Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - shares	Sep. 30, 2018	Nov. 02, 2018
Document And Entity Information
Entity Registrant Name	Corindus Vascular Robotics, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0001528557
Document Type	10-Q
Trading Symbol	CVRS
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2018
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Small Business	true
Entity's Reporting Status Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		191,322,988
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2018

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 29,633	$ 17,458
Accounts receivable	2,557	2,863
Inventories, net	2,674	2,103
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	923	539
Total current assets	35,787	22,963
Property and equipment, net	1,706	1,452
Deposits and other assets	386	151
Total assets	37,879	24,566
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	2,385	2,416
Accrued expenses	2,940	3,637
Customer deposits		93
Deferred revenue	566	339
Current portion of capital lease obligation	55	49
Total current liabilities	5,946	6,534
Long-term Liabilities:
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	364	342
Long-term capital lease obligation, net of current portion	61	102
Other liabilities	73	73
Long-term debt	11,681
Warrant liability	170
Total long-term liabilities	12,349	517
Total liabilities	18,295	7,051
Preferred stock:
Total preferred stock	22,200
Stockholders' equity (deficit):
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 350,000,000 shares authorized; 191,193,613 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2018 and 188,764,851 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017	19	19
Additional paid-in capital	205,320	198,337
Accumulated deficit	(207,955)	(180,841)
Total stockholders' equity (deficit)	(2,616)	17,515
Total liabilities, preferred stock and stockholders' equity (deficit)	37,879	$ 24,566
Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
Preferred stock:
Total preferred stock	20,564
Series A-1 Preferred Stock [Member]
Preferred stock:
Total preferred stock	$ 1,636

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, authorized shares	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred stock, designated shares	2,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, authorized shares	350,000,000	350,000,000
Common stock, issued shares	191,193,613	188,764,851
Common stock, outstanding shares	191,193,613	188,764,851
Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
Series Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Series Preferred stock, issued shares	1,000,000	0
Series Preferred stock, outstanding shares	1,000,000	0
Preferred stock, designated shares	1,000,000	0
Series A-1 Preferred Stock [Member]
Series Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Series Preferred stock, issued shares	40,400	0
Series Preferred stock, outstanding shares	40,400	0
Preferred stock, designated shares	1,000,000	0

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 2,958	$ 2,425	$ 6,108	$ 5,460
Cost of revenue	1,834	2,183	5,914	6,275
Gross profit (loss)	1,124	242	194	(815)
Operating expenses:
Research and development	2,035	2,493	6,170	7,546
Selling, general and administrative	6,368	5,588	20,697	17,566
Restructuring charge			349
Total operating expense	8,403	8,081	27,216	25,112
Operating loss	(7,279)	(7,839)	(27,022)	(25,927)
Other income (expense)
Warrant revaluation	(60)		40
Interest, net	(256)	(14)	(572)	(225)
Total other income (expense), net	(316)	(14)	(532)	(225)
Net loss	(7,595)	(7,853)	(27,554)	(26,152)
Accretion of beneficial conversion feature of Series A preferred stock			(5,236)
Dividends on preferred stock	(758)		(1,636)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (8,353)	$ (7,853)	$ (34,426)	$ (26,152)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders--basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.04)	$ (0.04)	$ (0.18)	$ (0.15)
Weighted-average common shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders--basic and diluted (in shares)	189,377,532	187,301,161	188,996,429	168,993,532
Comprehensive loss:
Net loss	$ (7,595)	$ (7,853)	$ (27,554)	$ (26,152)
Comprehensive loss	$ (7,595)	$ (7,853)	$ (27,554)	$ (26,152)

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) - 9 months ended Sep. 30, 2018 - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Preferred Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Accumulated Deficit [Member]	Total
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2017		$ 19	$ 198,337	$ (180,841)	$ 17,515
Beginning balance, (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		188,764,851			188,764,851
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles				440	$ 440
Stock-based compensation expense			2,239		2,239
Issuance of Series A preferred stock in connection with private placement, net of issuance costs of $329	$ 20,564
Issuance of Series A preferred stock in connection with private placement, net of issuance costs of $329 (in shares)	1,000,000
Issuance of warrants in connection with private placement			4,108		4,108
Beneficial conversion feature of Series A preferred stock	$ (5,236)		5,236		5,236
Accretion of beneficial conversion feature of Series A preferred stock	5,236		(5,236)		(5,236)
Accrued dividends on Series A preferred stock	626		(626)		(626)
Issuance of Series A-1 preferred stock as dividends on Series A preferred stock			(1,010)		(1,010)
Issuance of Series A-1 preferred stock as dividends on Series A preferred stock shares	$ 1,010
Issuance of Series A-1 preferred stock as dividends on Series A preferred stock (in shares)	40,400
Issuance of common stock in connection with at-the-market offering, net of issuance costs of $318			2,158		2,158
Issuance of common stock in connection with at-the-market offering, net of issuance costs of $318 (in shares)		2,127,355
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)		113,854
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options			108		108
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options (in shares)		180,587
Common stock withheld to pay statutory minimum withholding taxes on exercise of stock options			(13)		(13)
Common stock withheld to pay statutory minimum withholding taxes on exercise of stock options (in shares)		(12,048)
Issuance of common stock			19		19
Issuance of common stock (in shares)		19,014
Net loss				(27,554)	(27,554)
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2018	$ 22,200	$ 19	$ 205,320	$ (207,955)	$ (2,616)
Ending balance, (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2018	1,040,400	191,193,613			191,193,613

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) (Parenthetical) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($)
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Issuance costs	$ 329
Issuance costs in connection with at-the-market offering	$ 318

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Operating activities
Net loss	$ (27,554)	$ (26,152)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	509	532
Stock-based compensation expense	2,258	2,194
Accretion of interest expense	220	101
Write down of inventories	246	299
Warrant liability revaluation	(40)
Loss on disposal of property and equipment	61
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	306	(871)
Due from related party		250
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(346)	135
Inventories	(1,233)	(2,006)
Deposits and other assets	131	3
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	(969)	684
Customer deposits	(93)	1,038
Deferred revenue	330	(254)
Net cash used in operating activities	(26,174)	(24,047)
Investing activities
Purchase of property and equipment	(408)	(74)
Collection of notes receivable		71
Net cash used in investing activities	(408)	(3)
Financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of Series A preferred stock and warrants, net of issuance costs	24,671
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt and warrants, net of deferred financing costs and discounts	11,626
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs	2,400	44,611
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	108	58
Payments for withholding taxes on stock option exercises	(13)
Payments on debt		(3,606)
Payments on capital lease obligation	(35)
Net cash provided by financing activities	38,757	41,063
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	12,175	17,013
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	17,458	9,183
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	29,633	26,196
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
Fair value of warrants issued with Series A Preferred Stock	4,162
Fair value of warrants issued with long-term debt	210
Transfer from inventories to property and equipment in the field	416	488
Accrued dividends on Series A preferred stock	626
Issuance of Series A-1 preferred stock as dividends on Series A preferred stock	1,010
Interest paid	572	$ 150
Financing costs included in accounts payable and accrued expenses	$ 242

Nature of Operations

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Nature of Operations

Note 1

Nature of Operations

The Company

Corindus Vascular Robotics, Inc. (the “Company”), a Delaware corporation, has its corporate headquarters, manufacturing and a research and development facility in Waltham, Massachusetts and the Company is engaged in the design, manufacture and sales of precision vascular robotic-assisted systems (the “CorPath System”) for use in interventional vascular procedures.

The Company’s future capital requirements will depend upon many factors, including progress with developing, manufacturing and marketing its technologies, the time and costs involved in preparing, filing, prosecuting, maintaining and enforcing patent claims and other proprietary rights, its ability to establish collaborative arrangements, marketing activities and competing technological and market developments, including regulatory changes affecting medical procedure reimbursement, and overall economic conditions in the Company’s target markets.

Liquidity

On March 16, 2018, the Company closed on a private placement of convertible preferred stock for net proceeds of $24,671. The preferred stock is convertible into an aggregate of 20,000,000 shares of common stock and is entitled to receive non-compounding dividends in additional shares of preferred stock, at the rate of 12% per annum, subject to reduction in the event certain milestones are achieved. The preferred stock purchasers were also issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 8,750,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.40 per share, exercisable either for cash or on a cashless basis. See Note 5 for additional details.

On March 16, 2018, the Company also completed a financing arrangement with two lenders which provides for borrowings of up to $26,000 in the form of up to $23,000 in term loans and up to a $3,000 revolving line-of-credit through March 2022. The Company received $11,626 in net proceeds under the term loan facility and $0 in principal under the revolving loan facility. An additional $5,500 in term loans may become available in the future provided the Company has achieved a specified gross profit milestone prior to January 1, 2019, and an additional $5,500 may become available provided the Company receives net cash proceeds of $30,000 from a future sale of the Company’s equity securities prior to July 1, 2019 and achieves a specified gross profit milestone prior to September 1, 2019. Until such time that the Company achieves the specified criteria, the additional term loans are not available to the Company. As of September 30, 2018, the Company has not achieved the gross profit or equity financing milestones, and the Company can provide no assurance that it will achieve the gross profit or equity financing milestones that will trigger the Company’s ability to further draw the term loan facility. The revolving line-of-credit also has various clauses which restrict its availability and for which the Company currently does not meet such restrictions. See Note 4 for additional details.

On August 31, 2018, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement with Cowen and Company, LLC. See Note 5 for additional details. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company received net proceeds of $2,158 under the Sales Agreement through the sale of its common stock.

As of September 30, 2018, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $207,955, cash and cash equivalents of $29,633 and working capital of $29,841. The Company has evaluated whether or not its cash and cash equivalents on hand at November 7, 2018 would be sufficient to sustain projected operating activities through the twelve months from the filing of the Form 10-Q (the “evaluation period”) as required by Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 205-40 Disclosure of Uncertainties About an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. Based on its current forecasts, the Company anticipates that these resources will not be sufficient to meet the Company’s cash requirements during the evaluation period. However, the Company expects it would be able to raise future non-dilutive and/or dilutive financings, could implement contingency plans to mitigate the risk and extend cash resources through the evaluation period, and may be able to generate incremental revenue beyond those forecasted during the evaluation period. Since these mitigating factors are not considered probable under current accounting standards, they are not considered in the evaluation of available resources and the Company’s plans at November 7, 2018. Therefore, substantial doubt exists about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

As the Company continues to incur losses, its transition to profitability is dependent upon achieving a level of revenues adequate to support its cost structure. The Company may never achieve profitability, and unless and until doing so, the Company intends to fund future operations through additional non-dilutive or dilutive financings. There can be no assurances, however, that additional funding will be available on terms acceptable to the Company, if at all.

Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2

Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial statements for interim periods in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The information included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (“2017 Form 10-K”). The Company’s accounting policies are described in the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” in the 2017 Form 10-K and are updated, as necessary, in this Form 10-Q. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data presented for comparative purposes was derived from the audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year or for any other subsequent interim period.

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Corindus, Inc. and Corindus Security Corporation. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The functional currency of both wholly-owned subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar and, therefore, the Company has not recorded any currency translation adjustments.

In the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company participated in the formation of a not-for-profit, which was established to generate awareness of the health risks linked to the use of fluoroscopy in hospital catheterization. As of September 30, 2018, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and one of its senior executives represented two of the three voting members of the board of directors of the entity. As a result, under the voting model used for the consolidation of related parties which are controlled by a company, the Company has consolidated the financial statements of the entity and recognized expenses of $6 and $5 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $17 and $51 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and other income of $0 and $40 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, and $0 and $0 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. The entity had assets and liabilities of $40 and $4, respectively, on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2018 and had assets and liabilities of $15 and $7, respectively, on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017.

Segment Information

The Company operates in one business segment, which is the design, manufacture and sale of precision vascular robotic-assisted systems for use in interventional vascular procedures. Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. To date, the chief operating decision-maker has made such decisions and assessed performance at the company level, as one segment. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker is the Chief Executive Officer.

Use of Estimates

The process of preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Such management estimates include those relating to revenue recognition, inventory valuation, assumptions used in the valuation of the Company’s preferred stock and warrants, valuation of stock-based awards, and valuation allowances against deferred income tax assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Significant Customers

The table below sets forth the Company’s customers that accounted for greater than 10% of its revenues for either the three or nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively:

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
Customer	2018			2017			2018			2017
A		33	%		12	%		22	%		19	%
B		25	%		—	%		24	%		5	%
C		11	%		—	%		5	%		—	%
D		7	%		22	%		10	%		10	%
E		—	%		22	%		—	%		10	%
F		—	%		19	%		—	%		8	%
G		1	%		11	%		1	%		8	%
H		1	%		1	%		1	%		15	%

Customers A, B and C accounted for 43%, 28% and 14%, respectively, of the Company’s accounts receivable balance at September 30, 2018. Given the current revenue levels, in a period in which a customer purchases a CorPath System, that customer is likely to represent a significant customer.

Revenues from domestic customers were $1,757 and $2,100 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $4,479 and $4,430 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Revenues from international customers were $1,201 and $325 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $1,629 and $1,030 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has no significant off-balance sheet risk such as foreign exchange contracts, option contracts, or other hedging arrangements.

Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, the Company generally defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The Company uses a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which classifies the inputs used in measuring fair values. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

●

Level 1 - inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

●

Level 2 - inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. If the asset or liability has a specified (contractual) term, a Level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

●

Level 3 - inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

At September 30, 2018, the Company had two items, its cash equivalents and warrant liability, measured at fair value on a recurring basis. At December 31, 2017, the Company had no assets that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company had cash equivalents totaling $25,595 and $0 at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, which were valued based on Level l inputs. The warrant liability relates to warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock that were issued to the Company’s lenders in connection with a debt financing arrangement executed on March 16, 2018. See Note 4 for additional details. The fair value of these warrants was determined based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

In order to determine the fair value of these warrants, the Company utilized a Monte-Carlo simulation in combination with a Black-Scholes option model. Estimates and assumptions impacting the fair value measurement include the fair value of the underlying shares of common stock, the remaining contractual term of the warrant, risk-free interest rate, expected dividend yield, expected volatility of the price of the underlying preferred stock and management’s assessment of the probability of additional borrowing on the credit facility. Due to the available public market information for the Company’s common stock for only a limited period of time, the Company estimates its expected stock volatility based on a blended approach utilizing the Company’s historical volatility and the historical volatility of publicly traded guideline companies for a term equal to the estimated remaining contractual term of the warrants. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve for time periods approximately equal to the remaining contractual term of the warrants. The Company estimated no expected dividend yield based on the fact that the Company has never paid or declared dividends and does not intend to do so in the foreseeable future. The Company also estimated the number of shares issuable under the warrant based upon its assessment of the timing and amounts of future advances drawn under the financing arrangement.

The assumptions that the Company used to determine the fair value of these warrants are as follows:

	March 16, 2018 (Date of Issuance)	September 30, 2018
Volatility	75% to 83%	78%
Risk-free interest rate	2.8%	2.8%
Estimated term (in years)	8.5 to 10	8.5 to 9.5

The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company’s common stock warrant based on Level 3 inputs:

Balance at December 31, 2017	$	—
Issuance of warrants in connection with debt financing arrangement		210
Revaluation of warrants		(40	)
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	170

The Company’s financial instruments of deposits and other assets are carried at cost and approximate their fair values given the liquid nature of such items. The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt and capital lease obligation approximates their carrying values due to their recent negotiation and variable market rate for the long-term debt.

Cash Equivalents

The Company considers highly liquid short-term investments, which consists of money market funds, to be cash equivalents. From time to time, the Company’s cash balances may exceed federal deposit insurance limits.

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. The Company routinely monitors the recoverability of its inventory and records the lower of cost or net realizable value reserves based on current selling prices and reserves for excess and obsolete inventory based on historical and forecasted usage, as required. Scrap and excess manufacturing costs are charged to cost of revenue as incurred and not capitalized as part of inventories. The Company only capitalizes pre-launch inventories when purchased for commercial use and it deems regulatory approval to be probable.

Customer Deposits

Customer deposits represent cash received from customers for whom related products have not been delivered or services have not yet been performed.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Adoption of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Company adopted Topic 606 on January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method for all contracts not completed as of the date of adoption. The reported results for 2018 reflect the application of Topic 606 guidance while the reported results for 2017 were prepared under the guidance of ASC 605, Revenue Recognition (ASC 605), which is also referred to herein as “legacy GAAP” or the “previous guidance.” The adoption of Topic 606 resulted in a cumulative impact of $353 related to revenue and $87 related to capitalized contract costs as of adoption date. The adoption of Topic 606 represents a change in accounting principle that will more closely align revenue recognition with the delivery of the Company’s products to its customers and will provide financial statement readers with enhanced disclosures.

Financial Statement Impact of Adopting Topic 606

The cumulative effect of applying the new guidance to all contracts with customers that were not completed as of December 31, 2017, was recorded as an adjustment to accumulated deficit as of the adoption date. As a result of applying the modified retrospective method to adopt the new revenue guidance, the following adjustments were made to accounts on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018:

	As Reported at December 31, 2017			Adjustments Due to Topic 606			Balance at January 1, 2018
Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	539		$	38		$	577
Deposits and other assets	$	151		$	321		$	472

Liabilities:
Deferred revenue	$	339		$	(68	)	$	271
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	$	342		$	(13	)	$	329

Stockholders’ equity:
Accumulated deficit	$	(180,841	)	$	440		$	(180,401	)

The following tables compare the reported condensed consolidated balance sheets and statements of operations, as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, to the pro-forma amounts as if the previous guidance had been in effect:

	As of September 30, 2018
Balance Sheet	As reported			Pro-forma as if the previous guidance was in effect
Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	923		$	713
Deposits and other assets	$	386		$	198

Liabilities:
Deferred revenue	$	566		$	597
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	$	364		$	406

Stockholders’ equity:
Accumulated deficit	$	(207,955	)	$	(208,426	)

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Statement of Operations	As reported			Pro-forma as if the previous guidance was in effect			As reported			Pro-forma as if the previous guidance was in effect
Revenue	$	2,958		$	3,018		$	6,108		$	6,180
Selling, general and administrative		6,368			6,484			20,697			20,800
Net loss	$	(7,595	)	$	(7,651	)	$	(27,554	)	$	(27,585	)

Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(8,353	)	$	(8,401	)	$	(34,426	)	$	(33,831	)

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders-basic and diluted	$	(0.04	)	$	(0.04	)	$	(0.18	)	$	(0.18	)

The most significant impact was the recognition pattern for promised goods and services related to the Company’s service plans. The new standard requires revenues to be estimated and recognized upon transfer of the promised goods and services, which resulted in a cumulative adjustment of approximately $353. Under the new standard, the Company was able to recognize limited revenues upon delivery of certain promised goods, prior to the customers being invoiced based on the contractual arrangement with the Company. Specifically, the Company sells certain extended service plans which may include a specified upgrade or an unspecified upgrade right. Under legacy GAAP, the Company recognized revenue for service plans ratably over the term of the services to be provided. Under the new standard, the Company concluded that the service plans and upgrade rights were distinct performance obligations, and therefore would be recognized as the individual components of the service were delivered. The Company determined that the service component of the plans would continue to be recognized ratably over the term of the agreement, whereas the unspecified upgrade component would be recognized ratably over the term of the unspecified upgrade right, and the specified upgrade component would be recognized at a point in time upon delivery. The change in the timing of revenue recognition is primarily related to the impact associated with the accelerated recognition of specified upgrades. Another impact relates to the requirement to capitalize incremental costs to acquire new contracts, which consist of sales commissions. During previous periods, these costs were expensed as incurred. Adoption of the new standard resulted in the capitalization of $87 of such incremental costs as of January 1, 2018.

Revenue Recognition

The Company generates revenues primarily from the sale of the CorPath System, CorPath Cassettes, accessories and service contracts. Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that an entity determines are within the scope of the new revenue recognition accounting standard, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identifies the contract with a customer; (ii) identifies the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determines the transaction price; (iv) allocates the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognizes revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract and determines those that are performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.

Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring products or services to a customer. To the extent the transaction price includes variable consideration, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing the expected value method to which it expects to be entitled. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in the Company’s judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. Estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of the Company’s anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available. Sales, value add, and other taxes collected on behalf of third parties are excluded from revenue.

When determining the transaction price of a contract, an adjustment is made if payment from a customer occurs either significantly before or significantly after performance, resulting in a significant financing component. The Company does not assess whether a significant financing component exists if the period between when it performs its obligations under the contract and when the customer pays is one year or less. For contracts where the period between performance and payment is greater than one year, the Company assesses whether a significant financing component exists, by applying a discount rate to the expected cash collections. If this difference is significant, the Company will conclude that a significant financing component exists. The Company identified a small number of contracts where the period between performance and payment was greater than one year; however, none of the Company’s contracts contained a significant financing component as of September 30, 2018.

Contracts that are modified to account for changes in contract specifications and requirements are assessed to determine if the modification either creates new or changes the existing enforceable rights and obligations. Generally, contract modifications are for products or services that are not distinct from the existing contract due to the inability to use, consume or sell the products or services on their own to generate economic benefits and are accounted for as if they were part of that existing contract. The effect of a contract modification on the transaction price and measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates, is recognized as an adjustment to revenue (either as an increase in or a reduction of revenue) on a cumulative catch-up basis.

Revenue is generally recognized when the customer obtains control of our product, which occurs at a point in time, and may be upon shipment or upon delivery based on the contractual shipping terms of a contract, or upon installation when the combined performance obligation is not distinct within the context of the contract. Service revenue is generally recognized over time as the services are delivered to the customer based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services to be provided. Services are expected to be delivered to the customer throughout the term of the contract and the Company believes recognizing revenue ratably over the term of the contract best depicts the transfer of value to the customer.

If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. The Company enters into certain contracts that have multiple performance obligations, one or more of which may be delivered subsequent to the delivery of other performance obligations. These performance obligations may include installation, training, maintenance and support services, and cassettes. The Company allocates the transaction price based on the estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised products or services underlying each performance obligation. The Company determines standalone selling prices based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the standalone selling price is not observable through past transactions, the Company estimates the standalone selling price considering available information such as market conditions and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations. Revenue is then allocated to the performance obligations using the relative selling prices of each of the performance obligations in the contract.

For all performance obligations, the Company determines the revenue for each deliverable based on its relative selling price in the contract and recognizes revenue upon delivery of the product or service, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. Revenue for equipment is recognized when the equipment has been delivered, and installation and training have been completed. Revenue for cassettes and option equipment is recognized when the goods have been delivered. Revenue for maintenance and support services is recognized ratably over the term of the service contract.

Contract Assets

Contract assets include unbilled amounts for primarily maintenance and support service and future cassette purchases where revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer, and the Company’s right to bill is not until the maintenance and support service period commence or the cassettes are delivered. Amounts may not exceed their net realizable value. Short-term contract assets are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets in 2018. Long-term contract assets are included in deposits and other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets in 2018.

Deferred Contract Costs

The Company’s incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract, which generally consist of sales commissions, are deferred and amortized over the period of contract performance. Applying the practical expedient, the Company recognizes sales commission expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that it otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. At September 30, 2018 and January 1, 2018, the Company had $71 and $87 of deferred commissions, respectively. At times, the Company has other incremental costs associated with obtaining a contract which are deferred until the revenues from the related contract are recognized. At September 30, 2018, the Company had $119 of other deferred contract costs. There were no other similar deferred contract costs at January 1, 2018. Deferred contract costs are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets, and deposits and other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets in 2018. The Company had $9 and $21, respectively, of amortization of deferred commissions during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. These costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. There was no amortization of other deferred contract costs during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Contract Liabilities

The Company’s contract liabilities consist of advance payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized (deferred revenue and customer deposits). The Company’s contract assets and liabilities are reported in a net position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. The Company classifies deferred revenue as current or noncurrent based on the timing of when it expects to recognize revenue. In order to determine revenue recognized in the period from contract liabilities, the Company first allocates revenue to the individual contract liability balance outstanding at the beginning of the period until the revenue exceeds that balance. If additional advances are received on those contracts in subsequent periods, the Company assumes all revenue recognized in the reporting period first applies to the beginning contract liability as opposed to a portion applying to the new advances for the period.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes revenue by revenue source for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Major Products/ Service Lines
Product revenue	$	2,823	$	5,742
Service revenue		135		366
Total	$	2,958	$	6,108

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Products transferred at a point in time	$	2,823	$	5,742
Services transferred over time		135		366
Total	$	2,958	$	6,108

Product Revenue

The Company generates revenue through the commercial production and sale of precision vascular robotic-assisted systems, and the single use accessories used in conjunction with such systems.

Revenue from the sale of products is recognized at a point in time when the customer obtains control of the product. The Company recognizes system revenue when the CorPath System is delivered and installed and accepted by the end user customer. The Company recognizes cassette revenue when the related cassettes have been shipped or delivered to the end customer based on the terms of the arrangement or contract. All costs related to product sales are recognized at time of delivery. The Company does not provide for rights of return to customers on product sales and, therefore, does not record a provision for returns.

Service Revenue

Revenue generated from maintenance and support service contracts is typically recognized ratably over the term of the service contract.

Deferred Revenues

The Company records deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of performance. Amounts received prior to satisfying the related performance obligations are recorded as deferred revenue in the accompanying balance sheets.

Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations

Topic 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of September 30, 2018.

The following table includes estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially satisfied) as of September 30, 2018.

	Less than 1 year		Greater than 1 year		Total
Product revenue	$	1,109	$	941	$	2,050
Service and other revenue		541		479		1,020
Total	$	1,650	$	1,420	$	3,070

Contract Balances from Contracts with Customers

Contract assets consist of unbilled amounts at the reporting date and are transferred to accounts receivable when the rights become unconditional. Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and customer deposits. The following table presents changes in contract assets and contract liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

	Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		Subtractions			Balance at End of Period
Contract assets	$	272	$	36	$	(110	)	$	198
Contract acquisition and fulfillment costs:
Deferred contract costs	$	87	$	124	$	(21	)	$	190
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenue	$	693	$	557	$	(320	)	$	930

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recognized the following revenues as a result of changes in the contract asset and the contract liability balances in the respective periods:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Revenue recognized in the period from:
Amounts included in the contract liability at the beginning of the period	$	133	$	320
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods	$	45	$	45

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.

When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue after control of the goods or services is transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Customer Contract

Prior to the adoption of Topic 606, the Company expensed incremental commissions paid to sales representatives for obtaining product sales as well as service contracts. Under Topic 606, the Company currently capitalizes these incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts unless the capitalization and amortization of such costs are not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements. Capitalized commissions are amortized based on the transfer of the products or services to which the assets relate. Applying the practical expedient in paragraph ASC 340-40-25-4, the Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. These costs are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses. The Company accounts for shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers as costs to fulfill the promise to transfer the associated products.

Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

The Company reviews the terms of warrants issued in connection with the applicable accounting guidance and classifies warrants as a long-term liability on the consolidated balance sheets if the warrants do not meet the equity criteria when the number of shares issuable are variable. Warrants to purchase shares of common stock issued in connection with the Company’s long-term debt agreement met these criteria because the number of shares will vary with additional draws on the debt and therefore required liability classification. Liability-classified warrants are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date, and any change in fair value is recognized as a component of other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company estimated the fair value of these warrants at issuance and each balance sheet date thereafter using the Black-Scholes Model based on the estimated market value of the underlying common stock at the valuation measurement date, the remaining contractual term of the warrant, risk-free interest rates, expected dividends and expected volatility of the price of the underlying common stock.

The Company classifies warrants within stockholders’ equity on the consolidated balance sheets if the warrants are considered to be indexed to the Company’s own capital stock, and otherwise would be recorded in stockholders’ equity. Warrants to purchase common stock issued in connection with the Company’s private placement of convertible preferred stock met these criteria and, therefore, were equity classified.

The table below is a summary of the Company’s warrant activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

	Number of Warrants		Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at December 31, 2017		355,028	$	1.41
Granted		8,891,287	$	1.40
Exercised		—		—
Expired		—		—
Outstanding at September 30, 2018		9,246,315	$	1.40

Stock-Based Compensation

As indicated in Note 2, the Company adopted ASU 2018-07 effective July 1, 2018. Subsequent to the adoption of ASU 2018-07, the Company recognizes compensation costs resulting from the issuance of service stock-based awards to employees, non-employees and directors as an expense in the consolidated statements of operations over the requisite service period based on a measurement of fair value for each stock award. The awards issued to date have primarily been stock options with service-based vesting periods over two or four years, restricted stock units with service-based vesting periods of one year, and shares of common stock. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2018-07, the Company recognized compensation costs resulting from the issuance of stock-based awards to non-employees as an expense in the consolidated statements of operations over the service period based on a measurement of fair value for each stock award at each performance date and period end. During 2016, the Company also issued certain stock-based awards that contain both performance and service-based vesting conditions which vested over 25 months. The Company recorded expense on these awards when it became probable that the performance condition and requisite service were met.

Upon vesting of the restricted stock units, the Company issues shares of its common stock which have a required holding period of 36 months from the date of grant of the restricted stock unit. As a result, the Company values the restricted stock units based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant less a discount for lack of marketability during the holding period.

During 2018, the Company issued certain stock-based awards that contain both market and service-based vesting conditions. Each of these stock-based awards is contingent on the recipient still providing services to the Company or its affiliates on the date of such achievement. Portions of the awards vest upon the Company’s stock price achieving certain targets for a period of at least twenty consecutive trading days at any time before May 31, 2021. The Company estimated the fair value of these market condition stock-based awards using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which involves a series of random scenarios that may take different future price paths over the award’s contractual life. The grant date fair value is determined by taking the average of the grant date fair values under each of many Monte Carlo simulations. The determination of the fair value is affected by the Company’s stock price, as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables including its expected stock price volatility over the expected term of the awards, and risk-free interest rate. The total number of shares of common stock that are subject to issuance under these market condition stock-based awards is 5,183,322 shares. The Company records expense on these stock-based awards ratably over the expected term of the award.

Research and Development

Costs for research and development are expensed as incurred. Research and development expense consists primarily of salaries, salary related expenses and costs of contractors and materials. Cash receipts from collaboration agreements accounted for under ASC 808, Collaborative Arrangements, are netted against the related research and development expenses in the period received and totaled $280 and $772, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. There were no such items during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method, whereby deferred tax asset and liability account balances are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company provides a valuation allowance, if necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts that are realizable. Consistent with all prior periods, the Company did not record any income tax benefit for its operating losses for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 due to the uncertainty regarding future taxable income.

On December 22, 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“SAB 118”), which allows the recording of provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. The final impact may differ from this provisional amount due to, among other things, changes in interpretations and assumptions the Company has made thus far and the issuance of additional regulatory or other guidance. The Company expects to complete the final impact within the measurement period. As of September 30, 2018, we have not recorded incremental accounting adjustments related to the SAB 118 as we continue to consider interpretations of its application.

Net Loss per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed using the sum of the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period and, if dilutive, the weighted-average number of potential common shares, including the assumed exercise of share options.

The Company applies the two-class method to calculate its basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, as its Series A and Series A-1 preferred shares are participating securities. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that treats a participating security as having rights to earnings that otherwise would have been available to common stockholders. However, for the periods presented, the two-class method does not impact the net loss per common share as the Company was in a net loss position for each of the periods presented and holders of Series A and Series A-1 preferred shares do not participate in losses.

The Company’s Series A and Series A-1 preferred shares contractually entitle the holders of such shares to participate in dividends but do not contractually require the holders of such shares to participate in losses of the Company. Accordingly, for periods in which the Company reports a net loss attributable to common stockholders, diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is the same as basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, since dilutive common shares are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which was amended by ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements. The new guidance requires lessee recognition on the balance sheet of a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. It further requires recognition in the income statement of a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term generally on a straight-line basis. Finally, it requires classification of all cash payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. The standard requires a transition adoption election using either 1) a modified retrospective approach with periods prior to the adoption date being recast or 2) a prospective adoption approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment recognized to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date with prior periods not recast. The Company anticipates adopting this standard on January 1, 2019 using the prospective adoption approach. While the Company continues to assess all of the effects of ASU 2018-11 adoption, including the election of allowable practical expedients, it currently believes the most significant effects relate to (1) the recognition of new ROU assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet for its office operating lease; and (2) providing significant new disclosures about its leasing activities.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which reduces diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. It is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017 and will be required to be applied retrospectively, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this update on January 1, 2018 and the adoption had no impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Scope of Modification Accounting, which clarifies when to account for a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award as a modification. Under the new guidance, modification accounting is required only if the fair value, the vesting conditions, or the classification of the award (as equity or liability) changes as a result of the change in terms or conditions. It is effective prospectively for annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this update on January 1, 2018 and the adoption had no impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Stock-based Compensation: Improvements to Nonemployee Share-based Payment Accounting, which amends the existing accounting standards for share-based payments to nonemployees. This ASU aligns much of the guidance on measuring and classifying nonemployee awards with that of awards to employees. Under the new guidance, the measurement of nonemployee equity awards is fixed on the grant date. This ASU becomes effective in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and early adoption is permitted but no earlier than an entity’s adoption date of Topic 606. Entities will apply the ASU by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the annual period of adoption. The Company adopted this update on July 1, 2018 and the adoption had no material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Inventories

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventories

Note 3

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the FIFO method and consist of the following:

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Raw material	$	1,115	$	945
Work in progress		727		310
Finished goods		832		848
Total	$	2,674	$	2,103

Long-Term Debt

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt

Note 4

Long-Term Debt

On March 16, 2018, the Company completed a financing arrangement with two lenders which provides for borrowings of up to $26,000 in the form of up to $23,000 in term loans and up to a $3,000 revolving line-of-credit through March 2022.

Term Loan.

As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $12,000 in principal outstanding under the term loan facility and $0 in principal outstanding under the revolving loan facility. The initial term loan was made on March 16, 2018 in the amount of $12,000 (Term A Loan) and is repayable in equal monthly installments of principal and interest over 30 months beginning on October 1, 2019. Prior to October 1, 2019, the Company is required to make interest only payments. Term A Loan bears interest at a rate equal to the greater of (a) the ICE Benchmark LIBOR Rate plus 7.25% or (b) 8.83%. The interest rate in effect on Term A Loan was 9.4% at September 30, 2018.

An additional $5,500 in term loans may become available in the future provided the Company has achieved a specified gross profit milestone prior to January 1, 2019, and an additional $5,500 may become available provided the Company draws on the first $5,500 term loan, receives net cash proceeds of $30,000 from a future sale of the Company’s equity prior to July 1, 2019 and achieves a specified gross profit milestone prior to September 1, 2019. Until such time that the Company achieves the specified criteria, the additional term loans are not available to the Company. The Company can provide no assurances that it will achieve the gross profit or equity financing milestones that will trigger the Company’s ability to further draw the term loan facility. The outstanding principal under the revolving line bears interest at a floating rate per annum equal to the greater of (i) 5.0% and (ii) the sum of (a) the “prime rate,” as reported in the Wall Street Journal, plus (b) 0.5%, which interest is payable monthly. Both loan facilities are secured by substantially all of the Company’s personal property other than the Company’s intellectual property. Both loan facilities include customary affirmative and negative covenants. Upon the earlier of the second advance under the term loan facility or the first advance under the revolving loan facility, the Company must also achieve minimum revenue on a monthly basis measured against a percentage of the Company’s Board of Directors-approved projections for the applicable fiscal year. The Company’s failure to satisfy the revenue, or any other, covenant could result in an event of default under the loan facilities. At the Company’s option, the Company may prepay the outstanding principal balance of any term loan in whole but not in part, subject to a prepayment fee of 2.5% of any amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs through and including the first anniversary of the term loan being issued, 1.5% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs after the first anniversary of the term loan being issued through and including the second anniversary of the term loan being issued, or 1.0% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs after the second anniversary of the Effective Date through and including the third anniversary of the term loan being issued. The Company is also required to make a final payment to the lenders equal to 6.0% of the original principal amount of term loans funded. The Company recognizes the final payment using the effective interest method over the term of each term loan.

Revolving Loan Facility.

The Company also has a revolving line-of-credit with the lenders, pursuant to which the lenders agreed to make a revolving line-of-credit available to the Company in an aggregate amount of up to the lesser of (i) $3,000 or (ii) a borrowing base equal to 80% of the Company’s eligible accounts receivable. The revolving line-of-credit also has various clauses which restrict its availability and, as such, the Company is not currently eligible to draw down on the revolving line-of-credit. Proceeds from the revolving line-of-credit may be used for working capital and general business purposes.

The principal amount outstanding under the revolving line bears interest at a floating rate per annum equal to the greater of (i) 5.0% and (ii) the sum of (a) the “prime rate,” as reported in The Wall Street Journal, plus (b) 0.5%, which interest is payable monthly. Principal amounts borrowed under the revolving line of credit may be repaid and, prior to the maturity date, re-borrowed, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Revolving Loan Facility. The revolving line terminates, and all unpaid principal and accrued and unpaid interest with respect thereto is due and payable in full, on March 1, 2022. The Company is also required to pay an annual facility fee on the revolving line of $15 on each anniversary of the Effective Date, a termination fee of $22 if the revolving line is terminated prior to the maturity date for any reason, and an unused revolving line facility fee in an amount equal to 0.5% per annum of the average unused portion of the revolving line payable monthly.

Both loan facilities also include other events of default, the occurrence and continuation of which could cause interest to be charged at the rate that is otherwise applicable plus 5.0% and would provide the collateral agent under the term loan facility or the lender under the revolving loan facility, as applicable, with the right to exercise remedies against the Company and the collateral securing the loan facilities. These events of default include, among other things, any failure by the Company to pay principal or interest due under the loan facilities, a breach of certain covenants under the loan facilities, the Company’s insolvency, a material adverse change, the occurrence of any default under certain other indebtedness in an amount greater than $250, one or more judgments against the Company in an amount greater than $250 individually or in the aggregate, and any default under the other loan facility. The Company was not in default on any conditions of the loan facilities at September 30, 2018.

In connection with Term A Loan, the Company issued the lenders, warrants to purchase 141,287 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $1.27 per share. The fair value of the warrants issued were determined to be $210 at the date of issuance and $170 at September 30, 2018 (see Note 2), and were recorded as a liability in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. The Company also incurred costs of $373 related to the issuance of the credit facility. After allocating the costs between the Term Loan and the revolving line-of-credit the Company recorded a debt discount of $532 to the Term loan which is being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method and $51 of costs allocated to the revolving line of credit were recorded in other assets and are being recognized as interest expense on a straight-line basis.

Future principal payments under the term loan facility as of September 30, 2018 are as follows:

Year Ending December 31,	Amount
2018	$	—
2019		1,200
2020		4,800
2021		4,800
2022		1,200
	$	12,000

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

Note 5

Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)

Common Stock

On April 10, 2018, the Board of Directors authorized the amendment of the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from 250,000,000 to 350,000,000. This amendment was approved by the Company’s stockholders on May 31, 2018. There was no change in the stated par value of the shares as a result of this amendment.

On August 31, 2018, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Cowen and Company, LLC (“Cowen”) with respect to an at-the-market offering program (the “Offering”) under which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time at its sole discretion, shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $30,000 (the “Placement Shares”) through Cowen as its sales agent.

Cowen may sell the Placement Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at the market” offering as defined in Rule 415 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company will pay Cowen a commission equal to 3% of the gross sales proceeds of any Placement Shares sold through Cowen under the Sales Agreement. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company sold 2,127,355 shares of common stock at a weighted average per share price of $1.16 at the market pursuant to the Sales Agreement for $2,158 in net proceeds. The Company is not obligated to make any sales of common stock under the Sales Agreement and cannot provide any assurances that it will issue any additional shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement. The offering of Placement Shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement will terminate upon the earlier of (i) the sale of all Placement Shares subject to the Sales Agreement or (ii) termination of the Sales Agreement in accordance with its terms.

Preferred Stock

The Company is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares, $0.0001 par value per share, preferred stock. Of these shares, 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock have been designated as Series A Preferred Stock and 1,000,000 shares have been designated as Series A-1 Preferred Stock (Series A Preferred Stock and the Series A-1 Preferred Stock are collectively referred to as “Preferred Stock”).

On March 16, 2018, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock along with warrants to purchase up to 8,750,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price per share of $1.40 for proceeds of $24,671, net of issuance costs of $329. The Preferred Stock is classified outside of stockholders’ equity because the shares contain certain redemption features which require redemption upon a change in control of the Company. The warrants were determined to be equity classified and are recorded in additional paid in capital. The Company recorded the Series A Preferred Stock and the warrants at their relative fair values which were $20,838 and $4,162, respectively. The conversion option was determined to have a beneficial conversion feature which was valued at $5,236 and was recorded to additional paid-in capital and as a discount to the Series A Preferred Stock. This resulting discount was immediately amortized as the Series A Preferred Stock has no set redemption date but is currently convertible.

The Company estimated the fair value of the warrants at issuance using the Black-Scholes Model based on the estimated market value of the underlying common stock at the valuation measurement date, the remaining contractual term of the warrants, risk-free interest rates, expected dividends and expected volatility of the price of the underlying common stock. The fair value of these warrants were determined based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company used the following assumptions for the valuation of these warrants at the issuance date.

Risk-free interest rate	2.9	%
Dividend yield	0.0	%
Expected volatility	61.6	%
Expected term (years)	10.0

The Company estimated the fair value of the Series A Preferred Stock using a Monte Carlo simulation to determine the applicable dividend rate for each respective period based on the financial performance milestone and market condition milestone, as well as to determine the ultimate settlement method of the Series A Preferred Stock. The fair value of the Series A Preferred Stock was determined based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company used the following assumptions utilized in the valuation of the Series A Preferred Stock at the issuance date:

Expected volatility of future equity			45.9	%
Estimated timing of Series A Preferred Stock liquidity event (years)			3.8

Once the fair value of both the Series A Preferred Stock and warrants described above were determined, a relative fair value calculation was performed to allocate the gross proceeds from the transaction to each component.

Dividends. Shares of the Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to receive non-compounding dividends in additional shares of preferred stock, at the rate of 12% per annum, subject to reduction in the event certain milestones are achieved, whether or not declared by the Board of Directors of the Company. Dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock are payable in shares of the Company’s Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, equal to the quotient of (x) the dividend amount divided by (y) the applicable conversion price. The dividend rate may be reduced to (i) 8.00% in the event the Company achieves at least $50,000 of revenue, other than any one-time license or similar fees, for any period of twelve consecutive months, or (ii) 6.00% if the Common Stock trading price exceeds $3.00 per share (as equitably adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, recapitalizations and the like after the date hereof) for a period of 90 consecutive trading days (a “Trading Price Dividend Rate Adjustment”); provided that in the event the dividend rate is reduced to 8.00% pursuant to clause (i) before the occurrence of a Trading Price Dividend Rate Adjustment, the dividend rate shall be permanently fixed at 8.00% and clause (ii) shall cease to be applicable notwithstanding any future achievement of a Common Stock trading price in excess of $3.00 per share (as equitably adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, recapitalizations and the like after the date hereof) for a period of 90 consecutive trading days. Shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock do not have Accrued Dividends (as such term is defined in the Certificate of Designation).

Voting Rights. For so long as Hudson Executive Capital beneficially owns at least a majority of the outstanding Preferred Stock, the preferred stockholders will be entitled to vote with the shares of Common Stock and not as a separate class, at any annual or special meeting of shareholders of the Company upon the following basis: each holder shall be entitled to a number of votes in respect of the shares of Preferred Stock owned of record by it equal to the number of shares of Common Stock determined by dividing (x) the number of shares of Preferred Stock held by such holder by (y) $1.29, the closing price per share of the Common Stock on the NYSE American on March 15, 2018, as of the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote on such matters or, if no such record date is established, as of the date such vote is taken or any written consent of stockholders is solicited. For so long as at least 10% of the shares of Preferred Stock purchased under the purchase agreement remains outstanding the Company may not directly or indirectly (i) amend, alter, repeal or otherwise modify any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, the Certificate of Designation or the Bylaws in a manner that would alter or change the terms or the powers, preferences, rights or privileges of the Preferred Stock as to affect them adversely, (ii) create (by reclassification or otherwise) or authorize any senior securities or any parity securities, or (iii) issue, or authorize for issuance, any new shares of Preferred Stock without the prior affirmative vote or written consent of the holders of at least a majority of the then-issued and outstanding shares of Preferred Stock. For so long as Hudson Executive Capital holds at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, the Company may not directly or indirectly (a) incur or guarantee, assume or suffer to exist any indebtedness (other than permitted indebtedness), (b) sell, lease, license, assign, transfer, spin-off, splitoff, close, convey, encumber, pledge or otherwise dispose of any intellectual property owned whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions to any person(s), other than pursuant to permitted indebtedness; (c) engage in any material line of business substantially different from those lines of business conducted by or publicly contemplated to be conducted by the Company on the initial issuance date unless such engagement in the line of business has received the prior approval of the Board; (d) modify its corporate structure, unless such modification has received the prior approval of the Board; or (e) enter into any agreement with respect to the foregoing without the affirmative vote or written consent of the holders representing at least a majority of the then-issued and outstanding shares of Preferred Stock. In the election of directors to the Company, for so long as the holders of Preferred Stock hold at least 25% of the shares of Preferred Stock purchased under the purchase agreement, the holders of the Preferred Stock, voting as a separate class, shall be entitled to elect by majority vote one individual to the Company’s Board.

Rank. Each share of Preferred Stock shall rank equally in all respects. With respect to distributions upon Liquidation (as defined below), the Preferred Stock rank senior to the Common Stock and to each other class of the Company’s capital stock existing now or hereafter created that are not specifically designated as ranking senior to the Preferred Stock.

Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company or such subsidiaries the assets of which constitute all or substantially all of the assets of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole (“Liquidation”), each holder of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive liquidating distributions out of the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to its stockholders, before any payment or distribution of any assets of the Company shall be made or set apart for holders of any junior securities, including the Common Stock, for such holder’s shares of Preferred Stock in an amount equal to the greater of (i) the sum of (A) the aggregate Liquidation Preference ($25.00 per share of Preferred Stock) and (B) the aggregate Accrued Dividends of such shares as of the date of the Liquidation (as such terms are defined in the Certificate of Designation) and (ii) the amount such holder would have received had such shares of Preferred Stock, immediately prior to such Liquidation, been converted into shares of Common Stock.

Conversion. Each Holder of shares of Preferred Stock shall have the right (the “Conversion Right”), at any time and from time to time, at such holder’s option, to convert all or any portion of such holder’s shares of Preferred Stock into fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock. Upon a holder’s election to exercise its Conversion Right, each share of Preferred Stock for which the Conversion Right is exercised shall be converted into such number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient of (A) the sum of (1) the Liquidation Preference and (2) the Accrued Dividends on such share as of the conversion date, divided by (B) the Conversion Price (as such term is defined in the Certificate of Designation) of such share in effect at the time of conversion.

Forced Conversion. If (a) at any time after the original issuance date, the Common Stock trading price exceeds $4.00 per share (as equitably adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, recapitalizations and the like after the date hereof) for a 30 consecutive trading day period and (b) the Company, at its option, delivers a written notice to the holders of the Preferred Stock within 10 business days of the conclusion of such period, then each share of Preferred Stock outstanding shall be converted into such number of fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient of (A) the sum of (1) the Liquidation Preference and (2) the Accrued Dividends on such share, divided by (B) the conversion price of such share in effect as of the business day immediately prior to the date of the Company’s notice to the holder.

As of September 30, 2018, the redemption value and Liquidation Preference of the Preferred Stock was $26,010 and it was convertible into 20,808,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock. On April 16, 2018, July 16, 2018 and October 15, 2018 (the Series A dividend payment dates), the Company issued 10,400, 30,000 and 30,000 shares, respectively, of Series A-1 Preferred Stock to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock to fulfill the dividend payment obligation.

Stock-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Note 6

Stock-based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense was allocated based on the employees’ or non-employees’ function as follows:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Cost of revenue	$	40	$	—	$	99	$	—
Research and development		88		71		205		188
Selling, general and administrative		819		545		1,954		2,006
Total	$	947	$	616	$	2,258	$	2,194

The Company granted options to purchase 9,534,322 shares of common stock at exercise price ranging from $0.75 to $1.05 per share during the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The weighted-average fair value of the stock options granted was $0.43 per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The Company granted options to purchase 1,857,326 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $1.17 to $1.85 per share during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The weighted-average fair value of the stock options granted was $0.82 per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

The following assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018	2017
Risk-free interest	2.7%-2.9%	1.8%-2.4%
Expected term in years	6.25 years	6-10 years
Expected volatility	64%-80%	55%-63%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%

The following table summarizes the activities for the Company’s unvested restricted stock units for the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

	Unvested Restricted Stock Units
	Number of Shares			Weighted-average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 2017	42,406		$	0.87
Granted	334,955		$	0.65
Vested	(113,854	)	$	0.72
Forfeited/Cancelled	(16,036	)	$	0.87
Unvested as of September 30, 2018	247,471		$	0.64

Net Loss per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Loss per Share

Note 7

Net Loss per Share

The following common stock equivalents were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share for the periods indicated because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect:

	As of September 30,
	2018		2017
Options to purchase common stock		25,027,883		18,966,896
Warrants to purchase common stock		9,246,315		5,083,219
Restricted stock units		247,471		—
Series A Preferred Stock		20,000,000		—
Series A-1 Preferred Stock		808,000		—

Restructuring Charge

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring Charge

Note 8

Restructuring Charge

In May 2018, the Company undertook cost cutting initiatives which included a reduction in force from each functional area of the Company’s operations. In the second quarter of 2018, the Company recorded a restructuring charge of approximately $349 relating to severance-related costs. As of September 30, 2018, $332 of this amount had been paid. The remaining $17 of accrued restructuring costs have been included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

Subsequent Events

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

Note 9

Subsequent Events

Through November 7, 2018, under the Sales Agreement (see Note 5 for additional details) with Cowen and Company, LLC, the Company sold 117,375 shares of common stock at a weighted average per share price of $1.42 at the market pursuant to the Sales Agreement for $162 in net proceeds.

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial statements for interim periods in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The information included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (“2017 Form 10-K”). The Company’s accounting policies are described in the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” in the 2017 Form 10-K and are updated, as necessary, in this Form 10-Q. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data presented for comparative purposes was derived from the audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year or for any other subsequent interim period.

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Corindus, Inc. and Corindus Security Corporation. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The functional currency of both wholly-owned subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar and, therefore, the Company has not recorded any currency translation adjustments.

In the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company participated in the formation of a not-for-profit, which was established to generate awareness of the health risks linked to the use of fluoroscopy in hospital catheterization. As of September 30, 2018, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and one of its senior executives represented two of the three voting members of the board of directors of the entity. As a result, under the voting model used for the consolidation of related parties which are controlled by a company, the Company has consolidated the financial statements of the entity and recognized expenses of $6 and $5 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $17 and $51 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and other income of $0 and $40 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, and $0 and $0 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. The entity had assets and liabilities of $40 and $4, respectively, on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2018 and had assets and liabilities of $15 and $7, respectively, on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017.

Segment Information

Segment Information

The Company operates in one business segment, which is the design, manufacture and sale of precision vascular robotic-assisted systems for use in interventional vascular procedures. Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. To date, the chief operating decision-maker has made such decisions and assessed performance at the company level, as one segment. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker is the Chief Executive Officer.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The process of preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Such management estimates include those relating to revenue recognition, inventory valuation, assumptions used in the valuation of the Company’s preferred stock and warrants, valuation of stock-based awards, and valuation allowances against deferred income tax assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Significant Customers

Significant Customers

The table below sets forth the Company’s customers that accounted for greater than 10% of its revenues for either the three or nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively:

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
Customer	2018			2017			2018			2017
A		33	%		12	%		22	%		19	%
B		25	%		—	%		24	%		5	%
C		11	%		—	%		5	%		—	%
D		7	%		22	%		10	%		10	%
E		—	%		22	%		—	%		10	%
F		—	%		19	%		—	%		8	%
G		1	%		11	%		1	%		8	%
H		1	%		1	%		1	%		15	%

Customers A, B and C accounted for 43%, 28% and 14%, respectively, of the Company’s accounts receivable balance at September 30, 2018. Given the current revenue levels, in a period in which a customer purchases a CorPath System, that customer is likely to represent a significant customer.

Revenues from domestic customers were $1,757 and $2,100 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $4,479 and $4,430 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Revenues from international customers were $1,201 and $325 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $1,629 and $1,030 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has no significant off-balance sheet risk such as foreign exchange contracts, option contracts, or other hedging arrangements.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, the Company generally defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The Company uses a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which classifies the inputs used in measuring fair values. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

●

Level 1 - inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

●

Level 2 - inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. If the asset or liability has a specified (contractual) term, a Level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

●

Level 3 - inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

At September 30, 2018, the Company had two items, its cash equivalents and warrant liability, measured at fair value on a recurring basis. At December 31, 2017, the Company had no assets that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company had cash equivalents totaling $25,595 and $0 at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, which were valued based on Level l inputs. The warrant liability relates to warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock that were issued to the Company’s lenders in connection with a debt financing arrangement executed on March 16, 2018. See Note 4 for additional details. The fair value of these warrants was determined based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

In order to determine the fair value of these warrants, the Company utilized a Monte-Carlo simulation in combination with a Black-Scholes option model. Estimates and assumptions impacting the fair value measurement include the fair value of the underlying shares of common stock, the remaining contractual term of the warrant, risk-free interest rate, expected dividend yield, expected volatility of the price of the underlying preferred stock and management’s assessment of the probability of additional borrowing on the credit facility. Due to the available public market information for the Company’s common stock for only a limited period of time, the Company estimates its expected stock volatility based on a blended approach utilizing the Company’s historical volatility and the historical volatility of publicly traded guideline companies for a term equal to the estimated remaining contractual term of the warrants. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve for time periods approximately equal to the remaining contractual term of the warrants. The Company estimated no expected dividend yield based on the fact that the Company has never paid or declared dividends and does not intend to do so in the foreseeable future. The Company also estimated the number of shares issuable under the warrant based upon its assessment of the timing and amounts of future advances drawn under the financing arrangement.

The assumptions that the Company used to determine the fair value of these warrants are as follows:

	March 16, 2018 (Date of Issuance)	September 30, 2018
Volatility	75% to 83%	78%
Risk-free interest rate	2.8%	2.8%
Estimated term (in years)	8.5 to 10	8.5 to 9.5

The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company’s common stock warrant based on Level 3 inputs:

Balance at December 31, 2017	$	—
Issuance of warrants in connection with debt financing arrangement		210
Revaluation of warrants		(40	)
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	170

The Company’s financial instruments of deposits and other assets are carried at cost and approximate their fair values given the liquid nature of such items. The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt and capital lease obligation approximates their carrying values due to their recent negotiation and variable market rate for the long-term debt.

Cash Equivalents

Cash Equivalents

The Company considers highly liquid short-term investments, which consists of money market funds, to be cash equivalents. From time to time, the Company’s cash balances may exceed federal deposit insurance limits.

Inventories

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. The Company routinely monitors the recoverability of its inventory and records the lower of cost or net realizable value reserves based on current selling prices and reserves for excess and obsolete inventory based on historical and forecasted usage, as required. Scrap and excess manufacturing costs are charged to cost of revenue as incurred and not capitalized as part of inventories. The Company only capitalizes pre-launch inventories when purchased for commercial use and it deems regulatory approval to be probable.

Customer Deposits

Customer Deposits

Customer deposits represent cash received from customers for whom related products have not been delivered or services have not yet been performed.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Adoption of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Company adopted Topic 606 on January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method for all contracts not completed as of the date of adoption. The reported results for 2018 reflect the application of Topic 606 guidance while the reported results for 2017 were prepared under the guidance of ASC 605, Revenue Recognition (ASC 605), which is also referred to herein as “legacy GAAP” or the “previous guidance.” The adoption of Topic 606 resulted in a cumulative impact of $353 related to revenue and $87 related to capitalized contract costs as of adoption date. The adoption of Topic 606 represents a change in accounting principle that will more closely align revenue recognition with the delivery of the Company’s products to its customers and will provide financial statement readers with enhanced disclosures.

Financial Statement Impact of Adopting Topic 606

The cumulative effect of applying the new guidance to all contracts with customers that were not completed as of December 31, 2017, was recorded as an adjustment to accumulated deficit as of the adoption date. As a result of applying the modified retrospective method to adopt the new revenue guidance, the following adjustments were made to accounts on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018:

	As Reported at December 31, 2017			Adjustments Due to Topic 606			Balance at January 1, 2018
Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	539		$	38		$	577
Deposits and other assets	$	151		$	321		$	472

Liabilities:
Deferred revenue	$	339		$	(68	)	$	271
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	$	342		$	(13	)	$	329

Stockholders’ equity:
Accumulated deficit	$	(180,841	)	$	440		$	(180,401	)

The following tables compare the reported condensed consolidated balance sheets and statements of operations, as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, to the pro-forma amounts as if the previous guidance had been in effect:

	As of September 30, 2018
Balance Sheet	As reported			Pro-forma as if the previous guidance was in effect
Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	923		$	713
Deposits and other assets	$	386		$	198

Liabilities:
Deferred revenue	$	566		$	597
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	$	364		$	406

Stockholders’ equity:
Accumulated deficit	$	(207,955	)	$	(208,426	)

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Statement of Operations	As reported			Pro-forma as if the previous guidance was in effect			As reported			Pro-forma as if the previous guidance was in effect
Revenue	$	2,958		$	3,018		$	6,108		$	6,180
Selling, general and administrative		6,368			6,484			20,697			20,800
Net loss	$	(7,595	)	$	(7,651	)	$	(27,554	)	$	(27,585	)

Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(8,353	)	$	(8,401	)	$	(34,426	)	$	(33,831	)

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders-basic and diluted	$	(0.04	)	$	(0.04	)	$	(0.18	)	$	(0.18	)

The most significant impact was the recognition pattern for promised goods and services related to the Company’s service plans. The new standard requires revenues to be estimated and recognized upon transfer of the promised goods and services, which resulted in a cumulative adjustment of approximately $353. Under the new standard, the Company was able to recognize limited revenues upon delivery of certain promised goods, prior to the customers being invoiced based on the contractual arrangement with the Company. Specifically, the Company sells certain extended service plans which may include a specified upgrade or an unspecified upgrade right. Under legacy GAAP, the Company recognized revenue for service plans ratably over the term of the services to be provided. Under the new standard, the Company concluded that the service plans and upgrade rights were distinct performance obligations, and therefore would be recognized as the individual components of the service were delivered. The Company determined that the service component of the plans would continue to be recognized ratably over the term of the agreement, whereas the unspecified upgrade component would be recognized ratably over the term of the unspecified upgrade right, and the specified upgrade component would be recognized at a point in time upon delivery. The change in the timing of revenue recognition is primarily related to the impact associated with the accelerated recognition of specified upgrades. Another impact relates to the requirement to capitalize incremental costs to acquire new contracts, which consist of sales commissions. During previous periods, these costs were expensed as incurred. Adoption of the new standard resulted in the capitalization of $87 of such incremental costs as of January 1, 2018.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company generates revenues primarily from the sale of the CorPath System, CorPath Cassettes, accessories and service contracts. Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that an entity determines are within the scope of the new revenue recognition accounting standard, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identifies the contract with a customer; (ii) identifies the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determines the transaction price; (iv) allocates the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognizes revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract and determines those that are performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.

Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring products or services to a customer. To the extent the transaction price includes variable consideration, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing the expected value method to which it expects to be entitled. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in the Company’s judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. Estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of the Company’s anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available. Sales, value add, and other taxes collected on behalf of third parties are excluded from revenue.

When determining the transaction price of a contract, an adjustment is made if payment from a customer occurs either significantly before or significantly after performance, resulting in a significant financing component. The Company does not assess whether a significant financing component exists if the period between when it performs its obligations under the contract and when the customer pays is one year or less. For contracts where the period between performance and payment is greater than one year, the Company assesses whether a significant financing component exists, by applying a discount rate to the expected cash collections. If this difference is significant, the Company will conclude that a significant financing component exists. The Company identified a small number of contracts where the period between performance and payment was greater than one year; however, none of the Company’s contracts contained a significant financing component as of September 30, 2018.

Contracts that are modified to account for changes in contract specifications and requirements are assessed to determine if the modification either creates new or changes the existing enforceable rights and obligations. Generally, contract modifications are for products or services that are not distinct from the existing contract due to the inability to use, consume or sell the products or services on their own to generate economic benefits and are accounted for as if they were part of that existing contract. The effect of a contract modification on the transaction price and measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates, is recognized as an adjustment to revenue (either as an increase in or a reduction of revenue) on a cumulative catch-up basis.

Revenue is generally recognized when the customer obtains control of our product, which occurs at a point in time, and may be upon shipment or upon delivery based on the contractual shipping terms of a contract, or upon installation when the combined performance obligation is not distinct within the context of the contract. Service revenue is generally recognized over time as the services are delivered to the customer based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services to be provided. Services are expected to be delivered to the customer throughout the term of the contract and the Company believes recognizing revenue ratably over the term of the contract best depicts the transfer of value to the customer.

If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. The Company enters into certain contracts that have multiple performance obligations, one or more of which may be delivered subsequent to the delivery of other performance obligations. These performance obligations may include installation, training, maintenance and support services, and cassettes. The Company allocates the transaction price based on the estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised products or services underlying each performance obligation. The Company determines standalone selling prices based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the standalone selling price is not observable through past transactions, the Company estimates the standalone selling price considering available information such as market conditions and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations. Revenue is then allocated to the performance obligations using the relative selling prices of each of the performance obligations in the contract.

For all performance obligations, the Company determines the revenue for each deliverable based on its relative selling price in the contract and recognizes revenue upon delivery of the product or service, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. Revenue for equipment is recognized when the equipment has been delivered, and installation and training have been completed. Revenue for cassettes and option equipment is recognized when the goods have been delivered. Revenue for maintenance and support services is recognized ratably over the term of the service contract.

Contract Assets

Contract Assets

Contract assets include unbilled amounts for primarily maintenance and support service and future cassette purchases where revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer, and the Company’s right to bill is not until the maintenance and support service period commence or the cassettes are delivered. Amounts may not exceed their net realizable value. Short-term contract assets are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets in 2018. Long-term contract assets are included in deposits and other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets in 2018.

Deferred Contract Costs

Deferred Contract Costs

The Company’s incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract, which generally consist of sales commissions, are deferred and amortized over the period of contract performance. Applying the practical expedient, the Company recognizes sales commission expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that it otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. At September 30, 2018 and January 1, 2018, the Company had $71 and $87 of deferred commissions, respectively. At times, the Company has other incremental costs associated with obtaining a contract which are deferred until the revenues from the related contract are recognized. At September 30, 2018, the Company had $119 of other deferred contract costs. There were no other similar deferred contract costs at January 1, 2018. Deferred contract costs are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets, and deposits and other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets in 2018. The Company had $9 and $21, respectively, of amortization of deferred commissions during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. These costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. There was no amortization of other deferred contract costs during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Contract Liabilities

Contract Liabilities

The Company’s contract liabilities consist of advance payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized (deferred revenue and customer deposits). The Company’s contract assets and liabilities are reported in a net position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. The Company classifies deferred revenue as current or noncurrent based on the timing of when it expects to recognize revenue. In order to determine revenue recognized in the period from contract liabilities, the Company first allocates revenue to the individual contract liability balance outstanding at the beginning of the period until the revenue exceeds that balance. If additional advances are received on those contracts in subsequent periods, the Company assumes all revenue recognized in the reporting period first applies to the beginning contract liability as opposed to a portion applying to the new advances for the period.

Disaggregation of Revenue

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes revenue by revenue source for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Major Products/ Service Lines
Product revenue	$	2,823	$	5,742
Service revenue		135		366
Total	$	2,958	$	6,108

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Products transferred at a point in time	$	2,823	$	5,742
Services transferred over time		135		366
Total	$	2,958	$	6,108

Product Revenue

The Company generates revenue through the commercial production and sale of precision vascular robotic-assisted systems, and the single use accessories used in conjunction with such systems.

Revenue from the sale of products is recognized at a point in time when the customer obtains control of the product. The Company recognizes system revenue when the CorPath System is delivered and installed and accepted by the end user customer. The Company recognizes cassette revenue when the related cassettes have been shipped or delivered to the end customer based on the terms of the arrangement or contract. All costs related to product sales are recognized at time of delivery. The Company does not provide for rights of return to customers on product sales and, therefore, does not record a provision for returns.

Service Revenue

Revenue generated from maintenance and support service contracts is typically recognized ratably over the term of the service contract.

Deferred Revenues

The Company records deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of performance. Amounts received prior to satisfying the related performance obligations are recorded as deferred revenue in the accompanying balance sheets.

Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations

Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations

Topic 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of September 30, 2018.

The following table includes estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially satisfied) as of September 30, 2018.

	Less than 1 year		Greater than 1 year		Total
Product revenue	$	1,109	$	941	$	2,050
Service and other revenue		541		479		1,020
Total	$	1,650	$	1,420	$	3,070

Contract Balances from Contracts with Customers

Contract Balances from Contracts with Customers

Contract assets consist of unbilled amounts at the reporting date and are transferred to accounts receivable when the rights become unconditional. Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and customer deposits. The following table presents changes in contract assets and contract liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

	Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		Subtractions			Balance at End of Period
Contract assets	$	272	$	36	$	(110	)	$	198
Contract acquisition and fulfillment costs:
Deferred contract costs	$	87	$	124	$	(21	)	$	190
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenue	$	693	$	557	$	(320	)	$	930

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recognized the following revenues as a result of changes in the contract asset and the contract liability balances in the respective periods:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Revenue recognized in the period from:
Amounts included in the contract liability at the beginning of the period	$	133	$	320
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods	$	45	$	45

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.

When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue after control of the goods or services is transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Customer Contract

Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Customer Contract

Prior to the adoption of Topic 606, the Company expensed incremental commissions paid to sales representatives for obtaining product sales as well as service contracts. Under Topic 606, the Company currently capitalizes these incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts unless the capitalization and amortization of such costs are not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements. Capitalized commissions are amortized based on the transfer of the products or services to which the assets relate. Applying the practical expedient in paragraph ASC 340-40-25-4, the Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. These costs are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses. The Company accounts for shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers as costs to fulfill the promise to transfer the associated products.

Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

The Company reviews the terms of warrants issued in connection with the applicable accounting guidance and classifies warrants as a long-term liability on the consolidated balance sheets if the warrants do not meet the equity criteria when the number of shares issuable are variable. Warrants to purchase shares of common stock issued in connection with the Company’s long-term debt agreement met these criteria because the number of shares will vary with additional draws on the debt and therefore required liability classification. Liability-classified warrants are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date, and any change in fair value is recognized as a component of other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company estimated the fair value of these warrants at issuance and each balance sheet date thereafter using the Black-Scholes Model based on the estimated market value of the underlying common stock at the valuation measurement date, the remaining contractual term of the warrant, risk-free interest rates, expected dividends and expected volatility of the price of the underlying common stock.

The Company classifies warrants within stockholders’ equity on the consolidated balance sheets if the warrants are considered to be indexed to the Company’s own capital stock, and otherwise would be recorded in stockholders’ equity. Warrants to purchase common stock issued in connection with the Company’s private placement of convertible preferred stock met these criteria and, therefore, were equity classified.

The table below is a summary of the Company’s warrant activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

	Number of Warrants		Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at December 31, 2017		355,028	$	1.41
Granted		8,891,287	$	1.40
Exercised		—		—
Expired		—		—
Outstanding at September 30, 2018		9,246,315	$	1.40

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

As indicated in Note 2, the Company adopted ASU 2018-07 effective July 1, 2018. Subsequent to the adoption of ASU 2018-07, the Company recognizes compensation costs resulting from the issuance of service stock-based awards to employees, non-employees and directors as an expense in the consolidated statements of operations over the requisite service period based on a measurement of fair value for each stock award. The awards issued to date have primarily been stock options with service-based vesting periods over two or four years, restricted stock units with service-based vesting periods of one year, and shares of common stock. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2018-07, the Company recognized compensation costs resulting from the issuance of stock-based awards to non-employees as an expense in the consolidated statements of operations over the service period based on a measurement of fair value for each stock award at each performance date and period end. During 2016, the Company also issued certain stock-based awards that contain both performance and service-based vesting conditions which vested over 25 months. The Company recorded expense on these awards when it became probable that the performance condition and requisite service were met.

Upon vesting of the restricted stock units, the Company issues shares of its common stock which have a required holding period of 36 months from the date of grant of the restricted stock unit. As a result, the Company values the restricted stock units based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant less a discount for lack of marketability during the holding period.

During 2018, the Company issued certain stock-based awards that contain both market and service-based vesting conditions. Each of these stock-based awards is contingent on the recipient still providing services to the Company or its affiliates on the date of such achievement. Portions of the awards vest upon the Company’s stock price achieving certain targets for a period of at least twenty consecutive trading days at any time before May 31, 2021. The Company estimated the fair value of these market condition stock-based awards using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which involves a series of random scenarios that may take different future price paths over the award’s contractual life. The grant date fair value is determined by taking the average of the grant date fair values under each of many Monte Carlo simulations. The determination of the fair value is affected by the Company’s stock price, as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables including its expected stock price volatility over the expected term of the awards, and risk-free interest rate. The total number of shares of common stock that are subject to issuance under these market condition stock-based awards is 5,183,322 shares. The Company records expense on these stock-based awards ratably over the expected term of the award.

Research and Development

Research and Development

Costs for research and development are expensed as incurred. Research and development expense consists primarily of salaries, salary related expenses and costs of contractors and materials. Cash receipts from collaboration agreements accounted for under ASC 808, Collaborative Arrangements, are netted against the related research and development expenses in the period received and totaled $280 and $772, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. There were no such items during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method, whereby deferred tax asset and liability account balances are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company provides a valuation allowance, if necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts that are realizable. Consistent with all prior periods, the Company did not record any income tax benefit for its operating losses for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 due to the uncertainty regarding future taxable income.

On December 22, 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“SAB 118”), which allows the recording of provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. The final impact may differ from this provisional amount due to, among other things, changes in interpretations and assumptions the Company has made thus far and the issuance of additional regulatory or other guidance. The Company expects to complete the final impact within the measurement period. As of September 30, 2018, we have not recorded incremental accounting adjustments related to the SAB 118 as we continue to consider interpretations of its application.

Net Loss per Share

Net Loss per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed using the sum of the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period and, if dilutive, the weighted-average number of potential common shares, including the assumed exercise of share options.

The Company applies the two-class method to calculate its basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, as its Series A and Series A-1 preferred shares are participating securities. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that treats a participating security as having rights to earnings that otherwise would have been available to common stockholders. However, for the periods presented, the two-class method does not impact the net loss per common share as the Company was in a net loss position for each of the periods presented and holders of Series A and Series A-1 preferred shares do not participate in losses.

The Company’s Series A and Series A-1 preferred shares contractually entitle the holders of such shares to participate in dividends but do not contractually require the holders of such shares to participate in losses of the Company. Accordingly, for periods in which the Company reports a net loss attributable to common stockholders, diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is the same as basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, since dilutive common shares are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which was amended by ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements. The new guidance requires lessee recognition on the balance sheet of a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. It further requires recognition in the income statement of a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term generally on a straight-line basis. Finally, it requires classification of all cash payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. The standard requires a transition adoption election using either 1) a modified retrospective approach with periods prior to the adoption date being recast or 2) a prospective adoption approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment recognized to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date with prior periods not recast. The Company anticipates adopting this standard on January 1, 2019 using the prospective adoption approach. While the Company continues to assess all of the effects of ASU 2018-11 adoption, including the election of allowable practical expedients, it currently believes the most significant effects relate to (1) the recognition of new ROU assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet for its office operating lease; and (2) providing significant new disclosures about its leasing activities.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which reduces diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. It is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017 and will be required to be applied retrospectively, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this update on January 1, 2018 and the adoption had no impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Scope of Modification Accounting, which clarifies when to account for a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award as a modification. Under the new guidance, modification accounting is required only if the fair value, the vesting conditions, or the classification of the award (as equity or liability) changes as a result of the change in terms or conditions. It is effective prospectively for annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this update on January 1, 2018 and the adoption had no impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Stock-based Compensation: Improvements to Nonemployee Share-based Payment Accounting, which amends the existing accounting standards for share-based payments to nonemployees. This ASU aligns much of the guidance on measuring and classifying nonemployee awards with that of awards to employees. Under the new guidance, the measurement of nonemployee equity awards is fixed on the grant date. This ASU becomes effective in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 and early adoption is permitted but no earlier than an entity’s adoption date of Topic 606. Entities will apply the ASU by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the annual period of adoption. The Company adopted this update on July 1, 2018 and the adoption had no material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of significant customers

The table below sets forth the Company’s customers that accounted for greater than 10% of its revenues for either the three or nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively:

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
Customer	2018			2017			2018			2017
A		33	%		12	%		22	%		19	%
B		25	%		—	%		24	%		5	%
C		11	%		—	%		5	%		—	%
D		7	%		22	%		10	%		10	%
E		—	%		22	%		—	%		10	%
F		—	%		19	%		—	%		8	%
G		1	%		11	%		1	%		8	%
H		1	%		1	%		1	%		15	%

Schedule of assumptions used for fair value of warrants

The assumptions that the Company used to determine the fair value of these warrants are as follows:

	March 16, 2018 (Date of Issuance)	September 30, 2018
Volatility	75% to 83%	78%
Risk-free interest rate	2.8%	2.8%
Estimated term (in years)	8.5 to 10	8.5 to 9.5

Schedule of fair value common stock warrant based on Level 3 inputs

The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company’s common stock warrant based on Level 3 inputs:

Balance at December 31, 2017	$	—
Issuance of warrants in connection with debt financing arrangement		210
Revaluation of warrants		(40	)
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	170

Schedule of changes for retrospective method to adopt new revenue guidance

As a result of applying the modified retrospective method to adopt the new revenue guidance, the following adjustments were made to accounts on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018:

	As Reported at December 31, 2017			Adjustments Due to Topic 606			Balance at January 1, 2018
Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	539		$	38		$	577
Deposits and other assets	$	151		$	321		$	472

Liabilities:
Deferred revenue	$	339		$	(68	)	$	271
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	$	342		$	(13	)	$	329

Stockholders’ equity:
Accumulated deficit	$	(180,841	)	$	440		$	(180,401	)

Schedule of pro-forma amounts as if the previous guidance had been in effect

The following tables compare the reported condensed consolidated balance sheets and statements of operations, as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, to the pro-forma amounts as if the previous guidance had been in effect:

	As of September 30, 2018
Balance Sheet	As reported			Pro-forma as if the previous guidance was in effect
Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	923		$	713
Deposits and other assets	$	386		$	198

Liabilities:
Deferred revenue	$	566		$	597
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	$	364		$	406

Stockholders’ equity:
Accumulated deficit	$	(207,955	)	$	(208,426	)

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Statement of Operations	As reported			Pro-forma as if the previous guidance was in effect			As reported			Pro-forma as if the previous guidance was in effect
Revenue	$	2,958		$	3,018		$	6,108		$	6,180
Selling, general and administrative		6,368			6,484			20,697			20,800
Net loss	$	(7,595	)	$	(7,651	)	$	(27,554	)	$	(27,585	)

Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(8,353	)	$	(8,401	)	$	(34,426	)	$	(33,831	)

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders-basic and diluted	$	(0.04	)	$	(0.04	)	$	(0.18	)	$	(0.18	)

Schedule of revenue by revenue source

The following table summarizes revenue by revenue source for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Major Products/ Service Lines
Product revenue	$	2,823	$	5,742
Service revenue		135		366
Total	$	2,958	$	6,108

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Products transferred at a point in time	$	2,823	$	5,742
Services transferred over time		135		366
Total	$	2,958	$	6,108

Schedule of estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially satisfied)

The following table includes estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially satisfied) as of September 30, 2018.

	Less than 1 year		Greater than 1 year		Total
Product revenue	$	1,109	$	941	$	2,050
Service and other revenue		541		479		1,020
Total	$	1,650	$	1,420	$	3,070

Schedule of changes in contract assets and contract liabilities

Contract assets consist of unbilled amounts at the reporting date and are transferred to accounts receivable when the rights become unconditional. Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and customer deposits. The following table presents changes in contract assets and contract liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

	Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		Subtractions			Balance at End of Period
Contract assets	$	272	$	36	$	(110	)	$	198
Contract acquisition and fulfillment costs:
Deferred contract costs	$	87	$	124	$	(21	)	$	190
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenue	$	693	$	557	$	(320	)	$	930

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recognized the following revenues as a result of changes in the contract asset and the contract liability balances in the respective periods:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Revenue recognized in the period from:
Amounts included in the contract liability at the beginning of the period	$	133	$	320
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods	$	45	$	45

Schedule of warrant activity

The table below is a summary of the Company’s warrant activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

	Number of Warrants		Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at December 31, 2017		355,028	$	1.41
Granted		8,891,287	$	1.40
Exercised		—		—
Expired		—		—
Outstanding at September 30, 2018		9,246,315	$	1.40

Inventories (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the FIFO method and consist of the following:

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Raw material	$	1,115	$	945
Work in progress		727		310
Finished goods		832		848
Total	$	2,674	$	2,103

Long-Term Debt (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of future principal payments

Future principal payments under the term loan facility as of September 30, 2018 are as follows:

Year Ending December 31,	Amount
2018	$	—
2019		1,200
2020		4,800
2021		4,800
2022		1,200
	$	12,000

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of assumptions for fair value

The Company used the following assumptions for the valuation of these warrants at the issuance date.

Risk-free interest rate	2.9	%
Dividend yield	0.0	%
Expected volatility	61.6	%
Expected term (years)	10.0

The Company estimated the fair value of the Series A Preferred Stock using a Monte Carlo simulation to determine the applicable dividend rate for each respective period based on the financial performance milestone and market condition milestone, as well as to determine the ultimate settlement method of the Series A Preferred Stock. The fair value of the Series A Preferred Stock was determined based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company used the following assumptions utilized in the valuation of the Series A Preferred Stock at the issuance date:

Expected volatility of future equity			45.9	%
Estimated timing of Series A Preferred Stock liquidity event (years)			3.8

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Schedule of stock-based compensation expense

Stock-based compensation expense was allocated based on the employees’ or non-employees’ function as follows:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Cost of revenue	$	40	$	—	$	99	$	—
Research and development		88		71		205		188
Selling, general and administrative		819		545		1,954		2,006
Total	$	947	$	616	$	2,258	$	2,194

Schedule of assumptions used for fair value of stock options

The following assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018	2017
Risk-free interest	2.7%-2.9%	1.8%-2.4%
Expected term in years	6.25 years	6-10 years
Expected volatility	64%-80%	55%-63%
Expected dividend yield	0%	0%

Schedule of activity unvested restricted stock units

The following table summarizes the activities for the Company’s unvested restricted stock units for the nine months ended September 30, 2018:

	Unvested Restricted Stock Units
	Number of Shares			Weighted-average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 2017	42,406		$	0.87
Granted	334,955		$	0.65
Vested	(113,854	)	$	0.72
Forfeited/Cancelled	(16,036	)	$	0.87
Unvested as of September 30, 2018	247,471		$	0.64

Net Loss per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of securities excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share

The following common stock equivalents were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share for the periods indicated because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect:

	As of September 30,
	2018		2017
Options to purchase common stock		25,027,883		18,966,896
Warrants to purchase common stock		9,246,315		5,083,219
Restricted stock units		247,471		—
Series A Preferred Stock		20,000,000		—
Series A-1 Preferred Stock		808,000		—

Nature of Operations (Details Narrative) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		9 Months Ended
	Mar. 16, 2018 USD ($) Number $ / shares shares	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Jan. 02, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 29,633	$ 26,196		$ 17,458	$ 9,183
Accumulated deficit		(207,955)		$ (180,401)	$ (180,841)
Working capital		29,841
Net proceeds from sale of common stock		2,400	$ 44,611
Financing Arrangement [Member]
Number of lenders \| Number	2
Debt facility maximum capacity	$ 26,000
Default basis spread on variable interest rate	5.00%
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Term Loans [Member]
Debt facility maximum capacity	$ 23,000
Additional debt facility capacity available with gross profit milestone	5,500
Additional debt facility capacity available after equity sales	5,500
Net cash proceeds from future sale of equity securities	$ 30,000
Basis spread on variable interest rate	7.25%
Description of variable interest rate base	ICE Benchmark LIBOR
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Term Loans [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Interest rate	8.83%
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Debt facility maximum capacity	$ 3,000
Credit facility, expiration year	2022
Basis spread on variable interest rate	0.50%
Description of variable interest rate base	Prime Rate
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Interest rate	5.00%
Sales Agreement [Member] \| Cowen and Company, LLC [Member]
Net proceeds from sale of common stock		$ 2,158
Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
Number of common stock issued against convertible shares \| shares		20,208,000
Percentage of dividend		12.00%
Private Placement [Member] \| Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]
Number of common stock issued against convertible shares \| shares	20,000,000
Private Placement [Member] \| Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
Net proceeds from stock issuance	$ 24,671
Percentage of dividend	12.00%
Number of warrants issued \| $ / shares	$ 8,750,000
Warrants exercise price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 1.40

Significant Accounting Policies (Details Narrative) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($) Number shares	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Jan. 02, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Number of segments \| Number			1
Assets	$ 37,879		$ 37,879			$ 24,566
Liabilities	18,295		18,295			7,051
Revenue	2,958		6,108
Adoption of Topic 606 resulted in a cumulative impact to revenue			353
Adoption of Topic 606 resulted in a cumulative impact to capitalized contract costs	87		87
Amortization of deferred commissions	9		21
Deferred commissions	71		71		$ 87
Other deferred contract costs	119		119
Fair Value, Level 1 [Member]
Cash equivalents	25,595		25,595			0
Collaborative Arrangement [Member] \| Research and Development Expense [Member]
Collaborative arrangements	280		772
Domestic Customers [Member]
Revenue	1,757	$ 2,100	4,479	$ 4,430
International Customers [Member]
Revenue	1,201	325	$ 1,629	1,030
Accounts Receivable [Member] \| Customer A [Member]
Concentration percentage			43.00%
Accounts Receivable [Member] \| Customer B [Member]
Concentration percentage			28.00%
Accounts Receivable [Member] \| Customer C [Member]
Concentration percentage			14.00%
Not-For-Profit Subsidiary [Member]
Recognized expenses	6	5	$ 17	51
Other income	0	$ 40	0	$ 0
Assets	40		40			15
Liabilities	$ 4		$ 4			$ 7
Stock Options [Member] \| Market Condition Vesting [Member]
Number of stock-based awards granted that contain market-based vesting (shares) \| shares	5,183,322		5,183,322

Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - Sales Revenue, Net [Member]	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Customer A [Member]
Concentration percentage	33.00%	12.00%	22.00%	19.00%
Customer B [Member]
Concentration percentage	25.00%		24.00%	5.00%
Customer C [Member]
Concentration percentage	11.00%		5.00%
Customer D [Member]
Concentration percentage	7.00%	22.00%	10.00%	10.00%
Customer G [Member]
Concentration percentage	1.00%	11.00%	1.00%	8.00%
Customer H [Member]
Concentration percentage	1.00%	1.00%	1.00%	15.00%
Customer E [Member]
Concentration percentage		22.00%		10.00%
Customer F [Member]
Concentration percentage		19.00%		8.00%

Significant Accounting Policies (Details 1) - Warrants [Member]	Sep. 30, 2018	Mar. 16, 2018 Number
Volatility [Member]
Measurement input	0.78	.616
Volatility [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Measurement input		0.75
Volatility [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Measurement input		0.83
Risk-Free Interest Rate [Member]
Measurement input	0.028	.029
Expected Term [Member]
Estimated term (in years)		10 years
Expected Term [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Estimated term (in years)	8 years 6 months	8 years 6 months
Expected Term [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Estimated term (in years)	9 years 6 months	10 years

Significant Accounting Policies (Details 2) - Warrants [Member] $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($)
Beginning Balance	$ 0
Issuance of warrants in connection with debt financing arrangement	210
Revaluation of warrants	(40)
Ending Balance	$ 170

Significant Accounting Policies (Details 3) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2018	Jan. 02, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$ 923	$ 577	$ 539
Deposits and other assets		472	151
Liabilities:
Deferred revenue	566	271	339
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	364	329	342
Stockholders' equity:
Accumulated deficit	$ (207,955)	$ (180,401)	(180,841)
Adjustments Due to Topic 606 [Member]
Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			38
Deposits and other assets			321
Liabilities:
Deferred revenue			(68)
Deferred revenue, net of current portion			(13)
Stockholders' equity:
Accumulated deficit			$ 440

Significant Accounting Policies (Details 4) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Jan. 02, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$ 923		$ 923		$ 577	$ 539
Deposits and other assets	386		386			151
Liabilities:
Deferred revenue	566		566		271	339
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	364		364		329	342
Stockholders' equity:
Accumulated deficit	(207,955)		(207,955)		$ (180,401)	$ (180,841)
Revenue	2,958		6,108
Selling, general and administrative	6,368	$ 5,588	20,697	$ 17,566
Net loss	(7,595)	(7,853)	(27,554)	(26,152)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (8,353)	$ (7,853)	$ (34,426)	$ (26,152)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders--basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.04)	$ (0.04)	$ (0.18)	$ (0.15)
Pro-forma as if the Previous Accounting Was In Effect [Member]
Assets:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$ 713		$ 713
Deposits and other assets	198		198
Liabilities:
Deferred revenue	597		597
Deferred revenue, net of current portion	406		406
Stockholders' equity:
Accumulated deficit	(208,426)		(208,426)
Revenue	3,018		6,180
Selling, general and administrative	6,484		20,800
Net loss	(7,651)		(27,585)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (8,401)		$ (33,831)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders--basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.04)		$ (0.18)

Significant Accounting Policies (Details 5) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018
Revenue	$ 2,958	$ 6,108
Products Transferred at Point in Time [Member]
Revenue	2,823	5,742
Services Transferred over Time [Member]
Revenue	135	366
Product Revenue [Member]
Revenue	2,823	5,742
Service Revenue [Member]
Revenue	$ 135	$ 366

Significant Accounting Policies (Details 6) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($)
Estimated revenues	$ 3,070
Less than 1 Year [Member]
Estimated revenues	1,650
Greater than 1 Year [Member]
Estimated revenues	1,420
Product Revenue [Member]
Estimated revenues	2,050
Product Revenue [Member] \| Less than 1 Year [Member]
Estimated revenues	1,109
Product Revenue [Member] \| Greater than 1 Year [Member]
Estimated revenues	941
Service Revenue [Member]
Estimated revenues	1,020
Service Revenue [Member] \| Less than 1 Year [Member]
Estimated revenues	541
Service Revenue [Member] \| Greater than 1 Year [Member]
Estimated revenues	$ 479

Significant Accounting Policies (Details 7) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018
Change in Contract with Customer, Asset [Abstract]
Balance at Beginning of Period		$ 272
Additions		36
Subtractions		(110)
Balance at End of Period	$ 198	198
Revenue recognized in the period from:
Amounts included in the contract liability at the beginning of the period	133	320
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods	45	45
Deferred Revenue [Member]
Change in Contract with Customer, Liability [Abstract]
Balance at Beginning of Period		693
Additions		557
Subtractions		(320)
Balance at End of Period	930	930
Deferred Contract Costs [Member]
Change in Contract with Customer, Asset [Abstract]
Balance at Beginning of Period		87
Additions		124
Subtractions		(21)
Balance at End of Period	$ 190	$ 190

Significant Accounting Policies (Details 8) - Warrants [Member]	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018 $ / shares shares
Number of Warrants
Outstanding Beginning \| shares	355,028
Granted \| shares	8,891,287
Outstanding Ending \| shares	9,246,315
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding Beginning \| $ / shares	$ 1.41
Granted \| $ / shares	1.40
Outstanding Ending \| $ / shares	$ 1.40

Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Raw material	$ 1,115	$ 945
Work in progress	727	310
Finished goods	832	848
Inventories, net	$ 2,674	$ 2,103

Long-Term Debt (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands			1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Mar. 16, 2018	Mar. 16, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Fair value of the warrants			$ 170	$ 170
Warrants [Member]
Number of warrants issued				$ 1.40
Warrants exercise price (in dollars per share)			$ 1.40	$ 1.40	$ 1.41
Financing Arrangement [Member]
Debt facility maximum capacity	$ 26,000	$ 26,000
Default basis spread on variable interest rate		5.00%
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Event of default amount as defined in agreement			$ 250	$ 250
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Term Loan A [Member]
Principle amount outstanding	12,000	$ 12,000
Basis spread on variable interest rate			7.25%
Description of variable interest rate base			ICE Benchmark LIBOR
Effective interest rate			9.40%	9.40%
Debt discount	$ 532	532
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Term Loan A [Member] \| Warrants [Member]
Number of warrants issued	$ 141,287
Warrants exercise price (in dollars per share)			$ 1.27	$ 1.27
Fair value of the warrants	$ 210	210	$ 170	$ 170
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Term Loans [Member]
Debt facility maximum capacity	23,000	$ 23,000
Principle amount outstanding			$ 12,000	$ 12,000
Basis spread on variable interest rate		7.25%
Description of variable interest rate base		ICE Benchmark LIBOR
Additional debt facility capacity available with gross profit milestone	5,500	$ 5,500
Additional debt facility capacity available after equity sales	$ 5,500	5,500
Net cash proceeds from future sale of equity securities		$ 30,000
Debt final payment fee (percent)			6.00%
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Term Loans [Member] \| Year One of Loan Issuance [Member]
Debt prepayment fee (percent)			2.50%
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Term Loans [Member] \| Year 2 of Loan Issuance [Member]
Debt prepayment fee (percent)			1.50%
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Term Loans [Member] \| Year 3 of Loan Issuance [Member]
Debt prepayment fee (percent)			1.00%
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Term Loans [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Interest rate	8.83%	8.83%
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Debt facility maximum capacity	$ 3,000	$ 3,000
Credit facility, expiration year		2022
Borrowing base of revolving facility (percent)	80.00%	80.00%
Description of borrowing base of revolving facility		Accounts Receivable
Principle amount outstanding	$ 0	$ 0
Basis spread on variable interest rate		0.50%
Description of variable interest rate base		Prime Rate
Annual facility fee		$ 15
Termination fee		$ 22
Unused revolving line facility fee (percent)		0.50%
Deferred financing costs	$ 51	$ 51
Financing costs incurred		$ 373
Financing Arrangement [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Interest rate	5.00%	5.00%

Long-Term Debt (Details) - Financing Arrangement [Member] - Term Loans [Member] $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($)
Year Ending December 31,
2018	$ 0
2019	1,200
2020	4,800
2021	4,800
2022	1,200
Future principal payments under the term loan facility	$ 12,000

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands						9 Months Ended
	Oct. 15, 2018	Aug. 31, 2018	Jul. 16, 2018	Apr. 16, 2018	Mar. 16, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	May 31, 2018	Apr. 10, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Preferred stock, authorized shares						10,000,000			10,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)						$ 0.0001			$ 0.0001
Common stock, authorized shares						350,000,000	350,000,000	250,000,000	350,000,000
Private Placement [Member] \| Sales Agreement [Member] \| Cowen and Company, LLC [Member]
Number of shares sold						2,127,355
Weighted average share price						$ 1.16
Net proceeds		$ 30,000				$ 2,158
Series A-1 Preferred Stock [Member]
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)						$ 0.0001			$ 0.0001
Issuance of shares for dividend payment (shares)	30,000		30,000	10,400
Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)						0.0001			$ 0.0001
Preferred stock liquidation preference						$ 25.00
Preferred stock redemption value						$ 26,010
Convertible into common shares						20,208,000
Number of shares issued					1,000,000
Fair value of preferred stock					$ 4,162
Fair value of the warrants					20,838
Beneficial conversion feature					$ 5,236
Percentage of dividend						12.00%
Series A Preferred Stock [Member] \| Private Placement [Member]
Number of warrants issued					$ 8,750,000
Warrants exercise price (in dollars per share)					$ 1.40
Net proceeds from stock issuance					$ 24,671
Percentage of dividend					12.00%
Financing costs incurred					$ 329

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) (Details)	Mar. 16, 2018 Number	Sep. 30, 2018
Volatility [Member] \| Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
Measurement input	0.459
Expected Term [Member] \| Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
Preferred stock estimate term (in years)	3 years 9 months 18 days
Warrants [Member] \| Risk-Free Interest Rate [Member]
Measurement input	.029	0.028
Warrants [Member] \| Expected Dividend Rate [Member]
Measurement input	0
Warrants [Member] \| Volatility [Member]
Measurement input	.616	0.78
Warrants [Member] \| Expected Term [Member]
Warrant estimate term (in years)	10 years

Stock-Based Compensation (Details Narrative) - $ / shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Numbers of option granted	9,534,322	1,857,326
Option weighted-average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.43	$ 0.82
Minimum [Member]
Option weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	0.75	1.17
Maximum [Member]
Option weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 1.05	$ 1.85

Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 947	$ 616	$ 2,258	$ 2,194
Cost of revenue [Member]
Stock-based compensation expense	40		99
Research and Development Expense [Member]
Stock-based compensation expense	88	71	205	188
Selling General And Administrative Expense [Member]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 819	$ 545	$ 1,954	$ 2,006

Stock-Based Compensation (Details 1) - Stock Options [Member]	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Expected term in years	6 years 3 months
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Minimum [Member]
Risk-free interest rate	2.70%	1.80%
Expected term in years		6 years
Expected volatility	64.00%	55.00%
Maximum [Member]
Risk-free interest rate	2.90%	2.40%
Expected term in years		10 years
Expected volatility	80.00%	63.00%

Stock-Based Compensation (Details 2) - Restricted Common Stock [Member]	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018 $ / shares shares
Number of shares
Unvested Beginning \| shares	42,406
Granted \| shares	334,955
Vested \| shares	(113,854)
Forfeited/Cancelled \| shares	(16,036)
Unvested Ending \| shares	247,471
Weighted-average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested Beginning \| $ / shares	$ 0.87
Granted \| $ / shares	0.65
Vested \| $ / shares	0.72
Forfeited/Cancelled \| $ / shares	0.87
Unvested Ending \| $ / shares	$ 0.64

Net Loss per Share (Details) - shares	9 Months Ended
Net Loss per Share (Details) - shares	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Number of anti-dilutive securities	247,471
Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
Number of anti-dilutive securities	20,000,000
Series A-1 Preferred Stock [Member]
Number of anti-dilutive securities	808,000
Warrants [Member]
Number of anti-dilutive securities	9,246,315	5,083,219
Stock Options [Member]
Number of anti-dilutive securities	25,027,883	18,966,896

Restructuring Charge (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018
Restructuring charge - severance costs	$ 349
Payment of restructuring		$ 332
Restructuring Costs [Member]
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		$ 17

Subsequent Events (Details Narrative) - Subsequent Event [Member] - Sales Agreement [Member] - Cowen and Company, LLC [Member] $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	Nov. 07, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Number of shares sold \| shares	117,375
Weighted average share price \| $ / shares	$ 1.42
Net proceeds \| $	$ 162