Audit Information |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |
| Audit Information [Abstract] | |
| Auditor Name | PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP |
| Auditor Location | New York, New York |
| Auditor Firm ID | 238 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION (Parenthetical) - $ / shares shares in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Shareholders’ equity | ||
| Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 1 | $ 1 |
| Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) | 2,000 | 2,000 |
| Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) | 0 | 0 |
| Class A | ||
| Shareholders’ equity | ||
| Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 1 | $ 1 |
| Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) | 180,000 | 180,000 |
| Common stock, shares issued (in shares) | 70,312 | 70,259 |
| Treasury stock (in shares) | 25,687 | 24,828 |
| Class B | ||
| Shareholders’ equity | ||
| Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 1 | $ 1 |
| Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) | 72,000 | 72,000 |
| Common stock, shares issued (in shares) | 12,870 | 12,923 |
| Treasury stock (in shares) | 4,101 | 3,928 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract] | |||
| Net income (loss) | $ 84,161 | $ (200,319) | $ 17,233 |
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | |||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | 69,279 | (7,481) | 3,220 |
| Unamortized retirement costs, net of tax benefit (expense) of $552, $(2,010), and $5,967, respectively | (8,268) | 5,884 | (24,580) |
| Unrealized (loss) gain on interest rate swaps, net of tax benefit (expense) of $1,450, $(663), and $(393), respectively | (11,492) | 2,060 | 604 |
| Total other comprehensive income (loss) | 49,519 | 463 | (20,756) |
| Comprehensive income (loss) | $ 133,680 | $ (199,856) | $ (3,523) |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | |||
| Unamortized retirement costs, tax (expense) benefit | $ 552 | $ (2,010) | $ 5,967 |
| Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps, tax (expense) | $ 1,450 | $ (663) | $ (393) |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Total |
Class A |
Class B |
Common Stock
Class A
|
Common Stock
Class B
|
Additional paid-in capital |
Retained earnings |
Retained earnings
Class A
|
Retained earnings
Class B
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
Treasury stock |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balance at Apr. 30, 2022 | $ 1,142,269 | $ 70,226 | $ 12,956 | $ 459,297 | $ 1,921,160 | $ (508,146) | $ (813,224) | ||||
| Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||||||||
| Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans | 287 | (16,152) | 3 | 16,436 | |||||||
| Impact of tax withholding on stock-based compensation and other | (8,002) | 137 | (8,139) | ||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | 26,520 | 26,520 | |||||||||
| Purchases of treasury shares | (35,000) | (35,000) | |||||||||
| Common stock dividends | $ (64,973) | $ (12,551) | $ (64,973) | $ (12,551) | |||||||
| Common stock class conversions | 0 | 5 | (5) | ||||||||
| Comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax | (3,523) | 17,233 | (20,756) | ||||||||
| Balance at Apr. 30, 2023 | 1,045,027 | 70,231 | 12,951 | 469,802 | 1,860,872 | (528,902) | (839,927) | ||||
| Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||||||||
| Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans | 307 | (20,392) | 1 | 20,698 | |||||||
| Impact of tax withholding on stock-based compensation and other | (8,502) | (8,502) | |||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | 24,996 | 24,996 | |||||||||
| Purchases of treasury shares | (45,050) | (45,050) | |||||||||
| Common stock dividends | (64,584) | (12,622) | (64,584) | (12,622) | |||||||
| Common stock class conversions | 0 | 28 | (28) | ||||||||
| Comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax | (199,856) | (200,319) | 463 | ||||||||
| Balance at Apr. 30, 2024 | 739,716 | 70,259 | 12,923 | 474,406 | 1,583,348 | (528,439) | (872,781) | ||||
| Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||||||||||
| Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans | 290 | (14,792) | 0 | 15,082 | |||||||
| Impact of tax withholding on stock-based compensation and other | (6,967) | 0 | (6,967) | ||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | 22,249 | 22,249 | |||||||||
| Purchases of treasury shares | (60,421) | (60,421) | |||||||||
| Common stock dividends | $ (63,758) | $ (12,583) | $ (63,758) | $ (12,583) | |||||||
| Common stock class conversions | 0 | 53 | (53) | ||||||||
| Comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax | 133,680 | 84,161 | 49,519 | ||||||||
| Balance at Apr. 30, 2025 | $ 752,206 | $ 70,312 | $ 12,870 | $ 481,863 | $ 1,591,168 | $ (478,920) | $ (925,087) |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical) - $ / shares |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Class A | |||
| Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||
| Common stock dividend (in dollars per share) | $ 1.41 | $ 1.40 | $ 1.39 |
| Class B | |||
| Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] | |||
| Common stock dividend (in dollars per share) | $ 1.41 | $ 1.40 | $ 1.39 |
Description of Business |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |
| Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | |
| Description of Business | Description of Business The Company, founded in 1807, was incorporated in the state of New York on January 15, 1904. Throughout this report, when we refer to “Wiley,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us,” we are referring to John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and all our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise. Wiley is one of the world’s largest publishers and a global leader in research and learning. The Company's content, services, platforms, and knowledge networks are tailored to meet the evolving needs of its customers and partners, including researchers, students, instructors, professionals, institutions, and corporations. We report financial information in three reportable segments which include Research, Learning, and Held for Sale or Sold, as well as a Corporate expense category. Through the Research segment, we provide peer-reviewed scientific, technical, and medical (STM) journals, content platforms, and related publishing and audience solutions to academic, corporate, and government customers, academic societies, and individual researchers. The Learning segment provides scientific, professional, and education print and digital books to researchers, professionals, and students, digital courseware for instructors and students and assessment services to businesses and professionals. The Held for Sale or Sold segment primarily consists of non-core businesses which were classified as held-for-sale until the date of sale, as well as other businesses which were sold.
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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards |
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| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation: Our Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. All amounts are presented in United States (US) dollars, unless otherwise specified. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and are approximate due to rounding. Reclassifications: Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation. Use of Estimates: The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (US GAAP) requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and revenue and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates include, among other items, sales return reserves, allocation of acquisition purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, assets and liabilities held-for-sale, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets, and retirement plans. We review these estimates and assumptions periodically using historical experience and other factors and reflect the effects of any revisions on the Consolidated Financial Statements in the period we determine any revisions to be necessary. Actual results could differ from those estimates, which could affect the reported results. Book Overdrafts: Under our cash management system, a book overdraft balance exists for our primary disbursement accounts. This overdraft represents uncleared checks in excess of cash balances in individual bank accounts. Our funds are transferred from other existing bank account balances or from lines of credit as needed to fund checks presented for payment. As of April 30, 2025 and 2024, book overdrafts of $14.8 million and $10.1 million, respectively, were included in Accounts payable on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Revenue Recognition: Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using a five-step model consisting of the following: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract based on its stand-alone selling price. We use an observable price to determine the stand-alone selling price for separate performance obligations if available or, when not available, an estimate that maximizes the use of observable inputs and faithfully depicts the selling price of the promised goods or services if we sold those goods or services separately to a similar customer in similar circumstances. Suitable methods for estimating the standalone selling price include adjusted market assessment approach, expected cost plus a margin approach, and the residual approach. Any contract discount within the agreement is allocated across all performance obligations unless observable evidence exists that the discount relates to a specific performance obligation or obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation. Performance obligations are satisfied when we transfer control of a good or service to a customer, which can occur over time or at a point in time. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, including the expected value of variable consideration. The customer’s ability and intent to pay the transaction price is assessed in determining whether a contract exists with the customer. If collectability of substantially all the consideration in a contract is not probable, consideration received is not recognized as revenue unless the consideration is nonrefundable, and we no longer have an obligation to transfer additional goods or services to the customer, or collectability becomes probable. See Note 3, “Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,” for further details of our revenue recognition policy. Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase and are stated at cost, which approximates market value, because of the short-term maturity of the instruments. Allowance for Credit Losses: We are exposed to credit losses through our accounts receivable with customers. Accounts receivable, net, is stated at amortized cost net of provision for credit losses. Our methodology to measure the provision for credit losses requires an estimation of loss rates based upon historical loss experience adjusted for factors that are relevant to determining the expected collectability of accounts receivable, such as, delinquency trends, aging behavior of receivables, credit and liquidity indicators for industry groups, customer classes or individual customers, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of the economic and geopolitical conditions that may exist through the contractual life of the asset. Our provision for credit losses is reviewed and revised periodically. Our accounts receivable is evaluated on a pool basis that is based on customer groups with similar risk characteristics. This includes consideration of the following factors to develop these pools: size of the customer, industry, geographical location, historical risk, and types of services or products sold. We write off receivables only when deemed no longer collectible. We are also exposed to potential credit losses through our notes receivable issued in connection with our divestitures. As of April 30, 2025 and 2024, notes receivable inclusive of interest are $121.5 million and $92.5 million, respectively, and are reflected in Other non-current assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. We evaluate the collectability of outstanding notes receivable and record an allowance to represent an estimate of future expected credit losses, as applicable. As of April 30, 2025 and 2024, we did not record an allowance on the notes receivable. On June 5, 2025, Wiley entered into an agreement to sell the University Services Seller Note and other assets. The cash consideration was also fully paid in June 2025. See Note 4, “Acquisitions and Divestitures” for more details on the notes receivable issued in connection with our divestitures and the sale. Sales Return Reserves: The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain, and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related increase to inventory and a reduction to accrued royalties as a result of the expected returns. Print book sales return reserves amounted to a net liability balance of $9.0 million and $14.4 million as of April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The reserves are reflected in the following accounts of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of April 30:
Inventories: Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value. US book inventories aggregating $10.9 million and $11.4 million at April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, are valued using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. All other inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Product Development Assets: Product development assets consist of book composition costs and other product development costs and are included in Other non-current assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Costs associated with developing a book for publication are expensed until the product is determined to be commercially viable. Book composition costs represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication, which include typesetting, proofreading, design, illustration costs, and digital formatting. Book composition costs are capitalized and are generally amortized on a double-declining basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 1 to 3 years. Other product development costs represent the costs incurred in developing software, platforms, and digital content to be sold and licensed to third parties. Other product development costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. As of April 30, 2025, the weighted average estimated useful life of other product development costs was approximately 3 years. Royalty Advances: Royalty advances are capitalized in Other non-current assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and, upon publication, are expensed as royalties earned based on sales of the published works. Royalty advances are reviewed for recoverability, and a reserve for loss is maintained, if appropriate. Advertising and Marketing Costs: Advertising and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. These costs are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) as follows:
Technology, Property, and Equipment: Technology, property, and equipment is recorded at cost, except for property and equipment that have been impaired, for which we reduce the carrying amount to the estimated fair value at the impairment date. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Technology, property, and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method based upon the following estimated useful lives: Computer Software – 3 to 10 years; Computer Hardware – 3 to 5 years; Buildings and Leasehold Improvements – the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset up to 40 years or the duration of the lease; Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment – 5 to 10 years. Costs incurred for computer software internally developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized during the application development stage and expensed as incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages. Costs incurred during the application development stage include costs of materials, services, payroll, and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with the software project. Such costs are amortized over the expected useful life of the related software, which is generally 3 to 5 years. Maintenance, training, and upgrade costs that do not result in additional functionality are expensed as incurred. Cloud Computing Arrangements: We incur costs to implement cloud computing arrangements that are hosted by third parties. Costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized if they consist of internal and external costs directly attributable to developing and configuring the cloud computing software for its intended use. Once a project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use, such costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the term of the cloud computing arrangement in Operating and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). As of April 30, 2025 and 2024, the unamortized implementation costs related to our cloud computing arrangements were $24.0 million and $3.6 million, respectively, and are reflected in Other non-current assets in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Payments for capitalized implementation costs are included in Net cash provided by operating activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Allocation of Acquisition Purchase Price to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed: In connection with acquisitions, we allocate the cost of the acquisition to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on the estimates of fair value for such items, including intangible assets and technology acquired. The excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The determination of the acquisition-date fair value of the assets acquired, and liabilities assumed, requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions, such as forecasted revenue growth rates and operating cash flows, royalty rates, customer attrition rates, obsolescence rates of developed technology, and discount rates. We may use a third-party valuation consultant to assist in the determination of such estimates. Assets and Liabilities Held-for-Sale: We classify assets as held-for-sale when management commits to a plan to sell, the assets are available for immediate sale in their present condition, we have initiated an active program to find a buyer, and the sale is probable within one year. Assets must be actively marketed at a reasonable price, and the plan should indicate completion is likely without significant changes. Assets classified as held-for-sale are measured at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell. Fair value determination may involve significant estimates regarding forecasted information and discount rates. Upon classification as held-for-sale, we report the assets and liabilities of the disposal group as held-for-sale in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Any impairment is recognized in Net (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and is included as a valuation allowance or contra-asset account within Current assets held-for-sale or Non-current assets held-for-sale or both on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. We reassess fair value each reporting period and adjust the carrying value as necessary, without exceeding the original carrying value when first classified as held-for-sale. Gains are only recognized upon actual sale. Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets: Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate of the following: (1) consideration transferred, (2) the fair value of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, and (3) if the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition-date fair value of our previously held equity interest in the acquiree over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. Indefinite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of brands and trademarks, and publishing rights, and are typically characterized by intellectual property with a long and well-established revenue stream resulting from strong and well-established imprint/brand recognition in the market. We use the acquisition method of accounting for all business combinations and do not amortize goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for possible impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. See Note 11, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” for further details of our policy. Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets: Definite-lived intangible assets principally consist of content and publishing rights, customer relationships, developed technology, brands and trademarks, and covenants not to compete agreements, and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The most significant factors in determining the estimated lives of these intangibles are the history and longevity, combined with the strength and pattern of projected cash flows. Intangible assets with definite lives as of April 30, 2025 are amortized on a straight-line basis over the following weighted average estimated useful lives: content and publishing rights – 26 years, customer relationships – 15 years, developed technology – 7 years, brands and trademarks – 16 years, and covenants not to compete agreements – 4 years. Assets with definite lives are evaluated for indicators of impairment upon a significant change in the operating or macroeconomic environment. When indicators of impairment are present, we test definite lived and long-lived assets for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of an asset group to an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. In these circumstances, if an evaluation of the projected undiscounted cash flows indicates impairment, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value based on the discounted future cash flows. Leases: We have contractual obligations as a lessee with respect to offices, warehouses and distribution centers, automobiles, and office equipment. See Note 12, “Operating Leases” for further details of our policy. Employee Benefit Plans: We provide various defined benefit plans to our employees. We use actuarial assumptions to calculate pension and benefit costs as well as pension assets and liabilities included in the consolidated financial statements. See Note 17, “Retirement Plans” for further details of our policy. Income Taxes: Income taxes are recorded using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Deferred taxes are measured using rates the Company expects to apply to taxable income in years in which those temporary differences are expected to reverse. The financial effect of changes in tax laws or rates is accounted for in the period of enactment. Future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that the realization of such benefits is more likely than not. Valuation allowances are established when management determines that it is more likely than not that some or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. From time to time, the Company engages in transactions in which the tax consequences may be subject to uncertainty. Judgment is required in assessing and estimating the tax consequences of these transactions. The Company prepares and files tax returns based on its interpretation of tax laws and regulations. In the normal course of business, the Company’s tax returns are subject to examination by various taxing authorities. Such examinations may result in future tax and interest assessments by these taxing authorities. In determining the Company’s tax provision for financial reporting purposes, the Company establishes a reserve for uncertain tax positions, unless such positions are determined to be more likely than not of being sustained upon examination based on their technical merits, including the resolution of any appeals or litigation processes. The Company includes interest and, where appropriate, penalties as a component of income tax expense. There is judgment involved in determining whether positions taken on the Company’s tax returns are more likely than not of being sustained, which involve the use of estimates and assumptions with respect to the potential outcome of positions taken on tax returns that may be reviewed by tax authorities. Derivative Financial Instruments: From time to time, we enter into foreign exchange forward and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates, and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value. Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Under FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (ASC Topic 815), derivative instruments that are designated as cash flow hedges have changes in their fair value recorded initially within Accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. As interest expense is recognized based on the variable rate loan agreements, the corresponding deferred gain or loss on the interest rate swaps is reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Interest Expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). The interest settlement payments associated with the interest rate swap agreements are classified as cash flows from operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. For derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under a master netting arrangement, we do not offset fair value amounts of interest rate swaps in liability positions with the ones in asset positions in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Foreign Currency Gains/Losses: We maintain operations in many non-US locations. Assets and liabilities are translated into US dollars using end-of-period exchange rates and revenues, and expenses are translated into US dollars using weighted average rates. Our significant investments in non-US businesses are exposed to foreign currency risk. Foreign currency translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss within Shareholders’ Equity. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) as incurred. Stock-Based Compensation: We recognize stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the stock-based awards on the grant date, reduced by an estimate for future forfeited awards. As such, stock-based compensation expense is only recognized for those awards that are expected to ultimately vest. The fair value of stock-based awards is recognized in net income generally on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Stock-based compensation expense associated with performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established up to three years in advance, or less. The cumulative effect on current and prior periods of a change in the estimated number of performance share awards, or estimated forfeiture rate, is recognized as an adjustment to earnings in the period of the revision. Judgment was also required in estimating the number of stock-based awards that may be forfeited. If actual results differ significantly from estimates, our stock-based compensation expense and Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) could be impacted. We accelerate expense on performance-based awards using a graded vesting schedule for employees who meet retirement eligibility requirements prior to the end of the award’s service period. The grant date fair value for stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The determination of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model include the expected life of an option, the expected volatility of our common stock over the estimated life of the option, a risk-free interest rate, and the expected dividend yield. Fair Value Measurement: The carrying value of financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value is measured on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis are those that are adjusted to fair value at the end of every reporting period. Financial assets and liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis are those that are adjusted to fair value when a significant event occurs. In accordance with FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (ASC Topic 820), assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurement disclosures are classified according to the three-level fair value hierarchy with respect to the inputs used to determine fair value. The level in which an asset or liability is disclosed within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the related fair value measurement in its entirety. The levels of input are defined as follows: •Level 1: Quoted prices unadjusted for identical assets or liabilities in an active market. •Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in an active market, quoted prices for identical similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable and market-corroborated inputs which are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. •Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the entity’s own assumptions which market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Segment Reporting - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” This ASU improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM), the disclosure and description of other segment items, the inclusion of all current annual disclosures about a reportable segment in interim periods, allows for disclosure of multiple measures of a reportable segment's profit or loss, requires disclosure of the CODM's title and position, and requires a description of how the CODM uses reported measures in assessing the performance of reportable segments and in making decisions pertaining to allocation of resources. We adopted ASU 2023-07 for the fiscal year ending April 30, 2025. This standard was applied retrospectively for all periods presented in the financial statements. See Note 20, “Segment Information” for new disclosures related to significant expenses, the CODM, and other segment items. The adoption did not impact our consolidated financial statements. Recently Issued Accounting Standards Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40), Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses.” In January 2025, the FASB clarified the effective date of this guidance with the issuance of ASU 2025-01, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date.” This ASU requires disclosure about specific types of expenses included in expense captions, including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, amortization, and depletion. This ASU is effective for our annual disclosures starting fiscal year 2028 and interim periods starting in fiscal year 2029. Early adoption is permitted. A public entity should apply the amendments in this ASU on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. We are currently assessing the impact of the disclosure requirements on our consolidated financial statements. Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” This ASU enhances the transparency, effectiveness, and comparability of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information related to income tax rate reconciliations and the jurisdictions in which income taxes are paid. This ASU is effective for our annual disclosures starting fiscal year 2026. Early adoption is permitted. A public entity should apply the amendments in this ASU on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. We are currently assessing the impact of the disclosure requirements on our consolidated financial statements.
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| Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers | Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers Disaggregation of Revenue The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.
The following information describes our disaggregation of revenue by segment and product type. Overall, the majority of our revenue is recognized over time. Research Total Research revenue was $1,075.5 million in the year ended April 30, 2025. Research products are sold and distributed globally through multiple channels. The majority of revenue generated from Research products is recognized over time. We disaggregated revenue by Research Publishing and Research Solutions to reflect the different types of products and services provided. Research Publishing Products Research Publishing products provide scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services, to academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals. Research Publishing revenue was $922.6 million in the year ended April 30, 2025, and the majority is recognized over time. In the year ended April 30, 2025, Research Publishing products generated approximately 87% of its revenue from contracts with its customers from Journal Subscriptions (pay to read) and Transformational Agreements (read and publish) under multiyear arrangements, and Open Access (pay to publish). The remaining revenue is from Licensing and ancillary products. Journal Subscriptions and Transformational Models Journal Subscription contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. In a typical Journal Subscription sale, there is a written agreement between us and our customer that covers multiple years. However, we typically account for these agreements as one-year contracts because our enforceable rights under the agreements are subject to an annual confirmation and negotiation process with the customer. In Journal Subscriptions, there are generally two performance obligations: a functional intellectual property license with a stand-ready obligation to provide access to new content for one year, which includes online hosting of the content (collectively referred to as Read) which is recognized over time, and a functional intellectual property perpetual license for access to historical journal content (Perpetual License) which is recognized at the point in time when access to the historical content is initially granted. The transaction price consists of fixed consideration. Journal Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance when the annual license is granted. The total transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price using a combination of observable and estimated stand-alone selling prices, which includes the expected cost plus a margin approach. We allocate revenue to the stand-ready obligation to provide access to new content for one year based on its observable standalone selling price to provide the right of access to additional intellectual property. The allocation of revenue to the perpetual licenses for access to historical journal content is done using the expected cost plus a margin approach, as applicable. Transformational Agreements (read and publish) blend Journal Subscription and Open Access offerings. Generally, for a single fee, a national or regional consortium of libraries pays for and receives full read access to our journal portfolio and the ability to publish under an open access arrangement. Transformational Agreements include multiple performance obligations and depending upon the model, can include a combination of Read which is recognized over time; Perpetual License which is recognized at a point in time; and a publishing right that allows for articles to be published in hybrid and/or gold open access journals, which is recognized point in time or over time depending upon the model. The total transaction price is generally fixed and allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative stand-alone selling price using a combination of observable and estimated stand-alone selling prices. Estimated stand-alone selling prices include the expected cost plus a margin approach, and a residual approach. Open Access Under the open access business model, there is generally one performance obligation whereby accepted research articles are published and all open articles are immediately free to access online. The transaction price is fixed based on payment of an article publication charge (APC). Revenue is recognized at a point in time which is upon publication which is when Wiley’s obligation is complete. Licensing and Ancillary Products Within licensing the revenue derived from these contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments, including minimum guarantees and sales- or usage-based royalty agreements. Our intellectual property is considered to be functional intellectual property. Due to the stand-ready obligation to provide updates during the subscription period, which is generally an annual period, revenue for the minimum guarantee is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement. For our sales- or usage-based royalty agreements, we recognize revenue in the period of usage based on the amounts earned. We record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee in advance (recorded over time as described above) against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. When the cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee, it is recognized as the subsequent sales or usage occurs. We also license content for artificial intelligence (AI) models at a fixed transaction price and the majority of the revenue is recognized at a point in time which is upon acceptance. Research Solutions Products and Services Research Solutions revenue was $152.9 million in the year ended April 30, 2025, and the majority is recognized over time. In the year ended April 30, 2025, Research Solutions products and services generated approximately 55% of their revenue from contracts with customers that include corporate solutions such as managed services which includes advertising, and full sales and marketing services for publishers and societies; recruitment platform and services; spectral databases; and projects which includes content creation and distribution, digital events, and webinars. The remainder of the revenue within Research Solutions from contracts with customers includes platform and workflow solutions for societies and publishers, which includes production and content hosting, submissions and peer review support, editorial, and copy editing services. Included within platforms is our Atypon® publishing platform for societies and publishers which includes a single performance obligation for the implementation and hosting of subscription services. The transaction price is fixed which may include price escalators that are fixed increases per year. Revenue is recognized upon the initiation of the subscription period and recognized on a straight-line basis over the time of the contractual period. The duration of these contracts is generally multiyear ranging from 2 to 5 years. Learning Total Learning revenue was $584.8 million in the year ended April 30, 2025. We disaggregated revenue by Academic and Professional to reflect the different types of products and services provided. Academic Academic products revenue was $333.7 million in the year ended April 30, 2025. Products and services include scientific, professional, and education print and digital books, and digital courseware to libraries, corporations, students, professionals, and researchers. Products are developed for worldwide distribution through multiple channels, including chain and online booksellers, libraries, colleges and universities, corporations, direct to consumer, websites, distributor networks and other online applications. In the year ended April 30, 2025, Academic products generated approximately 54% of their revenue from contracts with their customers for print and digital publishing, which is recognized at a point in time. Digital Courseware products generate approximately 33% of their revenue from contracts with their customers which is recognized over time. The remainder of their revenues were from Licensing and ancillary products which have a mix of revenue recognized at a point in time and over time. Print and Digital Publishing Our performance obligations as they relate to print and digital publishing are primarily book products delivered in both print and digital form which could include single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of print or digital books purchased. Each is represented by an International Standard Book Number (ISBN), with each ISBN representing a performance obligation. Each ISBN has an observable stand-alone selling price as Wiley sells the books separately. This revenue stream also includes variable consideration as it relates to returns for both print and digital books. Revenue is recognized at the point when control of the product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered. Digital Courseware Products Courseware customers purchase access codes to utilize the product. Revenue is recognized over time in the period from when the access codes are activated over the applicable semester term to which such product relates. Licensing and Ancillary Products Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage-based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee (recognized at a point in time as described above) against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee and the subsequent sales or usage occurs. We also license content for AI models at a fixed transaction price and the revenue is recognized at a point in time which is upon acceptance. Professional Professional products revenue was $251.1 million in the year ended April 30, 2025. Professional provides learning, development, publishing, and assessment services for businesses and professionals. Our professional publishing produces books, which includes business and finance, technology, professional development for educators, test preparation books and other professional categories, as well as the For Dummies® brand. Products are sold to brick-and-mortar and online retailers, wholesalers who supply such bookstores, college bookstores, individual practitioners, corporations, and government agencies. In the year ended April 30, 2025, Professional products generated approximately 55% of their revenue from contracts with their customers for professional publishing, which is recognized at a point in time. Our assessments offering in the year ended April 30, 2025 generates approximately 30% of their revenue from contracts with its customers, which has a mix of revenue recognized at a point in time and over time. The remainder of Professional revenues were from Licensing and ancillary revenue streams, which has a mix of revenue recognized at a point in time and over time. Professional Publishing Professional publishing has the same performance obligations as Academic print and digital publishing which is described above. Revenue is recognized at the point when control of the product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered. Assessments Our assessments offering includes high-demand soft-skills training solutions that are delivered to organizational clients through online digital delivery platforms, either directly or through an authorized distributor network of independent consultants, trainers, and coaches. Our assessments product offering includes multiple performance obligations which includes annual memberships which are recognized over time, and the assessments and related products or services which are recognized at a point in time. We allocate revenue based on observable standalone selling prices of each performance obligation. Licensing and ancillary products Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage-based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee (recognized at a point in time as described above) against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee and the subsequent sales or usage occurs. We also license our content for AI model training and development as described above. Held for Sale or Sold Held for Sale or Sold revenue was $17.4 million in the year ended April 30, 2025. Wiley Edge was sold on May 31, 2024 with exception of its India operations which sold on August 31, 2024. Wiley Edge previously sourced, trained, and prepared aspiring students and professionals to meet the skill needs of today’s technology careers, and then place them with some of the world’s largest financial institutions, technology companies, and government agencies. Wiley Edge revenue was recognized at the point in time the services were provided to its customers. CrossKnowledge was sold on August 31, 2024. CrossKnowledge services previously included corporate learning online learning and training solutions for global corporations, universities, and small and medium-sized enterprises sold on a subscription or fee basis. CrossKnowledge revenue was recognized over time. Held for Sale or Sold also includes the revenue associated with those businesses which were sold in fiscal year 2024 which includes University Services and Tuition Manager, and in fiscal year 2023 includes Wiley’s Efficient Learning test prep portfolio business, and our advancement courses business. Accounts Receivable, Net and Contract Liability Balances When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met. The following table provides information about accounts receivable, net and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.
For the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, we recognized as revenue substantially all of the current contract liability balance at April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease in contract liabilities, excluding the sales return reserve, was primarily driven by revenue earned on journal subscription agreements, transformational agreements, and open access, partially offset by renewals of journal subscription agreements, transformational agreements, and open access. Remaining Performance Obligations included in Contract Liability As of April 30, 2025, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations is approximately $479.4 million, which includes the sales return reserve of $15.1 million. Excluding the sales return reserve, we expect that approximately $447.6 million will be recognized in the next twelve months with the remaining $16.7 million to be recognized thereafter. Assets Recognized for the Costs to Fulfill a Contract Costs to fulfill a contract are directly related to a contract that will be used to satisfy a performance obligation in the future and are expected to be recovered. These costs are amortized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer to the customer of the goods or services to which the asset relates. These types of costs are incurred in Research Solutions services which includes customer specific implementation costs per the terms of the contract. Our assets associated with incremental costs to fulfill a contract were $2.2 million and $3.1 million at April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and are included within Other non-current assets on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. We recorded amortization expense related to these assets within Cost of sales on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) as follows:
In the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 amortization expense for costs to fulfill includes the amortization related to the University Services business which was sold on January 1, 2024. Sales and value-added taxes are excluded from revenues. Shipping and handling costs, which are primarily incurred within the Learning segment, occur before the transfer of control of the related goods. Therefore, in accordance with the revenue standard, it is not considered a promised service to the customer and would be considered a cost to fulfill our promise to transfer the goods. Costs incurred for third-party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and were incurred as follows:
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| Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquisitions and Divestitures | Acquisitions and Divestitures Acquisitions Pro forma financial information related to this acquisition has not been provided as it is not material to our consolidated results of operations. Fiscal Year 2025 On February 3, 2025, we completed the acquisition of an immaterial business included in our Learning segment. The allocation of the total consideration transferred to the assets acquired, including intangible assets and goodwill, and the liabilities assumed will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition date. Divestitures On June 1, 2023, Wiley’s Board of Directors approved a plan to divest certain businesses that we determined are non-core businesses. Those businesses are University Services, Wiley Edge, and CrossKnowledge. As of the second quarter of fiscal year 2025, we completed our plan to divest these businesses. On January 1, 2024, we sold University Services. On May 31, 2024, we sold Wiley Edge, with the exception of its India operations, which sold on August 31, 2024. On August 31, 2024, we also sold CrossKnowledge. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 205, “Presentation of Financial Statements,” we determined that the divestitures of University Services, Wiley Edge and CrossKnowledge each do not represent a strategic shift that will have a major effect on our consolidated results of operations, and therefore their results of operations were not reported as discontinued operations. We concluded that the businesses met all the requisite held-for-sale criteria as of June 1, 2023. Therefore, the related assets and liabilities were reclassified as held-for-sale on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position until the date of sale. For the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, we recorded net pretax (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale as follows:
These charges are reflected in Net (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Fiscal Year 2025 CrossKnowledge On August 31, 2024, we completed the sale of CrossKnowledge, which was included in our Held for Sale or Sold segment, pursuant to a stock and asset purchase agreement (CrossKnowledge Agreement) with MS International Software, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (MS International). The selling price for CrossKnowledge, which was subsequently updated during the year ended April 30, 2025, had an estimated fair value of $3.0 million. The pretax loss on sale was $51.3 million after accounting for the assets sold, liabilities transferred upon sale, transaction costs, and the write-off of cumulative translation adjustments in earnings. In connection with the held-for-sale classification prior to the sale, we recognized cumulative impairment charges of $51.0 million on the remeasurement of the disposal group at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell, which included $55.4 million recognized in fiscal year 2024. Upon the completion of the sale, we recognized a net gain of $4.1 million in the year ended April 30, 2025 primarily due to subsequent changes in the fair value less costs to sell, as well as changes in the carrying amount of the disposal group. We entered into a transition services agreement to facilitate the transition of the divested business. Wiley Edge On May 31, 2024, we completed the sale of Wiley Edge with the exception of its India operations which sold on August 31, 2024, which was included in our Held for Sale or Sold segment, pursuant to a stock and asset purchase agreement (Edge Agreement) with Inspirit Vulcan Bidco Limited, a private limited company incorporated in England & Wales (Inspirit). The selling price for Wiley Edge at the date of sale including India, which was subsequently updated during the year ended April 30, 2025, had a fair value of $23.3 million paid in the form of: (i) cash of $10.0 million, (ii) an unsecured promissory note with an aggregate principal amount of $13.3 million (Inspirit Seller Note), which was subject to customary working capital adjustments, and (iii) additional contingent consideration in the form of an earnout recorded at a fair value of zero based on the gross profit targets during each of the three fiscal years in the period beginning May 1, 2024 and ending April 30, 2027 (Wiley Edge Earnout). As of April 30, 2025, the Inspirit Seller Note is reflected in Other non-current assets in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The Inspirit Seller Note matures on May 31, 2028 and is prepayable at par plus accrued interest at any time and also if certain conditions are met. The Inspirit Seller Note bears interest at the rate of 8% per annum commencing on May 31, 2024, increasing by 1% per annum each year on the anniversary of issuance. Interest income from the note receivable represents non operating income and is included in Other income (expense), net on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). The maximum Wiley Edge Earnout amount is $34.0 million. We elected to record the fair value of the Wiley Edge Earnout as of the date of the sale, and will update that fair value as applicable until settled since the Wiley Edge Earnout amount is subject to change based on final results and calculations. The fair value of the Wiley Edge Earnout at the date of the sale was based on a Monte Carlo simulation and was initially valued at $15.0 million. Due to changes in market conditions during the third quarter of fiscal year 2025 that negatively impacted placements and the outlook for the business, the updated gross profit forecast indicated that the gross profit for each of the earnout periods will be below the gross profit targets as defined in the Edge Agreement which would result in zero amount being paid to Wiley in each of the respective periods. As a result, in the third quarter of fiscal year 2025 we reduced the fair value of the Wiley Edge Earnout from $15.0 million at the date of sale to zero. The pretax loss on sale was $34.3 million after accounting for the assets sold, liabilities transferred upon sale, transaction costs, and the write-off of cumulative translation adjustments in earnings. In connection with the held-for-sale classification, during fiscal year 2024, we recognized cumulative impairment charges of $19.4 million on the remeasurement of the disposal group at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell. Upon the completion of the sale, we recognized a net loss of $14.9 million in the year ended April 30, 2025 primarily due to subsequent changes in the fair value less costs to sell, partially offset by the sale of the India operations. We entered into a transition services agreement to facilitate the transition of the divested business. Fiscal Year 2024 University Services On January 1, 2024, we completed the sale of University Services, which was included in our Held for Sale or Sold segment, pursuant to a Membership Interest and Asset Purchase Agreement (University Services Agreement) with Academic Partnerships LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (Academic Partnerships), and Education Services Upper Holdings Corp., a Delaware corporation (Upper Holdings). The pretax loss on sale as of April 30, 2024 was $107.0 million, after accounting for the assets sold, liabilities transferred upon sale, and transaction costs. The selling price for University Services included (i) an unsecured promissory note (University Services Seller Note); (ii) additional contingent consideration in the form of an earnout recorded at fair value based on revenue targets during each of the two fiscal years in the period from May 1, 2024 through April 30, 2026 (University Services Earnout); and (iii) a number of common units of TVG-Academic Partnerships Holdings, LLC, the ultimate parent company of Academic Partnerships equal to 10% of the total common units outstanding accounted for under the cost method minus impairment (TVG Investment). As of April 30, 2025 in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, the aggregate amounts reflected in Other non-current assets for the principal and interest amount of the University Services Seller Note, the TVG Investment, and the long-term portion of the University Services Earnout was $110.0 million. In addition, the short-term portion of the University Services Earnout was $9.5 million reflected in Prepaid expenses and other current assets. On June 5, 2025, Wiley entered into an agreement with Metis Aggregator L.P. and Vistria AP Aggregator, LLC to sell the Seller Note, the fiscal year 2026 University Services Earnout, and the TVG Investment, and agreed with Upper Holdings and Academic Partnerships on the fiscal year 2025 University Services Earnout for total cash consideration of $119.5 million (Sale Agreement) which was fully paid in June 2025. As a result of this Sale Agreement, all amounts due to Wiley in accordance with the University Services Agreement have been settled. In the year ended April 30, 2025, due to the process of selling these assets, as well as third-party customer consents, working capital adjustments, and changes in the costs to sell, we recognized an additional net loss on sale and impairments of assets of $12.6 million. Tuition Manager On May 31, 2023, we completed the sale of our tuition manager business (Tuition Manager), which was included in our Held for Sale or Sold segment, for a pretax loss on sale of $1.4 million, of which $1.5 million was recognized in the year ended April 30, 2024 and a gain of $0.1 million was recognized in the year ended April 30, 2025 due to additional cash received. Fiscal Year 2023 Test Prep and Advancement Courses On February 28, 2023, we completed the sale of Wiley’s Efficient Learning test prep portfolio business. In addition, on March 31, 2023, we completed the sale of our advancement courses business. Both were included in our Held for Sale or Sold segment. Neither disposition constituted a strategic shift, and the impact on our overall operations and financial results was not material. Accordingly, the operations associated with the dispositions are not reported in discontinued operations. The selling price for both dispositions was $16.5 million, which included $15.5 million of cash received net of transaction costs at the date of sale, and $1.0 million of additional cash received after the date of sale. The pretax gain on sale was $10.2 million, after accounting for the assets sold, liabilities transferred upon sale, and transaction costs. Assets and Liabilities Held-for-Sale There are no assets or liabilities held-for-sale as of April 30, 2025. The major categories of assets and liabilities that have been classified as held-for-sale on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2024 were as follows:
Sale of Assets In the second quarter of fiscal year 2025, we sold a facility which was reflected in Technology, property, and equipment, net in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position which resulted in a pretax loss on sale of $0.2 million, and we received net cash of $8.5 million.
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Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding |
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| Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding | Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share further includes any common shares available to be issued upon the exercise of unvested, outstanding restricted stock units and other stock awards if such inclusions would be dilutive. The shares associated with performance-based stock awards (PSU) are considered contingently issuable shares and are included in the diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding based on when they have met the performance conditions, and when their effect is dilutive. We determine the potentially dilutive common shares for all awards using the treasury stock method. A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings (loss) per share follows (shares in thousands):
In calculating diluted net loss per common share for the year ended April 30, 2024, our diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding excludes the effect of unvested restricted stock units and other stock awards as the effect was anti-dilutive. This occurs when a net loss is reported and the effect of using dilutive shares is antidilutive.
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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |
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| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, net of tax, for the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023 were as follows:
In connection with the sale of Wiley Edge and CrossKnowledge, in the year ended April 30, 2025, we reclassified $23.2 million of cumulative translation adjustments out of Accumulated other comprehensive loss and included in the Net (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). For the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, pretax actuarial losses included in Unamortized Retirement Costs of approximately $8.1 million, $7.9 million, and $6.0 million, respectively, were amortized from Accumulated other comprehensive loss and recognized as pension and post-retirement benefit (expense) primarily in Operating and administrative expenses and Other income (expense), net on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Our policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income is to release when the corresponding pretax accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income items are reclassified to earnings.
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Restructuring and Related Charges |
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| Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring and Related Charges | Restructuring and Related Charges Global Restructuring Program The Company began a global restructuring program in fiscal year 2023, which aimed to enhance Wiley’s position and drive profitability (Global Restructuring Program) which was expanded in fiscal year 2024. This program included severance related charges for the elimination of certain positions, the exit of certain leased office space, and the reduction of our occupancy at other facilities. Under this program, we reduced our real estate square footage occupancy by approximately 35%. In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025, the program was further extended due to the completion of our divestitures with a focus on optimizing our cost structure, with particular emphasis on aligning our technology costs and other corporate expenses. As a result of these initiatives, this expanded program includes severance related charges, facility-related costs associated with certain properties, and other activities. The following tables summarize the pretax restructuring charges related to the Global Restructuring Program:
The severance related charges are for certain employees affected by the reduction in force under this program who are entitled to severance payments and certain termination benefits. In the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, the impairment charges include the impairment of operating lease ROU assets related to certain leases that will be subleased, and the related property and equipment described further below. In the year ended April 30, 2024, these charges were recorded in Corporate Expenses and the Research segment. In the year ended April 30, 2023, these charges were recorded in Corporate Expenses. Due to the actions taken above, we tested the operating lease ROU assets and the related property and equipment for those being subleased for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of the asset group to an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. Based on the results of the recoverability test, we determined that the undiscounted cash flows of the asset groups were below the carrying values. Therefore, there was an indication of impairment. We then determined the fair value of the asset groups by utilizing the present value of the estimated future cash flows attributable to the assets. The fair value of these operating lease ROU assets and the property and equipment immediately subsequent to the impairment was $8.7 million and $12.1 million in the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and were categorized as Level 3 within the FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements” fair value hierarchy. In addition, in the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, the impairment charges include the impairment of certain work-in-process capitalized software because it is no longer probable that the software being developed will be completed, and the work-in-process capitalized software was reported at the lower of its carrying amount or fair value which was zero. In the year ended April 30, 2025 these charges were recorded in the Research segment. In the year ended April 30, 2024, these charges were recorded in the Learning and Research segments, and in Corporate Expenses. In the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, the acceleration of expense includes the acceleration of rent expense associated with operating lease ROU assets related to certain leases that will be abandoned or terminated, and the related depreciation and amortization of property and equipment. In addition, in the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, the acceleration of expense includes the acceleration of amortization expense of certain capitalized software as a result of our decision to discontinue the use of those assets. We determined that a revision of the useful lives was warranted, and certain capitalized software was fully amortized over its revised remaining useful life. The acceleration of expense in the year ended April 30, 2025 also includes the acceleration of amortization expense of an intangible asset in our Research segment due to a revision of the useful life which resulted in the asset being fully amortized over its revised remaining useful life. We incurred ongoing facility-related costs associated with certain properties, consulting costs, and costs for other activities, which includes relocation and other employee related costs. In fiscal year 2023, due to the political instability and military actions between Russia and Ukraine, we made the decision to close our operations in Russia which primarily consisted of technology development resources. We were substantially complete with our closure as of April 30, 2023, except for the formal liquidation of the Russian legal entity, which we completed in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025. Since we were substantially liquidated as of April 30, 2023, we wrote off $1.4 million, $1.0 million, and $1.1 million in the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively, of cumulative translation adjustment gains in earnings. This is reflected in Net foreign exchange transaction (losses) gains in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Included in the table above are for the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023 of $0.9 million, $2.0 million and $8.3 million, respectively, related to these actions. The following table summarizes the activity for the Global Restructuring Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2025:
Approximately $5.6 million of the restructuring liability for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued employment costs and approximately $1.0 million is reflected in Other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The liability for consulting costs and other activities is reflected in Other accrued liabilities on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Business Optimization Program For the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, we recorded pretax restructuring (credits) charges of $(3.8) million, $1.4 million, and $0.5 million, respectively, related to this program. The net credits in the year ended April 30, 2025 are primarily due to the termination of a portion of a lease that was previously impaired in our Corporate Expenses category. As of April 30, 2023, we substantially completed this program and we have no restructuring liability outstanding. We currently anticipate immaterial ongoing facility charges and do not anticipate any further material charges related to the Business Optimization Program.
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Inventories |
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| Inventories | Inventories Inventories, net consisted of the following at April 30:
See Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards,” under the caption “Sales Return Reserves,” for a discussion of the Inventory value of estimated sales returns. Finished goods are net of a reserve for inventory obsolescence of $11.1 million and $11.9 million as of April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
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| Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Product Development Assets | Product Development Assets Product development assets, net were included in Other non-current assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and consisted of the following at April 30:
The following table details our amortization expense for product development assets, net:
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| Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technology, Property, and Equipment | Technology, Property, and Equipment Technology, property, and equipment, net consisted of the following at April 30:
The following table details our depreciation and amortization expense for technology, property, and equipment, net:
In fiscal years 2025 and 2024, as a result of our decision to discontinue the use of certain capitalized software, we determined that a revision of the useful lives was warranted, and certain capitalized software was fully amortized over its revised remaining useful life. In addition, certain work-in-process capitalized software was impaired since it is no longer probable that the software being developed will be completed, and was reported at the lower of its carrying amount or fair value which was zero. For the year ended April 30, 2025, the total amount was $1.5 million, which included $0.8 million of accelerated amortization expense and $0.7 million of impairment charges reflected in Restructuring and related charges on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). These charges were recorded in the Research segment. For the year ended April 2024, the total amount was $20.3 million, which included $15.9 million of accelerated amortization expense reflected in depreciation and amortization in Operating and administrative expenses and $4.4 million of impairment charges reflected in Restructuring and related charges on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). These charges were recorded in the Research and Learning segments as well as Corporate Expenses.
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| Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill and Intangible Assets | Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of April 30:
Fiscal Year 2025 Annual Impairment Test as of February 1, 2025 For our reporting units within the Research and Learning segments, we performed a qualitative assessment by reporting unit as of February 1, 2025. This assessment included consideration of key factors including macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, financial performance, weighted average cost of capital (WACC), market multiples of current and forward 12-month EBITDA, and other relevant entity and reporting unit-specific events. Based on our qualitative assessment, we determined it was not more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. As such, it was not necessary to perform a quantitative test. There have been no significant events or circumstances affecting the valuation of goodwill subsequent to the qualitative assessment performed as of February 1, 2025. If the fair value of these reporting units decreases in future periods, we could potentially have an impairment. The future occurrence of a potential indicator of impairment, such as a decrease in expected net earnings, changes in assumptions, adverse equity market conditions, a decline in current market multiples, a decline in our common stock price, a significant adverse change in legal factors or business climates, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, strategic decisions made in response to economic or competitive conditions, or a more-likely-than-not expectation that a reporting unit or a significant portion of a reporting unit will be sold or disposed of, could require an interim assessment for some or all of the reporting units before the next required annual assessment. Fiscal Year 2024 We recorded a goodwill impairment of $108.4 million in the year ended April 30, 2024. These charges are reflected in Impairment of goodwill on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Change in Segment Reporting Structure and Goodwill Impairment In the three months ended July 31, 2023, we reorganized our segments. Due to this realignment, we reallocated goodwill in the first quarter of fiscal year 2024 to our reporting units on a relative fair value basis. As a result of this realignment, we were required to test goodwill for impairment immediately before and after the realignment. Since there were no changes to the Research reportable segment, no impairment test of the Research segment goodwill was required. We estimated the fair value of the reporting units using a weighting of fair values derived from an income and a market approach. Fair value computed by these methods is arrived at using a number of key assumptions including forecasted revenues and related growth rates, forecasted operating cash flows, the discount rate, and the selection of relevant market multiples of comparable publicly-traded companies with similar characteristics to the reporting unit. Under the income approach, we determined the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on our best estimates of forecasted economic and market conditions over the period including growth rates and expected changes in operating cash flows. The discount rate used is based on a weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with the characteristics of the business and the projected cash flows. The market approach estimates fair value based on market multiples of current and forward 12-month revenue or EBITDA, as applicable, derived from comparable publicly traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit. Prior to the realignment, the previous reporting units (Academic Publishing, Talent Development, which includes Wiley Edge, and Professional Learning) fair values were above their carrying values. Therefore, there was no indication of impairment. The carrying value of the University Services reporting unit was above its fair value, which resulted in a pretax noncash goodwill impairment of $11.4 million. Such impairment reduced the goodwill of the University Services reporting unit to zero. University Services was adversely impacted by market conditions and headwinds for online degree programs, which led to a decline in projected enrollments from existing partners, pricing pressures and revenue share concessions, and a decline in new partner additions over both the short-term and long-term which adversely impacted forecasted revenue growth and operating cash flows. We also evaluated the recoverability of long-lived assets of the University Services reporting unit and there was no impairment. After the realignment, the new reporting units (Academic, Professional, and Wiley Edge) fair values were above their carrying values. Therefore, there was no indication of impairment. The carrying value of the CrossKnowledge reporting unit was above its fair value which resulted in a pretax noncash goodwill impairment of $15.3 million. Such impairment reduced the goodwill of the CrossKnowledge reporting unit to zero. CrossKnowledge was adversely impacted by a decline in the demand for its offerings, which resulted in lower sales and a decline in average contract value, that adversely impacted forecasted revenue growth and operating cash flows. We also evaluated the recoverability of long-lived assets of the CrossKnowledge reporting unit and there was no impairment. Wiley Edge Interim Impairment Test As a result of signing the Edge Agreement with Inspirit and the decrease in the fair value of the business, which was impacted by a decline in placements, in the third quarter of fiscal year 2024, we tested the goodwill of the Wiley Edge reporting unit for impairment. We concluded that the carrying value of the Wiley Edge reporting unit was above its fair value, which resulted in a pretax noncash goodwill impairment of approximately $81.7 million. Such impairment reduced the goodwill of the Wiley Edge reporting unit to zero. The impairment was due to subsequent changes in the fair value resulting from the continued progression of the selling process, indications of changes in the consideration for the business, and a decline in placements in the third quarter of fiscal year 2024, as well as changes in the carrying amounts of the disposal group. We also evaluated the recoverability of long-lived assets of the Wiley Edge reporting unit and there was no impairment. Annual Impairment Test as of February 1, 2024 For our reporting units within the Research and Learning segments, we performed a qualitative assessment by reporting unit as of February 1, 2024. This assessment included consideration of key factors including macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, financial performance, WACC, market multiples of current and forward 12-month revenue or EBITDA, as applicable, and other relevant entity and reporting unit-specific events. Based on our qualitative assessment, we determined it was not more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. As such, it was not necessary to perform a quantitative test. Fiscal Year 2023 We recorded a goodwill impairment of $99.8 million in the year ended April 30, 2023. These charges are reflected in Impairment of goodwill on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Change in Segment Reporting Structure and Goodwill Impairment In the three months ended January 31, 2023, we reorganized our segments. Due to this realignment, we reallocated goodwill in the third quarter of fiscal year 2023 to our reporting units on a relative fair value basis. As a result of this realignment, we were required to test goodwill for impairment immediately before and after the realignment. Since there were no changes to the Research reportable segment, no interim impairment test of the Research segment goodwill was required. We estimated the fair value of the reporting units using a weighting of fair values derived from an income and a market approach. Fair value computed by these methods is arrived at using a number of key assumptions including forecasted revenues and related growth rates, forecasted operating cash flows, the discount rate, and the selection of relevant market multiples of comparable publicly-traded companies with similar characteristics to the reporting unit. Under the income approach, we determined the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on our best estimates of forecasted economic and market conditions over the period including growth rates and expected changes in operating cash flows. The discount rate used is based on a weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with the characteristics of the business and the projected cash flows. The market approach estimates fair value based on market multiples of current and forward 12-month revenue or EBITDA, as applicable, derived from comparable publicly traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit. Prior to the realignment, we concluded that the fair value of the Academic & Professional Learning reporting unit was above its carrying value. Therefore, there was no indication of impairment. The carrying value of the Education Services reporting unit was above its fair value, which resulted in a pretax noncash goodwill impairment of $31.0 million. Education Services was adversely impacted by market conditions and headwinds for online degree programs. This has led to a decline in projected student enrollments from existing partners, pricing pressures and revenue share concessions, and a decline in new partner additions over both the short-term and long-term, which adversely impacted forecasted revenue growth and operating cash flows. This was partially offset by projected growth in talent placements, partially due to expansion into new regions and the addition of new corporate clients, which are forecasted to have a positive impact on revenue growth and operating cash flows. We also evaluated the recoverability of long-lived assets of the Education Services reporting unit and there was no impairment. After the realignment, we concluded that the fair value of the Academic Publishing, Talent Development and Professional Learning reporting units were above their carrying values. Therefore, there was no indication of impairment. The carrying value of the University Services reporting unit was above its fair value, which resulted in a pretax noncash goodwill impairment of $68.8 million. University Services was adversely impacted by market conditions and headwinds for online degree programs which led to a decline in projected enrollments from existing partners, pricing pressures and revenue share concessions, and a decline in new partner additions over both the short-term and long-term which adversely impacted forecasted revenue growth and operating cash flows. We also evaluated the recoverability of long-lived assets of the University Services reporting unit and there was no impairment. Intangible Assets Intangible assets, net as of April 30 were as follows:
Based on the current amount of intangible assets subject to amortization and assuming current foreign exchange rates, the estimated amortization expense for the following years are as follows:
Annual Indefinite-lived Intangible Impairment Test as of February 1, 2025 and 2024 We also review our indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually, which consists of brands and trademarks and certain acquired publishing rights. For fiscal years 2025 and 2024, we performed a qualitative assessment for our annual indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment test. This assessment included consideration of key factors including macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, financial performance, WACC, and other relevant entity and reporting unit-specific events. Based on our qualitative assessment, we determined it was not more likely than not that the fair value of any indefinite-lived intangible asset was less than its carrying amount. As such, it was not necessary to perform a quantitative test.
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Operating Leases |
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| Leases [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Leases | Operating Leases We have contractual obligations as a lessee with respect to offices, warehouses and distribution centers, automobiles, and office equipment. We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract in accordance with guidance detailed in the lease standard and we perform the lease classification test as of the lease commencement date. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The present value of the lease payments is calculated using an incremental borrowing rate, which was determined based on the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. We use an unsecured borrowing rate and risk-adjust that rate to approximate a collateralized rate. We recognize operating lease expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Lease payments may be fixed or variable. Only lease payments that are fixed, in-substance fixed or depend on a rate or index are included in determining the lease liability. Variable lease payments include payments made to the lessor for taxes, insurance and maintenance of the leased asset and are recognized as operating costs as incurred. We apply certain practical expedients allowed by ASC Topic 842, “Leases”. Leases that are more than one year in duration are capitalized and recorded on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are recognized as short term lease operating costs on a straight-line basis over the term. We have also elected to account for the lease and non-lease components as a single component. Some of our leases offer an option to extend the term of such leases. We utilize the reasonably certain threshold criteria in determining which options we will exercise. For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities as of April 30 are presented in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as follows:
As a result of the Global Restructuring Program, which included the exit of certain leased office space, we recorded restructuring and related charges, which included impairment charges and the acceleration of expense associated with certain operating lease ROU assets. See Note 7, “Restructuring and Related Charges” for more information on this program and the charges incurred. Our total net lease costs were as follows:
Other supplemental information includes the following:
The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2025:
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Income Taxes |
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| Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Taxes | Income Taxes The provision for income taxes were as follows:
International and United States pretax income (loss) were as follows:
Our effective income tax rate as a percentage of pretax income differed from the US federal statutory rate as shown below:
The Company's effective tax rate for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2025, was primarily driven by the impact of the US valuation allowance, the rates of tax imposed on income earned in foreign jurisdictions, and state taxes. Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes: As of April 30, 2025, and April 30, 2024, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits was $9.8 million and $9.2 million, respectively, of which $0.4 million and $0.2 million represented accruals for interest and penalties recorded as additional tax expense in accordance with our accounting policy. As of April 30, 2025, and April 30, 2024, the total interest and penalties was $0.8 million and $0.6 million, respectively. We recorded net interest expense on reserves for unrecognized and recognized tax benefits of $0.2 million in each of the years ended April 30, 2025, and April 30, 2024. As of April 30, 2025, and April 30, 2024, the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits that would reduce our income tax provision, if recognized, were approximately $9.8 million and $9.2 million, respectively. We do not expect any significant changes to the unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months. A reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits included within the Other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position is as follows:
Tax Audits: We file income tax returns in the US and various states and non-US tax jurisdictions. Our major taxing jurisdictions are the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany. We are no longer subject to income tax examinations for years prior to fiscal year 2014 in the major jurisdictions in which we are subject to tax. Deferred Taxes: Deferred taxes result from temporary differences in the recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial reporting purposes. The significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of April 30 were as follows:
The change in net deferred taxes was primarily due to the decrease in net deferred tax liabilities primarily attributable to a decrease in tax liabilities in the capitalization of research and development (R&D) expenses. In addition, we had a decrease in net deferred tax assets related to an increase in the valuation allowance. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we take into account prior earnings history, expected future earnings, reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, carry back and carry forward periods and tax planning strategies that could potentially enhance the likelihood of the realization of a deferred tax asset. Changes to tax laws and statutory tax rates can also have an impact on our valuation allowances. Changes in valuation allowances are included in the Company’s income tax provision in the period of change. We have provided a $77.3 million valuation allowance as of April 30, 2025. This valuation allowance is increased by approximately $23.8 million from the valuation allowance as of April 30, 2024. In fiscal year 2024, due to temporary differences in the US, our deferred taxes reversed from a net deferred tax liability position to a net deferred tax asset position. Due to losses in the US resulting from impairments, restructuring, and acceleration of amortization expense on capitalized software, we concluded it was more-likely-than-not that all or a portion of our deferred tax asset may not be realized. As a result, we established a valuation allowance of $30.2 million. During fiscal year 2025 we increased this valuation allowance by $26.0 million, because of an increase in the US net deferred tax asset attributable primarily to interest expense disallowance and intangible and fixed assets. As of April 30, 2025, we have apportioned state net operating loss carryforwards totaling approximately $126 million, with a tax effected value of $7.1 million net of federal benefits. We have foreign net operating loss carryforwards totaling approximately $0.1 million, and federal net operating loss carryforwards totaling $2.4 million, with a tax effected value of $0.5 million. Our state, foreign, and federal NOLs and credits, to the extent they expire, expire in various amounts from 1 year to indefinite. We intend to repatriate earnings from our non-US subsidiaries, and to the extent we repatriate these funds to the US, we may be required to pay taxes in various US state and local jurisdictions and withholding or similar taxes in applicable non-US jurisdictions in the periods in which such repatriation occurs. As of April 30, 2025, we have recorded a $2.2 million liability related to the estimated taxes that would be incurred upon repatriating certain non-US earnings to the US.
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Debt and Available Credit Facilities |
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| Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt and Available Credit Facilities | Debt and Available Credit Facilities Our total debt outstanding as of April 30 consisted of the amounts set forth in the following table:
The following table summarizes the scheduled annual maturities for the next three years of our long-term debt, including the short-term portion of long-term debt. This schedule represents the principal portion amount of debt outstanding and therefore excludes unamortized issuance costs.
Amended and Restated CA On November 30, 2022, we entered into the second amendment to the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (collectively, the Amended and Restated CA). The Amended and Restated CA as of November 30, 2022 provided for senior unsecured credit facilities comprised of the following (i) a five-year revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $1.115 billion which matures November 2027, (ii) a five-year term loan A facility consisting of $200 million which matures November 2027, and (iii) $185 million aggregate principal amount revolving credit facility which matured in May 2024. Under the terms of the Amended and Restated CA, which can be drawn in multiple currencies, we have the option of borrowing at the following floating interest rates depending on the currency borrowed: (i) at a rate based on the US Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), the Sterling Overnight Index Average Rate (SONIA) or a EURIBOR-based rate, each rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.98% to 1.50%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio, as defined, or (ii) at the lender’s base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from zero to 0.50%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio. With respect to SOFR loans, there is a SOFR adjustment of between 0.10% and 0.25% depending on the duration of the loan. The lender’s base rate is defined as the highest of (i) the US federal funds effective rate plus a 0.50% margin, (ii) the Daily SOFR rate, as defined, plus a 1.00% margin, or (iii) the Bank of America prime lending rate. In addition, we pay a facility fee for the Amended and Restated CA ranging from 0.15% to 0.25% depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio. We also have the option to request an increase in the revolving credit facility by an amount not to exceed $500 million, in minimum increments of $50 million, subject to the approval of the lenders. The Amended and Restated CA contains certain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant in the form of a consolidated net leverage ratio and consolidated interest coverage ratio, which we were in compliance with as of April 30, 2025. In the three months ended January 31, 2023, we incurred a loss of $(0.2) million on the write-off of unamortized deferred costs in connection with the second amendment of the Amended and Restated CA which is reflected in Other income (expense), net on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) for the year ended April 30, 2023. The amortization expense of the costs incurred related to the Amended and Restated CA related to the lender and non-lender fees is recognized over a five-year term for credit commitments that mature in November 2027 and an 18-month term for credit commitments that matured in May 2024. Total amortization expense included in Interest expense on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) is as follows:
Lines of Credit We have other lines of credit aggregating $1.0 million at various interest rates. There were no outstanding borrowings under these credit lines at April 30, 2025 and 2024. Our total available lines of credit as of April 30, 2025 were approximately $1,300.6 million which includes the Amended and Restated CA, of which approximately $500.7 million was unused. We had letters of credit of $0.4 million outstanding under the Amended and Restated CA, and the aggregate stated amount outstanding of these letters of credit reduces the total borrowing base available under the Amended and Restated CA. The weighted average interest rates on total debt outstanding during the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024 were 6.10% and 5.52%, respectively. As of April 30, 2025 and 2024, the weighted average interest rates for total debt were 5.57% and 6.07%, respectively. Based on estimates of interest rates currently available to us for loans with similar terms and maturities, the fair value of our debt approximates its carrying value.
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Derivative Instruments and Activities |
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| Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative Instruments and Activities | Derivative Instruments and Activities Interest Rate Contracts As of April 30, 2025, we had total debt outstanding of $799.4 million, net of unamortized issuance costs of $0.4 million. The $799.8 million of debt outstanding are variable rate loans under the Amended and Restated CA. The carrying value of the debt approximates fair value. As of April 30, 2025 and 2024, the interest rate swap agreements we maintained were designated as fully effective cash flow hedges as defined under ASC Topic 815. As a result, the impact on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) from changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps was fully offset by changes in the interest expense on the underlying variable rate debt instruments. It is management’s intention that the notional amount of interest rate swaps be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life of the derivatives. As of both April 30, 2025 and 2024, we had interest rate swaps outstanding with a combined notional amount of $500.0 million that were designated as cash flow hedges. We record the fair value of our interest rate swaps on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs of quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets. The fair value of our interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges as of April 30 are reflected in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as follows:
The effect of our interest rate swaps on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) and the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) for the years ended April 30 are as follows:
Based on the amount in Accumulated other comprehensive loss at April 30, 2025, approximately $(0.4) million, net of tax, would be reclassified into Net income in the next twelve months. Foreign Currency Contracts We may enter into foreign currency forward contracts to manage our exposure on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The foreign currency forward exchange contracts are marked to market through Net foreign exchange transaction (losses) gains on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and carried at fair value on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date, with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in Net foreign exchange transaction (losses) gains on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). As of April 30, 2025 and 2024, we did not maintain any open foreign currency forward contracts. In addition, we did not maintain any open foreign currency forward contracts during the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023.
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Commitment and Contingencies |
12 Months Ended |
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Apr. 30, 2025 | |
| Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |
| Commitment and Contingencies | Commitment and Contingencies Legal Proceedings We are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of our business. A provision for litigation is accrued when information available to us indicates that it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment may be required to determine both the probability and estimate of loss. When the amount of the loss can only be estimated within a range, the most likely outcome within that range is accrued. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. When uncertainties exist related to the probable outcome of litigation and/or the amount or range of loss, we do not record a liability, but disclose facts related to the nature of the contingency and possible losses if management considers the information to be material. Reserves for legal defense costs are recognized when incurred. The accruals for loss contingencies and legal costs are reviewed regularly and may be adjusted to reflect updated information on the status of litigation and advice of legal counsel. In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of all pending litigation as of April 30, 2025, will not have a material effect upon our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
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Retirement Plans |
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| Retirement Benefits [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retirement Plans | Retirement Plans We have retirement plans that cover substantially all employees. The plans generally provide for employee retirement between the ages 60 and 65, and benefits based on length of service and compensation, as defined. Defined Benefit Plans Our Board of Directors approved plan amendments that froze the following retirement plans: •Retirement Plan for the Employees of John Wiley & Sons, Canada was frozen effective December 31, 2015; •Retirement Plan for the Employees of John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., a UK plan was frozen effective April 30, 2015 and; •US Employees’ Retirement Plan, Supplemental Benefit Plan, and Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, were frozen effective June 30, 2013. We maintain the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan for certain officers and senior management which provides for the payment of supplemental retirement benefits after the termination of employment for 10 years, or in a lifetime annuity. Under certain circumstances, including a change of control as defined, the payment of such amounts could be accelerated on a present value basis. Future accrued benefits to this plan have been discontinued as noted above. The components of net pension expense (income) for the defined benefit plans and the weighted average assumptions were as follows:
In the year ended April 30, 2025, due to the sale of the CrossKnowledge business, there was a credit due to the divestment of the CrossKnowledge Pension Plan of $(0.2) million which is primarily reflected in Other income (expense), net on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). In the year ended April 30, 2023, because of a reduction in force, there was a curtailment credit of $(0.3) million related to the retirement allowances for employees of CrossKnowledge, a France Pension Plan, which is reflected in Other income (expense), net on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). In addition, in the year ended April 30, 2023 due to the closure of our operations in Russia, there was a curtailment and a settlement credit due to the wind up of the Russia Pension Plan of $(1.5) million which is primarily reflected in Other income (expense), net on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). The service cost component of net pension expense (income) is reflected in Operating and administrative expenses on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). The other components of net pension expense (income) are reported separately from the service cost component and below Operating income. Such amounts are reflected in Other income (expense), net on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). The recognized net actuarial loss for each fiscal year is calculated using the “corridor method,” which reflects the amortization of the net loss at the beginning of the fiscal year in excess of 10% of the greater of the market value of plan assets or the projected benefit obligation. The amortization period is based on the average expected life of plan participants for plans with all or almost all inactive participants and frozen plans, and on the average remaining working lifetime of active plan participants for all other plans. The vested benefit obligation for our defined benefit postretirement plans is the actuarial present value of the vested benefits to which the employee is currently entitled but based on the employee's expected date of separation of retirement. We recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of defined benefit postretirement plans, measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation, on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The change in the funded status of the plan is recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Plan assets and obligations are measured at fair value as of our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position date. The following table sets forth the changes in, and the status of, our defined benefit plans’ assets and benefit obligations:
Actuarial losses in the US plans resulting in an increase to our projected benefit obligation for the year ended April 30, 2025, were primarily due to a change in the discount rate and losses from actual demographic experience being different than expected. Actuarial gains for the non-US plans, resulting in a decrease to our projected benefit obligation for the year ended April 30, 2025, were primarily due to a change in the discount rates. Actuarial gains in the US resulting in a decrease to our projected benefit obligation for the year ended April 30, 2024 were primarily due to an increase in the discount rate. Actuarial gains for the non-US plans, resulting in a decrease to our projected benefit obligation for the year ended April 30, 2024 were primarily due to increases in the discount rates. Pension plan assets/investments: The investment guidelines for the defined benefit pension plans are established based upon an evaluation of market conditions, plan liabilities, cash requirements for benefit payments, and tolerance for risk. Investment guidelines include the use of actively and passively managed securities. The investment objective is to ensure that funds are available to meet the plans’ benefit obligations when they are due. The investment strategy is to invest in high quality and diversified equity and debt securities to achieve our long-term expectation. The plans’ risk management practices provide guidance to the investment managers, including guidelines for asset concentration, credit rating, and liquidity. Asset allocation favors a balanced portfolio, with a global aggregated target allocation of approximately 19% equity securities and 81% fixed income securities and cash. Due to volatility in the market, the target allocation is not always desirable and asset allocations will fluctuate between acceptable ranges of plus or minus 5%. We regularly review the investment allocations and periodically rebalance investments to the target allocations. We categorize our pension assets into three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows: •Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. •Level 2: Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1. For example, quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets in inactive markets. •Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset. We did not maintain any level 3 assets during the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024. Certain of our pension assets are invested in common collective trusts managed and valued by the fund administrator. The fair value of the funds is based on the Net Asset Value (NAV) of the underlying investments owned by the fund less its liabilities based on published daily rate. Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient do not have to be classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the following tables are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented for the total pension benefit plan assets. For those plan assets measured at NAV, a redemption request can be executed within a 7-day notice. There are no unfunded commitments or redemption restrictions for these funds. The following tables set forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, pension plan assets at their fair value as of April 30:
Expected employer contributions to the defined benefit pension plans in the year ended April 30, 2026 will be approximately $4.8 million, including $1.8 million of minimum amounts required for our non-US plans. From time to time, we may elect to make voluntary contributions to our defined benefit plans to improve their funded status. Benefit payments to retirees from all defined benefit plans are expected to be the following in the fiscal year indicated:
Retiree Health Benefits We provide contributory life insurance and health care benefits, subject to certain dollar limitations, for substantially all of our eligible retired US employees. The retiree health benefit is no longer available for any employee who retires after December 31, 2017. The cost of such benefits is expensed over the years the employee renders service and is not funded in advance. The accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of both April 30, 2025 and 2024 was $0.6 million. Annual credits for these plans were $(0.1) million for each of the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023 and are reflected in Operating and administrative expenses on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Defined Contribution Savings Plans We have defined contribution savings plans. Our contribution is based on employee contributions and the level of our match. We may make discretionary contributions to all employees as a group. The expense recorded for these plans was approximately $22.8 million, $27.0 million, and $30.7 million in the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively, and is reflected in Operating and administrative expenses on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).
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Stock-Based Compensation |
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| Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation The Company provides stock-based compensation to its employees and non-employee directors, which may include restricted stock units (RSU), PSU, and stock options (collectively, stock-based awards). All equity compensation plans have been approved by shareholders. On September 29, 2022, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2022 Omnibus Stock and Long-Term Incentive Plan (the 2022 Plan), which replaced, with respect to new award grants, our 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan and 2018 Director Stock Plan (the Prior Plans) that were previously in effect. Following the approval of the 2022 Plan, no further awards were available to be issued under the Prior Plans, but awards outstanding under the Prior Plans as of that date remain outstanding in accordance with their terms. A total number of 6.2 million shares of our Class A stock was authorized under the 2022 Plan. In addition, any outstanding awards cancelled from the Prior Plans are added to the shares available under the 2022 Plan. As of April 30, 2025, there were approximately 5.3 million securities remaining that are available for future issuance under the 2022 Plan. We issue treasury shares to fund awards issued under the 2022 Plan. Stock Option Activity Under the terms of our stock option plan, the exercise price of stock options granted may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the stock at the date of grant. Options are exercisable over a maximum period of ten years from the date of grant. For the options granted in the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, such options generally vest 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% on April 30, or on each anniversary date after the award is granted. There were no options granted in the year ended April 30, 2025. The following table provides the estimated weighted average fair value for options granted during the years ended April 30 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, and the significant weighted average assumptions used in their determination:
As of April 30, 2025, there was $0.5 million of unrecognized share-based compensation cost related to options, which is expected to be recognized over a period up to 3 years, or 2.0 years on a weighted average basis. The following table summarizes the activity and status of our stock option plans during the year ended April 30, 2025:
The intrinsic value is the difference between our common stock price and the option grant price. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2023 was $0.1 million, and $0.1 million, respectively. There were no options exercised during the year ended April 30, 2024. The total grant date fair value of stock options vested during the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $0.6 million, $0.9 million, and $0.5 million, respectively. The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at April 30, 2025:
Performance-Based and Other Restricted Stock Activity Under the terms of our long-term incentive plans, PSU are payable in restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock upon the achievement of certain three-year or less financial performance-based targets. During each three-year period or less, we adjust compensation expense based upon our best estimate of expected performance. Restricted performance share units vest 100% on June 30 following the end of the three-year performance cycle. We may also grant individual restricted unit awards payable in restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock to key employees in connection with their employment. Restricted shares generally vest ratably 25% per year. Under certain circumstances relating to a change of control or termination, as defined, the restrictions would lapse and shares would vest earlier. Activity for performance-based and other restricted stock awards during the years ended April 30, was as follows (shares in thousands):
We recognized stock-based compensation expense (including stock options) primarily in Operating and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss), on a pretax basis, as follows:
As of April 30, 2025, there was $27.2 million of unrecognized share-based compensation cost related to performance-based and other restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a period up to 4 years, or 2.3 years on a weighted average basis. Compensation expense for restricted stock awards is measured using the closing market price of our Class A Common Stock at the date of grant. The total grant date value of shares vested during the years ended April 30 was as follows:
President and CEO New Hire Equity Awards On July 8, 2024, the Company named Mr. Matthew Kissner President and CEO and entered into an employment agreement (Employment Agreement) with him. Mr. Kissner had served as the Company’s interim President and CEO since October 10, 2023. Under the Employment Agreement, Mr. Kissner will be eligible to participate in the Company’s Executive Long-Term Incentive Plan (ELTIP), with a target long-term incentive equal to $3.0 million. Sixty percent of the ELTIP value will be delivered in the form of target performance share units and forty percent in restricted share units. The grant date fair value for the restricted share units was $46.65 per share and included 27,192 restricted share units, which vest 25% each year starting on April 30, 2025 to April 30, 2028. The grant date fair value for the performance share units was $46.65 per share and included 40,789 performance share units, which vest 100% on June 30, 2027. Awards are subject to forfeiture in the case of voluntary termination prior to vesting, and continued vesting in the case of earlier termination of employment without cause or due to constructive discharge. All other terms and conditions are the same as for other executives, as outlined in the ELTIP grant agreements. Director Stock Awards On September 29, 2022, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2022 Plan, which replaced, with respect to new award grants, the 2018 Director Stock Plan (the 2018 Plan) that was previously in effect. Under the terms of the 2022 Plan, each nonemployee director is eligible to receive an annual award of restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock equal in value to 100% of the annual director stock retainer fee, based on the stock price at the close of the New York Stock Exchange on the date of grant. Such restricted shares will vest on the earliest of (i) the day before the next annual meeting of stockholders following the grant, (ii) the nonemployee director’s death or disability (as determined by the Governance Committee of the Board of Directors (Governance Committee)), or (iii) a change in control (as defined in the 2022 Plan). The granted shares may not be sold or transferred during the time the nonemployee director remains a director. There were 23,940, 25,744, and 30,706 restricted shares awarded under the 2022 Plan, or the 2018 Plan, as the case may be, for the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. In addition, pursuant to the John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan for Directors’ 2005 & After Compensation, as amended through September 20, 2022 (Deferred Compensation Plan), each nonemployee director has the option of receiving all or part of the annual cash retainer in the form of deferred stock and receive dividends in the form of deferred stock. The annual cash retainers deferred as stock and the dividends received in the form of deferred stock, all pursuant to the Deferred Compensation Plan, are nominal for the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023.
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Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts |
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| Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts | Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts Wiley has two classes of common stock, Class A and Class B. Each share of our Class B Common Stock is convertible into one share of Class A Common Stock. The holders of Class A stock are entitled to elect 30% of the entire Board of Directors and the holders of Class B stock are entitled to elect the remainder. On all other matters, each share of Class A stock is entitled to one tenth of one vote, and each share of Class B stock is entitled to one vote. Share Repurchases During the year ended April 30, 2020, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program of $200 million of Class A or B Common Stock. As of April 30, 2025, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to purchase up to $57.4 million that was remaining under this program. The following table summarizes the share repurchases of Class A and B Common Stock during the years ended April 30 (shares in thousands):
For the year ended April 30, 2025, the average price per share excludes excise taxes payable on share repurchases and may differ from the share repurchases reflected in Purchases of treasury shares in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Dividends We declared and paid quarterly cash dividends on our Class A and Class B Common Stock for a total of $76.1 million, $77.0 million, and $77.3 million during the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. Changes in Common Stock The following is a summary of changes during the years ended April 30, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).
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| Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment Information | Segment Information We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting.” We determine our operating and reportable segments based on how our CODM evaluates our business performance, manages the operations, makes operating decisions, and allocates resources. Our segment reporting structure consists of three operating and reportable segments, which are listed below, as well as a Corporate expense category, which includes certain costs that are not allocated to the reportable segments: •Research •Learning •Held for Sale or Sold Our President and Chief Executive Officer is the Company’s CODM. The performance metric used by our CODM to evaluate performance of our reportable segments is Adjusted Operating Income. The CODM uses Adjusted Operating Income during the annual budgeting process and evaluates budget and forecast-to-actual variances on a monthly basis to make decisions about the allocation of resources to our segments. Our significant expense categories that are included within Adjusted Operating Income include cost of sales, direct expenses, allocated expenses from our Corporate expense category, and amortization of intangible assets. The significant expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the CODM. The following tables present a summary of our Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) by segment, and the reconciliation to Income (Loss) before taxes for the years ended April 30:
See Note 3, “Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,” for revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023. Depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended April 30 were as follows:
Revenue for the years ended April 30 from external customers based on the location of the customer were as follows:
Total long-lived assets, consisting of technology, property and equipment, net and operating lease ROU assets by geographical area as of April 30 were as follows:
Our CODM reviews our financial position at a consolidated level and does not review assets by segment to evaluate segment performance or allocate resources. As such, assets by segment are not disclosed.
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Schedule II-VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS |
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| SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SEC Schedule, 12-09, Schedule of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure | Schedule II JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEARS ENDED APRIL 30, 2025, 2024, AND 2023 (Dollars in thousands)
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Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
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| Pay vs Performance Disclosure | |||
| Net income (loss) | $ 84,161 | $ (200,319) | $ 17,233 |
Insider Trading Arrangements |
3 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |
| Trading Arrangements, by Individual | |
| Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted | false |
| Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted | false |
| Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated | false |
| Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated | false |
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |
| Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items] | |
| Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted | true |
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |
| Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items] | |
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block] | Risk Management and Strategy Wiley is committed to maintaining robust cybersecurity practices to safeguard our operations, data, and stakeholders’ interests. We monitor our cybersecurity landscape and adapt our strategies and governance practices to mitigate risks in this rapidly evolving area. Wiley adopted the National Institute of Standards and Technology Cybersecurity Framework (NIST-CSF) as a guide for its cybersecurity program to establish and maintain a continuous improvement process for identifying, assessing, and managing cyber risks and cyber-related threats. Informed by the NIST-CSF, we maintain a cybersecurity risk management program that is designed to identify, assess, manage, and mitigate cybersecurity risks and provides a framework for handling cybersecurity threats and incidents, including threats and incidents associated with the use of services provided by third-party service providers. To secure our technology environment, our organization leverages the latest software and security capabilities with a defense-in-depth and layered strategy. We deploy endpoint detection and response, network anomaly detection, and multi-factor authentication across most of our environment. We engage with various third-party consultants as well as utilize various threat intelligence services to assist in our oversight and to identify risks. We require employees with access to our information systems, including all corporate employees and consultants, to undertake annual data protection and cybersecurity training and ongoing phishing simulation exercises. In addition, Wiley’s controls are also monitored and tested on a continuous basis by an external third-party to assess the effectiveness of our cyber program. Based on the information we have as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we do not believe that any cybersecurity incident experienced by the Company has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect Wiley, including our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. For additional information about cybersecurity risks, see Item 1A. “Risk Factors.
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| Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag] | true |
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block] | Wiley adopted the National Institute of Standards and Technology Cybersecurity Framework (NIST-CSF) as a guide for its cybersecurity program to establish and maintain a continuous improvement process for identifying, assessing, and managing cyber risks and cyber-related threats. Informed by the NIST-CSF, we maintain a cybersecurity risk management program that is designed to identify, assess, manage, and mitigate cybersecurity risks and provides a framework for handling cybersecurity threats and incidents, including threats and incidents associated with the use of services provided by third-party service providers. To secure our technology environment, our organization leverages the latest software and security capabilities with a defense-in-depth and layered strategy. We deploy endpoint detection and response, network anomaly detection, and multi-factor authentication across most of our environment. We engage with various third-party consultants as well as utilize various threat intelligence services to assist in our oversight and to identify risks. We require employees with access to our information systems, including all corporate employees and consultants, to undertake annual data protection and cybersecurity training and ongoing phishing simulation exercises. In addition, Wiley’s controls are also monitored and tested on a continuous basis by an external third-party to assess the effectiveness of our cyber program.
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| Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag] | true |
| Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag] | true |
| Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag] | false |
| Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block] | Our Board is responsible for the overall oversight of our enterprise risk management. The Board receives regular updates on the key risks to the organization on a quarterly basis. The Board has delegated oversight of cybersecurity risks to the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee receives quarterly and yearly cybersecurity updates from the Company’s Chief Information & Security Officer (CISO), which includes updates on the Company’s cybersecurity policies and strategies, cyber risks and threats, the status of projects designed to continuously improve the Company’s information security systems, assessments of the Company’s security program, employee training and awareness programs, emerging threat landscape, and engagement with external cybersecurity experts and advisors, as needed. Management’s Role Management is responsible for day-to-day risk management activities, including identifying and assessing cybersecurity risks, establishing processes to ensure that potential cybersecurity risk exposures are monitored, implementing appropriate mitigation or remediation measures, and maintaining cybersecurity programs. Risk mitigation strategies and key performance indicators are defined, and tracked, as part of the quarterly internal reporting. The information security team consists of subject matter experts in the fields of security operations, governance risk and compliance (GRC), application security, fraud, identity and access management, and security architecture. Our security operation center (SOC) monitors the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity incidents through a variety of technical and operational measures and regularly reports to our CISO. Our CISO is part of the senior management team and regularly updates the Audit Committee on the company’s cybersecurity program, including cybersecurity risks, incidents, and mitigation strategies. The information security team is led by the CISO who has 29 years of experience in business risk management and cybersecurity. The information security team has established processes and procedures that guide and enable continuous monitoring, detection, prevention, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity incidents. These processes are carried out using various security platforms tools, capabilities, and strategies including tests of our information security program, tabletop exercises, penetration and vulnerability testing, and other exercises to evaluate the effectiveness of our information security program and improve our security measures and planning. Incident response teams within the SOC utilize procedures that identify escalation paths when security events are identified. Incident priorities dictate escalation of events and how they are reported from an incident commander up to the executive leadership team within Wiley as well as to the Board. Despite our efforts, we cannot eliminate all risks from cybersecurity threats or provide assurances that we have not experienced an undetected cybersecurity incident. The threat landscape is constantly changing and will continue to as new technologies, such as AI, evolve.
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| Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] | Our Board is responsible for the overall oversight of our enterprise risk management. |
| Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block] | The Board receives regular updates on the key risks to the organization on a quarterly basis. |
| Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block] | Management is responsible for day-to-day risk management activities, including identifying and assessing cybersecurity risks, establishing processes to ensure that potential cybersecurity risk exposures are monitored, implementing appropriate mitigation or remediation measures, and maintaining cybersecurity programs. Risk mitigation strategies and key performance indicators are defined, and tracked, as part of the quarterly internal reporting. The information security team consists of subject matter experts in the fields of security operations, governance risk and compliance (GRC), application security, fraud, identity and access management, and security architecture. Our security operation center (SOC) monitors the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity incidents through a variety of technical and operational measures and regularly reports to our CISO. Our CISO is part of the senior management team and regularly updates the Audit Committee on the company’s cybersecurity program, including cybersecurity risks, incidents, and mitigation strategies. The information security team is led by the CISO who has 29 years of experience in business risk management and cybersecurity. The information security team has established processes and procedures that guide and enable continuous monitoring, detection, prevention, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity incidents. These processes are carried out using various security platforms tools, capabilities, and strategies including tests of our information security program, tabletop exercises, penetration and vulnerability testing, and other exercises to evaluate the effectiveness of our information security program and improve our security measures and planning. Incident response teams within the SOC utilize procedures that identify escalation paths when security events are identified. Incident priorities dictate escalation of events and how they are reported from an incident commander up to the executive leadership team within Wiley as well as to the Board.
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| Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag] | true |
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block] | The Audit Committee receives quarterly and yearly cybersecurity updates from the Company’s Chief Information & Security Officer (CISO), which includes updates on the Company’s cybersecurity policies and strategies, cyber risks and threats, the status of projects designed to continuously improve the Company’s information security systems, assessments of the Company’s security program, employee training and awareness programs, emerging threat landscape, and engagement with external cybersecurity experts and advisors, as needed. Despite our efforts, we cannot eliminate all risks from cybersecurity threats or provide assurances that we have not experienced an undetected cybersecurity incident. The threat landscape is constantly changing and will continue to as new technologies, such as AI, evolve.
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| Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block] | The information security team is led by the CISO who has 29 years of experience in business risk management and cybersecurity. |
| Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block] | The Audit Committee receives quarterly and yearly cybersecurity updates from the Company’s Chief Information & Security Officer (CISO), which includes updates on the Company’s cybersecurity policies and strategies, cyber risks and threats, the status of projects designed to continuously improve the Company’s information security systems, assessments of the Company’s security program, employee training and awareness programs, emerging threat landscape, and engagement with external cybersecurity experts and advisors, as needed. |
| Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag] | true |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards (Policies) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
| Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation: Our Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. All amounts are presented in United States (US) dollars, unless otherwise specified. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and are approximate due to rounding.
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| Reclassifications | Reclassifications: Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.
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| Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates: The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (US GAAP) requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and revenue and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates include, among other items, sales return reserves, allocation of acquisition purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, assets and liabilities held-for-sale, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets, and retirement plans. We review these estimates and assumptions periodically using historical experience and other factors and reflect the effects of any revisions on the Consolidated Financial Statements in the period we determine any revisions to be necessary. Actual results could differ from those estimates, which could affect the reported results.
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| Book Overdrafts | Book Overdrafts: Under our cash management system, a book overdraft balance exists for our primary disbursement accounts. This overdraft represents uncleared checks in excess of cash balances in individual bank accounts. Our funds are transferred from other existing bank account balances or from lines of credit as needed to fund checks presented for payment.
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| Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition: Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using a five-step model consisting of the following: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract based on its stand-alone selling price. We use an observable price to determine the stand-alone selling price for separate performance obligations if available or, when not available, an estimate that maximizes the use of observable inputs and faithfully depicts the selling price of the promised goods or services if we sold those goods or services separately to a similar customer in similar circumstances. Suitable methods for estimating the standalone selling price include adjusted market assessment approach, expected cost plus a margin approach, and the residual approach. Any contract discount within the agreement is allocated across all performance obligations unless observable evidence exists that the discount relates to a specific performance obligation or obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation. Performance obligations are satisfied when we transfer control of a good or service to a customer, which can occur over time or at a point in time. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, including the expected value of variable consideration. The customer’s ability and intent to pay the transaction price is assessed in determining whether a contract exists with the customer. If collectability of substantially all the consideration in a contract is not probable, consideration received is not recognized as revenue unless the consideration is nonrefundable, and we no longer have an obligation to transfer additional goods or services to the customer, or collectability becomes probable.
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase and are stated at cost, which approximates market value, because of the short-term maturity of the instruments.
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| Allowance for Credit Losses | Allowance for Credit Losses: We are exposed to credit losses through our accounts receivable with customers. Accounts receivable, net, is stated at amortized cost net of provision for credit losses. Our methodology to measure the provision for credit losses requires an estimation of loss rates based upon historical loss experience adjusted for factors that are relevant to determining the expected collectability of accounts receivable, such as, delinquency trends, aging behavior of receivables, credit and liquidity indicators for industry groups, customer classes or individual customers, and reasonable and supportable forecasts of the economic and geopolitical conditions that may exist through the contractual life of the asset. Our provision for credit losses is reviewed and revised periodically. Our accounts receivable is evaluated on a pool basis that is based on customer groups with similar risk characteristics. This includes consideration of the following factors to develop these pools: size of the customer, industry, geographical location, historical risk, and types of services or products sold. We write off receivables only when deemed no longer collectible. We are also exposed to potential credit losses through our notes receivable issued in connection with our divestitures.
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| Sales Return Reserves | Sales Return Reserves: The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain, and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related increase to inventory and a reduction to accrued royalties as a result of the expected returns.
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| Inventories | Inventories: Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value. US book inventories aggregating $10.9 million and $11.4 million at April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, are valued using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. All other inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method.
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| Product Development Assets | Product Development Assets: Product development assets consist of book composition costs and other product development costs and are included in Other non-current assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Costs associated with developing a book for publication are expensed until the product is determined to be commercially viable. Book composition costs represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication, which include typesetting, proofreading, design, illustration costs, and digital formatting. Book composition costs are capitalized and are generally amortized on a double-declining basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 1 to 3 years. Other product development costs represent the costs incurred in developing software, platforms, and digital content to be sold and licensed to third parties. Other product development costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. As of April 30, 2025, the weighted average estimated useful life of other product development costs was approximately 3 years.
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| Royalty Advances | Royalty Advances: Royalty advances are capitalized in Other non-current assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and, upon publication, are expensed as royalties earned based on sales of the published works. Royalty advances are reviewed for recoverability, and a reserve for loss is maintained, if appropriate.
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| Technology, Property, and Equipment | Technology, Property, and Equipment: Technology, property, and equipment is recorded at cost, except for property and equipment that have been impaired, for which we reduce the carrying amount to the estimated fair value at the impairment date. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Technology, property, and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method based upon the following estimated useful lives: Computer Software – 3 to 10 years; Computer Hardware – 3 to 5 years; Buildings and Leasehold Improvements – the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset up to 40 years or the duration of the lease; Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment – 5 to 10 years. Costs incurred for computer software internally developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized during the application development stage and expensed as incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages. Costs incurred during the application development stage include costs of materials, services, payroll, and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with the software project. Such costs are amortized over the expected useful life of the related software, which is generally 3 to 5 years. Maintenance, training, and upgrade costs that do not result in additional functionality are expensed as incurred.
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| Cloud Computing Arrangements | Cloud Computing Arrangements: We incur costs to implement cloud computing arrangements that are hosted by third parties. Costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized if they consist of internal and external costs directly attributable to developing and configuring the cloud computing software for its intended use. Once a project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use, such costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the term of the cloud computing arrangement in Operating and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).
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| Allocation of Acquisition Purchase Price to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed | Allocation of Acquisition Purchase Price to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed: In connection with acquisitions, we allocate the cost of the acquisition to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on the estimates of fair value for such items, including intangible assets and technology acquired. The excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The determination of the acquisition-date fair value of the assets acquired, and liabilities assumed, requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions, such as forecasted revenue growth rates and operating cash flows, royalty rates, customer attrition rates, obsolescence rates of developed technology, and discount rates. We may use a third-party valuation consultant to assist in the determination of such estimates.
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| Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale | Assets and Liabilities Held-for-Sale: We classify assets as held-for-sale when management commits to a plan to sell, the assets are available for immediate sale in their present condition, we have initiated an active program to find a buyer, and the sale is probable within one year. Assets must be actively marketed at a reasonable price, and the plan should indicate completion is likely without significant changes. Assets classified as held-for-sale are measured at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell. Fair value determination may involve significant estimates regarding forecasted information and discount rates. Upon classification as held-for-sale, we report the assets and liabilities of the disposal group as held-for-sale in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Any impairment is recognized in Net (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and is included as a valuation allowance or contra-asset account within Current assets held-for-sale or Non-current assets held-for-sale or both on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. We reassess fair value each reporting period and adjust the carrying value as necessary, without exceeding the original carrying value when first classified as held-for-sale. Gains are only recognized upon actual sale.
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| Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets | Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets: Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate of the following: (1) consideration transferred, (2) the fair value of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, and (3) if the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition-date fair value of our previously held equity interest in the acquiree over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. Indefinite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of brands and trademarks, and publishing rights, and are typically characterized by intellectual property with a long and well-established revenue stream resulting from strong and well-established imprint/brand recognition in the market. We use the acquisition method of accounting for all business combinations and do not amortize goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for possible impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.
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| Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets | Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets: Definite-lived intangible assets principally consist of content and publishing rights, customer relationships, developed technology, brands and trademarks, and covenants not to compete agreements, and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The most significant factors in determining the estimated lives of these intangibles are the history and longevity, combined with the strength and pattern of projected cash flows. Intangible assets with definite lives as of April 30, 2025 are amortized on a straight-line basis over the following weighted average estimated useful lives: content and publishing rights – 26 years, customer relationships – 15 years, developed technology – 7 years, brands and trademarks – 16 years, and covenants not to compete agreements – 4 years. Assets with definite lives are evaluated for indicators of impairment upon a significant change in the operating or macroeconomic environment. When indicators of impairment are present, we test definite lived and long-lived assets for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of an asset group to an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. In these circumstances, if an evaluation of the projected undiscounted cash flows indicates impairment, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value based on the discounted future cash flows.
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| Leases | Leases: We have contractual obligations as a lessee with respect to offices, warehouses and distribution centers, automobiles, and office equipment.
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| Employee Benefit Plans | Employee Benefit Plans: We provide various defined benefit plans to our employees. We use actuarial assumptions to calculate pension and benefit costs as well as pension assets and liabilities included in the consolidated financial statements. See Note 17, “Retirement Plans” for further details of our policy.
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| Income Taxes | Income Taxes: Income taxes are recorded using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Deferred taxes are measured using rates the Company expects to apply to taxable income in years in which those temporary differences are expected to reverse. The financial effect of changes in tax laws or rates is accounted for in the period of enactment. Future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that the realization of such benefits is more likely than not. Valuation allowances are established when management determines that it is more likely than not that some or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. From time to time, the Company engages in transactions in which the tax consequences may be subject to uncertainty. Judgment is required in assessing and estimating the tax consequences of these transactions. The Company prepares and files tax returns based on its interpretation of tax laws and regulations. In the normal course of business, the Company’s tax returns are subject to examination by various taxing authorities. Such examinations may result in future tax and interest assessments by these taxing authorities. In determining the Company’s tax provision for financial reporting purposes, the Company establishes a reserve for uncertain tax positions, unless such positions are determined to be more likely than not of being sustained upon examination based on their technical merits, including the resolution of any appeals or litigation processes. The Company includes interest and, where appropriate, penalties as a component of income tax expense. There is judgment involved in determining whether positions taken on the Company’s tax returns are more likely than not of being sustained, which involve the use of estimates and assumptions with respect to the potential outcome of positions taken on tax returns that may be reviewed by tax authorities.
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| Derivative Financial Instruments | Derivative Financial Instruments: From time to time, we enter into foreign exchange forward and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates, and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value. Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Under FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (ASC Topic 815), derivative instruments that are designated as cash flow hedges have changes in their fair value recorded initially within Accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. As interest expense is recognized based on the variable rate loan agreements, the corresponding deferred gain or loss on the interest rate swaps is reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Interest Expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). The interest settlement payments associated with the interest rate swap agreements are classified as cash flows from operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. For derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under a master netting arrangement, we do not offset fair value amounts of interest rate swaps in liability positions with the ones in asset positions in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
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| Foreign Currency Gains/Losses | Foreign Currency Gains/Losses: We maintain operations in many non-US locations. Assets and liabilities are translated into US dollars using end-of-period exchange rates and revenues, and expenses are translated into US dollars using weighted average rates. Our significant investments in non-US businesses are exposed to foreign currency risk. Foreign currency translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss within Shareholders’ Equity. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) as incurred.
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| Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation: We recognize stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the stock-based awards on the grant date, reduced by an estimate for future forfeited awards. As such, stock-based compensation expense is only recognized for those awards that are expected to ultimately vest. The fair value of stock-based awards is recognized in net income generally on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Stock-based compensation expense associated with performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established up to three years in advance, or less. The cumulative effect on current and prior periods of a change in the estimated number of performance share awards, or estimated forfeiture rate, is recognized as an adjustment to earnings in the period of the revision. Judgment was also required in estimating the number of stock-based awards that may be forfeited. If actual results differ significantly from estimates, our stock-based compensation expense and Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) could be impacted. We accelerate expense on performance-based awards using a graded vesting schedule for employees who meet retirement eligibility requirements prior to the end of the award’s service period. The grant date fair value for stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The determination of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model include the expected life of an option, the expected volatility of our common stock over the estimated life of the option, a risk-free interest rate, and the expected dividend yield.
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| Fair Value Measurement | Fair Value Measurement: The carrying value of financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value is measured on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis are those that are adjusted to fair value at the end of every reporting period. Financial assets and liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis are those that are adjusted to fair value when a significant event occurs. In accordance with FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (ASC Topic 820), assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurement disclosures are classified according to the three-level fair value hierarchy with respect to the inputs used to determine fair value. The level in which an asset or liability is disclosed within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the related fair value measurement in its entirety. The levels of input are defined as follows: •Level 1: Quoted prices unadjusted for identical assets or liabilities in an active market. •Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in an active market, quoted prices for identical similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable and market-corroborated inputs which are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. •Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the entity’s own assumptions which market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
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| Recently Adopted Accounting Standards and Recently Issued Accounting Standards | Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Segment Reporting - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” This ASU improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM), the disclosure and description of other segment items, the inclusion of all current annual disclosures about a reportable segment in interim periods, allows for disclosure of multiple measures of a reportable segment's profit or loss, requires disclosure of the CODM's title and position, and requires a description of how the CODM uses reported measures in assessing the performance of reportable segments and in making decisions pertaining to allocation of resources. We adopted ASU 2023-07 for the fiscal year ending April 30, 2025. This standard was applied retrospectively for all periods presented in the financial statements. See Note 20, “Segment Information” for new disclosures related to significant expenses, the CODM, and other segment items. The adoption did not impact our consolidated financial statements. Recently Issued Accounting Standards Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40), Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses.” In January 2025, the FASB clarified the effective date of this guidance with the issuance of ASU 2025-01, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date.” This ASU requires disclosure about specific types of expenses included in expense captions, including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, amortization, and depletion. This ASU is effective for our annual disclosures starting fiscal year 2028 and interim periods starting in fiscal year 2029. Early adoption is permitted. A public entity should apply the amendments in this ASU on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. We are currently assessing the impact of the disclosure requirements on our consolidated financial statements. Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” This ASU enhances the transparency, effectiveness, and comparability of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information related to income tax rate reconciliations and the jurisdictions in which income taxes are paid. This ASU is effective for our annual disclosures starting fiscal year 2026. Early adoption is permitted. A public entity should apply the amendments in this ASU on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. We are currently assessing the impact of the disclosure requirements on our consolidated financial statements.
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| Revenue | Research Total Research revenue was $1,075.5 million in the year ended April 30, 2025. Research products are sold and distributed globally through multiple channels. The majority of revenue generated from Research products is recognized over time. We disaggregated revenue by Research Publishing and Research Solutions to reflect the different types of products and services provided. Research Publishing Products Research Publishing products provide scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services, to academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals. Research Publishing revenue was $922.6 million in the year ended April 30, 2025, and the majority is recognized over time. In the year ended April 30, 2025, Research Publishing products generated approximately 87% of its revenue from contracts with its customers from Journal Subscriptions (pay to read) and Transformational Agreements (read and publish) under multiyear arrangements, and Open Access (pay to publish). The remaining revenue is from Licensing and ancillary products. Journal Subscriptions and Transformational Models Journal Subscription contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. In a typical Journal Subscription sale, there is a written agreement between us and our customer that covers multiple years. However, we typically account for these agreements as one-year contracts because our enforceable rights under the agreements are subject to an annual confirmation and negotiation process with the customer. In Journal Subscriptions, there are generally two performance obligations: a functional intellectual property license with a stand-ready obligation to provide access to new content for one year, which includes online hosting of the content (collectively referred to as Read) which is recognized over time, and a functional intellectual property perpetual license for access to historical journal content (Perpetual License) which is recognized at the point in time when access to the historical content is initially granted. The transaction price consists of fixed consideration. Journal Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance when the annual license is granted. The total transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price using a combination of observable and estimated stand-alone selling prices, which includes the expected cost plus a margin approach. We allocate revenue to the stand-ready obligation to provide access to new content for one year based on its observable standalone selling price to provide the right of access to additional intellectual property. The allocation of revenue to the perpetual licenses for access to historical journal content is done using the expected cost plus a margin approach, as applicable. Transformational Agreements (read and publish) blend Journal Subscription and Open Access offerings. Generally, for a single fee, a national or regional consortium of libraries pays for and receives full read access to our journal portfolio and the ability to publish under an open access arrangement. Transformational Agreements include multiple performance obligations and depending upon the model, can include a combination of Read which is recognized over time; Perpetual License which is recognized at a point in time; and a publishing right that allows for articles to be published in hybrid and/or gold open access journals, which is recognized point in time or over time depending upon the model. The total transaction price is generally fixed and allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative stand-alone selling price using a combination of observable and estimated stand-alone selling prices. Estimated stand-alone selling prices include the expected cost plus a margin approach, and a residual approach. Open Access Under the open access business model, there is generally one performance obligation whereby accepted research articles are published and all open articles are immediately free to access online. The transaction price is fixed based on payment of an article publication charge (APC). Revenue is recognized at a point in time which is upon publication which is when Wiley’s obligation is complete. Licensing and Ancillary Products Within licensing the revenue derived from these contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments, including minimum guarantees and sales- or usage-based royalty agreements. Our intellectual property is considered to be functional intellectual property. Due to the stand-ready obligation to provide updates during the subscription period, which is generally an annual period, revenue for the minimum guarantee is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement. For our sales- or usage-based royalty agreements, we recognize revenue in the period of usage based on the amounts earned. We record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee in advance (recorded over time as described above) against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. When the cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee, it is recognized as the subsequent sales or usage occurs. We also license content for artificial intelligence (AI) models at a fixed transaction price and the majority of the revenue is recognized at a point in time which is upon acceptance. Research Solutions Products and Services Research Solutions revenue was $152.9 million in the year ended April 30, 2025, and the majority is recognized over time. In the year ended April 30, 2025, Research Solutions products and services generated approximately 55% of their revenue from contracts with customers that include corporate solutions such as managed services which includes advertising, and full sales and marketing services for publishers and societies; recruitment platform and services; spectral databases; and projects which includes content creation and distribution, digital events, and webinars. The remainder of the revenue within Research Solutions from contracts with customers includes platform and workflow solutions for societies and publishers, which includes production and content hosting, submissions and peer review support, editorial, and copy editing services. Included within platforms is our Atypon® publishing platform for societies and publishers which includes a single performance obligation for the implementation and hosting of subscription services. The transaction price is fixed which may include price escalators that are fixed increases per year. Revenue is recognized upon the initiation of the subscription period and recognized on a straight-line basis over the time of the contractual period. The duration of these contracts is generally multiyear ranging from 2 to 5 years. Learning Total Learning revenue was $584.8 million in the year ended April 30, 2025. We disaggregated revenue by Academic and Professional to reflect the different types of products and services provided. Academic Academic products revenue was $333.7 million in the year ended April 30, 2025. Products and services include scientific, professional, and education print and digital books, and digital courseware to libraries, corporations, students, professionals, and researchers. Products are developed for worldwide distribution through multiple channels, including chain and online booksellers, libraries, colleges and universities, corporations, direct to consumer, websites, distributor networks and other online applications. In the year ended April 30, 2025, Academic products generated approximately 54% of their revenue from contracts with their customers for print and digital publishing, which is recognized at a point in time. Digital Courseware products generate approximately 33% of their revenue from contracts with their customers which is recognized over time. The remainder of their revenues were from Licensing and ancillary products which have a mix of revenue recognized at a point in time and over time. Print and Digital Publishing Our performance obligations as they relate to print and digital publishing are primarily book products delivered in both print and digital form which could include single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of print or digital books purchased. Each is represented by an International Standard Book Number (ISBN), with each ISBN representing a performance obligation. Each ISBN has an observable stand-alone selling price as Wiley sells the books separately. This revenue stream also includes variable consideration as it relates to returns for both print and digital books. Revenue is recognized at the point when control of the product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered. Digital Courseware Products Courseware customers purchase access codes to utilize the product. Revenue is recognized over time in the period from when the access codes are activated over the applicable semester term to which such product relates. Licensing and Ancillary Products Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage-based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee (recognized at a point in time as described above) against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee and the subsequent sales or usage occurs. We also license content for AI models at a fixed transaction price and the revenue is recognized at a point in time which is upon acceptance. Professional Professional products revenue was $251.1 million in the year ended April 30, 2025. Professional provides learning, development, publishing, and assessment services for businesses and professionals. Our professional publishing produces books, which includes business and finance, technology, professional development for educators, test preparation books and other professional categories, as well as the For Dummies® brand. Products are sold to brick-and-mortar and online retailers, wholesalers who supply such bookstores, college bookstores, individual practitioners, corporations, and government agencies. In the year ended April 30, 2025, Professional products generated approximately 55% of their revenue from contracts with their customers for professional publishing, which is recognized at a point in time. Our assessments offering in the year ended April 30, 2025 generates approximately 30% of their revenue from contracts with its customers, which has a mix of revenue recognized at a point in time and over time. The remainder of Professional revenues were from Licensing and ancillary revenue streams, which has a mix of revenue recognized at a point in time and over time. Professional Publishing Professional publishing has the same performance obligations as Academic print and digital publishing which is described above. Revenue is recognized at the point when control of the product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered. Assessments Our assessments offering includes high-demand soft-skills training solutions that are delivered to organizational clients through online digital delivery platforms, either directly or through an authorized distributor network of independent consultants, trainers, and coaches. Our assessments product offering includes multiple performance obligations which includes annual memberships which are recognized over time, and the assessments and related products or services which are recognized at a point in time. We allocate revenue based on observable standalone selling prices of each performance obligation. Licensing and ancillary products Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage-based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee (recognized at a point in time as described above) against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee and the subsequent sales or usage occurs. We also license our content for AI model training and development as described above. Held for Sale or Sold Held for Sale or Sold revenue was $17.4 million in the year ended April 30, 2025. Wiley Edge was sold on May 31, 2024 with exception of its India operations which sold on August 31, 2024. Wiley Edge previously sourced, trained, and prepared aspiring students and professionals to meet the skill needs of today’s technology careers, and then place them with some of the world’s largest financial institutions, technology companies, and government agencies. Wiley Edge revenue was recognized at the point in time the services were provided to its customers. CrossKnowledge was sold on August 31, 2024. CrossKnowledge services previously included corporate learning online learning and training solutions for global corporations, universities, and small and medium-sized enterprises sold on a subscription or fee basis. CrossKnowledge revenue was recognized over time. Held for Sale or Sold also includes the revenue associated with those businesses which were sold in fiscal year 2024 which includes University Services and Tuition Manager, and in fiscal year 2023 includes Wiley’s Efficient Learning test prep portfolio business, and our advancement courses business. Accounts Receivable, Net and Contract Liability Balances When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.
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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards (Tables) |
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| Schedule of Net Sales Return Reserves by Balance Sheet Account | The reserves are reflected in the following accounts of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of April 30:
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| Schedule of Advertising and Marketing Costs | Advertising and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. These costs are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) as follows:
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Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Revenue from Contracts With Customers Disaggregated by Segment and Product Type | The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.
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| Schedule of Contract with Customer, Contract Asset, Contract Liability, and Receivable | The following table provides information about accounts receivable, net and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.
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| Schedule of Capitalized Contract Cost | We recorded amortization expense related to these assets within Cost of sales on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) as follows:
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| Schedule of Shipping and Handling Cost | Costs incurred for third-party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and were incurred as follows:
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Acquisitions and Divestitures (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations | For the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023, we recorded net pretax (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale as follows:
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| Schedule of Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Weighted Average Number of Shares | A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings (loss) per share follows (shares in thousands):
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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component, Net of Tax | Changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, net of tax, for the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023 were as follows:
|
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Restructuring and Related Charges (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Restructuring and Related Costs | The following tables summarize the pretax restructuring charges related to the Global Restructuring Program:
|
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| Schedule of Activity for Restructuring Liability | The following table summarizes the activity for the Global Restructuring Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2025:
|
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Inventories (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventory Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Inventories | Inventories, net consisted of the following at April 30:
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Product Development Assets (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Product Development Assets | Product development assets, net were included in Other non-current assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and consisted of the following at April 30:
|
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| Schedule Of Amortization Expense For Product Development Assets | The following table details our amortization expense for product development assets, net:
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Technology, Property, and Equipment (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment | Technology, property, and equipment, net consisted of the following at April 30:
The following table details our depreciation and amortization expense for technology, property, and equipment, net:
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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Goodwill | The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of April 30:
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| Schedule of Intangible Assets, Net | Intangible assets, net as of April 30 were as follows:
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| Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense | Based on the current amount of intangible assets subject to amortization and assuming current foreign exchange rates, the estimated amortization expense for the following years are as follows:
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Operating Leases (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leases [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of ROU Assets and Lease Liabilities | For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities as of April 30 are presented in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as follows:
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| Schedule of Total Net Lease Costs | Our total net lease costs were as follows:
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| Schedule of Other Supplemental Information for Operating Leases | Other supplemental information includes the following:
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| Schedule of Reconciliation of Undiscounted Cash Flows to Operating Lease Liabilities | The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2025:
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Income Taxes (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Income Tax Expense | The provision for income taxes were as follows:
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| Schedule of Income Before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign | International and United States pretax income (loss) were as follows:
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| Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation | Our effective income tax rate as a percentage of pretax income differed from the US federal statutory rate as shown below:
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| Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits | A reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits included within the Other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position is as follows:
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| Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities | The significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of April 30 were as follows:
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Debt and Available Credit Facilities (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Total Debt Outstanding | Our total debt outstanding as of April 30 consisted of the amounts set forth in the following table:
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| Schedule of Amortization Expense | The following table summarizes the scheduled annual maturities for the next three years of our long-term debt, including the short-term portion of long-term debt. This schedule represents the principal portion amount of debt outstanding and therefore excludes unamortized issuance costs.
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| Schedule of Amortization Expense | Total amortization expense included in Interest expense on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) is as follows:
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Derivative Instruments and Activities (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Derivatives Instruments Statements of Financial Performance and Financial Position, Location | The fair value of our interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges as of April 30 are reflected in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as follows:
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| Schedule of Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | The effect of our interest rate swaps on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) and the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) for the years ended April 30 are as follows:
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Retirement Plans (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retirement Benefits [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Net Periodic Pension Expense (Income) for Defined Benefit Plans and Weighted-Average Assumptions | The components of net pension expense (income) for the defined benefit plans and the weighted average assumptions were as follows:
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| Schedule of Defined Benefit Plans Disclosures | The following table sets forth the changes in, and the status of, our defined benefit plans’ assets and benefit obligations:
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| Schedule of Pension Plan Assets at Fair Value by Level Within Fair Value Hierarchy | The following tables set forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, pension plan assets at their fair value as of April 30:
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| Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments | Benefit payments to retirees from all defined benefit plans are expected to be the following in the fiscal year indicated:
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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions | The following table provides the estimated weighted average fair value for options granted during the years ended April 30 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, and the significant weighted average assumptions used in their determination:
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| Schedule of Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option, Activity | The following table summarizes the activity and status of our stock option plans during the year ended April 30, 2025:
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| Schedule of Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option, Exercise Price Range | The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at April 30, 2025:
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| Schedule of Share-based Payment Arrangement, Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit, Activity | Activity for performance-based and other restricted stock awards during the years ended April 30, was as follows (shares in thousands):
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| Schedule of Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount | We recognized stock-based compensation expense (including stock options) primarily in Operating and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss), on a pretax basis, as follows:
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| Schedule of Disclosure of Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award | The total grant date value of shares vested during the years ended April 30 was as follows:
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Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Apr. 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Shares Repurchased | The following table summarizes the share repurchases of Class A and B Common Stock during the years ended April 30 (shares in thousands):
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| Schedule of Stock by Class | The following is a summary of changes during the years ended April 30, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).
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Segment Information (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment | Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) by segment, and the reconciliation to Income (Loss) before taxes for the years ended April 30:
See Note 3, “Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,” for revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the years ended April 30, 2025, 2024, and 2023. Depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended April 30 were as follows:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of Revenue from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets, by Geographical Areas | Revenue for the years ended April 30 from external customers based on the location of the customer were as follows:
Total long-lived assets, consisting of technology, property and equipment, net and operating lease ROU assets by geographical area as of April 30 were as follows:
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Description of Business (Details) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Apr. 30, 2025
segment
| |
| Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | |
| Number of reportable segments | 3 |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Bank overdrafts | $ 14,800 | $ 10,100 |
| Notes receivable inclusive of interest | 121,500 | 92,500 |
| Print book sales return reserve net liability balance | (8,984) | (14,448) |
| LIFO Inventory Amount | 10,900 | 11,400 |
| Cloud computing arrangement | $ 24,000 | $ 3,600 |
| Performance-based Restricted Stock Awards | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Target period for stock-based compensation expense in advance of actual financial results | 3 years | |
| Developed technology | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Estimated useful life | 7 years | |
| Minimum | Book composition costs | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Estimated useful life | 1 year | |
| Minimum | Computer Software | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment, useful life | 3 years | |
| Minimum | Computer Hardware | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment, useful life | 3 years | |
| Minimum | Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment, useful life | 5 years | |
| Minimum | Software Development | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment, useful life | 3 years | |
| Maximum | Book composition costs | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Estimated useful life | 3 years | |
| Maximum | Computer Software | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment, useful life | 10 years | |
| Maximum | Computer Hardware | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment, useful life | 5 years | |
| Maximum | Buildings and Leasehold Improvements | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment, useful life | 40 years | |
| Maximum | Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment, useful life | 10 years | |
| Maximum | Software Development | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Property, plant and equipment, useful life | 5 years | |
| Weighted Average | Content and publishing rights | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Estimated useful life | 26 years | |
| Weighted Average | Customer relationships | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Estimated useful life | 15 years | |
| Weighted Average | Brands and trademarks | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Estimated useful life | 16 years | |
| Weighted Average | Covenants not to compete | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Estimated useful life | 4 years | |
| Weighted Average | Other Product Development Costs | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Estimated useful life | 3 years |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards - Schedule of Net Sales Return Reserves by Balance Sheet Account (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||
| Increase in Inventories, net | $ 4,042 | $ 7,833 |
| Decrease in Accrued royalties | (2,067) | (3,112) |
| Increase in Contract liabilities | 15,093 | 25,393 |
| Print book sales return reserve net liability balance | $ (8,984) | $ (14,448) |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards - Schedule of Advertising and Marketing Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Advertising and marketing costs | $ 31,235 | $ 61,709 | $ 93,385 |
| Cost of Sales | |||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Advertising and marketing costs | 29 | 28,809 | 55,907 |
| Operating and administrative expenses | |||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Advertising and marketing costs | $ 31,206 | $ 32,900 | $ 37,478 |
Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract] | |||
| Total Revenue | $ 1,677,609 | $ 1,872,987 | $ 2,019,900 |
| Operating Segments | |||
| Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract] | |||
| Total Revenue | 1,677,609 | 1,872,987 | 2,019,900 |
| Operating Segments | Research | |||
| Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract] | |||
| Total Revenue | 1,075,459 | 1,042,705 | 1,080,311 |
| Operating Segments | Research | Research Publishing | |||
| Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract] | |||
| Total Revenue | 922,553 | 892,784 | 926,773 |
| Operating Segments | Research | Research Solutions | |||
| Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract] | |||
| Total Revenue | 152,906 | 149,921 | 153,538 |
| Operating Segments | Learning | |||
| Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract] | |||
| Total Revenue | 584,768 | 574,739 | 546,395 |
| Operating Segments | Learning | Academic | |||
| Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract] | |||
| Total Revenue | 333,693 | 323,541 | 304,633 |
| Operating Segments | Learning | Professional | |||
| Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract] | |||
| Total Revenue | 251,075 | 251,198 | 241,762 |
| Operating Segments | Held for Sale or Sold | |||
| Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract] | |||
| Total Revenue | $ 17,382 | $ 255,543 | $ 393,194 |
Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Apr. 30, 2025
USD ($)
performanceObligation
|
Apr. 30, 2024
USD ($)
|
Apr. 30, 2023
USD ($)
|
|
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | $ 1,677,609 | $ 1,872,987 | $ 2,019,900 |
| Disposal Group, Held-for-Sale or Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue from disposal group | $ 17,400 | ||
| Research Publishing | Revenue from Contract with Customers | Product Concentration Risk | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue percentage | 87.00% | ||
| Academic | Revenue from Contract with Customers | Product Concentration Risk | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue percentage | 54.00% | ||
| Professional Products | Revenue from Contract with Customers | Product Concentration Risk | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue percentage | 55.00% | ||
| Academic | Revenue from Contract with Customers | Product Concentration Risk | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue percentage | 55.00% | ||
| Digital Courseware | Revenue from Contract with Customers | Product Concentration Risk | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue percentage | 33.00% | ||
| Professional Products Mix | Revenue from Contract with Customers | Product Concentration Risk | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue percentage | 30.00% | ||
| Research | Research Publishing | Journal Revenue | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Number of performance obligations | performanceObligation | 2 | ||
| Duration of contract | 1 year | ||
| Research | Academic | Atypon Platforms and Services | Minimum | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Duration of contract | 2 years | ||
| Research | Academic | Atypon Platforms and Services | Maximum | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Duration of contract | 5 years | ||
| Learning | Research Publishing | Journal Revenue | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Duration of contract | 1 year | ||
| Operating Segments | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | $ 1,677,609 | 1,872,987 | 2,019,900 |
| Operating Segments | Research | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | 1,075,459 | 1,042,705 | 1,080,311 |
| Operating Segments | Research | Research Publishing | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | 922,553 | 892,784 | 926,773 |
| Operating Segments | Research | Research Solutions Products and Services | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | 152,900 | ||
| Operating Segments | Learning | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | 584,768 | $ 574,739 | $ 546,395 |
| Operating Segments | Learning | Academic | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | 333,700 | ||
| Operating Segments | Learning | Professional Products | |||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | $ 251,100 | ||
Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers - Accounts Receivable, Net and Contract Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|
| Contract with Customer, Contract Asset, Contract Liability, and Receivable [Abstract] | ||
| Accounts receivable, net | $ 228,410 | $ 224,198 |
| Contract liabilities | 462,693 | 483,778 |
| Contract liabilities (included in Other long-term liabilities) | 16,725 | 14,819 |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities | ||
| Accounts receivable, net | 4,212 | |
| Contract liabilities | (21,085) | |
| Contract liabilities (included in Other long-term liabilities) | 1,906 | |
| Sales return reserve recorded in contract liability | $ 15,100 | $ 25,400 |
Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers - Remaining Performance Obligations included in Contract Liability (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue, Performance Obligation Satisfied over Time [Abstract] | ||
| Revenue, remaining performance obligation, amount | $ 479.4 | |
| Contract with customer, refund liability, current | 15.1 | $ 25.4 |
| Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-05-01 | ||
| Revenue, Performance Obligation Satisfied over Time [Abstract] | ||
| Remaining performance obligations excluding sales return reserve | $ 447.6 | |
| Revenue, remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period | 12 months | |
| Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-05-01 | ||
| Revenue, Performance Obligation Satisfied over Time [Abstract] | ||
| Remaining performance obligations excluding sales return reserve | $ 16.7 | |
| Revenue, remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period |
Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers - Assets Recognized for the Costs to Fulfill a Contract (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] | ||
| Costs capitalized | $ 2.2 | $ 3.1 |
Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers - Amortization Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] | |||
| Amortization expense | $ 1,385 | $ 4,527 | $ 4,465 |
Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers - Shipping and Handling (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] | |||
| Shipping and handling costs | $ 23,644 | $ 25,853 | $ 27,149 |
Acquisitions and Divestitures - Pre Tax Loss on Sale of Business and Certain Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||
| Net (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale | $ (23,340) | $ (183,389) | $ 10,177 |
| Cross Knowledge | |||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||
| Net (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale | 4,119 | (55,440) | 0 |
| Wiley Edge | |||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||
| Net (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale | (14,852) | (19,401) | 0 |
| University Services | |||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||
| Net (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale | (12,578) | (107,048) | 0 |
| Tuition Manager | |||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||
| Net (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale | 120 | (1,500) | 0 |
| Test Prep and Advancement Courses | |||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||
| Net (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale | 0 | 0 | 10,177 |
| Sale of assets | |||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||
| Net (loss) gain on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale | $ (149) | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Acquisitions and Divestitures - Narrative (Details) |
1 Months Ended | 2 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Apr. 30, 2025
USD ($)
|
May 31, 2024
USD ($)
|
May 31, 2023
USD ($)
|
Apr. 30, 2023
USD ($)
|
Mar. 31, 2023
USD ($)
|
Apr. 30, 2023
USD ($)
|
Oct. 31, 2024
USD ($)
|
Apr. 30, 2025
USD ($)
|
Apr. 30, 2024
USD ($)
|
Apr. 30, 2023
USD ($)
|
Jun. 05, 2025
USD ($)
|
Jan. 31, 2025
USD ($)
|
Jan. 01, 2024 |
|
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Pre tax loss on sale | $ (23,340,000) | $ (183,389,000) | $ 10,177,000 | ||||||||||
| Net cash | 7,642,000 | 1,771,000 | (15,585,000) | ||||||||||
| Sale of assets | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Pre tax loss on sale | $ 200,000 | ||||||||||||
| Net cash | $ 8,500,000 | ||||||||||||
| Cross Knowledge | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Pre tax loss on sale | 4,119,000 | (55,440,000) | 0 | ||||||||||
| Wiley Edge | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Pre tax loss on sale | (14,852,000) | (19,401,000) | 0 | ||||||||||
| University Services | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Pre tax loss on sale | (12,578,000) | (107,048,000) | 0 | ||||||||||
| Tuition Manager | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Pre tax loss on sale | 120,000 | (1,500,000) | $ 0 | ||||||||||
| Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | Cross Knowledge | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Selling price for disposal | $ 3,000,000.0 | 3,000,000.0 | |||||||||||
| (Loss) gain on disposition of business | (51,300,000) | ||||||||||||
| Net gain (loss) on disposition | 4,100,000 | ||||||||||||
| Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | Wiley Edge | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Selling price for disposal | 23,300,000 | 23,300,000 | |||||||||||
| (Loss) gain on disposition of business | (34,300,000) | ||||||||||||
| Net gain (loss) on disposition | (14,900,000) | ||||||||||||
| Cash consideration | 10,000,000 | 10,000,000 | |||||||||||
| Consideration, noncash | 13,300,000 | ||||||||||||
| Contingent consideration | $ 15,000,000 | ||||||||||||
| Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | Wiley Edge | Earnout | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Selling price for disposal | $ 0 | ||||||||||||
| Contingent consideration | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
| Maximum consideration | $ 34,000,000 | ||||||||||||
| Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | Wiley Edge | Inspirit Seller Note | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Stated interest rate (as a percent) | 8.00% | ||||||||||||
| Increase in interest rate (as a percent) | 1.00% | ||||||||||||
| Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | University Services | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| (Loss) gain on disposition of business | (107,000,000) | ||||||||||||
| Disposal group, pre-tax (loss) gain | 12,600,000 | ||||||||||||
| Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | University Services | Subsequent Event | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Cash consideration | $ 119,500,000 | ||||||||||||
| Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | University Services | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 9,500,000 | 9,500,000 | |||||||||||
| Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | University Services | Earnout | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Selling price for disposal | $ 110,000,000 | 110,000,000 | |||||||||||
| Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | University Services | TVG Investment | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Parent company units as a percentage of total units (as a percent) | 0.10 | ||||||||||||
| Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | Tuition Manager | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| (Loss) gain on disposition of business | $ (1,400,000) | 100,000 | (1,500,000) | ||||||||||
| Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations | Test Prep and Advancement Courses | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| (Loss) gain on disposition of business | $ 10,200,000 | ||||||||||||
| Proceeds from divestiture of businesses | $ 1,000,000.0 | $ 15,500,000 | $ 16,500,000 | ||||||||||
| Held-for-Sale | Cross Knowledge | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Disposal group, pre-tax (loss) gain | $ 51,000,000 | 55,400,000 | |||||||||||
| Held-for-Sale | Wiley Edge | |||||||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||||||
| Disposal group, pre-tax (loss) gain | $ 19,400,000 | ||||||||||||
Acquisitions and Divestitures - Categories of Assets and Liabilities Held For Sale (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Assets held-for-sale: | ||
| Total current assets held-for-sale | $ 0 | $ 34,422 |
| Total non-current assets held-for-sale | 0 | 19,160 |
| Liabilities held-for-sale: | ||
| Total current liabilities held-for-sale | 0 | 37,632 |
| Deferred income tax liabilities | $ 0 | 8,868 |
| Held-for-Sale | ||
| Assets held-for-sale: | ||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 16,192 | |
| Accounts receivable, net | 26,811 | |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 9,328 | |
| Valuation allowance | (17,909) | |
| Total current assets held-for-sale | 34,422 | |
| Technology, property and equipment, net | 6,674 | |
| Intangible assets, net | 52,389 | |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 2,099 | |
| Other non-current assets | 14,930 | |
| Valuation allowance | (56,932) | |
| Total non-current assets held-for-sale | 19,160 | |
| Liabilities held-for-sale: | ||
| Accounts payable | 494 | |
| Accrued royalties | 268 | |
| Contract liabilities | 16,796 | |
| Accrued employment costs | 11,795 | |
| Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities | 787 | |
| Other accrued liabilities | 7,492 | |
| Total current liabilities held-for-sale | 37,632 | |
| Accrued pension liability | 1,037 | |
| Deferred income tax liabilities | 8,868 | |
| Operating lease liabilities | 410 | |
| Other long-term liabilities | 922 | |
| Total long-term liabilities held-for-sale | 11,237 | |
| Cross Knowledge | Held-for-Sale | ||
| Assets held-for-sale: | ||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 6,305 | |
| Accounts receivable, net | 12,914 | |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 3,780 | |
| Valuation allowance | (17,909) | |
| Total current assets held-for-sale | 5,090 | |
| Technology, property and equipment, net | 3,786 | |
| Intangible assets, net | 17,777 | |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 1,091 | |
| Other non-current assets | 14,877 | |
| Valuation allowance | (37,531) | |
| Total non-current assets held-for-sale | 0 | |
| Liabilities held-for-sale: | ||
| Accounts payable | 494 | |
| Accrued royalties | 268 | |
| Contract liabilities | 16,796 | |
| Accrued employment costs | 7,805 | |
| Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities | 319 | |
| Other accrued liabilities | 2,762 | |
| Total current liabilities held-for-sale | 28,444 | |
| Accrued pension liability | 1,037 | |
| Deferred income tax liabilities | 4,420 | |
| Operating lease liabilities | 251 | |
| Other long-term liabilities | 694 | |
| Total long-term liabilities held-for-sale | 6,402 | |
| Wiley Edge | Held-for-Sale | ||
| Assets held-for-sale: | ||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 9,887 | |
| Accounts receivable, net | 13,897 | |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 5,548 | |
| Valuation allowance | 0 | |
| Total current assets held-for-sale | 29,332 | |
| Technology, property and equipment, net | 2,888 | |
| Intangible assets, net | 34,612 | |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 1,008 | |
| Other non-current assets | 53 | |
| Valuation allowance | (19,401) | |
| Total non-current assets held-for-sale | 19,160 | |
| Liabilities held-for-sale: | ||
| Accounts payable | 0 | |
| Accrued royalties | 0 | |
| Contract liabilities | 0 | |
| Accrued employment costs | 3,990 | |
| Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities | 468 | |
| Other accrued liabilities | 4,730 | |
| Total current liabilities held-for-sale | 9,188 | |
| Accrued pension liability | 0 | |
| Deferred income tax liabilities | 4,448 | |
| Operating lease liabilities | 159 | |
| Other long-term liabilities | 228 | |
| Total long-term liabilities held-for-sale | $ 4,835 |
Acquisitions and Divestitures - Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
[1] | Apr. 30, 2022 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ 85,882 | $ 83,249 | |||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash per Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended April 30, 2024 | $ 85,932 | [1] | 99,543 | [1] | $ 107,262 | $ 100,727 | |||
| Held-for-Sale | |||||||||
| Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items] | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 83,249 | ||||||||
| Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 50 | ||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash per Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2024 | 83,299 | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents held-for-sale | 16,192 | ||||||||
| Restricted cash held-for-sale included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 52 | ||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash held-for-sale as of April 30, 2024 | $ 16,244 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Details) - shares shares in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Earnings Per Share [Abstract] | |||
| Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares) | 54,054 | 54,945 | 55,558 |
| Shares used for basic earnings (loss) per share (in shares) | 54,054 | 54,945 | 55,558 |
| Dilutive effect of unvested restricted stock units and other stock awards (in shares) | 776 | 0 | 797 |
| Shares used for diluted earnings (loss) per share (in shares) | 54,830 | 54,945 | 56,355 |
| Antidilutive options to purchase Class A common shares, restricted shares, and contingently issuable restricted stock which are excluded from the table above (in shares) | 509 | 1,264 | 393 |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance | $ 739,716 | $ 1,045,027 | $ 1,142,269 |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 23,770 | 3,880 | (21,448) |
| Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss | 25,749 | (3,417) | 692 |
| Total other comprehensive income (loss) | 49,519 | 463 | (20,756) |
| Balance | 752,206 | 739,716 | 1,045,027 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax | |||
| AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance | (528,439) | (528,902) | (508,146) |
| Balance | (478,920) | (528,439) | (528,902) |
| Foreign Currency Translation | |||
| AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance | (333,827) | (326,346) | (329,566) |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 46,052 | (7,481) | 3,220 |
| Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss | 23,227 | 0 | 0 |
| Total other comprehensive income (loss) | 69,279 | (7,481) | 3,220 |
| Balance | (264,548) | (333,827) | (326,346) |
| Unamortized Retirement Costs | |||
| AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance | (200,922) | (206,806) | (182,226) |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | (14,370) | (37) | (29,053) |
| Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss | 6,102 | 5,921 | 4,473 |
| Total other comprehensive income (loss) | (8,268) | 5,884 | (24,580) |
| Balance | (209,190) | (200,922) | (206,806) |
| Interest Rate Swaps | |||
| AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance | 6,310 | 4,250 | 3,646 |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | (7,912) | 11,398 | 4,385 |
| Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (3,580) | (9,338) | (3,781) |
| Total other comprehensive income (loss) | (11,492) | 2,060 | 604 |
| Balance | $ (5,182) | $ 6,310 | $ 4,250 |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss - Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items] | |||
| Cumulative translation adjustments | $ (25,749) | $ 3,417 | $ (692) |
| Wiley Edge And Cross Knowledge | |||
| Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items] | |||
| Cumulative translation adjustments | (23,200) | ||
| Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | |||
| Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items] | |||
| Pension expense | $ 8,100 | $ 7,900 | $ 6,000 |
Restructuring and Related Charges - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring Charges, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] | Restructuring and related charges | Restructuring and related charges | |
| Restructuring liability | $ 5,600 | ||
| Restructuring reserve, noncurrent | 1,000 | ||
| Restructuring and related charges | $ 25,561 | $ 63,041 | $ 49,389 |
| Global Restructuring Program | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Occupancy square footage (percent) | 35.00% | ||
| Operating leases right of use asset fair value | 8,700 | 12,100 | |
| Cumulative translation adjustment gain, writeoff | $ 1,400 | 1,000 | 1,100 |
| Restructuring charges | 900 | 2,000 | 8,300 |
| Restructuring and related charges | 29,347 | 61,554 | 48,882 |
| Business Optimization Program | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | $ (3,800) | $ 1,400 | $ 500 |
Restructuring and Related Charges - Pretax Restructuring Charges (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | $ 25,561 | $ 63,041 | $ 49,389 |
| Global Restructuring Program | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | 29,347 | 61,554 | 48,882 |
| Total Charges Incurred to Date | 139,783 | ||
| Global Restructuring Program | Severance and termination benefits | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | 20,596 | 28,556 | 25,827 |
| Total Charges Incurred to Date | 74,979 | ||
| Global Restructuring Program | Impairment of operating lease ROU assets and technology, property and equipment | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | 656 | 10,043 | 12,696 |
| Total Charges Incurred to Date | 23,395 | ||
| Global Restructuring Program | Acceleration of expense related to operating lease ROU assets, technology, property and equipment, and intangible assets | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | 1,786 | 4,148 | 2,140 |
| Total Charges Incurred to Date | 8,074 | ||
| Global Restructuring Program | Facility related charges, net | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | 4,249 | 4,254 | 4,150 |
| Total Charges Incurred to Date | 12,653 | ||
| Global Restructuring Program | Consulting costs | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | 657 | 8,967 | 2,285 |
| Total Charges Incurred to Date | 11,909 | ||
| Global Restructuring Program | Other activities | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | 1,403 | 5,586 | 1,784 |
| Total Charges Incurred to Date | 8,773 | ||
| Operating Segments | Research | Global Restructuring Program | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | 10,047 | 7,410 | 2,413 |
| Total Charges Incurred to Date | 19,870 | ||
| Operating Segments | Learning | Global Restructuring Program | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | 1,515 | 11,448 | 7,804 |
| Total Charges Incurred to Date | 20,767 | ||
| Operating Segments | Held for Sale or Sold | Global Restructuring Program | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | (117) | 7,326 | 5,786 |
| Total Charges Incurred to Date | 12,995 | ||
| Corporate expenses | Global Restructuring Program | |||
| Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items] | |||
| Restructuring and related charges | 17,902 | $ 35,370 | $ 32,879 |
| Total Charges Incurred to Date | $ 86,151 | ||
Restructuring and Related Charges - Activity for Restructuring Liability (Details) - Global Restructuring Program $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Apr. 30, 2025
USD ($)
| |
| Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward] | |
| Restructuring liability, beginning of period | $ 9,069 |
| Charges | 22,656 |
| Payments | (22,333) |
| Foreign Translation & Other Adjustments | (1,554) |
| Restructuring liability, end of period | 7,838 |
| Severance and termination benefits | |
| Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward] | |
| Restructuring liability, beginning of period | 5,396 |
| Charges | 20,596 |
| Payments | (18,477) |
| Foreign Translation & Other Adjustments | (893) |
| Restructuring liability, end of period | 6,622 |
| Consulting costs | |
| Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward] | |
| Restructuring liability, beginning of period | 1,794 |
| Charges | 657 |
| Payments | (1,525) |
| Foreign Translation & Other Adjustments | 1 |
| Restructuring liability, end of period | 927 |
| Other activities | |
| Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward] | |
| Restructuring liability, beginning of period | 1,879 |
| Charges | 1,403 |
| Payments | (2,331) |
| Foreign Translation & Other Adjustments | (662) |
| Restructuring liability, end of period | $ 289 |
Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|
| Inventory Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
| Finished goods | $ 27,581 | $ 24,295 |
| Work-in-process | 632 | 1,445 |
| Paper and other materials | 124 | 181 |
| Total inventories before estimated sales returns and LIFO reserve | 28,337 | 25,921 |
| Inventory value of estimated sales returns | 4,042 | 7,833 |
| LIFO reserve | (9,504) | (7,535) |
| Inventories, net | 22,875 | 26,219 |
| Adjustment for lower of cost or net realizable value | $ 11,100 | $ 11,900 |
Product Development Assets - Schedule of Product Development Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Product development assets, gross | $ 299,435 | $ 266,822 |
| Accumulated amortization | (283,382) | (249,183) |
| Product development assets, net | 16,053 | 17,639 |
| Book composition costs | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Product development assets, gross | 247,442 | 213,811 |
| Software costs | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Product development assets, gross | 50,960 | 52,415 |
| Content development costs | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Product development assets, gross | $ 1,033 | $ 596 |
Product Development Assets - Schedule Of Amortization Expense For Product Development Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Amortization expense | $ 16,610 | $ 22,835 | $ 32,366 |
Product Development Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Book composition costs | ||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | ||
| Work in process | $ 3.3 | $ 2.3 |
Technology, Property, and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Technology, property, and equipment, gross | $ 799,326 | $ 772,666 | |
| Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (637,201) | (580,228) | |
| Technology, property, and equipment, net | 162,125 | 192,438 | |
| Capitalized software amortization expense | 65,348 | 83,250 | $ 78,441 |
| Depreciation and amortization expense, excluding capitalized software | 13,346 | 14,910 | 17,565 |
| Total depreciation and amortization expense for technology, property and equipment | 78,694 | 98,160 | $ 96,006 |
| Capitalized software | |||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Technology, property, and equipment, gross | 644,900 | 601,452 | |
| Computer hardware | |||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Technology, property, and equipment, gross | 54,160 | 53,918 | |
| Buildings and leasehold improvements | |||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Technology, property, and equipment, gross | 67,589 | 82,199 | |
| Furniture, fixtures, and warehouse equipment | |||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Technology, property, and equipment, gross | 31,817 | 31,814 | |
| Land and land improvements | |||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Technology, property, and equipment, gross | $ 860 | $ 3,283 | |
Technology, Property, and Equipment - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Asset impairment charges | $ 1.5 | $ 20.3 | $ 99.8 |
| Restructuring And Related Charges | |||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Asset impairment charges | 0.7 | 4.4 | |
| Accelerated amortization expense | $ 0.8 | ||
| Selling, General and Administrative Expenses | |||
| Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items] | |||
| Asset impairment charges | $ 15.9 | ||
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Goodwill [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance, beginning of period | $ 1,091,368,000 | $ 1,204,050,000 | |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | (108,449,000) | $ (99,800,000) |
| Acquisition | 1,026,000 | ||
| Foreign Translation Adjustment | 29,111,000 | (4,233,000) | |
| Balance, end of period | 1,121,505,000 | 1,091,368,000 | 1,204,050,000 |
| Total excluding Held for Sale or Sold segment | |||
| Goodwill [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance, beginning of period | 1,091,368,000 | 1,095,754,000 | |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | ||
| Acquisition | 1,026,000 | ||
| Foreign Translation Adjustment | 29,111,000 | (4,386,000) | |
| Balance, end of period | 1,121,505,000 | 1,091,368,000 | 1,095,754,000 |
| Research | |||
| Goodwill [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance, beginning of period | 607,289,000 | 609,729,000 | |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | ||
| Acquisition | 0 | ||
| Foreign Translation Adjustment | 32,145,000 | (2,440,000) | |
| Balance, end of period | 639,434,000 | 607,289,000 | 609,729,000 |
| Learning | |||
| Goodwill [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance, beginning of period | 484,079,000 | 486,025,000 | |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | ||
| Acquisition | 1,026,000 | ||
| Foreign Translation Adjustment | (3,034,000) | (1,946,000) | |
| Balance, end of period | 482,071,000 | 484,079,000 | 486,025,000 |
| Held for Sale or Sold | |||
| Goodwill [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance, beginning of period | 0 | 108,296,000 | |
| Impairment of goodwill | (108,449,000) | ||
| Acquisition | 0 | ||
| Foreign Translation Adjustment | 0 | 153,000 | |
| Balance, end of period | $ 0 | 0 | $ 108,296,000 |
| Goodwill, accumulated impairment loss | $ 318,200,000 | ||
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Impairment of goodwill | $ 0 | $ 108,449,000 | $ 99,800,000 |
| Asset impairment charges | 1,500,000 | 20,300,000 | 99,800,000 |
| Goodwill | 1,121,505,000 | $ 1,091,368,000 | $ 1,204,050,000 |
| Education Services | |||
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Impairment of goodwill | 31,000,000.0 | ||
| University Services | |||
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Impairment of goodwill | 68,800,000 | ||
| Held-for-Sale | Wiley Edge | |||
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Impairment of goodwill | 81,700,000 | ||
| Goodwill | 0 | ||
| University Services | |||
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Impairment of goodwill | 11,400,000 | ||
| Goodwill | 0 | ||
| Cross Knowledge | |||
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Impairment of goodwill | 15,300,000 | ||
| Goodwill | $ 0 | ||
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Intangible assets with definite lives, net | ||
| Cost | $ 1,284,042 | $ 1,290,607 |
| Accumulated Amortization | (813,550) | (794,349) |
| Total | 470,492 | 496,258 |
| Intangible assets with indefinite lives: | ||
| Cost | 124,552 | 119,436 |
| Total | 124,552 | 119,436 |
| Total intangible assets, net | ||
| Cost | 1,408,594 | 1,410,043 |
| Total Intangible Assets, Net | 595,044 | 615,694 |
| Brands and trademarks | ||
| Intangible assets with indefinite lives: | ||
| Cost | 37,000 | 37,000 |
| Total | 37,000 | 37,000 |
| Publishing rights | ||
| Intangible assets with indefinite lives: | ||
| Cost | 87,552 | 82,436 |
| Total | 87,552 | 82,436 |
| Publishing rights | ||
| Intangible assets with definite lives, net | ||
| Cost | 1,080,115 | 1,087,601 |
| Accumulated Amortization | (662,133) | (656,342) |
| Total | 417,982 | 431,259 |
| Customer relationships | ||
| Intangible assets with definite lives, net | ||
| Cost | 131,037 | 125,521 |
| Accumulated Amortization | (95,996) | (85,812) |
| Total | 35,041 | 39,709 |
| Developed technology | ||
| Intangible assets with definite lives, net | ||
| Cost | 41,195 | 44,880 |
| Accumulated Amortization | (28,789) | (25,358) |
| Total | 12,406 | 19,522 |
| Accumulated impairment | 2,800 | 2,800 |
| Brands and trademarks | ||
| Intangible assets with definite lives, net | ||
| Cost | 30,538 | 31,448 |
| Accumulated Amortization | (25,484) | (25,714) |
| Total | 5,054 | 5,734 |
| Accumulated impairment | 93,100 | 93,100 |
| Covenants not to compete | ||
| Intangible assets with definite lives, net | ||
| Cost | 1,157 | 1,157 |
| Accumulated Amortization | (1,148) | (1,123) |
| Total | $ 9 | $ 34 |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Future Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
| 2026 | $ 51,561 | |
| 2027 | 46,767 | |
| 2028 | 40,844 | |
| 2029 | 36,326 | |
| 2030 | 32,523 | |
| Thereafter | 262,471 | |
| Total | $ 470,492 | $ 496,258 |
Operating Leases - ROU Assets and Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Leases [Abstract] | ||
| Operating lease ROU assets | $ 66,128 | $ 69,074 |
| Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities | 18,282 | 18,294 |
| Operating lease liabilities, non-current | $ 81,482 | $ 94,386 |
Operating Leases - Total Net Lease Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Leases [Abstract] | |||
| Operating lease cost | $ 14,613 | $ 14,575 | $ 18,620 |
| Variable lease cost | 833 | 1,096 | 1,326 |
| Short-term lease cost | 455 | 1,059 | 744 |
| Sublease income | (560) | (847) | (770) |
| Total net lease cost | $ 15,341 | $ 15,883 | $ 19,920 |
Operating Leases - Other Supplemental Information for Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Leases [Abstract] | |||
| Weighted-average remaining contractual lease term (years) | 7 years | 7 years | 8 years |
| Weighted-average discount rate | 6.16% | 6.05% | 5.95% |
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | |||
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ 22,209 | $ 25,852 | $ 26,919 |
| Operating lease liabilities arising from obtaining ROU assets | $ 1,646 | $ 2,199 | $ 2,686 |
Operating Leases - Reconciliation of Undiscounted Cash Flows to Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Leases [Abstract] | ||
| 2026 | $ 23,137 | |
| 2027 | 18,743 | |
| 2028 | 15,235 | |
| 2029 | 14,625 | |
| 2030 | 14,513 | |
| Thereafter | 36,052 | |
| Total future undiscounted minimum lease payments | 122,305 | |
| Less: Imputed interest | 22,541 | |
| Present value of minimum lease payments | 99,764 | |
| Less: Current portion | 18,282 | $ 18,294 |
| Noncurrent portion | $ 81,482 | $ 94,386 |
Income Taxes - Provision for Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Current provision | |||
| US – Federal | $ 5,497 | $ 2,152 | $ 2,857 |
| International | 50,300 | 49,357 | 48,694 |
| State and local | 1,981 | (337) | 1,797 |
| Total current provision | 57,778 | 51,172 | 53,348 |
| Deferred provision (benefit) | |||
| US – Federal | 3,394 | (25,026) | (24,368) |
| International | 1,696 | (4,772) | (8,705) |
| State and local | (4,151) | (8,102) | (4,408) |
| Total deferred provision (benefit) | 939 | (37,900) | (37,481) |
| Total provision | $ 58,717 | $ 13,272 | $ 15,867 |
Income Taxes - International And United States Pretax Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| International | $ 189,781 | $ 109,616 | $ 204,055 |
| United States | (46,903) | (296,663) | (170,955) |
| Income (loss) before taxes | $ 142,878 | $ (187,047) | $ 33,100 |
Income Taxes - Effective Income Tax Rate As a Percentage of Pretax Income Differed From the Us Federal Statutory Rate (Details) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent [Abstract] | |||
| US federal statutory rate | 21.00% | 21.00% | 21.00% |
| Impact of foreign operations | 8.80% | (11.70%) | (10.50%) |
| Change in valuation allowance | 14.40% | (14.00%) | (7.40%) |
| State income taxes, net of US federal tax benefit | (1.50%) | 4.60% | (7.20%) |
| Tax credits and related net benefits | (2.70%) | 1.80% | (12.10%) |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0.00% | (10.90%) | 66.70% |
| Return to provision | (1.90%) | 6.10% | (13.70%) |
| Other | 3.00% | (4.00%) | 11.10% |
| Effective income tax rate | 41.10% | (7.10%) | 47.90% |
Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Significant Change in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible [Line Items] | |||
| Unrecognized tax benefits | $ 9,797 | $ 9,151 | $ 9,421 |
| Unrecognized tax benefits, income tax penalties and interest accrued | 400 | 200 | |
| Unrecognized tax benefits, interest and penalties | 800 | 600 | |
| Unrecognized tax benefits, interest on income taxes expense | 200 | 200 | |
| Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate | 9,200 | ||
| Valuation allowance | 77,309 | 53,498 | |
| Increase to valuation allowance | 26,000 | 23,800 | |
| Capitalized Software | |||
| Significant Change in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible [Line Items] | |||
| Valuation allowance | $ 30,200 | ||
| State and Local Jurisdiction | |||
| Significant Change in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible [Line Items] | |||
| Operating loss carryforwards | 126,000 | ||
| Apportioned state net operating loss carryforwards, tax effected value | $ 7,100 | ||
| State and Local Jurisdiction | Minimum | |||
| Significant Change in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible [Line Items] | |||
| Net operating loss carryforwards, expiration period | 1 year | ||
| Foreign Tax Authority | |||
| Significant Change in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible [Line Items] | |||
| Operating loss carryforwards | $ 100 | ||
| Estimated taxes upon repatriation | 2,200 | ||
| Domestic Tax Jurisdiction | |||
| Significant Change in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible [Line Items] | |||
| Operating loss carryforwards | 2,400 | ||
| Apportioned state net operating loss carryforwards, tax effected value | $ 500 | ||
Income Taxes - Reconciliation of The Unrecognized Tax Benefits Included Within The Other Long-term Liabilities on The Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|
| Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward] | ||
| Balance, beginning of period | $ 9,151 | $ 9,421 |
| Additions for current year tax positions | 1,423 | 1,607 |
| Reductions for prior year tax positions | (337) | (181) |
| Payments and settlements | 0 | (849) |
| Reductions for lapse of statute of limitations | (440) | (847) |
| Balance, end of period | $ 9,797 | $ 9,151 |
Income Taxes - Significant Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Abstract] | ||
| Net operating losses | $ 11,360 | $ 22,587 |
| Reserve for sales returns and doubtful accounts | 2,095 | 2,363 |
| Accrued employee compensation | 24,967 | 27,293 |
| Foreign and federal credits | 28,835 | 33,742 |
| Other accrued expenses | 1,009 | 3,822 |
| Retirement and post-employment benefits | 8,282 | 10,203 |
| Operating lease liabilities | 18,308 | 23,095 |
| Interest expense disallowance | 14,919 | 10,676 |
| Impairment | 9,543 | 0 |
| Other | 415 | 0 |
| Total gross deferred tax assets | 119,733 | 133,781 |
| Less valuation allowance | (77,309) | (53,498) |
| Total deferred tax assets | 42,424 | 80,283 |
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | (861) | (5,352) |
| Unremitted foreign earnings | (2,220) | (3,115) |
| Intangible and fixed assets | (130,077) | (155,862) |
| Right-of-use assets | (10,848) | (12,685) |
| Total deferred tax liabilities | (144,006) | (177,014) |
| Net deferred tax liabilities | (101,582) | (96,731) |
| Reported As | ||
| Deferred tax assets excluding held-for-sale | 3,563 | 3,147 |
| Deferred tax assets held-for-sale | 0 | 6,176 |
| Deferred tax liabilities excluding held-for-sale | (105,145) | (97,186) |
| Deferred tax liabilities held-for-sale | 0 | (8,868) |
| Net deferred tax liabilities | (101,582) | (96,731) |
| Other non-current assets | ||
| Reported As | ||
| Deferred tax assets | 3,563 | 9,323 |
| Other noncurrent liabilities | ||
| Reported As | ||
| Deferred tax liabilities | $ (105,145) | $ (106,054) |
Debt and Available Credit Facilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Components of Total Debt Outstanding [Abstract] | ||
| Short-term portion of long-term debt | $ 10,000 | $ 7,500 |
| Total long-term debt, less current portion | 789,435 | 767,096 |
| Total debt | 799,435 | 774,596 |
| Unamortized debt issuance costs | 400 | 600 |
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | ||
| Components of Total Debt Outstanding [Abstract] | ||
| Total long-term debt, less current portion | 614,854 | 582,678 |
| Term Loan A Facility | Amended and Restated RCA | ||
| Components of Total Debt Outstanding [Abstract] | ||
| Total long-term debt, less current portion | $ 174,581 | $ 184,418 |
Debt and Available Credit Facilities - Debt Outstanding and therefore Excludes Unamortized Issuance Costs (Details) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025
USD ($)
|
|---|---|
| Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |
| 2026 | $ 10,000 |
| 2027 | 12,500 |
| 2028 | 777,354 |
| Total | $ 799,854 |
Debt and Available Credit Facilities - Amended and Restated CA (Details) - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Nov. 30, 2022 |
Jan. 31, 2023 |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Letters of credit outstanding amount | $ 400,000 | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Term of credit facility | 5 years | |||
| Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity | $ 1,115,000,000 | |||
| Write off of deferred debt issuance cost | $ (200,000) | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Optional credit limit increase available on request | 500,000,000 | |||
| Value of minimum increments | $ 50,000,000 | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America | Base Rate | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Margin rate over reference rate used in determining base rate | 0.50% | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America | Daily Secured Overnight Financing Rate SOFR | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Margin rate over reference rate used in determining base rate | 1.00% | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | Minimum | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Debt instrument, basis spread on variable rate | 0.10% | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | Minimum | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Line of credit facility, Commitment fee percentage | 0.15% | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | Minimum | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America | SOFR SONIA And EURIBOR Based Rates | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Applicable margin | 0.98% | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | Minimum | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America | Base Rate | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Applicable margin | 0.00% | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | Maximum | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Debt instrument, basis spread on variable rate | 0.25% | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | Maximum | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Line of credit facility, Commitment fee percentage | 0.25% | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | Maximum | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America | SOFR SONIA And EURIBOR Based Rates | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Applicable margin | 1.50% | |||
| Term loan A - Amended and Restated CA | Amended and Restated RCA | Maximum | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America | Federal Funds Effective Rate | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Applicable margin | 0.50% | |||
| Term Loan A Facility | Amended and Restated RCA | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Term of credit facility | 5 years | |||
| Debt instrument, face amount | $ 200,000,000 | |||
| Revolving Credit Facility Through May 2024 | Amended and Restated RCA | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Term of credit facility | 18 months | |||
| Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity | $ 185,000,000 | |||
| Line of Credit | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity | $ 1,300,600,000 | |||
| Line of credit facility, remaining borrowing capacity | $ 500,700,000 | |||
| Average interest rates on total debt outstanding | 6.10% | 5.52% | ||
| Debt, weighted average interest rate | 5.57% | 6.07% | ||
| Line of Credit | Other Credit Facilities | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity | $ 1,000,000.0 | |||
| Outstanding borrowings under revolving credit facilities | $ 0 | $ 0 | ||
| Revolving Credit Facility Through November 2027 | Amended and Restated RCA | ||||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | ||||
| Term of credit facility | 5 years | |||
Debt and Available Credit Facilities - Interest Expense in Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Amended and Restated RCA | |||
| Line of Credit Facility [Line Items] | |||
| Amortization expense | $ 1,145 | $ 1,246 | $ 1,129 |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Derivative [Line Items] | ||
| Long-term debt | $ 799,435 | $ 774,596 |
| Unamortized debt issuance costs | 400 | 600 |
| Long-term debt, variable interest, amount | 799,800 | |
| Interest Rate Swap | ||
| Derivative [Line Items] | ||
| Derivative, notional amount | 500,000 | $ 500,000 |
| Unrecognized loss to be reclassified into net income in the next twelve months | $ (400) |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Statement of Financial Position (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
| Current asset portion | $ 197 | $ 154 |
| Non-current asset portion | 0 | 9,686 |
| Current liability portion | (118) | 0 |
| Non-current liability portion | (3,438) | 0 |
| Total cash flow hedges | $ (3,358) | |
| Total cash flow hedges | $ 9,840 |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Statements of Other Comprehensive Loss Income (Details) - Interest Rate Swap - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Derivative [Line Items] | |||
| Amount of pretax (losses) gains recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) | $ (8,186) | $ 15,164 | $ 6,036 |
| Interest Expense | |||
| Derivative [Line Items] | |||
| Amount of pretax gains reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss into Interest expense | $ 4,755 | $ 12,420 | $ 5,039 |
Retirement Plans - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
| Cost due to settlement and curtailment | $ (0.2) | ||
| Defined Benefit Plan Net Periodic Benefit Cost Credit Settlement And Curtailment Gain Loss Statement Of Income Or Comprehensive Income Extensible List Not Disclosed Flag | Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) | ||
| Acceptable ranges within which asset allocations will fluctuate | 5.00% | ||
| Notice period for redemption request | 7 days | ||
| Expected future employer contributions, next fiscal year | $ 4.8 | ||
| Defined contribution plan, cost | $ 22.8 | $ 27.0 | $ 30.7 |
| Equity securities: | |||
| Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
| Target allocation percentage | 19.00% | ||
| Fixed Income Securities and Cash | |||
| Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
| Target allocation percentage | 81.00% | ||
| Retirement Indemnity Plan for the Employees of Cross Knowledge | |||
| Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
| Curtailment credit | (0.3) | ||
| Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan | |||
| Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
| Term of supplemental retirement benefits | 10 years | ||
| Postretirement Life Insurance and Health Care Benefits | |||
| Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
| Accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation | $ 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Pension expense | $ (0.1) | $ (0.1) | (0.1) |
| Minimum | |||
| Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
| Employee retirement age limit under retirement plans | 60 years | ||
| Minimum | Foreign Plan | |||
| Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
| Expected future employer contributions, next fiscal year | $ 1.8 | ||
| Maximum | |||
| Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
| Employee retirement age limit under retirement plans | 65 years | ||
| Maximum | Russia Pension Plan | Russia | |||
| Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
| Cost due to settlement and curtailment | $ (1.5) | ||
Retirement Plans - Components of Net Pension Expense (Income) and Weighted-Average Assumptions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) [Abstract] | |||
| Curtailment/settlement (credit) | $ 200 | ||
| US | |||
| Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) [Abstract] | |||
| Service cost | 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
| Interest cost | 12,133 | 11,654 | 11,242 |
| Expected return on plan assets | (9,610) | (10,372) | (9,924) |
| Amortization of prior service cost | (154) | (154) | (154) |
| Amortization of net actuarial loss | 2,314 | 2,446 | 2,295 |
| Curtailment/settlement (credit) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Net pension expense (income) | $ 4,683 | $ 3,574 | $ 3,459 |
| Defined Benefit Plan, Weighted Average Assumptions Used in Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost [Abstract] | |||
| Discount rate | 5.80% | 5.10% | 4.60% |
| Expected return on plan assets | 5.80% | 5.80% | 5.00% |
| Non-US | |||
| Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) [Abstract] | |||
| Service cost | $ 560 | $ 532 | $ 796 |
| Interest cost | 16,603 | 16,069 | 13,389 |
| Expected return on plan assets | (18,449) | (19,443) | (23,134) |
| Amortization of prior service cost | 66 | 60 | 60 |
| Amortization of net actuarial loss | 6,058 | 5,656 | 3,851 |
| Curtailment/settlement (credit) | (181) | 0 | (1,828) |
| Net pension expense (income) | $ 4,657 | $ 2,874 | $ (6,866) |
| Defined Benefit Plan, Weighted Average Assumptions Used in Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost [Abstract] | |||
| Discount rate | 5.10% | 4.80% | 3.00% |
| Rate of compensation increase | 3.00% | 3.00% | 3.10% |
| Expected return on plan assets | 6.20% | 6.40% | 5.50% |
Retirement Plans - Changes in and Status of Defined Benefit Plans' Assets and Benefit Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS | |||
| Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year | $ 466,737 | ||
| Fair value, end of year | 476,702 | $ 466,737 | |
| US | |||
| CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS | |||
| Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year | 173,569 | 186,607 | |
| Actual return on plan assets | 13,312 | (707) | |
| Employer contributions | 3,198 | 3,672 | |
| Employee contributions | 0 | 0 | |
| Settlements | 0 | 0 | |
| Benefits paid | (15,909) | (16,003) | |
| Foreign currency rate changes | 0 | 0 | |
| Fair value, end of year | 174,170 | 173,569 | $ 186,607 |
| CHANGE IN PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION | |||
| Benefit obligation, beginning of year | (215,563) | (235,888) | |
| Service cost | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Interest cost | (12,133) | (11,654) | (11,242) |
| Actuarial (losses) gains | (4,760) | 15,976 | |
| Benefits paid | 15,909 | 16,003 | |
| Foreign currency rate changes | 0 | 0 | |
| Settlements and other | 0 | 0 | |
| Benefit obligation, end of year | (216,547) | (215,563) | (235,888) |
| Underfunded status, end of year | (42,377) | (41,994) | |
| AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED ON THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION | |||
| Noncurrent assets | 0 | 0 | |
| Current pension liability | (2,881) | (3,093) | |
| Noncurrent pension liability excluding held-for-sale | (39,496) | (38,901) | |
| Noncurrent pension liability held-for-sale | 0 | 0 | |
| Noncurrent pension liability | (39,496) | (38,901) | |
| Net amount recognized in statement of financial position | (42,377) | (41,994) | |
| AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (BEFORE TAX) CONSIST OF | |||
| Net actuarial losses | (75,768) | (77,025) | |
| Prior service cost gains (losses) | 1,484 | 1,638 | |
| Total accumulated other comprehensive loss | (74,284) | (75,387) | |
| Change in accumulated other comprehensive loss | 1,103 | 7,188 | |
| INFORMATION FOR PENSION PLANS WITH AN ACCUMULATED BENEFIT OBLIGATION IN EXCESS OF PLAN ASSETS | |||
| Accumulated benefit obligation | 216,547 | 215,563 | |
| Fair value of plan assets | 174,170 | 173,569 | |
| INFORMATION FOR PENSION PLANS WITH A PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION IN EXCESS OF PLAN ASSETS | |||
| Projected benefit obligation | 216,547 | 215,563 | |
| Fair value of plan assets | $ 174,170 | $ 173,569 | |
| WEIGHTED AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS USED IN DETERMINING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES | |||
| Discount rate | 5.70% | 5.10% | |
| Accumulated benefit obligations | $ (216,547) | $ (215,563) | |
| Non-US | |||
| CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS | |||
| Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year | 293,168 | 302,055 | |
| Actual return on plan assets | (7,426) | (7,276) | |
| Employer contributions | 13,526 | 11,708 | |
| Employee contributions | 0 | 0 | |
| Settlements | (729) | 0 | |
| Benefits paid | (14,560) | (12,215) | |
| Foreign currency rate changes | 18,553 | (1,104) | |
| Fair value, end of year | 302,532 | 293,168 | 302,055 |
| CHANGE IN PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION | |||
| Benefit obligation, beginning of year | (324,362) | (343,008) | |
| Service cost | (560) | (532) | (796) |
| Interest cost | (16,603) | (16,069) | (13,389) |
| Actuarial (losses) gains | 22,520 | 21,258 | |
| Benefits paid | 14,560 | 12,215 | |
| Foreign currency rate changes | (19,984) | 2,009 | |
| Settlements and other | 1,097 | (235) | |
| Benefit obligation, end of year | (323,332) | (324,362) | $ (343,008) |
| Underfunded status, end of year | (20,800) | (31,194) | |
| AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED ON THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION | |||
| Noncurrent assets | 12,885 | 2,967 | |
| Current pension liability | (1,282) | (1,193) | |
| Noncurrent pension liability excluding held-for-sale | (32,403) | (31,931) | |
| Noncurrent pension liability held-for-sale | 0 | (1,037) | |
| Noncurrent pension liability | (32,403) | (32,968) | |
| Net amount recognized in statement of financial position | (20,800) | (31,194) | |
| AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (BEFORE TAX) CONSIST OF | |||
| Net actuarial losses | (206,945) | (196,705) | |
| Prior service cost gains (losses) | (992) | (1,224) | |
| Total accumulated other comprehensive loss | (207,937) | (197,929) | |
| Change in accumulated other comprehensive loss | (10,008) | 830 | |
| INFORMATION FOR PENSION PLANS WITH AN ACCUMULATED BENEFIT OBLIGATION IN EXCESS OF PLAN ASSETS | |||
| Accumulated benefit obligation | 34,189 | 34,274 | |
| Fair value of plan assets | 511 | 481 | |
| INFORMATION FOR PENSION PLANS WITH A PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION IN EXCESS OF PLAN ASSETS | |||
| Projected benefit obligation | 34,198 | 34,643 | |
| Fair value of plan assets | $ 511 | $ 481 | |
| WEIGHTED AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS USED IN DETERMINING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES | |||
| Discount rate | 5.50% | 4.80% | |
| Rate of compensation increase | 3.00% | 3.00% | |
| Accumulated benefit obligations | $ (315,748) | $ (316,107) | |
Retirement Plans - Pension Plan Assets/Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | $ 476,702 | $ 466,737 | |
| Level 1 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 12,503 | 1,328 | |
| Level 2 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 294,933 | 297,438 | |
| NAV | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 169,266 | 167,971 | |
| US | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 174,170 | 173,569 | $ 186,607 |
| US | Level 1 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | |||
| US | Level 2 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 4,904 | 5,598 | |
| US | NAV | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 169,266 | 167,971 | |
| US | Global Equity Securities: Limited Partnership | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 56,631 | 63,836 | |
| US | Global Equity Securities: Limited Partnership | Level 1 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | |||
| US | Global Equity Securities: Limited Partnership | Level 2 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 4,904 | 5,598 | |
| US | Global Equity Securities: Limited Partnership | NAV | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 51,727 | 58,238 | |
| US | Fixed income securities: Commingled funds | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 117,539 | 109,733 | |
| US | Fixed income securities: Commingled funds | NAV | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 117,539 | 109,733 | |
| Non-US | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 302,532 | 293,168 | $ 302,055 |
| Non-US | Level 1 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 12,503 | 1,328 | |
| Non-US | Level 2 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 290,029 | 291,840 | |
| Non-US | NAV | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 0 | 0 | |
| Non-US | US equities | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 25,110 | 22,496 | |
| Non-US | US equities | Level 1 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 0 | 0 | |
| Non-US | US equities | Level 2 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 25,110 | 22,496 | |
| Non-US | Non-US equities | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 9,530 | 9,637 | |
| Non-US | Non-US equities | Level 1 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 0 | 0 | |
| Non-US | Non-US equities | Level 2 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 9,530 | 9,637 | |
| Non-US | Balanced managed funds | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 71,629 | 60,959 | |
| Non-US | Balanced managed funds | Level 1 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 0 | 0 | |
| Non-US | Balanced managed funds | Level 2 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 71,629 | 60,959 | |
| Non-US | Fixed income securities: Commingled funds | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 100,740 | 125,223 | |
| Non-US | Fixed income securities: Commingled funds | Level 1 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 0 | 0 | |
| Non-US | Fixed income securities: Commingled funds | Level 2 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 100,740 | 125,223 | |
| Non-US | Real estate/other | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 511 | 480 | |
| Non-US | Real estate/other | Level 1 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 0 | 0 | |
| Non-US | Real estate/other | Level 2 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 511 | 480 | |
| Non-US | Cash and cash equivalents | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 95,012 | 74,373 | |
| Non-US | Cash and cash equivalents | Level 1 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | 12,503 | 1,328 | |
| Non-US | Cash and cash equivalents | Level 2 | |||
| Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
| Defined benefit plan, plan assets, amount | $ 82,509 | $ 73,045 |
Retirement Plans - Expected Employer Contributions and Benefit Payments and Other Retirement Plans (Details) $ in Thousands |
Apr. 30, 2025
USD ($)
|
|---|---|
| Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment [Abstract] | |
| 2026 | $ 29,716 |
| 2027 | 30,377 |
| 2028 | 30,606 |
| 2029 | 31,765 |
| 2030 | 32,441 |
| 2031–2035 | 174,639 |
| Total | 329,544 |
| US | |
| Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment [Abstract] | |
| 2026 | 15,943 |
| 2027 | 15,880 |
| 2028 | 15,865 |
| 2029 | 15,886 |
| 2030 | 15,624 |
| 2031–2035 | 77,327 |
| Total | 156,525 |
| Non-US | |
| Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment [Abstract] | |
| 2026 | 13,773 |
| 2027 | 14,497 |
| 2028 | 14,741 |
| 2029 | 15,879 |
| 2030 | 16,817 |
| 2031–2035 | 97,312 |
| Total | $ 173,019 |
Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Jul. 08, 2024
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
|
Apr. 30, 2025
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
|
Apr. 30, 2024
USD ($)
shares
|
Apr. 30, 2023
USD ($)
shares
|
|
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Exercised (in shares) | 7,000 | 0 | ||
| Target long-term incentive | $ | $ 3.0 | |||
| Options | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting amount | $ | $ 0.5 | |||
| Award vesting period | 3 years | |||
| Share-based payment arrangement, nonvested award, cost not yet recognized, period for recognition | 2 years | |||
| Options, exercises in period, intrinsic value | $ | $ 0.1 | $ 0.1 | ||
| Total grant date fair value of stock options vested | $ | $ 0.6 | $ 0.9 | $ 0.5 | |
| Options | Share-based Payment Arrangement, Tranche One | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting percentage | 10.00% | |||
| Options | Share-based Payment Arrangement, Tranche Two | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting percentage | 20.00% | |||
| Options | Share-based Payment Arrangement, Tranche Three | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting percentage | 30.00% | |||
| Options | Share-based Compensation Award, Tranche Four | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting percentage | 40.00% | |||
| Performance-based Restricted Stock Awards | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting percentage | 100.00% | |||
| Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, period for achievement of performance-based targets | 3 years | |||
| Percentage of equity award value under share award plan | 0.60 | |||
| Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 46.65 | |||
| Granted (in shares) | 40,789 | |||
| Performance-based Restricted Stock Awards | Vesting on June 30 Following End of Performance Cycle | Key Employees | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting percentage | 100.00% | |||
| Restricted Stock Awards | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting period | 4 years | |||
| Share-based payment arrangement, nonvested award, cost not yet recognized, period for recognition | 2 years 3 months 18 days | |||
| Unrecognized share-based compensation expense | $ | $ 27.2 | |||
| Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 43.06 | |||
| Granted (in shares) | 735,000 | 1,089,000 | 540,000 | |
| Restricted Stock Awards | Annual Vesting on Anniversary of Grant | Key Employees | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting percentage | 25.00% | |||
| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Percentage of equity award value under share award plan | 0.40 | |||
| Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares | $ 46.65 | |||
| Granted (in shares) | 27,192 | |||
| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | Share-based Payment Arrangement, Tranche One | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting percentage | 25.00% | |||
| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | Share-based Payment Arrangement, Tranche Two | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting percentage | 25.00% | |||
| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | Share-based Payment Arrangement, Tranche Three | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting percentage | 25.00% | |||
| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | Share-based Compensation Award, Tranche Four | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Award vesting percentage | 25.00% | |||
| Minimum | Options | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Exercise price of stock options granted as percentage of fair market value of stock at date of grant as required by the plan | 100.00% | |||
| Maximum | Options | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, expiration period | 10 years | |||
| 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan | Class A | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Number of shares authorized (in shares) | 6,200,000 | |||
| Number of shares available for grant (in shares) | 5,300,000 | |||
| Director Stock Plan | Class A | Non-Employee Directors | ||||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||
| Value of annual award as percentage of annual director retainer fee based on stock price on date of grant | 100.00% | |||
| Deferred compensation arrangement with individual, shares issued | 23,940 | 25,744 | 30,706 | |
Stock-Based Compensation - Stock Option Activity (Details) - Options - $ / shares |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Estimated weighted average fair value for options granted and significant weighted average assumptions used [Abstract] | ||
| Weighted average fair value of options on grant date (in dollars per share) | $ 6.47 | $ 9.24 |
| Weighted Average Assumptions [Abstract] | ||
| Expected life of options (years) | 6 years 3 months 18 days | 5 years 10 months 24 days |
| Risk-free interest rate | 4.60% | 2.00% |
| Expected volatility | 34.00% | 32.40% |
| Expected dividend yield | 4.60% | 3.40% |
| Fair value of common stock on grant date (in dollars per share) | $ 30.37 | $ 41.30 |
| Exercise price of stock option grant (in dollars per share) | $ 34.86 | $ 41.30 |
Stock-Based Compensation - Activity and Status of Our Stock Option Plans (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
|
| Number of Options (in 000’s) | ||
| Outstanding at beginning of year (in shares) | 375,000 | |
| Granted (in shares) | 0 | |
| Exercised (in shares) | (7,000) | 0 |
| Expired or forfeited (in shares) | (118,000) | |
| Outstanding at end of year (in shares) | 250,000 | 375,000 |
| Exercisable (in shares) | 143,000 | |
| Vested and expected to vest in the future (in shares) | 247,000 | |
| Weighted Average Exercise Price | ||
| Outstanding at beginning of year (in dollars per share) | $ 48.74 | |
| Granted (in shares) | 0 | |
| Exercised (in dollars per share) | 35.69 | |
| Expired or forfeited (in dollars per share) | 53.50 | |
| Outstanding at end of year (in dollars per share) | 46.87 | $ 48.74 |
| Exercisable at end of year (in dollars per share) | 55.28 | |
| Vested and expected to vest in the future (in dollars per share) | $ 46.98 | |
| Weighted Average Remaining Term (in years) | ||
| Outstanding at end of year | 7 years 4 months 24 days | |
| Exercisable at end of year | 6 years 8 months 12 days | |
| Vested and expected to vest in the future at end of year | 7 years 4 months 24 days | |
| Options outstanding, Aggregate intrinsic value (in USD) | $ 1.2 | |
| Options exercisable, Aggregate intrinsic value (in USD) | 0.3 | |
| Vested and expected to vest in the future | $ 1.2 | |
Stock-Based Compensation - Stock Options Outstanding and Exercisable (Details) shares in Thousands |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Apr. 30, 2025
$ / shares
shares
| |
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
| Options Outstanding, Number of Options (in shares) | shares | 250 |
| Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Term (in years) | 7 years 4 months 24 days |
| Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share) | $ 46.87 |
| Options Exercisable, Number of Options (in shares) | shares | 143 |
| Options Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share) | $ 55.28 |
| $32.68 to $36.60 | |
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
| Exercise price range, upper range limit (in dollars per share) | 36.60 |
| Weighted average grant date, fair value (in dollars per share) | $ 32.68 |
| Options Outstanding, Number of Options (in shares) | shares | 137 |
| Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Term (in years) | 8 years 6 months |
| Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share) | $ 34.91 |
| Options Exercisable, Number of Options (in shares) | shares | 37 |
| Options Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share) | $ 34.94 |
| $45.99 to $63.07 | |
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
| Exercise price range, upper range limit (in dollars per share) | 63.07 |
| Weighted average grant date, fair value (in dollars per share) | $ 45.99 |
| Options Outstanding, Number of Options (in shares) | shares | 113 |
| Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Term (in years) | 6 years 1 month 6 days |
| Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share) | $ 61.37 |
| Options Exercisable, Number of Options (in shares) | shares | 106 |
| Options Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share) | $ 62.39 |
Stock-Based Compensation - Performance-Based and Other Restricted Stock Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock Awards - $ / shares shares in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Restricted Shares | |||
| Nonvested shares at beginning of year (in shares) | 1,203 | 1,073 | 1,274 |
| Granted (in shares) | 735 | 1,089 | 540 |
| Change in shares due to performance (in shares) | 71 | 54 | (44) |
| Vested and issued (in shares) | (448) | (660) | (544) |
| Forfeited (in shares) | (345) | (353) | (153) |
| Nonvested shares at end of year (in shares) | 1,216 | 1,203 | 1,073 |
| Weighted Average Grant Date Value | |||
| Nonvested shares at beginning of year (in dollars per share) | $ 37.07 | ||
| Granted (in dollars per share) | 43.06 | ||
| Change in shares due to performance (in dollars per share) | 39.83 | ||
| Vested and issued (in dollars per share) | 41.28 | ||
| Forfeited (in dollars per share) | 39.84 | ||
| Nonvested shares at end of year (in dollars per share) | $ 38.51 | $ 37.07 | |
Stock-Based Compensation - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (including Stock Options), on a Pretax Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] | |||
| Stock-based compensation expense | $ 22,222 | $ 24,982 | $ 26,504 |
Stock-Based Compensation - Total Grant Date Value of Shares Vested (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Restricted Stock Awards | |||
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] | |||
| Grant date value of shares vested | $ 18,504 | $ 29,874 | $ 25,705 |
Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts (Details) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Apr. 30, 2025
USD ($)
vote
shares
|
Apr. 30, 2024
USD ($)
|
Apr. 30, 2023
USD ($)
|
Apr. 30, 2020
USD ($)
|
|
| Class of Stock [Line Items] | ||||
| Total dividends paid | $ (76,101) | $ (76,964) | $ (77,298) | |
| 2020 Share Repurchase Program | ||||
| Class of Stock [Line Items] | ||||
| Stock repurchase program, authorized amount | $ 200,000 | |||
| Remaining amount authorized to be repurchased under the share repurchase program | $ 57,400 | |||
| Class A | ||||
| Class of Stock [Line Items] | ||||
| Class A common shares into which each share of class B common stock is convertible (in shares) | shares | 1 | |||
| Percentage of the board of directors elected by class A common stockholders | 30.00% | |||
| Number of votes to which each share of common stock is entitled | vote | 0.1 | |||
| Class B | ||||
| Class of Stock [Line Items] | ||||
| Number of votes to which each share of common stock is entitled | vote | 1 | |||
Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts - Share Repurchases (Details) - $ / shares shares in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Class A | |||
| Share Repurchases [Abstract] | |||
| Stock repurchased during period (in shares) | 1,186 | 1,294 | 831 |
| Treasury stock acquired, average cost per share (usd per share) | $ 44.16 | $ 34.71 | $ 42.07 |
| Class B | |||
| Share Repurchases [Abstract] | |||
| Stock repurchased during period (in shares) | 173 | 3 | 1 |
| Treasury stock acquired, average cost per share (usd per share) | $ 44.16 | $ 34.71 | $ 42.07 |
Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts - Changes in Common Stock (Details) - shares shares in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Class A | |||
| Changes in Common Stock [Abstract] | |||
| Number of shares, beginning of year (in shares) | 70,259 | 70,231 | 70,226 |
| Common stock class conversions (in shares) | 53 | 28 | 5 |
| Number of shares issued, end of year (in shares) | 70,312 | 70,259 | 70,231 |
| Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract] | |||
| Number of shares held, beginning of year (in shares) | 24,828 | 23,983 | 23,515 |
| Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans (in shares) | (448) | (662) | (544) |
| Impact of tax withholding on stock-based compensation and other (in shares) | 121 | 213 | 181 |
| Purchases of treasury shares (in shares) | 1,186 | 1,294 | 831 |
| Number of shares held, end of year (in shares) | 25,687 | 24,828 | 23,983 |
| Number of Common Stock outstanding, end of year (in shares) | 44,625 | 45,431 | 46,248 |
| Class B | |||
| Changes in Common Stock [Abstract] | |||
| Number of shares, beginning of year (in shares) | 12,923 | 12,951 | 12,956 |
| Common stock class conversions (in shares) | 53 | 28 | 5 |
| Number of shares issued, end of year (in shares) | 12,870 | 12,923 | 12,951 |
| Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract] | |||
| Number of shares held, beginning of year (in shares) | 3,928 | 3,925 | 3,924 |
| Purchases of treasury shares (in shares) | 173 | 3 | 1 |
| Number of shares held, end of year (in shares) | 4,101 | 3,928 | 3,925 |
| Number of Common Stock outstanding, end of year (in shares) | 8,769 | 8,995 | 9,026 |
Segment Information - Narrative (Details) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Apr. 30, 2025
segment
| |
| Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |
| Number of reportable segments | 3 |
| Number of Operating Segments | 3 |
Segment Information - Segment Reporting Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jan. 31, 2023 |
Jul. 31, 2022 |
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||||
| Revenue, net | $ 1,677,609 | $ 1,872,987 | $ 2,019,900 | ||
| Cost of sales | 431,380 | 579,722 | 692,541 | ||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 51,822 | 55,994 | 84,881 | ||
| Reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income by segment to Loss before taxes | |||||
| Corporate expenses | (179,882) | (185,456) | (171,926) | ||
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | (108,449) | (99,800) | ||
| Restructuring and related charges | (25,561) | (63,041) | (49,389) | ||
| Interest expense | (52,547) | (49,003) | (37,745) | ||
| Net foreign exchange transaction losses | (8,142) | (2,959) | 894 | ||
| Net loss on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale | (23,340) | (183,389) | 10,177 | ||
| Other income (expense), net | 5,498 | (3,957) | 3,884 | ||
| Legal settlement | $ (3,700) | (3,671) | |||
| Accelerated amortization of an intangible asset | (4,594) | ||||
| Income (loss) before taxes | 142,878 | (187,047) | 33,100 | ||
| Accelerated amortization of intangible assets | $ 4,600 | ||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 147,126 | 176,989 | 213,253 | ||
| Research | |||||
| Reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income by segment to Loss before taxes | |||||
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | ||||
| Learning | |||||
| Reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income by segment to Loss before taxes | |||||
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | ||||
| Held for Sale or Sold | |||||
| Reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income by segment to Loss before taxes | |||||
| Impairment of goodwill | (108,449) | ||||
| Operating Segments | |||||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||||
| Revenue, net | 1,677,609 | 1,872,987 | 2,019,900 | ||
| Cost of sales | 431,380 | 579,722 | 692,541 | ||
| Direct expenses | 489,053 | 517,033 | 541,387 | ||
| Allocated Corporate expenses | 278,502 | 311,031 | 320,536 | ||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 51,822 | 55,994 | 80,166 | ||
| Adjusted Operating Income by segment | 426,852 | 409,207 | 385,270 | ||
| Reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income by segment to Loss before taxes | |||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 133,202 | 154,555 | 196,791 | ||
| Operating Segments | Research | |||||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||||
| Revenue, net | 1,075,459 | 1,042,705 | 1,080,311 | ||
| Cost of sales | 278,867 | 281,109 | 286,361 | ||
| Direct expenses | 336,484 | 323,392 | 312,383 | ||
| Allocated Corporate expenses | 160,959 | 155,495 | 151,348 | ||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 43,569 | 44,946 | 46,235 | ||
| Adjusted Operating Income by segment | 255,580 | 237,763 | 283,984 | ||
| Reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income by segment to Loss before taxes | |||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 89,302 | 93,422 | 93,008 | ||
| Operating Segments | Learning | |||||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||||
| Revenue, net | 584,768 | 574,739 | 546,395 | ||
| Cost of sales | 144,758 | 145,054 | 148,925 | ||
| Direct expenses | 142,204 | 145,514 | 157,694 | ||
| Allocated Corporate expenses | 114,703 | 132,394 | 130,654 | ||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 8,253 | 9,044 | 9,022 | ||
| Adjusted Operating Income by segment | 174,850 | 142,733 | 100,100 | ||
| Reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income by segment to Loss before taxes | |||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 43,900 | 57,696 | 57,698 | ||
| Operating Segments | Held for Sale or Sold | |||||
| Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |||||
| Revenue, net | 17,382 | 255,543 | 393,194 | ||
| Cost of sales | 7,755 | 153,559 | 257,255 | ||
| Direct expenses | 10,365 | 48,127 | 71,310 | ||
| Allocated Corporate expenses | 2,840 | 23,142 | 38,534 | ||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 0 | 2,004 | 24,909 | ||
| Adjusted Operating Income by segment | (3,578) | 28,711 | 1,186 | ||
| Reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income by segment to Loss before taxes | |||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 0 | 3,437 | 46,085 | ||
| Corporate expenses | |||||
| Reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income by segment to Loss before taxes | |||||
| Depreciation and amortization | $ 13,924 | $ 22,434 | $ 16,462 | ||
Segment Information - Revenues from External Customers and Technology, Property and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | $ 1,677,609 | $ 1,872,987 | $ 2,019,900 |
| Long lived assets | 228,253 | 261,512 | 338,346 |
| United States | |||
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | 729,833 | 881,795 | 995,918 |
| Long lived assets | 185,610 | 213,192 | 275,229 |
| China | |||
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | 141,239 | 120,213 | 150,939 |
| United Kingdom | |||
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | 118,328 | 165,457 | 150,601 |
| Long lived assets | 25,315 | 27,584 | 34,748 |
| Japan | |||
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | 83,152 | 84,846 | 89,084 |
| Australia | |||
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | 75,102 | 74,986 | 79,802 |
| Other countries | |||
| Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||
| Revenue, net | 529,955 | 545,690 | 553,556 |
| Long lived assets | $ 17,328 | $ 20,736 | $ 28,369 |
Schedule II-VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Apr. 30, 2025 |
Apr. 30, 2024 |
Apr. 30, 2023 |
|
| SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward] | |||
| Valuation allowance | $ (26,000) | ||
| Allowance for sales returns | |||
| SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance at beginning of period | 14,448 | $ 14,419 | $ 19,422 |
| Charged to Expenses | 12,529 | 21,158 | 24,439 |
| Deductions From Reserves and Other | 17,993 | 21,129 | 29,442 |
| Balance at end of period | 8,984 | 14,448 | 14,419 |
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | |||
| SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance at beginning of period | 17,297 | 18,662 | 21,221 |
| Charged to Expenses | 839 | 3,844 | 347 |
| Deductions From Reserves and Other | 4,964 | 5,209 | 2,906 |
| Balance at end of period | 13,172 | 17,297 | 18,662 |
| Allowance for inventory obsolescence | |||
| SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance at beginning of period | 11,919 | 12,990 | 11,219 |
| Charged to Expenses | 4,705 | 5,906 | 7,222 |
| Deductions From Reserves and Other | 5,502 | 6,977 | 5,451 |
| Balance at end of period | 11,122 | 11,919 | 12,990 |
| Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets | |||
| SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward] | |||
| Balance at beginning of period | 53,498 | 27,448 | 30,000 |
| Charged to Expenses | 20,816 | 24,620 | (4,037) |
| Deductions From Reserves and Other | (2,995) | (1,430) | (1,485) |
| Balance at end of period | $ 77,309 | $ 53,498 | $ 27,448 |