Document and Entity Information Document - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information Document - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018	Feb. 07, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Registrant Name	TRUPANION, INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0001371285
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Document Type	10-K
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		34,332,607
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Public Float			$ 1,190,862,535

Consolidated Statement of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 303,956	$ 242,667	$ 188,230
Veterinary invoice expense	214,539	170,122	133,534
Other cost of revenue	38,051	29,495	21,408
Gross profit	51,366	43,050	33,288
Technology Services Costs	9,248	9,768	9,534
General and administrative	18,164	16,820	15,205
Sales and marketing	24,999	19,104	15,247
Total operating expenses	52,411	45,692	39,986
Operating loss	(1,045)	(2,642)	(6,698)
Interest expense	1,198	533	218
Other income, net	(1,309)	(1,244)	(58)
Loss before income taxes	(934)	(1,931)	(6,858)
Income tax (benefit) expense	(7)	(428)	38
Net loss	$ (927)	$ (1,503)	$ (6,896)
Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted	$ (0.03)	$ (0.05)	$ (0.24)
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic and Diluted	31,961,192	29,588,324	28,527,602

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income Statement - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Net loss	$ (927)	$ (1,503)	$ (6,896)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(642)	277	79
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities	(19)	8	46
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	(661)	285	125
Comprehensive loss	$ (1,588)	$ (1,218)	$ (6,771)

Consolidated Balance Sheet - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Assets [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 26,552	$ 25,706
Short-term Investments	54,559	37,590
Accounts and other receivables	31,565	20,367
Prepaid expenses and other assets	5,300	2,895
Total current assets	117,976	86,558
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	1,400	600
Investments in fixed maturities, at fair value	3,554	3,237
Property and equipment, net	69,803	7,868
Intangible assets, net	8,071	4,972
Other Assets, Noncurrent	6,706	2,624
Total assets	207,510	105,859
Liabilities and Equity [Abstract]
Accounts payable	2,767	2,716
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities	11,347	7,660
Reserve for veterinary invoices	16,062	12,756
Deferred Revenue, Current	33,027	22,734
Total current liabilities	63,203	45,866
Long-term debt	12,862	9,324
Deferred tax liabilities	1,002	1,002
Other liabilities	1,270	1,233
Total liabilities	78,337	57,425
Common stock: $0.00001 par value per share	0	0
Preferred Stock, Value, Outstanding	0	0
Additional Paid-in Capital	219,838	134,511
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(753)	(92)
Accumulated deficit	(83,711)	(82,784)
Treasury stock, at cost	(6,201)	(3,201)
Total stockholders' deficit	129,173	48,434
Liabilities and Equity	$ 207,510	$ 105,859

Consolidated Balance Sheet Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet Parentheticals - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Common Stock, Shares Authorized	100,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding	34,025,136
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized	10,000,000
Common Stock
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common Stock, Shares Authorized	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Issued	34,781,121	30,778,796
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding	34,025,136	30,121,496
Preferred Stock [Member]
Preferred Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred Stock, Shares Issued	0	0
Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding	0	0
Treasury Stock [Member]
Treasury Stock, Shares	755,985	657,300

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity Statement - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Treasury Stock [Member]	Treasury Stock, Common [Member]
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding		28,396,189
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Share-based Compensation, Net of Tax Withholdings		1,079,080
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Share-based Compensation, Net of Tax Withholdings	$ 3,083		$ 3,083
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	45,356	$ 0	122,844	$ (74,385)	$ (502)	$ (2,601)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Redemption of warrants		59,999
Settlement of warrant liabilities	600		600
Treasury Stock, Value, Acquired, Cost Method	(600)						$ (600)
Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital, Share-based Compensation, Requisite Service Period Recognition	3,047		3,047
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	125				125
Net loss	(6,896)			(6,896)
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2016	44,715	$ 0	129,574	(81,281)	(377)	(3,201)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Treasury Stock, Shares, Acquired		(36,321)
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding		29,498,947
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Share-based Compensation, Net of Tax Withholdings		622,549
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Share-based Compensation, Net of Tax Withholdings	1,375		1,375
Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital, Share-based Compensation, Requisite Service Period Recognition	3,562		3,562
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	285				285
Net loss	(1,503)			(1,503)
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 48,434	$ 0	134,511	(82,784)	(92)	(3,201)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding		30,121,496
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues	2,090,909	2,090,909
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, follow-on public offering	$ 65,638		65,638
Payments to Acquire Buildings, Shares		303,030
Payment to Acquire Corporate Building, Fair Value of Shares	9,633		9,633
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Share-based Compensation, Net of Tax Withholdings		1,278,386
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Share-based Compensation, Net of Tax Withholdings	1,806		1,806
Redemption of warrants		231,315
Settlement of warrant liabilities	300		3,300				$ (3,000)
Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital, Share-based Compensation, Requisite Service Period Recognition	4,950		4,950
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	(661)
Net loss	(927)
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 129,173	$ 0	$ 219,838	$ (83,711)	$ (753)	$ (6,201)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding	34,025,136	34,025,136

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (927)	$ (1,503)	$ (6,896)
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income (Loss) to Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities [Abstract]
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization	4,512	4,232	3,846
Stock-based compensation expense	4,775	3,419	2,946
Gain on sale of equity method investment	0	(1,036)	0
Other Operating Income (Expense), Net	(240)	(383)	104
Increase (Decrease) in Operating Assets [Abstract]
Accounts and other receivables	(11,248)	(10,219)	(1,830)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(2,628)	(179)	48
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and other liabilities	4,531	3,019	1,164
Reserve for veterinary invoices	3,440	3,149	3,226
Deferred revenue	10,465	9,167	2,398
Net cash provided by operating activities	12,680	9,666	5,006
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities [Abstract]
Purchases of investment securities	(52,862)	(31,920)	(31,616)
Maturities of investment securities	35,413	23,372	27,247
Payments for (Proceeds from) Investments	(3,000)	0	0
Payments to Acquire Intangible Assets	(2,959)
Proceeds from Sale of Equity Method Investments	0	1,402
Purchases of property and equipment	(56,936)	(3,131)	(1,941)
Payments for (Proceeds from) Other Investing Activities	(1,107)	(2,779)	(198)
Net cash used in investing activities	(81,451)	(13,056)	(6,508)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities [Abstract]
Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity	65,671
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	3,601	2,545	3,745
Payments Related to Tax Withholding for Share-based Compensation	(1,839)	(1,170)	(662)
Proceeds from debt financing, net of financing fees	13,431	4,400	4,988
Repayments of Long-term Debt	(10,000)	0	0
Proceeds from (Payments for) Other Financing Activities	365	(694)	(399)
Net cash provided by financing activities	71,229	5,081	7,672
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, net	(812)	378	111
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	1,646	2,069	6,281
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash, Carrying Value	26,306	24,237	17,956
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash, Carrying Value, End of Period	27,952	26,306	24,237
Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]
Income taxes paid	216	177	19
Interest paid	1,019	333	153
Redemption of Warrants Non-Cash; Common Stock	3,000		600
Acquisition of Corporate Real Estate Non-Cash, Common Stock	9,640
Purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	106	390	104
Capital Lease Obligations Incurred	$ 0	$ 689	$ 559

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet Parentheticals - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Common Stock, Shares Authorized	100,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding	34,025,136
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized	10,000,000
Common Stock
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common Stock, Shares Authorized	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Issued	34,781,121	30,778,796
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding	34,025,136	30,121,496
Preferred Stock [Member]
Preferred Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred Stock, Shares Issued	0	0
Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding	0	0
Treasury Stock [Member]
Treasury Stock, Shares	755,985	657,300
Parent Company \| Common Stock
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common Stock, Shares Authorized	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Issued	34,781,121	30,778,796
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding	34,025,136	30,121,496
Parent Company \| Preferred Stock [Member]
Preferred Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred Stock, Shares Issued	0	0
Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding	0	0
Parent Company \| Treasury Stock [Member]
Treasury Stock, Shares	755,985	657,300

Net Loss per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share [Text Block]

Net Loss per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is calculated using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock plus, when dilutive, potential common shares outstanding using the treasury-stock method. Potential common shares outstanding include stock options, unvested restricted stock awards and restricted stock units, and warrants.

The following potentially dilutive equity securities were not included in the diluted earnings per common share calculation because they would have had an antidilutive effect:



	As of December 31,
	2018	2017	2016
Stock options	2,621,503	4,006,399	4,123,023
Restricted stock awards and restricted stock units	451,160	256,842	352,996
Warrants	480,000	810,000	810,000

Property Plant and Equipment (Notes)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):



	December 31,
	2018			2017
Land and improvements	$	15,833		$	—
Building and improvements	46,561			—
Software	20,338			17,221
Office equipment and other	2,772			3,022
Property and equipment, at cost	85,504			20,243
Less: Accumulated depreciation	(15,701		)	(12,375		)
Property and equipment, net	$	69,803		$	7,868

Depreciation expense related to property and equipment, inclusive of assets purchased on capital lease, was $4.3 million, $4.2 million and $3.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Intangible Assets (Notes)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible Assets Disclosure [Text Block]

Intangible Assets

The following table presents the detail of intangible assets for the periods presented (in thousands):



	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Value
December 31, 2018:
Licenses	$	4,773	$	—		$	4,773
Patents and trademarks	743		(191		)	552
Leases	2,959		(213		)	2,746
Total Intangibles	$	8,475	$	(404	)	$	8,071
December 31, 2017:
Licenses	$	4,773	$	—		$	4,773
Patents and trademarks	373		(174		)	199
Leases	—		—			—
Total Intangibles	$	5,146	$	(174	)	$	4,972

The Company acquired an insurance company in 2007, which originally included licenses in 23 states. These licenses were valued at $4.8 million. The Company is currently licensed in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. Most licenses are renewed annually upon payment of various fees assessed by the issuing state. Renewal costs are expensed as incurred. This is considered an indefinite-lived intangible asset given the planned renewal of the certificates of authority and applicable licenses for the foreseeable future.

The lease-related intangible assets relate to in-place lease agreements associated with the building acquisition in August 2018 and will be amortized over a weighted-average useful life of 5.1 years.

Amortization expense associated with intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $0.2 million, and is expected to be approximately $0.5 million in each of the five succeeding years.

Investment Securities (Notes)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Investments in Debt and Marketable Equity Securities (and Certain Trading Assets) Disclosure [Text Block]

The amortized cost, gross unrealized holding gains and losses, and fair value of long-term and short-term investments by major security type and class of security were as follows as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):



	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Holding Gains		Gross Unrealized Holding Losses			Fair Value
As of December 31, 2018
Long-term investments:
Foreign deposits	$	2,573	$	—	$	—		$	2,573
Municipal bond	1,000		—		(19		)	981
	$	3,573	$	—	$	(19	)	$	3,554
Short-term investments:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	6,645	$	—	$	(3	)	$	6,642
Certificates of deposit	437		—		—			437
U.S. government funds	47,477		—		—			47,477
	$	54,559	$	—	$	(3	)	$	54,556

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Holding Gains		Gross Unrealized Holding Losses			Fair Value
As of December 31, 2017
Long-term investments:
Foreign deposits	$	2,237	$	—	$	—		$	2,237
Municipal bond	1,000		—		—			1,000
	$	3,237	$	—	$	—		$	3,237
Short-term investments:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	5,783	$	—	$	(4	)	$	5,779
Certificates of deposit	690		1		—			691
U.S. government funds	31,117		—		—			31,117
	$	37,590	$	1	$	(4	)	$	37,587

Maturities of debt securities classified as available-for-sale were as follows (in thousands):



	December 31, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Available-for-sale:
Due after one year through five years	3,573		3,554
	$	3,573	$	3,554

The Company evaluated its securities for other-than-temporary impairment and considers the decline in market value for the securities to be primarily attributable to current economic and market conditions. For debt securities, the Company does not intend to sell, nor is it more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell, the securities prior to maturity or prior to the recovery of the amortized cost basis.

Other Investments (Notes)	12 Months Ended
Other Investments (Notes)	Dec. 31, 2018
Other Investments [Abstract]
Investments and Other Noncurrent Assets [Text Block]	Other Investments Investment in Variable Interest Entity In July 2018, the Company purchased $3.0 million in preferred stock of a privately held corporation with a complementary business line. The Company does not have power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the variable interest entity and is, therefore, not the primary beneficiary. The Company's investment in preferred stock is accounted for as an available-for-sale debt security. Through January 2020, the Company has agreed to purchase an additional $4.0 million in preferred stock of the variable interest entity, contingent upon the exercise of this option by the variable interest entity. The Company has the option to purchase the variable interest entity on the fifth anniversary of the initial preferred stock purchase. Additionally, the Company has extended a $2.5 million revolving line of credit to the variable interest entity. The Company's investment and amounts loaned under the line of credit are recorded in other long-term assets on the consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2018, outstanding loan balance under the line of credit was $0.6 million. The Company has also entered into a series of agreements to provide ancillary services to the variable interest entity at cost. The Company provided $0.6 million of these services for the year ended December 31, 2018, which were recorded against its operating expenses. Investment in Joint Venture In September 2018, the Company acquired a non-controlling equity interest in a joint venture, whereby it has committed to licensing certain intellectual property and contributing up to $2.2 million AUD upon the achievement of specific operational milestones over a period of at least four years from the agreement execution date. As of December 31, 2018, the Company has contributed $0.3 million AUD.

Fair Value

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

Fair Value

The following table summarizes, by major security type, the Company's assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and placement within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):



	As of December 31, 2018
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Restricted cash	$	1,400	$	1,400	$	—	$	—
Money market funds	2,010		2,010		—		—
Fixed maturities:
Foreign deposits	2,573		2,573		—		—
Municipal bond	981		—		981		—
Investment in variable interest entity	3,000		—		—		3,000
Total	$	9,964	$	5,983	$	981	$	3,000

	As of December 31, 2017
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Restricted cash	$	600	$	600	$	—	$	—
Money market funds	5,167		5,167		—		—
Fixed maturities:
Foreign deposits	2,237		2,237		—		—
Municipal bond	1,000		—		1,000		—
Total	$	9,004	$	8,004	$	1,000	$	—

The Company measures the fair value of restricted cash, money market funds, and foreign deposits based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. The fair value of the municipal bond is based on either recent trades in inactive markets or quoted market prices of similar instruments and other significant inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data. The estimated fair value of the Company's investment in the variable interest entity is a Level 3 measurement, and is based on market interest rates, the assessed creditworthiness of the entity, and the estimated fair value of the entity's common stock. As of December 31, 2018, the Company estimates that the purchase price approximates the fair value. Short-term investments are carried at amortized cost and the fair value is disclosed in Note 5, Investments. The fair value of these investments is determined in the same manner as for available-for-sale securities and is considered a Level 1 measurement.

Fair Value Disclosures

The Company's other long-term assets balance included notes receivable of $3.0 million and $2.5 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, recorded at their estimated collectible amount. The Company estimates that the carrying value of the notes receivable approximates the fair value. The estimated fair value represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy, and is based on market interest rates and the assessed creditworthiness of the third party.

The Company estimates the fair value of long-term debt based upon rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities. This is a Level 3 measurement. Based upon the terms of the debt, the carrying amount of long-term debt approximated fair value at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Commitment and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]

Commitments and Contingencies

The following summarizes the Company's contractual commitments as of December 31, 2018 (in thousands):



	Year Ending December 31,
	2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		Thereafter		Total
Long-term debt obligations⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	—	$	13,000	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	13,000
Capital and operating leases	148		24		24		6		—		—		202
Other obligations⁽²⁾	2,886		325		185		168		168		2,464		6,196
Total	$	3,034	$	349	$	13,209	$	174	$	168	$	2,464	$	19,398

(1) Consists of a revolving line of credit. Excludes interest of the greater of 4.5% or 1.25% plus the prime rate (6.75% as of December 31, 2018).

(2) Consists of contractual obligations from non-cancellable vendor service agreements.

The Company had a lease agreement for its headquarters building located in Seattle, Washington until the Company purchased the building in August 2018. Minimum rent payments under operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Rental expense for operating leases was $1.4 million, $1.8 million and $1.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Legal Proceedings

Certain insurance regulators in the United States have contacted the Company regarding whether employees who had helped prospective members enroll by telephone in prior years were required to have an insurance license to conduct such telephone conversations. To date, the Company has resolved each of these matters in non-material amounts and believes it is compliant with the applicable regulations. The Company is currently engaged with a limited number of state insurance regulators to resolve this same legacy issue and believes it has adequately reserved for these matters.

In addition, from time to time the Company is or may become subject to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, including proceedings against members, other entities or regulatory bodies. Estimated liabilities are recorded when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. In many instances, the Company is unable to determine whether a loss is probable or to reasonably estimate the amount of such a loss and, therefore, the potential future losses arising from a matter may exceed the amount of estimated liabilities the Company has recorded in the financial statements covering these matters. The Company reviews its estimates at least quarterly and makes adjustments to reflect negotiations, estimated settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertaining to a particular matter.

Claims Reserve (Notes)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Claims Paid [Abstract]

Supplementary Insurance Information, for Insurance Companies Disclosure [Text Block]

Reserve for Veterinary Invoices

The reserve for veterinary invoices is an estimate of the future amount the Company will pay for veterinary invoices that are dated as of, or prior to, its balance sheet date. The reserve also includes the Company's estimate of related internal processing costs. The reserve estimate involves actuarial projections, and is based on management's assessment of facts and circumstances currently known, and assumptions about anticipated patterns. The reserve is made for each of the Company's segments, subscription and other business, and are continually refined as the Company receives and pays veterinary invoices. Changes in management's assumptions and estimates may have a relatively large impact to the reserve and associated expense.

Reserve for veterinary invoices

Summarized below are the changes in the total liability for the Company's subscription business segment (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
Subscription	2018		2017			2016
Reserve at beginning of year	$	11,059	$	8,538		$	5,384
Veterinary invoice expense during the period related to:
Current year	190,642		155,623			123,823
Prior years	409		(69		)	813
Total veterinary invoice expense	191,051		155,554			124,636
Amounts paid during the period related to:
Current year	177,418		144,802			115,314
Prior years	10,130		7,777			5,832
Total paid	187,548		152,579			121,146
Non-cash expenses	687		454			336
Reserve at end of period	$	13,875	$	11,059		$	8,538

The Company's reserve for the subscription business segment increased $2.8 million from $11.1 million at December 31, 2017 to $13.9 million at December 31, 2018. This change was comprised of $191.1 million in expense recorded during the period less $187.5 million in payments of veterinary invoices. This $191.1 million in veterinary invoice expense incurred included an increase of $0.4 million to the reserves relating to prior years, which was the result of ongoing analysis of recent payment trends. The Company's adjustments to prior year reserves were a reduction of $0.1 million and an increase of $0.8 million as a result of analysis of payment trends in the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Summarized below are the changes in total liability for the Company's other business segment (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
Other Business	2018			2017			2016
Reserve at beginning of year	$	1,697		$	983		$	890
Veterinary invoice expense during the period related to:
Current year	23,784			14,739			9,027
Prior years	(296		)	(171		)	(129		)
Total veterinary invoice expense	23,488			14,568			8,898
Amounts paid during the period related to:
Current year	21,615			13,053			8,048
Prior years	1,383			801			757
Total paid	22,998			13,854			8,805
Non-cash expenses	—			—			—
Reserve at end of period	$	2,187		$	1,697		$	983

The Company’s reserve for the other business segment increased $0.5 million from $1.7 million at December 31, 2017 to $2.2 million at December 31, 2018. This change was comprised of $23.5 million in expense recorded during the period less $23.0 million in payments of veterinary invoices. This $23.5 million in veterinary invoice expense incurred included a reduction of $0.3 million to the reserves relating to prior years, which was the result of ongoing analysis of recent payment trends. The Company's adjustments to decrease prior year reserves were $0.2 million and $0.1 million as a result of analysis of payment trends in each of the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Veterinary invoice expenses

In the following tables, the cumulative number of veterinary invoices represents the total number received as of December 31, 2018, by year the veterinary invoice relates to, referred to as the year of occurrence. If a pet is injured or becomes ill, multiple trips to the veterinarian may result in several invoices. Each of these veterinary invoices is included in the cumulative number, regardless of whether the veterinary invoice was paid. Information for years 2015 through 2017 is provided as required supplementary information. Amounts in these tables are presented on a constant currency basis to remove the impact of changes in the foreign currency exchange rate on development. The cumulative expenses as of the end of each year are revalued using the currency exchange rate as of December 31, 2018.

The following table summarizes the development of veterinary invoice expense, on a constant currency basis, for the Company's subscription business segment by year of occurrence (in thousands, except for cumulative number of veterinary invoices data):



	Cumulative veterinary invoice expenses								Reserve		Cumulative number of veterinary invoices
	Cumulative veterinary invoice expenses								Reserve		Cumulative number of veterinary invoices
	As of December 31,								As of December 31,
Subscription	2015		2016		2017		2018		2018		2018
Year of Occurrence	(unaudited)		(unaudited)		(unaudited)
2015	$	94,138	$	94,691	$	94,749	$	94,797	$	72	479,172
2016			$	123,202	$	122,990	$	123,072	$	271	595,563
2017					$	154,209	$	154,497	$	995	715,375
2018							$	188,825	$	12,537	800,074
							$	561,191	$	13,875

The following table summarizes the development of veterinary invoice expense, on a constant currency basis, for the Company's other business segment by year of occurrence (in thousands, except for cumulative number of veterinary invoices data):



	Cumulative veterinary invoice expenses								Reserve		Cumulative number of veterinary invoices
	Cumulative veterinary invoice expenses								Reserve		Cumulative number of veterinary invoices
	As of December 31,								As of December 31,
Other Business	2015		2016		2017		2018		2018		2018
Year of Occurrence	(unaudited)		(unaudited)		(unaudited)
2015	$	7,973	$	7,845	$	7,849	$	7,857	$	2	46,950
2016			$	9,027	$	8,842	$	8,855	$	4	59,493
2017					$	14,735	$	14,417	$	12	105,171
2018							$	23,775	$	2,169	160,393
							$	54,904	$	2,187

Cumulative paid veterinary invoice expense

In the following tables, amounts are by year the veterinary invoice relates to, referred to as the year of occurrence. Amounts in these tables are presented on a constant currency basis to remove the impact of changes in the foreign currency exchange rate. The cumulative amounts paid as of the end of each year are revalued using the currency exchange rate as of December 31, 2018. Information for years 2015 through 2017 is provided as required supplementary information.

The following table summarizes the amounts paid for veterinary invoices, inclusive of related internal processing costs and reported on a constant currency basis, for the subscription segment (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
Subscription	2015		2016		2017		2018
Year of Occurrence	(unaudited)		(unaudited)		(unaudited)
2015	$	88,808	$	94,406	$	94,621	$	94,725
2016			$	115,045	$	122,461	$	122,802
2017					$	143,958	$	153,502
2018							$	176,288
							$	547,317
Total amounts unpaid and recorded as a liability							$	13,875

The following table summarizes the amounts paid for veterinary invoices, inclusive of related internal processing costs and reported on a constant currency basis, for the other business segment (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
Other Business	2015		2016		2017		2018
Year of Occurrence	(unaudited)		(unaudited)		(unaudited)
2015	$	7,085	$	7,841	$	7,849	$	7,855
2016			$	8,048	$	8,831	$	8,851
2017					$	13,050	$	14,405
2018							$	21,606
							$	52,717
Total amounts unpaid and recorded as a liability							$	2,187

Schedule of Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Table Text Block]

Summarized below are the changes in the total liability for the Company's subscription business segment (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
Subscription	2018		2017			2016
Reserve at beginning of year	$	11,059	$	8,538		$	5,384
Veterinary invoice expense during the period related to:
Current year	190,642		155,623			123,823
Prior years	409		(69		)	813
Total veterinary invoice expense	191,051		155,554			124,636
Amounts paid during the period related to:
Current year	177,418		144,802			115,314
Prior years	10,130		7,777			5,832
Total paid	187,548		152,579			121,146
Non-cash expenses	687		454			336
Reserve at end of period	$	13,875	$	11,059		$	8,538

The Company's reserve for the subscription business segment increased $2.8 million from $11.1 million at December 31, 2017 to $13.9 million at December 31, 2018. This change was comprised of $191.1 million in expense recorded during the period less $187.5 million in payments of veterinary invoices. This $191.1 million in veterinary invoice expense incurred included an increase of $0.4 million to the reserves relating to prior years, which was the result of ongoing analysis of recent payment trends. The Company's adjustments to prior year reserves were a reduction of $0.1 million and an increase of $0.8 million as a result of analysis of payment trends in the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Summarized below are the changes in total liability for the Company's other business segment (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
Other Business	2018			2017			2016
Reserve at beginning of year	$	1,697		$	983		$	890
Veterinary invoice expense during the period related to:
Current year	23,784			14,739			9,027
Prior years	(296		)	(171		)	(129		)
Total veterinary invoice expense	23,488			14,568			8,898
Amounts paid during the period related to:
Current year	21,615			13,053			8,048
Prior years	1,383			801			757
Total paid	22,998			13,854			8,805
Non-cash expenses	—			—			—
Reserve at end of period	$	2,187		$	1,697		$	983

The Company’s reserve for the other business segment increased $0.5 million from $1.7 million at December 31, 2017 to $2.2 million at December 31, 2018. This change was comprised of $23.5 million in expense recorded during the period less $23.0 million in payments of veterinary invoices. This $23.5 million in veterinary invoice expense incurred included a reduction of $0.3 million to the reserves relating to prior years, which was the result of ongoing analysis of recent payment trends. The Company's adjustments to decrease prior year reserves were $0.2 million and $0.1 million as a result of analysis of payment trends in each of the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Debt	12 Months Ended
Debt	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Debt Disclosure [Text Block]	Debt In June 2018, the Company amended its credit agreement, increasing its borrowing capacity from $30.0 million to $50.0 million, extending the maturity date to June 2021, and increasing the required amount of restricted cash. The facility is secured by any and all interests in the Company's assets that are not otherwise restricted. Interest on the revolving line of credit is payable monthly at the greater of 4.5% or 1.25% plus the prime rate (6.75% at December 31, 2018). The credit agreement includes other ancillary services and letters of credit of up to $4.5 million, and requires a deposit of restricted cash of $1.4 million. As of December 31, 2018, the Company was in compliance with all financial and non-financial covenants required by the credit agreement. Borrowings on the revolving line of credit were limited to the lesser of $50.0 million or the total amount of cash and securities held by the Company's insurance subsidiaries (American Pet Insurance Company and Wyndham Insurance Company (SAC) Limited Segregated Account AX) as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. As of December 31, 2018, available borrowing capacity on the line of credit was $36.6 million, with an outstanding balance of $0.4 million for ancillary services and letters of credit, and borrowings under the facility of $13.0 million, recorded net of financing fees of $0.1 million.

Stock-based Compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Stock-based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense includes stock options, restricted stock awards, and restricted stock units granted to employees and non-employees and has been reported in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations depending on the function performed by the employee or non-employee. Stock-based compensation expense recognized in each category of the consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2016
Veterinary invoice expense	$	571	$	355	$	234
Other cost of revenue	356		239		41
Technology and development	209		216		246
General and administrative	2,304		1,887		1,893
Sales and marketing	1,335		722		532
Total stock-based compensation	$	4,775	$	3,419	$	2,946

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had 475,368 unvested stock options and 451,160 unvested restricted stock awards and restricted stock units. Total stock-based compensation expense of $3.1 million related to unvested stock options and $7.8 million related to unvested restricted stock awards and restricted stock units is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 1.9 years and 2.6 years, respectively.

Stock Options

The grant date fair value of stock option awards are estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company did not grant any stock options during the year ended December 31, 2018. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, valuation assumptions are presented in the following table:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2017	2016
Valuation assumptions:
Expected term (in years)	6.25	5.04-6.25
Expected volatility	37.1%-39.8%	37.6%-42.1%
Risk-free interest rate	1.8%-2.2%	1.1%-2.0%
Expected dividend yield	—%	—%

The following table presents information regarding stock options granted, exercised and forfeited for the periods presented:



	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding as of January 1, 2016	4,871,949		$	3.71	$	29,644
Granted	666,664		13.37		—
Exercised	(1,119,367	)	3.35		11,980
Forfeited	(296,223	)	8.14		—
Outstanding as of December 31, 2016	4,123,023		5.06		43,185
Granted	657,339		17.74		—
Exercised	(670,823	)	3.80		10,392
Forfeited	(103,140	)	12.25		—
Outstanding as of December 31, 2017	4,006,399		7.16		88,578
Granted	—		—		—
Exercised	(1,292,037	)	2.82		36,625
Forfeited	(92,859	)	15.36		—
Outstanding as of December 31, 2018	2,621,503		9.01		43,136

Exercisable at December 31, 2018	2,146,135		$	7.46	$	38,642

As of December 31, 2018, stock options outstanding and stock options exercisable had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 5.6 years and 5.0 years, respectively.

The weighted-average grant date fair value per share and the fair value of options vested were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016:



	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share		Fair Value of Options Vested (in thousands)
Year:
2016	$	5.64	$	4,645
2017	$	7.25	$	6,313
2018	$	—	$	2,665

Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units

The below table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock award and restricted stock unit activity for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016:



	Number of Shares		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Unvested shares as of January 1, 2016	467,508		$	4.77
Granted	—		—
Vested	(116,877	)	4.77
Forfeited	—		—
Unvested shares as of December 31, 2016	350,631		4.77
Granted	23,659		30.19
Vested	(116,877	)	4.77
Forfeited	(571	)	30.19
Unvested shares as of December 31, 2017	256,842		4.77
Granted	375,313		28.10
Vested	(149,213	)	9.74
Forfeited	(31,782	)	28.57
Unvested shares as of December 31, 2018	451,160		$	22.16

Real Estate (Notes)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Real Estate [Abstract]

Business Combination Disclosure [Text Block]

Real Estate

In August 2018, the Company purchased real property that houses the company headquarters located at 6100 Fourth Avenue South, Seattle, Washington. The purchase price was $65.2 million, consisting of $55.0 million in cash, 303,030 shares of common stock with an estimated fair value of $9.6 million, and transaction costs totaling $0.6 million. The issued shares are subject to a lock-up period that continues to and includes June 25, 2020. The fair value of the issued shares was estimated as of the closing date for the real estate acquisition using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions:



	August 9, 2018
Assumptions	Fair Value
Risk free interest rate	2.5	%
Expected volatility	36.72	%
Expected life (years)	1.88
Expected dividend yield	—	%

The purchase price was allocated to the following assets based on estimates of their relative fair value (in thousands):



Building and improvements	$	46,379
Land and improvements	15,833
Lease-related intangible assets	2,959
Total purchase price	65,171

Stockholder's Equity (Notes)	12 Months Ended
Stockholder's Equity (Notes)	Dec. 31, 2018
Equity [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]	Stockholders’ Equity As of December 31, 2018, the Company had 100,000,000 shares of common stock authorized and 34,025,136 shares of common stock outstanding. Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote on each matter properly submitted to the stockholders of the Company except those related to matters concerning possible outstanding preferred stock. At December 31, 2018, the Company had 10,000,000 shares of undesignated shares of preferred stock authorized for future issuance and did not have any outstanding shares of preferred stock. The holders of common stock are also entitled to receive dividends as and when declared by the board of directors of the Company, whenever funds are legally available. These rights are subordinate to the dividend rights of holders of all classes of stock outstanding at the time. The Company is unable to pay dividends to stockholders as of December 31, 2018 due to restrictions in its credit agreements. Warrants During the year ended December 31, 2018, 330,000 of the Company's outstanding warrants were exercised. Warrants to purchase 480,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $10.00 per share remained outstanding at December 31, 2018, which expire in 2019.

Segments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block]

Segments

The Company has two segments: subscription business and other business. The subscription business segment includes monthly subscription fees related to the Company’s medical insurance which is marketed directly to consumers, while the other business segment includes all other business that is not directly marketed to consumers.

The chief operating decision maker uses two measures to evaluate segment performance: revenue and gross profit. Additionally, other operating expenses, such as sales and marketing expenses, are allocated to each segment and evaluated when material. Interest and other expenses and income taxes are not allocated to the segments, nor included in the measure of segment profit or loss. The Company does not analyze discrete segment balance sheet information related to long-term assets.

Revenue and gross profit of the Company’s segments were as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
Revenue:
Subscription business	$	263,738		$	218,354		$	173,356
Other business	40,218			24,313			14,874
	303,956			242,667			188,230
Veterinary invoice expense:
Subscription business	191,051			155,554			124,636
Other business	23,488			14,568			8,898
	214,539			170,122			133,534
Other cost of revenue:
Subscription business	24,941			21,329			16,685
Other business	13,110			8,166			4,723
	38,051			29,495			21,408
Gross profit:
Subscription business	47,746			41,471			32,035
Other business	3,620			1,579			1,253
	51,366			43,050			33,288

Technology and development	9,248			9,768			9,534
General and administrative	18,164			16,820			15,205
Sales and marketing:
Subscription business	24,622			18,886			15,029
Other business	377			218			218
	24,999			19,104			15,247
Operating loss	$	(1,045	)	$	(2,642	)	$	(6,698	)

The following table presents the Company’s revenue by geographic region of the member (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2016
United States	$	246,280	$	195,297	$	151,361
Canada	57,676		47,370		36,869
Total revenue	$	303,956	$	242,667	$	188,230

Substantially all of the Company’s long-lived assets were located in the United States as of December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Dividend Restrictions Statutory Surplus (Notes)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Insurance [Abstract]

Dividend Restrictions And Statutory Suprlus [Text Block]

Dividend Restrictions and Statutory Surplus

The Company’s business operations are conducted through subsidiaries, one of which is an insurance company domiciled in New York, American Pet Insurance Company, and one of which is a segregated cell business, Wyndham Segregated Account AX, located in Bermuda. In addition to general state law restrictions on payments of dividends and other distributions to stockholders applicable to all corporations, insurance companies are subject to further regulations that, among other things, may require such companies to maintain certain levels of equity and restrict the amount of dividends and other distributions that may be paid to their parent corporations.

New York law restricts the ability of the Company's insurance subsidiary in New York to pay dividends to its holding company parent. These restrictions are based in part on the prior year’s statutory income and surplus. In general, dividends up to specified levels are considered ordinary and may be paid without prior approval, and dividends in larger amounts, or extraordinary dividends, are subject to approval by the New York State Department of Financial Services, the subsidiary's primary regulator. An extraordinary dividend or distribution is defined as a dividend or distribution that, in the aggregate in any 12-month period, exceeds the lesser of (i) 10% of surplus as of the preceding December 31 or (ii) the insurer’s adjusted net investment income for such 12-month period, not including realized capital gains. Under regulatory requirements at December 31, 2018, the amount of dividends that may be paid by the Company’s insurance subsidiary in New York to the Company without prior approval by regulatory authorities was $0.7 million. This insurance subsidiary did not pay dividends to the Company during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016.

The Company's insurance subsidiary in Bermuda is regulated by the Bermuda Monetary Authority. Under the Bermuda Companies Act of 1981, as amended, a Bermuda company may not declare or pay a dividend or make a distribution out of contributed surplus if there are reasonable grounds for believing that: (a) the company is, or would be after the payment, unable to pay its liabilities as they become due; or (b) the realizable value of the company’s assets would thereby be less than its liabilities. The Segregated Accounts Company Act of 2000 further requires that dividends out of a segregated account can only be paid to the extent that the cell remains solvent. The value of its assets must remain greater than the aggregate of its liabilities, issued share capital, and share premium accounts. Per our contractual agreements with Wyndham Insurance Company (SAC) Limited, the allowable dividend is equivalent to the positive undistributed profit attributable to the shares. This insurance subsidiary paid the Company a dividend of $2.2 million and $2.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectfully. No dividends were paid during the year ended December 31, 2016.

The statutory net income for 2018, 2017 and 2016 and statutory capital and surplus at December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, for the Company’s insurance subsidiary in New York were as follows (in thousands):



	As of December 31,
	2018		2017		2016
Statutory net income	$	11,021	$	7,507	$	4,081
Statutory capital and surplus	56,244		37,190		30,451

As of December 31, 2018, the Company’s insurance subsidiary in New York maintained $56.2 million of statutory capital and surplus which was above the required amount of $53.4 million of statutory capital and surplus to avoid additional regulatory oversight. The increase in statutory capital and surplus as of December 31, 2018 was due to the Company having sufficient history for its average historical loss and loss adjustment expense ratio to be used in the risk-based capital calculation. In prior periods, this calculation used industry average ratios due to having less than ten years of historical data.

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had $6.7 million on deposit with various states in which it writes policies.

Income Taxes (Notes)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Loss before income taxes was as follows for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
United States	$	(1,054	)	$	(1,965	)	$	(6,906	)
Foreign	120			34			48
	$	(934	)	$	(1,931	)	$	(6,858	)

The components of income tax (benefit) expense were as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
Current:
U.S. federal & state	$	(10	)	$	183		$	25
Foreign	37			15			13
	27			198			38
Deferred:
U.S. federal & state	(32		)	(620		)	—
Foreign	(2		)	(6		)	—
	(34		)	(626		)	—
Income tax (benefit) expense	$	(7	)	$	(428	)	$	38

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”) was signed into law making significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code, including, but not limited to, a corporate tax rate decrease to 21% effective January 1, 2018. In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 ("SAB 118"), the Company recorded a $0.6 million income tax benefit in the prior year as an estimate in relation to remeasurement of its deferred tax liabilities. The Company has now finalized its analysis of the Tax Act's impact and no change to the estimated income tax benefit recorded at December 31, 2017 is required.

A reconciliation of income tax expense at the statutory federal income tax rate and income taxes as reflected in the financial statements is presented below:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2016
Federal income taxes at statutory rate	21.0	%	34.0	%	34.0	%
U.S. state income taxes	4.6		(9.5	)	(0.6	)
Equity compensation	828.5		189.1		7.7
Change in valuation allowance	(857.4	)	(229.6	)	(40.5	)
Meals and entertainment	(5.4	)	(3.0	)	(0.9	)
Other, net	(10.7	)	2.0		(0.3	)
Change in federal tax rate	—		32.1		—
Credits	20.2		7.1		—
Effective income tax rate	0.8	%	22.2	%	(0.6	)%

The principal components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
Deferred tax assets:
Deferred revenue	$	1,371		$	966
Accruals and reserves	475			606
Net operating loss carryforwards	26,566			18,211
Depreciation and amortization	346			317
Equity compensation	1,690			1,024
Credits	397			208
Other	180			270
Total deferred tax assets	31,025			21,602
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred costs	(279		)	(183		)
Intangible assets	(1,002		)	(1,002		)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(1,281		)	(1,185		)
Total deferred taxes	29,744			20,417
Less deferred tax asset valuation allowance	(30,701		)	(21,419		)
Net deferred tax liability	$	(957	)	$	(1,002	)

At December 31, 2018, the Company had federal net operating loss carryforwards of $121.1 million and federal credits of $0.4 million. Use of the carryforwards is limited based on the future income of the Company. The federal net operating loss carryforwards currently would begin to expire in 2027. Pursuant to Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code, annual use of the Company’s net operating loss carryforwards and credit carryforwards may be limited if the Company experiences an ownership change. As of December 31, 2018, the utilization of approximately $0.5 million of net operating losses are subject to limitation as a result of prior ownership changes; however, subsequent ownership changes may further affect the limitation in future years.

A valuation allowance is required to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. After consideration of all the evidence, both positive and negative, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its U.S. Federal deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 because the Company’s management has determined that it is more likely than not that these assets will not be fully realized.

The Company intends to reinvest all foreign earnings indefinitely outside of the U.S.

The Tax Act implemented a new tax on foreign subsidiary income referred to as the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”). The Company is recording GILTI on a current basis and not booking deferred taxes related to GILTI.

The Company is open to examination by the U.S. federal tax jurisdiction for the years ended December 31, 2015 through 2018. The Company is also open to examination for 2007 and forward with respect to net operating loss carryforwards generated and carried forward from those years in the United States. The Company is open to examination by the Canada Revenue Agency for the years ended December 31, 2014 through 2018 for all corporate tax matters, and open for the years ended December 31, 2011 through 2018 for transactions with non-arm’s length non-Canadian residents.

The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process of evaluating recognition and measurement criteria. The first step assesses whether the tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the taxing authority, including resolution of any appeals or litigation, on the basis of the technical merits of the position. If the tax position meets the more-likely-than-not criteria, the portion of the tax benefit greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement with the relevant tax authority is recognized in the financial statements. No significant changes in uncertain tax positions are expected in the next twelve months.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017		2016
Balance, beginning of year	$	327		$	120	$	80
Increases (decreases) to tax positions related to prior periods	(243		)	91		—
Increases to tax positions related to the current year	5			116		40
Balance, end of year	$	89		$	327	$	120

Retirement Plan (Notes)	12 Months Ended
Retirement Plan (Notes)	Dec. 31, 2018
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Compensation and Employee Benefit Plans [Text Block]	The Company has a 401(k) plan for its U.S. employees. The plan allows employees to contribute a percentage of their pretax earnings annually, subject to limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Service. The plan also allows the Company to make a matching contribution, subject to certain limitations. To date, the Company has made no contributions to the 401(k) plan.

Quarterly Financial Information (Notes)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Quarterly Financial Information [Text Block]

The following table contains quarterly financial data for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except per share data). The unaudited quarterly information has been prepared on a basis consistent with the audited consolidated financial statements and includes all adjustments that the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of the information shown. The operating results for any fiscal quarter are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for a full fiscal year or any future period and there can be no assurances that any trend reflected in such results will continue in the future.



	Three Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018			Sept. 30, 2018		Jun. 30, 2018			Mar. 31, 2018			Dec. 31, 2017			Sept. 30, 2017		Jun. 30, 2017		Mar. 31, 2017
Total revenues	$	82,640		$	78,164	$	73,392		$	69,760		$	66,545		$	63,118	$	58,275	$	54,729
Gross profit	14,205			13,744		12,353			11,064			11,737			11,807		10,351		9,155
Net (loss) income	(275		)	1,205		(377		)	(1,480		)	(838		)	406		411		(1,482		)
Net (loss) income per share:
Basic	(0.01		)	0.04		(0.01		)	(0.05		)	(0.03		)	0.01		0.01		(0.05		)
Diluted	(0.01		)	0.03		(0.01		)	(0.05		)	(0.03		)	0.01		0.01		(0.05		)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic	33,716,975			33,129,416		30,721,037			30,246,585			29,847,574			30,037,282		29,510,907		29,254,681
Diluted	33,716,975			36,385,360		30,721,037			30,246,585			29,847,574			33,113,981		32,734,624		29,254,681

Schedule 1-Parent Only Disclosures [Schedule] (Notes)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company Only Disclosure [Abstract]

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company Only Disclosure

Trupanion, Inc. Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Loss (Parent Company Only, in thousands)

	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
Expenses:
Veterinary invoice expense	$	571		$	354		$	269
Other cost of revenue	357			239			41
Technology and development	512			528			531
General and administrative	4,879			4,204			3,627
Sales and marketing	1,355			889			871
Total expenses	7,674			6,214			5,339
Operating loss	(7,674		)	(6,214		)	(5,339		)
Interest expense	1,184			529			218
Other (income) expense, net	(2,557		)	(4,101		)	23
Loss before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries	(6,301		)	(2,642		)	(5,580		)
Income tax benefit	4,042			5,302			—
Equity (loss) in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries	1,332			(4,163		)	(1,316		)
Net loss	$	(927	)	$	(1,503	)	$	(6,896	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Other comprehensive income (loss) of subsidiaries	(661		)	285			125
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(661		)	285			125
Comprehensive loss	$	(1,588	)	$	(1,218	)	$	(6,771	)

Trupanion, Inc. Condensed Balance Sheets (Parent Company Only) (In thousands, except share data)

	December 31,
	2018			2017
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,133		$	1,105
Accounts and other receivables	2,094			2,261
Prepaid expenses and other assets	661			295
Total current assets	4,888			3,661
Restricted cash	1,400			600
Property and equipment, net	568			661
Intangible assets, net	5,076			4,795
Other long-term assets	6,515			2,488
Advances to and investments in subsidiaries	125,475			47,209
Total assets	$	143,922		$	59,414
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and other current liabilities	$	885		$	654
Total current liabilities	885			654
Long-term debt	12,862			9,324
Deferred tax liabilities	1,002			1,002
Other liabilities	—			—
Total liabilities	14,749			10,980
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock: $0.00001 par value per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, 34,781,121 and 34,025,136 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018; 30,778,796 and 30,121,496 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017	—			—
Preferred stock: $0.00001 par value per share, 10,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, and 0 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017	—			—
Additional paid-in capital	219,838			134,511
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(753		)	(92		)
Accumulated deficit	(83,711		)	(82,784		)
Treasury stock, at cost: 755,985 shares at December 31, 2018 and 657,300 shares at December 31, 2017	(6,201		)	(3,201		)
Total stockholders’ equity	129,173			48,434
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	143,922		$	59,414

Trupanion, Inc. Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Parent Company Only, in thousands)

	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
Operating activities
Net loss	$	(927	)	$	(1,503	)	$	(6,896	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
(Income) loss attributable to investments in subsidiaries	(1,332		)	4,163			1,316
Depreciation and amortization	436			697			251
Stock-based compensation expense	4,775			3,419			2,946
Gain on sale of equity method investment	—			(1,036		)	—
Other, net	108			(380		)	58
Changes in operating assets and liabilities	(97		)	743			1,742
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	2,963			6,103			(583		)
Investing activities
Proceeds from sale of equity method investment	—			1,402			—
Purchases of property and equipment	(164		)	(135		)	1
Advances to and investments in subsidiaries	(67,884		)	(12,168		)	(9,333		)
Other investments	(4,237		)	(2,668		)	—
Net cash used in investing activities	(72,285		)	(13,570		)	(9,332		)
Financing activities
Proceeds from public offering of common stock, net of offering costs	65,671			—			—
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	3,601			2,545			3,745
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards	(1,839		)	(1,170		)	(662		)
Proceeds from debt financing, net of financing fees	13,430			4,400			4,988
Repayments of debt financing	(10,000		)	—			—
Other financing	287			(604		)	(195		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	71,150			5,170			7,876
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, net	—			—			—
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	1,828			(2,297		)	(2,039		)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	1,705			4,001			6,040
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	3,533		$	1,705		$	4,001
Supplemental disclosures
Interest paid	1,007			333			153
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Property and equipment acquired under capital lease	—			471			—
Cashless exercise of common stock warrants	3,000			—			600
Issuance of common stock for acquisition of corporate real estate	9,640			—			—

1. Organization and Presentation

The accompanying condensed financial statements present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for Trupanion, Inc. These condensed unconsolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of Trupanion, Inc. and its subsidiaries and the notes thereto (the Consolidated Financial Statements). Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Trupanion, Inc. received cash dividends from a subsidiary of $2.2 million and $2.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. These cash dividends were recorded within Trupanion, Inc.'s other income and were eliminated within the consolidated financial statements of Trupanion, Inc.

Additional information about Trupanion, Inc.’s accounting policies pertaining to intangible assets, commitments and contingencies, debt financing, stock-based compensation, stockholders’ equity, and income taxes are set forth in Notes 4, 8, 10, 11, 13, and 16, respectively, to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for condensed financial information, including the financial position, cash flows, and the results of operations of the registrant (parent company) as of the same dates or for the same periods for which audited consolidated financial statements are being presented. Alternatively, the details of this disclosure can be reported by the specific parent company taxonomy elements, indicating the appropriate date and period contexts in an instance document.

+ References + Details

Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Business Combinations Policy [Policy Text Block]

Acquisition of Real Estate

The Company’s real estate acquisition was determined to be an asset acquisition, with the purchase price allocated based on relative fair value of the assets acquired. Additionally, acquisition-related expenses were capitalized as part of the purchase price.

The Company assessed fair value on the date of the acquisition based on Level 3 inputs within the fair value framework, which included estimated cash flow projections that utilized appropriate discount rates, capitalization rates, renewal probability and available market information, which included market rental rates and market rent growth rates. Estimates of future cash flows were based on a number of factors including historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and market and economic conditions.

The fair value of tangible assets of the acquired property considers the value of the property as if it were vacant. The fair value of acquired “above- and below-” market leases was based on the estimated cash flow projections utilizing discount rates that reflected the risks associated with the leases acquired. The amount recorded was based on the present value of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease and (ii) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for each in-place lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease for above-market leases and the initial term plus the extended term for any leases with below-market renewal options. Other intangible assets acquired included amounts for in-place lease values that were based on the Company’s evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant’s lease. Factors considered include estimates of carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods, market conditions and costs to execute similar leases. In estimating carrying costs, the Company included estimates of lost rents at market rates during the hypothetical expected lease-up periods, which were dependent on local market conditions. In estimating costs to execute similar leases, the Company considered leasing commissions, legal and other related costs.

The results of operations related to our ownership of the building are included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations from the date of acquisition.

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Including Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Asset ImpairmentLong-lived assets, including property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Should an impairment exist, the impairment loss would be measured as the amount the asset's carrying value exceeds its fair value. The Company has recognized no impairment loss on long-lived assets for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016.

Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

Description of Business

Trupanion, Inc. (collectively with its wholly-owned subsidiaries, the Company) provides medical insurance for cats and dogs throughout the United States, Canada and Puerto Rico. The Company believes its data-driven, vertically-integrated approach makes its subscription the highest value for pet owners, with pricing specific to each pet’s unique characteristics. The Company strives to operate the business similar to other subscription-based businesses, with a focus on maximizing the lifetime value of each pet while sustaining a favorable ratio of lifetime value relative to pet acquisition cost, based on the Company's desired return on investment.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates [Policy Text Block]

Use of EstimatesThe preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from such estimates.

Reclassification, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At times, cash on deposit may be in excess of the applicable federal deposit insurance corporation limits.

The Company considers any cash account that is contractually restricted to withdrawal or use to be restricted cash. The Company is party to a financing agreement requiring a restricted cash balance. As of December 31, 2018, the Company was in compliance with all requirements.

Trade and Other Accounts Receivable, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Accounts and Other ReceivablesReceivables are comprised of trade receivables and other miscellaneous receivables. Accounts and other receivables are carried at their estimated collectible amounts.

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Deferred Acquisition CostsThe Company incurs certain costs, including premium taxes, fees and enrollment-based bonuses, and referral fees that directly relate to the successful acquisition of new or renewal customer contracts. These costs are deferred and are included in prepaid expenses and other assets on the consolidated balance sheet and amortized over the related policy term to the applicable financial statement line item, either sales and marketing expense or other cost of revenue.

Investment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Investments

The Company invests in investment grade fixed income securities of varying maturities. Long-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Short-term investments are classified as held-to-maturity and reported at amortized cost. Premiums or discounts on fixed income securities are amortized or accreted over the life of the security and included in interest income. There have been no realized gains and losses on sales of fixed income securities.

The Company evaluates whether declines in the fair value of its investments below book value are other-than-temporary. This evaluation includes the Company's ability and intent to hold the security until an expected recovery occurs, the severity and duration of the unrealized loss, as well as all available information relevant to the collectability of the security, including past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts, when developing estimates of cash flows expected to be collected.

Fair Value Measurement, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company is required to disclose information on all assets and liabilities reported at fair value that enables an assessment of the inputs used in determining the reported fair values. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes valuation inputs based on the observable nature of those inputs. The fair value hierarchy applies only to the valuation inputs used in determining the reported fair value of the investments and is not a measure of the investment credit quality. The hierarchy defines three levels of valuation inputs:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability

The Company's financial instruments, in addition to those presented in Note 7, Fair Value, include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities. The carrying amounts of accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment primarily consists of building, land and land improvements, office equipment, internally-developed software related to the Company’s website, and internal support systems, capitalized during the application development stage of the project. Property and equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the respective asset:



Land	Not depreciable
Land improvements	10 years
Building	39 years
Software	3 to 5 years
Office equipment	3 to 5 years

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Intangible Assets

Acquired finite-lived intangibles are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized. The Company reviews these assets for impairment at least annually or if indicators of potential impairment exist.

Liability Reserve Estimate, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Reserve for Veterinary Invoices

Reserve for veterinary invoices is an estimate of the future amount the Company will pay for veterinary invoices that are dated as of, or prior to, its balance sheet date. The reserve also includes the Company's estimate of related internal processing costs. To determine the accrual, the Company makes assumptions based on its historical experience, including the number of veterinary invoices it expects to receive, the average cost of those veterinary invoices, the length of time between the date of the veterinary invoice and the date the Company receives it, the member's chosen deductible, and the Company's expected cost to process and administer the payments.

Deferred Revenue, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Deferred Revenue Deferred revenue consists of subscription fees received or billed in advance of the subscription services within the Company's subscription business, and the unexpired term of premiums related to the Company's unaffiliated general agents within the other business segment.

Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Revenue RecognitionThe Company generates revenue primarily from subscription fees and through underwriting policies for unaffiliated general agents. Revenue is recognized pro-rata over the terms of the customer contracts.

Cost of Sales, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Veterinary Invoice ExpenseVeterinary invoice expense includes the Company’s costs to review veterinary invoices, administer the payments, and provide member services, and other operating expenses directly or indirectly related to this process. The Company also accrues for veterinary invoices that have been incurred but not yet received. This also includes amounts paid by unaffiliated general agents, and an estimate of amounts incurred and not yet paid for the other business segment.

Other Costs of Revenue, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Other Cost of RevenueOther cost of revenue for the subscription business segment includes direct and indirect member service expenses, Territory Partner renewal fees, credit card transaction fees and premium tax expenses. Other cost of revenue for the other business segment includes the commissions the Company pays to unaffiliated general agents, costs to administer the programs in the other business segment and premium taxes on the sales in this segment.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses, Policy [Policy Text Block]

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel costs and related expenses for the Company’s finance, actuarial, human resources, legal, regulatory, and general management functions, as well as facilities and professional services.

Sales and Marketing

Sales and marketing expenses consist of costs to educate veterinarians and consumers about the benefits of Trupanion, to generate leads, and to convert leads to enrolled pets, as well as print, online and promotional advertising costs, and employee compensation and related costs.

Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Technology and DevelopmentTechnology and development expenses primarily consist of personnel costs and related expenses for the Company's technology staff, which includes information technology development and infrastructure support and third-party services, as well as depreciation of hardware and capitalized software.

Advertising Costs, Policy [Policy Text Block]

AdvertisingAdvertising costs are expensed as incurred, with the exception of television advertisements, which are expensed the first time each advertisement is aired. Advertising costs amounted to $6.3 million, $4.9 million and $4.0 million, in the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block]

Stock-Based Compensation

Compensation expense related to stock-based transactions, including employee and non-employee stock option awards, restricted stock awards, and restricted stock units, is measured and recognized in the financial statements based on fair value. The fair value of restricted stock awards and restricted stock units is the common stock price as of the measurement date. The fair value of stock options is estimated on the measurement date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model that requires management to apply judgment and make estimates, including:


•	Expected volatility —The Company estimates the expected volatility based on the historical volatility of a representative group of publicly traded companies with similar characteristics to the Company, and its own historical volatility;


•	Expected term for awards granted to employees —The Company has based its expected term for awards issued to employees on the simplified method, as permitted by the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110, Share-Based Payment, as the Company has insufficient historical information regarding its stock options to provide a basis for an estimate;


•	Risk-free interest rate—The risk-free interest rate is based on the yields of U.S. Treasury securities with maturities similar to the expected term of the options; and


•	Expected dividend yield—The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends and does not presently plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Consequently, the Company uses an expected dividend yield of zero.

Stock-based compensation expense for stock options, restricted stock awards, and restricted stock units is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. The Company recognizes forfeitures when they occur.

Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes

The Company uses the asset and liability approach for accounting and reporting income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities, and their respective tax bases, operating loss, and tax credit carryforwards.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of a tax rate change is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances are provided for when it is considered more likely than not that deferred tax assets will not be realized.

The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than a 50% likelihood of being realized. Penalties and interest are classified as a component of income taxes.

Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block]

Foreign Currency TranslationThe Company’s consolidated financial statements are reported in U.S. dollars. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies were translated to U.S. dollars, the reporting currency, at the exchange rates in effect on the balance sheet date. Revenue and expenses denominated in foreign currencies were translated to U.S. dollars using a weighted-average rate for the relevant reporting period. Cumulative translation adjustments of $0.7 million, $0.1 million, and $0.4 million were recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

Reinsurance Accounting Policy [Policy Text Block]

Insurance Operations

Effective January 1, 2015, the Company formed a segregated account in Bermuda as part of Wyndham Insurance Company (SAC) Limited (WICL), and entered into a revised fronting and reinsurance arrangement with Omega General Insurance Company (Omega) to include its newly formed segregated account. The Company maintains all risk with the business written in Canada and consolidates the entity in its financial statements. Dividends are allowed subject to the Segregated Accounts Company Act of 2000, which allows for dividends only to the extent that the entity remains solvent and the value of its assets remain greater than the aggregate of its liabilities and its issued share capital and share premium accounts.

For the Company’s Canadian business, all plans are written by Omega and the risk is assumed by the Company through a fronting and reinsurance agreement. Premiums are recognized and earned pro rata over the terms of the related customer contracts. Revenue recognized from the agreement in 2018, 2017, and 2016 was $57.4 million, $47.1 million and $36.5 million, respectively, and deferred revenue relating to this arrangement at December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $2.1 million and $1.8 million, respectively. Reinsurance revenue was 19% of total revenue in 2018, 2017, and 2016. Cash designated for the purpose of paying claims related to this reinsurance agreement was $3.9 million and $2.8 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. In addition, as required by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial institutions regulations related to the Company’s reinsurance agreement with Omega, the Company is required to fund a Canadian Trust account with the greater of CAD $2.0 million or 115% of unearned Canadian premium plus 15% of outstanding Canadian claims, including all incurred but not reported claims. As of December 31, 2018, the account balance was CAD $3.5 million and the Company was in compliance with all requirements.

The Company has not transferred any risk to third-party reinsurers.

Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and investments. The Company manages its risk by investing cash equivalents and investment securities in money market instruments and securities of the U.S. government, U.S. government agencies and high-credit-quality issuers of debt securities.

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an Accounting Standards Update (ASU) amending the lease presentation guidance. The ASU requires organizations that lease assets to recognize the rights and obligations created by those leases on the consolidated balance sheets. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted. The Company will adopt this guidance as of January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method, and will elect all applicable practical expedients upon the adoption. Based on the lease portfolio as of December 31, 2018, the Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued an ASU amending the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. The ASU requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. This replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact the adoption of this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued an ASU that eliminates certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements, requires new disclosures regarding significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and modifies certain existing disclosure requirements for Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.

Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

1. Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business

Trupanion, Inc. (collectively with its wholly-owned subsidiaries, the Company) provides medical insurance for cats and dogs throughout the United States, Canada and Puerto Rico. The Company believes its data-driven, vertically-integrated approach makes its subscription the highest value for pet owners, with pricing specific to each pet’s unique characteristics. The Company strives to operate the business similar to other subscription-based businesses, with a focus on maximizing the lifetime value of each pet while sustaining a favorable ratio of lifetime value relative to pet acquisition cost, based on the Company's desired return on investment.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from such estimates.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At times, cash on deposit may be in excess of the applicable federal deposit insurance corporation limits.

The Company considers any cash account that is contractually restricted to withdrawal or use to be restricted cash. The Company is party to a financing agreement requiring a restricted cash balance. As of December 31, 2018, the Company was in compliance with all requirements.

Accounts and Other Receivables

Receivables are comprised of trade receivables and other miscellaneous receivables. Accounts and other receivables are carried at their estimated collectible amounts.

Deferred Acquisition Costs

The Company incurs certain costs, including premium taxes, fees and enrollment-based bonuses, and referral fees that directly relate to the successful acquisition of new or renewal customer contracts. These costs are deferred and are included in prepaid expenses and other assets on the consolidated balance sheet and amortized over the related policy term to the applicable financial statement line item, either sales and marketing expense or other cost of revenue. Deferred acquisition costs as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were $1.3 million and $1.0 million, respectively. Amortized deferred acquisition costs classified within sales and marketing amounted to $2.1 million, $1.7 million, and $1.4 million and amortized deferred acquisition costs classified within other cost of revenue amounted to $15.9 million, $13.2 million, and $10.7 million, as of December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

Investments

The Company invests in investment grade fixed income securities of varying maturities. Long-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Short-term investments are classified as held-to-maturity and reported at amortized cost. Premiums or discounts on fixed income securities are amortized or accreted over the life of the security and included in interest income. There have been no realized gains and losses on sales of fixed income securities.

The Company evaluates whether declines in the fair value of its investments below book value are other-than-temporary. This evaluation includes the Company's ability and intent to hold the security until an expected recovery occurs, the severity and duration of the unrealized loss, as well as all available information relevant to the collectability of the security, including past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts, when developing estimates of cash flows expected to be collected.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company is required to disclose information on all assets and liabilities reported at fair value that enables an assessment of the inputs used in determining the reported fair values. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes valuation inputs based on the observable nature of those inputs. The fair value hierarchy applies only to the valuation inputs used in determining the reported fair value of the investments and is not a measure of the investment credit quality. The hierarchy defines three levels of valuation inputs:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability

The Company's financial instruments, in addition to those presented in Note 7, Fair Value, include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities. The carrying amounts of accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment primarily consists of building, land and land improvements, office equipment, internally-developed software related to the Company’s website, and internal support systems, capitalized during the application development stage of the project. Property and equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the respective asset:



Land	Not depreciable
Land improvements	10 years
Building	39 years
Software	3 to 5 years
Office equipment	3 to 5 years

Intangible Assets

Acquired finite-lived intangibles are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized. The Company reviews these assets for impairment at least annually or if indicators of potential impairment exist.

Asset Impairment

Long-lived assets, including property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Should an impairment exist, the impairment loss would be measured as the amount the asset's carrying value exceeds its fair value. The Company has recognized no impairment loss on long-lived assets for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016.

Reserve for Veterinary Invoices

Reserve for veterinary invoices is an estimate of the future amount the Company will pay for veterinary invoices that are dated as of, or prior to, its balance sheet date. The reserve also includes the Company's estimate of related internal processing costs. To determine the accrual, the Company makes assumptions based on its historical experience, including the number of veterinary invoices it expects to receive, the average cost of those veterinary invoices, the length of time between the date of the veterinary invoice and the date the Company receives it, the member's chosen deductible, and the Company's expected cost to process and administer the payments.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of subscription fees received or billed in advance of the subscription services within the Company's subscription business, and the unexpired term of premiums related to the Company's unaffiliated general agents within the other business segment.

Revenue Recognition

The Company generates revenue primarily from subscription fees and through underwriting policies for unaffiliated general agents. Revenue is recognized pro-rata over the terms of the customer contracts.

Veterinary Invoice Expense

Veterinary invoice expense includes the Company’s costs to review veterinary invoices, administer the payments, and provide member services, and other operating expenses directly or indirectly related to this process. The Company also accrues for veterinary invoices that have been incurred but not yet received. This also includes amounts paid by unaffiliated general agents, and an estimate of amounts incurred and not yet paid for the other business segment.

Other Cost of Revenue

Other cost of revenue for the subscription business segment includes direct and indirect member service expenses, Territory Partner renewal fees, credit card transaction fees and premium tax expenses. Other cost of revenue for the other business segment includes the commissions the Company pays to unaffiliated general agents, costs to administer the programs in the other business segment and premium taxes on the sales in this segment.

Technology and Development

Technology and development expenses primarily consist of personnel costs and related expenses for the Company's technology staff, which includes information technology development and infrastructure support and third-party services, as well as depreciation of hardware and capitalized software.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel costs and related expenses for the Company’s finance, actuarial, human resources, legal, regulatory, and general management functions, as well as facilities and professional services.

Sales and Marketing

Sales and marketing expenses consist of costs to educate veterinarians and consumers about the benefits of Trupanion, to generate leads, and to convert leads to enrolled pets, as well as print, online and promotional advertising costs, and employee compensation and related costs.

Other (Income) Expense, Net

Other income was $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. Interest income of $0.9 million, $0.2 million, and $0.1 million was recorded in other income for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. Other income in the year ended December 31, 2017 included a gain of $1.0 million from the sale of the Company's equity method investment.

Advertising

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred, with the exception of television advertisements, which are expensed the first time each advertisement is aired. Advertising costs amounted to $6.3 million, $4.9 million and $4.0 million, in the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

Compensation expense related to stock-based transactions, including employee and non-employee stock option awards, restricted stock awards, and restricted stock units, is measured and recognized in the financial statements based on fair value. The fair value of restricted stock awards and restricted stock units is the common stock price as of the measurement date. The fair value of stock options is estimated on the measurement date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model that requires management to apply judgment and make estimates, including:


•	Expected volatility —The Company estimates the expected volatility based on the historical volatility of a representative group of publicly traded companies with similar characteristics to the Company, and its own historical volatility;


•	Expected term for awards granted to employees —The Company has based its expected term for awards issued to employees on the simplified method, as permitted by the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110, Share-Based Payment, as the Company has insufficient historical information regarding its stock options to provide a basis for an estimate;


•	Risk-free interest rate—The risk-free interest rate is based on the yields of U.S. Treasury securities with maturities similar to the expected term of the options; and


•	Expected dividend yield—The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends and does not presently plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Consequently, the Company uses an expected dividend yield of zero.

Stock-based compensation expense for stock options, restricted stock awards, and restricted stock units is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. The Company recognizes forfeitures when they occur.

Income Taxes

The Company uses the asset and liability approach for accounting and reporting income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities, and their respective tax bases, operating loss, and tax credit carryforwards.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of a tax rate change is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances are provided for when it is considered more likely than not that deferred tax assets will not be realized.

The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than a 50% likelihood of being realized. Penalties and interest are classified as a component of income taxes.

Foreign Currency Translation

The Company’s consolidated financial statements are reported in U.S. dollars. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies were translated to U.S. dollars, the reporting currency, at the exchange rates in effect on the balance sheet date. Revenue and expenses denominated in foreign currencies were translated to U.S. dollars using a weighted-average rate for the relevant reporting period. Cumulative translation adjustments of $0.7 million, $0.1 million, and $0.4 million were recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

Insurance Operations

Effective January 1, 2015, the Company formed a segregated account in Bermuda as part of Wyndham Insurance Company (SAC) Limited (WICL), and entered into a revised fronting and reinsurance arrangement with Omega General Insurance Company (Omega) to include its newly formed segregated account. The Company maintains all risk with the business written in Canada and consolidates the entity in its financial statements. Dividends are allowed subject to the Segregated Accounts Company Act of 2000, which allows for dividends only to the extent that the entity remains solvent and the value of its assets remain greater than the aggregate of its liabilities and its issued share capital and share premium accounts.

For the Company’s Canadian business, all plans are written by Omega and the risk is assumed by the Company through a fronting and reinsurance agreement. Premiums are recognized and earned pro rata over the terms of the related customer contracts. Revenue recognized from the agreement in 2018, 2017, and 2016 was $57.4 million, $47.1 million and $36.5 million, respectively, and deferred revenue relating to this arrangement at December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $2.1 million and $1.8 million, respectively. Reinsurance revenue was 19% of total revenue in 2018, 2017, and 2016. Cash designated for the purpose of paying claims related to this reinsurance agreement was $3.9 million and $2.8 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. In addition, as required by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial institutions regulations related to the Company’s reinsurance agreement with Omega, the Company is required to fund a Canadian Trust account with the greater of CAD $2.0 million or 115% of unearned Canadian premium plus 15% of outstanding Canadian claims, including all incurred but not reported claims. As of December 31, 2018, the account balance was CAD $3.5 million and the Company was in compliance with all requirements.

The Company has not transferred any risk to third-party reinsurers.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and investments. The Company manages its risk by investing cash equivalents and investment securities in money market instruments and securities of the U.S. government, U.S. government agencies and high-credit-quality issuers of debt securities.

Follow-on Common Stock Offerings

In June 2018, the Company completed a follow-on public offering (the June 2018 follow-on public offering) whereby the Company sold 2,090,909 shares of common stock at a price to the public of $33.00 per share. The Company received aggregate net proceeds from the June 2018 follow-on public offering of $65.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by the Company. The proceeds were primarily used to purchase real estate consisting of properties in use as the Company's home office. In addition, in August 2018, the Company issued 303,030 shares of common stock via a private placement to an accredited investor as a portion of the purchase price of the real estate. See Note 12, Real Estate.

Acquisition of Real Estate

The Company’s real estate acquisition was determined to be an asset acquisition, with the purchase price allocated based on relative fair value of the assets acquired. Additionally, acquisition-related expenses were capitalized as part of the purchase price.

The Company assessed fair value on the date of the acquisition based on Level 3 inputs within the fair value framework, which included estimated cash flow projections that utilized appropriate discount rates, capitalization rates, renewal probability and available market information, which included market rental rates and market rent growth rates. Estimates of future cash flows were based on a number of factors including historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and market and economic conditions.

The fair value of tangible assets of the acquired property considers the value of the property as if it were vacant. The fair value of acquired “above- and below-” market leases was based on the estimated cash flow projections utilizing discount rates that reflected the risks associated with the leases acquired. The amount recorded was based on the present value of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease and (ii) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for each in-place lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease for above-market leases and the initial term plus the extended term for any leases with below-market renewal options. Other intangible assets acquired included amounts for in-place lease values that were based on the Company’s evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant’s lease. Factors considered include estimates of carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods, market conditions and costs to execute similar leases. In estimating carrying costs, the Company included estimates of lost rents at market rates during the hypothetical expected lease-up periods, which were dependent on local market conditions. In estimating costs to execute similar leases, the Company considered leasing commissions, legal and other related costs.

The results of operations related to our ownership of the building are included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations from the date of acquisition.

Rental Income

The Company leases a portion of its building to third parties and records related rental income within general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company recorded rental income of $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.

The following table summarizes the Company's future rental payments to be received from non-cancellable leases in place as of December 31, 2018 (in thousands):



Year ending December 31:
2019	$	2,129
2020	1,224
2021	1,210
2022	1,173
2023	1,210
Thereafter	3,238
Total rental payments	$	10,184

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an Accounting Standards Update (ASU) amending the lease presentation guidance. The ASU requires organizations that lease assets to recognize the rights and obligations created by those leases on the consolidated balance sheets. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted. The Company will adopt this guidance as of January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method, and will elect all applicable practical expedients upon the adoption. Based on the lease portfolio as of December 31, 2018, the Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued an ASU amending the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. The ASU requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. This replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact the adoption of this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued an ASU that eliminates certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements, requires new disclosures regarding significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and modifies certain existing disclosure requirements for Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.

Schedule of Future Minimum Rental Payments for Operating Leases [Table Text Block]

Rental Income

The Company leases a portion of its building to third parties and records related rental income within general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company recorded rental income of $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.

The following table summarizes the Company's future rental payments to be received from non-cancellable leases in place as of December 31, 2018 (in thousands):



Year ending December 31:
2019	$	2,129
2020	1,224
2021	1,210
2022	1,173
2023	1,210
Thereafter	3,238
Total rental payments	$	10,184

The following summarizes the Company's contractual commitments as of December 31, 2018 (in thousands):



	Year Ending December 31,
	2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		Thereafter		Total
Long-term debt obligations⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	—	$	13,000	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	13,000
Capital and operating leases	148		24		24		6		—		—		202
Other obligations⁽²⁾	2,886		325		185		168		168		2,464		6,196
Total	$	3,034	$	349	$	13,209	$	174	$	168	$	2,464	$	19,398

Follow-on Public Offering, June 2018 [Table Text Block]

Follow-on Common Stock OfferingsIn June 2018, the Company completed a follow-on public offering (the June 2018 follow-on public offering) whereby the Company sold 2,090,909 shares of common stock at a price to the public of $33.00 per share. The Company received aggregate net proceeds from the June 2018 follow-on public offering of $65.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by the Company. The proceeds were primarily used to purchase real estate consisting of properties in use as the Company's home office. In addition, in August 2018, the Company issued 303,030 shares of common stock via a private placement to an accredited investor as a portion of the purchase price of the real estate. See Note 12, Real Estate.

Other Investments details (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Other Investments details (Policies)	Dec. 31, 2018
Other Investments [Abstract]
Variable Interest Entity Disclosure [Text Block]	Investment in Variable Interest EntityIn July 2018, the Company purchased $3.0 million in preferred stock of a privately held corporation with a complementary business line. The Company does not have power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the variable interest entity and is, therefore, not the primary beneficiary. The Company's investment in preferred stock is accounted for as an available-for-sale debt security. Through January 2020, the Company has agreed to purchase an additional $4.0 million in preferred stock of the variable interest entity, contingent upon the exercise of this option by the variable interest entity. The Company has the option to purchase the variable interest entity on the fifth anniversary of the initial preferred stock purchase. Additionally, the Company has extended a $2.5 million revolving line of credit to the variable interest entity. The Company's investment and amounts loaned under the line of credit are recorded in other long-term assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures Disclosure [Text Block]	Investment in Joint VentureIn September 2018, the Company acquired a non-controlling equity interest in a joint venture, whereby it has committed to licensing certain intellectual property and contributing up to $2.2 million AUD upon the achievement of specific operational milestones over a period of at least four years from the agreement execution date. As of December 31, 2018, the Company has contributed $0.3 million AUD.

Net Loss per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Table Text Block]

The following potentially dilutive equity securities were not included in the diluted earnings per common share calculation because they would have had an antidilutive effect:



	As of December 31,
	2018	2017	2016
Stock options	2,621,503	4,006,399	4,123,023
Restricted stock awards and restricted stock units	451,160	256,842	352,996
Warrants	480,000	810,000	810,000

Property Plant and Equipment (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):



	December 31,
	2018			2017
Land and improvements	$	15,833		$	—
Building and improvements	46,561			—
Software	20,338			17,221
Office equipment and other	2,772			3,022
Property and equipment, at cost	85,504			20,243
Less: Accumulated depreciation	(15,701		)	(12,375		)
Property and equipment, net	$	69,803		$	7,868

Investment Securities Available-for-Sale (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Investment [Table Text Block]

The amortized cost, gross unrealized holding gains and losses, and fair value of long-term and short-term investments by major security type and class of security were as follows as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):



	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Holding Gains		Gross Unrealized Holding Losses			Fair Value
As of December 31, 2018
Long-term investments:
Foreign deposits	$	2,573	$	—	$	—		$	2,573
Municipal bond	1,000		—		(19		)	981
	$	3,573	$	—	$	(19	)	$	3,554
Short-term investments:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	6,645	$	—	$	(3	)	$	6,642
Certificates of deposit	437		—		—			437
U.S. government funds	47,477		—		—			47,477
	$	54,559	$	—	$	(3	)	$	54,556

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Holding Gains		Gross Unrealized Holding Losses			Fair Value
As of December 31, 2017
Long-term investments:
Foreign deposits	$	2,237	$	—	$	—		$	2,237
Municipal bond	1,000		—		—			1,000
	$	3,237	$	—	$	—		$	3,237
Short-term investments:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	5,783	$	—	$	(4	)	$	5,779
Certificates of deposit	690		1		—			691
U.S. government funds	31,117		—		—			31,117
	$	37,590	$	1	$	(4	)	$	37,587

Available-for-sale Securities [Table Text Block]

Maturities of debt securities classified as available-for-sale were as follows (in thousands):



	December 31, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Available-for-sale:
Due after one year through five years	3,573		3,554
	$	3,573	$	3,554

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of available-for-sale securities which includes, but is not limited to, changes in the cost basis and fair value, fair value and gross unrealized gain (loss), fair values by type of security, contractual maturity and classification, amortized cost basis, contracts to acquire securities to be accounted for as available-for-sale, debt maturities, transfers to trading, change in net unrealized holding gain (loss) net of tax, continuous unrealized loss position fair value, aggregate losses qualitative disclosures, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses or other disclosures related to available for sale securities.

+ References + Details

Fair Value (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair value, asset & liabilities measured on recurring basis [Table Text Block]

The following table summarizes, by major security type, the Company's assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and placement within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):



	As of December 31, 2018
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Restricted cash	$	1,400	$	1,400	$	—	$	—
Money market funds	2,010		2,010		—		—
Fixed maturities:
Foreign deposits	2,573		2,573		—		—
Municipal bond	981		—		981		—
Investment in variable interest entity	3,000		—		—		3,000
Total	$	9,964	$	5,983	$	981	$	3,000

	As of December 31, 2017
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Restricted cash	$	600	$	600	$	—	$	—
Money market funds	5,167		5,167		—		—
Fixed maturities:
Foreign deposits	2,237		2,237		—		—
Municipal bond	1,000		—		1,000		—
Total	$	9,004	$	8,004	$	1,000	$	—

Commitment and Contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Future Minimum Rental Payments for Operating Leases [Table Text Block]

Rental Income

The Company leases a portion of its building to third parties and records related rental income within general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company recorded rental income of $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.

The following table summarizes the Company's future rental payments to be received from non-cancellable leases in place as of December 31, 2018 (in thousands):



Year ending December 31:
2019	$	2,129
2020	1,224
2021	1,210
2022	1,173
2023	1,210
Thereafter	3,238
Total rental payments	$	10,184

The following summarizes the Company's contractual commitments as of December 31, 2018 (in thousands):



	Year Ending December 31,
	2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		Thereafter		Total
Long-term debt obligations⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	—	$	13,000	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	13,000
Capital and operating leases	148		24		24		6		—		—		202
Other obligations⁽²⁾	2,886		325		185		168		168		2,464		6,196
Total	$	3,034	$	349	$	13,209	$	174	$	168	$	2,464	$	19,398

Claims Reserve (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Claims Paid [Abstract]

Schedule of Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Table Text Block]

Summarized below are the changes in the total liability for the Company's subscription business segment (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
Subscription	2018		2017			2016
Reserve at beginning of year	$	11,059	$	8,538		$	5,384
Veterinary invoice expense during the period related to:
Current year	190,642		155,623			123,823
Prior years	409		(69		)	813
Total veterinary invoice expense	191,051		155,554			124,636
Amounts paid during the period related to:
Current year	177,418		144,802			115,314
Prior years	10,130		7,777			5,832
Total paid	187,548		152,579			121,146
Non-cash expenses	687		454			336
Reserve at end of period	$	13,875	$	11,059		$	8,538

The Company's reserve for the subscription business segment increased $2.8 million from $11.1 million at December 31, 2017 to $13.9 million at December 31, 2018. This change was comprised of $191.1 million in expense recorded during the period less $187.5 million in payments of veterinary invoices. This $191.1 million in veterinary invoice expense incurred included an increase of $0.4 million to the reserves relating to prior years, which was the result of ongoing analysis of recent payment trends. The Company's adjustments to prior year reserves were a reduction of $0.1 million and an increase of $0.8 million as a result of analysis of payment trends in the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Summarized below are the changes in total liability for the Company's other business segment (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
Other Business	2018			2017			2016
Reserve at beginning of year	$	1,697		$	983		$	890
Veterinary invoice expense during the period related to:
Current year	23,784			14,739			9,027
Prior years	(296		)	(171		)	(129		)
Total veterinary invoice expense	23,488			14,568			8,898
Amounts paid during the period related to:
Current year	21,615			13,053			8,048
Prior years	1,383			801			757
Total paid	22,998			13,854			8,805
Non-cash expenses	—			—			—
Reserve at end of period	$	2,187		$	1,697		$	983

The Company’s reserve for the other business segment increased $0.5 million from $1.7 million at December 31, 2017 to $2.2 million at December 31, 2018. This change was comprised of $23.5 million in expense recorded during the period less $23.0 million in payments of veterinary invoices. This $23.5 million in veterinary invoice expense incurred included a reduction of $0.3 million to the reserves relating to prior years, which was the result of ongoing analysis of recent payment trends. The Company's adjustments to decrease prior year reserves were $0.2 million and $0.1 million as a result of analysis of payment trends in each of the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Claims Development [Table Text Block]

The following table summarizes the development of veterinary invoice expense, on a constant currency basis, for the Company's subscription business segment by year of occurrence (in thousands, except for cumulative number of veterinary invoices data):



	Cumulative veterinary invoice expenses								Reserve		Cumulative number of veterinary invoices
	Cumulative veterinary invoice expenses								Reserve		Cumulative number of veterinary invoices
	As of December 31,								As of December 31,
Subscription	2015		2016		2017		2018		2018		2018
Year of Occurrence	(unaudited)		(unaudited)		(unaudited)
2015	$	94,138	$	94,691	$	94,749	$	94,797	$	72	479,172
2016			$	123,202	$	122,990	$	123,072	$	271	595,563
2017					$	154,209	$	154,497	$	995	715,375
2018							$	188,825	$	12,537	800,074
							$	561,191	$	13,875

The following table summarizes the development of veterinary invoice expense, on a constant currency basis, for the Company's other business segment by year of occurrence (in thousands, except for cumulative number of veterinary invoices data):



	Cumulative veterinary invoice expenses								Reserve		Cumulative number of veterinary invoices
	Cumulative veterinary invoice expenses								Reserve		Cumulative number of veterinary invoices
	As of December 31,								As of December 31,
Other Business	2015		2016		2017		2018		2018		2018
Year of Occurrence	(unaudited)		(unaudited)		(unaudited)
2015	$	7,973	$	7,845	$	7,849	$	7,857	$	2	46,950
2016			$	9,027	$	8,842	$	8,855	$	4	59,493
2017					$	14,735	$	14,417	$	12	105,171
2018							$	23,775	$	2,169	160,393
							$	54,904	$	2,187

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Table Text Block]

The following table summarizes the amounts paid for veterinary invoices, inclusive of related internal processing costs and reported on a constant currency basis, for the subscription segment (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
Subscription	2015		2016		2017		2018
Year of Occurrence	(unaudited)		(unaudited)		(unaudited)
2015	$	88,808	$	94,406	$	94,621	$	94,725
2016			$	115,045	$	122,461	$	122,802
2017					$	143,958	$	153,502
2018							$	176,288
							$	547,317
Total amounts unpaid and recorded as a liability							$	13,875

The following table summarizes the amounts paid for veterinary invoices, inclusive of related internal processing costs and reported on a constant currency basis, for the other business segment (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
Other Business	2015		2016		2017		2018
Year of Occurrence	(unaudited)		(unaudited)		(unaudited)
2015	$	7,085	$	7,841	$	7,849	$	7,855
2016			$	8,048	$	8,831	$	8,851
2017					$	13,050	$	14,405
2018							$	21,606
							$	52,717
Total amounts unpaid and recorded as a liability							$	2,187

Stock-based Compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Schedule of Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs

Stock-based compensation expense recognized in each category of the consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 was as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2016
Veterinary invoice expense	$	571	$	355	$	234
Other cost of revenue	356		239		41
Technology and development	209		216		246
General and administrative	2,304		1,887		1,893
Sales and marketing	1,335		722		532
Total stock-based compensation	$	4,775	$	3,419	$	2,946

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had 475,368 unvested stock options and 451,160 unvested restricted stock awards and restricted stock units. Total stock-based compensation expense of $3.1 million related to unvested stock options and $7.8 million related to unvested restricted stock awards and restricted stock units is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 1.9 years and 2.6 years, respectively.

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Table Text Block]

The weighted-average grant date fair value per share and the fair value of options vested were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016:



	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share		Fair Value of Options Vested (in thousands)
Year:
2016	$	5.64	$	4,645
2017	$	7.25	$	6,313
2018	$	—	$	2,665

Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions

Stock Options

The grant date fair value of stock option awards are estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company did not grant any stock options during the year ended December 31, 2018. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, valuation assumptions are presented in the following table:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2017	2016
Valuation assumptions:
Expected term (in years)	6.25	5.04-6.25
Expected volatility	37.1%-39.8%	37.6%-42.1%
Risk-free interest rate	1.8%-2.2%	1.1%-2.0%
Expected dividend yield	—%	—%

Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity



	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding as of January 1, 2016	4,871,949		$	3.71	$	29,644
Granted	666,664		13.37		—
Exercised	(1,119,367	)	3.35		11,980
Forfeited	(296,223	)	8.14		—
Outstanding as of December 31, 2016	4,123,023		5.06		43,185
Granted	657,339		17.74		—
Exercised	(670,823	)	3.80		10,392
Forfeited	(103,140	)	12.25		—
Outstanding as of December 31, 2017	4,006,399		7.16		88,578
Granted	—		—		—
Exercised	(1,292,037	)	2.82		36,625
Forfeited	(92,859	)	15.36		—
Outstanding as of December 31, 2018	2,621,503		9.01		43,136

Exercisable at December 31, 2018	2,146,135		$	7.46	$	38,642

As of December 31, 2018, stock options outstanding and stock options exercisable had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 5.6 years and 5.0 years, respectively.

Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units Activity

The below table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock award and restricted stock unit activity for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016:



	Number of Shares		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Unvested shares as of January 1, 2016	467,508		$	4.77
Granted	—		—
Vested	(116,877	)	4.77
Forfeited	—		—
Unvested shares as of December 31, 2016	350,631		4.77
Granted	23,659		30.19
Vested	(116,877	)	4.77
Forfeited	(571	)	30.19
Unvested shares as of December 31, 2017	256,842		4.77
Granted	375,313		28.10
Vested	(149,213	)	9.74
Forfeited	(31,782	)	28.57
Unvested shares as of December 31, 2018	451,160		$	22.16

Real Estate (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Real Estate [Abstract]

Business Combination, Consideration Transferred [Table Text Block]

In August 2018, the Company purchased real property that houses the company headquarters located at 6100 Fourth Avenue South, Seattle, Washington. The purchase price was $65.2 million, consisting of $55.0 million in cash, 303,030 shares of common stock with an estimated fair value of $9.6 million, and transaction costs totaling $0.6 million. The issued shares are subject to a lock-up period that continues to and includes June 25, 2020. The fair value of the issued shares was estimated as of the closing date for the real estate acquisition using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions:



	August 9, 2018
Assumptions	Fair Value
Risk free interest rate	2.5	%
Expected volatility	36.72	%
Expected life (years)	1.88
Expected dividend yield	—	%

Business Acquisition, Purchase Price Allocation, Buildings [Table Text Block]

The purchase price was allocated to the following assets based on estimates of their relative fair value (in thousands):



Building and improvements	$	46,379
Land and improvements	15,833
Lease-related intangible assets	2,959
Total purchase price	65,171

Segments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Revenue and Gross Profit from Segments [Table Text Block]

Revenue and gross profit of the Company’s segments were as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
Revenue:
Subscription business	$	263,738		$	218,354		$	173,356
Other business	40,218			24,313			14,874
	303,956			242,667			188,230
Veterinary invoice expense:
Subscription business	191,051			155,554			124,636
Other business	23,488			14,568			8,898
	214,539			170,122			133,534
Other cost of revenue:
Subscription business	24,941			21,329			16,685
Other business	13,110			8,166			4,723
	38,051			29,495			21,408
Gross profit:
Subscription business	47,746			41,471			32,035
Other business	3,620			1,579			1,253
	51,366			43,050			33,288

Technology and development	9,248			9,768			9,534
General and administrative	18,164			16,820			15,205
Sales and marketing:
Subscription business	24,622			18,886			15,029
Other business	377			218			218
	24,999			19,104			15,247
Operating loss	$	(1,045	)	$	(2,642	)	$	(6,698	)

Revenue from External Customers by Geographic Areas [Table Text Block]

The following table presents the Company’s revenue by geographic region of the member (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2016
United States	$	246,280	$	195,297	$	151,361
Canada	57,676		47,370		36,869
Total revenue	$	303,956	$	242,667	$	188,230

Dividend Restrictions Statutory Surplus (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Insurance [Abstract]

Statutory Accounting Practices Disclosure [Table Text Block]

The statutory net income for 2018, 2017 and 2016 and statutory capital and surplus at December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, for the Company’s insurance subsidiary in New York were as follows (in thousands):



	As of December 31,
	2018		2017		2016
Statutory net income	$	11,021	$	7,507	$	4,081
Statutory capital and surplus	56,244		37,190		30,451

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of how the entity's reporting under GAAP as of the balance sheet date differs from the results based on prescribed and permitted accounting practices of the state or country of domicile in which a relevant statutory filing is made, or differences in results based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) prescribed practices, or a combination thereof. Describes the accounting practices used and the related monetary effect on statutory surplus, net income, and risk-based capital. If an insurance enterprise's risk-based capital would have triggered a regulatory event had it not used a permitted practice, that fact is disclosed in the financial statements. Permitted statutory accounting practices include practices not prescribed but allowed by the domiciliary state insurance department regulatory authority.

+ References + Details

Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign

Loss before income taxes was as follows for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
United States	$	(1,054	)	$	(1,965	)	$	(6,906	)
Foreign	120			34			48
	$	(934	)	$	(1,931	)	$	(6,858	)

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

The components of income tax (benefit) expense were as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
Current:
U.S. federal & state	$	(10	)	$	183		$	25
Foreign	37			15			13
	27			198			38
Deferred:
U.S. federal & state	(32		)	(620		)	—
Foreign	(2		)	(6		)	—
	(34		)	(626		)	—
Income tax (benefit) expense	$	(7	)	$	(428	)	$	38

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

A reconciliation of income tax expense at the statutory federal income tax rate and income taxes as reflected in the financial statements is presented below:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2016
Federal income taxes at statutory rate	21.0	%	34.0	%	34.0	%
U.S. state income taxes	4.6		(9.5	)	(0.6	)
Equity compensation	828.5		189.1		7.7
Change in valuation allowance	(857.4	)	(229.6	)	(40.5	)
Meals and entertainment	(5.4	)	(3.0	)	(0.9	)
Other, net	(10.7	)	2.0		(0.3	)
Change in federal tax rate	—		32.1		—
Credits	20.2		7.1		—
Effective income tax rate	0.8	%	22.2	%	(0.6	)%

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The principal components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
Deferred tax assets:
Deferred revenue	$	1,371		$	966
Accruals and reserves	475			606
Net operating loss carryforwards	26,566			18,211
Depreciation and amortization	346			317
Equity compensation	1,690			1,024
Credits	397			208
Other	180			270
Total deferred tax assets	31,025			21,602
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred costs	(279		)	(183		)
Intangible assets	(1,002		)	(1,002		)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(1,281		)	(1,185		)
Total deferred taxes	29,744			20,417
Less deferred tax asset valuation allowance	(30,701		)	(21,419		)
Net deferred tax liability	$	(957	)	$	(1,002	)

Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018			2017		2016
Balance, beginning of year	$	327		$	120	$	80
Increases (decreases) to tax positions related to prior periods	(243		)	91		—
Increases to tax positions related to the current year	5			116		40
Balance, end of year	$	89		$	327	$	120

Quarterly Financial Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Quarterly Financial Information [Table Text Block]

The following table contains quarterly financial data for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except per share data). The unaudited quarterly information has been prepared on a basis consistent with the audited consolidated financial statements and includes all adjustments that the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of the information shown. The operating results for any fiscal quarter are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for a full fiscal year or any future period and there can be no assurances that any trend reflected in such results will continue in the future.



	Three Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018			Sept. 30, 2018		Jun. 30, 2018			Mar. 31, 2018			Dec. 31, 2017			Sept. 30, 2017		Jun. 30, 2017		Mar. 31, 2017
Total revenues	$	82,640		$	78,164	$	73,392		$	69,760		$	66,545		$	63,118	$	58,275	$	54,729
Gross profit	14,205			13,744		12,353			11,064			11,737			11,807		10,351		9,155
Net (loss) income	(275		)	1,205		(377		)	(1,480		)	(838		)	406		411		(1,482		)
Net (loss) income per share:
Basic	(0.01		)	0.04		(0.01		)	(0.05		)	(0.03		)	0.01		0.01		(0.05		)
Diluted	(0.01		)	0.03		(0.01		)	(0.05		)	(0.03		)	0.01		0.01		(0.05		)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic	33,716,975			33,129,416		30,721,037			30,246,585			29,847,574			30,037,282		29,510,907		29,254,681
Diluted	33,716,975			36,385,360		30,721,037			30,246,585			29,847,574			33,113,981		32,734,624		29,254,681

Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2018 CAD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018 CAD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues \| shares	2,090,909	2,090,909
Impairment, Amount, License Intangibles	$ 0		$ 0	$ 0
Realized Investment Gains (Losses)	0
Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	1,309		1,244	58
Equity Method Investment, Realized Gain (Loss) on Disposal			1,000
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment, Net of Tax	700		100	400
Premiums Recognized from Fronting Agreement	57,400		47,100	36,500
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	1,300		1,000
Advertising Expense	6,300		4,900	4,000
Deferred Revenue from Fronting Agreement	$ 2,100		$ 1,800
Concentration Risk, Percentage	19.00%	19.00%	19.00%
Cash Designated for Paying Reinsurance Claims	$ 3,900		$ 2,800
Reinsurance Trust Minimum Payment		$ 2.0
Reinsurance Trust Payment Unearned Premium Percentage	115.00%	115.00%
Reinsurance Payment of Percentage of Canadian Claims outstanding	15.00%	15.00%
Reinsurance Trust Balance					$ 3.5
Interest Income, Other	$ 900		$ 200	$ 100
Shares Issued, Price Per Share \| $ / shares	$ 33.00
Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity	$ 65,671
Proceeds from Rents Received	$ 900

Net Loss per Share (Details) Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share - shares	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Number	2,621,503	4,006,399	4,123,023	4,871,949
Common shares attributable to dilutive effect of warrants	480,000
Stock options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Number	2,621,503	4,006,399	4,123,023
Restricted stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Restricted stock, outstanding	451,160	256,842	352,996
Warrants
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Common shares attributable to dilutive effect of warrants	480,000	810,000	810,000

Property Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 85,504	$ 20,243
Less: Accumulated depreciation	(15,701)	(12,375)
Property and equipment, net	69,803	7,868
Depreciation and amortization expense	4,300	4,200	$ 3,800
Land and Land Improvements [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	15,833
Building and Building Improvements [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	46,561
Software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	20,338	17,221
Computer Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 2,772	$ 3,022

Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Deferred Acquisition Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Selling and Marketing Expense [Member]
Supplemental Information for Property, Casualty Insurance Underwriters [Line Items]
Supplemental Information for Property, Casualty Insurance Underwriters, Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	$ 2.1	$ 1.7	$ 1.4
Cost of Sales [Member]
Supplemental Information for Property, Casualty Insurance Underwriters [Line Items]
Supplemental Information for Property, Casualty Insurance Underwriters, Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	$ 15.9	$ 13.2	$ 10.7

Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Rental Income (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due, Next Twelve Months	$ 2,129
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments, Due in Two Years	1,224
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments, Due in Three Years	1,210
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments, Due in Four Years	1,173
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments, Due in Five Years	1,210
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments, Due Thereafter	3,238
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Receivable	$ 10,184

Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Property, Plant, and Equipment, Useful Life (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Land Improvements [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	10 years
Building [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	39 years
Software and Software Development Costs [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	3 years
Software and Software Development Costs [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	5 years
Office Equipment [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	3 years
Office Equipment [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	5 years

Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Indefinite-Lived License Agreements	$ 4,773	$ 4,773
Finite-Lived Patents, Gross	743	373
Intangible assets, net	8,071	4,972
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization	404	174
Intangible Assets, Gross (Excluding Goodwill)	8,475	5,146
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Acquired-in-Place Leases	$ 2,959	0
Intangible Asset, Useful Life	5 years 1 month 6 days
Amortization of Intangible Assets	$ 200
Amortization	500
Impairment, Amount, License Intangibles	0	0	$ 0
Patents [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets, net	552	199
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization	191	174
Leases, Acquired-in-Place [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets, net	2,746	0
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization	$ 213	$ 0

Investment Securities (Details) Investment Schedule - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Investment [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities, amortized cost	$ 3,573	$ 3,237
Available-for-sale Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	0	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	19	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, without Single Maturity Date, Fair Value	3,554	3,237
Held-to-maturity securities, amortized cost	54,559	37,590
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Gain	0	1
Held-to-maturity securities, gross unrealized holding losses	(3)	(4)
Held-to-maturity Securities, Fair Value	54,556	37,587
Deposits [Member]
Investment [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities, amortized cost	2,573	2,237
Available-for-sale Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	0	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	0	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, without Single Maturity Date, Fair Value	2,573	2,237
Municipal bond
Investment [Line Items]
Available-for-sale securities, amortized cost	1,000	1,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	0	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	19	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Debt Maturities, without Single Maturity Date, Fair Value	981	1,000
U.S. Treasury securities
Investment [Line Items]
Held-to-maturity securities, amortized cost	6,645	5,783
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Gain	0	0
Held-to-maturity securities, gross unrealized holding losses	(3)	(4)
Held-to-maturity Securities, Fair Value	6,642	5,779
Certificates of deposit
Investment [Line Items]
Held-to-maturity securities, amortized cost	437	690
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Gain	0	1
Held-to-maturity securities, gross unrealized holding losses	0	0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Fair Value	437	691
US government debt securities
Investment [Line Items]
Held-to-maturity securities, amortized cost	47,477	31,117
Held-to-maturity Securities, Accumulated Unrecognized Holding Gain	0	0
Held-to-maturity securities, gross unrealized holding losses	0	0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Fair Value	$ 47,477	$ 31,117

Investment Securities (Details) Available-for-Sale - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Available-for-sale securities, due after one year through five years, amortized cost basis	$ 3,573
Available-for-sale securities, due after one year through five years, fair value	3,554
Available-for-sale securities, amortized cost	3,573	$ 3,237
Available-for-sale securities, debt maturities, fair value	$ 3,554

Other Investments (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Other Investments (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Other Investments [Abstract]
Other Commitment	$ 2.2
Purchase of Equity Interest	3.0
Investment Company, Committed Capital	4.0
Increase (Decrease) in Notes Receivables	2.5
Line of Credit outstanding balance, Variable Interest Entity	0.6
Payments to Acquire Interest in Joint Venture	0.3
Services performed for Variable Interest Entity	$ 0.6

Fair Value (Details) Unobservable - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities, Noncurrent	$ 3,554,000	$ 3,237,000
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	9,964,000	9,004,000
Notes Receivable, Fair Value Disclosure	3,000,000.0	2,500,000
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	5,983,000	8,004,000
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	981,000	1,000,000
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	3,000,000	0
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Noncurrent	1,400,000	600,000
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Noncurrent	1,400,000	600,000
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Noncurrent	0	0
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Noncurrent	0	0
Deposits [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities, Noncurrent	2,573,000	2,237,000
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	2,010,000	5,167,000
Deposits [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities, Noncurrent	2,573,000	2,237,000
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	2,010,000	5,167,000
Deposits [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities, Noncurrent	0	0
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Deposits [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities, Noncurrent	0	0
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Municipal bond
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities, Noncurrent	981,000	1,000,000
Municipal bond \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities, Noncurrent	0	0
Municipal bond \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities, Noncurrent	981,000	1,000,000
Municipal bond \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities, Noncurrent	0	$ 0
Money Market Funds [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	3,000,000
Money Market Funds [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	0
Money Market Funds [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	0
Money Market Funds [Member] \| Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	$ 3,000,000

Commitment and Contingencies (Details) Narrative - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Line of Credit Facility, Interest Rate Description	greater of 4.5% or 1.25% plus the prime rate
Line of Credit Facility, Interest Rate During Period	6.75%
Operating Leases, Rent Expense, Net	$ 1,400	$ 1,800	$ 1,200
Capital Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due, Next Twelve Months	148
Capital Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due in Two Years	$ 24

Commitment and Contingencies Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Other Commitment, Due in Next Twelve Months	$ 2,886
Other Commitment, Due in Second Year	325
Other Commitment, Due in Third Year	185
Other Commitment, Due in Fourth Year	168
Other Commitment, Due in Fifth Year	168
Other Commitment, Due after Fifth Year	2,464
Other Commitment	6,196
Capital Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due, Next Twelve Months	148
Capital Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due in Two Years	24
Capital Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due in Three Years	24
Capital Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due in Four Years	6
Capital Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due in Five Years	0
Capital Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due Thereafter	0
Capital Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due	202
total future commitments due in next twelve months	3,034
total future commitments due in two years	349
total future commitments due in three years	13,209
total future commitments due in four years	174
total future commitments due in five years	168
total future commitments due thereafter	2,464
Total future commitments payments due	19,398
Debt [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Other Commitment, Due in Next Twelve Months	0
Other Commitment, Due in Second Year	0
Other Commitment, Due in Third Year	13,000
Other Commitment, Due in Fourth Year	0
Other Commitment, Due in Fifth Year	0
Other Commitment, Due after Fifth Year	0
Other Commitment	$ 13,000

Claims Reserve (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Claims Reserve (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Subscription business [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Change in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 2,800
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	547,317
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	561,191
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	13,875
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Abstract]
Claims reserve at beginning of year	11,059	$ 8,538	$ 5,384
Current Year Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense	190,642	155,623	123,823
Prior Year Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense	409	(69)	813
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Claims Paid, Current Year	177,418	144,802	115,314
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Claims Paid, Prior Years	10,130	7,777	5,832
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Claims Paid	187,548	152,579	121,146
Claims expense non-cash	687	454	336
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Incurred Claims	191,051	155,554	124,636
Claims reserve at end of year	13,875	11,059	8,538
Other Segments [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Change in Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Net	500
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	52,717
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	54,904
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	2,187
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Abstract]
Claims reserve at beginning of year	1,697	983	890
Current Year Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense	23,784	14,739	9,027
Prior Year Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense	(296)	(171)	(129)
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Claims Paid, Current Year	21,615	13,053	8,048
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Claims Paid, Prior Years	1,383	801	757
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Claims Paid	22,998	13,854	8,805
Claims expense non-cash	0	0	0
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Incurred Claims	23,488	14,568	8,898
Claims reserve at end of year	$ 2,187	$ 1,697	$ 983

Claims Reserve Cumulative claims paid and claims adjustment expenses (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($)
Other Segments [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 54,904
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	$ 2,187
Other Segments [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Number of Reported Claims	160,393
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 23,775
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	$ 2,169
Other Segments [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Number of Reported Claims	105,171
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 14,417	$ 14,735
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	$ 12
Other Segments [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Number of Reported Claims	59,493
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 8,855	8,842	$ 9,027
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	$ 4
Other Segments [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Number of Reported Claims	46,950
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 7,857	7,849	7,845	$ 7,973
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	2
Subscription business [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	561,191
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	$ 13,875
Subscription business [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Number of Reported Claims	800,074
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 188,825
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	$ 12,537
Subscription business [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Number of Reported Claims	715,375
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 154,497	154,209
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	$ 995
Subscription business [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Number of Reported Claims	595,563
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 123,072	122,990	123,202
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	$ 271
Subscription business [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member]
Claims Development [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Number of Reported Claims	479,172
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 94,797	$ 94,749	$ 94,691	$ 94,138
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) Claims Liability, Net	$ 72

Claims Reserve Incurred claims and claim adjustment expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Other Segments [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 52,717
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Net	2,187	$ 1,697	$ 983	$ 890
Other Segments [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	21,606
Other Segments [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	14,405	13,050
Other Segments [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	8,851	8,831	8,048
Other Segments [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	7,855	7,849	7,841	7,085
Subscription business [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	547,317
Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense, Net	13,875	11,059	8,538	5,384
Subscription business [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2017 [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	176,288
Subscription business [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2016 [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	153,502	143,958
Subscription business [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2015 [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	122,802	122,461	115,045
Subscription business [Member] \| Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Accident Year 2014 [Member]
Liability for Claims and Claims Adjustment Expense [Line Items]
Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net	$ 94,725	$ 94,621	$ 94,406	$ 88,808

Debt (Details) Narrative - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Debt (Details) Narrative - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 50,000	$ 30,000
Line of Credit Facility, Interest Rate Description	greater of 4.5% or 1.25% plus the prime rate
Line of Credit Facility, Interest Rate During Period	6.75%
Maximum Contractual Balance Restriction	$ 4,500
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	1,400	$ 600
Line of Credit Facility, Current Borrowing Capacity	36,600
Contractual Balance Restriction	400
Long-term Line of Credit	13,000
Debt Issuance Costs, Line of Credit Arrangements, Net	$ 100

Stock-based Compensation (Details) Narrative - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Fair Value of Options Vested (in thousands)	$ 2,665	$ 6,313	$ 4,645
Options outstanding, weighted average remaining contractual term	5 years 7 months 6 days
Employee Stock Option [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Nonvested options, number of shares	475,368
Compensation cost not yet recognized	$ 3,100
Weighted average remaining vesting period	1 year 10 months 24 days
Restricted stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Restricted stock, outstanding	451,160	256,842	352,996
Compensation cost not yet recognized	$ 7,800
Weighted average remaining vesting period	2 years 7 months 6 days

Stock-based Compensation Expense Category (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Stock-based Compensation
Total stock-based compensation	$ 4,775	$ 3,419	$ 2,946
Claims expenses
Stock-based Compensation
Total stock-based compensation	571	355	234
Other cost of revenue
Stock-based Compensation
Total stock-based compensation	356	239	41
Sales and marketing
Stock-based Compensation
Total stock-based compensation	1,335	722	532
Technology and development
Stock-based Compensation
Total stock-based compensation	209	216	246
General and administrative
Stock-based Compensation
Total stock-based compensation	$ 2,304	$ 1,887	$ 1,893
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Stock-based Compensation
Restricted stock, outstanding	451,160	256,842	352,996
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized	$ 7,800
Share-based Compensation Arrangement , Non-employee, Weighted Average Remaining Vesting Period	2 years 7 months 6 days

Stock-based Compensation Valuation Assumptions (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Term, Maximum	6 years 3 months	6 years 3 months
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Term, Minimum	6 years 3 months	5 years 15 days
Expected volatility Minimum	37.10%	37.60%
Expected volatility Maximum	39.80%	42.10%
Expected dividends	0.00%	0.00%
Risk-free minimum	1.80%	1.10%
Risk-free maximum	2.20%	2.00%

Stock-based Compensation Option Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Vested and Expected to Vest, Exercisable, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	5 years
Number of Options
Beginning balance	4,006,399	4,123,023	4,871,949
Granted	0	657,339	666,664
Exercised	1,292,037	670,823	1,119,367
Forfeited	92,859	103,140	296,223
Ending Balance	2,621,503	4,006,399	4,123,023
Exercisable at December 31, 2018	2,146,135
Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share
Beginning Balance (usd per share)	$ 7.16	$ 5.06	$ 3.71
Granted (usd per share)	0	17.74	13.37
Exercised (usd per share)	2.82	3.80	3.35
Forfeited (usd per share)	15.36	12.25	8.14
Ending Balance (usd per share)	9.01	$ 7.16	$ 5.06
Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2014 (usd per share)	$ 7.46
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding	$ 43,136	$ 88,578	$ 43,185	$ 29,644
Exercised	36,625	$ 10,392	$ 11,980
Exercisable at December 31, 2018	$ 38,642

Stock-based Compensation Options Granted (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
WEIGHTED-AVERAGE GRANT DATE FAIR VALUE	$ 0	$ 7.25	$ 5.64
Fair Value of Options Vested (in thousands)	$ 2,665	$ 6,313	$ 4,645

Stock-based Compensation Restricted Stock Awards (Details) - Restricted Stock - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	256,842	350,631	467,508
Granted	375,313	23,659	0
Vested	(149,213)	(116,877)	(116,877)
Forfeited	(31,782)	(571)	0
Ending balance	451,160	256,842	350,631
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance (usd per share)	$ 4.77	$ 4.77	$ 4.77
Restricted stock awards granted (usd per share)	28.10	30.19	0
Awards upon which restrictions lapsed (usd per share)	9.74	4.77	4.77
Restricted stock awards forfeited (usd per share)	28.57	30.19	0
Ending balance (usd per share)	$ 22.16	$ 4.77	$ 4.77

Real Estate (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Real Estate (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) shares
Real Estate [Abstract]
Business Combination, Consideration Transferred	$ 65.2
Fair Value Assumptions, Risk Free Interest Rate	2.50%
Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Volatility Rate	36.72%
Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Term	1 year 10 months 17 days
Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Dividend Rate	0.00%
Transaction costs related to Building Acquisition	$ 0.6
Payments to Acquire Buildings	$ 55.0
Payments to Acquire Buildings, Shares \| shares	303,030
Payments to Acquire Buildings, Fair Value of Shares	$ 9.6
Intangible Asset, Useful Life	5 years 1 month 6 days

Real Estate Purchase Price Allocation, Real Estate (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business Combination, Consideration Transferred	$ 65,200
Building and Building Improvements [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business Combination, Consideration Transferred	46,379
Land and Land Improvements [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business Combination, Consideration Transferred	15,833
Leases, Acquired-in-Place [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business Combination, Consideration Transferred	2,959
Assets, Total [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business Combination, Consideration Transferred	$ 65,171

Real Estate Property, Plant, and Equipment, Useful Life (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Land Improvements [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	10 years
Building [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	39 years

Stockholder's Equity Narrative (Details) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
Stockholder's Equity Narrative (Details) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Class of Stock Disclosures [Abstract]
Common Stock, Shares Authorized	100,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding	34,025,136
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized	10,000,000
Redemption of warrants, gross	330,000
Warrants outstanding	480,000
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights	$ 10.00	$ 10.00

Segments (Details) Business Segment - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 82,640	$ 78,164	$ 73,392	$ 69,760	$ 66,545	$ 63,118	$ 58,275	$ 54,729	$ 303,956	$ 242,667	$ 188,230
Veterinary invoice expense	58,343	54,303,000	51,780	50,113	46,473	43,453,000	41,009	39,187	214,539	170,122	133,534
Other cost of revenue	10,092	10,117,000	9,259,000	8,583	8,335	7,858,000	6,915,000	6,387	38,051	29,495	21,408
Gross profit	14,205	13,744	12,353	11,064	11,737	11,807	10,351	9,155	51,366	43,050	33,288
Technology Services Costs									9,248	9,768	9,534
General and administrative									18,164	16,820	15,205
Sales and marketing									24,999	19,104	15,247
Operating loss									(1,045)	(2,642)	(6,698)
Subscription business
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue									263,738	218,354	173,356
Veterinary invoice expense	51,183	48,285,000	46,446	45,137	41,806	39,761,000	37,664	36,323	191,051	155,554	124,636
Other cost of revenue	6,709	6,468,000	5,887,000	5,877	6,024	5,454,000	4,927,000	4,923	24,941	21,329	16,685
Gross profit									47,746	41,471	32,035
Sales and marketing									24,622	18,886	15,029
Other business
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue									40,218	24,313	14,874
Veterinary invoice expense	7,160	6,018,000	5,334	4,976	4,667	3,692,000	3,345	2,864	23,488	14,568	8,898
Other cost of revenue	$ 3,383	$ 3,649,000	$ 3,372,000	$ 2,706	$ 2,311	$ 2,404,000	$ 1,988,000	$ 1,464	13,110	8,166	4,723
Gross profit									3,620	1,579	1,253
Sales and marketing									$ 377	$ 218	$ 218

Segments (Details) Revenue by Geography - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 82,640	$ 78,164	$ 73,392	$ 69,760	$ 66,545	$ 63,118	$ 58,275	$ 54,729	$ 303,956	$ 242,667	$ 188,230
UNITED STATES
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues									246,280	195,297	151,361
CANADA
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues									$ 57,676	$ 47,370	$ 36,869

Dividend Restrictions Statutory Surplus (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Insurance [Abstract]
Statutory Accounting Practices, Statutory Amount Available for Dividend Payments without Regulatory Approval	$ 700
Proceeds from Dividends Received	2,200	$ 2,700	$ 0
Statutory Accounting Practices, Statutory Net Income Amount	11,021	7,507	4,081
Statutory Accounting Practices, Statutory Capital and Surplus, Balance	56,244	$ 37,190	$ 30,451
Statutory Accounting Practices, Statutory Capital and Surplus Required	53,400
Deposit Assets	$ 6,700

Income Taxes Income before taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
United States	$ (1,054)	$ (1,965)	$ (6,906)
Foreign	120	34	48
Loss before income taxes	$ (934)	$ (1,931)	$ (6,858)

Income Taxes Income tax benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Corporate Tax Rate	21.00%
U.S. federal & state	$ (10)	$ 183	$ 25
Foreign	37	15	13
Current income tax expense (benefit)	27	198	38
Foreign	(2)	(6)	0
Deferred Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	(34)	(626)	0
Income tax (benefit) expense	(7)	(428)	38
Deferred Federal Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	$ (32)	$ (620)	$ 0

Income Taxes Tax Rate Reconciliation (Details)	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes Tax Rate Reconciliation (Details)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, at Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate, Percent	21.00%	34.00%	34.00%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, US State Income Taxes, Percent	4.60%	(9.50%)	(0.60%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Meals and Entertainment, Percent	(5.40%)	(3.00%)	(0.90%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Share-based Compensation Cost, Percent	828.50%	189.10%	7.70%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Percent	(857.40%)	(229.60%)	(40.50%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent	(10.70%)	2.00%	(0.30%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Enacted Tax Rate, Percent	0.00%	32.10%	0.00%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Tax Credit, Percent	20.20%	7.10%	0.00%
Effective income tax rate	0.80%	22.20%	(0.60%)

Income Taxes Deferred tax assets and liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Operating Loss Carryforwards, Limitations on Use, Value	$ 500
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, at Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate, Percent	21.00%	34.00%	34.00%
Deferred Tax Assets, Tax Deferred Expense, Reserves and Accruals, Unearned Premiums Reserve	$ 1,371	$ 966
Deferred tax assets:
Accruals and reserves	475	606
Noncurrent:
Net operating loss carryforwards	26,566	18,211
Depreciation and amortization	346	317
Deferred Tax Assets, Tax Deferred Expense, Compensation and Benefits, Share-based Compensation Cost	1,690	1,024
Deferred Tax Assets, Tax Credit Carryforwards	397	208
Deferred tax asset, noncurrent, other	180	270
Total deferred tax assets	31,025	21,602
Deferred Tax Liabilities, Gross [Abstract]
Deferred costs	(279)	(183)
Intangible assets	(1,002)	(1,002)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(1,281)	(1,185)
Deferred Tax Assets, Net	29,744	20,417
Less deferred tax asset valuation allowance	(30,701)	(21,419)
Net deferred tax liability	$ (957)	$ (1,002)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, State and Local Income Taxes, Percent	4.60%	(9.50%)	(0.60%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Share-based Compensation Cost, Percent	828.50%	189.10%	7.70%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Percent	(857.40%)	(229.60%)	(40.50%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Meals and Entertainment, Percent	(5.40%)	(3.00%)	(0.90%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Other Adjustments, Percent	(10.70%)	2.00%	(0.30%)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Enacted Tax Rate, Percent	0.00%	32.10%	0.00%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Tax Credit, Percent	20.20%	7.10%	0.00%
Effective income tax rate	0.80%	22.20%	(0.60%)

Income Taxes Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Operating loss carryforwards	$ 121,100
Operating Loss Carryforwards, Expiration Date	Jan. 01, 2027
Operating Loss Carryforwards, Limitations on Use, Value	$ 500
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of year	327	$ 120	$ 80
Increases (decreases) to tax positions related to prior periods	(243)	(91)	0
Increases to tax positions related to the current year	5	116	40
Balance, end of year	$ 89	$ 327	$ 120

Retirement Plan Details (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Retirement Plan Details (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Defined Contribution Plan, Employer Discretionary Contribution Amount	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 0.0

Quarterly Financial Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Revenue	$ 82,640	$ 78,164	$ 73,392	$ 69,760	$ 66,545	$ 63,118	$ 58,275	$ 54,729	$ 303,956	$ 242,667	$ 188,230
Gross profit	14,205	13,744	12,353	11,064	11,737	11,807	10,351	9,155	51,366	43,050	33,288
Net loss	$ (275)	$ 1,205	$ (377)	$ (1,480)	$ (838)	$ 406	$ 411	$ (1,482)	$ (927)	$ (1,503)	$ (6,896)
Net loss per share: Basic and diluted (per share)	$ (0.01)		$ (0.01)	$ (0.05)	$ (0.03)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01	$ (0.05)	$ (0.03)	$ (0.05)	$ (0.24)
Earnings Per Share, Diluted		$ 0.03
Earnings Per Share, Basic		$ 0.04
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic and Diluted	33,716,975			30,246,585	29,847,574			29,254,681	31,961,192	29,588,324	28,527,602
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic		33,129,416	30,721,037			30,037,282	29,510,907
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted		36,385,360	30,721,037			33,113,981	32,734,624
Claims Expense	$ 58,343	$ 54,303,000	$ 51,780	$ 50,113	$ 46,473	$ 43,453,000	$ 41,009	$ 39,187	$ 214,539	$ 170,122	$ 133,534
Other Cost of Services	10,092	10,117,000	9,259,000	8,583	8,335	7,858,000	6,915,000	6,387	38,051	29,495	21,408
Other Segments [Member]
Revenue									40,218	24,313	14,874
Gross profit									3,620	1,579	1,253
Claims Expense	7,160	6,018,000	5,334	4,976	4,667	3,692,000	3,345	2,864	23,488	14,568	8,898
Other Cost of Services	3,383	3,649,000	3,372,000	2,706	2,311	2,404,000	1,988,000	1,464	13,110	8,166	4,723
Subscription business [Member]
Revenue									263,738	218,354	173,356
Gross profit									47,746	41,471	32,035
Claims Expense	51,183	48,285,000	46,446	45,137	41,806	39,761,000	37,664	36,323	191,051	155,554	124,636
Other Cost of Services	$ 6,709	$ 6,468,000	$ 5,887,000	$ 5,877	$ 6,024	$ 5,454,000	$ 4,927,000	$ 4,923	$ 24,941	$ 21,329	$ 16,685

Schedule 1-Parent Only Disclosures [Schedule] Condensed Statement of Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Technology Services Costs	$ 9,248	$ 9,768	$ 9,534
General and administrative	18,164	16,820	15,205
Sales and marketing	24,999	19,104	15,247
Operating loss	(1,045)	(2,642)	(6,698)
Interest expense	1,198	533	218
Other income, net	(1,309)	(1,244)	(58)
Income Tax (Benefit) Expense, Attributable to Parent	4,042	5,302	0
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	(661)	285	125
Comprehensive loss	(1,588)	(1,218)	(6,771)
Parent Company
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value	2,133	1,105
Veterinary invoice expense	571	354	269
Other costs of revenue	357	239	41
Technology Services Costs	512	528	531
General and administrative	4,879	4,204	3,627
Sales and marketing	1,355	889	871
Total expenses	7,674	6,214	5,339
Operating loss	(7,674)	(6,214)	(5,339)
Interest expense	1,184	529	218
Other income, net	2,557	4,101	(23)
Loss before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries	(6,301)	(2,642)	(5,580)
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries	(1,332)	4,163	1,316
Net loss	(927)	(1,503)	(6,896)
Other comprehensive income (loss) of subsidiaries	(661)	285	125
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	(661)	285	125
Comprehensive loss	(1,588)	(1,218)	$ (6,771)
Investments in and Advance to Affiliates, Subsidiaries, Associates, and Joint Ventures	$ 125,475	$ 47,209

Schedule 1-Parent Only Disclosures [Schedule] Condensed Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Accounts and other receivables	$ 31,565	$ 20,367
Prepaid expenses and other assets	5,300	2,895
Total current assets	117,976	86,558
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	1,400	600
Property and equipment, net	69,803	7,868
Intangible assets, net	8,071	4,972
Other Assets, Noncurrent	6,706	2,624
Total assets	207,510	105,859
Accrued Liabilities, Current	11,347	7,660
Total current liabilities	63,203	45,866
Long-term Debt, Excluding Current Maturities	12,862	9,324
Deferred tax liabilities	1,002	1,002
Other liabilities	1,270	1,233
Total liabilities	78,337	57,425
Common Stock, Value, Outstanding	0	0
Preferred Stock, Value, Outstanding	0	0
Additional Paid-in Capital	219,838	134,511
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(753)	(92)
Accumulated deficit	(83,711)	(82,784)
Treasury stock, at cost	(6,201)	(3,201)
Total stockholders' deficit	129,173	48,434	$ 44,715	$ 45,356
Liabilities and Equity	207,510	105,859
Parent Company
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value	2,133	1,105
Accounts and other receivables	2,094	2,261
Prepaid expenses and other assets	661	295
Total current assets	4,888	3,661
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	1,400	600
Property and equipment, net	568	661
Intangible assets, net	5,076	4,795
Other Assets, Noncurrent	6,515	2,488
Advances to subsidiaries	125,475	47,209
Total assets	143,922	59,414
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, Current	885	654
Total current liabilities	885	654
Long-term Debt, Excluding Current Maturities	12,862	9,324
Deferred tax liabilities	1,002	1,002
Other liabilities	0	0
Total liabilities	14,749	10,980
Common Stock, Value, Outstanding	0	0
Preferred Stock, Value, Outstanding	0	0
Additional Paid-in Capital	219,838	134,511
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(753)	(92)
Accumulated deficit	(83,711)	(82,784)
Treasury stock, at cost	(6,201)	(3,201)
Total stockholders' deficit	129,173	48,434
Liabilities and Equity	$ 143,922	$ 59,414

Schedule 1-Parent Only Disclosures [Schedule] Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash, Carrying Value, End of Period	$ 27,952	$ 26,306	$ 24,237
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash, Carrying Value		26,306	24,237	$ 17,956
Proceeds from Dividends Received	2,200	2,700	0
Equity Method Investment, Realized Gain (Loss) on Disposal		1,000
Warrant expense	0	(1,036)	0
Stock-based compensation expense	4,775	3,419	2,946
Other Operating Income (Expense), Net	(240)	(383)	104
Net cash provided by operating activities	12,680	9,666	5,006
Proceeds from Sale of Equity Method Investments	0	1,402
Purchases of property and equipment	(56,936)	(3,131)	(1,941)
Proceeds from (Payments for) Other Financing Activities	365	(694)	(399)
Payments for (Proceeds from) Investments	3,000	0	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(81,451)	(13,056)	(6,508)
Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity	65,671
Payments Related to Tax Withholding for Share-based Compensation	(1,839)	(1,170)	(662)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	3,601	2,545	3,745
Proceeds from debt financing, net of financing fees	13,431	4,400	4,988
Repayments of Long-term Debt	(10,000)	0	0
Net cash provided by financing activities	71,229	5,081	7,672
Effect of Exchange Rate on Cash and Cash Equivalents	(812)	378	111
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	1,646	2,069	6,281
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	25,706
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	26,552	25,706
Interest paid	(1,019)	(333)	(153)
Capital Lease Obligations Incurred	0	689	559
Redemption of Warrants Non-Cash; Common Stock	3,000		600
Acquisition of Corporate Real Estate Non-Cash, Common Stock	9,640
Parent Company
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash, Carrying Value, End of Period	3,533	1,705	4,001
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash, Carrying Value	1,705	4,001	6,040
Net loss	(927)	(1,503)	(6,896)
Loss attributable to equity method investments	(1,332)	4,163	1,316
Depreciation and amortization	436	697	251
Equity Method Investment, Realized Gain (Loss) on Disposal	0	(1,036)	0
Stock-based compensation expense	4,775	3,419	2,946
Other Operating Income (Expense), Net	108	(380)	58
Increase (Decrease) in Operating Assets	(97)	743	1,742
Net cash provided by operating activities	2,963	6,103	(583)
Proceeds from Sale of Equity Method Investments	0	1,402	0
Purchases of property and equipment	(164)	(135)	1
Payments to Acquire Interest in Subsidiaries and Affiliates	(67,884)	(12,168)	(9,333)
Proceeds from (Payments for) Other Financing Activities	(4,237)	(2,668)	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(72,285)	(13,570)	(9,332)
Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity	65,671	0	0
Payments Related to Tax Withholding for Share-based Compensation	(1,839)	(1,170)	(662)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	3,601	2,545	3,745
Proceeds from debt financing, net of financing fees	13,430	4,400	4,988
Repayments of Long-term Debt	(10,000)	0	0
Other financing costs	287	(604)	(195)
Net cash provided by financing activities	71,150	5,170	7,876
Effect of Exchange Rate on Cash and Cash Equivalents	0	0	0
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	1,828	(2,297)	(2,039)
Interest paid	1,007	333	153
Capital Lease Obligations Incurred	0	471	0
Redemption of Warrants Non-Cash; Common Stock	3,000	0	600
Acquisition of Corporate Real Estate Non-Cash, Common Stock	$ 9,640	$ 0	$ 0