3,192 73,698 
Total$912,394 $998,060 $1,804,966 $1,815,735 $1,087,446 $1,082,486 $916,813 $43,576 $8,661,476 
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination YearRevolving LoansRevolving Loans converted to Term Loans
AmortizedAmortized
20232022202120202019PriorCost BasisCost BasisTotal
Real estate - residential mortgage
Performing$623,247 $1,126,656 $1,682,759 $984,050 $260,049 $607,133 $— $— $5,283,894 
Nonperforming— 1,720 4,888 4,701 6,233 24,487 — — 42,029 
Total real estate - residential mortgage623,247 1,128,376 1,687,647 988,751 266,282 631,620 — — 5,325,923 
Real estate - residential mortgage
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — — — (62)(62)
Consumer and real estate - home equity
Performing272,571 276,373 85,985 62,426 37,667 204,913 805,645 20,044 1,765,624 
Nonperforming295 455 866 282 354 5,526 1,439 1,661 10,878 
Total consumer and real estate - home equity272,866 276,828 86,851 62,708 38,021 210,439 807,084 21,705 1,776,502 
Consumer and real estate - home equity loans
Current period gross charge-offs(119)— — — — (525)(283)(6,587)(7,514)
Leases and other loans
Performing166,490 83,641 27,755 22,304 16,246 9,867 — — 326,303 
Nonperforming— 118 — — — 9,893 — — 10,011 
Total leases and other166,490 83,759 27,755 22,304 16,246 19,760 — — 336,314 
Leases and other loans
Current period gross charge-offs(471)(521)(246)(128)(82)(656)(765)(1,511)(4,380)
Construction - other
Performing127,382 93,319 13,698 555 — — — — 234,954 
Nonperforming— 1,535 — — — — — — 1,535 
Total construction - other127,382 94,854 13,698 555 — — — — 236,489 
Construction - other
Current period gross charge-offs— — — — — — — — — 
Total
Performing$1,189,690 $1,579,989 $1,810,197 $1,069,335 $313,962 $821,913 $805,645 $20,044 $7,610,775 
Nonperforming295 3,828 5,754 4,983 6,587 39,906 1,439 1,661 64,453 
Total$1,189,985 $1,583,817 $1,815,951 $1,074,318 $320,549 $861,819 $807,084 $21,705 $7,675,228 
Non-Performing Assets
The following table presents non-performing assets:
December 31,
2024
December 31,
2023
 (dollars in thousands)
Non-accrual loans$189,293 $121,620 
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing30,781 31,721 
Total non-performing loans220,074 153,341 
OREO(1)
2,621 896 
Total non-performing assets$222,695 $154,237 
(1) Excludes $17.5 million and $10.9 million of residential mortgage properties for which formal foreclosure proceeding were in process as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Aging of Amortized Cost Basis of Loans, by Class Segment
The following tables present the aging of the amortized cost basis of loans, by class segment:
30-5960-89≥ 90 Days
Days PastDays PastPast Due Non-
DueDueand AccruingAccrualCurrentTotal
(dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2024
Real estate - commercial mortgage$32,715 $16,684 $2,862 $99,497 $9,450,100 $9,601,858 
Commercial and industrial(1)
6,031 3,636 1,460 42,217 4,552,245 4,605,589 
Real estate - residential mortgage59,593 5,946 20,501 25,400 6,238,203 6,349,643 
Real estate - home equity6,778 1,057 4,758 8,591 1,139,432 1,160,616 
Real estate - construction3,549 5,163  1,746 1,384,441 1,394,899 
Consumer6,779 1,627 1,017 8 607,425 616,856 
Leases and other loans(1)
269 105 183 11,834 303,067 315,458 
Total$115,714 $34,218 $30,781 $189,293 $23,674,913 $24,044,919 
(1) Includes unearned income.
30-59 Days Past
Due
60-89
Days Past
Due
≥ 90 Days
Past Due
and
Accruing
Non-
accrual
CurrentTotal
(dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2023
Real estate - commercial mortgage$4,408 $1,341 $1,722 $44,805 $8,075,452 $8,127,728 
Commercial and industrial(1)
5,620 1,656 1,068 39,952 4,497,256 4,545,552 
Real estate - residential mortgage49,145 10,838 21,205 20,824 5,223,911 5,325,923 
Real estate - home equity8,142 2,075 5,326 4,753 1,026,888 1,047,184 
Real estate - construction4,185 451 1,535 1,341 1,231,563 1,239,075 
Consumer8,361 1,767 747 52 718,391 729,318 
Leases and other loans(1)
146 722 118 9,893 325,435 336,314 
Total$80,007 $18,850 $31,721 $121,620 $21,098,896 $21,351,094 
(1) Includes unearned income.
Financing Receivables, Loan Modifications
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of the loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, disaggregated by class of financing receivable and type of concession granted:

Term Extension
20242023
Amortized Cost Basis% of Class of Financing ReceivableAmortization Cost Basis% of Class of Financing Receivable
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage$20,501 0.21 %$2,944 0.04 %
Commercial and industrial3,913 0.08 11,970 0.26 
Real estate - residential mortgage11,604 0.18 8,182 0.15 
Real estate - home equity379 0.03   
Real estate - construction595 0.04   
Total$36,992 $23,096 

Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension
20242023
Amortized Cost Basis% of Class of Financing ReceivableAmortization Cost Basis% of Class of Financing Receivable
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - residential mortgage$2,365 0.04 %$910 0.02 %
Total$2,365 $910 
The following table presents the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty:

Term Extension
Financial Effect
2024
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Added a weighted-average 1.99 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Commercial and industrial
Added a weighted-average 0.67 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Real estate - residential mortgage
Added a weighted-average 8.98 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Real estate - home equity
Added a weighted-average 14.30 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Real estate - construction
Added a weighted-average 0.67 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
2023
Real estate - commercial mortgage
Added a weighted-average 1.22 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Commercial and industrial
Added a weighted-average 0.92 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.
Real estate - residential mortgage
Added a weighted-average 8.10 years to the life of loans, which reduced monthly payment amounts for the borrowers.

Interest Rate Reduction
Financial Effect
2024
Real estate - residential mortgage
Reduced weighted-average interest rate from 2.35% to 1.40%
2023
Real estate - residential mortgage
Reduced weighted-average interest rate from 3.76% to 2.30%
The following table presents the performance of loans that have been modified due to financial difficulty in the previous 12 months.
30-8990+Total
Days PastPast DuePast
CurrentDueand AccruingDue
(dollars in thousands)
Real estate - commercial mortgage$16,321 $123 $— $123 
Commercial and industrial3,913    
Real estate - residential mortgage11,448 1,918 642 2,560 
Real estate - home equity379    
Real estate - construction595    
Total$32,656 $2,041 $642 $2,683 
v3.25.0.1
Premises and Equipment (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Summary of Premises and Equipment
The following is a summary of premises and equipment as of December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Land$36,080 $39,742 
Buildings and improvements310,786 365,744 
Furniture and equipment173,778 161,244 
Construction in progress4,872 12,313 
Total premises and equipment525,516 579,043 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(329,989)(356,162)
Net premises and equipment$195,527 $222,881 

The $58.6 million decrease in land and buildings and improvements was primarily due to $73.5 million of asset disposals in the Sale-Leaseback Transaction, partially offset by $21.7 million of land and buildings and improvements purchased as part of the Republic First Transaction in the fourth quarter of 2024. The $73.5 million of premises and equipment disposals in the Sale-Leaseback Transaction included $42.5 million of related accumulated depreciation for a net disposal amount of $31.0 million.
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Servicing Rights (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]  
Summary of Changes in Mortgage Servicing Rights
The following table summarizes the changes in MSRs, which are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets, with adjustments to the carrying value included in mortgage banking income on the consolidated statements of income:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Amortized cost:
Balance at beginning of period$31,602 $34,217 $35,993 
Originations of MSRs3,758 2,475 4,067 
Amortization(4,669)(5,090)(5,843)
Balance at end of period$30,691 $31,602 $34,217 
Valuation allowance:
Balance at beginning of period$ $— $(600)
Reduction (addition) to valuation allowance — 600 
Balance at end of period$ $— $— 
Net MSRs at end of period$30,691 $31,602 $34,217 
Estimated fair value of MSRs at end of period$53,972 $49,696 $50,044 
Schedule Of MSR Amortization Expense Estimated future MSRs
amortization expense, based on balances as of December 31, 2024, and the estimated remaining lives of the underlying loans, is as follows (dollars in thousands):
Year 
2025$3,509 
20263,169 
20272,856 
20282,577 
20292,331 
Thereafter16,249 
Total estimated amortization expense$30,691 
v3.25.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
The following table summarizes intangible assets, which are included in goodwill and net intangible assets on the consolidated balance sheets:
December 31,
20242023
(dollars in thousands)
Amortizing intangible assets$106,196 $13,596 
Accumulated amortization(24,085)(6,255)
Net intangibles$82,111 $7,341 
Net intangibles included CDI of $80.2 million and $4.9 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The CDI was recorded as part of the Republic First Transaction and the Merger and is being amortized over seven years using the sum-of-the-years' digits method.
The following table summarizes CDI amortization expense for each of the next five years and thereafter (dollars in thousands):
Year
2025$22,010 
202618,667 
202715,066 
202811,213 
20297,717 
Thereafter5,512 
Total$80,185 
v3.25.0.1
Deposits (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Deposits [Abstract]  
Schedule Of Deposits Liabilities
Deposits consisted of the following as of December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest-bearing demand$5,499,760 $5,314,094 
Interest-bearing demand7,843,604 5,722,695 
Savings and money market accounts7,792,114 6,616,901 
Total demand and savings21,135,478 17,653,690 
Brokered deposits843,857 1,144,692 
Time deposits4,150,098 2,739,241 
Total Deposits$26,129,433 $21,537,623 
Scheduled Maturities Of Time Deposits
The scheduled maturities of time deposits as of December 31, 2024 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
Year 
2025$3,801,297 
2026242,638 
202740,071 
202810,130 
202911,908 
Thereafter44,054 
Total $4,150,098 

Included in time deposits were certificates of deposit equal to or greater than $100,000 of $2.5 billion and $1.5 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Time deposits equal or greater than $250,000 were $1.0 billion and $551.2 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Borrowings Outstanding
Borrowings as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 and the related maximum amounts outstanding at the end of any month in each of the two years then ended are presented below.
 December 31Maximum Outstanding
2024202320242023
(dollars in thousands)
Federal funds purchased$ $240,000 $125,000 $862,000 
FHLB advances850,000 1,100,000 1,706,621 1,720,000 
Other borrowings:
Short-term promissory notes issued to customers and customer repurchase agreements563,831 611,304 625,829 646,439 
Other borrowings901 838 1,155 1,151 
Total other borrowings$564,732 
Schedule of Senior and Subordinated Debts
The following is included in senior and subordinated debt as of December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Subordinated debt$370,000 $538,778 
Unamortized discounts and issuance costs(2,684)(3,394)
Total senior debt and subordinated debt$367,316 $535,384 
Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt
The following table summarizes the scheduled maturities of senior and subordinated debt with an original maturity of one year or more as of December 31, 2024 (dollars in thousands):

Year 
2025$— 
2026— 
2027— 
2028— 
2029— 
Thereafter370,000 
Unamortized discounts and issuance costs(2,684)
Total$367,316 
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Summary of Notion Amounts and Fair Values of Derivative Financial Instruments
The following table presents a summary of notional amounts and fair values of derivative financial instruments as of December 31:
20242023
Notional
Amount
Asset
(Liability)
Fair Value
Notional
Amount
Asset
(Liability)
Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Interest Rate Locks with Customers
Positive fair values$171,933 $389 $119,558 $460 
Negative fair values3,888 (58)1,015 (2)
Forward Commitments
Positive fair values51,250 363 — — 
Negative fair values  42,000 (854)
Interest Rate Derivatives with Customers(1)
Positive fair values767,905 8,480 824,659 22,656 
Negative fair values3,976,294 (239,058)3,784,236 (222,530)
Interest Rate Derivatives with Dealer Counterparties
Positive fair values3,976,294 150,480 3,784,236 128,235 
Negative fair values767,905 (10,734)824,659 (23,023)
Interest Rate Derivatives used in Cash Flow Hedges
Positive fair values2,500,000 227 2,500,000 6,189 
Negative fair values1,400,000 (2,971)750,000 — 
Foreign Exchange Contracts with Customers
Positive fair values28,327 1,619 4,159 40 
Negative fair values693 (27)13,353 (446)
Foreign Exchange Contracts with Correspondent Banks
Positive fair values4,059 63 15,969 532 
Negative fair values32,406 (1,569)6,112 (31)
(1) Fair values are net of a valuation allowance of $366.3 thousand as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Summary of Effect of Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedge Accounting on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The following table presents the effect of cash flow hedge accounting on AOCI:
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Included ComponentAmount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Excluded ComponentLocation of Gain (Loss) Recognized from AOCI into IncomeAmount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Included ComponentAmount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Excluded Component
(dollars in thousands)
Year ended December 31, 2024
Interest Rate Products$(10,261)$(10,261)$ Interest Income$(29,899)$(29,899)$ 
Interest Rate Products11,025 11,025  Interest Expense6,446 6,446  
Total $764 $764 $ $(23,453)$(23,453)$ 
Year ended December 31, 2023
Interest Rate Products$19,598 $19,598 $— Interest Income$(27,546)$(27,546)$— 
Interest Rate Products(10,550)(10,550)— Interest Expense1,696 1,696 — 
Total$9,048 $9,048 $— $(25,850)$(25,850)$— 

The following table presents the effect of fair value and cash flow hedge accounting on the income statement for the year ended December 31:
Consolidated Statements of Income Classification
20242023
Interest IncomeInterest ExpenseInterest IncomeInterest Expense
(dollars in thousands)
Total amounts of income line items presented in the consolidated statements of income in which the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded$(29,899)$6,446 $(27,546)$1,696 
The effects of fair value and cash flow hedging:
Amount of gain or (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships  — — 
Interest contracts:
Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI into income(29,899)6,446 (27,546)1,696 
Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI into income as a result that a forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring  — — 
Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI into income - included component(29,899)6,446 (27,546)1,696 
Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI into income - excluded component  — — 
Summary of Fair Value Gains and Losses on Derivative Financial Instruments
The following table presents the fair value gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments for the years ended December 31:
 Consolidated Statements of Income Classification202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Mortgage banking derivatives(1)
Mortgage banking$1,090 $(380)$(2,360)
Interest rate derivativesOther income419 (1,855)— 
Foreign exchange contractsOther income(9)81 
Net fair value gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments$1,500 $(2,228)$(2,279)
(1) Includes interest rate locks with customers and forward commitments.
Summary of Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
The Corporation has elected to measure mortgage loans held for sale at fair value. The following table presents a summary of mortgage loans held for sale and the impact of the fair value election on the consolidated financial statements as of December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Amortized Cost (1)
$25,316 $14,792 
Fair value25,618 15,158 
(1) Cost basis of mortgage loans held for sale represents the unpaid principal balance.
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities The following table presents the Corporation's financial instruments that are eligible for offset, and the effects of offsetting, on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31:
Gross AmountsGross Amounts Not Offset
Recognized on the Consolidated
on theBalance Sheets
ConsolidatedFinancialCashNet
Balance Sheets
Instruments(1)
Collateral(2)
Amount
(dollars in thousands)
2024
Interest rate derivative assets$159,187 $(12,739)$ $146,448 
Foreign exchange derivative assets with correspondent banks63 (63)  
Total $159,250 $(12,802)$ $146,448 
Interest rate derivative liabilities$252,763 $(9,995)$(94,339)$148,429 
Foreign exchange derivative liabilities with correspondent banks1,569 (63) 1,506 
Total$254,332 $(10,058)$(94,339)$149,935 
2023
Interest rate derivative assets$157,080 $(15,154)$— $141,926 
Foreign exchange derivative assets with correspondent banks532 (532)— — 
Total$157,612 $(15,686)$— $141,926 
Interest rate derivative liabilities$245,553 $(21,343)$(93,841)$130,369 
Foreign exchange derivative liabilities with correspondent banks31 (532)— (501)
Total$245,584 $(21,875)$(93,841)$129,868 

(1) For interest rate derivative assets, amounts represent any derivative liability fair values that could be offset in the event of counterparty or customer default.
For interest rate derivative liabilities, amounts represent any derivative asset fair values that could be offset in the event of counterparty or customer default.
(2) Amounts represent cash collateral received from the counterparty or posted by the Corporation on interest rate derivative transactions and foreign
exchange contracts with financial institution counterparties. Interest rate derivatives with customers are collateralized by the same collateral securing the
underlying loans to those borrowers. Cash and securities collateral amounts are included in the table only to the extent of the net derivative fair values.

Cash Flow Hedge Terminations

On October 10, 2024, the Corporation terminated interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges with a combined notional amount of $250 million. As the hedged transaction continues to be probable, the unrealized losses will be recorded in AOCI and will be recognized as an increase to interest expense when the previously forecasted hedged items affect earnings in future periods. During the year ended December 31, 2024, $0.2 million of these unrealized losses were reclassified as an increase to interest expense on borrowings on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

In January 2023, the Corporation terminated interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges with a combined notional amount of $1.0 billion. As the hedged transaction continues to be probable, the unrealized losses that have been recorded in AOCI are recognized as reduction to interest income, including fees, when the previously forecasted hedged item affects earnings in future periods. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, $27.9 million and $22.1 million, respectively, of these unrealized losses have been reclassified as a reduction of interest income on loans, including fees, on the consolidated statements of income.
v3.25.0.1
Regulatory Matters (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Regulatory Matters [Abstract]  
Schedule of Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements he following tables present the Total risk-based, Tier I risk-based, Common Equity Tier I risk-based and Tier I leverage requirements under the Basel III Rules as of December 31:
2024
ActualFor Capital
Adequacy Purposes
Well Capitalized
  AmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatio
 (dollars in thousands)
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$3,544,021 14.3 %$1,986,754 8.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A.3,338,891 13.5 1,976,697 8.0 $2,470,871 10.0 %
Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$2,866,143 11.5 %$1,490,065 6.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A3,029,881 12.3 1,482,523 6.0 $1,976,697 8.0 %
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$2,673,265 10.8%$1,117,549 4.5 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A2,985,881 12.1 1,111,892 4.5 $1,606,066 6.5 %
Tier I Leverage Capital (to Average Assets):
Corporation$2,866,143 9.0%$1,269,248 4.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A3,029,881 9.6 1,265,809 4.0 $1,582,261 5.0 %
N/A - Not applicable as "well capitalized" applies to banks only.

2023
ActualFor Capital
Adequacy Purposes
Well Capitalized
AmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatio
(dollars in thousands)
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$3,184,496 14.0 %$1,817,712 8.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A.2,896,908 12.8 1,809,836 8.0 $2,262,295 10.0 %
Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$2,541,819 11.2 %$1,363,284 6.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A2,620,837 11.6 1,357,377 6.0 $1,809,836 8.0 %
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
Corporation$2,348,941 10.3%$1,022,463 4.5 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A2,576,837 11.4 1,018,033 4.5 $1,470,492 6.5 %
Tier I Leverage Capital (to Average Assets):
Corporation$2,541,819 9.5 %$1,072,189 4.0 %N/AN/A
Fulton Bank, N.A2,620,837 9.6 1,089,195 4.0 $1,361,494 5.0 %
N/A - Not applicable as "well capitalized" applies to banks only.
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
The components of income taxes are as follows:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Current tax expense:
Federal$66,817 $49,707 $44,478 
State12,256 11,137 6,906 
Total current tax expense79,073 60,844 51,384 
Deferred tax (benefit) expense:
Federal(20,248)3,021 8,974 
State(2,939)576 (324)
Total deferred tax (benefit) expense(23,187)3,597 8,650 
Total income tax expense$55,886 $64,441 $60,034 
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
The differences between the effective income tax rate and the federal statutory income tax rate are as follows:
202420232022
Statutory tax rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
Tax credit investments(0.3)(1.3)(2.0)
Tax-exempt income(4.3)(4.2)(3.5)
Bargain purchase gain(2.3)— — 
Bank owned life insurance(0.9)(0.8)(0.7)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit1.9 2.6 1.2 
Executive compensation0.1 0.3 0.3 
FDIC Premium0.8 0.5 0.3 
Other, net0.2 0.4 0.7 
Effective income tax rate16.2 %18.5 %17.3 %
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The net DTA recorded by the Corporation is included in other assets and consists of the following tax effects of temporary differences as of December 31:
20242023
(dollars in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Unrealized holding losses on securities$85,516 $90,671 
Allowance for credit losses90,148 71,013 
Lease liability34,921 21,570 
State loss carryforwards26,118 27,948 
Other accrued expenses16,142 11,082 
Deferred compensation11,138 10,215 
Intangible assets5,889 7,460 
Stock-based compensation5,458 5,129 
Tax credit carryforwards 4,995 
Other7,444 5,469 
Total gross deferred tax assets$282,774 $255,552 
Deferred tax liabilities:
Equipment lease financing45,644 47,345 
Right-of-use-asset31,960 20,022 
Acquisition premiums/discounts16,360 5,508 
MSRs6,952 7,158 
Postretirement and defined benefit plans5,560 3,438 
Tax credit investments2,033 1,747 
Premises and equipment736 1,678 
Total gross deferred tax liabilities$109,245 $86,896 
Net deferred tax asset, before valuation allowance173,529 168,656 
Valuation allowance(26,118)(27,948)
Net deferred tax asset$147,411 $140,708 
Summary of Changes in Unrecognized Tax Benefits
The following table summarizes the changes in unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of year$1,044 $1,228 $1,673 
Current period tax positions120 147 112 
Lapse of statute of limitations(104)(331)(557)
Balance at end of year$1,060 $1,044 $1,228 
Summary of TCIs and Related Unfunded Commitments
The following table presents the balances of the Corporation's TCIs and related unfunded commitments as of December 31:
20242023
Included in other assets:(dollars in thousands)
Affordable housing tax credit investments, net$211,572 $170,115 
Other tax credit investments, net29,649 35,907 
Total TCIs, net$241,221 $206,022 
Included in other liabilities:
Unfunded affordable housing tax credit commitments$84,572 $58,312 
Other tax credit liabilities24,109 28,361 
Total unfunded tax credit commitments and liabilities$108,681 $86,673 


The following table presents other information relating to the Corporation's TCIs for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
(dollars in thousands)
Components of income taxes:
Tax credits and benefits$(26,762)$(28,748)$(27,154)
Amortization of tax credits and benefits, net of tax benefits25,069 23,446 19,298 
Deferred tax expense559 610 766 
Total reduction in income tax expense$(1,134)$(4,692)$(7,090)
Amortization of TCIs:
Total amortization of TCIs$ $— $2,783 
v3.25.0.1
Net Income Per Common Share (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Reconciliation of Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding
A reconciliation of weighted average common shares outstanding used to calculate basic and diluted net income per share follows:
202420232022
 (in thousands)
Weighted average common shares outstanding (basic)175,523 165,241 164,119 
Impact of common stock equivalents1,700 1,528 1,353 
Weighted average common shares outstanding (diluted)177,223 166,769 165,472 
v3.25.0.1
Shareholders' Equity (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Abstract]  
Schedule of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table presents the components of OCI for the years ended December 31: 
Before-Tax AmountTax EffectNet of Tax Amount
(dollars in thousands)
2024
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities$(28,993)$6,568 $(22,425)
Reclassification adjustment for securities gains (losses) included in net income(1)
20,283 (4,594)15,689 
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS transferred to HTM(2)
7,251 (1,642)5,609 
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges764 (174)590 
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges23,453 (5,312)18,141 
Unrecognized pension and postretirement income9,411 (2,132)7,279 
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement items(3)
(541)119 (422)
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)$31,628 $(7,167)$24,461 
2023
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities$46,572 $(10,549)$36,023 
Reclassification adjustment for securities gains (losses) included in net income(1)
(733)166 (567)
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS transferred to HTM(2)
7,644 (1,731)5,913 
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges9,048 (2,050)6,998 
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges25,850 (5,855)19,995 
Unrecognized pension and postretirement income 6,162 (1,385)4,777 
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement items(3)
73 (16)57 
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)$94,616 $(21,420)$73,196 
2022
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities$(403,606)$91,437 $(312,169)
Reclassification adjustment for securities gains (losses) included in net income(1)
(27)(20)
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS transferred to HTM(2)
(57,509)13,026 (44,483)
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges(81,400)18,437 (62,963)
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) loss realized in net income on interest rate swaps used in cash flow hedges7,761 (1,757)6,004 
Unrecognized pension and postretirement income 825 (181)644 
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement items(3)
128 (28)100 
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)$(533,828)$120,941 $(412,887)
(1) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI. Before-tax amounts included in "Investment securities gains, net" on the Consolidated Statements of Income. See "Note 4
- Investment Securities," for additional details.
(2) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI. Before-tax amounts included as a reduction to "Interest Income" on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(3) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI. Before-tax amounts included in "Salaries and employee benefits" on the Consolidated Statements of Income. See "Note
17 - Employee Benefit Plans," for additional details.
Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The following table presents changes in each component of AOCI, net of tax, for the years ended December 31: 
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investment SecuritiesNet Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Interest Rate Derivatives used in Cash Flow HedgesUnrecognized Pension and Postretirement Plan Income (Costs)Total
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2021$40,441 $(4,817)$(8,213)$27,411 
OCI before reclassifications(312,169)(62,963)644 (374,488)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (20)6,004 100 6,084 
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM(44,483)— — (44,483)
Balance at December 31, 2022(316,231)(61,776)(7,469)(385,476)
OCI before reclassifications36,023 6,998 4,777 47,798 
Amounts reclassified from AOCI(567)19,995 57 19,485 
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM5,913 — — 5,913 
Balance at December 31, 2023(274,862)(34,783)(2,635)(312,280)
OCI before reclassifications(22,425)590 7,279 (14,556)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI15,689 18,141 (422)33,408 
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM5,609   5,609 
Balance at December 31, 2024$(275,989)$(16,052)$4,222 $(287,819)
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation Plans (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Compensation Expense and Related Tax Benefits
The following table presents compensation expense and related tax benefits for all equity awards recognized in the consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Compensation expense$10,907 $11,265 $15,081 
Tax benefit(2,466)(2,484)(2,690)
Total stock-based compensation, net of tax $8,441 $8,781 $12,391 
Stock Option Activity
The following table provides information about stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2024:
Stock
Options
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in millions)
Outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 202340,135 $12.61 
Granted— — 
Exercised(39,310)12.61 
Forfeited— — 
Expired(825)12.61 
Outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2024— $12.61 0.0 years$— 
Schedule Of Options Exercised
The following table presents information about stock options exercised for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Number of options exercised39,310 68,134 130,503 
Total intrinsic value of options exercised$116 $249 $842 
Cash received from options exercised$496 $805 $1,402 
Tax benefit from options exercised$23 $47 $163 
Schedule of Nonvested Share Activity
The following table provides information about nonvested restricted stock, RSUs and PSUs granted under the Employee Equity Plan and Directors' Plan for the year ended December 31, 2024:
 
Restricted Stock/RSUs/PSUs(1)
 SharesWeighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Nonvested as of December 31, 20232,662,471 $14.24 
Granted933,962 15.22 
Vested(739,626)16.14 
Forfeited(153,810)14.30 
Nonvested as of December 31, 20242,702,997 $14.57 
(1) There were no nonvested stock options at December 31, 2024 or 2023.
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions
The fair value of certain PSUs with market-based performance conditions granted under the Employee Equity Plan was estimated on the grant date using the Monte Carlo valuation methodology performed by a third-party valuation expert. This valuation is dependent upon certain assumptions, as summarized in the following table:
202420232022
Risk-free interest rate4.75 %3.84 %2.84 %
Volatility of Corporation’s stock30.54 %35.63 %43.46 %
Expected life of PSUs3 years3 years3 years
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Employee Stock Purchase Plan, Valuation Assumptions The following table summarizes activity under the ESPP:
202420232022
ESPP shares purchased133,019 162,667 134,645 
Average purchase price per share (85% of market value)$14.55 $11.68 $14.06 
Compensation expense recognized (in thousands)$342 $348 $334 
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]  
Schedule of Costs of Retirement Plans
The following summarizes retirement plan expense for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
401(k) Retirement Plan$13,739 $11,930 $10,988 
Pension Plan(1,036)464 (1,347)
Total$12,703 $12,394 $9,641 
Multiemployer Plan
Information regarding the Prudential Bancorp Pension Plan as of December 31, 2024 is as follows:

Legal Name of PlanPrudential Bancorp Pension Plan
(dollars in thousands)
Plan Employer Identification Number23-1928421
The Corporation's contribution for the year ended December 31, 2024(1)
$355 
Are the Corporation's contributions more than 5% of total contributions?No
Funded Status80.81 %
(1) Includes 2025 prepayment of $138 thousand.
Pension Plans  
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]  
Summary of Pension Plan and Postretirement Plan Net Periodic Benefit Cost
The net periodic pension cost for the Pension Plan, as determined by consulting actuaries, consisted of the following components for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Interest cost$3,159 $3,269 $2,393 
Expected return on assets(3,903)(3,436)(4,393)
Net amortization and deferral 631 653 
Gain on settlement(292)— — 
Net periodic pension cost$(1,036)$464 $(1,347)
Schedule of Changes in Accumulated Postemployment Benefit Obligations
The following table summarizes the changes in the projected benefit obligation and fair value of Pension Plan assets for the plan years ended December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year$68,952 $68,716 
Interest cost3,159 3,269 
Benefit payments(8,843)(4,687)
Change in assumptions(4,323)1,492 
Experience gain484 162 
Projected benefit obligation at end of year$59,429 $68,952 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year$84,659 $78,137 
Actual return on plan assets9,779 11,209 
Benefit payments(8,843)(4,687)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year$85,595 $84,659 
Schedule of Net Funded Status
The following table presents the funded status of the Pension Plan, included in other assets and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, as of December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Projected benefit obligation$(59,429)$(68,952)
Fair value of plan assets85,595 84,659 
Funded status$26,166 $15,707 
Schedule Of Changes In Unrecognized Pension And Postretirement Items
The following table summarizes the changes in the unrecognized net loss included as a component of AOCI:
 Unrecognized Net Loss  (Gain)
 Before taxNet of tax
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2022$12,070 $9,384 
Recognized as a component of 2023 periodic pension cost(631)(492)
Unrecognized gains arising in 2023(6,119)(4,775)
Balance as of December 31, 20235,320 4,117 
Recognized as a component of 2024 periodic pension cost  
Unrecognized gains arising in 2024(9,417)(7,284)
Balance as of December 31, 2024$(4,097)$(3,167)
Schedule Of Rates Used To Calculate Net Periodic Pension Costs And Present Value Of Benefit Obligations
The following rates were used to calculate the net periodic pension cost and the present value of benefit obligations as of December 31:
202420232022
Discount rate-projected benefit obligation5.38 %4.73 %4.93 %
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets5.00 %5.00 %5.00 %
Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets
The following table presents a summary of the fair values of the Pension Plan's assets as of December 31:
 20242023
 Estimated
Fair Value
% of Total
Assets
Estimated
Fair Value
% of Total
Assets
 (dollars in thousands)
Equity mutual funds$31,369 $27,998 
Equity common trust funds16,486 20,246 
Equity securities47,855 55.9 %48,244 57.0 %
Cash and money market funds5,534 6,276 
Fixed income mutual funds13,590 12,639 
Corporate debt securities4,090 2,600 
U.S. Government agency securities9,493 9,908 
Fixed income securities and cash32,707 38.2 %31,423 37.1 %
Other alternative investment funds5,033 5.9 %4,992 5.9 %
Total$85,595 100.0 %$84,659 100.0 %
Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments
Estimated future benefit payments are as follows (in thousands):
Year 
2025$4,938 
20265,005 
20275,050 
20285,058 
20295,039 
Thereafter24,533 
Total$49,623 
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans  
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]  
Summary of Pension Plan and Postretirement Plan Net Periodic Benefit Cost
The components of the net benefit for Postretirement Plan other than pensions are as follows:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Interest cost$38 $42 $34 
Net amortization and deferral(541)(558)(525)
Net postretirement benefit$(503)$(516)$(491)
Schedule of Changes in Accumulated Postemployment Benefit Obligations
This table summarizes the changes in the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation for the years ended December 31:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation at beginning of year$844 $972 
Interest cost38 42 
Benefit payments(135)(147)
Change in experience42 (31)
Change in assumptions(36)
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation at end of year$753 $844 
Schedule Of Changes In Unrecognized Pension And Postretirement Items
The following table summarizes the changes in items recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
 Before tax 
 Unrecognized
Prior Service
Cost
Unrecognized
Net Loss (Gain)
TotalNet of tax
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2022$(2,084)$(818)$(2,902)$(2,264)
Recognized as a component of 2023 postretirement cost464 94 558 435 
Unrecognized gains arising in 2023— (23)(23)(18)
Balance as of December 31, 2023(1,620)(747)(2,367)(1,847)
Recognized as a component of 2024 postretirement cost464 77 541 422 
Unrecognized loss arising in 2024 6 6 5 
Balance as of December 31, 2024$(1,156)$(664)$(1,820)$(1,420)
Schedule Of Rates Used To Calculate Net Periodic Pension Costs And Present Value Of Benefit Obligations
The following rates were used to calculate net periodic postretirement benefit cost and the present value of benefit obligations as of December 31:
202420232022
Discount rate-projected benefit obligation5.38 %4.73 %4.93 %
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets3.00 %3.00 %3.00 %
Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments
Estimated future benefit payments under the Postretirement Plan are as follows (dollars in thousands):
Year 
2025$129 
2026116 
2027103 
202892 
202981 
Thereafter270 
Total $791 
v3.25.0.1
Leases (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]  
Lease Cost and Supplemental Information
The following table presents the components of lease expense, which is included in net occupancy expense on the consolidated statements of income (dollars in thousands):
202420232022
Operating lease expense$27,893 $19,372 $17,766 
Variable lease expense3,147 3,160 3,017
Sublease income(1,224)(1,111)(964)
Total lease expense$29,816 $21,421 $19,819 
Supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows (dollars in thousands):
20242023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities$25,161 $20,898 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations78,278 20,184 
Supplemental Balance Sheet Information
Supplemental consolidated balance sheet information related to leases was as follows as of December 31 (dollars in thousands):
Operating LeasesBalance Sheet Classification20242023
ROU assetsOther assets$140,997 $88,188 
Lease liabilitiesOther liabilities$154,176 $95,230 
Weighted average remaining lease term9.30 years6.48 years
Weighted average discount rate5.51 %3.34 %
Lease Payment Obligations
Lease payment obligations for each of the next five years and thereafter, with a reconciliation to the Corporation's lease liability were as follows (dollars in thousands):
YearOperating Leases
2025$27,122 
202625,744 
202723,464 
202820,254 
202916,669
Thereafter91,077 
Total lease payments204,330 
Less: imputed interest(50,154)
Present value of lease liabilities$154,176 
On May 10, 2024, the Bank and Fulton Financial Realty Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Corporation, entered into the Sale-Leaseback Transaction for 40 financial center office locations for an aggregate cash purchase price of $55.4 million. The Bank entered into a lease for each of the locations sold in the Sale-Leaseback Transaction for an initial term of 15 years, with the option to extend the term of each for up to three successive terms of up to five years each. During the initial lease terms, the base rental amount will increase annually at a rate of 2.25%. The Corporation recorded a pre-tax gain, after deduction of transaction-related expenses, of approximately $20.3 million in connection with the Sale-Leaseback Transaction. The properties are located in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland.
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
The following tables present assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and reported on the consolidated balance sheets:
 2024
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans held for sale$ $25,618 $ $25,618 
Available for sale investment securities:
State and municipal securities 814,887  814,887 
Corporate debt securities 300,370  300,370 
Collateralized mortgage obligations 788,885  788,885 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 989,875  989,875 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 516,882  516,882 
Total available for sale investment securities 3,410,899  3,410,899 
Other assets:
Investments held in Rabbi Trust35,093   35,093 
Derivative assets1,682 159,939  161,621 
Total assets$36,775 $3,596,456 $ $3,633,231 
Other liabilities:
Deferred compensation liabilities$35,093 $ $ $35,093 
Derivative liabilities1,596 252,821  254,417 
Total liabilities$36,689 $252,821 $ $289,510 
 2023
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans held for sale$— $15,158 $— $15,158 
Available for sale investment securities:
U.S. Government securities42,161 — — 42,161 
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities— 1,010 — 1,010 
State and municipal securities— 1,072,013 — 1,072,013 
Corporate debt securities— 440,551 — 440,551 
Collateralized mortgage obligations— 111,434 — 111,434 
Residential mortgage-backed securities— 196,795 — 196,795 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities— 534,388 — 534,388 
Total available for sale investment securities42,161 2,356,191 — 2,398,352 
Other assets:
Investments held in Rabbi Trust29,819 — — 29,819 
Derivative assets572 157,540 — 158,112 
Total assets$72,552 $2,528,889 $— $2,601,441 
Other liabilities:
Deferred compensation liabilities$29,819 $— $— $29,819 
Derivative liabilities477 246,157 — 246,634 
Total liabilities$30,296 $246,157 $— $276,453 
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Nonrecurring Basis :
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans, Net$168,668 $102,135 
OREO2,621 896 
MSRs(1)
53,972 49,696 
SBA servicing asset3,120 — 
Total assets$228,381 $152,727 
(1) Amounts shown are estimated fair value. MSRs are recorded on the Corporation's consolidated balance sheets at lower of amortized cost or fair value. See
"Note 8 - Mortgage Servicing Rights" for additional information.
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques Changes in any of those inputs, in isolation, could result in a significantly different fair value measurement, as depicted in the table below:
Significant InputScenario Shock% Change in Valuation
Prepayment Rate+ 15%(4)%
Prepayment Rate- 15%4%
Discount Rate- 200 bps10%
Discount Rate+ 200 bps(9)%
SBA servicing asset – This category consists of the retained servicing rights on SBA-guaranteed loans sold to investors. The standard sale structure under the SBA Secondary Participation Guaranty Agreement provides for the Corporation to retain a portion of the cash flow from the interest payment received on the SBA guaranteed portion of the loan, which is commonly known as a servicing spread. A third-party valuation expert is utilized to perform the modeling to estimate the fair value of the SBA servicing asset. Since the valuation model uses significant unobservable inputs, the SBA servicing asset is classified within Level 3.
Details of Book Value and Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following table details the book values and the estimated fair values of the Corporation's financial instruments as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. A general description of the methods and assumptions used to estimate such fair values is also provided.
 2024
Estimated Fair Value
Carrying AmountLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
FINANCIAL ASSETS(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents$1,063,871 $1,063,871 $ $ $1,063,871 
FRB and FHLB stock139,574  139,574  139,574 
Loans held for sale 25,618  25,618  25,618 
AFS securities 3,410,899  3,410,899  3,410,899 
HTM securities1,395,569  1,183,449  1,183,449 
Loans, net23,665,763   22,555,687 22,555,687 
Accrued interest receivable117,029 117,029   117,029 
Other assets 736,502 543,251 159,939 59,713 762,903 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Demand and savings deposits$21,135,478 $21,135,478 $ $ $21,135,478 
Brokered deposits843,857 145,056 698,647  843,703 
Time deposits4,150,098  4,154,726  4,154,726 
Accrued interest payable31,620 31,620   31,620 
FHLB advances850,000 851,470   851,470 
Senior debt and subordinated debt367,316  253,818  253,818 
Other borrowings564,732 544,908 901  545,809 
Other liabilities 467,011 200,029 252,821 14,161 467,011 
2023
Estimated Fair Value
Carrying AmountLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
FINANCIAL ASSETS(dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents$549,710 $549,710 $— $— $549,710 
FRB and FHLB stock124,405 — 124,405 — 124,405 
Loans held for sale15,158 — 15,158 — 15,158 
AFS securities2,398,352 42,161 2,356,191 — 2,398,352 
HTM securities1,267,922 — 1,072,207 — 1,072,207 
Loans, net21,057,690 — — 19,930,560 19,930,560 
Accrued interest receivable107,972 107,972 — — 107,972 
Other assets661,067 452,935 157,540 50,592 661,067 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Demand and savings deposits$17,653,690 $17,653,690 $— $— $17,653,690 
Brokered deposits1,144,692 145,987 999,392 — 1,145,379 
Time deposits2,739,241 — 2,714,709 — 2,714,709 
Accrued interest payable35,083 35,083 — — 35,083 
Federal funds purchased240,000 240,000 — — 240,000 
FHLB advances1,100,000 1,094,013 — — 1,094,013 
Senior debt and subordinated debt535,384 — 463,270 — 463,270 
Other borrowings612,142 611,269 837 — 612,106 
Other liabilities429,046 165,635 246,157 17,254 429,046 
v3.25.0.1
Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Summary of Outstanding Commitments to Extend Credit and Letters of Credit
The following table presents the Corporation's commitments to extend credit and letters of credit:
20242023
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial$4,967,334 $4,929,981 
Real estate - commercial mortgage and real estate - construction1,706,879 1,867,830 
Real estate - home equity2,154,382 1,992,700 
Total commitments to extend credit$8,828,595 $8,790,511 
Standby letters of credit$279,309 $264,440 
Commercial letters of credit48,993 67,396 
Total letters of credit$328,302 $331,836 
v3.25.0.1
Segment Reporting (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment
The following table presents segment results as of December 31:
(dollars in thousands, except per-share data)
202420232022
Interest Income
Loans, including fees$1,394,969 $1,156,373 $758,609 
Investment securities136,650 101,518 98,115 
Other interest income50,577 15,345 8,114 
Total Interest Income1,582,196 1,273,236 864,838 
Interest Expense
Deposits521,859 292,205 43,829 
Federal funds purchased2,881 30,417 2,967 
FHLB advances37,793 46,965 7,334 
Senior debt and subordinated debt20,255 21,361 22,257 
Other borrowings and interest-bearing liabilities39,083 28,002 6,817 
Total Interest Expense621,871 418,950 83,204 
Net Interest Income960,325 854,286 781,634 
Provision for credit losses71,636 54,036 28,021 
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses888,689 800,250 753,613 
Total Non-Interest Income275,731 227,678 227,130 
Non-Interest Expense
Salaries and employee benefits432,821 377,417 356,884 
Data processing and software77,882 66,471 60,255 
Net occupancy69,359 58,019 56,195 
Other outside services60,586 47,724 37,152 
FDIC insurance23,829 25,565 12,547 
Equipment17,850 14,390 14,033 
Intangible amortization17,830 2,944 1,731 
Professional fees10,857 8,392 9,123 
Marketing8,958 9,004 6,885 
Acquisition-related expenses37,635 — 10,328 
Other62,184 69,281 68,595 
Total Non-Interest Expense819,791 679,207 633,728 
Income Before Income Taxes344,629 348,721 347,015 
Income taxes55,886 64,441 60,034 
Net Income288,743 284,280 286,981 
Preferred stock dividends(10,248)(10,248)(10,248)
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders$278,495 $274,032 $276,733 
Net income available to common shareholders per share (diluted)$1.57 $1.64 $1.67 
v3.25.0.1
Condensed Financial Information - Parent Company Only (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]  
Condensed Financial Information Parent Only
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
 December 31,
 20242023
(dollars in thousands)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents$78,566 $171,433 
Other assets68,375 62,500 
Receivable from subsidiaries126,430 276,215 
Investments in:
Bank subsidiary3,309,613 2,794,106 
Non-bank subsidiaries47,666 42,496 
Total Assets$3,630,650 $3,346,750 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Senior and subordinated debt$367,316 $535,384 
Other liabilities66,009 51,227 
Total Liabilities433,325 586,611 
Shareholders' equity3,197,325 2,760,139 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity$3,630,650 $3,346,750 
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME 
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Income:
Dividends from subsidiaries$75,000 $300,000 $207,000 
Other2,237 794 725 
77,237 300,794 207,725 
Expenses42,572 37,448 51,887 
Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries34,665 263,346 155,838 
Income tax benefit(9,070)(7,861)(12,331)
43,735 271,207 168,169 
Equity in undistributed net income (loss) of:
Bank subsidiaries239,677 8,932 121,388 
Non-bank subsidiaries5,331 4,141 (2,576)
Net Income288,743 284,280 286,981 
 Preferred stock dividends(10,248)(10,248)(10,248)
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders$278,495 $274,032 $276,733 
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net Income$288,743 $284,280 $286,981 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of issuance costs and discount of long-term debt710 750 724 
Stock-based compensation10,516 12,540 14,000 
Net change in other assets(83,081)(37,591)44,790 
Equity in undistributed net (income) loss of subsidiaries(245,009)(13,073)(120,213)
Net change in other liabilities and payables to non-bank subsidiaries(4,504)(50,047)(198,349)
Total adjustments(321,368)(87,421)(259,048)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities(32,625)196,859 27,933 
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Net cash paid for acquisition — (21,811)
Net cash used in investing activities — (21,811)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Repayments of long-term borrowings(168,778)(5,000)(81,496)
Net proceeds from common stock270,582 3,160 7,876 
Dividends paid(131,698)(115,738)(116,009)
Acquisition of treasury stock(30,348)(77,056)— 
Net cash used in financing activities(60,242)(194,634)(189,629)
Net (decrease) increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents(92,867)2,225 (183,507)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year171,433 169,208 352,715 
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Year$78,566 $171,433 $169,208 
v3.25.0.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]        
Days past due for nonaccrual status 90 days      
Increase in ACL $ 379,156 $ 293,404 $ 269,366 $ 249,001
Change in retained earnings 1,775,620 1,619,300    
Change in ACL for certain OBS credit exposure $ 1,200 2,700    
Financing receivable, obtaining certified third-party appraisal for impaired loans, period 12 months      
Extension term of leases 5 years      
Business Combinations [Abstract]        
Foreign currency open position $ 500      
Building and Building Improvements        
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]        
Property, plant and equipment, useful life 50 years      
Furniture and Fixtures        
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]        
Property, plant and equipment, useful life 8 years      
Equipment        
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]        
Property, plant and equipment, useful life 7 years      
Consumer Loan        
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]        
Number of days closed end consumer loans are charged off when they become past due 120 days      
Number of days open end consumer loans are charged off when they become past due 180 days      
Residential mortgage        
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]        
Change in ACL for certain OBS credit exposure $ 1,500 $ 1,800    
Employee Equity Plan        
Business Combinations [Abstract]        
Award vesting period 3 years      
Directors' Plan        
Business Combinations [Abstract]        
Award vesting period 1 year      
Minimum        
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]        
Remaining lease term of operating leases 1 year      
Maximum        
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]        
Remaining lease term of operating leases 20 years      
v3.25.0.1
Business Combinations - Narrative (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Apr. 26, 2024
USD ($)
Jul. 01, 2022
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
bank
lease
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
financial_center
Dec. 31, 2024
location
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]                  
Increase in ACL     $ 379,156 $ 379,156 $ 293,404 $ 269,366     $ 249,001
Interest Income (Expense), Net       960,325 854,286 781,634      
Noninterest Income       275,731 227,678 227,130      
Noninterest Expense       819,791 679,207 633,728      
Net Income       288,743 $ 284,280 $ 286,981      
Financial Center Office Closures                  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]                  
Restructuring and Related Activities, Number of Financial Center Office Closures             13 13  
Restructuring and Related Activities, Number of Locations Owned | location               5  
Restructuring and Related Activities, Number of locations Leased | location               8  
Restructuring and Related Activities, Expected Quarterly Cost Reduction     $ 9,800 9,800          
Prudential                  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]                  
Percent of outstanding common stock acquired   100.00%              
Estimated Fair Value   $ 554,100              
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Assets   930,600              
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Financial Liabilities   $ 532,200              
Common shares issued (in shares) | shares   6,208,516              
Business Combination, Consideration Transferred   $ 119,100              
Business Acquisition, Equity Interest Issued or Issuable, Price Per Share | $ / shares   $ 0.7974              
Business Acquisition, Cash Paid, Price Per Share | $ / shares   $ 3.65              
Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross   $ 29,300              
Republic First Bank                  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]                  
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Current Assets, Marketable Securities $ 1,938,571                
Estimated Fair Value 2,495,810                
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Assets 4,799,890                
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Liabilities 5,561,979                
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Financial Liabilities 4,112,143                
Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross 809,920                
Business Combination, Number of Leases Assigned | lease     14            
Business Combination, Number of Acquired Bank Premises and Related Property, Plant, and Equipment | bank     15            
Business Combination, Provisional Information, Initial Accounting Incomplete, Adjustment, Right-Of-Use Asset     $ 13,100            
Business Combination, Provisional Information, Initial Accounting Incomplete, Adjustment, Lease Liability     14,400            
Business Combination, Provisional Information, Initial Accounting Incomplete, Lease Adjustment, Gain on Acquisition     1,300            
Business Combination, Provisional Information, Initial Accounting Incomplete, Adjustment, Property, Plant, and Equipment     21,700            
Business Combination, Provisional Information, Initial Accounting Incomplete, Premise and Equipment Adjustment, Gain on Acquisition     1,000            
Business Combination, Provisional Information, Initial Accounting Incomplete, Adjustment, Bargain Purchase, Gain Recognized, Amount, Net of Tax     $ 2,700            
Increase in ACL 78,100                
PCD Loans credit discount (54,631)                
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets Acquired $ 92,600                
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Remaining Amortization Period 7 years                
Business Combination, recognized assets acquired and liabiliities assumed, FHLB stock $ 37,931                
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Current Assets, Receivables 16,164                
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Finite-Lived Intangibles 92,600                
Assumed borrowings 1,413,751                
Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Charitable Donation 5,000                
Interest Income (Expense), Net       111,400          
Noninterest Income       44,700          
Noninterest Expense       71,900          
Net Income       $ 50,500          
Business Combination, Bargain Purchase, Gain Recognized, Amount, Net of Tax 36,996                
Loans, net 2,500,000                
Business combination, Cash Payment Received from FDIC 800,000                
Financing Receivable, Non Purchased Credit Deterioration, Allowance for Credit Loss $ 23,400                
v3.25.0.1
Business Combinations - Schedule of Consideration Transferred and Fair Value of Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Apr. 26, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]        
Business Combination, Bargain Purchase, Gain, Recognized Statement Of Income Or Comprehensive Income, Extensible Enumeration, Not Disclosed Flag   Gain on acquisition, before income taxes    
Business Combination, Bargain Purchase, Gain Recognized, Amount   $ 36,996 $ 0 $ 0
Republic First Bank        
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]        
Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross $ 809,920      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Cash and Equivalents 208,451      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Current Assets, Marketable Securities 1,938,571      
Estimated Fair Value 2,495,810      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Property, Plant, and Equipment 184      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Other Noncurrent Assets 10,179      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Assets, Total 4,799,890      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Financial Liabilities 4,112,143      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Noncurrent Liabilities, Long-Term Debt 1,413,751      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Noncurrent Liabilities, Other 2,641      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Liabilities, Total 5,561,979      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Current Liabilities, Other 33,444      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Finite-Lived Intangibles 92,600      
Business Combination, recognized assets acquired and liabiliities assumed, FHLB stock 37,931      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Current Assets, Receivables 16,164      
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired, Goodwill, and Liabilities Assumed, Net, Total (762,089)      
Business Combination, Bargain Purchase, Gain Recognized, Amount 47,831      
Business Combination, Bargain Purchase, Gain Recognized, Amount, Net of Tax $ 36,996      
v3.25.0.1
Business Combinations - Schedule of Fair Value and Unpaid Principal Balance of Acquired Loans and Leases (Details) - Republic First Bank
$ in Thousands
Apr. 26, 2024
USD ($)
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]  
Unpaid Principal Balance $ 2,883,930
Estimated Fair Value 2,495,810
Real estate - commercial mortgage  
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]  
Unpaid Principal Balance 1,384,029
Estimated Fair Value 1,234,409
Commercial and Industrial  
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]  
Unpaid Principal Balance 310,190
Estimated Fair Value 279,309
Real estate – residential mortgage  
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]  
Unpaid Principal Balance 947,144
Estimated Fair Value 752,331
Real-estate - home equity  
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]  
Unpaid Principal Balance 90,882
Estimated Fair Value 84,369
Real-estate - construction  
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]  
Unpaid Principal Balance 149,047
Estimated Fair Value 142,768
Consumer  
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]  
Unpaid Principal Balance 2,638
Estimated Fair Value $ 2,624
v3.25.0.1
Business Combinations - Carrying Amount of Loans on Acquisition Date (Details) - Republic First Bank
$ in Thousands
Apr. 26, 2024
USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Book balance of loans with deteriorated credit quality at acquisition $ 1,014,559
Fair value of loans with deteriorated credit quality at acquisition 895,588
Fair value discount 118,971
PCD Loans credit discount (54,631)
Non-credit discount $ 64,340
v3.25.0.1
Business Combinations - Schedule of Acquisition-Related Expenses (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Apr. 26, 2024
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Acquisition-related expenses   $ 37,635 $ 0 $ 10,328
Republic First Bank        
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Salaries and employee benefits $ 2,023      
Net occupancy 10,085      
Professional fees 11,439      
Charitable donation 5,000      
Other 9,088      
Acquisition-related expenses $ 37,635      
v3.25.0.1
Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Cash and Due from Banks [Abstract]    
Collateral $ 4.0 $ 17.4
v3.25.0.1
Investment Securities Schedule of Amortized Cost and Fair Values of Investment Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Available for Sale    
Amortized Cost $ 3,719,516 $ 2,698,259
Gross Unrealized Gains 5,888 1,569
Gross Unrealized Losses (314,505) (301,476)
Estimated Fair Value 3,410,899 2,398,352
Held to Maturity    
Amortized Cost 1,395,569 1,267,922
Gross Unrealized Gains 2  
Gross Unrealized Losses (212,122)  
Estimated Fair Value 1,183,449  
U.S. Government securities    
Available for Sale    
Amortized Cost   42,475
Gross Unrealized Gains   0
Gross Unrealized Losses   (314)
Estimated Fair Value   42,161
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities    
Available for Sale    
Amortized Cost   1,038
Gross Unrealized Gains   0
Gross Unrealized Losses   (28)
Estimated Fair Value   1,010
State and municipal securities    
Available for Sale    
Amortized Cost 960,227 1,200,571
Gross Unrealized Gains 106 1,089
Gross Unrealized Losses (145,446) (129,647)
Estimated Fair Value 814,887 1,072,013
Held to Maturity    
Amortized Cost   1,267,922
Gross Unrealized Gains   0
Gross Unrealized Losses   (195,715)
Estimated Fair Value   1,072,207
Corporate debt securities    
Available for Sale    
Amortized Cost 313,681 480,714
Gross Unrealized Gains 1,123 473
Gross Unrealized Losses (14,434) (40,636)
Estimated Fair Value 300,370 440,551
Collateralized mortgage obligations    
Available for Sale    
Amortized Cost 798,157 122,824
Gross Unrealized Gains 4,629 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (13,901) (11,390)
Estimated Fair Value 788,885 111,434
Residential mortgage-backed securities    
Available for Sale    
Amortized Cost 1,029,846 223,273
Gross Unrealized Gains 30 7
Gross Unrealized Losses (40,001) (26,485)
Estimated Fair Value 989,875 196,795
Held to Maturity    
Amortized Cost 537,856 407,075
Gross Unrealized Gains 2 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (60,162) (51,805)
Estimated Fair Value 477,696 355,270
Commercial mortgage-backed securities    
Available for Sale    
Amortized Cost 617,605 627,364
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (100,723) (92,976)
Estimated Fair Value 516,882 534,388
Held to Maturity    
Amortized Cost 857,713 860,847
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses (151,960) (143,910)
Estimated Fair Value $ 705,753 $ 716,937
v3.25.0.1
Investment Securities Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
HTM, at amortized cost $ 1,395,569 $ 1,267,922  
Estimated Fair Value 1,183,449    
Proceeds from sales of AFS securities 2,300,487 213,424 $ 196,411
Collateral Pledged      
Available-for-sale securities pledged as collateral $ 300,000 400,000  
State and municipal securities      
HTM, at amortized cost   1,267,922  
Estimated Fair Value   $ 1,072,207  
v3.25.0.1
Investment Securities Schedule of Amortized Cost and Fair Values of Debt Securities by Contractual Maturities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Available for Sale    
Due in one year or less $ 15,672  
Due from one year to five years 106,119  
Due from five years to ten years 309,940  
Due after ten years 842,177  
Amortized cost, before securities without debt maturities 1,273,908  
Amortized Cost 3,719,516 $ 2,698,259
Estimated Fair Value    
Due in one year or less 15,532  
Due from one year to five years 102,912  
Due from five years to ten years 294,656  
Due after ten years 702,157  
Available for sale securities, debt maturities, before securities without single maturities 1,115,257  
Estimated Fair Value 3,410,899 2,398,352
Amortized Cost    
Due in one year or less 0  
Due from one year to five years 0  
Due from five years to ten years 0  
Due after ten years 0  
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, maturity, allocated and single maturity date, amortized cost, total 0  
Amortized Cost 1,395,569 1,267,922
Estimated Fair Value    
Due in one year or less 0  
Due from one year to five years 0  
Due from five years to ten years 0  
Due after ten years 0  
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, maturity, Allocated and single maturity date, fair value   0
Estimated Fair Value 1,183,449  
Residential mortgage-backed securities    
Available for Sale    
Available-for-sale securities, amortized cost without single maturity date 1,029,846  
Amortized Cost 1,029,846 223,273
Estimated Fair Value    
Available-for-sale securities, debt maturities, without single maturity date, fair value 989,875  
Estimated Fair Value 989,875 196,795
Amortized Cost    
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, maturity, without single maturity date, amortized cost 537,856  
Amortized Cost 537,856 407,075
Estimated Fair Value    
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, maturity, without single maturity date, fair value 477,696  
Estimated Fair Value 477,696 355,270
Commercial mortgage-backed securities    
Available for Sale    
Available-for-sale securities, amortized cost without single maturity date 617,605  
Amortized Cost 617,605 627,364
Estimated Fair Value    
Available-for-sale securities, debt maturities, without single maturity date, fair value 516,882  
Estimated Fair Value 516,882 534,388
Amortized Cost    
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, maturity, without single maturity date, amortized cost 857,713  
Amortized Cost 857,713 860,847
Estimated Fair Value    
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, maturity, without single maturity date, fair value 705,753  
Estimated Fair Value 705,753 716,937
Collateralized mortgage obligations    
Available for Sale    
Available-for-sale securities, amortized cost without single maturity date 798,157  
Amortized Cost 798,157 122,824
Estimated Fair Value    
Available-for-sale securities, debt maturities, without single maturity date, fair value 788,885  
Estimated Fair Value 788,885 $ 111,434
Amortized Cost    
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, maturity, without single maturity date, amortized cost 0  
Estimated Fair Value    
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, maturity, without single maturity date, fair value $ 0  
v3.25.0.1
Investment Securities Summary of Gains and Losses from Equity and Debt Securities, and Losses from Other-than-Temporary Impairment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]      
Gross Realized Gains $ 179 $ 283 $ 1,587
Gross Realized Losses (20,462) (1,016) (1,614)
Net Gains (Losses) $ (20,283) $ (733) $ (27)
v3.25.0.1
Investment Securities Gross Unrealized Losses and Fair Values of Investments by Category and Length of Time in a Continuous Unrealized Loss Position (Details)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Security
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Security
Available for Sale    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months $ 1,143,727 $ 146,416
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (15,221) (3,240)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 1,776,769 2,145,336
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (299,284) (298,236)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 2,920,496 2,291,752
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (314,505) $ (301,476)
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 600 671
Held to Maturity    
Estimated Fair Value, Less Than 12 Months $ 155,726 $ 0
Unrealized Losses, Less Than 12 Months (1,754) 0
Estimated Fair Value, 12 Months or Longer 1,008,973 1,072,207
Unrealized Losses, 12 Months or Longer (210,368) (195,715)
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value 1,164,699 1,072,207
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (212,122) $ (195,715)
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, number of positions | Security 180 180
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 78 56
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 7 0
U.S. Government securities    
Available for Sale    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months   $ 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss   0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer   42,161
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer   (314)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position   42,161
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss   $ (314)
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security   1
Held to Maturity    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security   0
US Government Agencies Debt Securities    
Available for Sale    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months   $ 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss   0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer   1,010
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer   (28)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position   1,010
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss   $ (28)
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security   1
Held to Maturity    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security   0
State and municipal securities    
Available for Sale    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months $ 53,026 $ 76,155
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (1,692) (858)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 755,310 917,274
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (143,754) (128,789)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 808,336 993,429
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (145,446) $ (129,647)
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 272 314
Held to Maturity    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 22 40
Corporate debt securities    
Available for Sale    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months $ 4,844 $ 42,945
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (13) (1,326)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 264,099 370,523
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (14,421) (39,310)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 268,943 413,468
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (14,434) $ (40,636)
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 47 60
Held to Maturity    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 1 8
Collateralized mortgage obligations    
Available for Sale    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months $ 288,871 $ 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (3,463) 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 85,485 111,434
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (10,438) (11,390)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 374,356 111,434
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (13,901) $ (11,390)
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 77 93
Held to Maturity    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 12 0
Residential mortgage-backed securities    
Available for Sale    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months $ 777,695 $ 409
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (9,178) (3)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 174,284 195,453
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (30,823) (26,482)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 951,979 195,862
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (40,001) $ (26,485)
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 69 69
Held to Maturity    
Estimated Fair Value, Less Than 12 Months $ 155,726 $ 0
Unrealized Losses, Less Than 12 Months (1,754) 0
Estimated Fair Value, 12 Months or Longer 303,220 355,270
Unrealized Losses, 12 Months or Longer (58,408) (51,805)
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value 458,946 355,270
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (60,162) $ (51,805)
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, number of positions | Security 120  
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 42 6
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 7 0
Commercial mortgage-backed securities    
Available for Sale    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months $ 19,291 $ 26,907
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (875) (1,053)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 497,591 507,481
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (99,848) (91,923)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 516,882 534,388
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (100,723) $ (92,976)
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 135 133
Held to Maturity    
Estimated Fair Value, Less Than 12 Months $ 0 $ 0
Unrealized Losses, Less Than 12 Months 0 0
Estimated Fair Value, 12 Months or Longer 705,753 716,937
Unrealized Losses, 12 Months or Longer (151,960) (143,910)
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value 705,753 716,937
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (151,960) $ (143,910)
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, number of positions | Security 60 120
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 1 2
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 0 0
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Summary Of Gross Loans (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Total $ 24,044,919 $ 21,351,094
Real estate - commercial mortgage    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Total 9,601,858 8,127,728
Commercial and Industrial    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Total 4,605,589 4,545,552
Unearned income 0 41
Real estate – residential mortgage    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Total 6,349,643 5,325,923
Real-estate - home equity    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Total 1,160,616 1,047,184
Real-estate - construction    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Total 1,394,899 1,239,075
Consumer    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Total 616,856 729,318
Leases and other loans    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Total 315,458 336,314
Leases and other loans    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Total 315,458 336,314
Unearned income $ 35,600 $ 38,000
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Loans and leases receivable, related parties $ 166,200 $ 162,500
Proceeds from related party debt 9,100  
Repayments of related party debt $ 5,400  
Impaired loans with principal balances 90.00% 78.00%
Interest income on non-accrual loans $ 1,000 $ 1,500
Borrowers with loan modifications, commitments to lend additional funds 0  
Non-accrual loans with no related allowance for credit losses 105,173 52,769
Minimum    
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Impaired loan balances allocated reserves 1,000  
Impaired loans balances, real estate as collateral $ 1,000 $ 1,000
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Allowance for Credit Losses (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Receivables [Abstract]        
Increase in ACL $ 379,156 $ 293,404 $ 269,366 $ 249,001
Reserve for OBS credit exposures $ 14,161 $ 17,254    
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Activity in the Allowance for Credit Losses (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Apr. 26, 2024
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]        
Beginning balance $ 293,404 $ 269,366 $ 249,001  
Loans charged off (54,429) (39,201) (21,472)  
Recoveries of loans previously charged off 9,984 10,129 14,092  
Net loans (charged off) recovered (44,445) (29,072) 7,380  
Provision for credit losses 71,636 54,036 28,021  
Ending balance 379,156 293,404 269,366  
Increase in ACL 379,156 293,404 269,366  
Republic First Bank        
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]        
Provision for Other Credit Losses 23,444 0 7,954  
Initial PCD allowance for credit losses 54,631 0 1,135  
Increase in ACL       $ 78,100
Financing Receivable        
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]        
Provision for credit losses 52,122 53,110 18,656  
Unfunded Loan Commitment        
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]        
Provision for credit losses (3,930) 926 1,411  
Off-Balance Sheet        
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]        
Beginning balance 17,254 16,328    
Ending balance 14,161 17,254 16,328  
Increase in ACL $ 14,161 $ 17,254 $ 16,328  
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Allowance for Loan Losses by Portfolio Segment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Beginning balance $ 293,404 $ 269,366 $ 249,001
Loans charged off 54,429 39,201 21,472
Recoveries of loans previously charged off 9,984 10,129 14,092
Provision for credit losses 71,636 54,036 28,021
Ending balance 379,156 293,404 $ 269,366
Loans - Excluding OBS Credit Exposure      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Beginning balance   269,366  
Beginning balance 293,404    
Loans charged off 54,429 39,201  
Recoveries of loans previously charged off 9,984 10,129  
Net loans recovered (charged off) (44,445) (29,072)  
Provision for credit losses 52,122 53,110  
Ending balance 379,156 293,404  
Financing Receivable, Provision Expense 23,444    
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition 54,631    
Real estate - commercial mortgage | Loans - Excluding OBS Credit Exposure      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Beginning balance   69,456  
Beginning balance 112,565    
Loans charged off 13,186 17,999  
Recoveries of loans previously charged off 603 1,076  
Net loans recovered (charged off) (12,583) (16,923)  
Provision for credit losses 9,992 60,032  
Ending balance 158,181 112,565  
Financing Receivable, Provision Expense 6,648    
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition 41,559    
Commercial and Industrial | Loans - Excluding OBS Credit Exposure      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Beginning balance   70,116  
Beginning balance 74,266    
Loans charged off 26,585 9,246  
Recoveries of loans previously charged off 4,440 3,473  
Net loans recovered (charged off) (22,145) (5,773)  
Provision for credit losses 28,507 9,923  
Ending balance 92,212 74,266  
Financing Receivable, Provision Expense 1,121    
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition 10,463    
Real-estate - home equity | Loans - Excluding OBS Credit Exposure      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Beginning balance   26,429  
Beginning balance 17,604    
Loans charged off 8,490 7,514  
Recoveries of loans previously charged off 3,357 3,198  
Net loans recovered (charged off) (5,133) (4,316)  
Provision for credit losses 6,124 (4,509)  
Ending balance 19,397 17,604  
Financing Receivable, Provision Expense 445    
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition 357    
Real estate – residential mortgage | Loans - Excluding OBS Credit Exposure      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Beginning balance   83,250  
Beginning balance 73,286    
Loans charged off 1,472 62  
Recoveries of loans previously charged off 472 421  
Net loans recovered (charged off) (1,000) 359  
Provision for credit losses (6,440) (10,323)  
Ending balance 81,331 73,286  
Financing Receivable, Provision Expense 14,920    
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition 565    
Real-estate - construction | Loans - Excluding OBS Credit Exposure      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Beginning balance   10,743  
Beginning balance 12,295    
Loans charged off 0 0  
Recoveries of loans previously charged off 382 858  
Net loans recovered (charged off) 382 858  
Provision for credit losses 10,466 694  
Ending balance 25,140 12,295  
Financing Receivable, Provision Expense 310    
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition 1,687    
Leases and other loans | Loans - Excluding OBS Credit Exposure      
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]      
Beginning balance   9,372  
Beginning balance 3,388    
Loans charged off 4,696 4,380  
Recoveries of loans previously charged off 730 1,103  
Net loans recovered (charged off) (3,966) (3,277)  
Provision for credit losses 3,473 (2,707)  
Ending balance 2,895 $ 3,388  
Financing Receivable, Provision Expense 0    
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition $ 0    
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Total Non-Accrual Loans by Class Segment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Impaired Financing Receivables [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance, with related allowance $ 84,120 $ 68,851
Non-accrual loans with no related allowance for credit losses 105,173 52,769
Unpaid Principal Balance 189,293 121,620
Total 24,044,919 21,351,094
Real estate - commercial mortgage    
Impaired Financing Receivables [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance, with related allowance 31,654 23,338
Non-accrual loans with no related allowance for credit losses 67,843 21,467
Unpaid Principal Balance 99,497 44,805
Total 9,601,858 8,127,728
Commercial - secured    
Impaired Financing Receivables [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance, with related allowance 17,011 12,410
Non-accrual loans with no related allowance for credit losses 25,206 27,542
Unpaid Principal Balance 42,217 39,952
Real estate – residential mortgage    
Impaired Financing Receivables [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance, with related allowance 23,387 18,806
Non-accrual loans with no related allowance for credit losses 2,013 2,018
Unpaid Principal Balance 25,400 20,824
Total 6,349,643 5,325,923
Real-estate - home equity    
Impaired Financing Receivables [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance, with related allowance 8,513 4,649
Non-accrual loans with no related allowance for credit losses 78 104
Unpaid Principal Balance 8,591 4,753
Total 1,160,616 1,047,184
Real-estate - construction    
Impaired Financing Receivables [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance, with related allowance 1,746 341
Non-accrual loans with no related allowance for credit losses 0 1,000
Unpaid Principal Balance 1,746 1,341
Total 1,394,899 1,239,075
Consumer    
Impaired Financing Receivables [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance, with related allowance 8 52
Non-accrual loans with no related allowance for credit losses 0 0
Unpaid Principal Balance 8 52
Total 616,856 729,318
Leases and other loans    
Impaired Financing Receivables [Line Items]    
Unpaid principal balance, with related allowance 1,801 9,255
Non-accrual loans with no related allowance for credit losses 10,033 638
Unpaid Principal Balance 11,834 9,893
Total $ 315,458 $ 336,314
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Credit Quality Indicators (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Total      
Total $ 24,044,919 $ 21,351,094  
Current period gross charge-offs (54,429) (39,201) $ (21,472)
Current period recoveries 9,984 10,129 $ 14,092
Real estate - commercial mortgage      
Total      
Total 9,601,858 8,127,728  
Commercial and Industrial      
Total      
Total 4,605,589 4,545,552  
Real-estate - home equity      
Total      
Total 1,160,616 1,047,184  
Real estate – residential mortgage      
Total      
Total 6,349,643 5,325,923  
Consumer      
Total      
Total 616,856 729,318  
Leases and other loans      
Total      
Total 315,458 336,314  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class      
2021      
Total 1,286,860 1,744,297  
2020      
Total 2,032,639 1,953,966  
2019      
Total 2,210,556 1,981,737  
2018      
Total 1,976,780 1,428,026  
2017      
Total 1,476,712 1,091,506  
Prior      
Total 4,569,991 3,727,931  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 1,782,925 1,696,870  
Total      
Total 15,383,443 13,675,866  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Pass      
2021      
Total 1,256,865 1,732,981  
2020      
Total 1,879,088 1,841,229  
2019      
Total 1,808,587 1,796,011  
2018      
Total 1,615,041 1,363,602  
2017      
Total 1,354,603 1,003,493  
Prior      
Total 4,140,549 3,455,090  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 1,475,751 1,516,133  
Total      
Total 13,547,095 12,750,911  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Special Mention      
2021      
Total 14,369 10,703  
2020      
Total 92,293 66,074  
2019      
Total 249,862 147,582  
2018      
Total 245,540 11,439  
2017      
Total 34,516 42,106  
Prior      
Total 165,731 124,273  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 128,918 74,535  
Total      
Total 931,542 476,910  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Substandard or Lower      
2021      
Total 15,626 613  
2020      
Total 61,258 46,663  
2019      
Total 152,107 38,144  
2018      
Total 116,199 52,985  
2017      
Total 87,593 45,907  
Prior      
Total 263,711 148,568  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 178,256 106,202  
Total      
Total 904,806 448,045  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Real estate - commercial mortgage      
2021      
Total 633,014 786,806  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
2020      
Total 1,016,309 1,057,879  
Current period gross charge-offs (126) 0  
2019      
Total 1,390,901 1,340,341  
Current period gross charge-offs (84) 0  
2018      
Total 1,569,160 1,041,962  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
2017      
Total 1,181,456 783,725  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Prior      
Total 3,715,159 3,023,562  
Current period gross charge-offs (12,950) (424)  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 82,300 61,817  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Total      
Total 9,601,858 8,127,728  
Current period gross charge-offs (13,186) (17,999)  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Real estate - commercial mortgage | Pass      
2021      
Total 623,742 783,673  
2020      
Total 898,296 993,017  
2019      
Total 1,138,669 1,203,852  
2018      
Total 1,316,000 984,958  
2017      
Total 1,077,625 721,857  
Prior      
Total 3,414,138 2,822,155  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 69,942 59,253  
Total      
Total 8,548,058 7,600,401  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Real estate - commercial mortgage | Special Mention      
2021      
Total 4,441 2,767  
2020      
Total 73,348 43,904  
2019      
Total 149,280 105,185  
2018      
Total 157,543 7,862  
2017      
Total 28,734 35,289  
Prior      
Total 107,099 105,786  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 10,978 1,760  
Total      
Total 531,423 302,553  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Real estate - commercial mortgage | Substandard or Lower      
2021      
Total 4,831 366  
2020      
Total 44,665 20,958  
2019      
Total 102,952 31,304  
2018      
Total 95,617 49,142  
2017      
Total 75,097 26,579  
Prior      
Total 193,922 95,621  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 1,380 804  
Total      
Total 522,377 224,774  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Commercial and Industrial      
2021      
Total 456,640 634,569  
Current period gross charge-offs (612) 0  
2020      
Total 511,646 624,864  
Current period gross charge-offs (3,709) (299)  
2019      
Total 567,301 351,686  
Current period gross charge-offs (2,560) 0  
2018      
Total 290,674 348,638  
Current period gross charge-offs (4,587) 0  
2017      
Total 285,534 297,931  
Current period gross charge-offs (317) 0  
Prior      
Total 793,002 648,988  
Current period gross charge-offs (7,612) (249)  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 1,669,896 1,621,208  
Current period gross charge-offs (3,553) (682)  
Total      
Total 4,605,589 4,545,552  
Current period gross charge-offs (26,585) (9,246)  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Commercial and Industrial | Pass      
2021      
Total 435,917 626,386  
2020      
Total 486,720 590,132  
2019      
Total 512,622 330,576  
2018      
Total 261,603 341,218  
2017      
Total 268,194 272,126  
Prior      
Total 684,931 598,838  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 1,375,201 1,443,203  
Total      
Total 4,031,534 4,213,215  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Commercial and Industrial | Special Mention      
2021      
Total 9,928 7,936  
2020      
Total 8,333 9,548  
2019      
Total 19,931 16,499  
2018      
Total 18,888 3,577  
2017      
Total 4,844 6,817  
Prior      
Total 58,632 18,487  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 117,940 72,775  
Total      
Total 238,809 135,837  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Commercial and Industrial | Substandard or Lower      
2021      
Total 10,795 247  
2020      
Total 16,593 25,184  
2019      
Total 34,748 4,611  
2018      
Total 10,183 3,843  
2017      
Total 12,496 18,988  
Prior      
Total 49,439 31,663  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 176,755 105,230  
Total      
Total 335,246 196,500  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Construction - Real Estate      
2021      
Total 197,206 322,922  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
2020      
Total 504,684 271,223  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
2019      
Total 252,354 289,710  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
2018      
Total 116,946 37,426  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
2017      
Total 9,722 9,850  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Prior      
Total 61,830 55,381  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 30,729 13,845  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Total      
Total 1,175,996 1,002,586  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Construction - Real Estate | Pass      
2021      
Total 197,206 322,922  
2020      
Total 494,072 258,080  
2019      
Total 157,296 261,583  
2018      
Total 37,438 37,426  
2017      
Total 8,784 9,510  
Prior      
Total 41,480 34,097  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 30,608 13,677  
Total      
Total 967,503 937,295  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Construction - Real Estate | Special Mention      
2021      
Total 0 0  
2020      
Total 10,612 12,622  
2019      
Total 80,651 25,898  
2018      
Total 69,109 0  
2017      
Total 938 0  
Prior      
Total 0 0  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Total      
Total 161,310 38,520  
Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Construction - Real Estate | Substandard or Lower      
2021      
Total 0 0  
2020      
Total 0 521  
2019      
Total 14,407 2,229  
2018      
Total 10,399 0  
2017      
Total 0 340  
Prior      
Total 20,350 21,284  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 121 168  
Total      
Total 47,183 26,771  
Payment Activity, Aging Status      
2021      
Total 912,394 1,189,985  
2020      
Total 998,060 1,583,817  
2019      
Total 1,804,966 1,815,951  
2018      
Total 1,815,735 1,074,318  
2017      
Total 1,087,446 320,549  
Prior      
Total 1,082,486 861,819  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 916,813 807,084  
Total      
Total 8,661,476 7,675,228  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Performing      
2021      
Total 912,071 1,189,690  
2020      
Total 995,854 1,579,989  
2019      
Total 1,795,602 1,810,197  
2018      
Total 1,810,796 1,069,335  
2017      
Total 1,081,147 313,962  
Prior      
Total 1,038,004 821,913  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 913,920 805,645  
Total      
Total 8,587,778 7,610,775  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Nonperforming      
2021      
Total 323 295  
2020      
Total 2,206 3,828  
2019      
Total 9,364 5,754  
2018      
Total 4,939 4,983  
2017      
Total 6,299 6,587  
Prior      
Total 44,482 39,906  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 2,893 1,439  
Total      
Total 73,698 64,453  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real-estate - home equity      
2021      
Total 178,958 272,866  
Current period gross charge-offs (118) (119)  
2020      
Total 117,218 276,828  
Current period gross charge-offs (1,016) 0  
2019      
Total 212,565 86,851  
Current period gross charge-offs (1,552) 0  
2018      
Total 66,375 62,708  
Current period gross charge-offs (790) 0  
2017      
Total 48,954 38,021  
Current period gross charge-offs (398) 0  
Prior      
Total 193,013 210,439  
Current period gross charge-offs (2,704) (525)  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 916,813 807,084  
Current period gross charge-offs (75) (283)  
Total      
Total 1,777,472 1,776,502  
Current period gross charge-offs (8,490) (7,514)  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real-estate - home equity | Performing      
2021      
Total 178,722 272,571  
2020      
Total 116,370 276,373  
2019      
Total 211,647 85,985  
2018      
Total 65,412 62,426  
2017      
Total 48,201 37,667  
Prior      
Total 188,442 204,913  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 913,920 805,645  
Total      
Total 1,763,098 1,765,624  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real-estate - home equity | Nonperforming      
2021      
Total 236 295  
2020      
Total 848 455  
2019      
Total 918 866  
2018      
Total 963 282  
2017      
Total 753 354  
Prior      
Total 4,571 5,526  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 2,893 1,439  
Total      
Total 14,374 10,878  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real estate – residential mortgage      
2021      
Total 471,005 623,247  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
2020      
Total 729,988 1,128,376  
Current period gross charge-offs (172) 0  
2019      
Total 1,520,639 1,687,647  
Current period gross charge-offs (106) 0  
2018      
Total 1,730,223 988,751  
Current period gross charge-offs (12) 0  
2017      
Total 1,027,639 266,282  
Current period gross charge-offs (43) 0  
Prior      
Total 870,149 631,620  
Current period gross charge-offs (888) 0  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Total      
Total 6,349,643 5,325,923  
Current period gross charge-offs (1,472) (62)  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real estate – residential mortgage | Performing      
2021      
Total 470,918 623,247  
2020      
Total 728,630 1,126,656  
2019      
Total 1,515,521 1,682,759  
2018      
Total 1,726,991 984,050  
2017      
Total 1,022,116 260,049  
Prior      
Total 839,566 607,133  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Total      
Total 6,303,742 5,283,894  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real estate – residential mortgage | Nonperforming      
2021      
Total 87 0  
2020      
Total 1,358 1,720  
2019      
Total 5,118 4,888  
2018      
Total 3,232 4,701  
2017      
Total 5,523 6,233  
Prior      
Total 30,583 24,487  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Total      
Total 45,901 42,029  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Leases and other loans      
2021      
Total 123,991 166,490  
Current period gross charge-offs (1,977) (471)  
2020      
Total 89,006 83,759  
Current period gross charge-offs (913) (521)  
2019      
Total 54,646 27,755  
Current period gross charge-offs (335) (246)  
2018      
Total 17,638 22,304  
Current period gross charge-offs (334) (128)  
2017      
Total 10,853 16,246  
Current period gross charge-offs (192) (82)  
Prior      
Total 19,324 19,760  
Current period gross charge-offs (770) (656)  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 (765)  
Total      
Total 315,458 336,314  
Current period gross charge-offs (4,696) (4,380)  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Leases and other loans | Performing      
2021      
Total 123,991 166,490  
2020      
Total 89,006 83,641  
2019      
Total 52,724 27,755  
2018      
Total 16,894 22,304  
2017      
Total 10,830 16,246  
Prior      
Total 9,996 9,867  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Total      
Total 303,441 326,303  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Leases and other loans | Nonperforming      
2021      
Total 0 0  
2020      
Total 0 118  
2019      
Total 1,922 0  
2018      
Total 744 0  
2017      
Total 23 0  
Prior      
Total 9,328 9,893  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Total      
Total 12,017 10,011  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Construction - other      
2021      
Total 138,440 127,382  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
2020      
Total 61,848 94,854  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
2019      
Total 17,116 13,698  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
2018      
Total 1,499 555  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
2017      
Total 0 0  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Prior      
Total 0 0  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Total      
Total 218,903 236,489  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Construction - other | Performing      
2021      
Total 138,440 127,382  
2020      
Total 61,848 93,319  
2019      
Total 15,710 13,698  
2018      
Total 1,499 555  
2017      
Total 0 0  
Prior      
Total 0 0  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Total      
Total 217,497 234,954  
Payment Activity, Aging Status | Construction - other | Nonperforming      
2021      
Total 0 0  
2020      
Total 0 1,535  
2019      
Total 1,406 0  
2018      
Total 0 0  
2017      
Total 0 0  
Prior      
Total 0 0  
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Total      
Total 1,406 1,535  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 46,980 51,533  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Pass      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 16,611 42,372  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Special Mention      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 313 198  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Substandard or Lower      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 30,056 8,963  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Real estate - commercial mortgage      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 13,559 31,636  
Current period gross charge-offs (26) (17,575)  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Real estate - commercial mortgage | Pass      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 9,646 31,636  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Real estate - commercial mortgage | Special Mention      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Real estate - commercial mortgage | Substandard or Lower      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 3,913 0  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Commercial and Industrial      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 30,896 17,668  
Current period gross charge-offs (3,635) (8,016)  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Commercial and Industrial | Pass      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 6,346 10,736  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Commercial and Industrial | Special Mention      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 313 198  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Commercial and Industrial | Substandard or Lower      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 24,237 6,734  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Construction - Real Estate      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 2,525 2,229  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Construction - Real Estate | Pass      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 619 0  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Construction - Real Estate | Special Mention      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Conversion to Term Loan | Portfolio Segment and Loan Class | Construction - Real Estate | Substandard or Lower      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 1,906 2,229  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 43,576 21,705  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Performing      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 40,384 20,044  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Nonperforming      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 3,192 1,661  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real-estate - home equity      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 43,576 21,705  
Current period gross charge-offs (1,837) (6,587)  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real-estate - home equity | Performing      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 40,384 20,044  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real-estate - home equity | Nonperforming      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 3,192 1,661  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real estate – residential mortgage      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Current period gross charge-offs (251) (62)  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real estate – residential mortgage | Performing      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Real estate – residential mortgage | Nonperforming      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Leases and other loans      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Current period gross charge-offs (175) (1,511)  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Leases and other loans | Performing      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Leases and other loans | Nonperforming      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Construction - other      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Current period gross charge-offs 0 0  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Construction - other | Performing      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total 0 0  
Conversion to Term Loan | Payment Activity, Aging Status | Construction - other | Nonperforming      
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis      
Total $ 0 $ 0  
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Non-Performing Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual $ 189,293 $ 121,620
Total 24,044,919 21,351,094
Total non-performing loans 220,074 153,341
OREO 2,621 896
Total non-performing assets 222,695 154,237
Mortgage loans in process of foreclosure 17,500 10,900
Financial Asset, Equal to or Greater than 90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]    
Total $ 30,781 $ 31,721
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Past Due Loan Status and Non-Accrual Loans by Portfolio Segment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total $ 24,044,919 $ 21,351,094
≥ 90 Days Past Due and Accruing 30,781 31,721
Non- accrual 189,293 121,620
Financial Asset, 30 to 59 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 115,714 80,007
Financial Asset, 60 to 89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 34,218 18,850
Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 23,674,913 21,098,896
Real estate - commercial mortgage    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 9,601,858 8,127,728
≥ 90 Days Past Due and Accruing 2,862 1,722
Non- accrual 99,497 44,805
Real estate - commercial mortgage | Financial Asset, 30 to 59 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 32,715 4,408
Real estate - commercial mortgage | Financial Asset, 60 to 89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 16,684 1,341
Real estate - commercial mortgage | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 9,450,100 8,075,452
Commercial and Industrial    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 4,605,589 4,545,552
≥ 90 Days Past Due and Accruing 1,460 1,068
Non- accrual 42,217 39,952
Commercial and Industrial | Financial Asset, 30 to 59 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 6,031 5,620
Commercial and Industrial | Financial Asset, 60 to 89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 3,636 1,656
Commercial and Industrial | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 4,552,245 4,497,256
Real estate – residential mortgage    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 6,349,643 5,325,923
≥ 90 Days Past Due and Accruing 20,501 21,205
Non- accrual 25,400 20,824
Real estate – residential mortgage | Financial Asset, 30 to 59 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 59,593 49,145
Real estate – residential mortgage | Financial Asset, 60 to 89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 5,946 10,838
Real estate – residential mortgage | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 6,238,203 5,223,911
Real-estate - home equity    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 1,160,616 1,047,184
≥ 90 Days Past Due and Accruing 4,758 5,326
Non- accrual 8,591 4,753
Real-estate - home equity | Financial Asset, 30 to 59 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 6,778 8,142
Real-estate - home equity | Financial Asset, 60 to 89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 1,057 2,075
Real-estate - home equity | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 1,139,432 1,026,888
Real-estate - construction    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 1,394,899 1,239,075
≥ 90 Days Past Due and Accruing 0 1,535
Non- accrual 1,746 1,341
Real-estate - construction | Financial Asset, 30 to 59 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 3,549 4,185
Real-estate - construction | Financial Asset, 60 to 89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 5,163 451
Real-estate - construction | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 1,384,441 1,231,563
Consumer    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 616,856 729,318
≥ 90 Days Past Due and Accruing 1,017 747
Non- accrual 8 52
Consumer | Financial Asset, 30 to 59 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 6,779 8,361
Consumer | Financial Asset, 60 to 89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 1,627 1,767
Consumer | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 607,425 718,391
Leases and other loans    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 315,458 336,314
≥ 90 Days Past Due and Accruing 183 118
Non- accrual 11,834 9,893
Leases and other loans | Financial Asset, 30 to 59 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 269 146
Leases and other loans | Financial Asset, 60 to 89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total 105 722
Leases and other loans | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Past Due [Line Items]    
Total $ 303,067 $ 325,435
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Amortized Cost on Modified Loans (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis $ 36,992 $ 23,096
Extended Maturity and Interest Rate Reduction    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 2,365 910
Real estate - commercial mortgage    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis $ 20,501 $ 2,944
Real estate - commercial mortgage | Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
% of Class of Financing Receivable 0.21% 0.04%
Commercial and Industrial | Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis $ 3,913 $ 11,970
% of Class of Financing Receivable 0.08% 0.26%
Real estate – residential mortgage | Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis $ 11,604 $ 8,182
% of Class of Financing Receivable 0.18% 0.15%
Real estate – residential mortgage | Extended Maturity and Interest Rate Reduction    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis $ 2,365 $ 910
% of Class of Financing Receivable 0.04% 0.02%
Home Equity Loan | Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis $ 379 $ 0
% of Class of Financing Receivable 0.03% 0.00%
Real-estate - construction | Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis $ 595 $ 0
Construction | Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
% of Class of Financing Receivable 0.04% 0.00%
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Term Extension on Modified Loans (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Real estate - commercial mortgage | Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Loan modifications, added weighted average life (in years) 1 year 11 months 26 days 1 year 2 months 19 days
Commercial and Industrial | Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Loan modifications, added weighted average life (in years) 8 months 1 day 11 months 1 day
Real estate – residential mortgage | Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Loan modifications, added weighted average life (in years) 8 years 11 months 23 days 8 years 1 month 6 days
Real estate – residential mortgage | Extended Maturity and Interest Rate Reduction | Minimum    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Loan modification, reduced weighted-average interest rate 2.35% 3.76%
Real estate – residential mortgage | Extended Maturity and Interest Rate Reduction | Maximum    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Loan modification, reduced weighted-average interest rate 1.40% 2.30%
Home Equity Loan | Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Loan modifications, added weighted average life (in years) 14 years 3 months 18 days  
Real-estate - construction | Extended Maturity    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Loan modifications, added weighted average life (in years) 8 months 1 day  
v3.25.0.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses - Performance of Loans Modified in Period (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis $ 32,656  
30-89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 2,041  
90+ Past Due and Accruing    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 642  
Financial assets, total past due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 2,683  
Real estate - commercial mortgage    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 20,501 $ 2,944
Real estate - commercial mortgage | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 16,321  
Real estate - commercial mortgage | 30-89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 123  
Real estate - commercial mortgage | 90+ Past Due and Accruing    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 0  
Real estate - commercial mortgage | Financial assets, total past due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 123  
Commercial and Industrial | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 3,913  
Commercial and Industrial | 30-89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 0  
Commercial and Industrial | 90+ Past Due and Accruing    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 0  
Commercial and Industrial | Financial assets, total past due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 0  
Real estate – residential mortgage | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 11,448  
Real estate – residential mortgage | 30-89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 1,918  
Real estate – residential mortgage | 90+ Past Due and Accruing    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 642  
Real estate – residential mortgage | Financial assets, total past due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 2,560  
Home Equity Loan | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 379  
Home Equity Loan | 30-89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 0  
Home Equity Loan | 90+ Past Due and Accruing    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 0  
Home Equity Loan | Financial assets, total past due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 0  
Construction | Financial Asset, Not Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 595  
Construction | 30-89 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 0  
Construction | 90+ Past Due and Accruing    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis 0  
Construction | Financial assets, total past due    
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]    
Amortization Cost Basis $ 0  
v3.25.0.1
Premises and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total premises and equipment $ 525,516 $ 579,043
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (329,989) (356,162)
Net premises and equipment 195,527 222,881
Land    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total premises and equipment 36,080 39,742
Buildings and improvements    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total premises and equipment 310,786 365,744
Furniture and equipment    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total premises and equipment 173,778 161,244
Construction in progress    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Total premises and equipment $ 4,872 $ 12,313
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Servicing Rights Summary of Changes in Mortgage Servicing Rights (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Servicing Asset [Abstract]      
Estimated fair value of MSRs $ 54,000 $ 49,700 $ 50,000
Residential mortgage      
Amortized Cost:      
Balance at beginning of period 31,602 34,217 35,993
Originations of MSRs 3,758 2,475 4,067
Amortization (4,669) (5,090) (5,843)
Balance at end of period 30,691 31,602 34,217
Servicing Asset [Abstract]      
Beginning balance 0 0 (600)
Reduction (addition) to valuation allowance 0 0 600
Ending balance 0 0 0
Net MSRs at end of year 30,691 31,602 34,217
Estimated fair value of MSRs $ 53,972 $ 49,696 $ 50,044
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Servicing Rights Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Servicing Assets at Amortized Value [Line Items]        
Loans serviced by unrelated third party $ 4,100,000 $ 4,100,000    
Estimated fair value of MSRs 54,000 49,700 $ 50,000  
Non-interest income before investment securities gains 296,014 228,411 227,157  
Mortgage banking        
Servicing Assets at Amortized Value [Line Items]        
Non-interest income before investment securities gains 13,943 10,388 14,204  
Residential mortgage        
Servicing Assets at Amortized Value [Line Items]        
Estimated fair value of MSRs 53,972 49,696 50,044  
Increase to valuation allowance 0 0 0 $ 600
Amortization expense 4,669 $ 5,090 $ 5,843  
Residential mortgage | Mortgage banking        
Servicing Assets at Amortized Value [Line Items]        
Non-interest income before investment securities gains $ 10,200      
v3.25.0.1
Mortgage Servicing Rights - MSR Amortization Expense (Details) - Mortgage
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Servicing Assets at Amortized Value [Line Items]  
2025 $ 3,509
2026 3,169
2027 2,856
2028 2,577
2029 2,331
Thereafter 16,249
Total estimated amortization expense $ 30,691
v3.25.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 01, 2022
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]      
Goodwill   $ 553,300,000 $ 553,300,000
Goodwill impairment charges   0  
Goodwill [Line Items]      
Amortizing intangible assets   106,196,000 13,596,000
Accumulated amortization   (24,085,000) (6,255,000)
Other Intangible Assets, Net   82,111,000  
Net intangibles     7,341,000
Prudential      
Goodwill [Line Items]      
Amortizing intangible assets   $ 80,200,000 $ 4,900,000
Prudential | Core Deposits      
Goodwill [Line Items]      
Amortization period of acquired intangible assets 7 years    
v3.25.0.1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Amortization (Details) - Prudential
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]  
2025 $ 22,010
2026 18,667
2027 15,066
2028 11,213
2029 7,717
Thereafter 5,512
Total estimated amortization expense $ 80,185
v3.25.0.1
Deposits (Details) - USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Deposits [Line Items]    
Noninterest-bearing demand $ 5,499,760,000 $ 5,314,094,000
Interest-bearing demand 7,843,604,000 5,722,695,000
Savings and money market accounts 7,792,114,000 6,616,901,000
Total demand and savings 21,135,478,000 17,653,690,000
Brokered deposits 843,857,000 1,144,692,000
Time deposits 4,150,098,000 2,739,241,000
Total Deposits 26,129,433,000 21,537,623,000
Time Deposits, $250,000 or More 1,000,000,000.0 551,200,000
Maturities of Time Deposits [Abstract]    
2022 3,801,297,000  
2023 242,638,000  
2024 40,071,000  
2025 10,130,000  
2026 11,908,000  
Thereafter 44,054,000  
Total 4,150,098,000 2,739,241,000
Certificates of Deposit    
Deposits [Line Items]    
Time Deposits, $100,000 or More $ 2,500,000,000 $ 1,500,000,000
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings - Schedule of Amount Outstanding (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]    
Federal funds purchased $ 0 $ 240,000
FHLB advances 850,000 1,100,000
Other borrowings:    
Short-term promissory notes issued to customers and customer repurchase agreements 563,831 611,304
Other Borrowings, Other, Activity for Year, Maximum Outstanding at any Month End 1,155 1,151
Other borrowings 901 838
Total other borrowings 564,732 612,142
Borrowings, maximum amounts outstanding    
Federal funds purchased, maximum outstanding 125,000 862,000
Federal Home Loan Bank advances, maximum outstanding 1,706,621 1,720,000
Customer funding, maximum outstanding $ 625,829 $ 646,439
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 16, 2022
Jun. 30, 2015
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Mar. 31, 2022
Jun. 30, 2017
Nov. 30, 2014
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Maximum borrowing capacity     $ 2,600,000,000          
Long-term line of credit     0          
Collateralized borrowings availability at discount window     3,100,000,000 $ 3,100,000,000        
Collateralized borrowings availability at discount window, amount outstanding     0          
Repayments of senior debt     168,778,000 $ 5,000,000 $ 81,496,000      
Federal Home Loan Bank advances                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Unused borrowing capacity     6,000,000,000.0          
debt instrument total borrowing capacity     11,100,000,000          
Senior Notes | 3.60% Senior Notes                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of senior debt $ 65,000,000              
Senior Notes | 3.25% Senior Notes                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Repayments of senior debt     $ 5,000,000          
Subordinated debt                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Effective interest rate (as a percent)             4.69%  
Subordinated borrowings fixed rate (as a percent)   4.50%            
Subordinated debt | November 2024 Subordinated Debt                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Stated interest rate (as a percent)               4.50%
Effective interest rate (as a percent)               4.87%
Subordinated debt | 3.25% Notes due 2030                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Stated interest rate (as a percent)           3.25%    
Debt instrument, face amount           $ 200,000,000.0    
Effective interest rate (as a percent)           3.35%    
Subordinated debt | 3.75% Notes due 2035                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Stated interest rate (as a percent)           3.75%    
Debt instrument, face amount           $ 175,000,000.0    
Effective interest rate (as a percent)           3.85%    
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings - Schedule of Senior and Subordinated Debts (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Senior debt and subordinated debt $ 367,316 $ 535,384
Subordinated debt    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Senior debt and subordinated debt 370,000 538,778
Unamortized discounts and issuance costs    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Senior debt and subordinated debt $ 2,684 $ 3,394
v3.25.0.1
Borrowings - Schedule of Debt Maturities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]    
2023 $ 0  
2024 0  
2025 0  
2026 0  
2027 0  
Thereafter 370,000  
Unamortized discounts and issuance costs (2,684)  
Senior debt and subordinated debt $ 367,316 $ 535,384
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments Notional Amounts and Fair Values of Derivative Financial Instruments (Details)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Security
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Security
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset $ 159,250 $ 157,612
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability (254,332) (245,584)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months 1,143,727 146,416
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (15,221) (3,240)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 1,776,769 2,145,336
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (299,284) (298,236)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 2,920,496 2,291,752
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss (314,505) (301,476)
Estimated Fair Value, Less Than 12 Months 155,726 0
Unrealized Losses, Less Than 12 Months $ (1,754) $ 0
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, number of positions | Security 180 180
Estimated Fair Value, 12 Months or Longer $ 1,008,973 $ 1,072,207
Unrealized Losses, 12 Months or Longer (210,368) (195,715)
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value 1,164,699 1,072,207
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (212,122) $ (195,715)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 78 56
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 7 0
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 600 671
U.S. Government securities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months   $ 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss   0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer   42,161
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer   (314)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position   42,161
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss   $ (314)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security   0
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security   1
Residential mortgage-backed securities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months $ 777,695 $ 409
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (9,178) (3)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 174,284 195,453
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (30,823) (26,482)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 951,979 195,862
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss (40,001) (26,485)
Estimated Fair Value, Less Than 12 Months 155,726 0
Unrealized Losses, Less Than 12 Months $ (1,754) 0
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, number of positions | Security 120  
Estimated Fair Value, 12 Months or Longer $ 303,220 355,270
Unrealized Losses, 12 Months or Longer (58,408) (51,805)
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value 458,946 355,270
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (60,162) $ (51,805)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 42 6
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 7 0
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 69 69
Commercial mortgage-backed securities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months $ 19,291 $ 26,907
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (875) (1,053)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 497,591 507,481
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (99,848) (91,923)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 516,882 534,388
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss (100,723) (92,976)
Estimated Fair Value, Less Than 12 Months 0 0
Unrealized Losses, Less Than 12 Months $ 0 $ 0
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, number of positions | Security 60 120
Estimated Fair Value, 12 Months or Longer $ 705,753 $ 716,937
Unrealized Losses, 12 Months or Longer (151,960) (143,910)
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value 705,753 716,937
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (151,960) $ (143,910)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 1 2
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 0 0
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 135 133
US Government Agencies Debt Securities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months   $ 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss   0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer   1,010
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer   (28)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position   1,010
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss   $ (28)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security   0
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security   1
State and municipal securities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months $ 53,026 $ 76,155
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (1,692) (858)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 755,310 917,274
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (143,754) (128,789)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 808,336 993,429
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (145,446) $ (129,647)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 22 40
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 272 314
Corporate debt securities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months $ 4,844 $ 42,945
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (13) (1,326)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 264,099 370,523
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (14,421) (39,310)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 268,943 413,468
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (14,434) $ (40,636)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 1 8
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 47 60
Collateralized mortgage obligations    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months $ 288,871 $ 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss (3,463) 0
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer 85,485 111,434
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer (10,438) (11,390)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position 374,356 111,434
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss $ (13,901) $ (11,390)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Number of Positions | Security 12 0
Debt securities, available for sale, number of positions | Security 77 93
Interest Rate Locks with Customers    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount $ 171,933 $ 119,558
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount 3,888 1,015
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 389 460
Interest Rate Locks with Customers | Other Liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability (58) (2)
Forward Commitments    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount 51,250 0
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount 0 42,000
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 363 0
Forward Commitments | Other Liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability 0 (854)
Interest Rate Swap With Customer [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount 767,905 824,659
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount 3,976,294 3,784,236
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 8,480 22,656
Interest Rate Swap With Customer [Member] | Other Liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability (239,058) (222,530)
Interest Rate Swap With Counterparty [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount 3,976,294 3,784,236
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount 767,905 824,659
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 150,480 128,235
Interest Rate Swap With Counterparty [Member] | Other Liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability (10,734) (23,023)
Interest Rate Swaps Used in Cash Flow Hedges [Member]    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount 2,500,000 2,500,000
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount 1,400,000 750,000
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 227 6,189
Interest Rate Swaps Used in Cash Flow Hedges [Member] | Other Liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability (2,971) 0
Foreign Exchange Contracts with Customers    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount 28,327 4,159
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount 693 13,353
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 1,619 40
Foreign Exchange Contracts with Customers | Other Liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability (27) (446)
Foreign Exchange Contracts with Correspondent Banks    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Asset, Notional Amount 4,059 15,969
Derivative Liability, Notional Amount 32,406 6,112
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset 63 532
Foreign Exchange Contracts with Correspondent Banks | Other Liabilities    
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]    
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability $ (1,569) $ (31)
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments Summary of Effect of Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedge Accounting on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Derivative [Line Items]      
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative $ 590,000 $ 6,998,000 $ (62,963,000)
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges (18,141,000) (19,995,000) $ (6,004,000)
Cash Flow Hedge Gain (Loss) to be Reclassified within Twelve Months 16,500,000    
Interest Rate Swap      
Derivative [Line Items]      
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative 764,000 9,048,000  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Included Component 764,000 9,048,000  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Excluded Component 0 0  
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges (23,453,000) (25,850,000)  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Included Component (23,453,000) (25,850,000)  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Excluded Component 0 0  
Interest Rate Swap | Interest Income      
Derivative [Line Items]      
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (10,261,000) 19,598,000  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Included Component (10,261,000) 19,598,000  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Excluded Component 0 0  
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges (29,899,000) (27,546,000)  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Included Component (29,899,000) (27,546,000)  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Excluded Component 0 0  
Interest Rate Swap | Interest Expense      
Derivative [Line Items]      
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative 11,025,000 (10,550,000)  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Included Component 11,025,000 (10,550,000)  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI Excluded Component 0 0  
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges 6,446,000 1,696,000  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Included Component 6,446,000 1,696,000  
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income Excluded Component $ 0 $ 0  
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments Fair Value Gains and Losses on Derivative Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]      
Net fair value gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments $ 1,500 $ (2,228) $ (2,279)
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Other interest income, Other, Non-interest income before investment securities gains Other interest income, Other, Non-interest income before investment securities gains Other interest income, Other, Non-interest income before investment securities gains
Mortgage Banking Derivatives      
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]      
Net fair value gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments $ 1,090 $ (380) $ (2,360)
Interest Rate Swap      
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]      
Net fair value gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments 419 (1,855) 0
Foreign Exchange Contract      
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]      
Net fair value gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments $ (9) $ 7 $ 81
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments Fair Value Option (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale $ 25,618 $ 15,158
Mortgage Loans Held For Sale | Cost    
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale 25,316 14,792
Mortgage Loans Held For Sale | Fair value    
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale $ 25,618 $ 15,158
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Jan. 31, 2023
Interest Rate Contract, Terminated        
Derivative [Line Items]        
Unrealized losses reclassified to earnings $ 22.1      
Interest Rate Contract, Terminated | Cash Flow Hedging        
Derivative [Line Items]        
Derivative, notional amount       $ 1,000.0
Mortgage Loans Held For Sale        
Derivative [Line Items]        
Gains (losses) related to changes in fair values of mortgage loans held for sale $ (0.1) $ 0.3 $ (0.6)  
v3.25.0.1
Derivative Financial Instruments Offsetting Derivative Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Offsetting Assets [Line Items]    
Derivative asset, fair value $ 159,250 $ 157,612
Financial Instruments (12,802) (15,686)
Derivative, Collateral, Obligation to Return Cash 0 0
Net Amount 146,448 141,926
Derivative liability, gross liability 254,332 245,584
Derivative liability, Collateral, Right to Reclaim Securities (10,058) (21,875)
Derivative liability, Collateral, Right to Reclaim Cash (94,339) (93,841)
Derivative liability, Net Amount 149,935 129,868
Interest Rate Swap    
Offsetting Assets [Line Items]    
Derivative asset, fair value 159,187 157,080
Financial Instruments (12,739) (15,154)
Derivative, Collateral, Obligation to Return Cash 0 0
Net Amount 146,448 141,926
Derivative liability, gross liability 252,763 245,553
Derivative liability, Collateral, Right to Reclaim Securities (9,995) (21,343)
Derivative liability, Collateral, Right to Reclaim Cash (94,339) (93,841)
Derivative liability, Net Amount 148,429 130,369
Foreign Exchange Contract    
Offsetting Assets [Line Items]    
Derivative asset, fair value 63 532
Financial Instruments (63) (532)
Derivative, Collateral, Obligation to Return Cash 0 0
Net Amount 0 0
Derivative liability, gross liability 1,569 31
Derivative liability, Collateral, Right to Reclaim Securities (63) (532)
Derivative liability, Collateral, Right to Reclaim Cash 0 0
Derivative liability, Net Amount $ 1,506 $ (501)
v3.25.0.1
Regulatory Matters (Details)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]    
Total amount available for payment of dividends $ 334,400  
Maximum allowed percentage of loans issued to a single affiliate 10.00%  
Maximum allowed percentage of loans issued to all affiliates 20.00%  
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):    
Capital $ 3,544,021 $ 3,184,496
Capital to risk weighted assets 0.143 0.140
Capital required for capital adequacy $ 1,986,754 $ 1,817,712
Capital required for capital adequacy to risk weighted assets 0.080 0.080
Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):    
Tier one risk based capital $ 2,866,143 $ 2,541,819
Tier one risk based capital to risk weighted assets 0.115 0.112
Tier one risk based capital required for capital adequacy $ 1,490,065 $ 1,363,284
Tier one risk based capital required for capital adequacy to risk weighted assets 0.060 0.060
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):    
Common equity tier 1 capital $ 2,673,265 $ 2,348,941
Common equity tier one capital ratio 0.108 0.103
Common equity tier one capital required for capital adequacy $ 1,117,549 $ 1,022,463
Common equity tier one capital required for capital adequacy to risk weighted assets 4.50% 4.50%
Tier I Leverage Capital (to Average Assets):    
Tier one leverage capital $ 2,866,143 $ 2,541,819
Tier one leverage capital to average assets 0.090 0.095
Tier one leverage capital required for capital adequacy $ 1,269,248 $ 1,072,189
Tier one leverage capital required for capital adequacy to average assets 0.040 0.040
Fulton Bank, N.A.    
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):    
Capital $ 3,338,891 $ 2,896,908
Capital to risk weighted assets 0.135 0.128
Capital required for capital adequacy $ 1,976,697 $ 1,809,836
Capital required for capital adequacy to risk weighted assets 0.080 0.080
Capital required to be well capitalized $ 2,470,871 $ 2,262,295
Capital required to be well capitalized to risk weighted assets 0.100 0.100
Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):    
Tier one risk based capital $ 3,029,881 $ 2,620,837
Tier one risk based capital to risk weighted assets 0.123 0.116
Tier one risk based capital required for capital adequacy $ 1,482,523 $ 1,357,377
Tier one risk based capital required for capital adequacy to risk weighted assets 0.060 0.060
Tier one risk based capital required to be well capitalized $ 1,976,697 $ 1,809,836
Tier one risk based capital required to be well capitalized to risk weighted assets 0.080 0.080
Common Equity Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):    
Common equity tier 1 capital $ 2,985,881 $ 2,576,837
Common equity tier one capital ratio 0.121 0.114
Common equity tier one capital required for capital adequacy $ 1,111,892 $ 1,018,033
Common equity tier one capital required for capital adequacy to risk weighted assets 4.50% 4.50%
Common equity tier one capital required to be well-capitalized $ 1,606,066 $ 1,470,492
Common equity tier one capital required to be well capitalized to risk weighted assets 6.50% 6.50%
Tier I Leverage Capital (to Average Assets):    
Tier one leverage capital $ 3,029,881 $ 2,620,837
Tier one leverage capital to average assets 0.096 0.096
Tier one leverage capital required for capital adequacy $ 1,265,809 $ 1,089,195
Tier one leverage capital required for capital adequacy to average assets 0.040 0.040
Tier one leverage capital required to be well capitalized $ 1,582,261 $ 1,361,494
Tier one leverage capital required to be well capitalized to average assets 0.050 0.050
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes Expense (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Current tax expense:      
Federal $ 66,817 $ 49,707 $ 44,478
State 12,256 11,137 6,906
Total 79,073 60,844 51,384
Deferred tax (benefit) expense:      
Federal (20,248) 3,021 8,974
State (2,939) 576 (324)
Total (23,187) 3,597 8,650
Total income tax expense $ 55,886 $ 64,441 $ 60,034
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes Effective Tax Rate (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent [Abstract]      
Statutory tax rate 21.00% 21.00% 21.00%
Tax credit investments (0.30%) (1.30%) (2.00%)
Tax-exempt income (4.30%) (4.20%) (3.50%)
Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation Bargain purchase gain (2.30%) 0.00% 0.00%
Bank owned life insurance (0.90%) (0.80%) (0.70%)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit 1.90% 2.60% 1.20%
Executive compensation 0.10% 0.30% 0.30%
FDIC Premium 0.80% 0.50% 0.30%
Other, net 0.20% 0.40% 0.70%
Effective income tax rate 16.20% 18.50% 17.30%
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes Deferred Tax Assets And Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Deferred tax assets:      
Allowance for credit losses $ 90,148 $ 71,013  
Tax credit carryforwards 0 4,995  
State loss carryforwards 26,118 27,948  
Lease liability 34,921 21,570  
Other accrued expenses 16,142 11,082  
Deferred compensation 11,138 10,215  
Stock-based compensation 5,458 5,129  
Deferred losses from terminated cash flow hedges 5,889 7,460  
Other 7,444 5,469  
Total gross deferred tax assets 282,774 255,552  
Deferred tax liabilities:      
Equipment lease financing 45,644 47,345  
Right-of-use-asset 31,960 20,022  
Tax credit investments 2,033 1,747  
Premises and equipment 736 1,678  
MSRs 6,952 7,158  
Acquisition premiums/discounts 16,360 5,508  
Postretirement and defined benefit plans 5,560 3,438  
Total gross deferred tax liabilities 109,245 86,896  
Net deferred tax asset, before valuation allowance 173,529 168,656  
Valuation allowance (26,118) (27,948)  
Net deferred tax asset 147,411 140,708  
State and local operating loss carryforwards 389,300 354,100  
Tax credits and benefits (26,762) (28,748) $ (27,154)
Deferred Tax Asset, Tax Deferred Expense, Reserve and Accrual, Unrealized Holding Loss on Securities $ 85,516 $ 90,671  
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes Unrecognized Benefit (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits [Roll Forward]      
Balance at beginning of year $ 1,044 $ 1,228 $ 1,673
Current period tax positions 120 147 112
Lapse of statute of limitations (104) (331) (557)
Balance at end of year 1,060 1,044 $ 1,228
Lapse of statute of limitations, approximate reversal next fiscal year 82    
Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate 134    
Income tax penalties and interest accrued 177 300  
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Income Tax Penalties and Interest Expense Recovery $ (168) $ (138)  
v3.25.0.1
Income Taxes TCIs and Related Unfunded Commitments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]      
Affordable housing tax credit investments, net $ 211,572 $ 170,115  
Other tax credit investments, net 29,649 35,907  
Total TCIs, net 241,221 206,022  
Unfunded affordable housing tax credit commitments 84,572 58,312  
Other tax credit liabilities 24,109 28,361  
Total unfunded tax credit commitments and liabilities 108,681 86,673  
Tax credits and benefits (26,762) (28,748) $ (27,154)
Amortization of tax credits and benefits, net of tax benefits 25,069 23,446 19,298
Deferred tax expense 559 610 766
Total reduction in income tax expense (1,134) (4,692) (7,090)
Total amortization of TCIs $ 0 $ 0 $ 2,783
Investment, Proportional Amortization Method, Elected, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other liabilities Other liabilities  
Investment Program, Proportional Amortization Method, Applied, Amortization Expense, Statement of Cash Flows [Extensible Enumeration] Net Income Net Income  
Investment Program, Proportional Amortization Method, Applied, Amortization Expense, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Income tax benefit Income tax benefit  
v3.25.0.1
Net Income Per Common Share (Details) - shares
shares in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]      
Weighted average common shares outstanding (basic) 175,523 165,241 164,119
Impact of common stock equivalents 1,700 1,528 1,353
Weighted average common shares outstanding (diluted) 177,223 166,769 165,472
v3.25.0.1
Shareholders' Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
May 01, 2024
Jul. 01, 2022
Oct. 29, 2020
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]              
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)       10,000,000 10,000,000    
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)       200,000 200,000    
Preferred stock, liquidation preference (in dollars per share)       $ 1,000 $ 1,000    
May 2024 Common Stock              
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]              
Sale of Stock, Price Per Share $ 15.00            
Sale of Stock, Number of Shares Issued in Transaction 19,166,667            
Sale of Stock, Consideration Received on Transaction $ 272,600            
Residential mortgage              
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]              
Valuation Allowance for Impairment of Recognized Servicing Assets, Balance       $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ (600)
Prudential              
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]              
Common shares issued (in shares)   6,208,516          
Depositary Shares              
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]              
Equivalent interest in share (as a percent)     2.50%        
Depositary Shares              
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]              
Stock issued (in shares)     8,000,000.0        
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)     200,000        
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)     200,000        
Preferred stock, liquidation preference (in dollars per share)     $ 25.00        
Series A Preferred Stock              
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]              
Preferred stock dividend rate (as a percent)     5.125%        
Preferred stock, liquidation preference (in dollars per share)     $ 1,000        
Aggregate offering amount     $ 200,000        
Common Stock | 2023 Share Repurchase Program              
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]              
Treasury stock, value         $ 100,000    
v3.25.0.1
Shareholders' Equity - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Before-Tax Amount      
OCI, Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Holding Gain (Loss), before Adjustment and Tax $ (28,993) $ 46,572 $ (403,606)
Reclassification adjustment for securities gains included in net income 20,283 (733) (27)
Amortization of net unrealized losses on available for sale securities transferred to held to maturity 7,251 7,644 (57,509)
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges 764 9,048 (81,400)
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges 23,453 25,850 7,761
Other comprehensive income, pension and other postretirement benefit plans, net unamortized gain (loss) arising during period, before tax 9,411 6,162 825
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement income (541) 73 128
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), before Tax, Total 31,628 94,616 (533,828)
Tax Effect      
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities 6,568 (10,549) 91,437
Reclassification adjustment for securities gains included in net income (4,594) 166 7
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS transferred to HTM (1,642) (1,731) 13,026
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges (174) (2,050) 18,437
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges (5,312) (5,855) (1,757)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Defined Benefit Plan, Gain (Loss) Arising During Period, Tax (2,132) (1,385) (181)
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement income 119 (16) (28)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Tax (7,167) (21,420) 120,941
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:      
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities (22,425) 36,023 (312,169)
Reclassification adjustment for securities gains (losses) included in net income 15,689 (567) (20)
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS transferred to HTM 5,609 5,913 (44,483)
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges 590 6,998 (62,963)
Reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized in net income on interest rate derivatives used in cash flow hedges 18,141 19,995 6,004
Unrecognized pension and postretirement income 7,279 4,777 644
Amortization of net unrecognized pension and postretirement items (422) 57 100
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) $ 24,461 $ 73,196 $ (412,887)
v3.25.0.1
Shareholders' Equity - Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Derivatives [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance $ (312,280)    
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM 5,609 $ 5,913 $ (44,483)
Ending Balance (287,819) (312,280)  
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investment Securities      
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Derivatives [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (274,862) (316,231) 40,441
OCI before reclassifications (22,425) 36,023 (312,169)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI 15,689 (567) (20)
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM 5,609 5,913 (44,483)
Ending Balance (275,989) (274,862) (316,231)
Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Interest Rate Derivatives used in Cash Flow Hedges      
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Derivatives [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (34,783) (61,776) (4,817)
OCI before reclassifications 590 6,998 (62,963)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI 18,141 19,995 6,004
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM 0 0 0
Ending Balance (16,052) (34,783) (61,776)
Unrecognized Pension and Postretirement Plan Income (Costs)      
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Derivatives [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (2,635) (7,469) (8,213)
OCI before reclassifications 7,279 4,777 644
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (422) 57 100
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM 0 0 0
Ending Balance 4,222 (2,635) (7,469)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income      
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Derivatives [Line Items]      
Beginning Balance (312,280) (385,476) 27,411
OCI before reclassifications (14,556) 47,798 (374,488)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI 33,408 19,485 6,084
Amortization of net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities transferred to HTM 5,609 5,913 (44,483)
Ending Balance $ (287,819) $ (312,280) $ (385,476)
v3.25.0.1
Shareholders' Equity - Common Stock Repurchase Plans (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands, shares in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]    
Common stock repurchase amount $ 30,348 $ 77,056
Common Stock | 2023 Share Repurchase Program    
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]    
Treasury stock, value   $ 100,000
Acquisition of treasury stock (in shares) 5.0  
Common stock repurchase amount $ 77,100  
Average cost per share of treasury stock acquired (usd per share) $ 15.32  
Common Stock | 2024 Share Repurchase    
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]    
Treasury stock, value $ 125,000  
Preferred Stock | 2024 Share Repurchase    
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]    
Treasury stock, value $ 25,000  
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation Plans Compensation Expense and Related Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Stock-based compensation $ 10,516 $ 12,540 $ 14,000
Stock Options And Restricted Stock      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Stock-based compensation 10,907 11,265 15,081
Tax benefit (2,466) (2,484) (2,690)
Total stock-based compensation, net of tax $ 8,441 $ 8,781 $ 12,391
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation Plans Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Tax benefits as a percentage of compensation expense 22.60% 22.10% 17.80%
Statutory tax rate 21.00% 21.00% 21.00%
Total unrecognized compensation cost $ 11.4    
Weighted average period for recognition of compensation expense 1 year 10 months 20 days    
Percentage of fair value at purchase date 85.00%    
Discount from market price, purchase date 15.00%    
Employee Option Plan [Member]      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Shares reserved for future grants under the stock option and compensation plan 3,800,000    
Directors' Plan      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Shares reserved for future grants under the stock option and compensation plan 325,100    
Restricted Stock/RSUs/PSUs      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Expected life of options 3 years 3 years 3 years
Weighted average grant date fair value, options granted (in dollars per share) $ 19.59 $ 10.63 $ 14.93
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation Plans Options Activity (Details) - Stock Options - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Stock Options      
Outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2023 40,135    
Exercised (39,310)    
Forfeited 0    
Expired (825)    
Outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2024 0 40,135  
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross 0 0  
Weighted Average Exercise Price      
Outstanding as of December 31, 2020 (usd per share) $ 12.61    
Exercised (usd per share) 12.61    
Forfeited (usd per share) 0    
Expired (usd per share) 12.61    
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021 (usd per share) $ 12.61 $ 12.61  
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Outstanding 0 years    
Additional Disclosures [Abstract]      
Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value $ 0    
Number of options exercised 39,310 $ 68,134 $ 130,503
Total intrinsic value of options exercised 116,000 249,000 842,000
Cash received from options exercised 496,000 805,000 1,402,000
Tax benefit from options exercised $ 23,000 $ 47,000 $ 163,000
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation Plans Nonvested (Details) - Restricted Stock/RSUs/PSUs
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
$ / shares
shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]  
Nonvested as of December 31, 2023 | shares 2,662,471
Granted | shares 933,962
Vested | shares (739,626)
Forfeited | shares (153,810)
Nonvested as of December 31, 2024 | shares 2,702,997
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Roll Forward]  
Nonvested as of December 31, 2020 (usd per share) | $ / shares $ 14.24
Granted (usd per share) | $ / shares 15.22
Vested (usd per share) | $ / shares 16.14
Forfeited (usd per share) | $ / shares 14.30
Nonvested as of December 31, 2021 (usd per share) | $ / shares $ 14.57
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation Plans Assumptions (Details) - Restricted Stock/RSUs/PSUs
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Risk-free interest rate 4.75% 3.84% 2.84%
Volatility of Corporation’s stock 30.54% 35.63% 43.46%
Expected life of options 3 years 3 years 3 years
v3.25.0.1
Stock-Based Compensation Plans ESPP (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]      
ESPP shares purchased 133,019 162,667 134,645
Average purchase price per share (85% of market value) $ 14.55 $ 11.68 $ 14.06
Compensation expense recognized (in thousands) $ 342 $ 348 $ 334
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans Benefits (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Retirement plan and pension plan, total $ 12,703 $ 12,394 $ 9,641
Other Postretirement Benefit Plan      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Pension Plan (503) (516) (491)
Other Postretirement Benefit Plan | 401k Plan      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
401(k) Retirement Plan $ 13,739 11,930 10,988
Maximum percentage of eligible employee’s covered compensation 5.00%    
Percentage of plan vested 100.00%    
Pension Plan      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Pension Plan $ (1,036) $ 464 $ (1,347)
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Pension Plans      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Interest cost $ 3,159 $ 3,269 $ 2,393
Expected return on assets (3,903) (3,436) (4,393)
Net amortization and deferral 0 631 653
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement 292 0 0
Net periodic benefit cost (1,036) 464 (1,347)
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans      
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]      
Interest cost 38 42 34
Net amortization and deferral (541) (558) (525)
Net periodic benefit cost $ (503) $ (516) $ (491)
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans Projected Benefit Obligation (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets [Roll Forward]      
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year $ 84,659,000    
Fair value of plan assets at end of year 85,595,000 $ 84,659,000  
Pension Plans      
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Benefit Obligation [Roll Forward]      
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year 68,952,000 68,716,000  
Interest cost 3,159,000 3,269,000 $ 2,393,000
Benefit payments (8,843,000) (4,687,000)  
Change in assumptions (4,323,000) 1,492,000  
Experience gain 484,000 162,000  
Projected benefit obligation at end of year 59,429,000 68,952,000 68,716,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets [Roll Forward]      
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 84,659,000 78,137,000  
Actual return on plan assets 9,779,000 11,209,000  
Fair value of plan assets at end of year 85,595,000 84,659,000 78,137,000
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans      
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Benefit Obligation [Roll Forward]      
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year 844,000 972,000  
Interest cost 38,000 42,000 34,000
Benefit payments (135,000) (147,000)  
Change in assumptions (36,000) 8,000  
Experience gain (42,000) 31,000  
Projected benefit obligation at end of year 753,000 844,000 $ 972,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets [Roll Forward]      
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 0    
Fair value of plan assets at end of year $ 0 $ 0  
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans Funded Status (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]      
Fair value of plan assets $ 85,595 $ 84,659  
Pension Plans      
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]      
Projected benefit obligation (59,429) (68,952) $ (68,716)
Fair value of plan assets 85,595 84,659 $ 78,137
Funded status $ 26,166 $ 15,707  
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans Unrecognized loss (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Beginning Balance $ (312,280)    
Unrecognized gains arising in current year 7,279 $ 4,777 $ 644
Ending Balance (287,819) (312,280)  
Unrecognized Pension and Postretirement Plan Income (Costs)      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Beginning Balance (2,635) (7,469) (8,213)
Ending Balance 4,222 (2,635) (7,469)
Pension Plans | Unrecognized Net Loss  (Gain)      
Before tax      
Beginning balance 5,320 12,070  
Reclass adjustment for postretirement plan gain included in net income 0 (631)  
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Defined Benefit Plan, Gain (Loss) Arising During Period, before Tax (9,417) (6,119)  
Ending balance (4,097) 5,320 12,070
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Beginning Balance 4,117 9,384  
Recognized component of periodic pension cost 0 (492)  
Unrecognized gains arising in current year (7,284) (4,775)  
Ending Balance (3,167) 4,117 9,384
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans | Unrecognized Prior Service Cost      
Before tax      
Beginning balance (1,620) (2,084)  
Reclass adjustment for postretirement plan gain included in net income 464 464  
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Defined Benefit Plan, Gain (Loss) Arising During Period, before Tax 0 0  
Ending balance (1,156) (1,620) (2,084)
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans | Unrecognized Net Loss  (Gain)      
Before tax      
Beginning balance (747) (818)  
Reclass adjustment for postretirement plan gain included in net income 77 94  
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Defined Benefit Plan, Gain (Loss) Arising During Period, before Tax 6 (23)  
Ending balance (664) (747) (818)
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans | Unrecognized Pension and Postretirement Plan Income (Costs)      
Before tax      
Beginning balance (2,367) (2,902)  
Reclass adjustment for postretirement plan gain included in net income 541 558  
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Defined Benefit Plan, Gain (Loss) Arising During Period, before Tax 6 (23)  
Ending balance (1,820) (2,367) (2,902)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]      
Beginning Balance (1,847) (2,264)  
Recognized component of periodic pension cost 422 435  
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans, Net Unamortized Gain (Loss) Arising During Period, Prior to Curtailment, Net of Tax   (18)  
Unrecognized gains arising in current year 5    
Ending Balance $ (1,420) $ (1,847) $ (2,264)
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans Rates (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Pension Plans      
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]      
Discount rate-projected benefit obligation 5.38% 4.73% 4.93%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 5.00% 5.00% 5.00%
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans      
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]      
Discount rate-projected benefit obligation 5.38% 4.73% 4.93%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 3.00% 3.00% 3.00%
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans Fair Value Of Plan Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]    
Fair value of plan assets $ 85,595 $ 84,659
Actual plan asset allocations 100.00% 100.00%
Equity securities    
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]    
Fair value of plan assets $ 47,855 $ 48,244
Actual plan asset allocations 55.90% 57.00%
Equity Funds    
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]    
Fair value of plan assets $ 31,369 $ 27,998
Mutual Funds    
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]    
Fair value of plan assets 16,486 20,246
Debt securities    
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]    
Fair value of plan assets $ 32,707 $ 31,423
Actual plan asset allocations 38.20% 37.10%
Money Market Funds    
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]    
Fair value of plan assets $ 5,534 $ 6,276
Fixed Income Funds    
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]    
Fair value of plan assets 13,590 12,639
Corporate debt securities    
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]    
Fair value of plan assets 4,090 2,600
US Government Agencies Debt Securities    
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]    
Fair value of plan assets 9,493 9,908
Other Alternative Investment Mutual Funds    
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items]    
Fair value of plan assets $ 5,033 $ 4,992
Actual plan asset allocations 5.90% 5.90%
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans Expected benefits (Details)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Pension Plans  
Defined Benefit Plan, Estimated Future Benefit Payments [Abstract]  
2022 $ 4,938
2023 5,005
2024 5,050
2025 5,058
2026 5,039
Thereafter 24,533
Total 49,623
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans  
Defined Benefit Plan, Estimated Future Benefit Payments [Abstract]  
2022 129
2023 116
2024 103
2025 92
2026 81
Thereafter 270
Total $ 791
v3.25.0.1
Employee Benefit Plans Multi-Employer Plan (Details)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Postemployment Benefits [Abstract]  
Multiemployer Plan, Pension, Significant, Employer Identification Number 231928421
Multiemployer Plan, Pension, Significant, Employer Contribution, Cost $ 355
Multiemployer Plan, Pension, Significant, Employer Contribution Exceeds 5 Percent [true false] true
Multiemployer Plan, Pension, Significant, Funded Status [Fixed List] At least 80 percent
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Costs and Supplemental Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]      
Operating lease expense $ 27,893 $ 19,372 $ 17,766
Variable lease expense 3,147 3,160 3,017
Sublease income (1,224) (1,111) (964)
Total lease expense 29,816 21,421 $ 19,819
ROU assets 140,997 88,188  
Lease liabilities $ 154,176 $ 95,230  
Weighted average remaining lease term 9 years 3 months 18 days 6 years 5 months 23 days  
Weighted average discount rate 5.51% 3.34%  
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities $ 25,161 $ 20,898  
ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations $ 78,278 $ 20,184  
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other assets Other assets  
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List] Other liabilities Other liabilities  
v3.25.0.1
Leases - Lease Payment Obligations (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]    
2023 $ 27,122  
2024 25,744  
2025 23,464  
2026 20,254  
Thereafter 91,077  
Total lease payments 204,330  
Less: imputed interest (50,154)  
Present value of lease liabilities $ 154,176 $ 95,230
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value $ 3,410,899 $ 2,398,352
Derivative Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other assets Other assets
Derivative Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration] Other liabilities Other liabilities
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale $ 25,618 $ 15,158
Estimated Fair Value 3,410,899 2,398,352
Investments held in Rabbi Trust 35,093 29,819
Derivative assets 161,621 158,112
Total assets 3,633,231 2,601,441
Deferred compensation liabilities 35,093 29,819
Derivative liabilities 254,417 246,634
Total liabilities 289,510 276,453
U.S. Government securities    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value   42,161
U.S. Government securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value   42,161
State and municipal securities    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 814,887 1,072,013
State and municipal securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 814,887 1,072,013
Corporate debt securities    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 300,370 440,551
Corporate debt securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 300,370 440,551
Collateralized mortgage obligations    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 788,885 111,434
Collateralized mortgage obligations | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 788,885 111,434
Residential mortgage-backed securities    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 989,875 196,795
Residential mortgage-backed securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 989,875 196,795
Commercial mortgage-backed securities    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 516,882 534,388
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 516,882 534,388
US Government Agencies Debt Securities    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value   1,010
US Government Agencies Debt Securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value   1,010
Level 1 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale 0 0
Estimated Fair Value 0 42,161
Investments held in Rabbi Trust 35,093 29,819
Derivative assets 1,682 572
Total assets 36,775 72,552
Deferred compensation liabilities 35,093 29,819
Derivative liabilities 1,596 477
Total liabilities 36,689 30,296
Level 1 | U.S. Government securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value   42,161
Level 1 | State and municipal securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Level 1 | Corporate debt securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Level 1 | Collateralized mortgage obligations | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Level 1 | Residential mortgage-backed securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Level 1 | Commercial mortgage-backed securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Level 1 | US Government Agencies Debt Securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value   0
Level 2 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale 25,618 15,158
Estimated Fair Value 3,410,899 2,356,191
Investments held in Rabbi Trust 0 0
Derivative assets 159,939 157,540
Total assets 3,596,456 2,528,889
Deferred compensation liabilities 0 0
Derivative liabilities 252,821 246,157
Total liabilities 252,821 246,157
Level 2 | U.S. Government securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value   0
Level 2 | State and municipal securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 814,887 1,072,013
Level 2 | Corporate debt securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 300,370 440,551
Level 2 | Collateralized mortgage obligations | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 788,885 111,434
Level 2 | Residential mortgage-backed securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 989,875 196,795
Level 2 | Commercial mortgage-backed securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 516,882 534,388
Level 2 | US Government Agencies Debt Securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value   1,010
Level 3 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Loans held for sale 0 0
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Investments held in Rabbi Trust 0 0
Derivative assets 0 0
Total assets 0 0
Deferred compensation liabilities 0 0
Derivative liabilities 0 0
Total liabilities 0 0
Level 3 | U.S. Government securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value   0
Level 3 | State and municipal securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Level 3 | Corporate debt securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Level 3 | Collateralized mortgage obligations | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Level 3 | Residential mortgage-backed securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Level 3 | Commercial mortgage-backed securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value $ 0 0
Level 3 | US Government Agencies Debt Securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value   $ 0
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Other real estate owned (OREO) $ 2,621 $ 896
Fair Value, Nonrecurring | Level 3    
Loans, Net 168,668 102,135
Other real estate owned (OREO) 2,621 896
Net MSRs at end of year 53,972 49,696
SBA servicing asset at amortized cost fair value 3,120 0
Total assets $ 228,381 $ 152,727
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value $ 3,410,899 $ 2,398,352
Minimum    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Assumptions used to estimate fair value, prepayment speed 7.90%  
Assumptions used to estimate fair value, discount rate 9.50%  
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value $ 3,410,899 2,398,352
Derivative assets 161,621 158,112
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 2    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 3,410,899 2,356,191
Derivative assets 159,939 157,540
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 3    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Derivative assets 0 0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 1    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 42,161
Derivative assets 1,682 572
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Foreign Exchange Contract | Level 1    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Total liabilities 1,600 500
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Foreign Exchange Contract | Level 1    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Derivative assets 1,700 600
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Forward Commitments | Level 2    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Derivative assets 800 500
Total liabilities 100 900
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Interest Rate Swap | Level 2    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Other financial assets 159,200 157,100
Total liabilities 252,800 245,600
Corporate debt securities    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 300,370 440,551
Corporate debt securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 300,370 440,551
Corporate debt securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 2    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 300,370 440,551
Corporate debt securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 3    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Corporate debt securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 1    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Financial Institutions Subordinated Debt | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 2    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value 293,100 433,400
Other Corporate Debt | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Level 2    
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]    
Estimated Fair Value $ 7,300 $ 7,200
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements - Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Scenario Shock, Plus 30%  
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]  
Assumptions used to estimate fair value, prepayment speed (4.00%)
Scenario Shock, Minus 30%  
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]  
Assumptions used to estimate fair value, prepayment speed 4.00%
Scenario Shock, Minus 200 Basis Points  
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]  
Assumptions used to estimate fair value, discount rate 10.00%
Scenario Shock, Plus 200 Basis Points  
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]  
Assumptions used to estimate fair value, discount rate (9.00%)
v3.25.0.1
Fair Value Measurements Details of Book Value and Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, FinancialStatement Captions[Line Items]    
AFS, at estimated fair value $ 3,410,899 $ 2,398,352
Estimated Fair Value 1,183,449  
Carrying Amount    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, FinancialStatement Captions[Line Items]    
Cash and cash equivalents 1,063,871 549,710
FRB and FHLB stock 139,574 124,405
Loans held for sale 25,618 15,158
AFS, at estimated fair value 1,395,569 1,267,922
Estimated Fair Value 3,410,899 2,398,352
Loans, net 23,665,763 21,057,690
Accrued interest receivable 117,029 107,972
Other assets 736,502 661,067
Demand and savings deposits 21,135,478 17,653,690
Brokered deposits 843,857 1,144,692
Time deposits 4,150,098 2,739,241
Accrued interest payable 31,620 35,083
Federal Funds Purchased, Fair Value Disclosure   240,000
Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings, Fair Value Disclosure 850,000 1,100,000
Long-Term Debt, Fair Value 367,316 535,384
Other Borrowings, Fair Value Disclosure 564,732 612,142
Other liabilities 467,011 429,046
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, FinancialStatement Captions[Line Items]    
Cash and cash equivalents 1,063,871 549,710
FRB and FHLB stock 139,574 124,405
Loans held for sale 25,618 15,158
AFS, at estimated fair value 1,183,449 1,072,207
Estimated Fair Value 3,410,899 2,398,352
Loans, net 22,555,687 19,930,560
Accrued interest receivable 117,029 107,972
Other assets 762,903 661,067
Demand and savings deposits 21,135,478 17,653,690
Brokered deposits 843,703 1,145,379
Time deposits 4,154,726 2,714,709
Accrued interest payable 31,620 35,083
Federal Funds Purchased, Fair Value Disclosure   240,000
Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings, Fair Value Disclosure 851,470 1,094,013
Long-Term Debt, Fair Value 253,818 463,270
Other Borrowings, Fair Value Disclosure 545,809 612,106
Other liabilities 467,011 429,046
Level 1 | Estimate of Fair Value Measurement    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, FinancialStatement Captions[Line Items]    
Cash and cash equivalents 1,063,871 549,710
FRB and FHLB stock 0 0
Loans held for sale 0 0
AFS, at estimated fair value 0 0
Estimated Fair Value 0 42,161
Loans, net 0 0
Accrued interest receivable 117,029 107,972
Other assets 543,251 452,935
Demand and savings deposits 21,135,478 17,653,690
Brokered deposits 145,056 145,987
Time deposits 0 0
Accrued interest payable 31,620 35,083
Federal Funds Purchased, Fair Value Disclosure   240,000
Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings, Fair Value Disclosure 851,470 1,094,013
Long-Term Debt, Fair Value 0 0
Other Borrowings, Fair Value Disclosure 544,908 611,269
Other liabilities 200,029 165,635
Level 2 | Estimate of Fair Value Measurement    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, FinancialStatement Captions[Line Items]    
Cash and cash equivalents 0 0
FRB and FHLB stock 139,574 124,405
Loans held for sale 25,618 15,158
AFS, at estimated fair value 1,183,449 1,072,207
Estimated Fair Value 3,410,899 2,356,191
Loans, net 0 0
Accrued interest receivable 0 0
Other assets 159,939 157,540
Demand and savings deposits 0 0
Brokered deposits 698,647 999,392
Time deposits 4,154,726 2,714,709
Accrued interest payable 0 0
Federal Funds Purchased, Fair Value Disclosure   0
Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings, Fair Value Disclosure 0 0
Long-Term Debt, Fair Value 253,818 463,270
Other Borrowings, Fair Value Disclosure 901 837
Other liabilities 252,821 246,157
Level 3 | Estimate of Fair Value Measurement    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, FinancialStatement Captions[Line Items]    
Cash and cash equivalents 0 0
FRB and FHLB stock 0 0
Loans held for sale 0 0
AFS, at estimated fair value 0 0
Estimated Fair Value 0 0
Loans, net 22,555,687 19,930,560
Accrued interest receivable 0 0
Other assets 59,713 50,592
Demand and savings deposits 0 0
Brokered deposits 0 0
Time deposits 0 0
Accrued interest payable 0 0
Federal Funds Purchased, Fair Value Disclosure   0
Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings, Fair Value Disclosure 0 0
Long-Term Debt, Fair Value 0 0
Other Borrowings, Fair Value Disclosure 0 0
Other liabilities $ 14,161 $ 17,254
v3.25.0.1
Commitments and Contingencies Outstanding Commitments to Extend Credit and Letters of Credit (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Valuation allowances and reserves, balance $ 1,200 $ 2,700
Commercial and industrial    
Valuation allowances and reserves, balance 4,967,334 4,929,981
Commerical mortgage and construction    
Valuation allowances and reserves, balance 1,706,879 1,867,830
Real estate - home equity    
Valuation allowances and reserves, balance 2,154,382 1,992,700
Total commitments to extend credit    
Valuation allowances and reserves, balance 8,828,595 8,790,511
Standby letters of credit    
Valuation allowances and reserves, balance 279,309 264,440
Commercial letters of credit    
Valuation allowances and reserves, balance 48,993 67,396
Letter of Credit    
Valuation allowances and reserves, balance $ 328,302 $ 331,836
v3.25.0.1
Commitments and Contingencies Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]    
Valuation allowances and reserves, balance $ 1.2 $ 2.7
Residential mortgage    
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]    
Valuation allowances and reserves, balance $ 1.5 $ 1.8
v3.25.0.1
Segment Reporting (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
segment
$ / shares
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
$ / shares
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
$ / shares
Segment Reporting, Disclosure of Entity's Reportable Segments [Abstract]      
Number of reportable segments | segment 1    
INTEREST INCOME      
Loans, including fees $ 1,394,969 $ 1,156,373 $ 758,609
Investment securities 136,650 101,518 98,115
Other interest income 50,577 15,345 8,114
Total Interest Income 1,582,196 1,273,236 864,838
INTEREST EXPENSE      
Deposits 521,859 292,205 43,829
Federal funds purchased 2,881 30,417 2,967
FHLB advances 37,793 46,965 7,334
Senior debt and subordinated debt 20,255 21,361 22,257
Other borrowings and interest-bearing liabilities 39,083 28,002 6,817
Total Interest Expense 621,871 418,950 83,204
Net Interest Income 960,325 854,286 781,634
Provision for credit losses 71,636 54,036 28,021
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses 888,689 800,250 753,613
NON-INTEREST INCOME      
Total Non-Interest Income 275,731 227,678 227,130
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE      
Salaries and employee benefits 432,821 377,417 356,884
Data processing and software 77,882 66,471 60,255
Net occupancy 69,359 58,019 56,195
Other outside services 60,586 47,724 37,152
FDIC insurance 23,829 25,565 12,547
Equipment 17,850 14,390 14,033
Intangible amortization 17,830 2,944 1,731
Professional fees 10,857 8,392 9,123
Marketing 8,958 9,004 6,885
Acquisition-related expenses 37,635 0 10,328
Other 62,184 69,281 68,595
Total Non-Interest Expense 819,791 679,207 633,728
Income Before Income Taxes 344,629 348,721 347,015
Income taxes 55,886 64,441 60,034
Net Income 288,743 284,280 286,981
Preferred stock dividends (10,248) (10,248) (10,248)
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders $ 278,495 $ 274,032 $ 276,733
PER SHARE:      
Net income available to common shareholders (diluted) (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 1.57 $ 1.64 $ 1.67
Reportable Segment      
INTEREST INCOME      
Loans, including fees $ 1,394,969 $ 1,156,373 $ 758,609
Investment securities 136,650 101,518 98,115
Other interest income 50,577 15,345 8,114
Total Interest Income 1,582,196 1,273,236 864,838
INTEREST EXPENSE      
Deposits 521,859 292,205 43,829
Federal funds purchased 2,881 30,417 2,967
FHLB advances 37,793 46,965 7,334
Senior debt and subordinated debt 20,255 21,361 22,257
Other borrowings and interest-bearing liabilities 39,083 28,002 6,817
Total Interest Expense 621,871 418,950 83,204
Net Interest Income 960,325 854,286 781,634
Provision for credit losses 71,636 54,036 28,021
Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses 888,689 800,250 753,613
NON-INTEREST INCOME      
Total Non-Interest Income 275,731 227,678 227,130
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE      
Salaries and employee benefits 432,821 377,417 356,884
Data processing and software 77,882 66,471 60,255
Net occupancy 69,359 58,019 56,195
Other outside services 60,586 47,724 37,152
FDIC insurance 23,829 25,565 12,547
Equipment 17,850 14,390 14,033
Intangible amortization 17,830 2,944 1,731
Professional fees 10,857 8,392 9,123
Marketing 8,958 9,004 6,885
Acquisition-related expenses 37,635 0 10,328
Other 62,184 69,281 68,595
Total Non-Interest Expense 819,791 679,207 633,728
Income Before Income Taxes 344,629 348,721 347,015
Income taxes 55,886 64,441 60,034
Net Income 288,743 284,280 286,981
Preferred stock dividends (10,248) (10,248) (10,248)
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders $ 278,495 $ 274,032 $ 276,733
PER SHARE:      
Net income available to common shareholders (diluted) (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 1.57 $ 1.64 $ 1.67
v3.25.0.1
Condensed Financial Information - Parent Company Only Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
ASSETS        
Other assets $ 1,422,502 $ 1,267,138    
Investments in:        
Total Assets 32,071,810 27,571,915    
Other liabilities 931,384 751,544    
Total Liabilities 28,874,485 24,811,776    
Shareholders' Equity [Abstract]        
Shareholders’ equity 3,197,325 2,760,139 $ 2,579,757 $ 2,712,680
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity 32,071,810 27,571,915    
Parent        
ASSETS        
Cash and cash equivalents 78,566 171,433 $ 169,208 $ 352,715
Other assets 68,375 62,500    
Receivable from subsidiaries 126,430 276,215    
Investments in:        
Bank subsidiary 3,309,613 2,794,106    
Non-bank subsidiaries 47,666 42,496    
Total Assets 3,630,650 3,346,750    
Senior and subordinated debt 367,316 535,384    
Other liabilities 66,009 51,227    
Total Liabilities 433,325 586,611    
Shareholders' Equity [Abstract]        
Shareholders’ equity 3,197,325 2,760,139    
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity $ 3,630,650 $ 3,346,750    
v3.25.0.1
Condensed Financial Information - Parent Company Only Income statement (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]      
Total Non-Interest Income $ 275,731 $ 227,678 $ 227,130
Income tax benefit 55,886 64,441 60,034
Net Income 288,743 284,280 286,981
Preferred stock dividends (10,248) (10,248) (10,248)
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders 278,495 274,032 276,733
Parent      
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]      
Dividends from subsidiaries 75,000 300,000 207,000
Other 2,237 794 725
Total Non-Interest Income 77,237 300,794 207,725
Expenses 42,572 37,448 51,887
Income Before Income Taxes 34,665 263,346 155,838
Income tax benefit (9,070) (7,861) (12,331)
Income before equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries 43,735 271,207 168,169
Net Income 288,743 284,280 286,981
Preferred stock dividends (10,248)    
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders 278,495    
Parent | Bank subsidiaries      
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]      
Non-bank subsidiaries 239,677 8,932 121,388
Parent | Non-bank subsidiaries      
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]      
Non-bank subsidiaries $ 5,331 $ 4,141 $ (2,576)
v3.25.0.1
Condensed Financial Information - Parent Company Only Cash Flows (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:      
Net Income $ 288,743 $ 284,280 $ 286,981
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities [Abstract]      
Amortization of issuance costs and discounts on long-term borrowings 710 750 724
Stock-based compensation 10,516 12,540 14,000
Increase (Decrease) in Other Operating Liabilities 97,015 (16,825) 392,503
Total adjustments 127,822 78,704 307,810
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities 416,565 362,984 594,791
Cash Flows From Investing Activities      
Net cash received (paid) for acquisitions 1,018,371 0 (21,811)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities 1,629,332 (809,215) (1,535,583)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:      
Net proceeds from common stock 270,582 3,160 7,876
Dividends paid (131,698) (115,738) (116,009)
Acquisition of treasury stock (30,348) (77,056) 0
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities (1,531,736) 314,020 (15,901)
Parent      
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:      
Net Income 288,743 284,280 286,981
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities [Abstract]      
Amortization of issuance costs and discounts on long-term borrowings 710 750 724
Stock-based compensation 10,516 12,540 14,000
Increase (Decrease) in Other Operating Assets (83,081) (37,591) 44,790
Equity in undistributed net (income) loss of subsidiaries (245,009) (13,073) (120,213)
Increase (Decrease) in Other Operating Liabilities (4,504) (50,047) (198,349)
Total adjustments (321,368) (87,421) (259,048)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities (32,625) 196,859 27,933
Cash Flows From Investing Activities      
Net cash received (paid) for acquisitions 0 0 (21,811)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities 0 0 (21,811)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:      
Repayments of long-term borrowings (168,778) (5,000) (81,496)
Net proceeds from common stock 270,582 3,160 7,876
Dividends paid (131,698) (115,738) (116,009)
Acquisition of treasury stock (30,348) (77,056) 0
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities (60,242) (194,634) (189,629)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Excluding Exchange Rate Effect (92,867) 2,225 (183,507)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year 171,433 169,208 352,715
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Year $ 78,566 $ 171,433 $ 169,208