Table of Contents

	

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington D.C. 20549

	

FORM 10-Q

	
 	
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED September 30, 2019
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from         to
Commission File Number: 000-51280

	

MORNINGSTAR, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter) 

	
				
Illinois	 	36-3297908	
(State or Other Jurisdiction of	 	(I.R.S. Employer	
Incorporation or Organization)	 	Identification Number)	
 	 	 	 	
22 West Washington Street	 	 	
Chicago	Illinois	 	60602	
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	 	(Zip Code)	
  (312) 696-6000
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

			
Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered	
Common stock, no par value	MORN	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

										
Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer 	☐	Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company  	☐	Emerging growth company 	☐	
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x
As of October 18, 2019, there were 42,809,867 shares of the Company’s common stock, no par value, outstanding.

	

Table of Contents

MORNINGSTAR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX

	
					
PART 1	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	3	
 	 	 	 	
 	Item 1.	Financial Statements	3	
 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	3	
 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	3	
 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018	4	
 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	5	
 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	8	
 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	9	
 	 	 	 	
 	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	23	
 	 	 	 	
 	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	39	
 	 	 	 	
 	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	40	

PART 2	OTHER INFORMATION	41	
 	 	 	 	
 	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	41	
 	 	 	 	
 	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	41	
 	 	 	 	
 	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	41	
 	 	 	 	
 	Item 6.	Exhibits	42	
 	 	 	 	
SIGNATURE	 	43	

2

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PART 1.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	
		
Item 1.	Financial Statements	
Morningstar, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

																	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions, except per share amounts)	 	2019	 	2018	 	2019	 	2018	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Revenue	 	$	313.8		 	$	261.3		 	$	846.6		 	$	757.2		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating expense:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cost of revenue	 	128.4		 	100.0		 	341.0		 	302.2		
Sales and marketing	 	44.0		 	35.8		 	129.7		 	113.7		
General and administrative	 	57.2		 	35.4		 	142.0		 	103.6		
Depreciation and amortization	 	34.6		 	24.7		 	84.0		 	71.2		
Total operating expense	 	264.2		 	195.9		 	696.7		 	590.7		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating income	 	49.6		 	65.4		 	149.9		 	166.5		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Non-operating income, net:	 	 		 	 		 	 	 	 	
Interest expense, net	 	(4.8	)	 	(0.2	)	 	(4.8	)	 	(1.2	)	
Gain on sale of investments, reclassified from other comprehensive income	 	0.3		 	0.3		 	0.7		 	0.9		
Gain on sale of product line	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	10.5		
Gain on sale of equity investments	 	19.5		 	5.6		 	19.5		 	5.6		
Other income (expense), net	 	(1.1	)	 	1.6		 	(2.5	)	 	2.2		
Non-operating income, net	 	13.9		 	7.3		 	12.9		 	18.0		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income before income taxes and equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated entities	 	63.5		 	72.7		 	162.8		 	184.5		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated entities	 	(1.1	)	 	0.3		 	(1.9	)	 	(1.6	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income tax expense	 	13.3		 	16.1		 	36.5		 	42.3		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated net income	 	$	49.1		 	$	56.9		 	$	124.4		 	$	140.6		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income per share:	 	 		 	 		 	 	 	 	
Basic	 	$	1.15		 	$	1.33		 	$	2.91		 	$	3.30		
Diluted	 	$	1.14		 	$	1.32		 	$	2.89		 	$	3.27		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Dividends per common share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Dividends declared per common share	 	$	—		 	$	—		 	$	0.56		 	$	0.50		
Dividends paid per common share	 	$	0.28		 	$	0.25		 	$	0.84		 	$	0.75		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Weighted average shares outstanding:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic	 	42.8		 	42.6		 	42.7		 	42.6		
Diluted	 	43.2		 	43.1		 	43.1		 	43.0		

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Morningstar, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

	
																	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions) 	 	2019	 	2018	 	2019	 	2018	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated net income	 	$	49.1		 	$	56.9		 	$	124.4		 	$	140.6		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Other comprehensive loss:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Foreign currency translation adjustment	 	(18.3	)	 	(6.1	)	 	(17.7	)	 	(20.2	)	
Unrealized gains on securities, net of tax:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
  Unrealized holding gains arising
  during the period	 	0.2		 	0.5		 	2.4		 	0.8		
  Reclassification gains included in net
  income	 	(0.3	)	 	(0.2	)	 	(0.6	)	 	(0.7	)	
Other comprehensive loss	 	(18.4	)	 	(5.8	)	 	(15.9	)	 	(20.1	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Comprehensive income	 	$	30.7		 	$	51.1		 	$	108.5		 	$	120.5		

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Morningstar, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

									
(in millions, except share amounts)	 	As of September 30, 2019
(unaudited)	 	As of December 31, 2018	
Assets	 	 		 	 		
Current assets:	 	 		 	 		
Cash and cash equivalents	 	$	321.8		 	$	369.3		
Investments	 	31.0		 	26.6		
Accounts receivable, less allowance of $2.8 and $4.0, respectively	 	168.0		 	172.2		
Income tax receivable	 	0.4		 	1.8		
Deferred commissions	 	15.8		 	14.8		
Other current assets	 	23.7		 	16.9		
Total current assets	 	560.7		 	601.6		
Goodwill	 	1,015.8		 	556.7		
Property, equipment, and capitalized software, less accumulated depreciation and amortization of $400.7 and $351.7, respectively	 	151.5		 	143.5		
Operating lease assets	 	138.2		 	—		
Intangible assets, net	 	335.7		 	73.9		
Investments in unconsolidated entities	 	59.9		 	63.1		
Deferred commissions	 	11.7		 	10.3		
Other assets	 	9.0		 	4.7		
Total assets	 	$	2,282.5		 	$	1,453.8		
 	 	 	 	 	
Liabilities and equity	 	 		 	 		
Current liabilities:	 	 		 	 		
Deferred revenue	 	$	240.0		 	$	195.8		
Accrued compensation	 	107.7		 	109.5		
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	 	36.9		 	54.4		
Long-term debt	 	11.0		 	—		
Operating lease liabilities	 	33.3		 	—		
Other current liabilities	 	2.8		 	3.1		
Total current liabilities	 	431.7		 	362.8		
Operating lease liabilities	 	132.3		 	—		
Accrued compensation	 	12.5		 	11.8		
Deferred tax liability, net	 	85.1		 	22.2		
Long-term debt	 	534.8		 	70.0		
Deferred revenue	 	32.0		 	14.2		
Other long-term liabilities	 	12.2		 	38.1		
Total liabilities	 	1,240.6		 	519.1		
 	 	 	 	 	
Equity:	 	 		 	 		
Morningstar, Inc. shareholders’ equity:	 	 		 	 		
Common stock, no par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, of which 42,809,867 and 42,624,118 shares were outstanding as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	 	—		 	—		
Treasury stock at cost, 10,844,603 and 10,816,672 shares as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	 	(729.4	)	 	(726.8	)	
Additional paid-in capital	 	646.9		 	621.7		
Retained earnings	 	1,215.3		 	1,114.8		
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:	 	 	 	 	
    Currency translation adjustment	 	(92.2	)	 	(74.5	)	
    Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments	 	1.3		 	(0.5	)	
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss	 	(90.9	)	 	(75.0	)	
Total equity	 	1,041.9		 	934.7		
Total liabilities and equity	 	$	2,282.5		 	$	1,453.8		

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Morningstar, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity
For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018

																												
 	 	Morningstar, Inc. Shareholders’ Equity	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss		 	 	
 	 	Common Stock	 	 		 	Additional
Paid-in
Capital		 	 	 			 	 	
(in millions, except share and per share amounts)	 	Shares
Outstanding		 	Par
Value		 	Treasury
Stock		 			 	Retained
Earnings		 			 	Total
Equity		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance as of December 31, 2018	 	42,624,118		 	$	—		 	$	(726.8	)	 	$	621.7		 	$	1,114.8		 	$	(75.0	)	 	$	934.7		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	33.2		 	—		 	33.2		
Other comprehensive income:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments, net of income tax of $0.7	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	1.9		 	1.9		
Reclassification of adjustments for gain included in net income, net of income tax of $0.2	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(0.5	)	 	(0.5	)	
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	3.4		 	3.4		
Other comprehensive income	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	4.8		 	4.8		
Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes on settlements of restricted stock units	 	73,530		 	—		 	—		 	(4.6	)	 	—		 	—		 	(4.6	)	
Reclassification of awards previously liability-classified that were converted to equity
	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	6.6		 	—		 	—		 	6.6		
Stock-based compensation	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	10.0		 	—		 	—		 	10.0		
Common shares repurchased	 	(41,935	)	 	—		 	(4.6	)	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(4.6	)	
Dividends declared ($0.28 per share)	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(11.9	)	 	—		 	(11.9	)	
Balance as of March 31, 2019	 	42,655,713		 	—		 	(731.4	)	 	633.7		 	1,136.1		 	(70.2	)	 	968.2		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	42.1		 	—		 	42.1		
Other comprehensive loss:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments, net of income tax of $0.1	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.3		 	0.3		
Reclassification of adjustments for loss included in net income, net of income tax of $0.1	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.2		 	0.2		
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(2.8	)	 	(2.8	)	
Other comprehensive loss	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(2.3	)	 	(2.3	)	
Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes on settlements of restricted stock units	 	107,309		 	—		 	1.0		 	(6.3	)	 	—		 	—		 	(5.3	)	
Reclassification of awards previously liability-classified that were converted to equity
	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	0.2		 	—		 	—		 	0.2		
Stock-based compensation	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	12.5		 	—		 	—		 	12.5		
Dividends declared ($0.28 per share)	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(12.0	)	 	—		 	(12.0	)	
Balance as of June 30, 2019	 	42,763,022		 	$	—		 	$	(730.4	)	 	$	640.1		 	$	1,166.2		 	$	(72.5	)	 	$	1,003.4		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	49.1		 	—		 	49.1		
Other comprehensive loss:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.2		 	0.2		

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Reclassification of adjustments for gain included in net income, net of income tax of $0.1	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(0.3	)	 	(0.3	)	
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(18.3	)	 	(18.3	)	
Other comprehensive loss	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(18.4	)	 	(18.4	)	
Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes on settlements of restricted stock units	 	46,845		 	—		 	1.0		 	(4.0	)	 	—		 	—		 	(3.0	)	
Stock-based compensation	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	10.8		 	—		 	—		 	10.8		
Balance as of September 30, 2019	 	42,809,867		 	$	—		 	$	(729.4	)	 	$	646.9		 	$	1,215.3		 	$	(90.9	)	 	$	1,041.9		

	
																												
 	 	Morningstar, Inc. Shareholders’ Equity	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss		 	 	
 	 	Common Stock	 	 		 	Additional
Paid-in
Capital		 	 	 			 	 	
(in millions, except share and per share amounts)	 	Shares
Outstanding		 	Par
Value		 	Treasury
Stock		 			 	Retained
Earnings		 			 	Total
Equity		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Balance as of December 31, 2017	 	42,547,707		 	$	—		 	$	(708.2	)	 	$	601.0		 	$	958.7		 	$	(46.6	)	 	$	804.9		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cumulative effect of accounting change related to the adoption of ASU No. 2014-09	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	17.0		 	 	 	17.0		
Net income	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	41.9		 	—		 	41.9		
Other comprehensive income:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Reclassification of adjustments for gain included in net income, net of income tax of $0.1	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(0.4	)	 	(0.4	)	
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	7.5		 	7.5		
Other comprehensive income, net	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	7.1		 	7.1		
Issuance of common stock related to option exercises and vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes on settlements of restricted stock units	 	79,050		 	—		 	—		 	(4.1	)	 	—		 	—		 	(4.1	)	
Reclassification of awards previously liability-classified that were converted to equity	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	4.4		 	—		 	—		 	4.4		
Stock-based compensation	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	6.6		 	—		 	—		 	6.6		
Common shares repurchased	 	(92,529	)	 	—		 	(8.9	)	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(8.9	)	
Dividends declared ($0.25 per share)	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(10.6	)	 	—		 	(10.6	)	
Balance as of March 31, 2018	 	42,534,228		 	$	—		 	$	(717.1	)	 	$	607.9		 	$	1,007.0		 	$	(39.5	)	 	$	858.3		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	41.8		 	—		 	41.8		
Other comprehensive loss:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments, net of income tax of $0.3	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.3		 	0.3		
Reclassification of adjustments for gain included in net income, net of income tax of $0.1	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(0.1	)	 	(0.1	)	
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(21.6	)	 	(21.6	)	
Other comprehensive loss	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(21.4	)	 	(21.4	)	
Issuance of common stock related to option exercises and vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes on settlements of restricted stock units	 	118,598		 	—		 	1.2		 	(6.4	)	 	—		 	—		 	(5.2	)	
Reclassification of awards previously liability-classified that were converted to equity	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	0.2		 	—		 	—		 	0.2		

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Stock-based compensation	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	10.0		 	—		 	—		 	10.0		
Common shares repurchased	 	(16,760	)	 	—		 	(1.6	)	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(1.6	)	
Dividends declared ($0.25 per share)	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(10.7	)	 	—		 	(10.7	)	
Balance as of June 30, 2018	 	42,636,066		 	$	—		 	$	(717.5	)	 	$	611.7		 	$	1,038.1		 	$	(60.9	)	 	$	871.4		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	56.9		 	—		 	56.9		
Other comprehensive loss:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments, net of income tax of $0.2	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	0.5		 	0.5		
Reclassification of adjustments for gain included in net income	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(0.2	)	 	(0.2	)	
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(6.1	)	 	(6.1	)	
Other comprehensive loss	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	(5.8	)	 	(5.8	)	
Issuance of common stock related to option exercises and vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes on settlements of restricted stock units	 	34,662		 	—		 	0.5		 	(2.6	)	 	—		 	—		 	(2.1	)	
Reclassification of awards previously liability-classified that were converted to equity	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	(0.1	)	 	—		 	—		 	(0.1	)	
Stock-based compensation	 	 	 	—		 	—		 	7.3		 	—		 	—		 	7.3		
Balance as of September 30, 2018	 	42,670,728		 	$	—		 	$	(717.0	)	 	$	616.3		 	$	1,095.0		 	$	(66.7	)	 	$	927.6		

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Morningstar, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

									
 	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	
 	 	 	 	 	
Operating activities	 	 	 	 		
Consolidated net income	 	$	124.4		 	$	140.6		
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash flows from operating activities:	 	 	 	 	
Depreciation and amortization	 	84.0		 	71.2		
Deferred income taxes	 	(2.8	)	 	6.5		
Stock-based compensation expense	 	33.3		 	23.9		
Provision for bad debt	 	0.6		 	2.6		
Equity in net loss of unconsolidated entities	 	1.9		 	1.6		
Gain on sale of product line	 	—			(10.5	)	
Gain on sale of equity investments	 	(19.5	)	 	(5.6	)	
Other, net	 	1.4		 	(3.3	)	
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:	 			 			
Accounts receivable	 	30.6		 	(29.1	)	
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	 	(5.0	)	 	5.9		
Accrued compensation and deferred commissions	 	(8.1	)	 	(7.6	)	
Income taxes, current	 	(6.2	)	 	(13.7	)	
Deferred revenue	 	21.0		 	21.0		
Other assets and liabilities	 	(3.7	)	 	6.0		
Cash provided by operating activities	 	251.9		 	209.5		
 	 	 	 	 	
Investing activities	 	 	 	 		
Purchases of investments	 	(28.1	)	 	(23.7	)	
Proceeds from maturities and sales of investments	 	27.8		 	22.3		
Capital expenditures	 	(57.1	)	 	(55.2	)	
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	 	(673.9	)	 	—		
Proceeds from sale of a product line	 	—		 	10.5		
Proceeds from sale of equity investments	 	17.0		 	7.9		
Purchases of equity investments	 	(1.4	)	 	(0.5	)	
Other, net	 	(0.6	)	 	(0.3	)	
Cash used for investing activities	 	(716.3	)	 	(39.0	)	
 	 	 	 	 	
Financing activities	 	 	 	 		
Common shares repurchased	 	(4.9	)	 	(10.8	)	
Dividends paid	 	(35.9	)	 	(31.9	)	
Proceeds from long-term debt	 	610.0		 	—		
Repayment of long-term debt	 	(132.8	)	 	(90.0	)	
Proceeds from stock-option exercises	 	0.1		 	0.1		
Employee taxes paid from withholding of restricted stock units	 	(12.8	)	 	(11.5	)	
Other, net	 	(0.4	)	 	(1.1	)	
Cash provided by (used for) financing activities	 	423.3		 	(145.2	)	
 	 	 	 	 	
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	 	(6.4	)	 	(10.5	)	
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	 	(47.5	)	 	14.8		
Cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period	 	369.3		 	308.2		
Cash and cash equivalents—end of period	 	$	321.8		 	$	323.0		
 	 	 	 	 	
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:	 	 	 	 		
Cash paid for income taxes	 	$	45.9		 	$	55.3		
Cash paid for interest	 	$	6.5		 	$	2.7		
Supplemental information of non-cash investing and financing activities:	 	 	 	 	
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments	 	$	2.4		 	$	(0.2	)	
 
See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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MORNINGSTAR, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
1. Basis of Presentation of Interim Financial Information
 
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Morningstar, Inc. and subsidiaries (Morningstar, we, our, the Company) have been prepared to conform to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates. In the opinion of management, the statements reflect all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary to present fairly our financial position, results of operations, equity, and cash flows. These financial statements and notes are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with our Audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2019 (our Annual Report).

The acronyms that appear in the Notes to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements refer to the following:
 
ASC: Accounting Standards Codification
ASU: Accounting Standards Update
FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board
 
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Significant changes to our accounting policies as a result of adopting ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, are discussed below. We discuss our other significant accounting policies in Note 2 of our Audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

Leases: On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires lessees to recognize almost all leases on their balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and a lease liability. Expenses are recognized in the consolidated statement of income in a manner similar to previous accounting guidance. Topic 842 originally required the use of a modified retrospective approach upon adoption. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842) - Targeted Improvements, which allows an additional transition method to adopt the new lease standard at the adoption date instead of the beginning of the earliest period presented. We elected this transition method at the adoption date of January 1, 2019.

We also chose to elect the following practical expedients upon adoption: not to reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, not to reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, not to reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases, and not to separately identify lease and nonlease components (i.e. maintenance costs) except for real estate leases. Additionally, we elected the short-term lease exemption, and are only applying the requirements of Topic 842 to long-term leases (leases greater than 1 year).

The adoption of Topic 842 resulted in the presentation of $118.8 million of operating lease assets and $145.8 million of operating lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019. At implementation, we also reclassified $27.9 million in deferred rent liabilities related to these leases, which decreased recognized operating lease assets. The new standard did not have a material impact on the statement of income. See Note 9 for additional information.

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Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income: On February 14, 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, to address a specific consequence of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the Tax Reform Act) by allowing a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Reform Act’s reduction of the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate. The new standard became effective for us on January 1, 2019 and is to be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Reform Act is recognized. We did not elect to reclassify any stranded tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings; therefore, the adoption did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Compensation—Stock Compensation: On June 20, 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) - Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which aligns the accounting for share-based payment awards issued to employees and nonemployees. Under the new standard, the existing employee guidance will apply to nonemployee share-based transactions (as long as the transaction is not effectively a form of financing), with the exception of specific guidance related to the attribution of compensation cost. The cost of nonemployee awards will continue to be recorded as if the grantor had paid cash for the goods or services. In addition, the contractual term can be used in lieu of an expected term in the option-pricing model for nonemployee awards. The new standard became effective for us on January 1, 2019 and will be applied to all new awards granted after the date of adoption. The adoption did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Codification Improvements to Investments - Debt and Equity Securities: On July 17, 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-09, Codification Improvements (ASU No. 2018-09), which modifies the disclosure requirements on debt and equity securities related to ASC 320, Investments - Debt and Equity Securities. ASU No. 2018-09 removes the requirement for these disclosures when an entity provides summarized interim financial information. The new standard became effective for us on January 1, 2019. The adoption did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted

Current Expected Credit Losses: On June 16, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASU No. 2016-13), which requires that expected credit losses relating to financial assets measured on an amortized cost basis and available-for-sale debt securities be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. ASU No. 2016-13 limits the amount of credit losses to be recognized for available-for-sale debt securities to the amount by which carrying value exceeds fair value and also requires the reversal of previously recognized credit losses if fair value increases. The new standard is effective for us on January 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. On April 25, 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, Codification Improvements (ASU No. 2019-04), which clarifies certain aspects of accounting for credit losses. On May 15, 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-05, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief (ASU No. 2019-05), which allows entities to elect the fair value option on certain financial instruments. We believe that the most notable impact of these standards may relate to our processes around the assessment of the adequacy of our allowance for doubtful accounts on accounts receivable and the recognition of credit losses. We are finalizing our evaluation of the impact of adopting ASU No. 2016-13, ASU No. 2019-04 and ASU No. 2019-05 on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement: On August 28, 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (ASU No. 2018-13), which eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements around items such as transfers between Level 1 and 2, policy of timing of transfers, and valuation process for Level 3. The new standard is effective for us on January 1, 2020. We are finalizing our evaluation of the impact of adopting ASU No. 2018-13 on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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Cloud Computing: On August 29, 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Customer's Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement (ASU No. 2018-15), which helps entities evaluate the accounting for fees paid by a customer in a cloud computing arrangement (CCA) by providing guidance for determining when an arrangement includes a software license and when an arrangement is solely a hosted CCA service. Under ASU No. 2018-15, customers will apply the same criteria for capitalizing implementation costs as they would for an arrangement that has a software license. The new guidance also prescribes the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow classification of the capitalized implementation costs and related amortization expense and requires additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures. The new standard is effective for us on January 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period for which financial statements have not been issued. Entities can choose to adopt the new guidance prospectively to eligible costs incurred on or after the date this guidance is first applied or retrospectively. We are finalizing our evaluation of the impact of adopting ASU No. 2018-15 on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

3. Credit Arrangements

Long-term debt

The following table summarizes our long-term debt as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

	
									
(in millions)	 	As of September 30, 2019	 	As of December 31, 2018	
July 2019 Term Facility, net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $1.4 million	 	$	445.8		 	$	—		
July 2019 Revolving Credit Facility	 	100.0		 	—		
Prior Revolving Credit Facility	 	—		 	70.0		
Total debt	 	$	545.8		 	$	70.0		
Less: Current portion of long-term debt, net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $0.3 million	 	11.0		 	—		
Long-term debt	 	$	534.8		 	$	70.0		

Credit Agreement
In connection with the acquisition of Ratings Acquisition Corp (DBRS) on July 2, 2019, the Company entered into a new senior credit agreement (the Credit Agreement). The Credit Agreement provides the Company with a five-year multi-currency credit facility with an initial borrowing capacity of up to $750.0 million, including a $300.0 million revolving credit facility (the Revolving Credit Facility) and a term loan facility of $450.0 million (the Term Facility). The Credit Agreement also provides for the issuance of up to $50.0 million of letters of credit and a $100.0 million sub-limit for a swingline facility under the Revolving Credit Facility. The new Credit Agreement will expire on July 2, 2024.
The interest rate applicable to any loan under the Credit Agreement is, at our option, either: (i) the applicable London interbank offered rate (LIBOR) plus an applicable margin for such loans, which ranges between 1.00% and 1.50%, based on our consolidated leverage ratio or (ii) the lender's base rate plus the applicable margin for such loans, which ranges between 0.00% and 0.50%, based on our consolidated leverage ratio.
The proceeds of the Term Facility and initial borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility were used to finance the acquisition of DBRS. The proceeds of future borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility may be used for working capital, capital expenditures and any other lawful corporate purpose.

The portions of deferred debt issuance costs related to the Revolving Credit Facility are included in other current and other non-current assets, and the portion of deferred debt issuance costs related to the Term Facility is reported as a reduction to the carrying amount of the Term Facility. Amortization of debt issuance costs is recorded as interest expense over the term of the Credit Agreement.

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Prior Revolving Credit Facility
The new Credit Agreement replaced the prior $300.0 million five-year credit facility (the Prior Revolving Credit Facility), which was scheduled to expire on December 21, 2020. The Prior Revolving Credit Facility was repaid and terminated by the Company upon execution of the Credit Agreement.

In December 2018, we amended the Prior Revolving Credit Facility to extend the maturity date to December 21, 2020 with no other changes in terms. The credit agreement provided us with a borrowing capacity of up to $300.0 million and provided for issuance of up to $25.0 million of letters of credit. The interest rate applicable to any loan under the credit agreement was, at our option, either: (i) the applicable LIBOR plus an applicable margin for such loans, which ranged between 1.00% and 1.75%, based on our consolidated leverage ratio or (ii) the lender’s base rate plus the applicable margin for such loans which ranged between 2.00% and 2.75%, based on our consolidated leverage ratio.
Compliance with Covenants
The Credit Agreement contains financial covenants under which we: (i) may not exceed a maximum consolidated leverage ratio of 3.50 to 1.00 (or 3.75 to 1.00 for the four fiscal quarters following any material acquisition (as defined in the Credit Agreement)) and (ii) are required to maintain a minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio of not less than 3.00 to 1.00. We were in compliance with the financial covenants as of September 30, 2019.

4. Acquisitions, Divestitures, Goodwill, and Other Intangible Assets

Acquisitions

On July 2, 2019, we acquired 100% of voting equity interests of DBRS for total cash consideration of $682.1 million. DBRS delivers comprehensive credit rating services and ongoing surveillance to customers in various market sectors across Europe, the U.S., and Canada. The combination of DBRS with Morningstar Credit Ratings' business (collectively, DBRS Morningstar) will expand global asset class coverage and provide investors with fixed-income analysis and research through the combined platform.
We began consolidating the financial results of this acquisition in our Consolidated Financial Statements on July 2, 2019. DBRS Morningstar contributed $49.6 million of revenue and $51.6 million of operating expense during the three-month period ended September 30, 2019. We incurred transaction-related costs of $1.1 million and $2.9 million during the third quarter and first nine months of 2019.
The transaction has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date. Morningstar was the accounting acquirer for purposes of accounting for the business combination. The values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on preliminary estimates of fair value available as of September 30, 2019, and may be adjusted during the measurement period of up to 12 months from the date of acquisition as further information becomes available. Any changes in the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed during the measurement period may result in adjustments to goodwill.
As of September 30, 2019, we completed our initial determination of the fair values of the acquired, identifiable assets and liabilities based on the information available. The primary areas that are not yet finalized due to information that may become available subsequently and may result in changes in the values assigned to various assets and liabilities include assumed current and deferred tax assets and liabilities. If additional information that existed as the time of the acquisition date becomes available within 12 months of the acquisition date, there may be adjustments to the initial fair value measurements.

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The following table summarizes our allocation of the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:

					
 	 	(in millions)	
Cash consideration transferred	 	$	682.1		
 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	 	$	8.5		
Accounts receivable	 	30.0		
Property, equipment, and capitalized software, net	 	12.9		
Intangible assets, net	 	288.2		
Goodwill	 	468.3		
Operating lease asset	 	33.5		
Other current and non-current assets	 	4.4		
Deferred revenue	 	(43.3	)	
Deferred tax liability, net	 	(65.6	)	
Operating lease liability	 	(33.5	)	
Other current and non-current liabilities	 	(21.3	)	
Total fair value of DBRS	 	$	682.1		

Accounts receivable acquired were recorded at gross contractual amounts receivable, which approximates fair value. We expect to collect substantially all of the gross contractual amounts receivable within a reasonable period of time after the acquisition date.
The preliminary allocation of the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed includes $288.2 million of acquired intangible assets, as follows:

					
 	(in millions)		Weighted average useful life
(years)	
Customer-related assets	$	223.2		10	
Technology-based assets	29.4		6	
Intellectual property (trademarks)	35.6		6	
Total intangible assets	$	288.2		 	

We recognized a preliminary net deferred tax liability of $65.6 million mainly because the amortization expense related to certain intangible assets is not deductible for income tax purposes.
Goodwill of $468.3 million represents the excess over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes.
Unaudited Pro Forma Information for DBRS Acquisition
The following unaudited pro forma information presents a summary of our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, as if we had completed the acquisition as of January 1, 2018.
This unaudited pro forma information is presented for illustrative purposes and is not intended to represent or be indicative of the actual results of operations or expected synergies of DBRS Morningstar that would have been achieved had the acquisition occurred at the beginning of the earliest period presented, nor is it intended to represent or be indicative of future results of operations.
In calculating the pro forma information below, we included an estimate of amortization expense related to the intangible assets acquired, depreciation expense due to changes in estimated remaining useful lives of long-lived assets, reduction in revenue as a result of the fair value adjustments to deferred revenue, and interest expense incurred on the long-term debt.

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Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions, except for per share amount)	2019	2018	
Revenue	$	926.8		$	880.6		
Operating income	150.6		172.4		
Net income	120.6		138.1		
 	 	 	
Basic net income per share	$	2.82		$	3.24		
Diluted net income per share	$	2.80		$	3.21		

Divestitures

During the third quarter of 2019, we divested our equity interest in one of our unconsolidated entities and recorded a gain of $19.5 million related to the sale and received $16.7 million of proceeds.

Goodwill 

The following table shows the changes in our goodwill balances from December 31, 2018 to September 30, 2019:

	
					
 	 	(in millions)	
Balance as of December 31, 2018	 	$	556.7		
Acquisition of DBRS	 	468.3		
Foreign currency translation	 	(9.2	)	
Balance as of September 30, 2019	 	$	1,015.8		

We did not record any impairment losses in the first nine months of 2019 and 2018. We perform our annual impairment reviews in the fourth quarter or when triggering events are identified.

Intangible Assets

The following table summarizes our intangible assets: 

	
																													
 	 	As of September 30, 2019	 	As of December 31, 2018	
(in millions)	 	Gross	 	Accumulated
Amortization	 	Net	 	Weighted
Average
Useful  Life
(years)	 	Gross	 	Accumulated
Amortization	 	Net	 	Weighted
Average
Useful  Life
(years)	
Intellectual property	 	$	65.7		 	$	(31.0	)	 	$	34.7		 	8	 	$	30.8		 	$	(29.2	)	 	$	1.6		 	9	
Customer-related assets	 	372.9		 	(121.3	)	 	251.6		 	11	 	153.0		 	(111.7	)	 	41.3		 	12	
Supplier relationships	 	0.2		 	(0.1	)	 	0.1		 	20	 	0.2		 	(0.1	)	 	0.1		 	20	
Technology-based assets	 	155.4		 	(106.3	)	 	49.1		 	7	 	126.9		 	(96.3	)	 	30.6		 	7	
Non-competition agreements	 	2.4		 	(2.2	)	 	0.2		 	5	 	2.4		 	(2.1	)	 	0.3		 	5	
Total intangible assets	 	$	596.6		 	$	(260.9	)	 	$	335.7		 	10	 	$	313.3		 	$	(239.4	)	 	$	73.9		 	10	

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The following table summarizes our amortization expense related to intangible assets: 

																	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	2019	 	2018	
Amortization expense	 	$	13.3		 	$	5.2		 	$	23.1		 	$	15.7		

We amortize intangible assets using the straight-line method over their expected economic useful lives.

We expect intangible amortization expense for the remainder of 2019 and subsequent years as follows:

					
 	 	(in millions)	
Remainder of 2019 (from October 1 through December 31)	 	$	10.4		
2020	 	50.6		
2021	 	47.3		
2022	 	39.4		
2023	 	39.4		
Thereafter	 	148.6		

Our estimates of future amortization expense for intangible assets may be affected by acquisitions, divestitures, changes in the estimated average useful lives, and foreign currency translation.

5. Income Per Share 

The following table shows how we reconcile our net income and the number of shares used in computing basic and diluted net income per share:

	
																	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions, except per share amounts)	 	2019	 	2018	 	2019	 	2018	
Basic net income per share:	 	 		 	 		 	 	 	 	
Consolidated net income	 	$	49.1		 	$	56.9		 	$	124.4		 	$	140.6		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Weighted average common shares outstanding	 	42.8		 	42.6		 	42.7		 	42.6		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic net income per share	 	$	1.15		 	$	1.33		 	$	2.91		 	$	3.30		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diluted net income per share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated net income	 	$	49.1		 	$	56.9		 	$	124.4		 	$	140.6		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Weighted average common shares outstanding	 	42.8		 	42.6		 	42.7		 	42.6		
Net effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units, performance share awards, and market stock units	 	0.4		 	0.5		 	0.4		 	0.4		
Weighted average common shares outstanding for computing diluted income per share	 	43.2		 	43.1		 	43.1		 	43.0		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diluted net income per share	 	$	1.14		 	$	1.32		 	$	2.89		 	$	3.27		

During the periods presented, there were no anti-dilutive restricted stock units, performance share awards, or market stock units to exclude from our calculation of diluted earnings per share.

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6. Revenue

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by revenue type. Sales and usage-based taxes are excluded from revenue.

																	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	2019	 	2018	
License-based	 	$	204.6		 	$	196.7		 	$	601.0		 	$	559.5		
Asset-based	 	54.5		 	50.5		 	155.9		 	149.9		
Transaction-based	 	54.7		 	14.1		 	89.7		 	47.8		
Consolidated revenue	 	$	313.8		 	$	261.3		 	$	846.6		 	$	757.2		

License-based performance obligations are generally satisfied over time as the customer has access to the product or service during the term of the subscription license and the level of service is consistent during the contract period. License-based agreements typically have a term of 12 to 36 months. License-based revenue is sourced from Morningstar Data, Morningstar Direct, Morningstar Advisor Workstation, PitchBook, and other similar products.

Asset-based performance obligations are satisfied over time as the customer receives continuous access to a service for the term of the contract or contract period. Asset-based arrangements typically have a term of 12 to 36 months. Asset-based fees represent variable consideration and the customer does not make separate purchasing decisions that result in additional performance obligations. Significant changes in the underlying fund assets, or significant disruptions in the market, are evaluated to determine if revisions of estimates of earned asset-based fees are needed for the current quarter. An estimate of variable consideration is included in the initial transaction price only to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of the revenue recognized will not occur. Estimates of asset-based fees are based on the most recently completed quarter, and, as a result, it is unlikely a significant reversal of revenue would occur. Asset-based revenue includes Morningstar Investment Management, Workplace Solutions, and Morningstar Indexes. For the Morningstar Funds Trust, revenue from advisory fees and expenses for sub-advisory fees are recognized on a gross basis in accordance with the applicable revenue recognition guidance.

Transaction-based performance obligations are satisfied when the product or service is completed or delivered. Transaction-based revenue includes DBRS Morningstar, Internet Advertising Sales, and conferences. DBRS Morningstar may include surveillance services, which are recognized over time, as the customer has access to the service during the surveillance period.

Contract liabilities

Our contract liabilities represent deferred revenue. We record contract liabilities when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance, including amounts which are refundable. The contract liabilities balance as of September 30, 2019 had a net increase of $62.0 million, primarily driven by cash payments received or due in advance of satisfying our performance obligations. We recognized $187.4 million of revenue in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2019 that was included in the contract liabilities balance as of December 31, 2018.

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We expect to recognize revenue related to our contract liabilities for the remainder of 2019 and subsequent years as follows:

					
(in millions)	 	As of September 30, 2019	
Remainder of 2019 (from October 1 through December 31)	 	$	157.6		
2020	 	276.7		
2021	 	79.9		
2022	 	32.3		
2023	 	13.5		
Thereafter	 	58.5		
 	 	$	618.5		

The aggregate amount of revenue we expect to recognize for the remainder of 2019 and subsequent years is higher than our contract liability balance of $272.0 million as of September 30, 2019. The difference represents the value of future obligations for signed contracts where we have not yet begun to satisfy the performance obligations or have partially satisfied performance obligations.

The table above does not include variable consideration for unsatisfied performance obligations related to certain of our asset-based and transaction-based contracts as of September 30, 2019. We are applying the optional exemption as the variable consideration relates to these unsatisfied performance obligations being fulfilled as a series. The performance obligations related to these contracts are expected to be satisfied over the next 12 to 36 months as services are provided to the client. For license-based contracts, the consideration received for services performed is based on future user count, which will be known at the time the services are performed. The variable consideration for this revenue can be affected by the number of user licenses. For asset-based contracts, the consideration received for services performed is based on future asset values, which will be known at the time the services are performed. The variable consideration for this revenue can be affected by changes in the underlying value of fund assets due to client redemptions, additional investments, or significant movements in the market. For transaction-based contracts, such as internet advertising, the consideration received for services performed is based on the number of impressions, which will be known once impressions are created. The variable consideration for this revenue can be affected by the timing and quantity of impressions in any given period.

The table above does not include revenue for unsatisfied performance obligations related to certain of our license-based and transaction-based contracts as of September 30, 2019. We are applying the optional exemption as the performance obligations for such contracts have an expected duration of one year or less. For certain license-based contracts, the remaining performance obligation is expected to be less than one year based on the corresponding subscription terms. For transaction-based contracts, such as new credit rating issuances and conferences, the related performance obligations are expected to be satisfied within the next 12 months.

Contract Assets

Our contract assets represent accounts receivable, less allowance and deferred commissions. We did not record any impairment losses on receivables or deferred commissions in the first nine months of 2019.

The following table summarizes our contract assets balance:

	
									
(in millions)	 	As of September 30, 2019	 	As of December 31, 2018	
Accounts receivable, less allowance	 	$	168.0		 	$	172.2		
Deferred commissions	 	15.8		 	14.8		
Deferred commissions, non-current	 	11.7		 	10.3		
Total contract assets	 	$	195.5		 	$	197.3		

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The following table shows the change in our deferred commissions balance from December 31, 2018 to September 30, 2019:

	
					
 	 	(in millions)	
Balance as of December 31, 2018	 	$	25.1		
Commissions earned and capitalized	 	16.9		
Amortization of capitalized amounts	 	(14.5	)	
Balance as of September 30, 2019	 	$	27.5		

7. Segment and Geographical Area Information
 
Segment Information

We report our results in a single reportable segment, which reflects how our chief operating decision maker allocates resources and evaluates our financial results. As a result of our acquisition of DBRS, we evaluated our single reportable segment and determined the acquisition had no impact on our segment reporting. Because we have a single reportable segment, all required financial segment information can be found directly in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The accounting policies for our reportable segment are the same as those described in “Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” included in the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in our Annual Report. We evaluate the performance of our reporting segment based on revenue and operating income.

Geographical Area Information

The tables below summarize our revenue and long-lived assets, which includes property, equipment, and capitalized software, net and operating lease assets, by geographical area:

	
																	
Revenue by geographical area	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	2019	 	2018	
United States	 	$	225.3		 	$	198.7		 	$	628.4		 	$	566.0		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
United Kingdom	 	27.0		 	17.9		 	63.9		 	54.6		
Continental Europe	 	22.3		 	20.1		 	63.6		 	60.3		
Australia	 	9.7		 	9.9		 	29.2		 	31.2		
Canada	 	20.7		 	7.4		 	36.4		 	22.6		
Asia	 	7.3		 	5.9		 	20.4		 	18.1		
Other	 	1.5		 	1.4		 	4.7		 	4.4		
Total International	 	88.5		 	62.6		 	218.2		 	191.2		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated revenue	 	$	313.8		 	$	261.3		 	$	846.6		 	$	757.2		

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Property, equipment, and capitalized software, net by geographical area	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	
(in millions)	 	As of September 30, 2019	 	As of December 31, 2018	
United States	 	$	129.4		 	$	126.4		
 	 	 	 	 	
United Kingdom	 	5.5		 	3.8		
Continental Europe	 	2.1		 	1.3		
Australia	 	4.2		 	5.0		
Canada	 	2.8		 	0.3		
Asia	 	6.9		 	6.5		
Other	 	0.6		 	0.2		
Total International	 	22.1		 	17.1		
 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated property, equipment, and capitalized software, net	 	$	151.5		 	$	143.5		

	
									
Operating lease assets by geographical area	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	
(in millions)	 	As of September 30, 2019	 	As of December 31, 2018	
United States	 	$	81.8		 	$	—		
 	 	 	 	 	
United Kingdom	 	12.4		 	—		
Continental Europe	 	7.5		 	—		
Australia	 	5.9		 	—		
Canada	 	7.7		 	—		
Asia	 	22.2		 	—		
Other	 	0.7		 	—		
Total International	 	56.4		 	—		
 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated operating lease assets	 	$	138.2		 	$	—		

As of December 31, 2018, there were no operating lease assets on the balance sheet as Topic 842 became effective for the Company on January 1, 2019.

The long-lived assets by geographical area do not include deferred commissions, non-current, as the balance is not significant.

8. Fair Value Measurements

As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, our investment balances totaled $31.0 million and $26.6 million, respectively. We classify our investments into three categories: available-for-sale, held-to-maturity, and trading securities. Our investment portfolio consists of stocks, bonds, options, mutual funds, money market funds, or exchange-traded products that replicate the model portfolios and strategies created by Morningstar. These investment accounts may also include exchange-traded products where Morningstar is an index provider. All investments in our investment portfolio have valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access, and, therefore, are classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy.

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9. Leases

We lease office space and certain equipment under various operating and finance leases, with the majority of our lease portfolio consisting of operating leases for office space.

We determine whether an arrangement is or includes an embedded lease at contract inception. Operating lease assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date and initially measured using the present value of lease payments over the defined lease term. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For finance leases, we also recognize a finance lease asset and finance lease liability at inception, with lease expense recognized as interest expense and amortization.

A contract is or contains an embedded lease if the contract meets all of the below criteria:

•	There is an identified asset;	
		
•	We obtain substantially all of the economic benefits of the asset; and	
		
•	We have the right to direct the use of the asset.	

For initial measurement of the present value of lease payments and for subsequent measurement of lease modifications, we are required to use the rate implicit in the lease. However, most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate; therefore, we use our incremental borrowing rate, which is a collateralized rate. To apply the incremental borrowing rate, we used a portfolio approach and grouped leases based on similar lease terms in a manner whereby we reasonably expect that the application does not differ materially from a lease-by-lease approach.

Our leases have remaining lease terms of approximately 1 year to 14 years, which may include the option to extend the lease when it is reasonably certain we will exercise that option. We do not have lease agreements with residual value guarantees, sale leaseback terms, or material restrictive covenants.

Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recognized on the balance sheet. We recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The following table summarizes our operating assets and lease liabilities:

							
Leases (in millions)	 	Balance Sheet Classification	 	As of September 30, 2019	
Assets	 	 	 	 	
Operating	 	Operating lease assets	 	$	138.2		
 	 	 	 	 	
Liabilities	 	 	 	 	
Current	 	 	 	 	
Operating	 	Operating lease liabilities	 	$	33.3		
Non-current	 	 	 	 	
Operating	 	Operating lease liabilities, non-current	 	132.3		
Total lease liabilities	 	 	 	$	165.6		

Our operating lease expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $9.1 million and $24.9 million, respectively. Charges related to our operating leases that are variable and, therefore, not included in the measurement of the lease liabilities, were $3.7 million and $9.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. We made lease payments of $7.0 million and $21.4 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.

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The following table summarizes our minimum future lease commitments due in each of the next five years and thereafter for operating leases:

	
					
Minimum Future Lease Commitments (in millions)	 	Operating Leases	
Remainder of 2019 (October 1 through December 31)	 	$	9.6		
2020	 	39.7		
2021	 	35.9		
2022	 	23.2		
2023	 	19.7		
Thereafter	 	63.2		
Total lease payments	 	191.3		
Adjustment for discount to present value	 	25.7		
Total	 	$	165.6		

As of September 30, 2019, we had $22.8 million of executed operating leases included in the table above, primarily for office space, that have not yet commenced. These leases will commence over the remainder of 2019 and 2020 with lease terms of 9 years to 10 years.

The following table summarizes the weighted-average lease terms and weighted-average discount rates for our operating leases:

	
				
 	 	As of September 30, 2019	
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)	 	6.60		
 	 	 	
Weighted-average discount rate	 	4.1	%	

10. Stock-Based Compensation
 
Stock-Based Compensation Plans
 
All of our employees and our non-employee directors are eligible for awards under the Morningstar 2011 Stock Incentive Plan, which provides for a variety of stock-based awards, including stock options, restricted stock units, performance share awards, market stock units, and restricted stock.

The following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense included in each of our operating expense categories:

																	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	2019	 	2018	
Cost of revenue	 	$	3.2		 	$	3.1		 	$	10.0		 	$	9.0		
Sales and marketing	 	1.4		 	0.8		 	4.2		 	2.5		
General and administrative	 	6.2		 	3.4		 	19.1		 	12.4		
Total stock-based compensation expense	 	$	10.8		 	$	7.3		 	$	33.3		 	$	23.9		

As of September 30, 2019, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to outstanding restricted stock units, performance share awards, and market stock units expected to vest was $47.4 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average period of 28 months.

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11. Income Taxes

Effective Tax Rate

The following table shows our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018:

	
																	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	2019	 	2018	
Income before income taxes and equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated entities	 	$	63.5		 	$	72.7		 	$	162.8		 	$	184.5		
Equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated entities	 	(1.1	)	 	0.3		 	(1.9	)	 	(1.6	)	
Total	 	$	62.4		 	$	73.0		 	$	160.9		 	$	182.9		
Income tax expense	 	$	13.3		 	$	16.1		 	$	36.5		 	$	42.3		
Effective tax rate	 	21.3	%	 	22.1	%	 	22.7	%	 	23.1	%	

Our effective tax rate in the third quarter and first nine months of 2019 was 21.3% and 22.7%, reflecting nominal decreases compared with the same periods in the prior year. 

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The table below provides information regarding our gross unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as well as the effect these gross unrecognized tax benefits would have on our income tax expense, if they were recognized.

									
(in millions)	 	As of September 30, 2019	 	As of December 31, 2018	
Gross unrecognized tax benefits	 	$	12.6		 	$	13.1		
Gross unrecognized tax benefits that would affect income tax expense	 	12.6		 	13.1		
Decrease in income tax expense upon recognition of gross unrecognized tax benefits	 	12.4		 	12.6		

The table below summarizes our liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. These amounts include interest and penalties, less any associated tax benefits.

	
									
Liabilities for Unrecognized Tax Benefits (in millions)	 	As of September 30, 2019	 	As of December 31, 2018	
Current liability	 	$	9.5		 	$	6.6		
Non-current liability	 	4.2		 	7.1		
Total liability for unrecognized tax benefits	 	$	13.7		 	$	13.7		

Because we conduct business globally, we file income tax returns in United States (U.S.) federal, state, local, and foreign jurisdictions. We are currently under audit by federal and various state and local tax authorities in the U.S., as well as tax authorities in certain non-U.S. jurisdictions. It is possible that the examination phase of some of our current audits will conclude in 2019. It is not possible to reasonably estimate the effect of current audits on previously recorded unrecognized tax benefits.

Approximately 72% of our cash, cash equivalents, and investments balance as of September 30, 2019 was held by our operations outside of the U.S. In February 2019, we repatriated approximately $45.8 million of our foreign earnings back to the U.S. Otherwise, we generally consider our U.S. directly-owned foreign subsidiary earnings to be permanently reinvested. We believe that our cash balances and investments in the U.S., along with cash generated from our U.S. operations, will be sufficient to meet our U.S. operating and cash needs for the foreseeable future, without requiring additional repatriation of earnings from these foreign subsidiaries.

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Certain of our non-U.S. operations have incurred net operating losses (NOLs), which may become deductible to the extent these operations become profitable. For each of our operations, we evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the tax benefits related to NOLs will be realized. As part of this evaluation, we consider evidence such as tax planning strategies, historical operating results, forecasted taxable income, and recent financial performance. In the year that certain non-U.S. operations record a loss, we do not recognize a corresponding tax benefit, which would result in an increase to our effective tax rate. Upon determining that it is more likely than not that the NOLs will be realized, we reduce the tax valuation allowances related to these NOLs, which results in a reduction to our income tax expense and our effective tax rate in the period.

12. Contingencies

We record accrued liabilities for litigation, regulatory, and other business matters when those matters represent loss contingencies that are both probable and estimable. In these cases, there may be an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts accrued. When a loss contingency is not both probable and estimable, we do not establish an accrued liability. As litigation, regulatory, or other business matters develop, we evaluate whether any such matter presents a loss contingency that is probable and estimable on an ongoing basis.

Data Audits and Reviews
In our global data business, we include in our products, or directly redistribute to our customers, data and information licensed from third-party vendors. Our compliance with the terms of these licenses is subject to audit by the third-party vendors, and we also regularly review our compliance with the terms of the licenses. We are undergoing several such third-party vendor audits and internal reviews, and the results and findings may indicate that we may be required to make a payment for prior data usage. Due to a variety of factors, including lack of available information and data, the unique nature of each audit and internal review, as well as potential variations of the audit or internal review findings, we are not able to reasonably estimate a possible loss, or range of losses, for some matters. While we cannot predict the outcomes, we do not believe the results of any audits will have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, or financial position.
 
Other Matters
We are involved from time to time in legal proceedings and litigation that arise in the normal course of our business. While it is difficult to predict the outcome of any particular proceeding, we do not believe it to be reasonably possible for the result of any of these matters to have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, or financial position.

13. Share Repurchase Program
 
In December 2017, the board of directors approved a share repurchase program that authorizes the Company to repurchase up to $500.0 million in shares of the Company's outstanding common stock effective January 1, 2018. The authorization expires on December 31, 2020. We may repurchase shares from time to time at prevailing market prices on the open market or in private transactions in amounts that we deem appropriate.

As of September 30, 2019, we repurchased a total of 244,180 shares for $25.6 million under this authorization, leaving approximately $474.4 million available for future repurchases.

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	
 
The discussion included in this section, as well as other sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this Quarterly Report), contains forward-looking statements as that term is used in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based on our current expectations about future events, including the integration of DBRS Morningstar, or future financial performance. Forward-looking statements by their nature address matters that are, to different degrees, uncertain, and often contain words such as “may,” “could,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue.” These statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that may cause the events we discuss not to occur or to differ significantly from what we expect. For us, these risks and uncertainties include, among others:

•	liability for any losses that result from an actual or claimed breach of our fiduciary duties;	
		
•	failing to maintain and protect our brand, independence, and reputation;	
		
•	failing to differentiate our products and continuously create innovative, proprietary research tools;	

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•	liability related to the storage of personal information related to individuals as well as portfolio and account-level information;	
		
•	inadequacy of our business continuity program in the event of a material emergency or adverse political or regulatory developments;	
		
•	failing to respond to technological change, keep pace with new technology developments, or adopt a successful technology strategy;	
		
•	trends in the asset management industry, including the decreasing popularity of actively managed investment vehicles and increased industry consolidation;	
		
•	an outage of our database, technology-based products and services, or network facilities or the movement of parts of our technology infrastructure to the public cloud;	
		
•	compliance failures, regulatory action, or changes in laws applicable to our investment advisory or credit rating operations;	
		
•	volatility in the financial sector, global financial markets, and global economy and its effect on our revenue from asset-based fees and credit ratings business;	
		
•	the failure of acquisitions and other investments to be efficiently integrated and produce the results we anticipate;	
		
•	the failure to recruit, develop, and retain qualified employees;	
		
•	challenges faced by our non-U.S. operations, including the concentration of data and development work at our offshore facilities in China and India;	
		
•	liability relating to the acquisition or redistribution of data or information we acquire or errors included therein; and	
		
•	the failure to protect our intellectual property rights or claims of intellectual property infringement against us.	

A more complete description of these risks and uncertainties can be found in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (our Annual Report). If any of these risks and uncertainties materialize, our actual future results may vary significantly from what we expect. We do not undertake to update our forward-looking statements as a result of new information or future events.

All dollar and percentage comparisons, which are often accompanied by words such as “increase,” “decrease,” “grew,” “declined,” “was up,” “was down,” “was flat,” or “was similar” refer to a comparison with the same period in the previous year unless otherwise stated. 

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Understanding our Company
 
Our Business

Our mission is to empower investor success. The investing ecosystem is complex and navigating it with confidence requires a trusted, independent voice. Our perspective is delivered to institutions, advisors, and individuals with a single-minded purpose: to empower every investor with the conviction that he or she can make better-informed decisions and realize success on his or her own terms.

We deliver insights and experiences to clients that are essential to investing. Proprietary data sets, meaningful analytics, independent research and effective investment strategies are at the core of the powerful digital solutions that investors rely on. We generate revenue through products and services in three major categories:

•	Subscriptions and license agreements, which typically generate recurring revenue;	
		
•	Asset-based fees for our investment management business; and	
		
•	Transaction-based revenue for products that involve primarily one-time, non-recurring revenue.	

Industry Trends

Global equity markets experienced heightened volatility in the third quarter of 2019 on falling interest rates and increased concern over global trade wars; however, the Morningstar Global Markets Index, which contains stocks from 47 developed and emerging markets, represented little change from where the third quarter began. The Morningstar U.S. Market Index rose 1.3% in the third quarter as compared with a 1.5% decline in the Global Ex-U.S. Index. Morningstar’s Developed Markets Ex-U.S. Index decreased approximately 0.7% in the third quarter of 2019, while the Emerging Markets Index finished the same period down 3.9%.

U.S. fund assets, comprised of both long-term open-end and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), totaled $19.5 trillion as of September 30, 2019, compared with $19.0 trillion as of September 30, 2018. The U.S. ETF industry benefited from strong investor inflows, ending the third quarter of 2019 with about $4.1 trillion in assets under management, up from $3.7 trillion at the end of September 2018. Assets in U.S. long-term open-end funds also increased to $15.4 trillion as of September 30, 2019 from $15.3 trillion as of September 30, 2018. In the third quarter of 2019, investors continued to favor lower-cost, passively managed vehicles, as passively managed funds, including open-end funds and ETFs, attracted $78.6 billion of inflows over the three-month period compared with about $23.9 billion of outflows for actively managed funds. Morningstar estimates that investors added $59.2 billion to passively managed ETFs during the second quarter of 2019, while passively managed long-term open-end funds collected about $19.4 billion of inflows.

The fixed-income market generated relatively strong returns in the third quarter driven mainly by the continued decrease in interest rates, which pushed bond prices higher across the board. The Morningstar U.S. Core Bond Index, the broadest measure of the fixed-income universe, rose by 2.3%. The Morningstar U.S. Corporate Bond Index, which is a proxy for the investment-grade market, rose 3.0%. Despite robust returns year-to-date, Morningstar’s Emerging Market Composite Index rose only 1.4%, as economic weakness in Asia and the strong dollar combined to form a strong headwind for emerging market bonds throughout the third quarter.

Total U.S. venture capital (VC) investment reached $96.7 billion through the first three quarters, which puts 2019 on pace to be the second-highest year for VC investment behind record totals in 2018. Despite some high-profile setbacks in the IPO market, total exit value for 2019 is already at an all-time high of more than $200 billion. Fewer VC funds are being closed and 15 mega-funds have been raised YTD, with more on the horizon, laying the foundation for strong VC activity in the coming quarters.

The U.S. private equity (PE) industry is also experiencing another robust year in 2019 with activity approximately matching the figures posted through the first three quarters of 2018. On the year, PE activity reached nearly 4,000 deals and eclipsed half a trillion dollars in value. PE-backed exits, meanwhile, are experiencing a downturn as corporates are less willing to spend amidst economic uncertainty and the IPO market has been mixed. 2019 year-to-date fundraising nearly matches 2018’s full-year figures with a quarter remaining.

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Supplemental Operating Metrics (Unaudited)

The tables below summarize our key product metrics and other supplemental data.

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 	 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	
Revenue by type (1)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
License-based (2)	 	$	204.6		 	$	196.7		 	4.0	 %	 	$	601.0		 	$	559.5		 	7.4	 %	
Asset-based (3)	 	54.5		 	50.5		 	7.9	 %	 	155.9		 	149.9		 	4.0	 %	
Transaction-based (4)	 	54.7		 	14.1		 	287.9	 %	 	89.7		 	47.8		 	87.7	 %	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Key product area revenue (1)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Morningstar Data	 	$	48.9		 	$	46.5		 	5.2	 %	 	$	146.3		 	$	137.6		 	6.3	 %	
Morningstar Direct	 	37.4		 	34.4		 	8.7	 %	 	110.5		 	102.5		 	7.8	 %	
PitchBook	 	38.7		 	25.3		 	53.0	 %	 	106.1		 	70.0		 	51.6	 %	
Morningstar Investment Management	 	29.8		 	27.9		 	6.8	 %	 	85.3		 	83.9		 	1.7	 %	
DBRS Morningstar (5)	 	49.6		 	8.6		 	476.7	 %	 	69.7		 	24.6		 	183.3	 %	
Morningstar Advisor Workstation	 	22.2		 	23.6		 	(5.9	)%	 	66.8		 	68.2		 	(2.1	)%	
Workplace Solutions	 	20.0		 	19.1		 	4.7	 %	 	58.2		 	56.0		 	3.9	 %	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	As of September 30,	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Select business metrics	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Morningstar Direct licenses	 	15,660		 	14,751		 	6.2	 %	 	 	 	 	 	 	
PitchBook Platform licenses	 	32,587		 	20,195		 	61.4	 %	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Advisor Workstation clients (U.S.)	 	167		 	180		 	(7.2	)%	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Morningstar.com Premium Membership subscriptions (U.S.)	 	111,424		 	117,340		 	(5.0	)%	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Assets under management and advisement (approximate) ($bil)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Workplace Solutions	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Managed Accounts	 	$	65.5		 	$	63.1		 	3.8	 %	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Fiduciary Services	 	47.5		 	43.1		 	10.2	 %	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Custom Models	 	34.3		 	29.5		 	16.3	 %	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Workplace Solutions (total)	 	$	147.3		 	$	135.7		 	8.5	 %	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Investment Management	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Morningstar Managed Portfolios	 	$	45.9		 	$	45.6		 	0.7	 %	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Institutional Asset Management	 	16.0		 	16.0		 	—	 %	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Asset Allocation Services	 	7.7		 	10.6		 	(27.4	)%	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	Investment Management (total)	 	$	69.6		 	$	72.2		 	(3.6	)%	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Asset value linked to Morningstar Indexes ($bil)	 	64.0		 	45.4		 	41.0	 %	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
 	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	
Average assets under management and advisement ($bil)	 	$	216.9		 	$	205.5		 	5.5	 %	 	$	209.3		 	$	201.9		 	3.7	 %	
__________________________________________________________________________________________

(1) Key product area revenue and revenue by type includes the effect of foreign currency translation.

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(2) License-based revenue includes Morningstar Data, Morningstar Direct, Morningstar Advisor Workstation, PitchBook, and other similar products. Excluding the non-recurring revenue benefit from a $10.5 million license fee related to an amended license agreement included in the prior period results, license-based revenue grew 9.9% and 9.5% during the third quarter and first nine months of 2019, respectively.

(3) Asset-based revenue includes Morningstar Investment Management, Workplace Solutions, and Morningstar Indexes.

(4) Transaction-based revenue includes DBRS Morningstar, internet advertising sales, and conferences.

(5) Revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 reflects Morningstar Credit Ratings. Revenue for the first six months of 2019 includes revenue from Morningstar Credit Ratings only, while revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2019 reflects DBRS Morningstar.

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Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 vs. Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
 
Consolidated Results

	
																								
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	 	
Key Metrics (in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	
Consolidated revenue	 	$	313.8		 	$	261.3		 	20.1	 %	 	$	846.6		 	$	757.2		 	11.8	 %	 	
Operating income	 	49.6		 	65.4		 	(24.2	)%	 	149.9		 	166.5		 	(10.0	)%	 	
Operating margin	 	15.8	%	 	25.0	%	 	(9.2	)	pp	17.7	%	 	22.0	%	 	(4.3	)	pp	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash provided by operating activities	 	$	105.7		 	$	79.8		 	32.5	 %	 	$	251.9		 	$	209.5		 	20.2	 %	 	
Capital expenditures	 	(20.1	)	 	(19.6	)	 	2.6	 %	 	(57.1	)	 	(55.2	)	 	3.4	 %	 	
Free cash flow	 	$	85.6		 	$	60.2		 	42.2	 %	 	$	194.8		 	$	154.3		 	26.2	 %	 	
___________________________________________________________________________________________
pp — percentage points

To supplement our consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), we use the following non-GAAP measures:

•	organic revenue - consolidated revenue excluding acquisitions, divestitures, adoption of accounting changes, and the effect of foreign currency translations;	
		
•	international organic revenue - consolidated international revenue excluding acquisitions, divestitures, adoption of accounting changes, and the effect of foreign currency translations;	
		
•	adjusted operating income - consolidated operating income excluding acquisition-related amortization and integration expenses;	
		
•	adjusted operating margin - consolidated operating margin excluding acquisition-related amortization and integration expenses; and	
		
•	free cash flow - cash provided by or used for operating activities less capital expenditures.	

These non-GAAP measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies and should not be considered an alternative to any measure of performance as promulgated under GAAP.

We present organic revenue and international organic revenue because we believe these non-GAAP measures help investors better compare period-over-period results.

We present adjusted operating income and adjusted operating margin to show the effect of the DBRS acquisition, better reflect period-over-period comparisons, and improve overall understanding of the underlying performance of the business absent the impact of the DBRS acquisition.

We present free cash flow solely as supplemental disclosure to help investors better understand the level of cash available after capital expenditures. Our management team uses free cash flow to evaluate our business.

Consolidated Revenue

	
																							
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	
Consolidated revenue	 	$	313.8		 	$	261.3		 	20.1	%	 	$	846.6		 	$	757.2		 	11.8	%	

In the third quarter of 2019, consolidated revenue increased 20.1% to $313.8 million. Foreign currency movements had a negative impact in the quarter, reducing revenue by approximately $2.6 million.

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License-based revenue grew 4.0% during the third quarter of 2019, driven by demand for PitchBook, Morningstar Direct, and Morningstar Data. PitchBook exhibited strong levels of both new account sales as well as existing client renewals and upgrades, which resulted in an increase in revenue of $13.4 million during the quarter. Strong contributions from international markets helped to drive revenue growth of $3.0 million and $2.4 million for both Morningstar Direct and Morningstar Data, respectively. During the third quarter of 2018, licensed-based revenue included a $10.5 million license fee related to an amended license agreement that did not recur in the third quarter of 2019.

Asset-based revenue increased 7.9% during the third quarter of 2019 supported by positive equity market performance. Average assets under management and advisement (calculated based on available average quarterly or monthly data) were approximately $216.9 billion in the third quarter of 2019 compared with $205.5 billion in the third quarter of 2018.

Morningstar Investment Management revenue increased $1.9 million during the third quarter, primarily driven by the gross revenue contribution from the Morningstar Funds Trust of $2.9 million, which offset ongoing fee compression resulting from a shift in the asset mix toward lower-fee strategies. Revenue from Workplace Solutions increased $0.9 million during the quarter due to asset growth in custom models and fiduciary services. Total assets linked to Morningstar Indexes grew 41.0% over the prior year period, which contributed to revenue growth.

Transaction-based revenue nearly tripled during the third quarter of 2019, driven by the $41.0 million revenue contribution of the newly combined credit ratings operation, DBRS Morningstar. Excluding the impact of the combined credit ratings contribution, transaction-based revenue declined 8.1% due to decreases in advertising revenue on Morningstar.com, which declined 10.5% in the third quarter of 2019.

For the first nine months of 2019, consolidated revenue was up 11.8% to $846.6 million, compared with $757.2 million in the same period of 2018. Foreign currency movements had a negative effect in the first nine months of 2019, reducing revenue by approximately $11.1 million.

License-based revenue grew 7.4% during the first nine months of 2019 driven by PitchBook, Morningstar Data, and Morningstar Direct. Revenue from PitchBook, Morningstar Data, and Morningstar Direct increased $36.1 million, $8.7 million, and $8.0 million, respectively, due to the same factors listed above. Licensed-based revenue for the first nine months of 2018 also included a $10.5 million license fee related to an amended license agreement that did not recur in the first nine months of 2019.

Asset-based revenue increased 4.0% during the first nine months of 2019, primarily driven by Morningstar Managed Portfolios, Morningstar Indexes, and Workplace Solutions. Morningstar Managed Portfolios revenue increased $4.1 million, primarily driven by the gross revenue contribution of Morningstar Funds Trust of $6.3 million, which was offset by a shift in the asset mix toward lower fee strategies. Revenue from Morningstar Indexes increased $2.5 million, driven by the same factors described above. Workplace Solutions revenue increased $2.2 million due primarily to growth in custom models and fiduciary services. Average assets under management and advisement were approximately $209.3 billion in the first nine months of 2019 compared with $201.9 billion in the first nine months of 2018.

Transaction-based revenue grew 87.7% during the first nine months of 2019 from the $45.1 million revenue contribution of DBRS Morningstar. Excluding the impact of the combined credit ratings operations, transaction-based revenue declined 13.7% due to decreases in advertising revenue on Morningstar.com, which declined 16.9% in the first nine months of 2019.

Organic revenue

To allow for more meaningful comparisons of our results in different periods, we provide information about organic revenue, which reflects our underlying business excluding acquisitions, divestitures, adoption of accounting changes, and the effect of foreign currency translations. We exclude revenue from acquired businesses from our organic revenue growth calculation for a period of 12 months after we complete the acquisition. For divestitures, we exclude revenue in the prior period for which there is no comparable revenue in the current period.

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The table below reconciles consolidated revenue to organic revenue:

	
																							
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	
Consolidated revenue	 	$	313.8		 	$	261.3		 	20.1	%	 	$	846.6		 	$	757.2		 	11.8	%	
Less: acquisitions	 	(49.6	)	 	(8.6	)	 	476.7	%	 	(49.6	)	 	(8.6	)	 	476.7	%	
Less: divestitures	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		
Less: adoption of accounting changes (1)	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		 	—		
Effect of foreign currency translations	 	2.6		 	—		 	NMF		 	11.1		 	—		 	NMF		
Organic revenue	 	$	266.8		 	$	252.7		 	5.6	%	 	$	808.1		 	$	748.6		 	7.9	%	
___________________________________________________________________________________________
NMF - not meaningful

(1) On January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which had no impact on timing and recognition of revenue. See Note 2 and Note 9 of the Notes to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Excluding revenue from DBRS Morningstar and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency translations, organic revenue increased 5.6% and 7.9% during the third quarter of 2019 and the first nine months of 2019, respectively.

The combination of DBRS and Morningstar’s U.S.-based credit ratings operations makes it difficult to ascribe the origin of revenue growth to either entity. As such, revenue from the entire credit ratings operation will be excluded from the reporting of organic revenue growth through the second quarter of 2020. Prior periods results have been adjusted to conform to this presentation. PitchBook, Morningstar Data, and Morningstar Direct were the main drivers of the increase in organic revenue during both periods.

Revenue by region

																							
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	
United States	 	$	225.3		 	$	198.7		 	13.4	 %	 	$	628.4		 	$	566.0		 	11.0	 %	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
United Kingdom	 	27.0		 	17.9		 	50.8	 %	 	63.9		 	54.6		 	17.0	 %	
Continental Europe	 	22.3		 	20.1		 	10.9	 %	 	63.6		 	60.3		 	5.5	 %	
Australia	 	9.7		 	9.9		 	(2.0	)%	 	29.2		 	31.2		 	(6.4	)%	
Canada	 	20.7		 	7.4		 	179.7	 %	 	36.4		 	22.6		 	61.1	 %	
Asia	 	7.3		 	5.9		 	23.7	 %	 	20.4		 	18.1		 	12.7	 %	
Other	 	1.5		 	1.4		 	7.1	 %	 	4.7		 	4.4		 	6.8	 %	
Total International	 	88.5		 	62.6		 	41.4	 %	 	218.2		 	191.2		 	14.1	 %	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Consolidated revenue	 	$	313.8		 	$	261.3		 	20.1	 %	 	$	846.6		 	$	757.2		 	11.8	 %	

International revenue comprised approximately 25% of our consolidated revenue in both the third quarter and first nine months of 2019 and 2018. Approximately 60% is generated by continental Europe and the U.K., with most of the remainder from Canada, Australia, and Asia.

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The table below presents a reconciliation from international revenue to international organic revenue (international revenue excluding acquisitions, divestitures, adoption of accounting changes and the effect of foreign currency translations):

	
																							
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	
International revenue	 	$	88.5		 	$	62.6		 	41.4	%	 	$	218.2		 	$	191.2		 	14.1	%	
Less: acquisitions	 	(23.2	)	 	—		 	NMF		 	(23.2	)	 	—		 	NMF		
Less: divestitures	 	—		 	—		 	—	%	 	—		 	—		 	—	%	
Less: adoption of accounting changes	 	—		 	—		 	—	%	 	—		 	—		 	—	%	
Effect of foreign currency translations	 	2.6		 	—		 	NMF		 	11.1		 	—		 	NMF		
International organic revenue	 	$	67.9		 	$	62.6		 	8.5	%	 	$	206.1		 	$	191.2		 	7.8	%	

Revenue from international operations was up 41.4% and 14.1% in the third quarter of 2019 and first nine months of 2019, respectively, primarily as a result of our acquisition of DBRS, which has a significant revenue base in Canada, the U.K., and Continental Europe. International organic revenue increased 8.5% and 7.8% during the third quarter and first nine months of 2019, respectively, primarily due to Morningstar Data and Morningstar Direct.

Consolidated Operating Expense

	
																								
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	 	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	
Cost of revenue	 	$	128.4		 	$	100.0		 	28.4	%	 	$	341.0		 	$	302.2		 	12.8	%	 	
  % of consolidated revenue	 	40.9	%	 	38.3	%	 	2.6		pp	40.3	%	 	39.9	%	 	0.4		pp	
Sales and marketing	 	44.0		 	35.8		 	22.9	%	 	129.7		 	113.7		 	14.1	%	 	
  % of consolidated revenue	 	14.0	%	 	13.7	%	 	0.3		pp	15.3	%	 	15.0	%	 	0.3		pp	
General and administrative	 	57.2		 	35.4		 	61.6	%	 	142.0		 	103.6		 	37.1	%	 	
  % of consolidated revenue	 	18.2	%	 	13.4	%	 	4.8		pp	16.8	%	 	13.7	%	 	3.1		pp	
Depreciation and amortization	 	34.6		 	24.7		 	40.1	%	 	84.0		 	71.2		 	18.0	%	 	
  % of consolidated revenue	 	11.0	%	 	9.5	%	 	1.5		pp	9.9	%	 	9.4	%	 	0.5		pp	
Total operating expense	 	$	264.2		 	$	195.9		 	34.9	%	 	$	696.7		 	$	590.7		 	17.9	%	 	
  % of consolidated revenue	 	84.2	%	 	75.0	%	 	9.2		pp	82.3	%	 	78.0	%	 	4.3		pp	
 
Consolidated operating expense increased $68.3 million, or 34.9%, in the third quarter of 2019 and $106.0 million, or 17.9%, in the first nine months of 2019. DBRS Morningstar contributed 19.9% to operating expense growth, including acquisition-related amortization and integration expenses. Operating expenses for the remainder of Morningstar increased 15.0% as we continue to invest for growth in the business. Foreign currency translations had a favorable impact of $2.2 million and $10.2 million on operating expense during the third quarter and first nine months of 2019, respectively.

Compensation expense (which primarily consists of salaries, bonus, and other company-sponsored benefits) increased $32.9 million in the third quarter of 2019. The majority of this increase reflects investments in headcount related to roles in data collection and analysis, product and software development, and sales and service support as well as the addition of approximately 502 employees from the DBRS acquisition. Amortization expense increased $8.2 million primarily from additional amortization related to intangibles from the acquisition of DBRS. Production expense increased $5.1 million, mainly due to the fees paid to sub-advisors and other costs related to the Morningstar Funds Trust as well as cloud computing costs. Rent expense increased $4.7 million during the third quarter of 2019 in connection with planned expansion and office lease renewals in certain geographies. Stock-based compensation expense also increased $3.5 million in the third quarter of 2019, primarily resulting from continued achievement of incentive targets under the PitchBook management bonus plan.

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We had 6,557 employees worldwide as of September 30, 2019 compared with 5,230 as of September 30, 2018. This increase reflects continued investment in resources to support our key growth initiatives, including operations in India and the United States. This increase also includes approximately 502 employees who joined Morningstar as a result of the DBRS acquisition in July 2019.

Cost of revenue
 
Cost of revenue is our largest category of operating expense, representing close to one-half of our total operating expense. Our business relies heavily on human capital, and cost of revenue includes the compensation expense for employees who develop our products and deliver our services. We include compensation expense for approximately 80% of our employees in this category.
 
Cost of revenue increased $28.4 million in the third quarter of 2019. Higher compensation expense of $20.6 million was the largest contributor to the increase with salary expense increasing $14.2 million. DBRS Morningstar contributed $16.5 million of the increase in compensation expense with salary expense increasing $10.2 million. Higher production expense of $5.1 million also contributed to the unfavorable variance in this category, mainly due to $2.9 million in the fees paid to sub-advisors and other costs related to the Morningstar Funds Trust.

For the first nine months of 2019, cost of revenue increased $38.8 million. Higher compensation expense of $26.5 million was the largest contributor to the increase with DBRS Morningstar contributing $16.1 million of the increase. Higher production expense of $10.8 million also contributed to the growth in this category due to the same factors listed above, including $6.3 million in the fees paid to sub-advisors and other costs relating to the Morningstar Funds Trust.

Continuous focus on development of our major software platforms, in addition to bringing new products and capabilities to market, resulted in a slight increase in capitalized software development over the prior period, which in turn reduced operating expense. We capitalized $40.5 million associated with software development activities, mainly related to enhanced capabilities in our products, internal infrastructure, and software in the first nine months of 2019 compared to $40.2 million in the first nine months of 2018.

Sales and marketing
  
Sales and marketing expense increased $8.2 million in the third quarter of 2019, primarily due to higher compensation and sales commission expense. Compensation expense increased $5.0 million, driven by a $4.0 million increase in salary expense which was partially offset by a decrease in bonus expense. DBRS Morningstar contributed $2.1 million of increased compensation expense, driven by $1.1 million in salary expense. Sales commission expense increased $1.3 million due to strong PitchBook sales performance.

For the first nine months of 2019, sales and marketing expense grew $16.0 million, reflecting a $9.2 million increase in compensation expense. Within compensation expense, salary expense contributed $8.3 million and was partially offset by a decrease of $1.8 million in bonus expense. DBRS Morningstar contributed $2.2 million of increased compensation expense, driven by $1.2 million in salary expense. Stock-based compensation also increased $1.7 million, primarily driven by the continued achievement of incentive targets under the PitchBook management bonus plan. Sales commission expense was higher by $1.7 million due to strong PitchBook sales performance. Advertising and marketing spend increased $1.6 million due to higher levels of spend on advertising and promotional materials.

General and administrative
 
General and administrative expense grew $21.8 million during the third quarter of 2019. Compensation expense increased $7.3 million, of which DBRS Morningstar accounted for $5.1 million. Rent expense increased $4.7 million in connection with planned expansion and office lease renewals in certain geographies. Stock-based compensation was higher by $2.8 million primarily driven by continued achievement of incentive targets under the PitchBook management bonus plan. Professional fees increased $2.0 million during the quarter, primarily due to acquisition and integration related expenses for DBRS.

For the first nine months of 2019, general and administrative expense increased $38.4 million due to the same factors listed above, including $5.0 million of DBRS Morningstar compensation expense. Rent expense increased $10.1 million, compensation expense increased $9.7 million, and stock-based compensation increased $6.6 million. Professional fees also increased $4.6 million.

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Depreciation and amortization
 
Depreciation expense increased $1.7 million in the third quarter of 2019, driven mainly by depreciation expense related to capitalized software development incurred over the past several years. Intangible amortization expense increased $8.2 million, primarily from additional amortization related to intangibles generated by the acquisition of DBRS.

For the first nine months of 2019, depreciation expense increased $5.4 million, largely driven by capitalized software development incurred over the past several years. Intangible amortization expense increased $7.4 million, primarily from the amortization of intangibles related to the acquisition of DBRS.

We expect that amortization of intangible assets will be an ongoing cost for the remaining lives of the assets. We estimate that aggregate amortization expense for intangible assets will be approximately $10.4 million for the remainder of 2019. These estimates may be affected by additional acquisitions, divestitures, changes in the estimated average useful lives, and foreign currency translation.
 
Consolidated Operating Income and Operating Margin

	
																								
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	 	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	
Operating income	 	$	49.6		 	$	65.4		 	(24.2	)%	 	$	149.9		 	$	166.5		 	(10.0	)%	 	
% of revenue	 	15.8	%	 	25.0	%	 	(9.2	)	pp	17.7	%	 	22.0	%	 	(4.3	)	pp	
 
Consolidated operating income decreased $15.8 million, or 24.2%, in the third quarter of 2019, reflecting an increase in operating expenses of $68.3 million, which was partially mitigated by an increase in revenue of $52.5 million. Operating margin was 15.8%, down 9.2 percentage points compared to the third quarter of 2018.

Consolidated operating income decreased $16.6 million, or 10.0%, in the first nine months of 2019 as operating expenses increased $106.0 million while revenue increased $89.4 million. Operating margin was 17.7%, down 4.3 percentage points compared to the third quarter of 2018.

We reported adjusted operating income of $64.1 million, which excludes acquisition-related amortization and integration expenses, in the third quarter of 2019 and $175.9 million for the first nine months of 2019. Adjusted operating income is a non-GAAP measure; the table below shows a reconciliation to the comparable GAAP measure.

	
																							
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
($000)	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	
Operating income	 	$	49.6		 	$	65.4		 	(24.2	)%	 	$	149.9		 	$	166.5		 	(10.0	)%	
Add: intangible amortization expense	 	13.4		 	5.2		 	157.7	 %	 	23.1		 	15.7		 	47.1	 %	
Add: acquisition and integration-related expenses	 	1.1		 	—		 	NMF		 	2.9		 	—		 	NMF		
Adjusted operating income	 	$	64.1		 	$	70.6		 	(9.2	)%	 	$	175.9		 	$	182.2		 	(3.5	)%	

We reported an adjusted operating margin, which excludes acquisition-related amortization and integration expenses, of 20.4% in the third quarter of 2019 and 20.8% in the first nine months of 2019. Adjusted operating margin is a non-GAAP measure; the table below shows a reconciliation to the comparable GAAP measure.

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 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	 	
($000)	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	
Operating margin	 	15.8	%	 	25.0	%	 	(9.2	)	pp	17.7	%	 	22.0	%	 	(4.3	)	pp	
Add: intangible amortization expense	 	4.3	%	 	2.0	%	 	2.3		pp	2.7	%	 	2.1	%	 	0.6		pp	
Add: acquisition and integration-related expenses	 	0.3	%	 	—	%	 	0.3		pp	0.4	%	 	—	%	 	0.4		pp	
Adjusted operating margin	 	20.4	%	 	27.0	%	 	(6.6	)	pp	20.8	%	 	24.1	%	 	(3.3	)	pp	

Non-Operating Income, Net, Equity in Net Income (Loss) of Unconsolidated Entities, and Effective Tax Rate and Income Tax Expense
 
Non-operating income, net

	
																	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	2019	 	2018	
Interest income	 	$	0.5		 	$	0.6		 	$	1.7		 	$	1.7		
Interest expense	 	(5.3	)	 	(0.8	)	 	(6.5	)	 	(2.9	)	
Gain on sale of investments, net	 	0.3		 	0.3		 	0.7		 	0.9		
Gain on sale of product line	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	10.5		
Gain on sale of equity investments	 	19.5		 	5.6		 	19.5		 	5.6		
Other expense, net	 	(1.1	)	 	1.6		 	(2.5	)	 	2.2		
Non-operating income, net	 	$	13.9		 	$	7.3		 	$	12.9		 	$	18.0		
 
Interest income reflects interest from our investment portfolio. Interest expense mainly relates to the outstanding principal balance under the prior credit facility and the new senior credit agreement, which we entered into during the third quarter of 2019 to fund the acquisition of DBRS. Gain on sale of product line is the sale of our 15(c) board consulting services product line in the first quarter of 2018.

During the third quarter of 2019 and first nine months of 2019, the gain on sale of equity investments relates to the sale of our equity ownership in one of our unconsolidated entities. During the third quarter of 2018 and first nine months of 2018, the gain on sale of equity investments relates to the sale of a portion of our equity ownership interest in Morningstar Japan K.K. (MJKK).

Other expense, net primarily includes foreign currency exchange gains and losses resulting from the U.S. dollar denominated short-term investments held in non-U.S. jurisdictions.

Equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated entities

	
																	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	2019	 	2018	
Equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated entities	 	$	(1.1	)	 	$	0.3		 	$	(1.9	)	 	$	(1.6	)	
 
Equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated entities primarily reflects income from MJKK offset by losses in our other equity method investments.

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Effective tax rate and income tax expense

	
																	
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	2019	 	2018	
Income before income taxes and equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated entities	 	$	63.5		 	$	72.7		 	$	162.8		 	$	184.5		
Equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated entities	 	(1.1	)	 	0.3		 	(1.9	)	 	(1.6	)	
Total	 	$	62.4		 	$	73.0		 	$	160.9		 	$	182.9		
Income tax expense	 	$	13.3		 	$	16.1		 	$	36.5		 	$	42.3		
Effective tax rate	 	21.3	%	 	22.1	%	 	22.7	%	 	23.1	%	
 
Our effective tax rate in the third quarter and first nine months of 2019 was 21.3% and 22.7%, reflecting nominal decreases compared with the same periods in the prior year. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
As of September 30, 2019, we had cash, cash equivalents, and investments of $352.8 million, a decrease of $43.1 million compared with $395.9 million as of December 31, 2018. The decrease reflects cash provided by operating activities and proceeds from long-term debt of $610.0 million partially offset by $673.9 million paid for the acquisition of DBRS, $132.8 million of repayments of long-term debt, $57.1 million of capital expenditures, dividends paid of $35.9 million, and $12.8 million for employee taxes paid from withholding of restricted stock units. We also used $4.9 million to repurchase common stock through our share repurchase program, of which $0.3 million was repurchased in the fourth quarter of 2018, but settled and paid in January 2019.

Cash provided by operating activities is our main source of cash. In the first nine months of 2019, cash provided by operating activities was $251.9 million, reflecting $223.3 million of net income, adjusted for non-cash items, and an additional $28.6 million of positive changes from our net operating assets and liabilities.

On July 2, 2019, we entered into a new senior credit agreement (the Credit Agreement), the initial borrowings under which were made to finance the DBRS acquisition, and repaid all outstanding obligations under the prior credit facility. The Credit Agreement provides the Company with a five year multi-currency credit facility with an initial borrowing capacity of up to $750.0 million, including a $300.0 million revolving credit facility and a term loan facility of $450.0 million. We had an outstanding principal balance of $534.8 million as of September 30, 2019 and a revolving credit facility borrowing availability of $200.0 million. The Credit Agreement also contains financial covenants under which we: (i) may not exceed a maximum consolidated leverage ratio of 3.50 to 1.00 (or 3.75 to 1.00 for the four fiscal quarters following any material acquisition (as defined in the Credit Agreement)) and (ii) are required to maintain a minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio of not less than 3.00 to 1.00. We were in compliance with the financial covenants as of September 30, 2019. See Note 3 of the Notes to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on our new Credit Agreement.

We believe our available cash balances and investments, along with cash generated from operations and the borrowing capacity under our Credit Agreement, will be sufficient to meet our operating and cash needs for at least the next 12 months. We invest our cash reserves in cash equivalents and investments and maintain a conservative investment policy. We invest most of our investment balance (approximately $28.9 million, or 93.4% of our total investments balance as of September 30, 2019) in stocks, bonds, options, mutual funds, money market funds, or exchange-traded products that replicate the model portfolios and strategies created by Morningstar. These investment accounts may also include exchange-traded products where Morningstar is an index provider.

Approximately 72% of our cash, cash equivalents, and investments balance as of September 30, 2019 was held by our operations outside the U.S., up from approximately 67% as of December 31, 2018. In February 2019, we repatriated approximately $45.8 million of our foreign earnings back to the U.S. Otherwise, we generally consider our U.S. directly-owned foreign subsidiary earnings to be permanently reinvested.
 
We intend to use our cash, cash equivalents, and investments for general corporate purposes, including working capital and funding for future growth.

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In October 2019, our board of directors approved a regular quarterly dividend of $0.28 per share, or $12.0 million, payable on October 31, 2019 to shareholders of record as of October 18, 2019.

In December 2017, the board of directors approved a share repurchase program that authorizes the Company to repurchase up to $500.0 million in shares of the Company's outstanding common stock, effective January 1, 2018. The authorization expires on December 31, 2020. In the first nine months of 2019, we repurchased a total of 41,935 shares for $4.6 million and had approximately $474.4 million available for future repurchases as of September 30, 2019.

We expect to continue making capital expenditures in 2019, primarily for computer hardware and software provided by third parties, internally developed software, and leasehold improvements for new and existing office locations. We continue to adopt more public cloud and software as a service applications for new initiatives and are in the process of migrating relevant parts of our data centers to the public cloud over the next several years. During this migration, we expect to run certain applications and infrastructure in parallel. These actions will have some transitional effects on our level of capital expenditures and operating expenses.

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Consolidated Free Cash Flow

We define free cash flow as cash provided by or used for operating activities less capital expenditures.

	
																							
 	 	Three months ended September 30,	 	Nine months ended September 30,	
(in millions)	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	 	2019	 	2018	 	Change	
Cash provided by operating activities	 	$	105.7		 	$	79.8		 	32.5	%	 	$	251.9		 	$	209.5		 	20.2	%	
Capital expenditures	 	(20.1	)	 	(19.6	)	 	2.6	%	 	(57.1	)	 	(55.2	)	 	3.4	%	
Free cash flow	 	$	85.6			$	60.2		 	42.2	%	 	$	194.8		 	$	154.3		 	26.2	%	
 
We generated free cash flow of $85.6 million in the third quarter of 2019, an increase of $25.4 million compared with the third quarter of 2018. The change primarily reflects a $25.9 million increase in cash provided by operating activities.

In the first nine months of 2019, we generated free cash flow of $194.8 million, an increase of $40.5 million compared with free cash flow of $154.3 million in the same period of 2018. The increase reflects a $42.4 million increase in cash provided by operating activities as well as a $1.9 million increase in capital expenditures.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
We discuss our critical accounting policies and estimates in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, included in our Annual Report. We also discuss our significant accounting policies in Note 2 of the Notes to our Audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report and in Note 2 of the Notes to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.

Rule 10b5-1 Sales Plans
 
Our directors and executive officers may exercise stock options or purchase or sell shares of our common stock in the market from time to time. We encourage them to make these transactions through plans that comply with Exchange Act Rule 10b5-1(c). Morningstar will not receive any proceeds, other than proceeds from the exercise of stock options, related to these transactions. The following table, which we are providing on a voluntary basis, shows the Rule 10b5-1 sales plans entered into by our directors and executive officers that were in effect as of October 15, 2019:

																
Name and Position	 	Date of
Plan	 	Plan Termination Date	 	Number of
Shares
to be
Sold under
the Plan	 	Timing of Sales under the Plan	 	Number of Shares Sold under the Plan through October 15, 2019	 	Projected
Beneficial
Ownership (1)	
Bevin Desmond
Head of Talent and Culture	 	8/6/2019	 	12/31/2019	 	1,515		 	Shares to be sold under the plan if the stock reaches specified prices	 	—		 	52,201		
Steven Kaplan
Director	 	7/31/2019	 	8/27/2020	 	2,316		 	Shares to be sold under the plan if the stock reaches specified prices	 	—		 	41,892		
Gail Landis
Director	 	8/12/2019	 	10/28/2020	 	1,500		 	Shares to be sold under the plan if the stock reaches specified prices	 	—		 	2,891		
Joe Mansueto
Executive Chairman	 	11/26/2018	 	4/30/2020	 	1,600,000		 	Shares to be sold under the plan if the stock reaches specified prices
	 	800,000		 	20,415,674		
Caroline Tsay
Director	 	8/6/2019	 	11/15/2020	 	964		 	Shares to be sold under the plan if the stock reaches specified prices	 	—		 	1,696		

______________________
(1) This column reflects an estimate of the number of shares each identified director and executive officer will beneficially own following the sale of all shares under the Rule 10b5-1 sales plan. This information reflects the beneficial ownership of our common stock on September 30, 2019, and includes shares of our common stock subject to options that were then exercisable or that will have become exercisable by November 29, 2019 and restricted stock units that will vest by November 29, 2019. The estimates do not reflect any changes to beneficial ownership that may have occurred since September 30, 2019. Each director and executive officer identified in the table may amend or terminate his or her Rule 10b5-1 sales plan and may adopt additional Rule 10b5-1 plans in the future.

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Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	
 
Our investment portfolio is actively managed and may suffer losses from fluctuating interest rates, market prices, or adverse security selection. These accounts may consist of stocks, bonds, options, mutual funds, money market funds, or exchange-traded products that replicate the model portfolios and strategies created by Morningstar. These investment accounts may also include exchange-traded products where Morningstar is an index provider. As of September 30, 2019, our cash, cash equivalents, and investments balance was $352.8 million. Based on our estimates, a 100 basis-point change in interest rates would not have a material effect on the fair value of our investment portfolio.

We are subject to risk from fluctuations in the interest rates related to our long-term debt. The interest rates are based upon the applicable LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin for such loans or the lender's base rate plus an applicable margin for such loans. On an annualized basis, we estimate a 100 basis-point change in the LIBOR rate would have a $5.5 million impact on our interest expense based on our outstanding principal balance and LIBOR rates around September 30, 2019.

We are subject to risk from fluctuations in foreign currencies from our operations outside of the United States. To date, we have not engaged in currency hedging, and we do not currently have any positions in derivative instruments to hedge our currency risk.

The table below shows our exposure to foreign currency denominated revenue and operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019:

	
																					
 	 	Nine months ended September 30, 2019	
(in millions, except foreign currency rates)	 	Euro	 	British Pound	 	Canadian Dollar	 	Australian Dollar	 	Other Foreign Currencies	
Currency rate in U.S. dollars as of September 30, 2019	 	1.0918		 	1.2300		 	0.7553		 	0.6754		 	-		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Percentage of revenue	 	4.8	%	 	7.5	%	 	4.3	%	 	3.4	%	 	5.7	 %	
Percentage of operating income (loss)	 	13.5	%	 	1.2	%	 	8.1	%	 	2.9	%	 	(20.6	)%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Estimated effect of a 10% adverse currency fluctuation on revenue	 	$	(5.1	)	 	$	(8.1	)	 	$	(3.6	)	 	$	(3.7	)	 	$	(5.7	)	
Estimated effect of a 10% adverse currency fluctuation on operating income (loss)	 	$	(2.6	)	 	$	(0.2	)	 	$	(1.2	)	 	$	(0.6	)	 	$	3.9		

The table below shows our net investment exposure to foreign currencies as of September 30, 2019:

																					
 	 	As of September 30, 2019	
(in millions)	 	Euro	 	British Pound	 	Canadian Dollar	 	Australian Dollar	 	Other Foreign Currencies	
Assets, net of unconsolidated entities	 	$	151.5		 	$	313.5		 	$	374.5		 	$	59.2		 	$	166.4		
Liabilities	 	86.6		 	68.8		 	236.6		 	21.8		 	27.5		
Net currency position	 	$	64.9		 	$	244.7		 	$	137.9		 	$	37.4		 	$	138.9		
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Estimated effect of a 10% adverse currency fluctuation on equity	 	$	(6.5	)	 	$	(24.5	)	 	$	(13.8	)	 	$	(3.7	)	 	$	(13.9	)	

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Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	

(a)	Evaluation and Disclosure Controls and Procedures	
 
Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in the reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in the reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act of 1934, as of September 30, 2019. Based on that evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported as and when required and is accumulated and communicated to management, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

		
(b)	Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting	
 
On July 2, 2019, we completed our acquisition of DBRS (see Note 4 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information). We are currently integrating DBRS into our internal control framework and processes and, pursuant to the SEC’s guidance that an assessment of a recently acquired business may be omitted from the scope of an assessment in the year of acquisition, the scope of our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting at December 31, 2019 will not include DBRS.

Other than the change noted above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the third quarter ended September 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART 2.	OTHER INFORMATION	

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	
 
We incorporate by reference the information regarding legal proceedings set forth in Note 12 of the Notes to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	
 
There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report.

		
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	
 
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
 
Subject to applicable law, we may repurchase shares at prevailing market prices directly on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions in amounts that we deem appropriate.

In December 2017, the board of directors approved a share repurchase program that authorizes the Company to repurchase up to $500.0 million in shares of the Company's outstanding common stock, effective January 1, 2018. The authorization expires on December 31, 2020.

The following table presents information related to repurchases of common stock we made during the three months ended September 30, 2019:

	
															
Period:	 	Total number
of shares
purchased	 	Average
price paid
per share	 	Total number
of shares
purchased as
part of publicly
announced
programs	 	Approximate
dollar value of
shares that
may yet be
purchased
under the
programs	
July 1, 2019 - July 31, 2019	 	—		 	$	—		 	—		 	$	474,439,476		
August 1, 2019 - August 31, 2019	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	474,439,476		
September 1, 2019 - September 30, 2019	 	—		 	—		 	—		 	474,439,476		
Total	 	—		 	$	—		 	—		 			

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Item 6.	Exhibits	

	
			
Exhibit No	 	Description of Exhibit	
 	 	 	
10.1	 	Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement dated as of August 13, 2019 among Morningstar, Inc., certain subsidiaries of Morningstar, Inc., and Bank of America, N.A.	
 	 	 	
31.1	 	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended	
 	 	 	
31.2	 	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended	
 	 	 	
32.1	 	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	 	
32.2	 	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	
 	 	 	
101	 	The following information from Morningstar, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2019, filed with the SEC on October 30, 2019 formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Cover Page, (ii) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (iv) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (v) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity, (vi) Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vii) the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	
 	 	 	
104	 	Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded in the Inline XBRL document).	

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SIGNATURE
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	
				
 	 	MORNINGSTAR, INC.	
 	 	 	 	
Date: October 30, 2019	 	By:	/s/ Jason Dubinsky	
 	 	 	Jason Dubinsky	
 	 	 	Chief Financial Officer	

43

Execution Version

AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT
This Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement (this “Amendment”) is entered into as of August 1, 2019 by and among MORNINGSTAR, INC., an Illinois corporation (the “Company”), certain Subsidiaries of the Company party hereto in the capacity of a “Borrower” (the “Designated Borrowers,” and together with the Company, the “Borrowers”), the subsidiaries of the Company party hereto in the capacity of a “Guarantor” (the “Guarantors”, together with the Borrowers, the “Loan Parties”) and BANK OF AMERICA, N.A. as administrative agent for the Lenders (the “Administrative Agent”).
RECITALS
A.    The Loan Parties and the Administrative Agent are party to that certain Credit Agreement dated as of July 2, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”). Unless otherwise specified herein, capitalized terms used in this Amendment shall have the meanings ascribed to them by the Credit Agreement.
B.    The Borrowers, the Guarantors and the Administrative Agent wish to (i) join certain Designated Borrowers to the Credit Agreement (the “New Designated Borrowers”) and (ii) amend the Credit Agreement in certain respects on the terms and conditions set forth herein.
Now, therefore, in consideration of the mutual execution hereof and other good and valuable consideration, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1.    Amendments to Credit Agreement. Upon the “Amendment No. 1 Effective Date” (as defined below), the Credit Agreement is hereby amended to delete the stricken text (indicated textually in the same manner as the following example: stricken text) and to add the double-underlined text (indicated textually in the same manner as the following example: double-underlined text) as set forth in the pages of the Credit Agreement attached as Annex I hereto
2.    Representations and Warranties of the Loan Parties. Each of the Loan Parties represents and warrants that:
(a)    the execution, delivery and performance by the Loan Parties of this Amendment and each of the other documents entered into in connection herewith (the “Amendment Documents”) have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and that this Amendment and each of the Amendment Documents is a legal, valid and binding obligation of each of the Loan Parties enforceable against the Loan Parties in accordance with its terms, except as the enforcement thereof may be subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar law affecting creditors’ rights generally;
(b)     each of the representations and warranties contained in the Credit Agreement (deeming this Amendment as a Loan Document) is true and correct in all material respects on and as of the date hereof as if made by each Loan Party on the date hereof (except to the extent that such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, in which case they shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); and
(c)    after giving effect to this Amendment and the Amendment Documents, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
3.    Amendment No. 1 Effective Date. This Amendment shall become effective upon the execution and delivery hereof by each Loan Party, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders; provided

that Section 1 hereof shall not become effective until the date (the “Amendment No. 1 Effective Date”) when the following additional conditions have also been satisfied:
(a)    the Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate of a Responsible Officer dated the date hereof, certifying as to the representations and warranties made by each Loan Party contained in Section 2 hereof;
(b)    the Administrative Agent shall have received a Designated Borrower Agreement and Assumption Agreement executed and delivered from each New Designated Borrower, each dated as of the Amendment No. 1 Effective Date and in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Administrative Agent;
(c)     the Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate of a Responsible Officer dated the Amendment No. 1 Effective Date, certifying as to the Organization Documents of each New Designated Borrower (which, to the extent filed with a Governmental Authority, shall be certified as of a recent date by such Governmental Authority), the resolutions of the governing body of each New Designated Borrower, the good standing, existence or its equivalent of each New Designated Borrower and of the incumbency (including specimen signatures) of the Responsible Officers of each New Designated Borrower;
(d)     the Administrative Agent shall have received both local law and Illinois law opinions of counsel for the New Designated Borrowers, each dated the Amendment No. 1 Effective Date, addressed to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent;
(e)    upon the reasonable request of the Administrative Agent made at least five days prior to the Amendment No. 1 Effective Date, each Loan Party shall have provided to the Administrative Agent the documentation and other information so requested in connection with applicable “know your customer” and anti-money-laundering rules and regulations, including the PATRIOT Act, in each case at least two days prior to the Amendment No. 1 Effective Date; and
(f)     at least five days prior to the Amendment No. 1 Effective Date, any Borrower that qualifies as a “legal entity customer” under the Beneficial Ownership Regulation shall deliver, to Administrative Agent, a Beneficial Ownership Certification in relation to such Borrower.
4.    Reference to and Effect Upon the Credit Agreement.
(a)    Except as specifically amended, the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall remain in full force and effect and are hereby ratified and confirmed.
(b)    The execution, delivery and effectiveness of this Amendment shall not operate as a waiver of any right, power or remedy of the Administrative Agent or any Lender under the Credit Agreement or any Loan Document, nor constitute a waiver of any provision of the Credit Agreement or any Loan Document, except as specifically set forth herein. Upon the effectiveness of this Amendment, each reference in the Credit Agreement to “this Agreement”, “hereunder”, “hereof”, “herein” or words of similar import shall mean and be a reference to the Credit Agreement as amended hereby.
(c)    This Amendment shall be deemed to be a Loan Document.

	
			
 	2	 	

6.    Costs and Expenses.    Each Loan Party hereby affirms its obligation under Section 11.04 of the Credit Agreement to reimburse the Administrative Agent and the other Lenders, as applicable, for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent and the Lenders in connection with the preparation, negotiation, execution and delivery of this Amendment, including but not limited to the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of attorneys for the Administrative Agent with respect thereto.
7.    Reaffirmation. Each Loan Party hereby reaffirms its obligations under the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents, including, with respect to each Guarantor, its obligations under Article X of the Credit Agreement.
8.    Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the law of the State of Illinois.
9.    Headings. Section headings in this Amendment are included herein for convenience of reference only and shall not constitute a part of this Amendment for any other purposes.
10.    Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed an original but all such counterparts shall constitute one and the same instrument.
[Signature Pages Follow]

	
			
 	3	 	

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amendment as of the date and year first above written.
BORROWERS:
MORNINGSTAR, INC.
By:    /s/ Patrick J. Maloney    
Name:    Patrick J. Maloney    
Title:    General Counsel    
MORNINGSTAR RESEARCH INC.  
By:    /s/ Scott Mackenzie    
Name:    Scott Mackenzie    
Title:    President & CEO    
MORNINGSTAR UK LIMITED
By:    /s/ Mark Ormes    
Name:    Mark Ormes    
Title:    Director    
MORNINGSTAR HOLLAND B.V.
By:    /s/ Mark Roomans    
Name:    Mark Roomans    
Title:    Attorney in fact            

[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1]

MORNINGSTAR AUSTRALASIA PTY LIMITED

		
Executed as a deed by Morningstar Australasia Pty Limited ACN 090 665 544 acting by the following persons or, if the seal is affixed, witnessed by the following persons in accordance with s127 of the Corporations Act 2001: 	 	
. . . . . /s/ James Wickham. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signature of director	. . . . . . . . /s/ Craig Ellis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signature of director/company secretary	
. . . . . James Wickham . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Name of director (print)	. . . . . . . . .Craig Ellis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Name of director/company secretary (print)	

	
			
 	[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1]

GUARANTORS:

	
		
 	MORNINGSTAR INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLC
By:   /s/ Matthew Radgowski   
Name:   Matthew Radgowski   
Title:   Managing Director   	
 	MORNINGSTAR RESEARCH SERVICES LLC
By:   /s/ Haywood Kelly   
Name:   Haywood Kelly   
Title:   President   	
 	MORNINGSTAR RATINGS HOLDING CORP.
By:   /s/ Patrick Maloney   
Name:   Patrick Maloney   
Title:   Vice President and General Counsel   	

	
			
 	[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1]

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT AND LENDERS:

BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.,
as Administrative Agent
By:    /s/ Michael J. Haas    
Name:    Michael J. Haas    
Title:    Sr. Vice President    

BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.,
as a Lender, L/C Issuer and Swingline Lender
By:    /s/ Michael J. Haas    
Name:    Michael J. Haas    
Title:    Sr. Vice President    

[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1]

Execution Version

Annex I

CREDIT AGREEMENT
Dated as of July 2, 2019
among
MORNINGSTAR, INC.,
as the Company and a Borrower,
CERTAIN SUBSIDIARIES OF THE COMPANY
as Designated Borrowers,

CERTAIN SUBSIDIARIES OF THE BORROWER PARTY HERETO,
as the Guarantors
and
BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.,
as Administrative Agent, Swingline Lender and
an L/C Issuer

and

THE LENDERS PARTY HERETO

BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.
as Sole Lead Arranger and Sole Bookrunner

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND ACCOUNTING TERMS    1
1.01    Defined Terms    1
1.02    Other Interpretive Provisions    3334
1.03    Accounting Terms    34
1.04    Rounding    35
1.05    Times of Day; Rates    35
1.06    Letter of Credit Amounts    3536
1.07    Exchange Rates; Currency Equivalents    3536
1.08    Additional Alternative Currencies    36
1.09    Change of Currency    37
ARTICLE II COMMITMENTS AND CREDIT EXTENSIONS    3738
2.01    Loans    3738
2.02    Borrowings, Conversions and Continuations of Loans    38
2.03    Letters of Credit    40
2.04    Swingline Loans    4950
2.05    Prepayments    52
2.06    Termination or Reduction of Commitments    5354
2.07    Repayment of Loans    5455
2.08    Interest and Default Rate    55
2.09    Fees    56
2.10    Computation of Interest and Fees    5657
2.11    Evidence of Debt    5758
2.12    Payments Generally; Administrative Agent Clawback    58
2.13    Sharing of Payments by Lenders    60
AmericasActive:13618273.11AmericasActive:13823071.5
2.14    Cash Collateral    6061
2.15    Defaulting Lenders    6162
2.16    Designated Borrowers    6364
2.17    Designated Lenders    6465
2.18    Increase in Revolving Facility    65
ARTICLE III TAXES, YIELD PROTECTION AND ILLEGALITY    66
3.01    Taxes    66
3.02    Illegality    70
3.03    Inability to Determine Rates    71
3.04    Increased Costs; Reserves on Eurocurrency Rate Loans    73
3.05    Compensation for Losses    7475
3.06    Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders    7576
3.07    Survival.    7576
3.08    United Kingdom Tax Matters.    76
ARTICLE IV CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO CREDIT EXTENSIONS    8283
4.01    Conditions of Initial Credit Extension    8283
4.02    Conditions to all Credit Extensions    8485

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ARTICLE V REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES    8586
5.01    Existence, Qualification and Power    8586
5.02    Authorization; No Contravention    8586
5.03    Governmental Authorization; Other Consents    86
5.04    Binding Effect    86
5.05    Financial Statements; No Material Adverse Effect    8687
5.06    Litigation    87
5.07    No Default    8788
5.08    Ownership of Property    8788
5.09    Environmental Compliance    8788
5.10    Taxes    8788
5.11    ERISA Compliance, etc.    88
5.12    Margin Regulations; Investment Company Act    8889
5.13    Disclosure    8889
5.14    Sanctions Concerns and Anti-Corruption Laws    8990
5.15    Responsible Officers    8990
ARTICLE VI AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS    8990
6.01    Financial Statements    8990
6.02    Certificates; Other Information    9192
6.03    Notices    9192
6.04    Payment of Obligations    9293
6.05    Preservation of Existence, Etc    9293
6.06    Maintenance of Properties    9293
6.07    Maintenance of Insurance    9293
6.08    Compliance with Laws    9394
6.09    Books and Records    9394
6.10    Inspection Rights    9394
6.11    Use of Proceeds    9394
6.12    Compliance with Environmental Laws    9394
6.13    Covenant to Guarantee Obligations    9495
6.14    Anti-Corruption Laws    9495
6.15    Approvals and Authorizations    9495
ARTICLE VII NEGATIVE COVENANTS    9495
7.01    Liens    9495
7.02    Indebtedness    9697
7.03    Investments    9798
7.04    Fundamental Changes    9798
7.05    Dispositions    9899
7.06    Restricted Payments    99100
7.07    Change in Nature of Business    99100
7.08    Transactions with Affiliates    100101
7.09    Burdensome Agreements    100101
7.10    Use of Proceeds    101102
7.11    Sanctions    101102
7.12    Anti-Corruption Laws    101102
7.13    Financial Covenants    101102
7.14    Canadian Defined Benefit Pension Plans    102

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ARTICLE VIII EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES    101102
8.01    Events of Default    101102
8.02    Remedies upon Event of Default    103105
8.03    Application of Funds    104105
ARTICLE IX ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT    105106
9.01    Appointment and Authority    105106
9.02    Rights as a Lender    105106
9.03    Exculpatory Provisions    105107
9.04    Reliance by Administrative Agent    106108
9.05    Delegation of Duties    107108
9.06    Resignation of Administrative Agent    107108
9.07    Non-Reliance on Administrative Agent and Other Lenders    108109
9.08    No Other Duties, Etc    109110
9.09    Administrative Agent May File Proofs of Claim; Credit Bidding    109110
9.10    Guaranty Matters    109111
9.11    Certain ERISA Matters    110111
ARTICLE X CONTINUING GUARANTY    111112
10.01    Guaranty    111112
10.02    Rights of Lender    111112
10.03    Certain Waivers    111113
10.04    Obligations Independent    112113
10.05    Subrogation    112113
10.06    Termination; Reinstatement    112113
10.07    Stay of Acceleration    112114
10.08    Condition of Borrower    113114
10.09    Appointment of Borrower    113114
10.10    Right of Contribution    113114
ARTICLE XI MISCELLANEOUS    113114
11.01    Amendments, Etc    113114
11.02    Notices; Effectiveness; Electronic Communications    116117
11.03    No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies; Enforcement    118119
11.04    Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver    118119
11.05    Payments Set Aside    120121
11.06    Successors and Assigns    120122
11.07    Treatment of Certain Information; Confidentiality    125126
11.08    Right of Setoff    126127
11.09    Interest Rate Limitation    127128
11.10    Counterparts; Integration; Effectiveness    127128
11.11    Survival of Representations and Warranties    127128
11.12    Severability    128129
11.13    Replacement of Lender    128129
11.14    Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Etc    129130
11.15    Waiver of Jury Trial    130131
11.16    Subordination    130131
11.17    No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility    131132
11.18    Electronic Execution; Electronic Records    131132

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11.19    USA PATRIOT Act and Canadian AML Acts Notice    132133
11.20    Acknowledgment and Consent to Bail-In of EEA Financial Institutions    132133
11.21    Judgment Currency    133134

iv

BORROWER PREPARED SCHEDULES
Schedule 1.01(c)        Responsible Officers    
Schedule 7.01            Existing Liens
Schedule 7.02            Existing Indebtedness
Schedule 7.03            Existing Investments
Schedule 7.08(a)        Affiliate Transactions
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT PREPARED SCHEDULES
Schedule 1.01(a)        Certain Addresses for Notices
Schedule 1.01(b)        Initial Commitments and Applicable Percentages
Schedule 2.01            Swingline Commitment
Schedule 2.03            Letter of Credit Commitment

EXHIBITS

Exhibit A	Form of Administrative Questionnaire	
		
Exhibit B	Form of Assignment and Assumption	
		
Exhibit C	Form of Compliance Certificate	
		
Exhibit D	Form of Joinder Agreement	
		
Exhibit E	Form of Loan Notice	
		
Exhibit F	Form of Revolving Note	
		
Exhibit G	Form of Swingline Loan Notice	
		
Exhibit H	Form of Term Note	
		
Exhibit I	Form of Officer’s Certificate	
		
Exhibit J	Forms of U.S. Tax Compliance Certificates	
		
Exhibit K	Form of Funding Indemnity Letter	
		
Exhibit L	Form of Notice of Loan Prepayment	
		
Exhibit M	Form of Letter of Credit Report	
		
Exhibit N	Form of Notice of Additional L/C Issuer	
		
Exhibit O	Designated Borrower Request and Assumption Agreement	
		
Exhibit P	Designated Borrower Notice	

v

CREDIT AGREEMENT
This CREDIT AGREEMENT is entered into as of July 2, 2019, among MORNINGSTAR, INC., an Illinois corporation (the “Company”), certain Subsidiaries of the Company from time to time party hereto pursuant to Section 2.16 (each, a “Designated Borrower” and, together with the Company, the “Borrowers” and each a “Borrower”), the Guarantors (defined herein), the Lenders (defined herein), and BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., as the Administrative Agent, Swingline Lender, and an L/C Issuer.
PRELIMINARY STATEMENTS:
WHEREAS, the Loan Parties (as hereinafter defined) have requested that the Lenders, the Swingline Lender and each L/C Issuer make loans and other financial accommodations to the Loan Parties in an aggregate amount of up to $750,000,000.
WHEREAS, the Lenders, the Swingline Lender and each L/C Issuer have agreed to make such loans and other financial accommodations to the Loan Parties on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, the parties hereto covenant and agree as follows.
ARTICLE I 
 
DEFINITIONS AND ACCOUNTING TERMS
1.01    Defined Terms.
As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below:
“Acquisition” means the acquisition, whether through a single transaction or a series of related transactions, of (a) a majority of the Voting Stock or other controlling ownership interest in another Person (including the purchase of an option, warrant or convertible or similar type security to acquire such a controlling interest at the time it becomes exercisable by the holder thereof), whether by purchase of such equity or other ownership interest or upon the exercise of an option or warrant for, or conversion of securities into, such equity or other ownership interest, or (b) assets of another Person which constitute all or substantially all of the assets of such Person or of a division, line of business or other business unit of such Person.
“Administrative Agent” means Bank of America (or any of its designated branch offices or affiliates) in its capacity as administrative agent under any of the Loan Documents, or any successor administrative agent.
“Administrative Agent’s Office” means, with respect to any currency, the Administrative Agent’s address and, as appropriate, account as set forth on Schedule 1.01(a) with respect to such currency, or such other address or account with respect to such currency as the Administrative Agent may from time to time notify the Borrower and the Lenders.
“Administrative Questionnaire” means an Administrative Questionnaire in substantially the form of Exhibit A or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.

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“Affiliate” means, with respect to a specified Person, another Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls or is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Person specified.
“Aggregate Commitments” means the Commitments of all the Lenders.
“Agreement” means this Credit Agreement.
“Alternative Currency” means each of the following currencies: Euros, Canadian Dollars, Australian Dollars and Sterling, together with each other currency (other than Dollars) that is approved in accordance with Section 1.09; provided that for each Alternative Currency, such requested currency is an Eligible Currency.
“Alternative Currency Equivalent” means, at any time, with respect to any amount denominated in Dollars, the equivalent amount thereof in the applicable Alternative Currency as determined by the Administrative Agent or the L/C Issuers, as the case may be, by reference to Bloomberg (or such other publicly available service for displaying exchange rates), to be the exchange rate for the purchase of such Alternative Currency with Dollars at approximately 11:00 a.m. on the date two (2) Business Days prior to the date as of which the foreign exchange computation is made; provided, however, that if no such rate is available, the “Alternative Currency Equivalent” shall be determined by the Administrative Agent or the L/C Issuers, as the case may be, using any reasonable method of determination they deem appropriate in their sole discretion (and such determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error).
“Alternative Currency Sublimit” means an amount equal to the lesser of the Aggregate Commitments and $250,000,000. The Alternative Currency Sublimit is part of, and not in addition to, the Aggregate Commitments.
“Applicable Law” means, as to any Person, all applicable Laws binding upon such Person or to which such Person is subject.
“Applicable Percentage” means (a) in respect of the Term Facility, with respect to any Term Lender at any time, the percentage (carried out to the ninth decimal place) of the Term Facility represented by (i) on or prior to the Closing Date such Term Lender’s Term Commitment at such time and (ii) thereafter, the outstanding principal amount of such Term Lender’s Term Loans at such time, and (b) in respect of the Revolving Facility, with respect to any Revolving Lender at any time, the percentage (carried out to the ninth decimal place) of the Revolving Facility represented by such Revolving Lender’s Revolving Commitment at such time, subject to adjustment as provided in Section 2.15. If the Commitment of all of the Revolving Lenders to make Revolving Loans and the obligation of the L/C Issuers to make L/C Credit Extensions have been terminated pursuant to Section 8.02, or if the Revolving Commitments have expired, then the Applicable Percentage of each Revolving Lender in respect of the Revolving Facility shall be determined based on the Applicable Percentage of such Revolving Lender in respect of the Revolving Facility most recently in effect, giving effect to any subsequent assignments and to any Lender’s status as a Defaulting Lender at the time of determination. The Applicable Percentage of each Lender in respect of each Facility is set forth opposite the name of such Lender on Schedule 1.01(b) or in the Assignment and Assumption pursuant to which such Lender becomes a party hereto or in any documentation executed by such Lender pursuant to Section 2.17, as applicable.
“Applicable Rate” means, for any day, the rate per annum set forth below opposite the applicable Level then in effect (based on the Consolidated Leverage Ratio), it being understood that the Applicable Rate for (a) Base Rate Loans shall be the percentage set forth under the column “Base Rate,” (b) Eurocurrency

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Rate Loans shall be the percentage set forth under the column “Eurocurrency Rate,” (c) the Letter of Credit Fee shall be the percentage set forth under the column “Term Loans, Revolving Loans & Letter of Credit Fee”, and (d) the Commitment Fee shall be the percentage set forth under the column “Commitment Fee”:

					
Applicable Rate	
Level	Consolidated Leverage Ratio	Eurocurrency Rate	Base Rate	Commitment
Fee	
		Term Loans, Revolving Loans & Letter of Credit Fee	Term Loans & Revolving Loans		
I	< 1.50:1.00	1.00%	0.00%	0.125%	
II	> 1.50:1.00 but < 2.50:1.00	1.125%	0.125%	0.15%	
III	> 2.50:1.00 but < 3.00:1.00	1.250%	0.25%	0.175%	
IV	> 3.00:1.00	1.50%	0.50%	0.20%	
Any increase or decrease in the Applicable Rate resulting from a change in the Consolidated Leverage Ratio shall become effective as of the first Business Day immediately following the date a Compliance Certificate is delivered pursuant to Section 6.02(c); provided, however, that if a Compliance Certificate is not delivered when due in accordance with such Section, then, upon the request of the Required Lenders, Pricing Level IV shall apply, in each case as of the first Business Day after the date on which such Compliance Certificate was required to have been delivered and in each case shall remain in effect until the first Business Day following the date on which such Compliance Certificate is delivered. In addition, at all times while the Default Rate is in effect, the highest rate set forth in each column of the Applicable Rate shall apply.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this definition, (a) the determination of the Applicable Rate for any period shall be subject to the provisions of Section 2.10(b) and (b) the initial Applicable Rate shall be set forth in Level II until the first Business Day immediately following the date a Compliance Certificate is delivered pursuant to Section 6.02(c) for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2019 to the Administrative Agent. Any adjustment in the Applicable Rate shall be applicable to all Credit Extensions then existing or subsequently made or issued.
“Applicable Revolving Percentage” means with respect to any Revolving Lender at any time, such Revolving Lender’s Applicable Percentage in respect of the Revolving Facility at such time.
“Applicable Time” means, with respect to any Borrowings and payments in any Alternative Currency, the local time in the place of settlement for such Alternative Currency as may be determined by the Administrative Agent or the applicable L/C Issuer, as the case may be, to be necessary for timely settlement on the relevant date in accordance with normal banking procedures in the place of payment.
“Applicant Borrower” has the meaning specified in Section 2.16(a).
“Appropriate Lender” means, at any time, (a) with respect to any Facility, a Lender that has a Commitment with respect to such Facility or holds a Loan under such Facility at such time, (b) with respect to the Letter of Credit Sublimit, (i) the L/C Issuers and (ii) if any Letters of Credit have been issued pursuant to Section 2.03, the Revolving Lenders and (c) with respect to the Swingline Sublimit, (i) the Swingline Lender and (ii) if any Swingline Loans are outstanding pursuant to Section 2.04(a), the Revolving Lenders.

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“Approved Fund” means any Fund that is administered or managed by (a) a Lender, (b) an Affiliate of a Lender or (c) an entity or an Affiliate of an entity that administers or manages a Lender.
“Arranger” means Bank of America, in its capacity as sole lead arranger and sole bookrunner.
“Assignment and Assumption” means an assignment and assumption entered into by a Lender and an Eligible Assignee (with the consent of any party whose consent is required by Section 11.06(b)), and accepted by the Administrative Agent, in substantially the form of Exhibit B or any other form (including an electronic documentation form generated by use of an electronic platform) approved by the Administrative Agent.
“Attributable Indebtedness” means, on any date, in respect of any Capitalized Lease of any Person, the capitalized amount thereof that would appear on a balance sheet of such Person prepared as of such date in accordance with GAAP.
“Audited Financial Statements” means the audited consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, and the related consolidated statements of income or operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for such fiscal year of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, including the notes thereto.
“Australian Dollar” means the lawful currency of Australia.
“Availability Period” means in respect of the Revolving Facility, the period from and including the Closing Date to the earliest of (i) the Maturity Date for the Revolving Facility, (ii) the date of termination of the Revolving Commitments pursuant to Section 2.06, and (iii) the date of termination of the Commitment of each Revolving Lender to make Revolving Loans and of the obligation of the L/C Issuers to make L/C Credit Extensions pursuant to Section 8.02.
“Bail-In Action” means the exercise of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable EEA Resolution Authority in respect of any liability of an EEA Financial Institution.
“Bail-In Legislation” means, with respect to any EEA Member Country implementing Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, the implementing law for such EEA Member Country from time to time which is described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule.
“Bank Levy” means the bank levy set out in Part 5 of, and Schedule 19 to, the Finance Act 2011 (UK) and/or any similar levy imposed under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United Kingdom, in each case, which has been publicly announced or is in force at the date of this Agreement.
“Bank of America” means Bank of America, N.A. and its successors.
“Base Rate” means for any day a fluctuating rate of interest per annum equal to the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate plus one-half of one percent (0.50%), (b) the rate of interest in effect for such day as publicly announced from time to time by Bank of America as its “prime rate,” and (c) the Eurocurrency Rate (for Dollars) plus one percent (1.00%), subject to the interest rate floors set forth therein; provided that if the Base Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed zero for purposes of this Agreement. The “prime rate” is a rate set by Bank of America based upon various factors including Bank of America’s costs and desired return, general economic conditions and other factors, and is used as a reference point for pricing some loans, which may be priced at, above, or below such announced rate. Any change in such prime rate

4

announced by Bank of America shall take effect at the opening of business on the day specified in the public announcement of such change. If the Base Rate is being used as an alternate rate of interest pursuant to Section 3.03 hereof, then the Base Rate shall be the greater of clauses (a) and (b) above and shall be determined without reference to clause (c) above.
“Base Rate Loan” means a Revolving Loan or a Term Loan that bears interest based on the Base Rate. All Base Rate Loans are available only to U.S. Borrowers and Loans denominated in Dollars.
“Beneficial Ownership Regulation” means 31 C.F.R. § 1010.230.
“Benefit Plan” means any of (a) an “employee benefit plan” (as defined in ERISA) that is subject to Title I of ERISA, (b) a “plan” as defined in and subject to Section 4975 of the Code or (c) any Person whose assets include (for purposes of ERISA Section 3(42) or otherwise for purposes of Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code) the assets of any such “employee benefit plan” or “plan”, but, for the avoidance of doubt, does not include any Canadian Pension Plan or any other benefit plan offered to employees in Canada.
“Borrower” and “Borrowers” each has the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph hereto.
“Borrower DTTP Filing” an H.M. Revenue & Customs’ Form DTTP2 duly completed and filed by the relevant UK Borrower, which (a) where it relates to a UK Treaty Lender that is a party to this Agreement as a Lender as at the date of this Agreement, contains the scheme reference number and jurisdiction of tax residence stated opposite that Lender’s name at Schedule 1.01(a), and is filed with HM Revenue & Customs within 30 days of the date of this Agreement: or (b) where it relates to a UK Treaty Lender that is not a party to this Agreement as a Lender as at the date of this Agreement, contains the scheme reference number and jurisdiction of tax residence stated in respect of that Lender in the documentation which it executes on becoming a party to this Agreement as a Lender, and is filed with H.M. Revenue & Customs within 30 days of the date on which that UK Treaty Lender becomes a Party to this Agreement as a Lender.
“Borrower Materials” has the meaning specified in Section 6.01(d).
“Borrowing” means a Revolving Borrowing, a Swingline Borrowing or a Term Borrowing, as the context may require.
“Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks are authorized to close under the Laws of, or are in fact closed in, the state where the Administrative Agent’s Office is located and, if such day relates to interest at a rate based on the Eurocurrency Rate, means any such day that is also a London Banking Day:
(a)    if such day relates to interest at a rate based on the Eurocurrency Rate with respect to a LIBOR Quoted Currency (other than Euros), means any such day that is also a London Banking Day;
(b)    if such day relates to any interest rate based on the Eurocurrency Rate with respect to a Non-LIBOR Quoted Currency, means any such day that is also open for banks for foreign exchange business in the principal financial center of the country of such currency; and
(c)    if such day relates to any fundings, disbursements, settlements and payments in a currency other than Dollars or Euros in respect of a Eurocurrency Rate Loan denominated in a currency other than Dollars or Euros, or any other dealings in any currency other than Dollars or Euro to be carried out pursuant to this Agreement in respect of any such Eurocurrency Rate Loan (other than any interest rate settings),

5

means any such day on which banks are open for foreign exchange business in the principal financial center of the country of such currency.
“Canadian AML Acts” means applicable Canadian law regarding anti-money laundering, anti-terrorist financing, government sanction and “know your client” matters, including the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act (Canada).
“Canadian Defined Benefit Pension Plan” means a Canadian Pension Plan that contains a "defined benefit provision" as such term is defined in Section 147.1(1) of the Income Tax Act (Canada).
“Canadian Dollar” and “CAD” means the lawful currency of Canada.
“Canadian Pension Plan” means a pension plan or plan that is subject to applicable pension benefits legislation in any jurisdiction of Canada and that is organized and administered to provide pensions, pension benefits or retirement benefits for employees and former employees of any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof, but, for the avoidance of doubt, does not include the Canada Pension Plan or the Quebec Pension Plan as maintained by the Government of Canada or the Province of Quebec, respectively.
“Canadian Sanctions List” means the list of names subject to the Regulations Establishing a List of Entities made under subsection 83.05(1) of the Criminal Code (Canada), the Regulations Implementing the United Nations Resolutions on the Suppression of Terrorism and/or the United Nations Al-Qaida and Taliban Regulations as published by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions Canada.
“Capitalized Leases” means all leases that have been or should be, in accordance with GAAP, recorded as capitalized leases; provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event will any lease that would have been categorized as an operating lease as determined in accordance with GAAP as of the Closing Date be considered a Capitalized Lease.
“Cash Collateralize” means to pledge and deposit with or deliver to the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of one or more of the L/C Issuers or Swingline Lenders (as applicable) or the Lenders, as Collateral for L/C Obligations, the Obligations in respect of Swingline Loans, or obligations of the Revolving Lenders to fund participations in respect of L/C Obligations or Swingline Loans (as the context may require), (a) cash or deposit account balances, (b) backstop letters of credit entered into on terms, from issuers and in amounts satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the applicable L/C Issuers, and/or (c) if the Administrative Agent and the applicable L/C Issuers or Swingline Lenders shall agree, in their sole discretion, other credit support, in each case, in Dollars and pursuant to documentation in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and such L/C Issuer or the Swingline Lender (as applicable).
“Cash Collateral” shall have a meaning correlative to the foregoing and shall include the proceeds of such Cash Collateral and other credit support.
“Cash Equivalents” means any of the following types of Investments, to the extent owned by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries free and clear of all Liens (other than Permitted Liens):
(a)    readily marketable obligations issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof having maturities of not more than three hundred sixty days (360) days from the date of acquisition thereof; provided that the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged in support thereof;

6

(b)    time deposits with, or insured certificates of deposit or bankers’ acceptances of, any commercial bank that (i) (A) is a Lender or (B) is organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia or is the principal banking subsidiary of a bank holding company organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia, and is a member of the Federal Reserve System, (ii) issues (or the parent of which issues) commercial paper rated as described in clause (c) of this definition and (iii) has combined capital and surplus of at least $1,000,000,000, in each case with maturities of not more than ninety (90) days from the date of acquisition thereof;
(c)    commercial paper issued by any Person organized under the laws of any state of the United States and rated at least “Prime-1” (or the then equivalent grade) by Moody’s or at least “A-1” (or the then equivalent grade) by S&P, in each case with maturities of not more than one hundred eighty (180) days from the date of acquisition thereof;
(d)    Investments, classified in accordance with GAAP as current assets of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, in money market investment programs registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, which are administered by financial institutions that have the highest rating obtainable from either Moody’s or S&P, and the portfolios of which are limited solely to Investments of the character, quality and maturity described in clauses (a), (b) and (c) of this definition; and
(e)    Investments permitted by the Borrower’s Investment Policy.
“Change in Law” means the occurrence, after the Closing Date, of any of the following: (a) the adoption or taking effect of any law, rule, regulation or treaty, (b) any change in any law, rule, regulation or treaty or in the administration, interpretation, implementation or application thereof by any Governmental Authority or (c) the making or issuance of any request, rule, guideline or directive (whether or not having the force of law) by any Governmental Authority; provided that notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (i) the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and all requests, rules, guidelines or directives thereunder or issued in connection therewith or in the implementation thereof and (ii) all requests, rules, guidelines or directives promulgated by the Bank for International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any successor or similar authority) or the United States or foreign regulatory authorities, in each case pursuant to Basel IV, shall in each case be deemed to be a “Change in Law”, regardless of the date enacted, adopted, issued or implemented.
“Change of Control” means an event or series of events by which any “person” or “group” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, but excluding (a) the holders of any Founder Family Shares, (b) any employee benefit plan of such person or its subsidiaries, and any person or entity acting in its capacity as trustee, agent or other fiduciary or administrator of any such plan, (c) any person or entity acting in its capacity as trustee, agent or other fiduciary on behalf of any person or group described in preceding clauses (a) or (b)) becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except that a person or group shall be deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of all securities that such person or group has the right to acquire, whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time (such right, an “option right”)), directly or indirectly, of thirty-five percent (35%) or more of the Equity Interests of the Company entitled to vote for members of the board of directors or equivalent governing body of the Company on a fully-diluted basis (and taking into account all such securities that such “person” or “group” has the right to acquire pursuant to any option right) or (d) the Company shall cease to own and control, of record and beneficially, directly or indirectly, at least 100% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding Equity Interests of each other Borrower on a fully diluted basis (which for this purpose shall excluded all

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Equity Interests that have not yet vested and Equity Interests issued to directors as qualifying shares to the extent such issuances are required under Applicable Law).
“Class”, when used in reference to any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans comprising such Borrowing, are Revolving Loans or Term Loans and, when used in reference to any Commitment, refers to whether such Commitment is a Revolving Commitment or Term Commitment.
“Closing Date” means the date hereof.
“Closing Date Acquisition” means the Acquisition by the Company of Target on the Closing Date pursuant to merger of Merger Sub with and into Target as set forth in the Closing Date Acquisition Agreement.

“Closing Date Acquisition Agreement” means that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of May 28, 2019 by and among the Company, Target, Merger Sub and the Shareholder Representative (as defined therein), including all schedules and exhibits thereto and all material documents entered into in connection therewith.

“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

“Commitment” means a Term Commitment or a Revolving Commitment, as the context may require.
“Company” has the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph hereto.
“Compliance Certificate” means a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit C or such other form as may be approved by the Administrative Agent.
“Connection Income Taxes” means Other Connection Taxes that are imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated) or that are franchise Taxes or branch profits Taxes.
“Consolidated EBITDA” means, for any period, the sum of the following determined on a consolidated basis, without duplication, for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP, (a) Consolidated Net Income for the most recently completed Measurement Period plus (b) the following to the extent deducted in calculating such Consolidated Net Income (without duplication): (i) Consolidated Interest Charges, (ii) the provision for federal, state, local and foreign income taxes payable and (iii) depreciation and amortization expense, (iv) non-cash charges, expenses and losses (excluding any such non-cash charges, expenses or losses to the extent (A) there were cash charges with respect to such charges and losses in past accounting periods or (B) there is a reasonable expectation that there will be cash charges with respect to such charges and losses in future accounting periods), (v)(a) other non-recurring items of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for any period prior to the Closing Date, and (b) other non-recurring items of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for any period on or after the Closing Date, provided that the amount added back to Consolidated Net Income pursuant to this clause (v)(b) shall not exceed 15% of Consolidated EBITDA for such period, and (vi) litigation expenses and liabilities, and settlements entered into to avoid litigation or to settle any claims, so long as no Event of Default exists under Section 8.01(h), less (c) without duplication and to the extent reflected as a gain or otherwise included in the calculation of Consolidated Net Income for such period (i) non-cash gains (excluding any such non-cash gains to the extent (A) there were cash gains with respect to such gains in past accounting periods or (B) there is a reasonable expectation that there will be cash gains with respect to such gains in future accounting periods).
“Consolidated Funded Indebtedness” means, as of any date of determination, for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, the sum of (a) the outstanding principal amount of all obligations, whether current or long-term, for borrowed money (including Obligations hereunder) and all obligations

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evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes, loan agreements or other similar instruments; (b) all purchase money Indebtedness; (c) all matured obligations then owed by the Borrower or any Subsidiary under issued and outstanding letters of credit (including standby and commercial), bankers’ acceptances, bank guaranties, surety bonds and similar instruments; (d) all obligations in respect of the deferred purchase price of property or services (other than trade accounts payable in the ordinary course of business); (e) all Attributable Indebtedness; (f)  without duplication, all Guarantees with respect to outstanding Indebtedness of the types specified in clauses (a) through (e) above of Persons other than the Borrower or any Subsidiary; and (g) all Indebtedness of the types referred to in clauses (a) through (f) above of any partnership or joint venture (other than a joint venture that is itself a corporation or limited liability company) in which the Borrower or a Subsidiary is a general partner or joint venturer, unless such Indebtedness is expressly made non-recourse to the Borrower or such Subsidiary.
“Consolidated Interest Charges” means, for any Measurement Period, the sum (without duplication) of (a) all interest, premium payments, debt discount, and similar charges attributable to such Measurement Period in connection with borrowed money (including capitalized interest) or in connection with the deferred purchase price of assets, in each case to the extent treated as interest in accordance with GAAP and (b) the portion of rent expense paid with respect to such Measurement Period under Capitalized Leases that is treated as interest in accordance with GAAP, in each case, of or by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis for the most recently completed Measurement Period.
“Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio of (a) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently completed Measurement Period to (b) Consolidated Interest Charges for the most recently completed Measurement Period to the extent paid in cash.
“Consolidated Leverage Ratio” means, as of any date of determination, the ratio of (a) Consolidated Funded Indebtedness as of such date to (b) Consolidated EBITDA for the most recently completed Measurement Period.
“Consolidated Net Income” means, at any date of determination, the net income (or loss) of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis for the most recently completed Measurement Period; provided that Consolidated Net Income shall exclude (a) extraordinary gains and extraordinary losses for such Measurement Period, (b) the net income of any Subsidiary during such Measurement Period to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions by such Subsidiary of such income is not permitted by operation of the terms of its Organization Documents or any agreement, instrument or Law applicable to such Subsidiary during such Measurement Period, except that the Borrower’s equity in the net income of any such Person for such Measurement Period shall be included in Consolidated Net Income up to the aggregate amount of cash actually distributed by such Person during such Measurement Period to the Borrower or a Subsidiary as a dividend or other distribution, and (c) any income (or loss) for such Measurement Period of any Person if such Person is not a Subsidiary, except that the Borrower’s equity in the net income of any such Person for such Measurement Period shall be included in Consolidated Net Income up to the aggregate amount of cash actually distributed by such Person during such Measurement Period to the Borrower or a Subsidiary as a dividend or other distribution.
“Consolidated Total Assets” means, as of the date of any determination thereof, total assets of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries calculated in accordance with GAAP on a consolidated basis as of such date.
“Contractual Obligation” means, as to any Person, any provision of any security issued by such Person or of any agreement, instrument or other undertaking to which such Person is a party or by which it or any of its property is bound.

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“Control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise. “Controlling” and “Controlled” have meanings correlative thereto.
“Credit Extension” means each of the following: (a) a Borrowing and (b) an L/C Credit Extension.
“CTA” means the Corporation Tax Act 2009 (UK).
“Debtor Relief Laws” means the Bankruptcy Code of the United States, the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada), the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (Canada), the Winding-Up and Restructuring Act (Canada), and all other liquidation, conservatorship, bankruptcy, assignment for the benefit of creditors, moratorium, rearrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, or similar debtor relief Laws of the United States, Canada or other applicable jurisdictions from time to time in effect and affecting the rights of creditors generally.
“Default” means any event or condition that constitutes an Event of Default or that, with the giving of any notice, the passage of time, or both, would be an Event of Default.
“Default Rate” means (a) with respect to any Obligation for which a rate is specified, a rate per annum equal to two percent (2%) in excess of the rate otherwise applicable thereto and (b) with respect to any Obligation for which a rate is not specified or available, a rate per annum equal to the Base Rate plus the Applicable Rate for Revolving Loans that are Base Rate Loans plus two percent (2%), in each case, to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law.
“Defaulting Lender” means, subject to Section 2.15(b), any Lender that (a) has failed to (i) fund all or any portion of its Loans within two (2) Business Days of the date such Loans were required to be funded hereunder unless such Lender notifies the Administrative Agent and the Company in writing that such failure is the result of such Lender’s determination that one or more conditions precedent to funding (each of which conditions precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing) has not been satisfied, or (ii) pay to the Administrative Agent, any L/C Issuer, any Swingline Lender or any other Lender any other amount required to be paid by it hereunder (including in respect of its participation in Letters of Credit or Swingline Loans) within two (2) Business Days of the date when due, (b) has notified the Company, the Administrative Agent, any L/C Issuer or any Swingline Lender in writing that it does not intend to comply with its funding obligations hereunder, or has made a public statement to that effect (unless such writing or public statement relates to such Lender’s obligation to fund a Loan hereunder and states that such position is based on such Lender’s determination that a condition precedent to funding (which condition precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing or public statement) cannot be satisfied), (c) has failed, within three (3) Business Days after written request by the Administrative Agent or the Company, to confirm in writing to the Administrative Agent and the Company that it will comply with its prospective funding obligations hereunder (provided that such Lender shall cease to be a Defaulting Lender pursuant to this clause (c) upon receipt of such written confirmation by the Administrative Agent and the Company), or (d) has, or has a direct or indirect parent company that has, (i) become the subject of a proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law, (ii) had appointed for it a receiver, custodian, conservator, trustee, administrator, assignee for the benefit of creditors or similar Person charged with reorganization or liquidation of its business or assets, including the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other state or federal regulatory authority acting in such a capacity or (iii) become the subject of a Bail-In Action; provided that a Lender shall not be a Defaulting Lender solely by virtue of the ownership or acquisition of any Equity Interest in that Lender or any direct or indirect parent company thereof by a Governmental Authority so long as such ownership interest does not result in or provide such Lender

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with immunity from the jurisdiction of courts within the United States or from the enforcement of judgments or writs of attachment on its assets or permit such Lender (or such Governmental Authority) to reject, repudiate, disavow or disaffirm any contracts or agreements made with such Lender. Any determination by the Administrative Agent that a Lender is a Defaulting Lender under any one or more of clauses (a) through (d) above, and the effective date of such status, shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error, and such Lender shall be deemed to be a Defaulting Lender (subject to Section 2.15(b)) as of the date established therefor by the Administrative Agent in a written notice of such determination, which shall be delivered by the Administrative Agent to the Company, each L/C Issuer, the Swingline Lender and each other Lender promptly following such determination.
“Designated Borrower” has the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph hereto.
“Designated Borrower Request and Assumption Agreement” means the notice substantially in the form of Exhibit O attached hereto.
“Designated Borrower Notice” means the notice substantially in the form of Exhibit P attached hereto.
“Designated Lender” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.17.
“Designated Jurisdiction” means any country or territory to the extent that such country or territory is the subject of any Sanction.
“Disposition” or “Dispose” means the sale, transfer, license, lease or other disposition of any property by any Loan Party or Subsidiary (or the granting of any option or other right to do any of the foregoing), including any sale, assignment, transfer or other disposal, with or without recourse, of any notes or accounts receivable or any rights and claims associated therewith, but excluding any Involuntary Disposition.
“Dividing Person” has the meaning assigned to it in the definition of “Division”.
“Division” means the division of the assets, liabilities and/or obligations of a Person (the “Dividing Person”) among two or more Persons (whether pursuant to a “plan of division” or similar arrangement), which may or may not include the Dividing Person and pursuant to which the Dividing Person may or may not survive.
“Division Successor” means any Person that, upon the consummation of a Division of a Dividing Person, holds all or any portion of the assets, liabilities and/or obligations previously held by such Dividing Person immediately prior to the consummation of such Division. A Dividing Person which retains any of its assets, liabilities and/or obligations after a Division shall be deemed a Division Successor upon the occurrence of such Division.
“Dollar” and “$” mean lawful money of the United States.
“Dollar Equivalent” means, for any amount, at the time of determination thereof, (a) if such amount is expressed in dollars, such amount, (b) if such amount is expressed in an Alternative Currency, the equivalent of such amount in dollars determined by using the rate of exchange for the purchase of dollars with the Alternative Currency last provided (either by publication or otherwise provided to the Administrative Agent or the applicable L/C Issuer, as applicable) by the applicable Bloomberg source (or such other publicly available source for displaying exchange rates) on date that is two (2) Business Days immediately preceding the date of determination (or if such service ceases to be available or ceases to provide such rate of exchange,

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the equivalent of such amount in dollars as determined by the Administrative Agent or the applicable L/C Issuer, as applicable using any method of determination it deems appropriate in its sole discretion) and (c) if such amount is denominated in any other currency, the equivalent of such amount in dollars as determined by the Administrative Agent or the applicable L/C Issuer, as applicable, using any method of determination it deems appropriate in its sole discretion. Any determination by the Administrative Agent or the applicable L/C Issuer pursuant to clauses (b) or (c) above shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
“Domestic Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of any political subdivision of the United States.
“EEA Financial Institution” means (a) any credit institution or investment firm established in any EEA Member Country which is subject to the supervision of an EEA Resolution Authority, (b) any entity established in an EEA Member Country which is a parent of an institution described in clause (a) of this definition, or (c) any financial institution established in an EEA Member Country which is a subsidiary of an institution described in clauses (a) or (b) of this definition and is subject to consolidated supervision with its parent.
“EEA Member Country” means any of the member states of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.
“EEA Resolution Authority” means any public administrative authority or any person entrusted with public administrative authority of any EEA Member Country (including any delegee) having responsibility for the resolution of any EEA Financial Institution.
“Eligible Assignee” means any Person that meets the requirements to be an assignee under Section 11.06 (subject to such consents, if any, as may be required under Section 11.06(b)(iii)).
“Eligible Currency” means any lawful currency other than Dollars that is readily available, freely transferable and convertible into Dollars in the international interbank market available to the Lenders in such market and as to which a Dollar Equivalent may be readily calculated. If, after the designation by the Lenders of any currency as an Alternative Currency, any change in currency controls or exchange regulations or any change in the national or international financial, political or economic conditions are imposed in the country in which such currency is issued, result in, in the reasonable opinion of the Administrative Agent (in the case of any Loans to be denominated in an Alternative Currency) or the L/C Issuers (in the case of any Letter of Credit to be denominated in an Alternative Currency), (a) such currency no longer being readily available, freely transferable and convertible into Dollars, (b) a Dollar Equivalent is no longer readily calculable with respect to such currency, (c) providing such currency is impracticable for the Lenders or (d) no longer a currency in which the Required Lenders are willing to make such Credit Extensions (each of clauses (a), (b), (c), and (d) a “Disqualifying Event”), then the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Lenders and the Company, and such country’s currency shall no longer be an Alternative Currency until such time as the Disqualifying Event(s) no longer exist. Within five (5) Business Days after receipt of such notice from the Administrative Agent, the Borrowers shall repay all Loans in such currency to which the Disqualifying Event applies or convert such Loans into the Dollar Equivalent of Loans in Dollars, subject to the other terms contained herein.
“Eligible Foreign Subsidiary” means (i) any direct or indirect Foreign Subsidiary of the Borrower that contributed 2.5% or more of consolidated net revenue of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in any fiscal year or, in the case of the consummation of any Permitted Acquisition (calculated on a Pro Forma Basis taking into account the consummation of such Permitted Acquisition) as if such Acquisition occurred on the first day of the fiscal year most recently ended, (ii) each of Morningstar Research Inc., Morningstar UK

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Limited, Morningstar Holland B.V. and Morningstar Australasia Pty Ltd. or (iii) any other Foreign Subsidiary agreed to by the Administrative Agent, in each case, subject to compliance with the terms and conditions set forth in Section 2.16 herein.
“Environmental Laws” means any and all federal, state, local, and foreign statutes, laws, regulations, ordinances, rules, judgments, orders, decrees, permits, concessions, grants, franchises, licenses, agreements or governmental restrictions relating to pollution and the protection of the environment or the release of any materials into the environment, including those related to hazardous substances or wastes, air emissions and discharges to waste or public systems.
“Equity Interests” means, with respect to any Person, all of the shares of capital stock or shares in the share capital of (or other ownership or profit interests in) such Person, all of the warrants, options or other rights for the purchase or acquisition from such Person of shares of capital stock of (or other ownership or profit interests in) such Person, all of the securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of (or other ownership or profit interests in) such Person or warrants, rights or options for the purchase or acquisition from such Person of such shares (or such other interests), and all of the other ownership or profit interests in such Person (including partnership, member or trust interests therein), whether voting or nonvoting, and whether or not such shares, warrants, options, rights or other interests are outstanding on any date of determination.
“ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“ERISA Affiliate” means any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) under common control with the Borrower within the meaning of Section 414(b) or (c) of the Code (and Sections 414(m) and (o) of the Code for purposes of provisions relating to Section 412 of the Code).
“ERISA Event” means (a) a Reportable Event with respect to a Pension Plan; (b) the withdrawal of the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate from a Pension Plan subject to Section 4063 of ERISA during a plan year in which such entity was a “substantial employer” as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA or a cessation of operations that is treated as such a withdrawal under Section 4062(e) of ERISA; (c) a complete or partial withdrawal by the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate from a Multiemployer Plan or notification that a Multiemployer Plan is in reorganization; (d) the termination of a Pension Plan or the filing of a notice of intent to terminate a Pension Plan; (e) the institution by the PBGC of proceedings to terminate a Pension Plan; (f) the determination that any Pension Plan is considered an at-risk plan or a plan in endangered or critical status within the meaning of Sections 430, 431 and 432 of the Code or Sections 303, 304 and 305 of ERISA; or (g) the imposition of any liability under Title IV of ERISA, other than for PBGC premiums due but not delinquent under Section 4007 of ERISA, upon the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate.
“EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule” means the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule published by the Loan Market Association (or any successor person), as in effect from time to time.
“Euro” and “€” mean the single currency of the Participating Member States.
“Eurocurrency Rate” means:
(a)    for any Interest Period, with respect to any Credit Extension:
(i)    denominated in a LIBOR Quoted Currency, the rate per annum equal to the London Interbank Offered Rate as administered by ICE Benchmark Administration (or any other Person that

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takes over the administration of such rate for U.S. Dollars for a period equal in length to such Interest Period) (“LIBOR”), as published on the applicable Bloomberg screen page (or such other commercially available source providing such quotations as may be designated by the Administrative Agent from time to time) (in such case, the “LIBOR Rate”) at or about 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the Rate Determination Date, for deposits in the relevant currency, with a term equivalent to such Interest Period;
(ii)    denominated in Canadian Dollars, the rate per annum equal to the Canadian Dollar Offered Rate (“CDOR”), or a comparable or successor rate which rate is approved by the Administrative Agent, as published on the applicable Bloomberg screen page (or such other commercially available source providing such quotations as may be designated by the Administrative Agent from time to time) (in such case, the “CDOR Rate”) at or about 10:00a.m. (Toronto, Ontario time) on the Rate Determination Date with a term equivalent to such Interest Period; and
(iii)    denominated in Australian Dollars, the rate per annum equal to the Bank Bill Swap Reference Bid Rate, or a comparable or successor rate which rate is approved by the Administrative Agent, as published on the applicable Bloomberg screen page (or such other commercially available source providing such quotations as may be designated by the Administrative Agent from time to time) at or about 10:30 a12:00 p.m. (Melbourne, Australia time) on the Rate Determination Date with a term equivalent to such Interest Period;
(b)    for any interest rate calculation with respect to a Base Rate Loan on any date, the rate per annum equal to the LIBOR Rate, at or about 11:00 a.m. (London time) determined two (2) Business Days prior to such date for Dollar deposits being delivered in the London interbank market for deposits in Dollars with a term of one (1) month commencing that day.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Eurocurrency Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for purposes of this Agreement.
“Eurocurrency Rate Loan” means a Loan that bears interest at a rate based on clause (a) of the definition of “Eurocurrency Rate”. Eurocurrency Rate Loans may be denominated in Dollars or in an Alternative Currency. All Loans denominated in an Alternative Currency or made to a Foreign Borrower must be Eurocurrency Rate Loans.
“Event of Default” has the meaning specified in Section 8.01.
“Excluded Taxes” means any of the following Taxes imposed on or with respect to any Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to a Recipient, (a) Taxes imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated), franchise Taxes, and branch profits Taxes, in each case, (i) imposed as a result of such Recipient being organized under the laws of, or having its principal office or, in the case of any Lender, its Lending Office located in, the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (or any political subdivision thereof) or (ii) that are Other Connection Taxes, (b) in the case of a Lender, U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed on amounts payable to or for the account of such Lender with respect to an applicable interest in a Loan or Commitment pursuant to a law in effect on the date on which (i) such Lender acquires such interest in the Loan or Commitment (other than pursuant to an assignment request by the Borrower under Section 11.13) or (ii) such Lender changes its Lending Office, except in each case to the extent that, pursuant to Sections 3.01(b) or (d), amounts with respect to such Taxes were payable either to such Lender’s assignor immediately before such Lender became a party hereto or to such Lender immediately before it changed its Lending Office, (c) Taxes attributable to such Recipient’s failure to comply with Section 3.01(f), (d) any

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U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed pursuant to FATCA and (e) any Bank Levy. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this definition, “Excluded Taxes” shall not include any withholding tax imposed at any time on payments made by or on behalf of a Foreign Borrower to any Lender hereunder or under any other Loan Document, provided that such Lender shall have complied with Section 3.01(f).
“Existing Credit Agreement” means that certain Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of November 4, 2016 among the Borrower, the Loan Parties and Bank of America, N.A., as lender, as amended, amended and restated or otherwise modified from time to time prior to the date hereof.
“Facility” means the Revolving Facility or the Term Facility, as the context may require.
“Facility Termination Date” means the date as of which all of the following shall have occurred: (a) the Aggregate Commitments have terminated, (b) all Obligations have been paid in full (other than contingent indemnification obligations), and (c) all Letters of Credit have terminated or expired (other than Letters of Credit as to which other arrangements with respect thereto satisfactory to Administrative Agent and the applicable L/C Issuers shall have been made).
“FATCA” means Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version that is substantively comparable and not materially more onerous to comply with), any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof and any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b)(1) of the Code.
“FATCA Deduction” a deduction or withholding from a payment under a Loan Document required by FATCA.
“FATCA Exempt Party” a party to this Agreement that is entitled to receive payment free from any FATCA Deduction.
“FASB ASC” means the Accounting Standards Codification of the Financial Accounting Standards Board.
“Federal Funds Rate” means, for any day, the rate per annum calculated by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York based on such day’s federal funds transactions by depository institutions (as determined in such manner as the Federal Reserve Bank of New York shall set forth on its public website from time to time) and published on the next succeeding Business Day by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as the federal funds effective rate; provided that if the Federal Funds Rate as so determined would be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for the purposes of this Agreement.
“Fee Letter” means the amended and restated letter agreement, dated July 2, 2019 between the Borrower and Bank of America.
“Foreign Borrower” means any Borrower that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the Unites States, a state thereof or the District of Columbia.
“Foreign Lender” means, with respect to any Borrower (a) if such Borrower is a U.S. Person, a Lender that is not a U.S. Person, and (b) if the Borrower is not a U.S. Person, a Lender that is resident or organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than that in which the Borrower is resident for tax purposes. For purposes of this definition, the United States, each State thereof and the District of Columbia shall be deemed to constitute a single jurisdiction.

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“Foreign Obligor” means a Loan Party that is a Foreign Subsidiary.
“Foreign Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary that is not organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States, a State thereof or the District of Columbia.
“Founder Family Shares” mean any Equity Interests held, directly or indirectly, by Joe Mansueto, his spouse, parents, siblings or descendants (whether by birth, adoption or marriage) and any trustee or custodian for and on behalf of any of the foregoing.
“Fronting Exposure” means, at any time there is a Defaulting Lender that is a Revolving Lender, (a) with respect to any L/C Issuer, such Defaulting Lender’s Applicable Percentage of the outstanding L/C Obligations other than L/C Obligations as to which such Defaulting Lender’s participation obligation has been reallocated to other Revolving Lenders or Cash Collateralized in accordance with the terms hereof, and (b) with respect to the Swingline Lender, such Defaulting Lender’s Applicable Percentage of Swingline Loans other than Swingline Loans as to which such Defaulting Lender’s participation obligation has been reallocated to other Revolving Lenders or Cash Collateralized in accordance with the terms hereof.
“Fund” means any Person (other than a natural Person) that is (or will be) engaged in making, purchasing, holding or otherwise investing in commercial loans and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary course of its activities.
“Funding Indemnity Letter” means a funding indemnity letter, substantially in the form of Exhibit K.
“GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States set forth from time to time in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (or agencies with similar functions of comparable stature and authority within the accounting profession) including, without limitation, the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, that are applicable to the circumstances as of the date of determination, or in the United Kingdom, in each case consistently applied and subject to Section 1.03.
“Governmental Authority” means the government of the United States or any other nation, or of any political subdivision thereof, whether state, provincial or local, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government (including, without limitation, any supra-national bodies such as the European Union or the European Central Bank).
“Guarantee” means, as to any Person, (a) any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of such Person guaranteeing or having the economic effect of guaranteeing any Indebtedness of the kind described in clauses (a) through (h) of the definition thereof or other obligation payable or performable by another Person (the “primary obligor”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, and including any obligation of such Person, direct or indirect, (i) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness or other obligation, (ii) to purchase or lease property, securities or services for the purpose of assuring the obligee in respect of such Indebtedness or other obligation of the payment or performance of such Indebtedness or other obligation, (iii) to maintain working capital, equity capital or any other financial statement condition or liquidity or level of income or cash flow of the primary obligor so as to enable the primary obligor to pay such Indebtedness or other obligation, or (iv) entered into for the purpose of assuring in any other manner the obligee in respect of such Indebtedness or other obligation of the payment or performance thereof or to protect such obligee against loss in respect thereof (in whole or in part), or (b) any

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Lien on any assets of such Person securing any Indebtedness of the kind described in clauses (a) through (h) of the definition thereof or other obligation of any other Person, whether or not such Indebtedness or other obligation is assumed or expressly undertaken by such Person (or any right, contingent or otherwise, of any holder of such Indebtedness to obtain any such Lien) but limited to the fair market value of the assets securing such Indebtedness or other obligations. The amount of any Guarantee shall be deemed to be an amount equal to the stated or determinable amount of the related primary obligation, or portion thereof, in respect of which such Guarantee is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof as determined by the guaranteeing Person in good faith. The term “Guarantee” as a verb has a corresponding meaning.
“Guaranteed Obligations” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.01.
“Guaranteed Parties” means, collectively, the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Indemnitees.
“Guarantor(s)” means, (a) in respect of the Obligations of the Company and each Designated Borrower, (i) Morningstar Investment Management LLC, (ii) Morningstar Research Services LLC, (iii) Morningstar Ratings Holding Corp. and (iv) the Subsidiaries of the Company as are or may from time to time become parties to this Agreement pursuant to Section 6.13, and (b) in addition to the foregoing, in respect of the Obligations of the Designated Borrowers, the Company.
“Guaranty” means, collectively, the Guarantee made by the Guarantors under Article X in favor of the Guaranteed Parties, together with each other guaranty delivered pursuant to Section 6.13.
“Hazardous Materials” means all explosive or radioactive substances or wastes and all hazardous or toxic substances, wastes or other pollutants, including petroleum or petroleum distillates, asbestos or asbestos-containing materials, polychlorinated biphenyls, radon gas, infectious or medical wastes and all other substances or wastes of any nature regulated pursuant to any Environmental Law.
“Honor Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.03(c).
“Impacted Loans” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.03(a).
“Indebtedness” means, as to any Person at a particular time, without duplication, all of the following, whether or not included as indebtedness or liabilities in accordance with GAAP:
(a)    all obligations of such Person for borrowed money and all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes, loan agreements or other similar instruments;
(b)    all direct or contingent obligations of such Person arising under letters of credit (including standby), bankers’ acceptances, bank guaranties and similar instruments;
(c)    net obligations of such Person under any Swap Contract;
(d)    all obligations (excluding earnout obligations that do not constitute indebtedness in accordance with GAAP) of such Person to pay the deferred purchase price of property or services (other than trade accounts payable in the ordinary course of business);
(e)    indebtedness (excluding prepaid interest thereon) secured by a Lien on property owned or being purchased by such Person (including indebtedness arising under conditional sales or other title retention

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agreements), whether or not such indebtedness shall have been assumed by such Person or is limited in recourse, but limited to the value of such property securing such indebtedness;
(f)    all Attributable Indebtedness in respect of Capitalized Leases of such Person; and
(g)    all Guarantees of such Person in respect of any of the foregoing.
For all purposes hereof, the Indebtedness of any Person shall include the Indebtedness of any partnership or joint venture (other than a joint venture that is itself a corporation or limited liability company) in which such Person is a general partner or a joint venturer, unless such Indebtedness is expressly made non-recourse to such Person. The amount of any net obligation under any Swap Contract on any date shall be deemed to be the Swap Termination Value thereof as of such date.
“Indemnified Taxes” means all (a) Taxes, other than Excluded Taxes, imposed on or with respect to any payment made by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document and (b) to the extent not otherwise described in clause (a), Other Taxes.
“Indemnitees” has the meaning specified in Section 11.04(b).
“Information” has the meaning specified in Section 11.07.
“Intercompany Debt” has the meaning specified in Section 7.02(d).
“Interest Payment Date” means, (a) as to any Loan other than a Base Rate Loan, the last day of each Interest Period applicable to such Loan and the Maturity Date of the Facility under which such Loan was made; provided, however, that if any Interest Period for a Eurocurrency Rate Loan exceeds three (3) months, the respective dates that fall every three (3) months after the beginning of such Interest Period shall also be Interest Payment Dates; and (b) as to any Base Rate Loan or Swingline Loan, the last Business Day of each March, June, September and December and the Maturity Date of the Facility under which such Loan was made (with Swingline Loans being deemed made under the Revolving Facility for purposes of this definition).
“Interest Period” means, as to each Eurocurrency Rate Loan, the period commencing on the date such Eurocurrency Rate Loan is disbursed or converted to or continued as a Eurocurrency Rate Loan and ending on the date one (1), two (2), three (3) or six (6) months thereafter (in each case, subject to availability for the interest rate applicable to the relevant currency), as selected by the Borrower in its Loan Notice; provided that:
(a)    any Interest Period that would otherwise end on a day that is not a Business Day shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day unless such Business Day falls in another calendar month, in which case such Interest Period shall end on the next preceding Business Day;
(b)    any Interest Period that begins on the last Business Day of a calendar month (or on a day for which there is no numerically corresponding day in the calendar month at the end of such Interest Period) shall end on the last Business Day of the calendar month at the end of such Interest Period; and
(c)    no Interest Period shall extend beyond the Maturity Date of the Facility under which such Loan was made.
“Investment” means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect acquisition or investment by such Person, whether by means of (a) the purchase or other acquisition of Equity Interests of another Person (including

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as a Division Successor pursuant to the Division of any Person that was not a wholly owned Subsidiary prior to such Division), (b) a loan, advance or capital contribution to, Guarantee or assumption of debt of, or purchase or other acquisition of any other debt or interest in, another Person (including any partnership or joint venture interest in such other Person and any arrangement pursuant to which the investor guaranties Indebtedness of such other Person), or (c) the purchase or other acquisition (in one transaction or a series of transactions) of assets of another Person which constitute all or substantially all of the assets of such Person or of a division, line of business or other business unit of such Person. For purposes of covenant compliance, the amount of any Investment shall be the amount actually invested, without adjustment for subsequent increases or decreases in the value of such Investment.
“Investment Policy” means the Investment Policy of the Borrower, dated September 25, 2015, delivered to the Administrative Agent prior to the date hereof, as such policy may be amended from time to time with the approval of the Board of Directors of the Company.
“Involuntary Disposition” means any loss of, damage to or destruction of, or any condemnation or other taking for public use of, any property of any Loan Party or any Subsidiary.
“IRS” means the United States Internal Revenue Service.
“ISP” means the International Standby Practices, International Chamber of Commerce Publication No. 590 (or such later version thereof as may be in effect at the applicable time).
“Issuer Documents” means with respect to any Letter of Credit, the Letter of Credit Application, and any other document, agreement and instrument entered into by any L/C Issuer and the Borrower (or any Subsidiary) or in favor of such L/C Issuer and relating to such Letter of Credit.
“ITA” means the Income Tax Act 2007 (UK).
“Joinder Agreement” means a joinder agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit D executed and delivered in accordance with the provisions of Section 6.13.
“Judgment Currency” has the meaning specified in Section 11.21.
“Laws” means, collectively, all international, foreign, federal, state, provincial and local statutes, treaties, rules, guidelines, regulations, ordinances, codes and administrative or judicial precedents or authorities, including the interpretation or administration thereof by any Governmental Authority charged with the enforcement, interpretation or administration thereof, and all applicable administrative orders, directed duties, requests, licenses, authorizations and permits of, and agreements with, any Governmental Authority.
“L/C Advance” means, with respect to each Revolving Lender, such Lender’s funding of its participation in any L/C Borrowing in accordance with its Applicable Revolving Percentage.
“L/C Borrowing” means an extension of credit resulting from a drawing under any Letter of Credit which has not been reimbursed on the date when made or refinanced as a Revolving Borrowing.
“L/C Commitment” means, with respect to each L/C Issuer, the commitment of such L/C Issuer to issue Letters of Credit hereunder. The initial amount of each L/C Issuer’s Letter of Credit Commitment is set forth on Schedule 2.03, or if an L/C Issuer has entered into an Assignment and Assumption or has otherwise assumed a Letter of Credit Commitment after the Closing Date, the amount set forth for such L/C Issuer as

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its Letter of Credit Commitment in the Register maintained by the Administrative Agent. The Letter of Credit Commitment of an L/C Issuer may be modified from time to time by agreement between such L/C Issuer and the Company, and notified to the Administrative Agent.
“L/C Credit Extension” means, with respect to any Letter of Credit, the issuance thereof or extension of the expiry date thereof, or the increase of the amount thereof.
“L/C Issuer” means (a) with respect to a particular Letter of Credit denominated in Dollars, (i) each L/C Issuer in its capacity as issuer of such Letter of Credit, or any successor issuer thereof, (ii) such other Lender selected by the Company pursuant to Section 2.03(s) from time to time to issue such Letter of Credit (provided that no Lender shall be required to become an L/C Issuer pursuant to this clause (b) without such Lender’s consent), or any successor issuer thereof or (iii) any Lender selected by the Company (with the prior consent of the Administrative Agent) to replace a Lender who is a Defaulting Lender at the time of such Lender’s appointment as an L/C Issuer (provided that no Lender shall be required to become an L/C Issuer pursuant to this clause (c) without such Lender’s consent), or any successor issuer thereof, and (b) with respect to a particular Letter of Credit denominated in an Alternative Currency, Bank of America in its capacity as issuer of such Letters of Credit, or any successor issuer thereof.
“L/C Obligations” means, as at any date of determination, the aggregate amount available to be drawn under all outstanding Letters of Credit plus the aggregate of all Unreimbursed Amounts (including all L/C Borrowings). For purposes of computing the amount available to be drawn under any Letter of Credit, the amount of such Letter of Credit shall be determined in accordance with Section 1.06. For all purposes of this Agreement, if on any date of determination a Letter of Credit has expired by its terms but any amount may still be drawn thereunder by reason of the operation of Rule 3.14 of the ISP, such Letter of Credit shall be deemed to be “outstanding” in the amount so remaining available to be drawn.
“Lender” means each of the Persons identified as a “Lender” on the signature pages hereto, each other Person that becomes a “Lender” in accordance with this Agreement and, their successors and assigns and, unless the context requires otherwise, includes the Swingline Lenders. The term “Lender” shall include any Designated Lender who has funded any Credit Extension.
“Lending Office” means, as to the Administrative Agent, any L/C Issuer or any Lender, the office or offices of such Person described as such in such Person’s Administrative Questionnaire, or such other office or offices as such Person may from time to time notify the Company and the Administrative Agent; which office may include any Affiliate of such Person or any domestic or foreign branch of such Person or such Affiliate.
“Letter of Credit” means any letter of credit issued hereunder.
“Letter of Credit Application” means an application and agreement for the issuance or amendment of a Letter of Credit in the form from time to time in use by the applicable L/C Issuer.
“Letter of Credit Expiration Date” means the day that is seven (7) days prior to the Maturity Date then in effect for the Revolving Facility (or, if such day is not a Business Day, the next preceding Business Day).
“Letter of Credit Fee” has the meaning specified in Section 2.03(l).
“Letter of Credit Report” means a certificate substantially the form of Exhibit M or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.

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“Letter of Credit Sublimit” means, as of any date of determination, an amount equal to the lesser of (a) $50,000,000 and (b) the Revolving Facility; provided that each L/C Issuer’s Letter of Credit Sublimit shall not exceed its L/C Commitment. The Letter of Credit Sublimit is part of, and not in addition to, the Revolving Facility.
“LIBOR” has the meaning specified in the definition of Eurocurrency Rate.
“LIBOR Quoted Currency” means (a) Dollars, (b) Euros, (c) Sterling and (d) solely to the extent approved as an Alternative Currency in accordance with Section 1.08, Yen and Swiss Francs, in each case as long as there is a published LIBOR rate with respect thereto.
“LIBOR Screen Rate” means the LIBOR quote on the applicable screen page the Administrative Agent designates to determine LIBOR (or such other commercially available source providing such quotations as may be designated by the Administrative Agent from time to time).
“LIBOR Successor Rate” has the meaning specified in Section 3.03(c).
“LIBOR Successor Rate Conforming Changes” has the meaning specified in Section 3.03(f).
“Lien” means any mortgage, pledge, hypothecation, assignment, deposit arrangement, encumbrance, lien (statutory or otherwise), charge, or preference, priority or other security interest or preferential arrangement in the nature of a security interest of any kind or nature whatsoever (including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any easement, right of way or other encumbrance on title to real property and any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing), other than a security interest as defined in section 12(3) of the Personal Property Securities Act 2009 (Cth) that does not in substance support a performance or payment obligation.
“Loan” means an extension of credit by a Lender to the Borrower under Article II in the form of a Revolving Loan, Term Loan or a Swingline Loan.
“Loan Documents” means, collectively, (a) this Agreement, (b) the Guaranty and (c) each Issuer Document, (d) each Designated Borrower Request and Assumption Agreement and (e) all other certificates, agreements, documents and instruments executed and delivered, in each case, by or on behalf of any Loan Party pursuant to the foregoing and any amendments, modifications or supplements thereto or to any other Loan Document or waivers hereof or to any other Loan Document.
“Loan Notice” means a notice of (a) a Borrowing, (b) a conversion of Loans from one Type to the other, or (c) a continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans, pursuant to Section 2.02(a), which shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit E or such other form as may be approved by the Administrative Agent (including any form on an electronic platform or electronic transmission system as shall be approved by the Administrative Agent), appropriately completed and signed by a Responsible Officer of the Company.
“Loan Parties” means, collectively, the Company, each Designated Borrower and each Guarantor.
“London Banking Day” means any day on which dealings in Dollar deposits are conducted by and between banks in the London interbank eurodollar market.
“Mandatory Cost” means any amount incurred periodically by any Lender with respect to the Borrower and similarly situated borrowers during the term of the Facility which constitutes fees, costs or charges imposed on lenders generally in the jurisdiction in which such Lender is domiciled, subject to

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regulation, or has its Lending Office by any Governmental Authority, in each case, incurred by such Lender in respect of any Revolving Exposure in connection with the making of any Revolving Loans, or issuance of any Letters of Credit, in an Alternative Currency.
“Master Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the definition of “Swap Contract.”
“Material Adverse Effect” means (a) a material adverse change in, or a material adverse effect upon, the operations, business, properties, liabilities or financial condition of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (b) a material impairment of the rights and remedies of the Lenders under any Loan Document, or of the ability of any Loan Party to perform its obligations under any Loan Document to which it is a party; or (c) a material adverse effect upon the legality, validity, binding effect or enforceability against any Loan Party of any Loan Document to which it is a party.
“Material Disposition” means (a) a Disposition by the Borrower or one of its Subsidiaries of a Subsidiary, other Person, or line of business with a value in excess of 10% or more of Consolidated Total Assets of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the date of such Disposition, and (b) if, as of the date of any Disposition pursuant to Section 7.05(e), all Dispositions made by the Loan Parties and their respective Subsidiaries of assets during the current fiscal year of the Borrower up to, and including, such date, pursuant to Section 7.05(e) have an aggregate net book value in excess of 10% or more of Consolidated Total Assets of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of such date, all Dispositions made pursuant to Section 7.05(e) in such fiscal year shall be treated as one Material Disposition.
“Material Subsidiary” means any direct or indirect Domestic Subsidiary of the Borrower that contributed 10% or more of consolidated net revenue of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in any fiscal year or, in the case of the consummation of any Permitted Acquisition (calculated on a Pro Forma Basis taking into account the consummation of such Permitted Acquisition) as if such Acquisition occurred on the first day of the fiscal year most recently ended; provided that notwithstanding the foregoing, no Subsidiary that is a broker dealer or that is a nationally recognized statistical rating organization shall be a Material Subsidiary.
“Maturity Date” means (a) with respect to the Revolving Facility, July 2, 2024 and (b) with respect to the Term Facility, July 2, 2024; provided, however, that in each case, if such date is not a Business Day, the Maturity Date shall be the next preceding Business Day.
“Measurement Period” means, at any date of determination, the most recently completed four (4) fiscal quarters of the Borrower (or, for purposes of determining Pro Forma Compliance, the most recently completed four (4) fiscal quarters of the Borrower for which financial statements have been delivered pursuant to Section 6.01 or Section 6.01 of the Existing Credit Agreement).
“Merger Sub” means Alpine Merger Co., an exempted company incorporated under the Laws of the Cayman Islands.
“Minimum Collateral Amount” means, at any time, (a) with respect to Cash Collateral consisting of cash or deposit account balances, an amount equal to 105% of the Fronting Exposure of all L/C Issuers with respect to Letters of Credit issued and outstanding at such time and (b) otherwise, an amount determined by the Administrative Agent and the L/C Issuers in their sole discretion.
“Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and any successor thereto.
“Morningstar Seed Portfolios” means proprietary portfolios of the Borrower held in investments accounts or investments vehicles (including mutual funds, exchange-traded funds and other similar

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investment vehicles registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or similar foreign Applicable Law) consisting of stocks, bonds, options, commodities, mutual funds, money market funds, or exchange-traded funds (including Margin Stock).
“Multiemployer Plan” means any employee benefit plan of the type described in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA, to which the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate makes or is obligated to make contributions, or during the preceding five (5) plan years, has made or been obligated to make contributions, but, for the avoidance of doubt, does not include any Canadian Pension Plan or any other benefit plan offered to employees in Canada.
“Multiple Employer Plan” means a Plan which has two or more contributing sponsors (including the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate) at least two of whom are not under common control, as such a plan is described in Section 4064 of ERISA, but, for the avoidance of doubt, does not include any Canadian Pension Plan or any other benefit plan offered to employees in Canada.
“New Revolving Lender” has the meaning specified in Section 2.18(c).
“Non-Consenting Lender” means any Lender that does not approve any consent, waiver or amendment that (a) requires the approval of all Lenders or all affected Lenders, or all Lenders or all affected Lenders in a Facility, in accordance with the terms of Section 11.01 and (b) has been approved by the Required Lenders.
“Non-Defaulting Lender” means, at any time, each Lender that is not a Defaulting Lender at such time.
“Non-LIBOR Quoted Currency” means any currency other than a LIBOR Quoted Currency.
“Non-Reinstatement Deadline” has the meaning specified in Section 2.03(b)(iii).
“Note” means a Term Note or a Revolving Note, as the context may require.
“Notice of Additional L/C Issuer” means a certificate substantially the form of Exhibit N or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.
“Notice of Loan Prepayment” means a notice of prepayment with respect to a Loan, which shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit L or such other form as may be approved by the Administrative Agent (including any form on an electronic platform or electronic transmission system as shall be approved by the Administrative Agent), appropriately completed and signed by a Responsible Officer.
“Obligations” means (a) all advances to, and debts, liabilities, obligations, covenants and duties of, any Loan Party arising under any Loan Document or otherwise with respect to any Loan, or Letter of Credit and (b) all costs and expenses incurred in connection with enforcement and collection of the foregoing, including the fees, charges and disbursements of counsel, in each case whether direct or indirect (including those acquired by assumption), absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter arising and including interest, expenses and fees that accrue after the commencement by or against any Loan Party or any Affiliate thereof pursuant to any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Laws naming such Person as the debtor in such proceeding, regardless of whether such interest and fees are allowed claims in such proceeding.
“OFAC” means the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the United States Department of the Treasury.

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“Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit I or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.
“Organization Documents” means, (a) with respect to any corporation, the charter or certificate or articles of incorporation and the bylaws (or equivalent or comparable constitutive documents with respect to any non-U.S. jurisdiction); (b) with respect to any limited liability company, the certificate or articles of formation, association or organization and operating agreement or limited liability company agreement (or equivalent or comparable documents with respect to any non-U.S. jurisdiction); (c) with respect to any partnership, joint venture, trust or other form of business entity, the partnership, joint venture or other applicable agreement of formation or organization (or equivalent or comparable documents with respect to any non-U.S. jurisdiction) and (d) with respect to all entities, any agreement, instrument, filing or notice with respect thereto filed in connection with its formation or organization with the applicable Governmental Authority in the jurisdiction of its formation or organization (or equivalent or comparable documents with respect to any non-U.S. jurisdiction).
“Other Connection Taxes” means, with respect to any Recipient, Taxes imposed as a result of a present or former connection between such Recipient and the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (other than connections arising from such Recipient having executed, delivered, become a party to, performed its obligations under, received payments under, received or perfected a security interest under, engaged in any other transaction pursuant to or enforced any Loan Document, or sold or assigned an interest in any Loan or Loan Document).
“Other Taxes” means all present or future stamp, court or documentary, intangible, recording, filing or similar Taxes that arise from any payment made under, from the execution, delivery, performance, enforcement or registration of, from the receipt or perfection of a security interest under, or otherwise with respect to, any Loan Document, except any such Taxes that are Other Connection Taxes imposed with respect to an assignment (other than an assignment made pursuant to Section 3.06).
“Outstanding Amount” means (a) with respect to Revolving Loans, Term Loans and Swingline Loans on any date, the Dollar Equivalent of the aggregate outstanding principal amount thereof after giving effect to any Borrowings and prepayments or repayments of Revolving Loans, Term Loans and Swingline Loans, as the case may be, occurring on such date; and (b) with respect to any L/C Obligations on any date, the Dollar Equivalent amount of the aggregate outstanding amount of such L/C Obligations on such date after giving effect to any L/C Credit Extension occurring on such date and any other changes in the aggregate amount of the L/C Obligations as of such date, including as a result of any reimbursements by the Borrower of Unreimbursed Amounts.
“Overnight Rate” means, for any day, (a) with respect to any amount denominated in Dollars, the greater of (i) the Federal Funds Rate and (ii) an overnight rate determined by the Administrative Agent, the L/C Issuers, or the Swingline Lender, as the case may be, in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation, and (b) with respect to any amount denominated in an Alternative Currency, an overnight rate determined by the Administrative Agent or the L/C Issuers, as the case may be, in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation.
“Participant” has the meaning specified in Section 11.06(d)(i).
“Participant Register” has the meaning specified in Section 11.06(d)(ii).

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“Participating Member State” means any member state of the European Union that adopts or has adopted the Euro as its lawful currency in accordance with legislation of the European Union relating to Economic and Monetary Union.
“Patriot Act” has the meaning set forth in Section 11.19.
“PBGC” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation.
“Pension Act” means the Pension Protection Act of 2006.
“Pension Funding Rules” means the rules of the Code and ERISA regarding minimum required contributions (including any installment payment thereof) to Pension Plans and set forth in, with respect to plan years ending prior to the effective date of the Pension Act, Section 412 of the Code and Section 302 of ERISA, each as in effect prior to the Pension Act and, thereafter, Section 412, 430, 431, 432 and 436 of the Code and Sections 302, 303, 304 and 305 of ERISA.
“Pension Plan” means any employee pension benefit plan (including a Multiple Employer Plan or a Multiemployer Plan) that is maintained or is contributed to by the Borrower and any ERISA Affiliate and is either covered by Title IV of ERISA or is subject to the minimum funding standards under Section 412 of the Code, but, for the avoidance of doubt, does not include any Canadian Pension Plan.
“Permitted Acquisition” means any Investment by a Loan Party not otherwise prohibited by the terms of this Agreement, in each case so long as:
(a)    no Default shall then exist or would exist after giving effect thereto;
(b)    (i) the Loan Parties shall demonstrate to the reasonable satisfaction of the Administrative Agent that, after giving effect to the Acquisition on a Pro Forma Basis, the Loan Parties are in Pro Forma Compliance with each of the financial covenants set forth in Section 7.13 and (ii) for any Permitted Acquisition with a purchase price in excess of $150,000,000 the Administrative Agent shall have received at least fifteen (15) days prior to the consummation of such Acquisition (or such shorter period as determined by the Administrative Agent its sole discretion) a certificate executed by a Responsible Officer of the Company demonstrating Pro Forma Compliance with each of the financial covenants set forth in Section 7.13 after giving effect to such Acquisition; provided, however, that with respect to the initial Credit Extension hereunder, the Loan Parties shall deliver such certificate on the date such initial Credit Extension is requested; and
(c)    such Acquisition shall not be a “hostile” Acquisition and, if required, shall have been approved by the board of directors (or equivalent) and/or shareholders (or equivalent) of the applicable Loan Party and the Person being Acquired or selling the assets subject to such Investment.
“Permitted Liens” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.01.
“Permitted Transfers” means (a) Dispositions of inventory in the ordinary course of business; (b) Dispositions of property to the Borrower or any Subsidiary; (c) Dispositions of accounts receivable in connection with the collection or compromise thereof; (d) licenses, sublicenses, leases or subleases granted to others not interfering in any material respect with the business of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries; and (e) the sale or disposition of Cash Equivalents for fair market value.

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“Person” means any natural person, corporation, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership, Governmental Authority or other entity.
“Plan” means any employee benefit plan within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA (including a Pension Plan), maintained for employees of the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate or any such Plan to which the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate is required to contribute on behalf of any of its employees, but, for the avoidance of doubt, does not include any Canadian Pension Planor any other benefit plan offered to employees in Canada.
“Platform” has the meaning specified in Section 6.01(d).
“Pro Forma Acquisition EBITDA” means Consolidated EBITDA (calculated in the same manner as Consolidated EBITDA) attributable to the target of each Permitted Acquisition consummated during the one (1) year period preceding the date of determination calculated solely for a number of months immediately preceding the consummation of the applicable Permitted Acquisition, which number equals twelve (12) minus the number of months following the consummation of the applicable Permitted Acquisition for which financial statements of Borrower and its Subsidiaries have been delivered to the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 6.01(b).
“Pro Forma Basis” and “Pro Forma Effect” means, for (a) any Permitted Acquisition, (b) any Material Disposition, (c) any Indebtedness incurred pursuant any Section 7.02(i), (d) any Investment made pursuant to Section 7.06(i) or (e) any Restricted Payment made pursuant to Section 7.06(c), for purposes of determining compliance with the financial covenants set forth in Section 7.13, each such transaction or proposed transaction shall be deemed to have occurred on and as of the first day of the relevant Measurement Period, and the above pro forma calculations shall be made in good faith by a financial or accounting officer of the Company who is a Responsible Officer.
“Pro Forma Compliance” means, with respect to any transaction, that such transaction does not cause, create or result in a Default after giving Pro Forma Effect to (a) such transaction and (b) all other transactions which are required to be given Pro Forma Effect hereunder for the relevant Measurement Period.
“PTE” means a prohibited transaction class exemption issued by the U.S. Department of Labor, as any such exemption may be amended from time to time.
“Public Lender” has the meaning specified in Section 6.01(d).
“Rate Determination Date” means two (2) Business Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period (or such other day as is generally treated as the rate fixing day by market practice in such interbank market, as determined by the Administrative Agent; provided that, to the extent such market practice is not administratively feasible for the Administrative Agent, then “Rate Determination Date” means such other day as otherwise reasonably determined by the Administrative Agent).
“Recipient” means the Administrative Agent, any Lender, any L/C Issuer or any other recipient of any payment to be made by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party hereunder.
“Register” has the meaning specified in Section 11.06(c).
“Related Parties” means, with respect to any Person, such Person’s Affiliates and the partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, trustees, administrators, managers, advisors and representatives of such Person and of such Person’s Affiliates.

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“Reportable Event” means any of the events set forth in Section 4043(c) of ERISA, other than events for which the thirty (30) day notice period has been waived.
“Request for Credit Extension” means (a) with respect to a Borrowing, conversion or continuation of Revolving Loans or Term Loans, a Loan Notice, (b) with respect to an L/C Credit Extension, a Letter of Credit Application and (c) with respect to a Swingline Loan, a Swingline Loan Notice.
“Required Class Lenders” means, at any time with respect to any Class of Loans or Commitments, Lenders having Total Credit Exposures with respect to such Class representing more than 50% of the Total Credit Exposures of all Lenders of such Class. The Total Credit Exposure of any Defaulting Lender with respect to such Class shall be disregarded in determining Required Class Lenders at any time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time that there are two or more Lenders of a particular Class of Loans or Commitments, the term “Required Class Lenders” must include at least two Lenders of such Class of Loans or Commitments (Lenders that are Affiliates or Approved Funds of each other shall be deemed to be a single Lender for purposes of this sentence).
“Required Lenders” means, at any time, Lenders having Total Credit Exposures representing more than 50% of the Total Credit Exposures of all Lenders. The Total Credit Exposure of any Defaulting Lender shall be disregarded in determining Required Lenders at any time; provided that, the amount of any participation in any Swingline Loan and Unreimbursed Amounts that such Defaulting Lender has failed to fund that have not been reallocated to and funded by another Lender shall be deemed to be held by the Lender that is the Swingline Lender or the applicable L/C Issuer, as the case may be, in making such determination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time that there are two or more Lenders, the term “Required Lenders” must include at least two Lenders (Lenders that are Affiliates or Approved Funds of each other shall be deemed to be a single Lender for purposes of this sentence).
“Required Revolving Lenders” means, at any time, Revolving Lenders having Total Revolving Exposures representing more than 50% of the Total Revolving Exposures of all Revolving Lenders. The Total Revolving Exposure of any Defaulting Lender shall be disregarded in determining Required Revolving Lenders at any time; provided that, the amount of any participation in any Swingline Loan and Unreimbursed Amounts that such Defaulting Lender has failed to fund that have not been reallocated to and funded by another Lender shall be deemed to be held by the Revolving Lender that is the Swingline Lender or the applicable L/C Issuer, as the case may be, in making such determination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time that there are two or more Revolving Lenders, the term “Required Revolving Lenders” must include at least two Revolving Lenders (Lenders that are Affiliates or Approved Funds of each other shall be deemed to be a single Lender for purposes of this sentence).
“Required Term Lenders” means, at any time, Term Lenders having Total Term Credit Exposures representing more than 50% of the Total Term Credit Exposures of all Term Lenders. The Total Term Credit Exposure of any Defaulting Lender shall be disregarded in determining Required Term Lenders at any time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time that there are two or more Term Lenders, the term “Required Term Lenders” must include at least two Term Lenders (Lenders that are Affiliates or Approved Funds of each other shall be deemed to be a single Lender for purposes of this sentence).
“Responsible Officer” means the chief executive officer, president, chief financial officer, treasurer, assistant treasurer or controller of a Loan Party, solely for purposes of the delivery of incumbency certificates pursuant to Section 4.01, the secretary or any assistant secretary of a Loan Party and, solely for purposes of notices given pursuant to Article II, any other officer of the applicable Loan Party so designated by any of the foregoing officers in a notice to the Administrative Agent or any other officer or employee of the applicable

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Loan Party designated in or pursuant to an agreement between the applicable Loan Party and the Administrative Agent. Any document delivered hereunder that is signed by a Responsible Officer of a Loan Party shall be conclusively presumed to have been authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership and/or other action on the part of such Loan Party and such Responsible Officer shall be conclusively presumed to have acted on behalf of such Loan Party. To the extent requested by the Administrative Agent, each Responsible Officer will provide an incumbency certificate and, to the extent requested by the Administrative Agent, appropriate authorization documentation, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
“Restricted Payment” means any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) with respect to any capital stock or other Equity Interest of the Borrower, or any payment (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any such capital stock or other Equity Interest, or on account of any return of capital to the Borrower’s stockholders (or the equivalent Person thereof).
“Revaluation Date” means (a) with respect to any Loan, each of the following: (i) each date of a Borrowing of a Eurocurrency Rate Loan denominated in an Alternative Currency, (ii) each date of a continuation of a Eurocurrency Rate Loan denominated in an Alternative Currency pursuant to Section 2.02, and (iii) such additional dates as the Administrative Agent shall determine or the Required Lenders shall require; and (b) with respect to any Letter of Credit, each of the following: (i) each date of issuance, amendment and/or extension of a Letter of Credit denominated in an Alternative Currency, (ii) each date of any payment by the applicable L/C Issuer under any Letter of Credit denominated in an Alternative Currency and (iii) such additional dates as the Administrative Agent or the applicable L/C Issuer shall determine or the Required Lenders shall require.
“Revolving Borrowing” means a borrowing consisting of simultaneous Revolving Loans of the same Type and, in the case of Eurocurrency Rate Loans, having the same Interest Period made by each of the Revolving Lenders pursuant to Section 2.01(b).
“Revolving Commitment” means, as to each Revolving Lender, its obligation to (a) make Revolving Loans to the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.01(b), (b) purchase participations in L/C Obligations, and (c) purchase participations in Swingline Loans, in an aggregate principal amount at any one time outstanding not to exceed the amount set forth opposite such Lender’s name on Schedule 1.01(b) under the caption “Revolving Commitment” or opposite such caption in the Assignment and Assumption pursuant to which such Lender becomes a party hereto, as applicable, as such amount may be adjusted from time to time in accordance with this Agreement. The Revolving Commitment of all of the Revolving Lenders on the Closing Date shall be $300,000,000.
“Revolving Exposure” means, as to any Lender at any time, the aggregate principal amount at such time of its outstanding Revolving Loans and such Lender’s participation in L/C Obligations and Swingline Loans at such time.
“Revolving Facility” means, at any time, the aggregate amount of the Revolving Lenders’ Revolving Commitments at such time.
“Revolving Lender” means, at any time, (a) so long as any Revolving Commitment is in effect, any Lender that has a Revolving Commitment at such time or (b) if the Revolving Commitments have terminated or expired, any Lender that has a Revolving Loan or a participation in L/C Obligations or Swingline Loans at such time.

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“Revolving Loan” has the meaning specified in Section 2.01(b).
“Revolving Note” means a promissory note made by the Borrower in favor of a Revolving Lender evidencing Revolving Loans or Swingline Loans, as the case may be, made by such Revolving Lender, substantially in the form of Exhibit F.
“S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC, a subsidiary of S&P Global Inc., and any successor thereto.
“Same Day Funds” means (a) with respect to disbursements and payments in Dollars, immediately available funds, and (b) with respect to disbursements and payments in an Alternative Currency, same day or other funds as may be determined by the Administrative Agent or the L/C Issuers, as the case may be, to be customary in the place of disbursement or payment for the settlement of international banking transactions in the relevant Alternative Currency.
“Sanction(s)” means any international economic sanction administered or enforced by the United States Government (including, without limitation, OFAC), the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty’s Treasury (“HMT”), the Canadian Government or other relevant sanctions authority.
“SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any Governmental Authority succeeding to any of its principal functions.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, including all amendments thereto and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Special Notice Currency” means at any time an Alternative Currency, other than the currency of a country that is a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development at such time located in North America or Europe.
“Specified Acquisition Agreement Representations” means such of the representations made by or with respect to the Target and its Subsidiaries in the Closing Date Acquisition Agreement as are material to the interests of the Lenders (but only to the extent that the Company or its Affiliates have the right to terminate its or their obligations under the Closing Date Acquisition Agreement or decline to consummate the Closing Date Acquisition as a result of a breach of such representations in the Closing Date Acquisition Agreement).
“Specified Representations” means those representations and warranties made by the Borrowers or the other Loan Parties in Sections 5.01(a) and (b)(ii), 5.02(a), 5.04, 5.12 and 5.14.
“Sterling” and “£” mean the lawful currency of the United Kingdom.
“Subsidiary” of a Person means a corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other business entity of which a majority of the shares of Voting Stock is at the time beneficially owned, or the management of which is otherwise controlled, directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, or both, by such Person. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to a “Subsidiary” or to “Subsidiaries” shall refer to a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Company.
“Swap Contract” means (a) any and all rate swap transactions, basis swaps, credit derivative transactions, forward rate transactions, commodity swaps, commodity options, forward commodity contracts, equity or equity index swaps or options, bond or bond price or bond index swaps or options or forward bond or forward bond price or forward bond index transactions, interest rate options, forward foreign exchange

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transactions, cap transactions, floor transactions, collar transactions, currency swap transactions, cross-currency rate swap transactions, currency options, spot contracts, or any other similar transactions or any combination of any of the foregoing (including any options to enter into any of the foregoing), whether or not any such transaction is governed by or subject to any master agreement, and (b) any and all transactions of any kind, and the related confirmations, which are subject to the terms and conditions of, or governed by, any form of master agreement published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc., any International Foreign Exchange Master Agreement, or any other master agreement (any such master agreement, together with any related schedules, a “Master Agreement”), including any such obligations or liabilities under any Master Agreement.
“Swap Termination Value” means, in respect of any one or more Swap Contracts, after taking into account the effect of any legally enforceable netting agreement relating to such Swap Contracts, (a) for any date on or after the date such Swap Contracts have been closed out and termination value(s) determined in accordance therewith, such termination value(s), and (b) for any date prior to the date referenced in clause (a), the amount(s) determined as the mark-to-market value(s) for such Swap Contracts, as determined based upon one or more mid-market or other readily available quotations provided by any recognized dealer in such Swap Contracts (which may include any Lender or any Affiliate of any Lender).
“Swingline Borrowing” means a borrowing of a Swingline Loan pursuant to Section 2.04.
“Swingline Commitment” means, as to any Lender (a) the amount set forth opposite such Lender’s name on Schedule 2.01 hereof or (b) if such Lender has entered into an Assignment and Assumption or has otherwise assumed a Swingline Commitment after the Closing Date, the amount set forth for such Lender as its Swingline Commitment in the Register maintained by the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 11.06(c).
“Swingline Lender” means Bank of America, through itself or through one of its designated Affiliates or branch offices, in its capacity as provider of Swingline Loans, or any successor swingline lender hereunder.
“Swingline Loan” has the meaning specified in Section 2.04(a).
“Swingline Loan Notice” means a notice of a Swingline Borrowing pursuant to Section 2.04(b), which shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit G or such other form as approved by the Administrative Agent (including any form on an electronic platform or electronic transmission system as shall be approved by the Administrative Agent), appropriately completed and signed by a Responsible Officer of the Company.
“Swingline Sublimit” means an amount equal to the lesser of (a) $100,000,000 and (b) the Revolving Facility. The Swingline Sublimit is part of, and not in addition to, the Revolving Facility.
“Target” means Ratings Acquisition Corp., an exempted company incorporated under the Laws of the Cayman Islands.
“Tax Credit” a credit against, relief or remission for, or repayment of, any Taxes.
“Taxes” means all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, withholdings (including backup withholding), assessments, fees or other charges imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.

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“Term Borrowing” means a borrowing consisting of simultaneous Term Loans of the same Type and, in the case of Eurocurrency Rate Loans, having the same Interest Period made by each of the Term Lenders pursuant to Section 2.01(a).
“Term Commitment” means, as to each Term Lender, its obligation to make Term Loans to the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.01(a) in an aggregate principal amount at any one time outstanding not to exceed the amount set forth opposite such Term Lender’s name on Schedule 1.01(b) under the caption “Term Commitment” or opposite such caption in the Assignment and Assumption pursuant to which such Term Lender becomes a party hereto, as applicable, as such amount may be adjusted from time to time in accordance with this Agreement. The Term Commitment of all of the Term Lenders on the Closing Date shall be $450,000,000.
“Term Facility” means, at any time, (a) on or prior to the Closing Date, the aggregate amount of the Term Commitments at such time and (b) thereafter, the aggregate principal amount of the Term Loans of all Term Lenders outstanding at such time.
“Term Lender” means (a) at any time on or prior to the Closing Date, any Lender that has a Term Commitment at such time and (b) at any time after the Closing Date any Lender that holds Term Loans at such time.
“Term Loan” means an advance made by any Term Lender under the Term Facility.
“Term Note” means a promissory note made by the Borrower in favor of a Term Lender evidencing Term Loans made by such Term Lender, substantially in the form of Exhibit H.
“Total Credit Exposure” means, as to any Lender at any time, the unused Commitments, Revolving Exposure and Outstanding Amount of all Term Loans of such Lender at such time.
“Total Revolving Exposure” means, as to any Revolving Lender at any time, the unused Commitments and Revolving Exposure of such Revolving Lender at such time.
“Total Revolving Outstandings” means the aggregate Outstanding Amount of all Revolving Loans, Swingline Loans and L/C Obligations.
“Total Term Credit Exposure” means, as to any Term Lender at any time, the Outstanding Amount of all Term Loans of such Term Lender at such time.
“Type” means, with respect to a Loan, its character as a Base Rate Loan or a Eurocurrency Rate Loan.
“UCP” means, with respect to any Letter of Credit, the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, International Chamber of Commerce (“ICC”) Publication No. 600 (or such later version thereof as may be in effect at the time of issuance).
“UK Borrower” means any Borrower (i) that is organized or formed under the laws of the United Kingdom; (ii) that is resident in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes or (iii) payments from which under this Agreement or any other Loan Document are subject to withholding Taxes imposed by the laws of the United Kingdom.
“UK Lender” means any Lender that has issued a UK Commitment.

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“UK Non-Bank Lender” means a Lender which gives a UK Tax Confirmation in the documentation which it executes on becoming a party to this Agreement as a Lender.
“UK Qualifying Lender” means:
(a)    a Lender (other than a Lender within clause (b) below) which is beneficially entitled to interest payable to that Lender in respect of an advance under a Loan Document and is:
(i)    a Lender:
(A)    that is a bank (as defined for the purpose of section 879 of the ITA) making an advance under a Loan Document and is within the charge to UK corporation tax as respects any payments of interest made in respect of that advance or would be within such charge as respects such payments apart from section 18A of the CTA; or
(B)    in respect of an advance made under a Loan Document by a person that was a bank (as defined for the purpose of section 879 of the ITA) at the time that such advance was made, and, is within the charge to United Kingdom corporation tax with respect to any payments of interest made in respect of that advance; or
(ii)    a Lender which is:
(A)    a company resident in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes;
(B)    a partnership, each member of which is:
(1)    a company so resident in the United Kingdom; or
(2)    a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account in computing its chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) the whole of any share of interest payable in respect of that advance that falls to it by reason of Part 17 of the CTA; or
(C)    a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account interest payable in respect of that advance in computing the chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) of that company; or
(iii)    a UK Treaty Lender; or
(b)    a building society (as defined for the purposes of section 880 of the ITA) making an advance under a Loan Document.
“UK Tax Confirmation” means a confirmation by a Lender that the person beneficially entitled to interest payable to that Lender in respect of an advance under a Loan Document is either:
(a)    a company resident in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes; or

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(b)    a partnership each member of which is:
(i)    a company so resident in the United Kingdom; or
(ii)    a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account in computing its chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) the whole of any share of interest payable in respect of that advance that falls to it by reason of Part 17 of the CTA; or
(c)    a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account interest payable in respect of that advance in computing the chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) of that company.
“UK Tax Deduction” means a deduction or withholding from a payment under any Loan Document for and on account of any Taxes imposed by the laws of the United Kingdom.
“UK Tax Payment” means in relation to any UK Borrower, either the increase in a payment made by that UK Borrower to a UK Lender under Section 3.08(b) or a payment under Section 3.08(c).
“UK Treaty Lender” means a Lender which:
(a)    is treated as a resident of a UK Treaty State for the purposes of the relevant Treaty;
(b)    does not carry on a business in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment with which that Lender’s participation in any advance is effectively connected; and
(c)    fulfils any other conditions which must be fulfilled under the relevant Treaty by residents of that UK Treaty State (subject to completion of any necessary procedural or filing requirements) for such residents to obtain full exemption from United Kingdom taxation on interest payable to that Lender in respect of an advance under a Loan Document., except that for this purpose it shall be assumed that there is no special relationship between the relevant UK Borrower and the Lender or between both of them and another person and that the following are satisfied:
(i)    any condition which relates (expressly or by implication) to the amounts or terms of any Loan or terms of the Loan Documents or to any other matter which is outside the exclusive control of that Lender; and
(i)    any necessary procedural formalities.
“UK Treaty State” means a jurisdiction having a double taxation agreement (a “Treaty”) with the United Kingdom which makes provision for full exemption from tax imposed by the United Kingdom on interest.
“United States” and “U.S.” mean the United States of America.
“Unreimbursed Amount” has the meaning specified in Section 2.03(c).
“U.S. Person” means any Person that is a “United States Person” as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code.

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“U.S. Special Resolution Regimes” has the meaning specified in Section 11.21.
“U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate” has the meaning specified in Section 3.01(f)(ii)(B)(3).
“VAT” means: (a) any tax imposed in compliance with the Council Directive of 28 November 2006 on the common system of value added tax (EC Directive 2006/112); and (b) any other tax of a similar nature, whether imposed in a member state of the European Union in substitution for, or levied in addition to, such tax referred to in paragraph (a) above, or imposed elsewhere.
“Voting Stock” means, with respect to any Person, Equity Interests issued by such Person the holders of which are ordinarily, in the absence of contingencies, entitled to vote for the election of directors (or persons performing similar functions) of such Person, even though the right to so vote has been suspended by the happening of such contingency.
“Withholding Agent” means the Borrower and the Administrative Agent.
“Write-Down and Conversion Powers” means, with respect to any EEA Resolution Authority, the write-down and conversion powers of such EEA Resolution Authority from time to time under the Bail-In Legislation for the applicable EEA Member Country, which write-down and conversion powers are described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule.
1.02    Other Interpretive Provisions.
With reference to this Agreement and each other Loan Document, unless otherwise specified herein or in such other Loan Document:
(a)    The definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms. The words “include,” “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation.” The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall.” Unless the context requires otherwise, (i) any definition of or reference to any agreement, instrument or other document (including the Loan Documents and any Organization Document) shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from time to time amended, amended and restated, modified, extended, restated, replaced or supplemented from time to time (subject to any restrictions on such amendments, supplements or modifications set forth herein or in any other Loan Document), (ii) any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns, (iii) the words “hereto,” “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder,” and words of similar import when used in any Loan Document, shall be construed to refer to such Loan Document in its entirety and not to any particular provision thereof, (iv) all references in a Loan Document to Articles, Sections, Preliminary Statements, Exhibits and Schedules shall be construed to refer to Articles and Sections of, and Preliminary Statements, Exhibits and Schedules to, the Loan Document in which such references appear, (v) any reference to any law shall include all statutory and regulatory rules, regulations, orders and provisions consolidating, amending, replacing or interpreting such law and any reference to any law or regulation shall, unless otherwise specified, refer to such law or regulation as amended, modified, extended, restated, replaced or supplemented from time to time, and (vi) the words “asset” and “property” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts and contract rights. Any and all references to “Borrower” regardless of whether preceded by the term “a”, “any”, “each of”, “all”, “and/or”, or any other similar term shall be deemed to refer, as the context requires, to each and every (and/or any, one or all) parties constituting a Borrower, individually and/or in the aggregate.

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(b)    In the computation of periods of time from a specified date to a later specified date, the word “from” means “from and including;” the words “to” and “until” each mean “to but excluding;” and the word “through” means “to and including.”
(c)    Section headings herein and in the other Loan Documents are included for convenience of reference only and shall not affect the interpretation of this Agreement or any other Loan Document.
1.03    Accounting Terms.
(a)    Generally. All accounting terms not specifically or completely defined herein shall be construed in conformity with, and all financial data (including financial ratios and other financial calculations) required to be submitted pursuant to this Agreement shall be prepared in conformity with, GAAP applied on a consistent basis, as in effect from time to time, applied in a manner consistent with that used in preparing the Audited Financial Statements, except as otherwise specifically prescribed herein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for purposes of determining compliance with any covenant (including the computation of any financial covenant) contained herein, Indebtedness of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries shall be deemed to be carried at 100% of the outstanding principal amount thereof, and the effects of FASB ASC 825 on financial liabilities shall be disregarded.
(b)    Changes in GAAP. If at any time any change in GAAP would affect the computation of any financial ratio or requirement set forth in any Loan Document, and either the Company or the Required Lenders shall so request, the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Borrower shall negotiate in good faith to amend such ratio or requirement to preserve the original intent thereof in light of such change in GAAP (subject to the approval of the Required Lenders); provided that, until so amended, (i) such ratio or requirement shall continue to be computed in accordance with GAAP prior to such change therein and (ii) the Borrower shall provide to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders financial statements and other documents required under this Agreement or as reasonably requested hereunder setting forth a reconciliation between calculations of such ratio or requirement made before and after giving effect to such change in GAAP. Without limiting the foregoing, leases shall continue to be classified and accounted for on a basis consistent with that reflected in the Audited Financial Statements for all purposes of this Agreement, notwithstanding any change in GAAP relating thereto, unless the parties hereto shall enter into a mutually acceptable amendment addressing such changes, as provided for above.
(c)    Pro Forma Treatment.
(i)    Each Permitted Acquisition by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries that is consummated during any Measurement Period shall, for purposes of determining compliance with the financial covenants set forth in Section 7.13 and for purposes of determining the Applicable Rate, be given Pro Forma Effect as of the first day of such Measurement Period most recently ended for which Borrower has delivered (or was required to deliver) financial statements pursuant to Sections 6.01(a) or 6.01(b). All defined terms used in the calculation of the financial covenants set forth in Section 7.13 hereof shall be calculated on a historical pro forma basis giving effect, during any Measurement Period that includes any Permitted Acquisition, to the inclusion of the actual historical results of the Person or line of business so acquired and which amounts shall include adjustments as contemplated by the Pro Forma Acquisition EBITDA definition.
(ii)    Each Material Disposition by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries that is consummated during any Measurement Period shall, for purposes of determining compliance with the financial covenants set forth in Section 7.13 and for purposes of determining the Applicable Rate, be given

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Pro Forma Effect as of the first day of such Measurement Period most recently ended for which Borrower has delivered (or was required to deliver) financial statements pursuant to Sections 6.01(a) or 6.01(b). All defined terms used in the calculation of the financial covenants set forth in Section 7.13 hereof shall be calculated on a historical pro forma basis giving effect, during any Measurement Period that includes any Material Disposition, to the exclusion of the actual historical results of the Person or line of business so disposed of.
1.04    Rounding.
Any financial ratios required to be maintained by the Borrower pursuant to this Agreement shall be calculated by dividing the appropriate component by the other component, carrying the result to one place more than the number of places by which such ratio is expressed herein and rounding the result up or down to the nearest number (with a rounding-up if there is no nearest number).
1.05    Times of Day; Rates.
Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to times of day shall be references to Central time (daylight or standard, as applicable).
The Administrative Agent does not warrant, nor accept responsibility, nor shall the Administrative Agent have any liability with respect to the administration, submission or any other matter related to the rates in the definition of “Eurocurrency Rate” or with respect to any comparable or successor rate thereto.
1.06    Letter of Credit Amounts.
Unless otherwise specified herein, the amount of a Letter of Credit at any time shall be deemed to be the Dollar Equivalent of the stated amount of such Letter of Credit in effect at such time; provided, however, that with respect to any Letter of Credit that, by its terms or the terms of any Issuer Document related thereto, provides for one or more automatic increases in the stated amount thereof, the amount of such Letter of Credit shall be deemed to be the Dollar Equivalent of the maximum stated amount of such Letter of Credit after giving effect to all such increases, whether or not such maximum stated amount is in effect at such time.
1.07    Exchange Rates; Currency Equivalents.
(a)    The Administrative Agent or the L/C Issuers, as applicable, shall determine the Dollar Equivalent amounts of Credit Extensions and Outstanding Amounts denominated in Alternative Currencies. Such Dollar Equivalent shall become effective as of such Revaluation Date and shall be the Dollar Equivalent of such amounts until the next Revaluation Date to occur. Except for purposes of financial statements delivered by Loan Parties hereunder or calculating financial covenants hereunder or except as otherwise provided herein, the applicable amount of any currency (other than Dollars) for purposes of the Loan Documents shall be such Dollar Equivalent amount as so determined by the Administrative Agent or the L/C Issuers, as applicable.
(b)    Wherever in this Agreement in connection with a Borrowing, conversion, continuation or prepayment of a Eurocurrency Rate Loan or the issuance, amendment or extension of a Letter of Credit, an amount, such as a required minimum or multiple amount, is expressed in Dollars, but such Borrowing, Eurocurrency Rate Loan or Letter of Credit is denominated in an Alternative Currency, such amount shall be the relevant Alternative Currency Equivalent of such Dollar amount (rounded to the nearest unit of such

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Alternative Currency, with 0.50 of a unit being rounded upward), as determined by the Administrative Agent or the applicable L/C Issuer, as the case may be.
(c)    The Administrative Agent does not warrant, nor accept responsibility, nor shall the Administrative Agent have any liability with respect to the administration, submission or any other matter related to the rates in the definition of “Eurocurrency Rate” or with respect to any rate that is an alternative or replacement for or successor to any of such rates (including, without limitation, any LIBOR Successor Rate) or the effect of any of the foregoing, or of any LIBOR Successor Rate Conforming Changes.
1.08    Additional Alternative Currencies.
(a)    The Company may from time to time request that Eurocurrency Rate Loans be made and/or Letters of Credit be issued in a currency other than those specifically listed in the definition of “Alternative Currency”; provided that (i) such requested currency is an Eligible Currency and (ii) such requested currency shall only be treated as a “LIBOR Quoted Currency” to the extent that there is published LIBOR rate for such currency. In the case of any such request with respect to the making of Eurocurrency Rate Loans, such request shall be subject to the approval of the Administrative Agent and each Lender with a Commitment under which such currency is requested to be made available; and in the case of any such request with respect to the issuance of Letters of Credit, such request shall be subject to the approval of the Administrative Agent and the applicable L/C Issuer.
(b)    Any such request shall be made to the Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m., ten (10) Business Days prior to the date of the desired Credit Extension (or such other time or date as may be agreed by the Administrative Agent and, in the case of any such request pertaining to Letters of Credit, the L/C Issuers, in its or their sole discretion). In the case of any such request pertaining to Eurocurrency Rate Loans, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Appropriate Lender thereof; and in the case of any such request pertaining to Letters of Credit, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the L/C Issuers thereof. Each Appropriate Lender (in the case of any such request pertaining to Eurocurrency Rate Loans) or the L/C Issuers (in the case of a request pertaining to Letters of Credit) shall notify the Administrative Agent, not later than 11:00 a.m., five (5) Business Days after receipt of such request whether it consents, in its sole discretion, to the making of Eurocurrency Rate Loans or the issuance of Letters of Credit, as the case may be, in such requested currency.
(c)    Any failure by a Lender or any L/C Issuer, as the case may be, to respond to such request within the time period specified in the preceding sentence shall be deemed to be a refusal by such Lender or such L/C Issuer, as the case may be, to permit Eurocurrency Rate Loans to be made or Letters of Credit to be issued in such requested currency. If the Administrative Agent and all the Appropriate Lenders consent to making Eurocurrency Rate Loans in such requested currency and the Administrative Agent and such Lenders reasonably determine that an appropriate interest rate is available to be used for such requested currency, the Administrative Agent shall so notify the Company and (i) the Administrative Agent and such Lenders may amend the definition of Eurocurrency Rate for any Non-LIBOR Quoted Currency to the extent necessary to add the applicable Eurocurrency Rate for such currency and (ii) to the extent the definition of Eurocurrency Rate reflects the appropriate interest rate for such currency or has been amended to reflect the appropriate rate for such currency, such currency shall thereupon be deemed for all purposes to be an Alternative Currency for purposes of any Borrowings of Eurocurrency Rate Loans. If the Administrative Agent and the L/C Issuers consent to the issuance of Letters of Credit in such requested currency, the Administrative Agent shall so notify the Company and the Administrative Agent and the L/C Issuers may amend the definition of Eurocurrency Rate for any Non-LIBOR Quoted Currency to the extent necessary to add the applicable Eurocurrency Rate for such currency and to the extent the definition of Eurocurrency

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Rate reflects the appropriate interest rate for such currency or has been amended to reflect the appropriate rate for such currency, such currency shall thereupon be deemed for all purposes to be an Alternative Currency, for purposes of any Letter of Credit issuances. If the Administrative Agent shall fail to obtain consent to any request for an additional currency under this Section 1.09, the Administrative Agent shall promptly so notify the Company.
1.09    Change of Currency.
(a)    Each obligation of the Borrowers to make a payment denominated in the national currency unit of any member state of the European Union that adopts the Euro as its lawful currency after the date hereof shall be redenominated into Euro at the time of such adoption. If, in relation to the currency of any such member state, the basis of accrual of interest expressed in this Agreement in respect of that currency shall be inconsistent with any convention or practice in the London interbank market for the basis of accrual of interest in respect of the Euro, such expressed basis shall be replaced by such convention or practice with effect from the date on which such member state adopts the Euro as its lawful currency; provided that, if any Borrowing in the currency of such member state is outstanding immediately prior to such date, such replacement shall take effect, with respect to such Borrowing, at the end of the then current Interest Period.
(b)    Each provision of this Agreement shall be subject to such reasonable changes of construction as the Administrative Agent may from time to time specify to be appropriate to reflect the adoption of the Euro by any member state of the European Union and any relevant market conventions or practices relating to the Euro.
(c)    Each provision of this Agreement also shall be subject to such reasonable changes of construction as the Administrative Agent may from time to time specify to be appropriate to reflect a change in currency of any other country and any relevant market conventions or practices relating to the change in currency.
ARTICLE II    
 
COMMITMENTS AND CREDIT EXTENSIONS
2.01    Loans.
(a)    Term Borrowing. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, each Term Lender severally agrees to make a single loan to the Company, in Dollars, on the Closing Date in an amount not to exceed such Term Lender’s Applicable Percentage of the Term Facility. The Term Borrowing shall consist of Term Loans made simultaneously by the Term Lenders in accordance with their respective Applicable Percentage of the Term Facility. Term Borrowings repaid or prepaid may not be reborrowed. Term Loans may be Base Rate Loans or Eurocurrency Rate Loans, as further provided herein; provided, however, any Term Borrowing made on the Closing Date or any of the three (3) Business Days following the Closing Date shall be made as Base Rate Loans unless the Borrower delivers a Funding Indemnity Letter not less than three (3) Business Days prior to the date of such Term Borrowing.
(b)    Revolving Borrowings. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, each Revolving Lender severally agrees to make loans (each such loan, a “Revolving Loan”) to the Borrower, in Dollars or in one or more Alternative Currencies, from time to time, on any Business Day during the Availability Period, in an aggregate amount not to exceed at any time outstanding the amount of such Lender’s Revolving Commitment; provided, however, that after giving effect to any Revolving Borrowing, (i) the Total Revolving

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Outstandings shall not exceed the Revolving Facility, (ii) the Revolving Exposure of any Lender shall not exceed such Revolving Lender’s Revolving Commitment and (iii) the aggregate Outstanding Amount of all Loans denominated in Alternative Currencies shall not exceed the Alternative Currency Sublimit. Within the limits of each Revolving Lender’s Revolving Commitment, and subject to the other terms and conditions hereof, the Borrower may borrow Revolving Loans, prepay under Section 2.05, and reborrow under this Section 2.01(b). Revolving Loans may be Base Rate Loans or Eurocurrency Rate Loans, as further provided herein; provided, however, any Revolving Borrowings made on the Closing Date or any of the three (3) Business Days following the Closing Date shall be made as Base Rate Loans unless the Borrower delivers a Funding Indemnity Letter not less than three (3) Business Days prior to the date of such Revolving Borrowing.
2.02    Borrowings, Conversions and Continuations of Loans.
(a)    Notice of Borrowing. Each Borrowing, each conversion of Loans from one Type to the other, and each continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans shall be made upon the Company’s irrevocable notice to the Administrative Agent, which may be given by: (i) telephone or (ii) a Loan Notice; provided that any telephonic notice must be confirmed immediately by delivery to the Administrative Agent of a Loan Notice. Each such Loan Notice must be received by the Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. (A) two (2) Business Days prior to the requested date of any Borrowing of, conversion to or continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Dollars or of any conversion of Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Dollars to Base Rate Loans, (B) three (3) Business Days (or four (4) Business Days in the case of a Special Notice Currency) prior to the requested date of any Borrowing or continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Alternative Currencies, and (C) on the requested date of any Borrowing of Base Rate Loans; provided, however, that if the Borrower wishes to request Eurocurrency Rate Loans having an Interest Period other than one (1), two (2), three (3) or six (6) months in duration as provided in the definition of “Interest Period”, the applicable notice must be received by the Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. (x) four (4) Business Days prior to the requested date of such Borrowing, conversion or continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Dollars, or (y) five (5) Business Days (or six (6) Business Days in the case of a Special Notice Currency) prior to the requested date of such Borrower, conversion or continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Alternative Currencies, whereupon the Administrative Agent shall give prompt notice to the Appropriate Lenders of such request and determine whether the requested Interest Period is acceptable to all of them. Not later than 11:00 a.m., (1) three (3) Business Days before the requested date of such Borrowing, conversion or continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Dollars, or (2) four (4) Business Days (or five (5) Business Days in the case of a Special Notice Currency) prior to the requested date of such Borrower, conversion or continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Alternative Currencies, the Administrative Agent shall notify the Borrower (which notice may be by telephone) whether or not the requested Interest Period has been consented to by all the Lenders. Each Borrowing of, conversion to or continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans shall be in a principal amount of the Dollar Equivalent of $1,000,000 or a whole multiple of the Dollar Equivalent of $500,000 in excess thereof (or, in connection with any conversion or continuation of a Term Loan, if less, the entire principal thereof then outstanding). Except as provided in Sections 2.03(c) and 2.04(c), each Borrowing of or conversion to Base Rate Loans shall be in a principal amount of the Dollar Equivalent of $500,000 or a whole multiple of the Dollar Equivalent of $100,000 in excess thereof (or, in connection with any conversion or continuation of a Term Loan, if less, the entire principal thereof then outstanding). Each Loan Notice and each telephonic notice shall specify (I) the applicable Facility and whether the Borrower is requesting a Borrowing, a conversion of Loans from one Type to the other, or a continuation of Loans, as the case may be, under such Facility, (II) the requested date of the Borrowing, conversion or continuation, as the case may be (which shall be a Business Day), (III) the principal amount of Loans to be borrowed, converted or continued, (IV) the Type of Loans to be borrowed or to which existing

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Loans are to be converted, and (V) if applicable, the duration of the Interest Period with respect thereto, (VI) the currency of the Loans to be borrowed, and (VII) if applicable, the Designated Borrower. If the Company fails to specify a currency in a Loan Notice requesting a Borrowing, then the Loans so requested shall be made in Dollars. If the Borrower fails to specify a Type of Loan in a Loan Notice or if the Borrower fails to give a timely notice requesting a conversion or continuation, then the applicable Loans shall be made as, or converted to, Base Rate Loans; provided, however, that in the case of a failure to timely request a continuation of Loans denominated in an Alternative Currency, such Loans shall be continued as Eurocurrency Rate Loans in their original currency with an Interest Period of one (1) month. Any such automatic conversion to Base Rate Loans shall be effective as of the last day of the Interest Period then in effect with respect to the applicable Eurocurrency Rate Loans. If the Borrower requests a Borrowing of, conversion to, or continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans in any such Loan Notice, but fails to specify an Interest Period, it will be deemed to have specified an Interest Period of one (1) month. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, a Swingline Loan may not be converted to a Eurocurrency Rate Loan. Except as provided pursuant to Section 2.12(a), no Loan may be converted into or continued as a Loan denominated in a different currency, but instead must be repaid in the original currency of such Loan and reborrowed in the other currency.
(b)    Advances. Following receipt of a Loan Notice for a Facility, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Appropriate Lender of the amount (and currency) of its Applicable Percentage under such Facility of the applicable Loans, and if no timely notice of a conversion or continuation is provided by the Company, the Administrative Agent shall notify each Appropriate Lender of the details of any automatic conversion to Base Rate Loans or continuation of Loans denominated in a currency other than Dollars, in each case as described in Section 2.02(a). In the case of a Borrowing, each Appropriate Lender shall make the amount of its Loan available to the Administrative Agent in Same Day Funds at the Administrative Agent’s Office for the applicable currency not later than 1:00 p.m., in the case of any Loan denominated in Dollars, and not later than the Applicable Time specified by the Administrative Agent in the case of any Loan in an Alternative Currency, in each case on the Business Day specified in the applicable Loan Notice or, as to Loans to be made on the Closing Date as to which Advance Funding Arrangements are in effect, in accordance with the terms thereof. Upon satisfaction of the applicable conditions set forth in Section 4.02 (and, if such Borrowing is the initial Credit Extension, Section 4.01), the Administrative Agent shall make all funds so received available to the Borrower in like funds as received by the Administrative Agent either by (i) crediting the account of the Borrower on the books of Bank of America with the amount of such funds or (ii) wire transfer of such funds, in each case in accordance with instructions provided to (and reasonably acceptable to) the Administrative Agent by the Company; provided, however, that if, on the date a Loan Notice with respect to a Revolving Borrowing denominated in Dollars is given by the Borrower, there are L/C Borrowings outstanding, then the proceeds of such Revolving Borrowing, first, shall be applied to the payment in full of any such L/C Borrowings, and second, shall be made available to the Borrower as provided above.
(c)    Eurocurrency Rate Loans. Except as otherwise provided herein, a Eurocurrency Rate Loan may be continued or converted only on the last day of an Interest Period for such Eurocurrency Rate Loan. During the existence of a Default, no Loans may be requested as, converted to or continued as Eurocurrency Rate Loans without the consent of the Required Lenders, and the Required Lenders may demand that any or all of the outstanding Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Dollars be converted immediately to Base Rate Loans and any or all of the then outstanding Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in an Alternative Currency be prepaid, or redenominated into Dollars in the amount of the Dollar Equivalent thereof, on the last day of the then current Interest Period with respect thereto.

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(d)    Interest Rates. Each determination of an interest rate by the Administrative Agent pursuant to any provision of this Agreement shall be conclusive and binding on the Borrower and the Lenders in the absence of manifest error.
(e)    Interest Periods. After giving effect to all Term Borrowings, all conversions of Term Loans from one Type to the other, and all continuations of Term Loans as the same Type, there shall not be more than five (5) Interest Periods in effect in respect of the Term Facility. After giving effect to all Revolving Borrowings, all conversions of Revolving Loans from one Type to the other, and all continuations of Revolving Loans as the same Type, there shall not be more than seven (7) Interest Periods in effect in respect of the Revolving Facility.
2.03    Letters of Credit.
(a)    The Letter of Credit Commitment. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, in addition to the Loans provided for in Section 2.01, the Borrower may request that any L/C Issuer, in reliance on the agreements of the Revolving Lenders set forth in this Section 2.03, issue, at any time and from time to time during the Availability Period, standby Letters of Credit for its own account or the account of any of its Subsidiaries in such form as is acceptable to the Administrative Agent and such L/C Issuer in its reasonable determination. Letters of Credit issued hereunder shall constitute utilization of the Revolving Commitments.
(b)    Notice of Issuance, Amendment, Extension, Reinstatement or Renewal.
(i)    To request the issuance of a Letter of Credit (or the amendment of the terms and conditions, extension of the terms and conditions, extension of the expiration date, or reinstatement of amounts paid, or renewal of an outstanding Letter of Credit), the Company shall deliver (or transmit by electronic communication, if arrangements for doing so have been approved by the applicable L/C Issuer) to an L/C Issuer selected by it and to the Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. at least two (2) Business Days (or such later date and time as the Administrative Agent and such L/C Issuer may agree in a particular instance in their sole discretion) prior to the proposed issuance date or date of amendment, as the case may be a notice requesting the issuance of a Letter of Credit, or identifying the Letter of Credit to be amended, extended, reinstated or renewed, and specifying the date of issuance, amendment, extension, reinstatement or renewal (which shall be a Business Day), the date on which such Letter of Credit is to expire (which shall comply with clause (d) of this Section 2.03), the currency and amount of such Letter of Credit, the name and address of the beneficiary thereof, the purpose and nature of the requested Letter of Credit and such other information as shall be necessary to prepare, amend, extend, reinstate or renew such Letter of Credit. If requested by the applicable L/C Issuer, the Borrower also shall submit a letter of credit application and reimbursement agreement on such L/C Issuer’s standard form in connection with any request for a Letter of Credit. In the event of any inconsistency between the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the terms and conditions of any form of letter of credit application and reimbursement agreement or other agreement submitted by the Borrower to, or entered into by the Borrower with, an L/C Issuer relating to any Letter of Credit, the terms and conditions of this Agreement shall control.
(ii)    If the Borrower so requests in any applicable Letter of Credit Application (or the amendment of an outstanding Letter of Credit), the applicable L/C Issuer may, in its sole discretion, agree to issue a Letter of Credit that has automatic extension provisions (each, an “Auto-Extension Letter of Credit”); provided that any such Auto-Extension Letter of Credit shall permit such L/C Issuer to prevent any such extension at least once in each twelve-month period (commencing with

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the date of issuance of such Letter of Credit) by giving prior notice to the beneficiary thereof not later than a day (the “Non-Extension Notice Date”) in each such twelve-month period to be agreed upon by the Borrower and the applicable L/C Issuer at the time such Letter of Credit is issued. Unless otherwise directed by the applicable L/C Issuer, the Borrower shall not be required to make a specific request to such L/C Issuer for any such extension. Once an Auto-Extension Letter of Credit has been issued, the Revolving Lenders shall be deemed to have authorized (but may not require) the applicable L/C Issuer to permit the extension of such Letter of Credit at any time to an expiration date not later than the date permitted pursuant to Section 2.03(d); provided, that such L/C Issuer shall not (A) permit any such extension if (1) such L/C Issuer has determined that it would not be permitted, or would have no obligation, at such time to issue such Letter of Credit in its extended form under the terms hereof (except that the expiration date may be extended to a date that is no more than one (1) year from the then-current expiration date) or (2) it has received notice (which may be in writing or by telephone (if promptly confirmed in writing)) on or before the day that is seven (7) Business Days before the Non-Extension Notice Date from the Administrative Agent that the Required Revolving Lenders have elected not to permit such extension or (B) be obligated to permit such extension if it has received notice (which may be in writing or by telephone (if promptly confirmed in writing)) on or before the day that is seven (7) Business Days before the Non-Extension Notice Date from the Administrative Agent, any Revolving Lender or the Borrower that one or more of the applicable conditions set forth in Section 4.02 is not then satisfied, and in each such case directing such L/C Issuer not to permit such extension.
(iii)    If the Borrower so requests in any applicable Letter of Credit Application, any L/C Issuer may, in its sole discretion, agree to issue a Letter of Credit that permits the automatic reinstatement of all or a portion of the stated amount thereof after any drawing thereunder (each, an “Auto-Reinstatement Letter of Credit”). Unless otherwise directed by the applicable L/C Issuer, the Borrower shall not be required to make a specific request to such L/C Issuer to permit such reinstatement. Once an Auto-Reinstatement Letter of Credit has been issued, except as provided in the following sentence, the Revolving Lenders shall be deemed to have authorized (but may not require) the applicable L/C Issuers to reinstate all or a portion of the stated amount thereof in accordance with the provisions of such Letter of Credit. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if such Auto-Reinstatement Letter of Credit permits the applicable L/C Issuer to decline to reinstate all or any portion of the stated amount thereof after a drawing thereunder by giving notice of such non-reinstatement within a specified number of days after such drawing (the “Non-Reinstatement Deadline”), such L/C Issuer shall not permit such reinstatement if it has received a notice (which may be by telephone or in writing) on or before the day that is seven (7) Business Days before the Non-Reinstatement Deadline (A) from the Administrative Agent that the Required Revolving Lenders have elected not to permit such reinstatement or (B) from the Administrative Agent, any Lender or the Borrower that one or more of the applicable conditions specified in Section 4.02 is not then satisfied (treating such reinstatement as an L/C Credit Extension for purposes of this clause) and, in each case, directing such L/C Issuer not to permit such reinstatement.
(c)    Limitations on Amounts, Issuance and Amendment. A Letter of Credit shall be issued, amended, extended, reinstated or renewed only if (and upon issuance, amendment, extension, reinstatement or renewal of each Letter of Credit the Borrower shall be deemed to represent and warrant that), after giving effect to such issuance, amendment, extension, reinstatement or renewal (w) the aggregate amount of the outstanding Letters of Credit issued by any L/C Issuer shall not exceed its L/C Commitment, (x) the aggregate L/C Obligations shall not exceed the L/C Sublimit, (y) the Revolving Exposure of any Lender shall not exceed its Revolving Commitment and (z) the Total Revolving Exposure shall not exceed the total Revolving Commitments.

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(i)    No L/C Issuer shall be under any obligation to issue any Letter of Credit if:
(A)    any order, judgment or decree of any Governmental Authority or arbitrator shall by its terms purport to enjoin or restrain such L/C Issuer from issuing the Letter of Credit, or any Law applicable to such L/C Issuer or any request or directive (whether or not having the force of law) from any Governmental Authority with jurisdiction over such L/C Issuer shall prohibit, or request that such L/C Issuer refrain from, the issuance of letters of credit generally or the Letter of Credit in particular or shall impose upon such L/C Issuer with respect to the Letter of Credit any restriction, reserve or capital requirement (for which such L/C Issuer is not otherwise compensated hereunder) not in effect on the Closing Date, or shall impose upon such L/C Issuer any unreimbursed loss, cost or expense which was not applicable on the Closing Date and which such L/C Issuer in good faith deems material to it;
(B)    the issuance of such Letter of Credit would violate one or more policies of such L/C Issuer applicable to letters of credit generally;
(C)    except as otherwise agreed by the Administrative Agent and such L/C Issuer, the Letter of Credit is in an initial stated amount less than $100,000;
(D)    any Revolving Lender is at that time a Defaulting Lender, unless such L/C Issuer has entered into arrangements, including the delivery of Cash Collateral, satisfactory to such L/C Issuer (in its sole discretion) with the Borrower or such Lender to eliminate such L/C Issuer’s actual or potential Fronting Exposure (after giving effect to Section 2.15(a)(iv)) with respect to the Defaulting Lender arising from either the Letter of Credit then proposed to be issued or that Letter of Credit and all other L/C Obligations as to which such L/C Issuer has actual or potential Fronting Exposure, as it may elect in its sole discretion; or
(E)    the Letter of Credit contains any provisions for automatic reinstatement of the stated amount after any drawing thereunder.
(ii)    No L/C Issuer shall be under any obligation to amend any Letter of Credit if (A) such L/C Issuer would have no obligation at such time to issue the Letter of Credit in its amended form under the terms hereof, or (B) the beneficiary of the Letter of Credit does not accept the proposed amendment to the Letter of Credit.
(d)    Expiration Date. Each Letter of Credit shall have a stated expiration date no later than the earlier of (ix) the date twelve (12) months after the date of the issuance of such Letter of Credit (or, in the case of any extension of the expiration date thereof, whether automatic or by amendment, twelve months after the then‑current expiration date of such Letter of Credit) and (x) the date that is five (5) Business Days prior to the Maturity Date.
(e)    Participations.
(i)    By the issuance of a Letter of Credit (or an amendment to a Letter of Credit increasing the amount or extending the expiration date thereof), and without any further action on the part of the applicable L/C Issuer or the Lenders, such L/C Issuer hereby grants to each Revolving Lender, and each Revolving Lender hereby acquires from such L/C Issuer, a participation in such Letter of

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Credit equal to such Lender’s Applicable Percentage of the aggregate amount available to be drawn under such Letter of Credit. Each Revolving Lender acknowledges and agrees that its obligation to acquire participations pursuant to this clause (e) in respect of Letters of Credit is absolute, unconditional and irrevocable and shall not be affected by any circumstance whatsoever, including any amendment, extension, reinstatement or renewal of any Letter of Credit or the occurrence and continuance of a Default or reduction or termination of the Revolving Commitments.
(ii)    In consideration and in furtherance of the foregoing, each Revolving Lender hereby absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent, for account of the applicable L/C Issuer, such Lender’s Applicable Percentage of each L/C Disbursement made by an L/C Issuer not later than 1:00 p.m. on the Business Day specified in the notice provided by the Administrative Agent to the Revolving Lenders pursuant to Section 2.03(f) until such L/C Disbursement is reimbursed by the Borrower or at any time after any reimbursement payment is required to be refunded to the Borrower for any reason, including after the Maturity Date. Such payment shall be made without any offset, abatement, withholding or reduction whatsoever. Each such payment shall be made in the same manner as provided in Section 2.02 with respect to Loans made by such Lender (and Section 2.02 shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to the payment obligations of the Revolving Lenders pursuant to this Section 2.03), and the Administrative Agent shall promptly pay to the applicable L/C Issuer the amounts so received by it from the Lenders. Promptly following receipt by the Administrative Agent of any payment from the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.03(f), the Administrative Agent shall distribute such payment to the applicable L/C Issuer or, to the extent that the Revolving Lenders have made payments pursuant to this clause (e) to reimburse such L/C Issuer, then to such Lenders and such L/C Issuer as their interests may appear. Any payment made by a Lender pursuant to this clause (e) to reimburse an L/C Issuer for any L/C Disbursement shall not constitute a Loan and shall not relieve the Borrower of its obligation to reimburse such L/C Disbursement.
(iii)    Each Revolving Lender further acknowledges and agrees that its participation in each Letter of Credit will be automatically adjusted to reflect such Lender’s Applicable Percentage of the aggregate amount available to be drawn under such Letter of Credit at each time such Lender’s Commitment is amended pursuant to the operation of Sections 2.18 or as a result of an assignment in accordance with Section 11.06 or otherwise pursuant to this Agreement.
(iv)    If any Revolving Lender fails to make available to the Administrative Agent for the account of the applicable L/C Issuer any amount required to be paid by such Lender pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.03(e), then, without limiting the other provisions of this Agreement, the applicable L/C Issuer shall be entitled to recover from such Lender (acting through the Administrative Agent), on demand, such amount with interest thereon for the period from the date such payment is required to the date on which such payment is immediately available to such L/C Issuer at a rate per annum equal to the greater of the applicable Overnight Rate and a rate determined by the applicable L/C Issuer in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation, plus any administrative, processing or similar fees customarily charged by such L/C Issuer in connection with the foregoing. If such Lender pays such amount (with interest and fees as aforesaid), the amount so paid shall constitute such Lender’s Revolving Loan included in the relevant Revolving Borrowing or L/C Advance in respect of the relevant L/C Borrowing, as the case may be. A certificate of any L/C Issuer submitted to any Revolving Lender (through the Administrative Agent) with respect to any amounts owing under this clause (e)(vi) shall be conclusive absent manifest error.

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(f)    Reimbursement. If an L/C Issuer shall make any L/C Disbursement in respect of a Letter of Credit, the Borrower shall reimburse such L/C Issuer in respect of such L/C Disbursement by paying to the Administrative Agent an amount equal to such L/C Disbursement not later than 12:00 noon on (i) the Business Day that the Borrower receives notice of such L/C Disbursement, if such notice is received prior to 10:00 a.m. or (ii) the Business Day immediately following the day that the Borrower receives such notice, if such notice is not received prior to such time, provided that, if such L/C Disbursement is not less than $500,000, the Borrower may, subject to the conditions to borrowing set forth herein, request in accordance with Section 2.02 or Section 2.04 that such payment be financed with a Borrowing of Base Rate Loans or Swingline Loan in an equivalent amount and, to the extent so financed, the Borrower’s obligation to make such payment shall be discharged and replaced by the resulting Borrowing of Base Rate Loans or Swingline Loan. If the Borrower fails to make such payment when due, the Administrative Agent shall notify each Revolving Lender of the applicable L/C Disbursement, the payment then due from the Borrower in respect thereof (the “Unreimbursed Amount”) and such Lender’s Applicable Percentage thereof. Promptly upon receipt of such notice, each Revolving Lender shall pay to the Administrative Agent its Applicable Percentage of the Unreimbursed Amount pursuant to Section 2.03(e)(ii), subject to the amount of the unutilized portion of the aggregate Revolving Commitments. Any notice given by any L/C Issuer or the Administrative Agent pursuant to this Section 2.03(f) may be given by telephone if immediately confirmed in writing; provided that the lack of such an immediate confirmation shall not affect the conclusiveness or binding effect of such notice.
(g)    Obligations Absolute. The Borrower’s obligation to reimburse L/C Disbursements as provided in clause (f) of this Section 2.03 shall be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable, and shall be performed strictly in accordance with the terms of this Agreement under any and all circumstances whatsoever and irrespective of:
(i)    any lack of validity or enforceability of this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any Letter of Credit, or any term or provision herein or therein;
(ii)    the existence of any claim, counterclaim, setoff, defense or other right that the Borrower or any Subsidiary may have at any time against any beneficiary or any transferee of such Letter of Credit (or any Person for whom any such beneficiary or any such transferee may be acting), any L/C Issuer or any other Person, whether in connection with this Agreement, the transactions contemplated hereby or by such Letter of Credit or any agreement or instrument relating thereto, or any unrelated transaction;
(iii)    any draft, demand, certificate or other document presented under such Letter of Credit proving to be forged, fraudulent, invalid or insufficient in any respect or any statement in such draft or other document being untrue or inaccurate in any respect; or any loss or delay in the transmission or otherwise of any document required in order to make a drawing under such Letter of Credit;
(iv)    waiver by any L/C Issuer of any requirement that exists for such L/C Issuer’s protection and not the protection of the Borrower or any waiver by such L/C Issuer which does not in fact materially prejudice the Borrower;
(v)    honor of a demand for payment presented electronically even if such Letter of Credit required that demand be in the form of a draft;

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(vi)    any payment made by any L/C Issuer in respect of an otherwise complying item presented after the date specified as the expiration date of, or the date by which documents must be received under such Letter of Credit if presentation after such date is authorized by the UCC, the ISP or the UCP, as applicable;
(vii)    payment by the applicable L/C Issuer under a Letter of Credit against presentation of a draft or other document that does not comply strictly with the terms of such Letter of Credit; or any payment made by any L/C Issuer under such Letter of Credit to any Person purporting to be a trustee in bankruptcy, debtor-in-possession, assignee for the benefit of creditors, liquidator, receiver or other representative of or successor to any beneficiary or any transferee of such Letter of Credit, including any arising in connection with any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law;
(viii)    any other event or circumstance whatsoever, whether or not similar to any of the foregoing, that might, but for the provisions of this Section 2.03, constitute a legal or equitable discharge of, or provide a right of setoff against, the Borrower’s obligations hereunder; or
(ix)    any adverse change in the relevant exchange rates or in the availability of the relevant Alternative Currency to the Company or any Subsidiary or in the relevant currency markets generally.
(h)    Examination. The Borrower shall promptly examine a copy of each Letter of Credit and each amendment thereto that is delivered to it and, in the event of any claim of noncompliance with the Borrower’s instructions or other irregularity, the Borrower will immediately notify the applicable L/C Issuer. The Borrower shall be conclusively deemed to have waived any such claim against each L/C Issuer and its correspondents unless such notice is given as aforesaid.
(i)    Liability. None of the Administrative Agent, the Lenders, any L/C Issuer, or any of their Related Parties shall have any liability or responsibility by reason of or in connection with the issuance or transfer of any Letter of Credit by the applicable L/C Issuer or any payment or failure to make any payment thereunder (irrespective of any of the circumstances referred to in the preceding sentence), or any error, omission, interruption, loss or delay in transmission or delivery of any draft, notice or other communication under or relating to any Letter of Credit (including any document required to make a drawing thereunder), any error in interpretation of technical terms, any error in translation or any consequence arising from causes beyond the control of the applicable L/C Issuer; provided that the foregoing shall not be construed to excuse an L/C Issuer from liability to the Borrower to the extent of any direct damages (as opposed to consequential damages, claims in respect of which are hereby waived by the Borrower to the extent permitted by Applicable Law) suffered by the Borrower that are caused by such L/C Issuer’s failure to exercise care when determining whether drafts and other documents presented under a Letter of Credit comply with the terms thereof. The parties hereto expressly agree that, in the absence of gross negligence or willful misconduct on the part of an L/C Issuer (as finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction), an L/C Issuer shall be deemed to have exercised care in each such determination, and that
(i)    an L/C Issuer may replace a purportedly lost, stolen, or destroyed original Letter of Credit or missing amendment thereto with a certified true copy marked as such or waive a requirement for its presentation;
(ii)    an L/C Issuer may accept documents that appear on their face to be in substantial compliance with the terms of a Letter of Credit without responsibility for further investigation, regardless of any notice or information to the contrary, and may make payment upon presentation

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of documents that appear on their face to be in substantial compliance with the terms of such Letter of Credit and without regard to any non-documentary condition in such Letter of Credit;
(iii)    an L/C Issuer shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to decline to accept such documents and to make such payment if such documents are not in strict compliance with the terms of such Letter of Credit; and
(iv)    this sentence shall establish the standard of care to be exercised by an L/C Issuer when determining whether drafts and other documents presented under a Letter of Credit comply with the terms thereof (and the parties hereto hereby waive, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, any standard of care inconsistent with the foregoing).
Without limiting the foregoing, none of the Administrative Agent, the Lenders, any L/C Issuer, or any of their Related Parties shall have any liability or responsibility by reason of (A) any presentation that includes forged or fraudulent documents or that is otherwise affected by the fraudulent, bad faith, or illegal conduct of the beneficiary or other Person, (B) an L/C Issuer declining to take-up documents and make payment, (C) against documents that are fraudulent, forged, or for other reasons by which that it is entitled not to honor, (D) following a Borrower’s waiver of discrepancies with respect to such documents or request for honor of such documents or (E) an L/C Issuer retaining proceeds of a Letter of Credit based on an apparently applicable attachment order, blocking regulation, or third-party claim notified to such L/C Issuer.
(j)    Applicability of ISP and UCP. Unless otherwise expressly agreed by the applicable L/C Issuer and the Borrower when a Letter of Credit is issued by it, the rules of the ISP shall apply to each standby Letter of Credit. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no L/C Issuer shall be responsible to the Borrower for, and no L/C Issuer’s rights and remedies against the Borrower shall be impaired by, any action or inaction of any L/C Issuer required or permitted under any law, order, or practice that is required or permitted to be applied to any Letter of Credit or this Agreement, including the Law or any order of a jurisdiction where any L/C Issuer or the beneficiary is located, the practice stated in the ISP or UCP, as applicable, or in the decisions, opinions, practice statements, or official commentary of the ICC Banking Commission, the Bankers Association for Finance and Trade – International Financial Services Association (BAFT-IFSA), or the Institute of International Banking Law & Practice, whether or not any Letter of Credit chooses such law or practice.
(k)    Benefits. Each L/C Issuer shall act on behalf of the Lenders with respect to any Letters of Credit issued by it and the documents associated therewith, and each L/C Issuer shall have all of the benefits and immunities (i) provided to the Administrative Agent in Article IX with respect to any acts taken or omissions suffered by such L/C Issuer in connection with Letters of Credit issued by it or proposed to be issued by it and Issuer Documents pertaining to such Letters of Credit as fully as if the term “Administrative Agent” as used in Article IX included such L/C Issuer with respect to such acts or omissions, and (ii) as additionally provided herein with respect to such L/C Issuer.
(l)    Letter of Credit Fees. The Borrower shall pay to the Administrative Agent for the account of each Revolving Lender in accordance with its Applicable Revolving Percentage a Letter of Credit fee (the “Letter of Credit Fee”) for each Letter of Credit equal to the Applicable Rate times the Dollar Equivalent of the daily amount available to be drawn under such Letter of Credit. For purposes of computing the daily amount available to be drawn under any standby Letter of Credit, the amount of such Letter of Credit shall be determined in accordance with Section 1.06. Letter of Credit Fees shall be (i) payable quarterly in arrears on the last Business Day of each March, June, September and December, commencing with the first such

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date to occur after the issuance of such Letter of Credit, at the time of issuance of such Letter of Credit, on the Letter of Credit Expiration Date and thereafter on demand and (ii) accrued through and including the last day of each fiscal quarter in arrears. If there is any change in the Applicable Rate during any quarter, the daily amount available to be drawn under each standby Letter of Credit shall be computed and multiplied by the Applicable Rate separately for each period during such quarter that such Applicable Rate was in effect. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, upon the request of the Required Revolving Lenders, while any Event of Default exists, all Letter of Credit Fees shall accrue at the Default Rate.
(m)    Fronting Fee and Documentary and Processing Charges Payable to L/C Issuers. The Borrower shall pay directly to the applicable L/C Issuer for its own account a fronting fee with respect to each Letter of Credit, at the rate per annum equal to the percentage separately agreed upon between the Borrower and such L/C Issuer, computed on the Dollar Equivalent of the daily amount available to be drawn under such Letter of Credit on a quarterly basis in arrears. Such fronting fee shall be due and payable no later than the tenth Business Day after the end of each fiscal quarter end in the most recently- ended quarterly period (or portion thereof, in the case of the first payment), commencing with the first such date to occur after the issuance of such Letter of Credit, on the Maturity Date and thereafter on demand. For purposes of computing the daily amount available to be drawn under any Letter of Credit, the amount of such Letter of Credit shall be determined in accordance with Section 1.06. In addition, the Borrower shall pay directly to the applicable L/C Issuer for its own account, the customary issuance, presentation, amendment and other processing fees, and other standard costs and charges, of such L/C Issuer relating to letters of credit as from time to time in effect. Such customary fees and standard costs and charges are due and payable on demand and are nonrefundable.
(n)    Disbursement Procedures. The L/C Issuer for any Letter of Credit shall, within the time allowed by Applicable Laws or the specific terms of the Letter of Credit following its receipt thereof, examine all documents purporting to represent a demand for payment under such Letter of Credit. Such L/C Issuer shall promptly after such examination notify the Administrative Agent and the Borrower in writing of such demand for payment if such L/C Issuer has made or will make an L/C Disbursement thereunder; provided that any failure to give or delay in giving such notice shall not relieve the Borrower of its obligation to reimburse such L/C Issuer and the Lenders with respect to any such L/C Disbursement.
(o)    Interim Interest. If the L/C Issuer for any standby Letter of Credit shall make any L/C Disbursement, then, unless the Borrower shall reimburse such L/C Disbursement in full on the date such L/C Disbursement is made, the unpaid amount thereof shall bear interest, for each day from and including the date such L/C Disbursement is made to but excluding the date that the Borrower reimburses such L/C Disbursement, at the rate per annum then applicable to Base Rate Loans; provided that if the Borrower fails to reimburse such L/C Disbursement when due pursuant to clause (f) of this Section 2.03, then Section 2.08(b) shall apply. Interest accrued pursuant to this clause (p) shall be for account of such L/C Issuer, except that interest accrued on and after the date of payment by any Lender pursuant to clause (f) of this Section 2.03 to reimburse such L/C Issuer shall be for account of such Lender to the extent of such payment.
(p)    Replacement of any L/C Issuer. Any L/C Issuer may be replaced at any time by written agreement between the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the replaced L/C Issuer and the successor L/C Issuer. The Administrative Agent shall notify the Lenders of any such replacement of an L/C Issuer. At the time any such replacement shall become effective, the Borrower shall pay all unpaid fees accrued for the account of the replaced L/C Issuer pursuant to Section 2.03(m). From and after the effective date of any such replacement, (i) the successor L/C Issuer shall have all the rights and obligations of an L/C Issuer under this Agreement with respect to Letters of Credit to be issued by it thereafter and (ii) references herein to the term “L/C Issuer” shall be deemed to include such successor or any previous L/C Issuer, or such successor and

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all previous L/C Issuer, as the context shall require. After the replacement of an L/C Issuer hereunder, the replaced L/C Issuer shall remain a party hereto and shall continue to have all the rights and obligations of an L/C Issuer under this Agreement with respect to Letters of Credit issued by it prior to such replacement, but shall not be required to issue additional Letters of Credit.
(q)    Cash Collateralization.
(i)    If any Event of Default shall occur and be continuing, on the Business Day that the Borrower receives notice from the Administrative Agent or the Required Revolving Lenders (or, if the maturity of the Loans has been accelerated, Revolving Lenders with L/C Obligations representing at least 66-2/3% of the total L/C Obligations) demanding the deposit of Cash Collateral pursuant to this clause (q), the Borrower shall immediately deposit into an account established and maintained on the books and records of the Administrative Agent (the “Collateral Account”) an amount in cash equal to 105% of the total L/C Obligations as of such date plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, provided that the obligation to deposit such Cash Collateral shall become effective immediately, and such deposit shall become immediately due and payable, without demand or other notice of any kind, upon the occurrence of any Event of Default with respect to the Borrower described in clause (f) of Section 8.01. Such deposit shall be held by the Administrative Agent as collateral for the payment and performance of the obligations of the Borrower under this Agreement. In addition, and without limiting the foregoing or clause (d) of this Section 2.03, if any L/C Obligations remain outstanding after the expiration date specified in said clause (d), the Borrower shall immediately deposit into the Collateral Account an amount in cash equal to 105% of such L/C Obligations as of such date plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon.
(ii)    The Administrative Agent shall have exclusive dominion and control, including the exclusive right of withdrawal, over the Collateral Account. Other than any interest earned on the investment of such deposits, which investments shall be made at the option and sole discretion of the Administrative Agent and at the Borrower’s risk and expense, such deposits shall not bear interest. Interest or profits, if any, on such investments shall accumulate in the Collateral Account. Moneys in the Collateral Account shall be applied by the Administrative Agent to reimburse each L/C Issuer for L/C Disbursements for which it has not been reimbursed, together with related fees, costs, and customary processing charges, and, to the extent not so applied, shall be held for the satisfaction of the reimbursement obligations of the Borrower for the L/C Obligations at such time or, if the maturity of the Loans has been accelerated (but subject to the consent of Lenders with L/C Obligations representing 66-2/3% of the total L/C Obligations), be applied to satisfy other obligations of the Borrower under this Agreement. If the Borrower is required to provide an amount of Cash Collateral hereunder as a result of the occurrence of an Event of Default, such amount (to the extent not applied as aforesaid) shall be returned to the Borrower within three (3) Business Days after all Events of Default have been cured or waived.
(r)    L/C Issuer Reports to the Administrative Agent. Unless otherwise agreed by the Administrative Agent, each L/C Issuer shall, in addition to its notification obligations set forth elsewhere in this Section 2.03, provide the Administrative Agent a Letter of Credit Report, as set forth below:
(i)    reasonably prior to the time that such L/C Issuer issues, amends, renews, increases or extends a Letter of Credit, the date of such issuance, amendment, renewal, increase or extension and the stated amount of the applicable Letters of Credit after giving effect to such issuance, amendment, renewal or extension (and whether the amounts thereof shall have changed);

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(ii)    on each Business Day on which such L/C Issuer makes a payment pursuant to a Letter of Credit, the date and amount of such payment;
(iii)    on any Business Day on which the Borrower fails to reimburse a payment made pursuant to a Letter of Credit required to be reimbursed to such L/C Issuer on such day, the date of such failure and the amount of such payment;
(iv)    on any other Business Day, such other information as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably request as to the Letters of Credit issued by such L/C Issuer; and
(v)    for so long as any Letter of Credit issued by an L/C Issuer is outstanding, such L/C Issuer shall deliver to the Administrative Agent (A) on the last Business Day of each calendar month, (B) at all other times a Letter of Credit Report is required to be delivered pursuant to this Agreement, and (C) on each date that (1) an L/C Credit Extension occurs or (2) there is any expiration, cancellation and/or disbursement, in each case, with respect to any such Letter of Credit, a Letter of Credit Report appropriately completed with the information for every outstanding Letter of Credit issued by such L/C Issuer.
(s)    Additional L/C Issuers. Any Lender hereunder may become an L/C Issuer upon receipt by the Administrative Agent of a fully executed Notice of Additional L/C Issuer which shall be signed by the Company, the Administrative Agent and each L/C Issuer. Such new L/C Issuer shall provide its L/C Commitment in such Notice of Additional L/C Issuer and upon the receipt by the Administrative Agent of the fully executed Notice of Additional L/C Issuer, the defined term L/C Commitment shall be deemed amended to incorporate the L/C Commitment of such new L/C Issuer.
(t)    Letters of Credit Issued for Subsidiaries. Notwithstanding that a Letter of Credit issued or outstanding hereunder is in support of any obligations of, or is for the account of, a Subsidiary, the Borrower shall be obligated to reimburse, indemnify and compensate the applicable L/C Issuer hereunder for any and all drawings under such Letter of Credit as if such Letter of Credit had been issues solely for the account of the Borrower. The Borrower irrevocably waives any and all defenses that might otherwise be available to it as a guarantor or surety of any or all of the obligations of such Subsidiary in respect of such Letter of Credit. The Borrower hereby acknowledges that the issuance of Letters of Credit for the account of Subsidiaries inures to the benefit of the Borrower, and that the Borrower’s business derives substantial benefits from the businesses of such Subsidiaries.
(u)    Conflict with Issuer Documents. In the event of any conflict between the terms hereof and the terms of any Issuer Document, the terms hereof shall control.
2.04    Swingline Loans.
(a)    The Swingline. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Swingline Lender, in reliance upon the agreements of the other Lenders set forth in this Section 2.04, may in its sole discretion make loans to the Company (each such loan, a “Swingline Loan”). Each such Swingline Loan may be made, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, to the Company, in Dollars, from time to time on any Business Day during the Availability Period in an aggregate amount not to exceed at any time outstanding the amount of the Swingline Sublimit; provided, however, that (i) after giving effect to any Swingline Loan, (A) the Total Revolving Outstandings shall not exceed the Revolving Facility at such time, (B) the Revolving Exposure of any Revolving Lender at such time shall not exceed such Lender’s Revolving Commitment and (C) the aggregate amount of all Swingline Loans advanced by any Swingline Lender outstanding shall not

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exceed the Swingline Commitment of the Swingline Lender, (ii) the Borrower shall not use the proceeds of any Swingline Loan to refinance any outstanding Swingline Loan (for the avoidance of doubt, outstanding Swingline Loans may be repaid with the proceeds of a Revolving Loan), and (iii) the Swingline Lender shall not be under any obligation to make any Swingline Loan if it shall determine (which determination shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error) that it has, or by such Credit Extension may have, Fronting Exposure. Within the foregoing limits, and subject to the other terms and conditions hereof, the Company may borrow under this Section 2.04, prepay under Section 2.05, and reborrow under this Section 2.04. Each Swingline Loan shall bear interest only at a rate based on the Base Rate plus the Applicable Rate. Immediately upon the making of a Swingline Loan, each Revolving Lender shall be deemed to, and hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees to, purchase from the Swingline Lender a risk participation in such Swingline Loan in an amount equal to the product of such Revolving Lender’s Applicable Revolving Percentage times the amount of such Swingline Loan.
(b)    Borrowing Procedures.
(i)    Each Swingline Borrowing shall be made upon the Comnpany’s irrevocable notice to the Swingline Lender and the Administrative Agent, which may be given by: (ii) telephone or (iii) a Swingline Loan Notice; provided that any telephonic notice must be confirmed immediately by delivery to the Swingline Lender and the Administrative Agent of a Swingline Loan Notice. Each such Swingline Loan Notice must be received by the Swingline Lender and the Administrative Agent not later than 1:00 p.m. on the requested borrowing date, and shall specify (A) the amount to be borrowed, which shall be a minimum of $100,000, and (B) the requested date of the Borrowing (which shall be a Business Day). Promptly after receipt by the Swingline Lender of any Swingline Loan Notice, the Swingline Lender will confirm with the Administrative Agent (by telephone or in writing) that the Administrative Agent has also received such Swingline Loan Notice and, if not, the Swingline Lender will notify the Administrative Agent (by telephone or in writing) of the contents thereof. Unless the Swingline Lender has received notice (by telephone or in writing) from the Administrative Agent (including at the request of any Revolving Lender) prior to 2:00 p.m. on the date of the proposed Swingline Borrowing (1) directing the Swingline Lender not to make such Swingline Loan as a result of the limitations set forth in the first proviso to the first sentence of Section 2.04(a), or (2) that one or more of the applicable conditions specified in Article IV is not then satisfied, then, subject to the terms and conditions hereof, the Swingline Lender will, not later than 3:00 p.m. on the borrowing date specified in such Swingline Loan Notice may, make the amount of its Swingline Loan available to the Borrower at its office by crediting the account of the Borrower on the books of the Swingline Lender in Same Day Funds.
(c)    Refinancing of Swingline Loans.
(i)    The Swingline Lender at any time in its sole discretion may request, on behalf of the Borrower (which hereby irrevocably authorizes the Swingline Lender to so request on its behalf), that each Revolving Lender make a Base Rate Loan in an amount equal to such Lender’s Applicable Revolving Percentage of the amount of Swingline Loans then outstanding. Such request shall be made in writing (which written request shall be deemed to be a Loan Notice for purposes hereof) and in accordance with the requirements of Section 2.02, without regard to the minimum and multiples specified therein for the principal amount of Base Rate Loans, but subject to the unutilized portion of the Revolving Facility and the conditions set forth in Section 4.02. The Swingline Lender shall furnish the Company with a copy of the applicable Loan Notice promptly after delivering such notice to the Administrative Agent. Each Revolving Lender shall make an amount equal to its Applicable Revolving Percentage of the amount specified in such Loan Notice available to the

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Administrative Agent in Same Day Funds (and the Administrative Agent may apply Cash Collateral available with respect to the applicable Swingline Loan) for the account of the Swingline Lender at the Administrative Agent’s Office for Dollar-denominated payments not later than 1:00 p.m. on the day specified in such Loan Notice, whereupon, subject to Section 2.04(c)(ii), each Revolving Lender that so makes funds available shall be deemed to have made a Base Rate Loan to the Borrower in such amount. The Administrative Agent shall remit the funds so received to the Swingline Lender.
(ii)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the foregoing, if for any reason any Swingline Loan cannot be refinanced by such a Revolving Borrowing in accordance with Section 2.04(c)(i) (including, without limitation, the failure to satisfy the conditions set forth in Section 4.02), the request for Base Rate Loans submitted by the Swingline Lender as set forth herein shall be deemed to be a request by the Swingline Lender that each of the Revolving Lenders fund its risk participation in the relevant Swingline Loan and each Revolving Lender’s payment to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Swingline Lender pursuant to Section 2.04(c)(i) shall be deemed payment in respect of such participation.
(iii)    If any Revolving Lender fails to make available to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Swingline Lender any amount required to be paid by such Lender pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.04(c) by the time specified in Section 2.04(c)(i), the Swingline Lender shall be entitled to recover from such Lender (acting through the Administrative Agent), on demand, such amount with interest thereon for the period from the date such payment is required to the date on which such payment is immediately available to the Swingline Lender at a rate per annum equal to the applicable Overnight Rate from time to time in effect, plus any administrative, processing or similar fees customarily charged by the Swingline Lender in connection with the foregoing. If such Lender pays such amount (with interest and fees as aforesaid), the amount so paid shall constitute such Lender’s Revolving Loan included in the relevant Revolving Borrowing or funded participation in the relevant Swingline Loan, as the case may be. A certificate of the Swingline Lender submitted to any Lender (through the Administrative Agent) with respect to any amounts owing under this clause (c)(iii) shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
(iv)    Each Revolving Lender’s obligation to make Revolving Loans or to purchase and fund risk participations in Swingline Loans pursuant to this Section 2.04(c) shall be absolute and unconditional and shall not be affected by any circumstance, including (A) any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, defense or other right which such Lender may have against the Swingline Lender, the Borrower or any other Person for any reason whatsoever, (B) the occurrence or continuance of a Default or (C) any other occurrence, event or condition, whether or not similar to any of the foregoing; provided, however, that each Revolving Lender’s obligation to make Revolving Loans pursuant to this Section 2.04(c) is subject to the conditions set forth in Section 4.02 (other than delivery by the Borrower of a Loan Notice). No such funding of risk participations shall relieve or otherwise impair the obligation of the Company to repay Swingline Loans, together with interest as provided herein.
(d)    Repayment of Participations.
(i)    At any time after any Revolving Lender has purchased and funded a risk participation in a Swingline Loan, if the Swingline Lender receives any payment on account of such Swingline Loan, the Swingline Lender will distribute to such Revolving Lender its Applicable Revolving Percentage thereof in the same funds as those received by the Swingline Lender.

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(ii)    If any payment received by the Swingline Lender in respect of principal or interest on any Swingline Loan is required to be returned by the Swingline Lender under any of the circumstances described in Section 11.05 (including pursuant to any settlement entered into by the Swingline Lender in its discretion), each Revolving Lender shall pay to the Swingline Lender its Applicable Revolving Percentage thereof on demand of the Administrative Agent, plus interest thereon from the date of such demand to the date such amount is returned, at a rate per annum equal to the applicable Overnight Rate. The Administrative Agent will make such demand upon the request of the Swingline Lender. The obligations of the Lenders under this clause shall survive the payment in full of the Obligations and the termination of this Agreement.
(e)    Interest for Account of Swingline Lender. The Swingline Lender shall be responsible for invoicing the Company for interest on the Swingline Loans. Until each Revolving Lender funds its Base Rate Loan or risk participation pursuant to this Section 2.04 to refinance such Revolving Lender’s Applicable Revolving Percentage of any Swingline Loan, interest in respect of such Applicable Revolving Percentage shall be solely for the account of the Swingline Lender.
(f)    Payments Directly to Swingline Lender. The Company shall make all payments of principal and interest in respect of the Swingline Loans directly to the Swingline Lender.
2.05    Prepayments.
(a)    Optional.
(i)    The Borrower may, upon notice from the Company to the Administrative Agent pursuant to delivery to the Administrative Agent of a Notice of Loan Prepayment, at any time or from time to time voluntarily prepay Revolving Loans and Term Loans in whole or in part without premium or penalty subject to Section 3.05; provided that unless otherwise agreed by Administrative Agent (A) such notice must be received by Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. (1) two (2) Business Days prior to any date of prepayment of Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Dollars, (2) three (3) Business Days (or four (4), in the case of prepayment of Loans denominated in Special Notice Currencies) prior to any date of prepayment of Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Alternative Currencies, and (3) on the date of prepayment of Base Rate Loans; (B) any prepayment of Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Dollars shall be in a principal amount of $1,000,000 or a whole multiple of $500,000 in excess thereof; (C) any prepayment of Eurocurrency Rate Loans denominated in Alternative Currencies shall be in a minimum principal amount of $1,000,000 or a whole multiple of $500,000 in excess thereof, any (D) prepayment of Base Rate Loans shall be in a principal amount of $500,000 or a whole multiple of $100,000 in excess thereof or, in each case, if less, the entire principal amount thereof then outstanding. Each such notice shall specify the date, the currency and amount of such prepayment and the Type(s) of Loans to be prepaid and, if Eurocurrency Rate Loans are to be prepaid, the Interest Period(s) of such Loans. The Administrative Agent will promptly notify each Lender of its receipt of each such notice, and of the amount of such Lender’s ratable portion of such prepayment (based on such Lender’s Applicable Percentage in respect of the relevant Facility). If such notice is given by the Company, the Borrower shall make such prepayment and the payment amount specified in such notice shall be due and payable on the date specified therein. Any prepayment of a Eurocurrency Rate Loan shall be accompanied by all accrued interest on the amount prepaid, together with any additional amounts required pursuant to Section 3.05. Each prepayment of the outstanding Term Loans pursuant to this Section 2.05 shall be applied to the principal repayment installments thereof in direct order

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of maturity. Subject to Section 2.15, such prepayments shall be paid to the Lenders in accordance with their respective Applicable Percentages in respect of each of the relevant Facilities.
(ii)    The Borrower may, upon notice from the Company to the Swingline Lender pursuant to delivery to the Swingline Lender of a Notice of Loan Prepayment (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), at any time or from time to time, voluntarily prepay Swingline Loans in whole or in part without premium or penalty; provided that, unless otherwise agreed by the Swingline Lender, (A) such notice must be received by the Swingline Lender and the Administrative Agent not later than 1:00 p.m. on the date of the prepayment, and (B) any such prepayment shall be in a minimum principal amount of $100,000 or a whole multiple of $100,000 in excess hereof (or, if less, the entire principal thereof then outstanding). Each such notice shall specify the date and amount of such prepayment. If such notice is given by the Borrower, the Borrower shall make such prepayment and the payment amount specified in such notice shall be due and payable on the date specified therein.
(b)    Mandatory.
(i)    Revolving Outstandings. If for any reason the Total Revolving Outstandings at any time exceed the Revolving Facility at such time, the Borrower shall immediately prepay Revolving Loans, Swingline Loans and L/C Borrowings, and/or Cash Collateralize the L/C Obligations in an aggregate amount equal to such excess (together with all accrued by unpaid interest thereon); provided, however, that the Borrower shall not be required to Cash Collateralize the L/C Obligations pursuant to this Section 2.05(b)(i) unless, after the prepayment of the Revolving Loans and Swingline Loans, the Total Revolving Outstandings exceed the Revolving Facility at such time.
(ii)    Application of Other Payments. Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.15, prepayments of the Revolving Facility made pursuant to this Section 2.05(b), first, shall be applied ratably to the L/C Borrowings and the Swingline Loans, second, shall be applied to the outstanding Revolving Loans, and, third, shall be used to Cash Collateralize the remaining L/C Obligations; and the amount remaining, if any, after the prepayment in full of all L/C Borrowings, Swingline Loans and Revolving Loans outstanding at such time and the Cash Collateralization of the remaining L/C Obligations in full (the sum of such prepayment amounts, Cash Collateralization amounts and remaining amount being, collectively, the “Reduction Amount”) may be retained by the Borrower for use in the ordinary course of its business, and the Revolving Facility shall be automatically and permanently reduced by the Reduction Amount as set forth in Section 2.06. Upon the drawing of any Letter of Credit that has been Cash Collateralized, the funds held as Cash Collateral shall be applied (without any further action by or notice to or from the Borrower or any other Loan Party or any Defaulting Lender that has provided Cash Collateral) to reimburse the applicable L/C Issuers or the Revolving Lenders, as applicable.
(iii)    Alternative Currencies. If the Administrative Agent notifies the Company at any time that the Outstanding Amount of all Loans and L/C Obligations denominated in Alternative Currencies at such time exceeds an amount equal to 105% of the Alternative Currency Sublimit then in effect, then, within two (2) Business Days after receipt of such notice, the Borrowers shall prepay Loans and/or Cash Collateralize Letters of Credit in an aggregate amount sufficient to reduce such Outstanding Amount as of such date of payment to an amount not to exceed 100% of the Alternative Currency Sublimit then in effect.
Within the parameters of the applications set forth above, prepayments pursuant to this Section 2.05(b) shall be applied first to Base Rate Loans and then to Eurocurrency Rate Loans in direct order of Interest Period

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maturities. All prepayments under this Section 2.05(b) shall be subject to Section 3.05, but otherwise without premium or penalty, and shall be accompanied by interest on the principal amount prepaid through the date of prepayment.
2.06    Termination or Reduction of Commitments.
(a)    The Borrower may, upon notice from the Company to the Administrative Agent, terminate the Revolving Facility, the Letter of Credit Sublimit or the Swingline Sublimit or from time to time permanently reduce the Revolving Facility, the Letter of Credit Sublimit or the Swingline Sublimit; provided that (i) any such notice shall be received by the Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. five (5) Business Days prior to the date of termination or reduction, (ii) any such partial reduction shall be in an aggregate amount of $10,000,000 or any whole multiple of $1,000,000 in excess thereof and (iii) the Borrower shall not terminate or reduce (A) the Revolving Facility if, after giving effect thereto and to any concurrent prepayments hereunder, the Total Revolving Outstandings would exceed the Revolving Facility, (B) the Letter of Credit Sublimit if, after giving effect thereto, the Outstanding Amount of L/C Obligations not fully Cash Collateralized hereunder would exceed the Letter of Credit Sublimit or (C) the Swingline Sublimit if, after giving effect thereto and to any concurrent prepayments hereunder, the Outstanding Amount of Swingline Loans would exceed the Letter of Credit Sublimit. If after giving effect to any reduction or termination of Revolving Commitments under this Section 2.06, the Letter of Credit Sublimit, the Alternative Currency Sublimit or the Swingline Sublimit exceeds the Revolving Facility at such time, the Letter of Credit Sublimit, the Alternative Currency Sublimit or the Swingline Sublimit, as the case may be, shall be automatically reduced by the amount of such excess. The Administrative Agent will promptly notify the Lenders of any termination or reduction of the Letter of Credit Sublimit, Swingline Sublimit, the Alternative Currency Sublimit or the Revolving Commitment under this Section 2.06. The amount of any such reduction of the Revolving Commitments shall not be applied to the Alternative Currency Sublimit unless otherwise specified by the Company. Upon any reduction of the Revolving Commitments, the Revolving Commitment of each Revolving Lender shall be reduced by such Lender’s Applicable Revolving Percentage of such Reduction Amount. All fees in respect of the Revolving Facility accrued until the effective date of any termination of the Revolving Facility shall be paid on the effective date of such termination.
(b)    Payment of Fees. All fees in respect of the Revolving Facility accrued until the effective date of any termination of the Revolving Facility shall be paid on the effective date of such termination.
2.07    Repayment of Loans.
(a)    Term Loans. The Company shall repay to the Term Lenders the aggregate principal amount of all Term Loans outstanding on the following dates in the respective amounts set forth opposite such dates (which amounts shall be reduced as a result of the application of prepayments in accordance with the order of priority set forth in Section 2.05), unless accelerated sooner pursuant to Section 8.02;

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Payment Dates	Principal Repayment Installments	
September 30, 2019	$2,812,500	
December 31, 2019	$2,812,500	
March 31, 2020	$2,812,500	
June 30, 2020	$2,812,500	
September 30, 2020	$2,812,500	
December 31, 2020	$2,812,500	
March 31, 2021	$2,812,500	
June 30, 2021	$2,812,500	
September 30, 2021 and each Quarter End thereafter until the Maturity Date	$5,625,000	
 	 	
provided, however, that (i) the final principal repayment installment of the Term Loans shall be repaid on the Maturity Date for the Term Facility and in any event shall be in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of all Term Loans outstanding on such date, (ii) if any principal repayment installment to be made by the Company (other than principal repayment installments on Eurocurrency Rate Loans) shall come due on a day other than a Business Day, such principal repayment installment shall be due on the next succeeding Business Day, and such extension of time shall be reflected in computing interest or fees, as the case may be and (iii) if any principal repayment installment to be made by the Company on a Eurocurrency Rate Loan shall come due on a day other than a Business Day, such principal repayment installment shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day unless the result of such extension would be to extend such principal repayment installment into another calendar month, in which event such principal repayment installment shall be due on the immediately preceding Business Day.
(b)    Revolving Loans. The Borrower shall repay to the Revolving Lenders on the Maturity Date for the Revolving Facility the aggregate principal amount of all Revolving Loans outstanding on such date.
(c)    Swingline Loans. The Company shall repay each Swingline Loan on the earlier to occur of (i) the date ten (10) Business Days after such Loan is made and (ii) the Maturity Date for the Revolving Facility.
2.08    Interest and Default Rate.
(a)    Interest. Subject to the provisions of Section 2.08(b), (i) each Eurocurrency Rate Loan under a Facility shall bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof for each Interest Period from the applicable Borrowing date at a rate per annum equal to the Eurocurrency Rate for such Interest Period plus the Applicable Rate for such Facility, (ii) each Base Rate Loan under a Facility shall bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof from the applicable Borrowing date at a rate per annum equal to the Base Rate plus the Applicable Rate for such Facility and (iii) each Swingline Loan shall bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof from the applicable Borrowing date at a rate per annum equal to the Base Rate plus the Applicable Rate for the Revolving Facility the extent that any calculation of interest or any fee required to be paid under this Agreement shall be based on (or result in) a calculation that is less than zero, such calculation shall be deemed zero for purposes of this Agreement.
(b)    Default Rate.

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(i)    If any amount of principal of any Loan is not paid when due (without regard to any applicable grace periods), whether at stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise, such amount shall thereafter bear interest at a fluctuating interest rate per annum at all times equal to the Default Rate to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Laws.
(ii)    If any amount (other than principal of any Loan) payable by the Borrower under any Loan Document is not paid when due (without regard to any applicable grace periods), whether at stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise, then upon the request of the Required Lenders such amount shall thereafter bear interest at a fluctuating interest rate per annum at all times equal to the Default Rate to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Laws.
(iii)    Automatically during the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default pursuant to Section 8.01(a)(i) or (f) or, upon the request of the Required Lenders, while any other Event of Default exists, all outstanding Obligations (including Letter of Credit Fees) may accrue at a fluctuating interest rate per annum at all times equal to the Default Rate to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Laws.
(iv)    Accrued and unpaid interest on past due amounts (including interest on past due interest) shall be due and payable upon demand.
(c)    Interest Payments. Interest on each Loan shall be due and payable in arrears on each Interest Payment Date applicable thereto and at such other times as may be specified herein. Interest hereunder shall be due and payable in accordance with the terms hereof before and after judgment, and before and after the commencement of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law.
(d)    Interest Act (Canada). For the purposes of the Interest Act (Canada), (i) whenever a rate of interest or fee rate hereunder is calculated on the basis of a year (the “deemed year”) that contains fewer days than the actual number of days in the calendar year of calculation, such rate of interest or fee rate shall be expressed as a yearly rate by multiplying such rate of interest or fee rate by the actual number of days in the calendar year of calculation and dividing it by the number of days in the deemed year, (ii) the principle of deemed reinvestment of interest shall not apply to any interest calculation hereunder and (iii) the rates of interest stipulated herein are intended to be nominal rates and not effective rates or yields. Each Loan Party hereby irrevocably agrees not to plead or assert, whether by way of defense or otherwise, in any proceeding relating to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, that the interest payable under this Agreement and the calculation thereof has not been adequately disclosed to it, whether pursuant to section 4 of the Interest Act (Canada) or any other applicable law or legal principle.
2.09    Fees.
In addition to certain fees described in subsection (l) of Section 2.03:
(a)    Commitment Fee. The Borrower shall pay to the Lenders a commitment fee equal to the Applicable Rate times the actual daily amount by which the Revolving Facility exceeds the sum of (i) the Outstanding Amount of Revolving Loans and (ii) the Outstanding Amount of L/C Obligations. The commitment fee shall accrue at all times during the Availability Period, including at any time during which one or more of the conditions in Section 4.02 is not met, and shall be due and payable quarterly in arrears on the last Business Day of each March, June, September and December, commencing with the first such date to occur after the Closing Date, and on the last day of the Availability Period for the Revolving Facility. The commitment fee shall be calculated quarterly in arrears.

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(b)    Other Fees.
(i)    The Borrower shall pay to Bank of America for its own account, in Dollars, fees in the amounts and at the times specified in the Fee Letter. Such fees shall be fully earned when paid and shall not be refundable for any reason whatsoever.
(ii)    The Borrower shall pay to the Lenders, in Dollars, such fees as shall have been separately agreed upon in writing in the amounts and at the times so specified. Such fees shall be fully earned when paid and shall not be refundable for any reason whatsoever.
2.10    Computation of Interest and Fees.
(a)    Computation of Interest and Fees. All computations of interest for Base Rate Loans (including Base Rate Loans determined by reference to the Eurocurrency Rate) and Loans denominated in Canadian Dollars shall be made on the basis of a year of 365 or 366 days, as the case may be, and actual days elapsed. All other computations of fees and interest shall be made on the basis of a 360-day year and actual days elapsed (which results in more fees or interest, as applicable, being paid than if computed on the basis of a 365-day year), or, in the case of interest in respect of Loans denominated in Alternative Currencies as to which market practice differs from the foregoing, in accordance with such market practice. Interest shall accrue on each Loan for the day on which the Loan is made, and shall not accrue on a Loan, or any portion thereof, for the day on which the Loan or such portion is paid, provided that any Loan that is repaid on the same day on which it is made shall, subject to Section 2.12(a), bear interest for one (1) day. Each determination by the Administrative Agent of an interest rate or fee hereunder shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes, absent manifest error.
(b)    Financial Statement Adjustments or Restatements. If, as a result of any restatement of or other adjustment to the financial statements of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries or for any other reason, the Borrower or the Lenders determine that (i) the Consolidated Leverage Ratio as calculated by the Borrower as of any applicable date was inaccurate and (ii) a proper calculation of the Consolidated Leverage Ratio would have resulted in higher pricing for such period, the Borrower shall immediately and retroactively be obligated to pay to the Administrative Agent for the account of the applicable Lenders or the applicable L/C Issuer, as the case may be, promptly on demand by the Administrative Agent (or, after the occurrence of an actual or deemed entry of an order for relief with respect to the Borrower under the Bankruptcy Code of the United States, automatically and without further action by the Administrative Agent), an amount equal to the excess of the amount of interest and fees that should have been paid for such period over the amount of interest and fees actually paid for such period. If, as a result of any restatement of or other adjustment to the financial statements of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries or for any other reason, the Borrower or the Administrative Agent determines that (i) the Consolidated Leverage Ratio as calculated by the Borrower as of any applicable date was inaccurate and (ii) a proper calculation of the Consolidated Leverage Ratio would have resulted in lower pricing for such period, the Administrative Agent shall promptly on demand by the Borrower pay to Borrower an amount equal to the excess of the amount of interest and fees that were paid by Borrower to Administrative Agent for such period over the amount of interest and fees actually due for such period. This paragraph shall not limit the rights of the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any L/C Issuer, as the case may be, under any provision of this Agreement to payment of any Obligations hereunder at the Default Rate or under Article VIII. The Borrower’s obligations under this paragraph shall survive the termination of the Commitments and the repayment of all other Obligations hereunder.
2.11    Evidence of Debt.

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(a)    Maintenance of Accounts. The Credit Extensions made by each Lender shall be evidenced by one or more accounts or records maintained by such Lender in the ordinary course of business. The Administrative Agent shall maintain the Register in accordance with Section 11.06(c). The accounts or records maintained by each Lender shall be conclusive absent manifest error of the amount of the Credit Extensions made by the Lenders to the Borrower and the interest and payments thereon. Any failure to so record or any error in doing so shall not, however, limit or otherwise affect the obligation of the Borrower hereunder to pay any amount owing with respect to the Obligations. In the event of any conflict between the accounts and records maintained by any Lender and the Register, the Register shall control in the absence of manifest error. Upon the request of any Lender made through the Administrative Agent, the Borrower shall execute and deliver to such Lender (through the Administrative Agent) a Note, which shall evidence such Lender’s Loans in addition to such accounts or records. Each Lender may attach schedules to its Note and endorse thereon the date, Type (if applicable), amount, currency and maturity of its Loans and payments with respect thereto.
(b)    Maintenance of Records. In addition to the accounts and records referred to in Section 2.11(a), each Lender and the Administrative Agent shall maintain in accordance with its usual practice accounts or records evidencing the purchases and sales by such Lender of participations in Letters of Credit and Swingline Loans. In the event of any conflict between the accounts and records maintained by the Administrative Agent and the accounts and records of any Lender in respect of such matters, the accounts and records of the Administrative Agent shall control in the absence of manifest error.
2.12    Payments Generally; Administrative Agent Clawback.
(a)    General. All payments to be made by the Borrower shall be made free and clear of and without condition or deduction for any counterclaim, defense, recoupment or setoff. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein and except with respect to principal of and interest on Loans denominated in an Alternative Currency, all payments by the Borrower hereunder shall be made to the Administrative Agent, for the account of the respective Lenders to which such payment is owed, at the Administrative Agent’s Office in Dollars and in Same Day Funds not later than 2:00 p.m. on the date specified herein. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, all payments by the Borrowers hereunder with respect to principal and interest on Loans denominated in an Alternative Currency shall be made to the Administrative Agent, for the account of the respective Lenders to which such payment is owed, at the applicable Administrative Agent’s Office in such Alternative Currency and in Same Day Funds not later than the Applicable Time specified by the Administrative Agent on the dates specified herein. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Administrative Agent may require that any payments due under this Agreement be made in the United States. If, for any reason, any Borrower is prohibited by any Law from making any required payment hereunder in an Alternative Currency, such Borrower shall make such payment in Dollars in the Dollar Equivalent of the Alternative Currency payment amount. The Administrative Agent will promptly distribute to each Lender its Applicable Percentage in respect of the relevant Facility (or other applicable share as provided herein) of such payment in like funds as received by wire transfer to such Lender’s Lending Office. All payments received by the Administrative Agent (i) after 2:00 p.m., in the case of payments in Dollars, or (ii) after the Applicable Time specified by the Administrative Agent, in the case of payments in an Alternative Currency, shall in each case be deemed received on the next succeeding Business Day and any applicable interest or fee shall continue to accrue. Subject to Section 2.07(a) and as otherwise specifically provided for in this Agreement, if any payment to be made by the Borrower shall come due on a day other than a Business Day, payment shall be made on the next following Business Day, and such extension of time shall be reflected in computing interest or fees, as the case may be.

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(b)    Funding by Lenders; Presumption by Administrative Agent. Unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice from a Lender prior to the proposed date of any Borrowing of Eurocurrency Rate Loans (or, in the case of any Borrowing of Base Rate Loans, prior to 12:00 noon on the date of such Borrowing) that such Lender will not make available to the Administrative Agent such Lender’s share of such Borrowing, the Administrative Agent may assume that such Lender has made such share available on such date in accordance with Section 2.02 (or, in the case of a Borrowing of Base Rate Loans, that such Lender has made such share available in accordance with and at the time required by Section 2.02) and may, in reliance upon such assumption, make available to the Borrower a corresponding amount. In such event, if a Lender has not in fact made its share of the applicable Borrowing available to the Administrative Agent, then the applicable Lender and the Borrower severally agree to pay to the Administrative Agent forthwith on demand such corresponding amount in Same Day Funds with interest thereon, for each day from and including the date such amount is made available to the Borrower to but excluding the date of payment to the Administrative Agent, at (A) in the case of a payment to be made by such Lender, the Overnight Rate, plus any administrative, processing or similar fees customarily charged by the Administrative Agent in connection with the foregoing, and (B) in the case of a payment to be made by the Borrower, the interest rate applicable to Base Rate Loans or in the case of Alternative Currencies in accordance with such market practice, in each case, as applicable. If the Borrower and such Lender shall pay such interest to the Administrative Agent for the same or an overlapping period, the Administrative Agent shall promptly remit to the Borrower the amount of such interest paid by the Borrower for such period. If such Lender pays its share of the applicable Borrowing to the Administrative Agent, then the amount so paid shall constitute such Lender’s Loan included in such Borrowing. Any payment by the Borrower shall be without prejudice to any claim the Borrower may have against a Lender that shall have failed to make such payment to the Administrative Agent.
(c)    Payments by Borrower; Presumptions by Administrative Agent. Unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice from the Borrower prior to the date on which any payment is due to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Lenders or any L/C Issuer hereunder that the Borrower will not make such payment, the Administrative Agent may assume that the Borrower has made such payment on such date in accordance herewith and may, in reliance upon such assumption, distribute to the Appropriate Lenders or the applicable L/C Issuers, as the case may be, the amount due. In such event, if the Borrower has not in fact made such payment, then each of the Appropriate Lenders or the applicable L/C Issuers, as the case may be, severally agrees to repay to the Administrative Agent forthwith on demand the amount so distributed to such Lender or such L/C Issuer, in Same Day Funds with interest thereon, for each day from and including the date such amount is distributed to it to but excluding the date of payment to the Administrative Agent, at the Overnight Rate.
A notice of the Administrative Agent to any Lender or the Borrower with respect to any amount owing under this clause (b) shall be conclusive, absent manifest error.
(d)    Failure to Satisfy Conditions Precedent. If any Lender makes available to the Administrative Agent funds for any Loan to be made by such Lender as provided in the foregoing provisions of this Article II, and such funds are not made available to the Borrower by the Administrative Agent because the conditions to the applicable Credit Extension set forth in Article IV are not satisfied or waived in accordance with the terms hereof, the Administrative Agent shall return such funds (in like funds as received from such Lender) to such Lender, without interest.
(e)    Obligations of Lenders Several. The obligations of the Lenders hereunder to make Term Loans and Revolving Loans, to fund participations in Letters of Credit and Swingline Loans and to make payments pursuant to Section 11.04(c) are several and not joint. The failure of any Lender to make any Loan,

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to fund any such participation or to make any payment under Section 11.04(c) on any date required hereunder shall not relieve any other Lender of its corresponding obligation to do so on such date, and no Lender shall be responsible for the failure of any other Lender to so make its Loan, to purchase its participation or to make its payment under Section 11.04(c).
(f)    Funding Source. Nothing herein shall be deemed to obligate any Lender to obtain the funds for any Loan in any particular place or manner or to constitute a representation by any Lender that it has obtained or will obtain the funds for any Loan in any particular place or manner.
(g)    Pro Rata Treatment. Except to the extent otherwise provided herein: (i) each Borrowing (other than Swingline Borrowings) shall be made from the Appropriate Lenders, each payment of fees under Section 2.09 and clauses (l) and (m) of Section 2.03 shall be made for account of the Appropriate Lenders, and each termination or reduction of the amount of the Commitments shall be applied to the respective Commitments of the Lenders, pro rata according to the amounts of their respective Commitments; (ii) each Borrowing shall be allocated pro rata among the Lenders according to the amounts of their respective Commitments (in the case of the making of Revolving Loans) or their respective Loans that are to be included in such Borrowing (in the case of conversions and continuations of Loans); (iii) each payment or prepayment of principal of Loans by the Borrower shall be made for account of the Appropriate Lenders pro rata in accordance with the respective unpaid principal amounts of the Loans held by them; and (iv) each payment of interest on Loans by the Borrower shall be made for account of the Appropriate Lenders pro rata in accordance with the amounts of interest on such Loans then due and payable to the respective Appropriate Lenders.
2.13    Sharing of Payments by Lenders.
If any Lender shall, by exercising any right of setoff or counterclaim or otherwise, obtain payment in respect of (a) Obligations in respect of any of the Facilities due and payable to such Lender hereunder and under the other Loan Documents at such time in excess of its ratable share (according to the proportion of (i) the amount of such Obligations due and payable to such Lender at such time to (ii) the aggregate amount of the Obligations in respect of the Facilities due and payable to all Lenders hereunder and under the other Loan Documents at such time) of payments on account of the Obligations in respect of the Facilities due and payable to all Lenders hereunder and under the other Loan Documents at such time obtained by all the Lenders at such time or (b) Obligations in respect of any of the Facilities owing (but not due and payable) to such Lender hereunder and under the other Loan Documents at such time in excess of its ratable share (according to the proportion of (i) the amount of such Obligations owing (but not due and payable) to such Lender at such time to (ii) the aggregate amount of the Obligations in respect of the Facilities owing (but not due and payable) to all Lenders hereunder and under the other Loan Documents at such time) of payments on account of the Obligations in respect of the Facilities owing (but not due and payable) to all Lenders hereunder and under the other Loan Documents at such time obtained by all of the Lenders at such time, then, in each case under clauses (a) and (b) above, the Lender receiving such greater proportion shall (A) notify the Administrative Agent of such fact, and (B) purchase (for cash at face value) participations in the Loans and sub-participations in L/C Obligations and Swingline Loans of the other Lenders, or make such other adjustments as shall be equitable, so that the benefit of all such payments shall be shared by the Lenders ratably in accordance with the aggregate amount of Obligations in respect of the Facilities then due and payable to the Lenders or owing (but not due and payable) to the Lenders, as the case may be, provided that:

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(a)    if any such participations or sub-participations are purchased and all or any portion of the payment giving rise thereto is recovered, such participations or sub-participations shall be rescinded and the purchase price restored to the extent of such recovery, without interest; and
(b)    the provisions of this Section 2.13 shall not be construed to apply to (A) any payment made by or on behalf of the Borrower pursuant to and in accordance with the express terms of this Agreement (including the application of funds arising from the existence of a Defaulting Lender), (B) the application of Cash Collateral provided for in Section 2.14, or (C) any payment obtained by a Lender as consideration for the assignment of or sale of a participation in any of its Loans or sub-participations in L/C Obligations or Swingline Loans to any assignee or participant, other than an assignment to any Loan Party or any Affiliate thereof (as to which the provisions of this Section 2.13 shall apply).
Each Loan Party consents to the foregoing and agrees, to the extent it may effectively do so under Applicable Law, that any Lender acquiring a participation pursuant to the foregoing arrangements may exercise against such Loan Party rights of setoff and counterclaim with respect to such participation as fully as if such Lender were a direct creditor of such Loan Party in the amount of such participation
2.14    Cash Collateral.
(a)    Obligation to Cash Collateralize. At any time there shall exist a Defaulting Lender, within one Business Day following the written request of the Administrative Agent or any L/C Issuer (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), the Borrower shall Cash Collateralize the L/C Issuers’ Fronting Exposure with respect to such Defaulting Lender (determined after giving effect to Section 2.15(a)(iv) and any Cash Collateral provided by such Defaulting Lender) in an amount not less than the Minimum Collateral Amount. Additionally, if the Administrative Agent notifies the Company at any time that the Outstanding Amount of all L/C Obligations at such time exceeds 105% of the Letter of Credit Sublimit then in effect, then within two (2) Business Days after receipt of such notice, the Company shall provide Cash Collateral for the Outstanding Amount of the L/C Obligations in an amount not less than the amount by which the Outstanding Amount of all L/C Obligations exceeds the Letter of Credit Sublimit.
(b)    Grant of Security Interest. The Borrower, and to the extent provided by any Defaulting Lender, such Defaulting Lender, hereby grants to (and subjects to the control of) the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the Administrative Agent, the L/C Issuers and the Lenders, and agrees to maintain, a first priority security interest in all such cash, deposit accounts and all balances therein, and all other property so provided as Collateral pursuant hereto, and in all proceeds of the foregoing, all as security for the obligations to which such Cash Collateral may be applied pursuant to Section 2.14(c). If at any time the Administrative Agent determines that Cash Collateral is subject to any right or claim of any Person other than the Administrative Agent or the applicable L/C Issuer as herein provided, or that the total amount of such Cash Collateral is less than the Minimum Collateral Amount, the Borrower will, promptly upon demand by the Administrative Agent, pay or provide to the Administrative Agent additional Cash Collateral in an amount sufficient to eliminate such deficiency (determined in the case of Cash Collateral provided pursuant to Section 2.15(a)(v), after giving effect to Section 2.15(a)(v) and any Cash Collateral provided by the Defaulting Lender). All Cash Collateral (other than credit support not constituting funds subject to deposit) shall be maintained in blocked, non-interest bearing deposit accounts at Bank of America. The Borrower shall pay on demand therefor from time to time all customary account opening, activity and other administrative fees and charges in connection with the maintenance and disbursement of Cash Collateral.
(c)    Application. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, Cash Collateral provided under any of this Section 2.14 or Sections 2.03, 2.05, 2.15 or 8.02 in respect of Letters

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of Credit shall be held and applied to the satisfaction of the specific L/C Obligations, obligations to fund participations therein (including, as to Cash Collateral provided by a Revolving Lender that is a Defaulting Lender, any interest accrued on such obligation) and other obligations for which the Cash Collateral was so provided, prior to any other application of such property as may be provided for herein.
(d)    Release. Cash Collateral (or the appropriate portion thereof) provided to reduce Fronting Exposure or to secure other obligations shall be released promptly following (i) the elimination of the applicable Fronting Exposure or other obligations giving rise thereto (including by the termination of Defaulting Lender status of the applicable Revolving Lender (or, as appropriate, its assignee following compliance with Section 11.06(b)(vi)) or (ii) the determination by the Administrative Agent and the applicable L/C Issuer that there exists excess Cash Collateral; provided, however, (A) any such release shall be without prejudice to, and any disbursement or other transfer of Cash Collateral shall be and remain subject to, any other Lien conferred under the Loan Documents and the other applicable provisions of the Loan Documents, and (B) the Person providing Cash Collateral and the applicable L/C Issuer may agree that Cash Collateral shall not be released but instead held to support future anticipated Fronting Exposure or other obligations.
2.15    Defaulting Lenders.
(a)    Adjustments. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, if any Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, then, until such time as that Lender is no longer a Defaulting Lender, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law:
(i)    Waivers and Amendments. Such Defaulting Lender’s right to approve or disapprove any amendment, waiver or consent with respect to this Agreement shall be restricted as set forth in the definition of “Required Lenders” and Section 11.01.
(ii)    Defaulting Lender Waterfall. Any payment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts received by the Administrative Agent for the account of such Defaulting Lender (whether voluntary or mandatory, at maturity, pursuant to Article VIII or otherwise) or received by the Administrative Agent from a Defaulting Lender pursuant to Section 11.08 shall be applied at such time or times as may be determined by the Administrative Agent as follows: first, to the payment of any amounts owing by such Defaulting Lender to the Administrative Agent hereunder; second, to the payment on a pro rata basis of any amounts owing by such Defaulting Lender to any L/C Issuer or the Swingline Lender hereunder; third, to Cash Collateralize the L/C Issuers’ Fronting Exposure with respect to such Defaulting Lender in accordance with Section 2.14; fourth, as the Borrower may request (so long as no Default or Event of Default exists), to the funding of any Loan in respect of which such Defaulting Lender has failed to fund its portion thereof as required by this Agreement, as determined by the Administrative Agent; fifth, if so determined by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower, to be held in a deposit account and released pro rata in order to (A) satisfy such Defaulting Lender’s potential future funding obligations with respect to Loans under this Agreement and (B) Cash Collateralize the L/C Issuers’ future Fronting Exposure with respect to such Defaulting Lender with respect to future Letters of Credit issued under this Agreement, in accordance with Section 2.14; sixth, to the payment of any amounts owing to the Lenders, the L/C Issuers or Swingline Lender as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by any Lender, any L/C Issuer or the Swingline Lender against such Defaulting Lender as a result of such Defaulting Lender’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement; seventh, so long as no Default or Event of Default exists, to the payment of any amounts owing to the Borrower as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by the Borrower against such Defaulting Lender as a result of such Defaulting Lender’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement; and eighth, to

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such Defaulting Lender or as otherwise as may be required under the Loan Documents in connection with any Lien conferred thereunder or directed by a court of competent jurisdiction; provided that if (x) such payment is a payment of the principal amount of any Loans or L/C Borrowings in respect of which such Defaulting Lender has not fully funded its appropriate share, and (y) such Loans were made or the related Letters of Credit were issued at a time when the conditions set forth in Section 4.02 were satisfied or waived, such payment shall be applied solely to pay the Loans of, and L/C Obligations owed to, all Non-Defaulting Lenders on a pro rata basis prior to being applied to the payment of any Loans of, or L/C Obligations owed to, such Defaulting Lender until such time as all Loans and funded and unfunded participations in L/C Obligations and Swingline Loans are held by the Lenders pro rata in accordance with the Commitments hereunder without giving effect to Section 2.15(a)(v). Any payments, prepayments or other amounts paid or payable to a Defaulting Lender that are applied (or held) to pay amounts owed by a Defaulting Lender or to post Cash Collateral pursuant to this Section 2.15(a)(ii) shall be deemed paid to and redirected by such Defaulting Lender, and each Lender irrevocably consents hereto.
(iii)    Certain Fees.
(A)    Fees. No Defaulting Lender shall be entitled to receive any fee payable under Section 2.09(a) for any period during which that Lender is a Defaulting Lender (and the Borrower shall not be required to pay any such fee that otherwise would have been required to have been paid to that Defaulting Lender)
(B)    Letter of Credit Fees. Each Defaulting Lender shall be entitled to receive Letter of Credit Fees for any period during which that Lender is a Defaulting Lender only to the extent allocable to its Applicable Revolving Percentage of the stated amount of Letters of Credit for which it has provided Cash Collateral pursuant to Section 2.14.
(C)    Defaulting Lender Fees. With respect to any fee payable under Section 2.09 or any Letter of Credit Fee not required to be paid to any Defaulting Lender pursuant to clause (B) above, the Borrower shall (1) pay to each Non-Defaulting Lender that portion of any such fee otherwise payable to such Defaulting Lender with respect to such Defaulting Lender’s participation in L/C Obligations or Swingline Loans that has been reallocated to such Non-Defaulting Lender pursuant to clause (iv) below, (2) pay to each L/C Issuer and the Swingline Lender, as applicable, the amount of any such fee otherwise payable to such Defaulting Lender to the extent allocable to such L/C Issuer’s or such Swingline Lender’s Fronting Exposure to such Defaulting Lender, and (3) not be required to pay the remaining amount of any such fee.
(iv)    Reallocation of Applicable Revolving Percentages to Reduce Fronting Exposure. All or any part of such Defaulting Lender’s participation in L/C Obligations and Swingline Loans shall be reallocated among the Non-Defaulting Lenders in accordance with their respective Applicable Revolving Percentages (calculated without regard to such Defaulting Lender’s Commitment) but only to the extent that such reallocation does not cause the aggregate Revolving Exposure of any Non-Defaulting Lender to exceed such Non-Defaulting Lender’s Revolving Commitment. Subject to Section 11.20, no reallocation hereunder shall constitute a waiver or release of any claim of any party hereunder against a Defaulting Lender arising from that Lender having become a Defaulting Lender, including any claim of a Non-Defaulting Lender as a result of such Non-Defaulting Lender’s increased exposure following such reallocation.

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(v)    Cash Collateral, Repayment of Swingline Loans. If the reallocation described in clause (a)(iv) above cannot, or can only partially, be effected, the Borrower shall, without prejudice to any right or remedy available to it hereunder or under Applicable Law, (A) first, prepay Swingline Loans in an amount equal to the Swingline Lenders’ Fronting Exposure and (B) second, Cash Collateralize the L/C Issuers’ Fronting Exposure in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 2.14.
(b)    Defaulting Lender Cure. If the Company, the Administrative Agent, the Swingline Lender and each L/C Issuer agree in writing that a Lender is no longer a Defaulting Lender, the Administrative Agent will so notify the parties hereto, whereupon as of the effective date specified in such notice and subject to any conditions set forth therein (which may include arrangements with respect to any Cash Collateral), that Lender will, to the extent applicable, purchase at par that portion of outstanding Loans of the other Lenders or take such other actions as the Administrative Agent may determine to be necessary to cause the Loans and funded and unfunded participations in Letters of Credit and Swingline Loans to be held pro rata by the Lenders in accordance with their Revolving Commitments (without giving effect to Section 2.15(a)(iv)), whereupon such Lender will cease to be a Defaulting Lender; provided that no adjustments will be made retroactively with respect to fees accrued or payments made by or on behalf of the Borrower while that Lender was a Defaulting Lender; and provided, further, that except to the extent otherwise expressly agreed by the affected parties, no change hereunder from Defaulting Lender to Lender will constitute a waiver or release of any claim of any party hereunder arising from that Lender’s having been a Defaulting Lender.
(c)    New Swingline Loans/Letters of Credit. So long as any Revolving Lender is a Defaulting Lender, (i) the Swingline Lender shall not be required to fund any Swingline Loans unless it is satisfied that it will have no Fronting Exposure after giving effect to such Swingline Loan and (ii) no L/C Issuer shall be required to issue, extend, increase, reinstate or renew any letter of Credit unless it is satisfied that it will have no Fronting Exposure after giving effect thereto.
2.16    Designated Borrowers.
(a)    Designated Borrowers. The Company may at any time, upon not less than ten (10) Business Days’ notice from the Company to the Administrative Agent (or such shorter period as may be agreed by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion), request to designate any Material Subsidiary or Eligible Foreign Subsidiary of the Company (an “Applicant Borrower”) as a Designated Borrower to receive Loans hereunder by delivering to the Administrative Agent (which shall promptly deliver counterparts thereof to each Lender) a duly executed Designated Borrower Request and Assumption Agreement. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that prior to any Applicant Borrower becoming entitled to utilize the credit facilities provided for herein (i) the Administrative Agent and the Lenders that are to provide Commitments and/or Loans in favor of an Applicant Borrower must each agree to such Applicant Borrower becoming a Designated Borrower and (ii) the Administrative Agent and such Lenders shall have received such supporting resolutions, incumbency certificates, opinions of counsel and other documents or information, in form, content and scope reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, as may be required by the Administrative Agent, and Notes signed by such new Borrowers to the extent any Lender so requires (the requirements in clauses (i) and (ii) hereof, the “Designated Borrower Requirements”). If the Designated Borrower Requirements are met, the Administrative Agent shall send a Designated Borrower Notice to the Company and the Lenders specifying the effective date upon which the Applicant Borrower shall constitute a Designated Borrower for purposes hereof, whereupon each of the Lenders agrees to permit such Designated Borrower to receive Loans hereunder, on the terms and conditions set forth herein, and each of the parties agrees that such Designated Borrower otherwise shall be a Borrower for all purposes of this Agreement; provided that no Loan Notice

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or Letter of Credit Application may be submitted by or on behalf of such Designated Borrower until the date five (5) Business Days after such effective date.
(b)    Obligations. Except as specifically provided herein, the Obligations of the Company and each of the Borrowers shall be joint and several in nature (unless such joint and several liability (i) shall result in adverse tax consequences to any such Designated Borrower or (ii) is not permitted by any Law applicable to such Designated Borrower, in which either such case, the liability of such Designated Borrower shall be several in nature) regardless of which such Person actually receives Credit Extensions hereunder or the amount of such Credit Extensions received or the manner in which the Administrative Agent, the L/C Issuer or any Lender accounts for such Credit Extensions on its books and records. Notwithstanding anything contained to the contrary herein or in any Loan Document (including any Designated Borrower Request and Assumption Agreement), (i) no Designated Borrower that is a Foreign Subsidiary shall be obligated with respect to any Obligations of the Company or of any Domestic Subsidiary, (ii) the Obligations owed by a Designated Borrower that is a Foreign Subsidiary shall be several and not joint with the Obligations of the Company or of any Designated Borrower that is a Domestic Subsidiary and (iii) no Designated Borrower that is a Foreign Subsidiary shall be obligated as a Guarantor under Article X with respect to the Obligations of the Company or any Domestic Subsidiary.
(c)    Appointment. Each Subsidiary of the Company that is or becomes a “Designated Borrower” pursuant to this Section 2.16 hereby irrevocably appoints the Company to act as its agent for all purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and agrees that (i) the Company may execute such documents on behalf of such Designated Borrower as the Company deems appropriate in its sole discretion and each Designated Borrower shall be obligated by all of the terms of any such document executed on its behalf, (ii) any notice or communication delivered by the Administrative Agent or the Lenders to the Company shall be deemed delivered to each Designated Borrower and (iii) the Administrative Agent or the Lenders may accept, and be permitted to rely on, any document, instrument or agreement executed by the Company on behalf of each of the Loan Parties.
2.17    Designated Lenders.
Each of the Administrative Agent, each L/C Issuer, the Swingline Lender and each Lender at its option may make any Credit Extension or otherwise perform its obligations hereunder through any Lending Office (each, a “Designated Lender”); provided that any exercise of such option shall not affect the obligation of such Borrower to repay any Credit Extension in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. Any Designated Lender shall be considered a Lender; provided that designation of a Designated Lender is for administrative convenience only and does not expand the scope of liabilities or obligations of any Lender or Designated Lender beyond those of the Lender designating such Person as a Designated Lender as provided in this Agreement.
2.18    Increase in Revolving Facility.
(a)    Request for Increase. Provided there exists no Default, upon notice to the Administrative Agent (which shall promptly notify the Revolving Lenders), the Company, on behalf of itself and the other Borrowers, may from time to time, request an increase in the Revolving Facility by an amount (for all such requests) not exceeding $300,000,000 (an “Incremental Facility”); provided that (i) any such request for an Incremental Facility shall be in a minimum amount of $5,000,000 and (ii) the Borrower may make a maximum of three (3) such requests. At the time of sending such notice, the Borrower (in consultation with the Administrative Agent) shall specify the time period within which each Revolving Lender is requested to

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respond (which shall in no event be less than ten (10) Business Days from the date of delivery of such notice to the Revolving Lenders).
(b)    Lender Elections to Increase. Each Revolving Lender shall notify the Administrative Agent within such time period whether or not it agrees to increase its Revolving Commitment and, if so, whether by an amount equal to, greater than, or less than its Applicable Revolving Percentage of such requested increase. Any Revolving Lender not responding within such time period shall be deemed to have declined to increase its Revolving Commitment.
(c)    Notification by Administrative Agent; Additional Revolving Lenders. The Administrative Agent shall notify the Company and each Revolving Lender of the Revolving Lenders’ responses to each request made hereunder. To achieve the full amount of a requested increase, and subject to the approval of the Administrative Agent, the L/C Issuers and the Swingline Lenders, the Company may also invite additional Eligible Assignees to become Revolving Lenders pursuant to a joinder agreement (“New Revolving Lenders”) in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and its counsel.
(d)    Effective Date and Allocations. If the Revolving Facility is increased in accordance with this Section 2.18, the Administrative Agent and the Company shall determine the effective date (the “Revolving Increase Effective Date”) and the final allocation of such increase. The Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Company and the Revolving Lenders and the New Revolving Lenders of the final allocation of such increase and the Revolving Increase Effective Date.
(e)    Conditions to Effectiveness of Increase. As a condition precedent to such increase, the Company shall deliver to the Administrative Agent a certificate of each Loan Party dated as of the Revolving Increase Effective Date (in sufficient copies for each Lender) signed by a Responsible Officer of such Loan Party (i) certifying and attaching the resolutions adopted by such Loan Party approving or consenting to such increase, and (ii) in the case of the Borrower, certifying that, before and after giving effect to such increase, (A) the representations and warranties contained in Article V and the other Loan Documents are true and correct, on and as of the Revolving Increase Effective Date, and except that for purposes of this Section 2.18, the representations and warranties contained in clauses (a) and (b) of Section 5.05 shall be deemed to refer to the most recent statements furnished pursuant to clauses (a) and (b), respectively, of Section 6.01, and (B) both before and after giving effect to the Incremental Facility, no Default exists. The Borrower shall deliver or cause to be delivered any other customary documents (including, without limitation, legal opinions) as reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent in connection with any Incremental Facility. The Borrower shall prepay any Revolving Loans outstanding on the Revolving Increase Effective Date (and pay any additional amounts required pursuant to Section 3.05) to the extent necessary to keep the outstanding Revolving Loans ratable with any revised Applicable Revolving Percentages arising from any nonratable increase in the Revolving Commitments under this Section 2.18.
(f)    Conflicting Provisions. This Section 2.18 shall supersede any provisions in Section 2.13 or 11.01 to the contrary.
(g)    Incremental Facility. Except as otherwise specifically set forth herein, all of the other terms and conditions applicable to such Incremental Facility shall be identical to the terms and conditions applicable to the Revolving Facility.
ARTICLE III    
 
TAXES, YIELD PROTECTION AND ILLEGALITY

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3.01    Taxes.
(a)    Defined Terms. For purposes of this Section 3.01, the term “Applicable Law” includes FATCA and the term “Lender” includes any L/C Issuer.
(b)    Payments Free of Taxes; Obligation to Withhold; Payments on Account of Taxes. Any and all payments by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document shall be made without deduction or withholding for any Taxes, except as required by Applicable Laws. If any Applicable Laws (as determined in the good faith discretion of an applicable Withholding Agent) require the deduction or withholding of any Tax from any such payment by a Withholding Agent, then the applicable Withholding Agent shall be entitled to make such deduction or withholding and shall timely pay the full amount deducted or withheld to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with Applicable Law and, if such Tax is an Indemnified Tax, then the sum payable by the applicable Loan Party shall be increased as necessarypay an additional amount together with the payment so that after any required withholding or the making of all required deductions (including deductions applicable to additional sums payable under this Section 3.01) the applicable Recipient receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such withholding or deduction been made.
(c)    Payment of Other Taxes by the Loan Parties. The Loan Parties shall timely pay to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with Applicable Law, or at the option of the Administrative Agent timely reimburse it for the payment of, any Other Taxes.
(d)    Tax Indemnifications.
(i)    Each of the Loan Parties shall, and does hereby, jointly and severally indemnify each Recipient, and shall make payment in respect thereof within ten (10) days after demand therefor, for the full amount of any Indemnified Taxes (including Indemnified Taxes imposed or asserted on or attributable to amounts payable under this Section 3.01) payable or paid by such Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to such Recipient, and any penalties, interest and reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Indemnified Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority. A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to the Borrower by a Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), or by the Administrative Agent on its own behalf or on behalf of a Lender, shall be conclusive absent manifest error. Each of the Loan Parties shall also, and does hereby, jointly and severally indemnify the Administrative Agent, and shall make payment in respect thereof within ten (10) days after demand therefor, for any amount which a Lender for any reason fails to pay indefeasibly to the Administrative Agent as required pursuant to Section 3.01(c)(ii) below.
(ii)    Each Lender shall, and does hereby, severally indemnify and shall make payment in respect thereof within ten (10) days after demand therefor, (A) the Administrative Agent against any Indemnified Taxes attributable to such Lender (but only to the extent that any Loan Party has not already indemnified the Administrative Agent for such Indemnified Taxes and without limiting the obligation of the Loan Parties to do so), (B) the Administrative Agent and the Loan Parties, as applicable, against any Taxes attributable to such Lender’s failure to comply with the provisions of Section 11.06(d) relating to the maintenance of a Participant Register and (C) the Administrative Agent and the Loan Parties, as applicable, against any Excluded Taxes attributable to such Lender, in each case, that are payable or paid by the Administrative Agent or a Loan Party in connection with any Loan Document, and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental

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Authority. A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to any Lender by the Administrative Agent shall be conclusive absent manifest error. Each Lender hereby authorizes the Administrative Agent to set off and apply any and all amounts at any time owing to such Lender under any Loan Document or otherwise payable by the Administrative Agent to the Lender from any other source against any amount due to the Administrative Agent under this clause (d)(ii).
(e)    Evidence of Payments. As soon as practicable after any payment of Taxes by any Loan Party to a Governmental Authority, as provided in this Section 3.01, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent the original or a certified copy of a receipt issued by such Governmental Authority evidencing such payment, a copy of any return reporting such payment or other evidence of such payment reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
(f)    Status of Lenders; Tax Documentation.
(i)    Any Lender that is entitled to an exemption from or reduction of withholding Tax with respect to payments made under any Loan Document shall deliver to the Company and the Administrative Agent, at the time or times reasonably requested by the Company or the Administrative Agent, such properly completed and executed documentation reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent as will permit such payments to be made without withholding or at a reduced rate of withholding. In addition, if reasonably requested by the Company or the Administrative Agent, shall deliver such other documentation prescribed by Applicable Law or reasonably requested by the Company or the Administrative Agent as will enable the Borrower or the Administrative Agent to determine whether or not such Lender is subject to backup withholding or information reporting requirements. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding two sentences, the completion, execution and submission of such documentation (other than such documentation set forth in Section 3.01(e)(ii)(A), (ii)(B) and (ii)(D) below) shall not be required if in the Lender’s reasonable judgment such completion, execution or submission would subject such Lender to any material unreimbursed cost or expense or would materially prejudice the legal or commercial position of such Lender.
(ii)    Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in the event that the Borrower is a U.S. Person,
(A)    any Lender that is a U.S. Person shall deliver to the Company and the Administrative Agent on or prior to the date on which such Lender becomes a Lender under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Company or the Administrative Agent), executed copies of IRS Form W–9 certifying that such Lender is exempt from U.S. federal backup withholding tax;
(B)    any Foreign Lender shall, to the extent it is legally entitled to do so, deliver to the Company and the Administrative Agent (in such number of copies as shall be requested by the recipient) on or prior to the date on which such Foreign Lender becomes a Lender under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Borrower or the Administrative Agent), whichever of the following is applicable:
(1)    in the case of a Foreign Lender claiming the benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party (x) with respect to payments of interest under any Loan Document, executed copies of IRS Form W–8BEN–E (or W–8BEN, as applicable) establishing an exemption from, or reduction of, U.S.

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federal withholding Tax pursuant to the “interest” article of such tax treaty and (y) with respect to any other applicable payments under any Loan Document, IRS Form W–8BEN–E (or W–8BEN, as applicable) establishing an exemption from, or reduction of, U.S. federal withholding Tax pursuant to the “business profits” or “other income” article of such tax treaty;
(2)    executed copies of IRS Form W–8ECI;
(3)    in the case of a Foreign Lender claiming the benefits of the exemption for portfolio interest under Section 881(c) of the Code, (x) a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit J–1 to the effect that such Foreign Lender is not a “bank” within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, a “10 percent shareholder” of the Borrower within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(B) of the Code, or a “controlled foreign corporation” described in Section 881(c)(3)(C) of the Code (a “U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate”) and (y) executed copies of IRS Form W–8BEN–E (or W–8BEN, as applicable); or
(4)    to the extent a Foreign Lender is not the beneficial owner, executed copies of IRS Form W–8IMY, accompanied by IRS Form W–8ECI, IRS Form W–8BEN–E (or W–8BEN, as applicable), a U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit J–2 or Exhibit J–3, IRS Form W–9, and/or other certification documents from each beneficial owner, as applicable; provided that if the Foreign Lender is a partnership and one or more direct or indirect partners of such Foreign Lender are claiming the portfolio interest exemption, such Foreign Lender may provide a U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit J–4 on behalf of each such direct and indirect partner;
(C)    any Foreign Lender shall, to the extent it is legally entitled to do so, deliver to the Company and the Administrative Agent (in such number of copies as shall be requested by the recipient) on or prior to the date on which such Foreign Lender becomes a Lender under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Company or the Administrative Agent), executed copies (or originals, as required) of any other form prescribed by Applicable Law as a basis for claiming exemption from or a reduction in U.S. federal withholding Tax, duly completed, together with such supplementary documentation as may be prescribed by Applicable Law to permit the Borrower or the Administrative Agent to determine the withholding or deduction required to be made; and
(D)    if a payment made to a Lender under any Loan Document would be subject to U.S. federal withholding Tax imposed by FATCA if such Lender were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), such Lender shall deliver to the Company and the Administrative Agent at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent such documentation prescribed by Applicable Law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent as may be necessary for the Borrower and the Administrative Agent to comply with their obligations under FATCA and to determine that such Lender has complied with such Lender’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct

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and withhold from such payment. Solely for the purposes of this clause (f)(ii)(D), “FATCA” shall include any amendments made to FATCA after the date of this Agreement.
(iii)    Each Lender agrees that if any form or certification it previously delivered pursuant to this Section 3.01 expires or becomes obsolete or inaccurate in any respect, it shall update such form or certification or promptly notify the Company and the Administrative Agent in writing of its legal inability to do so.
(g)    Treatment of Certain Refunds. Unless required by Applicable Laws, at no time shall the Administrative Agent have any obligation to file for or otherwise pursue on behalf of a Lender, or have any obligation to pay to any Lender, any refund of Taxes withheld or deducted from funds paid for the account of such Lender. If any Recipient determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that it has received a refund of any Taxes as to which it has been indemnified by any Loan Party or with respect to which any Loan Party has paid additional amounts pursuant to this Section 3.01, it shall pay to such Loan Party an amount equal to such refund (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made, or additional amounts paid, by such Loan Party under this Section 3.01 with respect to the Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all out-of-pocket expenses (including Taxes) incurred by such Recipient, as the case may be, and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund), provided that each Loan Party, upon the request of the Recipient, agrees to repay the amount paid over to such Loan Party (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) to the Recipient in the event the Recipient is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this clause (g), in no event will the applicable Recipient be required to pay any amount to such Loan Party pursuant to this clause (g) the payment of which would place the Recipient in a less favorable net after-Tax position than such Recipient would have been in if the Tax subject to indemnification and giving rise to such refund had not been deducted, withheld or otherwise imposed and the indemnification payments or additional amounts with respect to such Tax had never been paid. This clause (g) shall not be construed to require any Recipient to make available its tax returns (or any other information relating to its Taxes that it deems confidential) to any Loan Party or any other Person.
(h)    Survival. Each party’s obligations under this Section 3.01 shall survive the resignation or replacement of the Administrative Agent or any assignment of rights by, or the replacement of, a Lender, the termination of the Commitments and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all other Obligations.
3.02    Illegality.
(a)    If any Lender determines that any Law has made it unlawful, or that any Governmental Authority has asserted that it is unlawful, for any Lender or its applicable Lending Office to make, maintain or fund or charge interest with respect to any Credit Extension, or to determine or charge interest rates based upon the Eurocurrency Rate, or any Governmental Authority has imposed material restrictions on the authority of such Lender to purchase or sell, or to take deposits of, Dollars or any Alternative Currency in the applicable interbank market, then, upon notice thereof by such Lender to the Company (through the Administrative Agent), (i) any obligation of such Lender to make or continue Eurocurrency Rate Loans in the affected currency or currencies or, in the case of Eurocurrency Rate Loans in Dollars, to convert Base Rate Loans to Eurocurrency Rate Loans shall be suspended, and (ii) if such notice asserts the illegality of such Lender making or maintaining Base Rate Loans the interest rate on which is determined by reference to the Eurocurrency Rate component of the Base Rate, the interest rate on which Base Rate Loans of such Lender shall, if necessary to avoid such illegality, be determined by the Administrative Agent without reference to the Eurocurrency Rate component of the Base Rate, in each case until such Lender notifies the Administrative Agent and the Company that the circumstances giving rise to such determination no longer

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exist. Upon receipt of such notice, (A) the Borrower shall, upon demand from such Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), prepay or, if applicable and such Loans are denominated in Dollars, convert all Eurocurrency Rate Loans of such Lender to Base Rate Loans (the interest rate on which Base Rate Loans of such Lender shall, if necessary to avoid such illegality, be determined by the Administrative Agent without reference to the Eurocurrency Rate component of the Base Rate), either on the last day of the Interest Period therefor, if such Lender may lawfully continue to maintain such Eurocurrency Rate Loans to such day, or immediately, if such Lender may not lawfully continue to maintain such Eurocurrency Rate Loans and (B) if such notice asserts the illegality of such Lender determining or charging interest rates based upon the Eurocurrency Rate, the Administrative Agent shall during the period of such suspension compute the Base Rate applicable to such Lender without reference to the Eurocurrency Rate component thereof until the Administrative Agent is advised in writing by such Lender that it is no longer illegal for such Lender to determine or charge interest rates based upon the Eurocurrency Rate. Upon any such prepayment or conversion, the Borrower shall also pay accrued interest on the amount so prepaid or converted, together with any additional amounts required pursuant to Section 3.05.
(b)    iii)    If, in any applicable jurisdiction, the Administrative Agent, the L/C Issuer or any Lender or any Designated Lender determines that any Law has made it unlawful, or that any Governmental Authority has asserted that it is unlawful, for the Administrative Agent, the L/C Issuer or any Lender or its applicable Designated Lender to (i) perform any of its obligations hereunder or under any other Loan Document, (ii) to fund, hold a commitment or maintain its participation in any Loan or Letter of Credit or (iii) issue, make, maintain, fund or charge interest or fees with respect to any Credit Extension to any Designated Borrower who is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than the United States, a State thereof or the District of Columbia such Person shall promptly notify the Administrative Agent, then, upon the Administrative Agent notifying the Company, and until such notice by such Person is revoked, any obligation of such Person to issue, make, maintain, fund or charge interest or fees with respect to any such Credit Extension shall be suspended, and to the extent required by Applicable Law, cancelled. Upon receipt of such notice, the Loan Parties shall, (A) repay that Person’s participation in the Loans or other applicable Obligations on the last day of the Interest Period for each Loan or other Obligation occurring after the Administrative Agent has notified the Company or, if earlier, the date specified by such Person in the notice delivered to the Administrative Agent (being no earlier than the last day of any applicable grace period permitted by Applicable Law), (B) to the extent applicable to the L/C Issuer, Cash Collateralize that portion of applicable L/C Obligations comprised of the aggregate undrawn amount of Letters of Credit to the extent not otherwise Cash Collateralized and (C) take all reasonable actions requested by such Person to mitigate or avoid such illegality.
3.03    Inability to Determine Rates.
(a)    If in connection with any request for a Eurocurrency Rate Loan or a conversion to or continuation thereof, (i) the Administrative Agent determines that (A) deposits (whether in Dollars or an Alternative Currency) are not being offered to banks in the applicable offshore interbank market for such currency for the applicable amount and Interest Period of such Eurocurrency Rate Loan, or (B) (1) adequate and reasonable means do not exist for determining the Eurocurrency Rate for any requested Interest Period with respect to a proposed Eurocurrency Rate Loan (whether denominated in Dollars or an Alternative Currency) or in connection with an existing or proposed Base Rate Loan and (2) the circumstances described in Section 3.03(c)(i) do not apply or (C) a fundamental change has occurred in the foreign exchange or interbank markets with respect to such Alternative Currency (including, without limitation, changes in national or international financial, political or economic conditions or currency exchange rates or exchange controls) (in each case with respect to this clause (i), “Impacted Loans”), or (ii) the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders determine that for any reason Eurocurrency Rate Rate for any requested Interest Period

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with respect to a proposed Eurocurrency Rate Loan does not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to such Lenders of funding such Loan, the Administrative Agent will promptly so notify the Company and each Lender. Thereafter, (x) the obligation of the Lenders to make or maintain Eurocurrency Rate Loans in the affected currency or currencies shall be suspended (to the extent of the affected Eurocurrency Rate Loans or Interest Periods), and (y) in the event of a determination described in the preceding sentence with respect to the Eurocurrency Rate component of the Base Rate, the utilization of the Eurocurrency Rate component in determining the Base Rate shall be suspended, in each case until the Administrative Agent (or, in the case of a determination by the Required Lenders described in clause (ii) of this Section 3.03(a), until the Administrative Agent upon instruction of the Required Lenders) revokes such notice. Upon receipt of such notice, the Borrower may revoke any pending request for a Borrowing of, conversion to or continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans in the affected currency or currencies (to the extent of the affected Eurocurrency Rate Loans or Interest Periods) or, failing that, will be deemed to have converted such request into a request for a Borrowing of Base Rate Loans in Dollars in the amount specified therein.
(b)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Administrative Agent has made the determination described in clause (a)(i) of this Section 3.03, the Administrative Agent in consultation with the Company, may establish an alternative interest rate for the Impacted Loans, in which case, such alternative rate of interest shall apply with respect to the Impacted Loans until (i) the Administrative Agent revokes the notice delivered with respect to the Impacted Loans under clause (a)(i) of this Section 3.03, (ii) the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders notify the Administrative Agent and the Borrower that such alternative interest rate does not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to such Lenders of funding the Impacted Loans, or (iii) any Lender determines that any Law has made it unlawful, or that any Governmental Authority has asserted that it is unlawful, for such Lender or its applicable Lending Office to make, maintain or fund Loans whose interest is determined by reference to such alternative rate of interest or to determine or charge interest rates based upon such rate or any Governmental Authority has imposed material restrictions on the authority of such Lender to do any of the foregoing and provides the Administrative Agent and the Company written notice thereof.
(c)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other Loan Documents, but without limiting Sections 3.01(a) and (b) above, if the Administrative Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive and binding upon all parties hereto absent manifest error), or the Company or Required Lenders notify the Administrative Agent (with, in the case of the Required Lenders, a copy to the Borrower) that the Borrower or Required Lenders (as applicable) have determined (which determination likewise shall be conclusive and binding upon all parties hereto absent manifest error), that:
(i)    adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining LIBOR for any requested Interest Period, including, without limitation, because the LIBOR Screen Rate is not available or published on a current basis and such circumstances are unlikely to be temporary; or
(ii)    the administrator of the LIBOR Screen Rate or a Governmental Authority having or purporting to have jurisdiction over the Administrative Agent has made a public statement identifying a specific date after which LIBOR or the LIBOR Screen Rate shall no longer be made available, or used for determining the interest rate of loans in the applicable currency (such specific date, the “Scheduled Unavailability Date”), or
(iii)    syndicated loans currently being executed, or that include language similar to that contained in this Section 3.03, are being executed or amended (as applicable) to incorporate or adopt a new benchmark interest rate to replace LIBOR,

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(iv)    then, reasonably promptly after such determination by the Administrative Agent or receipt by the Administrative Agent of such notice, as applicable, the Administrative Agent and the Company may amend this Agreement to replace LIBOR with an alternate benchmark rate (including any mathematical or other adjustments to the benchmark (if any) incorporated therein), giving due consideration to any evolving or then existing convention for similar U.S. dollar denominated syndicated credit facilities for such alternative benchmarks (any such proposed rate, a “LIBOR Successor Rate”), together with any proposed LIBOR Successor Rate Conforming Changes (as defined below) and any such amendment shall become effective at 5:00 p.m. on the fifth Business Day after the Administrative Agent shall have posted such proposed amendment to all Lenders and the Borrower unless, prior to such time, Lenders comprising the Required Lenders have delivered to the Administrative Agent written notice that such Required Lenders do not accept such amendment. Such LIBOR Successor Rate shall be applied in a manner consistent with market practice; provided that to the extent such market practice is not administratively feasible for the Administrative Agent, such LIBOR Successor Rate shall be applied in a manner as otherwise reasonably determined by the Administrative Agent.
(d)    If no LIBOR Successor Rate has been determined and the circumstances under clause (c)(i) above exist or the Scheduled Unavailability Date has occurred (as applicable), the Administrative Agent will promptly so notify the Company and each Lender. Thereafter, (i) the obligation of the Lenders to make or maintain Eurocurrency Rate Loans shall be suspended, (to the extent of the affected Eurocurrency Rate Loans or Interest Periods), and (ii) the Eurocurrency Rate component shall no longer be utilized in determining the Base Rate. Upon receipt of such notice, the Borrower may revoke any pending request for a Borrowing of, conversion to or continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans (to the extent of the affected Eurocurrency Rate Loans or Interest Periods) or, failing that, will be deemed to have converted such request into a request for a Borrowing of Base Rate Loans (subject to the foregoing clause (ii)) in the amount specified therein.
(e)    Notwithstanding anything else herein, any definition of LIBOR Successor Rate shall provide that in no event shall such LIBOR Successor Rate be less than zero for purposes of this Agreement.
(f)    For purposes hereof, “LIBOR Successor Rate Conforming Changes” means, with respect to any proposed LIBOR Successor Rate, any conforming changes to the definition of Base Rate, Interest Period, timing and frequency of determining rates and making payments of interest and other administrative matters as may be appropriate, in the discretion of the Administrative Agent in consultation with the Company, to reflect the adoption of such LIBOR Successor Rate and to permit the administration thereof by the Administrative Agent in a manner substantially consistent with market practice (or, if the Administrative Agent determines that adoption of any portion of such market practice is not administratively feasible or that no market practice for the administration of such LIBOR Successor Rate exists, in such other manner of administration as the Administrative Agent determines is reasonably necessary in connection with the administration of this Agreement).
3.04    Increased Costs; Reserves on Eurocurrency Rate Loans.
(a)    Increased Costs Generally. If any Change in Law shall:
(i)    impose, modify or deem applicable any reserve, special deposit, compulsory loan, insurance charge or similar requirement against assets of, deposits with or for the account of, or credit extended or participated in by, any Lender (except any reserve requirement contemplated by Section 3.04(e)) or any L/C Issuer;

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(ii)    subject any Recipient to any Taxes (other than (A) Indemnified Taxes, (B) Taxes described in clauses (b) through (e) of the definition of Excluded Taxes and (C) Connection Income Taxes) on its loans, loan principal, letters of credit, commitments, or other obligations, or its deposits, reserves, other liabilities or capital attributable thereto; or
(iii)    impose on any Lender or any L/C Issuer or the Londonapplicable interbank market any other condition, cost or expense affecting this Agreement or Eurocurrency Rate Loans made by such Lender or any Letter of Credit or participation therein;
and the result of any of the foregoing shall be to increase the cost to such Lender of making, converting to, continuing or maintaining any Loan (or of maintaining its obligation to make any such Loan), or to increase the cost to such Lender or such L/C Issuer of participating in, issuing or maintaining any Letter of Credit (or of maintaining its obligation to participate in or to issue any Letter of Credit), or to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by such Lender or such L/C Issuer hereunder (whether of principal, interest or any other amount) then, upon request of such Lender or such L/C Issuer, the Borrower will pay (or cause the applicable Designated Borrower to pay) to such Lender or such L/C Issuer, as the case may be, such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or such L/C Issuer, as the case may be, for such additional costs incurred or reduction suffered.
(b)    Capital Requirements. If any Lender or any L/C Issuer determines that any Change in Law affecting such Lender or such L/C Issuer or any Lending Office of such Lender or such Lender’s or such L/C Issuer’s holding company, if any, regarding capital or liquidity requirements has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return on such Lender’s or such L/C Issuer’s capital or on the capital of such Lender’s or such L/C Issuer’s holding company, if any, as a consequence of this Agreement, the Commitments of such Lender or the Loans made by, or participations in Letters of Credit or Swingline Loans held by, such Lender, or the Letters of Credit issued by such L/C Issuer, to a level below that which such Lender or such L/C Issuer or such Lender’s or such L/C Issuer’s holding company could have achieved but for such Change in Law (taking into consideration such Lender’s or such L/C Issuer’s policies and the policies of such Lender’s or such L/C Issuer’s holding company with respect to capital adequacy), then from time to time the Borrower will pay (or cause the applicable Designated Borrower to pay) to such Lender or such L/C Issuer, as the case may be, such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or such L/C Issuer or such Lender’s or such L/C Issuer’s holding company for any such reduction suffered.
(c)    Mandatory Costs. If any Lender or any L/C Issuer incurs any Mandatory Costs attributable to the Borrower, then from time to time the Company will pay (or cause the applicable Designated Borrower to pay) to such Lender or such L/C Issuer, as the case may be, such Mandatory Costs. Such amount shall be expressed as a percentage rate per annum and shall be payable on the full amount of the applicable Obligations giving rise to such Mandatory Costs.
(d)    Certificates for Reimbursement. A certificate of a Lender or an L/C Issuer setting forth the amount or amounts necessary to compensate such Lender or such L/C Issuer or its holding company, as the case may be, as specified in clause (a), (b) or (c) of this Section 3.04 and delivered to the Company shall be conclusive absent manifest error. The Borrower shall pay (or cause the applicable Designated Borrower to pay) such Lender or such L/C Issuer, as the case may be, the amount shown as due on any such certificate within ten (10) days after receipt thereof.
(e)    Reserves on Eurocurrency Rate Loans. The Borrower shall pay (or cause the applicable Designated Borrower to pay) to each Lender, (i) as long as such Lender shall be required to maintain reserves with respect to liabilities or assets consisting of or including eurocurrency funds or deposits (currently known

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as “Eurocurrency liabilities”), additional interest on the unpaid principal amount of each Eurocurrency Rate Loan equal to the actual costs of such reserves allocated to such Loan by such Lender (as determined by such Lender in good faith, which determination shall be conclusive), and (ii) as long as such Lender shall be required to comply with any reserve ratio requirement or analogous requirement of any central banking or financial regulatory authority imposed in respect of the maintenance of the Commitments or the funding of the Loans, such additional costs (expressed as a percentage per annum and rounded upwards, if necessary, to the nearest five decimal places) equal to the actual costs allocated to such Commitment or Loan by such Lender (as determined by such Lender in good faith, which determination shall be conclusive), which in each case shall be due and payable on each date on which interest is payable on such Loan, provided the Borrower shall have received at least ten (10) days’ prior notice (with a copy to the Administrative Agent) of such additional interest or costs from such Lender. If a Lender fails to give notice ten (10) days prior to the relevant Interest Payment Date, such additional interest shall be due and payable ten (10) days from receipt of such notice.
(f)    Delay in Requests. Failure or delay on the part of any Lender or any L/C Issuer to demand compensation pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.04 shall not constitute a waiver of such Lender’s or such L/C Issuer’s right to demand such compensation, provided that the Borrower shall not be required to compensate a Lender or an L/C Issuer pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.04 for any increased costs incurred or reductions suffered more than nine (9) months prior to the date that such Lender or such L/C Issuer, as the case may be, notifies the Borrower of the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions and of such Lender’s or such L/C Issuer’s intention to claim compensation therefor (except that, if the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions is retroactive, then the nine (9) month period referred to above shall be extended to include the period of retroactive effect thereof).
3.05    Compensation for Losses.
Upon demand of any Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent) from time to time, the Borrower shall promptly compensate (or cause the applicable Designated Borrower to compensate) such Lender for and hold such Lender harmless from any loss, cost or expense incurred by it as a result of:
(a)    any continuation, conversion, payment or prepayment of any Loan other than a Base Rate Loan on a day other than the last day of the Interest Period for such Loan (whether voluntary, mandatory, automatic, by reason of acceleration, or otherwise);
(b)    any failure by the Borrower (for a reason other than the failure of such Lender to make a Loan) to prepay, borrow, continue or convert any Loan other than a Base Rate Loan on the date or in the amount notified by the Borrower or the applicable Designated Borrower; or
(c)    any assignment of a Eurocurrency Rate Loan on a day other than the last day of the Interest Period therefor as a result of a request by the Borrower pursuant to Section 11.13; or
(d)    any failure by any Borrower to make payment of any Loan or drawing under any Letter of Credit (or interest due thereon) denominated in an Alternative Currency on its scheduled due date or any payment thereof in a different currency;
including any loss of anticipated profits, any foreign exchange losses and any loss or expense arising from the liquidation or reemployment of funds obtained by it to maintain such Loan or from fees payable to terminate the deposits from which such funds were obtained or from the performance of

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any foreign exchange contract. The Borrower shall also pay (or cause the applicable Designated Borrower to pay) any customary administrative fees charged by such Lender in connection with the foregoing.
For purposes of calculating amounts payable by the Borrower (or the applicable Designated Borrower) to the Lenders under this Section 3.05, each Lender shall be deemed to have funded each Eurocurrency Rate Loan made by it at the Eurocurrency Rate for such Loan by a matching deposit or other borrowing in the offshore interbank market for such currency for a comparable amount and for a comparable period, whether or not such Eurocurrency Rate Loan was in fact so funded.
3.06    Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders.
(a)    Designation of a Different Lending Office. If any Lender requests compensation under Section 3.04, or requires the Borrower to pay any Indemnified Taxes or additional amounts to any Lender, any L/C Issuer, or any Governmental Authority for the account of any Lender or any L/C Issuer pursuant to Section 3.01, or if any Lender gives a notice pursuant to Section 3.02, then at the request of the Borrower, such Lender or such L/C Issuer shall, as applicable, use reasonable efforts to designate a different Lending Office for funding or booking its Loans hereunder or to assign its rights and obligations hereunder to another of its offices, branches or affiliates, if, in the judgment of such Lender or such L/C Issuer, such designation or assignment (i) would eliminate or reduce amounts payable pursuant to Section 3.01 or 3.04, as the case may be, in the future, or eliminate the need for the notice pursuant to Section 3.02, as applicable, and (ii) in each case, would not subject such Lender or such L/C Issuer, as the case may be, to any unreimbursed cost or expense and would not otherwise be disadvantageous to such Lender or such L/C Issuer, as the case may be. The Borrower hereby agrees to pay (or cause the applicable Designated Borrower to pay) all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by any Lender or any L/C Issuer in connection with any such designation or assignment.
(b)    Replacement of Lenders. If any Lender requests compensation under Section 3.04, or if the Borrower is required to pay any Indemnified Taxes or additional amounts to any Lender or any Governmental Authority for the account of any Lender pursuant to Section 3.01 and, in each case, such Lender has declined or is unable to designate a different lending office in accordance with Section 3.06(a), the Borrower may replace such Lender in accordance with Section 11.13.
3.07    Survival.
All of the Borrower’s obligations under this Article III shall survive termination of the Aggregate Commitments, repayment of all other Obligations hereunder, resignation of the Administrative Agent and the Facility Termination Date.

3.08    United Kingdom Tax Matters.
(a)    The provisions of this Section 3.08 shall only apply in respect of any UK Borrower, and in respect of any such UK Borrower, the provisions of Section 3.01 shall not apply.
(b)    Tax gross-up.
(i)    Each UK Borrower shall make all payments to be made by it under any Loan Document without any UK Tax Deduction unless a UK Tax Deduction is required by law.

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(ii)    A UK Borrower shall, promptly upon becoming aware that it must make a UK Tax Deduction (or that there is any change in the rate or the basis of a UK Tax Deduction) notify Agent accordingly. Similarly, a Lender shall notify Administrative Agent on becoming so aware in respect of a payment payable to that Lender. If Administrative Agent receives such notification from a Lender it shall notify the Company.
(iii)    If a UK Tax Deduction is required by law to be made by a UK Borrower, the amount of the payment due from that UK Borrower shall be increased to an amount which (after making any UK Tax Deduction) leaves an amount equal to the payment which would have been due if no UK Tax Deduction had been required.
(iv)    A payment by a UK Borrower shall not be increased under clause (iii) above by reason of a UK Tax Deduction on account of Taxes imposed on interest by the United Kingdom if, on the date on which the payment falls due:
(A)    the payment could have been made to the relevant Lender without a UK Tax Deduction if the Lender had been a UK Qualifying Lender, but on that date that Lender is not or has ceased to be a UK Qualifying Lender other than as a result of any change after the date it became a Lender under this Agreement in (or in the interpretation, administration, or application of) any law or Treaty or any published practice or published concession of any relevant taxing authority; or
(B)    the relevant Lender is a UK Qualifying Lender solely by virtue of clause (a)(ii) of the definition of UK Qualifying Lender, and:
(1)    an officer of H.M. Revenue & Customs has given (and not revoked) a direction (a “Direction”) under section 931 of the ITA which relates to the payment and that Lender has received from the UK Borrower making the payment a certified copy of that Direction; and
(2)    the payment could have been made to the Lender without any UK Tax Deduction if that Direction had not been made; or
(C)    the relevant Lender is a UK Qualifying Lender solely by virtue of clause (a)(ii) of the definition of UK Qualifying Lender and:
(1)    the relevant Lender has not given a UK Tax Confirmation to the UK Borrower; and
(2)    the payment could have been made to the Lender without any UK Tax Deduction if the Lender had given a UK Tax Confirmation to the UK Borrower, on the basis that the UK Tax Confirmation would have enabled the UK Borrower to have formed a reasonable belief that the payment was an “excepted payment” for the purpose of section 930 of the ITA; or
(D)    the relevant Lender is a UK Treaty Lender and the UK Borrower making the payment is able to demonstrate that the payment could have been made to the Lender without the UK Tax Deduction had that Lender complied with its obligations under clause (vii) below.

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(v)    If a UK Borrower is required to make a UK Tax Deduction, that UK Borrower shall make that UK Tax Deduction and any payment required in connection with that UK Tax Deduction within the time allowed and in the minimum amount required by law.
(vi)    Within thirty days of making either a UK Tax Deduction or any payment required in connection with that UK Tax Deduction, the UK Borrower making that UK Tax Deduction shall deliver to Agent for the Lender entitled to the payment a statement under section 975 of the ITA or other evidence reasonably satisfactory to that Lender that the UK Tax Deduction has been made or (as applicable) any appropriate payment paid to the relevant taxing authority.
(vii)    
(A)    Subject to clause (vii)(2B) below, a UK Treaty Lender and each UK Borrower which makes a payment to which that UK Treaty Lender is entitled shall co-operate in completing any procedural formalities necessary for that UK Borrower to obtain authorization to make that payment without a UK Tax Deduction.
(B)    
(1)    A UK Treaty Lender which becomes a party to this Agreement on the day on which this Agreement is entered into that holds a passport under the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme, and which wishes that scheme to apply to this Agreement, shall include an indication to that effect (for the benefit of Agent and without liability to any UK Borrower) by confirming its scheme reference number and its jurisdiction of tax residence opposite its name at Schedule 1.01(b); and
(2)    a UK Treaty Lender which becomes a party to this Agreement after the day on which this Agreement is entered into that holds a passport under the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme, and which wishes that scheme to apply to this Agreement, shall include an indication to that effect (for the benefit of Agent and without liability to any UK Borrower) by confirming its scheme reference number and jurisdiction of tax residence in the documentation which it executes on becoming a party to this Agreement as a Lender,
and having done so, that Lender shall be under no obligation pursuant to clause (vii)(1A) above.
(viii)    If a Lender has confirmed its scheme reference number and jurisdiction of tax residence in accordance with Section 3.08(b)(vii)(2B) above and:
(A)    a UK Borrower making a payment to that Lender has not made a Borrower DTTP Filing in respect of that Lender; or
(B)    a UK Borrower making a payment to that Lender has made a Borrower DTTP Filing in respect of that Lender but:
(1)    that Borrower DTTP Filing has been rejected by H.M. Revenue & Customs; or

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(2)    H.M. Revenue & Customs has not given the UK Borrower authority to make payment to that Lender without a UK Tax Deduction within 60 days of the date of the Borrower DTTP Filing,
(3)    and in each case, the UK Borrower has notified that Lender in writing, that Lender and the UK Borrower shall co-operate in completing any additional procedural formalities necessary for that UK Borrower to obtain authorization to make that payment without a UK Tax Deduction.
(ix)    If a Lender has not included an indication to the effect that it wishes the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme to apply to this Agreement in accordance with Section 3.08(b)(vii)(2B) or Section 3.08(e), no UK Borrower shall make a Borrower DTTP Filing or file any other form relating to the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme in respect of that Lender’s advance or its participation in any advance unless the Lender otherwise agrees.
(x)    A UK Borrower shall, promptly on making a Borrower DTTP Filing, deliver a copy of that Borrower DTTP Filing to Agent for delivery to the relevant Lender.
(xi)    A UK Non-Bank Lender shall promptly notify the Company and Administrative Agent if there is any change in the position from that set out in the UK Tax Confirmation.
(c)    Tax indemnity.
(i)    A UK Borrower shall (within three Business Days of demand by the Agent) pay to a UK Lender an amount equal to the loss, liability or cost which that UK Lender determines will be or has been (directly or indirectly) suffered for or on account of Taxes by that Lender in respect of a Loan Document.
(ii)    Clause (c)(i) above shall not apply:
(A)    with respect to any Taxes assessed on a Lender
(1)    under the law of the jurisdiction in which such Lender is incorporated or, if different, the jurisdiction (or jurisdictions) in which such Lender is treated as resident for tax purposes; or
(2)    under the law of the jurisdiction in which such Lender’s Lending Office is located in respect of amounts received or receivable in such jurisdiction, if such Taxes are imposed on or calculated by reference to the net income received or receivable (but not any sum deemed to be received or receivable) by such Lender; or
(3)    to the extent a loss, liability or cost:

i.	is compensated for by an increased payment under Section 3.08(b)(iii); or	

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ii.	would have been compensated for by an increased payment under Section 3.08(b)(iii) but was not so compensated solely because one of the exclusions in Section 3.08(b)(iv) applied; or	

iii.	relates to a FATCA Deduction required to be made by a party to this Agreement.	
(iii)    A Lender making, or intending to make a claim under clause (c)(i) above shall promptly notify Administrative Agent of the event which will give, or has given, rise to the claim, following which Administrative Agent shall notify the Company.
(iv)    A Lender shall, on receiving a payment from a UK Borrower under this Section 3.08(c), notify Administrative Agent.
(d)    Tax Credit. If a UK Borrower makes a UK Tax Payment and the relevant Lender determines that:
(i)    a Tax Credit is attributable either to an increased payment of which that UK Tax Payment forms part, or to that UK Tax Payment or to a UK Tax Deduction in consequence of which that UK Tax Payment was required; and
(ii)    such Lender has obtained, utilized and retained that Tax Credit, in whole or in part,
such Lender shall pay an amount to that UK Borrower which such Lender determines will leave it (after that payment) in the same after-Tax position as it would have been in had the UK Tax Payment not been required to be made by the UK Borrower.
(e)    Lender Status Confirmation. Each Lender which becomes a party to this Agreement after the date of this Agreement (“New Lender”) shall indicate, in the documentation which it executes on becoming a party to this Agreement, and for the benefit of Agent and without liability to any UK Borrower, which of the following categories it falls within:
(i)    not a UK Qualifying Lender;
(ii)    a UK Qualifying Lender (other than a UK Treaty Lender); or
(iii)    a UK Treaty Lender.
If a New Lender fails to indicate its status in accordance with this Section 3.08(e), then that New Lender shall be treated for the purposes of this Agreement (including by each UK Borrower) as if it is not a UK Qualifying Lender until such time as it notifies Agent which category of UK Qualifying Lender applies. For the avoidance of doubt, the documentation which a Lender executes on becoming a party to this Agreement shall not be invalidated by any failure of a New Lender to comply with this Section 3.08(e).
(f)    Stamp Taxes. The UK Borrower shall pay and, within three Business Days of demand, indemnify each Lender against any cost, loss or liability that Lender incurs in relation to all stamp duty, registration and other similar Taxes payable in respect of any Loan Document, other than in respect of an assignment or transfer by a Lender.

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(g)    Value Added Tax.
(i)    All amounts expressed to be payable under a Loan Document by any party to any Lender which (in whole or in part) constitute the consideration for a supply for VAT purposes shall be deemed to be exclusive of any VAT which is chargeable on such supply, and accordingly, subject to clause (ii) below, if VAT is or becomes chargeable on any supply made by any Lender to any party under a Loan Document, that party shall pay to the Lender (in addition to and at the same time as paying any other consideration for such supply) an amount equal to the amount of such VAT (and such Lender shall promptly provide an appropriate VAT invoice to such party).
(ii)    If VAT is or becomes chargeable on any supply made by any Lender (the “Supplier”) to any other Lender (the “Recipient”) under a Loan Document, and any party other than the Recipient (the “Subject Party”) is required by the terms of any Loan Document to pay an amount equal to the consideration for such supply to the Supplier (rather than being required to reimburse the Recipient in respect of that consideration):
(1)    (where the Supplier is the person required to account to the relevant tax authority for the VAT) the Subject Party shall also pay to the Supplier (at the same time as paying such amount) an additional amount equal to the amount of such VAT. The Recipient must (where this clause (ii)(1) applies) promptly pay to the Subject Party an amount equal to any credit or repayment obtained by the Recipient from the relevant tax authority which the Recipient reasonably determines relates to the VAT chargeable on that supply; and
(2)    (where the Recipient is the person required to account to the relevant tax authority for the VAT) the Subject Party shall promptly, following demand from the Recipient, pay to the Recipient an amount equal to the VAT chargeable on that supply but only to the extent that the Recipient reasonably determines that it is not entitled to credit or repayment from the relevant tax authority in respect of that VAT.
(iii)    Where a Loan Document requires any party to reimburse or indemnify a Lender for any cost or expense, that party shall reimburse or indemnify (as the case may be) such Lender for the full amount of such cost or expense, including such part thereof as represents VAT, save to the extent that such Lender reasonably determines that it is entitled to credit or repayment in respect of such VAT from the relevant tax authority.
(iv)    Any reference in this Section 3.08(h) to any party shall, at any time when such party is treated as a member of a group for VAT purposes, include (where appropriate and unless the context otherwise requires) a reference to the representative member of such group at such time (the term “representative member” to have the same meaning as in the United Kingdom Value Added Tax Act 1994).
(v)    In relation to any supply made by a Lender to any party under a Loan Document, if reasonably requested by such Lender, that party must promptly provide such Lender with details of that party’s VAT registration and such other information as is reasonably requested in connection with such Lender’s VAT reporting requirements in relation to such supply.

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(h)    Determination. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Section 3.08, a reference to “determines” or “determined” in connection with tax provisions contained in this Section 3.08 means a determination made in the absolute discretion of the person making the determination.
(i)    FATCA information.
(i)    Subject to clause (iii) below, each Lender and UK Borrower shall, within ten Business Days of a reasonable request by another such party:
(A)    confirm to that other party whether it is a FATCA Exempt Party or not a FATCA Exempt Party;
(B)    supply to that other party such forms, documentation and other information relating to its status under FATCA as that other party reasonably requests for the purposes of that other party’s compliance with FATCA; and
(C)    supply to that other party such forms, documentation and other information relating to its status as that other party reasonably requests for the purposes of that other party’s compliance with any other law, regulation, or exchange of information regime.
(ii)    If a party confirms to another party pursuant to clause (i)(1) above that it is a FATCA Exempt Party and it subsequently becomes aware that it is not or has ceased to be a FATCA Exempt Party, that party shall notify that other party reasonably promptly.
(iii)    Clause (i) above shall not oblige any Lender to do anything, and clause (i)(3) above shall not oblige any other party to do anything, which would or might in its reasonable opinion constitute a breach of:
(A)    any law or regulation;
(B)    any fiduciary duty; or
(C)    any duty of confidentiality.
(iv)    If a party fails to confirm whether or not it is a FATCA Exempt Party or to supply forms, documentation or other information requested in accordance with clause (i)(1) or (2) above (including, for the avoidance of doubt, where clause (iii) above applies), then such party shall be treated for the purposes of the Loan Documents (and payments under them) as if it is not a FATCA Exempt Party until such time as the party in question provides the requested confirmation, forms, documentation or other information.
(j)    FATCA Deduction.
(i)    Each Lender and UK Borrower may make any FATCA Deduction it is required to make by FATCA, and any payment required in connection with that FATCA Deduction, and no such party shall be required to increase any payment in respect of which it makes such a FATCA Deduction or otherwise compensate the recipient of the payment for that FATCA Deduction.

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(ii)    Each Lender and UK Borrower shall promptly, upon becoming aware that it must make a FATCA Deduction (or that there is any change in the rate or the basis of such FATCA Deduction), notify the party to whom it is making the payment and, in addition, shall notify the Borrower Agent and Agent, and Agent shall notify the other Lenders.
If as a result of circumstances existing at the date the assignment, a UK Borrower would be obliged to make a payment to the assignee under Section 3.08(b) then the assignee is only entitled to receive payment under those Sections to the same extent as the existing Lender would have been if the assignment had not occurred.

ARTICLE IV    
 
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO CREDIT EXTENSIONS
4.01    Conditions of Initial Credit Extension.
The obligation of any L/C Issuer and each Lender to make its initial Credit Extension hereunder on the Closing Date is subject to satisfaction of the following conditions precedent:
(a)    Execution of Credit Agreement; Loan Documents. The Administrative Agent shall have received (i) counterparts of this Agreement, executed by a Responsible Officer of each Loan Party and a duly authorized officer of each Lender, (ii) for the account of each Lender requesting a Note, a Note executed by a Responsible Officer of the Borrowers and (iii) counterparts of any other Loan Document, executed by a Responsible Officer of the applicable Loan Party and a duly authorized officer of each other Person party thereto.
(b)    Officer’s Certificate. The Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate of a Responsible Officer dated the Closing Date, certifying as to the Organization Documents of each Loan Party (which, to the extent filed with a Governmental Authority, shall be certified as of a recent date by such Governmental Authority), the resolutions of the governing body of each Loan Party, the good standing, existence or its equivalent of each Loan Party and of the incumbency (including specimen signatures) of the Responsible Officers of each Loan Party.
(c)    Legal Opinions of Counsel. The Administrative Agent shall have received an opinion or opinions (including, if requested by the Administrative Agent, local counsel opinions) of counsel for the Loan Parties, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, in form and substance acceptable to the Administrative Agent.
(d)    Financial Statements and Projections. The Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall have received (i) copies of the financial statements referred to in Sections 5.05(a), (b) and (c) and (ii) copies of projections of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, prepared giving effect to the Closing Date Acquisitions and the other transactions contemplated hereby, for the five fiscal years following the Closing Date on a year by year basis.
(e)    Closing Certificates.
(i)    The Administrative Agent shall have received a Solvency Certificate signed by a Responsible Officer of the Company as to the financial condition, solvency and related matters of

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the Company and its Subsidiaries, after giving effect to the initial borrowings under the Loan Documents, the Closing Date Acquisition and the other transactions contemplated hereby.
(ii)    The Administrative Agent shall have received a closing certificate signed by a Responsible Officer of the Company (x) certifying to compliance with clause (i) below and (y) certifying that attached thereto is a true, correct and complete copy of the Closing Date Acquisition Agreement and all amendments or modifications thereto, if any.
(f)    Loan Notice. The Administrative Agent shall have received a Loan Notice with respect to the Loans to be made on the Closing Date.
(g)    Fees and Expenses. The Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall have received all fees to be paid on the Closing Date pursuant to the Fee Letter and this Agreement and reasonable and documented out of pocket expenses (including, without limitation, legal fees of counsel to the Administrative Agent), to the extent invoiced at least three Business Days prior to the Closing Date, owing pursuant to the Loan Documents (which amounts may be offset against the proceeds of the initial Loans hereunder).
(h)    Closing Date Acquisition.
(i)    The Closing Date Acquisition shall have been consummated simultaneously or substantially concurrently with the funding of the Credit Extensions made on the Closing Date on the terms and conditions described in the Closing Date Acquisition Agreement, without giving effect to any amendment, waiver, consent or other modification thereof that is materially adverse to the interests of the Administrative Agent or the Lenders unless approved by the Administrative Agent (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned). For purposes of the foregoing condition, it is hereby understood and agreed that (i) any reduction in the purchase price in connection with the Closing Date Acquisition Agreement, other than a reduction in accordance with the terms of the Closing Date Acquisition Agreement (including without limitation, working capital adjustments), shall be deemed to be materially adverse to the interests of the Lenders, unless either such reduction of the purchase price is less than 15% of the total purchase price or, if such reduction is equal to or greater than 15% of the total purchase price, 100% of such amount is applied to reduce the amount of the Term Facility and (ii) any change, waivers or consent with respect to the definition of “Material Adverse Effect” shall be deemed materially adverse to the interest of the Lenders.
(ii)    Since the date of the Closing Date Acquisition Agreement, there shall have been no Company Material Adverse Effect (as defined in the Closing Date Acquisition Agreement).
(iii)    All third party indebtedness for borrowed money of the Company, the Target and their respective Subsidiaries, including under each of the Existing Credit Agreement and Target’s existing credit agreement, as applicable, in each case, shall have been repaid or discharged or arrangements reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent for such repayment or discharge shall have been made (other than (x) in respect of letters of credit that are either rolled into or back-stopped by letter(s) of credit issued hereunder or cash collateralized by the Borrower, (y) other indebtedness permitted to be incurred or outstanding on or prior to the Closing Date pursuant to the Closing Date Acquisition Agreement, and (z) other indebtedness permitted under Section 7.02) and all commitments thereunder and all guarantees and security interests granted in connection therewith, if any, shall be terminated on or prior to the Closing Date. Upon satisfaction of the condition set forth in this clause (h)(iii) with respect to the Existing Credit Agreement, Bank of America

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acknowledges and agrees that the Existing Credit Agreement shall automatically and without further action be terminated (other than provisions and obligations thereunder which by their express terms survive termination of the Existing Credit Agreement), all outstanding principal, interest and fees thereunder shall be paid in full and all commitments of the lenders thereunder shall be automatically and without further action terminated.
(i)    Specified Representations. The Specified Representations and Specified Acquisition Agreement Representations shall (i) with respect to representations and warranties that contain a materiality qualification, be true and correct on and as of the Closing Date (except to the extent that such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, in which case they shall be true and correct as of such earlier date), and (ii) with respect to representations and warranties that do not contain a materiality qualification, be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the Closing Date (except to the extent that such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, in which case they shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date).
(j)    KYC. The Lenders shall have received at least three Business Days prior to the Closing Date all documentation and other information regarding the Loan Parties required by Governmental Authorities under applicable “know your customer”, anti-money laundering and similar rules and regulations, including the Patriot Act, in each case to the extent reasonably requested of the Borrower at least 10 Business Days prior to the Closing Date.
4.02    Conditions to all Credit Extensions.
The obligation of each Lender and the L/C Issuer to honor any Request for Credit Extension (other than (a) the Loans made on the Closing Date and (b) a Loan Notice requesting only a conversion of Loans to the other Type, or a continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans) is subject to the following conditions precedent:
(a)    Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Borrower and each other Loan Party contained in Article II, Article V or any other Loan Document, or which are contained in any document furnished at any time under or in connection herewith or therewith, shall (i) with respect to representations and warranties that contain a materiality qualification, be true and correct on and as of the date of such Credit Extension (except to the extent that such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, in which case they shall be true and correct as of such earlier date), and (ii) with respect to representations and warranties that do not contain a materiality qualification, be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the date of such Credit Extension (except to the extent that such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, in which case they shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date), and except that for purposes of this Section 4.02, the representations and warranties contained in Sections 5.05(a) and (b) shall be deemed to refer to the most recent statements furnished pursuant to Sections 6.01(a) and (b), respectively.
(b)    Default. No Default shall exist, or would result from such proposed Credit Extension or from the application of the proceeds thereof.
(c)    Request for Credit Extension. The Administrative Agent and, if applicable, the applicable L/C Issuer or the Swingline Lender shall have received a Request for Credit Extension in accordance with the requirements hereof.

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(d)    Designated Borrower. If the applicable Borrower is a Designated Borrower, then the conditions of Section 2.16 to the designation of such Borrower as a Designated Borrower shall have been met to the satisfaction of the Administrative Agent.
(e)    Alternative Currency. In the case of a Credit Extension to be denominated in an Alternative Currency, such currency remains an Eligible Currency.
(f)    Legal Impediment. There shall be no impediment, restriction, limitation or prohibition imposed under Law or by any Governmental Authority, as to the proposed financing under this Agreement or the repayment thereof or as to rights created under any Loan Document or as to application of the proceeds of the realization of any such rights.
Each Request for Credit Extension (other than a Loan Notice requesting only a conversion of Loans to the other Type or a continuation of Eurocurrency Rate Loans) submitted by the Borrower shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty that the conditions specified in Sections 4.02(a) and (b) have been satisfied on and as of the date of the applicable Credit Extension.
ARTICLE V    
 
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
Each Loan Party represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, as of the Closing Date and on each other date made or deemed made, that:
5.01    Existence, Qualification and Power.
Each Loan Party and each of its Subsidiaries (a) is (i) duly organized, incorporated or formed, validly existing and (ii) to the extent such concept exists and is applicable under the requirements of Applicable Law of the relevant jurisdiction (and for the avoidance of doubt such concept is not applicable to the Loan Parties and their Subsidiaries incorporated in England & Wales), in good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, (b) has all requisite power and authority to (i) own or lease its assets and carry on its business and (ii) execute, deliver and perform its obligations under the Loan Documents to which it is a party, and (c) is duly qualified and, to the extent such concept exists and is applicable under the requirements of Applicable Law of the relevant jurisdiction (and for the avoidance of doubt such concept is not applicable to the Loan Parties and their Subsidiaries incorporated in England & Wales), in good standing under the Laws of each jurisdiction where its ownership, lease or operation of properties or the conduct of its business requires such qualification; except in each case referred to in clauses (a)(ii), (b)(i) or (c), to the extent that failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
5.02    Authorization; No Contravention.
The execution, delivery and performance by each Loan Party of each Loan Document to which such Person is a party have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or other organizational action, and do not and will not (a) violate the terms of any of such Person’s Organization Documents; (b) conflict with or result in any breach or contravention of, or the creation of any Lien under, or require any payment to be made under (i) any Contractual Obligation to which such Person is a party or affecting such Person or the properties of such Person or any of its Subsidiaries which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or (ii) any order, injunction, writ or decree of any Governmental Authority or any arbitral

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award to which such Person or its property is subject in a manner material and adverse to the Lenders; or (c) violate any Law in a manner material and adverse to the Lenders.
5.03    Governmental Authorization; Other Consents.
No approval, consent, exemption, authorization, or other action by, or notice to, or filing with, any Governmental Authority or any other Person is necessary or required in connection with (a) the execution, delivery or performance by, or enforcement against, any Loan Party of this Agreement or any other Loan Document or (b) the exercise by the Administrative Agent or any Lender of its rights under the Loan Documents, other than authorizations, approvals, actions, notices and filings which have been duly obtained or the failure to obtain or make which would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
5.04    Binding Effect.
This Agreement has been, and each other Loan Document, when delivered hereunder, will have been, duly executed and delivered by each Loan Party that is party thereto. This Agreement constitutes, and each other Loan Document when so delivered will constitute, a legal, valid and binding obligation of such Loan Party, enforceable against each Loan Party that is party thereto in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and subject to general principals of equity.
5.05    Financial Statements; No Material Adverse Effect.
(a)    Audited Financial Statements. The Audited Financial Statements (i) were prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period covered thereby, except as otherwise expressly noted therein; (ii) fairly present in all material respects the financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the date thereof and their results of operations for the period covered thereby in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period covered thereby, except as otherwise expressly noted therein; and (iii) show all material indebtedness and other liabilities, direct or contingent, of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the date thereof, including liabilities for taxes, material commitments and Indebtedness to the extent required to be shown pursuant to GAAP.
(b)    Quarterly Financial Statements. The unaudited consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries dated March 31, 2019, and the related consolidated statements of income or operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the fiscal quarter ended on that date (i) were prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period covered thereby, except as otherwise expressly noted therein, and (ii) fairly present in all material respects the financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the date thereof and their results of operations for the period covered thereby, subject, in the case of clauses (i) and (ii), to the absence of footnotes and to normal year-end audit adjustments.
(c)    Target Financial Statements. (i) The audited consolidated balance sheets and related statements of income and cash flows of Target and its Subsidiaries for the fiscal years ended November 30, 2018 and November 30, 2017 and, to the knowledge of the Company, the unaudited balance sheets and related statements of income and cash flows of the Target and its Subsidiaries for the months ended May 31, 2019 and (ii) the audited consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations for AAA UK Acquisition Co. Limited, each as of the end of such year or month and for the portion of the fiscal year then ended, in each case of clauses (i) and (ii), (x) were prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period covered thereby, except as otherwise expressly noted therein, and (y) fairly present in all material respects the financial condition of the Target and its Subsidiaries or AAA UK Acquisition Co. Limited, as

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applicable, as of the date thereof and their results of operations for the period covered thereby, subject, in the case of unaudited balance sheets and statements of income, cash flows and operations, to the absence of footnotes and to normal year-end audit adjustments.
(d)    Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of the Audited Financial Statements, except with respect to any event or condition disclosed by the Company in public filings with the SEC prior to the Closing Date, there has been no event or circumstance, either individually or in the aggregate, that has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
5.06    Litigation.
Except as disclosed in the Audited Financial Statements, there are no actions, suits, proceedings, claims or disputes pending or, to the knowledge of the Loan Parties, threatened in writing, at law, in equity, in arbitration or before any Governmental Authority, by or against any Loan Party or any Subsidiary or against any of their properties or revenues that (a) could reasonably be expected to affect the legality, enforcement or validity of this Agreement or any other Loan Document or any of the transactions contemplated hereby, or (b) either individually or in the aggregate would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
5.07    No Default.
Neither any Loan Party nor any Subsidiary thereof is in default under or with respect to, or a party to, any Contractual Obligation that could, either individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No Default has occurred and is continuing or would result from the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other Loan Document.
5.08    Ownership of Property.
Each Loan Party and each of its Subsidiaries has good record and marketable title in fee simple to, or valid leasehold interests in, all real property necessary or used in the ordinary conduct of its business, except for such defects in title as could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
5.09    Environmental Compliance.
The Loan Parties and their respective Subsidiaries conduct in the ordinary course of business a review of the effect of existing Environmental Laws and claims alleging potential liability or responsibility for violation of any Environmental Law on their respective businesses, operations and properties, and as a result thereof the Loan Parties have reasonably concluded that such Environmental Laws and claims could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
5.10    Taxes.
Each Loan Party and its Subsidiaries have filed all federal, state and other material tax returns and reports required to be filed, and have paid all federal, state and other material taxes, assessments, fees and other governmental charges levied or imposed upon them or their properties, income or assets otherwise due and payable, except those (a) which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted and for which adequate reserves have been provided in accordance with GAAP and (b) those for which failure to file or non-payment would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

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5.11    ERISA Compliance, etc..
(a)    Each Plan is in compliance with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and other federal or state laws, except for compliance failures that have not resulted, and are not reasonably expected to result, in a Material Adverse Effect. Each Pension Plan that is intended to be a qualified plan under Section 401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination letter or is subject to a favorable opinion letter from the IRS to the effect that the form of such Plan is qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code and the trust related thereto has been determined by the IRS to be exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(a) of the Code, or an application for such a letter is currently being processed by the IRS. To the best knowledge of the Loan Parties, nothing has occurred that would prevent or cause the loss of such tax-qualified status, which has resulted or would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)    There are no pending or, to the best knowledge of the Loan Parties, threatened claims, actions or lawsuits, or action by any Governmental Authority, with respect to any Plan that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. There has been no prohibited transaction or violation of the fiduciary responsibility rules with respect to any Plan that has resulted or would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(c)    (i) No ERISA Event has occurred, and no Loan Party is aware of any fact, event or circumstance that could reasonably be expected to constitute or result in an ERISA Event with respect to any Pension Plan, that in either case has resulted or would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; (ii) the Borrower and each ERISA Affiliate has met all applicable requirements under the Pension Funding Rules in respect of each Pension Plan, and no waiver of the minimum funding standards under the Pension Funding Rules has been applied for or obtained; (iii) as of the most recent valuation date for any Pension Plan, the funding target attainment percentage (as defined in Section 430(d)(2) of the Code) is sixty percent (60%) or higher; (iv) no Loan Party nor any ERISA Affiliate has incurred any liability to the PBGC other than for the payment of premiums, and there are no premium payments which have become due that are unpaid; (v) neither the Borrower nor any ERISA Affiliate has engaged in a transaction that could be subject to Section 4069 or Section 4212(c) of ERISA; and (vi) no Pension Plan has been terminated that has resulted or would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(a)    Each Canadian Pension Plan (i) is in compliance with the applicable provisions of all Laws, except for compliance failures that have not resulted, and are not reasonably expected to result, in a Material Adverse Effect and (ii) each Canadian Pension Plan has received a confirmation of registration from the Canada Revenue Agency and, to the best knowledge of the Loan Parties, nothing has occurred which would prevent or cause the loss of such registration. Each Loan Party and each Subsidiary has made all required contributions to each Canadian Pension Plan, except for contributions that have not resulted, and would not reasonably be expected to result, in a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)    There are no pending or, to the best knowledge of the Loan Parties, threatened claims (other than routine claims for benefits in the ordinary course of business), actions or lawsuits, or action by any Governmental Authority, with respect to any Canadian Pension Plan that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. There has been no violation of fiduciary duty with respect to any Canadian Pension Plan that would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(c)    No Loan Party or Subsidiary maintains, contributes to, or has any liability or contingent liability with respect to, a Canadian Defined Benefit Pension Plan.
5.12    Margin Regulations; Investment Company Act.

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(a)    Margin Regulations. Following the application of the proceeds of each Borrowing or drawing under each Letter of Credit, not more than twenty-five percent (25%) of the value of the assets (either of the Borrower only or of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis) subject to the provisions of Section 7.01 or Section 7.05 or subject to any restriction contained in any agreement or instrument between the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries and any Lender or any Affiliate of any Lender relating to Indebtedness and within the scope of Section 8.01(e) will be margin stock.
(b)    Investment Company Act. No Loan Party is or is required to be registered as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
5.13    Disclosure.
No written report, financial statement, certificate or other written information (excluding any forecasts, projections, budgets, estimates and general market or industry data) furnished by or on behalf of any Loan Party to the Administrative Agent or any Lender in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and the negotiation of this Agreement or delivered hereunder or under any other Loan Document (in each case as modified or supplemented by other information so furnished or publicly disclosed by the Borrower) when provided and when taken as a whole with all other information or data provided, furnished or disclosed by the Borrower contains any material misstatement of fact or omits to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that, (i) with respect to projected financial information, each Loan Party represents only that such information was prepared in good faith based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable at the time (it being understood and agreed that forecasts, estimates and projections as to future events are not to be viewed as facts or guaranties of future performance, that actual results during the period or periods covered by such projections may differ from the projected results and that such differences may be material and that the Borrower makes no representation that such representations will in fact be realized) and (ii) as to statements, information and reports specified as having been derived by the Borrower from third parties (including Target and its Affiliates prior to the Closing Date), other than Affiliates of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, the Borrower represents only that it has no knowledge of any material misstatement therein.
5.14    Sanctions Concerns and Anti-Corruption Laws.
(a)    Sanctions Concerns. Neither the Loan Parties, nor any of their Subsidiaries, nor any director, officer or employee thereof, is an individual or entity that is, or is owned or controlled by any individual or entity that is (i) currently the subject or target of any Sanctions, (ii) included on OFAC’s List of Specially Designated Nationals, HMT’s Consolidated List of Financial Sanctions Targets and the Investment Ban List, the Canadian Sanctions List or any similar list enforced by any other relevant sanctions authority as applicable to theany Borrower or (iii) located, organized or resident in a Designated Jurisdiction. The Company and its Subsidiaries have conducted their businesses in compliance with all applicable Sanctions and have instituted and maintained policies and procedures designed to promote and achieve compliance with such Sanctions.
(b)    Anti-Corruption Laws. The Loan Parties and their Subsidiaries have conducted their business in compliance with the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, the UK Bribery Act 2010 and other similar anti-corruption legislation in other jurisdictions as applicable to the Borrower, and have instituted and maintained policies and procedures designed to promote and achieve compliance with such laws.
5.15    Responsible Officers.

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Set forth on Schedule 1.01(c) are Responsible Officers, holding the offices indicated next to their respective names, as of the Closing Date and updated from time to time in writing by the Borrower and such Responsible Officers are the duly elected and qualified officers of such Loan Party and are duly authorized to execute and deliver, on behalf of the respective Loan Party, this Agreement, and the other Loan Documents.
ARTICLE VI    
 
AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS
Each of the Loan Parties hereby covenants and agrees that on the Closing Date and thereafter until the Facility Termination Date, such Loan Party shall, and shall cause (other than with respect to Section 6.01 and 6.02) each of its Subsidiaries to:
6.01    Financial Statements.
Deliver to the Administrative Agent and each Lender, in form and detail satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders:
(a)    Audited Financial Statements. As soon as available, but in any event within ninety (90) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company (or, if earlier, fifteen (15) days after the date required to be filed with the SEC (without giving effect to any extension permitted by the SEC), a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries as at the end of such fiscal year, and the related consolidated statements of income or operations, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for such fiscal year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous fiscal year, all in reasonable detail and prepared in accordance with GAAP,  such consolidated statements to be audited and accompanied by a report and opinion of an independent certified public accountant of nationally recognized standing reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent, which report and opinion shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and shall not be subject to any “going concern” or like qualification or exception or any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit.
(b)    Quarterly Financial Statements. As soon as available, but in any event within forty-five (45) days after the end of each of the first three (3) fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Company (or, if earlier, five (5) days after the date required to be filed with the SEC (without giving effect to any extension permitted by the SEC)), a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries as at the end of such fiscal quarter, and the related consolidated statements of income or operations, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for such fiscal quarter and for the portion of the Company’s fiscal year then ended, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the corresponding fiscal quarter of the previous fiscal year and the corresponding portion of the previous fiscal year, all in reasonable detail and prepared in accordance with GAAP and including management discussion and analysis of operating results inclusive of operating metrics in comparative form, certified by the chief executive officer, chief financial officer, treasurer or controller who is a Responsible Officer of the Company as fairly presenting the financial condition, results of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows of the Company and its Subsidiaries, subject only to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes.
(c)    Documents required to be delivered pursuant to Section 6.01(a) or (b) (to the extent any such documents are included in materials otherwise filed with the SEC) may be delivered electronically and if so delivered, shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date (i) on which the Company posts such documents, or provides a link thereto on the Company’s website on the Internet at the website address listed on Schedule 1.01(a); or (ii) on which such documents are posted on the Company’s behalf on an Internet or intranet website, if any, to which each Lender and the Administrative Agent have access (whether a

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commercial, third-party website or whether sponsored by the Administrative Agent); provided that the Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent (by fax transmission or e-mail transmission) of the posting of any such documents. The Administrative Agent shall have no obligation to request the delivery of or to maintain paper copies of the documents referred to above, and in any event shall have no responsibility to monitor compliance by the Borrower with any such request by a Lender for delivery, and each Lender shall be solely responsible for requesting delivery to it or maintaining its copies of such documents.
(d)    The Borrower hereby acknowledges that (i) the Administrative Agent and/or an Affiliate thereof may, but shall not be obligated to, make available to the Lenders and the L/C Issuer materials and/or information provided by or on behalf of the Borrower hereunder (collectively, “Borrower Materials”) by posting the Borrower Materials on IntraLinks, Syndtrak, ClearPar or a substantially similar electronic transmission system (the “Platform”) and (ii) certain of the Lenders (each, a “Public Lender”) may have personnel who do not wish to receive material non-public information with respect to the Borrower or its Affiliates, or the respective securities of any of the foregoing, and who may be engaged in investment and other market-related activities with respect to such Persons’ securities. The Borrower hereby agrees that it will use commercially reasonable efforts to identify that portion of the Borrower Materials that may be distributed to the Public Lenders and that (A) all such Borrower Materials shall be clearly and conspicuously marked “PUBLIC” which, at a minimum, shall mean that the word “PUBLIC” shall appear prominently on the first page thereof; (B) by marking Borrower Materials “PUBLIC,” the Borrower shall be deemed to have authorized the Administrative Agent, any Affiliate thereof, the Arranger, the L/C Issuer and the Lenders to treat such Borrower Materials as not containing any material non-public information (although it may be sensitive and proprietary) with respect to the Borrower or its securities for purposes of United States federal and state securities laws (provided, however, that to the extent such Borrower Materials constitute Information, they shall be treated as set forth in Section 11.07); (C) all Borrower Materials marked “PUBLIC” are permitted to be made available through a portion of the Platform designated “Public Side Information;” and (D) the Administrative Agent and any Affiliate thereof and the Arranger shall be entitled to treat any Borrower Materials that are not marked “PUBLIC” as being suitable only for posting on a portion of the Platform not designated “Public Side Information.”
6.02    Certificates; Other Information.
Deliver to the Administrative Agent and each Lender, in form and detail satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders:
(a)    SEC Notices. Reasonably promptly after receipt thereof by any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof, copies of each written notice or other correspondence received from the SEC concerning any investigation or possible investigation or other inquiry by such agency regarding financial or other operational results of any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof that would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)    Additional Information. Reasonably promptly, such additional information regarding the business, financial, legal or corporate affairs of any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof as Administrative Agent or any Lender reasonably determines is relevant to the Loan Documents and the Facility created hereby, or compliance with the terms of the Loan Documents, as the Administrative Agent or any Lender may reasonably request from time to time.
(c)    Compliance Certificate. Concurrently with the delivery of the financial statements referred to in Sections 6.01(a) and (b) (commencing with the delivery of the financial statements for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2019) a duly completed Compliance Certificate signed by the chief executive officer,

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chief financial officer, treasurer or controller which is a Responsible Officer of the Borrower. Unless the Administrative Agent or a Lender requests executed originals, delivery of the Compliance Certificate may be by electronic communication including fax or email and shall be deemed to be an original and authentic counterpart thereof for all purposes.
(d)    PATRIOT Act and Beneficial Ownership. Promptly following any request therefor, information and documentation reasonably requested by any Lender for purposes of compliance with applicable “know your customer” requirements under the PATRIOT Act, the Beneficial Ownership Regulation, the Canadian AML Acts or other applicable anti-money laundering laws.
6.03    Notices.
Promptly notify the Administrative Agent and each Lender:
(a)    of the occurrence of any Default; and
(b)    of the occurrence of any ERISA Event or any failure by any Loan Party or any Subsidiary to perform its obligations under a Canadian Pension Plan, in each case, that has resulted in or would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
Each notice pursuant to this Section 6.03 shall be accompanied by a statement of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower setting forth details of the occurrence referred to therein and to the extent applicable, stating what action the Borrower has taken and proposes to take with respect thereto.
6.04    Payment of Obligations.
Pay and discharge as the same shall become due and payable, all its obligations and liabilities, including (a) all tax liabilities, assessments and governmental charges or levies upon it or its properties or assets, unless (i) the same are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted and adequate reserves in accordance with GAAP are being maintained by the Borrower or such Subsidiary or (ii) the failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; (b) all lawful claims which, if unpaid, would by law become a Lien upon its property, except to the extent that any such Lien would be permitted to be incurred pursuant to Section 7.01; and (c) all Indebtedness, as and when due and payable, but subject to any subordination provisions contained in any instrument or agreement evidencing such Indebtedness, except to the extent that failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
6.05    Preservation of Existence, Etc.
(a)    Preserve, renew and maintain in full force and effect its legal existence and, to the extent such concept exists and is applicable under the requirements of Applicable Law of the relevant jurisdiction (and for the avoidance of doubt such concept is not applicable to the Loan Parties and their Subsidiaries incorporated in England & Wales) good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its organization except in a transaction permitted by Section 7.04 or 7.05 or (other than with respect to the Borrower) except to the extent that failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;
(b)    take all reasonable action to maintain all rights, privileges, permits, licenses and franchises necessary or desirable in the normal conduct of its business, except to the extent that failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and

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(c)    preserve or renew all of its registered patents, trademarks, trade names and service marks, the non-preservation of which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
6.06    Maintenance of Properties.
(a)    Maintain, preserve and protect all of its material properties and equipment necessary in the operation of its business in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted, except where the failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and
(b)    make all necessary repairs thereto and renewals and replacements thereof except where the failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
6.07    Maintenance of Insurance.
Maintain with financially sound and reputable insurance companies not Affiliates of the Borrower, insurance with respect to its properties and business against loss or damage of the kinds customarily insured against by Persons engaged in the same or similar business, of such types and in such amounts (after giving effect to any self-insurance compatible with the following standards) as are customarily carried under similar circumstances by such other Persons, including, without limitation, terrorism insurance, except to the extent that failure to do so would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
6.08    Compliance with Laws.
Comply with the requirements of all Laws and all orders, writs, injunctions and decrees applicable to it or to its business or property, except in such instances in which (a) such requirement of Law or order, writ, injunction or decree is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted; or (b) the failure to comply therewith would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
6.09    Books and Records.
Maintain full and accurate books of record and account in conformity with GAAP consistently applied.
6.10    Inspection Rights.
Except to the extent prohibited by applicable Law, regulatory policy or regulatory restriction (in the reasonable good faith judgment of the Borrower), no more than once a year and at their own expense (unless an Event of Default then exists in which case there shall be no limit so long as the Event of Default exists), permit representatives and independent contractors of the Administrative Agent and each Lender to visit and inspect any of its properties, to examine its corporate and financial records, and make copies thereof or abstracts therefrom, and to discuss its affairs, finances and accounts with its Responsible Officers, at such reasonable times during normal business hours, upon reasonable advance notice to the Borrower; provided, however, that such visits, inspections, examinations and/or discussions shall be reasonably related to the Administrative Agent’s or any Lender’s rights and obligations hereunder and shall not require Borrower to provide any records or information subject to attorney-client or other similar legal privilege under Applicable Law (provided that, with respect to any such withheld information, the Borrower shall (a) make the Administrative Agent aware that information is being withheld and (b) use commercially reasonable efforts to communicate the relevant information in a way that does not violate such attorney-client or other similar legal privilege); provided further, that when an Event of Default exists the Administrative Agent or any

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Lender (or any of their respective representatives or independent contractors) may do any of the foregoing at the expense of the Borrower at any time during normal business hours and without advance notice.
6.11    Use of Proceeds.
Use the proceeds of the Credit Extensions (a) made on the Closing Date (i) to refinance existing Indebtedness of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries, (ii) to finance a portion of the Closing Date Acquisition and (iii) to pay for fees and expenses incurred in connection with the foregoing and (b) thereafter (exclusive of the Term Loans, which are governed by clause (a)), for working capital, capital expenditures and any other lawful corporate purposes not in contravention of any Law or of any Loan Document.
6.12    Compliance with Environmental Laws.
Except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, comply in all respects, with all applicable Environmental Laws.
6.13    Covenant to Guarantee Obligations.
In connection with the delivery of the Compliance Certificate referred to in Section 6.02(c), if, since the date of the delivery of the last Compliance Certificate, any Investment, Disposition of assets by the Borrower or any Subsidiary, or Acquisition resulted in a Person becoming a Material Subsidiary, cause each Person that becomes a Material Subsidiary to become a Guarantor hereunder by way of execution of a Joinder Agreement. In connection with the foregoing, the Loan Parties shall deliver to the Administrative Agent, with respect to each new Guarantor to the extent applicable, substantially the same documentation required pursuant to Sections 4.01(b) and (c).
6.14    Anti-Corruption Laws.
Conduct its business in compliance with the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, the UK Bribery Act 2010 and other similar anti-corruption legislation in other jurisdictions as applicable to the Borrower and maintain policies and procedures designed to promote and achieve compliance with such laws.
6.15    Approvals and Authorizations.
Except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, maintain all authorizations, consents, approvals and licenses from, exemptions of, and filings and registrations with, each Governmental Authority of the jurisdiction in which each Foreign Obligor is organized and existing, and all approvals and consents of each other Person in such jurisdiction, in each case that are required in connection with the Loan Documents.
ARTICLE VII    
 
NEGATIVE COVENANTS
Each of the Loan Parties hereby covenants and agrees that on the Closing Date and thereafter until the Facility Termination Date, no Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any Subsidiary to, directly or indirectly:
7.01    Liens.

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Create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon any of its property, assets or revenues, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except for the following (the “Permitted Liens”):
(a)    Liens existing on the Closing Date and listed on Schedule 7.01 and any renewals or extensions thereof;
(b)    Liens for taxes not yet due or which are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the applicable Person in accordance with GAAP or for which the failure to pay would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;
(c)    Statutorystatutory Liens such as carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s or other like Liens arising in the ordinary course of business which are not overdue for a period of more than sixty (60) days or which are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the applicable Person;
(d)    pledges or deposits in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance and other social security legislation, other than any Lien imposed by ERISA or to secure letters of credit issued with respect thereto;
(e)    deposits to secure the performance of bids, trade contracts and leases (other than for borrowed money), statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, performance bonds and other obligations of a like nature incurred in the ordinary course of business;
(f)    easements, rights-of-way, restrictions and other similar encumbrances affecting real property which, in the aggregate, are not substantial in amount, and which do not in any case materially detract from the value of the property subject thereto or materially interfere with the ordinary conduct of the business of the applicable Person;
(g)    Liens securing judgments for the payment of money (or appeal or other surety bonds relating to such judgments) not constituting an Event of Default under Section 8.01(h);
(h)    Liens on any asset acquired, repaired, constructed or improved by the Borrower or any Subsidiary securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 7.02 incurred or assumed for the purpose of such acquisition, repair, construction or improvement; provided that (i) such Liens do not at any time encumber any property other than the property financed by such Indebtedness and (ii) any such Lien shall be created substantially simultaneously with or within 12 months after the acquisition thereof or the completion of the repair, construction or improvement thereof;
(i)    Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business on deposit, custody and securities accounts;
(j)    Any interest or title of a lessor, licensor or sublessor under any lease, license or sublease entered into by any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof in the ordinary course of business and covering only the assets so leased, licensed or subleased and other Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business that do not secure Indebtedness;
(k)    Liens of a collection bank arising under Section 4-210 of the uniform commercial code (or its equivalent) in the applicable jurisdiction on items in the course of collection;

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(l)    Liens on property or property of a Person existing at the time such property is acquired or such Person is merged into or consolidated with the Borrower or any Subsidiary of the Borrower or becomes a Subsidiary of the Borrower; provided that such Liens were not created in contemplation of such acquisition, merger, consolidation or Investment and do not extend to any assets other than such acquired property or those of the Person merged into or consolidated with the Borrower or such Subsidiary or acquired by the Borrower or such Subsidiary, and the applicable Indebtedness secured by such Lien is permitted under Section 7.02;
(m)    Liens (not securing borrowed money) in favor of a Governmental Authority arising from or contemplated by any zoning, building, insurance, licensing requirements or similar laws, rules, regulations or rights reserved to or vested in any Governmental Authority or in the administration, interpretation, implementation or application thereof by any Governmental Authority;
(n)    Liens securing obligations under Swap Contracts;
(o)    Liens securing obligations of any Loan Party or any Subsidiary owed to another Loan Party or any Subsidiary;
(p)    Liens arising out of deposits of cash or securities into collateral trusts or reinsurance trusts with ceding companies or insurance regulators or on cash or securities repurchase, reverse repurchase and securities lending transactions or arising under escrows, trusts, custodianships, separate accounts, funds withheld procedures, and similar deposits, arrangements or agreements established with respect to insurance policies, annuities, guaranteed investment contracts and similar products underwritten by, or reinsurance agreements or as otherwise entered in the ordinary course of business;
(q)    Liens securing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred pursuant to Section 7.02(i); and
(r)    Liens securing the refinancing, extension or renewal of any Indebtedness or other obligations secured by a Lien permitted hereunder so long as such Liens do not attach to any additional property in connection with such refinancing, extension or renewal;
provided that, none of the restrictions under this Section 7.01 shall apply to the Morningstar Seed Portfolios or any Margin Stock held by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries.
7.02    Indebtedness.
Create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Indebtedness, except:
(a)    Indebtedness under the Loan Documents;
(b)    Indebtedness outstanding on the date hereof and listed on Schedule 7.02 and any refinancings, refundings, renewals, replacements or extensions thereof;
(c)    Indebtedness in respect of Capitalized Leases and purchase money obligations for fixed or capital assets; provided, however, that the aggregate amount of all such Indebtedness at any one time outstanding shall not exceed $75,000,000;
(d)    loans or advances made by any Loan Party to any Subsidiary or any other Loan Party and made by any Subsidiary to any Loan Party or any other Subsidiary;

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(e)    Guarantees of the Borrower or any Subsidiary in respect of Indebtedness otherwise permitted hereunder of the Borrower or any wholly-owned Subsidiary;
(f)    Indebtedness of any Person that is merged into or consolidated with the Borrower or any Subsidiary of the Borrower or becomes a Subsidiary of the Borrower or in respect of assets acquired after the date hereof in a transaction permitted hereunder; provided that such Indebtedness is existing at the time such Person is merged into or consolidated with the Borrower or any Subsidiary of the Borrower or becomes a Subsidiary of the Borrower or such assets are acquired and was not incurred solely in contemplation thereof) and any refinancings, refundings, renewals or extensions thereof;
(g)    obligations (contingent or otherwise) existing or arising under any Swap Contract, provided that such obligations are (or were) entered into by such Person in the ordinary course of business for the purpose of directly mitigating risks associated with the business of such Person or its affiliate;
(h)    [reserved];
(i)    other secured Indebtedness not contemplated by the above provisions in an aggregate principal amount outstanding at such time not to exceed 15% of Consolidated Total Assets as of the date of incurrence so long as no Default or Event of Default exists or would otherwise result therefrom as of the date of incurrence; and
(j)    other unsecured Indebtedness not contemplated by the above provisions, so long as after giving Pro Forma Effect to such Indebtedness at the time of incurrence (x) the Consolidated Leverage Ratio is not greater than the applicable ratio under Section 7.13(a) and (y) no Default or Event of Default exists or would otherwise result therefrom.
7.03    Investments.
Make or hold any Investments, except:
(a)    Investments held by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in the form of cash or Cash Equivalents;
(b)    advances to officers, directors and employees of the Borrower and Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business for travel, entertainment, relocation and analogous ordinary business purposes;
(c)    (i) Investments by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in their respective Subsidiaries outstanding on the date hereof, (ii) additional Investments by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in Loan Parties, (iii) additional Investments by Subsidiaries of the Borrower that are not Loan Parties in other Subsidiaries, and (iv) investments by the Borrower and the Subsidiaries in equity interests of their respective Subsidiaries;
(d)    Investments consisting of extensions of credit in the nature of accounts receivable or notes receivable arising from the grant of trade credit in the ordinary course of business, and Investments received in satisfaction or partial satisfaction thereof from financially troubled account debtors to the extent reasonably necessary in order to prevent or limit loss;
(e)    Guarantees permitted by Section 7.02;

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(f)    Investments existing on the date hereof (other than those referred to in Section 7.03(c)(i)) and set forth on Schedule 7.03;
(g)    Permitted Acquisitions;
(h)    other Investments not contemplated by the above provisions not exceeding $50,000,000 in the aggregate in any fiscal year of the Borrower;
(i)    other Investments, so long as after giving Pro Forma Effect to such Investment at the time of such investment (x) the Consolidated Leverage Ratio is not greater than the applicable ratio under Section 7.13(a) and (y) no Default or Event of Default exists or would otherwise result therefrom; and
(j)    the Closing Date Acquisition.
7.04    Fundamental Changes.
Merge, dissolve, liquidate, consolidate with or into another Person or consummate a Division as the Dividing Person, or Dispose of (whether in one transaction or in a series of transactions) all or substantially all of its assets (whether now owned or hereafter acquired) to or in favor of any Person, except that, so long as no Default exists or would result therefrom:
(a)    any Loan Party may Dispose of all or substantially all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to the Borrower or to another Loan Party;
(b)    any Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party may dispose of all or substantially all its assets (including any Disposition that is in the nature of a liquidation) to (i) another Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party or (ii) to a Loan Party;
(c)    in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or the Closing Date Acquisition, any Subsidiary of the Company may merge into or consolidate with any other Person or permit any other Person to merge into or consolidate with it; provided that in each case, immediately after giving effect thereto (i) in the case of any such merger or consolidation to which the Company is not party to, the Person surviving such merger shall be a wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) in the case of any such merger or consolidation to which the Company is a party, the Company is the surviving Person, (iii) in the case of any such merger or consolidation to which any Guarantor (other than the Company) is a party, a Guarantor shall be the surviving Person and (iv) in the case of any such merger or consolidation to which any Designated Borrower is a party, such Designated Borrower shall be the surviving Person;
(d)    so long as no Default has occurred and is continuing or would result therefrom, each of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries may merge into or consolidate with any other Person or permit any other Person to merge into or consolidate with it; provided, however, that in each case, immediately after giving effect thereto (i) in the case of any such merger or consolidation to which the Company is a party, the Company is the surviving Person, (ii) in the case of any such merger or consolidation to which any Guarantor (other than the Company) is a party, a Guarantor shall be the surviving Person and (iii) in the case of any such merger or consolidation to which any Designated Borrower is a party, such Designated Borrower shall be the surviving Person;
(e)    any Subsidiary may dissolve or liquidate if such dissolution or liquidation results from Dispositions not prohibited by this Agreement; and

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(f)    any Material Subsidiary that is a limited liability company may consummate a Division as the Dividing Person if, immediately upon the consummation of the Division, the assets of the applicable Dividing Person are held by one or more Material Subsidiaries at such time, or, with respect to assets not so held by one or more Material Subsidiaries, such Division, in the aggregate, would otherwise result in a Disposition permitted by Section 7.05(e); provided that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, any Subsidiary which is a Division Successor resulting from a Division of assets of a Material Subsidiary may not be deemed to be a Subsidiary that is not a Material Subsidiary at the time of or in connection with the applicable Division.
7.05    Dispositions.
Make any Disposition, except:
(a)    Permitted Transfers;
(b)    Dispositions of obsolete or worn out property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, in the ordinary course of business;
(c)    Dispositions of equipment or real property to the extent that (i) such property is exchanged for credit against the purchase price of similar replacement property or (ii) the proceeds of such Disposition are reasonably promptly applied to the purchase price of such replacement property;
(d)    Dispositions permitted by Section 7.04;
(e)    other Dispositions so long as (i) the consideration paid in connection therewith shall be cash or Cash Equivalents paid contemporaneously with consummation of the transaction and shall be in an amount not less than the fair market value of the property disposed of, (ii) such transaction does not involve the sale or other disposition of a minority Equity Interests in any Loan Party, and (iii) the aggregate net book value of all of the assets sold or otherwise disposed of by the Loan Parties and their Subsidiaries in all such transactions during any fiscal year of the Borrower shall not exceed 20% of Consolidated Total Assets; provided, however, that if, as of the date of any proposed Disposition pursuant to this Section 7.05(e), all Dispositions made pursuant to this Section 7.05(e) (after giving effect to such proposed Disposition) in such fiscal year of the Borrower exceed 10% of Consolidated Total Assets as of such date, the Borrower shall be in Pro Forma Compliance with each of the financial covenants set forth in Section 7.13 after giving effect to such proposed Disposition treating all such Dispositions pursuant to this Section 7.05(e) in such fiscal year as one Material Disposition; and
(f)    Dispositions of Investments constituting minority Equity Interests of Persons that are not Subsidiaries, so long as after giving Pro Forma Effect to such Disposition at the time of such Disposition (x) the Consolidated Leverage Ratio is not greater than the applicable ratio under Section 7.13(a) and (y) no Default or Event of Default exists or would otherwise result therefrom.
provided that, none of the restrictions under this Section 7.05 shall apply to the Morningstar Seed Portfolios or any Margin Stock held by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries.
7.06    Restricted Payments.
Declare or make, directly or indirectly, any Restricted Payment, or incur any obligation (contingent or otherwise) to do so, except that, so long as no Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of any action described below or would result therefrom:

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(a)    each Subsidiary may make Restricted Payments (i) to any Loan Party or Subsidiary and (ii) to any other Person that owns Equity Interests in such Subsidiary on a ratable basis according to its respective holdings of the type of Equity Interest in respect of which such Restricted Payment is being made;
(b)    the Borrower and each Subsidiary may declare and make dividend payments or other distributions payable solely in common Equity Interests of such Person; and
(c)    the Borrower and its Subsidiaries may make other Restricted Payments, so long as after giving Pro Forma Effect to such Restricted Payment (x) the Consolidated Leverage Ratio is not greater than the applicable ratio under Section 7.13(a) and (y) no Default or Event of Default exists or would otherwise result therefrom.
7.07    Change in Nature of Business.
Engage in any material line of business in a substantially different industry from those lines of business conducted by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on the date hereof or any business related, complementary or incidental thereto.
7.08    Transactions with Affiliates.
Enter into or permit to exist any transaction or series of transactions with any officer, director or Affiliate of such Person other than (a) transactions described on Schedule 7.08(a) as may be updated from time to time with the written consent of the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders, (b) advances, transfers and other transactions between and among the Borrower and any of its Subsidiaries not otherwise prohibited by this Agreement, (c) (i) any employment, equity award, equity option or equity appreciation agreement or plan entered into by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business of the Borrower or such Subsidiary and (ii) customary compensation, indemnification and other benefits made available to officers, directors or employees of the Borrower and any of its Subsidiaries, including reimbursement or advancement of out-of-pocket expenses and provisions of officers’ and directors’ liability insurance, (d) Restricted Payments not prohibited by Section 7.06 and (e)  other transactions on terms and conditions substantially as favorable to such Person as would be obtainable by it at the time in a comparable arms‑length transaction with a Person other than an officer, director or Affiliate.
7.09    Burdensome Agreements.
(a)    Enter into, or permit to exist, any Contractual Obligation (except for this Agreement and the other Loan Documents) that encumbers or restricts the ability of any such Person to (i) act as a Loan Party; (ii) make Restricted Payments to any Loan Party, (iii) pay any Indebtedness or other obligation owed to any Loan Party or (iv) make loans or advances to any Loan Party, or (v)  create any Lien upon any of their properties or assets, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except, in the case of clause (a)(v) only, for any document or instrument governing Indebtedness secured by Permitted Liens, provided that any such restriction contained therein relates only to the asset or assets subject to such Permitted Liens.
(b)    Clause (a) of this Section 7.09 shall not prohibit (i) any such encumbrance or restriction existing under or by reason of Applicable Law, (ii) Permitted Liens, (iii) any Contractual Obligation (A) governing property existing at the time of the acquisition thereof, so long as the limitation relates only to the property so acquired or (B) of any Subsidiary existing at the time such Subsidiary was merged or consolidated with or into, or acquired by, the Borrower or a Subsidiary of the Borrower, or otherwise became a Subsidiary of the Borrower in each case not created in contemplation of such acquisition, merger or consolidation, and any amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements,

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refundings, replacements or refinancings of such Contractual Obligations; provided that the amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacement or refinancings are no more restrictive, taken as a whole, with respect to such limitations than those contained in such Contractual Obligations, (iv) customary non-assignment provisions in Contractual Obligations entered into in the ordinary course of business, (v) any such Contractual Obligation restricting any mutual fund or investment fund managed or advised by a Subsidiary, (vi) restrictions on cash or other deposits or net worth imposed by customers under contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business, (vii) any Contractual Obligation related to any Indebtedness not prohibited by this Agreement, (viii) any Contractual Obligation with respect to the disposition or distribution of property or cash in joint ventures not otherwise prohibited by this Agreement and entered into in the ordinary course of business, (ix) any Contractual Obligation related to the sale, transfer or other disposition of a Subsidiary or property that is not prohibited by this Agreement; provided that such limitation applies only to that Subsidiary or property, as applicable, pending such sale, transfer or other disposition or (x) any Contractual Obligation related to preferred Equity Interests issued by a Subsidiary of the Borrower or the payment of dividends thereon in accordance with the terms thereof, provided that issuance of such preferred Equity Interests is not prohibited by Section 7.02 and the terms of such preferred Equity Interest do not expressly restrict the ability of such Subsidiary to make Restricted Payments (other than requirements to pay dividends or liquidation preferences on such preferred Equity Interests prior to paying any dividends or making any other distributions on other Equity Interests).
7.10    Use of Proceeds.
Use the proceeds of any Credit Extension in any manner that would cause the representation in Section 5.12 not to be true immediately after giving effect to such use of proceeds.
7.11    Sanctions.
Directly or indirectly, use any Credit Extension or the proceeds of any Credit Extension, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such Credit Extension or the proceeds of any Credit Extension to any Person, to fund any activities of or business with any Person, that, at the time of such funding, is the subject of Sanctions, or in any other manner that will result in a violation by any Person (including any Person participating in the transaction, whether as Lender, Arranger, Administrative Agent, L/C Issuer, Swingline Lender, or otherwise) of Sanctions.
7.12    Anti-Corruption Laws.
Directly or indirectly, use any Credit Extension or the proceeds of any Credit Extension for any purpose which would breach the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, the UK Bribery Act 2010 and other similar anti-corruption legislation in other jurisdictions as applicable to the Borrower.
7.13    Financial Covenants.
(a)    Consolidated Leverage Ratio. Permit the Consolidated Leverage Ratio as of the end of any Measurement Period ending as of the end of any fiscal quarter of the Company to be greater than 3.50 to 1.00; provided that, solely with respect to the four fiscal quarters following any Acquisition permitted by this Agreement with an aggregate purchase price in excess of $100,000,000 (a “Material Acquisition”), the Consolidated Leverage Ratio determined as of the end of such four fiscal quarters shall not be greater than 3.75 to 1.00; provided, further, that if the Consolidated Leverage Ratio has increased pursuant to the previous

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proviso, then there must exist at least one fiscal quarter without such an increase in effect prior to giving effect to any subsequent increase resulting from a Material Acquisition.
(b)    Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio. Permit the Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio as of the end of any Measurement Period ending as of the end of any fiscal quarter of the Borrower to be less than 3.00 to 1.00.
7.01    Canadian Defined Benefit Pension Plans.
Maintain, contribute to, or incur any liability or contingent liability in respect of a Canadian Defined Benefit Pension Plan, without the prior consent of the Administrative Agent, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld.
ARTICLE VIII    
 
EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES
8.01    Events of Default.
Any of the following shall constitute an event of default (each, an “Event of Default”):
(a)    Non-Payment. The Borrower or any other Loan Party fails to pay (i) when and as required to be paid herein and in the currency required hereunder, any amount of principal of any Loan or any L/C Obligation or deposit any funds as Cash Collateral in respect of L/C Obligations when and as required herein, or (ii) within five (5) Business Days after the same becomes due and payable, any interest on any Loan or on any L/C Obligation, or any fee due hereunder pursuant to Section 2.09, or (iii) within five (5) days after the same becomes due and payable, any other amount payable hereunder or under any other Loan Document; or
(b)    Specific Covenants.  Any Loan Party fails to perform or observe any term, covenant or agreement contained in any of Sections 6.03(a) or 6.05, or Article VII; or
(c)    Other Defaults. Any Loan Party fails to perform or observe any other covenant or agreement (not specified in Section 8.01(a) or (b) above) contained in this Agreement on its part to be performed or observed and such failure continues for thirty (30) days after written notice is given by the Administrative Agent to the Borrower; or
(d)    Representations and Warranties. Any representation, warranty or certification made or deemed made by or on behalf of the Borrower or any other Loan Party herein or in any other Loan Document shall be incorrect or misleading in any material respect when made or deemed made in any material respect (provided that any Default arising therefrom shall not be deemed to be continuing if the facts give rise to such representation, warranty or certification being incorrect or misleading are corrected such that the representation, warranty or certification if made again would be true); or
(e)    Cross-Default. (i) Any Loan Party (A) fails to make any payment when due (whether by scheduled maturity, required prepayment, acceleration, demand, or otherwise) in respect of any Indebtedness or Guarantee (other than Indebtedness hereunder and Indebtedness under Swap Contracts) having an aggregate principal amount of more than $100,000,000 and such failure continues after the passing of the applicable notice and grace periods, or (B) fails to observe or perform any other agreement or condition

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relating to any such Indebtedness or contained in any instrument or agreement evidencing, securing or relating thereto, or any other event occurs, in each case, beyond the applicable grace, cure, extension, forbearance or similar period, if the effect of which failure is to cause such Indebtedness to be declared to be due and payable or required to be repurchased or prepaid(other than regularly scheduled payment) prior to its stated maturity (provided that, with respect to clause (B) only, the foregoing shall not apply to any mandatory tender, mandatory prepayment or put in connection with the consummation of any transaction not prohibited by this Agreement); or (ii) there occurs under any Swap Contract an Early Termination Date (as defined in such Swap Contract) resulting from (A) any event of default under such Swap Contract as to which a Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof is the Defaulting Party (as defined in such Swap Contract) or (B) any Termination Event (as so defined) under such Swap Contract as to which a Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof is an Affected Party (as so defined) and, in either event, the Swap Termination Value owed by such Loan Party or such Subsidiary as a result thereof is greater than the $100,000,000 (2) after giving effect to any applicable grace, cure, extension, forbearance or similar period, the effect of such Early Termination Date is to cause such Swap Termination Value to become due and (3) such Swap Termination Value has not been paid when due; or
(f)    Insolvency Proceedings, Etc. Any Loan Party institutes or consents to the institution of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law, or makes an assignment for the benefit of creditors; makes a proposal to its creditors or files notice of its intention to do so, institutes any other proceeding under applicable Law seeking to adjudicate it a bankrupt or an insolvent, or seeking liquidation, dissolution, winding-up, reorganization, compromise, arrangement, adjustment, protection, moratorium, relief, stay of proceedings of creditors, composition of it or its debts or any other similar relief; or applies for or consents to the appointment of any receiver, receiver-manager, trustee, custodian, conservator, liquidator, rehabilitator or similar officer for it or for all or any material part of its property; or any receiver, receiver-manager, trustee, custodian, conservator, liquidator, rehabilitator or similar officer is appointed without the application or consent of such Person and the appointment continues undischarged or unstayed for sixty (60) calendar days; or any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law relating to any such Person or to all or any material part of its property is instituted without the consent of such Person and continues undismissed or unstayed for sixty (60) calendar days, or an order for relief is entered in any such proceeding; or
(g)    Inability to Pay Debts; Attachment. (i) Any Loan Party becomes unable or admits in writing its inability or fails generally to pay its debts as they become due (other than under section 123(1)(a) of the United Kingdom Insolvency Act 1986), or (ii) any writ or warrant of attachment or execution or similar process is issued or levied against all or any material part of the property of any such Person and is not released, vacated or fully bonded within sixty (60) calendar days (or such longer period for which a stay of enforcement is allowed by applicable Law) after its issue or levy.
(h)    Judgments. There is entered against any Loan Party (i) one or more final judgments or orders for the payment of money in an aggregate amount (as to all such judgments and orders) exceeding $100,000,000 (to the extent not covered by independent third-party insurance as to which the insurer does not dispute coverage), or (ii) any one or more non-monetary final judgments that have, or would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect and, in either case, (A) enforcement proceedings are commenced by any creditor upon such judgment or order, or (B) there is a period of thirty (30) consecutive days after the entry of such judgment during which a discharge, stay of enforcement of such judgment, by reason of a pending appeal or otherwise, is not in effect; or
(i)    ERISA. (i) An ERISA Event occurs with respect to a Pension Plan or Multiemployer Plan which has resulted or could reasonably be expected to result in liability of any Loan Party under Title IV of ERISA to the Pension Plan, Multiemployer Plan or the PBGC in an aggregate amount in excess of

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$100,000,000, or (ii) the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate fails to pay when due, after the expiration of any applicable grace period, any installment payment with respect to its withdrawal liability under Section 4201 of ERISA under a Multiemployer Plan in an aggregate amount in excess of $100,000,000; or, or (iii) any failure by any Loan Party or any Subsidiary to perform its obligations under a Canadian Pension Plan which has resulted or could reasonably be expected to result in liability of any Loan Party in an aggregate amount in excess of $100,000,000; or
(j)    Invalidity of Loan Documents. Any Loan Document, at any time after its execution and delivery and for any reason other than as expressly permitted hereunder or thereunder or satisfaction in full of all Obligations arising under the Loan Documents, ceases to be in full force and effect; or any Loan Party or any other Person contests in any manner the validity or enforceability of any Loan Document (other than contingent obligations not yet due and payable); or any Loan Party denies that it has any or further liability or obligation under any Loan Document, or purports to revoke, terminate or rescind any Loan Document; or
(k)    Change of Control. There occurs any Change of Control.
Without limiting the provisions of Article IX, if a Default shall have occurred under the Loan Documents, then such Default will continue to exist until it either is cured (to the extent specifically permitted) in accordance with the Loan Documents or is otherwise expressly waived by Administrative Agent (with the approval of the requisite Appropriate Lenders (in their sole discretion)) as determined in accordance with Section 11.01; and once an Event of Default occurs under the Loan Documents, then such Event of Default will continue to exist until it is expressly waived by the requisite Appropriate Lenders or by the Administrative Agent with the approval of the requisite Appropriate Lenders, as required hereunder in Section 11.01.
8.02    Remedies upon Event of Default.
If any Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Administrative Agent shall, at the request of, or may, with the consent of the Required Lenders, take any or all of the following actions:
(a)    declare the Commitment of each Lender to make Loans any obligation of each L/C Issuer to make L/C Credit Extensions to be terminated, whereupon such commitments and obligation shall be terminated;
(b)    declare the unpaid principal amount of all outstanding Loans, all interest accrued and unpaid thereon, and all other amounts owing or payable hereunder or under any other Loan Document to be immediately due and payable, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived by the Borrower;
(c)    require that the Borrower Cash Collateralize the L/C Obligations (in an amount equal to the Minimum Collateral Amount with respect thereto); and
(d)    exercise on behalf of itself, the Lenders and the L/C Issuers all rights and remedies available to it, the Lenders and the L/C Issuers under the Loan Documents or applicable Law or equity;
provided, however, that upon the occurrence of an actual or deemed entry of an order for relief with respect to the Borrower under the Bankruptcy Code of the United States, the obligation of each Lender to make Loans and any obligation of each L/C Issuer to make L/C Credit Extensions shall automatically terminate, the unpaid principal amount of all outstanding Loans and all interest and other amounts as aforesaid shall automatically become due and payable, and the obligation of the Borrower to Cash Collateralize the L/C

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Obligations as aforesaid shall automatically become effective, in each case without further act of the Administrative Agent or any Lender.
8.03    Application of Funds.
After the exercise of remedies provided for in Section 8.02 (or after the Loans have automatically become immediately due and payable and the L/C Obligations have automatically been required to be Cash Collateralized as set forth in the proviso to Section 8.02) or if at any time insufficient funds are received by and available to the Administrative Agent to pay fully all Obligations then due hereunder, any amounts received on account of the Obligations shall, subject to the provisions of Sections 2.14 and 2.15, be applied by the Administrative Agent in the following order:
First, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting fees, indemnities, expenses and other amounts (including fees, charges and disbursements of counsel to the Administrative Agent and amounts payable under Article III) payable to the Administrative Agent in its capacity as such;
Second, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting fees, indemnities and other amounts (other than principal, interest and Letter of Credit Fees) payable to the Lenders and the L/C Issuers (including fees, charges and disbursements of counsel to the respective Lenders and the L/C Issuers (including fees and time charges for attorneys who may be employees of any Lender or any L/C Issuer)) arising under the Loan Documents and amounts payable under Article III, ratably among them in proportion to the respective amounts described in this Second clause payable to them;
Third, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting accrued and unpaid Letter of Credit Fees and interest on the Loans, L/C Borrowings and other Obligations arising under the Loan Documents, ratably among the Lenders and the L/C Issuers in proportion to the respective amounts described in this Third clause payable to them;
Fourth, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting unpaid principal of the Loans, L/C Borrowings and Obligations then owing to the Administrative Agent for the account of the applicable L/C Issuer, to Cash Collateralize that portion of L/C Obligations comprised of the aggregate undrawn amount of Letters of Credit to the extent not otherwise Cash Collateralized by the Borrower pursuant to Sections 2.03 and 2.14, in each case ratably among the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the L/C Issuers in proportion to the respective amounts described in this Fourth clause held by them; and
Last, the balance, if any, after all of the Obligations have been indefeasibly paid in full, to the Borrower or as otherwise required by Law.
Subject to Sections 2.03(c) and 2.14, amounts used to Cash Collateralize the aggregate undrawn amount of Letters of Credit pursuant to the Fourth clause above shall be applied to satisfy drawings under such Letters of Credit as they occur. If any amount remains on deposit as Cash Collateral after all Letters of Credit have either been fully drawn or expired, such remaining amount shall be applied to the other Obligations, if any, in the order set forth above.
ARTICLE IX    
 
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
9.01    Appointment and Authority.

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Each of the Lenders and the L/C Issuers hereby irrevocably appoints, designates and authorizes Bank of America to act on its behalf as the Administrative Agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents and authorizes the Administrative Agent to take such actions on its behalf and to exercise such powers as are delegated to the Administrative Agent by the terms hereof or thereof, together with such actions and powers as are reasonably incidental thereto. The provisions of this Article IX are solely for the benefit of the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the L/C Issuers, and neither the Borrower nor any other Loan Party shall have rights as a third party beneficiary of any of such provisions. It is understood and agreed that the use of the term “agent” herein or in any other Loan Documents (or any other similar term) with reference to the Administrative Agent is not intended to connote any fiduciary or other implied (or express) obligations arising under agency doctrine of any Applicable Law. Instead such term is used as a matter of market custom, and is intended to create or reflect only an administrative relationship between contracting parties.
9.02    Rights as a Lender.
The Person serving as the Administrative Agent hereunder shall have the same rights and powers in its capacity as a Lender as any other Lender and may exercise the same as though it were not the Administrative Agent and the term “Lender” or “Lenders” shall, unless otherwise expressly indicated or unless the context otherwise requires, include the Person serving as the Administrative Agent hereunder in its individual capacity. Such Person and its Affiliates may accept deposits from, lend money to, own securities of, act as the financial advisor or in any other advisory capacity for and generally engage in any kind of banking, trust, financial, advisory, underwriting or other business with any Loan Party or any Subsidiary or other Affiliate thereof as if such Person were not the Administrative Agent hereunder and without any duty to account therefor to the Lenders or to provide notice to or consent of the Lenders with respect thereto.
9.03    Exculpatory Provisions.
(a)    The Administrative Agent shall not have any duties or obligations except those expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents, and its duties hereunder shall be administrative in nature. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Administrative Agent and its Related Parties:
(i)    shall not be subject to any fiduciary or other implied duties, regardless of whether a Default has occurred and is continuing;
(ii)    shall not have any duty to take any discretionary action or exercise any discretionary powers, except discretionary rights and powers expressly contemplated hereby or by the other Loan Documents that the Administrative Agent is required to exercise as directed in writing by the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be expressly provided for herein or in the other Loan Documents), provided that the Administrative Agent shall not be required to take any action that, in its opinion or the opinion of its counsel, may expose the Administrative Agent to liability or that is contrary to any Loan Document or Applicable Law, including for the avoidance of doubt any action that may be in violation of the automatic stay under any Debtor Relief Law or that may effect a forfeiture, modification or termination of property of a Defaulting Lender in violation of any Debtor Relief Law; and
(iii)    shall not, except as expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents, have any duty or responsibility to disclose, and shall not be liable for the failure to disclose, any information relating to any Loan Party or any of its Affiliates that is communicated to or obtained by the Person serving as the Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates in any capacity.

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(b)    Neither the Administrative Agent nor any of its Related Parties shall be liable for any action taken or not taken by the Administrative Agent under or in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (i) with the consent or at the request of the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be necessary), or as the Administrative Agent shall believe in good faith shall be necessary, under the circumstances as provided in Sections 11.01 and 8.02) or (ii) in the absence of its own gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and non-appealable judgment. The Administrative Agent shall be deemed not to have knowledge of any Default unless and until notice describing such Default is given in writing to the Administrative Agent by the Borrower, a Lender or an L/C Issuer.
(c)    Neither the Administrative Agent nor any of its Related Parties have any duty or obligation to any Lender or participant or any other Person to ascertain or inquire into (i) any statement, warranty or representation made in or in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (ii) the contents of any certificate, report or other document delivered hereunder or thereunder or in connection herewith or therewith, (iii) the performance or observance of any of the covenants, agreements or other terms or conditions set forth herein or therein or the occurrence of any Default, (iv) the validity, enforceability, effectiveness or genuineness of this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any other agreement, instrument or document or (v) the satisfaction of any condition set forth in Article IV or elsewhere herein, other than to confirm receipt of items expressly required to be delivered to the Administrative Agent.
9.04    Reliance by Administrative Agent.
The Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall be fully protected in relying and shall not incur any liability for relying upon, any notice, request, certificate, communication, consent, statement, instrument, document or other writing (including any electronic message, Internet or intranet website posting or other distribution) believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed, sent or otherwise authenticated by the proper Person. The Administrative Agent also may rely upon any statement made to it orally or by telephone and believed by it to have been made by the proper Person, and shall be fully protected in relying and shall not incur any liability for relying thereon. In determining compliance with any condition hereunder to the making of a Loan, or the issuance, extension, renewal or increase of a Letter of Credit, that by its terms must be fulfilled to the satisfaction of a Lender or an L/C Issuer, the Administrative Agent may presume that such condition is satisfactory to such Lender or such L/C Issuer unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice to the contrary from such Lender or such L/C Issuer prior to the making of such Loan or the issuance of such Letter of Credit. The Administrative Agent may consult with legal counsel (who may be counsel for the Loan Parties), independent accountants and other experts selected by it, and shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it in accordance with the advice of any such counsel, accountants or experts. For purposes of determining compliance with the conditions specified in Section 4.01, each Lender that has signed this Agreement shall be deemed to have consented to, approved or accepted or to be satisfied with, each document or other matter required thereunder to be consented to or approved by or acceptable or satisfactory to a Lender unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice from such Lender prior to the proposed Closing Date specifying its objections.
9.05    Delegation of Duties.
The Administrative Agent may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers hereunder or under any other Loan Document by or through any one or more sub-agents appointed by the Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers by or through their respective Related Parties. The exculpatory provisions of this Article IX shall apply to any such sub-agent and to the Related Parties of the Administrative

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Agent and any such sub-agent, and shall apply to their respective activities in connection with the syndication of the Facilities as well as activities as Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for the negligence or misconduct of any sub-agents except to the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction determines in a final and non-appealable judgment that the Administrative Agent acted with gross negligence or willful misconduct in the selection of such sub-agents.
9.06    Resignation of Administrative Agent.
(a)    Notice. The Administrative Agent may at any time give notice of its resignation to the Lenders, the L/C Issuers and the Company. Upon receipt of any such notice of resignation, the Required Lenders shall have the right, in consultation with the Company, to appoint a successor, which shall be a bank with an office in the United States, or an Affiliate of any such bank with an office in the United States. If no such successor shall have been so appointed by the Required Lenders and shall have accepted such appointment within thirty (30) days after the retiring Administrative Agent gives notice of its resignation (or such earlier day as shall be agreed by the Required Lenders) (the “Resignation Effective Date”), then the retiring Administrative Agent may (but shall not be obligated to) on behalf of the Lenders and the L/C Issuers, appoint a successor Administrative Agent meeting the qualifications set forth above; provided that in no event shall any successor Administrative Agent be a Defaulting Lender. Whether or not a successor has been appointed, such resignation shall become effective in accordance with such notice on the Resignation Effective Date.
(b)    Effect of Resignation. With effect from the Resignation Effective Date (i) the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents (except that in the case of any cash collateral security held by the Administrative Agent on behalf of the Lenders or the L/C Issuers under any of the Loan Documents, the retiring Administrative Agent shall continue to hold such cash collateral security until such time as a successor Administrative Agent is appointed) and (ii) except for any indemnity payments or other amounts then owed to the retired Administrative Agent, all payments, communications and determinations provided to be made by, to or through the Administrative Agent shall instead be made by or to each Lender and each L/C Issuer directly, until such time, if any, as the Required Lenders appoint a successor Administrative Agent as provided for above. Upon the acceptance of a successor’s appointment as Administrative Agent hereunder, such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all of the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Administrative Agent (other than as provided in Section 3.01(g) and other than any rights to indemnity payments or other amounts owed to the retiring Administrative Agent as of the Resignation Effective Date), and the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from all of its duties and obligations hereunder or under the other Loan Documents (if not already discharged therefrom as provided above in this Section 9.06). The fees payable by the Borrower to a successor Administrative Agent shall be the same as those payable to its predecessor unless otherwise agreed between the Company and such successor. After the retiring Administrative Agent’s resignation hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, the provisions of this Article IX and Section 11.04 shall continue in effect for the benefit of such retiring Administrative Agent, its sub‑agents and their respective Related Parties in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by any of them (A) while the retiring Administrative Agent was acting as Administrative Agent and (B) after such resignation for as long as any of them continues to act in any capacity hereunder or under the other Loan Documents, including, without limitation, (1) acting as collateral agent or otherwise holding any cash collateral security on behalf of any of the Lenders and (2) in respect of any actions taken in connection with transferring the agency to any successor Administrative Agent.
(c)    L/C Issuers and Swingline Lender. Any resignation by Bank of America as Administrative Agent pursuant to this Section 9.06 shall also constitute its resignation as an L/C Issuer and Swingline Lender.

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If Bank of America resigns as an L/C Issuer, it shall retain all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of an L/C Issuer hereunder with respect to all Letters of Credit outstanding as of the effective date of its resignation as an L/C Issuer and all L/C Obligations with respect thereto, including the right to require the Lenders to make Base Rate Loans or fund risk participations in Unreimbursed Amounts pursuant to Section 2.03(c). If Bank of America resigns as Swingline Lender, it shall retain all the rights of the Swingline Lender provided for hereunder with respect to Swingline Loans made by it and outstanding as of the effective date of such resignation, including the right to require the Lenders to make Base Rate Loans or fund risk participations in outstanding Swingline Loans pursuant to Section 2.04(c). Upon the appointment by the Company of a successor L/C Issuer or Swingline Lender hereunder (which successor shall in all cases be a Lender other than a Defaulting Lender), (i) such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all of the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring L/C Issuer or Swingline Lender, as applicable, (ii) the retiring L/C Issuer and Swingline Lender shall be discharged from all of their respective duties and obligations hereunder or under the other Loan Documents, and (iii) the successor L/C Issuer shall issue Letters of Credit in substitution for the Letters of Credit, if any, outstanding at the time of such succession or make other arrangements satisfactory to Bank of America to effectively assume the obligations of Bank of America with respect to such Letters of Credit.
9.07    Non-Reliance on Administrative Agent and Other Lenders.
Each Lender and each L/C Issuer acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender or any of their Related Parties and based on such documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement. Each Lender and each L/C Issuer also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender or any of their Related Parties and based on such documents and information as it shall from time to time deem appropriate, continue to make its own decisions in taking or not taking action under or based upon this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any related agreement or any document furnished hereunder or thereunder.
9.08    No Other Duties, Etc.
Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, none of the titles listed on the cover page hereof shall have any powers, duties or responsibilities under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, except in its capacity, as applicable, as the Administrative Agent, the Arranger, a Lender or an L/C Issuer hereunder.
9.09    Administrative Agent May File Proofs of Claim; Credit Bidding.
(a)    In case of the pendency of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law or any other judicial proceeding relative to any Loan Party, the Administrative Agent (irrespective of whether the principal of any Loan or L/C Obligation shall then be due and payable as herein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Administrative Agent shall have made any demand on the Borrower) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise:
(i)    to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of the principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Loans, L/C Obligations and all other Obligations that are owing and unpaid and to file such other documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Lenders, the L/C Issuers and the Administrative Agent (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Lenders, the L/C Issuers and the Administrative Agent and their respective agents and counsel and all other amounts due the Lenders,

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the L/C Issuers and the Administrative Agent under Sections 2.03(h) and (i), 2.09, 2.10(b) and 11.04) allowed in such judicial proceeding; and
(ii)    to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;
and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Lender and each L/C Issuer to make such payments to the Administrative Agent and, in the event that the Administrative Agent shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Lenders and the L/C Issuers, to pay to the Administrative Agent any amount due for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Administrative Agent and its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Administrative Agent under Sections 2.09, 2.10(b) and 11.04.
(b)    Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the Administrative Agent to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Lender or any L/C Issuer any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Obligations or the rights of any Lender or any L/C Issuer to authorize the Administrative Agent to vote in respect of the claim of any Lender or any L/C Issuer or in any such proceeding.
9.10    Guaranty Matters.
(a)    Each of the Lenders and the L/C Issuers irrevocably authorize the Administrative Agent, at its option and in its discretion to release any Guarantor from its obligations under the Guaranty if such Person ceases to be a Subsidiary as a result of a transaction permitted under the Loan Documents.
(b)    Upon request by the Administrative Agent at any time, the Required Lenders will confirm in writing the Administrative Agent’s authority to release any Guarantor from its obligations under the Guaranty pursuant to this Section 9.10. In each case as specified in this Section 9.10, the Administrative Agent will, at the Borrower’s expense, execute and deliver to the applicable Loan Party such documents as such Loan Party may reasonably request to release such Guarantor from its obligations under the Guaranty, in each case in accordance with the terms of the Loan Documents and this Section 9.10.
9.11    Certain ERISA Matters.
(a)    Each Lender (x) represents and warrants, as of the date such Person became a Lender party hereto, to, and (y) covenants, from the date such Person became a Lender party hereto to the date such Person ceases being a Lender party hereto, for the benefit of, the Administrative Agent and not, for the avoidance of doubt, to or for the benefit of the Borrower or any other Loan Party, that at least one of the following is and will be true:
(i)    such Lender is not using “plan assets” (within the meaning of Section 3(42) of ERISA or otherwise) of one or more Benefit Plans with respect to such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments, or this agreement,
(ii)    the transaction exemption set forth in one or more PTEs, such as PTE 84–14 (a class exemption for certain transactions determined by independent qualified professional asset managers), PTE 95–60 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving insurance company general accounts), PTE 90–1 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving insurance company

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pooled separate accounts), PTE 91–38 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving bank collective investment funds) or PTE 96–23 (a class exemption for certain transactions determined by in-house asset managers), is applicable with respect to such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement,
(iii)    such Lender is an investment fund managed by a “Qualified Professional Asset Manager” (within the meaning of Part VI of PTE 84–14), (B) such Qualified Professional Asset Manager made the investment decision on behalf of such Lender to enter into, participate in, administer and perform the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement, (C) the entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement satisfies the requirements of sub-sections (b) through (g) of Part I of PTE 84–14 and (D) to the best knowledge of such Lender, the requirements of subsection (a) of Part I of PTE 84–14 are satisfied with respect to such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement, or
(iv)    such other representation, warranty and covenant as may be agreed in writing between the Administrative Agent, in its sole discretion, and such Lender.
(b)    In addition, unless either (1) clause (i) in the immediately preceding clause (a) is true with respect to a Lender or (2) a Lender has provided another representation, warranty and covenant in accordance with clause (iv) in the immediately preceding clause (a), such Lender further (x) represents and warrants, as of the date such Person became a Lender party hereto, to, and (y) covenants, from the date such Person became a Lender party hereto to the date such Person ceases being a Lender party hereto, for the benefit of, the Administrative Agent and not, for the avoidance of doubt, to or for the benefit of the Borrower or any other Loan Party, that the Administrative Agent is not a fiduciary with respect to the assets of such Lender involved in such Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, the Letters of Credit, the Commitments and this Agreement (including in connection with the reservation or exercise of any rights by the Administrative Agent under this Agreement, any Loan Document or any documents related hereto or thereto).
ARTICLE X    
 
CONTINUING GUARANTY
10.01    Guaranty.
Each Guarantor hereby absolutely and unconditionally, jointly and severally guarantees, as a primary obligor and as a guaranty of payment and performance and not merely as a guaranty of collection, prompt payment when due, whether at stated maturity, by required prepayment, upon acceleration, demand or otherwise, and at all times thereafter, of any and all of the Obligations when due and payable, whether for principal, interest, premiums, fees, indemnities, damages, costs, expenses or otherwise, of the Borrower to the Guaranteed Parties, arising hereunder or under any other Loan Document (including all renewals, extensions, amendments, refinancings and other modifications thereof and all costs, attorneys’ fees and expenses incurred by the Guaranteed Parties in connection with the collection or enforcement thereof) (for each Guarantor, subject to the proviso in this sentence, its “Guaranteed Obligations”); provided that the liability of each Guarantor individually with respect to this Guaranty shall be limited to an aggregate amount equal to the largest amount that would not render its obligations hereunder subject to avoidance under Section

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548 of the Bankruptcy Code of the United States or any comparable provisions of any applicable state law or other Applicable Law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Guaranteed Obligations shall include any such indebtedness, obligations and liabilities, or portions thereof, which may be or hereafter become unenforceable or compromised or shall be an allowed or disallowed claim under any proceeding or case commenced by or against any debtor under any Debtor Relief Laws. The Administrative Agent’s books and records showing the amount of the Obligations shall be admissible in evidence in any action or proceeding. This Guaranty shall not be affected by the genuineness, validity, regularity or enforceability of the Obligations or any instrument or agreement evidencing any Obligations, or by the existence, validity, enforceability, perfection, non-perfection or extent of any collateral therefor, or by any fact or circumstance relating to the Obligations which might otherwise constitute a defense to the enforceability of this Guaranty, and each Guarantor hereby irrevocably waives any defenses it may now have or hereafter acquire to the enforceability of this Guaranty in any way relating to any or all of the foregoing.
10.02    Rights of Lender.
Each Guarantor consents and agrees that the Guaranteed Parties may, at any time and from time to time, to the extent permitted herein and in the Loan Documents without notice or demand, take the following actions without affecting the enforceability or continuing effectiveness of this Guaranty: (a) amend, extend, renew, compromise, discharge, accelerate or otherwise change the time for payment or the terms of the Obligations or any part thereof; (b) take, hold, exchange, enforce, waive, release, fail to perfect, sell, or otherwise dispose of any security for the payment of this Guaranty or any Obligations; (c) apply such security and direct the order or manner of sale thereof as the Administrative Agent, the L/C Issuer and the Lenders in their sole discretion may determine; and (d) release or substitute one or more of any endorsers or other guarantors of any of the Obligations. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, solely with respect to the enforceability of this Guaranty, each Guarantor consents to the taking of, or failure to take, any action which might in any manner or to any extent vary the risks of such Guarantor under this Guaranty or which, but for this provision, might operate as a discharge of such Guarantor.
10.03    Certain Waivers.
Each Guarantor waives each of the following with respect to the enforceability of this Guaranty: (a) any defense arising by reason of any disability or other defense of the Borrower or any other guarantor, or the cessation from any cause whatsoever (including any act or omission of any Guaranteed Party) of the liability of the Borrower or any other Loan Party; (b) any defense based on any claim that such Guarantor’s obligations exceed or are more burdensome than those of the Borrower or any other Loan Party; (c) the benefit of any statute of limitations affecting any Guarantor’s liability hereunder; (d) any right to proceed against the Borrower or any other Loan Party, proceed against or exhaust any security for the Obligations, or pursue any other remedy in the power of any Guaranteed Party whatsoever; (e) any benefit of and any right to participate in any security now or hereafter held by any Guaranteed Party; and (f) to the fullest extent permitted by law, any and all other defenses or benefits that may be derived from or afforded by applicable Law limiting the liability of or exonerating guarantors or sureties. Each Guarantor expressly waives with respect to the enforceability of this Guaranty all setoffs and counterclaims and all presentments, demands for payment or performance, notices of nonpayment or nonperformance, protests, notices of protest, notices of dishonor and all other notices or demands of any kind or nature whatsoever with respect to the Obligations, and all notices of acceptance of this Guaranty or of the existence, creation or incurrence of new or additional Obligations.
10.04    Obligations Independent.

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The obligations of each Guarantor hereunder are those of primary obligor, and not merely as surety, and are independent of the Obligations and the obligations of any other guarantor, and a separate action may be brought against each Guarantor to enforce this Guaranty whether or not the Borrower or any other person or entity is joined as a party.
10.05    Subrogation.
No Guarantor shall exercise any right of subrogation, contribution, indemnity, reimbursement or similar rights with respect to any payments it makes under this Guaranty until all of the Obligations and any amounts payable under this Guaranty have been indefeasibly paid and performed in full and the Commitments and the Facilities are terminated. If any amounts are paid to a Guarantor in violation of the foregoing limitation, then such amounts shall be held in trust for the benefit of the Guaranteed Parties and shall forthwith be paid to the Guaranteed Parties to reduce the amount of the Obligations, whether matured or unmatured.
10.06    Termination; Reinstatement.
This Guaranty is a continuing and irrevocable guaranty (when due and payable) of all Obligations now or hereafter existing and shall remain in full force and effect until the Facility Termination Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Guaranty shall continue in full force and effect or be revived, as the case may be, if any payment by or on behalf of the Borrower or a Guarantor is made, or any of the Guaranteed Parties exercises its right of setoff, in respect of the Obligations and such payment or the proceeds of such setoff or any part thereof is subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or required (including pursuant to any settlement entered into by any of the Guaranteed Parties in their discretion) to be repaid to a trustee, receiver or any other party, in connection with any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Laws or otherwise, all as if such payment had not been made or such setoff had not occurred and whether or not the Guaranteed Parties are in possession of or have released this Guaranty and regardless of any prior revocation, rescission, termination or reduction. The obligations of each Guarantor under this paragraph shall survive termination of this Guaranty.
10.07    Stay of Acceleration.
If acceleration of the time for payment of any of the Obligations is stayed, in connection with any case commenced by or against a Guarantor or the Borrower under any Debtor Relief Laws, or otherwise, all such amounts shall nonetheless be payable by each Guarantor, jointly and severally, immediately upon demand by the Guaranteed Parties.
10.08    Condition of Borrower.
Each Guarantor acknowledges and agrees that it has the sole responsibility for, and has adequate means of, obtaining from the Borrower and any other guarantor such information concerning the financial condition, business and operations of the Borrower and any such other guarantor as such Guarantor requires, and that none of the Guaranteed Parties has any duty, and such Guarantor is not relying on the Guaranteed Parties at any time, to disclose to it any information relating to the business, operations or financial condition of the Borrower or any other guarantor (each Guarantor waiving any duty on the part of the Guaranteed Parties to disclose such information and any defense relating to the failure to provide the same).
10.09    Appointment of Borrower.
Each of the Guarantors (other than the Company) hereby appoints the Company to act as its agent for all purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and agrees that (a) the Company may

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execute such documents on behalf of such Guarantor as the Company deems appropriate in its sole discretion and each Guarantor shall be obligated by all of the terms of any such document executed on its behalf, (b) any notice or communication delivered by the Administrative Agent, L/C Issuer or a Lender to the Company shall be deemed delivered to each Guarantor and (c) the Administrative Agent, L/C Issuer or the Lenders may accept, and be permitted to rely on, any document, instrument or agreement executed by the Company on behalf of each Guarantor.
10.10    Right of Contribution.
The Guarantors agree among themselves that, in connection with payments made hereunder, each Guarantor shall have contribution rights against the other Guarantors as permitted under applicable Law.
ARTICLE XI    
 
MISCELLANEOUS
11.01    Amendments, Etc.
(a)    Subject to Section 3.03(c) and the last paragraph of this Section 11.01, no amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, and no consent to any departure by the Borrower or any other Loan Party therefrom, shall be effective unless in writing signed by the Required Lenders (or by the Administrative Agent with the consent of the Required Lenders) and the Borrower or the applicable Loan Party, as the case may be, and acknowledged by the Administrative Agent, and each such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which given; provided, however, that no such amendment, waiver or consent shall:
(i)    waive any condition set forth in Section 4.02 or, in the case of the initial Credit Extension, Section 4.01, without the written consent of each Lender;
(ii)    without limiting the generality of clause (a) above, waive any condition set forth in Section 4.02 as to any Credit Extension under a particular Facility without the written consent of the Required Revolving Lenders or the Required Term Lenders, as the case may be;
(i)    extend or increase the Commitment of any Lender (or reinstate any Commitment terminated pursuant to Section 8.02) without the written consent of such Lender (it being understood and agreed that a waiver of any condition precedent in Section 4.02 or of any Default or a mandatory reduction in Commitments is not considered an extension or increase in Commitments of any Lender);
(ii)    postpone any date fixed by this Agreement or any other Loan Document for any payment (excluding mandatory prepayments) of principal, interest, fees or other amounts due to the Lenders (or any of them) hereunder or under such other Loan Document without the written consent of each Lender entitled to such payment;
(iii)    reduce the principal of, or the rate of interest specified herein on, any Loan or L/C Borrowing, or any fees or other amounts payable hereunder or under any other Loan Document, or change the manner of computation of any financial ratio (including any change in any applicable defined term) used in determining the Applicable Rate that would result

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in a reduction of any interest rate on any Loan or any fee payable hereunder without the written consent of each Lender entitled to such amount; provided, however, that only the consent of the Required Lenders shall be necessary to amend the definition of “Default Rate” or to waive any obligation of the Borrower to pay interest or Letter of Credit Fees at the Default Rate;
(iv)    change Section 8.03 or Section 2.13 in a manner that would alter the pro rata sharing of payments required thereby without the written consent of each Lender;
(v)    change (i) any provision of this Section 11.01 or the definition of “Required Lenders” or “Required Class Lenders” or any other provision of any Loan Document specifying the number or percentage of Lenders required to amend, waive or otherwise modify any rights hereunder or thereunder or make any determination or grant any consent hereunder (other than the definitions specified in clause (ii) of this clause (a)(vii)), without the written consent of each Lender or (ii) the definitions of “Required Revolving Lenders” or “Required Term Lenders” as each relates to the related Facility (or the constituent definition therein relating to such Facility) without the written consent of each Lender under such Facility;
(vi)    release all or substantially all of the value of the Guaranty, without the written consent of each Lender, except to the extent the release of any Subsidiary from the Guaranty is permitted pursuant to Section 9.10 (in which case such release may be made by the Administrative Agent acting alone);
(vii)    release the Company (from its obligations as a Borrower or as a Guarantor hereunder) or any Designated Borrower, except in connection with the termination of a Designated Borrower’s status as such under Section 2.16, a merger or consolidation permitted under Section 7.04 or a Disposition permitted under Section 7.05;
(i)    directly and materially adversely affect the rights of Lenders holding Commitments or Loans of one Class differently from the rights of Lenders holding Commitments or Loans of any other Class without the written consent of the applicable Required Class Lenders;
(xiii)    amend Section 1.09 or the definition of “Alternative Currency” without the written consent of each Lender directly affected thereby;
and provided, further, that (A) no amendment, waiver or consent shall, unless in writing and signed by the L/C Issuers in addition to the Lenders required above, affect the rights or duties of the L/C Issuers under this Agreement or any Issuer Document relating to any Letter of Credit issued or to be issued by it; (B) no amendment, waiver or consent shall, unless in writing and signed by the Swingline Lender in addition to the Lenders required above, affect the rights or duties of the Swingline Lender under this Agreement; (C) no amendment, waiver or consent shall, unless in writing and signed by the Administrative Agent in addition to the Lenders required above, affect the rights or duties of the Administrative Agent under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; and (E) the Fee Letter may be amended, or rights or privileges thereunder waived, in a writing executed only by the parties thereto.

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(b)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, (i) no Defaulting Lender shall have any right to approve or disapprove any amendment, waiver or consent hereunder (and any amendment, waiver or consent which by its terms requires the consent of all Lenders or each affected Lender, or all Lenders or each affected Lender under a Facility, may be effected with the consent of the applicable Lenders other than Defaulting Lenders), except that (A) the Commitment of any Defaulting Lender may not be increased or extended without the consent of such Lender and (B) any waiver, amendment or modification requiring the consent of all Lenders or each affected Lender, or all Lenders or each affected Lender under a Facility, that by its terms affects any Defaulting Lender disproportionately adversely relative to other affected Lenders shall require the consent of such Defaulting Lender; (ii) each Lender is entitled to vote as such Lender sees fit on any bankruptcy reorganization plan that affects the Loans, and each Lender acknowledges that the provisions of Section 1126(c) of the Bankruptcy Code of the United States supersedes the unanimous consent provisions set forth herein and (iii) the Required Lenders shall determine whether or not to allow a Loan Party to use cash collateral in the context of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding and such determination shall be binding on all of the Lenders.
(c)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, this Agreement may be amended and restated without the consent of any Lender (but with the consent of the Borrower and the Administrative Agent) if, upon giving effect to such amendment and restatement, such Lender shall no longer be a party to this Agreement (as so amended and restated), the Commitments of such Lender shall have terminated, such Lender shall have no other commitment or other obligation hereunder and shall have been paid in full all principal, interest and other amounts owing to it or accrued for its account under this Agreement.
(d)    Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, this Agreement may be amended with the written consent of the Administrative Agent, any L/C Issuer, the Borrower and the Lenders affected thereby to amend the definition of “Alternative Currency” or “Eurocurrency Rate” or Section 1.09 solely to add additional currency options and the applicable interest rate with respect thereto, in each case solely to the extent permitted pursuant to Section 1.09.
Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, if the Administrative Agent and the Company acting together identify any ambiguity, omission, mistake, typographical error or other defect in any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document (including the schedules and exhibits thereto), then the Administrative Agent and the Company shall be permitted to amend, modify or supplement such provision to cure such ambiguity, omission, mistake, typographical error or other defect, and such amendment shall become effective without any further action or consent of any other party to this Agreement.
11.02    Notices; Effectiveness; Electronic Communications.
(a)    Notices Generally. Except in the case of notices and other communications expressly permitted to be given by telephone (and except as provided in subsection (b) below), all notices and other communications provided for herein shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand or overnight courier service, mailed by certified or registered mail or sent by fax transmission or e-mail transmission as follows, and all notices and other communications expressly permitted hereunder to be given by telephone shall be made to the applicable telephone number, as follows:
(i)    if to the Borrower or any other Loan Party, the Administrative Agent, any L/C Issuer or the Swingline Lender, to the address, fax number, e-mail address or telephone number specified for such Person on Schedule 1.01(a); and

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(ii)    if to any other Lender, to the address, fax number, e-mail address or telephone number specified in its Administrative Questionnaire (including, as appropriate, notices delivered solely to the Person designated by a Lender on its Administrative Questionnaire then in effect for the delivery of notices that may contain material non-public information relating to the Borrower).
Notices and other communications sent by hand or overnight courier service, or mailed by certified or registered mail, shall be deemed to have been given when received; notices and other communications sent by (fax transmission or e-mail transmission shall be deemed to have been given when sent (except that, if not given during normal business hours for the recipient, shall be deemed to have been given at the opening of business on the next Business Day for the recipient). Notices and other communications delivered through electronic communications to the extent provided in subsection (b) below shall be effective as provided in such subsection (b).
(b)    Electronic Communications.
(i)     Notices and other communications to the Administrative Agent, the Lenders, the Swingline Lender and the L/C Issuers hereunder may be delivered or furnished by electronic communication (including e-mail, FPML messaging, and Internet or intranet websites) pursuant to an electronic communications agreement (or such other procedures approved by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion); provided that the foregoing shall not apply to notices to any Lender, the Swingline Lender or any L/C Issuer pursuant to Article II if such Lender, the Swingline Lender or such L/C Issuer, as applicable, has notified the Administrative Agent that it is incapable of receiving notices under such Article II by electronic communication. The Administrative Agent, the Swingline Lender, any L/C Issuer or the Borrower may each, in its discretion, agree to accept notices and other communications to it hereunder by electronic communications pursuant to procedures approved by it, provided that approval of such procedures may be limited to particular notices or communications.
(ii)    Unless the Administrative Agent otherwise prescribes, (A) notices and other communications sent to an e-mail address shall be deemed received upon the sender’s receipt of an acknowledgment from the intended recipient (such as by the “return receipt requested” function, as available, return e-mail or other written acknowledgement) and (B) notices and other communications posted to an Internet or intranet website shall be deemed received by the intended recipient upon the sender’s receipt of an acknowledgement from the intended recipient (such as by the “return receipt requested” function, as available, return e-mail address or other written acknowledgement) indicating that such notice or communication is available and identifying the website address therefor; provided that for both clauses (A) and (B), if such notice or other communication is not sent during the normal business hours of the recipient, such notice, email or communication shall be deemed to have been sent at the opening of business on the next Business Day for the recipient.
(c)    The Platform. THE PLATFORM IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND “AS AVAILABLE.” THE AGENT PARTIES (AS DEFINED BELOW) DO NOT WARRANT THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE BORROWER MATERIALS OR THE ADEQUACY OF THE PLATFORM, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM LIABILITY FOR ERRORS IN OR OMISSIONS FROM THE BORROWER MATERIALS. NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS OR FREEDOM FROM VIRUSES OR OTHER CODE DEFECTS, IS MADE BY ANY AGENT PARTY IN CONNECTION WITH THE BORROWER MATERIALS OR THE PLATFORM. In no event shall the Administrative Agent or any of

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its Related Parties (collectively, the “Agent Parties”) have any liability to the Borrower, any Lender, any L/C Issuer or any other Person for losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses of any kind (whether in tort, contract or otherwise) arising out of the Borrower’s, any Loan Party’s or the Administrative Agent’s transmission of Borrower Materials or notices through the Platform, any other electronic platform or electronic messaging service, or through the Internet.
(d)    Change of Address, Etc. Each of the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, each L/C Issuer and the Swingline Lender may change its address, fax number or telephone number or e-mail address for notices and other communications hereunder by notice to the other parties hereto. Each other Lender may change its address, fax number or telephone number or e-mail address for notices and other communications hereunder by notice to the Company, the Administrative Agent, each L/C Issuer and the Swingline Lender. In addition, each Lender agrees to notify the Administrative Agent from time to time to ensure that the Administrative Agent has on record (i) an effective address, contact name, telephone number, fax number and e-mail address to which notices and other communications may be sent and (ii) accurate wire instructions for such Lender. Furthermore, each Public Lender agrees to cause at least one (1) individual at or on behalf of such Public Lender to at all times have selected the “Private Side Information” or similar designation on the content declaration screen of the Platform in order to enable such Public Lender or its delegate, in accordance with such Public Lender’s compliance procedures and Applicable Law, including United States federal and state securities Laws, to make reference to Borrower Materials that are not made available through the “Public Side Information” portion of the Platform and that may contain material non-public information with respect to the Borrower or its securities for purposes of United States federal or state securities laws.
(e)    Reliance by Administrative Agent, L/C Issuers and Lenders. The Administrative Agent, the L/C Issuers and the Lenders shall be entitled to rely and act upon any notices (including, without limitation, telephonic or electronic notices, Loan Notices, Letter of Credit Applications, Notice of Loan Prepayment and Swingline Loan Notices) purportedly given by or on behalf of any Loan Party even if (i) such notices were not made in a manner specified herein, were incomplete or were not preceded or followed by any other form of notice specified herein, or (ii) the terms thereof, as understood by the recipient, varied from any confirmation thereof. The Loan Parties shall indemnify the Administrative Agent, each L/C Issuer, each Lender and the Related Parties of each of them from all losses, costs, expenses and liabilities resulting from the reliance by such Person on each notice purportedly given by or on behalf of a Loan Party. All telephonic notices to and other telephonic communications with the Administrative Agent may be recorded by the Administrative Agent, and each of the parties hereto hereby consents to such recording.
11.03    No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies; Enforcement.
(a)    No failure by any Lender, any L/C Issuer or the Administrative Agent to exercise, and no delay by any such Person in exercising, any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder or under any other Loan Document preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege. The rights, remedies, powers and privileges herein provided, and provided under each other Loan Document, are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, remedies, powers and privileges provided by law.
(b)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any other Loan Document, the authority to enforce rights and remedies hereunder and under the other Loan Documents against the Loan Parties or any of them shall be vested exclusively in, and all actions and proceedings at law in connection with such enforcement shall be instituted and maintained exclusively by, the Administrative Agent in accordance with Section 8.02 for the benefit of all the Lenders and the L/C Issuers; provided, however, that

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the foregoing shall not prohibit (a) the Administrative Agent from exercising on its own behalf the rights and remedies that inure to its benefit (solely in its capacity as Administrative Agent) hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, (b) any L/C Issuer or the Swingline Lender from exercising the rights and remedies that inure to its benefit (solely in its capacity as an L/C Issuer or Swingline Lender, as the case may be) hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, (c) any Lender from exercising setoff rights in accordance with Section 11.08 (subject to the terms of Section 2.13), or (d) any Lender from filing proofs of claim or appearing and filing pleadings on its own behalf during the pendency of a proceeding relative to any Loan Party under any Debtor Relief Law; and provided, further, that if at any time there is no Person acting as Administrative Agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, then (i) the Required Lenders shall have the rights otherwise ascribed to the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 8.02 and (ii) in addition to the matters set forth in clauses (b), (c) and (d) of the preceding proviso and subject to Section 2.13, any Lender may, with the consent of the Required Lenders, enforce any rights and remedies available to it and as authorized by the Required Lenders.
11.04    Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver.
(a)    Costs and Expenses. The Loan Parties shall pay (i) all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent and its Affiliates (including, but not limited to, the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of (x) one counsel for the Administrative Agent and its Affiliates and (y) one counsel for the Lenders and their respective Affiliates, taken as a whole, and, if necessary, one local counsel for the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and their respective Affiliates in each relevant jurisdiction and (B) due diligence expenses), in connection with the syndication of the credit facilities provided for herein, the preparation, negotiation, execution, delivery and administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents or any amendments, modifications or waivers of the provisions hereof or thereof (whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby shall be consummated), (ii) all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the L/C Issuers in connection with the issuance, amendment, extension, reinstatement or renewal of any Letter of Credit or any demand for payment thereunder and (iii) all out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any L/C Issuer (including the fees, charges and disbursements of one counsel for the Administrative Agent, one counsel for the Lenders and L/C Issuers if not the Administrative Agent or a Lender, taken as a whole, and, if necessary, one local counsel for the Administrative Agent, Lenders and L/C Issuers in each relevant jurisdiction), in connection with the enforcement or protection of its rights (A) in connection with this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, including its rights under this Section 11.04, or (B) in connection with Loans made or Letters of Credit issued hereunder, including all such out-of-pocket expenses incurred during any workout, restructuring or negotiations in respect of such Loans or Letters of Credit.
(b)    Indemnification by the Loan Parties. The Loan Parties shall indemnify the Administrative Agent (and any sub-agent thereof), each Lender and each L/C Issuer, and each Related Party of any of the foregoing Persons (each such Person being called an “Indemnitee”) against, and hold each Indemnitee harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and related expenses (including the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of one counsel for all Indemnitees and one local counsel for all Indemnitees in each relevant jurisdiction, unless a conflict of interest exists with respect to any Indemnitee in which case such Indemnitee may be reimbursed for the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of its own counsel), incurred by any Indemnitee or asserted against any Indemnitee by any Person (including the Borrower or any other Loan Party) arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of (i) the execution or delivery of this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby or thereby, the performance by the parties hereto of their respective obligations hereunder or thereunder or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, or, in the case of the Administrative Agent (and any sub-agent thereof) and its Related Parties only, the administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents

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(including in respect of any matters addressed in Section 3.01), (ii) any Loan or Letter of Credit or the use or proposed use of the proceeds therefrom (including any refusal by any L/C Issuer to honor a demand for payment under a Letter of Credit if the documents presented in connection with such demand do not strictly comply with the terms of such Letter of Credit), or (iii) any actual or prospective claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, whether based on contract, tort or any other theory, whether brought by a third party or by the Borrower or any other Loan Party or any of the Borrower’s or such Loan Party’s directors, shareholders or creditors, and regardless of whether any Indemnitee is a party thereto, provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or related expenses (x) are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee (or its officers, directors, employees or agents) or (y) result from a claim brought by the Borrower or any other Loan Party against an Indemnitee for breach in bad faith of such Indemnitee’s obligations hereunder or under any other Loan Document, if the Borrower or such Loan Party has obtained a final and nonappealable judgment in its favor on such claim as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction. Without limiting the provisions of Section 3.01(c), this Section 11.04(b) shall not apply with respect to Taxes other than any Taxes that represent losses, claims, damages, etc. arising from any non-Tax claim.
(c)    Reimbursement by Lenders. To the extent that the Loan Parties for any reason fail to indefeasibly pay any amount required under clauses (a) or (b) of this Section 11.04 to be paid by it to the Administrative Agent (or any sub-agent thereof), any L/C Issuer, the Swingline Lender or any Related Party of any of the foregoing, each Lender severally agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent (or any such sub-agent), any L/C Issuer, the Swingline Lender or such Related Party, as the case may be, such Lender’s pro rata share (determined as of the time that the applicable unreimbursed expense or indemnity payment is sought based on each Lender’s share of the Total Credit Exposure at such time) of such unpaid amount (including any such unpaid amount in respect of a claim asserted by such Lender), such payment to be made severally among them based on such Lender’s Applicable Percentage (determined as of the time that the applicable unreimbursed expense or indemnity payment is sought), provided, that the unreimbursed expense or indemnified loss, claim, damage, liability or related expense, as the case may be, was incurred by or asserted against the Administrative Agent (or any such sub-agent), such L/C Issuer or the Swingline Lender in its capacity as such, or against any Related Party of any of the foregoing acting for the Administrative Agent (or any such sub-agent), such L/C Issuer or the Swingline Lender in connection with such capacity. The obligations of the Lenders under this clause (c) are subject to the provisions of Section 2.12(e).
(d)    Waiver of Consequential Damages, Etc. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, no Loan Party shall assert, and each Loan Party hereby waives, and acknowledges that no other Person shall have, any claim against any Indemnitee, on any theory of liability, for special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages) arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby, the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, any Loan or Letter of Credit or the use of the proceeds thereof. No Indemnitee referred to in subsection (b) above shall be liable for any damages arising from the use by unintended recipients of any information or other materials distributed to such unintended recipients by such Indemnitee through telecommunications, electronic or other information transmission systems in connection with this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby other than for direct or actual damages resulting from the gross negligence, willful misconduct or material breach of this Agreement or any Loan Document of or by such Indemnitee (or its officers, directors, employees or agents) as determined by a final and nonappealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction.
(e)    Payments. All amounts due under this Section shall be payable not later than ten (10) Business Days after demand therefor.

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(f)    Survival. The agreements in this Section 11.04 and the indemnity provisions of Section 11.02(e) shall survive the resignation of the Administrative Agent, the L/C Issuers and the Swingline Lender, the replacement of any Lender, the termination of the Commitments and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all the other Obligations.
11.05    Payments Set Aside.
To the extent that any payment by or on behalf of the Borrower is made to the Administrative Agent, any L/C Issuer or any Lender, or the Administrative Agent, any L/C Issuer or any Lender exercises its right of setoff, and such payment or the proceeds of such setoff or any part thereof is subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or required (including pursuant to any settlement entered into by the Administrative Agent, such L/C Issuer or such Lender in its discretion) to be repaid to a trustee, receiver or any other party, in connection with any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law or otherwise, then (a) to the extent of such recovery, the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such setoff had not occurred, and (b) each Lender and the L/C Issuer severally agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent upon demand its applicable share (without duplication) of any amount so recovered from or repaid by the Administrative Agent, plus interest thereon from the date of such demand to the date such payment is made at a rate per annum equal to the applicable Overnight Rate from time to time in effect, in the applicable currency of such recovery or payment. The obligations of the Lenders and the L/C Issuers under clause (b) of the preceding sentence shall survive the payment in full of the Obligations and the termination of this Agreement.
11.06    Successors and Assigns.
(a)    Successors and Assigns Generally. The provisions of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and thereto and their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby, except neither the Borrower nor any other Loan Party may assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent and each Lender and no Lender may assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder except (i) to an assignee in accordance with the provisions of Section 11.06(b), (ii) by way of participation in accordance with the provisions of Section 11.06(d), or (iii) by way of pledge or assignment of a security interest subject to the restrictions of Section 11.06(e) (and any other attempted assignment or transfer by any party hereto shall be null and void). Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, shall be construed to confer upon any Person (other than the parties hereto, their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby, Participants to the extent provided in Section 11.06(d) and, to the extent expressly contemplated hereby, the Related Parties of each of the Administrative Agent, the L/C Issuers and the Lenders) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or by reason of this Agreement.
(b)    Assignments by Lenders. Any Lender may at any time assign to one or more assignees all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (including all or a portion of its Commitment(s) and the Loans (including for purposes of this clause (b), participations in L/C Obligations and in Swingline Loans) at the time owing to it); provided that (in each case with respect to any Facility) any such assignment shall be subject to the following conditions:
(i)    Minimum Amounts.
(A)    in the case of an assignment of the entire remaining amount of the assigning Lender’s Commitment under any Facility and/or the Loans at the time owing to it (in each

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case with respect to any Facility) or contemporaneous assignments to related Approved Funds (determined after giving effect to such assignments) that equal at least the amount specified in clause (b)(i)(B) of this Section 11.06 in the aggregate or in the case of an assignment to a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund, no minimum amount need be assigned; and
(B)    in any case not described in clause (b)(i)(A) of this Section 11.06, the aggregate amount of the Commitment (which for this purpose includes Loans outstanding thereunder) or, if the Commitment is not then in effect, the principal outstanding balance of the Loans of the assigning Lender subject to each such assignment, determined as of the date the Assignment and Assumption with respect to such assignment is delivered to the Administrative Agent or, if “Trade Date” is specified in the Assignment and Assumption, as of the Trade Date, shall not be less than $5,000,000, in the case of any assignment in respect of the Revolving Facility, or $1,000,000, in the case of any assignment in respect of the Term Facility, unless each of the Administrative Agent and, so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Company otherwise consents (each such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed).
(ii)    Proportionate Amounts. Each partial assignment shall be made as an assignment of a proportionate part of all the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents with respect to the Loans and/or the Commitment assigned, except that this clause (b)(ii) shall not (A) apply to the Swingline Lender’s rights and obligations in respect of Swingline Loans or (B) prohibit any Lender from assigning all or a portion of its rights and obligations among separate Facilities on a non-pro rata basis.
(iii)    Required Consents. No consent shall be required for any assignment except to the extent required by clause (b)(i)(B) of this Section 11.06 and, in addition:
(A)    the consent of the Company (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) shall be required unless (1) an Event of Default specified in Sections 8.01(a) or 8.01(f) has occurred and is continuing at the time of such assignment or (2) such assignment is to a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund; provided that the Company shall be deemed to have consented to any such assignment unless it shall object thereto by written notice to the Administrative Agent within ten (10) Business Days after having received notice thereof;
(B)    the consent of the Administrative Agent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) shall be required for assignments in respect of (1) any unfunded Term Commitment or any Revolving Commitment if such assignment is to a Person that is not a Lender with a Commitment in respect of the applicable Facility, an Affiliate of such Lender or an Approved Fund with respect to such Lender or (2) any Term Loan to a Person that is not a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund; and
(C)    the consent of each L/C Issuer and the Swingline Lender shall be required for any assignment in respect of the Revolving Facility.
(iv)    Assignment and Assumption. The parties to each assignment shall execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent an Assignment and Assumption, together with a processing and recordation fee in the amount of $3,500; provided, however, that the Administrative Agent may, in

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its sole discretion, elect to waive such processing and recordation fee in the case of any assignment. The assignee, if it is not a Lender, shall deliver to the Administrative Agent an Administrative Questionnaire.
(v)    No Assignment to Certain Persons. No such assignment shall be made (A) to the Borrower or any of the Borrower’s Affiliates or Subsidiaries, (B) to any Defaulting Lender or any of its Subsidiaries, or any Person who, upon becoming a Lender hereunder, would constitute any of the foregoing Persons described in this clause (B), or (C) to a natural Person (or a holding company, investment vehicle or trust for, or owned and operated by or for the primary benefit of one or more natural Persons).
(vi)    Certain Additional Payments. In connection with any assignment of rights and obligations of any Defaulting Lender hereunder, no such assignment shall be effective unless and until, in addition to the other conditions thereto set forth herein, the parties to the assignment shall make such additional payments to the Administrative Agent in an aggregate amount sufficient, upon distribution thereof as appropriate (which may be outright payment, purchases by the assignee of participations or sub-participations, or other compensating actions, including funding, with the consent of the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, the applicable pro rata share of Loans previously requested but not funded by the Defaulting Lender, to each of which the applicable assignee and assignor hereby irrevocably consent), to (A) pay and satisfy in full all payment liabilities then owed by such Defaulting Lender to the Administrative Agent, any L/C Issuer or any Lender hereunder (and interest accrued thereon) and (B) acquire (and fund as appropriate) its full pro rata share of all Loans and participations in Letters of Credit and Swingline Loans in accordance with its Applicable Percentage. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that any assignment of rights and obligations of any Defaulting Lender hereunder shall become effective under Applicable Law without compliance with the provisions of this clause (b)(vi), then the assignee of such interest shall be deemed to be a Defaulting Lender for all purposes of this Agreement until such compliance occurs.
(vii)    Subject to acceptance and recording thereof by the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 11.06(c), from and after the effective date specified in each Assignment and Assumption, the assignee thereunder shall be a party to this Agreement and, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, have the rights and obligations of a Lender under this Agreement, and the assigning Lender thereunder shall, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, be released from its obligations under this Agreement (and, in the case of an Assignment and Assumption covering all of the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, such Lender shall cease to be a party hereto but shall continue to be entitled to the benefits of Sections 3.01, 3.04, 3.05 and 11.04 with respect to facts and circumstances occurring prior to the effective date of such assignment); provided, that except to the extent otherwise expressly agreed by the affected parties, no assignment by a Defaulting Lender will constitute a waiver or release of any claim of any party hereunder arising from that Lender’s having been a Defaulting Lender. Upon request, the Borrower (at its expense) shall execute and deliver a Note to the assignee Lender. Any assignment or transfer by a Lender of rights or obligations under this Agreement that does not comply with this clause (b) shall be treated for purposes of this Agreement as a sale by such Lender of a participation in such rights and obligations in accordance with Section 11.06(d).
(viii)    If (as a result of circumstances existing at the date the assignment occurs), a UK Borrower would be obliged to make a payment to the assignee under Section 3.08, then the assignee is only entitled to receive payment under that Section to the same extent as the existing Lender would have been if the assignment had not occurred.

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(c)    Register. The Administrative Agent, acting solely for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrower (and such agency being solely for Tax purposes), shall maintain at the Administrative Agent’s Office a copy of each Assignment and Assumption delivered to it (or the equivalent thereof in electronic form) and a register for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Lenders, and the Commitments of, and principal amounts (and interest amounts) of the Loans and L/C Obligations owing to, each Lender pursuant to the terms hereof from time to time (the “Register”). The entries in the Register shall be conclusive, absent manifest error, and the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register pursuant to the terms hereof as a Lender hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement. The Register shall be available for inspection by the Borrower and any Lender (with respect to such Lender’s interest only), at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice.
(d)    Participations.
(i)    Any Lender may at any time, without the consent of, or notice to, the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, sell participations to any Person (other than a natural Person, or a holding company, investment vehicle or trust for, or owned and operated for the primary benefit of one or more natural Persons, a Defaulting Lender or the Borrower or any of the Borrower’s Affiliates or Subsidiaries) (each, a “Participant”) in all or a portion of such Lender’s rights and/or obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitment and/or the Loans (including such Lender’s participations in L/C Obligations and/or Swingline Loans) owing to it); provided that (i) such Lender’s obligations under this Agreement shall remain unchanged, (ii) such Lender shall remain solely responsible to the other parties hereto for the performance of such obligations and (iii) the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the L/C Issuers shall continue to deal solely and directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, each Lender shall be responsible for the indemnity under Section 11.04(c) without regard to the existence of any participations
(ii)    Any agreement or instrument pursuant to which a Lender sells such a participation shall provide that such Lender shall retain the sole right to enforce this Agreement and to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement; provided that such agreement or instrument may provide that such Lender will not, without the consent of the Participant, agree to any amendment, waiver or other modification described in the first proviso to Section 11.01 that affects such Participant. The Borrower agrees that each Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 3.01, 3.04 and 3.05 (subject to the requirements and limitations therein, including the requirements under Section 3.01(e) (it being understood that the documentation required under Section 3.01(e) shall be delivered to the Lender who sells the participation)) to the same extent as if it were a Lender and had acquired its interest by assignment pursuant to clause (b) of this Section 11.06; provided that such Participant (A) shall be subject to the provisions of Sections 3.06 and 11.13 as if it were an assignee under clause (b) of this Section 11.06 and (B) shall not be entitled to receive any greater payment under Sections 3.01 or 3.04, with respect to any participation, than the Lender from whom it acquired the applicable participation would have been entitled to receive, except to the extent such entitlement to receive a greater payment results from a Change in Law that occurs after the Participant acquired the applicable participation. Each Lender that sells a participation agrees, at the Borrower’s request and expense, to use reasonable efforts to cooperate with the Borrower to effectuate the provisions of Section 3.06 with respect to any Participant. To the extent permitted by law, each Participant also shall be entitled to the benefits of Section 11.08 as though it were a Lender; provided that such Participant agrees to be subject to Section 2.13 as though it were a Lender. Each Lender that sells a participation shall, acting solely for this purpose

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as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrower, maintain a register on which it enters the name and address of each Participant and the principal amounts (and interest amounts) of each Participant’s interest in the Loans or other obligations under the Loan Documents (the “Participant Register”); provided that no Lender shall have any obligation to disclose all or any portion of the Participant Register (including the identity of any Participant or any information relating to a Participant’s interest in any commitments, loans, letters of credit or its other obligations under any Loan Document) to any Person except to the extent that such disclosure is necessary to establish that such commitment, loan, letter of credit or other obligation is in registered form under Section 5f.103–1(c) of the United States Treasury Regulations. The entries in the Participant Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and such Lender shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Participant Register as the owner of such participation for all purposes of this Agreement notwithstanding any notice to the contrary. For the avoidance of doubt, the Administrative Agent (in its capacity as Administrative Agent) shall have no responsibility for maintaining a Participant Register.
(e)    Certain Pledges. Any Lender may at any time pledge or assign a security interest in all or any portion of its rights under this Agreement (including under its Note or Notes, if any) to secure obligations of such Lender, including any pledge or assignment to secure obligations to a Federal Reserve Bank; provided that no such pledge or assignment shall release such Lender from any of its obligations hereunder or substitute any such pledgee or assignee for such Lender as a party hereto.
(f)    Resignation as L/C Issuer or Swingline Lender after Assignment. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if at any time any L/C Issuer or the Swingline Lender assigns all of its Revolving Commitment and Revolving Loans pursuant to clause (b) above, such L/C Issuer or Swingline Lender may, (i) upon thirty (30) days’ notice to the Administrative Agent, the Company and the Lenders, resign as an L/C Issuer and/or (ii) upon thirty (30) days’ notice to the Company, resign as Swingline Lender. In the event of any such resignation as an L/C Issuer or Swingline Lender, the Company shall be entitled to appoint from among the Lenders a successor L/C Issuer or Swingline Lender hereunder; provided, however, that no failure by the Company to appoint any such successor shall affect the resignation of the applicable L/C Issuer or the applicable Swingline Lender as an L/C Issuer or Swingline Lender, as the case may be. If Bank of America resigns as an L/C Issuer, it shall retain all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of an L/C Issuer hereunder with respect to all Letters of Credit outstanding as of the effective date of its resignation as an L/C Issuer and all L/C Obligations with respect thereto (including the right to require the Lenders to make Base Rate Loans or fund risk participations in Unreimbursed Amounts pursuant to Section 2.03(c)). If Bank of America resigns as Swingline Lender, it shall retain all the rights of the Swingline Lender provided for hereunder with respect to Swingline Loans made by it and outstanding as of the effective date of such resignation, including the right to require the Lenders to make Base Rate Loans or fund risk participations in outstanding Swingline Loans pursuant to Section 2.04(c). Upon the appointment of a successor L/C Issuer and/or Swingline Lender, (A) such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all of the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring L/C Issuer or Swingline Lender, as the case may be, and (B) the successor L/C Issuer shall issue letters of credit in substitution for the Letters of Credit, if any, outstanding at the time of such succession or make other arrangements satisfactory to the applicable retiring L/C Issuer to effectively assume the obligations of the applicable retiring L/C Issuer with respect to such Letters of Credit.
11.07    Treatment of Certain Information; Confidentiality.
(a)    Treatment of Certain Information. Each of the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the L/C Issuers agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (i) to its Affiliates, its auditors and its Related Parties on a need-to-know basis

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(it being understood that the Persons to whom such disclosure is made will be informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential), (ii) to the extent required or requested by any regulatory authority purporting to have jurisdiction over such Person or its Related Parties (including any self-regulatory authority, such as the National Association of Insurance Commissioners) (in which case the disclosing party agrees, to the extent practicable and permitted by applicable law (including laws relating to disclosures to banking examiners or regulatory authorities), to notify the Company promptly prior to such disclosure), (iii) to the extent required by Applicable Laws or regulations or by any subpoena or similar legal process, (iv) to any other party hereto, (v) in connection with the exercise of any remedies hereunder or under any other Loan Document or any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the enforcement of rights hereunder or thereunder, (vi) subject to an agreement containing provisions substantially the same as those of this Section 11.07, to (A) any assignee of or Participant in, or any prospective assignee of or Participant in, any of its rights and obligations under this Agreement or (B) any actual or prospective party (or its Related Parties) to any swap, derivative or other transaction under which payments are to be made by reference to the Borrower and its obligations, this Agreement or payments hereunder or prospective assignee or Participant, in reliance on this clause (vi)), (vii) on a confidential basis to (A) any rating agency in connection with rating the Borrower or its Subsidiaries or the credit facilities provided hereunder or (B) the provider of any Platform or other electronic delivery service used by the Administrative Agent, any L/C Issuer and/or the Swingline Lender to deliver Borrower Materials or notices to the Lenders or (viii) the CUSIP Service Bureau or any similar agency in connection with the application, issuance, publishing and monitoring of CUSIP numbers or other market identifiers with respect to the credit facilities provided hereunder, or (ix) with the consent of the Borrower or to the extent such Information (x) becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section 11.07, (xi) becomes available to the Administrative Agent, any Lender, any L/C Issuer or any of their respective Affiliates on a nonconfidential basis from a source other than the Borrower or (xii) is independently discovered or developed by a party hereto without utilizing any Information received from the Borrower or violating the terms of this Section 11.07. For purposes of this Section 11.07, “Information” means all information received from the Borrower or any Subsidiary relating to the Borrower or any Subsidiary or any of their respective businesses, other than any such information that is available to the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any L/C Issuer on a nonconfidential basis prior to disclosure by the Borrower or any Subsidiary, provided that, in the case of information received from the Borrower or any Subsidiary after the date hereof, such information is clearly identified at the time of delivery as confidential. Any Person required to maintain the confidentiality of Information as provided in this Section 11.07 shall be considered to have complied with its obligation to do so if such Person has exercised the same degree of care to maintain the confidentiality of such Information as such Person would accord to its own confidential information. In addition, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders may disclose the existence of this Agreement and information about this Agreement to market data collectors, similar service providers to the lending industry and service providers to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders in connection with the administration of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents and the Commitments.
(b)    Non-Public Information. Each of the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the L/C Issuers acknowledges that (i) the Information may include material non-public information concerning a Loan Party or a Subsidiary, as the case may be, (ii) it has developed compliance procedures regarding the use of material non-public information and (iii) it will handle such material non-public information in accordance with Applicable Law, including United States federal and state securities Laws.
(c)    Press Releases. The Loan Parties and their Affiliates agree that they will not in the future issue any press releases or other public disclosure using the name of the Administrative Agent or any Lender or their respective Affiliates or referring to this Agreement or any of the Loan Documents without the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent, unless (and only to the extent that) the Loan Parties or such

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Affiliate is required to do so under law and then, in any event the Loan Parties or such Affiliate will consult with such Person before issuing such press release or other public disclosure.
(d)    Customary Advertising Material. Neither the Administrative Agent nor any Lender shall publish any advertising material relating to the transactions contemplated hereby using the name, product photographs, logo or trademark of the Loan Parties without the prior written consent of the Company (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed).
11.08    Right of Setoff.
If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, each Lender, each L/C Issuer and each of their respective Affiliates is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, after obtaining the prior written consent of the Required Lenders to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final, in whatever currency) at any time held and other obligations (in whatever currency) at any time owing by such Lender, such L/C Issuer or any such Affiliate to or for the credit or the account of the Borrower or any other Loan Party against any and all of the obligations of the Borrower or such Loan Party now or hereafter existing under this Agreement or any other Loan Document to such Lender, such L/C Issuer or such Affiliates, irrespective of whether or not such Lender, such L/C Issuer or Affiliate shall have made any demand under this Agreement or any other Loan Document and although such obligations of the Borrower or such Loan Party may be contingent or unmatured, secured or unsecured, or are owed to a branch, office or Affiliate of such Lender or such L/C Issuer different from the branch, office or Affiliate holding such deposit or obligated on such indebtedness; provided that in the event that any Defaulting Lender shall exercise any such right of setoff, (a) all amounts so set off shall be paid over immediately to the Administrative Agent for further application in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.15 and, pending such payment, shall be segregated by such Defaulting Lender from its other funds and deemed held in trust for the benefit of the Administrative Agent, the L/C Issuers and the Lenders, and (b) the Defaulting Lender shall provide promptly to the Administrative Agent a statement describing in reasonable detail the Obligations owing to such Defaulting Lender as to which it exercised such right of setoff. The rights of each Lender, each L/C Issuer and their respective Affiliates under this Section 11.08 are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) that such Lender, such L/C Issuer or their respective Affiliates may have under Applicable Law. Each Lender and each L/C Issuer agrees to notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent promptly after any such setoff and application, provided that the failure to give such notice shall not affect the validity of such setoff and application.
11.09    Interest Rate Limitation.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any Loan Document, the interest paid or agreed to be paid under the Loan Documents shall not exceed the maximum rate of non-usurious interest permitted by applicable Law (including without limitation, the Criminal Code (Canada)) (the “Maximum Rate”). If the Administrative Agent or any Lender shall receive interest in an amount that exceeds the Maximum Rate, the excess interest shall be applied to the principal of the Loans or, if it exceeds such unpaid principal, refunded to the Borrower. In determining whether the interest contracted for, charged, or received by the Administrative Agent or a Lender exceeds the Maximum Rate, such Person may, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, (a) characterize any payment that is not principal as an expense, fee, or premium rather than interest, (b) exclude voluntary prepayments and the effects thereof, and (c) amortize, prorate, allocate, and spread in equal or unequal parts the total amount of interest throughout the contemplated term of the Obligations hereunder.

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11.10    Counterparts; Integration; Effectiveness.
This Agreement and each of the other Loan Documents may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto in different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. This Agreement, the other Loan Documents, and any separate letter agreements with respect to fees payable to the Administrative Agent or any L/C Issuer constitute the entire contract among the parties relating to the subject matter hereof and supersede any and all previous agreements and understandings, oral or written, relating to the subject matter hereof. Except as provided in Section 4.01, this Agreement shall become effective when it shall have been executed by the Administrative Agent and when the Administrative Agent shall have received counterparts hereof that, when taken together, bear the signatures of each of the other parties hereto. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or any certificate delivered thereunder, by fax transmission or e-mail transmission (e.g. “pdf” or “tif”) shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement or such Loan Document or certificate. Without limiting the foregoing, to the extent a manually executed counterpart is not specifically required to be delivered under the terms of any Loan Document, upon the request of any party, such fax transmission or e-mail transmission shall be promptly followed by such manually executed counterpart.
11.11    Survival of Representations and Warranties.
All representations and warranties made hereunder and in any other Loan Document or other document delivered pursuant hereto or thereto or in connection herewith or therewith shall survive the execution and delivery hereof and thereof. Such representations and warranties have been or will be relied upon by the Administrative Agent and each Lender, regardless of any investigation made by the Administrative Agent or any Lender or on their behalf and notwithstanding that the Administrative Agent or any Lender may have had notice or knowledge of any Default at the time of any Credit Extension, and shall continue in full force and effect as long as any Loan or any other Obligation hereunder shall remain unpaid or unsatisfied or any Letter of Credit shall remain outstanding.
11.12    Severability.
If any provision of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents is held to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable, (a) the legality, validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall not be affected or impaired thereby and (b) the parties shall endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the illegal, invalid or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the illegal, invalid or unenforceable provisions. The invalidity of a provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. Without limiting the foregoing provisions of this Section 11.12, if and to the extent that the enforceability of any provisions in this Agreement relating to Defaulting Lenders shall be limited by Debtor Relief Laws, as determined in good faith by the Administrative Agent, any L/C Issuer or the Swingline Lender, as applicable, then such provisions shall be deemed to be in effect only to the extent not so limited.
11.13    Replacement of Lender.
If the Borrower is entitled to replace a Lender pursuant to the provisions of Section 3.06, or if any Lender is a Defaulting Lender or a Non-Consenting Lender or if any other circumstance exists hereunder that gives the Borrower the right to replace a Lender as a party hereto, then the Borrower may, at its sole expense and effort, upon notice to such Lender and the Administrative Agent, require such Lender to assign and delegate, without recourse (in accordance with and subject to the restrictions contained in, and consents

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required by, Section 11.06), all of its interests, rights (other than its existing rights to payments pursuant to Sections 3.01 and 3.04) and obligations under this Agreement and the related Loan Documents to an Eligible Assignee that shall assume such obligations (which assignee may be another Lender, if a Lender accepts such assignment), provided that:
(a)    the Borrower shall have paid (or caused a Designated Borrower to pay) to the Administrative Agent the assignment fee (if any) specified in Section 11.06(b);
(b)    such Lender shall have received payment of an amount equal to 100% of the outstanding principal of its Loans and L/C Advances, accrued interest thereon, accrued fees and all other amounts payable to it hereunder and under the other Loan Documents (including any amounts under Section 3.05) from the assignee (to the extent of such outstanding principal and accrued interest and fees) or the Borrower or applicable Designated Borrower (in the case of all other amounts);
(c)    in the case of any such assignment resulting from a claim for compensation under Section 3.04 or payments required to be made pursuant to Section 3.01, such assignment will result in a reduction in such compensation or payments thereafter;
(d)    such assignment does not conflict with applicable Laws; and
(e)    in the case of an assignment resulting from a Lender becoming a Non-Consenting Lender, the applicable assignee shall have consented to the applicable amendment, waiver or consent.
The Lender shall not be required to make any such assignment or delegation if, prior thereto, as a result of a waiver by such Lender or otherwise, the circumstances entitling the Borrower to require such assignment and delegation cease to apply.
Each party hereto agrees that (i) an assignment required pursuant to this Section 11.13 may be effected pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption executed by the Company, the Administrative Agent and the assignee and (ii) the Lender required to make such assignment need not be a party thereto in order for such assignment to be effective and shall be deemed to have consented to an be bound by the terms thereof; provided, that, following the effectiveness of any such assignment, the other parties to such assignment agree to execute and deliver such documents necessary to evidence such assignment as reasonably requested by the applicable Lender, provided further that any such documents shall be without recourse to or warranty by the parties thereto.
Notwithstanding anything in this Section 11.13 to the contrary, (A) any Lender that acts as an L/C Issuer may not be replaced hereunder at any time it has any Letter of Credit outstanding hereunder unless arrangements satisfactory to such Lender (including the furnishing of a backstop standby letter of credit in form and substance, and issued by an issuer, reasonably satisfactory to such L/C Issuer or the depositing of Cash Collateral into a Cash Collateral account in amounts and pursuant to arrangements reasonably satisfactory to such L/C Issuer) have been made with respect to such outstanding Letter of Credit and (B) the Lender that acts as the Administrative Agent may not be replaced hereunder except in accordance with the terms of Section 9.06.
11.14    Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Etc.
(a)    GOVERNING LAW. THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS (EXCEPT, AS TO ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT, AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH THEREIN) AND ANY CLAIMS, CONTROVERSY, DISPUTE OR CAUSE OF ACTION (WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR

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TORT OR OTHERWISE) BASED UPON, ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT (EXCEPT, AS TO ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT, AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH THEREIN) AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY AND THEREBY SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAW OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS.
(b)    SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION. THE BORROWER AND EACH OTHER LOAN PARTY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT COMMENCE ANY ACTION, LITIGATION OR PROCEEDING OF ANY KIND OR DESCRIPTION, WHETHER IN LAW OR EQUITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR IN TORT OR OTHERWISE, AGAINST THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, ANY LENDER, THE L/C ISSUERS OR ANY RELATED PARTY OF THE FOREGOING IN ANY WAY RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS RELATING HERETO OR THERETO, IN ANY FORUM OTHER THAN THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS SITTING IN COOK COUNTY AND OF THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT OF THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS, AND ANY APPELLATE COURT FROM ANY THEREOF, AND EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY SUBMITS TO THE JURISDICTION OF SUCH COURTS AND AGREES THAT ALL CLAIMS IN RESPECT OF ANY SUCH ACTION, LITIGATION OR PROCEEDING MAY BE HEARD AND DETERMINED IN SUCH ILLINOIS STATE COURT OR, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN SUCH FEDERAL COURT. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO AGREES THAT A FINAL JUDGMENT IN ANY SUCH ACTION, LITIGATION OR PROCEEDING SHALL BE CONCLUSIVE AND MAY BE ENFORCED IN OTHER JURISDICTIONS BY SUIT ON THE JUDGMENT OR IN ANY OTHER MANNER PROVIDED BY LAW. NOTHING IN THIS AGREEMENT OR IN ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT SHALL AFFECT ANY RIGHT THAT THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, ANY LENDER OR ANY L/C ISSUER MAY OTHERWISE HAVE TO BRING ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT AGAINST THE BORROWER OR ANY OTHER LOAN PARTY OR ITS PROPERTIES IN THE COURTS OF ANY JURISDICTION.
(c)    WAIVER OF VENUE. THE BORROWER AND EACH OTHER LOAN PARTY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY OBJECTION THAT IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE LAYING OF VENUE OF ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT IN ANY COURT REFERRED TO IN PARAGRAPH (B) OF THIS SECTION. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE DEFENSE OF AN INCONVENIENT FORUM TO THE MAINTENANCE OF SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN ANY SUCH COURT.
(d)    SERVICE OF PROCESS. EACH PARTY HERETO (OTHER THAN SPECIFIED LOAN PARTIES) IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO SERVICE OF PROCESS IN THE MANNER PROVIDED FOR NOTICES IN SECTION 11.02. NOTHING IN THIS AGREEMENT WILL AFFECT THE RIGHT OF ANY PARTY HERETO TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
(e)    SERVICE OF PROCESS (LOAN PARTIES). WITHOUT PREJUDICE TO ANY OTHER MODE OF SERVICE ALLOWED UNDER ANY RELEVANT LAW, THE LOAN PARIES: (i) IRREVOCABLY APPOINTS THE COMPANY AS ITS AGENT FOR SERVICE OF PROCESS IN RELATION TO ANY PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS IN

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CONNECTION WITH ANY LOAN DOCUMENT AND (ii) AGREES THAT FAILURE BY A PROCESS AGENT TO NOTIFY THE LOAN PARTIES OTHER THAN THE COMPANY OF THE PROCESS WILL NOT INVALIDATE THE PROCEEDINGS CONCERNED. THE LOAN PARTIES EXPRESSLY AGREE AND CONSENT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION 11.14(E).
11.15    Waiver of Jury Trial.
EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (a) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PERSON HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PERSON WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (b) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION.
11.16    Subordination.
Each Loan Party (a “Subordinating Loan Party”) hereby subordinates the payment of all obligations and indebtedness of any other Loan Party owing to it, whether now existing or hereafter arising, including but not limited to any obligation of any such other Loan Party to the Subordinating Loan Party as subrogee of the Guaranteed Parties or resulting from such Subordinating Loan Party’s performance under this Guaranty, to the indefeasible payment in full in cash of all Obligations. If the Guaranteed Parties so request, any such obligation or indebtedness of any such other Loan Party to the Subordinating Loan Party shall be enforced and performance received by the Subordinating Loan Party as trustee for the Guaranteed Parties and the proceeds thereof shall be paid over to the Guaranteed Parties on account of the Obligations, but without reducing or affecting in any manner the liability of the Subordinating Loan Party under this Agreement. Without limitation of the foregoing, so long as no Default has occurred and is continuing, the Loan Parties may make and receive payments with respect to Intercompany Debt; provided, that in the event that any Loan Party receives any payment of any Intercompany Debt at a time when such payment is prohibited by this Section, such payment shall be held by such Loan Party, in trust for the benefit of, and shall be paid forthwith over and delivered, upon written request, to the Administrative Agent.
11.17    No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility.
In connection with all aspects of each transaction contemplated hereby (including in connection with any amendment, waiver or other modification hereof or of any other Loan Document), the Borrower and each other Loan Party acknowledges and agrees, and acknowledges its Affiliates’ understanding, that: (a) (i) the arranging and other services regarding this Agreement provided by the Administrative Agent, the Arranger and the Lenders and their respective Affiliates are arm’s-length commercial transactions between the Borrower, each other Loan Party and their respective Affiliates, on the one hand, and the Administrative Agent, the Arranger and the Lenders and their respective Affiliates, on the other hand, (ii) each of the Borrower, and the other Loan Parties has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent it has deemed appropriate, and (iii) the Borrower and each other Loan Party is capable of evaluating, and understands and accepts, the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated hereby and by the other Loan Documents; (b) (i) the Administrative Agent, the Arranger and each Lender

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and each of their respective Affiliates each is and has been acting solely as a principal and, except as expressly agreed in writing by the relevant parties, has not been, is not, and will not be acting as an advisor, agent or fiduciary, for the Borrower, any other Loan Party or any of their respective Affiliates, or any other Person and (ii) neither the Administrative Agent, the Arranger, nor any Lender nor any of their respective Affiliates has any obligation to the Borrower, any other Loan Party or any of their respective Affiliates with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby except those obligations expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents; and (c) the Administrative Agent, the Arranger and the Lenders and their respective Affiliates may be engaged in a broad range of transactions that involve interests that differ from those of the Borrower, the other Loan Parties and their respective Affiliates, and neither the Administrative Agent, the Arranger, nor any Lender nor any of their respective Affiliates has any obligation to disclose any of such interests to the Borrower, any other Loan Party or any of their respective Affiliates. To the fullest extent permitted by law, each of the Borrower, and each other Loan Party hereby waives and releases any claims that it may have against the Administrative Agent, the Arranger, the Lenders and their respective Affiliates with respect to any breach or alleged breach of agency or fiduciary duty in connection with any aspect of any transactions contemplated hereby.
11.18    Electronic Execution; Electronic Records.
(a)    The words “delivery,” “execute,” “execution,” “signed,” “signature,” and words of like import in any Loan Document or any other document executed in connection herewith shall be deemed to include electronic signatures, the electronic matching of assignment terms and contract formations on electronic platforms approved by the Administrative Agent, or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature, physical delivery thereof or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, to the extent and as provided for in any Applicable Law, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act, or any other similar state laws based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act; provided that notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the Administrative Agent is under no obligation to agree to accept electronic signatures in any form or in any format unless expressly agreed to by the Administrative Agent pursuant to procedures approved by it; provided, further, without limiting the foregoing, upon the request of the Administrative Agent, any electronic signature shall be promptly followed by such manually executed counterpart.
(b)    The Borrower hereby acknowledges the receipt of a copy of this Agreement and all other Loan Documents. The Administrative Agent and each Lender may, on behalf of the Borrower, create a microfilm or optical disk or other electronic image of this Agreement and any or all of the other Loan Documents. The Administrative Agent and each Lender may store the electronic image of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents in its electronic form and then destroy the paper original as part of the Administrative Agent’s and each Lender’s normal business practices, with the electronic image deemed to be an original and of the same legal effect, validity and enforceability as the paper originals.
11.19    USA PATRIOT Act and Canadian AML Acts Notice.
Each Lender that is subject to the Patriot Act or any Canadian AML Act and the Administrative Agent (for itself and not on behalf of any Lender) hereby notifies the Borrower and the other Loan Parties that pursuant to the requirements of the USA PATRIOT Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107–56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)) (the “Patriot Act”) and the Canadian AML Acts, it is required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies the Borrower and each other Loan Party, which information includes the name and address of theeach Borrower and each other Loan Party, information concerning its direct and indirect holders of Equity Interests and other Persons exercising Control over it, and other information that will allow

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such Lender or the Administrative Agent, as applicable, to identify the BorrowerBorrowers and each other Loan Party in accordance with the Patriot Act and the Canadian AML Acts. The Borrower and each other Loan Party shall, promptly following a request by the Administrative Agent or any Lender, provide all such other documentation and information that the Administrative Agent or such Lender requests in order to comply with its ongoing obligations under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the Patriot Act. and the Canadian AML Acts. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement, nothing in this Agreement shall require any Loan Party that is organized under the laws of Canada or any province thereof to commit an act or omission that contravenes the Foreign Extraterritorial Measures Act (Canada), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, including the Foreign Extraterritorial Measures (United States) Order, 1992 (Canada).
11.20    Acknowledgment and Consent to Bail-In of EEA Financial Institutions.
Solely to the extent any Lender or L/C Issuer that is an EEA Financial Institution is a party to this Agreement and notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Loan Document or in any other agreement, arrangement or understanding among any such parties, each party hereto acknowledges that any liability of any Lender or L/C Issuer that is an EEA Financial Institution arising under any Loan Document, to the extent such liability is unsecured, may be subject to the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of an EEA Resolution Authority and agrees and consents to, and acknowledges and agrees to be bound by:
(a)    the application of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by an EEA Resolution Authority to any such liabilities arising hereunder which may be payable to it by any Lender or L/C Issuer that is an EEA Financial Institution; and
(b)    the effects of any Bail-In Action on any such liability, including, if applicable:
(i)    a reduction in full or in part or cancellation of any such liability;
(ii)    a conversion of all, or a portion of, such liability into shares or other instruments of ownership in such EEA Financial Institution, its parent undertaking, or a bridge institution that may be issued to it or otherwise conferred on it, and that such shares or other instruments of ownership will be accepted by it in lieu of any rights with respect to any such liability under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; or
(iii)    the variation of the terms of such liability in connection with the exercise of the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of any EEA Resolution Authority.
11.21    Judgment Currency.
If, for the purposes of obtaining judgment in any court, it is necessary to convert a sum due hereunder or any other Loan Document in one currency into another currency, the rate of exchange used shall be that at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Administrative Agent could purchase the first currency with such other currency on the Business Day preceding that on which final judgment is given. The obligation of each Loan Party in respect of any such sum due from it to the Administrative Agent or any Lender hereunder or under the other Loan Documents shall, notwithstanding any judgment in a currency (the “Judgment Currency”) other than that in which such sum is denominated in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Agreement (the “Agreement Currency”), be discharged only to the extent that on the Business Day following receipt by the Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, of any sum adjudged to be so due in the Judgment Currency, the Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, may in accordance with normal banking procedures purchase the Agreement Currency with

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the Judgment Currency. If the amount of the Agreement Currency so purchased is less than the sum originally due to the Administrative Agent or any Lender from any Loan Party in the Agreement Currency, such Loan Party agrees, as a separate obligation and notwithstanding any such judgment, to indemnify the Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, against such loss. If the amount of the Agreement Currency so purchased is greater than the sum originally due to the Administrative Agent or any Lender in such currency, the Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, agrees to return the amount of any excess to such Loan Party (or to any other Person who may be entitled thereto under Applicable law).

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written.
[Signature Pages Intentionally Omitted]

EXHIBIT 31.1
 
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
 
I, Kunal Kapoor, certify that:
 
1.      I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Morningstar, Inc.;
 
2.      Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.      Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.      The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
 
a.     designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
b.      designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
c.      evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
d.      disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
 
5.      The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
 
a.     all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
b.     any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

	
				
Date: October 30, 2019	 	/s/ Kunal Kapoor	
 	 	Kunal Kapoor	
 	 	Chief Executive Officer	

EXHIBIT 31.2
 
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
 
I, Jason Dubinsky, certify that:
 
1.       I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Morningstar, Inc.;
 
2.      Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.      Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.      The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
 
a.     designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
b.     designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
c.      evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
d.      disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
 
5.      The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
 
a.      all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
b.      any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

	
				
Date: October 30, 2019	 	/s/ Jason Dubinsky	
 	 	Jason Dubinsky	
 	 	Chief Financial Officer	

EXHIBIT 32.1
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
 
Kunal Kapoor, as Chief Executive Officer of Morningstar, Inc. (the Company), certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.	the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the Report) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m); and	

2.	the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.	

	
				
/s/ Kunal Kapoor	
Kunal Kapoor	 	
Chief Executive Officer	
 	
Date: October 30, 2019	 	

EXHIBIT 32.2
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
 
Jason Dubinsky, as Chief Financial Officer of Morningstar, Inc. (the Company), certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.	the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the Report) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m); and	

2.	the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.	

	
				
/s/ Jason Dubinsky	 	
Jason Dubinsky	 	
Chief Financial Officer	 	
 	 	
Date: October 30, 2019