RR DONNELLEY & SONS CO, 10-K filed on 2/22/2011
Annual Report
Document and Entity Information
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Feb. 17, 2011
Jun. 30, 2010
Document and Entity Information
 
 
 
Document Type
10-K 
 
 
Amendment Flag
FALSE 
 
 
Document Period End Date
2010-12-31 
 
 
Document Fiscal Period Focus
FY 
 
 
Document Fiscal Year Focus
2010 
 
 
Trading Symbol
rrd 
 
 
Entity Registrant Name
RR Donnelley & Sons Co 
 
 
Entity Central Index Key
0000029669 
 
 
Entity Current Reporting Status
Yes 
 
 
Entity Voluntary Filers
No 
 
 
Current Fiscal Year End Date
12/31 
 
 
Entity Filer Category
Large Accelerated Filer 
 
 
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer
Yes 
 
 
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding
 
206,529,392 
 
Entity Public Float
 
 
3,365,499,362 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (USD $)
In Millions, except Per Share data
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Net Sales
 
 
 
Products
$ 8,956 
$ 8,925 
$ 10,465 
Services
1,063 
932 
1,117 
Total net sales
10,019 
9,857 
11,582 
Products cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown below)
6,858 
6,790 
7,773 
Services cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown below)
785 
673 
803 
Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown below)
1,123 
1,089 
1,221 
Restructuring and impairment charges-net (Note 3)
158 
383 
1,185 
Depreciation and amortization
539 
579 
641 
Total operating expenses
9,463 
9,513 
11,622 
Income (loss) from continuing operations
556 
344 
(41)
Interest expense-net (Note 13)
223 
235 
226 
Investment and other expense-net
(10)
(17)
(2)
Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
323 
93 
(269)
Income tax expense (benefit) (Note 12)
106 
115 
(84)
Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations
217 
(21)
(185)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
 
Net earnings (loss)
217 
(21)
(184)
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(5)
Net earnings (loss) attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders
222 
(27)
(190)
Basic:
 
 
 
Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations
1.07 
(0.13)
(0.91)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
 
0.01 
Net earnings (loss) attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders
1.07 
(0.13)
(0.9)
Diluted:
 
 
 
Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations
1.06 
(0.13)
(0.91)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
 
0.01 
Net earnings (loss) attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders
1.06 
(0.13)
(0.9)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (Note 15):
 
 
 
Basic
206 
205 
210 
Diluted
210 
205 
210 
Amounts attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders:
 
 
 
Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations
222 
(27)
(192)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
 
Net earnings (loss) attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders
$ 222 
$ (27)
$ (190)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
ASSETS
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 519 
$ 499 
Receivables, less allowances for doubtful accounts of $71.0 in 2010 (2009-$70.3)(Note 5)
1,923 
1,676 
Income taxes receivable (Note 12)
49 
63 
Inventories (Note 6)
561 
562 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
115 
161 
Total current assets
3,167 
2,961 
Property, plant and equipment-net (Note 7)
2,139 
2,271 
Goodwill (Note 4)
2,527 
2,333 
Other intangible assets-net (Note 4)
775 
747 
Other noncurrent assets
475 
435 
Total assets
9,083 
8,748 
LIABILITIES
 
 
Accounts payable
940 
886 
Accrued liabilities (Note 9)
902 
813 
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt (Note 13)
131 
340 
Total current liabilities
1,973 
2,040 
Long-term debt (Note 13)
3,399 
2,983 
Pension liability (Note 11)
533 
510 
Postretirement benefits (Note 11)
287 
325 
Deferred income taxes (Note 12)
175 
206 
Other noncurrent liabilities
471 
525 
Total liabilities
6,838 
6,587 
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 10)
 
 
RR Donnelley shareholders' equity
 
 
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value Authorized: 2.0 shares; Issued: None
 
 
Common stock, $1.25 par value Authorized: 500.0 shares; Issued: 243.0 shares in 2010 and 2009
304 
304 
Additional paid-in-capital
2,907 
2,906 
Retained earnings
670 
663 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(490)
(545)
Treasury stock, at cost, 36.4 shares in 2010 (2009-37.3 shares)
(1,166)
(1,194)
Total RR Donnelley shareholders' equity
2,224 
2,134 
Noncontrolling interests
21 
27 
Total equity
2,245 
2,161 
Total liabilities and equity
$ 9,083 
$ 8,748 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) (USD $)
In Millions, except Per Share data
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
 
Receivables, allowance for doubtful accounts
$ 71 
$ 70 
Preferred stock, par value
Preferred stock, authorized
Preferred stock, issued
Common stock, par value
$ 1.25 
$ 1.25 
Common stock, authorized
500 
500 
Common stock, issued
243 
243 
Treasury stock, shares
36 
37 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Net earnings (loss)
$ 217 
$ (21)
$ (184)
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Income from discontinued operations
 
 
(2)
Impairment charges
93 
154 
1,130 
Depreciation and amortization
539 
579 
641 
Provision for doubtful accounts receivable
23 
20 
52 
Share-based compensation
29 
24 
22 
Deferred taxes
(35)
(54)
(104)
Reversal of tax reserves
(43)
(3)
(28)
(Gain) loss on sale of investments and other assets-net
(2)
(12)
Loss related to Venezuela currency devaluation
 
 
Loss on debt extinguishment
 
10 
 
Other
48 
42 
32 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities of continuing operations-net of acquisitions:
 
 
 
Accounts receivable-net
(152)
244 
165 
Inventories
31 
146 
(7)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
31 
(17)
Accounts payable
18 
95 
(168)
Income taxes payable and receivable
15 
115 
(214)
Accrued liabilities and other
(45)
42 
(288)
Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations
753 
1,426 
1,019 
Net cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations
 
 
(1)
Net cash provided by operating activities
753 
1,426 
1,018 
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
(229)
(195)
(323)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
(440)
(27)
(122)
Proceeds from return of capital and sale of investments and other assets
26 
53 
Purchases of investments
(32)
(4)
 
Transfers from/(to) restricted cash
(38)
41 
Net cash used in investing activities
(675)
(261)
(351)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
400 
750 
 
Net change in short-term debt
(4)
(306)
Payments of current maturities and long-term debt
(355)
(1,052)
(10)
Payments on credit facility borrowings
 
(845)
(1,475)
Proceeds from credit facility borrowings
120 
645 
1,275 
Proceeds from termination of cross-currency swaps
 
 
23 
Debt issuance costs
(12)
(6)
 
Issuance of common stock
Acquisition of common stock
 
 
(279)
Dividends paid
(214)
(214)
(219)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
(2)
(2)
(2)
Net cash used in financing activities
(58)
(1,028)
(679)
Effect of exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents
(0)
38 
(43)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
20 
175 
(55)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
499 
324 
379 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
519 
499 
324 
Supplemental non-cash disclosure:
 
 
 
Use of restricted cash to pay restructuring costs
38 
 
 
Use of restricted cash to fund obligations associated with deferred compensation plans
$ 1 
$ 1 
$ 25 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (USD $)
In Millions, except Share data
Common Stock [Member]
Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]
Treasury Stock [Member]
Retained Earnings [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
RR Donnelley Shareholders' Equity [Member]
Noncontrolling Interests [Member]
Total
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2007
243,000,000 
 
(27,100,000)
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at Dec. 31, 2007
$ 304 
$ 2,858 
$ (909)
$ 1,313 
$ 341 
$ 3,907 
$ 19 
$ 3,926 
Net earnings (loss)
 
 
 
(190)
 
(190)
(184)
Translation adjustments
 
 
 
 
(154)
(154)
(154)
Pension and other benefit liability adjustments
 
 
 
 
(772)
(772)
 
(772)
Changes in investment securities
 
 
 
 
(1)
(1)
 
(1)
Change in fair value of derivatives and hedge reclassifications
 
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
(1,112)
(1,105)
Acquisition of common stock (in shares)
 
 
(10,000,000)
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition of common stock
 
 
(279)
 
 
(279)
 
(279)
Share-based compensation (in shares)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation
 
27 
 
 
 
27 
 
27 
Withholdings for share-based awards and other (in shares)
 
 
(100,000)
 
 
 
 
 
Withholdings for share-based awards and other
 
 
(6)
 
 
(6)
 
(6)
Cash dividends paid
 
 
 
(219)
 
(219)
 
(219)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2)
(2)
Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
(0)
(0)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2008
243,000,000 
 
(37,200,000)
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at Dec. 31, 2008
304 
2,886 
(1,194)
904 
(581)
2,319 
23 
2,342 
Net earnings (loss)
 
 
 
(27)
 
(27)
(21)
Translation adjustments
 
 
 
 
99 
99 
99 
Pension and other benefit liability adjustments
 
 
 
 
(66)
(66)
 
(66)
Change in fair value of derivatives and hedge reclassifications
 
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
14 
Share-based compensation (in shares)
 
 
100,000 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation
 
21 
 
 
23 
 
23 
Withholdings for share-based awards and other (in shares)
 
 
(200,000)
 
 
 
 
 
Withholdings for share-based awards and other
 
 
(3)
 
 
(3)
 
(3)
Cash dividends paid
 
 
 
(214)
 
(214)
 
(214)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2)
(2)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2009
243,000,000 
 
(37,300,000)
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at Dec. 31, 2009
304 
2,906 
(1,194)
663 
(545)
2,134 
27 
2,161 
Net earnings (loss)
 
 
 
222 
 
222 
(5)
217 
Translation adjustments
 
 
 
 
12 
12 
13 
Pension and other benefit liability adjustments
 
 
 
 
42 
42 
 
42 
Change in fair value of derivatives and hedge reclassifications
 
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
276 
(4)
272 
Share-based compensation (in shares)
 
800,000 
1,300,000 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation
 
 
36 
 
 
37 
 
37 
Withholdings for share-based awards and other (in shares)
 
 
(400,000)
 
 
 
 
 
Withholdings for share-based awards and other
 
 
(9)
 
 
(9)
 
(9)
Cash dividends paid
 
 
 
(214)
 
(214)
 
(214)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2)
(2)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2010
243,000,000 
 
(36,400,000)
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at Dec. 31, 2010
$ 304 
$ 2,907 
$ (1,166)
$ 670 
$ (490)
$ 2,224 
$ 21 
$ 2,245 
Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation—The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company and its subsidiaries (the "Company" or "RR Donnelley") and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The accounts of businesses acquired during 2010, 2009 and 2008 are included in the consolidated financial statements from the dates of acquisition (see Note 2).

Nature of Operations—The Company is a global provider of integrated communications which works collaboratively with more than 60,000 customers worldwide to develop custom communications solutions that reduce costs, enhance return on investment and ensure compliance. Drawing on a range of proprietary and commercially available digital and conventional technologies deployed across four continents, the Company employs a suite of leading Internet-based capabilities and other resources to provide premedia, printing, logistics and business process outsourcing products and services to leading clients in virtually every private and public sector.

Use of Estimates—The preparation of consolidated financial statements, in conformity with GAAP, requires the extensive use of management's estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Estimates are used when accounting for items and matters including, but not limited to, allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, inventory obsolescence, asset valuations and useful lives, employee benefits, self-insurance reserves, taxes, restructuring and other provisions and contingencies.

Foreign Operations—Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate existing at the respective balance sheet dates. Income and expense items are translated at the average rates during the respective periods. Translation adjustments resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates are recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss) within shareholders' equity while transaction gains and losses are recorded in net income (loss). As of December 31, 2009, the three-year cumulative inflation for Venezuela using the blended Consumer Price Index and National Consumer Price Index exceeded 100%. As a result, as of January 1, 2010, Venezuela's economy was considered highly inflationary and the financial statements of the Company's Venezuelan entity were remeasured as if the functional currency were the U.S. Dollar. Consistent with historical practices and the Company's future intent, the financial statements were remeasured based on the official rate. On January 8, 2010, the government of Venezuela changed its primary fixed exchange rate from 2.15 Bolivars per U.S. Dollar to 4.3 Bolivars per U.S. Dollar, devaluing the Bolivar by 50%. This devaluation resulted in a pre-tax loss of $8.9 million ($8.1 million after-tax) and a reduction in income attributable to noncontrolling interest of $3.6 million

Fair Value Measurements—Certain assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, while other assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, generally as a result of impairment charges. Fair value is determined based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The Company records the fair value of its foreign exchange forward contracts, interest rate swaps, pension plan assets and other postretirement plan assets on a recurring basis. Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include long-lived assets held and used, long-lived assets held for sale, goodwill and other intangible assets. The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, short-term debt and accounts payable approximate their carrying values. The three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes valuation methodologies based on the reliability of the inputs, is:

Level 1Valuations based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.

 

Level 2Valuations based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting the Company's own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants.

Revenue Recognition—The Company recognizes revenue for the majority of its products upon transfer of title and the passage of the risk of loss, which is generally upon shipment to the customer. Contracts generally specify F.O.B. shipping point terms. Under agreements with certain customers, custom products may be stored by the Company for future delivery. In these situations, the Company may receive a logistics or warehouse management fee for the services it provides. In certain of these cases, delivery and billing schedules are outlined in the customer agreement and product revenue is recognized when manufacturing is complete, title and risk of loss transfer to the customer, and there is a reasonable assurance as to collectability. Because the majority of products are customized, product returns are not significant; however, the Company accrues for the estimated amount of customer credits at the time of sale.

Revenue from services is recognized as services are performed. Within the Company's financial print operations, which serve the global financial services end market, the Company produces highly customized materials such as regulatory S-filings, initial public offerings, XBRL and EDGAR-related services. Revenue is recognized for these services following final delivery of the printed product or upon completion of the service performed. Revenues related to the Company's premedia operations, which include digital content management, photography, color services and page production, are recognized in accordance with the terms of the contract, typically upon completion of the performed service and acceptance by the customer. With respect to the Company's logistics operations, whose operations include the delivery of printed material and other products, the Company recognizes revenue upon completion of the delivery of services.

The Company records deferred revenue in situations where amounts are invoiced but the revenue recognition criteria outlined above are not met. Such revenue is recognized when all criteria are subsequently met.

Certain revenues earned by the Company require judgment to determine if revenue should be recorded gross as a principal or net of related costs as an agent. Billings for third-party shipping and handling costs, primarily in the Company's logistics operations, and out-of-pocket expenses are recorded gross. In the Company's Global Turnkey Solutions operations, each contract is evaluated using various criteria to determine if revenue for components and other materials should be recognized on a gross or net basis. In general, these revenues are recognized on a gross basis if the Company has control over selecting vendors and pricing, is the primary obligor in the arrangement, bears all credit risk and bears the risk of loss for inventory in its possession. Revenue from contracts that do not meet these criteria is recognized on a net basis. Many of the Company's operations process materials, primarily paper, that may be supplied directly by customers or may be purchased by the Company and sold to customers. No revenue is recognized for customer-supplied paper, but revenues for Company-supplied paper are recognized on a gross basis.

The Company records taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities on a net basis.

By-product recoveries—The Company records the sale of by-products as a reduction of cost of sales.

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents—The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Short-term securities consist of investment grade instruments of governments, financial institutions and corporations.

 

Long-term restricted cash equivalents—As of December 31, 2009, $41.6 million of restricted cash equivalents was held in trust to cover the December 2010 payment related to the 2009 termination of a significant long-term customer contract in the business process outsourcing reporting unit within the International segment. The long-term restricted cash equivalent was classified within other noncurrent assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Receivables—Receivables are stated net of allowances for doubtful accounts and primarily include trade receivables, notes receivable and miscellaneous receivables from suppliers. No single customer comprised more than 10% of the Company's consolidated net sales in 2010, 2009 or 2008. Specific customer provisions are made when a review of significant outstanding amounts, utilizing information about customer creditworthiness and current economic trends, indicates that collection is doubtful. In addition, provisions are made at differing rates, based upon the age of the receivable and the Company's historical collection experience. See Note 5 for details of activity affecting the allowance for doubtful accounts.

Inventories—Inventories include material, labor and factory overhead and are stated at the lower of cost or market. The cost of approximately 66.9% and 70.4% of the inventories at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, has been determined using the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) method. The decrease in this percentage from 2009 is primarily related to inventory decreases in the U.S. This method reflects the effect of inventory replacement costs within results of operations; accordingly, charges to cost of sales reflect recent costs of material, labor and factory overhead. The Company uses an external-index method of valuing LIFO inventories. The remaining inventories, primarily related to certain acquired and international operations, are valued using the First-In, First-Out (FIFO) or specific identification methods.

Long-lived Assets—The Company assesses potential impairments to its long-lived assets if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are reviewed annually for impairment, or more frequently, if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. An impaired asset is written down to its estimated fair value based upon the most recent information available. Estimated fair market value is generally measured by discounting estimated future cash flows. Long-lived assets, other than goodwill and intangible assets, that are held for sale are recorded at the lower of the carrying value or the fair market value less the estimated cost to sell.

Property, plant and equipment—Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Useful lives range from 15 to 40 years for buildings, the lesser of 7 years or the lease term for leasehold improvements and from 3 to 15 years for machinery and equipment. Maintenance and repair costs are charged to expense as incurred. Major overhauls that extend the useful lives of existing assets are capitalized. When properties are retired or disposed, the costs and accumulated depreciation are eliminated and the resulting profit or loss is recognized in the results of operations.

Goodwill—Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually as of October 31 or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is below its carrying value. In performing this analysis, the Company compares each reporting unit's fair value, estimated based on comparable company market valuations and expected future discounted cash flows to be generated by the reporting unit, to its carrying value. If the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit's fair value, the Company performs an additional fair value measurement calculation to determine the impairment loss, which is charged to operations in the period identified. See Note 3 for further discussion.

Amortization—Certain costs to acquire and develop internal-use computer software are amortized over their estimated useful life using the straight-line method, up to a maximum of five years. Amortization expense related to internally-developed software was $15.3 million, $18.0 million and $23.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Deferred debt issue costs are amortized over the term of the

related debt. Identifiable intangible assets, except for those intangible assets with indefinite lives, are recognized apart from goodwill and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Identifiable intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized.

Financial Instruments—The Company uses derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to interest rate and foreign exchange fluctuations in the ordinary course of business.

All derivatives are recorded as other assets or other liabilities on the balance sheet at their respective fair values with unrealized gains and losses recorded in comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes, or in the results of operations, depending on the purpose for which the derivative is held. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that do not meet the criteria for designation as a hedge at inception, or fail to meet the criteria thereafter, are recognized currently in results of operations. At inception of a hedge transaction, the Company formally documents the hedge relationship and the risk management objective for undertaking the hedge. In addition, the Company assesses, both at inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivative in the hedging transaction has been highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of the hedged item and whether the derivative is expected to continue to be highly effective. The impact of any ineffectiveness is recognized currently in results of operations. See Note 14 for further discussion.

Share-Based Compensation—The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense based on estimated fair values for all share-based awards made to employees and directors, including stock options, restricted stock units and performance share units. The Company recognizes compensation expense for share-based awards expected to vest on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award based on their grant date fair value.

Pension and Postretirement Plans—The Company records annual income and expense amounts relating to its pension and postretirement plans based on calculations which include various actuarial assumptions, including discount rates, mortality, assumed rates of return, compensation increases, turnover rates and healthcare cost trend rates. The Company reviews its actuarial assumptions on an annual basis and makes modifications to the assumptions based on current rates and trends when it is deemed appropriate to do so. The effect of modifications on the value of plan obligations and assets is recognized immediately within other comprehensive income (loss) and amortized into operating earnings over future periods. The Company believes that the assumptions utilized in recording its obligations under its plans are reasonable based on its experience, market conditions and input from its actuaries and investment advisors. See Note 11 for further discussion.

Taxes on Income—Deferred taxes are provided on an asset and liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss carryforwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax basis. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. The Company is regularly audited by foreign and domestic tax authorities. These audits occasionally result in proposed assessments where the ultimate resolution might result in the Company owing additional taxes, including in some cases, penalties and interest. The Company recognizes a tax position in its financial statements when it is more likely than not (i.e., a likelihood of more than fifty percent) that the position would be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. This recognized tax position is then measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Although management believes that its estimates are reasonable, the final outcome of uncertain tax positions may be materially different from that which is reflected in the Company's financial statements. The Company adjusts such reserves upon changes in circumstances that would cause a change to the estimate of the ultimate liability, upon effective settlement or upon the expiration of the statute of limitations, in the period in which such event occurs. See Note 12 for further discussion.

 

Comprehensive Income (Loss)—Comprehensive income (loss) for the Company consists of net earnings (loss), unrecognized actuarial gains and losses and prior service cost for pension and postretirement benefit plans, changes in the fair value of certain derivative financial instruments and foreign currency translation adjustments and is presented in the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity.

Acquisitions
Acquisitions

Note 2. Acquisitions

2010 Acquisitions

On December 31, 2010, the Company acquired the assets of 8touches, an online provider of tools that allow real estate associates, brokers, Multiple Listing Service (MLS) associations and other marketers to create customized communications materials, located in Sealy, Texas. The purchase price for 8touches was $1.1 million. 8touches' operations are included in the U.S. Print and Related Services segment.

On December 14, 2010, the Company acquired the assets of Nimblefish Technologies ("Nimblefish"), a provider of multi-channel marketing services to leading retail, technology, telecom, hospitality and other customers, headquarted in San Francisco, California. The purchase price for Nimblefish was $3.9 million, including debt assumed of $2.0 million. The Company subsequently repaid $1.9 million of the debt assumed in December 2010. Nimblefish's operations are included in the U.S. Print and Related Services segment.

On November 24, 2010, the Company acquired Bowne & Co., Inc. ("Bowne"), a provider of shareholder and marketing communication services headquarted in New York, New York, with operations in North America, Latin America, Europe and Asia. The purchase price for Bowne was $465.2 million, including debt assumed of $26.2 million and net of cash acquired of $41.4 million. The Company subsequently repaid $25.4 million of the debt assumed in November 2010. Bowne's operations are included in both the U.S. Print and Related Services and International segments.

The operations of these acquired businesses are complementary to the Company's existing products and services. As a result, the additions of these businesses are expected to improve the Company's ability to serve customers and reduce management, real estate and manufacturing costs.For the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements included $61.2 million of net sales and a net loss of $9.3 million related to these acquired businesses.

The Bowne, Nimblefish and 8touches acquisitions were recorded by allocating the cost of the acquisitions to the assets acquired, including intangible assets, based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the cost of the acquisitions over the net amounts assigned to the fair value of the assets acquired was recorded as goodwill, none of which is tax deductible. Based on the valuations, the final purchase price allocations for these 2010 acquisitions were as follows:

 

Accounts receivable

   $ 129.0   

Inventories

     32.1   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     18.1   

Property, plant and equipment and other long-term assets

     127.3   

Amortizable intangible assets

     159.8   

Goodwill

     257.9   

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

     (159.7

Pension benefits and other long-term liabilities

     (76.7

Deferred taxes—net

     (17.6
        

Total purchase price—net of cash acquired

     470.2   

Less: debt assumed

     28.2   
        

Net cash paid

   $ 442.0   
        

 

The fair values of property, plant and equipment, goodwill and intangible assets associated with the acquisitions of Bowne, Nimblefish and 8touches were determined to be Level 3 under the fair value hierarchy. Property, plant and equipment values were estimated using dealer quotes and other indicators of current market place conditions. Customer relationships intangible asset values were estimated based on future cash flows and customer attrition rates discounted using an estimated weighted-average cost of capital. The tradename intangible asset value was estimated based on the relief of royalty method.

2009 Acquisitions

On June 18, 2009, the Company acquired Prospectus Central, LLC ("Prospectus"), an e-delivery company located in Fitzgerald, Georgia. The purchase price for Prospectus was $3.0 million. Prospectus's operations are included in the U.S. Print and Related Services segment.

On January 2, 2009, the Company acquired the assets of PROSA, a web printing company located in Santiago, Chile. The purchase price for PROSA was approximately $23.6 million. PROSA's operations are included in the International segment.

The operations of these acquired businesses are complementary to the Company's existing products and services. As a result, the addition of these businesses is expected to improve the Company's ability to serve customers, increase capacity utilization, and reduce management, procurement and manufacturing costs.For the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements included $18.7 million of net sales and net earnings of $3.5 million related to these acquired businesses.

The PROSA and Prospectus acquisitions were recorded by allocating the cost of the acquisitions to the assets acquired, including intangible assets, based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the cost of the acquisitions over the net amounts assigned to the fair value of the assets acquired was recorded as goodwill, none of which is tax deductible. Based on the valuations, the final purchase price allocations for these 2009 acquisitions were as follows:

 

Accounts receivable

   $ 2.4   

Property, plant and equipment

     9.2   

Amortizable intangible assets

     11.6   

Goodwill

     6.5   

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

     (2.5

Deferred taxes—net

     (0.6
        

Net cash paid

   $ 26.6   
        

2008 Acquisitions

On March 14, 2008, the Company acquired Pro Line Printing, Inc. ("Pro Line"), a multi-facility, privately held producer of newspaper inserts headquartered in Irving, Texas. The purchase price for Pro Line was approximately $122.2 million, net of cash acquired of $1.7 million and including acquisition costs of $4.3 million. Pro Line's operations are included in the U.S. Print and Related Services segment.

The operations of Pro Line are complementary to the Company's existing retail insert product line. As a result, this acquisition is expected to improve the Company's ability to serve customers, increase capacity utilization, and reduce management, procurement and manufacturing costs.

 

The Pro Line and another immaterial printing-company acquisition were recorded by allocating the cost of the acquisitions to the assets acquired, including intangible assets and liabilities assumed, based on their estimated fair values at acquisition date. The excess of the cost of the acquisitions over the net amounts assigned to the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed was recorded as goodwill, none of which is tax deductible. Based on these valuations, the final purchase price allocations are as follows:

 

Accounts receivable

   $ 17.4   

Inventories

     7.0   

Other current assets

     0.7   

Property, plant and equipment and other long-term assets

     101.8   

Amortizable intangible assets

     15.5   

Goodwill

     33.0   

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

     (29.9

Deferred taxes—net

     (7.0
        

Total purchase price—net of cash acquired

     138.5   

Less: debt assumed and not repaid

     5.9   
        

Net cash paid

   $ 132.6   
        

Pro forma results

The unaudited pro forma financial information for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 presents the combined results of operations of the Company, Bowne, Nimblefish and 8touches as if the acquisitions had occurred at January 1, 2009.

The unaudited pro forma financial information is not intended to represent or be indicative of the Company's consolidated results of operations or financial condition that would have been reported had these acquisitions been completed as of the beginning of the periods presented and should not be taken as indicative of the Company's future consolidated results of operations or financial condition. Pro forma adjustments are tax-effected at the applicable statutory tax rates.

 

     2010      2009  

Net sales

   $ 10,666.0       $ 10,557.0   

Net earnings (loss) attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders

     221.2         (107.0

Net earnings (loss) per share attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders:

     

Basic

   $ 1.07       $ (0.52
                 

Diluted

   $ 1.05       $ (0.52
                 

The unaudited pro forma financial information for 2010 and 2009 includes $113.9 million and $115.9 million, respectively, for the amortization of purchased intangibles. The unaudited pro forma financial information also includes restructuring and impairment charges from continuing operations of $153.3 million and $420.6 million for 2010 and 2009, respectively. The 2010 pro forma financial information was adjusted to exclude $66.3 million of acquisition and restructuring charges incurred in 2010 and $2.2 million of nonrecurring expense related to the inventory fair value adjustment recorded as part of purchase accounting. The 2009 pro forma financial information was adjusted to include the $66.3 million of acquisition and restructuring charges, as well as $5.7 million of expense related to the inventory fair value adjustment.

Restructuring and Impairment
Restructuring and Impairment

Note 3. Restructuring and Impairment

The Company recorded restructuring and impairment charges of $157.9 million, $382.7 million and $1,184.7 million in the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The charges in 2010 included $87.9 million for the impairment of goodwill and acquired customer relationship intangible assets. Additionally in 2010, the Company recorded restructuring charges of $35.9 million for employee termination costs, $29.5 million for other restructuring charges, of which $13.6 million related to multi-employer pension plan partial withdrawal charges primarily attributable to two closed manufacturing facilities within the U.S. Print and Related Services segment and the remaining amount related to lease termination and other facility closure costs, and $4.6 million of impairment charges for other long-lived assets. The charges in 2009 included $128.5 million for the impairment of goodwill, as well as charges, discounted for future cash payments, of $118.6 million for the termination of a significant long-term customer contract in the business process outsourcing reporting unit within the International segment, of which $117.2 million, $0.8 million and $0.6 million are reflected in other charges, impairment and employee terminations, respectively. Additionally in 2009, the Company recorded restructuring charges of $78.8 million for employee termination costs, other restructuring charges, including lease termination and other facility closure costs, of $32.1 million and $24.7 million of impairment charges for other long-lived assets. The charges in 2008 included $1,125.4 million for the impairment of goodwill and intangible assets, as well as $44.1 million for employee termination costs. Additionally, in 2008, the Company incurred other restructuring charges, including lease termination and other facility closure costs of $10.6 million, as well as $4.6 million of impairment charges for other long-lived assets.

The restructuring charges recorded are based on restructuring plans that have been committed to by management and are, in part, based upon management's best estimates of future events. Changes to the estimates may require future adjustments to the restructuring liabilities.

Restructuring and Impairment Costs Charged to Results of Operations

 

2010

   Employee
Terminations
     Other
Charges
     Total
Restructuring
     Impairment      Total  

U.S. Print and Related Services

   $ 5.9       $ 24.0       $ 29.9       $ 64.1       $ 94.0   

International

     17.9         4.5         22.4         28.2         50.6   

Corporate

     12.1         1.0         13.1         0.2         13.3   
                                            
   $ 35.9       $ 29.5       $ 65.4       $ 92.5       $ 157.9   
                                            

In the fourth quarter of 2010, as a result of the Company's annual impairment test, the Company recorded a non-cash charge of $61.0 million to reflect the impairment of goodwill, which is reflected in the U.S. Print and Related Services segment. The goodwill impairment charge of $61.0 million resulted from reductions in the estimated fair value of the forms and labels reporting unit, based on lower expectations for future revenue and cash flows due to the continued impacts of electronic substitution on forms demand and increasing price pressure. In addition, the lower fair value reflects higher estimated spending on information technology and capital equipment, in part to better position this reporting unit for increased growth in labels volume as forms' demand continues to decline. Because the fair value of this reporting unit was below its carrying amount including goodwill, the Company performed an additional fair value measurement calculation to determine the amount of impairment loss. As part of this impairment calculation, the Company also estimated the fair value of the significant tangible and intangible long-lived assets of this reporting unit. The goodwill impairment was determined using Level 3 inputs, including discounted cash flow analyses, comparable marketplace fair value data, as well as management's assumptions in valuing the significant tangible and intangible assets.

 

Additionally, during the third quarter of 2010, the Company recorded a non-cash charge of $26.9 million for the impairment of acquired customer relationship intangible assets in the Global Turnkey Solutions reporting unit within the International segment. The impairment of the acquired customer relationship intangible assets primarily resulted from the termination of a customer contract and was determined using Level 3 inputs and estimated based on cash flow analysis and management's assumptions related to future revenues and profitability of certain customers. After recording the impairment charge, remaining customer relationship intangible assets in the Global Turnkey Solutions reporting unit were $43.0 million as of December 31, 2010.

For the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company recorded net restructuring charges of $35.9 million for employee termination costs for 1,458 employees, of whom 1,354 were terminated as of December 31, 2010, associated with actions resulting from the reorganization of certain operations. These actions included the reorganization of certain operations within the Financial Print reporting unit within the U.S. Print and Related Services segment due to the acquisition of Bowne. In addition, these actions included the closing of one Latin America manufacturing facility, one business process outsourcing manufacturing facility and one Global Turnkey Solutions manufacturing facility within the International segment. Further, continuing charges resulting from the closing of two Global Turnkey Solutions manufacturing facilities in 2009 within the International segment were recorded in 2010. These actions also included the reorganization of certain operations within the magazine, catalog and retail insert and variable print reporting units and the closing of one Forms and Labels manufacturing facility within the U.S. Print and Related Services segment. Additionally, the Company incurred other restructuring charges of $29.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, of which $13.6 million related to multi-employer pension plan partial withdrawal charges primarily attributable to two closed manufacturing facilities within the U.S. Print and Related Services segment. The remaining charges included lease termination and other facility closure costs partially offset by gains on the sales of two previously closed facilities within both the International and U.S. Print and Related Services segment. Finally, for the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company recorded $4.6 million of impairment charges primarily for machinery and equipment and leasehold improvements associated with the facility closings. The fair values of the machinery and equipment and leasehold improvements were determined to be Level 3 under the fair value hierarchy and were estimated based on discussions with machinery and equipment brokers, dealer quotes and internal expertise related to the equipment and current marketplace conditions.

 

2009

   Employee
Terminations
     Other
Charges
     Total
Restructuring
     Impairment      Total  

U.S. Print and Related Services

   $ 36.5       $ 19.2       $ 55.7       $ 108.1       $ 163.8   

International

     40.5         124.3         164.8         45.9         210.7   

Corporate

     2.4         5.8         8.2         —           8.2   
                                            
   $ 79.4       $ 149.3       $ 228.7       $ 154.0       $ 382.7   
                                            

In the fourth quarter of 2009, the Company recorded a non-cash charge of $128.5 million to reflect the impairment of goodwill, of which $93.8 million and $34.7 million are reflected in the U.S. Print and Related Services and International segments, respectively. The goodwill impairment charges of $93.8 million and $34.7 million resulted from reductions in the estimated fair value of the forms and labels and Canada reporting units, respectively, based on lower expectations for revenue due to declines in business and consumer spending and continued price pressure. Because the fair value of these reporting units was below their carrying amounts including goodwill, the Company performed an additional fair value measurement calculation to determine the amount of impairment loss. As part of this impairment calculation, the Company also estimated the fair value of the significant tangible and intangible long-lived assets of each reporting unit.

For the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company also recorded net restructuring and impairment charges, discounted for future cash payments, of $118.6 million for the termination of a significant long-term customer contract in the business process outsourcing reporting unit within the International segment, of which $117.2 million, $0.8 million and $0.6 million are reflected in other charges, impairment and employee terminations, respectively. In addition, for the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company recorded net restructuring charges of $78.8 million for employee termination costs for 4,043 employees, all of whom were terminated as of December 31, 2010, associated with actions resulting from the reorganization of certain operations. These actions included the closings of two magazine, catalog and retail insert manufacturing facilities, two book manufacturing facilities and one premedia facility within the U.S. Print and Related Services segment and the closing of two Global Turnkey Solutions manufacturing facilities, one business process outsourcing facility, one Latin America manufacturing facility and one European manufacturing facility within the International segment. Additionally, the Company incurred other restructuring charges, including lease termination and other facility closure costs, of $32.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. Finally, for the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company recorded $24.7 million of impairment charges primarily for machinery and equipment associated with the facility closings. The fair values of the machinery and equipment were determined to be Level 3 under the fair value hierarchy and were estimated based on discussions with machinery and equipment brokers, dealer quotes, internal expertise related to the equipment and current marketplace conditions.

 

2008

   Employee
Terminations
     Other
Charges
     Total
Restructuring
     Impairment      Total  

U.S. Print and Related Services

   $ 22.1       $ 3.7       $ 25.8       $ 380.0       $ 405.8   

International

     21.6         3.4         25.0         749.7         774.7   

Corporate

     0.4         3.5         3.9         0.3         4.2   
                                            
   $ 44.1       $ 10.6       $ 54.7       $ 1,130.0       $ 1,184.7   
                                            

In the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company recorded a non-cash charge of $1,125.4 million to reflect the impairment of goodwill and intangible assets, of which $749.0 million and $376.4 million are reflected in the International and U.S. Print and Related Services segments, respectively. The goodwill impairment charges of $297.8 million, $249.4 million, $152.0 million, $78.6 million and $22.3 million resulted from reductions in the estimated fair value of the forms and labels, business process outsourcing, Canada, office products and Global Turnkey Solutions reporting units, respectively, based on lower expectations for revenue, profitability and cash flows resulting primarily from the impacts of the global economic downturn and resultant impacts on the Company's customers. In addition, these reporting units were valued using a higher discount rate applied to estimated future cash flows. The higher discount rates reflect increases in borrowing rates and equity risk premiums implied by market conditions as of October 31, 2008 compared to October 31, 2007. Because the fair values of these reporting units were below their carrying amounts including goodwill, the Company performed an additional fair value measurement calculation to determine the amount of impairment loss. As part of this impairment calculation, the Company also estimated the fair value of the significant tangible and intangible long-lived assets of each reporting unit.

The Company also recorded a non-cash charge of $325.3 million for the impairment of acquired customer relationships in the business process outsourcing reporting unit. The impairment of these intangible assets resulted from overall declines in contract renewal rates, net sales growth and profit margins compared to prior estimates. These factors were also reflected in the overall decline in value of the reporting unit that caused impairment of its goodwill. After recording the goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges, remaining intangible assets in the business process outsourcing reporting unit were $24.3 million as of December 31, 2008.

For the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company also recorded net restructuring charges of $44.1 million, for employee termination costs for 2,245 employees, all of whom were terminated as of December 31, 2010, associated with actions resulting from the reorganization of certain operations and the exiting of certain business activities. These actions included the realignment and consolidation of the Canadian organization, management reorganization within Latin America, the closing of two Global Turnkey Solutions manufacturing facilities within the International segment and the realignment and consolidation of financial print organizations in the U.S. Print and Related Services and International segments. Additionally, the Company incurred other restructuring charges, including lease termination and other facility closure costs of $10.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. Finally, for the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company recorded $4.6 million of impairment charges for other long-lived assets.

Restructuring Costs Capitalized as a Cost of Acquisition

During 2008, the Company recorded $2.1 million of restructuring costs related to employee terminations and other costs in connection with the acquisition of Pro Line.

Restructuring Reserve

Activity impacting the Company's restructuring reserve for the year ended December 31, 2010 is as follows:

 

     December 31,
2009
     Restructuring Costs
Charged to Results
of Operations
     Foreign
Exchange and
Other
     Cash Paid     December 31,
2010
 

Employee terminations

   $ 20.4       $ 35.9       $ —         $ (45.1   $ 11.2   

Other

     120.5         29.5         5.8         (113.0     42.8   
                                           

Total

   $ 140.9       $ 65.4       $ 5.8       $ (158.1   $ 54.0   
                                           

The current portion of restructuring reserves of $28.4 million was included in accrued liabilities at December 31, 2010, while the long-term portion of $25.6 million, primarily related to multi-employer pension plan partial withdrawal charges and lease termination costs, was included in other noncurrent liabilities at December 31, 2010.

The Company anticipates payments associated with employee terminations will be substantially completed by the end of 2011.

As of December 31, 2010, the restructuring liabilities classified as "other" consist of multi-employer pension plan partial withdrawal charges, lease termination costs and other facility closing costs. In 2010, the Company paid $57.5 million and $38.3 million in January and December, respectively, related to the termination of the significant long-term customer contract referred to above. Payments on certain lease obligations are scheduled to continue until 2017. Market conditions and the Company's ability to sublease these properties could affect the ultimate charge related to these lease obligations. Any potential recoveries or additional charges could affect amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements of future periods.

Activity impacting the Company's restructuring reserve for the year ended December 31, 2009 was as follows:

 

     December 31,
2008
     Restructuring Costs
Charged to Results
of Operations
     Foreign
Exchange and
Other
     Cash Paid     December 31,
2009
 

Employee terminations

   $ 23.5       $ 79.4       $ 0.5       $ (83.0   $ 20.4   

Other

     11.1         149.3         3.5         (43.4     120.5   
                                           

Total

   $ 34.6       $ 228.7       $ 4.0       $ (126.4   $ 140.9   
                                           

 

The current portion of restructuring reserves of $92.2 million was included in accrued liabilities at December 31, 2009, while the long-term portion of $48.7 million, primarily related to the termination of the significant long-term customer contract in 2009 and lease termination costs, was included in other noncurrent liabilities at December 31, 2009.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Note 4. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:

 

In the fourth quarters of 2010 and 2009, the Company recorded non-cash charges of $61.0 million and $128.5 million, respectively, to reflect impairment of goodwill. See Note 3 for further discussion regarding these impairment charges.

 

The components of other intangible assets at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:

 

     December 31, 2010      December 31, 2009  
   Gross
Carrying
Amount
     Accumulated
Amortization
    Net Book
Value
     Gross
Carrying
Amount
     Accumulated
Amortization
    Net Book
Value
 

Trademarks, licenses and agreements

   $ 25.7       $ (23.0   $ 2.7       $ 25.6       $ (22.3   $ 3.3   

Patents

     98.3         (83.6     14.7         98.3         (71.4     26.9   

Customer relationship intangibles

     1,244.3         (519.8     724.5         1,125.0         (440.1     684.9   

Trade names

     22.7         (7.7     15.0         21.4         (7.2     14.2   
                                                   

Total amortizable purchased intangible assets

     1,391.0         (634.1     756.9         1,270.3         (541.0     729.3   

Indefinite-lived trade names

     18.1         —          18.1         18.1         —          18.1   
                                                   

Total purchased intangible assets

   $ 1,409.1       $ (634.1   $ 775.0       $ 1,288.4       $ (541.0   $ 747.4   
                                                   

In the third quarter of 2010, the Company recorded a non-cash charge of $26.9 million to reflect impairment of acquired customer relationship intangible assets in the Global Turnkey Solutions reporting unit. See note 3 for further discussion regarding this impairment charge.

During the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company recorded additions to intangible assets of $159.8 million and $11.6 million, respectively. The components of other intangible assets acquired during 2010 and 2009 were as follows:

 

     December 31, 2010      December 31, 2009  
     Amount      Weighted
Average
Amortization
Period
     Amount      Weighted
Average
Amortization
Period
 

Trademarks, licenses and agreements

   $ —           —         $ 3.6         5.5   

Customer relationship intangibles

     158.3         10.0         8.0         8.0   

Trade names

     1.5         1.5         —           —     
                       

Total additions

   $ 159.8          $ 11.6      
                       

Amortization expense for other intangibles was $99.3 million, $99.1 million and $123.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The following table outlines the estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets as of December 31, 2010:

 

     Amount  

2011

   $ 112.5   

2012

     99.3   

2013

     96.6   

2014

     94.2   

2015

     87.0   

2016 and thereafter

     267.3   
        

Total

   $ 756.9   
        

 

Accounts Receivable
Accounts Receivable

Note 5. Accounts Receivable

Transactions affecting the allowance for doubtful accounts during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:

 

     2010     2009     2008  

Balance, beginning of year

   $ 70.3      $ 80.5      $ 63.6   

Provisions charged to expense

     22.8        19.7        52.1   

Write-offs and other

     (22.1     (29.9     (35.2
                        

Balance, end of year

   $ 71.0      $ 70.3      $ 80.5   
                        
Inventories
Inventories

Note 6. Inventories

The components of the Company's inventories at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:

 

     2010     2009  

Raw materials and manufacturing supplies

   $ 259.6      $ 229.9   

Work in process

     184.3        190.1   

Finished goods

     204.7        219.6   

LIFO reserve

     (88.0     (77.8
                

Total

   $ 560.6      $ 561.8   
                

The Company recognized LIFO expense of $10.2 million in 2010, a LIFO benefit of $17.6 million in 2009 and LIFO expense of $30.6 million in 2008.

Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment

Note 7. Property, Plant and Equipment

The components of the Company's property, plant and equipment at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:

 

     2010     2009  

Land

   $ 111.4      $ 89.6   

Buildings

     1,197.9        1,140.0   

Machinery and equipment

     6,098.8        6,001.7   
                
     7,408.1        7,231.3   

Less: Accumulated depreciation

     (5,269.4     (4,959.9
                

Total

   $ 2,138.7      $ 2,271.4   
                

During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, depreciation expense was $424.6 million, $461.6 million and $493.8 million, respectively.

Assets Held for Sale

Primarily as a result of restructuring actions, certain facilities and equipment are considered held for sale. The net book value of assets held for sale was $6.5 million and $8.7 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. These assets were included in other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2010 and 2009 at the lower of their historical net book value or their estimated fair value, less estimated costs to sell.

Fair Value Measurement
Fair Value Measurement

Note 8. Fair Value Measurement

Certain assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company's only assets and liabilities adjusted to fair value on a recurring basis are pension and other postretirement plan assets, foreign exchange forward contracts and interest rate swaps and related debt. See Note 11 for the fair value of the Company's pension and other postretirement plan assets as of December 31, 2010 and Note 14 for further discussion on the fair value of the Company's foreign exchange forward contracts and interest rate swaps and related debt as of December 31, 2010 and 2009.

In addition to assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, the Company is required to record certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, generally as a result of acquisitions or impairment charges. See Note 2 for further discussion on the fair value of assets and liabilities associated with acquisitions. Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis subsequent to initial recognition and still held at December 31, 2010 are summarized below:

 

See Note 13 for the fair value of the Company's debt.

Accrued Liabilities
Accrued Liabilities

Note 9. Accrued Liabilities

The components of the Company's accrued liabilities at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:

 

     2010      2009  

Employee-related liabilities

   $ 387.3       $ 202.7   

Restructuring liabilities

     28.4         92.2   

Deferred revenue

     129.9         151.4   

Other

     356.6         367.1   
                 

Total accrued liabilities

   $ 902.2       $ 813.4   
                 

Employee-related liabilities consist primarily of payroll, incentive compensation, sales commission and employee benefit accruals. Incentive compensation accruals include amounts earned in 2010 pursuant to the Company's primary employee incentive compensation plans as well as one quarter of amounts earned in 2009. Payments under the 2009 plans were generally deferred and will be made in four equal installments in the first quarter of 2010 through 2013. Other accrued liabilities include income and other tax liabilities, interest expense accruals and miscellaneous operating accruals. The decrease in restructuring liabilities is related to the termination of the long-term customer contract. The Company paid $57.5 million and $38.3 million of this liability in January and December 2010, respectively.

Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies

Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies

As of December 31, 2010, authorized expenditures on incomplete projects for the purchase of property, plant and equipment totaled approximately $159.0 million. Of this total, approximately $34.6 million has been committed. In addition, as of December 31, 2010, the Company has a commitment of $11.6 million for severance payments related to employee restructuring activities. The Company also has contractual commitments of approximately $176.6 million for outsourced services, including technology, professional, maintenance and other services. The Company has a variety of contracts with suppliers for the purchase of paper, ink and other commodities for delivery in future years at prevailing market prices. In addition, the Company has natural gas purchase commitments that are at fixed prices. As of December 31, 2010, the Company was committed to purchase $8.7 million of natural gas under these contracts.

Future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable operating leases are as follows:

 

Year Ended December 31

   Amount  

2011

   $ 160.8   

2012

     123.2   

2013

     96.4   

2014

     75.2   

2015 and thereafter

     270.3   
        
   $ 725.9   
        

The Company has non-cancelable operating lease commitments totaling $725.9 million extending through various periods to 2052. Rent expense was $212.5 million, $215.0 million and $219.8 million in the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

Future rental commitments for leases have not been reduced by minimum non-cancelable sublease rentals aggregating approximately $16.4 million. The Company remains secondarily liable under these leases in the event that the sub-lessee defaults under the sublease terms. The Company does not believe that material payments will be required as a result of the secondary liability provisions of the primary lease agreements.

Litigation

The Company is subject to laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. The Company provides for expenses associated with environmental remediation obligations when such amounts are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Such accruals are adjusted as new information develops or circumstances change and are not discounted. The Company has been designated as a potentially responsible party in fourteen federal and state Superfund sites. In addition to the Superfund sites, the Company may also have the obligation to remediate seven other previously owned facilities and three other currently owned facilities. At the Superfund sites, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act provides that the Company's liability could be joint and several, meaning that the Company could be required to pay an amount in excess of its proportionate share of the remediation costs. The Company's understanding of the financial strength of other potentially responsible parties at the Superfund sites and of other liable parties at the previously owned facilities has been considered, where appropriate, in the determination of the Company's estimated liability. The Company established reserves, recorded in accrued liabilities and other noncurrent liabilities, that it believes are adequate to cover its share of the potential costs of remediation at each of the Superfund sites and the previously and currently owned facilities. While it is not possible to quantify with certainty the potential impact of actions regarding environmental matters, particularly remediation and other compliance efforts that the Company may undertake in the future, in the opinion of management, compliance with the present environmental protection laws, before taking into account estimated recoveries from third parties, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated annual results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

From time to time, the Company's customers and others file voluntary petitions for reorganization under United States bankruptcy laws. In such cases, certain pre-petition payments received by the Company from these parties could be considered preference items and subject to return. In addition, the Company may be party to certain litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. Management believes that the final resolution of these preference items and litigation will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated annual results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Retirement Plans
Retirement Plans

Note 11. Retirement Plans

The Company sponsors various funded and unfunded pension plans for most of its full-time employees in the U.S., Canada and certain international locations. The Company also participates in various multi-employer pension plans. Benefits are generally based upon years of service and compensation. These plans are funded in conformity with the applicable government regulations. The Company funds at least the minimum amount required for all qualified plans using actuarial cost methods and assumptions acceptable under government regulations. Most of the Company's regular full-time U.S. employees become eligible for these benefits at or after reaching age 50 while working for the Company and having 5 years of vested service.

In addition to pension benefits, retired employees are entitled to certain healthcare and life insurance benefits provided they have met certain eligibility requirements. Most of the Company's regular full-time U.S. employees become eligible for these benefits if they meet all of the following requirements at the time of termination: (a) have attained at least 55 or more points (full years of service and age combined), (b) are at least fifty years of age, (c) have at least two years of continuous, regular, full-time, benefits-eligible service and (d) have completed at least two or more years of continuous service with a participating employer, which ends on their termination date. Additional requirements need to be met in order to receive subsidized coverage. The Plan expenses are paid through a tax-exempt trust. Some of the assets of the trust are invested in trust-owned life insurance policies covering certain employees of the Company. The underlying assets of the policies are invested primarily in marketable equity, corporate fixed income and government securities.

As noted above, the Company also maintains several pension and postretirement benefit plans in international locations. The expected returns on plan assets and discount rates for these plans are determined based on each plan's investment approach, local interest rates, and plan participant profiles.

The pension and postretirement obligations are calculated using generally accepted actuarial methods and are measured as of December 31. Actuarial gains and losses are amortized using the corridor method over the average remaining service life of active plan participants.

The components of the net periodic benefit expense (income) and total expense (income) are as follows:

 

     Pension Benefits     Postretirement Benefits  
     2010     2009     2008     2010     2009     2008  

Service cost

   $ 80.4      $ 70.1      $ 86.3      $ 12.2      $ 10.3      $ 12.4   

Interest cost

     184.0        177.6        168.8        28.4        31.0        30.3   

Expected return on plan assets

     (258.7     (256.2     (267.3     (15.5     (15.5     (16.3

Amortization of prior service credit

     (1.9     (5.3     (5.2     (10.8     (14.6     (14.6

Amortization of actuarial loss

     29.7        8.9        0.6        1.3        (2.6     0.1   
                                                

Net periodic benefit expense (income)

     33.5        (4.9     (16.8     15.6        8.6        11.9   

Curtailments

     (0.4     —          (0.1     —          —          —     
                                                

Total expense (income)

   $ 33.1      $ (4.9   $ (16.9   $ 15.6      $ 8.6      $ 11.9   
                                                

Weighted average assumption used to calculate net periodic benefit expense:

            

Discount rate

     6.0     6.8     6.4     5.7     6.9     6.3

Rate of compensation increase

     4.0     4.0     4.0     4.0     4.0     4.0

Expected return on plan assets

     8.3     8.3     8.3     7.6     8.0     8.0

 

The following provides a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets and the funded status of the pension and postretirement plans as of December 31, 2010 and 2009:

 

     Pension Benefits     Postretirement Benefits  
     2010     2009         2010             2009      

Benefit obligation at beginning of year

   $ 3,168.1      $ 2,672.8      $ 513.7      $ 466.9   

Service cost

     80.4        70.1        12.2        10.3   

Interest cost

     184.0        177.6        28.4        31.0   

Plan participants' contributions

     1.2        1.3        16.8        19.5   

Medicare reimbursements

     —          —          3.3        3.0   

Acquisitions and other

     167.2        —          1.2        —     

Actuarial loss (gain)

     133.8        348.9        (39.8     24.8   

Plan amendments

     3.3        —          —          —     

Curtailments and settlements

     (0.4     —          —          —     

Foreign currency translation

     4.3        39.8        1.8        3.9   

Benefits paid

     (158.8     (142.4     (47.3     (45.7
                                

Benefit obligation at end of year

   $ 3,583.1      $ 3,168.1      $ 490.3      $ 513.7   
                                

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

   $ 2,654.4      $ 2,191.4      $ 182.6      $ 160.2   

Actual return on assets

     394.5        548.6        26.5        20.7   

Acquisitions and other

     98.0        (0.3     —          —     

Employer contributions

     38.8        22.2        13.3        24.9   

Plan participants' contributions

     1.2        1.3        16.8        22.5   

Foreign currency translation

     1.5        33.6        —          —     

Benefits paid

     (158.8     (142.4     (47.3     (45.7
                                

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

   $ 3,029.6      $ 2,654.4      $ 191.9      $ 182.6   
                                

Funded status at end of year

   $ (553.5   $ (513.7   $ (298.4   $ (331.1
                                

The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $3,512.9 million and $3,091.3 million at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.

Amounts recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 are reflected in the following table.

 

     Pension Benefits     Postretirement Benefits  
     2010     2009         2010             2009      

Prepaid pension cost (included in other noncurrent assets)

   $ 4.4      $ 1.8      $ —        $ —     

Accrued benefit cost (included in accrued liabilities)

     (24.9     (5.7     (11.0     (6.6

Pension liability

     (533.0     (509.8     —          —     

Postretirement benefits

     —          —          (287.4     (324.5
                                

Net liability recognized in the consolidated balance sheets

   $ (553.5   $ (513.7   $ (298.4   $ (331.1
                                

 

The amounts in accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, excluding tax effects, that have not yet been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost at December 31, 2010 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Pension Benefits     Postretirement Benefits  
     2010     2009         2010             2009      

Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss

        

Net actuarial loss

   $ 1,069.4      $ 1,102.8      $ (6.0   $ 46.8   

Net transition obligation

     0.3        0.3        —          —     

Net prior service credit

     (43.1     (48.3     (27.9     (38.6
                                

Total

   $ 1,026.6      $ 1,054.8      $ (33.9   $ 8.2   
                                

The amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) in 2010 as components of net periodic benefit costs are as follows:

 

     Pension
Benefits
    Postretirement
Benefits
 

Amortization of:

    

Net actuarial loss

   $ (29.7   $ (1.3

Net prior service credit

     1.9        10.8   

Amounts arising during the period:

    

Net actuarial loss

     (3.7     (51.5

Prior service credit

     3.3        —     

Foreign currency loss

     —          (0.1
                

Total

   $ (28.2   $ (42.1
                

Actuarial gains and losses in excess of 10% of the greater of the projected benefit obligation or the market-related value of plan assets are recognized as a component of net periodic benefit costs over the average remaining service period of a plan's active employees. Unrecognized prior service costs or credit are also recognized as a component of net periodic benefit cost over the average remaining service period of a plan's active employees. The amounts in accumulated other comprehensive loss that are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit costs over the next year are shown below:

 

     Pension
Benefits
    Postretirement
Benefits
 

Amortization of:

    

Net actuarial loss

   $ 53.9      $ 0.2   

Net prior service credit

     (5.2     (5.3
                

Total

   $ 48.7      $ (5.1
                

 

The following provides the weighted average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation at the measurement date:

 

     Pension Benefits     Postretirement
Benefits
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Discount rate

     5.5     6.0     5.2     5.7

Rate of compensation increase

     4.0     4.0     3.5     4.0

Health care cost trend:

        

Current

        

Pre-Age 65

     —          —          7.8     7.0

Post-Age 65

     —          —          7.8     7.0

Ultimate

     —          —          6.0     6.0

Summary of under-funded or unfunded pension benefit plans with projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009:

 

     Pension Benefits  
     2010      2009  

Projected benefit obligation

   $ 3,561.9       $ 3,161.9   

Fair value of plan assets

     3,004.0         2,645.0   

Summary of pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets:

 

     Pension Benefits  
     2010      2009  

Accumulated benefit obligation

   $ 3,490.2       $ 3,084.6   

Fair value of plan assets

     3,001.8         2,643.6   

The current health care cost trend rate gradually declines through 2019 to the ultimate trend rate and remains level thereafter. A one-percentage point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:

 

     1%
Increase
     1%
Decrease
 

Total postretirement service and interest cost components

   $ 0.7       $ (0.6

Postretirement benefit obligation

     7.5         (6.4

The Company determines its assumption for the discount rate to be used for purposes of computing annual service and interest costs based on an index of high-quality corporate bond yields and matched-funding yield curve analysis as of the measurement date.

The Company expects to make cash contributions of approximately $45.8 million to its pension plans and approximately $15.2 million to its postretirement plans in 2011, and additional non-required contributions could be made. While the Company cannot currently estimate the amount of pension plan contributions that will be required in 2012 and future years, larger contributions to the pension plans are expected to be required.

The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 included a prescription drug benefit under Medicare Part D, as well as a federal subsidy that began in 2006, to sponsors of retiree health care plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent, as defined in the Act, to Medicare Part D. Two of the Company's retiree health care plans are at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D and eligible for the federal subsidy. During the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company received approximately $3.3 million and $3.0 million, respectively, in Medicare reimbursements. Cash flow from the subsidy is expected to be approximately $1.3 million in 2011.

Benefit payments are expected to be paid as follows:

 

     Pension
Benefits
     Postretirement
Benefits-Gross
     Estimated Medicare
Subsidy
Reimbursements
 

2011

   $ 192.2       $ 32.0       $ 1.3   

2012

     180.0         31.8         1.3   

2013

     184.9         32.3         1.3   

2014

     190.0         32.7         1.3   

2015

     196.6         33.0         1.3   

2016-2020

     1,139.1         169.6         5.3   

Employee 401(k) Savings Plans—The Company maintains savings plans that are qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Substantially all of the Company's U.S. employees are eligible for these plans. Under this plan, employees may contribute a percentage of eligible compensation on both a before-tax basis and after-tax basis. The Company has historically matched a percentage of a participating employee's before-tax contributions. The Company suspended its 401(k) match for 2009 and 2010. The total expense attributable to the match was $20.6 million in 2008.

Multi-Employer Pension Plans—The Company participates in a total of 6 multi-employer pension plans that enroll employees across several facilities within the U.S. Print and Related Services segment. The Company is required to make annual contributions to these plans as determined by the terms and conditions of each plan. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company made plan contributions of $1.7 million, $1.9 million and $2.3 million, respectively, to these multi-employer pension plans. Future plan contributions cannot be determined, but could significantly increase due to other employers' withdrawal or the underfunded status of the plans.

In addition, the Company is exposed to significant risks and uncertainties arising from its participation in these plans. These risks and uncertainties include potential changes in the estimated amounts of charges due to partial withdrawal from two plans related to closure of certain operating locations. The Company recorded charges for these partial withdrawal liabilities of $13.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. These charges were recorded in other restructuring reserves and represent the Company's best estimate of the expected settlement of these partial withdrawal liabilities. There were no charges due to partial withdrawal liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. While it is not possible to quantify the potential impact of future actions, further reductions in participation or withdrawal from these multi-employer pension plans could have a material impact on the Company's consolidated annual results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.

Plan Assets

The Company employs a total return investment approach for its pension and postretirement benefit plans, whereby a mix of equities, fixed income and alternative investments is used to maximize the long-term return of pension and postretirement plan assets. The intent of this strategy is to minimize plan expenses by outperforming plan liabilities over the long run. Risk tolerance is established through careful consideration of plan liabilities, plan funded status, and corporate financial condition. The investment portfolios contain a diversified blend of equity, fixed income and alternative investments. Furthermore, equity investments are diversified across geography, market capitalization and investment style through investments in U.S. large-capitalization stocks, U.S. small-capitalization stocks and international securities. Fixed income investments include holdings of corporate bonds, government bonds and asset-backed securities. Investment risk is measured and monitored on an ongoing basis through annual liability measurements, periodic asset/liability studies and quarterly investment portfolio reviews. The expected long-term rate of return for plan assets is based upon many factors including asset allocations, historical asset returns, current and expected future market conditions, risk and active management premiums. The prospective target asset allocation percentage for both the pension and postretirement plans is approximately 75% for equity and other securities and approximately 25% for fixed income.

The Company segregated its plan assets by the following major categories and levels for determining their fair value as of December 31, 2010 and 2009:

Cash and cash equivalents—Carrying value approximates fair value. As such, these assets were classified as Level 1.

Equity—The values of individual equity securities were based on quoted prices in active markets. As such, these assets are classified as Level 1. Additionally, the Company invests in certain equity funds that are valued at calculated net asset value per share ("NAV"), but are not quoted on active markets. As such, these assets were classified as Level 2. Additionally, includes underlying securities in trust owned life insurance policies which are invested in certain equity securities. These investments are not quoted on active markets, therefore, they are classified as Level 2.

Fixed income—Fixed income securities are typically priced based on a valuation model rather than a last trade basis and are not exchange-traded. Inputs to the valuation models include utilizing dealer quotes, analyzing market information, estimating prepayment speeds and evaluating underlying collateral. Accordingly, the Company classified these fixed income securities as Level 2. Fixed income securities also include investments in various asset-backed securities that are part of a government sponsored program. The prices of these asset-backed securities were obtained by independent third parties using multi-dimensional, collateral specific prepayments tables. Inputs include monthly payment information and collateral performance. As the values of these assets was determined based on models incorporating observable inputs, these assets were classified as Level 2. The Company also invests in certain fixed income funds that were priced on active markets and were classified as Level 1. Additionally, includes underlying securities in trust owned life insurance policies which are invested in certain fixed income securities. These investments are not quoted on active markets, therefore, they are classified as Level 2.

Derivatives and other—This category includes assets and liabilities that are futures or swaps traded on a primary exchange and are priced by multiple providers. Accordingly, the Company classified these assets and liabilities as Level 1. This category also includes various other assets in which carrying value approximates fair value.

Real estate—The fair market value of real estate investment trusts is based on observable inputs for similar assets in active markets, for instance, appraisals and market comparables. Accordingly, the real estate investments were categorized as Level 2. The Company also invests in certain exchange-traded real estate investment trust funds that were classified as Level 1.

Private equity—Includes the Company's interest in various private equity funds that are valued by the investment manager on a periodic basis with models that use market, income and cost valuation methods. The valuation inputs are not highly observable, and these interests are not actively traded on an open market. Accordingly, this interest was categorized as Level 3.

The valuation methodologies described above may generate a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or future fair values. While the Company believes the valuation methodologies used are appropriate, the use of different methodologies or assumptions in calculating fair value could result in different amounts. The Company invests in various assets in which valuation is determined by NAV. The Company believes that the NAV is representative of fair value at the reporting date, as there are no significant restrictions on redemption on these investments or other reasons to indicate that the investment would be redeemed at an amount different than the NAV.

The fair values of the Company's pension plan assets at December 31, 2010, by asset category are as follows:

 

The fair values of the Company's other postretirement benefit plan assets at December 31, 2010, by asset category are as follows:

 

The following table provides a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company's Level 3 assets:

 

     Private
Equity
                     

Balance at January 1, 2009

   $ 2.5           

Unrealized losses—net

     (1.0        

Purchases, sales and settlements

     5.4           
                                  

Balance at December 31, 2009

   $ 6.9           
                                  

Unrealized losses—net

     (0.3        

Purchases, sales and settlements

     8.9           
                                  

Balance at December 31, 2010

   $ 15.5           
                                  

 

Income Taxes
Income Taxes

Note 12. Income Taxes

Income taxes have been based on the following components of earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008:

 

     2010      2009     2008  

U.S.

   $ 171.0       $ 123.9      $ 200.5   

Foreign

     152.0         (30.8     (469.8
                         

Total

   $ 323.0       $ 93.1      $ (269.3
                         

The components of income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:

 

     2010     2009     2008  

Federal:

      

Current

   $ 100.1      $ 95.0      $ (49.0

Deferred

     (1.7     (35.5     2.4   

State:

      

Current

     (1.2     21.1        16.2   

Deferred

     (10.3     (2.5     (3.6

Foreign:

      

Current

     41.6        52.5        52.6   

Deferred

     (22.6     (16.1     (102.5
                        

Total

   $ 105.9      $ 114.5      $ (83.9
                        

The following table outlines the reconciliation of differences between the Federal statutory tax rate and the Company's effective tax rate:

 

     2010     2009     2008  

Federal statutory rate

     35.0     35.0     35.0

International reorganization

     —          16.9        89.4   

Restructuring and impairment charges

     8.3        91.6        (113.7

Foreign tax rate differential

     (4.8     (51.7     7.0   

State and local income taxes, net of U.S. federal income tax benefit

     (0.2     10.2        (8.3

Adjustment of uncertain tax positions

     (3.1     6.5        6.9   

Adjustment of interest on uncertain tax positions

     0.6        (4.7     3.6   

Change in valuation allowances

     (4.4     27.6        5.4   

Domestic manufacturing deduction

     (2.6     (7.1     —     

Acquisition-related expenses

     1.2        —          —     

Enactment of health care reform act

     1.0        —          —     

Other

     1.8        (1.3     5.9   
                        

Effective income tax rate

     32.8     123.0     31.2
                        

Included in 2010 is a benefit of $19.3 million reflecting the release of a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets due to the forecasted increase in net earnings for certain operations within the Latin America reporting unit.

Included in 2009 is an expense of $15.6 million relating to the reorganization of certain entities within the International segment.

 

Included in 2008 is a benefit of $228.8 million related to the decline in value and reorganization of certain entities within the International segment and $38.0 million from the recognition of uncertain tax positions upon the final settlement of certain U.S. federal income tax audits for the years 2000-2002.

Deferred income taxes

The significant deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:

 

     2010     2009  

Deferred tax assets:

    

Pensions and postretirement

   $ 311.8      $ 321.7   

Accrued liabilities

     174.2        193.5   

Net operating loss and other tax carryforwards

     306.2        306.8   

Other

     101.5        90.0   
                

Total deferred tax assets

     893.7        912.0   

Valuation allowance

     (259.5     (277.5
                

Net deferred tax assets

   $ 634.2      $ 634.5   
                

Deferred tax liabilities:

    

Intangible assets

   $ 335.3      $ 328.8   

Accelerated depreciation

     275.0        295.6   

Investments

     5.7        8.7   

Other

     69.2        46.2   
                

Total deferred tax liabilities

     685.2        679.3   
                

Net deferred tax liabilities

   $ 51.0      $ 44.8   
                

The above amounts are classified as current or long-term in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in accordance with the asset or liability to which they relate on a jurisdiction by jurisdiction basis.

Transactions affecting the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:

 

     2010     2009     2008  

Balance, beginning of year

   $ 277.5      $ 224.7      $ 260.0   

Current year expense (benefit)

     (9.6     69.0        0.8   

Write-offs

     (9.4     (29.8     —     

Foreign exchange and other

     1.0        13.6        (36.1
                        

Balance, end of year

   $ 259.5      $ 277.5      $ 224.7   
                        

As of December 31, 2010, the Company had domestic and foreign net operating loss and other tax carryforwards of approximately $26.1 million and $280.1 million, respectively ($17.2 million and $289.6 million, respectively, at December 31, 2009), of which $173.3 million expire between 2011 and 2020. Limitations on the utilization of these tax assets may apply. The Company has provided a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying value of certain deferred tax assets, as management has concluded that, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be fully realized. During 2010, the valuation allowance decreased $18.0 million, primarily due to a $19.3 million release of a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets due to the forecasted increase in net earnings for certain operations within the Latin America reporting unit.

 

Deferred U.S. income taxes and foreign withholding taxes are not provided on the excess of the investment value for financial reporting over the tax basis of investments in those foreign subsidiaries, for which such excess is considered to be permanently reinvested in those operations. The Company has recognized deferred tax liabilities of $4.1 million as of December 31, 2010, related to certain foreign earnings which are not considered to be permanently reinvested.

Cash payments for income taxes were $181.1 million, $198.9 million and $241.6 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Cash refunds for income taxes were $52.0 million, $164.1 million and $9.2 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

The Company's income taxes payable for federal and state purposes has been reduced by the tax benefits associated with dispositions of employee stock options. The Company receives an income tax benefit calculated as the tax effect of the difference between the fair market value of the stock issued at the time of exercise and the option price. These benefits were credited directly to RR Donnelley shareholders' equity and amounted to $1.1 million in 2010 and $0.4 million in 2008. There were no types of these benefits in 2009.

For the year ended December 31, 2010, the changes in other comprehensive income were net of tax provisions of $0.3 million related to the change in the fair value of derivatives and $26.6 million related to the change in funded status for pension and postretirement plans and the adjustment for net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs. For the year ended December 31, 2009, the changes in other comprehensive income were net of tax benefits of $36.2 million related to the change in funded status for pension and postretirement plans and related to the adjustment for net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost and net of tax provisions of $1.5 million related to changes in the fair value of derivatives. For the year ended December 31, 2008, the changes in other comprehensive income were net of tax benefits of $493.1 million related to the change in funded status for pension and postretirement plans and related to the adjustment for net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost, as well as net of tax provisions of $13.0 million related to unrealized foreign currency gains and $1.3 million related to changes in the fair value of derivatives.

Uncertain tax positions

Changes in the Company's unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:

 

     2010     2009     2008  

Balance at beginning of year

   $ 176.4      $ 162.9      $ 212.2   

Additions for tax positions of the current year

     10.2        19.2        19.3   

Additions for tax positions of prior years

     9.5        2.4        14.1   

Reductions for tax positions of prior years

     (18.1     (3.5     (48.1

Settlements during the year

     (9.6     (1.5     (17.2

Lapses of applicable statutes of limitations

     (13.6     (7.3     (12.5

Foreign exchange and other

     2.3        4.2        (4.9
                        

Balance at end of year

   $ 157.1      $ 176.4      $ 162.9   
                        

As of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company had $157.1 million, $176.4 million and $162.9 million, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits. Unrecognized tax benefits of $111.3 million as of December 31, 2010, if recognized, would have decreased income taxes and the corresponding effective income tax rate and increased net earnings. This potential impact on net earnings (loss) reflects the reduction of these unrecognized tax benefits, net of certain deferred tax assets and the federal tax benefit of state income tax items. The Company recognized $9.3 million and $0.3 million of previously unrecognized federal and state tax benefits, respectively, due to settlements during the year. The Company recognized $4.7 million and $8.9 million, respectively of previously unrecognized state and international tax benefits, due to the expiration of statutes of limitations and resolution of audits during the year. As a result, the Company recorded $13.6 million as a decrease in income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2010.

As of December 31, 2010, it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will decrease within 12 months by as much as $77.6 million due to resolution of audits or expirations of statutes of limitations related to U.S. federal and state tax positions.

The Company classifies interest expense and any related penalties related to income tax uncertainties as a component of income tax expense. The total interest expense, net of tax benefits, related to remaining tax uncertainties recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 was $1.9 million, $6.2 million and $8.9 million, respectively. Penalties in the amount of $0.9 million, $0.7 million and $1.0 million, respectively, were recognized for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. Accrued interest of $52.5 million and $52.1 million related to income tax uncertainties were reported as a component of other noncurrent liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Accrued penalties of $6.7 million and $5.8 million related to income tax uncertainties were reported in other noncurrent liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

The Company has tax years from 2000 that remain open and subject to examination by the IRS, certain state taxing authorities and certain foreign tax jurisdictions.

Tax Holidays

The Company has been granted "tax holidays" in certain foreign countries as an incentive to attract international investment. Generally, a tax holiday is an agreement between the Company and a foreign government under which the Company receives certain tax benefits in that country, such as exemption from taxation on profits derived from export related activities. The Company's tax holiday agreements expire in 2011. The aggregate effect on income tax expense in 2010, 2009 and 2008, as a result of these agreements, was approximately $8.1 million, $10.6 million and $15.3 million, respectively.

Debt
Debt

Note 13. Debt

The Company's debt at December 31, 2010 and 2009 consists of the following:

 

     2010     2009  

Credit facility borrowings

   $ 120.0      $ —     

4.95% senior notes due May 15, 2010

     —          325.7   

5.625% senior notes due January 15, 2012

     158.6        158.5   

4.95% senior notes due April 1, 2014

     599.2        599.0   

5.50% senior notes due May 15, 2015

     499.6        499.6   

8.60% senior notes due August 15, 2016

     346.0        345.3   

6.125% senior notes due January 15, 2017

     622.0        621.5   

11.25% senior notes due February 1, 2019

     400.0        400.0   

7.625% senior notes due June 15, 2020

     400.0        —     

8.875% debentures due April 15, 2021

     80.9        80.9   

6.625% debentures due April 15, 2029

     199.3        199.3   

8.820% debentures due April 15, 2031

     68.9        68.9   

Other, including capital leases

     35.5        23.7   
                

Total debt

     3,530.0        3,322.4   

Less: current portion

     (131.4     (339.9
                

Long-term debt

   $ 3,398.6      $ 2,982.5   
                

 

The fair values of the senior notes and debentures, which were based upon interest rates available to the Company for borrowings with similar teams and maturities, were determined to be Level 2 under the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the Company's debt was greater than its book value by approximately $259.3 million and $177.9 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

On December 17, 2010, the Company entered into a $1.75 billion unsecured and committed revolving credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement") which expires December 17, 2013, subject to a possible one-year extension if agreed to by the lending financial institutions. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate dependent on the Company's credit ratings at the time of borrowing that will be calculated according to a base Eurocurrency rate plus an applicable margin. The Company will pay annual commitment fees at rates dependent on the Company's credit ratings. The Credit Agreement replaced the Company's previous $2.0 billion unsecured and committed revolving credit facility (the "previous Facility"). All amounts outstanding under the previous Facility were repaid with borrowings under the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement will be used for general corporate purposes, including letters of credit and as a backstop for the Company's commercial paper program. The Credit Agreement is subject to a number of financial covenants that, in part, may limit the use of proceeds, and the ability of the Company to create liens on assets, incur subsidiary debt, engage in mergers and consolidations, or dispose of assets. The financial covenants require a minimum interest coverage ratio and maximum leverage ratio.

On June 21, 2010, the Company issued $400.0 million of 7.625% senior notes due June 15, 2020. Interest on the notes is payable semi-annually on June 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing on December 15, 2010. The net proceeds from the offering were used to repay borrowings under the previous Facility and for general corporate purposes.

On August 26, 2009, the Company issued $350.0 million of 8.60% senior notes due August 15, 2016. Interest on the notes is payable semi-annually on February 15 and August 15 of each year, commencing on February 15, 2010. The net proceeds from the offering, along with borrowings under the previous Facility and cash on hand, were used to repurchase $466.4 million of the 5.625% senior notes due January 15, 2012 and $174.2 million of the 4.95% senior notes due May 15, 2010. These repurchases resulted in a pre-tax loss on debt extinguishment of $10.3 million, which is reflected in investment and other expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2009.

On January 14, 2009, the Company issued $400.0 million of 11.25% senior notes due February 1, 2019. Interest on the notes is payable semi-annually on February 1 and August 1 of each year, commencing on August 1, 2009. The net proceeds from the offering were used to pay down short-term debt. If the Company experiences certain downgrades in its credit ratings, these notes would be subject to a coupon step-up resulting in higher interest payments.

As of December 31, 2010, the Company had $120.0 million of borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement. The proceeds from these borrowings were used to repay borrowings under the previous Facility. The borrowings under the previous Facility, along with cash on hand, were used to fund the acquisition of Bowne. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings during the year ended December 31, 2010 was 1.27% per annum.

Additionally, the Company had $107.4 million in credit facilities (the "Foreign Facilities") at its foreign locations, most of which are uncommitted. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, total borrowings under the Credit Agreement, the previous Facility and the Foreign Facilities (the "Combined Facilities") were $129.1 million and $12.7 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2010, the Company had $57.0 million in outstanding letters of credit. At December 31, 2010, approximately $1.7 billion was available under the Company's Combined Facilities, of which the Company may borrow approximately $1.4 billion, as borrowings above $1.4 billion would cause the Company to violate certain debt covenants in the Facility.

 

The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as of December 31, 2010, and is expected to remain in compliance based on management's estimates of operating and financial results for 2011 and the foreseeable future.

At December, 31, 2010, the future maturities of debt, including capitalized leases, consisted of the following:

 

     Amount  

2011

   $ 131.4   

2012

     160.3   

2013

     0.9   

2014

     600.9   

2015

     504.0   

2016 and thereafter

     2,125.6   
        

Total

   $ 3,523.1   
        

The following table summarizes interest expense included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations:

 

     2010     2009     2008  

Interest incurred

   $ 233.3      $ 246.6      $ 240.6   

Less: interest income

     (9.1     (9.9     (11.7

Less: interest capitalized as property, plant and equipment

     (1.6     (2.1     (2.5
                        

Interest expense, net

   $ 222.6      $ 234.6      $ 226.4   
                        

Interest paid was $235.2 million, $226.5 million and $223.8 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Derivatives
Derivatives

Note 14. Derivatives

All derivatives are recorded as other current or noncurrent assets or other current or noncurrent liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at their respective fair values with unrealized gains and losses recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes, or in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, depending on the purpose for which the derivative is held. For derivatives designated and that qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative, as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk, are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that do not meet the criteria for designation as a hedge at inception, or fail to meet the criteria thereafter, are recognized currently in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. At the inception of a hedge transaction, the Company formally documents the hedge relationship and the risk management objective for undertaking the hedge. In addition, the Company assesses both at inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivative in the hedging transaction has been highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of the hedged item and whether the derivative is expected to continue to be highly effective. The impact of any ineffectiveness is recognized currently in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company is exposed to the impact of foreign currency fluctuations in certain countries in which it operates. The exposure to foreign currency movements is limited in most countries because the operating revenues and expenses of its various subsidiaries and business units are substantially in the local currency of the country in which they operate. To the extent borrowings, sales, purchases, revenues, expenses or other transactions are not in the local currency of the operating unit, the Company is exposed to currency risk. Periodically, the Company uses foreign exchange forward contracts and cross-currency swaps to hedge exposures resulting from foreign exchange fluctuations. Accordingly, the implied gains and losses associated with the fair values of foreign currency exchange contracts and cross-currency swaps are generally offset by gains and losses on underlying payables, receivables and net investments in foreign subsidiaries. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The Company has entered into foreign exchange forward contracts in order to manage the currency exposure of certain receivables and liabilities. The foreign exchange forward contracts were not designated as hedges, and accordingly, the fair value gains or losses from these foreign currency derivatives are recognized currently in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, generally offsetting the foreign exchange gains or losses on the exposures being managed. The aggregate notional value of the forward contracts at December 31, 2010 and 2009 was $100.9 million and $437.0 million, respectively. The fair values of foreign exchange forward contracts were determined to be Level 2 under the fair value hierarchy and are valued using market exchange rates.

On April 9, 2010, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements to manage interest rate risk exposure. The interest rate swap agreements effectively changed the interest rate on $600 million of its fixed-rate senior notes to floating rate LIBOR plus a basis point spread. These interest rate swaps, with a notional value of $600 million, are designated as fair value hedges against changes in the value of the Company's 4.95% senior notes due April 14, 2014, which are attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate. The Company evaluates the credit value adjustments of the interest rate swap agreements, which take into account the possibility of counterparty and the Company's own default, on at least a quarterly basis. The Company's agreements with each of its counterparties contain a provision where the Company could be declared in default on its derivative obligations if it either defaults or, in certain cases, is capable of being declared in default of any of its indebtedness greater than specified thresholds. These agreements also contain a provision where the Company could be declared in default subsequent to a merger or restructuring type event if the creditworthiness of the resulting entity is materially weaker. The fair values of the interest rate swaps were determined to be Level 2 under the fair value hierarchy and are valued using market interest rates.

At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the total fair value of the Company's foreign exchange forward contracts and fair value hedges and the accounts in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in which the fair value amounts are included are shown below:

 

      2010      2009  

Derivatives not designated as hedges

     

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

   $ 0.5       $ 1.3   

Accrued liabilities

     0.3         6.8   

Derivatives designated as fair value hedges

     

Other noncurrent assets

   $ 16.8       $ —     

The pre-tax gains (losses) related to derivatives not designated as hedges recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 are shown in the table below:

 

    

Classification of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in the Consolidated
Statements of Operations

   2010     2009     2008  

Derivatives not designated as hedges

         

Foreign exchange forward contracts

   Selling, general and administrative expenses    $ (2.5   $ (13.7   $ —     
                           

Total loss recognized in the consolidated statements of operations

      $ (2.5   $ (13.7   $ —     
                           

 

For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, the pre-tax gains (losses) related to the hedged items, attributable to changes in the hedged benchmark interest rate, and the offsetting gain or loss on the related interest rate swaps for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 are shown in the table below:

 

    

Classification of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in the Consolidated
Statements of Operations

   2010     2009      2008  

Fair Value Hedges

          

Interest rate swaps

   Investment and other expense    $ 16.8      $ —         $ —     

Hedged items

   Investment and other expense      (14.7     —           —     
                            

Total gain recognized as ineffectiveness in the consolidated statements of operations

   Investment and other expense    $ 2.1      $ —         $ —     
                            

The Company also recognized a net reduction to interest expense of $6.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 related to the Company's fair value hedges, which includes interest accruals on the derivatives and amortization of the basis in the hedged items.

Terminated Derivatives

In October 2008, the Company terminated its outstanding cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of $1,130.8 million, which were used to hedge against fluctuations in currency rates of the British pound sterling and Euro. This termination resulted in net pre-tax cash proceeds to the Company of $22.5 million and recognition of a pre-tax loss of $9.9 million during 2008. These cross-currency swaps consisted of British pound sterling ("GBP") swaps, which exchanged GBP for U.S. dollars, Eurodollar ("EUR") swaps, which exchanged EUR for U.S. dollars and GBP swaps, which exchanged GBP for EUR. These swaps required the Company to pay a fixed interest rate on the GBP notional amount and receive a fixed interest rate on the U.S. dollar notional amount and pay a fixed interest rate on the GBP notional amount and receive a fixed interest rate on the EUR notional amount, respectively.

In May 2005, the Company terminated its interest rate lock agreements which were used to hedge against fluctuations in interest rates. This termination resulted in a loss of $12.9 million recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, which was being recognized in interest expense over the term of the hedged forecasted interest payments. During the third quarter of 2009, the Company repurchased $174.2 million of the 4.95% senior notes due May 15, 2010 which were hedged as part of the interest rate lock agreements. A pre-tax loss of $2.7 million was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to investment and other expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as a result of the change in expected forecasted interest payments for the senior notes due May 15, 2010. At December 31, 2010, a balance of $2.2 million remains in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), of which $0.4 million is expected to be reclassified to interest expense in 2011.

Earnings per Share
Earnings per Share

Note 15. Earnings per Share

 

     2010      2009     2008  

Numerator:

       

Net earnings (loss) attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders

   $ 221.7       $ (27.3   $ (189.9

Denominator:

       

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding

     206.4         205.2        210.2   

Dilutive options and awards(a)

     3.3         —          —     
                         

Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding

     209.7         205.2        210.2   
                         

Net earnings (loss) per share attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders:

       

Basic

   $ 1.07       $ (0.13   $ (0.90
                         

Diluted

   $ 1.06       $ (0.13   $ (0.90
                         

Cash dividends paid per common share

   $ 1.04       $ 1.04      $ 1.04   

During the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, no shares of common stock were purchased by the Company in the open market. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company purchased in the open market 10.0 million shares of its common stock at a total cost of $278.8 million.

Stock and Incentive Programs for Employees
Stock and Incentive Programs for Employees

Note 16. Stock and Incentive Programs for Employees

The Company recognizes compensation expense, based on estimated grant date fair values, for all share-based awards issued to employees and directors, including stock options and restricted stock units. The Company estimates the fair value of share-based awards on the date of grant, using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. The Company recognizes these compensation costs for only those awards expected to vest, on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting term of three to four years for restricted stock awards and stock options. The Company estimated the number of awards expected to vest based, in part, on historical forfeiture rates and also based on management's expectations of employee turnover within the specific employee groups receiving each type of award. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods, if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

Share-Based Compensation Expense

The total compensation expense related to all share-based compensation plans was $28.6 million, $24.0 million and $21.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The income tax benefit related to share-based compensation expense was $11.2 million, $9.6 million and $8.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. As of December 31, 2010, $33.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to share-based compensation plans is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years. The total unrecognized share-based compensation cost to be recognized in future periods as of December 31, 2010 does not consider the effect of share-based awards that may be issued in subsequent periods.

 

Share-Based Compensation Plans

The Company has one share-based compensation plan under which it may grant future awards, as described below, and seven terminated or expired share-based compensation plans under which awards remain outstanding.

RR Donnelley 2004 Performance Incentive Plan

The 2004 Performance Incentive Plan (the "2004 PIP") was approved by shareholders to provide incentives to key employees of the Company and its subsidiaries. Awards under the 2004 PIP are generally not restricted to any specific form or structure and could include, without limitation, stock options, stock units, restricted stock awards, cash or stock bonuses and stock appreciation rights. There are 17 million shares of common stock of the Company reserved and authorized for issuance under the 2004 PIP, as amended.

General Terms of Awards

Under various incentive plans, the Company has granted certain employees non-qualified stock options and restricted stock units. The Human Resources Committee of the Board of Directors has discretion to establish the terms and conditions for grants, including the number of shares, vesting and required service or other performance criteria. The maximum term of any award under the 2004 PIP is ten years. At December 31, 2010, there were 4.2 million shares of common stock authorized and available for grant under the 2004 PIP.

For all of the Company's stock options outstanding at December 31, 2010, the exercise price of the stock option equals the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the option grant date. Options generally vest over four years or less from the date of grant, upon retirement or upon a change in control of the Company. Options granted prior to November 2004 and after December 2006 expire ten years from the date of grant or five years after the date of retirement, whichever is earlier, while options granted between November 2004 and December 2006 expire five years from the date of grant.

The rights granted to the recipient of restricted stock unit awards generally accrue ratably over the restriction or vesting period, which is generally four years or less, except that restricted stock units awarded in March 2008 vest 100% on the fourth anniversary of the grant. Restricted stock unit awards are subject to forfeiture upon termination of employment prior to vesting, subject in some cases to early vesting upon specified events, including death or permanent disability of the grantee, termination of the grantee's employment under certain circumstances or a change in control of the Company. The Company records compensation expense of restricted stock unit awards based on the fair market value of the awards at the date of grant ratably over the period during which the restrictions lapse. Dividends are not paid to restricted stock unit holders that are not yet vested.

The Company also issues restricted stock units as share-based compensation for members of the Board of Directors. Director restricted stock units granted after January 2009 vest ratably over three years from the date of grant with the opportunity to defer any tranche of vesting restricted stock units until termination of service on the Board of Directors. Awards granted between January 2008 and January 2009 vest ratably over three years from the date of grant and were amended in May 2009 to provide the opportunity to defer any tranche of vesting restricted stock units until termination of service on the Board of Directors. For awards granted prior to January 2008, one-third of the restricted stock units vest on the third anniversary of the grant date, and the remaining two-thirds of the restricted stock units vest upon termination of the holder's service on the Board of Directors; the holder could also elect to defer delivery of the initial one-third of the restricted stock units until termination of service on the Board of Directors. In the event of termination of service on the Board of Directors prior to a vesting date, all restricted stock units will vest. All awards granted prior to December 31, 2007 are payable in shares of common stock or cash. In 2009, the option to have awards paid in cash was removed for awards granted in 2008 and future years. Awards that may be paid in cash are classified as liability awards due to their expected settlement in cash, and are included in accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Compensation expense for these awards is measured based upon the fair market value of the awards at the end of each reporting period. Awards payable only in shares are classified as equity awards due to their expected settlement in common stock. Compensation expense for these awards is measured based upon the fair market value of the awards at the date of grant. Dividend equivalents are accrued for shares awarded to the Board of Directors and paid in the form of cash.

Stock Options

The Company granted 540,0001,520,468 and 754,000 stock options in the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The fair market value of each stock option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. The fair market value of the stock options was determined using the following assumptions:

 

     2010     2009     2008  

Expected volatility

     35.61     29.67     22.78

Risk-free interest rate

     2.75     2.27     2.96

Expected life (years)

     6.25        6.25        6.25   

Expected dividend yield

     4.19     3.63     3.31

The grant date fair market value of options granted was $4.81, $1.47 and $5.63 for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

The following table is a summary of the Company's 2010 stock option activity:

 

     Shares
Under
Option
(thousands)
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(years)
     Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(millions)
 

Outstanding at December 31, 2009

     4,168      $ 20.17         6.4       $ 26.6   

Granted

     540        19.89         9.2      

Exercised

     (265     9.04         

Cancelled/forfeited/expired

     (288     21.51         
                

Outstanding at December 31, 2010

     4,155        20.80         6.3         14.4   
                

Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2010

     4,155        20.80         6.3         14.4   

Exercisable at December 31, 2010

     427      $ 8.89         6.9       $ 3.7   

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between the Company's closing stock price on December 31, 2010 and 2009 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on December 31, 2010 and 2009. This amount will change in future periods based on the fair market value of the Company's stock and the number of options outstanding. Total intrinsic value of options exercised for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 was $3.0 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

Compensation expense recognized related to stock options for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 was $3.1 million, $2.4 million and $2.5 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2010, $4.7 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.3 years.

 

Cash received from the option exercises as of and for the year ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 was $2.4 million, $1.5 million and $1.8 million, respectively. The actual tax benefit realized for the tax deduction from option exercises totaled $1.1 million, $0.1 million and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Excess tax benefits on stock option exercises shown as financing cash inflows as a component in issuance of common stock, net in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, were $0.8 million and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2008, respectively. There were no excess tax benefits on stock option exercises for the year ended December 31, 2009.

Restricted Stock Units

Nonvested restricted stock unit awards as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and changes during the year ended December 31, 2010 were as follows:

 

     Shares
(thousands)
    Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 

Nonvested at December 31, 2009

     5,480      $ 11.08   

Granted

     1,518        17.41   

Vested

     (1,513     11.13   

Forfeited

     (55     12.97   
                

Nonvested at December 31, 2010

     5,430      $ 12.96   
                

Compensation expense recognized related to restricted stock units was $25.5 million, $21.6 million and $21.3 million, for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. As of December 31, 2010, there was $28.6 million of unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to nonvested restricted stock unit awards. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years. As of December 31, 2010, approximately 5.4 million restricted stock unit awards, with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $12.96, are expected to vest over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years.

Performance Share Unit Awards

No performance share unit awards were granted during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company granted performance share unit awards to certain executive officers. Distributions under these awards were payable at the end of the performance period in common stock or cash, at the Company's discretion. Had certain performance targets been achieved, the amount payable under these awards could have reached 250% of the initial award. The performance period ended December 31, 2009 and the minimum performance targets for these awards were not reached. Therefore, no shares were awarded pursuant to these units and the units expired per the terms of the awards.

There was no compensation expense recognized related to performance share unit awards for the year ended December 31, 2010 and 2009. During 2008, compensation expense related to the awards granted in 2007 was reversed in the amount of $1.9 million, because the Company no longer expected the required performance targets to be achieved. No additional 2008 expense was recorded.

 

Board of Directors Liability Awards

At December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, approximately 145,459158,633 and 223,000, respectively, restricted stock units issued to directors were outstanding for liability awards. For the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, the compensation expense recorded for these awards was $0.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company recorded income of $3.0 million due to declines in the Company's stock price. The Board of Directors equity awards are included above in the section "Restricted Stock Units."

Other Information

Authorized unissued shares or treasury shares may be used for issuance under the Company's share-based compensation plans. The Company intends to use treasury shares of its common stock to meet the stock requirements of its awards in the future. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company purchased in the open market 10 million shares of its common stock at a total cost of $278.8 million. On October 29, 2008, the Company's Board of Directors approved a new share repurchase program, authorizing the repurchase of up to 10 million shares. As of December 31, 2010, no shares had been repurchased under this program.

Preferred Stock
Preferred Stock

Note 17. Preferred Stock

The Company has two million shares of $1.00 par value preferred stock authorized for issuance. The Board of Directors may divide the preferred stock into one or more series and fix the redemption, dividend, voting, conversion, sinking fund, liquidation and other rights. The Company has no present plans to issue any preferred stock.

Segment Information
Segment Information

Note 18. Segment Information

The Company operates primarily in the printing industry, with related service offerings designed to offer customers complete solutions for communicating their messages to target audiences. The Company's reportable segments reflect the management reporting structure of the organization and the manner in which the chief operating decision-maker regularly assesses information for decision-making purposes, including the allocation of resources. The Company's segments and their products and service offerings are summarized below:

U.S. Print and Related Services

The U.S. Print and Related Services segment includes the Company's U.S. printing operations, managed as one integrated platform, along with related logistics, premedia and print-management services. This segment's products and related service offerings include magazines, catalogs, retail inserts, books, directories, financial print, direct mail, forms, labels, office products, statement printing, premedia and logistics services.

The U.S. Print and Related Services segment accounted for approximately 75% of the Company's consolidated net sales in 2010.

International

The International segment includes the Company's non-U.S. printing operations in Asia, Europe, Latin America and Canada. This segment's products and related service offerings include magazines, catalogs, retail inserts, books, directories, financial print, direct mail, forms, labels, statement printing, premedia and logistics services. Additionally, this segment includes the Company's business process outsourcing and Global Turnkey Solutions operations. Business process outsourcing provides transactional print and outsourcing services, statement printing, direct mail and print management services through its operations in Europe, Asia and North America. Global Turnkey Solutions provides outsourcing capabilities, including product configuration, customized kitting and order fulfillment for technology, medical device and other companies around the world through its operations in Europe, North America and Asia.

The International segment accounted for approximately 25% of the Company's consolidated net sales in 2010.

Corporate

Corporate consists of unallocated general and administrative activities and associated expenses including, in part, executive, legal, finance, information technology, human resources, certain facility costs and LIFO inventory provisions. In addition, certain costs and earnings of employee benefit plans, primarily components of net pension and postretirement benefits expense other than service cost, are included in Corporate and not allocated to operating segments.

 

The Company has disclosed income (loss) from continuing operations as the primary measure of segment earnings (loss). This is the measure of profitability used by the Company's chief operating decision-maker and is most consistent with the presentation of profitability reported within the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

    Total Sales     Intersegment
Sales
    Net
Sales
    Income (loss)
from
continuing
operations
    Assets of
Continuing
Operations
    Depreciation
and
Amortization
    Capital
Expenditures
 

Year ended December 31, 2010

             

U.S. Print and Related Services

  $ 7,558.7      $ (26.5   $ 7,532.2      $ 638.9      $ 6,495.7      $ 391.8      $ 99.2   

International

    2,538.6        (51.9     2,486.7        149.5        2,460.9        115.2        88.4   
                                                       

Total operating segments

    10,097.3        (78.4     10,018.9        788.4        8,956.6        507.0        187.6   

Corporate(1)

    —          —          —          (232.9     126.6        32.2        41.8   
                                                       

Total continuing operations

  $ 10,097.3      $ (78.4   $ 10,018.9      $ 555.5      $ 9,083.2      $ 539.2      $ 229.4   
                                                       

Year ended December 31, 2009

             

U.S. Print and Related Services

  $ 7,464.5      $ (27.5   $ 7,437.0      $ 489.2      $ 6,317.5      $ 422.2      $ 101.4   

International

    2,477.1        (56.7     2,420.4        (36.0     2,221.8        122.6        60.9   
                                                       

Total operating segments

    9,941.6        (84.2     9,857.4        453.2        8,539.3        544.8        162.3   

Corporate(1)

    —          —          —          (108.9     208.3        34.2        32.7   
                                                       

Total continuing operations

  $ 9,941.6      $ (84.2   $ 9,857.4      $ 344.3      $ 8,747.6      $ 579.0      $ 195.0   
                                                       

Year ended December 31, 2008

             

U.S. Print and Related Services

  $ 8,722.9      $ (18.7   $ 8,704.2      $ 708.9      $ 7,108.3      $ 432.9      $ 187.9   

International

    2,937.0        (59.6     2,877.4        (564.6     1,975.6        166.4        104.4   
                                                       

Total operating segments

    11,659.9        (78.3     11,581.6        144.3        9,083.9        599.3        292.3   

Corporate(1)

    —          —          —          (184.8     410.4        41.3        30.6   
                                                       

Total continuing operations

  $ 11,659.9      $ (78.3   $ 11,581.6      $ (40.5   $ 9,494.3      $ 640.6      $ 322.9   
                                                       

(1) Corporate assets consist primarily of the following items at December 31, 2010: fixed assets of $64.6 million and deferred compensation plan assets of $46.5 million; December 31, 2009: fixed assets of $65.4 million and deferred compensation plan assets of $50.0 million; and December 31, 2008: fixed assets of $65.9 million, cash and cash equivalents of $60.0 million, deferred compensation plan assets of $44.5 million, investments in affordable housing of $27.4 million and benefit plan assets of $14.3 million, .

Restructuring and impairment charges by segment for 2010, 2009 and 2008 are described in Note 3.

Geographic Area and Product and Services Information
Geographic Area and Product and Services Information

Note 19. Geographic Area and Products and Services Information

The table below presents net sales and long-lived assets by geographic region. The amounts in this table differ from the segment data presented in Note 18 because each operating segment includes operations in multiple geographic regions, based on the Company's management reporting structure.

 

 

New Accounting Pronouncements
New Accounting Pronouncements

Note 20. New Accounting Pronouncements

In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-06 "Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (Topic 820): Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements" ("ASU 2010-06"), which requires additional disclosures regarding transfers between Levels 1, 2 and 3 of the fair value hierarchy, as well as a more detailed reconciliation of recurring Level 3 measurements. Certain aspects of ASU 2010-06 were effective and adopted by the Company in the first quarter of 2010. However, this adoption did not have and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, annual results of operations or cash flows.

 

In February 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-09 "Subsequent Events (Topic 855): Amendments to Certain Recognition and Disclosure Requirements" ("ASU 2010-09"), which amends the Subsequent Events Topic by no longer requiring an SEC filer to disclose the date through which subsequent events have been evaluated. ASU 2010-09 was adopted in the first quarter of 2010 and did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, annual results of operations or cash flows.

In July 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-20 "Receivables (Topic 310): Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses" ("ASU 2010-20"), which amends existing disclosure requirements and requires additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures concerning financing receivables, credit risk exposures and the allowance for credit losses. Certain aspects of ASU 2010-20 were effective and adopted by the Company in the fourth quarter of 2010. However, this adoption of ASU 2010-20 did not have and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, annual results of operations or cash flows.

In December 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-29 "Business Combinations (Topic 805): Disclosures of Supplementary Pro Forma Information for Business Combinations" ("ASU 2010-29"), which specifies that pro forma disclosures should be reported as if the business combination that occurred during the current year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period and the pro forma disclosures must include a description of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments. ASU 2010-29 will be effective for the Company's business combinations with an acquisition date of January 1, 2011 or later. The adoption of ASU 2010-29 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, annual results of operations or cash flows.

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policy)

Basis of Presentation—The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company and its subsidiaries (the "Company" or "RR Donnelley") and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The accounts of businesses acquired during 2010, 2009 and 2008 are included in the consolidated financial statements from the dates of acquisition (see Note 2).

Nature of Operations—The Company is a global provider of integrated communications which works collaboratively with more than 60,000 customers worldwide to develop custom communications solutions that reduce costs, enhance return on investment and ensure compliance. Drawing on a range of proprietary and commercially available digital and conventional technologies deployed across four continents, the Company employs a suite of leading Internet-based capabilities and other resources to provide premedia, printing, logistics and business process outsourcing products and services to leading clients in virtually every private and public sector.

Use of Estimates—The preparation of consolidated financial statements, in conformity with GAAP, requires the extensive use of management's estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Estimates are used when accounting for items and matters including, but not limited to, allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, inventory obsolescence, asset valuations and useful lives, employee benefits, self-insurance reserves, taxes, restructuring and other provisions and contingencies.

Foreign Operations—Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate existing at the respective balance sheet dates. Income and expense items are translated at the average rates during the respective periods. Translation adjustments resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates are recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss) within shareholders' equity while transaction gains and losses are recorded in net income (loss). As of December 31, 2009, the three-year cumulative inflation for Venezuela using the blended Consumer Price Index and National Consumer Price Index exceeded 100%. As a result, as of January 1, 2010, Venezuela's economy was considered highly inflationary and the financial statements of the Company's Venezuelan entity were remeasured as if the functional currency were the U.S. Dollar. Consistent with historical practices and the Company's future intent, the financial statements were remeasured based on the official rate. On January 8, 2010, the government of Venezuela changed its primary fixed exchange rate from 2.15 Bolivars per U.S. Dollar to 4.3 Bolivars per U.S. Dollar, devaluing the Bolivar by 50%. This devaluation resulted in a pre-tax loss of $8.9 million ($8.1 million after-tax) and a reduction in income attributable to noncontrolling interest of $3.6 million

Fair Value Measurements—Certain assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, while other assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, generally as a result of impairment charges. Fair value is determined based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The Company records the fair value of its foreign exchange forward contracts, interest rate swaps, pension plan assets and other postretirement plan assets on a recurring basis. Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include long-lived assets held and used, long-lived assets held for sale, goodwill and other intangible assets. The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, short-term debt and accounts payable approximate their carrying values. The three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes valuation methodologies based on the reliability of the inputs, is:

Level 1Valuations based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.

 

Level 2Valuations based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting the Company's own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants.

Revenue Recognition—The Company recognizes revenue for the majority of its products upon transfer of title and the passage of the risk of loss, which is generally upon shipment to the customer. Contracts generally specify F.O.B. shipping point terms. Under agreements with certain customers, custom products may be stored by the Company for future delivery. In these situations, the Company may receive a logistics or warehouse management fee for the services it provides. In certain of these cases, delivery and billing schedules are outlined in the customer agreement and product revenue is recognized when manufacturing is complete, title and risk of loss transfer to the customer, and there is a reasonable assurance as to collectability. Because the majority of products are customized, product returns are not significant; however, the Company accrues for the estimated amount of customer credits at the time of sale.

Revenue from services is recognized as services are performed. Within the Company's financial print operations, which serve the global financial services end market, the Company produces highly customized materials such as regulatory S-filings, initial public offerings, XBRL and EDGAR-related services. Revenue is recognized for these services following final delivery of the printed product or upon completion of the service performed. Revenues related to the Company's premedia operations, which include digital content management, photography, color services and page production, are recognized in accordance with the terms of the contract, typically upon completion of the performed service and acceptance by the customer. With respect to the Company's logistics operations, whose operations include the delivery of printed material and other products, the Company recognizes revenue upon completion of the delivery of services.

The Company records deferred revenue in situations where amounts are invoiced but the revenue recognition criteria outlined above are not met. Such revenue is recognized when all criteria are subsequently met.

Certain revenues earned by the Company require judgment to determine if revenue should be recorded gross as a principal or net of related costs as an agent. Billings for third-party shipping and handling costs, primarily in the Company's logistics operations, and out-of-pocket expenses are recorded gross. In the Company's Global Turnkey Solutions operations, each contract is evaluated using various criteria to determine if revenue for components and other materials should be recognized on a gross or net basis. In general, these revenues are recognized on a gross basis if the Company has control over selecting vendors and pricing, is the primary obligor in the arrangement, bears all credit risk and bears the risk of loss for inventory in its possession. Revenue from contracts that do not meet these criteria is recognized on a net basis. Many of the Company's operations process materials, primarily paper, that may be supplied directly by customers or may be purchased by the Company and sold to customers. No revenue is recognized for customer-supplied paper, but revenues for Company-supplied paper are recognized on a gross basis.

The Company records taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities on a net basis.

By-product recoveries—The Company records the sale of by-products as a reduction of cost of sales.

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents—The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Short-term securities consist of investment grade instruments of governments, financial institutions and corporations.

Long-term restricted cash equivalents—As of December 31, 2009, $41.6 million of restricted cash equivalents was held in trust to cover the December 2010 payment related to the 2009 termination of a significant long-term customer contract in the business process outsourcing reporting unit within the International segment. The long-term restricted cash equivalent was classified within other noncurrent assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Receivables—Receivables are stated net of allowances for doubtful accounts and primarily include trade receivables, notes receivable and miscellaneous receivables from suppliers. No single customer comprised more than 10% of the Company's consolidated net sales in 2010, 2009 or 2008. Specific customer provisions are made when a review of significant outstanding amounts, utilizing information about customer creditworthiness and current economic trends, indicates that collection is doubtful. In addition, provisions are made at differing rates, based upon the age of the receivable and the Company's historical collection experience. See Note 5 for details of activity affecting the allowance for doubtful accounts.

Inventories—Inventories include material, labor and factory overhead and are stated at the lower of cost or market. The cost of approximately 66.9% and 70.4% of the inventories at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, has been determined using the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) method. The decrease in this percentage from 2009 is primarily related to inventory decreases in the U.S. This method reflects the effect of inventory replacement costs within results of operations; accordingly, charges to cost of sales reflect recent costs of material, labor and factory overhead. The Company uses an external-index method of valuing LIFO inventories. The remaining inventories, primarily related to certain acquired and international operations, are valued using the First-In, First-Out (FIFO) or specific identification methods.

Long-lived Assets—The Company assesses potential impairments to its long-lived assets if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are reviewed annually for impairment, or more frequently, if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. An impaired asset is written down to its estimated fair value based upon the most recent information available. Estimated fair market value is generally measured by discounting estimated future cash flows. Long-lived assets, other than goodwill and intangible assets, that are held for sale are recorded at the lower of the carrying value or the fair market value less the estimated cost to sell.

Property, plant and equipment—Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Useful lives range from 15 to 40 years for buildings, the lesser of 7 years or the lease term for leasehold improvements and from 3 to 15 years for machinery and equipment. Maintenance and repair costs are charged to expense as incurred. Major overhauls that extend the useful lives of existing assets are capitalized. When properties are retired or disposed, the costs and accumulated depreciation are eliminated and the resulting profit or loss is recognized in the results of operations.

Goodwill—Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually as of October 31 or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is below its carrying value. In performing this analysis, the Company compares each reporting unit's fair value, estimated based on comparable company market valuations and expected future discounted cash flows to be generated by the reporting unit, to its carrying value. If the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit's fair value, the Company performs an additional fair value measurement calculation to determine the impairment loss, which is charged to operations in the period identified. See Note 3 for further discussion.

Amortization—Certain costs to acquire and develop internal-use computer software are amortized over their estimated useful life using the straight-line method, up to a maximum of five years. Amortization expense related to internally-developed software was $15.3 million, $18.0 million and $23.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Deferred debt issue costs are amortized over the term of the

related debt. Identifiable intangible assets, except for those intangible assets with indefinite lives, are recognized apart from goodwill and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Identifiable intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized.

Financial Instruments—The Company uses derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to interest rate and foreign exchange fluctuations in the ordinary course of business.

All derivatives are recorded as other assets or other liabilities on the balance sheet at their respective fair values with unrealized gains and losses recorded in comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes, or in the results of operations, depending on the purpose for which the derivative is held. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that do not meet the criteria for designation as a hedge at inception, or fail to meet the criteria thereafter, are recognized currently in results of operations. At inception of a hedge transaction, the Company formally documents the hedge relationship and the risk management objective for undertaking the hedge. In addition, the Company assesses, both at inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivative in the hedging transaction has been highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of the hedged item and whether the derivative is expected to continue to be highly effective. The impact of any ineffectiveness is recognized currently in results of operations. See Note 14 for further discussion.

Share-Based Compensation—The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense based on estimated fair values for all share-based awards made to employees and directors, including stock options, restricted stock units and performance share units. The Company recognizes compensation expense for share-based awards expected to vest on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award based on their grant date fair value.

Pension and Postretirement Plans—The Company records annual income and expense amounts relating to its pension and postretirement plans based on calculations which include various actuarial assumptions, including discount rates, mortality, assumed rates of return, compensation increases, turnover rates and healthcare cost trend rates. The Company reviews its actuarial assumptions on an annual basis and makes modifications to the assumptions based on current rates and trends when it is deemed appropriate to do so. The effect of modifications on the value of plan obligations and assets is recognized immediately within other comprehensive income (loss) and amortized into operating earnings over future periods. The Company believes that the assumptions utilized in recording its obligations under its plans are reasonable based on its experience, market conditions and input from its actuaries and investment advisors. See Note 11 for further discussion.

Taxes on Income—Deferred taxes are provided on an asset and liability method whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss carryforwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax basis. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. The Company is regularly audited by foreign and domestic tax authorities. These audits occasionally result in proposed assessments where the ultimate resolution might result in the Company owing additional taxes, including in some cases, penalties and interest. The Company recognizes a tax position in its financial statements when it is more likely than not (i.e., a likelihood of more than fifty percent) that the position would be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. This recognized tax position is then measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Although management believes that its estimates are reasonable, the final outcome of uncertain tax positions may be materially different from that which is reflected in the Company's financial statements. The Company adjusts such reserves upon changes in circumstances that would cause a change to the estimate of the ultimate liability, upon effective settlement or upon the expiration of the statute of limitations, in the period in which such event occurs. See Note 12 for further discussion.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)—Comprehensive income (loss) for the Company consists of net earnings (loss), unrecognized actuarial gains and losses and prior service cost for pension and postretirement benefit plans, changes in the fair value of certain derivative financial instruments and foreign currency translation adjustments and is presented in the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity.

Acquisitions (Tables)
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2008
2010
2009
2010
Final Purchase Price Allocation for Acquisitions
 
Pro Forma Results
 
 
 

Accounts receivable

   $ 17.4   

Inventories

     7.0   

Other current assets

     0.7   

Property, plant and equipment and other long-term assets

     101.8   

Amortizable intangible assets

     15.5   

Goodwill

     33.0   

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

     (29.9

Deferred taxes—net

     (7.0
        

Total purchase price—net of cash acquired

     138.5   

Less: debt assumed and not repaid

     5.9   
        

Net cash paid

   $ 132.6   
        

Accounts receivable

   $ 129.0   

Inventories

     32.1   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     18.1   

Property, plant and equipment and other long-term assets

     127.3   

Amortizable intangible assets

     159.8   

Goodwill

     257.9   

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

     (159.7

Pension benefits and other long-term liabilities

     (76.7

Deferred taxes—net

     (17.6
        

Total purchase price—net of cash acquired

     470.2   

Less: debt assumed

     28.2   
        

Net cash paid

   $ 442.0   
        

Accounts receivable

   $ 2.4   

Property, plant and equipment

     9.2   

Amortizable intangible assets

     11.6   

Goodwill

     6.5   

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

     (2.5

Deferred taxes—net

     (0.6
        

Net cash paid

   $ 26.6   
        
     2010      2009  

Net sales

   $ 10,666.0       $ 10,557.0   

Net earnings (loss) attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders

     221.2         (107.0

Net earnings (loss) per share attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders:

     

Basic

   $ 1.07       $ (0.52
                 

Diluted

   $ 1.05       $ (0.52
                 
Restructuring and Impairment (Tables)
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Restructuring and Impairment
 
 
 
Net Restructuring and Impairment Charges
Restructuring Reserve
 

2010

   Employee
Terminations
     Other
Charges
     Total
Restructuring
     Impairment      Total  

U.S. Print and Related Services

   $ 5.9       $ 24.0       $ 29.9       $ 64.1       $ 94.0   

International

     17.9         4.5         22.4         28.2         50.6   

Corporate

     12.1         1.0         13.1         0.2         13.3   
                                            
   $ 35.9       $ 29.5       $ 65.4       $ 92.5       $ 157.9   
                                            

2009

   Employee
Terminations
     Other
Charges
     Total
Restructuring
     Impairment      Total  

U.S. Print and Related Services

   $ 36.5       $ 19.2       $ 55.7       $ 108.1       $ 163.8   

International

     40.5         124.3         164.8         45.9         210.7   

Corporate

     2.4         5.8         8.2         —           8.2   
                                            
   $ 79.4       $ 149.3       $ 228.7       $ 154.0       $ 382.7   
                                            

2008

   Employee
Terminations
     Other
Charges
     Total
Restructuring
     Impairment      Total  

U.S. Print and Related Services

   $ 22.1       $ 3.7       $ 25.8       $ 380.0       $ 405.8   

International

     21.6         3.4         25.0         749.7         774.7   

Corporate

     0.4         3.5         3.9         0.3         4.2   
                                            
   $ 44.1       $ 10.6       $ 54.7       $ 1,130.0       $ 1,184.7   
                                            
     December 31,
2009
     Restructuring Costs
Charged to Results
of Operations
     Foreign
Exchange and
Other
     Cash Paid     December 31,
2010
 

Employee terminations

   $ 20.4       $ 35.9       $ —         $ (45.1   $ 11.2   

Other

     120.5         29.5         5.8         (113.0     42.8   
                                           

Total

   $ 140.9       $ 65.4       $ 5.8       $ (158.1   $ 54.0   
                                           
     December 31,
2008
     Restructuring Costs
Charged to Results
of Operations
     Foreign
Exchange and
Other
     Cash Paid     December 31,
2009
 

Employee terminations

   $ 23.5       $ 79.4       $ 0.5       $ (83.0   $ 20.4   

Other

     11.1         149.3         3.5         (43.4     120.5   
                                           

Total

   $ 34.6       $ 228.7       $ 4.0       $ (126.4   $ 140.9   
                                           
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Tables)
     December 31, 2010      December 31, 2009  
   Gross
Carrying
Amount
     Accumulated
Amortization
    Net Book
Value
     Gross
Carrying
Amount
     Accumulated
Amortization
    Net Book
Value
 

Trademarks, licenses and agreements

   $ 25.7       $ (23.0   $ 2.7       $ 25.6       $ (22.3   $ 3.3   

Patents

     98.3         (83.6     14.7         98.3         (71.4     26.9   

Customer relationship intangibles

     1,244.3         (519.8     724.5         1,125.0         (440.1     684.9   

Trade names

     22.7         (7.7     15.0         21.4         (7.2     14.2   
                                                   

Total amortizable purchased intangible assets

     1,391.0         (634.1     756.9         1,270.3         (541.0     729.3   

Indefinite-lived trade names

     18.1         —          18.1         18.1         —          18.1   
                                                   

Total purchased intangible assets

   $ 1,409.1       $ (634.1   $ 775.0       $ 1,288.4       $ (541.0   $ 747.4   
                                                   
     December 31, 2010      December 31, 2009  
     Amount      Weighted
Average
Amortization
Period
     Amount      Weighted
Average
Amortization
Period
 

Trademarks, licenses and agreements

   $ —           —         $ 3.6         5.5   

Customer relationship intangibles

     158.3         10.0         8.0         8.0   

Trade names

     1.5         1.5         —           —     
                       

Total additions

   $ 159.8          $ 11.6      
                       
     Amount  

2011

   $ 112.5   

2012

     99.3   

2013

     96.6   

2014

     94.2   

2015

     87.0   

2016 and thereafter

     267.3   
        

Total

   $ 756.9   
        
Accounts Receivable (Tables)
Transactions Affecting the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
     2010     2009     2008  

Balance, beginning of year

   $ 70.3      $ 80.5      $ 63.6   

Provisions charged to expense

     22.8        19.7        52.1   

Write-offs and other

     (22.1     (29.9     (35.2
                        

Balance, end of year

   $ 71.0      $ 70.3      $ 80.5   
                        
Inventories (Tables)
Components of the Company's Inventories
     2010     2009  

Raw materials and manufacturing supplies

   $ 259.6      $ 229.9   

Work in process

     184.3        190.1   

Finished goods

     204.7        219.6   

LIFO reserve

     (88.0     (77.8
                

Total

   $ 560.6      $ 561.8   
                
Property, Plant and Equipment (Tables)
Components of Company's Property, Plant and Equipment
     2010     2009  

Land

   $ 111.4      $ 89.6   

Buildings

     1,197.9        1,140.0   

Machinery and equipment

     6,098.8        6,001.7   
                
     7,408.1        7,231.3   

Less: Accumulated depreciation

     (5,269.4     (4,959.9
                

Total

   $ 2,138.7      $ 2,271.4   
                
Fair Value Measurement (Tables)
Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Accrued Liabilities (Tables)
Components of Accrued Liabilities
     2010      2009  

Employee-related liabilities

   $ 387.3       $ 202.7   

Restructuring liabilities

     28.4         92.2   

Deferred revenue

     129.9         151.4   

Other

     356.6         367.1   
                 

Total accrued liabilities

   $ 902.2       $ 813.4   
                 
Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)
Future Minimum Rental Commitments Under Non-cancelable Operating Leases

Year Ended December 31

   Amount  

2011

   $ 160.8   

2012

     123.2   

2013

     96.4   

2014

     75.2   

2015 and thereafter

     270.3   
        
   $ 725.9   
        
Retirement Plans (Tables)
     Pension Benefits     Postretirement Benefits  
     2010     2009     2008     2010     2009     2008  

Service cost

   $ 80.4      $ 70.1      $ 86.3      $ 12.2      $ 10.3      $ 12.4   

Interest cost

     184.0        177.6        168.8        28.4        31.0        30.3   

Expected return on plan assets

     (258.7     (256.2     (267.3     (15.5     (15.5     (16.3

Amortization of prior service credit

     (1.9     (5.3     (5.2     (10.8     (14.6     (14.6

Amortization of actuarial loss

     29.7        8.9        0.6        1.3        (2.6     0.1   
                                                

Net periodic benefit expense (income)

     33.5        (4.9     (16.8     15.6        8.6        11.9   

Curtailments

     (0.4     —          (0.1     —          —          —     
                                                

Total expense (income)

   $ 33.1      $ (4.9   $ (16.9   $ 15.6      $ 8.6      $ 11.9   
                                                

Weighted average assumption used to calculate net periodic benefit expense:

            

Discount rate

     6.0     6.8     6.4     5.7     6.9     6.3

Rate of compensation increase

     4.0     4.0     4.0     4.0     4.0     4.0

Expected return on plan assets

     8.3     8.3     8.3     7.6     8.0     8.0
     Pension Benefits     Postretirement Benefits  
     2010     2009         2010             2009      

Benefit obligation at beginning of year

   $ 3,168.1      $ 2,672.8      $ 513.7      $ 466.9   

Service cost

     80.4        70.1        12.2        10.3   

Interest cost

     184.0        177.6        28.4        31.0   

Plan participants' contributions

     1.2        1.3        16.8        19.5   

Medicare reimbursements

     —          —          3.3        3.0   

Acquisitions and other

     167.2        —          1.2        —     

Actuarial loss (gain)

     133.8        348.9        (39.8     24.8   

Plan amendments

     3.3        —          —          —     

Curtailments and settlements

     (0.4     —          —          —     

Foreign currency translation

     4.3        39.8        1.8        3.9   

Benefits paid

     (158.8     (142.4     (47.3     (45.7
                                

Benefit obligation at end of year

   $ 3,583.1      $ 3,168.1      $ 490.3      $ 513.7   
                                

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

   $ 2,654.4      $ 2,191.4      $ 182.6      $ 160.2   

Actual return on assets

     394.5        548.6        26.5        20.7   

Acquisitions and other

     98.0        (0.3     —          —     

Employer contributions

     38.8        22.2        13.3        24.9   

Plan participants' contributions

     1.2        1.3        16.8        22.5   

Foreign currency translation

     1.5        33.6        —          —     

Benefits paid

     (158.8     (142.4     (47.3     (45.7
                                

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

   $ 3,029.6      $ 2,654.4      $ 191.9      $ 182.6   
                                

Funded status at end of year

   $ (553.5   $ (513.7   $ (298.4   $ (331.1
                                
     Pension Benefits     Postretirement Benefits  
     2010     2009         2010             2009      

Prepaid pension cost (included in other noncurrent assets)

   $ 4.4      $ 1.8      $ —        $ —     

Accrued benefit cost (included in accrued liabilities)

     (24.9     (5.7     (11.0     (6.6

Pension liability

     (533.0     (509.8     —          —     

Postretirement benefits

     —          —          (287.4     (324.5
                                

Net liability recognized in the consolidated balance sheets

   $ (553.5   $ (513.7   $ (298.4   $ (331.1
                                
     Pension Benefits     Postretirement Benefits  
     2010     2009         2010             2009      

Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss

        

Net actuarial loss

   $ 1,069.4      $ 1,102.8      $ (6.0   $ 46.8   

Net transition obligation

     0.3        0.3        —          —     

Net prior service credit

     (43.1     (48.3     (27.9     (38.6
                                

Total

   $ 1,026.6      $ 1,054.8      $ (33.9   $ 8.2   
                                
     Pension
Benefits
    Postretirement
Benefits
 

Amortization of:

    

Net actuarial loss

   $ (29.7   $ (1.3

Net prior service credit

     1.9        10.8   

Amounts arising during the period:

    

Net actuarial loss

     (3.7     (51.5

Prior service credit

     3.3        —     

Foreign currency loss

     —          (0.1
                

Total

   $ (28.2   $ (42.1
                
     Pension
Benefits
    Postretirement
Benefits
 

Amortization of:

    

Net actuarial loss

   $ 53.9      $ 0.2   

Net prior service credit

     (5.2     (5.3
                

Total

   $ 48.7      $ (5.1
                
     Pension Benefits     Postretirement
Benefits
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  

Discount rate

     5.5     6.0     5.2     5.7

Rate of compensation increase

     4.0     4.0     3.5     4.0

Health care cost trend:

        

Current

        

Pre-Age 65

     —          —          7.8     7.0

Post-Age 65

     —          —          7.8     7.0

Ultimate

     —          —          6.0     6.0
     Pension Benefits  
     2010      2009  

Projected benefit obligation

   $ 3,561.9       $ 3,161.9   

Fair value of plan assets

     3,004.0         2,645.0   
     Pension Benefits  
     2010      2009  

Accumulated benefit obligation

   $ 3,490.2       $ 3,084.6   

Fair value of plan assets

     3,001.8         2,643.6   
     1%
Increase
     1%
Decrease
 

Total postretirement service and interest cost components

   $ 0.7       $ (0.6

Postretirement benefit obligation

     7.5         (6.4
     Pension
Benefits
     Postretirement
Benefits-Gross
     Estimated Medicare
Subsidy
Reimbursements
 

2011

   $ 192.2       $ 32.0       $ 1.3   

2012

     180.0         31.8         1.3   

2013

     184.9         32.3         1.3   

2014

     190.0         32.7         1.3   

2015

     196.6         33.0         1.3   

2016-2020

     1,139.1         169.6         5.3   
     Private
Equity
                     

Balance at January 1, 2009

   $ 2.5           

Unrealized losses—net

     (1.0        

Purchases, sales and settlements

     5.4           
                                  

Balance at December 31, 2009

   $ 6.9           
                                  

Unrealized losses—net

     (0.3        

Purchases, sales and settlements

     8.9           
                                  

Balance at December 31, 2010

   $ 15.5           
                                  
Income Taxes (Tables)
     2010      2009     2008  

U.S.

   $ 171.0       $ 123.9      $ 200.5   

Foreign

     152.0         (30.8     (469.8
                         

Total

   $ 323.0       $ 93.1      $ (269.3
                         
     2010     2009     2008  

Federal:

      

Current

   $ 100.1      $ 95.0      $ (49.0

Deferred

     (1.7     (35.5     2.4   

State:

      

Current

     (1.2     21.1        16.2   

Deferred

     (10.3     (2.5     (3.6

Foreign:

      

Current

     41.6        52.5        52.6   

Deferred

     (22.6     (16.1     (102.5
                        

Total

   $ 105.9      $ 114.5      $ (83.9
                        
     2010     2009     2008  

Federal statutory rate

     35.0     35.0     35.0

International reorganization

     —          16.9        89.4   

Restructuring and impairment charges

     8.3        91.6        (113.7

Foreign tax rate differential

     (4.8     (51.7     7.0   

State and local income taxes, net of U.S. federal income tax benefit

     (0.2     10.2        (8.3

Adjustment of uncertain tax positions

     (3.1     6.5        6.9   

Adjustment of interest on uncertain tax positions

     0.6        (4.7     3.6   

Change in valuation allowances

     (4.4     27.6        5.4   

Domestic manufacturing deduction

     (2.6     (7.1     —     

Acquisition-related expenses

     1.2        —          —     

Enactment of health care reform act

     1.0        —          —     

Other

     1.8        (1.3     5.9   
                        

Effective income tax rate

     32.8     123.0     31.2
                        
     2010     2009  

Deferred tax assets:

    

Pensions and postretirement

   $ 311.8      $ 321.7   

Accrued liabilities

     174.2        193.5   

Net operating loss and other tax carryforwards

     306.2        306.8   

Other

     101.5        90.0   
                

Total deferred tax assets

     893.7        912.0   

Valuation allowance

     (259.5     (277.5
                

Net deferred tax assets

   $ 634.2      $ 634.5   
                

Deferred tax liabilities:

    

Intangible assets

   $ 335.3      $ 328.8   

Accelerated depreciation

     275.0        295.6   

Investments

     5.7        8.7   

Other

     69.2        46.2   
                

Total deferred tax liabilities

     685.2        679.3   
                

Net deferred tax liabilities

   $ 51.0      $ 44.8   
                
     2010     2009     2008  

Balance, beginning of year

   $ 277.5      $ 224.7      $ 260.0   

Current year expense (benefit)

     (9.6     69.0        0.8   

Write-offs

     (9.4     (29.8     —     

Foreign exchange and other

     1.0        13.6        (36.1
                        

Balance, end of year

   $ 259.5      $ 277.5      $ 224.7   
                        
     2010     2009     2008  

Balance at beginning of year

   $ 176.4      $ 162.9      $ 212.2   

Additions for tax positions of the current year

     10.2        19.2        19.3   

Additions for tax positions of prior years

     9.5        2.4        14.1   

Reductions for tax positions of prior years

     (18.1     (3.5     (48.1

Settlements during the year

     (9.6     (1.5     (17.2

Lapses of applicable statutes of limitations

     (13.6     (7.3     (12.5

Foreign exchange and other

     2.3        4.2        (4.9
                        

Balance at end of year

   $ 157.1      $ 176.4      $ 162.9   
                        
Debt (Tables)
     2010     2009  

Credit facility borrowings

   $ 120.0      $ —     

4.95% senior notes due May 15, 2010

     —          325.7   

5.625% senior notes due January 15, 2012

     158.6        158.5   

4.95% senior notes due April 1, 2014

     599.2        599.0   

5.50% senior notes due May 15, 2015

     499.6        499.6   

8.60% senior notes due August 15, 2016

     346.0        345.3   

6.125% senior notes due January 15, 2017

     622.0        621.5   

11.25% senior notes due February 1, 2019

     400.0        400.0   

7.625% senior notes due June 15, 2020

     400.0        —     

8.875% debentures due April 15, 2021

     80.9        80.9   

6.625% debentures due April 15, 2029

     199.3        199.3   

8.820% debentures due April 15, 2031

     68.9        68.9   

Other, including capital leases

     35.5        23.7   
                

Total debt

     3,530.0        3,322.4   

Less: current portion

     (131.4     (339.9
                

Long-term debt

   $ 3,398.6      $ 2,982.5   
                
     Amount  

2011

   $ 131.4   

2012

     160.3   

2013

     0.9   

2014

     600.9   

2015

     504.0   

2016 and thereafter

     2,125.6   
        

Total

   $ 3,523.1   
        
     2010     2009     2008  

Interest incurred

   $ 233.3      $ 246.6      $ 240.6   

Less: interest income

     (9.1     (9.9     (11.7

Less: interest capitalized as property, plant and equipment

     (1.6     (2.1     (2.5
                        

Interest expense, net

   $ 222.6      $ 234.6      $ 226.4   
                        
Derivatives (Tables)
      2010      2009  

Derivatives not designated as hedges

     

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

   $ 0.5       $ 1.3   

Accrued liabilities

     0.3         6.8   

Derivatives designated as fair value hedges

     

Other noncurrent assets

   $ 16.8       $ —     
    

Classification of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in the Consolidated
Statements of Operations

   2010     2009     2008  

Derivatives not designated as hedges

         

Foreign exchange forward contracts

   Selling, general and administrative expenses    $ (2.5   $ (13.7   $ —     
                           

Total loss recognized in the consolidated statements of operations

      $ (2.5   $ (13.7   $ —     
                           
    

Classification of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in the Consolidated
Statements of Operations

   2010     2009      2008  

Fair Value Hedges

          

Interest rate swaps

   Investment and other expense    $ 16.8      $ —         $ —     

Hedged items

   Investment and other expense      (14.7     —           —     
                            

Total gain recognized as ineffectiveness in the consolidated statements of operations

   Investment and other expense    $ 2.1      $ —         $ —     
                            
Stock and Incentive Programs for Employees (Tables)
     2010     2009     2008  

Expected volatility

     35.61     29.67     22.78

Risk-free interest rate

     2.75     2.27     2.96

Expected life (years)

     6.25        6.25        6.25   

Expected dividend yield

     4.19     3.63     3.31
     Shares
Under
Option
(thousands)
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(years)
     Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(millions)
 

Outstanding at December 31, 2009

     4,168      $ 20.17         6.4       $ 26.6   

Granted

     540        19.89         9.2      

Exercised

     (265     9.04         

Cancelled/forfeited/expired

     (288     21.51         
                

Outstanding at December 31, 2010

     4,155        20.80         6.3         14.4   
                

Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2010

     4,155        20.80         6.3         14.4   

Exercisable at December 31, 2010

     427      $ 8.89         6.9       $ 3.7   
     Shares
(thousands)
    Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 

Nonvested at December 31, 2009

     5,480      $ 11.08   

Granted

     1,518        17.41   

Vested

     (1,513     11.13   

Forfeited

     (55     12.97   
                

Nonvested at December 31, 2010

     5,430      $ 12.96   
                
Segment Information (Tables)
Schedule of Segment Reporting Information
  Total Sales     Intersegment
Sales
    Net
Sales
    Income (loss)
from
continuing
operations
    Assets of
Continuing
Operations
    Depreciation
and
Amortization
    Capital
Expenditures
 

Year ended December 31, 2010

             

U.S. Print and Related Services

  $ 7,558.7      $ (26.5   $ 7,532.2      $ 638.9      $ 6,495.7      $ 391.8      $ 99.2   

International

    2,538.6        (51.9     2,486.7        149.5        2,460.9        115.2        88.4   
                                                       

Total operating segments

    10,097.3        (78.4     10,018.9        788.4        8,956.6        507.0        187.6   

Corporate(1)

    —          —          —          (232.9     126.6        32.2        41.8   
                                                       

Total continuing operations

  $ 10,097.3      $ (78.4   $ 10,018.9      $ 555.5      $ 9,083.2      $ 539.2      $ 229.4   
                                                       

Year ended December 31, 2009

             

U.S. Print and Related Services

  $ 7,464.5      $ (27.5   $ 7,437.0      $ 489.2      $ 6,317.5      $ 422.2      $ 101.4   

International

    2,477.1        (56.7     2,420.4        (36.0     2,221.8        122.6        60.9   
                                                       

Total operating segments

    9,941.6        (84.2     9,857.4        453.2        8,539.3        544.8        162.3   

Corporate(1)

    —          —          —          (108.9     208.3        34.2        32.7   
                                                       

Total continuing operations

  $ 9,941.6      $ (84.2   $ 9,857.4      $ 344.3      $ 8,747.6      $ 579.0      $ 195.0   
                                                       

Year ended December 31, 2008

             

U.S. Print and Related Services

  $ 8,722.9      $ (18.7   $ 8,704.2      $ 708.9      $ 7,108.3      $ 432.9      $ 187.9   

International

    2,937.0        (59.6     2,877.4        (564.6     1,975.6        166.4        104.4   
                                                       

Total operating segments

    11,659.9        (78.3     11,581.6        144.3        9,083.9        599.3        292.3   

Corporate(1)

    —          —          —          (184.8     410.4        41.3        30.6   
                                                       

Total continuing operations

  $ 11,659.9      $ (78.3   $ 11,581.6      $ (40.5   $ 9,494.3      $ 640.6      $ 322.9   
                                                       

(1) Corporate assets consist primarily of the following items at December 31, 2010: fixed assets of $64.6 million and deferred compensation plan assets of $46.5 million; December 31, 2009: fixed assets of $65.4 million and deferred compensation plan assets of $50.0 million; and December 31, 2008: fixed assets of $65.9 million, cash and cash equivalents of $60.0 million, deferred compensation plan assets of $44.5 million, investments in affordable housing of $27.4 million and benefit plan assets of $14.3 million,

 

Geographic Area and Product and Services Information (Tables)
Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
2010
2010
2010
2010
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2010
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Number of customers
60,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage of inflation exceeding blended Comsumer Price Index and National Consumer Price Index
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in exchange rate, effective date
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
January 8, 2010 
Foreign currency fixed exchange rate per U.S. Dollar
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2.15 
4.3 
 
Percentage of foreign currency devaluation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.5 
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transaction and translation, pre-tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(8,900,000)
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transaction and translation, after tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(8,100,000)
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transaction and translation, portion attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3,600,000)
Long-term restricted cash and cash equivalents
 
41,600,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of single customers comprising more than 10% of consolidated net sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage of net sales per customer, maximum
0.1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage of inventory valued at LIFO
0.669 
0.704 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Estimated useful life in years, minimum
 
 
 
 
15 
 
 
 
 
Estimated useful life in years, maximum
 
 
 
 
40 
15 
 
 
 
 
Estimated useful life in years
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Estimated useful life of software in years, maximum
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization expense related to internally-developed software
15,300,000 
18,000,000 
23,500,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the lesser of 7 years or the lease term
Acquisitions (Narrative) (Details)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 14, 2010
Nov. 24, 2010
Jun. 18, 2009
Jan. 02, 2009
Mar. 14, 2008
2010
2009
Effective date of acquisition
December 31, 2010 
December 14, 2010 
November 24, 2010 
June 18, 2009 
January 2, 2009 
March 14, 2008 
 
 
Purchase price of acquisition
465 
24 
122 
 
 
Debt assumed in acquisition
 
26 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash acquired from acquisition
 
 
41 
 
 
 
 
Repayment of debt assumed in acquisition
 
25 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pro forma amortization of purchased intangibles
 
 
 
 
 
 
114 
116 
Pro forma restructuring and impairment charges from continuing operations
 
 
 
 
 
 
153 
421 
Pro forma restructuring and aquisition charges
 
 
 
 
 
 
66 
66 
Expense related to inventory fair value adjustment
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisitions (Final Price Allocations for Acquisitions) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Dec. 31, 2008
Accounts receivable
$ 129 
$ 2 
$ 17 
Inventories
32 
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
18 
 
Property, plant and equipment and other long-term assets
127 
102 
Amortizable intangible assets
160 
12 
16 
Goodwill
258 
33 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
(160)
(3)
(30)
Pension benefits and other long-term liabilities
(77)
 
 
Deferred taxes - net
(18)
(1)
(7)
Total purchase price- net of cash acquired
470 
 
139 
Less: debt assumed
28 
 
Net cash paid
$ 442 
$ 27 
$ 133 
Acquisitions (Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information) (Details) (Company, Bowne, Nimblefish, and 8touches [Member], USD $)
In Millions, except Per Share data
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
Net sales
$ 10,666 
$ 10,557 
Net earnings (loss) attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders
221 
(107)
Basic
1.07 
(0.52)
Diluted
$ 1.05 
$ (0.52)
Restructuring and Impairment (Narrative) (Details)
In Millions
3 Months Ended
Dec. 31,
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
3 Months Ended
Dec. 31,
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
Dec. 31, 2010
Jan. 31, 2010
2010
2009
2010
2009
2008
2010
2008
2009
2009
2009
2008
2008
2008
2010
Restructuring costs and asset impairment charges
 
 
 
 
158 
383 
1,185 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
88 
Impairment of intangible assets
 
 
 
 
27 1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other intangible assets-net (Note 4)
775 
 
775 
747 
775 
747 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impairment charges
 
 
61 
129 
61 
129 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other impairment charge
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill and intangible asset impairment
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,125 
 
 
 
 
 
376 
749 
 
 
Capitalized restructuring costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of employees used to determine employee termination costs
 
 
 
 
1,458 
4,043 
2,245 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of employees who were terminated as of date
 
 
 
 
1,354 
4,043 
2,245 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Multiemployer Plan, Withdrawal Obligation
14 
 
14 
 
14 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impairment charges
 
 
 
 
93 
154 
1,130 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other cash payment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
119 
 
117 
 
 
 
 
Current restructuring reserve (included in accrued liabilities)
28 
 
28 
92 
28 
92 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncurrent restructuring reserve (included in noncurrent liabilities)
26 
 
26 
49 
26 
49 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructuring liabilities settled with cash due to the termination of the significant long-term customer contract
38 
58 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructuring and Impairment (Net Restructuring and Impairment Charges) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Impairment
$ 93 
$ 154 
$ 1,130 
Total
158 
383 
1,185 
US Print and Related Services [Member]
 
 
 
Employee Terminations
37 
22 
Other charges
24 
19 
Total Restructuring
30 
56 
26 
Impairment
64 
108 
380 
Total
94 
164 
406 
International [Member]
 
 
 
Employee Terminations
18 
41 
22 
Other charges
124 
Total Restructuring
22 
165 
25 
Impairment
28 
46 
750 
Total
51 
211 
775 
Total Operating Segments [Member]
 
 
 
Employee Terminations
36 
79 
44 
Other charges
30 
149 
11 
Total Restructuring
65 
229 
55 
Impairment
93 
154 
1,130 
Total
158 
383 
1,185 
Corporate [Member]
 
 
 
Employee Terminations
12 
Other charges
Total Restructuring
13 
Impairment
 
Total
$ 13 
$ 8 
$ 4 
Restructuring and Impairment (Restructuring Reserve) (Details)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
Dec. 31, 2010
Jan. 31, 2010
2010
2009
Balance in the beginning
 
141 
141 
35 
Restructuring Costs Charged to Results of Operations
 
 
65 
229 
Foreign Exchange and Other
 
 
Cash Paid
(38)
(58)
(158)
(126)
Balance at the end
54 
 
54 
141 
Other Restructuring Reserve [Member]
 
 
 
 
Balance in the beginning
 
 
121 
11 
Restructuring Costs Charged to Results of Operations
 
 
30 
149 
Foreign Exchange and Other
 
 
Cash Paid
 
 
(113)
(43)
Balance at the end
 
 
43 
121 
Employee Terminations [Member]
 
 
 
 
Balance in the beginning
 
 
20 
24 
Restructuring Costs Charged to Results of Operations
 
 
36 
79 
Foreign Exchange and Other
 
 
 
Cash Paid
 
 
(45)
(83)
Balance at the end
 
 
11 
20 
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Narrative) (Details)
In Millions
3 Months Ended
Dec. 31,
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2010
2009
2008
3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2010
Amortization expense for other intangible assets
 
 
99 
99 
123 
 
Additions to intangible assets
 
 
160 
12 
 
 
Non-cash impairment charges to goodwill
61 
129 
 
 
 
 
Non-cash impairment charge to acquired customer relationship intangible assets
 
 
 
 
 
27 
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Goodwill) (Details)
In Millions
3 Months Ended
Dec. 31,
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2010
2009
Goodwill
 
 
4,194 1
4,079 1
Accumulated impairment losses
 
 
(1,861)1
(1,653)1
Total
 
 
2,333 
2,426 
Acquisitions
 
 
258 
Foreign exchange and other adjustments
 
 
(3)
29 
Impairment charge
(61)
(129)
(61)
(129)
Goodwill
4,440 1
4,194 1
4,440 1
4,194 1
Accumulated impairment losses
(1,913)1
(1,861)1
(1,913)1
(1,861)1
Total
2,527 
2,333 
2,527 
2,333 
US Print and Related Services [Member]
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
 
 
2,978 1
2,978 1
Accumulated impairment losses
 
 
(878)1
(784)1
Total
 
 
2,099 
2,193 
Acquisitions
 
 
166 
 
Foreign exchange and other adjustments
 
 
(2)
(0)
Impairment charge
 
 
(61)
(94)
Goodwill
 1
 1
3,142 1
2,978 1
Accumulated impairment losses
 1
 1
(939)1
(878)1
Total
 
 
2,203 
2,099 
International [Member]
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
 
 
1,216 1
1,101 1
Accumulated impairment losses
 
 
(982)1
(869)1
Total
 
 
234 
233 
Acquisitions
 
 
92 
Foreign exchange and other adjustments
 
 
(2)
30 
Impairment charge
 
 
 
(35)
Goodwill
 1
 1
1,299 1
1,216 1
Accumulated impairment losses
 1
 1
(974)1
(982)1
Total
 
 
324 
234 
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Other Intangible Assets) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Net Book Value
 1
 
Customer relationship intangible assets
775 
747 
Total Amortizable Purchased Intangible Assets [Member]
 
 
Gross Carrying Amount
1,391 
1,270 
Accumulated Amortization
(634)
(541)
Net Book Value
757 
729 
Total Purchased Intangible Assets [Member]
 
 
Gross Carrying Amount
1,409 
1,288 
Accumulated Amortization
(634)
(541)
Customer relationship intangible assets
775 
747 
Trademarks, Licenses and Agreements [Member]
 
 
Gross Carrying Amount
26 
26 
Accumulated Amortization
(23)
(22)
Net Book Value
Patents [Member]
 
 
Gross Carrying Amount
98 
98 
Accumulated Amortization
(84)
(71)
Net Book Value
15 
27 
Customer Relationship Intangibles [Member]
 
 
Gross Carrying Amount
1,244 
1,125 
Accumulated Amortization
(520)
(440)
Net Book Value
725 
685 
Trade Names [Member]
 
 
Gross Carrying Amount
23 
21 
Accumulated Amortization
(8)
(7)
Net Book Value
15 
14 
Indefinite-Lived Trade Names [Member]
 
 
Gross Carrying Amount
18 
18 
Net Book Value
$ 18 
$ 18 
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Other Intangible Assets Acquired) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
Other Intangible Assets Acquired
$ 160 
$ 12 
Trademarks, Licenses and Agreements [Member]
 
 
Other Intangible Assets Acquired
 
Weighted Average Amortization Period, In Years
 
5.5 
Customer Relationship Intangibles [Member]
 
 
Other Intangible Assets Acquired
158 
Weighted Average Amortization Period, In Years
10 
Trade Names [Member]
 
 
Other Intangible Assets Acquired
 
Weighted Average Amortization Period, In Years
1.5 
 
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Estimated Annual Amortization Expense) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
2011
$ 113 
2012
99 
2013
97 
2014
94 
2015
87 
2016 and thereafter
267 
Total
$ 757 
Accounts Receivable (Transactions Affecting the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Accounts Receivable
 
 
 
Balance, beginning of year
$ 70 
$ 81 
$ 64 
Provisions charged to expense
23 
20 
52 
Write-offs and other
(22)
(30)
(35)
Balance, end of year
$ 71 
$ 70 
$ 81 
Inventories (Components of the Company's Inventories) (Details)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Inventories
 
 
 
Raw materials and manufacturing supplies
260 
230 
 
Work in process
184 
190 
 
Finished goods
205 
220 
 
LIFO reserve
(88)
(78)
 
Total
561 
562 
 
LIFO expense
10 
 
31 
LIFO benefit
 
18 
 
Property, Plant and Equipment (Components of Company's Property, Plant and Equipment) (Details)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Property, Plant and Equipment
 
 
 
Land
111 
90 
 
Buildings
1,198 
1,140 
 
Machinery and equipment
6,099 
6,002 
 
Property, plant and equipment, gross
7,408 
7,231 
 
Less: accumulated depreciation
(5,269)
(4,960)
 
Total
2,139 
2,271 
 
Depreciation expense
425 
462 
494 
Book value of assets held for sale
 
Fair Value Measurement (Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis) (Details)
In Millions
3 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Long-lived assets held and used (1), Impairment charge
 
1
Long-lived assets held and used (1), Net book value
1
1
Long-lived assets held for sale (2), Impairment charge
2
2
Long-lived assets held for sale (2), Net book value
2
2
Goodwill (3), Impairment charge
61 
61 
Goodwill (3), Net book value
2,527 
2,527 
Other intangible assets (4), Impairment charge
 
27 3
Other intangible assets (4), Net book value
 3
 3
Total, Impairment charge
 
92 
Total, Net book value
109 
109 
Carrying amount of long lived assets held and used
Carrying amount of long lived assets held for sale
Selling expense of long-lived assets held for sale
 
Goodwill - net
4,440 4
4,440 4
Carrying amount of customer relationship intangible assets
 3
 3
Customer relationship intangible assets
775 
775 
Forms and Labels [Member]
 
 
Goodwill (3), Impairment charge
 
61 5
Goodwill (3), Net book value
 
103 5
Goodwill - net
 4
164 
Forms and Labels [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
 
 
Goodwill (3), Fair value measurement
103 5
 
Global Turnkey Solutions [Member]
 
 
Other intangible assets (4), Fair value measurement
 
Other intangible assets (4), Net book value
27 
 3
Carrying amount of customer relationship intangible assets
27 
 3
Customer relationship intangible assets
43 
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
 
 
Long-lived assets held and used (1), Fair value measurement
1
 
Long-lived assets held for sale (2), Fair value measurement
2
 
Other intangible assets (4), Fair value measurement
 3
 
Total, Fair value measurement
109 
 
Accrued Liabilities (Narrative) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
Dec. 31, 2010
Jan. 31, 2010
2010
2009
Accrued Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Payment towards reduction of restructuring liabilities
$ 38 
$ 58 
$ 158 
$ 126 
Accrued Liabilities (Components of Accrued Liabilities) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Accrued Liabilities
 
 
Employee-related liabilities
$ 387 
$ 203 
Restructuring liabilities
28 
92 
Deferred revenue
130 
151 
Other
357 
367 
Total accrued liabilities
$ 902 
$ 813 
Commitments and Contingencies (Narrative) (Details)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Commitments and Contingencies
 
 
 
Authorized expenditures on incomplete projects for the purchase of property, plant and equipment
159 
 
 
Committed total of property, plant and equipment expenditure
35 
 
 
Severance payments related to restructuring
12 
 
 
Purchase commitment for outsourced services
177 
 
 
Commitment to purchase natural gas
 
 
Operating lease commitments
726 
 
 
Rent expense
213 
215 
220 
Minimum non-cancelable sublease rentals aggregating
16 
 
 
Commitments and Contingencies (Future Minimum Rental Commitments Under Non-cancelable Operating Leases) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Commitments and Contingencies
 
2011
$ 161 
2012
123 
2013
96 
2014
75 
2015 and thereafter
270 
Future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable operating leases
$ 726 
Retirement Plans (Narrative) (Details)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Minimum age that employees become eligible for benefits
50 
 
 
Deferred compensation arrangement with individual, requisite service period
 
 
Defined benefit plan, accumulated benefit obligation
3,513 
3,091 
 
Percentage of actuarial gains or losses in excess of projected benefit obligation recognized over average life
0.1 
 
 
Prescription drug subsidy receipts, year one
 
 
Employer contributions
 
 
21 
Multiemployer plan, period contributions
Multiemployer plan, withdrawal obligation
14 
 
 
Prospective target asset allocation percentage for both the pension and postretirement plans, equity and other securities
0.75 
 
 
Prospective target asset allocation percentage for both the pension and postretirement plans, fixed income
0.25 
 
 
Pension Benefits [Member]
 
 
 
Expected cash contributions
46 
 
 
Medicare reimbursements
 
 
 
Employer contributions
39 
22 
 
Postretirement Benefits [Member]
 
 
 
Expected cash contributions
15 
 
 
Medicare reimbursements
 
Employer contributions
13 
25 
 
Retirement Plans (Components of the Net Periodic Benefit Expense) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Pension Benefits [Member]
 
 
 
Service cost
$ 80 
$ 70 
$ 86 
Interest cost
184 
178 
169 
Expected return on plan assets
(259)
(256)
(267)
Amortization of prior service credit
(2)
(5)
(5)
Amortization of actuarial loss
30 
Net periodic benefit expense (income)
34 
(5)
(17)
Curtailments
(0)
 
(0)
Total expense (income)
33 
(5)
(17)
Discount Rate
0.06 
0.068 
0.064 
Rate of compensation increase
0.04 
0.04 
0.04 
Expected return on plan assets
0.083 
0.083 
0.083 
Postretirement Benefits [Member]
 
 
 
Service cost
12 
10 
12 
Interest cost
28 
31 
30 
Expected return on plan assets
(16)
(16)
(16)
Amortization of prior service credit
(11)
(15)
(15)
Amortization of actuarial loss
(3)
Net periodic benefit expense (income)
16 
12 
Curtailments
 
 
 
Total expense (income)
$ 16 
$ 9 
$ 12 
Discount Rate
0.057 
0.069 
0.063 
Rate of compensation increase
0.04 
0.04 
0.04 
Expected return on plan assets
0.076 
0.08 
0.08 
Retirement Plans (Reconciliation of the Benefit Obligation, Plan Assets and the Funded States of the Plans) (Details)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2010
2009
2010
2009
2010
2009
2010
2009
2008
2010
2009
2008
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,168 
2,673 
 
514 
467 
 
Service cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
80 
70 
86 
12 
10 
12 
Interest cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
184 
178 
169 
28 
31 
30 
Plan participants' contributions
17 
20 
17 
23 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Medicare reimbursements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisitions and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
167 
 
 
 
 
Actuarial loss (gain)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
134 
349 
 
(40)
25 
 
Plan amendments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curtailments and settlements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(0)
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
40 
 
 
Benefits paid
(159)
(142)
(47)
(46)
(159)
(142)
(47)
(46)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit obilgation at end of year
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,583 
3,168 
2,673 
490 
514 
467 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,654 
2,191 
 
183 
160 
 
Actual return on assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
395 
549 
 
27 
21 
 
Acquisitions and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
98 
(0)
 
 
 
 
Employer contributions
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
39 
22 
 
13 
25 
 
Foreign currency translation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
34 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,030 
2,654 
2,191 
192 
183 
160 
Funded at status at end of year
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(554)
(514)
 
(298)
(331)
 
Retirement Plans (Amounts Recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Pension liability
$ (533)
$ (510)
Postretirement benefits
(287)
(325)
Pension Benefits [Member]
 
 
Prepaid pension cost (included in other noncurrent assets)
Accrued benefit cost (included in accrued liabilities)
(25)
(6)
Pension liability
(533)
(510)
Postretirement benefits
 
 
Net liability recognized in the consolidated balance sheets
(554)
(514)
Postretirement Benefits [Member]
 
 
Prepaid pension cost (included in other noncurrent assets)
 
 
Accrued benefit cost (included in accrued liabilities)
(11)
(7)
Pension liability
 
 
Postretirement benefits
(287)
(325)
Net liability recognized in the consolidated balance sheets
$ (298)
$ (331)
Retirement Plans (Amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, Excluding Tax Effects, not yet Recognized as Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Pension Benefits [Member]
 
 
Net actuarial loss
$ 1,069 
$ 1,103 
Net transition obligation
Net prior service credit
(43)
(48)
Total
1,027 
1,055 
Postretirement Benefits [Member]
 
 
Net actuarial loss
(6)
47 
Net transition obligation
 
 
Net prior service credit
(28)
(39)
Total
$ (34)
$ 8 
Retirement Plans (Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) in 2010 as Components of Net Periodic Benefit Costs) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Pension Benefits [Member]
 
Amortization of net actuarial loss
$ (30)
Amortization of net prior service credit
Amounts arising during the period, Net actuarial loss
(4)
Amounts arising during the period, Prior service credit
Amounts arising during the period, Foreign currency loss
 
Total
(28)
Postretirement Benefits [Member]
 
Amortization of net actuarial loss
(1)
Amortization of net prior service credit
11 
Amounts arising during the period, Net actuarial loss
(52)
Amounts arising during the period, Prior service credit
 
Amounts arising during the period, Foreign currency loss
(0)
Total
$ (42)
Retirement Plans (Amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss that are Expected to be Recognized as Components of Net Periodic Benefit Costs over the Next Year) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Pension Benefits [Member]
 
Net actuarial loss
$ 54 
Net prior service credit
(5)
Total
49 
Postretirement Benefits [Member]
 
Net actuarial loss
Net prior service credit
(5)
Total
$ (5)
Retirement Plans (Weighted Average Assumptions Used to Determine Benefit Obligations) (Details)
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
Pension Benefits [Member]
 
 
Discount rate
0.055 
0.06 
Rate of compensation increase
0.04 
0.04 
Ultimate
 
 
Pension Benefits [Member] | Post-Age 65 [Member]
 
 
Health care cost trend, current
 
 
Pension Benefits [Member] | Pre-Age 65 [Member]
 
 
Health care cost trend, current
 
 
Postretirement Benefits [Member]
 
 
Discount rate
0.052 
0.057 
Rate of compensation increase
0.035 
0.04 
Ultimate
0.06 
0.06 
Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Post-Age 65 [Member]
 
 
Health care cost trend, current
0.078 
0.07 
Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Pre-Age 65 [Member]
 
 
Health care cost trend, current
0.078 
0.07 
Retirement Plans (Summary of Under-Funded or Unfunded Pension Benefit Plans) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Retirement Plans
 
 
Projected benefit obligation
$ 3,562 
$ 3,162 
Fair value of plan assets
$ 3,004 
$ 2,645 
Retirement Plans (Summary of Pension Plans With Accumulated Benefit Obligations) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Retirement Plans
 
 
Accumulated benefit obligation
$ 3,490 
$ 3,085 
Fair value of plan assets
$ 3,002 
$ 2,644 
Retirement Plans (Effect of a One-Percentage Point Change in Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Retirement Plans
 
Total postretirement service and interest cost components, 1% increase
$ 1 
Total postretirement service and interest cost components, 1% decrease
(1)
Postretirement benefit obligation, 1% increase
Postretirement benefit obligation, 1% decrease
$ (6)
Retirement Plans (Benefit Payments) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Pension Benefits [Member]
 
2011
$ 192 
2012
180 
2013
185 
2014
190 
2015
197 
2016-2020
1,139 
Postretirement Benefits [Member]
 
2011
32 
2012
32 
2013
32 
2014
33 
2015
33 
2016-2020
170 
Estimated Medicare Subsidy Reimbursements [Member]
 
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016-2020
$ 5 
Retirement Plans (Fair Values of Pension Plan Assets By Asset Category) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Dec. 31, 2008
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
1,919 
1,677 
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
13 
37 
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member] | Equity [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
1,683 1
1,422 1
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member] | Fixed Income [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
214 1
211 1
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member] | Derivative and Other [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member] | Real Estate [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
1,095 
970 
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member] | Equity [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
382 1
343 1
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member] | Fixed Income [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
628 1
569 1
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member] | Derivative and Other [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member] | Real Estate [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
82 
57 
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
16 
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Pension Benefits [Member] | Private Equity [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
16 
 
Pension Benefits [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
3,030 
2,654 
2,191 
Pension Benefits [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
13 
37 
 
Pension Benefits [Member] | Equity [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
2,065 1
1,765 1
 
Pension Benefits [Member] | Fixed Income [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
842 1
780 1
 
Pension Benefits [Member] | Derivative and Other [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
 
Pension Benefits [Member] | Real Estate [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
89 
62 
 
Pension Benefits [Member] | Private Equity [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
16 
 
Private Equity [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
$ 16 
$ 7 
$ 3 
Retirement Plans (Fair Values of Other Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets) (Details) (Postretirement Benefits [Member], USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Dec. 31, 2008
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Postretirement Benefits [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
17 
20 
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Equity [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
12 1
11 1
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Fixed Income [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
 
1
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Derivative and Other [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
 
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Postretirement Benefits [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
175 
163 
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Equity [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
137 1
124 1
 
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Fixed Income [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
38 1
39 1
 
Postretirement Benefits [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
192 
183 
160 
Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
 
Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Equity [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
149 1
135 1
 
Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Fixed Income [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
38 1
47 1
 
Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Derivative and Other [Member]
 
 
 
Fair value of the company's benefit plan assets
 
 
Retirement Plans (Summary of Changes in the Fair Value of Level Three Assets) (Details) (Private Equity [Member], USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
$ 7 
$ 3 
Unrealized losses - net
(0)
(1)
Purchases, sales and settlements
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
$ 16 
$ 7 
Income Taxes (Narrative) (Details)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, benefit
19 
 
 
Reorganization related expense within International segment
 
16 
 
Benefit related to decline in value and reorganization with International segment
 
 
229 
Recognition of uncertain tax positions
 
 
38 
Net operating loss and other tax carryforwards
173 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities related to foreign earnings
 
 
Cash payments for income taxes
181 
199 
242 
Cash refunds for income taxes
52 
164 
Income tax benefit associated with dispositions of employee stock options
Changes in other comprehensive income tax provisions related to change in fair value of derivatives
Changes in other comprehensive income tax provisions related to change in pension and postretirement plans
27 
36 
493 
Changes in other comprehensive income tax provisions related to unrealized foreign currency gains
 
 
13 
Unrecognized tax benefits
157 
176 
163 
Unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would decrease income taxes, the corresponding income tax rate and net loss
111 
 
 
Decrease in income tax expense
14 
 
 
Amount of unrecognized tax benefit that will decrease within 12 months
78 
 
 
Total interest expense related to remaining tax uncertainties
Penalty amounts recognized
Accrued interest related to income tax uncertainties
53 
52 
 
Accrued penalties related to income tax uncertainties
 
Aggregate effect on income tax expense as a result of the "tax holiday" agreements
11 
15 
Latin America [Member]
 
 
 
Decrease in valuation allowance of deferred tax assets
18 
 
 
Decrease in valuation allowance of deferred tax assets related to net operating loss
19 
 
 
U.S. [Member]
 
 
 
Net operating loss and other tax carryforwards
26 
17 
 
Amount recognized due to settlements during the year
 
 
Amount recognized due to expiration of statutes of limitations and resolution of audits
 
 
Foreign [Member]
 
 
 
Net operating loss and other tax carryforwards
280 
290 
 
State [Member]
 
 
 
Amount recognized due to settlements during the year
 
 
Amount recognized due to expiration of statutes of limitations and resolution of audits
 
 
Income Taxes (Components of Earnings Loss from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Income Taxes
 
 
 
U.S.
$ 171 
$ 124 
$ 201 
Foreign
152 
(31)
(470)
Total
$ 323 
$ 93 
$ (269)
Income Taxes (Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) From Continuing Operations) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Income Taxes
 
 
 
Federal Current
$ 100 
$ 95 
$ (49)
Federal Deferred
(2)
(36)
State Current
(1)
21 
16 
State Deferred
(10)
(3)
(4)
Foreign Current
42 
53 
53 
Foreign Deferred
(23)
(16)
(103)
Total
$ 106 
$ 115 
$ (84)
Income Taxes (Reconciliation of Differences Between Federal Statutory Tax Rate and Effective Tax Rate) (Details)
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Income Taxes
 
 
 
Federal statutory rate
0.35 
0.35 
0.35 
International reorganization
 
0.169 
0.894 
Restructuring and impairment charges
0.083 
0.916 
(1.137)
Foreign tax rate differential
(0.048)
(0.517)
0.07 
State and local income taxes, net of U.S. federal income tax benefit
(0.002)
0.102 
(0.083)
Adjustment of uncertain tax positions
(0.031)
0.065 
0.069 
Adjustment of interest on uncertain tax positions
0.006 
(0.047)
0.036 
Change in valuation allowances
(0.044)
0.276 
0.054 
Domestic manufacturing deduction
(0.026)
(0.071)
 
Acquisition-related expenses
0.012 
 
 
Enactment of health care reform act
0.01 
 
 
Other
0.018 
(0.013)
0.059 
Effective income tax rate
0.328 
1.23 
0.312 
Income Taxes (Significant Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Income Taxes
 
 
Pensions and postretirement
$ 312 
$ 322 
Accrued liabilities
174 
194 
Net operating loss and other tax carryforwards
306 
307 
Other
102 
90 
Total deferred tax assets
894 
912 
Valuation allowance
(260)
(278)
Net deferred tax assets
634 
635 
Intangible assets
335 
329 
Accelerated depreciation
275 
296 
Investments
Other
69 
46 
Total deferred tax liabilities
685 
679 
Net deferred tax liabilities
$ 51 
$ 45 
Income Taxes (Transactions Affecting the Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets) (Details) (Valuation Allowance of Deferred Tax Assets [Member], USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Balance, beginning of year
$ 278 
$ 225 
$ 260 
Current year expense (benefit)
(10)
69 
Write-offs
(9)
(30)
 
Foreign exchange and other
14 
(36)
Balance, end of year
$ 260 
$ 278 
$ 225 
Income Taxes (Changes in Unrecognized Tax Benefits) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Income Taxes
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of year
$ 176 
$ 163 
$ 212 
Additions for tax positions of the current year
10 
19 
19 
Additions for tax positions of the prior years
10 
14 
Reductions for tax positions of prior years
(18)
(4)
(48)
Settlements during the year
(10)
(2)
(17)
Lapses of applicable statutes of limitations
(14)
(7)
(13)
Foreign exchange and other
(5)
Balance at end of year
$ 157 
$ 176 
$ 163 
Debt (Narrative) (Details)
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2009
Dec. 31, 2010
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Aug. 26, 2009
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Jan. 14, 2009
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Jun. 21, 2010
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 17, 2010
Dec. 31, 2010
Amount of difference between fair value and book value
177,900,000 
259,300,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,750,000,000 
2,000,000,000 
 
Revolving credit agreement expiration date
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior notes issued
 
 
 
350,000,000 
 
400,000,000 
 
400,000,000 
 
 
 
Interest rate
 
 
0.086 
 
0.1125 
 
0.07625 
 
 
 
 
Maturity date
 
 
2016-08-15 
 
2019-02-01 
 
2020-06-15 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate terms
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pre-tax loss on debt extinguishment
10,300,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit facility, amount outstanding
 
120,000,000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
120,000,000 
 
129,100,000 
Weighted average interest rate on borrowings, per
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.0127 
 
 
Credit facility, current borrowing capacity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,400,000,000 
December 17, 2013
semi-annually on February 15 and August 15 of each year, commencing on February 15, 2010
semi-annually on February 1 and August 1 of each year, commencing on August 1, 2009
-annually on June 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing on December 15, 2010
Debt (Components of Debt) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Credit facility borrowings
120 
 
Total debt
3,530 
3,322 
Less: current portion
(131)
(340)
Long-term debt
3,399 
2,983 
4.95% Senior Notes Due May 15, 2010 [Member]
 
 
Senior notes
 
326 
Interest rate
0.0495 
0.0495 
Maturity date
2010-05-15 
2010-05-15 
5.625% Senior Notes Due January 15, 2012 [Member]
 
 
Senior notes
159 
159 
Interest rate
0.05625 
0.05625 
Maturity date
2012-01-15 
2012-01-15 
4.95% Senior Notes Due April 1, 2014 [Member]
 
 
Senior notes
599 
599 
Interest rate
0.0495 
0.0495 
Maturity date
2014-04-01 
2014-04-01 
8.60% Senior Notes Due August 15, 2016 [Member]
 
 
Senior notes
346 
345 
Interest rate
0.086 
0.086 
Maturity date
2016-08-15 
2016-08-15 
11.25% Senior Notes Due February 1, 2019 [Member]
 
 
Senior notes
400 
400 
Interest rate
0.1125 
0.1125 
Maturity date
2019-02-01 
2019-02-01 
5.50% Senior Notes Due May 15, 2015 [Member]
 
 
Senior notes
500 
500 
Interest rate
0.055 
0.055 
Maturity date
2015-05-15 
2015-05-15 
7.625% Senior Notes Due June 15, 2020 [Member]
 
 
Senior notes
400 
 
Interest rate
0.07625 
0.07625 
Maturity date
2020-06-15 
2020-06-15 
6.125% Senior Notes Due January 15, 2017 [Member]
 
 
Senior notes
622 
622 
Interest rate
0.06125 
0.06125 
Maturity date
2017-01-15 
2017-01-15 
8.875% Debentures Due April 15, 2021 [Member]
 
 
Debentures
81 
81 
Interest rate
0.08875 
0.08875 
Maturity date
2021-04-15 
2021-04-15 
6.625% Debentures Due April 15, 2029 [Member]
 
 
Debentures
199 
199 
Interest rate
0.06625 
0.06625 
Maturity date
2029-04-15 
2029-04-15 
8.820% Debentures Due April 15, 2031 [Member]
 
 
Debentures
69 
69 
Interest rate
0.0882 
0.0882 
Maturity date
2031-04-15 
2031-04-15 
Other, Including Capital Leases [Member]
 
 
Other, including capital leases
$ 36 
$ 24 
Debt (Future Maturities of Debt) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Debt
 
2011
$ 131 
2012
160 
2013
2014
601 
2015
504 
2016 and thereafter
2,126 
Total
$ 3,523 
Debt (Summary of Interest Expense) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Debt
 
 
 
Interest incurred
$ 233 
$ 247 
$ 241 
Less: interest income
(9)
(10)
(12)
Less: interest capitalized as property, plant and equipment
(2)
(2)
(3)
Interest expense, net
223 
235 
226 
Interest paid
$ 235 
$ 227 
$ 224 
Derivatives (Narrative) (Details)
In Millions
Oct. 31, 2008
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
May 31, 2005
Apr. 09, 2010
3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2009
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2009
Oct. 31, 2008
Aggregate notional value of foreign exchange forward contracts
 
101 
437 
 
 
 
 
1,131 
Interest rate swap agreements effectively changed the interest rate on fixed-rate senior notes
 
 
 
 
600 
 
 
 
Notional amount of interest rate fair value hedge derivatives
 
 
 
 
600 
 
 
 
Net reduction to interest expense related to fair value hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Terminated derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pre-tax cash proceeds
23 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pre-tax loss
10 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income as a result of terminating interest rate lock agreements
 
 
13 
 
 
 
 
Repurchased 4.95% senior notes due May 15, 2010 which were hedged as part of the interest rate lock agreements
 
 
 
 
 
174 
174 
 
Pre-tax loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives (Total Fair Value of Forward Contracts and Fair Value Hedges) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member]
 
 
Derivatives not designated as hedges
$ 1 
$ 1 
Accrued Liabilities [Member]
 
 
Derivatives not designated as hedges
Other Noncurrent Assets [Member]
 
 
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges
17 
 
Derivatives (Gains (Losses) Related to Derivatives not Designated as Hedges) (Details)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Total gain (loss) recognized in the consolidated statements of operations
(3)
(14)
 
Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts [Member] | Nondesignated [Member] | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in the consolidated statements of operations
(3)
(14)
 
Derivatives (Gains (Losses) Related to Derivatives Hedged Items) (Details) (Investment and Other Income (Expense) [Member], USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | Fair Value Hedging [Member] | Investment and Other Income (Expense) [Member]
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in the consolidated statements of operations
17 
 
 
Hedged Items [Member] | Fair Value Hedging [Member] | Investment and Other Income (Expense) [Member]
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in the consolidated statements of operations
(15)
 
 
Investment and Other Income (Expense) [Member]
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in the consolidated statements of operations
 
 
Derivatives (Gains (Losses) Related to Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedges) (Details)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Interest Expense-Net [Member] | Cash Flow Hedges [Member] | Interest Rate Lock [Member]
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in OCI (effective portion)
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income (effective portion)
(1)
(1)
(2)
Total gain (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion)
 
 
 
Investment and Other Income (Expense) [Member] | Cash Flow Hedges [Member] | Interest Rate Lock [Member]
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in OCI (effective portion)
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income (effective portion)
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion)
 
(3)
 
Investment and Other Income (Expense) [Member] | Cash Flow Hedges [Member] | Cross Currency Interest Rate Contract [Member]
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in OCI (effective portion)
 
 
69 
Total gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income (effective portion)
 
 
68 
Total gain (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion)
 
 
(10)
Cash Flow Hedges [Member]
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in OCI (effective portion)
 
 
69 
Total gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income (effective portion)
(1)
(1)
67 
Total gain (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion)
 
(3)
(10)
Net Investment Hedging [Member]
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in OCI (effective portion)
 
 
91 
Total gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income (effective portion)
 
 
88 
Total gain (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion)
 
 
(10)
Net Investment Hedging [Member] | Investment and Other Income (Expense) [Member] | Cross Currency Interest Rate Contract [Member]
 
 
 
Total gain (loss) recognized in OCI (effective portion)
 
 
22 
Total gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income (effective portion)
 
 
21 
Total gain (loss) recognized in income (ineffective portion)
 
 
 
Earnings per Share (Narrative) (Details)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Earnings per Share
 
 
 
Common stock purchased in open market
 
 
279 
Common stock purchased in open market, shares
10 
Earnings per Share (Schedule of Earnings per Share) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, except Per Share data
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Numerator:
 
 
 
Net earnings (loss) attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders
$ 222 
$ (27)
$ (190)
Denominator:
 
 
 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
206 
205 
210 
Dilutive options and awards
1
 
 
Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding
210 
205 
210 
Net earnings (loss) per share attributable to RR Donnelley common shareholders:
 
 
 
Basic
1.07 
(0.13)
(0.9)
Diluted
1.06 
(0.13)
(0.9)
Cash dividends paid per common share
$ 1.04 
$ 1.04 
$ 1.04 
Restricted Stock [Member]
 
 
 
Antidilutive securities
 
 
 
Antidilutive restricted stock units excluded from computation of earnings per share
Stock Options [Member]
 
 
 
Antidilutive securities
 
 
 
Antidilutive options to purchase
Stock and Incentive Programs for Employees (Narrative) (Details)
In Millions, except Share data
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
Mar. 31, 2012
3 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
2010
2009
2008
Oct. 29, 2008
Share-based compensation
 
 
29 
24 
22 
 
Unrecognized share-based compensation expense
 
33 
33 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation expense income tax benefit
 
 
11 
10 
 
Common stock reserved and authorized
 
17,000,000 
17,000,000 
 
 
 
Maximum term of award under PIP
 
 
10 
 
 
 
Common stock authorized and available
 
 
4,200,000 
 
 
 
Restricted stock units awarded vest
 
 
 
 
 
Rights granted of restricted stock unit awards accrue over vesting period, in years
 
 
 
 
Stock options granted
 
 
540,000 
1,520,468 
754,000 
 
Intrinsic value of options exercised
 
 
 
 
Grant date fair value of options
 
 
4.81 
1.47 
5.63 
 
Compensation expense recognized
 
 
 
Unrecognized compensation expense, weighted average period of recognition, in years
 
 
2.3 
 
 
 
Cash received from the option exercises
 
 
 
Tax benfit realized for tax deduction from option exercises
 
 
 
Excess tax benefits on stock option exercises
 
 
 
Restricted stock unit awards, vesting period, in years
 
 
2.4 
 
 
 
Granted performance share unit awards, amount payable
 
2.5 
 
 
 
 
Compensation expense related to award performance
 
 
 
Restricted stock units issued to directors, outstanding
 
 
145,459 
158,633 
223,000 
 
Restricted stock expense
 
 
 
 
Restricted stock income
 
 
 
 
 
Open market shares of common stock purchased
 
 
 
 
10,000,000 
 
Amount paid to purchase common stock on the open market
 
 
 
 
279 
 
Shares repurchased under the share repurchase program
 
 
 
 
 
Share repurchase program, authorizing repurchase, maximum
 
 
 
 
 
10,000,000 
Options Granted Between November 2004 and December 2006 [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
 
Options granted expiration period, in years
 
 
 
 
 
Restricted Stock [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unrecognized share-based compensation expense
 
 
29 
 
 
 
Compensation expense recognized
 
 
26 
22 
21 
 
Unrecognized compensation expense, weighted average period of recognition, in years
 
 
2.4 
 
 
 
Restricted stock units expected to vest
 
 
5,430,000 
5,480,000 
 
 
Weighted-average grant date fair value
 
 
12.96 
11.08 
 
 
Granted, shares
 
 
1,518,000 
 
 
 
Options Granted Prior to November 2004 and After December 2006 [Member] | After Date of Retirement [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
 
Options granted expiration period, in years
 
 
 
 
 
Options Granted Prior to November 2004 and After December 2006 [Member] | From Date of Grant [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
 
Options granted expiration period, in years
 
 
10 
 
 
 
Stock Options [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unrecognized share-based compensation expense
 
 
 
 
 
Unrecognized compensation expense, weighted average period of recognition, in years
 
 
2.3 
 
 
 
Minimum [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
 
Requisite service period of the award, in years
 
three 
 
 
 
 
Maximum [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
 
Requisite service period of the award, in years
 
four 
 
 
 
 
Performance Share Unit Awards [Member]
 
 
 
 
 
 
Granted, shares
 
 
 
Stock and Incentive Programs for Employees (Assumptions to Determine Fair Value) (Details)
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Stock and Incentive Programs for Employees
 
 
 
Expected volatility
0.3561 
0.2967 
0.2278 
Risk-free interest rate
0.0275 
0.0227 
0.0296 
Expected life (years)
6.25 
6.25 
6.25 
Expected dividend yield
0.0419 
0.0363 
0.0331 
Stock and Incentive Programs for Employees (Summary of Stock Option Activity) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, except Share data
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
Shares Under Option
 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2009
4,168,000 
 
Granted
540,000 
1,520,468 
Exercised
(265,000)
 
Cancelled / forfeited / expired
(288,000)
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
4,155,000 
4,168,000 
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2010
4,155,000 
 
Exercisable at December 31, 2010
427,000 
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2009
20.17 
 
Granted
19.89 
 
Exercised
9.04 
 
Cancelled / forfeited / expired
21.51 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
$ 20.80 
$ 20.17 
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2010
20.80 
 
Exercisable at December 31, 2010
8.89 
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2009
6.3 
6.4 
Granted
9.2 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
6.3 
6.4 
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2010
6.3 
 
Exercisable at December 31, 2010
6.9 
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2009
27 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
14 
27 
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2010
14 
 
Exercisable at December 31, 2010
 
Stock and Incentive Programs for Employees (Restricted Stock Units) (Details) (Restricted Stock [Member], USD $)
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2010
Nonvested at December 31, 2009, shares
5,480,000 
Granted, shares
1,518,000 
Vested, shares
(1,513,000)
Forfeited, shares
(55,000)
Nonvested at December 31, 2010, shares
5,430,000 
Nonvested at December 31, 2009, weighted-average grant date fair value
$ 11.08 
Granted, weighted-average grant date fair value
17.41 
Vested, weighted-average grant date fair value
11.13 
Forfeited, weighted-average grant date fair value
12.97 
Nonvested at December 31, 2010, weighted-average grant date fair value
$ 12.96 
Preferred Stock (Narrative) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions, except Per Share data
Dec. 31, 2010
Dec. 31, 2009
Preferred Stock
 
 
Preferred stock, authorized
Preferred stock, par value
$ 1 
$ 1 
Segment Information (Schedule of Segment Reporting Information) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Total Sales
$ 10,097 
$ 9,942 
$ 11,660 
Intersegment Sales
(78)
(84)
(78)
Net Sales
10,019 
9,857 
11,582 
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations
556 
344 
(41)
Assets of Continuing Operations
9,083 
8,748 
9,494 
Depreciation and Amortization
539 
579 
641 
Capital Expenditures
229 
195 
323 
Fixed assets
65 
65 
66 
Deferred compensation plan assets
47 
50 
45 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
 
60 
Investments in affordable housing
 
 
27 
Benefit plan assets
 
 
14 
US Print and Related Services [Member]
 
 
 
Percentage of net sales by segment
0.75 
 
 
Total Sales
7,559 
7,465 
8,723 
Intersegment Sales
(27)
(28)
(19)
Net Sales
7,532 
7,437 
8,704 
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations
639 
489 
709 
Assets of Continuing Operations
6,496 
6,318 
7,108 
Depreciation and Amortization
392 
422 
433 
Capital Expenditures
99 
101 
188 
International [Member]
 
 
 
Percentage of net sales by segment
0.25 
 
 
Total Sales
2,539 
2,477 
2,937 
Intersegment Sales
(52)
(57)
(60)
Net Sales
2,487 
2,420 
2,877 
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations
150 
(36)
(565)
Assets of Continuing Operations
2,461 
2,222 
1,976 
Depreciation and Amortization
115 
123 
166 
Capital Expenditures
88 
61 
104 
Total Operating Segments [Member]
 
 
 
Total Sales
10,097 
9,942 
11,660 
Intersegment Sales
(78)
(84)
(78)
Net Sales
10,019 
9,857 
11,582 
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations
788 
453 
144 
Assets of Continuing Operations
8,957 
8,539 
9,084 
Depreciation and Amortization
507 
545 
599 
Capital Expenditures
188 
162 
292 
Corporate [Member]
 
 
 
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations
(233)1
(109)1
(185)1
Assets of Continuing Operations
127 1
208 1
410 1
Depreciation and Amortization
32 1
34 1
41 1
Capital Expenditures
$ 42 1
$ 33 1
$ 31 1
Geographic Area and Product and Services Information (Net Sales and Long-Lived Assets) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Net sales
$ 10,019 
$ 9,857 
$ 11,582 
U.S. [Member]
 
 
 
Net sales
7,762 
7,647 
8,938 
Long-lived assets
2,014 1
2,080 1
2,346 1
Europe [Member]
 
 
 
Net sales
970 
1,064 
1,410 
Long-lived assets
219 1
282 1
277 1
Asia [Member]
 
 
 
Net sales
600 
471 
510 
Long-lived assets
173 1
169 1
181 1
Other [Member]
 
 
 
Net sales
687 
676 
724 
Long-lived assets
209 1
175 1
153 1
Combined [Member]
 
 
 
Net sales
10,019 
9,857 
11,582 
Long-lived assets
$ 2,614 1
$ 2,706 1
$ 2,956 1
Geographic Area and Product and Services Information (Net Sales) (Details) (USD $)
In Millions
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2010
2009
2008
Total products
$ 8,956 
$ 8,925 
$ 10,465 
Total services
1,063 
932 
1,117 
Total net sales
10,019 
9,857 
11,582 
Magazines, Catalogs and Retail Inserts [Member]
 
 
 
Total products
2,361 
2,488 
3,184 
Books and Directories [Member]
 
 
 
Total products
2,037 
1,979 
2,165 
Variable Printing [Member]
 
 
 
Total products
1,646 
1,454 
1,554 
Forms and Labels [Member]
 
 
 
Total products
1,064 
1,105 
1,243 
Commercial Printing [Member]
 
 
 
Total products
759 1
861 1
947 1
Financial Print [Member]
 
 
 
Total products
577 
488 
646 
Global Turnkey Solutions [Member]
 
 
 
Total products
301 
322 
455 
Office Products [Member]
 
 
 
Total products
212 
229 
272 
Logistics Services [Member]
 
 
 
Total services
616 
509 
667 
Premedia and Related Services [Member]
 
 
 
Total services
165 
161 
179 
Business Process Outsourcing and Other [Member]
 
 
 
Total services
$ 281 
$ 262 
$ 271